[HN Gopher] DMV approves Cruise and Waymo for commercial service...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       DMV approves Cruise and Waymo for commercial service in parts of
       Bay Area
        
       Author : ra7
       Score  : 398 points
       Date   : 2021-09-30 19:12 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.dmv.ca.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.dmv.ca.gov)
        
       | diebeforei485 wrote:
       | So, when can I hail a Cruise vehicle?
        
         | ehsankia wrote:
         | after 10PM apparently.
        
       | black_13 wrote:
       | Auto-de-fe : Zelazney https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto-da-
       | Fe_(short_story)
        
       | asdff wrote:
       | Who is liable when someone gets hit with a self driving car? It
       | was always a joke in college how the dream was to get hit by a
       | university bus and have your tuition paid off in a huge
       | settlement. I'd imagine if a waymo car made its way around the
       | more desperate parts of the bay area like the tenderloin and
       | liability ends up shifting to huge company with billions of
       | dollars, we might end up with a Russia sort of situation in terms
       | of rampant insurance fraud. Maybe waymo et al will just respond
       | by never servicing these areas, which will no doubt open an
       | entire can of worms in the press and among the most virtuous
       | online.
        
         | dumdumdumdum wrote:
         | > Who is liable when someone gets hit with a self driving car?
         | 
         | As is usually the case with the legal system, whoever has the
         | least amount of political/economic power. So either the safety
         | driver or the victim.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Elaine_Herzberg
        
         | 0_____0 wrote:
         | The cars themselves are studded with every kind of camera and
         | sensor you can imagine, it'd be pretty hard to pull of an
         | insurance scam
        
         | notatoad wrote:
         | >a russia sort of situation
         | 
         | in russia the rampant insurance fraud ended in everybody
         | getting dashcams to defend themselves. waymo and cruise have
         | _way_ more than just a dashcam - if you can successfully commit
         | insurance fraud while being recorded on a dozen cameras as well
         | as lidar and infrared sensors, you probably deserve the
         | settlement.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | Set a mark, people will aim for it.
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | Aim, sure.
             | 
             | That doesn't mean enough people will hit it to matter.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _Who is liable when someone gets hit with a self driving
         | car?_
         | 
         | Short answer: in the U.S., it will depend on the facts and
         | circumstances. Common law has many drawbacks. But organic
         | adaptability is one of its advantages.
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | I mean, any pedestrian fatality will have a full 360 lidar
         | recording of the context. I suspect fraudulent claims could be
         | caught pretty easily.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | How would you even discern fraud from the real thing? You
           | could just get drunk and act drunker then stumble onto the
           | road, you'd blow wet on the breathalyzer and the story is
           | plausible enough that a public jury will side with you, the
           | innocent guy on a night out or the guy down on his luck, over
           | scary robot car company, then a precedent will be set.
        
             | bialpio wrote:
             | Who is liable now if this happened with a human driver
             | involved? Aren't there any rules about it already?
        
             | belltaco wrote:
             | Isn't public intoxication against the law, as is
             | jaywalking? What happens if the exact same situation
             | happens today but to a normal car with a driver?
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Except where there is specific law that mentions the
               | violation of law and affects your fact pattern (e.g.
               | stand your ground laws that require someone to be
               | committing a crime for the law to apply to the self
               | defense case) violating the law at the time doesn't
               | really mean much when it comes to who pays up. The law is
               | between you and the state. Deciding who pays up is
               | between you and the other party.
               | 
               | You can't just stumble onto the highway where the normal
               | traffic flow is well in excess of the speed limit and
               | expect to get a payday because whoever hits you will be
               | speeding.
               | 
               | That said, most of this goes out the window if you are
               | committing a handful of crimes that society has decided
               | exempt you from most of the protections of the legal
               | system (terrorism, driving drunk, etc). If you are drunk
               | and someone jumps in front of your car to commit
               | insurance fraud it won't matter if you have 360deg 4k
               | video of it, you will likely lose.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > Who is liable when someone gets hit with a self driving car?
         | 
         | While this is not exclusive of other liability, probably one or
         | both of:
         | 
         | (1) The person hit, if they were breaking the law in a way
         | which made it unreasonable to expect a driver to avoid hitting
         | them,
         | 
         | (2) The manufacturer of the self-driving vehicle, under normal
         | defective product liability principles.
         | 
         | The owner and/or, where different, operator of the vehicle, as
         | well as other people in the chain of commerce may _also_ be
         | liable, especially when (2) applies.
        
       | amirhirsch wrote:
       | Can this be used to move cargo from place to place without people
       | in the car?
        
         | Vargohoat wrote:
         | Walmart already has a delivery pilot with an AV company (I
         | think in AZ?). I'm not sure if it's without safety drivers yet
         | though
        
       | somehnacct3757 wrote:
       | Given the hours of operation, I wonder what happens when your
       | self-driving car shows up with puke in the upholstery from a
       | previous rider
        
         | joe463369 wrote:
         | Open up your app. Hit 'Cancel ride', hit 'Unsanitary', wait for
         | the replacement taxi. Really, it's the same problem Amazon had
         | with delivering high value goods when people weren't in. If
         | something goes wrong, assume the customer is telling the truth
         | and try to make it right, but if they're at it, ban them from
         | your service.
        
         | bennyg wrote:
         | I'm sure they have a process for "car unsafe" arrivals.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | Ironic how by 'saving money' without the human driving the car,
         | they end up probably spending a mountain more on engineers
         | debugging this software constantly along with cleaning staff
         | and maintenance for the entire fleet, legal staff for
         | regulatory issues, and no doubt a huge insurance bill to pay.
         | Sunk cost is a strong fallacy to see past I guess.
        
           | bagels wrote:
           | One driver, one car. One engineer, thousands of cars?
        
           | cromka wrote:
           | I don't think you grasp the scale of this change. You think
           | that this "mountain of engineers" will equal to the
           | (eventual) number of taxi drivers displaced? WORLDWIDE?
           | 
           | Also, you think those engineers, capable of creating an
           | autonomous car, somehow will find it too difficult to install
           | liquid detectors all over the car and combine them with
           | cameras inside to would allow for instantaneous, remote
           | inspection of the car and imposing the penalties/taking the
           | car offline - all of which are possible with existing
           | technology?
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | All I'm saying is that when you look at other sectors with
             | low cost labor, smart money like mcdonalds had the tech
             | stack to replace their burger flippers with robots just
             | like the auto industry in the 1970s, so there's probably a
             | good reason why they still have human burger flippers
             | today.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Robots that can flip burgers are expensive. Robots that
               | can drive us around already exists and so affordable that
               | we see billions of them on the roads, they are called
               | cars. All the road robots need is a better steering
               | system, we don't need to invent tricky machinery. The
               | burger flipping robots however would need tons of
               | different new movable parts to be invented, mass produced
               | and shipped all over etc. That would be expensive.
        
         | TulliusCicero wrote:
         | You hit a button in the app and they send you a different car,
         | while the dirty one goes to a cleaning station.
         | 
         | Possibly they give you a small credit for the trouble, and
         | maybe ding the previous rider somehow.
        
           | somehnacct3757 wrote:
           | Not that I think this problem is unsolvable, but I do think
           | it's harder than you make it. And a problem only autonomous
           | (really, unchaperoned) cars have.
           | 
           | A car with a spill in it, bodily or otherwise, is probably
           | out of commission for the night. Depending on the type of
           | stain and time before treatment, it could take the car out of
           | the fleet for a few days. Eventually self-driving cars have
           | bus seats? idk.
           | 
           | No problem, we can make the rider accountable. We have
           | cameras in the car. First issue here is you can't trust users
           | alone to provide accountability. Say I put my leftovers on
           | the floor. You get in next and don't notice. The next rider
           | however complains of a strong fish smell in the car. The car
           | is taken out of service and your reputation is dinged since
           | you were the last person in the car.
           | 
           | That's no good, so we'll need humans to review video and find
           | culprits. Spinning up such a team will require software,
           | managers, and oversight. Being alone with your date in a
           | self-driving car is _exciting_ so you definitely don't want
           | your employees to freely copy or share private videos of
           | riders.
           | 
           | Like I said, this stuff is all solvable with centralized
           | teams, but it cuts into the profit fantasy a bit. And it
           | simply didn't exist when every car in your fleet came with a
           | chaperone incentivized to take care of your/their car.
        
             | TulliusCicero wrote:
             | I think you're overthinking it. Yes, those are issues, but
             | they're hardly blockers. Few rides will fuck up the
             | interior, and fewer still will have a dispute about who's
             | responsible for a mess. Compared to having one 'employee'
             | per car at all times, there's still plenty of economies of
             | scale to exploit for profit.
        
             | b9a2cab5 wrote:
             | You're way overcomplicating things. Uber already handles
             | this kind of stuff. Driver gets paid on the person who
             | threw up's dime ($50-200), driver is responsible for
             | cleaning it up. It'll just be a centralized maintenance hub
             | instead of the driver. You won't get dinged unless you
             | consistently get reported, because Waymo (like Uber) will
             | follow the Amazon model of customer-is-always-right.
             | 
             | These are all solved problems.
        
           | marmshallow wrote:
           | Sounds about right. No real difference from a human-driven
           | Uber
        
       | jamez1 wrote:
       | It is logical to assume self driving cars start off in low risk
       | areas, prove their concept, and gradually take on more and more
       | use cases. Things like retirement villages and so on, where this
       | incremental approach has already had success. Skepticism is easy
       | when thinking about the grand scale but this incrementalism will
       | surely win out in the end.
        
       | kvogt wrote:
       | Cruise founder here. This is kind of confusing. Short version:
       | 
       | - Cruise permit is for robo-taxi service, available to public
       | (fully driverless, nobody in the car)
       | 
       | - Waymo permit is for robo-taxi service, available to public
       | (human safety driver behind the wheel at all times)
       | 
       | - Nuro permit is for robo-delivery, available to public (no human
       | passengers)
        
         | notyourday wrote:
         | > Cruise founder here. This is kind of confusing. Short
         | version:
         | 
         | > - Cruise permit is for robo-taxi service, available to public
         | (fully driverless, nobody in the car)
         | 
         | We need to have fewer executives talking about their awesome
         | safe technology and more executives being forced to use their
         | awesome safe technology.
         | 
         | It is extremely unfortunate that as the condition of the permit
         | the DMV did not force dogfooding requiring that every executive
         | of a company applying for driverless robo-taxi permit and
         | executives' families, including their children, were mandated
         | to give up their drivers licenses and all other modes of
         | transportation ensuring that those executives and those
         | executives families are the constant test subjects of the
         | technology.
         | 
         | Same goes for the likes of Musk.
        
         | tryitnow wrote:
         | Thanks for the clarification, but is there any public resource
         | I can point people to in order to confirm the difference
         | between Cruise and Waymo permits?
         | 
         | I believe you, but skeptics won't be persuaded by "the founder
         | said so on HN".
        
           | ed wrote:
           | It's literally the post you're commenting on
        
         | ra7 wrote:
         | Congrats! Curious why Cruise got a permit to operate only
         | between 10 PM and 6 AM? Is it a DMV decision because you
         | applied for driverless operations or did Cruise specify
         | operating conditions?
        
           | booi wrote:
           | Easier to dispose of the bodies maybe
        
             | KorematsuFredt wrote:
             | This is not reddit or 9gag bro/sis/them/their/nb.
        
               | crakenzak wrote:
               | You must be fun at parties.
        
             | devoutsalsa wrote:
             | I wonder if we'll ever get to the point where robo drivers
             | will report suspiciously shaped carryon items (e.g. "CA-
             | SF-69420 reporting in. passenger spotted carrying human
             | shaped object wrapped in a tarp. bleep bloop."
        
           | Method-X wrote:
           | 10PM to 6AM sounds like a great time for testing a new
           | technology.
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | I'm not looking forward to the self-driving AI vs drunk
             | driver battle.
        
               | foepys wrote:
               | I on the other hand am looking for the drunk person
               | taking the robo-taxi instead of their own car situation.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | There's actually great synergy(sorry) between self-
               | driving AI and would-be drunk drivers. The only downside
               | may be the need for additional investment in cleaning
               | services.
        
               | oceanghost wrote:
               | I was wondering if it could be my job actually to go to a
               | bar, get intoxicated, and take a Cruise home.
        
             | ra7 wrote:
             | Definitely. But just wanted to know if this restriction is
             | self-imposed by Cruise to start cautious or if it's imposed
             | by the DMV.
        
         | aripickar wrote:
         | Is there a timeline for when you will be rolling out the
         | availability to ride in one of your vehicles to the general
         | public?
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | I'm rooting for you!
        
         | guiomie wrote:
         | will you not have a robo-taxi service with human safety driver
         | at first?
        
           | kvogt wrote:
           | We have been running one for employees on and off since 2017.
        
             | vntok wrote:
             | So is that a yes or no to parent's question?
        
               | arthurcolle wrote:
               | How could you interpret it anything other than a 'yes' ?
        
               | adriand wrote:
               | Actually, answering "yes" to that question would have
               | been extremely confusing given how the question is
               | worded! Which makes the snarky request for a binary
               | response even less reasonable.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | I take your point but it might not have been snarky - for
               | example, HN has a lot of non-native English speakers and
               | different languages handle affirmation-of-negation very
               | differently.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yes!_We_Have_No_Bananas
        
               | vntok wrote:
               | Running a program "for employees" is pretty different
               | than running it "for everyone"
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | Why the difference Cruise vs Waymo?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | itisit wrote:
         | Serious question: how much death are you budgeting for over the
         | next 18 months?
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | wow. just wow. in the words of Archer, "phrasing!!"
           | 
           | there's a way to ask a serious question to get a serious
           | answer, and then there's your way.
        
             | itisit wrote:
             | Yes, the direct way. I'm sure it's in the budget. Would
             | love to know the figure.
        
               | manquer wrote:
               | That is really for the insurance companies covering them.
               | 
               | The actuaries at Insurance Co do that kind of analysis
               | for all products for life/ medical to workplace/ product
               | safety this would probably fall under.
               | 
               | The courts also have fairly well known tables/methods for
               | calculating cost/value of life used to compute
               | compensation for injury/death.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | While I can appreciate that, let me rephrase my post:
               | 
               | There's a way of asking a question without being a total
               | dick, and then there's your way.
               | 
               | Being direct doesn't mean being an asshat. I have plenty
               | of experience of doing it the wrong way, and yes, I'm
               | suggesting yours is not the right way.
               | 
               | Edit: "I'm sure it's in the budget."
               | 
               | Actually, I'm guessing this would be covered in the
               | liability insurance. So it's probably a much smaller line
               | item in the budget than you are so dramatically inferring
               | it to be.
        
               | nexuist wrote:
               | It's a useless question anyways, because the company
               | gains nothing by "budgeting" for death, and loses
               | everything by settling on a real number. It's like asking
               | Boeing how many families they expect to send payouts to
               | in any given quarter. The only answer is zero, and any
               | answer above zero is itself negligent.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | It's not exactly useless, as it is a serious business
               | concern. However, asking it the way it has been phrased
               | is useless, as you've stated, stating from the start that
               | you are planning on paying out fees like this is just
               | dumb. It is good business planning to be aware of the
               | fact that it is a >0% chance of unintended bad things
               | happening, so let's take out an insurance policy to cover
               | for that contingency. There's a difference between
               | planning for the fact that an accident is possible vs
               | planning to cause an accident.
        
               | manquer wrote:
               | Exception events like are usually covered by Insurance.
               | 
               | However companies do provision for payouts in potential
               | cases whether private/ class action or government
               | regulatory ones , they are legally required to do so and
               | disclose it in their filings.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | Insurance means the maths and plans are worked out by
               | someone.
        
             | coding123 wrote:
             | You know back in CS class we had to go over the THERAC25
             | problem a lot. It wasn't so much about the specifics of the
             | incorrect code, but more about the hubris that it "couldn't
             | have been the code".
             | 
             | It seems like with self driving, it's like 45 companies
             | just started making clones of the THERAC25 where they "are
             | pretty sure it's fixed now, this is easy". It's the same
             | damn ego.
        
         | leesec wrote:
         | Tho no one is behind the wheel, do you still have people
         | operating the car remotely when there are issues?
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | 'No human passengers' -> except for those in all the other
         | vehicles on the road; for cruise it is 'and the passengers of
         | the vehicle'.
         | 
         | On a scale of 1 to 10, how confident are you that your service
         | won't kill someone?
        
           | paul7986 wrote:
           | He's trying to be one of the pioneers of robot cars ... does
           | he care how many people his robot cars are going to kill
           | (drivers of them to the innocent drivers driving alongside
           | them) in the name of progress? PUtting them on the road and
           | learning and improving the AI is the progress needed to
           | perfect them over Years, but its going to be deadly... unlike
           | creating and fixing bugs on a videogame live streaming site.
           | 
           | Maybe he does care, but how much?
           | 
           | This is not to be flippant (i appreciated and used Justin.TV
           | a ton back in the day..canceled Cable TV cause everything was
           | there for one to watch ... 24/7 marathons of your favorite
           | shows) but what I view of the harsh reality of putting these
           | things on the road as Uber's self driving car already killed
           | a pedestrian. Personally, I'm not sure I could in good
           | conscious work for a robot car company (just was being
           | recruited by such a company).
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | raldi wrote:
           | On a scale of 1 to 10, how confident are you that you'll
           | never kill someone while you're driving?
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Pretty good. With well in excess of a million km driven, a
             | valid driving license (something which no software product
             | so far has been able to achieve), zero alcohol, zero drugs
             | and no smartphone to distract me while driving. I see
             | driving as a 'full time occupation'. My vehicle(s) (and
             | that includes by bikes) are kept in tip-top condition, no
             | expense spared, I'm fully aware that it isn't just my life
             | that's on the line. I also have a standing order to my
             | eldest that he is to shred my driving license when I turn
             | 70 no matter how much I protest, and that's only 14 years
             | away.
             | 
             | I'm all for self driving cars and I believe they are the
             | future. I also believe they will be a decade or more in the
             | coming and that we need at least one more level-up before
             | AI sofware/hardware combos are solid enough that your
             | typical self-driving solution will outperform an
             | experienced driver.
        
               | raldi wrote:
               | Ah, then a fair question to ask might be how confident
               | Kyle is that there won't be an at-fault crash _in the
               | first million km driven._
               | 
               | (Or even better, what he predicts will be the distance
               | driven per serious at-fault crash.)
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Fair enough.
        
               | jensvdh wrote:
               | 70 isn't too old to drive.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Neither is 71, 72, 73, 74 and so on, and then one day you
               | really were too old to drive. In a country where driving
               | is a necessity there is no way around this so you get a
               | lot of people driving who really shouldn't be. To play it
               | safe I've set the limit at 70 for myself because I think
               | that if I don't put a hard line down I will always think
               | 'one more year'. This avoids the gray area entirely,
               | exactly because 70 isn't too old to drive.
        
               | bcrosby95 wrote:
               | I know a 62 year old that shouldn't drive. And I know a
               | 76 year old that is fine. It really depends upon the
               | person, but our dmv isn't fit to detect this.
        
               | katbyte wrote:
               | I know people in their 20s/30s who probably shouldn't
               | drive...
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | belltaco wrote:
           | Hope we apply the same metric to human drivers as well and
           | don't allow anyone on the roads till they prove they are
           | attentive 100% of the time and can maneuver like F1 drivers
           | at all times. Monitored cameras every 100 feet would be a
           | good start to find who's driving badly, and also a required
           | driver face camera that records to a blackbox like device
           | that cops can get the video from, and which the driver has no
           | control over.
           | 
           | >Fatalities from Crashes
           | 
           | >In 2016, over 33,000 traffic crashes resulting in
           | fatalities, major injuries or minor injuries were reported on
           | Bay Area roadways.
           | 
           | 10% of the crashes resulted in more than minor injuries, so
           | 3.3K serious crashes.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Yes to the being attentive, no they don't need to maneuver
             | like F1 drivers because they are not in a race.
             | 
             | Drivers in the USA are - sorry - absolutely terrible, the
             | driving license requirements are ridiculous.
        
               | enraged_camel wrote:
               | Your profile says you're in the Netherlands, which is a
               | completely different place.
               | 
               | You may know this already but here in the US, even though
               | driving is technically a "privilege", in reality it is a
               | requirement in most locales due to lack of consistent and
               | reliable alternatives. That's part of why getting a
               | drivers license is fairly easy.
               | 
               | It's also why your "I'll have my son shred my license
               | after I turn 70" wouldn't work unless you were living in
               | a place like NYC or Chicago, or were totally okay with
               | having little social life (dependent on your kids' and
               | friends' ability and willingness to drive you to places).
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Collectively you decide what kind of country you want to
               | create and individually you have the choice to move. FWIW
               | I spent years on the Canadian/USA border and have driven
               | there quite a bit.
        
               | Sargos wrote:
               | These autonomous cars do maneuver like F1 drivers so I
               | guess they are a big improvement already
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Only the same way a Boeing 777 is like a fighter jet.
               | 
               | F1 cars can break 7g's cornering where street legal cars
               | have trouble hitting 1/3 of that. They do 0-120 mph
               | faster than most cars can hit 0-60.
        
         | unityByFreedom wrote:
         | Is this because you specifically asked for a driverless permit?
         | From the post,
         | 
         | > Cruise has had state authority to test autonomous vehicles on
         | public roads with a safety driver since 2015 and authority to
         | test autonomous vehicles without a driver since October 2020.
         | 
         | > Waymo has had state authority to test autonomous vehicles on
         | public roads with a safety driver since 2014 and received a
         | driverless testing permit in October 2018.
        
           | kvogt wrote:
           | Yes. It's a very different permitting process. As you might
           | expect, the bar is very high to jump from driverless testing
           | to operating a driverless service available to the general
           | public.
           | 
           | More info at the DMV's website (although it's a lot to
           | digest): https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-
           | services/auto...
        
             | gitfan86 wrote:
             | What happens when the car runs into a problem that it
             | cannot address (Damage to car, blocked by obstacle in road)
             | Does the passenger call you, or are you monitoring the car
             | remotely for problems?
        
               | lanternfish wrote:
               | presumably all cars are persistently monitored 24/7
               | anyways.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | Feel free to repost this, but here's what happens in AZ
               | 
               | https://youtube.com/watch?v=zdKCQKBvH-A&feature=share
        
             | MichaelZuo wrote:
             | Are there any extra conditions for the company or for
             | riders? Like pre-vetting, or special responsibilities.
        
         | syntaxing wrote:
         | Super awesome seeing you on HN! As a previous Cruise employee,
         | genuinely happy for you and the team on this great milestone!
        
         | killion wrote:
         | Thanks for the clarification! For the Cruise rides will they be
         | booked through services like Lyft or the Cruise Anywhere app?
        
         | tialaramex wrote:
         | Two questions: 1. How do we see this detail about permits, such
         | as for example that Cruise are permitted to have "nobody in the
         | car" while Waymo are required to have "human safety driver
         | behind the wheel at all times") ?
         | 
         | 2. Where are Cruise's testimonials etc. for the presumably
         | successful San Francisco non-commercial testing of this "fully
         | driverless, nobody in the car" system you now have commercial
         | deployment for?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | 6gvONxR4sf7o wrote:
       | > The DMV has now approved three deployment permits.
       | 
       | Waymo, Cruise, and who?
        
         | tschwimmer wrote:
         | Seems like Nuro.[0]
         | 
         | [0]https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-
         | services/auto...
        
       | badkitty99 wrote:
       | Get these robot cars off the road, no thank you
        
       | inezk wrote:
       | "within designated parts of San Francisco" - as for Cruise, which
       | parts of San Francisco those are?
        
       | TrainedMonkey wrote:
       | > The California DMV said in a separate release that Cruise
       | driverless "vehicles are approved to operate on public roads
       | between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. at a maximum speed limit of 30 miles
       | per hour."
       | 
       | At night only testing at super low speed. It's a good way to get
       | started, but definitely not an autonomous taxi that title
       | implies.
        
         | grandmczeb wrote:
         | The speed limit for most residential and commercial streets in
         | SF is 25mph - something like 97% of all street segments in SF
         | have a limit of 30mph or lower.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | Yes but it means a Cruise would not be able to jump on 280
           | and take you to SFSU or whatever.
        
             | jonfromsf wrote:
             | Thats the easy part of self driving.
        
               | smilekzs wrote:
               | No it's not.
               | 
               | Source: actual ADV engineer
        
               | nimithryn wrote:
               | As an actual ADV engineer, do you think this is a
               | reasonable launch? What do you think the timeline
               | actually looks like for driverless and why?
        
             | jensvdh wrote:
             | I doubt a lot of passengers go to SF State at night
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | yes, no college student has ever needed to get back home
               | at night
        
               | manquer wrote:
               | Significant portion of them should not be legally driving
               | either, being Drunk/High etc.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Which is pretty much the business plan of self driving
               | car service. Provide a method for people that 100% should
               | not be driving a way of safely transporting themselves
               | home.
        
               | elzbardico wrote:
               | Well, there is also the option to hail a cab or a uber
               | driven by a not drinking now human
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | I think one interesting property about nighttime driving is
         | that lots of objects and markers are high contrast. Lights of
         | other cars, highway markings, what can be illuminated by
         | headlights/etc
         | 
         | (aside from folks crossing the street in non-reflective dark
         | clothing)
         | 
         | I think the worst time to drive - as a human - is right when
         | the sun is coming up or going down, or under tree cover when
         | you go into and out of shadow.
        
           | dreamcompiler wrote:
           | Some recognition tasks might be easier at night but I expect
           | that's not the reason permission was granted for those hours.
           | It's almost certainly because there's less other traffic (and
           | fewer pedestrians) at night.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nielsbot wrote:
           | Aren't they relying on LIDAR tho? Night/day all (roughly)
           | same.
        
             | cromka wrote:
             | I'd imagine they use both to improve accuracy.
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | > I think the worst time to drive - as a human - is right
           | when the sun is coming up or going down, or under tree cover
           | when you go into and out of shadow.
           | 
           | Fatal accidents do indeed spike around these times, although
           | they seem to be worse in the evenings than mornings, and more
           | pronounced in southern states than northern ones.
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | 30MPH isn't super low speeds, it's plenty fast for collisions
         | to be dangerous.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | For reference, a fall from about 30ft would take about 1.4
           | seconds and you'd reach a velocity of 30mph.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | This is a disengenous comparison.
             | 
             | The overwhelming majority of people who fall from 30ft do
             | not attempt to decelerate in the last second or so.
             | 
             | People who text their way into stopped traffic
             | notwithstanding, 30mph is the kind of collision speed you
             | see on roads where traffic moves low highway speeds. Edge
             | cases notwithstanding (i.e. someone barreling through a red
             | or whatever) collisions on roads where traffic moves 30-40
             | typically happen at speeds 10-20mph below that because
             | people generally brake but too late to prevent a crash.
        
             | benatkin wrote:
             | Changes quite a bit with getting sideswiped while walking
             | around the roadway, my #1 fear as a pedestrian. Looked up
             | some statistics and this is more common than getting hit
             | while crossing the street. Two more things to figure out
             | though:
             | 
             | - How often is an accident while _walking along the
             | roadway_ getting sideswiped, instead of just a full-on
             | crash
             | 
             | - The equivalent of being run over by a car doesn't happen
             | when falling 30 feet. I wonder how much this accounts for
             | getting hurt as a pedestrian.
             | 
             | This is just what I thought of, it is also a threat to
             | cars, but that would be offset more by the velocity of the
             | car that got hit than it would be by the velocity of a
             | pedestrian. (For example, a car that is going 25mph and
             | gets rear-ended by a car going 30mph)
             | 
             | Also there is often hitting the brakes before collision. So
             | it will be slower sometimes.
        
               | silisili wrote:
               | Do these cars have billboards or indicators of some kind?
               | If not, they really should. In my town I wait for cars to
               | stop before crossing, and make eye contact or get a
               | friendly wave to let me know they see me.
               | 
               | If a driverless car just stops, I don't feel comfortable
               | walking in front of it if there's no indication that it
               | sees me.
               | 
               | How could that be solved?
        
               | smilekzs wrote:
               | Drive.AI, before they went defunkt, had LED billboards
               | not unlike what you described. It was a gimmick that
               | didn't take off in the rest of the industry due to the
               | universal presence of a safety driver.
        
               | ummonk wrote:
               | Are you referring to walking on the sidewalk or on the
               | street?
        
               | benatkin wrote:
               | The street when there isn't a sidewalk, the sidewalk when
               | there is one. There are a lot of places without
               | sidewalks.
        
               | mavhc wrote:
               | Well, there's your problem, places built for cars, not
               | humans, should fix that
        
             | NegativeLatency wrote:
             | That's a pretty great way to visualize the energy involved
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | For car-pedestrian, car-bicycle, and car-motorbike
           | collisions, yes.
           | 
           | For car-car collisions, not really. Yes, getting into a head-
           | on 30-30 MPH collision is pretty bad, but you're more than
           | likely going to walk away from it, especially if you're in
           | the back seat.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | google234123 wrote:
             | "Pitt et al. (1990) examined about 1,000 urban crashes with
             | pedestrians younger than 20 years of age taken from NHTSA's
             | Pedestrian Injury Causation Study (PICS) data. They found
             | that, compared to crashes with vehicle travel speeds of 10
             | - 19 mph, the risk of serious injury (or death) was 2.1 for
             | speeds of 20 - 29 mph, 7.2 for speeds of 30 - 39 mph, and
             | 30.7 for speeds of 40 mph or more."
             | 
             | https://one.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/research/pub/hs809012.h
             | t...
        
               | mym1990 wrote:
               | Have been a statistic in all of these buckets, can
               | confirm that hitting things at faster speeds causes more
               | injuries heh
        
               | appletrotter wrote:
               | Really not sure how valid this 30 year old study is
               | anymore!
        
               | bagels wrote:
               | I think that is a good point, as materials and pedestrian
               | safety features of cars have changed. Seems unlikely the
               | relationship between speed and severity would change too
               | though.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Reporting would change too. People don't report crashes
               | where there's no damage other than a hood and some grill
               | plastic (such a crash may have broken a hip back in "the
               | day"). This is even more true now that cars with nonzero
               | amounts of pedestrian safety features have made it to the
               | bottom of the market where people don't have the luxury
               | of being able to mindlessly report everything to
               | insurance and the guy who got hit and has only a minor
               | injury looks at the situation and doesn't see a potential
               | payday.
        
               | zerocrates wrote:
               | Presumably from the title it's about a car hitting a
               | pedestrian... I doubt there's been much significant
               | innovation in that kind of safety since the 90s.
               | 
               | Features to prevent/alert to collisions, sure, but I'd
               | assume this is about hitting someone when going X speed;
               | surely that's pretty similar now and then.
        
               | darwinwhy wrote:
               | In fact it's probably gotten worse with the growth in
               | size of US cars. Larger cars kill pedestrians and
               | cyclists at higher rates.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Braking distances have gotten much better as tires and
               | ABS have improved. A kid darts out from between two cars
               | and people hit them at speeds much lower than they used
               | to.
               | 
               | On the other hand the height and shape of the average car
               | has changed to make them less pedestrian friendly.... but
               | any one of these vehicles also sold in Europe includes a
               | bunch of measures to lessen damage to pedestrians.
               | 
               | So I feel very comfortable saying a study from the 90s is
               | not relevant because too much has changed on both sides
               | of the equation.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | There were active changes to cars to reduce pedestrian
               | harm. The most visible is probably the ban of pop up
               | headlamps.
               | 
               | Not taking a position on the study. Just felt like
               | sharing.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | I actually bounced off a car with modern safety maybe 10
               | years ago or so, trashed a good jacket but I wasn't even
               | shaken enough to bother getting looked over at an Urgent
               | Care, I continued walking to lunch. Not a high speed
               | collision of course, it was a quiet inner city street and
               | I looked the wrong way (one way street, I looked where
               | cars should be if it was a two way street, oops), but I
               | suspect a 1970s car would have been markedly worse for a
               | pedestrian.
               | 
               | One key trick other than the pop-up headlamps going away,
               | was a gap between the bodywork and harder internal
               | surfaces. As I understand it that goes something like
               | this:
               | 
               | Think about a large steel panel such as a car bonnet
               | (hood?), obviously it's no comfort blanket, smacking into
               | that isn't a good idea, but it will bend and absorb lots
               | of energy during impact. Now, think about an engine
               | block, that's not going to bend at all. In a desire to
               | give a more stream-lined look, older cars would mount
               | that large panel almost touching the engine block and
               | other large stiff elements, because why not. Well, dead
               | pedestrians is why not. If you add a gap that gap absorbs
               | lots of energy that otherwise is going to cause injuries
               | to a pedestrian. I can't prove it, but I credit that for
               | the difference between walking away with a damaged jacket
               | and spending the rest of my working day in A&E being told
               | I'm not dying so can't cut to the front of the queue, but
               | I'm also not OK and so mustn't leave yet.
        
               | zerocrates wrote:
               | Crumple zones (or their British English equivalent if
               | there is one) are a definite change from "classic"
               | designs but my feeling is they were mostly in place by
               | the 90s... but I could be misremembering.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Crumple zone for pedestrians (i.e. those big bulbous
               | plastic front bodyworks that every modern car and
               | crossover has) are new, like mid-00s new.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | A pedestrian will never actually get into the "hard
               | parts" of a car even on an old car. But the "soft"
               | internal bodywork that holds the radiator, headlights and
               | front sheet-metal are more than enough to cause bad
               | injuries.
               | 
               | You're exactly correct that all that empty plastic in the
               | top front of modern cars and crossovers is there to
               | protect pedestrians (hood designs have been revised to
               | facilitate this as well).
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | There are also changes that increase pedestrian harm,
               | like the arms race in the height of front ends of SUVs[1]
               | and trucks.
               | 
               | Recent trends in vehicle purchases also increase
               | pedestrian harm, as the popularity of sedans has waned in
               | favor of SUVs and trucks. These days 72% of vehicle sales
               | are for SUVs and trucks[2], and the trend is expected to
               | continue into the future.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.codot.gov/safety/traffic-safety-
               | pulse/2019/march...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/21/business/suv-
               | sales-best-s...
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Saying "72% of vehicle sales are trucks and SUVs" in the
               | context of pedestrian safety is highly disingenuous when
               | a huge slice of that is crossovers that are mostly sold
               | globally and conform to European requirements for
               | pedestrian safety.
               | 
               | Hitting one's head on the windshield is/was the source of
               | a lot of the pedestrian injury and fatalities and modern
               | safety requirements try and prevent this outcome.
               | 
               | Would you rather get hit by a'21 CRV or a '95 LeBaron?
               | CRV seems like the obvious choice.
               | 
               | Of course there's a lot more big trucks to hit you on the
               | roads in 2021 but improvements in pretty much every
               | smaller class of vehicle do a lot to balance that out.
               | 
               | Looking at the data I don't see any clear trend that
               | pedestrians are at more risk today than in the past.
               | 
               | https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/motor-vehicle/road-
               | users/pedestr...
        
             | akira2501 wrote:
             | 1/6 of fatal accidents are vehicle vs. pedestrian. I don't
             | have great data on motorcycles, but speed and or alcohol
             | are the most common factors in those accidents as opposed
             | to other vehicles.
        
         | KorematsuFredt wrote:
         | If it is San Fransisco city than 30 MPH is not bad at all. I do
         | not imagine other cars driving > 40mph.
        
         | spike021 wrote:
         | People have been crushed and killed just when their stopped car
         | starts moving because it wasn't parked in gear or with their
         | parking brake engaged.
         | 
         | Speed being "slow" or "fast" here is unrelated.
        
           | stooliepidgin wrote:
           | Anton Yelchin
        
             | spike021 wrote:
             | Exactly who I was thinking of as a well-known example.
        
           | toufka wrote:
           | Of course speed is related to safety. See page 2 for the
           | actual data:
           | 
           | https://www.littlerock.gov/media/2484/the-relation-
           | between-s...
        
             | spike021 wrote:
             | My point, however, was that the parent poster didn't seem
             | to think so.
        
       | sfblah wrote:
       | I signed up for the waitlist to use this in San Francisco. Anyone
       | here work at Waymo and know when/if I might get approved? I'm
       | curious to try it out.
        
       | stooliepidgin wrote:
       | Driverless cars with passengers operating on the streets with
       | pedestrians, insane taxi drivers, and the prototypical BMW cell-
       | phone-shouting suit with a buzz-cut who just drive around
       | everyone like they're not there. How could this possibly go
       | wrong?
        
       | zabzonk wrote:
       | How mad would you have to be to get into one of these?
        
         | raldi wrote:
         | This is what people once said about elevators, airplanes,
         | bicycles...
         | 
         | How mad would you have to be to keep riding in human-driven
         | taxis after the data shows AVs to be safer?
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | Honestly for the early ones those people were right.
        
             | raldi wrote:
             | If, after a year of testing, autonomous taxis prove to be
             | exactly half as dangerous as human-driven taxis, would you
             | ride in one?
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | That would depend on the rigor of the testing being done
               | and where this thing is taking me
        
               | raldi wrote:
               | Let's say, for the type of journey you need to do (e.g.,
               | traveling within a city at <= 30 mph in clear daytime
               | weather), the AVs in question have provided over 100
               | passenger-years of service, and across that dataset, at-
               | fault crashes are half that of human-driven cars at every
               | level of severity (fender-bender, injury crash,
               | fatality...)
               | 
               | At that point, would you choose to ride in one, or a
               | human-driven taxi?
        
               | zabzonk wrote:
               | Do you feel unsafe riding in a human driven taxi? If not
               | (I don't), why would you want to ride in a machine driven
               | one? I simply do not understand the HN desire for sitting
               | in machine driven cars, which have already demonstrated
               | far, far poorer safety than human driven ones.
               | 
               | Computers are good at some digital things. They are not
               | good at others.
        
               | raldi wrote:
               | I feel unsafe any time cars are involved, whether I'm
               | outside, a passenger, or driving. Cars are much more
               | dangerous than a lot of things people worry about. I'm
               | very happy to see computers making them much safer.
               | 
               |  _> machine driven cars, which have already demonstrated
               | far, far poorer safety than human driven ones_
               | 
               | Citation needed.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | It depends on the context of the test once again. Is this
               | thing trying to get onto a major artery road in LA? Hell
               | no. 30mph would feel very dangerous when the other
               | drivers are flying around weaving at 50-60mph. The thing
               | would be cut off so much the average speed with the
               | automatic braking every time someone cuts it off would
               | probably be less than me walking on the adjacent
               | sidewalk. Bus drivers in LA have to be aggressive and
               | honk and muscle their way back into the lane for a cars
               | to actually let them back in, sticking their bus out
               | literally threatening cars to it it. I've seen them
               | outright cuss drivers out plenty of times too.
               | 
               | Freeway in LA in a self driving car? Absolutely not. Full
               | stop. I've seen more variables play out on a given day
               | than any training model can possibly consider with good
               | support. If someone says they have good support with
               | their model for an LA freeway I will laugh in their face.
               | The freeway is chaos. You have people with scrap piled 12
               | feet over their pickup truck doing 40mph in the middle
               | lane, people with BMWs and a cell phone in one hand doing
               | 100 splitting lanes with no signals, outright debris on
               | the road (my roomate hit a log in the middle of the 101
               | that took out another dozen or so cars one morning, how
               | did a huge log even end up there?), not to mention
               | construction conditions and less than stellar road
               | markings during that making lane identification no small
               | task for a self driving system.
               | 
               | On a little loop through something like a zoo, sprawling
               | corporate campus, or as a vehicle to get me from my
               | parked car to the front of the venue, absolutely I'll hop
               | right into a self driving car. On the road with the
               | current state of the road in my city? I'll let someone
               | else take the literal hit today.
        
               | raldi wrote:
               | Self-driving cars without a safety driver haven't been
               | approved to operate in LA yet, nor on Bay Area freeways,
               | nor anywhere that the speed limit is above 30mph; I think
               | it's clear they won't get their approval to drive in such
               | conditions until they've proven their ability to do so
               | safely and without disrupting the traffic around them.
               | 
               | What we're discussing right now is riding in one on Bay
               | Area streets where they're already proven their safe and
               | orderly track record.
        
             | zabzonk wrote:
             | > airplanes
             | 
             | Have pilots.
             | 
             | > bicycles
             | 
             | You steer them.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | And the early airplanes were canvas over wooden sticks,
               | and the early bikes made you fall over if you leaned a
               | little bit funny. I'll let other people break their
               | bodies on the penny farthings of the day, I'll wait for
               | the safety bicycle to come along and not miss out on much
               | in the mean time I expect.
        
         | asdfasgasdgasdg wrote:
         | At 30mph max in the back seat with the belt on? Not that mad I
         | reckon.
        
           | zabzonk wrote:
           | As opposed to having one with a human driver?
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _As opposed to having one with a human driver?_
             | 
             | Given some of my recent Uber drivers in the Bay Area, I
             | reckon a blender would be a safer ride.
        
             | asdfasgasdgasdg wrote:
             | I dunno? I guess I'd have to look at the statistics. My
             | sense is that the Waymo vehicles at least are statistically
             | safer than a human driver at these speeds, although not as
             | competent. (I.e. they are less likely to cause an accident,
             | but more likely to encounter a situation they can't handle
             | and get stuck.)
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | I'd love to see these vehicles handle situations where
               | pedestrians or debris are all over the road. Like in
               | front of a busy bar, construction area, or homeless camp.
               | To the best of my knowledge the environments they've been
               | test driving in have been pretty controlled and orderly
               | and they still manage to find people to run over.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | You're wrong twice over: Waymo and Cruise have been
               | testing in SF for a long time, and so far neither has run
               | anybody over.
               | 
               | Uber ran someone over, it turns out they were shockingly
               | incompetent, and thankfully they don't have an AV program
               | anymore.
        
               | EchoAce wrote:
               | Wait, I see them everywhere in SF and in completely
               | random places too...
        
         | TulliusCicero wrote:
         | They're already successfully deployed in a subset of the
         | Phoenix metro area, so not very mad, probably.
        
       | georgehotz wrote:
       | Full disclosure, I founded a somewhat competing company in the
       | space, comma.ai
       | 
       | Why is this progress? Evaluating progress in self driving cars is
       | extremely complex. Why do people trust that the California
       | government is able to do so?
       | 
       | A milestone is a working product with many user videos on
       | YouTube. This is a press release from the California DMV.
        
         | machinelearning wrote:
         | This isn't technical progress but is regulatory progress.
         | 
         | Technical progress is the current limiting factor so I agree
         | that it is more important to emphasize right now.
         | 
         | On the other hand, I disagree that user videos on YouTube is a
         | sign of progress. 1. There is an obvious selection bias as only
         | a minority of people with access to the software actually
         | upload videos. 2. The videos are qualitative in nature and it
         | is not feasible for a single human to go through all of them
         | and form an objective opinion on the state of the art. So it's
         | prone to confirmation bias too.
         | 
         | I'd argue that there isn't a common yardstick of technical
         | progress for game theoretic reasons but I'd love to see one.
        
         | ehsankia wrote:
         | > A milestone is a working product with many user videos on
         | YouTube
         | 
         | So Waymo then?
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=waymo
        
         | AlotOfReading wrote:
         | Seems like it might be a bit difficult to have user videos on
         | YouTube if you can't legally have users. Getting the permits
         | issued is a good first step.
        
           | georgehotz wrote:
           | Tesla has tons of videos on YouTube from users showcasing
           | similar technology, including in San Francisco.
           | 
           | While FSD beta may still have issues, I see no reason to
           | believe that this doesn't also have similar issues.
        
             | AlotOfReading wrote:
             | I wasn't aware that Tesla was operating commercial
             | autonomous rideshare in SF. Can you link something? I've
             | seen the FSD beta, but that's neither "L4" (whatever you
             | think of the SAE levels) nor commercial. This announcement
             | is specifically about safety drivers and commercial
             | operation, because both Cruise and Waymo have been
             | operating non-commercial fleets with safety drivers for
             | awhile now.
        
               | gitfan86 wrote:
               | Tesla is currently in beta everywhere, not just SF. Tesla
               | is taking the path of improving the technology with
               | driver monitoring, rather than focusing on getting a
               | single city to label them as 'L4'
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | Tesla FSD can't operate without a driver and isn't doing
               | commercial rideshare, so it's not relevant in this
               | discussion of a permit to operate a _driverless
               | commercial fleet in SF_.
        
               | gitfan86 wrote:
               | George brought it up in the thread and you responded to
               | him. Tesla and Comma.AI are building the exact same
               | technology. Are you saying that we shouldn't discuss
               | these other companies until they have a permit for SF
               | driving?
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | George asked why this announcement of the first permit to
               | operate a driverless, commercial fleet is progress,
               | citing Tesla. Unless Tesla has a commercial, driverless
               | fleet somewhere, I'm not sure I understand the objection
               | here. Having the permits to do those things in SF is
               | literally the progress.
        
               | gitfan86 wrote:
               | There isn't an objection. There is a question. Can the
               | public see videos of this? If not, why not?
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | Waymo has been doing commercial driverless ops in
               | Chandler for 4-5 years now, so you can absolutely see
               | videos of that. You just can't see it in SF because
               | _until this announcement_ no one has had the permit to do
               | it commercially, Tesla included.
        
               | gitfan86 wrote:
               | There must have been some sort of testing period and
               | approval process that involved showing the cars are safe?
               | Why can't you see that until after this official
               | announcement?
        
             | ahahahahah wrote:
             | That's like saying the old motorola razr and an iphone 6
             | are similar technology. While true, it's hiding a huge
             | difference in that "similar".
        
             | throwawaysdcman wrote:
             | I'm sure there are still issues, but I'd bet they're
             | dramatically more rare than what we see with the FSD beta.
        
               | gitfan86 wrote:
               | Why would you think that? If they have much better
               | technology, that they are deploying on public roads, why
               | wouldn't they let the public know with easily accessible
               | proof?
        
               | jowday wrote:
               | https://youtu.be/sliYTyRpRB8
               | 
               | Obviously this is cherry picked, but you don't think a
               | car equipped with LIDAR, imaging radar, more cameras,
               | more compute, and temporally dense HD maps that has
               | focused on the same area for its entire existence would
               | perform better than a Tesla?
        
               | BluSyn wrote:
               | I would expect a strictly mapped system would perform
               | significantly worse in an area like SF, where roads and
               | obstacles frequently change. Human drivers are not rigid,
               | they are adaptable, so building rigid AV systems is
               | doomed to fail outside perfect conditions.
        
               | throwawaysdcman wrote:
               | They're not rigid - they use the map and fall back to
               | onboard system when it's not accurate. That happens
               | plenty of times in the video I linked.
        
         | rubicon33 wrote:
         | It's not technical progress, but it's progress nonetheless.
         | There are significant legal / legislative barriers to get
         | through aren't there? This would, at least in my mind, be
         | progress on that front...
        
           | georgehotz wrote:
           | Once software capable of driving at a superhuman level (say
           | 10x the average) exists, the regulatory side will be trivial.
           | What regulator wouldn't want to save 30,000 lives?
           | 
           | Sadly, that software is still a ways away. Don't fall for the
           | trap believing that self driving is at all a regulatory
           | problem. It is only a software one.
        
             | rubicon33 wrote:
             | Interesting. I was under the impression that self driving
             | cars are not THAT far away from being a thing. Sounds like
             | it's further than I am thinking.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | yazaddaruvala wrote:
             | The disconnect seems to be your mental model of self-
             | driving cars might be biased by your current focus. The way
             | I feel most people see it, self-driving cars means three
             | things:
             | 
             | 1. As a developer, the hardware and software to accomplish
             | it.
             | 
             | 2. As a rider, the improved UX (i.e. safe, comfortable, and
             | fast).
             | 
             | 3. As a current-driver, taking over the liability.
             | 
             | Based on the Comma 3 launch event, it seems clear that you
             | and Comma.ai are hyper-focused on 1 and 2, but have no plan
             | for 3 anytime soon. I think this is the big disconnect:
             | Cruise and Waymo are focused on 1, 3, and 2 (in that
             | order). DMV approval is entirely in the bucket of
             | 'transferring liability', and this announcement is progress
             | on that front.
             | 
             | The chicken and egg problem of 'publicly facing data driven
             | technical viability to then get transfer of liability' and
             | 'transfer of liability to then get data at scale' is a
             | fundamental problem of self-driving. Comma.ai and Tesla are
             | tackling this problem with 100% 'publicly facing data
             | driven technical viability' and 0% 'transfer of liability'.
             | Then one day Comma.ai and Tesla may also try to tackle the
             | 'transfer of liability'. However, why limit the
             | competition? Cruise and Waymo want to start with 'transfer
             | of liability'. Its useful work that needs to eventually be
             | done. Might as well have some companies start early.
             | 
             | Hopefully even if Cruise and/or Waymo mess up, the DMV will
             | use those learnings to improve their validation strategies
             | for future players looking to transfer liability (i.e.
             | Comma.ai and Tesla when they choose to be ready).
        
         | Forge36 wrote:
         | It's a regulatory hurdle. Having passed it field tests and
         | product viability can continue
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | I really respect your skills as a hacker but it is actually
         | quite scary that you would not understand that DMV issuing
         | these permits is actually a strong sign of progress, and that
         | 'user videos on YouTube' would somehow be the yardstick by
         | which you believe we should measure such progress.
         | 
         | Does the same hold for the FAA? The FDA?
        
           | georgehotz wrote:
           | It depends what your opinions of those agencies are, and if
           | you believe they have technical competence or not. After the
           | 737 MAX fiasco, I've begun to seriously doubt it.
           | 
           | "you would not understand that DMV issuing these permits is
           | actually a strong sign of progress" explain to me why you
           | believe this. Videos on YouTube convince me something is real
           | and exists. A government press release convinces me that some
           | process was followed, but perhaps one having nothing to do
           | with the solution to the problem.
           | 
           | Self driving is almost entirely a software problem. Testing
           | that software is equally as complex. Do you believe the CA
           | DMV has an army of good software engineers? Data scientists?
           | If not, how did they evaluate it?
        
             | waterhouse wrote:
             | I don't think it's necessary to believe that the DMV's
             | evaluation means anything about the quality of self-driving
             | (and I don't think it means much).
             | 
             | The fact that they're _permitting_ it means it will be
             | happening in practice, which will generate lots of data
             | points, which (a) will help the companies improve their
             | software and (b) assuming it 's not a disaster, will get
             | people used to seeing self-driving cars that really work,
             | which (from a practical-politics perspective) will make it
             | much easier to get permission from other regional
             | governments, and to expand the permits.
        
             | throwawaysdcman wrote:
             | Assuming your argument is that all you need is cameras, at
             | what point does it become entirely a software problem? Once
             | you have cameras that cover a sufficient FoV around the
             | car? Or can pivot so that they can, like human eyes? How do
             | you know that the cameras you have meet that requirement?
             | 
             | Even then, I'm not sure how you can say its always just a
             | software problem when no one has accomplished it yet.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Agreed that the 737 MAX did not help, but this is _also_ a
             | failure of all of the other regulatory agencies the world
             | over that rubber stamped the FAA approval instead of doing
             | their own. It certainly looks as though this served as a
             | wake up call - it should! - and that a re-occurrence is
             | relatively unlikely in the near future (until everybody
             | becomes complacent again).
             | 
             | Self driving may be a software problem, but that does not
             | necessarily mean that we have the means to make that
             | software a reality today. Given that fact that we know that
             | intelligent beings make plenty of errors and that they are
             | _much_ smarter than your average self driving system, the
             | enormous range of conditions and inputs and the relatively
             | limited amount of computing power that can be thrown at
             | this problem I highly doubt that it is a  'mere matter of
             | software engineering' at this point, taking into account
             | the state of the art.
             | 
             | Agreed that testing it is super complex, in fact, I think
             | that testing is the key: without a fully representative
             | test equivalent to a driving test none of this software
             | should be on the street. That's what we agreed upon: pass
             | the driving test and you are allowed to drive. American
             | driving tests are ridiculously simple, so it should be easy
             | to pass such a test and yet that hasn't even been made a
             | mandatory requirement for certifying a self driving
             | solution. Until then I don't think any of this stuff should
             | be on public roads.
             | 
             | I don't think the CA DMV needs an army of sofware engineers
             | or data scientists, they are first and foremost a
             | regulatory body that can hire external experts to give them
             | guidance, and I suspect that they genuinely believe that
             | self driving systems from these manufacturers are now solid
             | enough to be given wider latitude during this experimental
             | phase. I personally disagree with the decision, but I _do_
             | think it is progress, that a regulatory body would dare to
             | attach their name to such a decision rather than to play it
             | safe, this is a clear shift in perception. Time will tell
             | whether or not it was the right decision, if it turns out
             | it wasn 't there will be a bigger set-back than this was a
             | step forward.
        
           | kjksf wrote:
           | The difference between FAA/FDA and DMV is that they have
           | subject experts whose jobs is to test and evaluate the
           | technology.
           | 
           | DMV consists of bureaucrats that seemingly just rubber stamp
           | the permits hoping for the best.
           | 
           | In that context, people actually using the technology,
           | testing and evaluating its performance are like FAA/FDA and
           | not DMV.
        
             | dheera wrote:
             | I mean, if you just look at the offices the DMV works out
             | of, they look like jails. Classic white painted brick (wtf,
             | who paints brick except for jails) and no windows.
             | 
             | You can't expect the people working there to not be driven
             | to insanity.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Subject experts can be hired, and I am assuming there are
             | close contacts between DMV and the likes of NHTSA.
             | 
             | https://www.nhtsa.gov/technology-innovation/automated-
             | vehicl...
        
           | gitfan86 wrote:
           | I'm nobody and I have huge respect for both of you. I do
           | think some transparency would be nice in regards to how they
           | made the decision and with how much data.
           | 
           | The shortcomings of Comma.AI and Tesla FSD are very clear due
           | to YouTube. If Cruise has a much safer system, that is great,
           | I would just like to see more data.
        
       | young_unixer wrote:
       | For reference: 30 mph [?] 48.2 km/h
        
       | mike_d wrote:
       | "In order to receive a deployment permit, manufacturers must [...
       | Develop] a Law Enforcement Interaction Plan that provides
       | information to law enforcement and other first responders on how
       | to interact with the autonomous vehicles."
       | 
       | So they get to write the rules on how law enforcement interacts
       | with their vehicles? Can I do that too?
        
         | slownews45 wrote:
         | Yes - you may be able to.
         | 
         | This involves automatically pulling over and stopping the
         | vehicle when a cop is behind the car and flashes their lights.
         | The vehicle will also roll down its windows so the cops can
         | access the interior of the vehicle and have easy access to
         | passengers.
         | 
         | This also links in rider support automatically to communicate
         | directly to law enforcement / rider support can also provide
         | various commands to vehicle then.
         | 
         | They can also open a door, which triggers a an autonomos
         | driving cutout. They can also contact these folks directly to
         | gain access (ie, remote unlock etc).
         | 
         | To retrofit your vehicle so that law enforcement has this type
         | of direct access may take some effort, but I doubt you'd have
         | much objection - there currently is a real issue with drive
         | offs and law enforcements ability to respond to those under
         | vehicle chase rules. If you can set up your vehicle to override
         | your drive-off efforts that will probably be welcomed,
         | especially if it pulls over, stops, can unlock doors to provide
         | LEO access to your person etc.
         | 
         | Separately, rider support can give permission for a vehicle
         | search as the owner of the vehicle, so you'd want to register
         | vehicle with a service that would give consent automatically
         | and then provide instructions on where to find registration and
         | insurance in vehicle. Waymo I beleive does it on the visors.
         | 
         | I'm not sure you fully grasp the implications of Law
         | Enforcement Interaction Protocol efforts. In the future, the
         | car may be able to drive you to a "safe" location for a car
         | search and your arrest.
        
           | mike_d wrote:
           | Which should be codified into law based on police
           | requirements with an eye as to what is legal.
           | 
           | Police procedures should not be developed by way of an
           | agreement between the state and a private company, who is in
           | a position to error on the side of cooperation because they
           | need a license. It is similar to the state granting a
           | locksmith a license to practice under the condition that law
           | enforcement be provided with copies to every key just in case
           | they need them.
           | 
           | There are some serious Fourth Amendment considerations when
           | traveling in a vehicle for hire without a driver. Is a Waymo
           | closer to a private automobile with implied consent, or is it
           | similar to a bus where you can deny consent to a search? Is
           | the provider (or virtual driver) in a position to consent to
           | a search of your property? Is the virtual assistant that
           | opened the doors and consented to a search now in a position
           | to be charged with transporting narcotics for distrubtion?
           | Who's license gets dinged if the passenger has no seatbelt?
        
             | slownews45 wrote:
             | The current setup is that Waymo owns and operates the
             | vehicles, and they have protocols to cooperate pretty
             | extensively with law enforcement.
             | 
             | In other words, they WILL stop the vehicle, roll down the
             | windows, unlock the doors etc for law enforcement, give
             | permissions out for a search etc.
             | 
             | There is a separate question (unrelated to Waymo) around if
             | that is enough for example for LEO to search the vehicle.
             | My guess is the resolution will be that like a taxi, LEO
             | can search the vehicle and waymo will build that implied
             | consent into terms of service if needed. Hopefully patting
             | down an individual will still require consent or cause or
             | similar.
             | 
             | The OP seemed to imagine that these services are going to
             | be some sort of lawless area, and they are not, they are
             | going to track and record the start / finish / stops of all
             | your trips, record you in the vehicle, record the space
             | around the vehicle and will cooperate with LEO.
        
         | bpodgursky wrote:
         | Do you really think this is helpful (much less a charitable)
         | interpretation?
         | 
         | This is asking the manufacturers for a user manual, like how to
         | disable auto-piloting etc.
        
           | mindslight wrote:
           | At a time when it seems that police are unwilling to
           | interface with regular human drivers, to the point they
           | suggest that drivers need to preemptively place both their
           | hands on the wheel so officers don't become spooked, it's
           | reasonable to ask why companies get to specify deliberate
           | procedures. As in, why isn't the attack first and ask
           | questions later standard good enough for them too?
        
             | wutbrodo wrote:
             | > to the point they suggest that drivers need to place both
             | their hands on the wheel so officers don't become spooked,
             | it's reasonable to ask why companies get deliberate
             | procedures.
             | 
             | I don't understand. Isn't "place both hands on the wheel,
             | show me your license", etc precisely a "deliberate
             | procedure"? It sounds like your complaint is that police
             | are too procedural instead of engaging on a human level,
             | but then you complain that theyre not _more_ procedural
             | with humans?
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | I'm talking about who is setting the procedures, not
               | simply their existence.
               | 
               | With autonomous vehicles, they're asking how to interface
               | with them politely. Like if they signal one to stop and
               | it's not stopping, here is a phone number to call where
               | someone can gracefully shut it down. As opposed to just
               | deploying spike strips or ramming as is their default.
               | 
               | Whereas human drivers don't get the luxury of specifying
               | any such protocols. And rather than reform their own
               | procedures, police are attempting to compensate by
               | creating protocols drivers are supposed to know and
               | follow before an officer is even at the car.
               | 
               | As a motorist I'd love to be able to choose a protocol
               | that police would follow when pulling me over. For
               | example, call this phone number first rather than just
               | walking up to me and risking yourself getting spooked and
               | me getting killed.
        
               | slownews45 wrote:
               | The protocols waymo and others are and will be offering
               | will prevent passengers from trying to drive off. They
               | will stop vehicle, unlock it and roll down the windows
               | for the cops etc. They will also record outside and in
               | some cases inside of vehicle.
               | 
               | Again, I think you could write a similar protocol. Pull
               | over, roll down windows to allow cops easy access and
               | visibility to your person, and unlock all the doors so
               | they can open them. Maybe do a dash cam plus interior cam
               | to get cops the footage they need that way?
               | 
               | Waymo also will automatically connect to a ride support
               | operator who can do things like give permission for a
               | vehicle search if needed. Not sure how you could copy
               | that, maybe vehicle owners could put a sticker on their
               | cars so regardless of what passenger wants the vehicle
               | can be searched at any time?
        
         | modeless wrote:
         | Information, not rules.
        
       | hardwaregeek wrote:
       | Has there been any attempts to make hybrid autonomous train-cars?
       | Like some sort of enclosed road/track highway or a caravan? Seems
       | like a more safe goal versus the chaos that is urban
       | environments.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | Electric trolleys existed in many cities in the past.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | There are already automatic subway systems. You could make BRT
         | autonomous pretty easily too since it runs on its own separated
         | grade in a fixed route. You could throw down some sensors in
         | the road surface and call it a day like the technology used in
         | the new disneyland star wars ride.
        
         | apendleton wrote:
         | As another responder said, lots of subways are autonomous, but
         | if you're thinking of a car- _sized_ thing on a train guideway,
         | these have been proposed but only a small number of actually
         | been built:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit
        
           | hardwaregeek wrote:
           | Subways are good (not that automated in New York due to union
           | pressure) but a lot of american cities are not designed
           | around mass transit but unfortunately highways. I could see
           | some system where cars drive onto a highway then get put into
           | a caravan or special lane that automates the driving until
           | their exit
        
       | daveslash wrote:
       | This is off topic _BUT DAT FONT SIZE!!!_ ~ I had to double and
       | triple check my zoom settings in my browser. I 'm used to
       | everything from the CA DMV being boring and mundane like Ben
       | Stein. After poking around, I realize that's just the font size
       | for DMV New Releases.... but wow... caught me off guard. Low
       | quality comment, down-vote if you must; I've said what I came
       | here to say.
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | The point release says they have issued three permits. Which is
       | the third?
        
         | czr wrote:
         | nuro https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-
         | services/auto...
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | Thanks. I see them driving around the neighborhood but
           | haven't noticed anyone in the back seat, driver only.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | Nuro has little self-driving delivery vehicles. But someone
           | has to come out to them and take the stuff out, so they're
           | not all that useful.
        
             | darkwizard42 wrote:
             | Hm. Not sure I would say that... there really isn't a one-
             | size fits all unloading mechanism across trucking/delivery
             | and there will be a human involved in that process till we
             | really really standardized.
             | 
             | The value is now cutting the labor number by 1/3rd. Need a
             | loader and unloader, no more driver. In food delivery this
             | essentially removes your labor cost since the restaurant
             | and consumer are the loader/unloader.
        
       | philovivero wrote:
       | Zero comments?
       | 
       | When the robotic overlords take over, it will not be to
       | thunderous applause nor loud protestations, but rather quietly
       | beneath the surface silence of billions of people distracted by
       | something more interesting or enticing.
        
         | reidjs wrote:
         | It's self driving cars, not autonomous governments. Considering
         | how distracted and impaired the average driver is, this might
         | be a godsend.
        
         | Falling3 wrote:
         | You think no comments within 20 minutes of posting is enough to
         | make that kind of claim over?
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | > Verifying the technology is capable of detecting and responding
       | to roadway situations in compliance with the California Vehicle
       | Code, and a description of how the vehicle meets the definition
       | of an SAE Level 3, 4 or 5 autonomous technology.
       | 
       | How does the company prove this? Are there detailed criteria
       | listed somewhere that these companies should then prove to meet?
       | AFAIK, its all self reported. I mean, if the company is confident
       | it can do it, I guess it's a good thing, but is it enough?
        
       | m0zg wrote:
       | I wonder what (if anything) they're going to do with the fact
       | that these cars carry $200K in additional equipment (maybe more),
       | which will be immediately sawed off and broken into by SF's
       | extensive homeless population. BayArea seems like the one of the
       | worst places in the US to leave expensive stuff unattended like
       | this.
        
       | sykseh wrote:
       | Johnnycab: Hello I'm Johnnycab, where can I take you tonight?
       | Doug Quaid: Drive, drive! Johnnycab: Would you please repeat the
       | destination? Doug Quaid: Anywhere, just go, GO! Doug Quaid: SHIT,
       | SHIT!!! Doug Quaid: SHIT, SHIT! Johnnycab: Im not familiar with
       | that address, would you please repeat the destination?
        
         | tlb wrote:
         | Having to verbally specify your destination address was always
         | a lousy UX. Uber's UX where you enter it in an app is much
         | better and allows using your address book, upcoming calendar
         | entry, or searching by name.
        
       | obilgic wrote:
       | > https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1442706542839701510
       | 
       | And Tesla is rolling out FSD beta to cars based on drivers'
       | safety score.
        
         | esturk wrote:
         | Marketplace actually had a segment this morning on this and why
         | it's misleading. https://www.marketplace.org/shows/marketplace-
         | tech/teslas-fu...
        
         | adfrhgeaq5hy wrote:
         | Have you watched the footage of the current "beta"? It's a
         | scam. It runs into stationary objects. It drives into oncoming
         | traffic. It runs red lights, makes illegal turns, drives
         | straight toward other cars, and can't stay on the road. And
         | that's footage _recorded and edited by Tesla 's biggest fans_.
         | 
         | "Full Self Driving" does not exist. Every indication is that it
         | never will.
         | 
         | I still can't believe no one's gone to prison over this.
         | Tesla's "self driving" features are probably the biggest fraud
         | in history with a body count to match.
        
           | dzader wrote:
           | lol
        
           | machinelearning wrote:
           | People don't fully appreciate how different driving in
           | multiple locations/conditions is to a neural network.
           | 
           | Since most drivers only operate in certain fixed conditions
           | often (e.g. driving to work or along certain routes during
           | the day/night), people are going to get vastly different
           | experiences of the same software.
           | 
           | This is why you get some people claiming FSD beta is a fraud
           | and others claiming that it works well with 0 disengagements
           | 99% of the time.
           | 
           | I think their tech is probably a LOT better than what you're
           | making it out to be but no where close to living up to its
           | promise of full self driving.
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | I wouldn't say it's a 'scam' exactly, but 'actually an alpha
           | labeled as beta' is probably accurate.
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | People are terrible at driving. Releasing a half baked
           | product to get data needed to improve it makes complete sense
           | and deserves to be encouraged, even if people die. Because it
           | the end it's likely that many lives will be saved.
        
             | adfrhgeaq5hy wrote:
             | You don't get to smash a 4,000 pound explosive into a
             | preschool because you want to gather data.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | If that data saves more lives it seems like a positive to
               | me.
        
               | adfrhgeaq5hy wrote:
               | If you ever find yourself in a position of power, please
               | write these thoughts down. The prosecutor will find them
               | helpful.
               | 
               | We aren't dealing with hypothetical scenarios here. We
               | are dealing with a real company that is really killing
               | people in cold blood. People do not have the right to
               | kill others because they guesstimate it's worth it. On
               | planet Earth, not planet PH101, that's called murder.
               | 
               | And that's being charitable. I don't believe for a second
               | that Tesla's victims are sacrifices for the greater good.
               | Tesla's technology is a dead end and the motivation is
               | pumping the stock price.
        
         | gibolt wrote:
         | The difference is scalability. Tesla can manufacture full
         | equipped vehicles faster and for much cheaper. There are also
         | already 1.5mil vehicles that could be turned on. They do not
         | rely on HD maps.
         | 
         | Even if they arrive 1-2 years later than Waymo/Cruise, they can
         | quickly dominate the driverless market.
        
           | wutbrodo wrote:
           | > Even if they arrive 1-2 years later than Waymo/Cruise
           | 
           | It's tough to anchor Tesla's arrival based on the rest of the
           | industry's progress. Cruise and Waymo are heavily dependent
           | on Lidar; Tesla is solving a fairly different technological
           | problem.
        
           | ra7 wrote:
           | > Tesla can manufacture full equipped vehicles faster and for
           | much cheaper. There are also already 1.5mil vehicles that
           | could be turned on.
           | 
           | This sounds like premature optimization. The real unsolved
           | problem here is autonomous technology (software and
           | hardware), not manufacturing equipped vehicles. No point
           | having millions of vehicles if your self driving technology
           | doesn't actually work.
           | 
           | > They do not rely on HD maps.
           | 
           | Precisely why FSD doesn't work and is still level 2. The AV
           | players have shown fully autonomous driving needs HD maps and
           | (inconspicuously) the only one not to graduate out of level 2
           | self driving is the one that's not using HD maps -- Tesla.
           | Creating/maintaining HD maps isn't nearly as hard as you
           | think it is, but the benefits are incredible for safe
           | driving.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | serioussecurity wrote:
           | Tesla is 5 years behind and has no plans to begin work on a
           | number of the key challenges they're facing.
        
         | cheeze wrote:
         | What does this mean? Hasn't Tesla been selling FSD beta for
         | like 5 years now?
         | 
         | I don't really trust anything Elon says anymore. I feel like
         | he's not followed through on commitments about FSD far too many
         | times. I'd personally never buy a TSLA until they get things
         | much more in order (build quality/fit and finish, and actually
         | deliver FSD)
        
           | jsight wrote:
           | This version is much more advanced than their previous
           | versions, but I generally agree with you. Its nowhere close
           | to being able to get you through most drives without
           | assistance.
        
           | dcow wrote:
           | For the vast majority of people Tesla's vehicles are a
           | practical, real, available, easy, modern, electric, car
           | experience that are _a near drop in replacement_ for ICE
           | vehicles because you can road trip with them. There are zero
           | competing offerings _available today_ that have the range of
           | a Tesla and an extensive associated integrated hi-amperage
           | charging network. The only gripe is that FSD hasn 't been
           | delivered on the projected timelines (and may never be). I
           | suspect you wouldn't buy a Tesla based on moonshot FSD claims
           | anyway, so what's holding you back? The Elon hate train?
        
             | rsj_hn wrote:
             | The reason why "the vast majority of people" are not
             | considering purchasing an electric vehicle have to do with
             | uncertainty about the charging experience and long term
             | maintenance and repair costs. It has nothing to do with
             | FSD.
             | 
             | Once the costs of ownership are well understood, that
             | uncertainly will be resolved and the cars can be priced
             | correctly. That will take time -- if I buy a 10 year old
             | corolla with 100K miles I will know (after the usual
             | mechanic inspection) what my expected maintenance costs
             | will be, on average, for the next 5 years of ownership.
             | 
             | You can't really say that for an out-of-warantee Tesla
             | because there isn't a large group of independent mechanics
             | that can service it and because there is a lot of
             | uncertainty about the battery life and service costs. Over
             | time, if Teslas remain popular, and if the company doesn't
             | DRM them out of existence, such networks will develop and
             | we will accumulate actuarial data on repair costs that will
             | reduce risk.
             | 
             | Until then, this market will remain primarily one of price
             | insensitive or risk-insensitive customers -- e.g. wealthier
             | people and possibly government or other large corporate
             | fleet sales. That is exactly what you would expect for new
             | technologies. But for most people, a car is a major
             | proportion of their networth, one they need to get to work,
             | and so they are going to be risk averse (which is exactly
             | what they should be).
             | 
             | My next car will most likely be a 10 year old Lexus or
             | Acura product. Even if it's a different manufacturer it
             | will be an ICE vehicle and not an electric vehicle.
             | Purchasing an out of warranty Tesla isn't remotely close to
             | a viable option as it's not possible for me to price it.
             | But used car prices drive new car prices because most
             | purchasers are not planning on driving the car until it has
             | zero value, they are counting on the used car market to pay
             | for half of their car purchasing costs. Really for new
             | technologies, Tesla should focus on leasing their cars if
             | they want to reach out beyond the price insensitive market.
        
               | dcow wrote:
               | I'm suggesting that people _are_ buying Teslas. I
               | honestly can 't go on a 5-10 min drive these days without
               | seeing one or two (more and more every week it seems
               | like) and I don't live in some particularly affluent
               | upper-middle-class area. Buying them just makes sense to
               | a lot of people for various reasons. Most aren't worried
               | about FSD and the track record so far for Tesla total
               | cost of ownership seems to lean in Tesla's favor. The
               | motor in a Tesla literally has one moving part... they
               | don't need regular maintenance like an ICE engine with
               | lubricants and sparkers and belts and fluids and
               | transmissions. Even the brakes don't wear the same way
               | because induction is breaking the car 99% of the time.
               | The only big question for me is when does the battery
               | lose so much charge that it affects the range quality of
               | life and if that were to happen does the price of
               | replacing it make sense (I am generally pretty optimistic
               | that battery prices will have dropped in 8 years) or does
               | it become a shorter range around town car (kept or sold
               | as such) and we get a new one with fresh range. Even at
               | half the range it's still directly competitive with all
               | other EVs out there today, so that's a thing too.
        
               | rsj_hn wrote:
               | What percent of car owners drive Teslas? There are ~300
               | million vehicles on the roads in the US. Pre chip
               | shortage, ~17 million new cars sold each year. Of those,
               | electric vehicles are what, 2% of the new car market and
               | ~0.6% of the total market (used car market is twice as
               | large as the new car market)? That is not "the vast
               | majority of people".
               | 
               | Where I live I see FJ cruisers, Porsches, and Bentleys
               | every day, but I understand that my area is not typical.
               | It's a wealthy area in which offroading is very popular.
               | I also see Teslas and BMWs (more Mercedes than BMW and
               | more BMW than Tesla).
               | 
               | I also understand that those cars tend to be more
               | memorable, so it's foolish to pretend that FJ Cruisers,
               | Porsches, or Bentleys are suitable for _the vast majority
               | of the public_ just because they seem suitable for many
               | people in _my area_. In the same way, perhaps you should
               | recalibrate your expectations as well when extrapolating
               | based on what you see in _your_ area.
               | 
               | Now what prevents a Porsche or Bentley from being
               | suitable is that these are for niche performance or price
               | insensitive markets. But what prevents something like the
               | Tesla from being suitable is the charging network and
               | repairability uncertainty. With a Bentley, you know you
               | will pay through the nose for repairs which is why
               | Bentleys depreciate so massively. But with Toyotas you
               | know their reputation for durability, which is why used
               | FJ Cruisers cost more than used Bentleys. But how much
               | should a used Tesla go for? I honestly don't know -- and
               | neither does anyone else right now. Unless you have a lot
               | of money to play around with, that's too much of a risk.
               | You don't spend 15-20% of your household net worth on
               | something that you can't price.
        
               | dcow wrote:
               | > You don't spend ... that you can't price.
               | 
               | I think you're massively overthinking things. Most people
               | look at the Model 3, see it costs the same as a Toyota
               | Camry, want to help the environment and have Spotify in
               | their car, skip the dealership, go to tesla.com, see dirt
               | cheap financing available, and make the purchase. If they
               | don't it's because they're not comfortable giving up
               | their gas car yet because that's what they know. Not
               | because they can't "price it". Further in the current
               | market Teslas depreciate noticeably _less_ than ICE
               | vehicles _because_ they don't need maintenance.
               | 
               | You may not be able to price a Tesla, and that's fine,
               | but don't get some impression that just because you can't
               | that other's cant and moreover that it's the sole factor
               | contributing to why they allegedly don't buy. Where I
               | live nobody is "pricing" their $65k Truck, they just want
               | a big fucking truck 30% of their household net worth be
               | damned! You're full of FUD.
               | 
               | Lastly looking at overall population numbers is kinda
               | silly. We're not going to wake up and everyone has
               | replaced their perfectly fine car with a tesla. If you
               | look at market share _growth_ Tesla shot up in 2017 with
               | the Model 3. And it wasn't just a balloon, their growth
               | has continued. They sold 500k cars last year, a little
               | less than half of their previous total up to that year.
               | Again: _people are buying Tesla and more people by
               | percentage are buying every year_. A Tesla was a rarity 5
               | years ago but that's no longer the case. The fact that we
               | can observe this with only 1.5MM Teslas on the road is
               | pretty cool.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | The "safety score" is a really really creepy thing. Not only
         | that they are using it for this, but that they're collecting
         | this data in the first place.
        
           | brianwawok wrote:
           | Uh, they only collect if you literally approve it on a full
           | page popup that explains what the safety score is and how
           | data is shared.
           | 
           | Just to clarify your position, you want to hand over beta car
           | driving software to people that do not first pass a test for
           | safe driving?
        
             | basisword wrote:
             | Nobody can drive a car without passing a test demonstrating
             | they can drive safely. If passing the government approved
             | driving test doesn't make someone good enough to use your
             | software it probably shouldn't be allowed on the road.
        
             | FireBeyond wrote:
             | > Uh, they only collect if you literally approve it on a
             | full page popup that explains what the safety score is and
             | how data is shared.
             | 
             | I don't think that's accurate. Tesla collects a whole host
             | of telemetry on all of their drivers. "Shadow Autopilot",
             | etc., etc.
             | 
             | They show zero hesitation in releasing that telemetry to
             | the media, or elsewhere, if there's the slightest hint it
             | will put you under scrutiny rather than them. Even
             | misleadingly so - witness a fatal accident where Tesla said
             | "the driver was not paying attention - the vehicle had
             | warned him about taking his hands off the steering wheel",
             | neglecting the ever so slight detail that it had warned
             | him, once, and that warning occurred a quarter hour before
             | the crash.
             | 
             | Tesla collect all this data constantly, not just for entry
             | into the FSD beta program.
        
         | EastOfTruth wrote:
         | Tesla is getting some real competition
        
           | brianwawok wrote:
           | You can buy the Waymo software as a consumer, and put it in
           | your own car right now?
        
             | EastOfTruth wrote:
             | no but I can't do that with Tesla software either .... I
             | can with comma.ai though....
        
             | adfrhgeaq5hy wrote:
             | I'll sell you a self-driving car. Please be advised that it
             | will drive into walls, fail to brake for stationary
             | obstacles, drive straight off the road, and is in fact a
             | Saturn with a brick on the gas pedal. I didn't say it was a
             | _good_ self-driving car.
             | 
             | Tesla doesn't have competition because they aren't in the
             | game at all. They do not make self-driving cars and
             | probably never will.
        
             | EastOfTruth wrote:
             | eventually, you won't have to buy a car... there will be
             | self-driving cars everywhere waiting for you to hop on.
        
             | marmshallow wrote:
             | Tesla's business model (and stock valuation) is based on
             | launching a robotaxi service. I'd say that this news
             | introduces more competition for the robotaxi aspect, not
             | the selling you a car aspect.
        
       | modeless wrote:
       | Huh, Cruise got a permit for "between 10 PM and 6 AM" up to 30
       | MPH, while Waymo got no time limit and 65 MPH. Presumably
       | Cruise's permit is actually for the 6 AM to 10 PM time period and
       | not the 10 PM to 6 AM one!
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | Why presumably? 10PM-6AM is a much easier time to drive around.
         | And it's not like they'd be going for daylight hours the other
         | way.
        
           | modeless wrote:
           | Well, because this is a permit for commercial service, not
           | testing. They already have a testing permit. A commercial
           | service that only operates in the middle of the night would
           | not be very successful.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | A commercial service in the middle of the night would be a
             | great complement to scheduled public transit which tapers
             | off in the evening.
        
               | modeless wrote:
               | Public transit tapers off because demand drops off. There
               | will be a spike around closing time for bars but it seems
               | unlikely that you'd want to launch a whole commercial
               | service just based on that.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Presumably, they want to launch a commercial service to
               | get some real-world data and a foot in the door; the
               | intent is to expand both time and geography.
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | > Public transit tapers off because demand drops off.
               | There will be a spike around closing time for bars but it
               | seems unlikely that you'd want to launch a whole
               | commercial service just based on that.
               | 
               | Public transit is also based on an order of magnitude
               | larger transport. You're talking about buses that are
               | made to move 50-100 people or trains made to move
               | hundreds... not a car that will be moving 1-3. The reason
               | many routes get cut down isn't because there's no demand
               | at all - it's because the demand is below the threshold
               | to run the service profitably. If you can cut down on the
               | cost to run the service by cutting the driver out, making
               | the vehicle cheaper to run the route, and so forth... the
               | route will come back.
               | 
               | I think this service will do fine. This is one the issues
               | that SF has in a large part. Very hard to get around at
               | night because public transit is dead before midnight.
        
               | simfree wrote:
               | Busses rarely run at a profit, if your metro service is
               | very lucky user fares cover half the cost of bus service
               | (lookup farebox recovery ratio), hence some US bus
               | systems going fare free since it makes a minimal
               | difference financially.
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | > Busses rarely run at a profit
               | 
               | Semantics. Profit, net zero, sustainable with tax
               | dollars, etc.
               | 
               | Doesn't matter. You get the idea dude. It's about routes
               | not being worthwhile because the damn transport option is
               | too costly for just a few people. Autonomous car is gonna
               | be more effective for these scenarios.
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | Sure, but they still care about cost and utility.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Rather than profitability, perhaps the right metric is
               | utilization.
               | 
               | Even if you don't care about the revenue, having only a
               | handful of people on the bus per run in the evening makes
               | it hard to justify the cost of operating the line. Having
               | other options to get home is great.
        
               | Vargohoat wrote:
               | > it seems unlikely that you'd want to launch a whole
               | commercial service just based on that.
               | 
               | You're thinking about this the wrong way. There's immense
               | value in getting _any_ commercial service out there, not
               | just in PR but in a full end-to-end test of all the
               | ops/logistical/product/etc that come from having to deal
               | with customers in reality. A good chunk of a decade and
               | billions of dollars have been poured into the research
               | behind these services. I doubt anyone at Cruise or Waymo
               | cares or even expects these limited services to be
               | profitable, but that's entirely missing the point.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | > great compliment
               | 
               | Great complement. Otherwise your comment becomes very
               | confusing :-)
        
             | Vargohoat wrote:
             | > A commercial service that only operates in the middle of
             | the night would not be very successful.
             | 
             | I doubt they're going straight for the meatiest market. A
             | commercial service of any sort would be a huge coup for a
             | self-driving car co (as the Tempe launch was for Waymo). In
             | SF's case, it also provides a foothold in a market that's
             | actually economically sustainable. Once the technology
             | reaches the point where more complex and crowded scenes can
             | be handled safely, expanding is relatively trivial compared
             | to spinning up from scratch.
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | I see where you're coming from. Although it could still be
             | a type of scale-up testing or congestion control. What
             | would be the point of not permitting overnight service
             | though?
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | throwaway0a5e wrote:
         | I suspect it's just a reflection of what they applied for.
        
         | bberenberg wrote:
         | Waymo has a safety driver, Cruise does not.
        
           | bagels wrote:
           | They have recently been operating without one.
        
             | flappysolutions wrote:
             | They've been operating without safety drivers in Phoenix,
             | but not in SF. AFAIK, every Waymo car in SF has had a
             | safety driver in it. Cruise has been testing driverless
             | rides the past few months in that timeframe/speed limit.
        
           | modeless wrote:
           | This release does not indicate a requirement for Waymo to
           | have a safety driver. I don't think there is such a
           | requirement.
        
             | modeless wrote:
             | Too late to edit, but I was wrong, it seems that Waymo did
             | not request a permit for cars without safety drivers.
        
         | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
         | Why does night seem less likely? I'd expect many of the sensors
         | work equally well or better (no sun interference) at night, and
         | there will be a lot fewer other cars to crash into/cause a
         | traffic jam when the car shuts down and has to be recovered.
        
           | ehsankia wrote:
           | The fact that the speed limit is much lower I think backs up
           | that Cruise's permit is actually less permissive, and is most
           | likely for at-night only.
           | 
           | Waymo has had driver-free cars in Phoenix for over a year, so
           | it would be strange for Cruise (who doesn't have a driver-
           | free robo-taxi service already) to get a more permissive
           | permit than Waymo.
        
       | colpabar wrote:
       | > _Cruise in March submitted the applications for driverless
       | operations, whereas Waymo in January applied for autonomous
       | vehicle deployment with safety drivers behind the wheel._
       | 
       | Wow, driverless actually means no driver here. But how does that
       | work? What if it makes a mistake? Is there some fallback pilot
       | somewhere that can take over and control it remotely?
        
         | tacomonstrous wrote:
         | According to the DMV press release (submitted elsewhere on HN),
         | this is incorrect:
         | 
         | >Waymo is authorized to use a fleet of light-duty autonomous
         | vehicles for commercial services within parts of San Francisco
         | and San Mateo counties. The vehicles are approved to operate on
         | public roads with a speed limit of no more than 65 mph and can
         | also operate in rain and light fog. Waymo has had state
         | authority to test autonomous vehicles on public roads with a
         | safety driver since 2014 and received a driverless testing
         | permit in October 2018.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | icyfox wrote:
         | Waymo has a similar approach in Phoenix. Passengers can't
         | directly intervene but can call tech support and they'll
         | dispatch roadside assistance to override the car and drive it
         | to safety. Will be interesting to see if Cruise copies this
         | same model.
        
           | kreeben wrote:
           | >> can't directly intervene but can call tech support
           | 
           | "Hi, yeah, car's gone berserk, we're approaching a river, all
           | doors are locked, can't get out, need assistance."
           | 
           | "Hi, thank you for calling. Please hold (your breath)."
        
             | raldi wrote:
             | What would be your plan if a taxi driver went berserk and
             | did that?
             | 
             | What makes you believe the autonomous car is more likely
             | than a human driver to do that?
        
               | mountainboy wrote:
               | 1. not get in the car in the first place. unless proven
               | out by 10+ years of human guinea pigs not getting killed.
               | 
               | 2. life experience, software expertise, common sense.
        
               | thenewwazoo wrote:
               | Lots of people used to feel this way about automated
               | elevators.
               | 
               | https://medium.com/swlh/what-do-self-driving-cars-and-
               | elevat...
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | Right, it's eerily similar. People say this about
               | automated railways too. And as with the elevator on your
               | hundredth trip you are not thinking "Oh no, this is
               | automated, it might kill me", because _of course_ it 's
               | automated, you're thinking about whether Jim meant to
               | complement you or it was intended as an insult last
               | night, and did you bolt the back door?
        
               | ggreer wrote:
               | I've tried to find the original source of that claim and
               | come up missing. All of the online articles either don't
               | reference a source or they eventually link to an out of
               | print book.[1]
               | 
               | At this point I'm pretty sure it's not true. If past
               | public sentiment was so against automatic elevators,
               | there would be at least one newspaper clipping or
               | digitized article.
               | 
               | 1. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25585122
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Wait, when in the history of taxis were there 10+ years
               | of humans not being killed by taxi drivers?
               | 
               | Certainly not any _recent_ (consecutive) 10-year period.
        
               | dhosek wrote:
               | It's pretty rare though. It's far more likely that the
               | taxi driver will be killed by a passenger.
        
               | raldi wrote:
               | In a typical year, NYC's human-driver taxis had a fatal-
               | or critical-injury crash rate 3x the overall US average:
               | https://www.ingberprovost.com/how-often-do-taxis-crash/
               | 
               | The US average is about 36,000 auto-caused fatalities per
               | year: https://www.iihs.org/topics/fatality-
               | statistics/detail/pedes...
        
           | shkkmo wrote:
           | Isn't Waymo also starting the same service in parts of San
           | Francisco?
        
             | asah wrote:
             | with safety drivers = not the same
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | Nope, they announced driveless bay area testing several
               | weeks back. A recent press release confirms this. [0]
               | 
               | Waymo is allowed to test at all hours, in rain and light
               | fog, within a limited geographic area.
               | 
               | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28710098
        
               | xeromal wrote:
               | Testing is different than a permitted taxi service.
               | 
               | The permitted taxi service allows them to scale up and
               | charge a profitable fare. In the testing phase, their
               | fares are severely reduce.
               | 
               | Cruise can charge full price without a driver, but Waymo
               | only has the permit for a backup driver at full proce.
        
               | andrewnc wrote:
               | Anecdata here, but every waymo car I've seen here in SF
               | for the past several weeks (probably 30+ cars) has had a
               | safety driver.
        
           | godelski wrote:
           | Didn't they have "chase" cars in the beginning? Maybe I'm
           | thinking of a different company. Cars that would follow
           | around the driverless cars and could respond immediately if
           | something happened.
        
             | TulliusCicero wrote:
             | IIRC they did chase cars when they started doing fully
             | driverless operations, yeah.
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | Waymo also has remote driving navigators/coaches who don't
           | directly steer the car, but can tell it where to go
           | navigation-wise.
        
       | dobs_bob wrote:
       | How long does it take the "safety driver" to react at 65mph?
        
         | wutbrodo wrote:
         | Per TFA, they're limited to 30 MPH and will not have safety
         | drivers.
         | 
         | And obviously the launch is conditioned on regulators' belief
         | that the system can handle reacting, to a degree of safety
         | that's similar to human drivers: otherwise they wouldn't get
         | the permit. The reaction time of safety drivers is not what
         | this approval pivots on.
         | 
         | Though obviously the interesting question is: how did the
         | company and the regulators get to this level of confidence in
         | the system's safety
        
           | matttb wrote:
           | They are referring to the multiple parts in 'TFA' talking
           | about Waymo using safety drivers and a 65mph limit.
        
             | wutbrodo wrote:
             | Ah, thanks for clarifying. That makes way more sense.
             | 
             | BTW, you seem to have been reading TFA as some sort of
             | snark. It's a pretty well-established bit of internet
             | jargon that's (at least in my experience) more winking than
             | aggressive at this pt.
        
       | unchocked wrote:
       | Between the noise of self-driving singularlists, and that of
       | self-driving impossibilists, it's great to see plodding,
       | sequential progress like this.
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | Yes. I've been saying that for a few years, as Waymo's
         | disconnect rate improved by a factor of 2 every 18 months or
         | so. This is a hard engineering problem. Now that the "fake it
         | til you make it" clowns have dropped out, there's real
         | progress.
        
           | raldi wrote:
           | Where can I follow along with the latest data on disconnect
           | rates?
        
           | ddp26 wrote:
           | The _reported_ disengage rate has improved a lot, but Waymo
           | only reports disengagements it classifies as  "related to
           | safety", based on proprietary analysis and counterfactual
           | simulations it does not share.
        
             | ahahahahah wrote:
             | This isn't really true. You may be thinking about the CA
             | required disengagement report rules. From a recent waymo
             | safety report:
             | 
             | "In this paper, "disengagement" refers to any event in
             | which the AV's automated driving mode is disengaged. This
             | is broader than the definition used in certain California
             | state regulations, where the term more narrowly refers to
             | certain safety-relevant disengagements."
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | What about the accident rate per miles driven? If that is
             | dropping too I'd see that as confirmation that it really is
             | improving. If that isn't then it's just bookkeeping.
        
               | anchpop wrote:
               | not necessarily, they could be putting the car in more
               | difficult situations as it becomes safer
        
               | Animats wrote:
               | You can read all California autonomous vehicle accident
               | reports here.[1]
               | 
               | Most Waymo reports are "stopped in traffic, was rear-
               | ended". There are two reports this year where the Waymo
               | vehicle was responsible. In both cases, it was backing up
               | while doing a three-point turn in a narrow street and
               | bumped into something at 2MPH. So they need better sensor
               | coverage in back.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-
               | services/auto...
        
           | dmitrygr wrote:
           | > Now that the "fake it til you make it" clowns have dropped
           | out
           | 
           | I am pretty sure they recently announced "Full self driving v
           | 2.0 for real this time, seriously, guys" and did not drop out
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | you're forgetting the "Full self driving v2.0 for real this
             | time, seriously, guys. Oops, v2.1 (bug fixes)"
        
             | mavhc wrote:
             | The one that says "this is beta, don't trust it at all"?
        
           | spectramax wrote:
           | I should start paying attention to these pesky plots then ;-)
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gartner_hype_cycle#/media/File.
           | ..
        
           | opinion-is-bad wrote:
           | From personal experience seeing how their data is generated,
           | I don't trust Waymo reports at all. They straight up lie
           | about the capability and disengage rates to an astonishing
           | degree. I left several years ago, but I see no reason they
           | would have developed honest practices on the meantime.
        
             | sgtnoodle wrote:
             | I have some personal experience as well, and I didn't pick
             | up on any dishonesty like you describe. There was a
             | consistent emphasis on safety, and multiple levels of
             | thorough testing. When I left, I had generally positive
             | opinions about the project.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I don't know about the disengage rates, but just the
               | training model of data scares the bejeebus out of me.
               | There was training data released and posted here on HN
               | some time ago. I'm pretty sure the post was talking about
               | how bad the training data was. There were all sorts of
               | crazy things like signage being indicated in the trees or
               | other "to a human" obviously wrong data. However, this
               | was the supposed training data for some ML system. It was
               | at this point that I just shook my head and walked away
               | from interest in the subject.
        
               | opinion-is-bad wrote:
               | They definitely care about safety. I don't doubt their
               | dedication to preventing accidents. My objections come
               | from their hand waving away disengagements from the
               | official results, shared with both regulators and
               | Alphabet leadership. This was done to make their lead
               | look greater than it was and to hide the slow progress
               | with simple, required driving maneuvers like yield signs
               | and unprotected left turns. My position had me handling
               | driver issues directly and what the reports said did not
               | line up with their, or my own, extensive time in the
               | actual car.
        
           | kstrauser wrote:
           | What's the "disconnect rate"?
        
             | exporectomy wrote:
             | Disengagement rate.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Did you honestly believe you were clarifying in a less
               | confusing manner than the original question with this
               | response?
        
               | tizzdogg wrote:
               | The parent poster is correct though. "Disengagement rate"
               | is the term used in the industry, and what would get you
               | results in google searches. "Disconnect rate" is not what
               | it's called, so it's helpful to correct that.
        
             | klodolph wrote:
             | I believe it's how often the system requires human
             | intervention... e.g., once per 1,000 miles, or once per 250
             | hours, or something like that.
        
               | kstrauser wrote:
               | Oh, that would make sense. Thanks!
        
         | oblio wrote:
         | I think most reasonable people aren't against self-driving,
         | they don't consider it impossible.
         | 
         | They're generally against "create a self-driving startup in
         | 2021, IPO by 2024 at the latest". That's just snake oil
         | salesmanship.
        
           | smnrchrds wrote:
           | Also against the "move fast and crash into things, and
           | people" attitude some of them have.
        
       | smegcicle wrote:
       | that's one way to both increase and decrease the homeless
       | population
        
       | gfodor wrote:
       | Robocars shuttling around actual people in SF at night in 2021
       | seems like it should surprise a lot of people who have been
       | skeptics. The road to full, global, universal autonomy will
       | probably take decades if we are going to use that as the
       | standard, but the standard of being certain that autonomy will
       | eat the world seems to be getting very close to being met.
        
         | mountainboy wrote:
         | until the first pedestrian gets killed...
        
           | summerlight wrote:
           | Tesla already did it. No one seems to care?
        
             | notatoad wrote:
             | I don't remember in incident where a Tesla killed a
             | pedestrian?
             | 
             | I know Uber did, and now they don't have a self-driving car
             | program anymore. not necessarily causation, but it can't
             | have helped.
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | _> not necessarily causation, but it can 't have helped_
               | 
               | I do think it was causal: when the official report came
               | out it was clear that their system was completely
               | inappropriate for autonomous driving.
               | https://www.jefftk.com/p/uber-self-driving-crash
        
             | jlmorton wrote:
             | Because we don't know if it did it. All we know is that a
             | Tesla was involved with a fatal crash involving a person
             | changing their tire on the Long Island Expressway. [1]
             | 
             | There's been no confirmation whether Autopilot was enabled.
             | 
             | [1] https://apnews.com/article/technology-
             | business-6127ae797c528...
        
               | summerlight wrote:
               | Just in case you're not aware of, Tesla has a long
               | history of fatal cases driven by Autopilot[1] with the
               | first case below:                   This entire incident
               | occurred without any actual input or action taken by the
               | driver of the Tesla vehicle, except that the driver had
               | his hands on the steering wheel as measured by Tesla's
               | Autosteer system. Indeed, the Tesla Model X was equipped
               | with an Event Data Recorder (EDR) which is intended to
               | enable Tesla to collect data and record information from
               | its vehicles and also provides information on various
               | processes of the vehicle's functioning systems when a
               | crash occurs. The information regarding vehicle speed as
               | extracted from the Tesla Model X provides proof of the
               | foregoing facts[2]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.tesladeaths.com/ [2]
               | https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2020/04/Te...
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | I think it will matter whether or not the car was
               | operating in FSD or not. People can chalk up AP failures
               | to idiot drivers misusing a feature, and then blame that
               | person. When it's Tesla claiming to be fully in control,
               | that's a different story. Though I guess they're probably
               | not making that claim yet for 'FSD'.
        
           | peter422 wrote:
           | >10 pedestrians are killed each year by human drivers in SF,
           | and almost exclusively they are the drivers fault (not only
           | by definition, but also based on an impartial assessment of
           | the situations).
           | 
           | People will not care, and I also do not think these automated
           | cars are going to kill any pedestrians anyways.
        
             | DamnYuppie wrote:
             | Agreed most people will not care. The legacy auto
             | manufacturers and their mainstream media lap dogs will jump
             | all over it. There will be an outpouring of fabricated
             | outrage. It is all so predictable I want to puke.
        
               | jjulius wrote:
               | Take a deep breathe, you're going to be OK.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | wutbrodo wrote:
               | The legacy manufacturers are pretty invested in the self-
               | driving space at this point though, no? Cruise itself is
               | owned by Honda and GM, among others. I believe waymo has
               | similar investors.
               | 
               | I think we'll see a situation more like nicotine vapes.
               | Instead of trying to crush the industry, big cigarette
               | manufacturers just bought them.
        
               | jimmydorry wrote:
               | Invested to not fall behind. They will snipe at their
               | opponents, and I don't doubt they would do the numbers on
               | torpedoing their own solution if it meant wiping the
               | field clean. Long-term, self-driving cars taking will
               | mean less cars sold to consumers. Between ride-sharing,
               | commercial operations, etc. the end goal will be less
               | cars on roads.
        
               | amznthrwaway wrote:
               | You "want to puke" because of a response to a problem,
               | where you're simply imagining both the problem _and_ the
               | response?
               | 
               | Calm down.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | When a human kills someone "that's a bad driver, take away
             | their license" when a machine kills someone "that's a bad
             | machine, ban it"
        
             | ajsnigrutin wrote:
             | > People will not care
             | 
             | I don't believe that.
             | 
             | One pregnant woman gets hi, and she and her unborn child
             | die, and there will be so much anger and pressure on the
             | politcians, everything will get outlawed.
             | 
             | Human drivers are individuals... John Doe killed someone,
             | blame John Doe. Autonomous car kills someone, blame all
             | autonomous cars!
        
               | vmception wrote:
               | Consensus is a gradient, and representative consensus is
               | multiple gradients.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Techies are a very narrow band in any of these gradients.
               | 
               | Regular people are very wide bands, and there's a reason
               | horror sci-fi movies where robots kill humankind are
               | extremely popular.
        
               | gfodor wrote:
               | You're both right and wrong at the same time. The media
               | gets to decide, as always, what we're collectively
               | outraged about. Or to be more specific, the people who
               | control the media. So if you want to predict if people
               | are going to care when someone gets killed by a robocar,
               | it depends on who stands to make or lose money if they do
               | or don't.
        
               | themacguffinman wrote:
               | It seems more likely that the manufacturer will blamed.
               | Society already has experience dealing with inhuman harm
               | from devices. If a phone explodes on its own, no one is
               | calling for all phones to be banned.
        
               | jimmydorry wrote:
               | If a phone explodes, many businesses outlaw that brand
               | and maybe narrow that to a model. With prior example, do
               | you think the same won't happen with a self-driving car?
        
               | themacguffinman wrote:
               | That's my point. The manufacturer and model of the self-
               | driving car will be blamed and possibly banned, but not
               | all self-driving cars will be.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | A small number of Chevy Bolts have had their batteries
               | ignite spontaneously, nobody has been killed, and now
               | there are a bunch of parking garages that have banned
               | Chevy Bolts from parking there.
               | 
               | Maybe not all autonomous cars will be banned when someone
               | is killed, but I wouldn't be shocked if the same thing
               | happened to whatever company that built the car in
               | question that happened to Uber after they killed an
               | innocent bystander.
        
               | themacguffinman wrote:
               | > Maybe not all autonomous cars will be banned when
               | someone is killed
               | 
               | Well that's exactly my point. The manufacturer and model
               | of the self-driving car will be blamed and possibly
               | banned, but not all self-driving cars will be. The first
               | pedestrian death isn't going to be blamed on all
               | autonomous cars.
        
             | bagels wrote:
             | People will care a disproportionate amount, I think.
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | If you're setting the over-under at 0.5, I'll take the
             | over...
        
         | KorematsuFredt wrote:
         | If it is SF, I would worry more about people shitting in those
         | cars or injecting themselves with heroine.
        
         | mustacheemperor wrote:
         | I read a perspective once that posed driverless cars would
         | first be adopted on specific commuter routes as a point to
         | point taxi, and it's seeming increasingly plausible there will
         | be such a service available for SFO to select highway-adjacent
         | points around the Bay before long.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | It's very easy to just distribute waste using these systems.
         | I'm still not convinced by the single-vehicle on-demand for
         | single-rider model.
         | 
         | There's got to be a way to make public transportation stop
         | being the least attractive option in low to medium density
         | urban settings.
        
           | b9a2cab5 wrote:
           | First make public transportation as clean and safe as ride
           | sharing, then you'll get demand. Nobody wants to sit next to
           | people that smell like piss/weed/cigs/BO. If you were a
           | Uber/Lyft driver that kind of thing would get you 1 star very
           | quickly.
        
             | gfodor wrote:
             | Post-COVID who wants to sit next to anyone
        
               | dx034 wrote:
               | I do, because hopefully we'll wear masks for a bit longer
               | which also prevents the spread of many other diseases.
        
             | andbberger wrote:
             | That's just classism in a thin veneer of pretention.
             | 
             | Frequency and reliability are what actually drive ridership
        
               | rsj_hn wrote:
               | Have enough of your friends get robbed/raped/groped in
               | public transit and spend enough time on transit with
               | urine in the stations and blood stains on the seats, and
               | you will come to understand that safety, security, and
               | cleanliness also drive ridership.
        
               | andbberger wrote:
               | my friends are NUMTOTs who grew up in the bay and are
               | unfazed by the poor people on bart. in fact we're amongst
               | them.
               | 
               | I will never come to understand why the cloistered folks
               | of Palo Alto hate poor people so much and will always
               | resent them for it
        
               | gfodor wrote:
               | The reason public transport safety is concerning to the
               | people you are slandering is because they have children.
        
               | b9a2cab5 wrote:
               | It's not the poor people you notice, it's the tweakers
               | and homeless people shitting themselves you notice. And
               | the criminals [1]. The poor people look just like any
               | other person on a train so _you can 't tell they're poor_
               | in the first place. Maybe they have crappier shoes and a
               | crappier phone but that's irrelevant because _they behave
               | like normal people_.
               | 
               | Seriously, have you ever taken a BART train late at night
               | where there was a guy tweaked out of his mind? Or sat in
               | chairs that look like they were shit on 5 times and never
               | properly cleaned? Why do you expect people to deal with
               | that as if it's perfectly okay? Why do you expect people
               | not to take alternative modes of transportation when
               | that's what they have to deal with? This kind of anti-
               | societal behavior is only accepted in the US, and nowhere
               | else in the world.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/BART-takeover-
               | robbery-5...
        
               | rsj_hn wrote:
               | And my friends were sexually assaulted and mugged at
               | gunpoint, yet we do not assume that this is acceptable
               | behavior or should be tolerated because of someone's
               | income level.
               | 
               | Honestly, I don't understand people who try to normalize
               | violence and argue on public forums that it's acceptable
               | that public transit be an open sewer just because it
               | gives them a faux edginess in liking "gritty" public
               | spaces or sense of twisted moral superiority to those who
               | do care about these things.
        
               | wayne-li2 wrote:
               | I really don't think this is a rich or poor issue. It is
               | possible to have public transportation that can transport
               | rich or poor equally, while maintaining safety and
               | cleanliness.
               | 
               | For example, public transportation that has locked
               | "cabins" for people who want to feel additional security.
               | For cleanliness, constant sanitization of seats and
               | floors. Trash bins available on the train, with workers
               | replacing them as needed during station time.
               | 
               | No one is kicking a poor person off MUNI but if a
               | homeless person pees on the seat, it gets cleaned up
               | immediately. People that feel unsafe can go into the
               | cabin. Unarmed security guards can be placed at every
               | station, not to hassle riders, but to give assistance to
               | people that ask.
               | 
               | This is not some foreign concept -- some Asian countries
               | do this quite well.
        
               | dx034 wrote:
               | I'm from Europe so not sure if that's a US thing but
               | that's certainly not such a big topic over here. Yes,
               | public transport can't be 100% safe, being in public
               | never is. But rapes in public transport and blood stains
               | on seats are so rare that I don't know a single person
               | who avoids public transport because of it. It's always
               | just convenience, sometimes price.
        
               | rsj_hn wrote:
               | Yes, I'm also from Europe. Public transport in Europe is
               | much safer than in some urban areas in the U.S., but that
               | is often true in general for just walking down in the
               | street in a place like Bern or Frankfurt than in New
               | Orleans or Oakland (these are the two cities where I had
               | friends assaulted on public transport).
               | 
               | That's why it's so shocking when these things happen and
               | are accepted by people who actually resist reform because
               | they view enforcing standards of cleanliness and safety
               | as being "anti-poor" and suggest that even complaining
               | about these issues is being classist instead of just
               | advocating for basic human decency and higher quality
               | public transport.
        
               | jshmrsn wrote:
               | What... I've had so many incredibly bad and sometimes
               | downright scary situations due to being locked in close
               | proximity to people out of their minds on drugs. Those
               | experiences have absolutely decreased my willingness to
               | take public transit. If you want to call that classism,
               | then fine, but that doesn't make the impact on ridership
               | any less true.
        
           | Laremere wrote:
           | The economics of self driving cars will ensure a rise in
           | public transit usage.
           | 
           | A few years ago, I was helping my friend consider options for
           | saving money. On the table was if they needed to keep their
           | car. Most of their commute was via public transit. However we
           | looked at the number of transits for which public transit was
           | not viable per month (visiting friends on the other side of
           | the metro area, running to stores), multiplied by the cost of
           | using a ride share service. Comparing this number to the car
           | payment, auto insurance, gas, and maintenance, it was no
           | contest: even a few trips amortized the cost of the car and
           | made it worth it.
           | 
           | Every trip has a cost in dollars, time, and externalities
           | (causing congestion, environmental impact, etc). People will
           | tend towards being efficient with those costs, judged by
           | their relative importance to them personally.
           | 
           | The thing is, owning a car is mostly a fixed dollar cost per
           | month. Once you pass the point where owning one is worth it
           | for a few trips, the cost of additional trips is far less,
           | while the time savings remain high. The only time I consider
           | public transportation is when parking is a problem, as all
           | other things considered driving is preferable.
           | 
           | Once self driving cars reach a point where they are closer to
           | the amortized cost of a trip when owning a car, the tradeoffs
           | start to change. Those who use their cars for few, but
           | necessary, trips will be the first to ditch owning. I suspect
           | many multi-car families will downsize to a single car. Once
           | you get rid of your car, and are using self-driving cars for
           | the trips where they are necessary, the question for every
           | trip becomes "public transit, or self driving?" Different
           | trips will have different ways they play out. However lot of
           | people who are currently eating the cost of owning a car and
           | might as well drive anyways will suddenly be able to save a
           | few bucks by using public transit instead.
           | 
           | The final magic of all this is that if you're going anywhere
           | more than a few minutes away, there are many other people
           | going from approximately where you are, to approximately
           | where you're going. The big killer in public transit speed is
           | time. Time going to a common pickup point, time waiting for
           | it to arrive, time spent not going on a direct route, time
           | spent stopping for others to get on or off. With a
           | sufficiently well used self driving car network, it could
           | easily join a few rides together at a point nearby, and have
           | self driving cars ready and waiting at the point near your
           | destination. Two quick transfers, and that's it. If the self
           | driving car app says "45 minutes, $20, or 50 minutes for
           | $10", lots of people would save that $10. For destinations
           | such as downtown, airport, sport stadiums, there's even only
           | one transfer. Given car pool lanes and such, transferring to
           | an express bus might actually be faster than driving
           | directly.
        
             | drusepth wrote:
             | Groceries are probably my number one reason to keep a car.
             | I _can_ ride busses to and from grocery stores, but the
             | inconvenience level of not only lugging tons of bags to
             | /from but also dealing with your typical city life on the
             | journey makes just using the car immensely more palateable.
             | I've basically driven once every other week for the last
             | year; for everything other than groceries, I walk or take
             | transit.
             | 
             | However, there are a bunch of potential one-off situations
             | that make owning the car (or at least having it on hand)
             | important, too. For example, what can you do when you need
             | an emergency vet visit? You're probably not going to be
             | calling a rideshare or taking a bus for that. Those what-
             | ifs are also a big reason I still have a car, even though I
             | don't technically _need_ one.
        
             | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
             | What about traveling to one-off destinations that may be a
             | couple of hours away and not accessible by public
             | transportation, like a trail head for a hike? Such trips
             | just never happen in your scenario?
        
               | Laremere wrote:
               | If someone does this say, every weekend all summer long,
               | it's likely that keeping one car in the family will still
               | be economical.
               | 
               | Once self driving cars remove the inconvenience of the
               | last mile and difficulty of coordination, mixed modes of
               | transport start to become really convenient. In your
               | scenario, you might take a self driving cab from a suburb
               | house to a small transfer station, transfer to an express
               | bug/shuttle, which then takes you to a car rental. This
               | hypothetical car rental wouldn't make much sense today,
               | but consider a rental in a small mountain town, renting
               | out off-road capable vehicles. From there you could go on
               | your hike. Though this solution would be a little slower
               | and less convenient than driving directly - on the larger
               | scale for many people dealing with this 2 times a year
               | would be better than the costs of owning a vehicle. Plus
               | for many people it doesn't make sense to own a large
               | rugged vehicle for driving in cramped downtown spaces -
               | using the right vehicle for the job becomes an awesome
               | option.
               | 
               | More popular trailheads for which the drive is fully
               | paved won't be the first area serviced by self driving
               | cars, but would be eventually.
               | 
               | The meta-point is this: Many people survive today just
               | fine without owning a car at all, so it's reasonable to
               | assume that self driving cars will expand the circle of
               | people who's use cases will be fully covered by self
               | driving cars. This will definitely not be everyone as
               | soon as self driving cars come out.
               | 
               | As this circle grows, various niches of transportation
               | will reach a critical mass and be developed. Another
               | example is transportation between major cities. Currently
               | you have inconvenient greyhound busses, or the rare train
               | in the US. Then once you get to your destination you have
               | to deal with transportation within that city. Today it's
               | just easier to drive a few hours, assuming you already
               | own a car.
        
               | jimmydorry wrote:
               | This is fun to think about, but all falls apart when you
               | have awkward luggage that you want to travel with.
               | 
               | Pet to the vet?
               | 
               | Musical instrument?
               | 
               | Shopping / incidental purchases?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | themacguffinman wrote:
               | Why can't that be covered by self-driving cars? There
               | will definitely be some places that are truly unmapped
               | and out of bounds for self-driving cars, but common
               | hiking entrances and exits shouldn't be a problem.
        
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