[HN Gopher] Cloudflare doesn't have to cut off copyright-infring...
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       Cloudflare doesn't have to cut off copyright-infringing websites,
       judge rules
        
       Author : eastdakota
       Score  : 147 points
       Date   : 2021-10-07 19:39 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arstechnica.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arstechnica.com)
        
       | GaryTang wrote:
       | Huge win for the people!
        
       | nawgz wrote:
       | Not a lawyer, but this seems like a good result for the internet.
        
         | t-writescode wrote:
         | You were downvoted at my time of reading this; but, I have to
         | agree. We constantly talk about how copyright enforcement on
         | memes, etc, would break the internet, and we're constantly
         | yelling about YouTube breaking Fair Use exceptions of
         | copyrighted material, and so on.
         | 
         | Cloudflare _not_ being forced to take down content due to
         | claimed copyright infringement seems exactly in line with
         | protecting the internet and freedom of thought and creativity
         | as a whole.
         | 
         | I'd love to know why people are against it.
         | 
         | They can still _choose_ to take down copyright infringing
         | material, but they 're not obligated by power of the gun /
         | legal / monetary / use-of-force rammifications.
         | 
         | Edit: disclosure: of course I'm not a lawyer, etc, blah blah.
        
           | 0des wrote:
           | You know cloudflare still chooses arbitrarily to remove sites
           | from their service, right? What we are talking about here is
           | one small sliver of the pie, so while this one thing (piracy)
           | wont get you yanked, your political beliefs will (and have).
           | 
           | Cloudflare has great utility that benefits a lot of us, but I
           | think some day we will realize how much this centralization
           | is a tradeoff that hurts the internet as a whole, no matter
           | how cool the people are who work there.
        
             | strken wrote:
             | The centralisation isn't Cloudflare's fault, it's the
             | consequence of a world where botnets can pump 100gbps at
             | you.
             | 
             | What's the trade-off here? They protect you from DDoS
             | attacks and it's great, vs they don't and your site goes
             | down? I don't really understand what's being traded off
             | here.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | They protect you from DDoS attacks, except:
               | 
               | * They see - and usually HTTPS MitM, all the traffic. (I
               | trust them not to abuse that... just about.)
               | 
               | * When Cloudflare goes down (which it does), lots of
               | stuff goes down at once. Your redundancy is for nothing.
               | 
               | * Centralisation of power enables abuse of power; no
               | matter how good you are, you _will_ abuse your power. I
               | (a _generally_ well-meaning person) have relatively
               | little power, so my small abuses basically harm nobody.
               | Cloudflare has massive power, so its small abuses can
               | harm tens of people each.
               | 
               | * Their CAPTCHA walls reduce accessibility, discriminate
               | against Tor users, and make Cloudflare-"protected" sites
               | unusable on a wide variety of systems. Since Cloudflare's
               | the only Cloudflare, a webmaster who doesn't like this
               | basically has to lump it.
        
       | edude03 wrote:
       | Happy to hear it.
        
       | partiallypro wrote:
       | We have a client that had someone make a direct copy of their
       | website, same branding, same everything and put it on a domain
       | running through Cloudflare. We've reached out to Cloudflare to
       | get them to take it down but nothing has been done. You also have
       | a Cloudflare account to file a complaint, which I found to be
       | odd. We're a Cloudflare customer too...but still that shouldn't
       | be a hoop you have to jump through. Now there is this identical
       | phishing site out there that Cloudflare reverse proxies and we
       | can't see who registered the domain or who hosts the site (since
       | Cloudflare masks the IPs.)
        
         | akersten wrote:
         | You (your client) can still subpoena Cloudflare for the
         | customer's IP if you can get a court to agree that it's
         | infringement and then go after the upstream host. That's seems
         | like a solution compatible with this ruling, and an appropriate
         | amount of lift.
        
         | ohazi wrote:
         | This really doesn't seem like Cloudflare's problem.
         | 
         | Did banks sue the Ford dealer for selling big V8 getaway cars
         | to bank robbers? Or the city for operating the roads that they
         | used to get away? Or the toll collector for letting the bank
         | robbers cross a bridge after they paid the toll?
         | 
         | No, because any of those things would have been ridiculous.
         | 
         | At some point we as a society are going to have to get off this
         | intellectual property high horse.
         | 
         | Maybe we should stop trying to protect things that are easy to
         | copy like website designs and wedding dresses. The enormous
         | effort to try and protect these things damages society more
         | than the benefit that even a successful outcome might have for
         | a rights holder.
        
           | pfundstein wrote:
           | That's a flawed analogy, cloudflare here provides cover for
           | these dodgy sites to hide behind. Cloudflare here is not only
           | the V8 supercar but the getaway driver as well.
        
             | noahtallen wrote:
             | So in that case, wouldn't the right way to handle it be to
             | get a warrant to have Cloudflare give you the identity so
             | that they can be prosecuted under copyright law? And if
             | there is no law being broken, Cloudflare doesn't have a
             | responsibility to do anything. You wouldn't want a company
             | to reveal your identity just because someone asked nicely.
             | You'd want a judge to approve a warrant.
        
           | dymk wrote:
           | A Ford dealership would be liable for selling counterfeit
           | Fords, or at least would be responsible for helping track
           | down where that counterfeit came from.
        
             | 0des wrote:
             | dymk, while you prompted this post, this has nothing to do
             | with you, so ear muff it for a sec if you don't mind.
             | 
             | If I may briefly stand on my soapbox: I'm starting to think
             | analogies _never_ help prove a point. No matter how
             | relevant or true they might be, someone will pull some
             | comparison out of the _analogy_ and use that to detract
             | from the main point being compared and expect that
             | comparison to be a valid rebuttal, often to great popular
             | success. Anybody else notice this?
        
               | dymk wrote:
               | Absolutely. My post is really making a meta point about
               | the analogies I see here. You can make an analogy that
               | makes any point you want if you stretch it enough.
               | 
               | Fight bad analogies with bad analogies. Show off how
               | useless a tool they are.
        
               | chc wrote:
               | When used well, analogies aren't meant to prove a point,
               | they're to illustrate a point. It is actually useful for
               | two people to offer different analogies that they think
               | are appropriate, because it helps to show their point of
               | view. What is useless is treating an analogy as though it
               | had the force of argument.
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | Cloudflare's not selling the website. Is the Ford
             | dealership liable when you show up at their door, ask how
             | to get to 1308 Halifax, they direct you there, and then the
             | people at 1308 Halifax sell you a counterfeit Ford?
             | 
             | Is the landlord at 1308 Halifax liable when his tenants
             | sell someone a counterfeit Ford?
        
             | jaytaylor wrote:
             | ..otherwise Ford will hurt financially?
             | 
             | This is not a comparable analogy, CF isn't selling each
             | website you visit.
             | 
             | They are providing Privacy and Security via 100% automated
             | tools.
             | 
             | Perhaps take it up with the registrar, or file a lawsuit
             | against CF and the Reg and get a court ordered TakeDown.
             | There are avenues of resolution for such disputes, if one
             | is passionate enough to exercise them.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | partiallypro wrote:
           | > Maybe we should stop trying to protect things that are easy
           | to copy like website designs and wedding dresses.
           | 
           | Right, but the website is being used to scam customers and
           | steal their information. So, that's not even the same thing.
           | It's like Cloudflare protecting people that send out spam
           | phishing emails that look like PayPal, etc. It's not just
           | because the site was copied outright, though that's bad
           | enough. It's about tricking customers entirely. It's
           | literally fraud.
        
             | dpifke wrote:
             | Crimes should be investigated by law enforcement, not
             | Cloudflare.
             | 
             | Cloudflare is not Batman.
             | 
             | (Edit to add: yes, I'm aware law enforcement is often
             | useless when it comes to cybercrime. But that's what we
             | need to fix, rather than encouraging private companies to
             | act as vigilantes.)
        
         | Causality1 wrote:
         | What due process do you believe Cloudflare should implement
         | with regards to claims that a particular site on their service
         | deserves to be booted?
        
           | markdown wrote:
           | DMCA?
        
         | brundolf wrote:
         | Could that be treated as a trademark issue rather than a
         | copyright issue?
        
         | henhouse wrote:
         | Cloudflare forwards DMCA copyright infringement complaints to
         | the hosting provider, probably automatically to an abuse@
         | domain that it can detect. I'm not sure if they do the same for
         | any other copyright claims, but they do pass it on to the
         | parties that should be involved.
        
           | adrr wrote:
           | But don't they store the copyrighted content on their
           | servers? It's one thing just to be a transit mechanism it's
           | another thing to store and serve copyrighted material like a
           | hosting a provider.
        
             | dymk wrote:
             | Well, they don't _not_ store it - their whole dealio is
             | they cache website content on their servers. Not forever,
             | but they're not just a transit mechanism.
        
             | jedberg wrote:
             | If someone ships drugs through UPS, and it sits in a UPS
             | warehouse for a few days, did UPS store drugs? Technically
             | yes, but should they be liable for that?
        
         | markdown wrote:
         | > You also have a Cloudflare account to file a complaint, which
         | I found to be odd. We're a Cloudflare customer too...but still
         | that shouldn't be a hoop you have to jump through.
         | 
         | I was once locked out of my Cloudflare account, and I couldn't
         | contact them because to do so... required an account /*
         | facepalm */
         | 
         | FYI, the way around this is to send an email to
         | support@cloudflare.com. This isn't mentioned anywhere on the
         | public-facing website.
         | 
         | A truly bizarre way to treat paying customers.
        
       | johnklos wrote:
       | They lied to the judge:
       | 
       | "[R]emoving material from a cache without removing it from the
       | hosting server would not prevent the direct infringement from
       | occurring," Chhabria wrote.
       | 
       | That's just patently untrue.
       | 
       | A web site using Cloudflare's services isn't available to the
       | Internet once Cloudflare stops providing services, until the
       | site's hosting is meaningfully reconfigured.
       | 
       | You can't say it's just caching, because you can't access the
       | site in any reasonably normal way via any method other than going
       | through Cloudflare. That's just plain old bullshit.
        
         | indymike wrote:
         | Depends on configuration. Setting up a failover where if the
         | CDN/ cache fails or is removed, the request is routed to a live
         | server is more than possible.
        
         | sodality2 wrote:
         | > That's just patently untrue.
         | 
         | Removing it from the cache does nothing except making
         | Cloudflare drop it. If Cloudflare "removes material from their
         | cache" it DOESN'T prevent any infringement, because the request
         | will hit the main server (and possibly Cloudflare will cache
         | it).
         | 
         | If cloudflare _kicks them off_ , that's different than just
         | "removing material from the cache" which seems to be what the
         | argument is.
        
         | onion2k wrote:
         | As I understand it Cloudflare is essentially a caching proxy.
         | If the site isn't in the cache then Cloudflare fetches it and
         | passes it on, and also saves it in the cache for the subsequent
         | requests. Removing it from the cache will just make every
         | request look like it's the first one.
        
         | rsstack wrote:
         | > Mon Cheri Bridals and Maggie Sottero Designs alleged that
         | Cloudflare contributes to copyright infringement by providing
         | performance-improvement services, including its content-
         | distribution network and caching capabilities that improve the
         | quality of webpages and make them load faster, Chhabria wrote.
         | But the "plaintiffs have not presented evidence from which a
         | jury could conclude that Cloudflare's performance-improvement
         | services materially contribute to copyright infringement. The
         | plaintiffs' only evidence of the effects of these services is
         | promotional material from Cloudflare's website touting the
         | benefits of its services. These general statements do not speak
         | to the effects of Cloudflare on the direct infringement at
         | issue here."
         | 
         | > The plaintiffs did not prove that the faster website-load
         | times enabled by Cloudflare "would be likely to lead to
         | significantly more infringement." Additionally, Cloudflare
         | removing infringing material from its cache would not prevent
         | users from seeing the copyrighted images. "[R]emoving material
         | from a cache without removing it from the hosting server would
         | not prevent the direct infringement from occurring," Chhabria
         | wrote.
         | 
         | The claim was that the caching of the copyright infringing
         | content is an issue. Cloudflare said "that can't be the issue".
         | 
         | You took the last sentence of the second paragraph out of its
         | context.
        
         | badrabbit wrote:
         | Removal from cache means they act as a reverse proxy, it does
         | not mean they take it down. But even if that was the case, who
         | is to say the site isn't using their real IP as fallback in
         | their DNS setup? Why does meaningful reconfiguration matter? Is
         | thay effort enough to thwart hosting of infringing content? Are
         | there no CDN providers outside of america?
        
           | zozbot234 wrote:
           | A site that's acting as a reverse proxy could block these
           | requests altogether _in addition_ to not caching them. If the
           | browser receives a 451 error ( "Unavailable for Legal
           | Reasons") when requesting some offending image, there isn't a
           | trivial mechanism to redirect that request to the "real
           | site", at least not without forgoing Cloudflare services
           | altogether.
        
             | badrabbit wrote:
             | Yes but that is exactly CF's defense, they are only
             | transporting it so just like an ISP they are not liable for
             | blocking it. Every ISP can also block infringing content.
        
         | ericd wrote:
         | Maybe you simply misunderstood the context and so their
         | meaning? Sounds more likely than them committing perjury.
        
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       (page generated 2021-10-07 23:00 UTC)