[HN Gopher] Android wallpaper images can threaten privacy
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       Android wallpaper images can threaten privacy
        
       Author : Daniel_sk
       Score  : 98 points
       Date   : 2021-10-07 19:32 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (fingerprintjs.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (fingerprintjs.com)
        
       | no_time wrote:
       | Interesting article but its rich as fuck coming from a company
       | whose sole product is weaponizing the ever increasing scope of
       | browsers against users
        
         | basicplus2 wrote:
         | I take the article as an advert to say 'use us to fingerprint
         | people, we are always thinking of different ways to reliably
         | finger people'
        
         | bogwog wrote:
         | Yeah I don't know how to interpret this article. Is it a
         | warning to users about a new threat to privacy, or is it an
         | announcement to customers about improved tracking capabilities
         | in Android 12/a potential product update?
         | 
         | Even if it's just some inbound marketing blog spam bullshit,
         | why would a company whose business it is to violate and exploit
         | privacy want to post an article that will attract people who
         | are concerned about privacy?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | zaik wrote:
       | > This color extraction algorithm is basically a map from the set
       | of all possible images to the RGB color space. The set is
       | infinite and the RGB color space is limited by 2^24 combinations.
       | Theoretically, this means every RGB combination is possible.
       | 
       | I know this is missing the point of the article, but this is not
       | how the pigeonhole principle works.
        
       | vorejdajo wrote:
       | It's not constant. I expect that people change wallpaper
       | frequently.
        
         | eric__cartman wrote:
         | It's been more than a year since I last changed my wallpaper.
        
           | bbarnett wrote:
           | I've used the same wallpaper on every computing device I've
           | owned, for the last 26 years.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | Unfortunately, constancy is irrelevant. If a malicious app is
         | using this API to locate you, it can detect when your wallpaper
         | changes and use its app_id (unchanged) plus wallpaper
         | fingerprint (changed) to phone home with "Yo, this user's
         | wallpaper thumprint is now Y."
        
         | Daniel_sk wrote:
         | I don't think an average person changes wallpapers frequently.
        
         | MrDresden wrote:
         | Android dev here. Still have the same default wallpaper as my
         | Pixel 3 came with 3 years ago.
        
         | gambiting wrote:
         | Do they? I've had the same "live wave animation"(that looks
         | like the PS3's XBM menu) for at least 5 years now and I don't
         | see any reason to change it.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | _how_ am I being tracked from this? It takes pages to get to the
       | point where supposedly the wallpaper color reduction could be
       | unique enough ....but when is that going to be used to track me?
       | Or rather, who is going to depend on that to track me across the
       | device? Stretch no?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | techrat wrote:
         | Color theme is generated from Wallpaper.
         | 
         | Color theme consists of at least 3 colors taken from the
         | wallpaper.
         | 
         | At least 3 unique colors is enough to make the user potentially
         | uniquely identifiable, depending on how rare the color combos
         | are.
         | 
         | 224 (R8G8B8) combinations for every color times 3 colors means
         | 272 combinations.
         | 
         | And there are color samples taken from potentially two
         | different wallpapers.
         | 
         | Other apps have access to the colors picked for the theme
         | generated from the wallpaper so they can theme themselves
         | accordingly.
         | 
         | This means an app can use your color theme (of 3 or 6 colors)
         | as a nearly unique fingerprint. The odds of collision for
         | smaller apps (sub 1 million downloads) are pretty damn low.
        
         | healsdata wrote:
         | It generates a unique fingerprint for your phone that can be
         | used across apps without permissions. So if you have multiple
         | apps using the same ad network SDK, each of them will get the
         | same unique fingerprint for you and can tie your activity
         | together. If you're logged into one of the apps, then your
         | activity across all the apps can be tied to your login even
         | when you change your wallpaper.
        
       | izacus wrote:
       | Most apps will skip all that and just ask you to login before
       | working. Much easier and they get your email ;)
        
       | jeroenhd wrote:
       | Although this is an interesting, novel method, there are so many
       | fingerprinting capable APIs in native code that I don't think
       | this matters much.
       | 
       | Many apps I use daily require internal storage permissions and a
       | bunch of them drop random dotfiles with magical IDs in there.
       | Xiaomi even dumps a world readable unique device ID on the
       | emulated SD card. Not all apps require external storage
       | permissions, but even then there's tons of APIs that can be used
       | to fingerprint the device.
       | 
       | Google is trying their absolute hardest to reduce the
       | fingerprinting surface but as long as system APIs that work with
       | user content like these exist, there will always be something to
       | fingerprint users by. If everything else fails, you could just
       | embed a webview that uses all the javascript stalking we've grown
       | so accustomed to.
       | 
       | It's sad but I don't think you can prevent native code from
       | fingerprinting your device. The sandbox just isn't tight enough
       | and users are too willing to give out permissions.
       | 
       | I can see Google using a predefined set of colours in some update
       | instead of the raw colour values to combat this, but that's only
       | one of many ways apps abuse their users' devices. Unless app
       | stores kick out apps that fingerprint devices, I don't think
       | we'll see any non-fingerprinted devices any time soon.
        
         | amatecha wrote:
         | "trying their absolute hardest to reduce the fingerprinting
         | surface"... for anyone else :)
        
           | ignoramous wrote:
           | Yes, they indeed are. Though, it could be argued that Google
           | doesn't want anyone _else_ fingerprinting 3B+ Android users
           | other than themselves. Most of their apps ( "gapps") are pre-
           | installed with backdoor privileges that can bypass sandbox
           | restrictions in-place for every other (non-OEM) app.
        
             | magicalist wrote:
             | > _Most of their apps ( "gapps") are pre-installed with
             | backdoor privileges that can bypass sandbox restrictions
             | in-place for every other (non-OEM) app_
             | 
             | Hadn't heard about this. Like what?
        
         | SeriousM wrote:
         | Could fuchsia be the solution to this? It's a fresh start and
         | no company is depending on any of its api. But I guess fuchsia
         | is a flaw for its own because of google...
        
           | bayindirh wrote:
           | I would assume the opposite. Why a company which makes money
           | from tracking users for many reasons develops an OS which
           | prevents tracking?
           | 
           | My guess is that it'd be an OS which would perform tasks
           | Google needs to stay as Google better than Android, and
           | Google may sell these capabilities to devs to further
           | _enhance_ their bottom line.
        
         | saurik wrote:
         | > Unless app stores kick out apps that fingerprint devices, I
         | don't think we'll see any non-fingerprinted devices any time
         | soon.
         | 
         | Talk about throwing out the baby with the bath water on making
         | Apple and Google the equivalent of government with the ability
         | to define the rules on all software that anyone can exist
         | without even considering using actual government :(.
        
         | bbarnett wrote:
         | _Google is trying their absolute hardest to reduce the
         | fingerprinting surface_
         | 
         | Really? If true, it's so they will be the only source of such
         | tracking info.
         | 
         | Google is like the one eye, it never stops seeking, looking,
         | tracking you.
        
           | vineyardmike wrote:
           | > If true, it's so they will be the only source of such
           | tracking info.
           | 
           | So... they're reducing their competition? Sounds anti-
           | competitive. They wouldn't know anything about that though.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >Many apps I use daily require internal storage permissions and
         | a bunch of them drop random dotfiles with magical IDs in there.
         | Xiaomi even dumps a world readable unique device ID on the
         | emulated SD card.
         | 
         | They're fixing this with soon with scoped storage api.
        
       | curiousgal wrote:
       | I mean apps already have access to your device ID, no?
        
         | Daniel_sk wrote:
         | They don't - without special permissions on newer Android
         | versions (10+). There is an ANDROID_ID but it's scoped to your
         | application on Android 8.0+, reinstalling the same app signed
         | with same key will give you the same key but it returns a
         | different value in other apps. This way you can't use for
         | cross-app tracking.
         | 
         | https://developer.android.com/training/articles/user-data-id...
         | 
         | https://developer.android.com/reference/android/provider/Set...
        
           | judge2020 wrote:
           | How does Google share logins between different apps then? Is
           | there some shared keybag/storage location that only works for
           | the developer's own apps (and is it scoped to the actual
           | developer account, not one that different developers can
           | collude to use together)?
        
             | smitop wrote:
             | Apps that have the same signing keys can share code and
             | data: https://developer.android.com/studio/publish/app-
             | signing#con...
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | Daniel_sk wrote:
             | I am not sure what mechanism is Google using. But Android
             | apps can talk to each other on the same device and you can
             | restrict this to only applications that are signed with the
             | same certificate (and this is guarded at the OS level).
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >How does Google share logins between different apps then?
             | 
             | google play services
        
             | azurezyq wrote:
             | It seems that you don't use Android. There's an account
             | system apps can use in the os.
             | 
             | Just checked mine, I can see Google, Facebook, Reddit and
             | quite a lot others there
        
       | ohazi wrote:
       | Modern high-end phones use OLED displays. Save your battery and
       | set your background to black.
        
         | edoceo wrote:
         | Picture of the family thanks. Gotta remember why I carry around
         | this beeping shit box.
        
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       (page generated 2021-10-07 23:00 UTC)