[HN Gopher] Lead time for new Intel NIC orders is quoted around ...
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       Lead time for new Intel NIC orders is quoted around 52 weeks
        
       Author : walterbell
       Score  : 179 points
       Date   : 2021-10-05 10:55 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (pcengines.ch)
 (TXT) w3m dump (pcengines.ch)
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | What was the old lead time? I guess it was less than a year but
       | the article doesn't mention it.
        
         | jacob019 wrote:
         | I bought one last year. They had hundreds in stock of several
         | models. It shipped in a day or two.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | stagger87 wrote:
         | Parts have been going from no lead time to simply not
         | available. The large lead times are probably a guess, as many
         | parts are going on hard allocation and you have no idea who is
         | going to squeeze in before you. Some IC manufacturers are
         | saying things like "consider other parts for your design" due
         | to these circumstances.
        
       | swader999 wrote:
       | Any truth to the rumour that semi truck drive train linkages are
       | unavailable North America wide right now? That could exasperate
       | things quickly.
        
         | jhickok wrote:
         | For what it's worth, my brother in law who drives semis had not
         | heard of that. I think it might be a tall-tale.
        
         | newbamboo wrote:
         | No.
        
         | Saint_Genet wrote:
         | Modern trucks contain quite a lot of semiconductors though, so
         | I expect they'll be affected in some way.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | Do you mean U-joints? Or the major components themselves such
         | as transmission, driveshaft, axle, differential, brake
         | chambers, etc?
        
           | brk wrote:
           | I think he means general availability of trucks and drivers.
           | Not drivetrain components specifically.
        
             | X-Istence wrote:
             | No drivetrain components are becoming unavailable.
             | 
             | https://www.jittruckparts.com/blog/post/3-takeaways-from-
             | the... https://www.ccjdigital.com/maintenance/article/15066
             | 337/truc...
        
           | swader999 wrote:
           | Yeah u joints
        
       | whatshisface wrote:
       | Smart business people will take this as a lesson about the
       | dangers of zero-inventory manufacturing. Unscrupulous business
       | people will continue running the business at high risk, knowing
       | that they will probably be gone by the time a problem arises.
       | Very smart leaders will use this as an opportunity to think about
       | how to stop their companies from forgetting someone's involvement
       | with a project or process during internal transfers or
       | promotions; the leading route through which unscrupulous business
       | people escape responsibility from secret risk.
        
         | tablespoon wrote:
         | > Unscrupulous business people will continue running the
         | business at high risk, knowing that they will probably be gone
         | by the time a problem arises.
         | 
         | Or they can just price gouge. Heads I win, tails you lose.
        
           | wyager wrote:
           | "Price gouging" is precisely the behavior that makes it
           | economical to keep around extra stock in case of supply
           | shocks. Negative public reaction to, and laws against, "price
           | gouging" is the reason almost no business chooses to absorb
           | the cost of keeping around an extra reserve.
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > "Price gouging" is precisely the behavior that makes it
             | economical to keep around extra stock in case of supply
             | shocks.
             | 
             | That idea doesn't hold a drop of water. If price gouging
             | were legal, are you going to stockpile masks and sanitizer
             | for a hundred years, so you're ready for the next gobal
             | pandemic? Of course not: it's a dumb idea and you'd
             | bankrupt yourself in storage fees and spoilage. Even an
             | actual distributor wouldn't do that, given how short
             | business time horizons are.
             | 
             | What a smart price gouger would _actually_ do is watch the
             | news closely and rush out to try to buy up as much as they
             | can before the general public acts, then sit outside the
             | store they bought them from and scalp the goods at an
             | exorbitant markup. Then they can satisfy their greed
             | _without_ wasting money on long term storage fees.
        
         | OldHand2018 wrote:
         | > Smart business people will take this as a lesson about the
         | dangers of zero-inventory manufacturing
         | 
         | I disagree. Something entirely different is going on. Before
         | the pandemic, onshoring of basic components started picking up
         | (Trump's erratic behavior made planning really challenging) but
         | the pandemic kicked it into overdrive (and Biden's policy plans
         | will only increase it).
         | 
         | I know people that are "Tier 3" manufactures - suppliers to the
         | suppliers of the suppliers. They have more business than they
         | can handle and are no longer willing to take on risk from
         | sh*tty customers.
         | 
         | JiT/0-inventory doesn't truly exist - somewhere you have to
         | build enough stock to ensure smooth delivery during line
         | changeovers, shift changes, machine repairs, and all the other
         | completely normal minor "disruptions". It's invisible at the
         | high levels of manufacturing because it's not on your loading
         | dock.
         | 
         | Smart business people will realize that supplier relationships
         | are more important than ever. You have to screw them over less
         | than the other guys or things get really choppy really fast.
        
         | unixhero wrote:
         | This is also driven by investor expectations. Not "business
         | people".
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | A lot of this goes on inside departments where investors
           | don't have any substantial insight.
        
             | unixhero wrote:
             | They do once a company gets additional funding and or when
             | a company is bought. Investors tend to sit on the boards
             | and yield significant power. You're not wrong, but I don't
             | agree :)
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | I could be wrong but I don't imagine most of the
               | manufacturing economy as being operated by companies that
               | have due diligence done on them very often. Acquisitions
               | happen but once a decade would be considered very often.
               | Depending on the size of the company boards are often
               | completely clueless about ground level details; I can
               | hardly imagine someone on the board of P&G knowing a
               | single thing about the supply chain risk of an individual
               | SKU.
        
       | rwmj wrote:
       | Work laptop was quoted today as delivery in "up to" 24 weeks
       | (with well-informed people saying it might well take that long).
       | 
       | And I cannot find anyone with Raspberry Pi CM3+ compute modules
       | with delivery before April 2022.
        
         | yread wrote:
         | indeed, I'm shopping for a laptop and Hp firefly 14 g8 has est.
         | delivery mid march
        
           | kogepathic wrote:
           | I ordered an HP ProBook in April 2021 and I'm still waiting.
           | The original delivery was scheduled for July, and that's been
           | pushed back twice now.
           | 
           | A few weeks ago they emailed me saying the AX200 is
           | unavailable and my choice was Realtek WiFi, or cancel my
           | order.
           | 
           | I'm seriously wondering if they'll ever deliver. I might
           | cancel my order if Ryzen 6000 is released before they manage
           | to ship.
        
             | yread wrote:
             | I have 2 lenovos here to try them out. Carbon with ax201
             | and p14s with realtek. The realtek is about twive slower
             | with my wifi
        
         | lbriner wrote:
         | Honest question: How can everyone be short of chips? I
         | understand that e.g. car makers reduced their orders and their
         | capacity was given to other manufacturers so they are kind of
         | screwed but surely since the overall capacity got increased
         | (albeit by a relatively small amount) then _some_ manufacturers
         | should have stuff.
         | 
         | As far as I can see, pretty much everyone who uses electronics
         | seems to be not just "a bit short" but royally screwed at the
         | moment.
        
           | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
           | Well, bear in mind that you're only hearing about the people
           | who're complaining and those will tend to be large
           | manufacturers with significant production volumes. The little
           | shops all over the place that bought a year's inventory are
           | fine now but still anxiously wondering what will happen when
           | inventory runs out.
           | 
           | I just left my last job (engineering services) a couple
           | months ago, but we were already warning new customers that
           | they should be prepared to buy whatever inventory we could
           | find if they wanted to be able to ship product by Christmas.
        
           | aseipp wrote:
           | In the abstract, it's sort of like asking "How can there
           | still be traffic jams on road XYZ, when there's an open lane
           | that was added recently?" The problem isn't the number of
           | lanes, it's that fundamentally that mode of traffic (mass
           | individiual transit) has capacity limitations, which when
           | exceeded cause it to go into a "bad" state, after which
           | recovery is difficult and arduous. Furthermore, just because
           | you stop letting cars on the specific road doesn't mean the
           | jam resolves instantly; you actually have to significantly
           | reduce pressure over time before that can happen. And that
           | jam causes cars to overflow into other roads, causing other
           | problems. Just removing the "trigger" (too many oncoming
           | cars) that caused the problem is not enough to recover from
           | either the initial problems, or the side effects.
           | 
           | People here are using all kinds of networking/hardware
           | analogies and while generally I'm loathe to use those (they
           | often reek of "All I have is a hammer"-syndrome), you _do_
           | see these problems a lot in such designs. A good example is
           | when something like a database goes down due to having too
           | much load. Recovering from this failure often isn 't just a
           | matter of going from "too much load" to "enough load to
           | handle", you actually have to shed significantly more load
           | than that to recover the system, because that initial failure
           | might cause a cascade of failures that prevents that. This
           | often manifests as a kind of ritual where a system admin
           | pulls a big number of levers in the engine room all labeled
           | "Do Not Touch" in just the right order to shed load and
           | reboot things correctly. Real world supply chains are doing
           | the same thing, but their actions are priced in and done
           | months in advance. Logistics is a hell of a thing.
           | 
           | I realize this is not a concrete answer about electronic
           | supply chains (someone else can handle that) but rather a
           | more abstract classification, but I think the general idea
           | applies here.
        
       | brink wrote:
       | Whatever your opinion is about the lockdowns, there is one thing
       | everyone should be able to agree on; they destabilize just about
       | everything. I'm worried about people going hungry or not being
       | able to heat their home this winter from the ripple effects.
        
         | CydeWeys wrote:
         | Weird to blame the lockdowns when the real cause was the
         | pandemic. It's not like everyone was going to continually
         | working normally in crowded spaces with people dropping like
         | flies in the hospitals. China especially was hit so incredibly
         | badly in that first wave; it was always gonna go pear-shaped no
         | matter what.
        
           | spookthesunset wrote:
           | > when the real cause was the pandemic.
           | 
           | No, the lockdowns were the cause not the pandemic. We didn't
           | have to do lockdowns--they weren't on anybody's pandemic
           | plans until March of 2020. Lockdowns and our reaction to
           | Covid was entirely upon humans.
           | 
           | > It's not like everyone was going to continually working
           | normally in crowded spaces with people dropping like flies in
           | the hospitals. China especially was hit so incredibly badly
           | in that first wave
           | 
           | Were they really though? Or was the hysteria in March off the
           | charts?
        
           | Factorium wrote:
           | Life continued as normal in Sweden, Russia, Belarus... the
           | pandemic 'response' was driven by the media and politicians.
           | If there is surge of deaths in nursing homes (typically 50%
           | of COVID deaths), it has no impact on the rest of the
           | economy.
           | 
           | Many of those same politicians later benefitted to tune of
           | millions of dollars from advance knowledge of federal bank
           | intervention in markets. If there was no lockdown, this
           | opportunity would not have occurred. There was a clear
           | conflict of interest.
           | 
           | https://www.yahoo.com/news/fed-vice-chair-traded-
           | stocks-1527...
           | 
           | Its the same for individuals who bought into MRNA startups
           | eg. BioNTech in 2019 - there's a clear financial motivation
           | to promote disruptive lockdown, in order to position vaccines
           | as the cure.
           | 
           | https://trialsitenews.com/gates-earns-10x-on-biontech-in-
           | jus...
           | 
           | Its likely that lockdowns worsen COVID, because of the
           | reduction in health from lower Vitamin D (staying inside),
           | poorer diets, increased stress, and reduction of exposure of
           | younger people (school cancellations, nightclub closures
           | etc.) who usually form the bulk of the herd immunity
           | population for seasonal respiratory viruses.
        
             | tyrfing wrote:
             | > If there was no lockdown, this opportunity would not have
             | occurred. There was a clear conflict of interest.
             | 
             | Your cited example is from before the WHO even declared a
             | pandemic, and 1 day after the first case of community
             | spread was reported in the US.
             | 
             | > Life continued as normal in Sweden, Russia, Belarus... If
             | there is surge of deaths in nursing homes (typically 50% of
             | COVID deaths), it has no impact on the rest of the economy.
             | 
             | Sweden GDP: -8.6% Q2 2020. Russia: -9.6 Q2 2020. Those are
             | massive shifts to say "no impact".
             | 
             | Lastly: lockdowns have mostly exempted industrial
             | production like Intel and only required operational
             | changes.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | Indeed. Lockdowns were ineffective at reducing covid
             | deaths; https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/P
             | IIS2589-5... found that "Rapid border closures, full
             | lockdowns, and wide-spread testing were not associated with
             | COVID-19 mortality per million people.".
             | 
             | Moreover Stats Canada found that in 2020 lockdowns led to
             | more excess deaths in under 65s than covid, largely due to
             | increased substance abuse:
             | https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-
             | quotidien/210712/dq210.... "Based on the newly updated
             | provisional dataset released today from the Canadian Vital
             | Statistics Death Database, from the end of March 2020 to
             | the beginning of April 2021, an estimated 62,203 deaths
             | were reported among Canadians aged 0 to 64. This represents
             | 5,535 more deaths than expected were there no pandemic,
             | after accounting for changes in the population such as
             | aging. Over the same period, 1,380 COVID-19 deaths have
             | been attributed to the same age group (those younger than
             | 65), suggesting that the excess mortality is, in large
             | part, related to other factors such as increases in the
             | number deaths attributed to causes associated with
             | substance use and misuse, including unintentional
             | (accidental) poisonings and diseases and conditions related
             | to alcohol consumption."
             | 
             | Similarly, England saw 4635 non-covid excess deaths since
             | July 2nd (compared to 4981 covid deaths):
             | https://www.yahoo.com/news/analysis-thousands-more-usual-
             | dyi....
        
             | norenh wrote:
             | >Life continued as normal in Sweden...
             | 
             | Sweden had less formal lockdowns, but recommendations that
             | was largely followed . Also limited opening hours for
             | restaurants and closed events with live audience. Most
             | workers stayed at home, traveling went down A LOT and
             | people could not visit care homes etc. If you compare the
             | effect on society it was largely the same as the rest of
             | Scandinavia that did have slightly more formal lockdowns.
             | 
             | Lots of companies (restaurants, cultural events like
             | concerts, theatre etc.) had real economical issues and a
             | lot of people became unemployed. Could be worse, but still
             | it is misleading to say life continued as normal. A quick
             | google show that unemployment in Sweden doubled during the
             | pandemic and that is largely attributed to the measures
             | that took place as a response to the pandemic.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | > live audience
               | 
               | Exactly. Last year I watched (over the internet) Sanna
               | Nielsen sing _Stockholm in my heart_ to an empty field
               | where there should have been an audience of thousands.
               | Useful to have a bit of an awareness of foreign media to
               | see what 's _actually_ happening, not what 's reported by
               | delusionists on the internet.
               | 
               | It was never true that there were no restrictions in
               | Sweden, just less restrictions.
        
               | ashtonkem wrote:
               | That's the utility of high social trust; rules can be
               | self enforced by suggestion, rather than by force.
        
               | elzbardico wrote:
               | Sweden assumed their population is composed of adults.
               | When you treat people like adults, they usually are far
               | more likely to act as adults.
        
             | hcknwscommenter wrote:
             | Your last paragraph demonstrates a number of profound and
             | fundamental misunderstandings.
             | 
             | First, herd immunity does not benefit from more bodies per
             | se. You are portraying it as some sort of wall, where
             | taking members out of the wall reduces the effectiveness.
             | It is not like that at all. The proportion of previously
             | exposed individuals required for herd immunity effects goes
             | down as the frequency of potential spreading interactions
             | goes down.
             | 
             | Second, there is no correlation between lockdown and lower
             | vitamin D.
             | 
             | Third, we have clear data showing a profound reduction in
             | the spread of other respiratory viruses (RSV, rhino,
             | influenza). So, we have had many fewer deaths during
             | lockdown that in previous years. A win, and yet you
             | characterize it as a loss. Odd.
        
               | skocznymroczny wrote:
               | Clear data? How many people get tested for influenza? How
               | many people which had influenza got tested for covid and
               | got a positive result? If I went to my doctor last
               | winter, told him I have strong fever and cough, he'll
               | either send me to get a PCR test for covid, or no test,
               | just tell me it's probably covid and I should stay home
               | and monitor symptoms. In such case most flu cases would
               | just be assumed covid, and that's where the reduction is
               | coming from.
        
               | yibg wrote:
               | You are just taking your assumptions and forming opinions
               | based on them.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | We've been testing for flu all along.
               | 
               | https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2021/01/11/ami
               | d-c...
               | 
               | > The drop occurred despite a sixfold increase in testing
               | at public health labs, most of which checked for
               | influenza A and B along with the coronavirus.
               | 
               | > Clinical lab testing was slightly lower during the last
               | quarter of 2020 as physicians ordered fewer flu tests
               | because less of the illness was circulating.
        
               | hcknwscommenter wrote:
               | More profound misunderstanding. Influenza tests exists
               | and are deployed at scale. In the US, I assure you that
               | anyone in the hospital with a high fever of unknown
               | origin is tested for several influenza variants. No one
               | just "assumes" covid. That is total and complete
               | nonsense. We have clear data on influenza
               | hospitalizations (edit: and deaths) and the numbers are
               | way way down.
        
               | wyager wrote:
               | > No one just "assumes" covid.
               | 
               | There were many months where PCR tests were not available
               | to hospitals and the CARES act gave hospitals extra money
               | for covid cases, so hospitals obviously set the policy of
               | "anyone with some covid symptoms is to be considered a
               | covid case".
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | https://www.factcheck.org/2020/04/hospital-payments-and-
               | the-...
               | 
               | > The CDC guidance says that officials should report
               | deaths in which the patient tested positive for COVID-19
               | -- or, if a test isn't available, "if the circumstances
               | are compelling within a reasonable degree of certainty."
               | It further indicates that if a "definite diagnosis of
               | COVID-19 cannot be made, but it is suspected or likely
               | (e.g., the circumstances are compelling within a
               | reasonable degree of certainty), it is acceptable to
               | report COVID-19 on a death certificate as 'probable' or
               | 'presumed.'"
               | 
               | What else were they supposed to do in that scenario?
        
               | wyager wrote:
               | Sounds like you're agreeing with me?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | "anyone with some covid symptoms" and "compelling within
               | a reasonable degree of certainty" are not the same thing,
               | no.
        
             | stadium wrote:
             | > Its likely that lockdowns worsen COVID
             | 
             | Please stop spreading conspiracy theories as fact. It is
             | literally killing people.
        
               | Gwarzo wrote:
               | In all fairness he presented this as "it's likely".
               | 
               | Your own statement "conspiracy theories are killing
               | people" is also a bit of a non fact.
               | 
               | While the result of believing in conspiracy theories have
               | no doubt lead to someones death, somewhere; presenting it
               | as a serious problem whose root effect is "Death" is
               | incredibly silly.
        
               | kaibee wrote:
               | The vast majority (95%+ afaik?) of deaths at this point
               | is among the unvaccinated. Any reason to not get the
               | vaccine is a 'conspiracy theory' unless you were
               | literally directed not to by your doctor. You can
               | literally measure the amount of people dying per day as a
               | result of vaccine related conspiracy theories.
        
             | typon wrote:
             | Why is blatant misinformation and conspiracy theory allowed
             | on HN?
        
               | skocznymroczny wrote:
               | HN used to attract people who value personal freedom and
               | freedom of speech. Seems like not anymore, like other
               | online societies it fell victim to 'curb liberties for
               | greater good' philosophy. Unfortunately for them, almost
               | every single authoritarian or even totalitarian system
               | uses the same excuse.
        
               | evgen wrote:
               | > HN used to attract people who value personal freedom
               | and freedom of speech
               | 
               | It also used to attract far fewer idiots. Unfortunately,
               | those days are long past. Now that HN actually has some
               | (small) measureable influence in the industry we get
               | brigading sock puppets, politically motivated nuts, and
               | the dumpster-fire that is "weekend HN". Just consider the
               | fact that a discussion that should be around the current
               | nature of the supply chain and sourcing components is
               | primarily composed of people arguing over lockdown.
        
               | wayoutthere wrote:
               | Really? Been here long? Because HN has been a shit show
               | the entire time. Like the valley itself, HN has always
               | been a political battleground between the ancaps and the
               | demsocs.
        
               | CyanLite2 wrote:
               | Informed people care about freedoms as much as you do.
               | But all the conspiracy theory junk about ivermectin,
               | lizard people, and microchipping in the vaccine is the
               | modern day equivalent of yelling 'fire!' in a crowded
               | theater.
        
             | anoonmoose wrote:
             | I feel it would be irresponsible of me not to point out how
             | extreme your claims in the last paragraph are and that
             | you've provided nothing to back that up even. As even the
             | weakest rebuttal, I'd lke point out that by all metrics
             | I've seen standard influenza infections and deaths were
             | also down due to lockdown/COVID prevention methods which I
             | think is a helpful indicator.
             | 
             | Edit: by the time I clicked submit, multiple people had
             | also responded to this, which makes me feel better about HN
             | today.
        
             | cedilla wrote:
             | Life didn't continue in Sweden for about 14,000 people that
             | died to COVID due to the lack of proper response, or
             | hundreds of thousands with long COVID.
             | 
             | Sweden had the best requisites to come out of the pandemic
             | largely unscathed, like its neighbour Norway. Instead they
             | decided to just let people get sick and die.
             | 
             | edit: The nonsense about Vitamin D at the end is almost
             | hilarious. We're talking about Sweden, right? The country
             | on the Arctic Circle?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Vitamin D supplementation is common in Sweden. There is
               | only a weak correlation between latitude and vitamin D
               | levels. Hypovitaminosis D is a serious risk factor for
               | COVID-19.
               | 
               | https://vitamin-d-covid.shotwell.ca/
        
           | tibbydudeza wrote:
           | When I saw the time lapsed footage of a emergency hospital
           | being built in Wuhan in only 10 days I turned to the wife and
           | said there is some big $hit coming.
           | 
           | Three weeks later we had 4 cases from Italian tourists - it
           | all went pear shaped from there - 2.91M infected and 87,819
           | deaths.
        
             | symlinkk wrote:
             | China was also welding people in their homes, I don't think
             | they should be used as a barometer of how serious something
             | is
        
               | tibbydudeza wrote:
               | Entire city of Wuhan (11 million) and later the province
               | of Hubei was placed on lockdown - that is 58 million
               | people - it was very serious.
        
               | egypturnash wrote:
               | "Welding people into their homes" sure doesn't sound like
               | something you do if you don't think things are _super
               | fucking serious_ if you ask me.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | vcxy wrote:
               | I don't understand this comment. If you think it's not
               | useful evidence of anything, then are you saying that
               | welding people into their homes was equally likely if
               | nothing was happening and it's just coincidence that they
               | did it when they did?
        
           | bserge wrote:
           | It was the damn lockdowns, the idiotic response to the
           | pandemic, and most importantly the time it went on for. Masks
           | and distancing would've been enough after the first half a
           | year ffs. But to be fair, we deserve it for running such a
           | fragile system.
           | 
           | And they should've just made vaccines mandatory, none of this
           | bullshit soft encouragement while people can't cross borders.
           | 
           | People weren't "dropping like flies", either, especially not
           | those of working age. Less than 0.1% dead worldwide, the vast
           | majority of which were over 65.
           | 
           | Reminds me of that Reddit thread on psychosomatic death where
           | people were sad their relatives suddenly died. Their 80-90
           | year old relatives. I mean, fuck me, that's a good life lived
           | right there. Another year or two doesn't make much of a
           | difference. But that's unrelated to Covid, it's just the same
           | type of weird fearful thinking.
        
           | eljimmy wrote:
           | It's true - China's numbers, unsurprisingly, really don't
           | give light to how badly they were impacted. I remember
           | reading about how they were building brand new hospitals to
           | cope. Literally building a brand new hospital.
           | 
           | https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/31/pictures-china-builds-two-
           | ho...
           | 
           | Looking back on that, it's interesting to think about how
           | that should have been a major warning sign of things to come
           | for the rest of the world.
        
             | fsslrisrchr wrote:
             | That and that they closed their industrial heartland made
             | me take COVID seriously at least a month earlier than
             | anyone else.
             | 
             | Not much I could do but wait, but at least I didnt find
             | myself rushing for toilet paper (I learned during snowdays
             | in GA that Americans rush for the milk and toilet paper in
             | emergencies)
        
             | antiSingularity wrote:
             | They also released vidoes of people literally dropping in
             | the street "with Covid".
        
               | tibbydudeza wrote:
               | Or scenes where a white van stops and couple of folks in
               | Hazmat suits jumps out and then proceed to drag infected
               | people away.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Not quite "dragged", but this happened to a friend of
               | mine.
               | 
               | Her country was on the safe (no isolation) list when her
               | plane landed in China, and she then boarded a long
               | distance, overnight train.
               | 
               | Her country then announced their first positive case.
               | 
               | When she left the train, two men with hazmat suits and a
               | van were on the platform to meet her. They took her to an
               | isolation hotel room with an alarmed door. (Not an actual
               | lock, as I understand, so she could leave if there were a
               | fire. But an alarmed door.)
        
               | fidesomnes wrote:
               | > infected supposedly. snatch and grab is never done for
               | anyones safety.
        
             | tailspin2019 wrote:
             | > Literally building a brand new hospital.
             | 
             | We built multiple temporary hospitals in the UK too. And
             | albeit not so widely reported, temporary morgues.
             | 
             | To be honest I assumed a whole bunch of countries were
             | doing this...
        
               | rataata_jr wrote:
               | Temporary hospitals were a thing here in India as well.
               | Marriage halls, schools and unis were repurposed to have
               | lots of beds for covid patients.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Yes, the important bit was they where the canary in the
               | coal mine for the pandemic.
               | 
               | However, it's really difficult to be proactive here as
               | avoiding an issues means people assume it isn't a
               | problem. Shutdowns likely saved millions of lives in
               | America but as people are only aware of the downsides
               | they see not the horrors that where avoided.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | The reporting on this has been very weird. UK news had
               | massive coverage of deaths in Italy, then when it started
               | hitting the UK hard, it went invisible.
               | 
               | I'm not sure the UK emergency Nightingale hospitals were
               | actually _used_, since (obviously) you can repurpose a
               | building but you can't just find a few thousand
               | healthcare staff at short notice.
               | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-56327214
        
               | makomk wrote:
               | I don't think the Nightingales were used much, but that
               | was mostly because the existing hospitals managed to free
               | up more beds than originally anticipated and all the
               | available staff ended up there. Naturally, the government
               | got endless flack for this, as is often the case when a
               | government puts measures into place for a contingency
               | that doesn't come to pass. (Also, relying on freeing up
               | beds may not have been a good decision in hindsight - one
               | of the ways this was achieved was by aggressively kicking
               | people with potential hospital-acquired Covid infections
               | out into care homes full of people at high risk of dying
               | if they caught Covid, with ugly consequences.)
        
               | tailspin2019 wrote:
               | > Naturally, the government got endless flack for this,
               | as is often the case when a government puts measures into
               | place for a contingency that doesn't come to pass.
               | 
               | I'm not one to show much support for the current
               | government but the negative (media) reaction to these
               | hospitals not actually being needed was pretty short
               | sighted.
               | 
               | We should be thankful that the hospitals were there and
               | even more thankful that they weren't needed.
               | 
               | There were more obvious things for which to hold the
               | government to account.
        
               | lelandfe wrote:
               | Yeah, NYC saw "temporary morgues" as well, in the form of
               | refrigerated shipping containers. One of the more
               | resonant memories of the pandemic from last year to me.
        
               | steve_adams_86 wrote:
               | This happened during the 1918 influenza pandemic as well.
               | Rather, the overflow of casualties happened - not
               | refrigerated shipping containers.
               | 
               | Samples of sick people were recovered for researching
               | that strain of influenza by locating large graves which
               | had been created where it remained cold enough to
               | preserve the bodies. Until I'd heard that and lived
               | through last year, the gravity of it all totally eluded
               | me. It takes a lot before people start burying the dead
               | in trenches; it's perhaps second to the worst case in
               | which we can't even manage that. A scenario common to war
               | but nothing else I can think of.
               | 
               | I've been so isolated from these kinds of circumstances
               | for all of the pandemic, but I try to remind myself that
               | it's exactly why lock downs and masks and all the hassle
               | are actually completely reasonable. The alternative is
               | incredibly dark, evidently.
        
             | bingohbangoh wrote:
             | We had the Navy hospital boat and transformed the Javitz
             | center (where Comic Con happens) to be hospitals.
             | 
             | Both went virtually unused.
             | 
             | [In NYC]
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Not because we didn't need them, though.
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/02/nyregion/ny-
               | coronavirus-u...
               | 
               | > On top of its strict rules preventing people infected
               | with the virus from coming on board, the Navy is also
               | refusing to treat a host of other conditions. Guidelines
               | disseminated to hospitals included a list of 49 medical
               | conditions that would exclude a patient from admittance
               | to the ship.
               | 
               | > Ambulances cannot take patients directly to the
               | Comfort; they must first deliver patients to a city
               | hospital for a lengthy evaluation -- including a test for
               | the virus -- and then pick them up again for transport to
               | the ship.
               | 
               | https://www.businessinsider.com/why-nycs-largest-
               | emergency-h...
               | 
               | > But much to the frustration of healthcare workers,
               | since that announcement, Javits has taken in nowhere near
               | its capacity. As of April 7, the convention center had
               | admitted only 66 patients. This was due in large part to
               | the strict admission requirements. At first, a patient
               | could only be transferred to Javits if they were
               | convalescing, or in the recovery period. The fear was
               | that Javits didn't have the ICU beds, operating rooms, or
               | equipment necessary to handle patients who might relapse
               | or need surgery because of an underlying condition.
        
               | 8008135 wrote:
               | Better to have it and not need it?
        
           | wyager wrote:
           | > Weird to blame the lockdowns when the real cause was the
           | pandemic.
           | 
           | The lockdowns were the actual proximate cause for most
           | business disruptions.
           | 
           | > It's not like everyone was going to continually working
           | normally in crowded spaces with people dropping like flies in
           | the hospitals.
           | 
           | People who are employed are usually younger than 65 and
           | therefore were never at significant demographic health risk
           | from coronavirus.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | antiSingularity wrote:
           | You've got that mixed up. The reason that supply chains are
           | in disarray are because of the enormous disruption caused by
           | Covid restrictions and lockdowns, not because people were
           | literally dying of Covid on the job.
           | 
           | You could infer that if we hadn't acted the way we did, then
           | what I described would have actually happened and things
           | would be a lot worse. You could also infer that long-term and
           | large-scale control of an airbourne respiratory virus through
           | social means is ineffectual, and things would have been about
           | the same anyway (from a death and disease standpoint).
        
             | tailspin2019 wrote:
             | I think the parent was more making the point that _however_
             | we chose to deal with the pandemic, it was difficult to
             | avoid disruption to the supply chain.
             | 
             | I guess the potential nuance is, blaming it on "lock downs"
             | gets vaguely political whereas blaming it on the root
             | cause, the pandemic, puts emphasis on the wider point that
             | any _actual pandemic_ of this magnitude is of course going
             | to disrupt the worlds supply chain one way or another.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | > I guess the potential nuance is, blaming it on "lock
               | downs" gets vaguely political whereas blaming it on the
               | root cause, the pandemic, puts emphasis on the wider
               | point that any actual pandemic of this magnitude is of
               | course going to disrupt the worlds supply chain one way
               | or another.
               | 
               | Thank you for phrasing so perfectly the exact point I was
               | making. It feels disingenuous when people solely blame
               | the reactions to a worldwide pandemic while ignoring that
               | the worldwide pandemic was still gonna be happening
               | regardless.
        
               | antiSingularity wrote:
               | Does blaming the declining mental and physical state of
               | previously healthy people on "lockdowns" also get vaguely
               | political? My wife and I did not come near to breakdowns
               | as we tried to care for our young family through the
               | lockdowns and restrictions because of Covid itself, I can
               | tell you that much.
        
               | antiSingularity wrote:
               | In my opinion, blaming it on the pandemic is misleading,
               | and hides the true cause of our problems. As I said,
               | supply chains are disrupted because everyone was confined
               | to their houses and completely changed their consumer and
               | business spending habits. Referring to the title of this
               | article, Intel NIC orders are not disrupted because all
               | of the factory workers are dead of Covid. They are
               | disrupted because supply and demand of all goods has
               | radically changed, and our modern way of life depends on
               | a very fragile balance of the flow of goods being
               | maintained.
               | 
               | As I also pointed out, we will also never know how much
               | good we actually did. You can tell me it's "obvious" that
               | it did, but there's no evidence to back that up.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | Periods of excess supply, and periods of shortage have
               | characterized the semiconductor industry since the 1970s.
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | Even if the factory workers didn't die (some would, but
               | most of them wouldn't have) there would still have been
               | significant disruption if large parts of the workforce
               | were off sick for several weeks.
        
               | antiSingularity wrote:
               | You mean, sick with that disease that's asymptomatic some
               | huge proportion of the time? And has very little effect
               | on most working-age people?
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | I'm 28, and I'd say a good proportion of my (similarly
               | aged) friends in London (say half) have had covid bad
               | enough that they were off work and doing very little for
               | at least a week by this point. And not everyone of
               | working age is that young (and the older people are often
               | the most experienced). Relatives in their 40s and 50s
               | have often had it worse for several weeks and only able
               | to work for some of that time due to working from home.
               | Fewer of them seem to have gotten it, but that only seems
               | to be because they were more careful about isolating and
               | got the vaccine sooner.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
           | How much this was due to organic behaviour changes in the
           | population and how much was due to government regulations
           | isn't clear to me at this point, only that it was both.
           | Sweden and Denmark have ended all covid state restrictions
           | afaik - anyone has data on how that affected productivity?
        
             | ihsw wrote:
             | The implication that government policy has an effect on
             | individual choices is a fallacy -- assertions that
             | lockdowns destroyed productivity (it didn't) are false and
             | assertions that relieving lockdowns restored productivity
             | (it didn't) are also false.
             | 
             | Individuals will behave in their best interest regardless
             | of external factors like unelected and unaccountable
             | bureaucrats.
        
           | ipqk wrote:
           | Before the official lockdown happened in NYC, the city was
           | basically already deserted. Virtually no one on trains that
           | didn't have to be, and restaurants/bars nearly empty. It was
           | going to happen regardless of government intervention.
        
           | stickfigure wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure the hardcore red states in the US would have
           | simply soaked up the 0.7% IFR and moved on. That might not
           | have helped with semiconductors, but there would probably
           | still be meat and potatoes.
        
             | elzbardico wrote:
             | The IFR for covid is also heavily stratified by age. The
             | latest best estimate from the CDC put it at 0.6% IFR for
             | the general population, but at 0.05% for the 18-49 years
             | group.
             | 
             | I am still not completely convinced that the choice of
             | blanket lockdowns instead of focused protection of risky
             | groups didn't make things worse by prolonging the pandemic,
             | a.k.a. "flattening the curve".
             | 
             | Old people are not very mobile by nature, and had we kept
             | the economy working, but with government assistance, we
             | would probably be able to improve the social distancing of
             | the elder and the obese for as much as we needed. The rest
             | of the population could live their life as usual, with
             | minimal consequence, and the virus would peter out when it
             | find it difficult to find new host without immunity.
             | 
             | Instead we lockdown indiscriminately, and opened up
             | indiscriminately and probably sooner then the ideal,
             | because you simply can't keep thing lockdown for the whole
             | society for long: Your resources are going to exhaust some
             | day.
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | Sure they'd have soaked up the loss but I strongly doubt a
             | collapsing healthcare system would have resulted in not
             | much "moved on". Delta isn't 0.7 IFR. But even a high IFR
             | doesn't calculate how many hospital/ICU beds are used by
             | infected but not (yet) dead.
        
         | lettergram wrote:
         | From the beginning it was known this would push 130 million
         | people nearly to starvation
         | 
         | https://edition.cnn.com/2020/04/22/africa/coronavirus-famine...
        
         | barney54 wrote:
         | The energy situation in Europe and Asia is already ugly. The
         | Indians only have about 4 days of coal at their powerplants,
         | China has already had blackouts, and in Europe the price of
         | natural gas is the equivalent of oil at $200 a barrel.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | I disagree, the system has been unstable for years, this was
         | just the first Black Swan that happened to land and sent it
         | crashing to the ground. This was always going to happen. Taleb
         | et al have been warning about the fragility of our systems for
         | decades now and that JIT and long supply chains have made
         | things even worse.
         | 
         | You're taking the wrong lesson from lockdowns.
        
           | mhandley wrote:
           | It may well be that this was the pandemic we needed - really
           | bad, but not so bad as to be catastrophic. When the next
           | pandemic comes along, we'll be a lot better at fast vaccine
           | production and lab testing, more prepared for how to lock
           | down early and effectively, and understand better how to keep
           | an economy running in lockdown. And the supply chain, when it
           | eventually recovers and has time to breath again, will
           | realize the value of building in more slack, shorter supply
           | chains, etc. In the end though, while a lot could have been
           | done much better, society generally has survived this
           | disruption surprisingly well so far. Will it survive a worse
           | future pandemic or larger disruption? I guess that depends on
           | how well the lessons from this one are learned.
        
         | howmayiannoyyou wrote:
         | Lockdowns are not the whole story, just a major contributing
         | factor. Other factors:
         | 
         | - China energy shortages forcing rolling blackouts.
         | 
         | - Long standing under investment in older chip fab
         | manufacturing (eg. auto industry).
         | 
         | - Long standing under investment in US port infrastructure,
         | causing unprecedented shipping backlogs.
         | 
         | - Copper foil shortage due to over reliance on Chinese sources.
         | 
         | - Covid negative impact on childcare, both informal and formal,
         | requiring formerly working parents to now opt for unemployment
         | or lower incomes.
        
           | newbamboo wrote:
           | - inflation
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | People would have locked themselves down. My work group bailed
         | a week before the lockdowns began. Of course some people would
         | have locked down by dying. It was really a choice of an
         | organized lockdown or a disorganized one.
        
         | heisenbit wrote:
         | We were running an over-optimized system on fumes. Such is the
         | nature of long periods of high stability with no oversight
         | governance enforcing robustness. Any disruption would have had
         | self amplifying and propagating consequences.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | Blaming lockdowns isn't the full story. Demand for electronics
         | is way, way up. Everything from people being bored at home to
         | extra stimulus dollars has put extra demand on everything
         | electronic.
         | 
         | The effect is amplified as companies are panic-buying every
         | part they might possibly need for the next few years.
        
           | tailspin2019 wrote:
           | > Demand for electronics is way, way up. Everything from
           | people being bored at home to extra stimulus dollars has put
           | extra demand on everything electronic.
           | 
           | Yep this is a really good point, and not so widely
           | understood. A compounding effect of increased demand and
           | extremely limited supply...
        
           | bgorman wrote:
           | Demand for electronics being up is directly correlated to
           | lockdowns. PCs had been a declining sector for years before
           | covid lockdowns.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Demand for cars is way up, too, which isn't expected in
             | lockdown conditions.
        
               | birdyrooster wrote:
               | Sure it is, you couldn't (or still can't) safely carpool
               | or take public transit so you need a personal vehicle.
               | Simultaneously people are ordering record amounts of food
               | delivery causing a surge in car based employment greater
               | than was seen with Uber and Lyft of yore.
        
               | newbamboo wrote:
               | - inflation
        
               | switch007 wrote:
               | Really? With governments saying avoid public transport
               | and encouraging people to work remotely which caused a
               | huge number of people to move to the countryside where
               | public transport is largely non existent therefore
               | requiring cars.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | Plus, with airplanes and international travel being off
               | limits, the number of people going on road trips for
               | their vacations has no doubt greatly increased.
        
             | tcoff91 wrote:
             | Demand for GPUs at least is probably just as much if not
             | more due to the crypto bull run that took place.
        
           | newbamboo wrote:
           | - inflation
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | > The effect is amplified as companies are panic-buying every
           | part they might possibly need for the next few years.
           | 
           | I wonder how much commodities speculation are screwing up the
           | availability...
        
         | the-dude wrote:
         | Manufacturers were anticipating lower demand due to COVID
         | effects, not lockdowns per se.
         | 
         | It is not like life would have continued uninterrupted without
         | lockdowns.
        
           | goalieca wrote:
           | Every economic forecast I read in April 2020 assumed things
           | would be open by q3/q4 last year.
        
             | CydeWeys wrote:
             | Sounds like that forecast was wrong then. Also, you
             | should've been looking at the forecasts from
             | epidemiologists, not economists. Viruses don't care about
             | what economists want.
        
               | tenpies wrote:
               | Unfortunately - and as we can continue to see - there is
               | nothing stopping scientists from being political mouth
               | pieces. "Trust the science" comes with a huge asterisk:
               | only the science of the approved scientific speaker by
               | the approved political party and only of the approved
               | narrative.
               | 
               | The scientists that spoke out against this were quickly
               | shunned, the wagons circled, and when evidence became to
               | crushing to hold the narrative, history was simply re-
               | written via gaslighting.
               | 
               | With economists at least we know they will regularly be
               | wrong and that you will openly see differing schools of
               | thought on even the most foundational of issues.
        
             | nicoburns wrote:
             | Which was pretty stupid given that public health
             | professionals (and indeed people here on HN) were
             | forecasting the pandemic lasting a minimum of 18 months
             | from around that time when it became clear that it wasn't
             | going to be contained to China.
        
               | goalieca wrote:
               | They were using the model forecasts from the health
               | community. We all knew it would become endemic but it was
               | hard to forecast lockdowns would continue for so long.
        
           | szundi wrote:
           | This. And then when people started buy more cars instead of
           | less, the automotive industry squeezed out all silicon for
           | themselves with their contracts and power. Here we are from
           | other industries without a single chip, while the car
           | manufacturers probably are sitting on 2 years of supplies
           | now.
        
       | silksowed wrote:
       | how much of this is due to the monopolization of manufacturing to
       | a the few most efficient players? concentrated efficiency and
       | concentrated risk?
        
       | scardycat wrote:
       | Just in time manufacturing contributes a lot to this shortage. We
       | rely so much on integrated supply chain logistics, the pandemic
       | clearly brought in to focus the "optimizations" of JIT
       | manufacturing. The lack of local supply pools as buffer is so
       | short sighted.
        
         | dv_dt wrote:
         | It's not clear to me that any of the proposed causes are singly
         | driving the shortages. The closest analogy in my mind is that
         | our global production and logistics system is suffering from
         | multiple shifting bottlenecks with secondary induced
         | inefficiencies. Those new inefficiencies include JIT buffer
         | exhaustion, related slowdowns, capacity reduction, priority
         | inversions and resource contention.
        
         | slg wrote:
         | I don't know much about how supply chains function so I am
         | wondering how is just in time manufacturing still to blame when
         | the chip shortage has been ongoing for over a year? Wouldn't
         | everyone have burned through their inventory at this point?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | captainmuon wrote:
           | The idea is not that they should have had a stock for
           | multiple years of demand. Rather, if you have a warehouse and
           | are able to _build_ a bit of stock, you can ramp up much
           | faster.
           | 
           | The actual closings due to lockdown were only a couple of
           | weeks in most industries. What really hurt imho was that
           | orders were cancelled, production capability was scaled back,
           | but demand came back faster than expected.
        
             | slg wrote:
             | It makes sense why it would ease the initial shock from
             | shutdowns, but how would it help with the cancelled orders
             | and scaled back production? It seems like it would just
             | stretch out the shock over a longer period of time. Would
             | that actually stop the disruptions because it seems like
             | they would eventually burn through all the inventory
             | eventually because of that?
        
           | dannyw wrote:
           | It takes two years to ramp up more fab capacity.
        
         | makomk wrote:
         | Not using just in time manufacturing might help with short-term
         | disruptions, but we're approaching the two year point on the
         | pandemic and the associated global disruptions and it's just
         | not realistic to keep enough stock in for that long. The
         | current generation of stuff like CPUs and GPUs hasn't even been
         | released and in production for that long...
        
           | dwild wrote:
           | Well to be fair, it's not 2 years of stock that would be
           | needed, as there was still some production that was happening
           | during theses 2 years.
        
           | kennywinker wrote:
           | My understanding is that the 1st order disruption is long-
           | over. The factories and ports are all back online, etc. two
           | years out all that's left is the ripple effects of the
           | original ~6 month disturbance. It's just that those ripples
           | are amplified by the way the supply chain operates (just in
           | time).
        
             | makomk wrote:
             | The first-order disruption definitely isn't long over -
             | important manufacturing locations like Vietnam and Malaysia
             | were in lockdown until as recently a week or two ago, and I
             | don't think things are back to operating normally there yet
             | Parts of China might still actually be under lockdown right
             | now.
        
               | kennywinker wrote:
               | Is lockdown really effecting manufacturing in those
               | places? Because when we had "lockdown" where I live that
               | meant no fun, not no work - but of course everywhere has
               | done it differently
        
             | brewdad wrote:
             | So we are at the hoarding toilet paper stage of the crisis?
             | Everyone is ordering as much as they can, so effectively no
             | one actually gets their order filled.
        
           | ren_engineer wrote:
           | bullwhip effect, this stuff has been known for decades. Our
           | entire global economy depends on ideal conditions to function
           | properly
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullwhip_effect
        
           | ericbarrett wrote:
           | I agree, but if a manufacturer has the means (physical and
           | budgetary) to store a significant supply of components, they
           | can order larger quantities with longer lead times, so they
           | would still be more resilient in extended shortage
           | situations.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | This is great for that particular supplier, but an order
             | for a larger quantity will just squeeze the inventory of
             | every other supplier even more.
             | 
             | The problem is that we are trying to squeeze blood out of a
             | rock. Demand exceeds supply, and it takes years to scale
             | supply up. It doesn't matter if we are using JIT or not,
             | the suppliers for the bottlenecks have all been working at
             | 100% since essentially the start of the pandemic.
        
             | genericone wrote:
             | Extended shortage situations account for
             | fires/earthquakes/tsunamis/singularities, short events with
             | long-term but predictable downstream effects. Extended
             | shortage planning doesn't account for 2 year-long
             | political-struggles, which requires something more like
             | war-time planning, spending, and the inevitable waste from
             | stockpiling.
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | I keep seeing that argument every single time and keep
         | wondering, isn't there reason to implement JIT? Something like
         | cost benefits outweigh the resilience risks?
         | 
         | It's not like people start dying on the streets, simply things
         | are getting expensive and hard to get during disturbances.
         | 
         | Are there calculations demonstrating that JIT the risks of
         | optimization are more harmful than helpful in the long run?
        
           | aidenn0 wrote:
           | I don't think anybody actually did the math on this though.
           | It's more like "I get a fat bonus if I decrease inventory
           | without a significant effect to sales over the next 3
           | quarters" so as long as the near-term risk is worth it, it
           | gets done.
           | 
           | [edit]
           | 
           | There's also the "If I don't implement JIT, I'll get replaced
           | with someone who will" effect in a lot of cases too.
        
             | Guest42 wrote:
             | That's the impression I get, not so much JIT but rather
             | limiting supply budgets as much as possible. A lot of
             | companies tout Toyota as the pinnacle of manufacturing
             | without realizing that they are not Toyota and there was
             | more to Toyota's success than JIT.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | JIT is a boogeyman in some cases. Ultimately it doesn't make
           | sense to stockpile parts most of the time for financial and
           | other reasons. If Intel had a warehouse of 1Gb chips, they
           | would have a disincentive to invest in 10Gb, for example.
           | 
           | The dysfunction is the accounting games that companies are
           | incentivized to keep stuff off of their books. Every company
           | wants to look like a software company and avoid stuff like
           | inventory. Some of this is absurd - many companies don't
           | "own" property, for example, they lease through entities that
           | are sometimes only nominally separate.
           | 
           | Sometimes companies will outsource processes and fulfillment
           | to layers of other entities, each of which do the same thing.
           | Disruptions cascade - I had one issue last year where a
           | supplier's supplier had issues getting boxes, and a two week
           | delay there delayed downstream fulfillment by 6 weeks. All
           | because the people who ship the end product couldn't deliver,
           | and the "principal" outsourced the actual management of the
           | process to a third party. If the principal controlled it,
           | they would have gotten it done, as they were punished
           | severely by the contract penalties. They bet on everything
           | working out ok and lost.
        
             | laumars wrote:
             | Ironically the biggest two IT companies in the world, Apple
             | and Amazon, are ones that go out of their way to control
             | the entire supply chain.
        
           | Naga wrote:
           | The problem JIT is solving is that raw materials inventory
           | ties up capital (it costs money), and having warehouses of
           | materials is money sitting that could be used for different
           | purposes (capital expenditures, salaries, dividends, etc).
           | Then, if for some reason the raw materials aren't worthwhile
           | anymore (spoilage, tech change, etc), you've wasted money on
           | something that needs to be disposed of. In theory, the goal
           | would be to have no inventory at all.
           | 
           | JIT is a firm level decision, not a society level. It's up to
           | each firm to decide how much of something they are buying.
        
           | tablespoon wrote:
           | > I keep seeing that argument every single time and keep
           | wondering, isn't there reason to implement JIT? Something
           | like cost benefits outweigh the resilience risks?
           | 
           | Just think about evolution: species specialize for short(er)
           | term benefits, but then conditions change and a lot of those
           | specialists go extinct.
           | 
           | JIT is specializing for an extremely reliable and undisrupted
           | supply chain.
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | JIT assumes a steady state, so squeezes all the buffering out
           | of the system. But buffers are useful.
           | 
           | > It's not like people start dying on the streets
           | 
           | Well, that's a good example: there was a huge rise in need
           | for masks and other protective gear about 20 months ago and
           | the supply chain couldn't handle it. That was why people were
           | encouraged to use makeshift cloth masks, to leave the
           | surgical masks and respirators for medical personnel who had
           | the greatest exposure.
           | 
           | Eliminating buffering cuts cost and can lead to lower prices
           | as well. But at best it merely pushes the buffer elsewhere.
           | 
           | Another way of looking at it: leaving seatbelts out of cars
           | would save money and really, most cars are not involved in
           | accidents so are they really needed? Pass the savings on to
           | the customer!
        
             | mrtksn wrote:
             | I know the benefits of having a buffer but do we need
             | buffers everywhere? As in your example, wouldn't be much
             | better to have a buffer in the hospitals(or maybe some kind
             | of regional emergency organisations) as a precaution for an
             | outbreak instead of advocating for buffers across the
             | textile industry?
             | 
             | I like the way you put it, JIT simply pushes the buffer
             | elsewhere. However, this seems like a very good thing to
             | have because those who cannot afford running out of
             | something can do a buffer themselves instead of blindly
             | everyone keeps buffering.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > I know the benefits of having a buffer but do we need
               | buffers everywhere? As in your example, wouldn't be much
               | better to have a buffer in the hospitals(or maybe some
               | kind of regional emergency organisations) as a precaution
               | for an outbreak instead of advocating for buffers across
               | the textile industry?
               | 
               | The problem with that specific kind of stockpile buffer
               | is that it can become quickly depleted. No mask stockpile
               | would have been sufficient for the COVID pandemic.
               | 
               | From my layman's perspective, you need stockpiles _and_
               | excess production capacity to weather a supply shock. It
               | 's sort of like backup power in a data center: you have
               | UPS batteries (stockpiled power) to fill the gap until
               | the generators (extra production capacity) can come
               | online.
        
               | mhb wrote:
               | You also need the ability to raise prices when there are
               | shortages in order to encourage buffering. Unfortunately,
               | the people who like anti-price gouging laws appear to
               | prefer shortages and misallocation of goods.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > You also need the ability to raise prices when there
               | are shortages in order to encourage buffering.
               | 
               | No, but I can see how someone would some to that
               | conclusion by thinking narrowly in terms of pop free
               | market dogma.
               | 
               | > Unfortunately, the people who like anti-price gouging
               | laws appear to prefer shortages and misallocation of
               | goods.
               | 
               | Price gouging is actually a worse misallocation of goods.
               | It's _still a shortage_ , but it just doesn't hit rich
               | people as hard. If you have food stockpiles to barely
               | feed everyone through winter, it's not a proper
               | allocation to let the market price food so richer people
               | can feast and some poor people starve to death.
               | 
               | Price gouging introduces a lot of (especially short term)
               | inefficiencies as greedy parasites make profit-seeking
               | decisions based on their greed and not social need.
               | 
               | Markets work very well in some contexts, but it's a
               | mistake to think they work best in all contexts. Crisis
               | shortages are not one of the contexts where they work
               | well.
        
               | caylus wrote:
               | > It's still a shortage, but it just doesn't hit rich
               | people as hard.
               | 
               | It sounds like you're assuming that increases in price
               | don't increase quantity supplied. While this may be true
               | in some contexts (e.g. completely unexpected global
               | crisis), there are many cases in which it does:
               | 
               | - In a local crisis, an increase in price encourages
               | shipping in goods from areas not in crisis. Why would
               | someone take the risk of shipping for the same price they
               | can get elsewhere?
               | 
               | - As the GP mentioned, the ability to raise prices
               | provides an incentive for stockpiling goods. Why would
               | someone incur the expense of maintaining a stockpile in
               | exchange for no benefit in a case where the stockpile is
               | needed?
               | 
               | I'd also argue that it's very unlikely for price
               | increases to render all basic necessities impossible to
               | afford, even for poor people. Consider water - even for
               | someone living in poverty what percent of their budget
               | would you guess is allocated to water? Maybe 5%? So even
               | a doubling of the price of water (for context, price
               | gouging laws typically restrict price increases to around
               | 10%) would only increase that to 10%, leaving plenty of
               | room for them to reallocate not-as-essential parts of
               | their budget. For food perhaps the original percent is
               | higher, but there's much more opportunity to substitute
               | cheaper foods in a crisis situation.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > - In a local crisis, an increase in price encourages
               | shipping in goods from areas not in crisis. Why would
               | someone take the risk of shipping for the same price they
               | can get elsewhere?
               | 
               | One reason is that people don't operate exclusively in
               | the market paradigm, but free market economics makes the
               | (false) simplifying assumption that they do.
               | 
               | > - As the GP mentioned, the ability to raise prices
               | provides an incentive for stockpiling goods. Why would
               | someone incur the expense of maintaining a stockpile in
               | exchange for no benefit in a case where the stockpile is
               | needed?
               | 
               | If you think about that actual scenario, that makes no
               | sense as a business decision. People aren't going to pay
               | the costs of stockpiling something in the off chance they
               | can benefit from price gouging during an unpredictable
               | crisis.
               | 
               | What really happens is parasites try to drain the supply
               | chain so they can flip the goods at a price-gouging
               | markup. You saw this during the pandemic: dudes driving
               | around buying all the hand sanitizers and masks they
               | could, then keeping them in their garage away from where
               | they were needed, hoping to make a big personal profit.
               | All they did was exacerbate the shortages.
        
           | lisper wrote:
           | It's a value judgement. You can optimize for the normal case
           | at the cost of disruptions when the unusual happens, or you
           | can optimize for the unusual case at the cost of inefficiency
           | when things are normal. But you can't do both.
        
           | unilynx wrote:
           | Well only a decade ago Moore's law ensured that keeping any
           | amount of stock on CPUs/GPU/memory would cost you a lot of
           | money, as that would depreciate _fast_. JIT was a good idea
           | until it wasn 't
        
             | whatshisface wrote:
             | The Moore's law argument does not apply to low performance
             | embedded chips which are whatever the engineers want them
             | to be, but _must_ be exactly what the engineers wanted them
             | to be. The chips themselves were often the same between
             | different models of the product, but even though demand for
             | them was a very predictable function of the number of
             | products made, and stable over time (pursuant to the
             | stability of demand for the product), everyone 's inventory
             | consisted of whatever was in the box that was being carried
             | from the loading dock to the pick and place machine.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | q-big wrote:
             | > Well only a decade ago Moore's law ensured that keeping
             | any amount of stock on CPUs/GPU/memory would cost you a lot
             | of money, as that would depreciate _fast_.
             | 
             | This clearly holded for PC components, but rather not for,
             | say, microcontrollers for conservatively developed products
             | with a much longer service life and/or duration of sell.
             | 
             | Consider, for example, a stock of microcontrollers for an
             | industrial machinery that
             | 
             | * will be used for 20 years by the customers,
             | 
             | * will be sold for the next 10 years,
             | 
             | * after these 10 years, for the remaining lifetime of the
             | machine, the customer will still be able to buy spare
             | parts.
        
         | cannabis_sam wrote:
         | If computer network technology had been built on the same
         | shortsighted business logic we would never have had the
         | internet..
         | 
         | Imagine a link-layer protocol without any buffers, no
         | retransmissions or any kind of resilience, built on the most
         | optimistic estimates; that's essentially what the "business
         | world" has built with their irrational philosophy based around
         | "the market"..
        
           | culpable_pickle wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol would
           | like a word
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | UDP is almost _always_ used with buffers, error correction
             | codes, and other measures to deal with imperfection
        
             | dv_dt wrote:
             | While there are users for UDP, I would guess that TCP
             | accounts for more traffic by choice. Of course there are
             | sometimes problems associated with too much buffer too.
        
             | cannabis_sam wrote:
             | Ouch, thanks for the pushback!
             | 
             | But isn't it called tcp/ip for a reason?
        
               | MandieD wrote:
               | Do you use a VPN to connect your corporate laptop to your
               | employer's network from home? Do you use Wireguard, or
               | its easier-to-use derivative, Tailescale, to connect any
               | of your devices? Do you use any form of VOIP (Voice over
               | IP)?
               | 
               | (Edited because I forgot the big one) Have you ever used
               | a name and not an IP address to connect to something on
               | the internet?
               | 
               | Congratulations! You're a UDP user!
        
               | cannabis_sam wrote:
               | Yes! I absolutely use UDP!
               | 
               | I once built a prototype network stack on top of a udp
               | library that simulated a physical network layer..
               | 
               | Doesn't change the fact that tcp/ip was the network stack
               | that enabled the internet.
               | 
               | But I was trying to sidestep that tangent by mentioning
               | link layer protocols in my second paragraph.
        
       | stragies wrote:
       | Some people I talk to have started repurposing cheap previous-gen
       | Android TV QuadCore ARM SBCs for the embedded (mostly headless)
       | projects they previously used NUCs and PIs in. They are available
       | at moderate quantity with short delay at under 25EUR a pop.
        
       | nimbius wrote:
       | somewhat related, but can anyone tell me why PCEngines
       | specifically use Intel nics in their ALIX systems? surely realtek
       | and other players have caught up to them by now for the
       | performance envelope of the board.
        
         | dannyw wrote:
         | Try using a realtek NIC on a BSD system and see how many days
         | before your networking softlocks.
         | 
         | Also some distros just don't include the drivers. I had to
         | build the realtek 2.5gbe drivers from source, on an unnetworked
         | system, last month! Latest ubuntu distro.
        
         | stragies wrote:
         | Afaik, the Intel Network cards are more like dedicated CPUs,
         | that can run various "programs", one of which is "standard,
         | fully-transparent network card".
         | 
         | If signed with the right key, some can run entire stacks, such
         | as iSCSI, FCoE and others. The Multiport ones can do switching,
         | filtering, and some basic routing in hardware. The "other"
         | operating system is totally unencumbered by this.
         | 
         | This is routinely used by e.g. Intel AMT/ME, which programs the
         | network card to reroute some destination ports to (in this case
         | internal) recipients (the ME-processor).
         | 
         | That feature is what makes out-of-band management possible for
         | people having added the right keys to ME, or knowing one of the
         | preinstalled ones.
         | 
         | And as a HW-Vendor you never know; maybe your client might one
         | day want to use these "offloading" features. Maybe he just
         | doesn't know it yet...
         | 
         | So when the good offer from Intel comes in, you go for it.
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | Driver support and stability.
        
       | formerly_proven wrote:
       | Currently working on a new design for a client, it's quite a
       | pain. Lots of things, even mundane things like connectors and
       | such are out of stock / low stock and usually quite a bit more
       | expensive.
        
         | lbriner wrote:
         | How are non-ICs in short-supply? Did I miss a whole story about
         | supply chain problems or is it literally that overall demand
         | has maxed out overall supply and most people don't have the
         | means to increase production?
        
           | X-Istence wrote:
           | If you look at the various ports, the ships are waiting to
           | enter so that they can offload.
           | 
           | There's a lack of shipping options available to get items to
           | the US in the first place, that means that various bits and
           | bobs necessary to manufacture a widget aren't available
           | because they are stuck in a shipping container somewhere
           | around the world and there is no available space to put it on
           | a ship.
        
             | cactus2093 wrote:
             | Yep outside of a few industries that have specific supply
             | constraints (like semiconductors) the broad shortages are
             | mostly due to the ports. They have zero room to absorb the
             | additional demand thanks to the longshoreman unions having
             | blocked all opportunities for automation and efficiency
             | improvements over the past couple decades, so a record
             | number of ships are waiting at anchor for many days if not
             | weeks outside of major US ports.
        
               | unglaublich wrote:
               | Blaming failures on unions and employees' rights is a
               | traditional excuse for US companies it seems.
        
         | qiqitori wrote:
         | I was looking to buy parallel EEPROMs (DIP) a couple days ago
         | and found they were pretty expensive and mostly unavailable. I
         | was wondering if that's because this type of IC is rather niche
         | these days, or whether it's due to what's called the "chip
         | shortage".
         | 
         | If anyone knows or has an educated opinion, please let me
         | know...
        
           | AdrianB1 wrote:
           | Price gouging in most cases, supported by difficulties in
           | transportation and customs. I work in manufacturing (not IT
           | products) and this is what we see. Chip shortage is real, but
           | not every single type of chip.
        
           | MisterTea wrote:
           | In DIP packages? I purchased a few EEPROMS and Flash parts
           | from Digikey recently to fix a old industrial laser. I spent
           | like $5 on the EEproms and something like $2.50 for the
           | equivalent flash parts. I was trying to see if I could
           | migrate the machine to flash as the parts were pin compatible
           | and the laser uses battery backed SRAM for storage. Worked
           | perfectly.
        
           | joezydeco wrote:
           | It's a niche part and you shouldn't be surprised if it's
           | discontinued soon. Think about migrating your design.
           | 
           | I'm starting to see end-of-life notices for a lot of parts
           | that I wouldn't normally see at their age, but if they're low
           | runners that would totally make sense.
           | 
           | If you see lead times longer than a year, that's your early
           | warning.
        
             | Qub3d wrote:
             | I imagine one end result of this supply squeeze is that a
             | lot of bespoke or legacy parts will be finally removed from
             | designs that have up until now been "good enough". To cite
             | the most common example, vehicle manufacturers' most common
             | supply pain-point is ICs built on a ~200nm process, which
             | was state of the art between 1996-2000.
             | 
             | I understand it makes sense to move slower for chips
             | embedded in long-life devices, and they need additional
             | validation; however, at some point if lead times are long
             | enough and prices stay high it becomes reasonable to start
             | that extended validation process on newer chips.
             | 
             | This would hopefully mean consumers start seeing
             | infotainment with much better performance in the second
             | half of 2022, and this lines up with industry expectations
             | of when the squeeze will lift.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > To cite the most common example, vehicle manufacturers'
               | most common supply pain-point is ICs built on a ~200nm
               | process, which was state of the art between 1996-2000.
               | 
               | I'm a total layman, but that might be misunderstanding
               | "state of the art." Larger feature sizes may be _better_
               | for their applications if they allow the parts to be more
               | reliable.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Qub3d wrote:
               | I meant the node itself was state of the art. The
               | application reliability is important, but in practice
               | will be balanced against cost of goods -- just like how
               | consumer PCs use non-ECC memory and try to handle it in
               | software (or just decide occasional crashes are
               | acceptable), there would likely be additional failure
               | compensation added in other areas to adjust for otherwise
               | cheaper parts on a smaller process node.
               | 
               | And if you think a car company wouldn't use a less-
               | reliable part because of safety concerns, look at the
               | Pinto: Ford _knew_ it had a tendency to, erm, explode,
               | but calculated _paying off lawsuits_ would be cheaper
               | than fixing the problem. [1]
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Pinto#Cost%E2%80%
               | 93benefi...
        
               | formerly_proven wrote:
               | There are one to two multimedia SoCs in a car. There are
               | hundreds to thousands of mixed-signal and power ASICs in
               | a car. Those are on large nodes, not because they're
               | outdated, but because that's what you use for power and
               | mixed signal. TSMC N7 is _great_ for that 2 GHz ARM quad-
               | core SoC, but garbage when you need to drive a piezo fuel
               | valve.
        
               | joezydeco wrote:
               | Infotainment systems have multiple-year lead times and
               | validating a PCB change can run just as long. Unless
               | you're Tesla.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | Probably because such ICs are rather niche indeed. Any way of
           | re-architecting your system to use an SPI flash chip? If
           | anything else fails, you could go the extreme route and get a
           | microcontroller to "translate"...
        
         | camtarn wrote:
         | Yep, similarly. We work with PLCs where the manufacturer
         | normally has fairly deep stocks of all the PLC CPUs, expansion
         | cards, etc - guaranteed part availability is one of the big
         | selling points of using PLCs. Some things are still available
         | but others are completely out, to the point where we're
         | considering completely redesigning some of our smaller
         | experimental projects around e.g. Raspberry Pis.
         | 
         | What we do when RPis stop being available is yet to be seen...
        
           | chakspak wrote:
           | I think that's already started to happen. I had to buy the
           | Essentials kit this week because a standalone Pi was not
           | available from any distributor, with lead times of up to a
           | year.
        
           | vanattab wrote:
           | https://www.theregister.com/2021/08/20/raspberry_pi_supply_e.
           | ..
           | 
           | rpi4 are already getting hard to find.
        
             | stragies wrote:
             | Repurposeable QuadCore ARM SOCs are fairly easy to find in
             | the form of previous-gen Android TV Boxes, for fractions of
             | the price of the RPI4. Some are weaker, some are slightly
             | stronger, but in many embedded situation these do well
             | enough.
        
         | baybal2 wrote:
         | Had few surplus STM32 reels. Ebayed them for a few thousand
         | bucks.
         | 
         | I can only imagined how much money did the people who envisaged
         | the shortage early enough got from hoarding chips.
        
         | Aissen wrote:
         | Yes, you design for what you can order instead of ordering
         | what's in your design.
        
           | stagger87 wrote:
           | Parts are going from in-stock to multi-year lead times within
           | a single design iteration. uC's/passives/FPGAs/etc.
        
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