[HN Gopher] No-code in manufacturing: automation without program...
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       No-code in manufacturing: automation without programming
        
       Author : stelza26
       Score  : 57 points
       Date   : 2021-10-07 16:25 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.smartindustry.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.smartindustry.com)
        
       | lifeisstillgood wrote:
       | I often claim software is a new form of literacy. And I see no-
       | code as the equivalent of cutting up all the frames from marvel
       | comics and tippexing out the speech bubbles, then handing them to
       | some illiterate and saying "hey, you can write your own story now
       | !"
       | 
       | It's not how we (as a society) need to handle this.
       | 
       | Edit: i.e. that is not empowering the illiterate.
        
         | drewcoo wrote:
         | Sorta like Dinosaur Comics with user-generated content? I like
         | it!
         | 
         | https://www.qwantz.com
        
         | WFHRenaissance wrote:
         | I think the issue with your analogy is that no-code programming
         | is more like cutting up all of the idioms and narrative
         | elements (in abstract) from Marvel comics and offering them to
         | an illiterate and saying "Tell me a story using these parts".
         | Ultimately, storytelling is composed of tropes. Every once in a
         | while a breakthrough is made in aesthetic/narrative style, but
         | that's just a new feature for a no-code platform. Not everyone
         | needs to be writing bleeding edge or avant-garde software - a
         | lot of people just need simple and reliable internal tools.
        
       | LeifCarrotson wrote:
       | As a controls engineer who has integrated dozens of automated
       | manufacturing cells, I have to say: none of the salespeople I
       | interact with have buzzword densities this high! As nbzso
       | mentioned, the higher you climb the less oxygen there is...
       | 
       | There's definitely a need for some kind of simplified programming
       | that's understandable at different levels. Simplest is for an
       | operator, then by a maintenance technician, by a line engineer,
       | by a controls engineer at an integrator (like me), and by
       | applications engineers at manufacturers and distributors. The
       | operator needs a minimal number of adjustments - this part number
       | might have a harder material and need to run at a reduced speed,
       | or be highly porous and need more adhesive dispensed. That kind
       | of hour-by-hour adjustment is typically custom-built into an HMI
       | by the controls engineer. The tools themselves need to be
       | debugged by maintenance techs, the robot code on a teach pendant
       | or the ladder logic in a PLC are those languages. Hopefully, the
       | maintenance tech doesn't have to touch the structure of the
       | program, just some of the conditions or values for certain steps.
       | Programs increasingly expose data at certain parts of the cycle
       | to external databases. That's the "4IR" or "Fourth Industrial
       | Revolution" or "Industry 4.0" component, or just a spreadsheet
       | export, depending on your altitude. T Whether that data is
       | analyzed in Excel, an MES dashboard, or a Python script depends
       | on the consumer.
       | 
       | There are DSLs at all levels, none of those people are writing
       | assembly language. But "No code" proponents typically remove too
       | much flexibility to the level of the implementor of the product,
       | far removed from the end user.
        
         | zwieback wrote:
         | Came here to say the same thing. I've been in automation for a
         | loong time and this article seems like an AI-generated jumble
         | of buzzwords.
         | 
         | Maybe in adjacent fields no code and IoT is a thing but in
         | mainstream manufacturing automation I'm not really encountering
         | it. It feels like we just moved a bit past PLCs and proprietary
         | field busses. The main added value is not normally in rapidly
         | changing SW that's generated by non-programmers.
        
         | craftinator wrote:
         | > But "No code" proponents typically remove too much
         | flexibility to the level of the implementor of the product, far
         | removed from the end user.
         | 
         | Not only do they remove flexibility, but they often introduce
         | "magic" that is too difficult to debug when dealing with live
         | industrial systems. It's fairly simple to go through a bunch of
         | iterations with a debugger in a standard programming
         | environment. As soon as your dealing with a sprawling realtime
         | physical system, you can't do that.
        
       | dsaavy wrote:
       | As a consultant in the business automation and data space, the
       | promised "paradigm-shift" is sort-of accurate but a little too
       | optimistic in what the author believes the implications are.
       | 
       | No-code/low-code has been a game changer in many ways for
       | businesses. It lets people dip their toes into improving their
       | efficiency and productivity with low-hanging automations and
       | simple apps. These things can have huge payoffs. And if you stick
       | within that realm, it actually is a paradigm-shift to be able to
       | build solutions as a non-tech person.
       | 
       | But there's always a point where you:
       | 
       | 1. need more complex no-code/low-code solutions to get big pay-
       | offs 2. have a mess of so many no-code/low-code solutions that
       | they end up causing tons of maintenance/issues and you have
       | trouble getting all your separate solutions to play nicely
       | together
       | 
       | You end up spending a lot of money to get someone who is very
       | advanced with those no-code/low-code tools (which usually ends up
       | with code solutions inside of those tools), or end up building
       | completely custom solutions anyway.
       | 
       | Also, there are a lot of nuances in what could be considered
       | no/low-code. This article isn't too clear on which types of
       | applications are considered no/low-code, and throws out
       | everything from cellular-IoT infrastructure to MES. Is something
       | like Tableau low-code? Or are we talking more about the Zapier
       | kind of tools? Both of those examples have giant roadblocks once
       | you get to a certain point, where you need some type of
       | dev/architect knowledge to really get the most use out of the
       | tools.
        
       | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
       | It seems like every few years, we get to experience a wave of 'no
       | code' solutions with varying degrees of success. LiveCode isn't
       | too bad, but there is still some code there. Which bring me to my
       | next point, the way it is described, this solution still appears
       | to be coding... under guise of moving things around in GUI. Don't
       | complex programs have the same kind of flow at the very outset of
       | the design process?
       | 
       | I dunno. Maybe its time to get coffee. It is being a long day.
        
         | jkhdigital wrote:
         | Yeah. "No code" is basically just a DSL with a visual (i.e. not
         | just text) encoding.
        
       | tediousdemise wrote:
       | Whenever I see no-code in relation to manufacturing automation,
       | only one piece of software comes to mind and it's LabVIEW.
       | 
       | I have nothing nice to say about LabVIEW. It's the very reason I
       | changed my career from electrical to software engineering.
        
         | ngrilly wrote:
         | What you didn't like about LabVIEW?
        
           | tediousdemise wrote:
           | With LabVIEW, I found the inability to use the git version
           | control system extremely limiting, along with vendor lock-
           | in/licensing and difficulty debugging VIs.
           | 
           | Programming graphically has its merits, but I think for large
           | organizations it ultimately becomes a huge headache when
           | employed in production environments and that they would be
           | better served by a text based programming language such as
           | python. In my opinion, it works far better in lab
           | environments and for rapid prototyping.
        
       | throwme159 wrote:
       | The site is unusable/unreadable on mobile. So many ads.
        
         | munk-a wrote:
         | Get an adblocker - with ublock on desktop I can see literally
         | zero ads on this site (except the sharebar at the end which,
         | honestly, is rather unobtrusively placed)
        
       | all2 wrote:
       | > So, what is no-code? No-code development is perfect for
       | engineers who have zero programming knowledge. It's based on a
       | visual drag-and-drop user interface, with no hand coding required
       | to reach the end goal. It empowers workers to design solutions
       | they need to overcome the challenges they face every day--without
       | writing a single line of code. In 2019, 84% of enterprises across
       | the US, UK, Canada and Australia had already implemented a low-
       | code development tool or platform to take care of some of their
       | coding needs.
       | 
       | This piece is a fluff piece at best. Looks like a "guest blog"
       | entry to advertise for the writer's company [0]
       | 
       | The problem with no/low code is it mirrors a DSL for whatever
       | problem being solved. Anything more general becomes a programming
       | language.
       | 
       | Maybe my understanding of language is limited? I'd love to be
       | wrong about this.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.emnify.com/
        
         | jkhdigital wrote:
         | So there's really two problems that are being conflated in the
         | phrase "no code":
         | 
         | 1. We need a richer library of standardized DSLs for various
         | real-world environments, where the power of a full PL is
         | perhaps too dangerous without excessive training.
         | 
         | 2. The method of specifying algorithms in plain text (i.e.
         | "code") is not intuitive or unapproachable for large numbers of
         | people who could otherwise benefit greatly from the ability to
         | "program" the tools they use.
        
           | wvenable wrote:
           | #2 is the same as arguing that anyone can be a great novel
           | writer because what prevents people from doing that is
           | writing words. So instead of writing, great novels can be
           | created by dragging and dropping story elements, plot points,
           | and characters!
           | 
           | #1 is a different but similar problem. "If only language
           | itself was simpler, people would have an easier time writing
           | novels."
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | My line of thinking on this is "what makes Excel have the
           | combination of simplicity to start and ability/power to scale
           | to fairly complicated workbooks and how to bring that to
           | other fields, including manufacturing?"
           | 
           | We could do a lot worse than excel in a lot of areas I think.
        
             | perl4ever wrote:
             | Excel VBA and Power Query are regular programming
             | languages.
             | 
             | Nothing in particular has been solved by Excel, it's just
             | that the languages that are built in are disdained by
             | software engineers so people assume there's something
             | special about them. It's cultural. You can write a Lisp in
             | VBA if you want.
             | 
             | Microsoft's attempt at low/no code appears to be Power
             | Automate, and it's awful (imo).
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | I'd wager that 99% of all excel workbooks in the world
               | contain no VBA.
               | 
               | Excel's market power is in what you can do in the
               | formulas, interactive exploration, and incremental
               | progress not in the (fairly awful dev-experience) VBA.
        
               | perl4ever wrote:
               | That's true, but the point is, they haven't created
               | anything that bridges the two worlds. They are just
               | there, in coexistence.
               | 
               | Well, then again, I also think you are also falling into
               | the trap of underestimating the amount of VBA code, and
               | businesses built on it, because of your cultural disdain
               | for it.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | I don't have any disdain for Excel or VBA. It's clearly
               | hugely useful, successful, and valuable.
               | 
               | I've written some VBA; the DX is terrible, but I have
               | massive respect for what they've accomplished and I
               | readily reach for it when it's the right tool. I wrote
               | some powershell for a manufacturing site a few weeks ago.
               | Didn't enjoy doing it, but it was the right horse for
               | that course.
        
         | bob1029 wrote:
         | > The problem with no/low code is it mirrors a DSL for whatever
         | problem being solved.
         | 
         | This is the entire advantage too. If you read this like a hard
         | constraint, your new job is to simply make sure you develop a
         | high-quality model of the problem domain. The rest could be put
         | on the business owners, especially if you can teach them a
         | little bit of SQL (the world's most popular DSL).
        
           | mcguire wrote:
           | SQL: one of the original no-coding means of coding. I wonder
           | how many people in the world are paid specifically to write
           | SQL, fix other people's SQL and deal with all the other
           | issues?
        
         | perl4ever wrote:
         | My limited experience with "no/low code" has been that it
         | sacrifices the reuse of logic.
         | 
         | I don't understand how that can possibly substitute for
         | programming, because the reuse and composition of logic is the
         | whole point...isn't it?
         | 
         | It's also the source of complexity, so just making a visual,
         | drag and drop interface isn't going to make development more
         | accessible, I would think. _Less_ , in that it's more
         | cumbersome and expands visually.
         | 
         | My assumption has been that this is an emperor with no clothes
         | that is invariably sold to decision makers who won't use it.
         | 
         | But maybe there's more to it?
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | It's either a very simple DSL, or it _is_ coding.
         | 
         | Complete with debugging and maintenance and all of the other
         | things that make "coding" hard.
        
         | munro wrote:
         | > The problem with no/low code is it mirrors a DSL for whatever
         | problem being solved. Anything more general becomes a
         | programming language.
         | 
         | Yes! I've explored visually representing functions, and state
         | machines, but it all feels very limiting compared to written
         | language. I think more research could be done in the visual
         | coding area for expressing thought, because I really want
         | coding to look like something out of neon genesis evangelion--
         | but IDK, written language isn't bound spatially. And in written
         | language, it's so easy to express contradictions, which is an
         | important part of developing a system. I think MC Escher is
         | probably the most advanced research we have in the area of
         | visually representing recursion and contradictions lol.
        
       | jjk166 wrote:
       | As someone who does manufacturing automation for a living, I
       | don't think this person has any experience in a manufacturing
       | environment.
       | 
       | Coding is really not a limiting factor in manufacturing
       | automation. For decades everything has been built around being
       | controlled by first relay logic and then PLCs, which implement
       | multiple languages like ladder-logic which are basically already
       | drag and drop. Most sensors are simple - generally they provide a
       | boolean on/off signal, and occasionally there's an analogue
       | output which is pretty easy to interpret. Physically placing and
       | wiring the sensors correctly is the hard bit, not interpreting
       | the data. There are more advanced systems, like computer vision,
       | but they all already have user interfaces which allow you to
       | interact with them without coding. In fact it's actually a real
       | pain in the ass that in most cases there is no coding option, and
       | thus everything has its own proprietary and arcane method of
       | operation and its unreasonably difficult to get things to talk to
       | each other.
       | 
       | Further, generally coding skill is not particularly lacking.
       | Assembly-like languages such as G-Code are widely used by
       | machines and many tradesmen know enough to hand edit at least
       | simple programs, and the engineers on staff are generally
       | comfortable with more advanced programming. While they're a far
       | cry from software developers, but it's sufficient for the
       | relatively simple cases that a no-code solution might be suitable
       | for.
       | 
       | The main issue for automation in manufacturing is not versatility
       | but reliability. A few hours of downtime can cost tens of
       | thousands of dollars, and a machine crash might easily cost 8
       | figures, to say nothing of the potential for injury or even
       | death. Whatever difficulty there is in coding for manufacturing
       | environments is in structuring these programs such that they are
       | consistently accurate and fail safe. Personally, I don't find
       | anything that makes it easier for someone to tell a machine to do
       | something stupid particularly appealing.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | > generally coding skill is not particularly lacking
         | 
         | In my experience it is. Sure there are people who can go in and
         | hack some simple code, but they typically know nothing about
         | the clean code style that you need to make millions of lines
         | manageable. They do okay with 500 lines programs where it isn't
         | hard to know the whole, but don't put them on anything more
         | complex
        
           | jjk166 wrote:
           | But there is absolutely nothing in the manufacturing world
           | that would ever require millions of lines of code. There's a
           | big difference between software development, which they are
           | not doing, and coding, which these no-code solutions seek to
           | help them with.
           | 
           | For reference, I'm currently dealing with a customer whose
           | most complex machine (which automates a job that used to take
           | two people per shift) runs on 128 lines of code.
        
           | jkhdigital wrote:
           | I think this is where standardized DSLs are needed in order
           | to make software an effective and useful tool for
           | nonspecialists. Doing everything in a full-featured
           | programming language is like bringing a fully-loaded aircraft
           | carrier to what is, in most cases, a pocketknife fight. If
           | you only provide a pocketknife, you don't have to worry about
           | accidentally burning down the entire city.
        
             | edwcross wrote:
             | Besides, standardized DSLs are often better suited for
             | static analysis due to the restricted forms of control flow
             | and less esoteric constructions (fewer or no pointers,
             | dynamic allocation, etc).
             | 
             | If only vendors didn't force users into closed, proprietary
             | IDEs which lack many basic syntactic checks, developing for
             | industrial control system would be much more pleasant.
        
         | speedybird wrote:
         | When you say G-Code is Assembly-like, you just mean
         | superficially right? I would expect G-Code to be interpreted,
         | not assembled.
        
           | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
           | Saying that it's like assembly is an odd way of phrasing it
           | since a single G code statement can have a huge amount of
           | functionality under the hood. But yes, it's interpreted. In
           | fact, some older machines have very small buffers so you have
           | to "drip feed" them a few lines of G-code at a time.
        
             | craftinator wrote:
             | I work with gcode on a day to day basis. I understand what
             | the parent poster means about it being "assembly like", in
             | that many of the common patterns of handwriting assembly
             | language are employed when hand writing gcode. It has GOTO
             | statements, lots of analogs for push and pop like behavior,
             | and in some cases you are manipulating raw bits to deal
             | with user input. It is interpreted into machine code as
             | well, as is assembly.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | OK, that I can see.
        
         | sumtechguy wrote:
         | I worked in this sort of space for awhile. You got it in your
         | last paragraph. Downtime costs money. Not only does downtime
         | cost money, service calls do too. You get a guy who knows
         | exactly how to fix it out on site and he shows up and has the
         | wrong part and he costs 200 bucks an hour. You can burn 4 hours
         | just waiting for a part. We were having a lot of good luck
         | adding some sensors, remote diagnostic, and pre-diagnostic.
         | That way you could schedule a downtime for a part swap out and
         | have the right part on hand. Programming and remote control was
         | near the bottom of that money stack. Like you said most of the
         | stuff is PLC and relay logic. Sometimes you get lucky and there
         | is a decent computer in the middle and you can scan that, but
         | be careful as the 485 line may already be saturated with
         | commands.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | In many ways it's akin to the reason why SLAs don't mean shit
           | when they're business to business. Anybody who breaks even in
           | using a tool doesn't stay in business for long. They use a
           | tool because the tool -all of the tools - plus the labor
           | costs them a dollar for every 10 they can gross. Your $1000 a
           | month service can hold up or straight up lose $50,000 in
           | revenue, so don't be surprised if I'm not that happy about
           | you offering to cut us a check for $250 when your stuff shit
           | the bed two days before a hard deadline.
           | 
           | We want the money back guarantee because we think the specter
           | of _you_ making no money will motivate you not to fuck us
           | over. Your guarantees mean next to nothing, and the manpower
           | involved in getting and cashing that check might eat most of
           | it up anyway.
        
           | mc32 wrote:
           | Depending on the industry downtime doesn't only mean widgets
           | aren't getting built but also the wip widgets we were making
           | have to be thrown out.
        
       | helltone wrote:
       | Is no-code the new trend because full automation with AI failed?
       | I wonder if we're trying to realise what jobs actually require
       | skilled labour.
        
         | drewcoo wrote:
         | No, it's the trend because it claims to make everything simple
         | while pushing all of the burden back onto the customer. Did I
         | say the quiet part?
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | > _Did I say the quiet part?_
           | 
           | No, you didn't.
           | 
           | The quiet part is "as a Service".
        
         | Fordec wrote:
         | Dare I say its because AI succeeded. AI is no longer a barrier
         | to entry, there's plenty of off the shelf libraries and python
         | examples out there to get you going.
         | 
         | The result is, that a lot of under the hood intelligence is
         | automated. And the inputs, outputs and process _selection_
         | instead of process _design_ are all that 's left to hype up as
         | a differentiator in an ever increasingly commoditized market.
        
       | nbzso wrote:
       | I see a different future.
       | 
       | As a side-effect of pushing "automation" agenda corporations will
       | not have needed workforce to accomplish the task.
       | 
       | The marketing delusions and wishful thinking are popular methods
       | of self-destruction. Sadly in the corporate world, the more you
       | climb the less oxygen you get. And with lack of oxygen human
       | brain is prone to malfunction.
       | 
       | You can have some form of automation, but the need of competent
       | programmers will not vanish into the thin air.
       | 
       | >Is PHP worth learning in 2021?
       | 
       | The first google result:
       | 
       | PHP is an open-source programming language that is completely
       | free, and because it supports all the main browsers, it is highly
       | scalable. ... PHP is not dying and is definitely worth learning
       | in 2021 and beyond. There are still thousands of jobs available
       | for new PHP programmers
       | 
       | https://www.google.com/search?q=Is+PHP+worth+learning+in+202...
        
         | CodeWriter23 wrote:
         | >Is PHP worth learning in 2021?
         | 
         | I'm calling that out as a straw man. Who uses PHP to run gear /
         | robots?
        
           | nbzso wrote:
           | This is an example of old technology (programming language)
           | pronounced dead numerous times.
           | 
           | I can give another example: COBOL.
           | https://www.makeuseof.com/what-is-cobol/
           | 
           | The idea behind this is that marketing and agenda driven
           | "visions" often paint wrong picture towards an ideal future.
           | And reality always finds a way to strike back.
        
         | adflux wrote:
         | Php supports browsers?
        
           | BoxOfRain wrote:
           | Can you imagine? The evil twin of JavaScript on the server.
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | As a PHP programmer I'm offended that you would in imply
             | any similarities between a language that actually has
             | proper objects and JS.
        
       | jagged-chisel wrote:
       | With a title like that, I thought about mechanical engineering.
       | Humanity built machines to "automatically" perform tasks for the
       | last 100+ years. Factories seem to always aspire toward
       | automation at any technological level, even if fully mechanical.
        
       | kwhitefoot wrote:
       | I wish people would stop claiming that drag and drop program
       | creation is not programming. It is simply a different style of
       | programming using a different language.
       | 
       | From Wikipedia: "Computer programming is the process of designing
       | and building an executable computer program to accomplish a
       | specific computing result or to perform a specific task."
       | 
       | See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programming.
       | 
       | The same claims used to be made regarding Programmable Logic
       | Controllers (PLCs), despite the word programming being part of
       | the name.
        
         | munro wrote:
         | Outside of tech, I think coding means green text on a black
         | background--but I think of it more generally, describing a
         | process that you want something/someone else to run... a
         | cooking recipe for someone to follow, it's CODE! So yeah, to
         | that end, visual programming is still coding. AI that generates
         | code, well, you still have to tell the AI what to do, still
         | coding--on that tangent, if AI code generation ever is
         | perfected, I'd rather work in that language, and not even look
         | at the output like assembly.
         | 
         | I really want visual programming to succeed, but there's
         | something fundamentally harder with it. I'm starting to think
         | written language can't be beat for expressing thought. Visual
         | programming is probably a great introduction to computer
         | programming for people to quickly automate simple tasks, but I
         | rest assured that as soon as they want to describe any complex
         | process, they're going to fall into written language like the
         | rest of us--or do lots of copying and pasting and create a
         | mess. To write is to think, I think.
        
           | kibbleble wrote:
           | There's a time and place for visuals. Geometry is a form of
           | visual math, but how do you "visualize" models that go beyond
           | the 3rd dimension...?
           | 
           | For most people, trigonometry is enough to build stuff with.
           | And for many ideas, a diagram communicates better than
           | talking or writing it into an excel sheet.
        
         | zwieback wrote:
         | I don't really care if it's called programming or not but
         | whenever I've inherited LabView or similar type of project I
         | spent more time trying to figure out what the "programmer"
         | tried to do than it would take to rewrite from scratch in a
         | traditional language/environment.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | If you gave them a program written in C++, it would probably
           | be faster for them to recreate it in Labview than to figure
           | your version out. (Heck, if you gave it to a python
           | programmer, they might choose to replace-implement it in
           | python rather than figure out your C++.)
        
       | [deleted]
        
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