[HN Gopher] Ocean drone captures video from inside a hurricane
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Ocean drone captures video from inside a hurricane
        
       Author : duck
       Score  : 566 points
       Date   : 2021-10-01 05:54 UTC (17 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.noaa.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.noaa.gov)
        
       | alkonaut wrote:
       | As impressive as navigating and sailing autonomously is, I'm most
       | impressed by the construction of a camera where the lens isn't
       | completely sprayed with water while in a storm.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | I wonder if it's got a Clear View Screen [1] at an offset in
         | front of it, the round window thing you see in ships. Basically
         | a round pane that they spin really fast, throwing any water off
         | right away.
         | 
         | Shameless plug of a youtube channel I enjoy, here's a guy
         | installing one of those in their CNC machine to make better
         | footage [2].
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_view_screen [2]
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lYAnOheWHEA
        
           | ajdegol wrote:
           | It's not a shameless plug if it's not your own channel. :)
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | It doesn't look like it, there is some more footage online of
           | that drone and you can clearly see the spray stick to the
           | glass in front of the camera.
        
         | conductr wrote:
         | I was also wishing it had some form of gimbal/stabilization, I
         | think it would help visually to put the wave sizes into
         | perspective. Maybe not, I don't know much about video stuff
        
       | kuu wrote:
       | Probably it doesn't add any scientific value, but I was expecting
       | sound with the video (even if it all is noise)
        
         | comeonseriously wrote:
         | It probably would sound like noise.
         | 
         | Hurricanes are interesting to listen to, though. The banshee
         | wails of the winds as another band comes through. The low
         | growling/humming sound when it is otherwise quiet between
         | bands. The wet, snapping of death coming to a tree.
        
         | guenthert wrote:
         | Yes, if they put a microphone on a Mars rover, why not on an
         | ocean going drone? A microphone deep in the water might be nice
         | too (and I would be _very_ surprised if they don 't have those
         | for applications in marine biology and military).
        
       | throwawaysea wrote:
       | They footage is very cool, and also terrifying. Is the SailDrone
       | designed in some special way to avoid capsizing in such extreme
       | conditions? For that matter what do regular (amateur) boaters do
       | if their sailboat or motorized boat get caught in a bad storm on
       | the open ocean?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | EdwardDiego wrote:
         | From what I recall, it's designed with a "hurricane wing"[1].
         | 
         | As for regular yachts - drop a drogue, run before the storm
         | with a bare minimum of sails up to maintain steering ability,
         | try to keep the waves on your stern.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.saildrone.com/news/tropical-atlantic-
         | hurricane-m...
        
         | unwind wrote:
         | Their vechicle technology page [1] has some details about the
         | design, with pictures of the underwater parts too. It seems to
         | be a combination of the rigid sail, the crossing "spar", and
         | some sub-surface features.
         | 
         | Also surprised at the scale of the things, the smallest model
         | is 7 m (23 ft) long, the largest is a whopping 22 m (72 feet).
         | 
         | Pretty cool things!
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.saildrone.com/technology/vehicles
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | danking00 wrote:
         | The term to Google is "heavy weather sailing". There are a
         | number of techniques that start with checking the weather well
         | ahead of time.
         | 
         | If you're stuck at sea with a hurricane barreling down you can
         | try to sail around the equatorial edge of it (in the northern
         | hemisphere you try to sail south of it). Hurricanes tend to
         | veer away from the equator. Moreover the wind and waves will be
         | behind you, so you're less likely to get knocked over by a gust
         | or a wave. The boat is quite literally surfing.
         | 
         | If things get really bad you might heave-to which is a way to
         | work the wind against itself causing the boat to mostly stall.
         | It's supposed to be very safe in heavy winds, but you would be
         | pointing at the waves which is bound to be unpleasant.
         | 
         | Finally, a sailboat's keel is very heavy. Check out the
         | diagrams at [1]. The mast has to be well below water before the
         | sailboat prefers turtling to upright.
         | 
         | [1] http://troldand.dk/en/?The_Boat___Stability
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | In theory. In practice things will never ever go as planned
           | and you're going to have to improvise. Stuff will break, wind
           | will change direction rapidly, you may have to chop a sail,
           | you may lose a mast.
           | 
           | The very best way to deal with heavy weather is to be on the
           | shore.
        
         | sbacic wrote:
         | > For that matter what do regular (amateur) boaters do if their
         | sailboat or motorized boat get caught in a bad storm on the
         | open ocean?
         | 
         | I am far from an expert on this topic, but for sailboats; sea
         | anchors and storm sails. The first is a parachute-like device
         | that keeps the boat pointed in the right direction relative to
         | the waves. The second is a small, tough sail used when any
         | other sail, even while reefed, would be too big.
         | 
         | If you can't make it to shelter in time, it's better to weather
         | the storm in open water than near the shore - at least that
         | way, you won't risk hitting something and sinking.
        
         | occams_chainsaw wrote:
         | For that matter what do regular (amateur) boaters do if their
         | sailboat or motorized boat get caught in a bad storm on the
         | open ocean?
         | 
         | They footage IS very cool, for that matter what do EXPERIENCED
         | boaters do if their sailboat or motorized boat get caught in a
         | bad storm?
        
           | axiosgunnar wrote:
           | Pray
        
           | enriquto wrote:
           | > what do EXPERIENCED boaters do if their sailboat or
           | motorized boat get caught in a bad storm?
           | 
           | Nowadays I'd say experienced boaters never get to that point.
           | There's reliable weather forecasting and near-instantaneous
           | radar data. You can avoid the storms.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Exactly.
        
               | OldHand2018 wrote:
               | My understanding is that you can sail completely around
               | the world in a small sailboat without ever being more
               | than 2-3 weeks from a port of call. You check the weather
               | forecast and leave for the next leg of your journey when
               | you have a high confidence of a good weather window. And
               | I've heard that pretty much no port will kick you out if
               | you overstay your visa by waiting for safe weather
               | (though you probably have to stay on the boat and not
               | come ashore).
               | 
               | Also, at least in the US, typical boat insurance is very
               | expensive if you want to have your boat anywhere near
               | hurricane "areas" during hurricane season. People up here
               | in the northern US like to take their boats down to
               | Florida or the Caribbean during winter, but generally
               | their insurance policy is null and void if they get there
               | before Dec 1.
        
       | fullwaza wrote:
       | Disappointing. No shark-nado or laser beams anywhere.
        
       | m4tthumphrey wrote:
       | I genuinely feel quite terrified just watching that first video.
        
       | qwertyuiop_ wrote:
       | I always wondered how the seas looked inside the hurricane.
       | Thanks to technology someone accomplished this.
        
       | nanna wrote:
       | Not being funny but that's pretty much what it looks like on a
       | typical winter's day wherabouts I live (England).
        
         | arwineap wrote:
         | Bullshit.
         | 
         | Maybe force 6 is normal, but this is easily force 10+
         | 
         | Even the fastnet race of 79 was LESS than what we are seeing in
         | this video
         | 
         | The pilot chart for north atlantic in december is showing 20%
         | of days are at a gale in your latitudes, but that's again, a
         | far stretch from the video:
         | https://www.offshoreblue.com/nav/pilot-charts.php
         | 
         | Here's the beaufort scale for reference:
         | https://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/beaufort.html
        
         | jve wrote:
         | I actually had the expectation that Eye of the hurricane is
         | pretty calm. Doesn't look like. And then I wonder what happens
         | on the edge of the hurricane...
        
           | hirsin wrote:
           | The eye is very calm - and freakily bright. It glows from all
           | directions as the light is reflected down into it, causing
           | all the windows in the house to cast shadows onto the floor,
           | which your brain can quickly realize is wrong! But I expect
           | on the water it's a bit different - I experienced the eye of
           | hurricane Charley when it made landfall in Florida in 2004.
           | My uncle actually ran for his camera because he figured it'd
           | be calm a while. Thankfully he was right
        
           | jagged-chisel wrote:
           | But this footage is not from within the eye.
        
             | sergers wrote:
             | is it not? i assumed it was the eye with the title "inside
             | a huricane"
             | 
             | other sites: "For first time ever, drone sent into eye of
             | Cat. 4 hurricane"
             | 
             | the article outlines footage from inside the hurricane.
        
               | jagged-chisel wrote:
               | > the article outlines footage from inside the hurricane.
               | 
               | Further the article has a video showing the location of
               | the drone in the storm, pretty far from the eye.
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | 'Inside a hurricane' could very well mean either 'inside
               | the envelope around a hurricane where wind speeds exceed
               | hurricane force', 'inside the eye wall of a hurricane',
               | rather than 'inside the eye of a hurricane'.
               | 
               | If someone tells you there's jam inside a donut do you
               | complain that the hole through the middle appears to
               | contain no jam?
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | It definitely seems like it is from within the eye, or at
             | least extremely close to it based on the video imagery.
        
       | ape4 wrote:
       | Sci-fi: the hurricane takes it back in time to the 1400s. It
       | sails over to Europe and videos Columbus leaving for the new
       | world.
        
         | bookofjoe wrote:
         | Go deeper: The Vikings departing c. 1000
        
       | joshuahughes wrote:
       | Understandable but disappointing that there's no sound. I filled
       | the silence with a 'hurricane wind' track from Spotify, because
       | I'm sad like that...
       | https://open.spotify.com/episode/1p7ZN5APoqPzF2YSkH9vqP
        
       | scandox wrote:
       | I don't know why but I find watching extreme weather very
       | calming. I feel almost hypnotized watching that video.
       | 
       | I notice that there are a lot of videos on Youtube of stormy
       | weather which people use to help them sleep. So I guess this is
       | part of that same phenomenon.
        
       | sharmin123 wrote:
       | The Best And Easiest Ways To Protect Yourself From Hackers:
       | https://www.hackerslist.co/the-best-and-easiest-ways-to-prot...
        
       | alistairSH wrote:
       | Info from the manufacturer: https://www.saildrone.com
       | 
       | If I'm reading correctly, NOAA is using the smallest of the three
       | current models.
        
         | guenthert wrote:
         | The article states that they used five specially designed
         | drones. I thought that means that those are different then
         | three products listed on saildrones' website. The one in NOAA's
         | article looks a bit more sturdy (more compact sail) than the
         | small model.
        
       | aleksandrh wrote:
       | I really hope drones continue to be used for good, rather than
       | blowing people up from the comfort of a gaming chair.
        
         | Noumenon72 wrote:
         | Sneaking in under cover of hurricane for a first strike.
        
       | JoachimS wrote:
       | I really didn't grasp the size of that drone. It is not a little
       | model boat, it is a ship. This video shows it being launched, and
       | includes images of what it looks like:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gJ-uYy9Ap8A
        
         | ezzaf wrote:
         | That's a larger model, this is the earlier Saildrone Explorer
         | mentioned in that video. The vessel they are launching is 72
         | feet long, this one is 23 feet. So not a model boat, but not
         | large either.
        
           | yosito wrote:
           | The house I grew up in, in the US, was 23 feet wide. And
           | globally speaking, that's a big house. So it ain't small,
           | either.
        
           | fho wrote:
           | Could somebody please TL;DR the wing design (of the big boat)
           | for me? The one with the additional extra wing?
        
             | maxerickson wrote:
             | The hurricane wing? It's smaller.
             | 
             | https://www.saildrone.com/news/tropical-atlantic-
             | hurricane-m...
        
               | fho wrote:
               | Ah ok ... no I was asking about the full size wing with
               | that second wing attached to it.
        
               | jcun4128 wrote:
               | Think it's like an elevator on airplane controls the
               | angle of the big one.
               | 
               | Easier to rotate the wing than a motor at the root of the
               | big wing.
        
               | fho wrote:
               | Ooooh ... smart! Now ... I wonder if I can do the same
               | thing for my 3D printed (hobby-) VAWTs!
        
               | jcun4128 wrote:
               | I think those have some kind of centrifugal pitch control
               | with a linkage (based on RPM), might have to look at
               | existing designs.
               | 
               | There are some helicopter blades that have this same
               | idea, a little moving thing to control the pitch of the
               | rotor over a swash plate
        
               | rkagerer wrote:
               | Controlling the pitch of the blades is how _most_
               | helicopters work.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Yes, but that's using an external actuator, rather than
               | weights that pull the blades to their new angle.
        
               | jcun4128 wrote:
               | Probably wasn't clear above, I'm saying they weren't
               | using a swashplate (most helicopters) they were using
               | this little tiny tab attached to the rotor that could be
               | controlled.
               | 
               | This thing on kman kmax https://gallery.vtol.org/images/2
               | 017/08/15/kmaxServoFlap.jpg
               | 
               | info https://www.helis.com/howflies/servo.php
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That's a safety feature as much as it is an efficiency
               | feature, it allows you to safely furl the blades when you
               | are overspeeding, you can't rely on anything that isn't
               | directly connected to the rotor base because it might be
               | jammed, damaged, out of power or missing entirely. The
               | blades governing themselves is the ideal, the linkage is
               | there for synchronization and balance purposes only.
        
             | darksaints wrote:
             | It's a self trimming wingsail. Its only purpose is to
             | maintain the angle of attack of the main wing, much like
             | how a horizontal stabilizer works on an airplane.
             | 
             | Personally I think it is something that is brilliant, and
             | it is actually the primary feature that enables autonomous
             | operation as a drone. There are no halyards or sheets, no
             | ropes anywhere. All you have to do is maintain an angle of
             | attack relative to the wind, and you have propulsion.
             | 
             | BTW, the founder holds the wind propulsion land speed
             | record, and the wing design for this is an evolution of
             | that design. When you're moving at 4 times the wind speed,
             | no human can possibly keep up with the continuous trimming
             | demands of a sail. This design does it perfectly, and at an
             | overall _reduction_ in total complexity.
        
           | gertrunde wrote:
           | Nice, I had seen the Explorer models a while back and rather
           | liked the work they were doing, it's great to see they are
           | progressing and making larger ones.
        
         | jonshariat wrote:
         | Some smaller sizes ones shown here:
         | https://youtu.be/ugDnC0iidL4?t=227
        
       | comeonseriously wrote:
       | I would love to see it annotated with numerical data that it is
       | collecting, like how high the waves are, how fast the winds are,
       | etc.
        
       | krisoft wrote:
       | The date of the video is the most impressive to me here. It says
       | "Sept. 30, 2021" both as the date of the article and the date of
       | the video. If this is not a mistake that means they managed to
       | deliver the video from the hurricane to the internet in less than
       | 24 hours.
       | 
       | Why is this impressive? Either they beamed it out through
       | satelites, which is notoriously hard from an unstable platform on
       | big waves, or they recovered the saildrone and obtained the
       | footage directly which is equally impressive in or around a
       | hurricane.
       | 
       | All around if the dating of the footage is correct it is very
       | impressive to me.
        
         | metaphor wrote:
         | All that...by a US federal agency. Respect.
        
           | krasin wrote:
           | Saildrone is a startup; its primary customer is NOAA, the US
           | Federal agency in the question.
           | 
           | From my impressions, NOAA is a very useful agency that
           | delivers on its mission pretty well. But I never interacted
           | with them directly.
        
             | DavidPeiffer wrote:
             | I've used NOAA data to investigate how weather effects
             | production and energy consumption in manufacturing
             | environments.
             | 
             | I found the data to be of good quality, free, and a simple
             | interface to interact with.
             | 
             | One day I went to export data from their web portal and it
             | never seemed to be ready. I shot an email off with no
             | expectation of a response, but a little while later I got a
             | nice response from their system administrator that they
             | were doing an upgrade and some jobs got backed up in the
             | queue. My limited experience with them has been all
             | positive.
        
               | nbardy wrote:
               | NOAA is very hit or miss with their data. I spent a lot
               | of time this summer with the NOAA buoy data. So much of
               | it is available and well documented. The historical and
               | live CSV's are useful, but there is also the stuff where
               | a column name doesn't link up to any of the docs and you
               | have to dig through papers and reverse engineer the
               | correct equation.
               | 
               | The biggest downside is the buoy's are rather old so you
               | don't get a lot of data. Nowadays we could design a buoy
               | that streamed back all of its raw data. But the buoys are
               | designed with bandwidth constrained hardware so they do
               | the analysis on the machine and return the summary
               | results infrequently. It really limits what you're able
               | to do with the data. Especially holding back from machine
               | learning capability.
        
               | DavidPeiffer wrote:
               | I was using very basic factors - temperature and humidity
               | primarily. I never ran into that issue, but I could
               | certainly see it being a challenge.
               | 
               | Out of curiosity, what have you been using buoy data for?
        
             | hyper_dynamics wrote:
             | I do and it's true!
        
             | hparadiz wrote:
             | Their forecasts are used by basically all the news reports
             | in the entire country. They might actually have the most
             | direct effect on your life of any agency out there. When
             | there is a warning or watch it's basically their call.
        
               | metaphor wrote:
               | Something about NOAA brushing shoulders with what could
               | have been existential disaster[1] to the detriment of the
               | public, only to resume their mission of diving head first
               | into natural ones supported by the first-to-market ethos
               | of a modern startup has poetic justice vibes to it. A win
               | for both Saildrone and the general public at large.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-06-14/trump-
               | s-p...
        
             | i_am_proteus wrote:
             | NOAA's most obvious citizen-facing product for me has been
             | the National Hurricane Center.
             | 
             | Right here is a link to the web site:
             | https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/
             | 
             | Their forecasting graphics (probability distributions of
             | tropical cyclone tracks, wind speeds, rainfall, et cetera,
             | all overlaid on maps) are direct and easy-to-read, and do a
             | good job of conveying the uncertainty of the behavior of
             | these storms in a way that's legible to a lay person.
        
               | maxerickson wrote:
               | They run most of the weather radar in the US.
        
               | pbourke wrote:
               | When those tracks are thought to be inaccurate they can
               | easily be edited with a sharpie.
        
           | max-ibel wrote:
           | NOAA has always had it together. I think working for them
           | might be a lot of fun (unless you have to interface with
           | politics, which I think only a few people there have to).
        
         | CerealFounder wrote:
         | Hijacking: Can someone ELI5 me why two pockets of differing air
         | temperature create such violent weather patterns? It feels like
         | dark magic.
        
         | Jenk wrote:
         | I was just thinking to myself that maybe it's my age or
         | something but the fact that I am sat a thousand miles away
         | watching a video, on my phone, from inside a hurricane that was
         | recorded, edited, and published all in less than a day, is one
         | of those "I'm living in the future, aren't I?" Moments.
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | Watching dashcam video footage of the Chelyabinsk meteorite a
           | few hours after it had first been reported, on my smartphone,
           | sitting in the garage after a grocery run, was it for me.
        
             | pwg wrote:
             | In my case, it was seeing the photos of Comet Shoemaker-
             | Levy 9's [1] impact with Jupiter on the web very soon after
             | the impact date (latency was but a few days if memory
             | serves, date was July 1994).
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet_Shoemaker%E2%80%93L
             | evy_9
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | There were some earlier moments for me as well.
               | 
               | Being impacted by the Morris Worm, and having a (text-
               | based) copy of the Pons-Fleischman paper, both circa
               | 1988, via the uni Unix server, was pretty cool.
               | 
               | But Chelyabinsk was a massively-shared instance, where a
               | random news event in a place that was absolutely _not_ a
               | media centre, was still accessible in very short order
               | with multiple coverages.
               | 
               | Sci-Hub / LibGen give a similar feeling, though in a
               | different sense. Wells's World Brain and Bush's Memex,
               | delivered. Even if the Establishment is being dragged
               | kicking and screaming.
        
             | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
             | Watching it live was more impressive than videos, and the
             | BOOM was really shaking.
             | 
             | (I actually live in Chelyabinsk)
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | I prefer living in my future at a distance ;-)
               | 
               | That must have been absolutely amazing.
               | 
               | Did you see the initial airburst itself? What were your
               | thoughts / how would you describe your reaction as the
               | event unfolded?
        
               | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
               | I saw part of the burst and to me it was immediately
               | clear what it was. Also, the timing of the boom arrival
               | helped determine the distance with good precision.
               | 
               | Thoughts, 'WOW', 'COOL', 'Did somebody film that??', and,
               | of course, the rest of the workday was not very
               | productive. It was nice to see that so much footage made.
               | 
               | One thing footage doesn't show is, however, the heat: the
               | radiation was intense and open parts of the skin did feel
               | hot, like , REALLLY BURNING HOT. Had it lasted longer,
               | there would be burns on everybody.
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | I've seen estimates of the Chelyabinsk energy yield at
               | about 500 kT TNT equivalent. How that was distributed as
               | light, shock wave, and thermal energy (latter coupled
               | with light) has been something I'd wondered at, and your
               | comment on the heat is interesting.
               | 
               | I'd think that a larger impactor or one that survived
               | further into Earth's atmosphere (and closer to the
               | surface) might have changed that experience markedly.
               | You're informing my own advice-to-self as to how to
               | respond should I see a very large airburst at some point.
               | "Stay away from glass" was already part of that, as well
               | as "expect the shockwave after about 90 seconds". I think
               | I'll add "avoid direct thermal exposure if it looks to be
               | large" to the list.
               | 
               | If you've not already seen the Sandia Labs modelling
               | based on the 1908 Tunguska event, the shockwave dynamics
               | suggest to me why and how the multiple shockwave arrivals
               | at a given point on the ground occur:
               | 
               | https://newsreleases.sandia.gov/releases/2007/asteroid.ht
               | ml
               | 
               | Particularly this simulation:
               | http://www.sandia.gov/videos2007/2007-6514Pfire.hv1.1.mpg
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | "Resist the urge to stare at it through the window"
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | The one reason Halifax has such a large amount of
               | expertise on eye surgery was people not resisting that
               | urge.
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | From 1917?
        
               | LargoLasskhyfv wrote:
               | That was 191x. And _still_ translates to experience
               | /quality/clustering of eye surgery there?
               | 
               | I'm unaware of something like that in locations which
               | suffered from large explosions around a similar
               | timeframe.
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | "Do not look into laser with remaining eye."
               | 
               | "Do not gaze upon meteorite armageddon through window
               | with remaining face."
        
               | sbierwagen wrote:
               | Nukemap has settings for airburst height (under "advanced
               | options"): https://nuclearsecrecy.com/nukemap/
               | 
               | For a 10mt explosion at 20km height it shows a third
               | degree burn radius of 27km. Chelyabinsk was ~0.5kt at
               | 29km. Larger objects are expected to penetrate further
               | into the atmosphere before exploding:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor_air_burst
               | 
               | I'm not sure how much time you'd have to evaluate size or
               | distance, videos of Chelyabinsk show it pretty bright
               | just a second or two after becoming visible. Length of
               | infrared exposure determines severity of burn, so
               | reacting early is helpful.
        
           | thuccess129 wrote:
           | The stream had no audio and my brainchip implant couldn't
           | feel me the salty smell of the sea and the blast of wind on
           | my face.
        
           | kzrdude wrote:
           | One thing I usually highlight about the Moon Landing (1969)
           | is that the delivered not just people on the moon, but it was
           | broadcast live!
           | 
           | We can still appreciate that as a mind-blowing achievement!
           | And it might put a damper on the enthusiasm for a delayed
           | video of a wet drone.. :)
        
           | usrusr wrote:
           | For me it was "so I'm living in the future, and look how
           | relatively boring it is". Boring compared to the wild storm
           | chaser fantasies of Bruce Sterling, and fortunately boring.
           | 
           | But well, there are still ten years to go until 2031, let's
           | hope we still won't be enticed to think about an F-6 by
           | then...
        
           | davidw wrote:
           | My wife was hiking in the high mountains here in Oregon,
           | above 2000 meters, and received a video call from her mom who
           | was in Florence, Italy.
           | 
           | I am old enough to remember rotary phones and I am not _that_
           | old.
        
         | krasin wrote:
         | Based on the photo from the NASA website ([1]), they use a
         | Thales Satellite modem ([2]). My best guess it's VesseLINK 700
         | ([3]) that uses Iridium Certus constellation ([4]) and costs
         | around $8K ([5]).
         | 
         | Key Features:
         | 
         | * Robust, Light-Weight Communications for at Sea Operations
         | 
         | * Certus 700 Services (352 kbps Up/704 kbps Down & 256 kbps
         | Streaming Capable)
         | 
         | *100% Global Satellite Coverage and Low Latency for Critical
         | Data and Voice Communications
         | 
         | 1. https://blogs.nasa.gov/earthexpeditions/wp-
         | content/uploads/s...
         | 
         | 2. https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/markets/market-specific-
         | solut...
         | 
         | 3.
         | https://www.thalesgroup.com/sites/default/files/database/doc...
         | 
         | 4.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridium_satellite_constellatio...
         | 
         | 5. https://seatech.systems/product/thales-vesselink-700-for-
         | iri...
        
           | moffkalast wrote:
           | Just stick a Starlink antenna on it, dummies. /s
        
             | ttul wrote:
             | Noting the satire marker, I'll just say for completeness:
             | Starlink consumes 100W continuously to operate its phased
             | array beam and the computation requires to drive it. That's
             | too much power for a sail drone.
        
               | C19is20 wrote:
               | I always thought /s was 'sarcastic'. And, oh so very
               | often, very not needed.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | amenghra wrote:
               | Just harvest the hurrican's windpower /s
        
               | LeifCarrotson wrote:
               | It's really not. Assuming your power source has the
               | required amperage, short, infrequent bursts are much more
               | effective than continuous operation. In embedded systems,
               | it's all about duty cycle, and by that metric, Starlink
               | blows the Thales modem out of the water.
               | 
               | The Thales VesseLink modem they used consumes 65W
               | nominal/120W maximum. It offers a connection speed of a
               | couple hundred kbps, so sending up a video file of a
               | fixed size will require it to be on for quite a while -
               | Assuming 200 kbps average, and a 360 MB video, that's 4
               | hours of uploading or 260 Watt-hours. Also, it's 12x9x2",
               | and weighs 7.5 lbs; this is a boat not a hobby
               | quadcopter. 260 Watt-hours is a lot; that's like 3 laptop
               | batteries, but that's still smaller than the modem
               | itself.
               | 
               | Starlink does consume 100W, but offers a connection speed
               | of about 200 Mbps. The 360 MB video upload could complete
               | in 14.4 seconds, which consumes 100 W * 14.4 seconds /
               | 3600 seconds/hour = 0.4 Watt-hours. It is significantly
               | larger, and it would probably have a harder time handling
               | rough seas (not to mention saltwater intrusion), but
               | that's a lot less power.
               | 
               | Whichever modem you're using, you'd want to turn it on
               | infrequently.
               | 
               | Edit: The Saildrone product brief is here:
               | 
               | https://assets.website-
               | files.com/5beaf972d32c0c1ce1fa1863/61...
               | 
               | It describes a 23' or 7m boat. The 33'/10m larger version
               | has 300W continuous sensor power/2kW peak available from
               | the solar panels, which appear to be of a comparable size
               | to those on the Saildrone.
        
               | max-ibel wrote:
               | This particular saildrone seems to be a larger model: 72'
               | long.
        
               | ttul wrote:
               | Oh, on second thought this boat is a beast. It has a 75
               | HP diesel engine in it, along with the solar panels. It
               | can surely crank out 100W continuously forever. Sadly,
               | Starlink is not for mobile use.
        
               | krasin wrote:
               | Starlink will be available for marine uses:
               | https://www.pcmag.com/news/spacex-preps-ruggedized-
               | starlink-...
               | 
               | It will be a life-changing event for maritime robotics,
               | assuming they don't get too greedy.
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | Jeez. When I work with Iridium I'm constrained to 300 byte
           | messages (for budgetary reasons).
        
             | walrus01 wrote:
             | This is using the next-generation Iridium network which is
             | capable and marketed for offshore maritime, for aviation
             | purposes, land mobile data, land based portable terminals
             | (where people would previously need an INMARSAT BGAN), etc.
             | 
             | It is still very costly on a dollars per MB of data
             | transferred basis.
        
             | krasin wrote:
             | Yes, me too. But Iridium recently (2017-2018) launched the
             | new constellation that they call Iridium NEXT which
             | supports L-Band and offers significantly more bandwidth.
             | So, it's now possible to get a 1GB plan for ~$1300/month
             | ([2]). This obvisouly means that one needs to use a
             | different modem. RockBLOCK modems are great but limited to
             | the Iridium "Classic" with these tight limits and insane
             | prices (~$1/KB).
             | 
             | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridium_satellite_constell
             | atio...
             | 
             | 2. https://www.satphonestore.com/tech-browsing/satellite-
             | intern...
        
             | JoeDaDude wrote:
             | Per this little video, the Thales Vessel link does some
             | 350kbs uplink and downlink.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OoVbH7gFrVY
        
           | claudiusd wrote:
           | I would bet that modem is using a phased antenna array [1]
           | (I'm guessing this is what "solid state, no moving parts"
           | means on the product page). With the right sensors (gyros,
           | etc), a solid-state system like that should be able to keep a
           | pretty tight lock on the satellite even in the roughest
           | conditions.
           | 
           | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phased_array
        
             | JoeDaDude wrote:
             | Look at the Terminal Equipment tab of this page linked
             | below. It shows the Cobham ( different manufacturer from
             | Thales) antenna for the same satellite service. It looks
             | like it is a set of six or so patch antennas. It's not
             | clear if it is switching between patches or combining the
             | signals to/from the patches. If the latter, it is indeed a
             | phased array. That seems likely because the other
             | manufacturer, Intellian, describes their antenna as a
             | 12-element phased array. I'm guessing the Thales also uses
             | a phased array.
             | 
             | https://www.otesat-maritel.com/article/2128/iridium-certus
        
           | mbesto wrote:
           | Damnit, this is why love HN.
        
           | walrus01 wrote:
           | It's great tech. Same next generation Iridium network is used
           | for offshore maritime, aviation, land mobile data, etc. Lots
           | of places where a traditional two way VSAT is much too large.
           | Its main market competition is the INMARSAT I-4 and I-5
           | series satellites and BGAN network.
           | 
           | The main problem with it is the very high dollars per
           | megabyte cost. If you're a billionaire or a nation state with
           | a $30 million Gulfstream jet and an Iridium terminal on it
           | you probably don't care. But it can be cost prohibitive for
           | any appreciable amount of data transfer from remote
           | scientific systems.
        
           | algo_trader wrote:
           | If someone comes along with a plan and budget for 10K drones
           | does the system have spare capacity ?!
        
             | barkingcat wrote:
             | at 8000 each for hardware, that's 80 Million, plus the data
             | plan charges for each line.
             | 
             | With that amount of money I'm sure the system would be able
             | to grow to accommodate (including sending up more
             | satellites) if only to make sure the money doesn't go to
             | another competitor.
        
       | zz865 wrote:
       | Its a cool project, but the footage isn't that great. Youtube has
       | a bunch of bigger storm & wave footage from ships.
        
       | clementmas wrote:
       | That reminded me of my team rowing across the Atlantic ocean but
       | watching the storm video again doesn't seem that impressive in
       | comparison: https://youtu.be/3barM5C7ecg?t=184
        
         | Ronson wrote:
         | Wow that is an amazing achievement, those waves are scary,
         | especially being so far from assistance in such a small boat.
         | Did you manage the whole journey without major issue?
        
         | pavel_lishin wrote:
         | That's incredible. I have so many questions!
        
         | nkozyra wrote:
         | Wow that looked amazing. How monotonous was it on a day to day
         | basis?
        
           | clementmas wrote:
           | You don't really think in terms of days but 2-hours shifts.
           | And some of them felt like they would never end, especially
           | in the dark at night
        
             | laylomo2 wrote:
             | I imagine there were no 8 hours of sleep for anyone during
             | that time. How did you train yourselves to operate at that
             | capacity with such little sleep?
        
             | finnh wrote:
             | That's excellent! I rowed in high school and college... but
             | this is very next level. I love seeing stuff like this,
             | thanks for posting the vid here!
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | I'm seriously impressed you pulled that off in something that
         | small. I know that people have done it in smaller boats but
         | rowing a vessel in waves many times the length of the ship must
         | present some pretty interesting challenges.
        
           | clementmas wrote:
           | Our 9m boat was surprisingly stable even in 6m waves. As long
           | as you don't rotate sideways the risk of capsizing is pretty
           | low
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Ah 9m, ok, that's bigger than it looked on the video. As
             | long as the boat is longer than the waves you are dealing
             | with you should be relatively stable.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | You are, still pretty scary at first. I tried our kayak
               | for the first time this summer at sea, maybe 1 m waves or
               | so. Boat is 5 odd meters, and at first it fleet _scary_ ,
               | was fun afterwards so! Quite a change after lakes, rivers
               | and maybe some wind at most. Being sideways, you have to
               | return at some point, was adventurous for a noon at sea
               | kayaking like myself!
        
       | WaitWaitWha wrote:
       | This is a travesty! I want names! Each one of these drones should
       | have a name!
       | 
       | If a cyclone can get her name, why not the drone that went
       | through the cyclone?!
       | 
       | Therefore Saildrone Explorer SD 1045 from here on is named _Tippy
       | McTipity_.
       | 
       | Cheers to Tippy! Well done.
       | 
       | (Pay attention Ms. Allen. The NOAA could use a good public naming
       | promo for any other drones that did cool stuff!)
        
       | wwalexander wrote:
       | Very cool, but obviously hard to tell scale. Does anyone with
       | more expertise have an idea of how large those swells/waves might
       | be?
       | 
       | Edit, after RTFA:
       | 
       | > SD1045 is battling 50 foot waves
        
       | krzcinski wrote:
       | It's incredible that such a small thing can sail in this
       | conditions.
        
         | guenthert wrote:
         | I'd think it's robust enough to withstand a couple turn overs.
         | Capsizes, my apologies, land rat here.
        
       | anuvrat1 wrote:
       | For sure movies have distorted my perception of danger these
       | waves are supposed to be deadly Tbh was expecting some sort of
       | mayhem
        
       | ebcase wrote:
       | If you're in the SF Bay Area and want to see these in-person,
       | Saildrone HQ is in Alameda:
       | 
       | https://www.google.com/maps/place/Saildrone/@37.7829877,-122...
       | 
       | (I don't think they have public tours, but I could be wrong)
       | 
       | Usually you can spot the drones in Seaplane Lagoon, and the water
       | nearby.
        
       | j10c wrote:
       | @dang, hey please reset word wraping in title, its causing word
       | break in most of the titles in mobile which reduces speed of
       | checking them quickly.
        
         | occams_chainsaw wrote:
         | are you speed reading?
        
           | DavidPeiffer wrote:
           | Regardless of reading style, it's pretty choppy to read
           | 
           | "Ocean drone captures video from inside a hurr icane"
        
           | j10c wrote:
           | I generally skip words to increase my speed. If anything
           | interesting is spotted, I dive deep into it. Its just a
           | learned habit by consistent reading of decade. though not as
           | fast as speed readers, It saves a lot of time.
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | Makes me remember of twister and an era when we had SGI.
        
       | wiz21c wrote:
       | In the article they say there are 50feet waves. But it's hard to
       | appreciate that on the video. Is there a way to better look at
       | these picture to get a better sense of the scale ?
        
         | thanatos519 wrote:
         | If you look closely there is a banana visible in the ocean for
         | a couple of seconds.
        
         | Disruptive_Dave wrote:
         | Highly recommend HBO's new mini series (documentary) about big
         | wave surfing [0]. Lots of heavy wave action in it and they
         | delve into the very unscientific manner in which surfers and
         | surfing orgs "measure" these monsters.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.hbo.com/100-foot-wave
        
         | bjarneh wrote:
         | I agree; it almost looks like some random _heavy sea footage_
         | from an exterior camera in that  "Deadliest catch" show.
        
         | Arnt wrote:
         | You don't really see much in real life either. I've been in 10m
         | waves, and didn't see much. The waves breaking over the entire
         | boat is something I remember very clearly, but not from seeing.
         | It just looked chaotic.
        
         | DrBazza wrote:
         | Well, the Draupner Wave brushed the under side of an oil rig,
         | if that helps. That was a rogue wave and they get a lot
         | _higher_.
         | 
         | There are also the opposite - rogue holes - the trough part of
         | a wave. Imagine being in a boat and dropping 100ft.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogue_wave
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Makes you wonder how many ships got lost before structural
           | integrity improved to the point where a ship would survive
           | that kind of impact.
        
             | eightails wrote:
             | There was an interesting article in Quanta a while back on
             | this topic.
             | 
             | > Researchers have since determined that rogue waves
             | probably claimed 22 supercarriers and more than 500 lives
             | in the second half of the 20th century alone.
             | 
             | https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-grand-unified-theory-
             | of-r...
        
         | christophilus wrote:
         | I was thinking, this would rock in 3D/VR.
        
         | AYBABTME wrote:
         | Wave height/sea state is notoriously difficult to present on
         | video in a way that renders justice. I think it's due to lack
         | of gimbal and probably focal length vs. field of view, and lack
         | of depth perception.
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | Thats why there's always debate how big a surfers wave was,
           | and then how do you measure from the front or the back?
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | Lack of horizon, lack of depth, lack of sense of motion, and
           | lack of anything to measure scale against, all make video
           | incapable of conveying true scale.
           | 
           | Though when you _can_ get those elements together, the result
           | is gut-clenching. What does it for me is Big Wave surfing at
           | Nazare. Camera 's on land, horizon is fixed, motion is clear,
           | and the ant on the face itself gives perspective. I almost
           | have the opposite problem, the image registers as synthetic
           | or manipulated, even when it isn't:
           | 
           | https://youtube.com/watch?v=pZTx0XBx4hk
        
       | LightG wrote:
       | Of course, absolutely impressive.
       | 
       | But the inside of the storm looks like some huge waves crashing
       | all around. Am I missing the lightbulb moment?
       | 
       | Maybe a potential pivot to sell Saildrone to storm-chasing,
       | surfer, adrenaline junkies. That'd be one helluva ride!
        
       | TedShiller wrote:
       | Neat. But what happens to this drone after the hurricane, or when
       | it stops phoning home due to UV damage, drained batteries, or
       | gunked up solar cells?
       | 
       | Does it just become another member of the Great Garbage Patch?
        
       | programmarchy wrote:
       | The video is cool, but seems like the real value is what the
       | sensors are picking up.
        
       | jcun4128 wrote:
       | These drones are so cool, saw them in a Bloomberg video. I hope
       | to get into that one day even just on my own in my creek/pond
       | (submarine type).
        
       | ralusek wrote:
       | Cool footage, but I find it very hard to believe that there has
       | never been footage from inside a hurricane. Is this constrained
       | by some strange definition of what it means to be "inside?"
        
         | GeorgeRichard wrote:
         | > the first video footage gathered by an uncrewed surface
         | vehicle (USV)
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | teekert wrote:
         | I was even a tad disappointed. I was expecting a sudden
         | clearing in the clouds, the sun serenely shining down, and the
         | sounds of distant angels singing before the little boat would
         | hit a dark storm-wall on the other side, entering the chaos
         | again.
         | 
         | Expectations really taint one's experience in matters like
         | these.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Yes, some movies depict the "eye" of the hurricane like that.
           | 
           | Wikipedia has this to say:
           | 
           | > Though the eye is by far the calmest part of the storm,
           | with no wind at the center and typically clear skies, on the
           | ocean it is possibly the most hazardous area. In the eyewall,
           | wind-driven waves all travel in the same direction. In the
           | center of the eye, however, the waves converge from all
           | directions, creating erratic crests that can build on each
           | other to become rogue waves. The maximum height of hurricane
           | waves is unknown, but measurements during Hurricane Ivan when
           | it was a Category 4 hurricane estimated that waves near the
           | eyewall exceeded 40 m (130 ft) from peak to trough.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_(cyclone)
        
       | andrew_ wrote:
       | Having been in 8 foot seas on a small craft, this video is
       | terrifying and astounding all in one.
        
       | 1cvmask wrote:
       | Carried out by NOAA which is part of the Department of Commerce:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospher...
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-10-01 23:01 UTC)