[HN Gopher] ETH: $23M transaction fee sent to a miner
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       ETH: $23M transaction fee sent to a miner
        
       Author : BryanBeshore
       Score  : 147 points
       Date   : 2021-09-27 20:25 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (etherscan.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (etherscan.io)
        
       | tschwimmer wrote:
       | Details are scarce at this point but this is just another data
       | point suggesting that DeFi doesn't solve a real problem. Yes, the
       | existing financial infrastructure is slow and costly but in a
       | pretty good local maximum. Touted features of DeFi that are
       | arguably worse than what they're replacing:
       | 
       | 1. "Your contract is executed exactly as it is written! No
       | loopholes, no shenanigans!" Clearly this is a double edged sword.
       | Since code is a lot more complex than written human language,
       | expressing intent can be very difficult. In a regular contract,
       | if your counterparty figures out a clever way to cheat you out of
       | your money, you can sue them in court and the judge will very
       | likely tell them to give the money back and slap them with
       | damages too. Apparently in Ethereum Smart Contracts, you can
       | accidentally/inadvertently allow for a gas fee that 230x the
       | transaction value and there's literally nothing anyone can do for
       | you. 2. "No need for expensive lawyers/bankers!" True! But you
       | now need to pay expensive computer scientists to write/review
       | your contracts, who are probably at least twice as expensive as
       | the bankers. Oops. 3. "Not centralized! Don't be chained by
       | unjust government regulation!" True, but also probably not
       | optimal for 99.5% of people. Anyone who has been banned from
       | Venmo for making a North Korea joke knows how annoying AML/KYC
       | is, but by and large the regs (in the US at least) are written in
       | a way that protect the average joe and society as a whole.
        
         | herval wrote:
         | > Since code is a lot more complex than written human language,
         | expressing intent can be very difficult.
         | 
         | Isn't that the other way around? Natural language remains an
         | unsolved problem, and formal verification of software is pretty
         | much a requirement for compilers. Your example is evidence of
         | that: intent in natural language is easy to distort and hard to
         | prove, thus making it much more complex
        
           | Traster wrote:
           | Well let's put it this way - in natural language, we say
           | stuff and implicitly assume we've done our best to express
           | intent, but it may not be perfect (hence lawyers). In smart
           | contracts you express your intent into a contract and then we
           | pretend there was no intent. There is only the contract. And
           | that's a massive floor.
        
         | asciimike wrote:
         | James Mickens' "Blockchains are a bad idea" talk [1] is a great
         | explanation that discusses exactly that.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=15RTC22Z2xI
        
         | followLink wrote:
         | Hard to say if this satirical or not ("Etherium") but will
         | respond in good faith. 1. Same argument can be used in the
         | opposite way, you can verify the counter party will act as
         | expect, there is no need for costly litigation as backstop. 2.
         | An engineer reviewing a contract once will not be more
         | expensive than hiring a full time banker to review each
         | transaction or a lawyer to pursue a legal battle. 3.
         | Decentralization and regulation are not mutually exclusive.
        
         | jrm4 wrote:
         | 100%. I keep harping on the point that "smart contract" is such
         | a bad name for these things. A real-life contract is _not_ the
         | execution of the task(s) itself, it 's the legal recording and
         | reinforcement of the promise(s) made by the parties if/when
         | things go wrong.
         | 
         | Smart executor does sound pretty grimy though :)
        
           | unyttigfjelltol wrote:
           | In normal contracting the paper is the source code and you
           | need to find some real live people to be the compiler.
           | Sometimes it's everyday people, sometimes operations
           | professionals, developers, finance or legal personnel.
           | Ultimately you always can fall back on the court or
           | arbitrator as the ultimate compiler and interpreter. So,
           | different compilers maybe for smart contracts? ....
        
             | jrm4 wrote:
             | I'm trying to roll with you on this idea, but I can't help
             | but think that this is just a square-peg round-hole thing.
             | I am a (mostly non-practicing) lawyer; but I teach IT full
             | time.
             | 
             | Like "A.I," a lot of people dream about the idea of
             | revolutionizing or strongly improving on law via code, and
             | _I don 't see it happening, ever._ It's this well meaning
             | and seductive idea that we can leverage the superior power
             | of computery thought and ideas to "correct" the foibles of
             | humans -- but I think "human disputes" are too slippery to
             | be bound by code, and the beauty and triumph of "law" as a
             | system is that it too is slippery enough to manage it
             | reasonably.
             | 
             | To me it's strongly related to the complete layman fantasy
             | of "well, they should have just written the law more
             | clearly and everything would be fine."
        
               | unyttigfjelltol wrote:
               | Yes, and the reverse also is an interesting thought
               | exercise-- if this paper contract really _was_ a piece of
               | software, what would folks do to QA it, write it,
               | interpret it. I mean, paper contracts are written using
               | hopelessly buggy and ambiguous human languages
               | theoretically capable of so many non-harmonious
               | interpretations. The solution really is about friendly,
               | trusted compilers approaching the contracts from a
               | fundamentally cooperative direction. You write a contract
               | with your trusted partner on a napkin at dinner. And when
               | trust fails, courts interpret in an explicitly prosocial
               | way.
        
               | Beldin wrote:
               | Don't discount the capriciousness of the law's execution.
               | In many cases, being the right skin color and wealthy
               | comes across like a superpower compared to Joe Average.
               | I'd hazard a guess that many "use code for law" types
               | basically want to put Lady Justice's blindfold back.
               | 
               | That doesn't mean it's a good idea, nor that is bad. It
               | comes from good intentions, is all.
               | 
               | (Very aware that those can be used for paving certain
               | roads)
        
         | leppr wrote:
         | This accident actually proves the exact contrary. Despite these
         | obvious flaws, people are still using DeFi.
         | 
         | There must be something of value in there that you're missing.
         | And it's not speculation, as there are way better ways to
         | speculate in crypto than by using DeFi (shittokens, NFTs, ...).
        
           | tschwimmer wrote:
           | People inject heroin, drink liters of soda and gamble their
           | life savings away too, but none of that is evidence that
           | these are healthy or socially valuable activities.
           | 
           | My explanation of the prevalence of DeFi is that it's
           | currently at or near the peak of the hype cycle and there's a
           | ton of money to be made either by trying to legitimatize the
           | ecosystem or else via run of the mill pump and dumps.
        
           | roca wrote:
           | "There must be something of value in these tulip bulbs
           | because everyone is investing in them."
        
             | leppr wrote:
             | Investing != using.
             | 
             | https://cryptofees.info/
             | 
             | People pay tens of millions of dollars everyday to use
             | these on-chain platforms. They could avoid all those fees
             | if they just wanted to speculate on token prices by using
             | centralized exchanges, of which many have very lax KYC
             | requirements.
        
               | roca wrote:
               | I don't have a breakdown of what people are using
               | Ethereum for, but certainly a lot of those uses are stuff
               | like NFTs, i.e. implementing other purely speculative
               | assets. And there are lots of crypto startups using
               | Ethereum, whose money is sourced from a different kind of
               | speculation (er, "investment"). So again, it's not enough
               | to just point at activity and say "look, real value!"
        
               | leppr wrote:
               | I don't disagree that the vast majority of the activity
               | derives more or less indirectly from price speculation of
               | some sort. But the thing to note is that so much of it is
               | done on-chain instead of on centralized exchanges which
               | have comparatively negligible fees. At the very least
               | this proves the technologies themselves as suitable
               | platforms for speculation (vs simply being the _target_
               | of speculation). That 's already a big, legitimate and
               | very popular use case.
        
           | Lazare wrote:
           | Lottery tickets aren't a good investment, but people still
           | buy them.
           | 
           | It's certainly true that there is activity in the DeFi space,
           | and it's certainly _possible_ that this activity is because
           | DeFi is just so gosh darn amazing at solving people 's need
           | for basic financial products.
           | 
           | ...at least in theory. But if you're going to make that
           | rather extraordinary claim, I think you need to provide some
           | extraordinary evidence.
        
             | leppr wrote:
             | I'm disputing the logical conclusion from the facts at hand
             | that no real problem is solved, not providing a value
             | judgment about DeFi.
             | 
             | It's not an extraordinary claim but common knowledge in the
             | start-up investment land that when you see an ugly, flawed
             | product get an unexplained amount of engagement, you become
             | interested.
             | 
             |  _> Lottery tickets aren 't a good investment, but people
             | still buy them._
             | 
             | Lottery tickets solve the real problem of hopelessness
             | about improving one's financial situation through work. It
             | might not be a worthwhile investment in financial terms,
             | but it has its use just like entertainment media or
             | alcohol.
        
         | j_walter wrote:
         | Not just 23x...but 230x transaction value ($23M to send $100K).
         | Not to mention it was 7,700,000x the going rate for the other
         | transaction in that same block.
        
         | dilap wrote:
         | This might be a very naive question, but would it not be the
         | case that many contracts would be essentially similar in
         | nature? So while weird loopholes would exist at first, over
         | time there could be a large library of tried-and-true contracts
         | which could be applied to the situation at hand?
        
           | j_walter wrote:
           | You are correct and there is already a bunch of off the shelf
           | contracts that are basically plug and play...however it takes
           | little knowledge to actually publish said contract and a
           | small typo can either make the contact never accessible or
           | easily exploitable.
        
           | jonny_eh wrote:
           | Imagine a scenario where a popular contract is discovered to
           | have a serious flaw years down the line, and they can't be
           | patched.
        
           | ljm wrote:
           | That is arguably tending towards centralisation, as there
           | will then be a market of brokers that know which contracts to
           | suggest, and then there will be other places that will only
           | accept contracts from a known broker.
           | 
           | There will, of course, be the more expensive brokers that can
           | exploit loopholes, but even as a stretch this isn't vastly
           | different to a bank account in the Caymans.
           | 
           | Of course, you don't have to participate - you can hold the
           | 'cash' equivalent or concoct your own scheme, but you're not
           | as protected from loss as you otherwise might be (provided
           | there's an insurance package of sorts, in the absence of
           | regulation).
        
             | leppr wrote:
             | Smart contract code is open-source[1], so the
             | centralization you're talking about shouldn't be confused
             | with the (de)centralization of power people talk about when
             | they talk about the decentralized web or decentralized
             | finance. Circling around a small set of trusted open-source
             | technologies doesn't cause centralization of power, as we
             | can see with GNU/Linux, HTML/JS, ...
             | 
             | [1]: On many platforms smart contracts are stored in the
             | form of high-level interpreted languages. On Ethereum, the
             | blockchain stores EVM code (assembly), but contracts that
             | haven't "verified" their source, typically by uploading the
             | high-level code to etherscan.org, are seldom used (with
             | some notable exceptions).
        
               | ljm wrote:
               | I contend that it doesn't cause centralisation of _power_
               | , but centralisation and power are inevitable should the
               | project hit the mainstream, proper:
               | 
               | - GNU/Linux - GNU/Linux is open source but centralised.
               | The userspace is the part that is distributed, via
               | operating systems, and the source control is distributed,
               | via git. But it's all for one Linux kernel. You can also
               | build your own kernel, but that doesn't really make linux
               | 'decentralized'. Similarly, Linux for a lot of people
               | means 'Ubuntu'.
               | 
               | - HTML/JS - this is centralised under WhatWG/W3C, etc.
               | Arguably, these days, it's actually centralised under
               | Chrome, because what Chrome does eventually becomes the
               | spec. You can freely build your own implementations of
               | HTML and JS/Ecmascript but most likely, you are using the
               | centralised implementation via webkit, blink, or gecko.
               | 
               | So, the fact that smart contract is open-source doesn't
               | really mean anything. It'll grow big, then as a matter of
               | convenience it will start to consolidate. git, for
               | example, is decentralised, but git forges (github,
               | gitlab, etc.) provide centralisation as a convenience.
        
           | tschwimmer wrote:
           | The key difference (which is categorical) is that if there is
           | a latent bug in one of these contracts that goes unnoticed
           | and then gets exploited later, you're still out the money.
           | Intent doesn't matter.
           | 
           | There is essentially a 0% chance of such an outcome with a
           | regular contract (at least in US contract law). Intent is a
           | cornerstone of contracts in the real world. Just because
           | someone came up with a clever "exploit" doesn't entitle them
           | to rip you off. This is a very good thing.
        
       | cr15 wrote:
       | To those claiming that this is an example of crypto being a scam
       | / useless / unsafe:
       | 
       | I'd point out that if this is a case of incorrect data entry,
       | similar cases happen in traditional finance with some regularity,
       | and in the majority of those cases (e.g. someone sends a large
       | amount to the incorrect bank account), there is no legal recourse
       | to recover those funds and companies resort to asking nicely for
       | the money back (usually it works).
        
         | jonny_eh wrote:
         | > there is no legal recourse to recover those funds and
         | companies resort to asking nicely for the money back
         | 
         | Yes there is, there are courts. There's a long history of error
         | corrections being forced. That is if it's clearly an error.
         | 
         | https://www.ncconsumer.org/news-articles-eg/using-money-mist...
        
           | Smashure wrote:
           | Crypto is international. Courts are terrible with that
           | scenario.
           | 
           | Pretty hard for US courts to make a random person across the
           | globe give up their wallets.
           | 
           | Also, banks can be court ordered to hold funds. Crypto
           | doesn't have that.
        
         | handmodel wrote:
         | One important thing to note is that in traditional finance if
         | the money gets sent to person B, because person B hacked my
         | e-mail, there is an enforcement mechanism to get the money
         | back.
         | 
         | However, this is not as true for crypto. If I steal 5M from
         | your account and put it into mine then you can't get the money
         | back if I don't give up the key. And, while the state will
         | personally arrest you, they are going to be a lot less
         | likely/able to recoup any crypto.
        
           | mikeryan wrote:
           | There's an interesting court case on this going on now.
           | 
           | https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/08/man-robbed-
           | of-16-bitcoin...
        
       | p4bl0 wrote:
       | So, how do you cancel a transaction with such an obvious mistake
       | when it is recorded on a blockchain?
       | 
       | (This is a rhetorical question.)
       | 
       | EDIT: Why the downvotes? It's not okay to discuss the fact that
       | in the possibility of human error (assuming this is one, and not
       | a very wild --yet successful-- bet on a laundering attempt), the
       | incapacity to cancel transaction may be a problem?
        
         | brockwhittaker wrote:
         | You're getting downvoted because it's a longtime well-known
         | problem of the blockchain. The answer to your question is that
         | nobody can reverse the transaction or undo it. That's kind of
         | the point, for better or or for $23m worse.
        
         | _3u10 wrote:
         | You're pointing out an obvious major flaw with blockchain that
         | is a consequence of what many in the crypto community believe
         | to be an advantage, namely that your assets cannot be seized
         | without your private key.
         | 
         | Your post is basically this, but less humorous so people are
         | upset. https://xkcd.com/538/
         | 
         | So to answer your question, how you revert this transaction is
         | to buy $5 wrench and go have a conversation with the miner.
        
         | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
         | It's pretty easy to revert it: you fork the protocol. The ETH
         | guys already did this once, hence Ethereum Classic.
        
           | ricardobeat wrote:
           | The idea that the code maintainers get to decide which
           | transactions are valid or not is insane. Almost as insane as
           | saying an 'easy' fix is to arbitrarily fork the chain
           | undermining it's whole purpose.
        
             | ac29 wrote:
             | The new kingmakers are the stablecoins. Whichever chain
             | they decide to honor has a huge amount of economic weight
             | behind it.
             | 
             | How much of this economic weight is real, at least in the
             | case of Tether, is another story. I suspect we'll find out
             | in the next few years as regulation ramps up.
        
             | sgarman wrote:
             | I'm not defending anything here but adding context. It
             | wasn't JUST the "code maintainers." They made a proposal
             | and all of the nodes "voted" by opting in or out. A lot of
             | them opted out (Eth Classic) but majority usually wins in
             | these situations. Did certain entities have more influence
             | or power in this situation, yes 100%. Is that better or
             | worse then how it would play out in standard US finance
             | system? I'm not sure, you decide.
        
         | twa999 wrote:
         | if it's mined the only possible way would be to bribe the
         | miners to revert the blocks by paying even more (like time
         | bandit attack) or renting soooo much hashpower to create your
         | own fork.
         | 
         | If it's not included yet you need to send another transaction
         | with the same nonce that sends yourself 0 ether but with a
         | higher gas price asap, this is not a guarantee however because
         | the miner would probably still go with the transaction that is
         | more profitable for them and because the fee was so high it got
         | included in under 1 minute.
         | 
         | So once this transaction landed in the (public?) mempool it was
         | gg.
        
         | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
         | You can ask Buterik to roll it back for you. He did it once for
         | the DAO guys, so worth a try.
         | 
         | (Of course, that rollback also demonstrated that Ethereum is a
         | centralised coin with a controlling entity, and that 'code is
         | law' is just a lie, but that's another story)
        
         | cwkoss wrote:
         | Once it's recorded on the blockchain, there is no way to cancel
         | it.
         | 
         | If they are lucky, they may be able to reach out to the miner
         | and get a portion returned. Probably just tough luck though.
        
           | user-the-name wrote:
           | Unless you just get the devs to write it out of existence and
           | fork the chain.
        
         | MichaelApproved wrote:
         | I'm guessing you're also getting downvoted because sarcasm and
         | rhetorical questions and not great ways of starting meaningful
         | discussions.
        
           | system2 wrote:
           | Can't anyone ask question to HN Gods without fear of being
           | ridiculed? I am also curious about this myself.
        
         | Geee wrote:
         | You negotiate with the recipient of the transaction to return
         | the money.
        
           | andruby wrote:
           | The fee went to the miner, not the recipient of the
           | transaction. So probably an anonymous mining setup that has
           | little incentive to return $23M
        
         | exporectomy wrote:
         | Reversing transactions is massive problem in finance in
         | general. It causes losses for merchants in both physical shops
         | and online sellers because there's no objective measure of
         | whether a transaction was a mistake or not so it's begging to
         | be abused for fraud. Even if a court decides, somebody still
         | loses when both parties had different expectations. People have
         | overpaid wages or social welfare payments taken back from them
         | after they already assumed it was correct and spent it, and are
         | now in a big debt. People accidentally sign contracts that
         | require them to pay more than they expected. There's fraud
         | where people buy an item online, then claim they never received
         | it and get their payment refunded while keeping the item.
         | 
         | Here's an example of traditional finance screwing someone over
         | for making an obvious mistake. Where's this ability to reverse
         | transactions when you need it?
         | https://www.livemint.com/opinion/online-views/a-fascinating-...
         | 
         | You're assuming there's some benevolent God who can arbitrate
         | who's right and who's wrong. In reality, people get screwed by
         | bad payment reversal decisions all the time and there's no
         | objective way to decide in every case.
        
           | midev wrote:
           | > You're assuming there's some benevolent God who can
           | arbitrate who's right and who's wrong
           | 
           | Literally nobody assumes this. Please don't invent strawmen.
           | 
           | The point is, even with all the failings of the courts,
           | different interpretations of language, and every other flaw,
           | it's still better than having no recourse at all.
           | 
           | > There's fraud where people buy an item online, then claim
           | they never received it and get their payment refunded while
           | keeping the item.
           | 
           | And of course, the blockchain solves none of this. It just
           | makes rectifying the problem far more difficult.
        
           | p4bl0 wrote:
           | Not in _every_ case, for sure. But _many_ cases are pretty
           | easy to arbitrate. This one for example: when the transaction
           | fees 230x greater than the transaction amount, it is fair to
           | assume that is was not meant to be that way. If I loose my
           | credit card and /or it gets stolen, and someone uses it in
           | the time between when I declare I lost it and when it is
           | blocked, my bank is required by law to refund me (and I guess
           | my bank attempts to get their money back too, but that's not
           | really my problem).
           | 
           | Also:
           | 
           | > There's fraud where people buy an item online, then claim
           | they never received it and get their payment refunded while
           | keeping the item.
           | 
           | A blockchain can't solve that kind of problems. And it never
           | will. It is not because something is written on a blockchain
           | that it is true, _except_ for cryptocurrencies because that
           | is how they _define_ truth. But as soon as you have something
           | happen in the real-world (in your example, an item sent in
           | exchange for a payment), then a blockchain is useless, or at
           | least, it is not any more useful than any type of ledger.
        
           | yyyk wrote:
           | >Here's an example of traditional finance screwing someone
           | over for making an obvious mistake. Where's this ability to
           | reverse transactions when you need it?
           | 
           | It still exists, and note that the case did reach a court. It
           | just happens that the beneficieries were also owed that
           | money, and that allowed them to win the subsequent lawsuit:
           | 
           | https://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2021/02/24/how-the-
           | litig...
        
           | roca wrote:
           | It's inevitable that transactions made in error cause
           | problems for the sender or receiver or both, but it is still
           | better to have a human judge scrutinize the case with the
           | ability to impose a more reasonable outcome than the status
           | quo, than to have no such recourse. The position of defi fans
           | that it is _better_ to have no such recourse is ludicrous.
           | 
           | Your example is a good one: that particular case was
           | carefully scrutinized by the court and the judge decided that
           | the outcome was reasonable, mainly because the creditors who
           | received the money were owed the money. If the outcome was
           | obviously unreasonable, e.g. Citibank had simply sent $1B to
           | some random address, of course the judge would have reversed
           | it.
        
         | elif wrote:
         | it varies from coin to coin.
         | 
         | in limited cases you can perform another operation which makes
         | the preceding operation illegal.
         | 
         | in normal cases, not being able to cancel is the entire point
         | of the technology.
        
       | fwip wrote:
       | > The transaction was a smart contract interaction with the
       | amount of tether sent to one wallet before being passed along to
       | Deversifi's wallet. It used the newly implemented EIP-1559 type
       | of transaction, which was designed to make Ethereum fees easier
       | to predict.
       | 
       | From https://www.theblockcrypto.com/post/118753/bitfinex-just-
       | spe...
       | 
       | More and more, it is revealed that that majority of actors in
       | crypto are either incompetent, scammers, or both.
        
       | etamponi wrote:
       | Can someone please explain to me how this is possible and what is
       | the miner supposed to do if they don't have all those Ethers?
        
         | rictic wrote:
         | The miner received those ETH, nominally in exchange for their
         | services validating transactions.
         | 
         | Previous situations like this have been the result of the
         | transaction author (or their software) making a mistake.
        
         | kingo55 wrote:
         | They probably mixed up their spent output with the fee output.
         | It happens from time to time and some miners are happy to send
         | the funds back. But it'll be interesting to see what happens in
         | this case when it's $23m.
        
           | csomar wrote:
           | That's the case for Bitcoin but ETH doesn't have
           | inputs/outputs.
        
         | 0x000000001 wrote:
         | Someone submitted a transaction with incorrect parameters
         | allowing this to happen and the miner got a $23m tip as a
         | result
        
           | threevox wrote:
           | Seems more like fraud/money laundering, from what I can tell
        
             | pandemicsyn wrote:
             | Ignoring the already public statements that have already
             | been made by the Bitfinex and co, and the fact that a large
             | transactions like this is guaranteed to trigger folks in
             | the community to poke at the transaction, I'm curious what
             | leads you to believe that its a money laundering attempt?
        
         | collectedparts wrote:
         | Think of ETH fees as more or less an auction. When you submit a
         | transaction to the Ethereum network, you're hoping it will be
         | mined as soon as possible. Miners select which transactions to
         | include based on the miner fee.
         | 
         | The minimum miner fee that is required for a transaction to be
         | processed promptly is therefore constantly an open question /
         | constantly changing, which gives rise to services like
         | https://ethgasstation.info/ which attempt to tell you how much
         | you should reasonably expect to pay.
         | 
         | In terms of how today's outcome is possible: when you are
         | submitting a transaction, any amount of ETH that you have on
         | your account could validly be spent as the fee.
         | 
         | So in this case, either by human error or a software bug,
         | someone with a large amount of ETH in their balance essentially
         | spent all of it on the transaction fee.
         | 
         | The miner _gets_ all of those ETH. So some lucky miner just got
         | a huge spike in profit.
        
       | ivalm wrote:
       | $23m transaction fee for $100k transaction?
        
         | BiteCode_dev wrote:
         | I assume money laundering
        
           | elif wrote:
           | If it were money laundering, they would have not broadcast
           | the transaction.
           | 
           | In this case, the transaction was broadcast to the mempool
           | before it was mined.
        
           | nprz wrote:
           | How would you know which miner would pick up this transaction
           | and process it?
        
             | CydeWeys wrote:
             | You privately send it to the colluding miner; you don't
             | publicly broadcast it.
        
               | t0mas88 wrote:
               | That would be visible to those that save the full
               | protocol state / interactions but probably invisible to
               | almost anyone else.
               | 
               | And you could even broadcast it after you know the miner
               | already solved a valid block with it but before they
               | publish it.
        
             | hiq wrote:
             | You don't have to propagate the transaction to other
             | miners.
        
             | BiteCode_dev wrote:
             | I don't know, but it's an unlikely mistake to make, and
             | they have a lot of know how in the business. I expect them
             | to know something we don't about the protocol, and setup
             | things in a way that they get the money with plausible
             | deniability.
        
             | jraedisch wrote:
             | Maybe do not publish the tx and be the only one including
             | it in potential blocks until successful.
        
           | brazzy wrote:
           | How is anything "laundered" in that scenario as opposed to
           | simple sending the money as the transaction content?
        
             | pvarangot wrote:
             | It's not. This is like not subtle at all, there's a lot of
             | real time monitoring on fees to decide the optimal one for
             | your transactions. If this was not a mistake and it's
             | really someone trying to hide the 23m transaction, they
             | just didn't know what they were doing. A normal transfer
             | would have been sneakier.
        
       | zionic wrote:
       | This is likely money laundering via inclusion of an offline
       | transaction.
        
         | elliekelly wrote:
         | I keep seeing people blaming money laundering but I've yet to
         | come across anyone even attempting to explain _how_ the money
         | laundering would theoretically work? Is there a way to
         | manipulate or influence which miners get with transactions?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | chucknthem wrote:
           | Yeah seems like a luck of the draw for the miner to happen to
           | find the right hash to mine the block when this transaction
           | happened.
           | 
           | Very risky way to launder 23M.
        
             | SXX wrote:
             | How much GPU capacity can you rent on GCloud / AWS / Azure
             | / Oracle Cloud / IBM at once? You only gonna need it for a
             | few minutes since blocks for ETH mined every 15 seconds.
             | 
             | Someone should be able to do the math of how much $ it's
             | gonna cost.
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | Miners get to choose what transactions make it into their
           | block. Instead of broadcasting the transaction to the
           | mempool, the sender could send it directly to the miner who
           | could hold onto it and included it only once they'd mined a
           | block successfully.
           | 
           | Not sure I think it's likely, though - could have just been a
           | user miskeying something.
        
             | klntsky wrote:
             | They could have spitted the number between several TXs to
             | avoid attention.
        
             | repomies69 wrote:
             | Laundering is the process of making dirty looking money
             | legit. This isn't particularly good way to do that. When
             | the miner sells the $23 million, it isn't hidden to the
             | normal income because the amount is so large. They have
             | explain it to their financial service providers who will
             | request explanations. Their investigative team will easily
             | do blockchain analysis and find the transaction. If the
             | sending address is in any way connected to the miner, the
             | "scheme" will be bust.
             | 
             | I don't think there is any money laundering going here. The
             | point of money laundering is to raise as little attention
             | as you can, and that is not happening here. Weird
             | transactions and income makes you just more suspicious.
        
               | leppr wrote:
               | It's possible to set this up in a way that gives them
               | plausible deniability (by broadcasting the transaction
               | publicly after the colluding miner confirmed it has a
               | block), so this could have been a way to repay debts with
               | funds that aren't legally/technically allowed to be used
               | in this way.
               | 
               | I do doubt that explanation though, as $23 millions is
               | nothing for Bitfinex and any of their execs could get
               | this amount from personal funds if it was really needed.
        
               | eurasiantiger wrote:
               | The big move covers the small move.
        
             | Imnimo wrote:
             | I don't know exactly how ETH works, but it seems like with
             | bitcoin there could be a risk like this:
             | 
             | You send your huge-fee transaction secretly to your co-
             | conspirator miner. They start trying to include it in their
             | blocks, and eventually get one (call this block X). But now
             | your transaction is not a secret anymore, and so another
             | large miner can decide to keep trying to mine off of block
             | X-1, but including your transaction. If they can outpace
             | your miner (maybe by spinning up extra compute), they will
             | produce a longer chain in which the $23M goes to them
             | instead of your intended recipient.
             | 
             | It seems like a very large mining fee would change the
             | incentives that are supposed to keep miners all working on
             | the same chain.
        
           | csomar wrote:
           | Sure. You make the transaction but only send it to your
           | friend the miner. When he gets a block, he includes your
           | transaction.
        
             | SXX wrote:
             | This is not how it work though. When mining is on the way
             | your transaction should already be included. What miner can
             | do though is to never publish your transaction unless he
             | got a block and fairly certain that he'll be the first.
             | 
             | Also if miner has target to get so high fee he can easily
             | spend few millions to increase their mining capacity for a
             | short burst, etc.
        
           | SXX wrote:
           | > Is there a way to manipulate or influence which miners get
           | with transactions?
           | 
           | Some cryptocurrency nerds can correct me if I wrong, but
           | AFAIK yeah. If miner is your friend you can sent privately to
           | him in advance signed transaction that need to be secretely
           | included in a block. Then you can only distribute the
           | transaction itself over network after that miner already
           | started to mine block with said transaction.
           | 
           | TBH I have no idea if it's possible to get block included on
           | chain if it's had "secret" transactions in it, but for
           | certain it's possible for one miner to start work on block
           | with said transaction few seconds earlier than others. There
           | is still risk that someone else will mine it though.
        
             | shawabawa3 wrote:
             | Yes you can send private transactions directly to miners,
             | they never have to be broadcast at all except in the mined
             | block
        
           | bidirectional wrote:
           | I feel like we need some common name to refer to the
           | persistent phenomenon of basically everything being called
           | money laundering in online comment sections.
        
             | eurasiantiger wrote:
             | Or maybe we need to do something about the rampant money
             | laundering.
        
               | leppr wrote:
               | Putting transactions on a verifiable public ledger might
               | be a start.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | humaniania wrote:
         | Is embezzlement a form of money laundering?
        
       | progbits wrote:
       | Looks like the miner returned significant portion back.
       | 
       | Here is the block, showing a reward of 7678ETH:
       | https://etherscan.io/block/13307440
       | 
       | From that 7676ETH was the fee by Bitfinex (see OP).
       | 
       | And here (around 10 hours later) is a transaction from the miner
       | giving back 7385ETH to Bitfinex:
       | https://etherscan.io/tx/0x85294effd53126b3bfa9e7f655267e00ac...
       | 
       | Wonder if they talked or just decided to do this as a show of
       | good will. Either way, still kept around $800k so not a bad deal.
        
         | bjt2n3904 wrote:
         | How much of this is... "Return it or we break your legs"?
         | 
         | I'd be significantly concerned about coming into $27 mn, even
         | if (according to the laws of Medes and Persians and smart
         | contacts) it was mine to rights.
         | 
         | There's "I hate you $1,000 much", and "I hate you $1,000,000"
         | much. I should be able to manage the first. The second? Not so
         | much.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | notJim wrote:
       | There's a bit of context on this Bloomberg article
       | https://archive.is/dnT51. Claims it was a mistake.
        
       | BitwiseFool wrote:
       | Wait a minute, aren't transactions fees supposed to be "burned"
       | after the last hardfork? What am I missing?
       | 
       | Edit: Trying to determine if this is a bug or just a
       | misunderstanding on my part.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | There is a fee that's burned, but I think sending a fee to the
         | miner as well is still there.
        
       | mgraczyk wrote:
       | What's most incredible to me is that the sender has $1.4B in ETH:
       | 
       | https://etherscan.io/address/0x742d35cc6634c0532925a3b844bc4...
       | 
       | Just a few more zeros, and this could have been a company-ending
       | mistake. Bitfinex should probably reduce the size of their hot
       | wallets.
        
         | leppr wrote:
         | Bitfinex/Tether is probably the single richest entity in
         | crypto. A $1.4B loss would not be close to "company-ending" for
         | them.
        
       | bob229 wrote:
       | Blockchain is trash and useless
        
         | 404mm wrote:
         | Sadly, it's not useless.
         | 
         | I wish this whole concept of conversion natural resources into
         | virtual currency went to hell.
        
         | jonny_eh wrote:
         | Worse, it's dangerous and damaging.
        
       | dh4h45b4 wrote:
       | Well...you won't see that happen in Bitcoin ever.
        
       | ryanSrich wrote:
       | So many people calling this money laundering. The miner sent most
       | of it back already
       | https://twitter.com/cryptocobain/status/1442611045021913089?...
       | 
       | HN irrationally loves to hate crypto.
        
         | mcnichol wrote:
         | This right here. It was one of the few ways in BTC where you
         | could launder it and completely break the flow.
         | 
         | Then there was monero and it seemed to scratch the itch a
         | little easier
        
       | ortusdux wrote:
       | Previous discussion:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28672247
        
       | kevinlst wrote:
       | Damn, I'm getting scared of crypto now. Will took some of my
       | money lol
        
       | fanzhang wrote:
       | Crazy. Was this just the result of a typo? Perhaps not,
       | considering:
       | 
       | - The transaction sender set both the max total fee and the max
       | priority fee to above 10 million. Most UIs require at least two
       | manual setting changes to do this.
       | 
       | - The sender is Bitfinex -- they're pros and not just a mon and
       | pop.
       | 
       | Maybe it could just be a transfer from the sender to whoever the
       | miner is...
        
         | jazzyjackson wrote:
         | My guess is Integer VS Float.
         | 
         | Take a typical $23 transaction fee, which comes out to
         | ~0.00775756 ETH
         | 
         | Of course, everyone knows you don't want to do math as floating
         | point, you want to use an integer representation. 1 ETH can be
         | divided into 1e18 "Wei" or 1e9 "GigaWei".
         | 
         | So that 23 USD could be expressed an an integer "7757560", with
         | the expectation that the decimal point would get moved 9 points
         | <- thataway to become 0.00775756 ETH
         | 
         | If somewhere in your code you do some kind of money formatting
         | that turns 7757560 GWEI into 7757.56 ETH, you've got your
         | $23,000,000 USD mining fee.
        
           | ajsharp wrote:
           | you win HN today, jazzy
        
           | quotemstr wrote:
           | My position for ages now has been that it was a mistake to
           | make floating point types first-class primitives in most
           | programming languages. Integers and rationals should be the
           | go-to types for most code most of the time. If you _really_
           | need a IEEE float, you should reach into a library to get it.
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | I think you mixed up the problem. Had they used floats they
             | would have got a small rounding error, not a 23 million
             | loss.
        
             | kevinpet wrote:
             | Well, this isn't very strong support for that position,
             | because Ethereum doesn't support floating point, and yet
             | here we are.
        
               | jonny_eh wrote:
               | > Ethereum doesn't support floating point
               | 
               | The software that interacts with it does.
        
             | mhh__ wrote:
             | So all companies will automatically include the float
             | library and thus nothing will change
        
         | klntsky wrote:
         | Not everyone uses UIs. It might be a typo in some custom code.
         | Can happen with anyone.
        
       | nathanvanfleet wrote:
       | Why is everyone saying this isn't a shady trade when the person
       | who got the $23m is a weird person with a pseudonym in thailand
       | and fueled Brexit? Is it because that guy seems on the level?
        
         | elif wrote:
         | wait who was the miner? that's quite the claim to make
        
         | ethanbond wrote:
         | Well this happened in a context where fraud and shadiness are
         | essentially the norm, and strict adherence to letter of
         | contract (not intent) is somehow seen as a virtue.
        
         | mikeryan wrote:
         | It seems in the latest update that the funds were returned via
         | another transaction.
        
       | mirekrusin wrote:
       | Somebody was in a rush to get tx included, I hope they didn't
       | wait too long, respect.
        
         | throwdecro wrote:
         | I guess the $23M fee was something that the market could bear.
        
         | eurasiantiger wrote:
         | Is it perhaps the only way to make sure the transaction ends up
         | in the correct miner's block?
        
       | joshka wrote:
       | Replace with actual news, rather than just the source data.
       | 
       | https://www.theblockcrypto.com/post/118753/bitfinex-just-spe...
        
         | jldl805 wrote:
         | "replace with a secondary source, rather than the primary
         | source."
         | 
         | It's fine you share this but you're acting like you're doing
         | people a favor by removing them one step from the actual data.
        
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