[HN Gopher] El Salvador's Bitcoin use grows but headaches persist
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       El Salvador's Bitcoin use grows but headaches persist
        
       Author : rsj_hn
       Score  : 88 points
       Date   : 2021-10-07 20:11 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.reuters.com)
        
       | bob229 wrote:
       | Crypto is trash
        
       | rsj_hn wrote:
       | Is there anyone here on HN who lives in El Salvador and can
       | report how things are going?
        
         | deviantfero wrote:
         | I've been using it with a couple of other people and testing
         | transfers between private wallets, chivo wallets, conversion
         | between USD and BTC in small amounts, it hasn't failed on me
         | yet.
         | 
         | I've also bought in a supermarket with it, again small amounts
         | 8.00 USD to be precise (avocados and some other stuff), a lot
         | of businesses take BTC now, some of these businesses are:
         | 
         | - Super Selectos (biggest supermarket chain here in ES) -
         | Walmart (second biggest supermarket chain here in ES) - Siman
         | (electronics, furniture, clothes) - ZARA (clothing) - Starbucks
         | - Mcdonald's - Pollo Campero
         | 
         | these are just some examples, a bunch more are taking BTC
         | payments from chivo wallet and really any LN compatible wallet.
         | 
         | you can take your money out of the government wallet by:
         | 
         | 1. linking your existing bank account and transfering USD to
         | your bank 2. cashing out in one of the 200 ATMs 3. transfering
         | your BTC to a private wallet
         | 
         | for me personally, superficially it works, the inner workings
         | are opaque tho, I don't expect every BTC in government wallets
         | to actually be backed by an actual BTC for example, the
         | government does not have enough BTC to cover the $30 USD in BTC
         | bonus they've been giving out, and not every BTC you get in the
         | chivo wallet is reflected somehow in the blockchain.
         | 
         | again my use has been pretty limited, I've day-traded with
         | really small amounts, I've read people complaining about bank
         | transfers taking a few days or not working at all (balance
         | disappears from app, does not appear on bank), or ATMs being
         | out of cash, or ATMs subtracting amounts from wallet and not
         | giving money, I have not tried to do any of these yet though
         | 
         | other issue is security, the facial verification seems to be a
         | facade so anyone with your DUI (similar to SSN, but it is
         | public knowledge) and your birthdate can claim your account and
         | your $30 bonus if you haven't
        
         | throaway6942 wrote:
         | Aaron van Wirdum is a BitcoinMagazine journalist who documents
         | Bitcoin in El Salvador.
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/aaronvanw/status/1435236902274220040
        
       | butmuh wrote:
       | So now they are up 5% on their investment in two weeks and the
       | establishment still has to nitpick on a national tech rollout
       | with positive cashflow.Hmm.
        
       | anonporridge wrote:
       | Hardly surprising.
       | 
       | Regardless of the future of bitcoin, I do wonder if this move
       | will serve to accelerate the country's move towards more
       | technological and digital literacy. For a place that's probably
       | still pretty heavy on physical cash, this could be a net positive
       | for them in the long term even if bitcoin as a currency doesn't
       | work out.
        
         | R0b0t1 wrote:
         | May draw lots of money if it is easy to exchange USD for BTC.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | Is it not easy to do this in the US with several popular
           | legal local exchanges?
        
         | fleddr wrote:
         | There's a chance. If you consider that society is largely
         | digital and increasingly remote, it stands to reason that
         | theoretically a new mini Silicon Valley can be founded
         | anywhere.
         | 
         | El Salvador already offers permanent residency if you have a
         | few BTC in capital. And they're going to start mining using
         | excess volcano energy. We truly live in odd times.
         | 
         | Imagine that it works. A tech society evolving in the jungle.
         | The feeling of being part of a rapidly developing society,
         | rather than one stagnating or in decline.
         | 
         | And next, every neighboring country watching carefully. Which
         | they already do. Because they're all tired of being a 2nd class
         | America.
         | 
         | On Twitter, the president of El Salvador dissed the IMF's
         | concerns as if an immature crypto bro.
         | 
         | I love it. It's a thing of beauty.
        
           | anonporridge wrote:
           | > 2nd class America
           | 
           | You mean vassals of the American Empire, paying tribute in
           | the form of currency debasement that only benefits citizens
           | of the empire at the expense of your own citizens?
        
             | fleddr wrote:
             | Yep, that's another way to put it.
        
       | pkulak wrote:
       | Welcome to custodial wallets. The only way to get all the
       | problems of banks and cryptocurrencies in one place.
        
       | endisneigh wrote:
       | If the government cares about making it easier to send
       | remittances, should there be a simpler way than Bitcoin?
        
         | tdeck wrote:
         | This isn't about making things easier or better for ordinary
         | people. If it were, the government wouldn't make it a crime for
         | small businesses to not accept Bitcoin in a very poor country
         | with limited communications infrastructure. El Salvador has 3.8
         | million internet users out of a population of 6.4 million
         | people.
        
           | fleddr wrote:
           | What is it about then? What possible dark scheme lies behind
           | a system where citizens can instantly swap between USD or BTC
           | at no charge?
           | 
           | Remittances aren't about easy, it's about bypassing fees in
           | traditional banking that may be as high as 30%. As well
           | making remittances possibly to people that are unbanked, yet
           | do have a smartphone.
        
             | tdeck wrote:
             | These policies go far beyond remittances. My understanding
             | is that any business is required to accept bitcoin (through
             | the government wallet system) for payment. In a mainly
             | cash-based society this obviously gives the government more
             | visibility and control.
        
               | fleddr wrote:
               | Being forced to accept Bitcoin is no different from being
               | forced to accept any other legal tender, but you're right
               | that the specific way in which it is implemented, is far
               | from ideal. Most of the BTC community (if there is such a
               | thing) also isn't happy with it.
               | 
               | Then again, depending on the country, the traditional
               | system also has deep insight into capital flow.
        
         | jbverschoor wrote:
         | The other country will have its own restrictions
        
       | jdhn wrote:
       | Personally, I think that the growing pains are going to result in
       | a much needed UX improvement for bitcoin, and crypto in general.
        
         | fleddr wrote:
         | Agreed. This is a fascinating beta test for the masses. Another
         | one around the corner is Bitcoin (and NFT) integration within
         | Twitter.
        
           | kd913 wrote:
           | Purely bitcoin transactions will never be for the masses. It
           | can't even scale past what 350k per day?
           | 
           | For that it consumes the equivalent power of Countries?
        
             | c54 wrote:
             | Lightning network and power consumption have been discussed
             | in countless HN threads
        
               | StillWaiting wrote:
               | What this thread really needs is a hot take like calling
               | Bitcoin a pyramid scheme
        
               | johnla wrote:
               | And coin exchanges are becoming mainstream. There are
               | lots of transactional coins that can be converted into.
               | Although there are still some usability hurdles, it's
               | getting better all the time.
        
             | Centmo wrote:
             | These transactions are not occurring on the bitcoin network
             | - they are occurring on the lightning network which is a
             | second layer on top of the base bitcoin layer. Transactions
             | here are virtually free and use virtually no energy. This
             | is how bitcoin scales for many small transactions.
        
               | kd913 wrote:
               | Transactions on the lightning network have difficulty
               | scaling because each node needs to what compute the
               | entire graph/nodes and setup channels?
               | 
               | A problem which scales even worse the more nodes in play.
               | 
               | https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoincash/comments/8n9xbp/why_
               | the...
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Is El Salvador really using Bitcoin, or is it just using Bitcoin-
       | denominated local bank accounts? The Bitcoin blockchain has
       | nowhere near enough transaction capacity to handle all those
       | transactions if they actually go out to the blockchain.
        
         | PretzelPirate wrote:
         | El Salvador uses the Lightning network to avoid the high BTC
         | transaction fees and slow settlement time.
        
       | asdff wrote:
       | Why would they adopt something as volatile as cryptocurrency as
       | legal tender?
        
         | Vadoff wrote:
         | Pretty much any fledging currency will be volatile. So you
         | might as well be asking why anyone would adopt any new
         | currency?
         | 
         | As a currency gains adoption and value, its volatility
         | naturally goes down.
         | 
         | As far as what advantages bitcoin has over traditional existing
         | currency? Numerous. Immutable, unseizable, uncensorable, fixed
         | supply/non-inflationary/store of value, digitally transferrable
         | without a 3rd party.
        
           | jodrellblank wrote:
           | Bitcoins have been seized, and stolen. Bitcoins have been
           | banned in China. Not at all transferable without a majority
           | of nodes on the network agreeing - unless you mean you can
           | hand a flash drive to someone, and that's not an advantage to
           | a currency you can hand notes to someone.
           | 
           | Why is "non inflationary" an advantage? It means less
           | incentive to spend, more incentive to hoard, and anyone who
           | comes later is necessarily poorer. It's terrible, population
           | increases and younger people fight for the scraps of the few
           | bitcents left, so the pyramid early adopters can take
           | advantage. That isn't going to hold as a stable system.
        
             | treebot wrote:
             | How would a government seize Bitcoin? Stealing Bitcoin is
             | not the same as seizing.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > How would a government seize Bitcoin?
               | 
               | The same way it seizes anything else; have people with
               | guns show up [0] to the person with control over it, and
               | inform them they must turn it over or face dire
               | consequences. Seizing money held in a personal wallet
               | means doing that to the owner (whether its a physical or
               | digital wallet), seizing money held in a third-party
               | service (often the case with Bitcoin) means doing it to
               | the service operator.
               | 
               | > Stealing Bitcoin is not the same as seizing.
               | 
               | True, in that "stealing" is what is called when someone
               | seizes property from another _without legal authority_.
               | But false in the senae that seems intended, in that the
               | mechanics the government uses when seizing something are
               | exactly mechanics that would constitute stealing if they
               | weren 't backed by law.
               | 
               | [0] Or people without guns with the implicit backing of
               | people with guns. Or just messages from an agency known
               | to be backed by people with guns.
        
               | stale2002 wrote:
               | > have people with guns show up [0] to the person with
               | control over it
               | 
               | It is much easier to physically confiscate cash, than it
               | is to confiscate a wallet that you don't have the keys
               | to.
               | 
               | Sorry, but it just is. Yes, an arresting authority can
               | always threaten people, with violence, but that has
               | problem and roadblocks to it. People get mad. Courts come
               | into the picture. And although yes it is _possible_ it is
               | still more _difficult_ to do, with greater negative
               | consequences to doing so.
               | 
               | The point of censorship "resistance" is not to be
               | completely immune from a mind reading mecha-hitler, who
               | will nuke the universe if you don't give up the password
               | to your crypto wallet.
               | 
               | Instead, the point is to make it more difficult to
               | confiscate assets, in more situations, such that it
               | significantly reduces but does not stop completely, the
               | times that assets are confiscated, as opposed to the
               | absurd super hitler with nukes hypothetical.
               | 
               | > that the mechanics the government uses when seizing
               | something are exactly mechanics that would constitute
               | stealing if they weren't backed by law.
               | 
               | Nope. The mechanics that are used and available to the
               | government, in real life actual examples, of how actual
               | governments work, make it easier for those existing
               | governments to confiscate cash as opposed to crypto.
               | 
               | This is not about absurd hypotheticals. This is about
               | existing government laws and implementations of those
               | laws.
               | 
               | Once all the governments in the world, actually change
               | their laws such that they can now threaten to nuke the
               | universe, if you don't give up your keys, _then_ you can
               | start talking about how technical solutions have zero
               | effect on getting around existing government policies.
               | 
               | Or, in other words, the "wrench" solution has significant
               | drawbacks that make it difficult for current governments
               | to implement. So it is stupid to bring that up, as some
               | gotcha counter example, for why you think technical
               | solutions are worthless, when talking about actual real
               | life, as opposed to your sci-fri fantasy novel.
        
               | hackingforfun wrote:
               | Trezor [1] and Ledger [2] are both hardware wallets that
               | can have a passphrase which would generate any number of
               | wallets, each derived from the user's private key, but
               | each generating a different public key. If someone has 20
               | wallets with 20 different passphrases, how would the
               | people with guns know which one they are getting? There
               | can be dummy wallets, or wallets without the entirety of
               | funds stored in them. A user can have as many passphrases
               | as they want even on just one hardware wallet.
               | 
               | [1] https://wiki.trezor.io/Passphrase
               | 
               | [2] https://support.ledger.com/hc/en-
               | us/articles/115005214529-Ad...
        
         | zitterbewegung wrote:
         | The only thing I can think of is monitoring of all
         | transactions.
        
           | anonporridge wrote:
           | You can do that way more easily will centralized digital
           | fiat.
        
           | Apocryphon wrote:
           | How are cryptocurrencies even "encrypted" and more anonymous
           | than hard cash if all transactions are recorded in a ledger,
           | the ledger that is the very basis of the currency? Isn't that
           | the very antithesis of anonymity?
        
             | freeflight wrote:
             | Afaik that claim to fame originally came from the fact how
             | it's really difficult to track down the real owner of a
             | wallet.
             | 
             | With traditional bank accounts there's usually a whole
             | circus of verifying your real identity involved that's
             | directly tied to the account.
             | 
             | While getting a BC wallet involves none of that, heck, it
             | can probably be automated to such a degree that asking the
             | question "Who actually owns the wallet created by a bot?"
             | could become an interesting legal conundrum.
        
             | treebot wrote:
             | Actual paper cash is more anonymous than most crypto,
             | including Bitcoin.
        
             | kristjansson wrote:
             | Bitcoin and its ilk are explicitly pseudonymous not
             | anonymous. Others attempt to provide actual anonymity, but
             | lack the usage and mindshare of bitcoin
        
           | rcohngru wrote:
           | From what I have read, this is actually not the case.
           | Remittances account for 1/5 of El Salvador's GDP, which is
           | one of the highest ratios in the world. The companies that
           | facilitate these remittances often charge pretty high fees,
           | so the idea behind using bitcoin is to increase the amount of
           | money that makes it home to El Salvador by reducing the cost
           | incurred from transfer fees.
        
           | WJW wrote:
           | Lack of imagination.
           | 
           | Step 1: Buy a lot of bitcoin.
           | 
           | Step 2: Convince/bribe the President of El Salvador to make
           | bitcoin the legal tender.
           | 
           | Step 3: Bitcoin goes up because "OMG legal tender status"
           | even though it is in a super minor country that was de facto
           | using the USD as currency anyway.
           | 
           | Step 4: Sell your bitcoin at a profit due to the events of
           | step 3.
           | 
           | Step 5: Who cares about what happens after step 4.
        
             | fleddr wrote:
             | The El Salvador plan has done absolutely nothing for
             | Bitcoin's price, so I guess the plan (which you made up)
             | failed.
             | 
             | BTC price swings occurs due to institutional buying (or
             | selling) which are generally triggered by macro conditions.
             | Nothing else triggers it because the market cap is too
             | large to move on minor news.
             | 
             | Finally, an opportunistic Bitcoin trader wants Bitcoin to
             | go down, not up. So that they can buy more.
        
         | rattlesnakedave wrote:
         | From what I understand citizens are allowed to swap the
         | government for USD. El Salvador's current president seems keen
         | on building a Bitcoin reserve.
        
           | modeless wrote:
           | The "local currency" is US dollars. And now Bitcoin.
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | In that case maybe their strategy might be to convert as
             | much USD within the country into bitcoin as possible, wait
             | for the inevitable next huge surge, sell at the peak and
             | increase their central bank holdings of USD by a massive
             | amount.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | I really doubt a central banks fiscal policy revolves
               | around speculating in BTC.
        
               | fleddr wrote:
               | Admittedly, they are the first, but there's little to be
               | surprised about.
               | 
               | Bitcoin is the best performing asset with a 200% average
               | YoY return for 12 years straight. Whilst still volatile,
               | there's enough trust in long term value for institutional
               | adaption, which is the phase we're in the middle of.
               | 
               | 1 in 6 Americans own Bitcoin. Companies are holding it.
               | Clearly, it no longer is an internet joke. It's accepted
               | as an asset.
        
         | javert wrote:
         | They can continue to price things in US dollars without letting
         | American elites steal from them through the Cantillon effect.
         | If you didn't know, they were using US dollars before.
         | 
         | Just my two cents.
         | 
         | The real reason is probably so the El Salvador political powers
         | can enrich themselves, either through simply holding bitcoin,
         | or some form of corruption.
        
         | arenaninja wrote:
         | It's an attempt to attract foreign investment to reduce
         | dependency on US remittances
        
           | WJW wrote:
           | It was also sold to the President of El Salvador by some
           | rather savvy salesmen who may or may not have had a prior
           | long position in bitcoin before the announcement was made.
        
             | fleddr wrote:
             | Was this before or after the IMF party telling the country
             | what is good for them, but never is?
        
           | sremani wrote:
           | It is an attempt to become 'panama' without the legal and
           | political framework.
        
         | randomhodler84 wrote:
         | Not cryptocurrency, Bitcoin.
         | 
         | "The central bank must be trusted not to debase the currency,
         | but the history of fiat currencies is full of breaches of that
         | trust." - SN
         | 
         | Volatility is of far less concern than a 3rd party countries
         | money printing.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > Volatility is of far less concern than a 3rd party
           | countries money printing.
           | 
           | Not when you get your weekly paycheck, it's not.
        
             | sonicggg wrote:
             | Let's start sending your weekly payment checks in
             | Zimbabwean Dollars, and see how much of that matters.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Zimbabwean dollars were _highly volatile_.
               | 
               | Getting your paycheck and not knowing it'll be worth
               | roughly the same amount next week when rent is due is a
               | serious problem.
        
             | thebean11 wrote:
             | Both seem like issues to me? Either your paychecks are
             | being adjusted for inflation (in which case they could be
             | adjusted to the Bitcoin price) or they are not adjusted for
             | inflation and each check is smaller than the last.
        
             | stocknoob wrote:
             | Do you want your weekly paycheck in an inflationary or
             | deflationary currency?
        
               | postingawayonhn wrote:
               | Either, whichever is most stable.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | I don't really care if it's inflationary or deflationary,
               | as long as the _rate_ of inflation /deflation is fairly
               | small.
        
             | fleddr wrote:
             | Then you swap it instantly to USD, which is part of the
             | implementation.
             | 
             | So citizens can chose. Conservative ones pick USD for its
             | stability, others may pick BTC. Which has appreciated by
             | 200% for 12 years straight, but hey, who's counting.
             | 
             | Or, mix it up. 75% USD, 25% BTC. So...what is the problem
             | again?
        
               | gus_massa wrote:
               | Real green USD or just USDT? Can they get the USD in
               | cash? What is the extraction fee?
        
               | fleddr wrote:
               | Real dollars, and zero.
        
         | tombert wrote:
         | Apparently, a fairly high percentage of El Salvador's economy
         | is based on people outside the country sending currency in, so
         | I think the idea was to use a currency that makes it relatively
         | cheap and easy to send money from the US to El Salvador.
         | 
         | That said, since they're on the US Dollar anyway, I think it
         | might have made more sense to use a stablecoin like GUSD or DAI
         | or something.
        
           | xtracto wrote:
           | I think at some point I read that given the amount of the GDP
           | that remittances are in El Salvador, and the % that Western
           | Union and similar services charge for each transfer, they
           | calculated that a good chunk of the GDP was being left in
           | these transfer services.
           | 
           | In the case of Mexico, remittances would be 3.8% of the GDP,
           | and the WU fee is 8% [1], which means that 0.3% of the GDP is
           | being left in the table. In El Salvador I think it is about
           | 20%, which would mean that 1.6% of the GDP is being left in
           | the WU and similar services.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.westernunion.com/us/en/send-money/app/price-
           | esti...
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | If its USD to USD in this case, why not mail a check? I
           | wonder if you could even just scan a check and email it and
           | use a mobile bank app to deposit a printed copy. Or even have
           | the US relative log into the Salvadoran relatives bank
           | account and do it all within the U.S.
        
             | woah wrote:
             | You should let the El Salvadoreans know about all these
             | ideas, might save them a lot of trouble
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | Well, I mean, _mailing_ a check takes a long time,
             | certainly longer than sending some bitcoin would take, even
             | if it was free. Emailing a scan could work, but wouldn 't
             | that be completely trivial to abuse? If someone gets a
             | Gmail password, they could just photoshop a the check to
             | empty out your relative's account with very low effort.
             | 
             | I think blockchain kind of solves these two particular
             | problems; the money transfers are relatively quick (around
             | 20 minutes for bitcoin), and you have all this
             | cryptographic goodness to minimize the potential for fraud.
        
               | hackingforfun wrote:
               | Lightning network transactions occur in seconds, if not
               | milliseconds [1].
               | 
               | https://lightning.network/
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | It shouldn't matter how long it takes to mail after the
               | first check is mailed, right? If the relative in the US
               | is sending money every biweekly pay check and it takes 9
               | days or whatever to mail a check, the relative in El
               | Salvador is still getting a check every two weeks, just
               | nine days later on the calendar than payday.
        
             | int_19h wrote:
             | Checks are not common outside of US and a few other
             | countries. Checks from another country especially can be a
             | hassle to cash, may take a long time (as in weeks!), and
             | may require paying a percentage fee to the bank.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | They're not terribly common even within the US. I
               | refinanced my house recently, and and I had to order a
               | new checkbook from my bank to do it, because I couldn't
               | find the one they gave me four years ago. Every time I
               | _do_ have to write a check, I always have to  "figure it
               | out" again, which isn't exactly rocket science, but is a
               | testament to how little I write checks.
               | 
               | Like most of the world, I use credit cards or debit cards
               | or a cash sending app.
        
         | dqpb wrote:
         | In theory as you earn bitcoin, you can exchange it in a
         | marketplace for other currencies if various risk levels,
         | including stablecoins for low risk, or even for a few fiat
         | currencies.
         | 
         | In practice, I assume most El Salvadorians aren't on Binance or
         | Coinbase Pro.
        
         | I_am_tiberius wrote:
         | Because it's great to have multiple options. As a consumer you
         | don't have to use it.
        
         | jcranmer wrote:
         | Ostensibly, the purpose of adopting Bitcoin is to make possible
         | remittances with lower fees.
         | 
         | This immediately raises the question of why not establish or
         | partner with another bank that would allow lower fee
         | remittances, and instead partner with a shadow bank to do so.
         | And the most reasonable answer, to me at least, is that by
         | using a shadow banking mechanism, they'd evade (international)
         | inspection, which would allow them to potentially skim money
         | out of ordinary El Salvadoran bank accounts.
        
       | m00dy wrote:
       | El Salvador is the only place on Earth where you can exchange
       | your bitcoins to USD without any questions are being asked. It is
       | the wormhole between bitcoin and legacy financial system.
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | I'm not sure it's true. Crypto is very popular in Turkey too
         | and you can easily sell your coins for fiat Turkish lira,
         | withdraw the money to your bank account in seconds any time of
         | the day and convert it to USD - no questions asked. Then you
         | send that USD anywhere or withdraw it from a branch or an
         | ATM(that supports USD, there are plenty).
         | 
         | Also, 45x the economy, 15x the population with significant
         | percentage of it having at least one exchange account. No
         | question asked when bringing money from abroad is the
         | governments policy, strong EU, UK and US financial ties and
         | integrations are in place with billions already laundered. The
         | neighbouring Bulgaria, the police seized 200K Bitcoins and sold
         | them at the previous bull market.
         | 
         | I know what you mean but El Salvador is a micro-wormhole. The
         | value essentially comes from the publicity, they had something
         | like 700 BTC last time I checked.
         | 
         | El Salvador is a storm in a teacup. One noisy storm though.
         | Their president is a millennial who knows how to ride the hype
         | train.
        
           | inter_netuser wrote:
           | isn't the difference that the entities in El Salvador are
           | _obligated_ to take it?
           | 
           | Questions or not, that's a different story, but Citibank in
           | Turkey is not obligated to accept Bitcoin, but in El Salvador
           | - they are under a legal obligation to accept it.
           | 
           | Citibank is active in El Salvador.
        
             | mrtksn wrote:
             | Yes, that's the difference. However the volume in El
             | Salvador is so small that it's insignificant in any real
             | terms. It's a poor country with a tiny population. They
             | certainly wont be able to exchange you USD for BTC and vise
             | versa if you try to do it with a significant amount.
        
           | m00dy wrote:
           | 1-) If your transactions have low volume, no one is going to
           | question what you are doing. The problem arises when you have
           | a lot of Bitcoins and couldn't really explain where they come
           | from. El Salvador fixes this.
           | 
           | 2-) Sending/Receiving USD is not as free as you think. You
           | can get sanctioned like IRAN. Every foreign USD transfer must
           | be checked through a blacklist. That's how it works.
        
             | mrtksn wrote:
             | Actually, no one asks anything. That's why it's really
             | popular money laundering destination. I lost count of
             | scandals of money laundry, fraud and tax evasions that each
             | are over a billion USD. They tend to come out when
             | something political happens. The amount of cocaine seized
             | this year was in the scale of metric tons with no arrests
             | made on the receiving side.
             | 
             | Oh and about your 2). I have some exposure to that stuff
             | and I assure you, it's not how it works. The US does have
             | sanctions but these are lists of names and specific
             | corporations, you don't suddenly get into a blacklist.
             | These lists change with the political situations. Also,
             | there are known terrorist, so if you are not one of those
             | or if you are not politically targeted you wont have
             | problems.
             | 
             | If you are in a list, you use private jet to move cash or
             | gold. Turkey is truly the wild west of illicit money at the
             | moment.
             | 
             | If you send USD, it will go through the usual SWIFT
             | mechanisms and will be visible to the USA but you can
             | always move cash and gold. Turkey's proximity to major
             | markets and the infrastructure is excellent. EU is just
             | right there, accessible by plane, train, car, bus or boat.
             | UK is less than 4 hours of flight, just like Dubai.
             | 
             | Istanbul has a physical cash only gold and USD/EUR/GBP
             | trading center. The city of Istanbul is gargantuous, 3
             | times of El Salvador's population.
        
               | m00dy wrote:
               | It doesn't matter. There is a central entity that decides
               | on his behalf who's going to be in that list.
        
               | m00dy wrote:
               | >> Turkey is truly the wild west of illicit money at the
               | moment.
               | 
               | Any source on this ? I born and raised in Turkey and I
               | won't let you to bullshit on my country
        
               | mrtksn wrote:
               | I'm sure you've heard of Reza Zarrab, the Kingston
               | Brothers, Sedat Peker, Tosuncuk that comes to my mind
               | from the recent years.
               | 
               | For context, Reza Zarrab is an Iranian-Azeri who
               | laundered Iranian money with help of a major Turkish
               | government owned bank, Halkbank. He flew gold with his
               | private jet for years. He ended up in the witness
               | protection program in the USA. There are very serious
               | allegation of involvement with high ranking Turkish
               | officials. It come to light that Erdogan personally
               | lobbied Trump during his trail.
               | 
               | The Kingston Brothers are some mormon community in Utah
               | that stole billions from the US government and laundered
               | money with the Help of a Turkish businessman. The
               | brothers are now in a US prison, the Businessman is in
               | Switzerland and Turkey and US are fighting over who is
               | going to get him. That businessman also has proven ties,
               | multiple photos with Erdogan and other highly ranked
               | Turkish officials.
               | 
               | Sedat Peker, a mafia boss who was disowned by the
               | political elite that protected him for years. He escaped
               | to Saudi Arabia and start doing tell-all YouTube videos.
               | He again exposed billions and billions of USD of
               | corruption and drug and arms trade. Many of the
               | allegations were proven or confirmed by those involved
               | but almost no action was taken. When it come time to make
               | a video about Erdogan, he was silenced. At that time
               | Turkey and the Saudis had very bad relations, probably
               | that's why he went to Saudi Arabia. When the video time
               | come to Erdogan, the relationships begin to improve, the
               | saudis intervened and the video about Erdogan never came.
               | Here is his YouTube channel, if you are curious about the
               | Mobster: https://www.youtube.com/c/sedatpekerreis/videos
               | 
               | He got 180 million views! He promised that the next video
               | will be about Erdogan and that video never came.
               | 
               | Tosuncuk, or his real name Mehmet Aydin, is a high school
               | dropout who build an online pyramid scheme in form of a
               | game like farmville. When the scheme collapsed he run
               | away to South America, keeping close to a billion of USD.
               | The exact sum is debatable because he started buying
               | Bitcoins just before the 2018 Bitcoin bull market and run
               | away with unknown amounts of Bitcoins. Just this year,
               | somehow he decided to turn himself in and is promising
               | that he has all the money he collected and can pay back
               | everyone. Again, there were photos of his affiliates
               | posing with the Interior minister and the relatives of
               | the interior minister.
               | 
               | Fascinating stuff are happening in Turkey, sometimes I
               | feel bad for those who don't speak Turkish. Serious next
               | level corruption and drama have been happening the past
               | few years and don't get me started about the stuff that
               | happened from 2013 to 2016. Just amazing. BTW, Turkey's
               | GDP has been in free fall since 2013 and it's definitely
               | not a coincidence.
        
           | johnmaguire wrote:
           | Does 1981 qualify as a millennial? Do generational terms make
           | sense in an international context? Hmm...
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | The questions will still be asked at some point. Are you
         | exchanging it for cash? If so, how are you getting the cash
         | back to your home country? If to a local bank account, how do
         | you transfer it back to the US (or another country) without
         | raising flags?
        
           | zaik wrote:
           | This is likely a solved problem for people who are in the
           | money laundering business.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | And doing things like this are quite likely to make you guilty
         | of money laundering, it can of course be noticed if you're
         | withdrawing large amounts of money from outside the country.
        
           | m00dy wrote:
           | That's the thing. I am super bullish on El Salvador. I think
           | It could be next Switzerland in the new world order.
        
             | vineyardmike wrote:
             | > I think It could be next Switzerland in the new world
             | order.
             | 
             | Could be, but i suspect there are a lot more laws and
             | historic reasons for the swiss status than just banking.
        
           | choeger wrote:
           | The irony is that a blockchain is the perfect tool to get rid
           | of any form of money laundering: A permanent public record of
           | each transaction. You can always run a simple program that
           | checks your financial history against a blacklist.
           | 
           | Now the problem with such a system is also quite obvious:
           | Money laundering poisons the whole economy. If you could
           | follow every dollar, you would likely find out it was at some
           | point part of the profit from a criminal operation.
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | I'm curious how long that is going to last. Can the US not
         | allow El Salvador to use US currency?
        
           | anonporridge wrote:
           | How would they stop them? Invade and depose the
           | democratically elected president, then setup a puppet
           | government to do their will?
        
             | 09bjb wrote:
             | It wouldn't be the first time...or second, or third, or
             | fourth, or fifth...
             | 
             | Source: https://www.amazon.com/Overthrow-Americas-Century-
             | Regime-Cha...
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > How would they stop them? Invade and depose the
             | democratically elected president, then setup a puppet
             | government to do their will?
             | 
             | Are you at all familiar with Latin American history? That's
             | hardly an unprecedented US response to ideological,
             | commercial, or other differences.
        
             | oh_sigh wrote:
             | Threaten to cut diplomatic ties, prevent US banks from
             | doing business with El Salvador, prevent USD remittances,
             | make transferring BTC to El Salvadorans illegal, etc.
        
             | nawgz wrote:
             | You got it!
        
               | anonporridge wrote:
               | 'murica! Fuck you now do what we tell you!
        
             | dilap wrote:
             | That'd be extreme, but there would be all sorts of possible
             | ways.
             | 
             | See eg
             | 
             | https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/oct/23/gough
             | -...
        
             | Permit wrote:
             | Lots of jokes about invading or overthrowing the gov't but
             | I believe they would just cut El Savador off from the U.S.
             | financial system entirely.
             | 
             | The same thing was applied to a handful of Chinese and Hong
             | Kong officials. See: https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-
             | economy/article/3098691/h...
             | 
             | > The extensive and complex nature of the US financial
             | system means non-US international banks would most likely
             | comply with the Hong Kong sanction requests to safeguard
             | their overseas network and US dollar-denominated
             | transactions that are ultimately cleared in the US by
             | passing through the US Clearing House Interbank Payments
             | System (Chips).
             | 
             | My understanding is that if you do not comply you are
             | basically unable to trade in USD.
        
               | jdasdf wrote:
               | > Lots of jokes about invading or overthrowing the gov't
               | but I believe they would just cut El Savador off from the
               | U.S. financial system entirely.
               | 
               | Good thing they're using bitcoin now!
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | m00dy wrote:
           | It is obvious that we are not going back to Petro-dollar
           | system.
        
           | SilasX wrote:
           | I assume it would be more like requiring US exchanges to
           | reject bitcoin from El Salvador addresses. I know people have
           | been stung before on this exchanges for having deposited or
           | withdrawn bitcoin that is too few hops from a prohibited use
           | like gambling. (But don't have cites atm.)
        
         | perl4ever wrote:
         | I know of an ATM that claims to deal in bitcoin, in the
         | basement of a government building in the US. I don't know how
         | it works though, as I haven't tried it.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | If this allows US dollars to be laundered for drug money this
         | is actually not a terrible idea.
        
         | Geee wrote:
         | Which countries are you referring to? No identification is
         | required when exchanging peer to peer, and it's not illegal to
         | exchange peer to peer. I don't know any countries where this
         | would be forbidden.
         | 
         | You can use service like https://hodlhodl.com to exchange peer
         | to peer without questions or identification.
         | 
         | If you're using your bank account, then it's not completely
         | private. However, cash trades are always possible.
         | 
         | On the other hand, Chivo requires strong identification with
         | passport, so it's hardly a wormhole.
        
           | m00dy wrote:
           | I'm not talking about p2p exchange. I'm talking about
           | injecting your bitcoins to legacy financial system without
           | any question.
        
             | Geee wrote:
             | Do you have any source for that claim? As far as I know,
             | banks in El Salvador follow all international KYC/AML-
             | regulations.
        
               | m00dy wrote:
               | >> international KYC/AML-regulations
               | 
               | I busted out loud at this one :). Of course they will
               | follow "International KYC/AML regulations"
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >and it's not illegal to exchange peer to peer. I don't know
           | any countries where this would be forbidden.
           | 
           | You're right that it's not technically illegal, if you can
           | somehow find another private person (ie. not a business) to
           | transact with, but good luck finding a supply of those. I
           | suspect someone that makes those transactions enough would
           | get classified as a money service business and would be
           | subject to KYC/AML requirements.
        
           | modeless wrote:
           | > No identification is required when exchanging peer to peer,
           | and it's not illegal
           | 
           | People have been prosecuted for the crime of exchanging
           | bitcoin for dollars in person-to-person meetings. It's
           | probably not illegal to do it once for a small amount for a
           | friend, but it absolutely is illegal in the US to do it
           | regularly or for many people or for large amounts.
        
         | goldcd wrote:
         | You post me dollar bills and your address, and I'll send you
         | back BTC for a 10% deduction.
         | 
         | Or you could buy/sell some art anonymously? Or just pop down to
         | vegas?
        
       | jbverschoor wrote:
       | > "It took my money but gave me nothing,"
       | 
       | Sounds like any government or bank
        
         | kevingadd wrote:
         | What do you mean? I'm struggling to think of any examples here
         | other than police stealing people's money. I don't understand
         | the bank comparison here at all, deposits in most banks are
         | insured.
        
       | goldcd wrote:
       | If you're paying for some chicken wings, then you're clearly not
       | actually paying with bitcoin as the transaction fee would cost
       | more than your dinner.
       | 
       | From the sound of it the "Chivo app" is what you have to use - so
       | government must be banking bitcoin and then issuing "Chivo-money"
       | that's actually exchanged, backed by the bitcoin reserve.
       | 
       | Bit like the old 'gold standard'. What's interesting though, is
       | that the transfers are going to be asymmetric - bitcoins being
       | sent in as remittance, then traded internally as Chivo-coins. I
       | guess there has to be a mechanism to allow conversion back to BTC
       | (and then maybe dollars) to import goods - but the circulating
       | Chivo-coin is value that's been conjured out of thin air (as long
       | as there's confidence it's still backed up with BTC).
       | 
       | All quite fascinating - either a stroke of genius, or a disaster
       | in the making.
        
         | m00dy wrote:
         | You are 5 light-years away from crypto industry.
        
           | goldcd wrote:
           | I clearly am. I'll see if I can downvote myself.
        
         | tvhahn wrote:
         | You're wrong. They are completing bitcoin transactions on
         | lightning network, which is built upon the base bitcoin block
         | chain (it's a layer two). Thus, the cost of spending bitcoin
         | for some chicken wings is virtually free.
        
         | I_am_tiberius wrote:
         | Chivo uses the lightning network - transaction fees are close
         | to 0!
        
           | anonporridge wrote:
           | Correction.
           | 
           | Chivo is compatible with the lightning network, but Chivo to
           | Chivo transactions are just centralized database updates.
           | 
           | That's still really great, because people are perfectly free
           | to use any other LN app (both custodied and self-custodied
           | options available) to interact with Chivo users if they don't
           | trust the El Salvador government app.
           | 
           | This open network is why Bitcoin + Lightning will win.
        
             | I_am_tiberius wrote:
             | Ok, thanks!
        
         | glenvdb wrote:
         | People still talking about high Bitcoin transaction fees
         | pretending like the Lightning Network doesn't exist... it's
         | almost as though they aren't keeping up with latest
         | developments in the space, instead relying on old information
         | they formed their initial opinion on.
         | 
         | Also El Salvadorians can use any app/wallet they want to
         | transact over Bitcoin/LN. However, the government provides
         | incentives to use Chivo. If the government is too exploitative
         | people will move away from Chivo.
        
           | gus_massa wrote:
           | Once Chivo has 50% of the market, can they add a fee to send
           | the BTC from/to other Lightning wallets?
           | 
           | Is there any guaranty that the database in Chivo is 100%
           | backed by BTC?
        
         | throaway6942 wrote:
         | Chivo is a fiat on/off to bitcoin lightning network. You are
         | free to use any lightning supported wallet, maybe even Twitter.
         | 
         | If you are a merchant you can accept BTC via lightning but
         | settle in USD if you wish.
         | 
         | Transactions costs are around $0.0005.
        
       | DantesKite wrote:
       | This just sounds like a way for the President of El Salvador to
       | become a billionaire.
        
       | wyck wrote:
       | Reuters articles don't belong here.
        
       | maerF0x0 wrote:
       | Another side effect of this is someone like me is curious in
       | going there just to use BTC for the fun of it. It would be
       | interesting to know if there are other such tourist dollars as a
       | side effect
        
         | fleddr wrote:
         | There's little fun to be had. The store owner holds up a QR
         | code, you scan it and hit OK. Done. Money wired.
        
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