[HN Gopher] Google, YouTube to prohibit ads and monetization on ...
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       Google, YouTube to prohibit ads and monetization on climate denial
       content
        
       Author : ra7
       Score  : 65 points
       Date   : 2021-10-07 20:29 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.axios.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.axios.com)
        
       | Bostonian wrote:
       | "Google said it's making these changes in response to frustration
       | from advertisers and content creators about their messages
       | appearing alongside climate denialism."
       | 
       | Then why not give advertisers the option to avoid putting their
       | ads next to climate denialism, as opposed to demonetizing such
       | videos entirely?
        
         | Splendor wrote:
         | Maybe because no advertisers have requested that ability.
        
           | beezischillin wrote:
           | I distinctly remember advertisers saying they would put their
           | ads on demonetised content featuring guns after they banned
           | ads from such so it's not impossible that some advertisers
           | would be okay with their ads on some controversial content.
        
           | lliamander wrote:
           | That seems doubtful.
        
           | camhart wrote:
           | How could they have, this is a brand new change. I doubt they
           | asked all advertisers there opinion. The assumption that all
           | advertisers are in agreement on this topic is almost
           | guaranteed to be wrong.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | superfist wrote:
         | so looks like now advertisers vote what is science ;)
        
         | nicce wrote:
         | What if climate denialists want their ads next to these videos?
         | Who is getting prioritized?
        
           | postingawayonhn wrote:
           | The people with the money. Obviously.
        
             | nicce wrote:
             | Of course. It seems that I missread and this was all about
             | advertisers, not about content creators.
        
       | sp332 wrote:
       | Understandable. Debate is nice and all, but self-defense is
       | justifiable.
        
       | Alupis wrote:
       | The core of science is debate. There is no singular truth for
       | most things in the scientific world, and lots and lots of shades
       | of "the truth".
       | 
       | We're straying very far away from a nation that believes in
       | actual science - and we're replacing it with some quansi-religion
       | called "Science" - a belief system where nobody is allowed to
       | think or say anything that might contradict or challenge "the
       | truth".
       | 
       | How many times have you read a headline saying something along
       | the lines of "Scientists say..."? As-if all scientists have come
       | to exactly the same conclusion, when the reality is it was one
       | person or one group saying something.
       | 
       | What exactly even is a scientist? Are computer scientists
       | qualified to speak about climate change? Probably not... yet we
       | never know exactly what types of scientists are proclaiming
       | things - just trust them, they're scientists!
       | 
       | There is very little actual consensus in the scientific community
       | about anything... eggs are bad for you - no wait, eggs are good
       | for you - no wait, only 1 egg a day - eat as many eggs as you
       | can! Nobody agrees on eggs - how can we have agreement on far
       | more important and challenging-to-study things like the climate?
       | 
       | The truth is there is no consensus so censoring half (or more) of
       | the discussion is downright absurd.
        
         | zamalek wrote:
         | While I agree with you in terms of true unknowns such as dark
         | matter/energy (science does need more diversity of ideas),
         | climate change science is comprehensive and conclusive.
         | 
         | Any other ideas are absurd: we know the human contribution to
         | climate change cause, have measured the anticipated effect, and
         | found irrefutable causality.
         | 
         | Disputing human climate change is like disputing the surface
         | temperature of the sun. These are measured facts, not theories.
        
           | CheezeIt wrote:
           | What's conclusive is that more greenhouse gases means higher
           | temperatures.
           | 
           | What's not conclusive is the doomsaying and specific claims
           | about the future and present. A great example of this is
           | California's governor blaming forest fires on climate change,
           | and another one is the signs predicting certain glaciers
           | would melt.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | random314 wrote:
         | > The core of science is debate.
         | 
         | The core of science is not debate. It is a cluster of related
         | items such as falsifiability, empiricism, mathematical
         | modeling, reproducibility etc. It is most certainly not debate.
         | You are confusing politics with science, which in many cases is
         | a very deliberate right wing stance.
         | 
         | > There is very little actual consensus in the scientific
         | community about anything... eggs are bad for you
         | 
         | This is also false. Argument by analogy with nutrition science
         | is a cop out, because it is unethical to run controlled
         | experiments on human subjects without appropriate consent.
         | However, nutrition is important for society and we make do with
         | weaker correlational studies on biased samples which can evolve
         | or get overturned in the future.
         | 
         | Climate modeling is very unlike nutritional or social science
         | and can by modeled consistently.
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | Climate can be modeled consistently ? You must have missed
           | the hundreds of models that predicted nothing and that we
           | conveniently hide from view to cherry pick the ones that
           | worked. Completely ridiculous statement.
        
         | tmp_anon_22 wrote:
         | When did the United States as a nation uniformly believe in
         | science?
        
           | animal_spirits wrote:
           | We never did, but it can look as if it is moving further away
           | from that goal
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | You dont need to believe in anything. Science is not a dogma.
           | if Science is correct it can be demonstrated.
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | Unlike heating up balloons filled with different gases -
             | climate change isn't something that can be demonstrated
             | easily. I don't disagree with your statement in general,
             | but when it comes to climate change I'm offended by any
             | contrarian who passively sits back in their chair and
             | shouts "prove it" - you aren't owed that.
        
           | bowmessage wrote:
           | "believe in science" What does this even _mean_?
        
             | markdown wrote:
             | That you have faith in the ability of the scientific method
             | to ultimately reveal objective truths about the universe.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | Why do you need to have faith ? The scientific method is
               | all about proof.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | At some point, you just have to believe, if you want to
               | go much deeper, you get into epistemology.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemology
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | I (mostly) agree with your definition, but the word
               | 'ultimately' does a lot of work there. Many people who
               | use 'believe in (the) science' are actually asserting
               | that science _already_ revealed the objective truths of
               | the matter in question.
        
               | Cederfjard wrote:
               | And, I guess, that you believe that there's a scientific
               | establishment that adheres to that method, and that the
               | results it generates are disseminated faithfully to
               | society at large.
        
             | version_five wrote:
             | It means think what someone else wants you to and don't
             | question it.
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | Believe that the things that science says are true actually
             | are true. It's pretty clear, no?
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | hanniabu wrote:
         | If you don't back up claims with actual science then it's not
         | part of the scientific method. Should flat-earthers be given
         | equal authority too?
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | i remember not long ago lancet scientists claimed that the
           | lab leak was some kind of ridiculous conspiracy theory.
           | 
           | Scientists can be corrupted too.
        
           | version_five wrote:
           | > Should flat-earthers be given equal authority too?
           | 
           | That's not the relevant question to this discussion (and also
           | basically a strawman).
           | 
           | The question is, should being a "flat earther" be banned from
           | online monopolies as misinformation? As objectively stupid as
           | it might be (even though I don't think anyone actually
           | believes it) I think it would be extreme overreach to start
           | trying to shut down youtube videos positing the earth is flat
        
             | hanniabu wrote:
             | > That's not the relevant question to this discussion (and
             | also basically a strawman).
             | 
             | It's not strawman, it's on the same level in the science
             | spectrum as decisively not scientific at all. It's meant to
             | (hopefully) help them understand how stupid of a suggestion
             | they're proposing by offering an equally stupid example.
             | 
             | > The question is, should being a "flat earther" be banned
             | from online monopolies as misinformation?
             | 
             | No, the question is should we reward them for their
             | misinformation content and the answer is no.
        
             | magicalist wrote:
             | > _start trying to shut down youtube videos_
             | 
             | Not getting ad revenue is not having your video shut down.
             | Set up patreon if you want income making "more CO2 is good,
             | actually" videos (you probably should regardless of
             | content).
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | > _" Set up patreon if you want income making  "more CO2
               | is good, actually" videos..."_
               | 
               | What about when Patreon demonetizes the content?
        
           | yoloyoloyoloa wrote:
           | Does the mainstream media back up any of its claims that are
           | supposedly scientific. "Trust the science", ask Galileo if he
           | trusted the science of his time.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | No one and no institution is an authority. Some people and
           | institutions certainly have more credibility. But ultimately
           | a core tenant of classical liberalism and the enlightenment
           | is there are no authorities. Kings are authorities. Popes are
           | authorities. We moved away from that for a reason.
           | 
           | Saying that, you're right. If your science sucks then you
           | should be ignored because there is little chance of finding a
           | consensus of truth in it.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | I'm okay with demonetization for things with less proof than
         | the main alternative.
         | 
         | What I would be against is censorship: denying the voice.
        
           | CheezeIt wrote:
           | Either is for the purpose of central control of discourse.
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | My view is no one has a right to "monetization" on someone
             | else's platform.
             | 
             | Admittedly it is has a "chilling effect" but I'm more
             | concerned that we should allow debate instead of being
             | concerned we should be able to make money off of the
             | debate.
        
         | joe_the_user wrote:
         | _The core of science is debate. There is no singular truth for
         | most things in the scientific world, and lots and lots of
         | shades of "the truth"._
         | 
         | Science isn't done by youtube video battles but by debates in
         | scholarly journals. Youtube is a medium for popularizing
         | whatever content. Youtube seems well in its rights in banning
         | content it considers harmful and in this case I'd agree with
         | this ban.
         | 
         | That's not to say youtube's effective monopoly isn't
         | concerning. I'd rather see ten providers but I'd like to see
         | them all ban climate change, antivax and similarly noxious
         | content - make people interested in the subject read long texts
         | instead.
         | 
         | Video isn't good medium for sustained, coherent debate. In this
         | instance, it's a means of broadcasting shallow propaganda to
         | morons, or put less insultingly, those not using rational
         | facilities to decide things.
        
           | KingMachiavelli wrote:
           | > Science isn't done by YouTube video battles but by debates
           | in scholarly journals.
           | 
           | That's a lot of confidence to have in a very broken system
           | given the replication crisis, ineffective peer review
           | process, excessive and pervasive paywalls, and general high
           | barrier to entry.
           | 
           | Youtube is actually pretty great platform for lots of science
           | and educational channels. I could easily see a scenario where
           | some very poorly done climate study is talked about on
           | Youtube and it becomes demonetized simple because the
           | algorithm believed it was 'climate change denial ism'.
           | 
           | Sure it is Youtube's right to do whatever they want and we
           | are just 'lucky' that Youtube isn't controlled by anti-vax,
           | climate change truthers, etc.
        
             | joe_the_user wrote:
             | _That 's a lot of confidence to have in a very broken
             | system given the replication crisis, ineffective peer
             | review process, excessive and pervasive paywalls, and
             | general high barrier to entry._
             | 
             | Lots of alternative scientific journals exist. Climate
             | change denial is, in fact, well financed. There's nothing
             | about a youtube ban that prevents alternative scientific
             | research, even into things I'd considered absurd and
             | despicable.
        
           | hartator wrote:
           | > but by debates in scholarly journals.
           | 
           | And these debates should be open. It's incredible how hard
           | getting data on clinical studies are vs. here our culture of
           | open source.
        
           | creato wrote:
           | They're not even banning the content, they're just not
           | showing ads on it.
        
             | Aerroon wrote:
             | YouTube only makes money if ads are shown on the video.
             | YouTube also has an algorithm that chooses what gets
             | promoted and recommended. There is absolutely no way that
             | YouTube does not take into account whether a video is
             | monetized when choosing recommendations. Ie this will most
             | certainly limit the visibility of these kinds of videos.
        
             | joe_the_user wrote:
             | Not to mention science doesn't consider all opinions equal
             | or worth publication in standard journals, etc.
             | 
             | Science is just more forgiving and less dogmatic than
             | religion. etc.
        
             | ekianjo wrote:
             | They recently removed videos against Covid vaccines.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | Those videos lead to deaths - so that's completely
               | reasonable. America has pretty much plateaued in terms of
               | vaccination rates and that is prolonging a disaster.
               | 
               | If we're going to ban instructional bomb construction
               | videos then I think anti-vax stuff is perfectly
               | acceptable as well. I really don't understand where this
               | miscomprehension that you should be able to say anything
               | you want on private platforms comes from - there have
               | always limits even on public speech, and private
               | platforms have traditionally refused to print or publish
               | items that go too strongly against their corporate
               | beliefs. This even extends into print media and editorial
               | boards.
        
         | wetpaws wrote:
         | You can debate, you are just not getting ad revenue for this.
        
         | nicce wrote:
         | > We're straying very far away from a nation that believes in
         | actual science
         | 
         | One big issue is using the term "believe". It is not matter of
         | belief, it is a matter of understanding, wrapping theorems and
         | facts. We need to understand the science. We have already 10
         | 000 gods, so let's not make science equated to the religion and
         | reduce its power with that.
        
           | curiousgeorgio wrote:
           | > It is not matter of belief, it is a matter of
           | understanding, wrapping theorems and facts.
           | 
           | That's true of most of the "hard sciences" like physics and
           | chemistry. Climatology, however, is unfortunately full of
           | beliefs and incredibly lacking when it comes to theorems and
           | facts. Part of that is just due to the inherent difficulty
           | associated with making inferences about climate history using
           | a relatively limited amount of data from modern, accurate
           | instruments. Add to that some extremely biased incentives in
           | the institutions and governments funding climate research,
           | and you're no longer in the same ballpark as the other hard
           | sciences.
        
         | Craighead wrote:
         | Please, go away and stop using the Internet. Your kind is
         | literally unable to fathom what a false equivalence is to begin
         | with. Don't dare to lecture others on cult like behavior.
         | 
         | No, the core of science is not debate, the core of science is
         | peer reviewed published research, for which there are (shocker)
         | way WAY more research that has withstood publication and review
         | that speaks to the validity of human activity lead climate
         | change.
         | 
         | The time has come for you and your cult to take your place on
         | obsolescence island, where you can frolick and "debate" about
         | science meanwhile everyone else will solve the actual problem
         | and save our species from causing a mass extinction event.
        
         | lapetitejort wrote:
         | > There is very little actual consensus in the scientific
         | community about anything
         | 
         | Scientists agree that at low velocities, the force of an object
         | equals the mass times the acceleration. This is just one point
         | of agreement. There are others that I can't list here. You may
         | be surprised at the amount of info that scientists agree upon.
        
           | molbioguy wrote:
           | It's not sufficient to cherry pick an example of agreement to
           | refute the original comment. There are obviously many things
           | scientists agree on, but there are also many complicated
           | things scientists disagree on, especially when it comes down
           | to the details. The key point is that the public tends to
           | treat science and scientists as monolithic in their views.
           | The truth is far different and there is an enormous amount of
           | diversity in thought and lots of debate within the scientific
           | community on many, many topics.
        
         | curiousgeorgio wrote:
         | > The truth is there is no consensus so censoring half (or
         | more) of the discussion is downright absurd.
         | 
         | I agree with your point, though _even if there is consensus_ on
         | a topic, we should _still_ be able to have open discussion
         | without censorship.
         | 
         | If you assume consensus is infallible, you'll be wrong
         | sometimes. If dissenting voices are silenced, it's even worse:
         | you'll be wrong, and _not know_ that you 're wrong.
         | 
         | In the cases where consensus is right, you only add fire to the
         | conspiracy theories when you censor opposing views.
         | 
         | In summary: freedom of speech - even _wrong and unpopular_
         | speech - is essential to our continual pursuit of truth. To
         | pretend that our world is somehow different today (as if
         | misinformation or wrong ideas didn 't exist before the
         | internet) is just ignorance. How many times does history have
         | to show us where the road of censorship leads?
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | Sad this is being downvoted. When you assume anyone or any
           | consensus is infallible you have kings and endless appeals to
           | the authority. The reason we have made unbelievable
           | scientific progress is because we follow sone rules:
           | 
           | 1) no one is an authority on the truth.
           | 
           | 2) no one is infallible.
           | 
           | 3) we can change our minds when new evidence occurs
           | 
           | This doesn't mean everyone's opinion is equal or that truth
           | doesn't exist. Credibility is important. Method is important.
           | Reproducibility is important. Consensus is important.
           | 
           | It's more difficult today because of the ease of mass
           | communication. But in the end we are better off taking the
           | long, difficult, and often infuriating road to finding the
           | truth. The alternative is an inquisition and worse.
           | 
           | The truth will always rise to the top, eventually, this way
           | even if we are wrong along the way.
        
       | throwawaysea wrote:
       | I am completely exhausted by these large private monopolies
       | becoming arbiters of speech. They have too much power and play
       | too big a role in controlling our politics. Democracy isn't just
       | the act of voting - it also involves everything that comes before
       | it, and if you have massive platforms that bias their audiences
       | through algorithmic/policy interference, it ultimately amounts to
       | interference in our democracy. In a world where most of society's
       | speech takes place on these platforms, we need to treat them for
       | the common carriers they are, as UCLA Law Professor Eugene Volokh
       | put it (https://shapingopinion.com/is-big-tech-a-common-
       | carrier/), and regulate them.
       | 
       | To get more specific, this decision is going to result in Google
       | drawing arbitrary, indefensible lines based on the perspectives
       | their employees and leaders deem allowable. For instance, can a
       | content producer monetize their perspective that the Pacific
       | Northwest heatwave from June was not primarily caused by climate
       | change? There were numerous headlines claiming that this heatwave
       | was "virtually impossible" without climate change, quoting a
       | paper that was not peer-reviewed. But the paper itself admitted
       | that a record breaking heatwave would have taken place even
       | without climate change, and this point was made by others such as
       | Atmospheric Sciences Professor Cliff Mass at the University of
       | Washington (https://cliffmass.blogspot.com/2021/07/flawed-
       | heatwave-repor...).
       | 
       | So whose opinion is allowed in that situation? Who gets
       | monetization that biases the world towards that perspective and
       | who gets drowned out? Who gets a fact check or context label that
       | casts doubt on their content and who doesn't? Apparently, the
       | world we've accepted, is one where a small number of Silicon
       | Valley progressive elites decide all of that for the whole world.
        
         | munk-a wrote:
         | A while back a representative of one of the major US political
         | parties said that "My goal is to cut government in half in
         | twenty-five years, to get it down to the size where we can
         | drown it in the bathtub." - when the government is constantly
         | defunded more power is handed to private corporations. Somebody
         | has the authority at the end of the day - you can't have a
         | vacuum of authority - since the government has been restricted
         | from actually being responsible for reasonable platform
         | creation we've ended up in this bad timeline where mega-corps
         | are the arbiters of speech instead.
        
       | perihelions wrote:
       | > _" The tech giant says that when evaluating content against the
       | new policy, "we'll look carefully at the context in which claims
       | are made, differentiating between content that states a false
       | claim as fact, versus content that reports on or discusses that
       | claim."_
       | 
       | This is obviously an unrealistic and impossible moderation task,
       | and they're plainly lying if they claim they can do that. Clear
       | evidence: YouTube took down a podcast by a member of President
       | Biden's Covid advisory board -- spectacularly failing the
       | use/mention distinction test (about the subject of anti-
       | vaccination sentiment). Their misinformation classifier does not
       | pass the Turing test.
       | 
       | (Michael Osterholm's Episode 61, "Divided by Delta", if anyone
       | wants to research further. It was reinstated in a few days).
       | 
       | (late edit) Here's a source:
       | https://twitter.com/cidrap/status/1420482621696618496
       | 
       | and a bio: https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/about-us/cidrap-
       | staff/michael-t-o...
        
         | Craighead wrote:
         | "N=1 proves my argument"
         | 
         | Gosh why does HN continually fall for this type of absolute
         | drivel.
        
       | DantesKite wrote:
       | My professor made a pretty good criticism of the "hockey" stick
       | graph climate change scientists often referred to, showing how it
       | was just bad science.
       | 
       | Would criticisms like that be demonetized for climate denial
       | content? Seems like it would.
        
         | Aerroon wrote:
         | Considering YouTubers were afraid of simply mentioning words
         | such as "covid" and "virus" in their videos I'd say that it'll
         | have a chilling effect whether YouTube gets it right or not.
         | And I have little faith in YouTube getting it right.
        
       | michaelterryio wrote:
       | So, what us promoters of free speech read this as is, "anything
       | that qualifies the unified messaging of the dominant orthodoxy is
       | banned."
       | 
       | Anthropogenic global warming is of course true. But there is an
       | absolute metric ton of shit to qualify about the messaging and
       | particular facts, claims, and policies around it. Some of this
       | qualification will come from adversarial debate where the policy
       | opponents are mostly wrong, but still provide some nuggets of
       | truth.
       | 
       | Now I know that YouTube cannot be trusted to host this
       | discussion.
        
         | edgyquant wrote:
         | > But there is an absolute metric ton of shit to qualify about
         | the messaging and particular facts, claims, and policies around
         | it.
         | 
         | And a lot of the doomsaying is as unscientific as denying
         | climate change
        
           | throwawaysea wrote:
           | Very true. The doomsayers are part of a cohort that feels
           | like a left-leaning QAnon, but they have somehow avoided that
           | label and enjoyed legitimacy. Those who try to draw nuance on
           | the topic of climate are often viciously attacked for it. For
           | example a blog post claiming that climate change is a serious
           | issue but not an existential threat
           | (https://cliffmass.blogspot.com/2019/08/is-global-warming-
           | exi...) resulted in activists trying to pressure this
           | university into firing this professor. Meanwhile, children
           | who have repeatedly heard doomsayer messaging are
           | experiencing extreme anxiety to a point where it is affecting
           | their daily life and function
           | (https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/14/four-
           | in-...). Of course, none of that messaging will be subject to
           | fact checks, demonetization, or bans.
        
       | beezischillin wrote:
       | So does this apply in this case as well:
       | https://www.cnbc.com/2020/11/19/youtube-will-put-ads-on-non-... ?
        
       | boppo1 wrote:
       | What's the threshold for denialism? If I think climate change is
       | man made but the threat is probably overblown until manhattan
       | real estate prices start to come down, am I a denier?
        
         | version_five wrote:
         | That's usually the argument against censorship. You may have
         | noticed though that in the last couple years we have moved into
         | a regime of information control where a loud group would rather
         | we only have access to one narrative about things.
         | 
         | In this case, it seems more of a commercial decision, but as
         | another poster pointed out, you'd think advertisers could just
         | opt out of being opposite certain content. Currently as an
         | advertiser, do you get any choice? What about videos about drug
         | use or medical advice or whatever that I imagine all
         | advertisers don't necessarily want to be associated with?
        
           | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
           | There are some things where advertisers do just get an opt-
           | out, but Youtube's existing content policies have a blanket
           | prohibition against "harmful health or medical claims" with
           | no advertiser choice available.
           | (https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/6162278, "Harmful
           | or dangerous acts" section)
        
         | xqcgrek2 wrote:
         | The threshold is whatever Google thinks it is, or rather,
         | whatever the panel of 20-somethings communications or sociology
         | BAs they've hired to mod their platform think it is.
        
           | weakfish wrote:
           | I agree, but you're edging on strawman there.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | nemo44x wrote:
         | I wonder too. What if you believe and have models that say:
         | 
         | 1) yes CO2 warms the atmosphere. This is reproducible.
         | 
         | 2) the climate will warm.
         | 
         | 3) but it doesn't really matter according to these particular
         | models.
         | 
         | It turns out there are climatologists that have models they
         | interpret this way. Are they banned? Is this denialism? Do you
         | have to agree it's a "crisis" or can you agree it's happening
         | but it doesn't make a big difference
        
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