[HN Gopher] The first study of individualized brain stimulation ...
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       The first study of individualized brain stimulation to treat severe
       depression
        
       Author : ed
       Score  : 76 points
       Date   : 2021-10-15 14:46 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | concinds wrote:
       | I'm glad this is helping some people, and I'm always in favor of
       | treatments that help people who are "lost causes" (people with
       | chronic illness and every treatment they tried so far has
       | failed), but this stuff really creeps me out. There's that story
       | of the Navy SEAL that developed mania and psychosis from
       | excessive use of rTMS that was making the rounds a few years ago
       | (https://rewired.inewsource.org/ucsd-kevin-murphy-prtms-
       | navy-...). It just seems like an example of scientists playing
       | around with a complex system they have a very incomplete
       | understanding of, with potentially risky outcomes. The brain
       | isn't a heart, it's not just a matter of getting it "beating" at
       | the right pace. With the Navy SEAL who went insane, the main
       | problem seems to have been excessive treatment (rTMS worked at
       | first, but the effects kept going away without more stimulation,
       | so even though he was supposed to be "cured" after a few months
       | and require no further treatment, he had essentially become
       | "addicted" to brain stimulation). Brain stimulation implants seem
       | too similar: meant to stimulate certain emotions in perpetuity,
       | with nothing really addressing the underlying causes.
       | Psychotropics are already suboptimal in that same sense
       | (addressing symptoms, not root causes) but it seems like a safe
       | bet that this will have more unintended effects than drugs. I
       | don't want to discourage anyone here from getting treatment (as a
       | sidenote, what worked for me for depression was internal family
       | systems therapy, which is also pretty "out there" and cutting
       | edge) but I'm wary that with more focus and funding for rTMS,
       | there'll be less attention on finding more "root cause"
       | solutions.
        
         | davesque wrote:
         | I highly agree with this sentiment. After all, it seems in a
         | way that emotions are a reaction to the environment and to
         | one's circumstance. If those are poor, shouldn't the emotions
         | also be poor in a healthy person? Otherwise, what incentive
         | would a person have to seek out a better situation? In my own
         | struggles with depression, I feel one truth I've discovered is
         | that my emotions are calling attention to things in my life,
         | both good and bad. That's useful. I wouldn't want to always
         | feel good about everything.
         | 
         | That's why I hope treatments like these are looked at as
         | providing some kind of temporary relief that could help a
         | person find motivation to change things that are bothering
         | them. I know the kind of negativity a person can experience
         | during depression can be totally debilitating. It should treat
         | that debilitation.
        
         | hprotagonist wrote:
         | This is DBS, similar to therapies for motor disorders like
         | Parkinson's. It's also invasive; a surgery is performed to
         | implant an electrode into the striatum. rTMS is noninvasive and
         | much less targeted.
         | 
         | Based partly on motor disease research into disorders like
         | Parkinson's disease, there is a growing theory in the
         | neurosciences that brain disrhythmic behavior _is_ the root
         | cause for a variety of disorders, with a plastic feedback loop
         | on top that reinforces things as the disease progresses.
         | Closed-loop stimulation that disturbs the maladaptive behavior
         | when it starts works stunningly well for some motor diseases,
         | and at least in one patient, for MDD as well.
        
           | concinds wrote:
           | Interesting, that makes me trust this quite a bit more.
           | Regardless, this is bound to really contribute to our
           | understanding of the brain, so I'm grateful for this
           | research.
        
         | maybelsyrup wrote:
         | Great comment.
         | 
         | > but the effects kept going away without more stimulation, so
         | even though he was supposed to be "cured" after a few months
         | and require no further treatment
         | 
         | This describes most mental health treatments, especially the
         | drugs.
         | 
         | > internal family systems therapy
         | 
         | I'm a huge fan of this, too. Did wonders for my relationships.
         | 
         | > that story of the Navy SEAL
         | 
         | This is fascinating. Given what you read about these guys these
         | days, needing serious professional help doesn't exactly
         | surprise me.
        
         | throwaway81523 wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirehead_(science_fiction)
        
         | fpgaminer wrote:
         | > It just seems like an example of scientists playing around
         | with a complex system they have a very incomplete understanding
         | of, with potentially risky outcomes.
         | 
         | Scientists don't "play" around with medicine; this kind of
         | stuff is highly regulated.
         | 
         | TMS is only used to treat depression when all other treatments
         | have failed. At that point, the benefits outweigh the risks.
         | Namely, at that point the patient is at risk of _death_ and no
         | other options are available.
         | 
         | > Psychotropics are already suboptimal in that same sense
         | (addressing symptoms, not root causes)
         | 
         | We don't know the root causes of the vast majority of diseases.
         | So we can't say whether psychotropics treat the root causes or
         | not. But we do know they work. They save and improve many, many
         | lives.
         | 
         | And that's how modern medicine works. Does it work? Is it safe?
         | Then we use it. All modern day treatments are suboptimal. That
         | doesn't mean they don't work, and that doesn't mean people
         | shouldn't use them when needed.
         | 
         | It's interesting that I don't see these kind of skeptical
         | comments about antihistamines. Modern antihistamines are
         | suboptimal (I should know), but everyone with allergies is glad
         | they exist.
         | 
         | > I don't want to discourage anyone here from getting treatment
         | 
         | Personally I think this comment will contribute to treatment
         | hesitation, whether that was intended or not. Mental health is
         | already highly stigmatized, and seeking help for it is a
         | daunting task. Telling people that scientists are "playing"
         | around with their brain isn't helpful. Good doctors are
         | following a strict, science backed playbook for the treatment
         | of mental disorders. These playbooks save lives.
        
           | herval wrote:
           | While TMS _should_ be a last resort thing, what's actually
           | seems to be happening (anecdotally at least) is it gets
           | prescribed like candy - just like opioids and
           | antidepressants.
           | 
           | I had a pretty rough time during the pandemic and reached out
           | to a couple clinics for maybe trying psychotherapy, and after
           | a single 30 minutes consultation, both concluded I should try
           | TMS first, because "it just works". One of them literally
           | added me to a marketing mailing and kept spamming me about
           | it.
           | 
           | So yea, maybe it's highly regulated outside the US?
        
           | concinds wrote:
           | > Personally I think this comment will contribute to
           | treatment hesitation
           | 
           | You're right; I want to make sure to say that people should
           | never, ever just decide to "live with" whatever ails them.
           | There's solutions, and 99% of the time the price is worth
           | paying. Exhaust your options but never "settle" for "this is
           | just how my life will always be", whatever works, works. I
           | have psychiatrists in my family so I know for a _fact_ that
           | psychotropics can turn someone 's whole life around, durably,
           | and do a 360deg on their quality of life; and sometimes have
           | their lives literally saved. I don't want anyone reading this
           | to think I'm on the "antipsychiatry" side of things.
           | 
           | I was approaching this from a "medical technology" PoV,
           | hoping that there would be more effective, permanent
           | treatments by now, but I hope if there are any patients or
           | future patients reading this, that they don't write this off
           | if nothing else worked. Don't necessarily trust every doctor
           | (if they give you treatments that don't work or don't listen
           | properly to your symptoms) but do listen to _your_ doctor
           | once you find a good one, which there are a lot of.
           | 
           | I was using the "playing around" language out of the
           | frustration that everyone who does have chronic illness that
           | doctors have been unable to address (even with experimental
           | treatments), knows. But it's very important people don't
           | throw out the baby with the bathwater, and even more
           | important to do whatever it takes to become unencumbered by
           | whatever problem they have.
           | 
           | I can't edit my comment above anymore, but I just want to
           | say, if you have a chronic condition, you seriously can't
           | imagine how much better your life will be once you get it
           | under control. Trust the process, you can find solutions no
           | matter how hopeless it feels.
        
       | AndrewBissell wrote:
       | From the same newspaper in 1970: "Brain Researcher Jose Delgado
       | Asks -- 'What Kind of Humans Would We Like to Construct?' ":
       | https://www.nytimes.com/1970/11/15/archives/brain-researcher...
        
       | drawqrtz wrote:
       | https://archive.vn/VDl10
        
       | echopurity wrote:
       | A one person experiment? Zero mention of social factors of
       | depression? 250 million people with depression just need their
       | brain shocked regularly? Sounds right for HN.
        
       | hprotagonist wrote:
       | more technical presser:
       | https://www.fiercebiotech.com/medtech/ucsf-health-s-customiz...
       | 
       | The paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01480-w
        
       | stooliepidgin wrote:
       | I'm having TMS done for 9 weeks starting at the end of this month
       | for treatment-resistant, endogenous depression. Wish me luck.
       | 
       | I'm considering doing a ketamine treatment too.
        
         | fpgaminer wrote:
         | Best of luck to you! I hope everything goes well.
        
         | hypersoar wrote:
         | Good luck! I went through a course of TMS last year and had
         | pretty good results.
        
       | smitty1e wrote:
       | Getting a Louis Wu vibe here:
       | 
       | https://www.wireheading.com/wirehead.html
        
       | pgt wrote:
       | If you simulate a depressed brain sufficiently accurately, are
       | you prolonging the suffering of a depressed mind?
        
         | drdeca wrote:
         | Stimulation, not simulation.
        
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       (page generated 2021-10-16 23:02 UTC)