[HN Gopher] Mosquitto: An open-source MQTT broker
___________________________________________________________________
Mosquitto: An open-source MQTT broker
Author : ducktective
Score : 182 points
Date : 2021-09-29 15:50 UTC (7 hours ago)
(HTM) web link (github.com)
(TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
| nathan_f77 wrote:
| I've learned a lot about MQTT while setting up Home Assistant,
| and Mosquitto is a pretty important part of my Home Assistant
| installation. I use it to control all of my Zigbee devices via
| "zigbee2mqtt" (buttons, switch modules, etc.), and also a smart
| kettle running Tasmota [1]. I also added a little patch to
| Tasmota [2] so that my kettle responds with `418 I'm a teapot`
| [3]
|
| [1] https://tasmota.github.io/docs
|
| [2]
| https://github.com/ndbroadbent/Tasmota/commit/bbcf57faffbf5b...
|
| [3] https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/418
| matttrotter wrote:
| Cool stuff and inspiring. Have a website or GitHub about your
| home automation projects? I checked out your blog, and the
| raspberry pi microwave was pretty sweet.
| seidoger wrote:
| Prime use-case for HTTP 418!
| SV_BubbleTime wrote:
| People always want that for teapots. I have a device that
| uses it as an indication it's internal data shouldn't be
| trusted (some unknown error).
|
| I have it respond with 418 as _"I taste colors and the
| government spies on you with the ground in your house
| wiring"._
|
| I like it for that more than actual tea pots which is far too
| on the nose.
| Kuinox wrote:
| I'm developing a mqtt client/broker and the protocol is all but
| simple to implement. I didn't found any implementation, mosquitto
| included, that was really lossless.
| xnyan wrote:
| I've worked quite a bit with MQTT - can you tell us a little
| more about what you mean by "really lossless"?
| Kuinox wrote:
| To never loose a packet on QoS 1/2.
| RedShift1 wrote:
| The protocol is simple (I've written my own implementation in
| php), what do you mean with lossless?
| Kuinox wrote:
| That when you use QoS 2 "ExactlyOnce" (or 1), you will never
| loose a message.
| nicolaslem wrote:
| Could you expand on the difficulties you are facing? From the
| outside the protocol looks quite simple.
| Kuinox wrote:
| The Packet ID logic is not enough restricted.
|
| For exemple, the emitter is not restricted in the ID it
| should use for it's packet, it can be any unsigned 16 bit
| number.
|
| In contrast, a lot of protocol the ID must be incremental,
| and the receiver can detect that a package is missing (which
| result in smaller network overhead, the client can ack, or
| re-ask for a dropped packet, which result in a single
| roundtrip when there is no issue, instead of having the
| double round trip that mqtt have). It means that, the
| receiver can't know if it missed a packet. Because you don't
| have to waits for the acks to propagate the message, it mean
| the message delivering is unordoned. It also mean that if the
| same message keep dropping, the protocol should continue to
| work. Now if you implemented your mqtt with an i++, this
| where you can start to have dataloss, because now that you
| sent 65k messages you finished you start to need actually
| free packet id.
|
| And it cause a lot more issues that what I said there, that I
| hope I covered every case in my implementation:
| https://github.com/signature-opensource/CK-
| MQTT/blob/develop...
|
| Then, this is just the PacketID Logic. MQTT 3 doesn't do
| enough things, while MQTT5 do too much things. MQTT 3 Have
| design issues which MQTT 5 acknowledged it, and tried to fix
| it with duck tapes. One issue for exemple is the credentials
| being sent after the last will packet, which lead to a huge
| DOS issue, because now an attacker can attack you with your
| maximum last will packet, that you will want to save to disk,
| then wait to timeout without ever sending credentials. MQTT 5
| is not really a breaking change as this behavior still exist,
| but you can enforce a credentials packet for the connexion.
|
| All this highlight that MQTT could be a far smaller, faster,
| simpler protocol if correctly done (and a protocol like this
| probably exist, I didn't looked at a lot of popular protocols
| for now, only a dozen of hardware custom ones).
|
| If I knew all the above before starting to implement my MQTT
| client, I would had want with another protocol.
| eska wrote:
| Paho-mqtt implements QoS and also has an option to store unsent
| messages to disk for later sending.
| Kuinox wrote:
| The issues I spotted are how the protocol is implemented, not
| how the packets are stored.
| idatum wrote:
| +1 on paho-mqtt for python and mosquitto. All of my fun
| projects such as XBee3 sensors and HA + Z-Wave go through MQTT.
| It has been rock solid and a joy to develop against.
| Kuinox wrote:
| It will work fine for your small scale IoT, but when they
| said "for IoT" they never meant it for high scale.
| luma wrote:
| Is that true if you set QoS to a value other than 0 in your
| application?
|
| https://www.hivemq.com/blog/mqtt-essentials-part-6-mqtt-qual...
| Kuinox wrote:
| No, even when you set the QoS to 2, "ExactlyOnce", you may
| still hit edge cases where you loose data, without knowing
| it, especially on enterprise networks, or if there is an high
| throughtput.
| mleo wrote:
| MQTT/Mosquitto relays is a great solution for passing data across
| network boundaries when inbound is limited.
|
| I use it with Webhooks deployed to Internet VM that pass the data
| to broker installed on VM.
|
| Another broker in home network connects to Internet broker and
| relays messages to local clients.
|
| I don't have to open any ports into my home network for webhooks
| to work with other services.
| zwieback wrote:
| I like MQTT and we use Mosquitto in our product but I always
| wonder if MQTT pushes TCP into areas where UDP would be a better
| fit.
| mlaretallack wrote:
| That is where MQTT-SN comes in. I have used it over NB-IOT and
| then a gateway to full MQTT over mTLS to AWS IoT.
| ralight wrote:
| Like your other reply said, MQTT-SN can use UDP so may be a
| better fit in some situations. It's a shame that MQTT-SN hasn't
| seen wider use, but there isn't that much support at the
| moment. The protocol is being standardised at the moment, and
| there has been an MQTT to MQTT-SN gateway as part of the
| Eclipse Paho project for a while now. The Mosquitto project has
| the aim of adding support for MQTT-SN - it's just not as high a
| priority as other things at the moment unfortunately though. If
| it's something that's important to you, please get in touch.
|
| Roger
| boilerupnc wrote:
| The node-red [0] project is a great complement to MQTT use-cases.
| [1]
|
| "Node-RED is a programming tool for wiring together hardware
| devices, APIs and online services in new and interesting ways. It
| provides a browser-based editor that makes it easy to wire
| together flows using the wide range of nodes in the palette that
| can be deployed to its runtime in a single-click."
|
| [0]: https://nodered.org/
|
| [1]: https://cookbook.nodered.org/mqtt/connect-to-broker
| SavantIdiot wrote:
| Anyone have experience scaling with more than 256 devices?
|
| I use MQTTS at work and for my own projects. It is a very thin
| protocol (low code footprint), especially combined with Wi-Fi
| where those stacks typically eat up most of your MCU's flash if
| you're using a single-chip solution with TLS. I've used it on a
| max of 256 devices on a single BSSID, but I would be curious to
| know how it scales.
|
| EDIT: Specifically, when all devices are subbed to a noisy
| channel. In some cases we had to stagger pub with random jitter
| to prevent both Wi-Fi and edge processing issues.
| ralight wrote:
| I can't comment on MCUs or WiFi BSSIDs, but on the server side
| I have an Intel Atom N2800 (think low performance) with nearly
| 4000 clients sending out ~50k messages/s with an average
| payload size of 80 bytes. The overwhelming majority of those
| are not using TLS. About a quarter using MQTT over websockets.
| lulf wrote:
| You can use a subset of MQTT for ingress data and store it in
| Kafka for instance. Check out https://www.drogue.io and
| https://sandbox.drogue.cloud for an open source project that
| does that
| eska wrote:
| I've only seen papers from the automobile industry where they
| used MQTT but fed it into Kafka to scale.
| IshKebab wrote:
| All Dyson smart products use MQTT. As I recall it works fine
| from a performance point of view (it's a very lightweight
| protocol), but personally I thought it was a pretty flawed
| choice because the problem of choosing/discovering paths is
| just completely ignored, and it shares the same problem as all
| event bus style systems - events can get lost, it's very
| difficult to debug and learn, etc.
| SavantIdiot wrote:
| > events can get lost,
|
| Well, yes, but QoS=1 or 2 with a reasonably large queue I
| haven't seen loss issues.
|
| What kind of loss problems are you running into (that I
| should be worried about)?
| IshKebab wrote:
| Yeah I don't mean due to the protocol, I mean due to
| application bugs where something adds a message to some
| queue and the thing that is meant to process it doesn't for
| some reason, and then nothing will ever realise.
|
| Compared to callbacks / RPC for example, where you have a
| function call the either has to succeed or it has to fail.
|
| It's not a deal breaker but I don't like it.
| RedShift1 wrote:
| If your MQTT client allows control over this aspect of
| the protocol, you can just not ACK QOS > 0 messages that
| failed to process. Next time you connect you'll get the
| non-ACK'ed messages first.
| tombert wrote:
| I've never used Mosquitto, but I have done a fair amount with
| Verne.mq [1], and I have to say that MQTT is downright _pleasant_
| to use in a lot of cases. I 've not done a ton with it in "real
| world" situations, but I have used it for multiple hackathons,
| and I'm always impressed how little of a headache it is to build
| a decent "live" application with almost no effort.
|
| If your frontend web project calls for any kind of messaging, I
| definitely recommend looking into trying MQTT before you jump
| straight into WebSockets. There's a good chance MQTT does what
| you need, scales better, can communicate over WebSockets, and
| will make your life easier .
|
| [1] https://vernemq.com/
| [deleted]
| jvanderbot wrote:
| I have used ZMQ for this with great success. The one-line
| python calls to send data between nodes are _really nice_.
| tombert wrote:
| I love ZeroMQ, but I didn't think that had any first-class
| support for communicating in the browser (could be wrong).
|
| I agree it's super nice though, even with a single process.
| alias_neo wrote:
| ZeroMQ is fantastic. I've been using at work for a few years
| now, but I generally enjoy the tech anyway, their
| documentation[0] and "The Guide"[1] is also really nice, with
| examples for all of the different language bindings.
|
| From C or Golang (or a bunch of other language bindings) you
| can set up some nice pub/sub or req/res with fan in/fan out
| and all sorts of cool routing with low-level, high speed
| sockets with the added power that ZMQ provides, such as the
| queueing, high-watermarks etc. You can also enable encryption
| easily with CurveZMQ which is a refreshing change from TLS.
|
| [0]https://zeromq.org/get-started/
|
| [1]https://zguide.zeromq.org/
| tombert wrote:
| I almost feel like the guide should be mandatory reading
| for _anyone_ learning network programming. It gives
| extremely digestible summaries of most of the network
| patterns, when and why you 'd use them, and then how
| they're done in ZeroMQ. Even if you end the guide thinking
| that ZeroMQ is stupid (which you probably wouldn't), you'd
| still probably benefit from having read the guide.
| PostThisTooFast wrote:
| Yeah, it's pretty cool. I am tasked with developing a new API
| and communication method for a bunch of networked devices that
| run embedded Linux. Initially I focused on MQTT, but have since
| decided to define an API in OpenAPI and implement an HTTP/REST-
| style interface because that's well understood and easily
| supported by third parties, whose APIs we might want to
| integrate with or provide a translation layer for.
|
| But the devices need to alert a controller application to
| status changes... which so far I supposed they would do by
| POSTing REST-style messages back to that application. Do people
| combine REST & MQTT?
| serial_dev wrote:
| > Do people combine REST & MQTT?
|
| I'm not a REST+MQTT expert, but some people do combine them,
| why not?
|
| One of the project I was working on (IoT, smart home), the
| mobile app received the current status from the REST API,
| then subscribed to changes via MQTT. Having MQTT was great
| for live updates on the mobile app, and for communicating
| with the IoT devices. HTTP was great for integrations with
| Google Home, Alexa, and we could test it easily as there are
| many backend frameworks focusing on CRUD REST HTTP backend
| apps.
|
| Of course, if you actually have a problem you want to solve,
| be sure the to do your own research, there are more than one
| way to skin a cat, and there are so many services and
| platforms that could be "good enough" for your use case.
| eska wrote:
| The REST paper explicitly mentions that REST and HTTP only
| try to solve the common cases, and solve those well. If
| something is not covered well then you're explicitly advised
| to leave it to another protocol. You could for example have a
| GET response that (due to HATEOAS) suggests a websocket url
| including a topic to subscribe to.
| kitd wrote:
| One thing to note is that MQTT is session-oriented, so you
| have to send periodic pings to the server to keep your
| session active. Which is obviously a deviation from stateless
| REST.
| RedShift1 wrote:
| The VerneMQ bugtracker scares me. Especially this one:
| https://github.com/vernemq/vernemq/issues/1663. I'm running one
| instance but I'm on the lookout for an alternative that can
| more reliably save messages if a subscription client goes down.
| tombert wrote:
| I wish I could say that I chose Verne.mq because I weighed
| all the options and it was the best for my project but...I
| really chose it because it was written in Erlang and I like
| Erlang.
|
| I won't pretend to have done an audit of the best servers in
| terms of bugs or features.
| mosselman wrote:
| > I definitely recommend looking into trying MQTT before you
| jump straight into WebSockets.
|
| What is a nice way to use mqtt in the front-end instead of
| websockets? What can you recommend?
| oneweekwonder wrote:
| Eclipse Paho JavaScript Client[0] for the front-end and
| personally I prefer RabbitMQ Web MQTT Plugin[1] for the back-
| end[1].
|
| Take note Paho MQTT Client is available for several
| programming languages(Py,Rust,Go,C,C#,etc)[2].
|
| [0]: https://www.eclipse.org/paho/index.php?page=clients/js/i
| ndex... [1]: https://www.rabbitmq.com/web-mqtt.html [2]:
| https://www.eclipse.org/paho/index.php?page=downloads.php
| tombert wrote:
| Beat me to it!
|
| I was about to suggest the Eclipse Paho library. One of the
| very few things in the developer world that has "just
| worked" for me the first time I tried it.
| ajfally wrote:
| I've been wanting a GCM/FCM alternative, could mqtt be used for
| notifications like that? I understand its usually used for IOT
| devices and stuff so I assume its suitable for not using loads of
| power
| malermeister wrote:
| Thats what Facebook Messenger uses. Downside to this is that
| only FCM can work around android's power saving mechanisms and
| deliver instantly... unless you're Facebook and able to
| convince vendors to patch the firmware for your servers too ;)
| holoduke wrote:
| Yep. Another real concrete example of an unwanted monopoly.
| We have issues with fcm, we are sending about 10m per day for
| millions of users. About 1 to 3% never arrives. Ends up in
| the void. Google doesn't want to help. We are not Facebook.
| But no alternative. A pity
| malermeister wrote:
| 97% is actually a really good delivery rate. From my
| experience working on several push-based products, ~80% is
| the industry standard.
| clumsysmurf wrote:
| Anyone have experience comparing MQTT with NATS, they seem to
| cover similar scenarios.
| JesseObrien wrote:
| Would be looking for this as well. I love using NATS, would
| like to see a comparison of both.
| jvanderbot wrote:
| I've recently transitioned my home "IOT" network (and servers) to
| a Wireguard-only network. It's wonderful. All the routing
| accessibility through firewalls or with dynamic IPs just
| disappeared. All services are exposed only on the wireguard
| interface, meaning security and connectivity are solved (to the
| 80/20 level) with just Wireguard.
|
| That kind of removed the need for a static broker entirely since
| now every node has a static IP on my wireguard network and are
| accessible no matter what network they are _actually_ on. Pinging
| my mobile phone from an air quality sensor was an eye-opening
| experience.
| kobalsky wrote:
| what kind of IOT devices are we talking about? linux embedded
| or is wireguard available for something like nodemcu?
| 3np wrote:
| Did you ever notice any issues with significant increased
| softirqs?
|
| I started going down a similar path but a node that is acting
| as a gateway/bridge for UDP traffic routing to an outbound
| wireguard tunnel is now spending a constant ~20% CPU time on
| NET_RX softirqs with 10Mbps and 5~30Kpps. Almost no NET_TX.
|
| It's specifically the combination of UDP-over-wg that seems to
| cause this. It's otherwise handling 1Gbps and way more packets
| just fine.
|
| (I'm aware MQTT is TCP but hey, worth a shot)
| zerkten wrote:
| For someone that has worked with RabbitMQ, is there a guide to
| the differences and appropriate usage of MQTT brokers with some
| real use cases explained?
| oneweekwonder wrote:
| You are aware RabbitMQ support MQTT[0] and MQTT over
| WebSockets[1]?
|
| As for comparing it to RabbitMQ you should compare the AMQP
| protocol vs MQTT protocol, it seems MQTT with its lightweight
| design "won" IoT market over and should be rather compared
| against protocols like CoAP.
|
| As for guides I have always found resources rather scarce and
| mostly learned by adding features to mqtt libraries or writing
| my own prototype games using it.
|
| [0]: https://www.rabbitmq.com/mqtt.html [1]:
| https://www.rabbitmq.com/web-mqtt.html
| travisgriggs wrote:
| I'll just pile on my own accolades. We use MQTT to connect
| handhelds with in the field ag irrigation controllers. There's
| probably about 10,000 valves on farms and other ag projects
| throughout, that are ultimately scheduled and monitored through
| MQTT. We've even been able to build a full request/event protocol
| on top of it.
|
| The protocol is simple enough, that when I wasn't happy with not
| many full solutions existing in iOS, I just rolled our own in a
| day or two.
|
| Currently adding an Elixir REST bridge to the whole thing. It's
| been pretty cool all around.
| ralight wrote:
| That sounds really nice, I love interesting projects in areas
| outside of my experience. If you're using Mosquitto I'd love to
| hear more about it - my contact details are at the bottom of
| https://github.com/eclipse/mosquitto/ :)
| IceWreck wrote:
| I'm a big fan of NATS. It a small binary which can be scaled as
| much as you want and it replaces Kalfka, lightweight MQTT
| brokers, etc and has clients for most languages.
| ducktective wrote:
| https://nats.io/ https://github.com/nats-io/nats-server
|
| Is it suitable for embedded applications? (very low resources,
| intermittent network availability, etc)
| DenseComet wrote:
| NATS actually also has support for MQTT[0]. If you already
| have a deployment for queues, microservices, etc, using the
| NATS mqtt endpoint seems like a very good option.
|
| [0] https://docs.nats.io/nats-server/configuration/mqtt
| AkshitGarg wrote:
| The NATS protocol [0] looks pretty simple, but is text based
| unlike MQTT which uses a size optimized binary protocol.
|
| [0]: https://docs.nats.io/nats-protocol/nats-protocol
| deknos wrote:
| is mosquitto clusterable nowadays? on its own or via k8s?
|
| for: * fault tolerance * fail over * vertical scalability?
|
| does anyone know this? if not is there a another opensource mqtt
| broker which does that?
| ralight wrote:
| I work for Cedalo AG developing Mosquitto. Cedalo will be
| offering a version of Mosquitto with failover support as a paid
| for feature soon.
| eska wrote:
| There are broker implementations that support clustering. Emqx
| comes to mind.
| oneweekwonder wrote:
| Recently wanted to also create a cluster of mqtt brokers and
| found this medium tutorial stringing Docker Swarm, RabbitMQ,
| Consul and HAProxy together very helpful[0].
|
| I was not happy with the static ip's for haproxy and opted to
| register the mqtt/tls services in consul and use the consul dns
| resolver with hapraxy.
|
| [0]: https://medium.com/hepsiburadatech/implementing-highly-
| avail...
| mlhales wrote:
| Mosquitto is not, we use RabbitMQ which runs on Erlang/OTP and
| has mqtt plug-ins. Mosquitto is single threaded. It's fast for
| sure but doesn't scale out. They can interoperate though as
| Mosquitto has configurable bridging.
| discreteevent wrote:
| Have a look at Apache Artemis. Well architected multi-protocol
| broker with clustering.
| serial_dev wrote:
| VerneMQ [0] could be interesting for you, they claim that:
|
| > VerneMQ is a high-performance, distributed MQTT broker. It
| scales horizontally and vertically on commodity hardware to
| support a high number of concurrent publishers and consumers
| while maintaining low latency and fault tolerance.
|
| I'm not sure about their licensing at the moment [1], to me
| it's a bit confusing.
|
| [0] https://vernemq.com/
|
| [1] https://vernemq.com/blog/2019/11/26/vernemq-end-user-
| license...
| jonquark wrote:
| There are lots of brokers and Eclipse Amlen is coming soon:
| https://www.eclipse.org/amlen/
|
| (disclosure: I work on Amlen)
| eska wrote:
| Unfortunately the websockets implementation only allows IPv6, and
| in my tests from a js app sometimes took seconds to start if it
| worked at all. I'm currently looking for an alternative broker
| due to those issues.
| oauea wrote:
| > Unfortunately the websockets implementation only allows IPv6
|
| Huh? Pretty sure that's not true.
| eska wrote:
| >socket_domain [ ipv4 | ipv6 ]
|
| >By default, a listener will attempt to listen on all
| supported IP protocol versions.
|
| >If you do not have an IPv4 or IPv6 interface you may wish to
| disable support for either of those protocol versions. In
| particular, note that due to the limitations of the
| websockets library, it will only ever attempt to open IPv6
| sockets if IPv6 support is compiled in, and so will fail if
| IPv6 is not available.
|
| From the manual. Huh, seems like I might've misunderstood
| this paragraph. But I was only ever able to access the broker
| if the browser was using an ipv6 address. I'll have to test
| again I suppose. Still, the performance and reliability was
| not good.
| oauea wrote:
| Right, that just says if you don't have IPv6 support
| compiled in, you can't use IPv6. IPv4 is always available,
| and has worked wonderfully well in my experience.
| eska wrote:
| Thanks for pointing that out. I'll have to try again.
| Maybe ipv4 got disabled in the configuration somehow by
| accident.
| ralight wrote:
| As others have pointed out, that's not the case. Something you
| do have to be careful of is the compile options for
| libwebsockets and what version you're using. Recent-ish version
| of libwebsockets in particular disable by default some features
| Mosquitto relies on, so some installations may suffer.
|
| Version 2.1 of Mosquitto will no longer need libwebsockets
| (although it can still be selected at compile time) and so
| websockets support will be less dependant on how other
| libraries are compiled.
| nicolaslem wrote:
| MQTT is becoming the defacto interface for home automation. As an
| example, Home Assistant used to have plugins for zwave and zigbee
| but they are now replaced by an MQTT broker that sits between
| Home Assistant and the program driving the wireless dongle.
|
| Since I'm already running Mosquitto to interface with zwave
| devices, I decided to also use it to monitor my home lab. Servers
| push sensor statuses into Mosquitto and Home Assistant is used
| for the UI and alerting. That was a fun week-end project.
| SV_BubbleTime wrote:
| >MQTT is becoming the defacto interface for home automation.
|
| The problem I have with MQTT is also a feature. The payload
| format isn't defined, there is no request response structure,
| encryption of payload requires custom encapsulation, etc. You
| are on your own for everything.
|
| This is made better in MQTT v5, but AWS still doesn't support
| that.
|
| If I was starting over today, I really like OSCORE and CoAP
| derivatives for their completeness.
| cptskippy wrote:
| I observed this as well and was just starting to dabble in MQTT
| with my ESP projects.
|
| I have yet to find a good resource for outlining autodiscovery.
| Most of the projects I have come across just hard code some pub
| paths in the homeassistant namespace.
| oynqr wrote:
| ZHA is still the preferred way for Zigbee with Home Assistant,
| isn't it?
| dusing wrote:
| ZHA is great and fast, I prefer it instead of zigbee2mgtt. I
| have 100+ zigbee devices and 80 z-wave.
| nathan_f77 wrote:
| I started with ZHA but had problems with some devices (e.g. a
| 4-way switch panel that would only show as a single button.)
| I've had a much better experience with zigbee2mqtt, and it
| seems a bit more powerful
| specto wrote:
| Saw this too recently - https://www.cnx-
| software.com/2021/09/27/zb-gw03-esp32-based-..., quite nice
| EngCanMan wrote:
| Many people use https://www.zigbee2mqtt.io/ now too, it seems
| people are moving in this direction
| parineum wrote:
| > Home Assistant used to have plugins for zwave and zigbee but
| they are now replaced by an MQTT broker that sits between Home
| Assistant and the program driving the wireless dongle
|
| And now, they've moved on from that to having straight
| websocket communication between those two programs, eliminating
| MQTT altogether.
|
| I use MQTT for a lot of stuff but it adds a layer of delay
| between devices that is particularly noticeable with flipping a
| light switch in the Home Assistant web ui.
| EngCanMan wrote:
| This may be a use case issue. I have a zigbee door contact
| that communicates to HA through Z2MQTT which turns on the
| light when the door opens. It turns on so fast that my wife
| didn't believe the light wasn't already on until I made her
| open the door from the inside. It is instant for all intents
| and purposes. So this delay may be relevant to the setup,
| more than MQTT itself.
| zerd wrote:
| Are you sure it's MQTT adding the delay? From my experience
| that part is pretty much instantaneous, but processing though
| Home Assistant, and in my case zigbee2mqtt does add some
| delay.
| parineum wrote:
| No I'm not certain but I can certainly say that the whole
| setup is much more responsive after taking MQTT out of the
| loop.
| yasserf wrote:
| MQTT is awesome. In deepstream.io we bridged the node MQTT
| protocol to deepstream which allows us to mix and match
| protocols. MQQT for IoT devices (and to be honest any device
| considering the large amount of libraries) and the deepstream JS
| client for node/browsers.
|
| This pretty much allowed clustering out of the box +
| automatically saves messages with quality assurance set in an
| actual database. Plus a bit more authentication and permission
| tools.
|
| https://deepstream.io/blog/20190909-release-deepstream-4.2/
|
| Deepstream itself is under maintenance right now, but I find the
| concept of mixing protocols together (similar to what ably.io
| provides) to hit a sweet spot for development across multiple
| different environments/devices
| pletnes wrote:
| I take it mqtt was developed for embedded systems,
| microcontrollers etc to be lightweight. Can the _broker_ also run
| in such and environment, or is that just the clients?
| joezydeco wrote:
| I'm running Mosquitto as the central messaging broker on an
| embedded Linux product right now. It's super lightweight.
|
| Running the broker on the target has been a really great thing
| during development. I can run validation systems on other
| machines and inject messages over the wire, or I can actually
| run the UI on my dev machine and let the backend respond from a
| live target.
|
| I also have a development team in Asia that can't get to the
| newest hardware, so I fire up a system here and open a port
| they can access. They love it.
|
| That said, the _bandwidth_ in MQTT is lightweight but you still
| need a TCP /IP stack on your system. That's typically more
| substantial of a footprint than Mosquitto will be at the end of
| the day.
| zorr wrote:
| Mosquitto is C/C++ without any crazy dependencies so you should
| be able to do that. I don't immediately see why you would do
| this though? Any specific use cases?
|
| I haven't done this myself yet but I've seen a couple of
| production IoT setups with a local MQTT broker running on a
| RaspberryPi configured to relay all messages to a central
| broker running in the cloud.
| jvanderbot wrote:
| Pi is a far cry from "Microcontrollers".
|
| MQTT requires a TCP stack, which limits to the higher end
| chips.
|
| But, for embedded linux, you're probably golden.
| joezydeco wrote:
| MQTT is available via LWIP on STM32 parts that don't have
| an MMU.
|
| I've tried it on the STM32F746 (Cortex-M7) and it works
| well, although there are other issues with networking on
| CubeMX that are open.
| ralight wrote:
| The lowest spec device I've come across Mosquitto being used is
| a 180MHz MIPS processor on 32MB RAM, running Linux.
|
| Someone has recently taken the RSMB broker (from IBM
| originally) and ported it to the ESP32:
| https://github.com/DynamicDevices/picobroker I can't comment on
| what the limitations of that are though.
| detaro wrote:
| If you don't need it to scale crazily, yes. E.g.
| microcontrollers in nodes and then a local gateway as an
| embedded Linux system would not surprise me to see.
| rhodin wrote:
| We run a hosted version starting at $5/month [0]. We used to have
| a free version but it was too popular.
|
| [0] https://www.cloudmqtt.com/plans.html
| jasonvorhe wrote:
| In case someone's looking for a free MQTT service with the only
| constraints being client connection limits and bandwidth, check
| out HiveMQ Cloud: https://hivemq.cloud
| pmx wrote:
| We use cloudmqtt at work and we've been really impressed by the
| price and quality of the product. You made it not worth hosting
| our own instance!
| jayzym wrote:
| We use this for work and it's a pretty slick product. Please
| add support for MQTT 5.0, or shared subscriptions!
| jshier wrote:
| The free version was a great resource while developing MQTT
| clients a few years ago, sorry it was too expensive.
| rhodin wrote:
| If you are a library developer/maintainer we'd be happy to
| sponsor you with free subscriptions, contact us at
| support@cloudmqtt.com.
| bsmth wrote:
| I really like Mosquitto, I'd recommend it for quickly getting
| started hacking together IoT projects on the hobby / side project
| scale. One of our community (QuestDB) contributors put together a
| docker compose example that I thought was pretty nice for quick
| prototyping, could be convenient for someone here:
|
| https://github.com/shantanoo-desai/questitto
| EastOfTruth wrote:
| I used Mosquitto years ago for a few years and never had any
| issues with it...
| monkeydust wrote:
| Use Mosquitto on Windows server at home to transfer data from my
| energy smart meter to home assistant. Pretty rock solid and easy
| to diagnose issues via mqtt tools.
| bborud wrote:
| This project is exceptionally useful not only in itself but as a
| tool you can use during development. Software that can be
| controlled entirely from the command line without configuration
| files (unless you choose to) are very convenient.
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