[HN Gopher] Ubuntu 21.10
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Ubuntu 21.10
        
       Author : zathan
       Score  : 194 points
       Date   : 2021-10-14 19:31 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ubuntu.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ubuntu.com)
        
       | capableweb wrote:
       | Funny, I run Ubuntu on my laptop and tried just today to upgrade
       | it (since I'm on 18.04 and have been for a while). But no matter
       | how I try, `do-release-upgrade` won't do the upgrade, complaining
       | about third party repositories (removed all of them as a result),
       | mismatched python versions, and a load of other issues. When I
       | fix one, another one appears. Tried for 5 hours today and
       | eventually gave up.
       | 
       | On the other hand, my desktop machines run Arch and NixOS and I
       | have never had any issues upgrading. Well, actually a few issues
       | with NixOS upgrades, but it's so easy to rollback that I barely
       | spend any time on it, and when I later try to upgrade again,
       | everything just works.
       | 
       | I wonder why Ubuntu/Canonical can never get their upgrade game to
       | work properly. I've had similar issues with Ubuntu upgrades since
       | I started using Ubuntu (8.X) and seems it'll never be fixed.
       | Maybe I'll just start using either Arch or NixOS on my laptop
       | too.
        
         | outworlder wrote:
         | I'll echo the NixOS experience. Upgrades are not even stressful
         | since you can 'rollback' nearly everything.
        
         | rlpb wrote:
         | > I wonder why Ubuntu/Canonical can never get their upgrade
         | game to work properly.
         | 
         | Ubuntu developer here. Sounds like you have a really hacked up
         | system there, and that it's your existing system that has
         | issues. Under these circumstances, I don't think it's
         | reasonable to expect an upgrade to be able to work smoothly.
         | Scripts that handle upgrade paths necessarily need to make
         | assumptions that what they are upgrading from is what the
         | distribution put there. If you hack it up, then those scripts
         | aren't going to work.
         | 
         | Your Arch system, being rolling release based, I assume isn't
         | as hacked up with newer versions of things because you get them
         | straight from your distribution? The equivalent on Ubuntu would
         | be to run the six-monthly releases, which I assume you choose
         | not to do. If you do that and then you hack up your system,
         | then I don't think it's fair to compare to an Arch system where
         | you (presumably) don't do that.
         | 
         | If you want to run an Ubuntu LTS system then I suggest that you
         | do your hacking inside containers (whether system containers
         | like lxd, or app containers like Docker). Then you won't need
         | to hack up your system itself, and then upgrades will generally
         | work fine.
        
           | outworlder wrote:
           | > Sounds like you have a really hacked up system there
           | 
           | Some people would call this 'a system that's actually being
           | used to do something'.
           | 
           | Don't blame users unless it's clear they are doing something
           | egregious with the system. Installing a different Python
           | version shouldn't break installers, but here we are.
           | 
           | Ubuntu should have taken a page from CoreOS, NixOS and even
           | Arch. CoreOS with their immutable system partitions (and two
           | of them so it can revert to a good one if the current can't
           | boot). NixOS with the immutable packages (and the split
           | between user and system packages). And even Arch with its
           | release model.
           | 
           | Sometimes you have to 'hack your system' to add a new apt
           | source to try to get your GPU working with OpenCL, or you
           | have to modify some config file on /etc to get something else
           | working. Or whatever the use-case might be. Should that break
           | upgrades then? Ubuntu really doesn't provide any guidance or
           | utilities to help with this.
           | 
           | At least figure out a way to install a _known sane_ system
           | configuration, even if it breaks the user 's customization.
           | Having a separate system partition by default would actually
           | help a little.
           | 
           | Even Windows allow you to snapshot and rollback changes.
           | Something that Ubuntu users have to - guess what - "hack the
           | system" to get.
        
             | rlpb wrote:
             | > Ubuntu should have taken a page from CoreOS, NixOS and
             | even Arch. CoreOS with their immutable system partitions
             | (and two of them so it can revert to a good one if the
             | current can't boot). NixOS with the immutable packages (and
             | the split between user and system packages). And even Arch
             | with its release model.
             | 
             | Actually Ubuntu Core is an edition of Ubuntu that has
             | exactly these properties. It runs read-only, with packages
             | that can be added and removed cleanly.
             | 
             | This does involve moving away from apt/deb, which is
             | fundamentally incapable of this. I don't know of any plans
             | to do this for the main Ubuntu distro itself, but consider
             | the resistance if this were on the roadmap.
        
             | nsonha wrote:
             | Obviously you put the effort into the Arch one to set up
             | everything with Nix, and didn't do that in Ubuntu. A fairer
             | comparison would be "a system that's actually being used to
             | do something" in just Arch to Ubuntu or Nix on both.
             | 
             | I'm not a heavy linux user but I know 3 guys who use Arch
             | at work and one of them had an upgrade issue that caused
             | them half a day to fix, this was circa 2016. I know plenty
             | of people who use Ubuntu no issue. Not that such anecdote
             | really means anything, just to demonstrate that they can be
             | used to back whatever bias.
             | 
             | > Having a separate system partition by default
             | 
             | This is just one simple extra step when you install. And I
             | don't know if arch has this by default?
             | 
             | > Even Windows allow you to snapshot and rollback changes
             | 
             | just use brfs? This is more of a linux thing has nothing to
             | do with ubuntu
        
               | megous wrote:
               | > And I don't know if arch has this by default?
               | 
               | What do you mean by default? :) Arch doesn't have an
               | automated installer that does partitioning for you. You
               | extract some files to whatever partitioning setup you've
               | dreamed up for yourself, setup a bootloader and reboot.
        
               | nsonha wrote:
               | You are the one who asked for default.
               | 
               | Ubuntu has that but I don't think most people use it
               | either. I don't see any harm as an option for beginners.
               | Not that it actually happened but my parents should be
               | able to set up ubuntu because they don't need to
               | partitition.
        
           | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
           | See, this is why Linux distributions piss me off. You have an
           | upgrade path that breaks, and when it does the response is
           | "oh, you used your Linux distribution in a way we said you
           | could in our docs? why would you think the upgrade would work
           | after that?!"
           | 
           | Distros just don't care about the user experience. They care
           | about making it look fancy, or shifting around designs, or
           | introducing brand new components that break old
           | functionality. But they don't care if people actually have
           | problems using it.
           | 
           | Every bug is the user's fault, and every reinvention-of-the-
           | wheel (that actually works worse than the previous wheel) is
           | a praiseworthy accomplishment. Regressions are nonexistent,
           | hardware compatibility/stability is a guessing game, solving
           | common problems is left to the user to Google, all the
           | interfaces and apps are inconsistent, there are no
           | interactive guides to design changes, and just getting some
           | basic hardware like a Bluetooth adapter to work is a multi-
           | day adventure. (And I'm a 20+ year Linux veteran.)
           | 
           | I still use Linux because I know that my hardware will
           | _mostly_ work, and that once I get past a month of fixing
           | bugs on a new install, I can basically make it do what I
           | want. But it 's so frustrating to use compared to Windows.
           | The only reason I don't use Windows instead is performance
           | and troubleshooting is worse there (for the most part) and
           | security is scarier. But I want to throw both Linux and
           | Windows in the trash. And I won't buy a Mac because the price
           | and incompatibility is absurd.
        
             | rlpb wrote:
             | > "oh, you used your Linux distribution in a way we said
             | you could in our docs?"
             | 
             | Huh? Adding third party repositories has never been a
             | supported path. You're welcome to use them since you own
             | your system, but the future stability of your system is
             | then down to the ability of the third party to not break
             | it. Usually third party apt packagers don't consider future
             | release upgrades.
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | What do you expect users to do in this case, when apt has
               | old or missing software? Are users expected to limit
               | themselves to the software in the main repositories?
               | Windows and macos don't have this constraint. Installing
               | applications from the internet never breaks windows
               | update or macos. (Sometimes macos updates break homebrew
               | or kernel extensions, but that's kind of easier to deal
               | with.)
        
               | rlpb wrote:
               | Users can only realistically do what their third party
               | software providers tell them to do.
               | 
               | The third party software providers, however, owe it to
               | their users to provide reliable and responsible
               | mechanisms for users to consume their stuff. Providing a
               | third party apt repository that breaks the user doing a
               | future release upgrade is not it.
               | 
               | Now we have snaps, AppImage, Flatpak. These mechanisms
               | can be used by third party software providers to provide
               | safe and reliable (for the system) software. Any of them
               | are better than providing third party apt repositories.
               | 
               | > Windows and macos don't have this constraint.
               | Installing applications from the internet never breaks
               | windows update or macos.
               | 
               | That's because it isn't the norm for third party software
               | to hack up the OS in order to install themselves, rather
               | than use the mechanisms provided. It used to be -
               | remember DLL hell? They got away from that, and our
               | ecosystem needs to do the same.
        
           | R0b0t1 wrote:
           | I've had dist-upgrade work 1 out of ~7 times I tried it. My
           | count may be off, but that one time I had to help it along.
           | 
           | Yes, I was installing stuff into ~ the entire time.
        
           | Enginerrrd wrote:
           | Just as another data point, to be honest, I've had nothing
           | but similar issues with Ubuntu. It always found new, weird,
           | sometimes downright bizarre ways to break, often in ways I
           | never could figure out how to fix. Mind you, that was back
           | when I didn't even do anything unusual and didn't know how to
           | really dig into the nuts and bolts of linux... I just
           | installed fairly normal apps from the repository with no
           | custom configuration. ...That was all pre-snap.
           | 
           | Ironically, I tried again post-snap thinking that would make
           | things harder to break. The first app I tried to install
           | failed in some bizarre way. I fixed it eventually, but it
           | left a pretty sour taste in my mouth. I've had upgrades pre
           | 20.0x that basically nuked my whole server. I just can't in
           | good faith recommend ubuntu to beginners anymore. Mind you,
           | that's for desktop... The 20.04 server is actually pretty
           | nice for a headless linux box, though usually I just run it
           | in a container from a debian system via lxc.
           | 
           | Conversely, I've _never_ broken my Arch or debian systems
           | beyond repair despite really hacking the ever-loving shit out
           | of them. I think I had one package I had to fix the version
           | on and no other significant issues.
        
             | ostenning wrote:
             | Agreed. Ubuntu aways broke more than my Arch system.
        
           | capableweb wrote:
           | I wouldn't expect nothing less than being blamed by Ubuntu
           | developers for a hacked up system, even though I barely
           | described anything.
           | 
           | Thanks for giving me another reason to leave the Ubuntu
           | ecosystem behind me. The condescending tone that your message
           | has seems to be relatively popular in the Ubuntu/Canonical
           | community as well, at least compared to NixOS.
        
             | the__alchemist wrote:
             | On my my recent Ubuntu attempt about 2 years ago, a major
             | usability problem was diagnosed as "Not using an LTS
             | release".
        
             | rlpb wrote:
             | You described third party repositories and mismatching
             | Python versions. That _is_ a hacked up system, by
             | definition.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | generalizations wrote:
               | Seems uncommon that those things would prevent upgrades.
               | It sounds more like Ubuntu is beginning to suffer from an
               | excess of complexity.
        
               | rlpb wrote:
               | I think part of the problem is that third party apt
               | repositories have become normalised as if they're a
               | reasonable way to "add on" to your existing system.
               | 
               | In reality they're a hack on a packaging system that was
               | never designed for third party plugability in this way.
               | They very often break future upgrades. Third party apt
               | repositories fundamentally cannot express all the
               | necessary metadata to allow for upgrades to work in the
               | general case. They don't even namespace properly; apt
               | cannot even tell the difference between a third party
               | installed package and one that came from the
               | distribution. And third party packagers typically don't
               | even consider future upgrades.
               | 
               | This is why Ubuntu is working on snaps: they are a
               | mechanism that allows for third party plugability in a
               | way that does not break the system.
               | 
               | If we want upgrades not to break, the system dpkg/apt
               | installation needs to be left alone and not be interfered
               | with by third parties.
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | So, what should I do if you don't decide to include
               | critical release of a package that was out there for 6
               | months? https://github.com/swaywm/sway/releases
        
               | rlpb wrote:
               | Here's some further information on sway specifically.
               | Looks like it couldn't be updated because depending
               | packages weren't ready for the switch: https://bugs.launc
               | hpad.net/ubuntu/+source/phoc/+bug/1938404
        
               | rlpb wrote:
               | Sorry that wasn't included. Please understand that it's
               | not about "you" and "me" though. Anyone can contribute to
               | Ubuntu, and "any responsibility can be carried by any
               | contributor who demonstrates the required capacity and
               | competence" (https://ubuntu.com/community/code-of-
               | conduct). So please join us and help to make this happen
               | next time.
               | 
               | Of course there are processes and policies to help us
               | ensure quality and that other user expectations (eg.
               | stability, integration) are met as best as we can. These
               | take time and effort to negotiate. But we'd be happy to
               | help to explain what's needed to be contributed to make
               | progress in Ubuntu itself for any specific circumstance.
               | Find us in #ubuntu-devel on Libera Chat, or
               | https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-devel-
               | discu...
        
               | the__alchemist wrote:
               | This is at the core of why I've found Ubuntu (More
               | broadly Linux?) to be frustrating to use. Installing
               | programs or functionality beyond what it ships with leads
               | to the system ending in a "hacked up", as you put it,
               | state. Then reliability tanks.
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | I don't know much about python, but for nodejs dev work I
               | have about half a dozen versions of nodejs installed.
               | It's super handy having all those versions installed so I
               | can test that a certain native nodejs package I develop
               | builds and works properly. And to rule out nodejs itself
               | when reproducing bugs. I use nvm (or fvm) or something to
               | manage all that because the system package managers
               | updated too slowly.
               | 
               | What are you saying here? That having multiple versions
               | of python installed can put your whole OS into some sort
               | of unrecoverable corrupted state, and that's expected and
               | ok? That's a non starter for me.
        
               | capableweb wrote:
               | Yes, because Ubuntu doesn't ship everything you need,
               | third-party repositories are needed for my day-to-day
               | job. None of the packages I get from that are overwriting
               | existing software from official repositories, but still
               | Ubuntu recommends turning those off, not sure how that
               | should break an upgrade. On the other hand, my Arch
               | installation runs with tons of custom software, with
               | repositories and more added to it, but still somehow can
               | handle upgrades 100 times better than Ubuntu.
               | 
               | Regarding the python, the error message was something
               | like "python is gonna be python 3 after the upgrade, and
               | we can't handle that so you should uninstall python
               | before upgrading", or something similar.
               | 
               | I'm just using what Canonical/Ubuntu are providing me
               | when it comes to Python, but still somehow it's up to me
               | to remove/install stuff manually when it comes to
               | upgrading.
        
             | V-2 wrote:
             | Isn't the freedom of "hacking" your system one of the main
             | reasons for using Linux to begin with?
        
               | shock wrote:
               | You're free to "hack" it as much as you wish, but when
               | you break it(if you don't know what you're doing) you get
               | to keep all the pieces. And the blame.
        
               | rlpb wrote:
               | I'm not sure it's a main reason, but it is indeed a key
               | property of having full control over your own system that
               | you are welcome to do this. But this level of control
               | also comes with a curse: if you break your system, then
               | you get to keep the pieces. I find it quite upsetting to
               | be blamed instead.
        
               | the__alchemist wrote:
               | You are misassessing how people use Desktop/Laptop
               | computers. Ie you're assuming people will install Ubuntu,
               | and leave it in its default state, or only use package
               | managers.
        
               | rlpb wrote:
               | I understand how people use their computers. I merely
               | object to those people then blaming the distro for not
               | writing software that can magically work around how they
               | hacked it up.
        
           | Normal_gaussian wrote:
           | I'm sure you don't mean it, but this reads very much like
           | victim blaming and responsibility reduction. Most likely the
           | assumption of what the distribution should do is different
           | for the user and provider, which is going to lead to a lot of
           | talking past each other and not many issues being fixed.
        
           | uniqueuid wrote:
           | To be fair, some moving parts outside of canonical's work are
           | necessary yet break often.
           | 
           | Prominent example: Nvidia drivers. Oh how often have I wiped
           | a system because the precise combination of
           | driver/CUDA/nvcuvid/nvenc and nvidia-docker broke through
           | some freak update.
           | 
           | These are the things that often prevent smooth upgrades.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Even when a "version jumping" upgrade is allowed, I usually do
         | them in order, unless I'm going from LTS to LTS.
        
           | koolba wrote:
           | Bold is the man that jumps across multiple major versions of
           | any software.
        
         | uniqueuid wrote:
         | I've upgraded from 18.04 in the past, but via intermediary LTS
         | releases (i.e. 20.04). Going all in one step is not possible
         | IMO.
         | 
         | Also note that Ubuntu LTS releases only do upgrades after the
         | first point release of a new version. You won't be upgraded to
         | 21.10 until it hits 21.10.1.
         | 
         | [edit] Apparently the holdout until point release .1 only
         | applies to LTS versions:
         | 
         | > Upgrades from one LTS to the next LTS release are only
         | available after the first point release. For example, Ubuntu
         | 18.04 LTS will only upgrade to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS after the
         | 20.04.1 point release. [https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/upgrade-
         | introduction]
        
           | alcidesfonseca wrote:
           | I've learned that ubuntu upgrades only if you update to the
           | next version as soon as it is released. I have a 14.04 server
           | that I cannot upgrade anymore and it sucks.
           | 
           | Also, NVidia and Cuda drivers mess the upgrade path as well.
           | And ubuntu is the most supported distro.
        
             | uniqueuid wrote:
             | Yes, Nvidia is special (in a bad way).
             | 
             | They seem especially hell-bent on pushing new versions of
             | CUDA on everyone way before any usable software supports it
             | (i.e. try getting a usable tensorflow or mxnet when your
             | machine auto-upgraded to 11.4.x one day after its release).
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | You can have multiple CUDA versions installed at once,
               | it's not exclusive.
        
             | rlpb wrote:
             | > I've learned that ubuntu upgrades only if you update to
             | the next version as soon as it is released. I have a 14.04
             | server that I cannot upgrade anymore and it sucks.
             | 
             | Actually you can upgrade from old releases. You do need to
             | move from LTS to LTS, rather than jumping. So you can
             | upgrade 14.04 to 16.04, then to 18.04, and then to 20.04.
             | 
             | See https://askubuntu.com/questions/91815/how-to-install-
             | softwar... for details.
        
         | prmph wrote:
         | And this is why the year of the Linux desktop will forever be
         | in the future. From the cryptic (to a normal user) error
         | messages, the broken repositories, the (often) primitive UI/UX,
         | I really don't see Linux becoming more mainstream popular
         | anytime soon.
        
         | flas9sd wrote:
         | have a backup and skip the do-release-upgrade script, edit
         | /etc/apt/sources.list directly for newer repos, outcomment
         | anything 3rdparty (in sources.list.d/ too) and
         | update+upgrade+dist-upgrade your system into the future, did it
         | this way for years.. it's almost a rolling rhino
        
         | deeblering4 wrote:
         | In my experience it's best to simply not attempt in-place major
         | distro version upgrades and approach them instead as a
         | backup/reimage/restore (or using an alternate/new machine)
         | 
         | This has been true for me across all distros, and honestly it's
         | a main reason why I only run linux on servers anymore (easy to
         | create a new VM for upgrades, harder to create a new laptop)
        
           | qorrect wrote:
           | I have been using linux and Ubuntu for years, and not once
           | has a full upgrade gone off without a hitch. I did upgrade to
           | 21.10 , and of course it blew away my display drivers.
        
           | blacksmith_tb wrote:
           | Hmm, I have a couple of laptops with Ubuntu on them, they
           | aren't my primary personal (or work) machines, but I
           | generally haven't had trouble upgrading them - I did one
           | today, via do-release-upgrade -d and it worked fine (though
           | the FF snap, while maybe ok in theory, meant that it had lost
           | all my tabs / bookmarks / etc., uninstalling and installing
           | via apt got me the deb version which did pull those all in
           | from my profile).
        
           | regularfry wrote:
           | In my patchy and incomplete experience this is true for
           | Ubuntu but untrue for Debian. As long as I've followed the
           | upgrade instructions I don't think I've ever had a Debian
           | stable version bump fail. Whereas Ubuntu... yeah, backup and
           | restore, because you're going to do it anyway.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | If you use btrfs, which Ubuntu defaults to, you can simply
           | take a snapshot of your system before upgrading and roll it
           | back if there's an issue.
           | 
           | That said, I use Ubuntu on many machines and VMs, and I
           | haven't had issues with upgrading them at all.
        
             | Hasnep wrote:
             | I don't think Ubuntu defaults to btrfs.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | I just looked and you're right.
        
         | mmcdermott wrote:
         | Interesting. I ran the upgrade over lunch on my laptop and it
         | finished pretty quickly (and I say this as I've been
         | considering moving to Arch anyway).
         | 
         | The only complaint I ran into is that I didn't catch the "new
         | release available" message on the upgrade dialog the first time
         | and had to go check again.
        
       | whitepoplar wrote:
       | Does this release allow ZFS-on-root via the server installer?
       | (previous releases allowed ZFS-on-root, but only via the desktop
       | installer)
        
       | aborsy wrote:
       | Over a decade of Ubuntu use, could not be happier!
       | 
       | I remember in 2000s, I had to edit /etc/ text files to set up
       | internet etc. Nowadays everything works out of box. All sorts of
       | peripherals and hardware is recognized automatically. High
       | quality free open source software is available for most stuff I
       | need. The freedom to choose software and customize Linux, if
       | required, is amazing!
       | 
       | Am I missing anything ignoring closed source Windows and MacOS?
        
         | beebmam wrote:
         | For my work PC, I use Ubuntu, period. Too many third party apps
         | just don't work very well outside of the Ubuntu ecosystem, apps
         | which I need in order to function in my workplace.
         | 
         | I'd probably use something like Arch or rolling my own for work
         | if these apps weren't necessary!
        
           | vlod wrote:
           | fyi: There are distros which are fundamentally Ubuntu, like
           | PopOS.
           | 
           | I'm curious if the apps you're talking about are not
           | mainstream.
        
         | vladev wrote:
         | You'll be surprised, but it's RedHat that made most of that
         | happen. A lot of the important Linux projects are developed
         | mostly by them - Gnome, Wayland, NetworkManager, Pipewire,
         | flatpak, etc.
         | 
         | Ubuntu, on the other hand, seem to like to do many things their
         | way. Like aggressive patching. I recall fontconfig being
         | heavily patched from upstream. Then we have Mir (now almost
         | abandoned), Unity (abandoned), snap (flatpak, done differently,
         | not yet abandoned :).
        
           | xiaomai wrote:
           | The fontconfig patches are a big reason I stay with Ubuntu.
           | Fonts look _so_ much better on Ubuntu than Arch/etc.
        
           | eecc wrote:
           | Well:
           | 
           | * NetworkManager is a dumpster fire.
           | 
           | * Wayland is 10 years in the making and it's still barely out
           | of alpha and still missing crucial features such as
           | fractional and consistent scaling.
           | 
           | * Pipewire is a welcome attempt to mitigate another source of
           | grief, Pulse Audio.
           | 
           | * Gnome? Lets not get started...
           | 
           | Please. RedHat has been a boon to the Linux community but
           | it's lack of - how can I put it tactfully - design taste? has
           | stranded the platform into a decades-long quicksand of
           | endless circular reinvention.
        
             | kzrdude wrote:
             | Well, Xorg is also missing fractional and consistent
             | scaling - because there are many bugs with it
        
           | flas9sd wrote:
           | agreed, Redhat developers are behind many foundational
           | packages (longterm thinking?), but I credit Ubuntu with
           | bringing many users into Linux. They continue this with the
           | WSL stuff.. while I see how distribution non-cooperation is
           | difficult, at least the users of Redhat and Ubuntu-derived
           | distributions have vastly more in common than what they
           | differ by.
        
           | nullspace wrote:
           | I get annoyed when I see posts like this with revisionist
           | history.
           | 
           | I can't comment on everything but:
           | 
           | > Unity (abandoned)
           | 
           | You probably don't recall how bad Gnome 3 was initially, and
           | how much better Unity was over Gnome 2. Sure it also had its
           | issues in the beginning, but it took a really long time for
           | Gnome 3 to catch up.
           | 
           | > snap (flatpak, done differently, not yet abandoned :).
           | 
           | I am pretty sure flatpak didn't exist when snap was
           | announced. Or it was around the same time.
           | 
           | Given the above two, I'd place very little credence on the
           | rest of your points. I agree with the Mir situation to some
           | extent, but look at how long wayland has taken to ship.
        
             | michaelmrose wrote:
             | You are absolutely correct that Gnome 3.0 was bad. Even
             | more importantly there isn't anything whatsoever inherently
             | with going your own way. Doing so is ultimately how we end
             | up with a useful marketplace of tools to pick from.
             | 
             | If you stop worrying about the victimless crime of
             | fragmentation neither gnome sucking or the specific
             | sequence of development matters.
             | 
             | For what its worth I think they date from around the same
             | time.
             | 
             | https://launchpad.net/snapcraft/+milestones September 2015
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flatpak September 2015
             | 
             | The larger issue would seem to be that canonical has a
             | habit of betting on losers it ultimately abandons. Snap
             | looks like the next roadkill to me. Far from being
             | universal it will probably never see substantial use
             | outside Ubuntu.
             | 
             | It suggests perhaps that they should exercise better
             | judgement.
        
             | mdp2021 wrote:
             | > _You probably don 't recall how bad Gnome 3 was
             | initially_
             | 
             | I do, and I have never seen its face again since then and
             | the huge upsetting of ruining what worked well, and to
             | create something perverse. And unless it was fixed very
             | recently, it still is, because I just tried `gnome-font-
             | viewer` and there are fades in the interface that cannot
             | seem to be disabled. Unjustifiable. Not just the desktop
             | manager: the paradigm. Dis-functional effects imposed to
             | the user for no reason. And in a context which replaced
             | functions with minimalism.
             | 
             | I am still wondering what caused that stroke of lunacy - at
             | the time, I thought it must had been literally a stroke.
        
               | speedybird wrote:
               | > _I am still wondering what caused that stroke of lunacy
               | - at the time_
               | 
               | Power users have privilege and need to be hobbled; their
               | complaints ignored. The needs of users with the least
               | privilege, the computer illiterate, should be
               | prioritized.
               | 
               | Or something like that.
        
         | midasuni wrote:
         | I moved from Debian teating to Ubuntu on the desktop in 206 as
         | I felt the repos were more uptodate. The last couple of Ubuntu
         | releases have announced me significantly though, netplan and
         | subiquity especially
        
         | imron wrote:
         | > Nowadays everything works out of box.
         | 
         | Except for decent power management on laptops, and certain
         | Bluetooth headsets.
        
           | zarkov99 wrote:
           | PopOS has decent power management.
        
             | tssva wrote:
             | PopOS does slightly better than most distros out of the box
             | on my Thinkpad. Installing tlp greatly improves battery
             | life across all distros I have tried and basically
             | eliminates the advantage PopOS has. Unfortunately compared
             | to this level of improvement I still get about a 30%
             | improvement in battery life using Windows without any
             | tweaking at all.
        
         | underscore_ku wrote:
         | nope
        
         | poisonborz wrote:
         | - About 90% of the (GUI) software ever developed? I'm happy to
         | hear that there are quality Linux alternatives nowadays, but
         | there's just many order of magnitudes more choice on Windows
         | (and far less, but still more on Mac). For a lot of categories,
         | this might change in the next decade (Electron and other cross-
         | platform frameworks, tech like Proton) but for things like
         | media editing or even image viewers, or until there is some
         | tech to seamlessly emulate, this won't be a fight.
         | 
         | - Trivial app portability - I absolutely love the concept of
         | portable Windows software. Have a single folder with
         | configuration and binaries, that can run for sure anywhere
         | (give or take a .Net/VisualC install) - and you can achieve
         | this for 90%+ of all available apps. With a some sync tool it's
         | simple to have the same (as in reproducible/copiable) work
         | environment on many machines (in the context of ad-hoc gui user
         | applications). I know this concept isn't really transferable to
         | Linux (separated locations per app, "just build from source")
         | and there are attempts (Snap) but due to the fractured scene
         | and #1 it's not that practical for end-users.
         | 
         | - Hardware compatibility - cool that you didn't have device
         | issues, but this could be because you just don't use non-
         | mainstream hardware. Even when I did, a lot of special
         | functionality was bound to (Mac/Win) drivers. Sure, not
         | Ubuntu's fault, but still.
         | 
         | I think Ubuntu/Linux success stories are infinitely subjective
         | - what you need as an end-user, how much time or patience you
         | have, or how much you value privacy/lack of telemetry/security.
        
           | nonameiguess wrote:
           | Some of this feels out of date. I've used a fair amount of
           | what seems like obscure peripherals and they've all worked
           | fine for at least a few years. That definitely was _not_ the
           | case in 2008 and desktop Linux was legitimately hell at times
           | back then.
           | 
           | As far as relocatable installs, this is entirely a choice on
           | the part of distro maintainers and a consequence of how the
           | packages are built. They can be built in a way that allows
           | you to put them elsewhere, but it would defeat the purpose of
           | having a package manager. Which makes me wonder, does winget
           | support relocatable installs? I'm sure you can at least
           | understand why Linux distros have chosen to do packaging this
           | way. The killer app for Linux is server installs. It might be
           | perfectly fine to allow users to move around software they've
           | installed after first installing it on a single-user home PC,
           | but it destroys the possibility of automation. A package
           | manager can't know where the software is if it's constantly
           | moving, meaning it can't upgrade or remove it without
           | significant user interaction, which can't possibly scale to
           | data centers full of servers. Different needs for different
           | markets, unfortunately, but to me, even at home, this is an
           | advantage of Linux, because I have many devices.
           | 
           | I guess not being choose between hundreds of media viewers
           | might matter if you're actually a professional media editor
           | or creator, but very people are that. Granted, any
           | professional use of a computer other than making software is
           | going to benefit from Windows. Professional software just
           | targets Windows. That's on the creators of those packages,
           | not the system itself. Whether it's CAD, media editors, the
           | Adobe suite, software teams that charge for use don't like
           | Linux. But they don't like it because people aren't using it.
           | It's a chicken and egg problem.
           | 
           | I'm not sure I actually agree with the ease of adding and
           | moving Windows software, though. One of the big problems is
           | it's often impossible to completely uninstall something.
           | Applications quite frequently drop files all over the place
           | that Windows Installer doesn't know about if it wasn't
           | registered upon installation, and it's even worse if your
           | "installation" doesn't use Windows installer at all and it
           | just you copying an executable file somewhere. Did it leave
           | data in %PROFILE%/LocalLow/AppData, %PROFILE%/Local/AppData,
           | or %PROFILE%/Roaming/AppData, and what the heck is even the
           | difference between those? Where is it putting logs? Where is
           | it expecting config? Without any sort of filesystem hierarchy
           | standard like Linux has, there is no way to know, and systems
           | just gather cruft over the years to the point that common
           | advice is periodically wipe your entire root filesystem and
           | start from scratch.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | Re 2: It's actually gotten a lot better. There exists
           | Flatpak, AppImage, Snapd, and of course Docker on the
           | 'container' front.
           | 
           | A growing number of apps, probably due to Go, are just as you
           | described - a binary you can run anywhere.
           | 
           | I will say, I've been solely a Linux user for almost 20 years
           | now, and still prefer the Windows structure as you described.
           | I like the idea of applications in their own folder, with the
           | binaries and configs and everything just there. In Linux, of
           | course they are divided - confs go here, binaries go here,
           | libraries here. The problem is that -here- isn't well
           | defined. Directions for one distro don't necessarily
           | translate directly to another wrt to locations.
        
           | mdp2021 wrote:
           | > _Trivial app portability_
           | 
           | The "registry" is not an issue anymore?
        
             | poisonborz wrote:
             | A negligible percentage of apps use the registry to store
             | configuration, and even if, when missing, it's not an
             | issue. If absolutely needed, conf can be easily
             | exported/imported on a per app basis. What's far more
             | common is to store stuff in AppData, but that can be synced
             | as well (with a whitelist).
        
         | astrea wrote:
         | video games :(
        
           | midasuni wrote:
           | I wish I had time to play, but transport fever, civ 6 and KSP
           | all seem to work just fine every few months when I get a few
           | hours.
        
           | techrat wrote:
           | Proton.
           | 
           | Play on Linux.
           | 
           | Lutris.
        
             | beefjerkins wrote:
             | Yeah, gaming on Linux has seriously come a long way thanks
             | to the efforts of Valve and the wider community. My main
             | issue with gaming on linux is cloud saves; while it
             | generally will work with Steam, other platforms like GoG
             | have no such capacity, and it's a real drag compared to
             | Windows.
        
           | mmcdermott wrote:
           | Open source game development remains light, but Wine works
           | better now than at any time in the past.
           | 
           | I installed a game that had a Linux release that blew up on
           | ALSA libraries. The ultimate fix was to install the Windows
           | version over Wine.
        
             | gigglesupstairs wrote:
             | Does Steam work in Wine?
        
               | sjustinas wrote:
               | The Steam client works natively on Linux. It ships its
               | own version of Wine, called Proton and many games work
               | well. They are doing lots of work to get the remaining
               | games working in preparation for the launch of Steam
               | Deck.
               | 
               | https://www.protondb.com/
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | Is it still 32bit?
        
               | Mikeb85 wrote:
               | Steam Proton is the way to do it now.
        
               | techrat wrote:
               | From my experience:
               | 
               | Linux > Steam > Proton > Windows Game
               | 
               | works better than
               | 
               | Linux > Wine > Steam > Windows Game
               | 
               | There's really no reason to be running Steam in Wine when
               | Steam runs natively within Linux and Proton does the work
               | for you for each individual game.
        
         | mercurialmaven wrote:
         | In my experience, Ubuntu, or Linux in general, works great on
         | desktops but very poorly on laptops due to lack of hardware and
         | driver support. Not a hardware engineer myself, I think this is
         | because desktop hardware is more standardized while laptop
         | hardware is more proprietary, advanced, and custom-made to
         | different makes and models. My previous job was the first job I
         | had wear a company-supported Linux laptop was even an option. I
         | absolutely loved it, but fully admit it was incredibly
         | difficult to set up and maintain. Most devs continued to use
         | Macbooks.
         | 
         | One specific Linux issue I ran into repeatedly is that Chrome
         | and Chromium by default refuse to trust Linux graphics drivers
         | and instead do software rendering. It turns out, software
         | rendering makes your browser really slow and makes it burn tons
         | of battery when not plugged in. I eventually figured out how to
         | enable most acceleration for Chrome. However, there were
         | several electron apps like Zoom that didn't expose any option
         | to enable hardware acceleration. The zoom desktop app was
         | completely unusable for me on Linux. Instead, I used the
         | browser app exclusively.
         | 
         | Slack was similarly unusable without hardware acceleration but
         | to its credit exposed an option to enable it.
        
           | techrat wrote:
           | > One specific Linux issue I ran into repeatedly is that
           | Chrome and Chromium by default refuse to trust Linux graphics
           | drivers and instead do software rendering.
           | 
           | https://i.imgur.com/u1sKBiu.png
        
             | mercurialmaven wrote:
             | I don't remember the details, but I remember it wasn't
             | nearly as simple as toggling a switch. I remember it
             | involving a mixture of:
             | 
             | * Setting custom startup flags to chrome
             | 
             | * accessing a hidden dev-specific page and turning on
             | acceleration features that were deemed unsupported or
             | experimental.
             | 
             | This page looks related though I don't remember if these
             | exact instructions worked for me or not:
             | https://www.linuxuprising.com/2021/01/how-to-enable-
             | hardware.... I had to do a bunch of research before I
             | arrived at a working solution.
             | 
             | After I enabled these features, my desktop started
             | encountering a problem where I would have to kill and
             | restart the display manager once, and thereafter the
             | display manager would occasionally hang and I'd have to
             | restart it.
             | 
             | It was manageable with a few days research and technical
             | skill, but it's not the kind of thing you would expect most
             | people to put up with.
             | 
             | Another thing to note, Chrome's software renderer didn't
             | seem to play well with my skylake? integrated graphics. Not
             | only was it slow, but buggy with screen tearing and other
             | visual artifacts. So I had to get acceleration working so
             | my browser would both render properly and be reasonably
             | responsive and performant.
        
         | techrat wrote:
         | Anecdotal but no less amusing: I upgraded my desktop and used
         | the extra parts to rebuild my Windows 10 system, the nearly
         | cutting edge hardware on the newly rebuilt main desktop all
         | worked when I reinstalled xUbuntu 20.04 on the new SSD.
         | 
         | The hand me down parts, while not ancient, were still old
         | enough that I had expected Windows 10 to be able to support it
         | when I installed it on the SSD for that machine. Wifi and
         | Webcam both did not work after Windows finished installing and
         | detecting hardware/updating.
         | 
         | Windows 10 later decided to reboot my system, unprompted, when
         | I still had a project file open in Premiere.
         | 
         | How far Linux has come is honestly refreshing. How long Windows
         | has continued to have absolute dealbreaker issues is
         | astounding.
        
         | beefjerkins wrote:
         | Out of interest, have you tried other distributions? Perhaps
         | Debian based like Linux Mint / Pop OS, or others like Manjaro?
         | 
         | What keeps you using Ubuntu after all these years?
        
           | techrat wrote:
           | Mint and Pop are still Ubuntu based, not to ignore the Debian
           | underpinnings of Ubuntu.
           | 
           | I've stuck with xUbuntu because it seems to be the most sane
           | of the bunch when it comes to defaults and preinstalled
           | software. Once installed, it does a good job of staying out
           | of my way UI wise.
        
           | PetahNZ wrote:
           | For me, because Ubuntu just works for everything I need it
           | to. So I have not found the need to try a different distro.
        
           | Mikeb85 wrote:
           | I've personally tried some of those. Ubuntu simply works. I
           | hate most of their defaults, most add bugs, Ubuntu is what
           | most cloud providers use if you're a dev, every software
           | provider targets Ubuntu if they target Linux, and so on.
           | 
           | You can install Ubuntu and it'll work. Easy. No other distro
           | I've tried (Fedora, Suse, Manjaro, Mint, Mageia) is as easy.
        
           | underscore_ku wrote:
           | Mint and Pop are Ubuntu based
        
       | underscore_ku wrote:
       | my favorite distro
        
       | mindwok wrote:
       | Ubuntu isn't perfect, but as someone who has used Linux as a
       | daily desktop driver for the last 3 years or so, I think it's the
       | best we've got (including downstream derivatives like Pop and
       | Mint). Its release cadence seems to be in the sweet spot between
       | 'bleeding edge and may break things' like Fedora and Arch, and
       | 'too slow for a developers desktop' like Debian. I think for the
       | Linux desktop role, it still manages to edge out the other
       | distros.
        
       | airstrike wrote:
       | I loved Ubuntu around 2007-2009 or so. Nowdays it feels like
       | there are plenty of alternative distros that "just work" without
       | so many of the idiosyncratic stuff canonical keeps dumping into
       | what used to be "debian for the masses"
       | 
       |  _> As Linux evangelist Mark Pilgrim once quipped, Ubuntu  "is an
       | ancient African word meaning 'can't install Debian'"._
       | 
       | https://www.theregister.com/2009/02/16/debian_lenny_review/
        
         | Octabrain wrote:
         | I've seen that quote so many times used in forums and I find it
         | annoyingly condescending. Actually I think that kind of
         | attitudes are one of the worst things in the linux community in
         | general. Anyways, I used to stupidly joke back saying that
         | "Debian is a code word that means: no relevant contribution to
         | the linux ecosystem for the last 15 years".
        
         | reilly3000 wrote:
         | I'm a long time Ubuntu user and haven't really shopped for
         | other distros. Any recommendations besides Debian?
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | I like Fedora.
        
           | y4mi wrote:
           | Fedora, Arch. You can basically look for any popular distro,
           | they're all working very well if you're not entirely out of
           | your depth wrt Linux
        
             | shams93 wrote:
             | Yeah I switched to Fedora recently, with pipewire setup by
             | default its really easy to get great audio performance out
             | of the box, I used to have to build custom kernels for
             | jackd.
        
             | zamalek wrote:
             | Agreed. I've done a lot of Ubuntu and Arch. Arch is
             | fantastic. I recently have been trying out Fedora and I
             | have been enjoying it a lot.
        
           | petre wrote:
           | openSuSE Leap is nice if you don't have anything against
           | rpms. Upgrades just work and the distribution has an 18 month
           | support window. The packages are pretty polished too. We're
           | currently using that and Debian and also Ubuntu 18 on the
           | developer workstations, which we'll switch to Debian 11.
        
           | skinkestek wrote:
           | KDE Neon. Based on Ubuntu but with a UI built by and for
           | actual users, not a UI built by experts for grandmothers.
        
           | dudus wrote:
           | Manjaro seems pretty popular now. It's based in Arch with
           | rolling releases and everything but gives a good experience
           | out of the box while Arch is a full time job to maintain
        
             | e-v wrote:
             | > Arch is a full time job to maintain
             | 
             | I've never understood that sentiment. Are there things I
             | don't know about I should be doing?
             | 
             | I installed Arch probably four years ago on my laptop, and
             | have never had to do anything but install updates and read
             | the announcements on archlinux.org since.
             | 
             | I do understand the appeal of Manjaro - I did use it
             | briefly when it first came out - but I don't see how
             | maintaining Arch Linux would appear as being particularly
             | complicated. I literally don't do anything with it I
             | wouldn't do with any other OS.
        
           | zarkov99 wrote:
           | PopOS. Ubuntu with better power management and a tilling WM.
        
           | n8cpdx wrote:
           | If you want to use a multitouch trackpad fluently, Elementary
           | is is the only game in town. It has macOS-level support which
           | is pretty cool.
        
             | djbusby wrote:
             | How do they get it? Can't those tools also work in Debian
             | or Gentoo? What's the magic sauce? Kernel patches?
        
           | josephg wrote:
           | I've been really happy with Mint. It's based on Ubuntu
           | internally, but it feels light and fast.
        
           | tclst wrote:
           | If you like (or are okay with) GNOME, I'd recommend giving
           | Fedora a try.
           | 
           | Been using for a few years now and it has been the closest
           | thing to "set up and forget" to me (I needed to install some
           | codecs to play H.264/HEVC video). Painless upgrades, decent
           | software catalog... It has been extremely reliable. Highly
           | recommend it.
        
           | int_19h wrote:
           | Mint is arguably better at being what Ubuntu was originally
           | intended to be. And is still based on Ubuntu, so all your mad
           | apt-get skills still apply, the packages are readily
           | available etc.
        
             | kd913 wrote:
             | Ubuntu is a commercial distro. They have their own infra,
             | they have their own security team, they have large amounts
             | of reliable funding and contracts.
             | 
             | Mint is worked by a few people, had several large security
             | flaws including not distributing security updates timely.
             | They had issues in the past with their ISO being hacked.
             | 
             | I can empathize with the whole mint, small time dev-base
             | stuff. It just doesn't make sense to me compared with just
             | going straight ubuntu + cinnamon.
        
         | Chyzwar wrote:
         | If anything, Cannonical is aligning with mainstream in recent
         | years: upstart -> systemd, unity -> gnome, mir -> wayland
         | 
         | New things that are Canonical specific are netplan and snap. I
         | think snap is solving software packaging in Linux. If anything,
         | I wish that snap brand stores were more affordable.
        
           | michaelmrose wrote:
           | It would seem that snap brand stores are essentially hosted
           | private repos something one could do for Ubuntu for as little
           | as $5 a month. Why not just use those?
        
           | Zardoz84 wrote:
           | Use flatpack
        
             | app4soft wrote:
             | Use AppImage + firejail (optionally, to fully sandbox
             | AppImage)
        
               | xiaomai wrote:
               | I want to like AppImage, but it is just unreasonable that
               | there is no built-in way to trivially install a .desktop
               | file for a given AppImage I've downloaded.
        
               | handrous wrote:
               | I've tried AppImage, Flatpack, and Snap, and AppImage is
               | the only one that approaches tolerable.
        
           | nsonha wrote:
           | what's wrong with snap? is it that it needs a deamon?
        
           | c7DJTLrn wrote:
           | Still dumping snapd into their server distro for some reason
           | though.
        
         | rakoo wrote:
         | As someone who left Ubuntu at Hardy Heron (8.04), what are the
         | problems with Ubuntu these days ? I know they tried to do
         | desktop differently but failed to convince other distros and
         | projects to change paradigms but it seems to me they are back
         | to more common infrastructure now.
        
         | notatoad wrote:
         | Assuming I don't really give a crap about what mechanism is
         | used to update Firefox, and just want a browser that works,
         | what am I missing out on by sticking with Ubuntu?
         | 
         | It's always been my OS of choice because I don't really care
         | about my OS. Is there another distro that is similarly easy for
         | me to get up and running With current versions of Firefox,
         | chrome, vscode, and docker, and on whatever random hardware I
         | happen to have available?
        
         | JonathanBeuys wrote:
         | Debian has a strange approach to security these days.
         | 
         | There are over 100 unpatched vurnurabilities in their version
         | of Chromium for example:
         | 
         | https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/status/release/s...
         | 
         | Because of this, I don't see debian as an option for the
         | Desktop anymore.
         | 
         | I _hope_ they still fix the server software in their repos.
        
           | hjek wrote:
           | Looks like all the CVEs are fixed in Debian Sid at least.
           | 
           | Edit: Not _all,_ apparently. The whole bottom of that
           | Chromium CVE list is still unfixed in Bookworm /Sid.
        
             | beermonster wrote:
             | Which makes a good case for rolling release distros. Not
             | that Sid is released but things tend to get fixed upstream
             | quickly and there's less lag than both testing and stable.
             | 
             | The flip side is stuff breaks more regularly of course.
        
           | beermonster wrote:
           | Check how many vulnerable packages they have against their
           | stable release across all packages and how long until they're
           | fixed. It's an eye opener.
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | I guess a few volunteers can't backport security fixes to
             | _all software in the world_ after all.
        
               | beermonster wrote:
               | Indeed they can't. So don't depend on that.
        
           | NGRhodes wrote:
           | How many of those vulnerabilities have patches available ?
        
             | jeroenhd wrote:
             | From what I can tell, the problem with these packages is
             | that the security fixes need to be backported into earlier
             | versions of packages because upstream fixed them in major
             | version releases.
             | 
             | Chromium 90 does not contain all security fixes found in
             | Chromium 93 so there are tons of CVEs open on Debian
             | systems still rocking Chromium 90.
             | 
             | Most packages have fixes available but Debian doesn't have
             | the manpower to backport every single security fix for
             | every single package. This is a result of the way their
             | project is structured: they guarantee that no major
             | software updates happen within Debian releases, helping you
             | get a completely stable system, but that comes at the cost
             | of an incredible amount of work for the Debian maintainers.
             | 
             | Debian chooses to modify or repackage upstream versions for
             | compatibility or branding purposes (to the ire of many open
             | source developers, like notably that guy that made
             | XScreenSaver. I'd link to his rant about it, but his
             | website shows some angry rant when HN is in the referer
             | header...) That means that maintainers still need to do
             | manual work even when upstream has already provided them
             | with a fix for the latest version supported in Debian.
             | 
             | This is why I prefer to run packages from repositories
             | maintained by the developers themselves rather than relying
             | on Debian's maintainers. The risk of needing to update
             | config or check for breaking changes is much higher, but
             | the security risk and patch cycle length is much lower.
             | Even for browsers that release actively-abused 0day patches
             | it can take up to a day or longer for some distributions to
             | update their packages.
        
           | Scarbutt wrote:
           | Is this a 'chromium is not a priority because google' ?
           | 
           | Or maybe lack of resources and the maintainer needs help.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Probably google. Chromium has made the decision to bundle
             | all their dependencies instead of play nice with system
             | libraries. Which means you either need to re-roll all of
             | chromium when something is found, or you need to undo
             | google's efforts. I don't blame distributions for refusing
             | to give chromium poor support - it is intentionally not
             | playing nice.
        
               | IshKebab wrote:
               | Yeah because when your software is at the scale of
               | Chrome, "playing nice" with system libraries as you put
               | it means your software is unreliable, difficult to debug
               | and reason about. You want as few unbundled dependencies
               | as possible.
        
               | matja wrote:
               | Is that the case for all distros? For Arch I see only
               | libEGL/libGLESv2 are bundled, every other library is an
               | external dependancy:
               | https://archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/chromium/
        
       | TekMol wrote:
       | The one thing that I don't like about Ubuntu is that you don't
       | have a taskbar.
       | 
       | It is such a productivity boost to see a list of all windows and
       | their titles.
       | 
       | And it let's me organize my work much better when I can organize
       | this list by changing the order of the buttons.
       | 
       | Is anybody here using Ubuntu with a taskbar?
        
         | forgotmypw17 wrote:
         | I recommend you try LXDE or Xfce with Ubuntu or any other
         | distro. They are the closest I've used to "just clone Windows
         | 95 with a few enhancements and leave it alone", which I like.
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | No premade flavor for it, but icewm is great at this.
        
           | pjungwir wrote:
           | An easy way to get xfce is with the Xubuntu distribution.
           | I've run that since 14.04, or maybe longer. I get all the
           | benefits of Ubuntu with a lot less UI churn.
           | 
           | If you already have an Ubuntu box, you can also install the
           | `xfce` package or do this:                   sudo add-apt-
           | repository ppa:xubuntu-dev/staging         sudo apt update
           | sudo apt install xubuntu-desktop
        
         | mikeywazowski wrote:
         | I agree, and can't understand how people manage without
         | something like this.
         | 
         | I'm pretty sure the `dash to panel` Gnome extension does what
         | you want: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1160/dash-to-
         | panel/
         | 
         | From memory, it can be configured to show the window titles
         | instead of just the icons, like the screenshot at the bottom of
         | this page:
         | https://linuxhint.com/create_two_panel_layout_gnome_shell_us...
        
         | mdp2021 wrote:
         | Horizontal bar, with icon and title, for the windows open in
         | the current desktop; vertical bar, with bigger icon, for the
         | windows from all desktops.
        
         | ProAm wrote:
         | What do you mean? Mine has a taskbar from default install.
         | Which window manager are you using?
        
           | TekMol wrote:
           | What do you mean by "What do you mean?"?
           | 
           | I don't know which window manager. I just use Ubuntus
           | defaults. It looks like this:
           | 
           | https://ubuntu.com/wp-
           | content/uploads/a728/2020-04-23-13.05....
        
             | outworlder wrote:
             | That is a launcher + taskbar. Open an app, it will show
             | that the app is open. Open a new app, it will show there.
             | Similar to the OSX dock.
        
               | TekMol wrote:
               | Yes. I have been using it for a few weeks now and it
               | sucks.
               | 
               | Because it does not show the titles of all open windows.
               | 
               | And I cannot organize the entries as I wish.
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | It's great for tablets, though
               | 
               | /s
        
               | ProAm wrote:
               | Switch window managers and you'll be able to do that.
        
             | Isthatablackgsd wrote:
             | Desktop Environments is what they meant (GNOME, Unity,
             | other variants).
             | 
             | If your desktop look like similarly to the image you
             | posted, the soft black vertical bar on the far left side of
             | the screen is the taskbar. I think you are using Unity as
             | your DE which is default DE for Ubuntu.
             | 
             | You can change to different DE if Unity is not your liking.
             | There is a couple variants you can use, you can find them
             | in the package manager and install it from there.
        
               | TekMol wrote:
               | I thought the vertical left bar is a "dock".
               | 
               | It does not display the titles of the open windows and
               | does not let me arrange the entries. That are the two
               | problems I described.
               | 
               | It feels like this is meant to be used on a mobile device
               | rather than on a desktop. On a desktop it makes me way
               | less productive compared to a normal taskbar.
        
               | Isthatablackgsd wrote:
               | It is the same thing, all OS taskbar does not always
               | behave similarly. That is Unity DE unfortunately, they
               | are trying to "Fisher-Price" everything in there.
               | 
               | If you want a better taskbar/dock, try different DE and
               | see how you like it.
        
               | SahAssar wrote:
               | Unity is no longer the default DE, Ubuntu uses Gnome3.
               | Unity has not been the default since before 18.04.
        
             | ProAm wrote:
             | As others have mentioned it looks like like you are using
             | the default Window Manager. You can install others that
             | will provide a more familiar taskbar for you (that is a
             | taskbar on the left of your screenshot). I've like LXDE and
             | XFCE in the past, Im currently using KDE + Plasma, its only
             | been a couple weeks so Im still learning it but might
             | switch to another. Long story short you can definitely find
             | a taskbar that will meet your needs for Ubuntu.
        
       | veeblevee wrote:
       | I love Ubuntu but maybe not snaps so much.
        
         | epage wrote:
         | Had been with Ubuntu for so long but some problems with snaps
         | finally drove me away from it. For now, I'm using Mint due to
         | familiarity without snaps but flirted with "user friendly" Arch
         | derivatives (had problems with both) and NixOS (got tired of
         | specializing in a programming language just to use my OS and
         | ran into some problems I couldn't find a solution to.)
        
           | Chyzwar wrote:
           | I had no issues with snaps. If anything, I wish more
           | userspace software is provided via snap packages.
        
             | mixmastamyk wrote:
             | The problem with snap is not the software selection, but
             | how obnoxious it is on the system.
        
       | reilly3000 wrote:
       | It's great to see continued work on Nvidia GPU virtualization. A
       | few years ago it was a monsterous challenge.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | I love Ubuntu. But I wish their package manager supported "undo".
        
         | outworlder wrote:
         | You could use the Nix package manager with Ubuntu. Not ideal,
         | but maybe it helps your use-case.
         | 
         | https://ariya.io/2020/05/nix-package-manager-on-ubuntu-or-de...
        
       | vasergen wrote:
       | My setup for last 3 years is Ubuntu with i3wm (gaps) and NIX as a
       | package manager. I keep Ubuntu as it is, just upgrade OS packages
       | from time to time. All custom setup goes to nix package manager.
       | This way I have more flexibility there and up to date tools that
       | I use. I have all dependencies in a repo, so can quickly spin-up
       | the same desktop environment in another computer if needed, as an
       | example I do it between my personal and work laptop. This is
       | preatty handy and I don't feel any difference switching between
       | computers.
        
         | schaefer wrote:
         | Any chance your repo is public? Care to share a URL? I'm just
         | getting curious about Nix, and would love to see this specific
         | use case in the wild.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | Then why not just go full nixos?
        
       | zmk5 wrote:
       | Updated a bit ago and it is a fantastic release so far. Yaru is
       | very mature by now and the speed improvements for animations in
       | Gnome 40 are very evident.
        
       | encryptluks2 wrote:
       | After using Ubuntu for a couple years, I switched to Arch and
       | never even think about going back. Ubuntu is great for people new
       | to Linux, but it is like buying a new PC. Some people know very
       | little about computers, so they just get an HP or Dell. Then once
       | you start learning about graphics cards, SSDs, cooling,
       | processors, etc... You either build your own or buy one with the
       | components you actually want. That is why I use Arch.
        
         | seiferteric wrote:
         | What is so great about Arch? Is it just gentoo for the younger
         | generation? I used to use gentoo and build all my own stuff,
         | but I just don't care about that anymore and want it to just
         | work. That's why I use Ubuntu after using Linux for 20 years :)
        
           | mateuszf wrote:
           | It's a DIY KISS distro, but with a lot less building packages
           | from source like on Gentoo. And with systemd as default which
           | to me is a benefit.
        
           | saghm wrote:
           | Arch has a lot of the flexibility of Gentoo (no default
           | desktop/window manager/network software/etc., very small
           | minimal install) but binary packages (with pacman, a package
           | manager that many prefer to apt/yum), as well as the optional
           | but very enticing AUR, which is essentially a first-party
           | hosting of third-party packages (kind of like a one-stop shop
           | for PPAs, if you're used to those). Arguably, the only strong
           | opinion Arch holds is defaulting to systemd; you _can_
           | replace it, but it's a lot of work and a lot of the package
           | in the main repo won't work as-is if you do.
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | "the most productive environment for cloud-native developers and
       | AI/ML innovators across the desktop, devices and cloud."
       | 
       | Whoever wrote this phrase checked all the boxes in the buzzword
       | list.
        
       | blacksmith_tb wrote:
       | Some discussion here[1] already.
       | 
       | 1: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28864458
        
       | lordofgibbons wrote:
       | A lot of negativity in this thread.
       | 
       | I've been using Ubuntu for about 10 years and is my favorite
       | distro after trying a few others. I went through the whole distro
       | hoping thing and using Arch to set up everything just the way I
       | wanted phase, and while very fun & educational, it isn't good for
       | getting things done.
       | 
       | Ubuntu just works and let's me be productive with things I care
       | about.
       | 
       | Thank you Ubuntu team!
        
         | themodelplumber wrote:
         | Same, getting close to 20 years of use here and I keep coming
         | back to it.
         | 
         | Big thanks to the team and community. I'll see if I can read a
         | Full Circle again soon. :-)
        
       | beermonster wrote:
       | I think 20.04 LTS with its 10 years support separates it from the
       | crowd. As soon as you're updating every nine months there are
       | many great alternatives however.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | 10 year support is great for servers and "set it up once" type
         | setups - but soon enough the libraries provided begin to be out
         | of date, and you end up hacking things in.
         | 
         | It was a problem on CentOS before it died the death, anything
         | remotely PHPish was always really unhappy.
        
           | Tsiklon wrote:
           | The IUS Repo did much in the way of solving PHP Hell on
           | RHEL(type) machines.
        
       | jzer0cool wrote:
       | I had rotated a lot "pre-ubuntu" trying to discover a
       | distribution that works a decade+ before. It was always trying to
       | get the video card (at high res) and wifi dongle to work.
       | 
       | Ubuntu just worked out of the box and I was very happy with that.
       | So. Cool. The magic was also the boot live install that also
       | worked. It really was magical.
       | 
       | I am using Ubuntu on desktop and a mac via VM now which is also
       | good performance (no need to dual boot), so I think tech in
       | general has come a long way.
       | 
       | ===
       | 
       | Thought someone might be able to help here with something on my
       | mind: 1) smooth mousepad scroll? 2) able to utilize multiple
       | "desktops" (ie: swipe to different desktop). the mac seems to
       | captures the vm as a single application so I can't get multiple
       | desktops other than within the guest vm on a single screen.
        
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       (page generated 2021-10-14 23:01 UTC)