[HN Gopher] John Stossel sues Facebook for allegedly defaming hi...
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       John Stossel sues Facebook for allegedly defaming him with fact-
       check
        
       Author : temp8964
       Score  : 167 points
       Date   : 2021-09-24 17:24 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.hollywoodreporter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.hollywoodreporter.com)
        
       | xqcgrek2 wrote:
       | NYTimes versus Sullivan needs to be overturned. It was decided in
       | an entirely different era where yellow journalism was an
       | exception rather than the rule.
        
       | perihelions wrote:
       | Opinion based on disclosed facts is protected speech [0]. Hard to
       | be defamatory when the facts under dispute (the text of Stossel's
       | post) are public.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.rcfp.org/two-courts-reaffirm-protections-
       | opinion...
        
         | xondono wrote:
         | To use that defense, Facebook would have to label their fact
         | checks as opinions, something that AFAIK they do not.
        
           | throw_m239339 wrote:
           | > To use that defense, Facebook would have to label their
           | fact checks as opinions, something that AFAIK they do not.
           | 
           | Cause these "fact checks" ARE opinions and Facebook should
           | start labelling their own "fact checks" as "Facebook
           | opinion". The cowardice of that system as well... like
           | Facebook can be an arbiter of truth at first place? They are
           | trying to have their cake and eat it too, by still profiting
           | from content they deem "falsehoods" while trying to get off
           | the hook regarding mass media critical of Facebook.
        
       | rasengan0 wrote:
       | "In other words, to the question of whether a user was defamed
       | through the announcement that content failed a "fact-check," this
       | Delaware court didn't see a problem."
       | 
       | John Stossel, defamed? Who is that fool? What a fall from 20/20
       | TV entertainment days.
        
         | mplewis wrote:
         | In his own words: "Give me a break!"
        
       | varelse wrote:
       | Before they were against an unregulated free market they were
       | certainly for it...
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | > Libel is a method of defamation expressed by print, writing,
       | pictures, signs, effigies, or any communication embodied in
       | physical form that is injurious to a person's reputation, exposes
       | a person to public hatred, contempt or ridicule, or injures a
       | person in his/her business or profession. [0]
       | 
       | This is interesting as it seems that platforms like Twitter and
       | Facebook have avoided liability through Section 230 for content
       | posted on their websites as the platform did not create the
       | content.
       | 
       | However, now that they seem to be automatically "fact-checking"
       | and/or otherwise creating content with people as subjects, the
       | platforms may be opening the door to liability.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/libel
        
         | eli wrote:
         | That assumes anything they did was actually libelous which
         | is... unlikely.
        
           | justinlink wrote:
           | Claiming a journalist makes "false claims" and is
           | "misleading" could be injurious to their reputation as a
           | journalist. Which would hurt them in their business or
           | profession.
           | 
           | It's not a slam dunk for him by any means, but I can
           | understand why he filed.
        
             | tssva wrote:
             | Ironically John Stossell has actually been caught making
             | false and misleading claims previously. He had to know
             | filing this would bring those episodes back up, so I don't
             | know why he filed.
        
               | eli wrote:
               | Same reason Trump filed so many pointless libel suits. So
               | that we would talk about them.
        
             | eli wrote:
             | The bar for libel is high in the US. Something could be
             | false, misleading and injurious to reputation and not be
             | libel. Particularly if the person in question is a public
             | figure, which is defined very broadly.
        
         | myfavoritedog wrote:
         | What's the difference between creating content directly vs
         | fine-tuning what content is available on your platform through
         | automatic and manual moderation rules that promote some
         | messages and curtail others?
        
         | newacct583 wrote:
         | That's... not what 230 is about at all. This myth just recycles
         | itself again and again. Why do people insist on repeating it?
         | 
         | Section 230 immunizes a web content company from liability for
         | statements made _ON ITS SERVICE BY THIRD PARTIES_ (to wit: you
         | can 't sue Facebook for what its users say on it).
         | 
         | No one here thinks Facebook is immune to a liability claim for
         | its own speech. No one is invoking 230 to defend it. 230 is not
         | applicable. Why do people keep insisting it's some kind of
         | boogeyman that can be "revoked" to get "big tech" in line? It
         | doesn't apply here.
        
         | lmilcin wrote:
         | That is interesting.
         | 
         | So... basically we are waiting until they get their fact
         | checking wrong against a wrong person?
         | 
         | This must happen eventually.
         | 
         | But you could argue that so many public persons openly lie and
         | even declare that "they can lie to public since they are not
         | under oath", that it is hard to punish a company that tries to
         | do right by fact checking a lot of falsehoods. It is reasonable
         | to assume that when you correct a million falsehoods you will
         | make some mistakes.
        
           | ttyprintk wrote:
           | Certain famous persons are expected to lie, so it wouldn't
           | injure their reputation in the way that (the above)
           | defamation is defined. A politician, for example, might
           | pursue such a case only for publicity.
        
           | thugthrasher wrote:
           | To be clear, if it's a public figure, then just getting the
           | fact checking wrong is not enough to be defamation. There has
           | to be "actual malice" which BASICALLY just means they knew
           | they were wrong or should have known they were wrong. If they
           | can show that they were just following the information that
           | was publicly available then they can make mistakes without
           | losing a lawsuit.
        
         | wpasc wrote:
         | Wow, this is a great point that I hadn't previously considered.
         | These platforms can even conceivably get away with content
         | removal more easily as ToS violations without stepping over the
         | line to become publishers. But if one considers a fact-check as
         | its own content, then that may become a defining point in a
         | future ruling or examination of 230.
         | 
         | I imagine there's a great case to be made that fact checks are
         | platform sponsored content (if a fact check is viewed as an
         | analysis of the content along with verdict [ie. "Misleading"],
         | easy to view that similarly to the plethora of analysis content
         | [reviews, summaries, etc] populating all social media
         | platforms). I'm fascinated to see how this will play out.
        
           | cronix wrote:
           | > But if one considers a fact-check as its own content, then
           | that may become a defining point in a future ruling or
           | examination of 230
           | 
           | I believe that is why they, and other platforms in a similar
           | position, use 3rd party "fact checkers." To try to legally
           | skirt that. "It's not _our_ content /fact check, it's from
           | this unbiased third party. Don't look at us." They seem to
           | have borrowed "plausible deniability" from some 3 letter
           | agencies since it legally works well for them.
           | 
           | > To fight the spread of misinformation and provide people
           | with more reliable information, Facebook partners with
           | independent third-party fact-checkers that are certified
           | through the non-partisan International Fact-Checking Network
           | (IFCN). Since we do not believe that a private company like
           | Facebook should be the arbiters of truth, we rely on fact-
           | checkers to identify, review and rate potential
           | misinformation across Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp. Their
           | work enables us to take action and reduce the spread of
           | problematic content across our apps.
           | 
           | https://www.facebook.com/journalismproject/programs/third-
           | pa...
        
             | temp8964 wrote:
             | Do Facebook pay for those "third-party" "fact-checks"?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | I doubt they'd need to: the third parties get traffic and
               | prestige from participating
        
           | ch4s3 wrote:
           | There is no platform/publisher distinction in the law.
           | Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act of 1996 [1] was
           | originally meant to be a carve out to allow websites to host
           | comment sections without being considered the "speaker" of
           | those comments and thereby being subjected to the speech
           | restrictions in the rest of the law. The rest of the law has
           | since been struck down.
           | 
           | When people are mad about 230, what they're really mad about
           | is the 1st Amendment.
           | 
           | Is Facebook the speaker when it applies a fact check? Maybe
           | but it doesn't matter much with respect to 230 offers minimal
           | protection beyond the 1st Amendment. And as others have
           | stated, the bar for libel against public figures is VERY high
           | in the US.
           | 
           | [1]https://www.eff.org/issues/cda230
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | > When people are mad about 230, what they're really mad
             | about is the 1st Amendment.
             | 
             | Exactly. Facebook are exercising their 1A rights to call
             | him misleading. This is not complicated.
        
               | ch4s3 wrote:
               | Yeah the whole 230 discussions is at best naive and at
               | worst a cynical attack on 1A rights by no nothing dead
               | enders and authoritarian leftists. The same coalition
               | that brought you the drug war, the satanic panic, and the
               | global war on terror.
        
         | cblconfederate wrote:
         | There are some infamous blog posts that will tell you that 230
         | protects websites no matter what happens. But when bad things
         | happen and the law protects bad actors, then it's a bad law.
        
           | danShumway wrote:
           | The current case doesn't really have anything to do with
           | Section 230 that I can see. Section 230 protects Facebook
           | from being sued for what other people post on their website.
           | It doesn't impact content that they themselves create. If
           | Facebook publishes an illegal blog post or attaches its own
           | content... I mean, it would at least need to make a case that
           | it wasn't making the fact check itself, that this was an API
           | or something.
           | 
           | I'm not sure if they could pull that off or not. But in any
           | case, Section 230 has never been a blanket law that says
           | websites can't be sued for anything. It shields them from
           | liability for 3rd-party content, that's it.
           | 
           | Realistically, the reason this lawsuit is probably going to
           | fail is because it doesn't look like the fact check in
           | question is actually defamation. I'm not a lawyer, maybe
           | Stossel will surprise me. But my immediate take is that I
           | think he has a weaker case than Owens', and her defamation
           | claims got pretty solidly rejected, and not for any 230
           | reasons.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > The current case doesn't really have anything to do with
             | Section 230 that I can see.
             | 
             | It does. Though _NY Times v. Sullivan_ maybe has more to do
             | with it, and the basic definition of defamation may have
             | the most do with it.
             | 
             | > Section 230 protects Facebook from being sued for what
             | other people post on their website. It doesn't impact
             | content that they themselves create.
             | 
             | Facebook's fact-check annotation facility, like its
             | newsfeed, is, as I understand it, algorithmically-driven
             | promotion of third-party submitted content.
             | 
             | It is not, in any case, first-party content (well, I mean
             | the actual standarized portion of the annotation that links
             | the article to the thing fact-checked is, but its
             | association with a particular bit of content is driven by
             | the third-party submission.)
             | 
             | > Realistically, the reason this lawsuit is probably going
             | to fail is because it doesn't look like the fact check in
             | question is actually defamation.
             | 
             | That's the most likely reason why it will fail against the
             | creator of the fact check article. It's failure against
             | Facebook os overdetermined.
        
               | djoldman wrote:
               | I'm interested as to whether the courts would consider
               | this fact checking content as Facebook's or a third-
               | party's. If the third party did not explicitly cause the
               | content to be put in this specific "fact check" area, did
               | they create it for the purpose of libel?
               | 
               | Going to an extreme: if Facebook pays Acme Fact check for
               | some text that says "John is a bad lawyer" and facebook
               | then posts that text on John's page, isnt Facebook liable
               | whether or not they actually created the text? The text
               | wasn't posted by Acme, it was posted by FBook.
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | My bad, I didn't realize that Facebook's fact-checking
               | worked that way, I thought this stuff was an in-house
               | decision just using 3rd-party sources to help inform it.
               | Thanks for the correction.
               | 
               | Given that information, I should revise: Section 230
               | _will_ protect Facebook from liability for a 3rd-party-
               | driven fact check, but even if it didn 't this still
               | doesn't look like it rises to the level of defamation for
               | Facebook. So even if Section 230 was repealed, Facebook
               | would still likely win this case (although Section 230
               | applicability will probably allow them to dismiss it
               | faster).
               | 
               | I don't want people to think that this is obviously
               | defamation, but Section 230 happens to be blocking
               | Facebook from consequences. This being 3rd-party content
               | makes Facebook's position much stronger, but I still
               | think they would most likely win this case even if
               | Zuckerberg himself had labeled the article as misleading
               | under the direction of Facebook's board.
        
           | Nasrudith wrote:
           | Rights protect everyone - including bad actors. Any
           | definition of a bad law that includes rights as such is
           | euphemistically referred to as a "different understanding".
           | 
           | Does nobody remember Blackstone's Principles these dats in
           | their zeal to collect scalps? A good law is one which does
           | not punish innocents - that should be where the lines are
           | always drawn.
        
             | cblconfederate wrote:
             | 230 is not a right, it's a special exception afforded to
             | some businesses, and not to others (newspapers). i dont
             | think it should be held that highly. It was a temporary
             | measure to help the internet grow, now the internet IS the
             | media of mass manipulation
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >230 is not a right, it's a special exception afforded to
               | some businesses
               | 
               | Yes, section 230 is not a right. But it is afforded to
               | _everyone_ [0]:
               | 
               |  _There is nothing in Section 230 that applies solely to
               | big tech. Indeed, it applies to every website on the
               | internet and every user of those websites. That means it
               | applies to you, as well, and helps to protect your
               | speech. It 's what allows you to repeat something someone
               | else said on Facebook and not be liable for it. It's what
               | protects every website that has comments, or any other
               | third-party content. It applies across the entire
               | internet to every website and every user, and not just to
               | big tech._
               | 
               | [0] https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20200531/2332544461
               | 7/hello...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | Whether the content is third-party or first-party is
               | nowadays the same in the eyes of the end user. They 'll
               | believe a moderated story on facebook or a moderated
               | story on nytimes.com with almost equal frequency.
               | Technicalities of the law aside, why the first is more
               | equal then the other is baffling to me
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >Whether the content is third-party or first-party is
               | nowadays the same in the eyes of the end user.
               | 
               | Is it? As an end user, I am acutely aware that the above
               | is from "cblconfederate" and not Hacker News.
               | 
               | >They 'll believe a moderated story on facebook or a
               | moderated story on nytimes.com with almost equal
               | frequency.
               | 
               | The question isn't whether or not "they" (whoever "they"
               | might be) believe it, the question is "Who is the
               | _source_ of the story. "
               | 
               | If I say that you are a wife-beating, child-molesting,
               | puppy-kicking monster, do you assume that Hacker News is
               | responsible for that?
               | 
               | Once you answer that question, perhaps you'll understand
               | things a little better.
               | 
               | Edit: Added context.
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | > If I say that you are a wife-
               | 
               | If you sent the content to a newspaper and they posted it
               | in the relevant section the newspaper would be liable.
               | Those things aren't as distinct as they were made to be.
               | 
               | What i had in mind is the fact that on facebook you have
               | a mix of posted newspaper articles (which are first-party
               | elsewhere and thus someone may be legally liable for
               | them) along with official/governmental first parties,
               | politicians, heads of state, scientists , and random
               | users most of which cannot be legally challenged, at all.
               | And this is done intentionally because facebook has made
               | great effort to get its users to read / post news
               | articles so as to make itself a news source. Plus they
               | apply filters and annotation to give the false impression
               | that the information they provide is the "correct one".
               | This is "publishing via moderating"
               | 
               | I think 230 makes a very basic ontological distinction
               | between "people whose opinion matters/has impact and
               | therefore must be regulated (press)" and "people whose
               | opinion doesnt matter (random users)". That is not so.
               | This allows malicious actors to hide behind "i'm just a
               | user".
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >If you sent the content to a newspaper and they posted
               | it in the relevant section the newspaper would be liable.
               | Those things aren't as distinct as they were made to be.
               | 
               | You ignored the point. Which is _I_ am responsible for
               | what _I_ say, regardless of where it 's published online,
               | not the platform that hosts my words.
               | 
               | >What i had in mind is the fact that on facebook you have
               | a mix of posted newspaper articles (which are first-party
               | elsewhere and thus someone may be legally liable for
               | them) along with official/governmental first parties,
               | politicians, heads of state, scientists , and random
               | users most of which cannot be legally challenged, at all.
               | And this is done intentionally because facebook has made
               | great effort to get its users to read / post news
               | articles. If it was just user posts people would have
               | left.
               | 
               | Who says that "official/governmental first parties,
               | politicians, heads of state, scientists , and random
               | users" can't be legally challenged?
               | 
               | All section 230 does is keep you from suing the third
               | party. You can sue any or all of the folks you mention
               | every day of the week and twice on Sundays (okay,
               | probably not at all on Sundays, as most civil courts in
               | the US are closed on Sunday, but I trust you take my
               | point).
               | 
               | >These assymetries no longer make sense imho. This is a
               | new era where everyone, personally is a publisher.
               | 
               | And you can sue anyone and everyone for defamation if you
               | wish. I'm sure your lawyer will absolutely adore you if
               | you do. Just make sure that retainer check doesn't
               | bounce!
               | 
               | >I think 230 makes a very basic ontological distinction
               | between "people whose opinion matters/has impact and
               | therefore must be regulated (press)" and "people whose
               | opinion doesnt matter (random users)".
               | 
               | Actually, Section 230 makes no such distinction. If you
               | are the party making the statement, Section 230 does not
               | apply. Please see here[0] for more details.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20200531/2332544461
               | 7/hello...
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | filmgirlcw wrote:
         | But 230 wouldn't even come into this discussion because the
         | standard of libel for Stossel, as a public figure, is
         | significantly higher. He has to prove that Facebook/the fact
         | checkers had actual malice in stating its claims. Meaning, the
         | Facebook/fact checkers had to be intentionally lying or acting
         | in reckless disregard for whether the statement was true or
         | not.
         | 
         | It's a more interesting situation if he wasn't a public figure,
         | but even then, I doubt Facebook would be the one deemed
         | responsible for the so-called libel, it would come down to the
         | fact checked. In fact, in the similar Candace Owens lawsuit
         | (which the court threw out), she sued USA Today and the fact-
         | checking company, not Facebook. And her claims were still
         | thrown out, both because she couldn't show there was actual
         | malice involved or that the claims that her statement was
         | "false" was untrue. That opinion is here:
         | https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21068070-owens Owens is
         | of course a public figure, but that wasn't even a large part of
         | the reason her lawsuit was thrown out on its face.
         | 
         | Stossel is getting press time by suing but he's a public figure
         | and suing Facebook because a fact checking service elicited an
         | opinion/notation that didn't have the nuance he wanted is
         | laughable.
        
           | JPKab wrote:
           | The fact checking services are wrong, a LOT. They are not
           | ideologically neutral, particularly the ones used by
           | Facebook.
           | 
           | For a specific example of the abusive and censorious nature
           | of this business model, see Glenn Greenwald's recent article
           | on the subject, specifically in regards to the blanket
           | denunciation of the New York Post's Hunter Biden laptop story
           | as Russian disinformation. Greenwald isn't a right-wing hack,
           | and in fact he is aggressively pro-Palestinian, anti-war, and
           | has been a loud critic of Bolsonaro despite being a resident
           | of Brazil.
           | 
           | https://greenwald.substack.com/p/new-proof-emerges-of-the-
           | bi...
           | 
           | Edit:
           | 
           | Yes, a parade of downvotes without any refutations. Pay no
           | attention to the fact that the guy in charge of censoring and
           | fact checking operations at Facebook is a lifelong Democratic
           | Party operative who literally worked for the Democratic House
           | Majority PAC, and before that Senator Barbara Boxer, before
           | going to work for Facebook.
           | 
           | https://www.linkedin.com/in/andy-stone-7575b34a
        
             | justinzollars wrote:
             | I'm receiving downvotes too, but keep sharing your thoughts
             | with details! I provided a life experience based on
             | changing political parties, and people obviously aren't
             | comfortable that they have created an illiberal web.
        
             | gorwell wrote:
             | Narrative violation detected. -4 applied to your social
             | credit score. Have a good day, comrade.
        
           | shkkmo wrote:
           | > Stossel is getting press time by suing but he's a public
           | figure and suing Facebook because a fact checking service
           | elicited an opinion/notation that didn't have the nuance he
           | wanted is laughable.
           | 
           | Really? From his filing it sounds like Stossel has explicit
           | evidence that the fact checkers admitted that he didn't make
           | any false claims and still refused to correct their speech.
           | 
           | We'll see if that counts as "deliberate malice" or no, but it
           | does seem to be a case with much stronger claims than Owens'
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | On the other hand, from the evidence presented in the
             | filing I would guess Facebook _didn 't_ act with deliberate
             | malice; some automated or sound-bite-level manual system
             | caught a bit of the video that did make a false statement
             | and hit the label button. (I haven't seen the original
             | video, but from what I have read I don't think it could be
             | done without a "some people believe X but they're wrong"
             | style statement, X being the false statement.)
             | 
             | So the question is, does Facebook's gross incompetence at
             | fact-checking satisfy the negligence part of the malice
             | definition?
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | he s a journalist, like the fact-checkers, no? how does
           | 'public figure' work? So, it's like a barber libeling another
           | barber?
           | 
           | (btw it's ridiculous to call them 'fact-checkers' -- all
           | journalists are factcheckers, some are good some bad)
        
             | smoe wrote:
             | In news organizations fact-checkers are separate roles or
             | department to independently check the statements made by
             | journalists in their work. It's an additional layer. Same
             | as there are grammar and style checkers although journalist
             | can write correctly, some better some worse. And
             | journalists work is not limited to checking facts alone.
             | 
             | At least that was the case before the checkers started to
             | get fired to save cost because online you can easily change
             | errors after publication.
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | in this case the fact-checkers are acting as journalists,
               | though i dont know where that distinction lies. Otherwise
               | , facebook would look very much like a news organization
               | with a fact-checking team
        
             | filmgirlcw wrote:
             | He's a famous person who has been a prominent television
             | anchor, his being a journalist has nothing to do with it.
             | 
             | The definition of public figure is nebulous, and sometimes
             | it can even be argued a regular person becomes a "limited
             | purpose public figure" if they are involved in a public
             | controversy.
             | 
             | Stossel isn't even an argument because again, he used to
             | host 20/20 on ABC and has been a broadcaster for 30 some
             | odd years. He's a public figure. But using a real world
             | example, I'm not famous, but by any legal standard, I would
             | be considered a public figure because I have a Wikipedia
             | page, I'm verified on every major social network, I've
             | appeared on television, and I'm recognized as a prominent
             | person in the various industries that I have worked in. I
             | know this, not because I've ever wanted to sue someone for
             | libel or defamation, but because there have been a few
             | isolated incidents where I received harassment/death
             | threats/rape threats via my work addresses (which obligates
             | me to report them to law enforcement), and the amount of
             | fucks police in the US are willing to give about idle
             | threats to public figures are almost zero. I'm generally OK
             | with this (I have only ever reported threats when I've been
             | required to do so my company policy), but it is what it is.
             | 
             | Even taking legal protections out of it and just looking
             | policy enforcement, according to Facebook's terms of
             | service, people can call for my death on their platform,
             | provided they don't tag me. But if someone says, "Christina
             | Warren should just die already," that's completely fine
             | according to Facebook's own terms of service, because they
             | consider me a public figure. Now if someone directly tags
             | me, that may or may not be harassment, but even though
             | Facebook isn't the same as legal requirements, it shows
             | their own rules are different for public figures.
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | how is this public figure thing relevant when facebook is
               | a public figure itself ? Isn't it actively damaging the
               | journalist's reputation. So it would be OK if e.g. CNN
               | claimed that "scientists say that iphones cause heart
               | attacks"
        
               | filmgirlcw wrote:
               | Assuming a scientist actually said that, that would be
               | fine. CNN doesn't need to fact-check the scientists
               | statement. Now, if evidence comes out that iPhones don't
               | cause cancer and CNN refuses to mention that there are
               | refutations or disputes about that OR if CNN finds out
               | affirmatively that those claims are false (the scientist
               | admits they lied or retracts their statement) and doesn't
               | issue an on-air clarification or retraction (and if it
               | was found that the scientist admitted to lying, that
               | would almost certainly necessitate a retraction), CNN
               | could be sued for defamation. That's actually essentially
               | what Dominion and others are doing with their lawsuits
               | against Fox News and Newsmax and OANN.
               | 
               | You're not wrong that there could be a damage done to the
               | public figure/journalist's reputation. There could. But
               | on the basis of New York Times vs Sullivan (a landmark
               | Supreme Court decision and one of the most important
               | first amendment cases), that doesn't outweigh the free
               | speech rights of the press. Moreover, the public figures
               | by their nature, have more access and ability to respond
               | to a defamatory claim, because they gave their own
               | platform and reach. That's why the standards of actual
               | malice and reckless disregard are so high.
               | 
               | This is from a website with a very good definition of
               | libel law (https://www.freedomforuminstitute.org/first-
               | amendment-center...):
               | 
               | > The different standards exist because public figures
               | are at the center of matters of public concern-matters
               | that the press should report on as part of its "watchdog"
               | role on the government. If journalists could be punished
               | for every error published about a public figure, they
               | might avoid reporting on controversial subjects that
               | concern the public. The public would lose access to
               | crucial information. > > Also, public figures generally
               | have greater access to the media in order to counter
               | defamatory statements, and to a certain extent seek out
               | public acclaim and assume the risks of fame.
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | yeah i m talking about the case when it's a lie (which is
               | what stossel claims). Also it seems the case you mention
               | applies to public officials or people running for office,
               | which doesnt seem to be the case here
        
             | xxpor wrote:
             | It's highly fact specific.
             | 
             | "Determining who is a public or private figure is not
             | always easy. In some instances, the categories may overlap.
             | For example, a blogger who is a well-known authority on
             | clinical research involving autism may be considered a
             | public figure for purposes of controversies involving
             | autism, but not for other purposes. "
             | 
             | https://www.dmlp.org/legal-guide/proving-fault-actual-
             | malice...
        
               | filmgirlcw wrote:
               | This is correct, but by any standard or definition,
               | Stossel is a public figure. He's a television host (and
               | was a correspondent and then co-anchor for one of the
               | biggest newsmagazine programs in the US), he's been an
               | author, a syndicated columnist, he's won 19 Emmys. He's
               | an incredibly famous libertarian (I would argue he was
               | probably the most prominent libertarian commentator in
               | the media until he left television). He's a public
               | figure. The fact that he's on this website with a
               | headline that includes his name is proof that he's a
               | public figure.
               | 
               | But yes, it can be very fact specific.
        
           | Aerroon wrote:
           | While this might not work in the US, it might work elsewhere.
           | Other countries have legal protections for platforms from
           | their users too, but that usually have lower standards for
           | proving defamation of public figures than the US.
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | >acting in reckless disregard
           | 
           | Negligence is a motive. Considering the influence facebook
           | has a compelling argument could be made on the chilling
           | effects of a "sleepy code writer".
        
           | tschwimmer wrote:
           | I feel like the malice standard makes libel essentially
           | impossible to prove in the US. Are there any cases where
           | malice has been proven? I imagine they would have had to look
           | at private conversations by the accused indicated that they
           | really didn't like alleged victim or something.
        
             | phrz wrote:
             | "Actual malice" is a confusing term for a layperson because
             | it doesn't mean what it sounds like. It doesn't mean "not
             | liking" the plaintiff. Instead, it is the defendant's
             | knowledge or reckless disregard of the statement's falsity.
        
         | burkaman wrote:
         | Facebook is careful about this. On the fact check in question,
         | Facebook only says "Missing Context" and "Independent fact-
         | checkers say this information is missing context and could
         | mislead people." Only if you click through to the independent
         | site do you see a specific claim labeled as misleading:
         | https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/climate-change-fores...
        
           | temp8964 wrote:
           | If Facebook paste "this information is missing context and
           | could mislead people" under every single post/story, it would
           | still stand true but it would be bad for the business.
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | That's true, I guess, but we're discussing legal issues
             | here. I think that would still be legal even though it
             | would be dumb.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | If they were to do it to every post, they probably
               | wouldn't be libeling anyone, but if they do it
               | selectively, I think they may be guilt of libel.
               | 
               | As an example, imagine that Yelp or AngelList posted
               | "beware: this business may be perpetuating a fraud". If
               | they did it to every business, it would be a general
               | warning, not singling it out; but if they did it to a
               | small proportion of businesses, and it turned out that
               | many of the 'targets' were not committing fraud, it would
               | be libel.
        
               | edmundsauto wrote:
               | Only if there was evidence of malice.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | It seems like there would be evidence of willful
               | blindness, which is more or less equivalent to malice.
        
               | edmundsauto wrote:
               | This is probably not up to the legal standard, but I
               | suspect you know that. There are valid reasons to not
               | support big tech, but is this case really one that you
               | want to advocate?
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | I don't have anything in particular against 'big tech',
               | but this (Facebook) case does seem like an example of
               | (enabling) libel via willful blindness to me. I also
               | think Yelp and other sites are close to, or past that
               | line as well (in how they enable extortion of many small
               | businesses by fraudulent 'reviews').
               | 
               | Merriam-Webster defines "Willful Blindness" as:
               | 
               | > _" deliberate failure to make a reasonable inquiry of
               | wrongdoing (as drug dealing in one's house) despite
               | suspicion or an awareness of the high probability of its
               | existence"_
               | 
               | The case law would also appear to go against Facebook: ht
               | tps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_re_Aimster_Copyright_Litig
               | a...
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | So he then proceeds to sue the fact-checkers. There is
           | definitely liability here from which social media have been
           | shielded so far
        
             | shkkmo wrote:
             | The fact checker is included in the lawsuit.
        
         | mwcremer wrote:
         | Apparently not? See 'If you said "Once a company like that
         | starts moderating content, it's no longer a platform, but a
         | publisher"' here:
         | https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20200531/23325444617/hello...
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | they dont need to be a publisher to be sued for defamation
        
             | mwcremer wrote:
             | I suppose that depends on whether the courts agree that
             | "flagging" is a form of original content, and is
             | defamatory.
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | i wonder if the courts take into account how things have
               | changed since 230 became law
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >i wonder if the courts take into account how things have
               | changed since 230 became law
               | 
               | One would hope that the courts follow the law. Anything
               | else would be inappropriate, don't you think?
        
           | fortuna86 wrote:
           | Via proprietary and non-transparent algorithmic content
           | recommendation engines, they have all been publishers for a
           | while now.
        
             | mwcremer wrote:
             | FTFA: _To be a bit more explicit: at no point in any court
             | case regarding Section 230 is there a need to determine
             | whether or not a particular website is a "platform" or a
             | "publisher." What matters is solely the content in
             | question. If that content is created by someone else, the
             | website hosting it cannot be sued over it._
        
         | hartator wrote:
         | Yes, it seems pretty obvious they are free to fact check if
         | they want to but they also become responsible of all these new
         | fact check contents they push.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | iszomer wrote:
       | Aren't fact-checkers another semantic for censors?
        
         | president wrote:
         | Fact check: While it's true that oftentimes fact-checkers use
         | carefully crafted semantic arguments and an appeal to authority
         | to validate or invalidate certain claims to sway opinion, they
         | do not perform any censoring themselves.
         | 
         | My favorite is this one, quoted directly from Snopes:
         | 
         | > Hillary Clinton used a hammer to smash her mobile phone
         | during an FBI investigation.
         | 
         | > What's True: One of Hillary Clinton's aides told the FBI that
         | on two occasions he disposed of her unwanted mobile devices by
         | breaking or hammering them.
         | 
         | > What's False: Hillary Clinton did not personally destroy her
         | phone with a hammer.
         | 
         | Source: https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/hillary-clinton-
         | smash-phon...
        
           | scohesc wrote:
           | Lying by omission is the nastiest, dirtiest, disgusting-est
           | (lol) type of lying and misdirection.
           | 
           | It's the worst because the people that do it know they're
           | doing it and they know they're doing it to hide the truth in
           | a weaselly-worded way.
        
           | readams wrote:
           | This sort of thing is sadly very frequent. The thumb is
           | definitely on the scales. Fact checkers show their bias not
           | only in things like this where they bend over backwards to
           | say something is false, but also in what they choose to fact
           | check.
        
         | kmonsen wrote:
         | No, fact checkers gives data and hopefully sources and explain
         | why a statement is believed to be true or false. The original
         | statement can still be seen.
         | 
         | Censoring usually completely removes the statement with usually
         | no justification (perhaps national security or whatever).
         | 
         | Not saying this is the case here, but in general these days
         | (mostly?) right wingers completely mistake what censorship
         | means. It seems like someone ignored my opinion is the new
         | standard on censorship.
        
           | justinzollars wrote:
           | > Not saying this is the case here, but in general these days
           | (mostly?) right wingers completely mistake what censorship
           | means. It seems like someone ignored my opinion is the new
           | standard on censorship.
           | 
           | You should create a separate twitter, and tweet moderately
           | conservative ideas, and see what happens to that user, and
           | your experience.
           | 
           | I have the unique life perspective of changing political
           | parties from Hillary Clinton (Elected DNC Delegate) ->
           | Libertarian based on my life experience in San Francisco, and
           | personal perception that my original thoughts may have been
           | wrong.
           | 
           | The way I'm treated on Twitter is entirely different. My
           | comments, while not angry or aggressive, or extreme, find
           | themselves hidden below the fold. When just a few years ago
           | they were highlighted and never hidden. Trends I'm not
           | interested in are suggested, I provide feedback to the AI and
           | they are still suggested. I hide terms and they are
           | highlighted. It is very Amorphous, but I suspect there is a
           | machine learning categorization behind the scenes. It's more
           | than coincidence.
        
             | justinzollars wrote:
             | ^ and of course, downvoted. This community isn't very
             | friendly anymore.
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | In theory a fact checker is a censor that can only censor
         | content found to be not true.
         | 
         | A regular censor can remove content for any reason, most
         | commonly because it violates community standards or is
         | politically inconvenient for the people in power.
         | 
         | This distinction is important so calling fact checkers a censor
         | is potentially misleading.
        
           | iammisc wrote:
           | Censors only censor content found to be not true by their
           | political operatives. Do you honestly think there has even
           | been a government filled with bureaucrats maliciously
           | censoring what they themselves believe are truth? What kind
           | of comically evil villain do you think were censors in other
           | regimes?
           | 
           | After reading and hearing what Americans think about
           | censorship, I am forced to conclude a significant portion of
           | the population believes that -- so long as someone doesn't
           | look like a childhood disney villain -- they're probably a
           | noble person with noble goals and noble results.
        
         | MrZongle2 wrote:
         | It's soft censorship with extra steps.
        
       | frozenlettuce wrote:
       | Opinions can't be fact-checked. You can only fact-check stuff
       | that is objective (and the percentage of objective stuff in news
       | is 0)
        
         | kmonsen wrote:
         | In my opinion that is obviously false and extremely silly. So
         | if a news channel says for example the 49ers lost and another
         | won there is a fact there and it is in the news. Similar for
         | budgets, elections etc. Most of news are facts. Plane went
         | missing, new shooting etc.
        
         | iammisc wrote:
         | Absolutely, but calling the man with the opinion a misleader is
         | defamation.
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | Can he sue in the UK for a higher probability of success than the
       | US
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | rdtsc wrote:
       | It seems "Independent Fact Checkers" simply parrot whatever other
       | mass media outlets say regardless of facts.
       | 
       | Facebook gets to say "look, someone else verified it", knowing
       | that "someone else" here thinks and acts accordingly. If they
       | don't they probably get fired and replaced.
       | 
       | Given that this about 2020 California fires, I suspect this had
       | to do with Trump or someone from his administration blaming
       | forest management. And then, naturally, most of the media made
       | fun of that and quickly went to debunk it, including the
       | aforementioned "Independent Fact Checkers". Had Stossel waited a
       | year, and applied the article to the 2021 fires, the fact
       | checkers might have given him a pass.
        
         | grayhatter wrote:
         | > simply parrot whatever other mass media outlets say
         | regardless of facts.
         | 
         | bias aside, are you asserting that generally mass media news is
         | more lies than truths?
        
         | BitwiseFool wrote:
         | "Independent Fact Checkers" is a rhetorical persuasion play. If
         | you think about it, what does "Independent" actually mean? Does
         | it really matter if a cohort of "fact checkers" aren't owned by
         | the same conglomerate when they are cut from the same
         | ideological cloth?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | bob229 wrote:
       | Facebook is trash. Delete it now
        
       | pharmakom wrote:
       | I was once a fan of Stossel as a more mainstream libertarian
       | voice. However, the segment he did where he slept rough for one
       | night to "prove" that homelessness wasn't so bad after all was so
       | deeply offensive to me that I haven't viewed any of his content
       | since.
        
         | philovivero wrote:
         | I personally know a guy who was homeless for over 15 years. He
         | would soundly agree with Stossel's take. His opinion is... if I
         | can attempt to summarise in a few words, that homeless people
         | nearly universally choose that lifestyle, and if you ever give
         | them a 100% guaranteed way out of it, they will run the other
         | direction as fast as they can. I suggest you re-think your
         | opinion of Stossel based on that segment.
        
           | spywaregorilla wrote:
           | A quick google suggests that his opinion is strictly
           | incorrect and its a myth.
           | 
           | The largest reason for homelessness is addiction.
        
           | throw_m239339 wrote:
           | > I personally know a guy who was homeless for over 15 years.
           | He would soundly agree with Stossel's take. His opinion is...
           | if I can attempt to summarise in a few words, that homeless
           | people nearly universally choose that lifestyle, and if you
           | ever give them a 100% guaranteed way out of it, they will run
           | the other direction as fast as they can. I suggest you re-
           | think your opinion of Stossel based on that segment.
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | > that homeless people nearly universally choose that
           | lifestyle,
           | 
           | I'm sorry but I can't really let that slide. A lot of
           | homeless people aren't homeless because they chose that
           | lifestyle and your anecdote doesn't change that fact. A lot
           | of homeless people (roughly half of them) have serious
           | psychological issues that make them barely able to function
           | normally in society, this is why a significant number of war
           | veterans are homeless. Don't make me started on people of all
           | sorts or people that are unable to have a home because of
           | their history (former criminals, illegal aliens, ...).
           | 
           | https://www.bbrfoundation.org/blog/homelessness-and-
           | mental-i...
           | 
           | Few people would chose that lifestyle willingly, certainly
           | not "universally".
           | 
           | I slept rough 2 times in my life, in dangerous places, and it
           | was already bad, I can't imagine having to do that for months
           | or years.
        
             | barbacoa wrote:
             | Anecdote warning:
             | 
             | My experience living in a city with a non-trivial homeless
             | population is most homeless -- at least the visible ones --
             | are predominantly able-body young men (and increasing women
             | too) in their 20-30s. We're not talking factory workers who
             | got laid off after 15 years due to outsourcing. They strike
             | me more like urban, drug addled version of Chris McCandless
             | from 'into the wild'.
             | 
             | Of course this experience may not reflect other regions.
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | That claim is beyond ignorant. I'd suggest reading up on the
           | topic beyond individual anecdotes. There are hundreds of
           | organizations dealing with that topic so there is more than
           | enough information out there you can learn from. I recommend
           | searches like
           | https://duckduckgo.com/?q=study+reasons+for+homelessness to
           | get started.
        
       | cwkoss wrote:
       | Seems good for society that Stossel will be taking this to court.
       | 
       | Relevant quotes from article: "According to Stossel's complaint
       | (read here), he published on Facebook a video titled "Government
       | Fueled Fires," where he took on "sensational media reporting
       | about a so-called 'climate apocalypse,' and explored a scientific
       | hypothesis ... that while climate change undoubtedly contributes
       | to forest fires, it was not the primary cause of the 2020
       | California fires.""
       | 
       | "[On facebook] Further information told readers: "Claim --
       | 'forest fires are caused by poor management. Not by climate
       | change.' Verdict: misleading.""
       | 
       | If Stossel never said "Not by climate change", and then Facebook
       | falsely attributed that statement to him and rated it false, they
       | certainly seem guilty of defamation.
        
         | KorematsuFredt wrote:
         | I have seen the video and it is pretty sensible and definitely
         | helps the debate around the fire. Either ways what caused fires
         | is far from settled, the fact that climate change has anything
         | to do with it is also disputed "fact".
        
           | burkaman wrote:
           | I would recommend reading the fact check as well to get a
           | full sense of what happened here.
           | 
           | https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/climate-change-
           | fores...
           | 
           | https://climatefeedback.org/responding-to-stossel-tv-
           | video-o...
        
             | cwkoss wrote:
             | This doesn't effectively refute Stossel's claims in my
             | opinion.
             | 
             | To claim Stossel was being misleading, they'd need to
             | successfully argue that climate had a greater impact than
             | forest management practices. This rebuttal article only
             | "This is at odds with the majority of wildfire scientists,
             | who suggest that both are major factors in driving the
             | changes we are seeing".
             | 
             | This is an NPO whose full reason to exist is to increase
             | climate awareness, so I'm sure they don't like the idea
             | that climate wasn't the primary factor, but I don't see a
             | good argument for why we should consider climate the
             | primary factor vs forest management.
             | 
             | Their rebuttal reads like someone scrambling after their
             | hand was caught in the cookie jar overstepping their
             | bounds.
             | 
             | EDIT (to reply because max thread depth): "They are
             | rebutting the claim that climate change is not a factor at
             | all, which Stossel does claim in his video" - What? I
             | watched the video - you linked it. He absolutely did not
             | claim "climate change is not a factor at all" - he
             | explicitly said that it IS a factor it just isn't the main
             | one.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | They did not say at any point that climate change is the
               | primary factor. They are rebutting the claim that climate
               | change is not a factor at all, which Stossel does claim
               | in his video (although the fact check was not written to
               | specifically address that video). Stossel also says that
               | climate change has made things worse, but the fact that
               | his video contradicts itself does not make the fact check
               | invalid.
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | > To claim Stossel was being misleading, they'd need to
               | successfully argue that climate had a greater impact than
               | forest management practices.
               | 
               | No. _Stossel_ would need to prove that forest management
               | practices had a greater impact than climate change, and
               | that the fact checkers knew that, and that they
               | deliberately lied.
               | 
               | You don't have to prove that you're correct if someone
               | sues you for defamation. The standards for defamation are
               | a lot higher than that.
               | 
               | To take this a step further, they don't even need to
               | prove Stossel actually made that claim. The fact that a
               | reasonable person could interpret Stossel as having made
               | the claim that climate change was not a contributing
               | factor (evidenced by multiple scientists chiming in that
               | they felt the label was appropriate) would be enough of a
               | defense.
               | 
               | Finally, they probably don't even need to prove that they
               | thought Stossel made the claim, because calling someone
               | misleading or saying that their statements are missing
               | context likely doesn't rise to the level of defamation
               | regardless of any of the above points.
        
               | pstuart wrote:
               | Stossel saying "sensational media reporting about a so-
               | called 'climate apocalypse'" reads to me that he's a
               | climate denier and his reporting was to enforce that (and
               | double down on his favorite hate: "government").
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | I want to make it really clear though; it doesn't matter
               | whether or not Stossel is a climate denier, it's still
               | probably not defamation. The fact checkers don't need to
               | prove that Stossel is a climate denier.
        
               | onepointsixC wrote:
               | The phrase "climate apocalypse" comes from his interview
               | of Michael Shellenberger, a pro nuclear environmentalist.
               | Shellenberger's core points aren't climate denial, but
               | instead optimism that we as a species will prevail
               | against the challenges posed by climate change, and that
               | the apocalyptic rhetoric of some environmentalists hurts
               | that effort.
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | _Stossel complains that we should not have rated his post
             | using a claim review of a quote that does not appear in his
             | video. This is a misunderstanding of how fact-checking
             | partners operate on Facebook. Given that many pieces of
             | content posted on Facebook can separately make the same
             | claim, it is not necessary to create a separate claim
             | review article for each post we rate. It is, of course,
             | necessary that the claim we reviewed is representative of
             | the claim in each post we rate, which is true in this
             | case._
             | 
             | https://climatefeedback.org/responding-to-stossel-tv-
             | video-o...
        
             | readams wrote:
             | It's pretty scary that an advocacy organization gets to be
             | an "independent" fact checker. The ones that are at least
             | nominally independent definitely show their biases but this
             | is really egregious.
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | they're unaffiliated which makes them independent but why
               | are you concerned about them being an advocacy
               | organization? do you think that means they're going to
               | lie or have a vested interest in misrepresenting the
               | truth?
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Why do you call them an advocacy organization?
        
             | temp8964 wrote:
             | The responses are laughably long. If John Stossel made
             | false claims, a few paragraphs should be sufficient. If you
             | need to write two full length articles to explain what
             | happened, you don't get to label other people as
             | false/misleading.
        
               | d4mi3n wrote:
               | While I don't disagree that the responses may be
               | overlong, I think it harms your argument to criticize the
               | format of the response rather than the content.
               | 
               | If we're to have productive discourse, we must all act in
               | good faith and look at opposing arguments with the most
               | charitable interpretation reasonably possible, otherwise
               | we risk arguing against an interpretation of viewpoint
               | that others may not have or agree with.
               | 
               | EDIT: having looked closer at the fact check website
               | referenced, most of the length seems to be from
               | references to research and expert testimony. The actual
               | rebuttal is indeed a paragraph or two at the very top of
               | the page.
               | 
               | Is the presentation of the data here your primary
               | objection?
        
               | temp8964 wrote:
               | Long is not about format. The content has to be long.
               | This means simple label is wrong. This is a very easy
               | point in my previous comment.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | It was not labeled as false, it was labeled as missing
               | context, and this is the context. You can see the label
               | here: https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=1
               | 015712197...
        
         | hackcasual wrote:
         | > If Stossel never said "Not by climate change"
         | Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
         | 
         | Libel in the US requires more than just inaccuracy, it looks at
         | the substantial truth. So "not by climate change" vs "not only
         | by climate change" is irrelevant for establishing libel
        
           | hartator wrote:
           | I think the big red "Misleading" is the libel.
        
             | hackcasual wrote:
             | Misleading is opinion though, which in the US can never be
             | libel
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | never is a strong word but even so I could prove
               | something is misleading making it an objective assessment
               | which wouldn't be covered under opinion exclusive.
        
         | microtherion wrote:
         | > Seems good for society that Stossel will be taking this to
         | court.
         | 
         | It's good for society that he's taking somebody to court with
         | ample resources to defend themselves against this utterly
         | frivolous lawsuit.
         | 
         | "Disagreeing with an easily triggered blowhard" is not
         | actionable under US law. And, much as you might think it
         | _should_ be in this particular case, I suspect you would find
         | that libel laws more favorable to plaintiffs (as they exist,
         | e.g. in the UK) would often be used against people with whose
         | political views you are sympathetic.
        
           | dimgl wrote:
           | Stossel is far from an easily triggered blowhard.
        
         | coding123 wrote:
         | "Misleading" seems to be the current politically motivated way
         | to handle the fact checker's tie to either liberal or
         | democratic politics. A fact check should be either true or
         | false.
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | His shtick is to express a contrarian viewpoint on anything and
         | everything. It was mostly harmless 40 years ago. Now it feeds
         | into right wing trolldom and he's notably cozied up to his new
         | core audience. I wouldn't value anything he does these days.
        
           | fortuna86 wrote:
           | Being contrarian on climate change is just as bad as being a
           | denier, both result in inaction and increase the
           | consequences.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | kenjackson wrote:
         | That is simply not substantial enough to win a libel case. This
         | is like someone saying "McDonald's hamburgers are the worst"
         | and then someone else saying, "you said McDonald's hamburgers
         | aren't good". You never said that -- in theory the worst
         | burgers could still be good, but it's not an unreasonable take
         | given no other additional context. The libel is simply not
         | substantial enough.
        
         | beebmam wrote:
         | >If Stossel never said "Not by climate change", and then
         | Facebook falsely attributed that statement to him and rated it
         | false, they certainly seem guilty of defamation.
         | 
         | This is strictly, legally false in the US. What you have
         | described here does not satisfy the legal definition of
         | defamation. It will get thrown out in court immediately.
         | 
         | Here are the qualifiers for speech to be considered defamation:
         | 
         | To prove prima facie defamation, a plaintiff must show four
         | things: 1) a false statement purporting to be fact; 2)
         | publication or communication of that statement to a third
         | person; 3) fault amounting to at least negligence; and 4)
         | damages, or some harm caused to the person or entity who is the
         | subject of the statement.
         | 
         | and here's a relevant Supreme Court ruling that further
         | restrains what can be considered defamation:
         | 
         | In The New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964), the
         | Supreme Court held that for a publicly-known figure to succeed
         | on a defamation claims, the public-figure plaintiff must show
         | that the false, defaming statements was said with "actual
         | malice." The Sullivan court stated that"actual malice" means
         | that the defendant said the defamatory statement "with
         | knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of
         | whether it was false or not."
         | 
         | Source: https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/defamation
        
           | xondono wrote:
           | > This is strictly, legally false in the US.
           | 
           | GPs point is the only one that's in question (covers your
           | point 1), the rest should be straightforward to prove:
           | 
           | 2- it appears on Facebook
           | 
           | 3- they have appointed themselves as fact checkers and
           | supposedly review the video. They have full access to it as
           | does anyone.
           | 
           | 4- the difference between this and other view counts on the
           | platform should be enough.
        
             | _jal wrote:
             | This seems to get awfully close to making disagreement
             | actionable.
             | 
             | If I claimed "xondono's understanding of the law is
             | incorrect", should that be a cause of action?
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | if HN placed a [liar] badge next to their username, would
               | that be a cause for action?
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | No, not for the word "liar".
               | 
               | Defamation laws in the US are narrow. Insulting someone,
               | calling their character into question -- that's not
               | defamation. Even technically factual statements can be
               | shown to be not defamation if the context shows they were
               | not meant to be taken literally. The word "liar" is very,
               | very unlikely to ever rise to that standard.
               | 
               | This is also why Stossel's claim is likely to fail. It is
               | very hard to argue that the label "misleading" is a
               | provably false statement of fact.
               | 
               | IANAL, but if you're hoping for Stossel to win, you
               | probably shouldn't hold your breath.
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | Ok, [lies]
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | No, still probably not. People call each other liars all
               | of the time both online and in real life. You still need
               | to connect this to some kind of intent, you still need to
               | show that the instance of "you're lying" demonstrates a
               | reckless disregard for truth.
               | 
               | In American courts that is a very, very hard bar to clear
               | -- particularly if the target is a public figure.
        
               | filmgirlcw wrote:
               | No. You would have to find the fault amounted to at least
               | negligence (meaning your claim was made baselessly and
               | without any thought or consideration at all). Simply
               | being incorrect isn't enough, you have to be incorrect
               | and have been wholly and completely negligent about
               | making the statements.
               | 
               | Xondono would also have to show they were damaged and
               | harmed by the statements, which would be difficult to
               | prove.
               | 
               | If a newspaper falsely said that someone (let's use a non
               | public figure in this example, as there is a different
               | standard for public figures, making defamation more
               | difficult) was a child molester, that in and of itself
               | isn't instantly defamation, even though the person can
               | easily show they have been harmed and damaged. You would
               | need to show that the newspaper did zero or near zero due
               | diligence into making the claim, meaning they were
               | negligent. If there was evidence supporting the fact that
               | someone was a child molester (even if the claim was
               | untrue), that could show there wasn't negligence
               | involved. It very well might be libel, but it wouldn't be
               | assured.
               | 
               | This is one reason it is important to say things like
               | "alleged" or " in my opinion." So if I said, "in my
               | opinion, xondono's understanding of the law is
               | incorrect," I haven't defamed xondono, even if my opinion
               | is wrong and even if he feels harmed by my opinion.
               | 
               | Where this gets interesting is with the Dominion Voting
               | Systems lawsuits against Fox News, Newsmax and various
               | on-air personalities. In this case, Dominion
               | (https://www.washingtonpost.com/media/2021/03/26/fox-
               | dominion... ) is arguing that by amplifying statements
               | that were false, what Fox News did was with "reckless
               | disregard" for the truth. Meaning Fox was knowingly
               | lying. Usually, Fox News would probably have an easier
               | time defending itself, but Dominion argues that Fox
               | ignored its outreach to correct the record. It's also
               | arguing that debunked claims were continuously amplified
               | after being debunked, because those false claims led to
               | higher ratings. As a result of the libel lawsuits by
               | Dominion and others, other networks like Newsmax have
               | gone as far as to withdraw their false claims on the air
               | and publicly apologize. Dominion may still lose its
               | lawsuits, but it's a much more interesting defamation
               | lawsuit that could have significantly more of an impact
               | on other companies, including Facebook or its fact-
               | checking partners, than whatever Stossel is trying to do.
        
               | xondono wrote:
               | > If I claimed "xondono's understanding of the law is
               | incorrect", should that be a cause of action?
               | 
               | I guess that depends on other factors. Let's say I'm
               | correct (for the sake of argument, I'm not a lawyer, I'm
               | not even in the US). You'd have to be negligent (amongst
               | other things), so as I understand it, you'd have to set
               | yourself as an authority. It would be different to make
               | that statement if, for instance, you were to be a judge.
        
             | michaelhoffman wrote:
             | > 4- the difference between this and other view counts on
             | the platform should be enough.
             | 
             | If the only harm is view counts, it's not going to be a
             | very big award.
        
           | pfraze wrote:
           | It's the demonstration of malice that will make this suit
           | fail. You have to show evidence that the alleged defamer knew
           | their statements are false. You might even need to prove
           | intent. Unless they dig up a Facebook email saying "We know
           | this isn't true but let's screw Stossel" it's going to be a
           | hard case to win.
        
         | lovich wrote:
         | I don't see a material difference between claiming "not the
         | primary cause" and "not caused by" when in a short summary
        
           | christophilus wrote:
           | One is possibly true and one is probably false. They're very
           | different statements, and they are about the same length, so
           | there's no excuse to use a misleading phrase simply for the
           | sake of brevity.
        
           | cwkoss wrote:
           | I don't think Facebook would have been credibly able to rate
           | "not the primary cause" as false - that requires being able
           | to quantify the individual contributions of each factor. To
           | rate "not caused by" is false, they just need to argue it
           | contributed to the slightest extent: it's a much lower bar.
        
         | burkaman wrote:
         | Here's the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NpLIBY9nReU
         | 
         | In includes phrases like: "If all you know is climate
         | scientists then every weather event you blame on climate
         | change. If not climate change, what is to blame? [...] Foolish
         | policies."
         | 
         | "You could have had this amount of warming and not had these
         | fires."
         | 
         | "Bad policies were the biggest cause of this year's fires, not
         | the slightly warmer climate."
         | 
         | "While climate change is a problem, Schellenberger's new book
         | explains it's not an apocalypse: natural disasters aren't
         | getting worse, in fact they're getting better. [...] A small
         | change in temperature is not the difference between normalcy
         | and catastrophe."
         | 
         | To summarize: the video heavily implies throughout that the
         | fires are not caused by climate change, and literally says so a
         | couple times. Facebook did not falsely attribute that claim.
         | They didn't fully summarize the entire video, but I don't think
         | the fact check is intended to - it just pulls out one
         | particular claim it wants to address.
         | 
         | Aside: this video wasn't that bad, and I don't know if it
         | needed a fact check, but that's not what the lawsuit is about.
         | It did acknowledge that climate change is real and happening.
         | However, it exclusively talked about climate change as a
         | warming phenomenon, which is not the main issue and is a
         | misleading characterization of why climate change is bad.
         | Warming causes many other issues which are much more harmful
         | than just "a small change in temperature". The discussion about
         | forest management was valid and important, it should just be
         | happening at the same time as discussion about climate change.
         | 
         | Edit: Here's the original Facebook post where you can see the
         | fact check: https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=1
         | 015712197.... I believe this is visible even if you don't have
         | an account.
         | 
         | Here's the fact check:
         | https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/climate-change-
         | fores....
         | 
         | Here's the fact checkers response to the lawsuit:
         | https://climatefeedback.org/responding-to-stossel-tv-
         | video-o....
        
           | slowmovintarget wrote:
           | In none of your quotes is Stossel saying climate change was
           | not a cause.
           | 
           | All of your quotes support the assertion that Stossel was
           | claiming they aren't the main cause.
           | 
           | It's as though language is failing as us as a culture when
           | public discourse is impossible due to constant strawman
           | fallacies. The claim quoted by the fact checkers is reworded
           | to omit "main."
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | > Our review was based on one specific formulation of a claim
           | we saw frequently appearing amidst record-setting wildfires
           | on the US West Coast: "Forest fires are caused by poor
           | management. Not by climate change." We relied on comments
           | supplied by three scientists for a previous appearance of
           | this exact claim by Michael Shellenberger--who was also the
           | guest Stossel interviewed in his video. The scientists
           | explained that this claim is misleading
           | 
           | They re definitely in defensive mode with regards to this.
           | It's funny to see the liability being thrown around like a
           | hot potato. Stossel says it's facebook's, FB says it's the
           | fact-checker's, the fact checkers say it's the scientists'.
           | Yeah something smells bad when such things happen
           | 
           | Possible he could sue facebook in countries that have
           | stronger libel laws?
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | > The discussion about forest management was valid and
           | important, it should just be happening at the same time as
           | discussion about climate change.
           | 
           | I disagree. From where I sit, if you want to have a
           | discussion about forest management, you first have to address
           | the "it's all climate change's fault" smokescreen. Otherwise
           | everybody shrugs and says "climate change, what can you do"
           | and nobody will talk about what you actually _can_ do.
        
           | cwkoss wrote:
           | I'm not sure how someone could watch that video and think
           | "not climate change" was the main takeaway vs "forest
           | management was the more-primary factor, though climate change
           | contributes"
           | 
           | The video talks about how climate change contributed and is
           | getting worse, it just points out that there is a clear
           | policy factor that are the main cause for these factors, and
           | climate change is being used as a political scapegoat to
           | justify policy inaction.
        
           | starik36 wrote:
           | > fires are not caused by climate change
           | 
           | Maybe it's wrong to base the entire premise exclusively on
           | climate change. I am pretty sure we had forest fires before
           | the current age. For example, 1920s in California were
           | particularly bad. Sierra Nevada forests were on fire and even
           | made it all the way down to Oakland and Berkeley resulting in
           | hundreds of homes being lost.
           | 
           | Facebook's fact checkers need to be a bit more educated and
           | exercise greater finesse regarding these types of subjects.
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | Sorry if I was unclear, when I said that the video implies
             | fires are not caused by climate change, I was referring to
             | the specific fires discussed in the video, not all forest
             | fires. I'd encourage you to read the fact check, I think
             | they demonstrate quite a bit of education and finesse:
             | https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/climate-change-
             | fores..., https://climatefeedback.org/responding-to-
             | stossel-tv-video-o...
        
               | starik36 wrote:
               | I read your link and, frankly, I find their science
               | shoddy at best. They seem to simultaneously dismiss and
               | indirectly state that forest management is important.
               | 
               | For instance, they state dismissively: "While forest
               | management practices, specifically fire suppression, have
               | increased the fuel load, scientific evidence... [it don't
               | matter cause climate change]"
               | 
               | The question that's not answered is whether or not we
               | would have these fires had the forest management been
               | done aggressively as it has in the past.
               | 
               | This guy
               | (http://www.excelhero.com/blog/2010/04/california-
               | climate.htm...) analyzed NASA weather station data for
               | the last 120 years in California only (https://data.giss.
               | nasa.gov/gistemp/station_data_v4_globe/). The average
               | temperature has increased by 1 degree over that time. He
               | then filtered only to stations that have been in service
               | for 100 years to produce stability in the dataset. That
               | reduced the temperature increase to half a degree.
               | 
               | He then further filtered the set to rural weather
               | stations only to remove the Urban Heat Island Effect
               | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_heat_island). That
               | reduced the number of stations from 114 to 26, but the
               | temperature change actually showed slight cooling.
               | 
               | So given that forests in CA are largely in the rural
               | regions where temperature hasn't changed much, wouldn't
               | it stand to reason that the other change (reduced forest
               | management) is largely responsible?
        
           | hartator wrote:
           | In the video, it also says "climate change is real", "climate
           | change has made things worse", and "CA warmed up by 3 deg in
           | the last 50 years". And they blame the CA gov for stopping
           | controlled fires in the last couple of years for no real
           | reason that made this huge time bomb that we've experienced.
           | There is nothing misleading in that.
        
             | dmoy wrote:
             | > And they blame the CA gov for stopping controlled fires
             | in the last couple of years
             | 
             | This is what is crazy to me. Growing up in the Midwest, we
             | always had controlled burns on extended family's rural
             | farmland near forests, to prevent future wildfires. It was
             | a regular occurrence
             | 
             | Looking up how absolutely little CA does for controlled
             | burns compared to the Midwest and Southeast was an insane
             | eye opener to me.
             | 
             | Florida alone does like 50x the amount of controlled burns
             | than CA.
             | 
             |  _Minnesota_ , which is tiny by comparison, does more
             | controlled burns than CA (or at least used to within the
             | last few years)
        
               | etc-hosts wrote:
               | The multi year drought probably influences number of
               | controlled burns in CA
        
               | sharkmerry wrote:
               | Minnesota is 50% of the land mass of California and 1/8
               | the population. easier to burn with less people affected
               | 
               | CA, also is largely federal forests. Not sure how florida
               | compares to that.
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | I'd encourage you to read the fact check to understand why
             | they described it as misleading:
             | https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/climate-change-
             | fores..., https://climatefeedback.org/responding-to-
             | stossel-tv-video-o...
        
               | hartator wrote:
               | > Given that many pieces of content posted on Facebook
               | can separately make the same claim, it is not necessary
               | to create a separate claim review article for each post
               | we rate.
               | 
               | I mean they are admitting here that Stossel never made
               | the claim they say he did. Then use all the rest of the
               | article to stretch out that their interpretation of
               | Stossel's "climate change has made things worse but" is
               | actually the same "Not by climate change". Which is
               | obviously untrue.
        
           | PKop wrote:
           | Sounds like the discussion is nuanced. But this nuance is
           | lost by Facebook slapping a label on his content as
           | "misleading", which for all intents and purposes means
           | "wrong". Sounds like defamation to me. Why is Facebook
           | involved in adjudicating the nuance of unsolved public policy
           | debates?
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | Totally agree that Facebook's label bypasses any nuance,
             | but that isn't illegal and we can't make it illegal. It
             | isn't defamation by the dictionary definition (it isn't a
             | false claim), and it certainly isn't defamation by the
             | stricter legal definition. Imagine what would happen if you
             | could sue anyone for accurately quoting you but leaving out
             | a piece of context. Could you sue a movie critic for a bad
             | review that misunderstood the director's intentions? Could
             | you sue for an internet reply that quoted only part of your
             | comment and misrepresented your views? Could you sue a
             | journalist for not printing every interview unedited in its
             | entirety? Could you sue the NFL for stating that a team
             | lost without explaining that a star player was injured at
             | the time?
             | 
             | Edit: Actually, the fact check includes a lot of nuance and
             | discussion, it's not just a "misleading" label with no
             | other context. Read it here:
             | https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/climate-change-
             | fores...
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | I don't know. From what I have seen, so-called "nuance" is
             | often explicitly invoked as an excuse to be deliberately
             | misleading.
        
             | danShumway wrote:
             | > But this nuance is lost by Facebook slapping a label on
             | his content as "misleading", which for all intents and
             | purposes means "wrong". Sounds like defamation to me.
             | 
             | I can't speak for other countries, but in America reducing
             | nuance is not defamation; provably false statements of fact
             | are defamation.
             | 
             | The 1st Amendment protects your right to oversimplify
             | things.
        
             | throwawayboise wrote:
             | > Why is Facebook involved in adjudicating the nuance of
             | unsolved public policy debates?
             | 
             | Indeed, and what does anyone at Facebook even know about
             | the subject, other than what the prevailing opinion bubble
             | of everyone else working there is?
        
             | CobrastanJorji wrote:
             | Where is the nuance? It opens by mocking politicians for
             | blaming the fires on climate change, then it spend the rest
             | of the video explaining that forest management is the cause
             | of these large fires. Facebook's brief version is an
             | excellent summary of his video's content. What is this
             | nuance that it has left out?
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | lovich wrote:
       | I can't find the video to check myself. The articles description
       | of stossel's claims seem to be exactly what the fact check said
       | was claimed.
       | 
       | Is this article biased or is the suit that frivolous?
        
         | perceptronas wrote:
         | I suspect its this video [1]
         | 
         | [1] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-xvc2o4ezk
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | therealbilly wrote:
       | What could go wrong by having the Zuck and his minions fact
       | check? Naturally it's going to lead to chaos. Tech Bros. have no
       | business even going down this road. Stick to what you know and
       | are good at.
        
         | Nasrudith wrote:
         | Nothing - it isn't chaos, it is the long standing status quo of
         | free speech. Even a complete idiot flat earther can "fact
         | check" NASA and no parade of horribles has come to pass from
         | this.
        
           | twofornone wrote:
           | Is it still free speech when the "fact checkers" effectively
           | control the public square? When you have no recourse against
           | your speech being hidden behind a "fact check" label?
           | 
           | At what point does a private service become a utility? What
           | if Comcast started "fact checking" web content with html
           | injection? Would that still be "free speech"?
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | Is this different from someone calling Stossel a fraud in the
       | comments? The platform just added a comment on his post. The more
       | interesting thing for me is to see if this has other
       | ramifications if decided in favor of Stossel.
        
         | leereeves wrote:
         | It's different because Facebook are shielded from liability for
         | other people's comments that they publish, but not for their
         | own comments.
        
         | jetrink wrote:
         | An internet commenter is less likely to be successfully sued
         | than Facebook, because it is easier to argue that Stossel
         | suffered reputational damage from an incorrect statement by
         | Facebook, compared to an unspecific insult from a random
         | individual.
        
       | burkaman wrote:
       | Useful context for this story:
       | 
       | The original Facebook post with the video and fact check, which
       | you can see without logging in:
       | https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=1015712197...
       | 
       | The fact check: https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/climate-
       | change-fores...
       | 
       | The fact checkers response to Stossel's complaint:
       | https://climatefeedback.org/responding-to-stossel-tv-video-o...
        
         | ikeboy wrote:
         | The last link appears to have been published last year and has
         | nothing to do with the lawsuit.
        
           | burkaman wrote:
           | It addresses the same complaint that the lawsuit is based on.
        
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       (page generated 2021-09-24 23:01 UTC)