[HN Gopher] Good leaders know you can't fight reality
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       Good leaders know you can't fight reality
        
       Author : adrian_mrd
       Score  : 78 points
       Date   : 2021-10-08 17:12 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (hbr.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (hbr.org)
        
       | joe_the_user wrote:
       | Here, "reality" is just shorthand for "what you can't fight". So
       | if you can fight it, it wasn't really reality, now was it?
       | 
       | Determining whether a given situation can be changed or just
       | needs to be accepted is a difficult challenge, one where there's
       | not absolute formulas.
       | 
       | The main thing in these discussions is bosses or higher bosses
       | tend to demand results regardless of the challenge of a
       | situation. And oppositely, underlings often ask constantly for
       | exceptions. So the _word_ "reality" is great as rhetoric for
       | justifying those things you can't or just don't want to change.
       | Which to say all this discussion about _how things should be
       | framed_ and very little is  "reality-reality", how the world is,
       | since that's complex and difficult to be certain of. IE, saying
       | "that's just reality" a good tactic to get out of tough binds.
        
         | ironmagma wrote:
         | Another way to say it is that leaders know what to fight and
         | what not to fight. This is why doers will always be the best
         | leaders; what better way to know what's reasonable in a
         | practice than by practicing it yourself?
        
         | lisper wrote:
         | A better way to phrase it would have been: "You cannot bend
         | reality to your will simply by denying that it is what it is at
         | the moment." (c.f. the manager who bellowed "I will not accept
         | this forecast!") But that's not nearly as catchy a slogan as
         | "you can't fight reality" notwithstanding that the latter is,
         | as you point out, a vacuous tautology. For better or worse,
         | part of current reality is that people are more attracted to
         | catchy slogans than to nuanced truths, and so choosing to use
         | the slogan is actually an example of employing the underlying
         | advice.
        
         | atoav wrote:
         | _" Reality is that which, when you stop believing in it,
         | doesn't go away."_
         | 
         | -- Philip K. Dick, I Hope I Shall Arrive Soon
        
       | jfengel wrote:
       | Sure you can. Maybe not forever, but for a really long time. At
       | least long enough for you to turn a serious profit and get out.
       | 
       | As the saying goes, the market can remain irrational longer than
       | you can remain solvent. TFA isn't really about markets, but the
       | same principle applies. People aren't rational, and can deny
       | reality indefinitely.
       | 
       | The reckoning comes eventually, but even when it does, it's
       | almost always messy and unclear. You're practically never forced
       | to admit that you're wrong, even if it's obvious.
       | 
       | Going with reality is the safe bet. But real winners, and real
       | leaders, can look for an edge by skirting the safe bet. Maybe
       | reality will slam them in the face for it, but it may not. If it
       | always did, we wouldn't have to write articles about it.
        
         | bopbeepboop wrote:
         | Also!
         | 
         | That same reality warping ability is necessary for a company:
         | 
         | The truth is no five people with a less than $1M are impressive
         | as they are, so you _need_ to sell that vision. And you need to
         | sell at the next rounds of funding. Okay, now you're all grown
         | up -- but your leaders are accustomed to that mindset.
         | 
         | And when you're mature, you _need_ to sell the workforce on a
         | vision of the world as it could be. If you can't imagine a
         | different world and believe it, you won't make an iPhone.
         | 
         | The secret sauce of being a good leader is balancing the
         | reality as-it-is with as-it-could-be.
         | 
         | I think like many healthy-but-complex behaviors this dreaming
         | can go really wrong when abused or with comorbidities (eg,
         | narcissistic CEO).
        
         | bobthechef wrote:
         | > People aren't rational
         | 
         | People are rational by nature, but they can either choose
         | irrationality because pride stands in the way of accepting the
         | truth, or because of some mental defect or error.
         | 
         | > Going with reality is the safe bet. But real winners, and
         | real leaders, can look for an edge by skirting the safe bet.
         | Maybe reality will slam them in the face for it, but it may
         | not. If it always did, we wouldn't have to write articles about
         | it.
         | 
         | No idea what you're claiming here with this mumbo jumbo.
         | Reality is nonnegotiable. It's already here. It doesn't consult
         | with us. You can't skirt it because it is the case. What you
         | can do is skirt something undesirable by acknowledging that
         | things as they are are headed in the direction of the
         | undesirable and change course, or repair after you've gotten
         | into a undesirable place.
        
           | LocalH wrote:
           | Sure, reality is objective. But that's not what we perceive.
           | We perceive reality as filtered through our psyche. No human
           | has ever perceived objective reality, and none ever will.
        
           | alexpetralia wrote:
           | Much of what we call "reality" is really just social
           | consensus, and thus is liable to negotiation and
           | redefinition.
        
         | kaiju0 wrote:
         | This is perfectly shown through We Work with Adam Neumann. He
         | pushed bullshit for a very long time. Then ran out before the
         | collapse came. By defying reality he won.
        
           | peakaboo wrote:
           | All companies currently pushing the "we are family" culture
           | are doing exactly what he did. Making dumb employees work
           | harder because they feel their life purpose is to help the
           | company.
        
             | Nasrudith wrote:
             | The most honest form of roughly "we are family" I have seen
             | is a maintained social contract of avoiding layoffs but a
             | relatively stagnant base salary. A trade of stability for
             | worse rates.
        
         | mokss wrote:
         | You dont get it. Leaders are people who dont get out.
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | I think a better way of phrasing this might be "Don't believe
         | your own bullshit." Fighting reality can be an effective
         | _tactic_ , particularly if by distorting reality, you make the
         | reality you want to exist come about. But you should _know this
         | is what you 're doing_. Understand the risks you're taking and
         | what has to go from bullshit to reality to make your larger
         | vision come true.
         | 
         | A lot of leaders sink because they mistake their vision for the
         | world, and then block out uncomfortable information that they
         | really need to pay attention to in order to make their vision
         | come true.
        
         | hungryforcodes wrote:
         | There's a book in there somewhere...
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | The book's title is _Bad Blood_ , and it describes Theranos
           | in close personal detail.
        
         | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
         | Agreed. The 'fake it till you make it' is a saying for a
         | reason. My favorite example is Tesla, where Musk himself
         | eventually agreed they almost went bankrupt at one point. It is
         | a fascinating lesson in perception, but I am not sure it is a
         | good one.
        
       | jterrys wrote:
       | Hmm. The article is a fluff piece about not being an asshole.
       | (And not leading like Stalin i.e getting rid of everyone that
       | brings any negative news)
       | 
       | That being said, the author is a consultant for large cap
       | corporations with rigid cost structures and well defined business
       | plans. I mention this because this forum is primarily startup
       | focused. You always need some amount of err, "hopium" to struggle
       | through the initial phases. Accepting reality isn't necessarily
       | in your best interests. Businesses have different life cycles,
       | the growth phase compared to the mature/sunsetting phase of a
       | business are vastly different. The author is a consultant that
       | has worked primarily on the latter.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | BatFastard wrote:
       | Stress is your resistance to reality.
        
       | jeffrallen wrote:
       | In humanitarian aid security management, you take rumors
       | seriously, as a reflection of the reality "the street" dictates.
       | 
       | I've been in a situation where staff was worried that a currency
       | was going to be devalued, and "word on the street" was that there
       | could be trouble after pay day if pay was in the wrong currency.
       | My country financial controller made a quick decision: we don't
       | pay in that currency, we pay in the one "the street" believes is
       | safe. It didn't change anything for us as an employer, just kept
       | our staff safe by being on the "right side" of reality. We left
       | it to the embassy and national bank to fight the (losing) war
       | trying to prop up confidence in the currency.
        
       | jokoon wrote:
       | A very important fallacy to remember is the just world
       | hypothesis.
       | 
       | A thriving civilization brought democracy, the republic and free
       | speech which allowed many improvements in society.
       | 
       | But civilization has improved so much, and religion has really
       | taught us the world should be fair, we still have good vs evil
       | ingrained in our thought system.
       | 
       | Evil is completely natural, so you can't bring progress if people
       | refuse to investigate where there's evil.
       | 
       | When people are really able to understand the world is unfair by
       | definition, and that fairness is the exception and not the rule,
       | everything becomes much easier.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | The "Just-world hypothesis" is a fallacy on the individual
         | level. On a societal level it is pretty close to the truth
         | though. People want an unfair society and that is what they
         | get, ironic isn't it?
         | 
         | It should be renamed justly unjust world hypothesis.
        
       | bobthechef wrote:
       | I'm shocked by this article. If it has wide appeal, then it is a
       | condemnation of ALL OF US. Those who do not accept things as they
       | are when they know what they are are living in denial. Is that
       | not obviously bad? It should be. Even if you are in denial about
       | something, you should at least know that what you're doing is
       | bad.
       | 
       | The four cardinal virtue begin with prudence, and prudence
       | presupposes humility. What is humility (the real meaning, not the
       | common counterfeit meaning of false modesty)? It is a
       | habitualized disposition to readily accept truth when you see it,
       | without that inner rebellion and refusal to accept what doesn't
       | conform to your desires. That habit puts you in alignment with
       | reality which allow for prudence which is the ability to make
       | good decisions based the prevailing reality you find yourself in.
       | With prudence, it is possible to be just; with justice,
       | courageous; with courage, temperate.
       | 
       | The absence of humility is pride, a rebellious and frankly
       | infantile attitude toward the truth because it's not what you
       | want. It is insanity achieved through immorality and the very
       | basis for all immoral acts.
       | 
       | With the pervasiveness of belief in subjectivist "narratives",
       | constructivist thinking, indifference to the truth
       | (characteristic of bullshitters), and all sorts of stupid New
       | Age-y superstitions that revolve around the preposterous notion
       | that you can create your own reality, I am not surprised the
       | obvious needs to be stated.
       | 
       | To place truth above all things, above ourselves even, and our
       | conformity to it, are our moral obligation and essential to the
       | good life. If your car is headed toward a cliff, imagining you're
       | in an airplane won't save you from the fall, and it won't help
       | lashing out at those who warn you of where you're headed.
        
       | 627467 wrote:
       | If only reality was easily known...
        
       | svilen_dobrev wrote:
       | What were the 5 stages in the All that jazz movie...
       | 
       | found it: https://wiki.c2.com/?FiveStagesOfGrief
       | 
       | Denial - Anger - Bargaining - Depression - Acceptance
        
       | marktangotango wrote:
       | One thing I've noticed is that the perception of reality varies
       | by scope of the viewer. An example I've lived a few years ago;
       | from a high level (c-suite) an acquisition can have subsidiarys
       | that aren't aligned with the main business and will never meet
       | the profit margin required. Thus if the low margin subsidiary
       | loses customers and whithers away, it's not really a big deal. In
       | fact it's probably favorable to the bottom line for the
       | subsidiary to do the bare minimum to keep the lights on. Ideally
       | the subsidiary can be sold or spun off. Sometimes that's not
       | possible.
       | 
       | I lived the smaller scope as a software development manager in
       | the subsidiary. Merit increases were minimal or non existent,
       | annual layoffs were normal. My peers were passionate about the
       | customers and continuing to support them even though it was clear
       | from the C-level actions they cared nothing for the business. At
       | my level there was a lot of anguish and consternation about the
       | customers and business. As expected, the subsidiary started
       | seeing a lot resignation as the most experienced people left,
       | accelerating the decline. My team saw 75% attrition in 6 months.
       | Customers started leaving.
       | 
       | The old saying "perception is reality" has some bearing here. I
       | still ask myself, is this not the outcome the executive sought in
       | this situation? I personally believe it was, no one could be that
       | incompetent, could they?
        
         | PeterisP wrote:
         | This could very well be a calculated decision. It's well known
         | in financial management how product lines develop in general
         | and how you manage their lifecycle profitably; most product
         | lines aren't forever, some of your products will be at a
         | investment stage (expenses with a calculation of future profit
         | extraction), for many there's a growth stage where you reinvest
         | profits to gain revenue, there's a stable running stage where
         | you get some sustainable margins, and there's often an
         | extraction/"milking" stage with intentional unsustainably high
         | margins - one well-known way to shut down a product is to milk
         | it until death while starving it of any resources. In quite a
         | few (though not nearly all) cases that is the most profitable
         | way of closing down a product line for which you don't think a
         | long-term future is profitable; you cut expenses so that you
         | extract at least some profits out of the inertia as opposed to
         | running at near-zero profits until it eventually dies anyway.
         | 
         | It would certainly be incompetent to just keep investing in all
         | declining product lines; it's a valid business strategy to buy
         | (or build) a product with no long-term future and extract as
         | much as you can before it collapses - the point of the business
         | is not to sustain/operate products as long as possible, but to
         | extract as much profit as possible from those products. Extra
         | investment in a declining product might make the product last,
         | say, two years longer - but will those last two years be
         | _profitable_ enough (as opposed to just self-sustaining) to
         | repay that investment? Business always has to take care to not
         | fall for the sunk cost fallacy.
        
       | cryptica wrote:
       | Good leaders may know you can't fight realty but the the best
       | leaders know how to create a new reality.
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | The trouble is, everyone has a different opinion on what reality
       | is.
        
       | ajb wrote:
       | So much. It's so frustrating to work under someone who fights
       | reality.
       | 
       | Effective leaders may be enormously determined, but they can
       | still factually assess the details of the situation in order to
       | understand what needs to change in order to change reality. Where
       | a "reality distortion field" becomes a problem is when it
       | undermines the leaders ability to observe and orient to the
       | situation.
       | 
       | At the best of times a leader is at risk of setting up a
       | situation where they are told what they want to hear. A CEO can
       | always find someone willing to tell them "yes". It requires self
       | discipline to avoid this pitfall, and it also requires judgement
       | - sometimes your staff do develop tunnel vision and another voice
       | is required.
       | 
       | This is not easy. The article paints a good picture of the
       | problem, but doesn't really offer much in the way of actionable
       | solutions.
        
       | kordlessagain wrote:
       | Now if only everyone would stop inviting their own reality we
       | would have it made!
        
         | mistermann wrote:
         | If people didn't imagine their own reality, what then are they
         | to believe? "Real" reality? Which one?
        
       | spaetzleesser wrote:
       | "You can't defeat reality" has been my favorite line with some
       | managers lately. I have been in plenty of planning meetings where
       | somebody declared that something needs to be done by end of month
       | or the world will go under. When you point out to them that X,Y
       | and Z need to be done before that and historically they never got
       | done in under six weeks they just don't accept it. Of course
       | things don't get done by end of month, the world doesn't go under
       | and the same thing will happen again with the next project.
       | 
       | I find it really tiring to not being able to have an honest
       | conversation with leaders. There are probably plenty of things
       | that can be improved but first you need to accept reality before
       | you can make meaningful changes.
       | 
       | I often feel that middle management is one big pyramid of people
       | bullshitting each other constantly and people seem ok with that.
        
         | crispyambulance wrote:
         | It seems to me that managers who make "impossible" demands that
         | flout reality believe, in their heads, that they're in some
         | kind of negotiation. They may fully realize that what they're
         | demanding is impossible but feel that by making the demand, it
         | will force a greater sense of urgency and thus "speed up"
         | delivery.
         | 
         | There's another, perhaps more insidious, variant of this when
         | managers ask YOU "How long will X take?" It's often asked
         | casually. But your answer, which you _think_ reciprocates the
         | casual-ness, is then taken as a hard deadline regardless
         | whatever surprises pop up (even if the manager knows there 's
         | going to be curveballs). Failure to meet the deadline is then
         | fully your responsibility. It's something that everyone learns
         | sooner or later in their careers-- to not make casual
         | estimates, EVER.
        
         | joe_the_user wrote:
         | I think we've evolved to the point where middle management no
         | longer involves a coherently planning or organizing process.
         | Rather, middle management comes up with justification to force
         | more out of people and the underlings both plan and execute the
         | results.
         | 
         | See The Gervais Principle:
         | https://www.ribbonfarm.com/2009/10/07/the-gervais-principle-...
        
           | agumonkey wrote:
           | I believe there's an emotional gradient at play.
           | 
           | High rank doesn't want to deal with reality, so he will add 2
           | guys underneath who will absorb half the pressure each
           | dealing with frictions and mishaps. Each layer wants to keep
           | its status so they'll take some of the heat.
        
             | ErrantX wrote:
             | So interesting to hear some of these views.
             | 
             | I am _totally_ middle management :)
             | 
             | My sense is; at higher rank (i.e. those above me) the
             | problems are more macro than micro and so are the
             | motivations and _consequences_. Therefore reality is dealt
             | with on a broader platform and you have people to deal with
             | the detail.
             | 
             | That's why my bosses boss has to worry about what error
             | will land him in jail, and I just have to care about
             | delivering some quarterly goal or other.
             | 
             | (or in other words; that guy totally knows how hard it is
             | to empower an organisation of 60+ engineering/product/agile
             | folks to deliver consistently, but he doesn't really care
             | because that's my problem)
        
         | KineticLensman wrote:
         | > You can't defeat reality"
         | 
         | Yes, as in "You can fool the people, but you can't fool the
         | laws of physics."
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | I need an ontological reason for the existence of these people.
         | 
         | How many times they come down to operators (be it engineers or
         | anything) and call for stuff to happen magically.
         | 
         | It's never "so on average you need 1 week, what could be
         | improved so we only take 6 days ? anything we can change or add
         | ?"
        
         | whatshisface wrote:
         | I found that never saying no, but always responding with a list
         | of what would be necessary in order to accomplish something,
         | will connect a lot better than negativity.
         | 
         | Contrast: "We need this by January." "No."
         | 
         | with,
         | 
         | "We need this by January." "Let's discuss the hiring process
         | for the new team members we're going to need to accomplish
         | that."
         | 
         | Then they will either say "no" (what you were going for all
         | along), or they will say "yes" and give you more resources.
         | 
         | It is really quite rare to be asked for something that is truly
         | impossible, usually it is merely impossible within the
         | organizational boundaries you're used to working within. Also,
         | people hate being told no but love saying it, so if you want a
         | "no," you need to work out how it's going to be them saying it.
        
           | rprospero wrote:
           | Most experienced managers that I've met can work around that
           | sort of comment:
           | 
           | "We need this by January"
           | 
           | "Let's discuss the hiring process for the new team members
           | we're going to need to accomplish that."
           | 
           | "We don't have the budget for hiring at the moment. If more
           | headcount is truly necessary, you are welcome to use your
           | salary to obtain it."
           | 
           | 90% of the time, the project arrives lat, but there's no
           | other major consequences and the manager points to this as
           | evidence that you were padding your budget with superfluous
           | resource. 9% of the time, you buy a new web server on your
           | own credit card and the manager brags to his boss about
           | coming in under budget. 1% of the time, catastrophe hits, the
           | company goes bankrupt, and he tells everyone that call for a
           | reference that your incompetence drove the company out of
           | business.
           | 
           | If you think this is hyperbole, a previous employer stated
           | that a competent sysadmin would never lose data, so back-ups
           | were a waste of money and made admins pay for them out of
           | pocket.
        
             | ErrantX wrote:
             | > you are welcome to use your salary to obtain it
             | 
             | > 9% of the time, you buy a new web server on your own
             | credit card and the manager brags to his boss about coming
             | in under budget
             | 
             | I.... genuinely can't believe this is a common line.
             | Companies do ask people to do ridiculous things in return
             | for very little remuneration. But to fund the company
             | yourself?
             | 
             | (I do get the point your making BTW but the example can't
             | be real!)
             | 
             | > a previous employer stated that a competent sysadmin
             | would never lose data, so back-ups were a waste of money
             | and made admins pay for them out of pocket.
             | 
             | The first part of that sounds like the natural tech-
             | illiteracy of a business leader; the second part says they
             | don't believe their own schtick.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | This is _not_ how experienced or skilled managers handle
             | it, this is how abusive incompetent managers act if people
             | let them get away with it. The behavior you describe is
             | both unprofessional (as in, ineffective) and immoral. The
             | proper response to suggestions like you describe is  "fuck
             | you" in just as many words - have some self-respect,
             | tolerating it is masochistic nonsense, there's no
             | reasonable reason to pay out of your pocket for company
             | needs. If they're your top boss then you don't want to work
             | for people like that (and you don't want references from
             | people like that); even if you're desperate, find a way out
             | and quit (because most companies are _not_ how you
             | describe); if there 's anybody above them, such a request
             | (pay out of your pocket for webserver or backups) should be
             | escalated with a "this is unacceptable, either you replace
             | this manager or replace me" - not as an empty threat, but
             | as a real course of action; because if the top management
             | considers it acceptable, again, you should not be working
             | there. The IT job market isn't _that_ bad anywhere so that
             | sombeody would need to tolerate abuse that hits both your
             | wallet and self-respect.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | spaetzleesser wrote:
           | ""We need this by January." "Let's discuss the hiring process
           | for the new team members we're going to need to accomplish
           | that.""
           | 
           | The usual response is "Right now we don't have time/budget
           | but we will look into it" and nothing gets done. But the
           | deadline still stands.
           | 
           | My main complaint is that a lot of managers don't really work
           | with their underlings on issues to improve things.
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | And on the other hand, such an approach really helps in cases
           | where extra resources would fix the problem.
           | 
           | I recall a case many years ago when my employer had a
           | networking issue at one of the branches where we could not
           | get to a solution for weeks... until at one meeting with the
           | outsourced provider reiterating that a proper fix was
           | impossible, they started to explain why it was impossible,
           | saying that they'd need to replace all the hardware along the
           | route which would be extremely expensive. At which point we
           | asked how much, they named a number, and it was easily
           | affordable compared to the problems it was causing us so the
           | issue was approved in the same meeting. And if only they had
           | started with the same approach, we could have had it fixed
           | right away instead of trying to fix an "impossible" issue for
           | weeks.
        
           | jeffrallen wrote:
           | > if you want a "no," you need to work out how it's going to
           | be them saying it.
           | 
           | You, sir or madam, are an evil genius. I'd like to have you
           | on my side of the negotiating table...
        
         | gkilmain wrote:
         | I think as long as you think (know?) this is true the easier it
         | makes dealing with work stress. "It has to get done or else" is
         | so common in my place it falls on deaf ears with most the devs.
         | 
         | At my place, I think its more CYA than BS. "See VP Person, i
         | said it has to get done or else!" so its not my fault!
        
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       (page generated 2021-10-10 23:01 UTC)