[HN Gopher] Prefer the British Style of Quotation Mark Punctuati...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Prefer the British Style of Quotation Mark Punctuation over the
       American
        
       Author : erwald
       Score  : 563 points
       Date   : 2021-09-15 08:32 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.erichgrunewald.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.erichgrunewald.com)
        
       | po wrote:
       | The real answer is to use the British style but then combine the
       | " and . into a ligature in the font so that it looks nicer like
       | the American style. Simple!
       | 
       | edit: Just searched and there are some people doing exactly this
       | with negative kerning:
       | 
       | https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/369077/overlapping-q...
       | 
       | https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/202799/how-can-i-typ...
        
         | xdennis wrote:
         | How does this work with longer punctuation like "?", "!", or
         | "!?"?
        
         | albrewer wrote:
         | I like this solution way more than anything proposed here. It's
         | how I'd write it by hand.
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | Wow, I can't believe how much I now realize I want this to be
         | the default. This whole situation feels like the result of a
         | lack of computers unable to automatically place these
         | "ligatures" and I've never considered how we should've ditched
         | this restriction years ago.
        
           | Spivak wrote:
           | What ligature would you propose for "? or "!
        
             | jeroenhd wrote:
             | There's no real ligature for those, but those characters
             | don't really take up any unnecessary whitespace. Combining
             | low and high punctuation marks makes more sense. You could
             | try to turn "! into a well-kerned '!', with he quotation
             | marks very close to the exclamation point, but for the
             | question mark such a system would probably not work.
             | 
             | That said, perhaps there's something to be found in other
             | languages. Some quote with <<quote>>, some with "quote",
             | others with ,,quote", and there's many other variations. I
             | can see how ligatures can work with constructions such as
             | ?question? can have the quotation makes placed closer in
             | the beginning of the question marks, especially with the
             | slow change from the angled brackets to the English
             | quotation marks in some Spanish speaking countries.
        
             | tomtheelder wrote:
             | You don't need one for those. Even in the American style
             | those are supposed to be placed inside or outside the
             | quotations depending on whether the question/exclamation is
             | part of the quote or not.
        
           | flyingfences wrote:
           | As I recall, this historically was the standard. In
           | handwriting, the ligature could be and was placed naturally.
           | In professional printing with moveable type, the ligature
           | could be included in the typeset. Only once typewriters were
           | invented and couldn't spare a key for every ligature did the
           | sequential style appear and the British and American styles
           | diverge.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | This seems like it ought to be possible on a typewriter --
             | or at least, one with a true backspace. I'm not sure if the
             | backspace was an advanced/late feature, though. It seems
             | pretty simple, but mechanical parts are pretty fiddly I
             | guess.
        
       | MisterTea wrote:
       | > _In the American style, you almost always put periods and
       | commas inside the quotation marks_
       | 
       | American here. I never put periods in the quotes unless the text
       | within the quotes is a full sentence. I also had no idea there
       | was an American or British style regarding quotes.
        
         | andrew_ wrote:
         | American here. Placing punctuation in a quote ending a sentence
         | is how English Composition was taught to me in grade school and
         | in college. I took to Eng Comp early on and had at least one
         | class in the subject from 9th grade in 1993 through my final
         | year of college in 2003.
         | 
         | IMHO this is right up there with tabs vs spaces. People are
         | going to have very different takes on what looks aesthetically
         | pleasing based on viewing repetition and training. There is no
         | right answer, since both are widely accepted, only personal
         | preference.
        
           | derbOac wrote:
           | FWIW, as another anecdatum from an American, I was always
           | taught the "British style" was the correct way, and the
           | "American style" was incorrect. They were never referred to
           | as "British" or "American" though, just "correct" and
           | "incorrect".
           | 
           | I prefer the "British" style, FWIW. Maybe it's just what I
           | was taught, but I have encountered arguments for the other
           | way periodically (causing me to have to check), and I always
           | preferred the way I learned for the reasons in the article.
        
             | dnautics wrote:
             | the "british" style also introduces an ambiguity. Did the
             | original quote contain the puncutation, or does it derive
             | from the outside context?
             | 
             | It's pretty clear to me that the correct method (on the
             | grounds of respecting source material) is: "punctuation
             | inside, if it comes from the source, punctuation outside if
             | it's from the outside context".
             | 
             | And there are times when quotes aren't even direct quotes,
             | they could be scare quotes. Why the hell would you ever put
             | punctuation inside of a scare quote? I don't think any
             | american would do this.
             | 
             | E.g.:
             | 
             | Dough is pronounced like "doe." -- TERRIBLE. Stab my eyes
             | out.
             | 
             | Dough is pronounced like "doe". -- sensible.
        
       | ahwvd37js wrote:
       | It high school I got yelled at when I put the period before the
       | final quote mark. In college I got yelled at when I did the
       | opposite. Both seem completely arbitrary.
        
       | macdice wrote:
       | Another stupid detail like this that immediately tells you that
       | text is from America is the capitalisation of every word in a
       | title. Compare the front page of the NY Times with the front
       | pages from any other English speaking country and you see the
       | contrast. I didn't check, but I wouldn't be surprised if the
       | Canadians go both ways at random ;-)
        
         | ranko wrote:
         | Book titles in British English tend to be title case
         | (capitalise most words, apart from "a", "the", etc), but
         | newspaper headlines are usually sentence case apart from
         | tabloid front pages, which are all caps and have their own
         | language ("It's the Sun wot won it", for example).
        
         | dredmorbius wrote:
         | cOnsider tHe pOssible cOmpromises aVailable tO tHe eNterprising
         | lAnguage sTylist!
        
         | TillE wrote:
         | A weird thing British papers do is de-capitalize acronyms. It's
         | a useful signal for pronunciation, but it's also just...wrong?
         | Like, the agency is called NASA, not Nasa.
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | <pedant>
           | 
           | The UK practise is for _initialisms_ to be capiitalised and
           | _acronyms_ , which are prounced rather than spelled out, to
           | have an initial capital (when rerfering to a proper noun) but
           | lower-cased following.
           | 
           | So "Nasa", but "FBI".
           | 
           | There's some adoption of this in US English, though typically
           | for words which have fallen into normal use and don't
           | identify specific organisations or entities: scuba, radar,
           | sonar, laser.
           | 
           | The UK style isn't uniform in all cases, particularly where
           | initialism are pronouced with a mix of spelled-out letters
           | and pronounced terms. So "HIV", but "Aids"
           | (https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/dec/01/through-
           | posi...). I believe much US military usage falls under this
           | pattern, as with USAMRID or USCENTCOM. In the latter case,
           | _The Guardian_ chooses the entirely consistent ...
           | "USCentcom".
           | 
           | The same source gives us "GBU-43/B or Moab, known as the
           | 'mother of all bombs'".
           | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/15/us-mother-
           | of-a...
           | 
           | </pedant>
        
         | Doctor_Fegg wrote:
         | It's less logical even than that. It's almost every word. On
         | the NYT homepage right now, for example, one story is "Justice
         | Dept. Asks Judge to Block Texas From Enforcing Abortion Law".
         | So "From" is capitalised but "to" isn't.
         | 
         | Weirdly, scrolling down the page, the technology section
         | appears to go its own way on capitalisation rules: "Apple's new
         | iPhone 13 is better, but not by much." is followed by "Apple
         | Issues Emergency Updates to Close a Spyware Flaw".
        
           | nkozyra wrote:
           | I'm surprised by this, as the Times has a fairly well-
           | followed style book. I'd be curious if this pattern followed
           | in print or if things are just more lax online.
           | 
           | edit: Having just compared, it does look like the content
           | generated online has a looser pattern than the articles
           | generated for this morning's paper.
        
           | JohnWhigham wrote:
           | 4-letter-long and above prepositions are capitalized. Can't
           | remember where I got that rule, but they're probably using
           | that; I use it for my music collection.
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > 4-letter-long and above prepositions are capitalized.
             | Can't remember where I got that rule, but they're probably
             | using that; I use it for my music collection.
             | 
             | This is the guide I follow, and it would only capitalize
             | preposition five characters or longer:
             | 
             | http://aitech.ac.jp/~ckelly/midi/help/caps.html
        
             | BostonFern wrote:
             | It's called title case, and it's not determined by the
             | length of a word but by whether or not a word is minor. The
             | rules defining minor words vary slightly between styles,
             | but they're usually prepositions and articles.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | You and APA seem to disagree on this
               | https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-
               | guidelines/capitaliza... but it's ultimately one of
               | semantics since if your list of minor words are all three
               | letters or less then it's the same.
               | 
               | > Lowercase only minor words that are three letters or
               | fewer in a title or heading (except the first word in a
               | title or subtitle or the first word after a colon, em
               | dash, or end punctuation in a heading)
        
               | rplst8 wrote:
               | I learned it as all prepositions and articles, unless
               | they start the title.
        
       | ctrlp wrote:
       | This makes sense to me and looks good. Some other quote style
       | ideas:
       | 
       | - use double quotes when quoting something someone said or wrote;
       | use single quotes when emphasizing a jargony word or words, or a
       | short paraphrase (e.g. 'materialist philosophy').
       | 
       | - use double quotes for "scare quotes" because the doubling acts
       | as emphasis markers and is pantomimable with two fingers (one-
       | fingered air-quotes look ridiculous).
       | 
       | - use double quotes around single quotes when nesting quotes.
       | Avoid nesting more than one level of quotes.
        
         | CRConrad wrote:
         | These are not so much "ideas" as already-common practice,
         | aren't they?
        
           | frosted-flakes wrote:
           | UK English uses single quote marks by default, falling back
           | to double quote marks for nesting.
        
         | bhandziuk wrote:
         | What's the difference between scare quotes and a short catch
         | phrase?
        
           | ctrlp wrote:
           | Scare quotes are emotion/sense markers. They suggest irony,
           | sarcasm, "skepticism", etc... A short phrase is just a short
           | phrase.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Sorry, but I prefer less rules over more rules unless they
       | provide some tangible benefit. This is just rules for the sake of
       | rules.
        
         | dctoedt wrote:
         | > _I prefer less rules over more rules_
         | 
         | As you illustrate by saying "less rules" instead of "fewer
         | rules." (I agree with you: For any language, the less that non-
         | native speakers have to worry about tripping over some finicky
         | rule, the better.)
        
       | some_random wrote:
       | I'm going to be entirely honest, this seems like a complete waste
       | of time for everyone involved. The point of writing is to
       | communicate, and I don't see how the position of punctuation in
       | relation to quotation marks affects the understanding of the
       | communication to the reader. Just pick one and stick with it.
        
       | codeofdusk wrote:
       | This style of punctuation is "logical quotation", not necessarily
       | British:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Logical_quotation_on...
        
         | toby- wrote:
         | This is true. You can find the 'American style' in the UK
         | occasionally, especially in fiction - it's not exceptionally
         | rare.
         | 
         | But regardless, the styles have come to be known as 'American'
         | and 'British' because they generally are preferred in American
         | and British English respectively, even if it's not absolute:
         | Americans tend to be taught US style, and Brits tend to be
         | taught British style.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Tainnor wrote:
       | > There is no reason that there should be two different
       | approaches to punctuation in the English language.
       | 
       | That's the typical answer a programmer would give. A linguist, or
       | really any kind of sociologist, would rather say:
       | 
       | > There is no reason that there should be a single approach to
       | punctuation in the English language.
        
       | sbuk wrote:
       | _Politics and the English Language_ [0] has this covered, though
       | not directly referencing punctuation; _" vi. Break any of these
       | rules sooner than say anything outright barbarous"._
       | 
       | [0]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_and_the_English_Langu..
       | .
        
         | Y_Y wrote:
         | If one is going to look to an authority in English, I think
         | there's none better than Orwell. There are those of the
         | opinion, however, that with regard to "outright barbary" the
         | ship has long since sailed.
        
         | chromatin wrote:
         | Hear, hear. An under appreciated long-form essay that I refer
         | colleagues to frequently.
        
       | donatj wrote:
       | I got in a heated debate about this with a technical writing
       | instructor. Namely, I was ending a question with a quote along
       | the lines of
       | 
       | > Why did Jake believe the AI was "going to kill us all"?
       | 
       | The instructor wanted me to put the question mark of the outer
       | sentence within the quotation marks despite the quoted text not
       | containing a question mark.
       | 
       | > Why did Jake believe the AI was "going to kill us all?"
       | 
       | I felt like doing so changed the meaning of the quote, and it
       | felt like a misrepresentation. This being the "correct" way to do
       | it has always irritated me.
       | 
       | I ended up rewording the sentence so it wouldn't end with the
       | quotation, and have just actively avoided ending sentences in
       | quotes ever since.
        
         | Tsiklon wrote:
         | I think you're right;
         | 
         | > Why did Jake believe the AI was "going to kill us all?"
         | 
         | This reads, to me, like Jake's quoted sentence was originally a
         | question. If the original sentence was an assertion or a
         | statement, then you're right this fundamentally changes the
         | meaning and strength of Jake's sentence.
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | _I felt like doing so changed the meaning of the quote, and it
         | felt like a misrepresentation... I ended up rewording the
         | sentence so it wouldn't end with the quotation, and have just
         | actively avoided ending sentences in quotes ever since._
         | 
         | I appreciate the skill involved in avoiding ambiguity. The hard
         | part is knowing the unknown unknowns, ya know? I read both
         | sentences the same way and can't really fathom why someone else
         | wouldn't! (Of course, I don't have the context of the original
         | quote here, so maybe that comes into play... but I don't know,
         | and probably shouldn't have to!)
        
         | shannifin wrote:
         | Unlike periods and commas, putting question marks and
         | exclamation marks inside the quotation when they are not part
         | of the quote is against AP, APA, Chicago, and MLA style
         | specifications... Granted, I don't know if technical writing
         | typically adheres to some other style, but shoving a question
         | mark inside a quote it isn't part of is definitely _not_
         | typical of American styles in general.
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | Correct, but that just shows why the American style is so
           | confusing. That we have to have an exception for more
           | meaningful punctuation marks just serves to confuse, and
           | emphasizes just how bad the default is.
        
             | dnautics wrote:
             | I didn't even realize that periods were an exception. (as
             | an American) I've always preserved the original quote for
             | all three forms of punctuation, and put a sentence-ender
             | only if there isn't one inside the quote. I'd bet most
             | americans do the same, style guides be damned. IMO, it's
             | also totally crazy to export a punctuation mark out of the
             | quote always.
        
               | shannifin wrote:
               | True, you really only have to worry about it if you're
               | writing or editing for a teacher or publisher who wants
               | you to adhere to some specific style. The real annoying
               | thing for me (as an American) was having different
               | teachers teach different things in school. (Same with
               | double spaces between sentences in typing and the oxford
               | comma.) At least when the teacher used a style guide,
               | there was a source of consistency I could turn to, even
               | if I disagreed with them.
        
         | sebastialonso wrote:
         | wow, your instructor is an idiot.
        
         | eCa wrote:
         | Yes, this is the reason why, IMHO, the American way is
         | objectively wrong.
         | 
         | Aesthetics is in the eye of the beholder, but a quotation style
         | that enforces incorrect quotations is not good.
        
           | soraminazuki wrote:
           | It seems wrong because it is.
           | 
           | > Question marks and exclamation points have their own rules.
           | 
           | > If they apply to the quoted material, they go within the
           | quotation marks. If they apply to the whole sentence, they go
           | outside it
           | 
           | https://www.grammarly.com/blog/quotation-marks/
        
             | eCa wrote:
             | I have seen things like:
             | 
             | > The password is '%>>~|]#^|,' which is awesome.
             | 
             | Which is, as far as I know, correct according to the rules.
        
               | PennRobotics wrote:
               | There's nothing I like more than typing a URL at the end
               | of a sentence and getting the punctuation wrapped up in
               | the URL. /s
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | I don't think the normal rules of grammar are designed to
               | handle this case. I would probably write something like
               | 
               | > The password, which is awesome, is:
               | 
               | > %>>~|]#^|
               | 
               | This also has the benefit of putting the password on it's
               | own line, which should make life easier for people
               | actually consuming the document.
        
           | pteraspidomorph wrote:
           | It makes some sense if you consider it a representation of
           | the way you'd speak/read the sentence. If you read that
           | sentence out loud, regardless of where you put the question
           | mark you'll have to intone the quote as if the quote was a
           | question, due to its context. So it functions "better" as a
           | reading hint. (Though I'd also prefer to have the punctuation
           | outside the quote.)
        
         | beckerdo wrote:
         | This brings up a point related to the double-period/redundancy
         | discussion above.
         | 
         | In a slight adjustment of this example, what if the text were a
         | question and the quotation were a statement. Would this be a
         | good construct: Why did Jake believe "the AI was going to kill
         | us all."?
         | 
         | Similarly you could have a text statement with a quoted
         | question: Jake asked "would the AI kill us all?".
        
           | Xen0byte wrote:
           | Very good counter-argument to the non-sensical punctuation
           | mark redundancy argument.
        
             | beckerdo wrote:
             | Also there are the possibilities for various questions and
             | exclamations.
             | 
             | Why did Jake ask "Can I have another biscuit?"?
             | 
             | I was frightened when Jake shouted "Who are you?"!
             | 
             | My trousers were soiled when Jake shouted "Boo!"!
             | 
             | Why did I soil my trousers when Jake shouted "Boo!"?
        
       | user-the-name wrote:
       | The only reason the "American style" exists is a technical
       | workaround: It was easier to damage the expensive lead type used
       | in print shops a century ago if the thin period character was
       | used on the end of the line, rather than the thicker, sturdier
       | quotation mark, so they were swapped as a cost-saving measure.
       | 
       | None of this has been relevant for many decades, and people have
       | forgotten the reason for this rule. It was never correct to do,
       | it was a choice to do it the wrong way around out of convenience.
        
         | dredmorbius wrote:
         | Source?
        
         | anandoza wrote:
         | What about sentences that end in a period without a quote? That
         | seems like it'd be much more common.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | bambax wrote:
       | The reason this problem exists is because computers and font
       | libraries don't have all the characters we need. The point or
       | comma should be _at the same place_ as the quotes, under them,
       | not before or after.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | > _at the same place as the quotes, under them_
         | 
         | What?
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | See po's comment providing SE links for doing it in tex:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28536834
        
             | bambax wrote:
             | Ah, yes. Exactly that.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | OK, but why? Is this a convention?
        
               | bambax wrote:
               | It looks better and it saves space.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | I'd argue the first is subjective (and I don't think it
               | looks better personally). It's also different to how we
               | use the same punctuation otherwise.
               | 
               | It does save space, but I'd say that's neither here nor
               | there. It isn't like space for an extra period at the end
               | of a sentence was ever at a premium.
               | 
               | At best, for a whole 200+ page book, you'd save a page or
               | so.
        
         | mdp2021 wrote:
         | And this is why more simply, the quotation mark can imply the
         | period;
         | 
         | similarly, the comma can be inherited by the formulation and
         | implied (there is no sacrifice in '<<That's too bad>>, John
         | said, <<but you can recover>>' for '<<That's too bad, but you
         | can recover>>' - the break is in the formulation and the
         | explicit comma is redundant).
        
         | alexanderskates wrote:
         | And what of exclamation or question marks?
        
       | coldtea wrote:
       | 100% agree.
        
       | kbos87 wrote:
       | Im not someone with strong opinions on this sort of thing, but it
       | has never made sense to me that I'd put a period inside quotation
       | marks if it isn't a part of the quote.
        
       | afranchuk wrote:
       | I was taught the American way (as I live in the US), but
       | immediately rejected it (even at a young age) and did it the
       | British way, though I had no idea that's what it was called.
       | Besides the week or so when teachers were covering that in their
       | syllabus, nobody _ever_ complained or noted it at all :)
        
       | wombatmobile wrote:
       | I didn't know these different styles were actual idioms, or that
       | one is "American" and the other "British".
       | 
       | I've just always been unsure.
       | 
       | Now I've learned through this discussion that there is no
       | definitive way, I feel freer to play it by ear and write what
       | feels right at the time.
        
       | virgilp wrote:
       | Is this just a version of "Prefer tabs over spaces when writing
       | code"? Because if so, I already know the outcome of this debate.
        
         | chromatin wrote:
         | No, I think not, because the quotation marks imbue semantic
         | meaning to what's inside.
        
       | optymizer wrote:
       | I thought there was a generally accepted way of signaling that a
       | quote is incomplete - by using [...]. For example:
       | 
       | "[...] the first game was better, but not in a good way"
       | 
       | There's no need to use the full stop inside the quote to show
       | that the sentence had ended. That can be the default, because
       | most time it doesn't matter, but in the cases where it is
       | relevant to show that there's content after, then why not:
       | 
       | "I thought the first game was better [...]"
        
       | vzaliva wrote:
       | Learning English I found American quotation style very weird. It
       | would be interesing to know if any nother language do something
       | like this and where this traidition comes from. We certainly do
       | not do this in russian and ukrainian I've learned in school.
        
       | rom1v wrote:
       | The first time I read a book in English, I thought the quotation
       | mark after the dot was a typo/syntax error (it didn't parse
       | correctly, and it made no sense to me).
       | 
       | After so many instances of the exact same typo in the book, I
       | thought the author/editor had a specific problem with ordering
       | quotation marks and dots.
       | 
       | It's only when I read another English book with the same "syntax
       | error" that I realized that it was not a bug in English.
        
       | mmmBacon wrote:
       | The American version is often a simplification of the British
       | version. I also find the American version to be more readable.
       | Simpler, easier to use syntax seems preferable to me over verbose
       | style.
        
       | fortran77 wrote:
       | No. I will use a Nations's preferred punctuation. To do otherwise
       | is rude and inconsiderate.
        
         | CRConrad wrote:
         | So, which nation ("Nations's"?!?) did you write that for? Do
         | you know where I -- and all the rest of us who saw it -- are
         | sitting as we read it?
        
       | codefoster wrote:
       | Agreed. Unfortunately, I don't often see examples of a language
       | evolving on suggestion - even reasonable suggestion.
        
       | bencollier49 wrote:
       | For some reason, in school in Britain in the 1980s, we were
       | taught rather religiously to always end anything inside speech
       | marks with a comma. I'm not sure where this style comes from, but
       | it confused me terribly and took me years to correct.
        
         | jsmith99 wrote:
         | https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/195902/ending-a-...
         | suggests this is the style recommended by Oxford Dictionaries.
        
       | aaroninsf wrote:
       | Orthography in specific and natural language in general
       | (formalized and written, or otherwise) is not beholden to be
       | "logical;"
       | 
       | idiosyncratic deviance from established cultural norms looks
       | adolescent in anything other than a private subculture.
       | 
       | Specifically in American English, which unlike French French or
       | German German, does not have a state-sanctioned standards body
       | attempting (and often failing) to police or mandate its
       | evolution.
       | 
       | Earnest advice for those tempted to adopt "logical" style in
       | American English language written communication: adhere to the
       | standards.
       | 
       | Relevant:
       | https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Blog/Item/Ruzvelt%20...
        
       | xfz wrote:
       | I think they messed up; the first sentences of each of the first
       | two examples are identical apart from the reference.
       | 
       | > Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot rebounded,
       | "I refute it thus."[1] and
       | 
       | > Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot rebounded,
       | "I refute it thus."[3]
       | 
       | Second one should be:
       | 
       | Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot rebounded,
       | "I refute it thus".[3]
        
       | anf0 wrote:
       | Does anyone have any thoughts on date formats? E.g. d/m/y vs.
       | m/d/y?
        
         | CRConrad wrote:
         | "m/d/y" must die, _die,_ DIE!
        
           | a9h74j wrote:
           | Or did you really mean _die_ , die, DIE? :)
        
             | CRConrad wrote:
             | Or der, die, das...?
        
         | dcminter wrote:
         | In prose, use month names (i.e. 1st Jan 1979, or Jan 1st 1970).
         | Where numbers must be used for some reason use four-digit-year
         | first if you can. If you can't use the dictated standard or, if
         | there isn't one (raising the obvious question of why that would
         | be), go with the form that will be familiar to most of your
         | readers.
         | 
         | In other words, as with all things, prefer unambiguous forms
         | but consider and respect your audience.
        
         | jgwil2 wrote:
         | How do British people pronounce the date that they write as 15
         | September, 2021? Americans write the date the same way we
         | pronounce it (September 15), but this leads to the unfortunate
         | mm/dd/yy style of abreviation.
        
           | flyingfences wrote:
           | "Fifteenth [of] September"
        
         | red_trumpet wrote:
         | Just use d/m/y as the rest of the world.
        
           | riffic wrote:
           | no:
           | 
           | https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/1179:_ISO_8601
        
         | posedge wrote:
         | The only true format is the programmer's yyyy-mm-dd :)
        
         | Akronymus wrote:
         | 8601 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601
         | 
         | which can be any of these:
         | 
         | YYYY-MM-DD YYYY-MM YYYYMMDD
        
           | aendruk wrote:
           | ISO 8601 is proprietary and people can't even read it without
           | each paying a $170 access fee. Instead, prefer IETF RFC 3339
           | (mentioned in your link) which is a more practical open
           | standard.
        
       | Tepix wrote:
       | This is indeed annoying and illogical when learning english,
       | especially because other languages get it right.
       | 
       | The french have a different speciality: punctuation marks that
       | consist of two parts(i.e. ? ! ; :) are preceded by a space
       | character. Also very irritating.
        
         | dredmorbius wrote:
         | That's typical of older English typography as well.
         | 
         | Here in a book of classics printed in 1910:
         | 
         | https://archive.org/details/harvardclassics40elio/page/76/mo...
         | 
         | And in David Hume's _Essays and Treatises on Several Subjects_
         | (1753):
         | 
         | https://archive.org/details/essaysandtreati00humegoog/page/n...
        
         | bambax wrote:
         | The space should be an "espace fine" (espace is feminine in
         | that context), meaning a smaller space (En Space) than the
         | normal space (Em Space).
         | 
         | The En Space is non-breakable, but the normal non-breakable
         | space is Em in length, and therefore improper.
        
           | rom1v wrote:
           | Hmmm, that's true:
           | https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espace_fine_ins%C3%A9cable
           | 
           | However, LibreOffice inserts a non-breaking space U+00A0
           | instead :(
        
             | CRConrad wrote:
             | So the French don't break their spaces, they cut them.
             | 
             | Reminds me of https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekat%C3%B6r
        
           | currysausage wrote:
           | Note that em (current point size) and en (1/2 em) spaces are
           | both wider than the regular space character (typically 1/4
           | em). An _espace fine insecable_ (narrow no-break space) is
           | even smaller, usually as small as a Unicode thin space ( 1/5
           | or  1/6  em): https://jkorpela.fi/chars/spaces.html
           | 
           | Word, in French mode, inserts regular no-break spaces where
           | narrow no-break spaces would be appropriate. I find this
           | style rather irritating, but then again, I don't read nearly
           | enough French to get accustomed to it.
           | 
           | However, I do agree strongly with the late Jan Tschichold,
           | who recommended thin spaces before question marks,
           | exclamation marks, colons, and semicolons for other
           | languages, too: https://www.courses.psu.edu/art/art101_jxm22/
           | tschichold.html...
        
             | bambax wrote:
             | Ah, you're right, my translation of _espace fine_ to En was
             | incorrect, thanks for the correction.
             | 
             | An intriguing problem in typography is the patterns that
             | spaces can form between words on different lines (called
             | rivers); in traditional typography it is checked for but I
             | don't know of any rendering engine that would do that
             | automatically (in a browser, or on an e-reader for
             | example).
        
               | currysausage wrote:
               | I believe that both TeX (Knuth-Plass Line Breaking
               | Algorithm) and InDesign (paragraph composer - expired US
               | Patent 6,510,441) do this, so there is at least one open-
               | source implementation that could be used as a starting
               | point. Unfortunately though, the awareness for good and
               | bad typography seems to be so low that this is probably
               | not a priority for browser and e-reader vendors. It would
               | be wonderful to have this as part of WeasyPrint or
               | something similar.
        
               | yannis wrote:
               | TeX doesn't do this automatically, but is rare to see
               | "rivers" in TeX produced publications due to the
               | superiority of its paragraph building algorithm.
        
         | weinzierl wrote:
         | On the other hand, it was the English who used to have some
         | extra space between sentences compared to the space between
         | words. This is still the default in LaTeX, but I believe
         | everyone turns it off by using the \frenchspacing command in
         | the preamble.
         | 
         | Also German has its own verbs for "for the insertion of
         | inappropriate spaces _before_ a punctuation mark. " and "for
         | the insertion of inappropriate spaces _after_ a punctuation
         | mark. "[1] which are often used in a derogatory manner in
         | connection with people who do it wrongly.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plenken
        
         | rom1v wrote:
         | > The french have a different speciality: punctuation marks
         | that consist of two parts(i.e. ? ! ; :) are preceded by a space
         | character.
         | 
         | Precision: a non-breaking space (unicode U+00A0) :)
         | 
         | LibreOffice or other word processing software automatically
         | replace normal spaces by non-breaking spaces in that case.
         | 
         | But in text editors (like vim), we must do it manually
         | (Ctrl+Shift+ua0 on Linux), typically when writing a French text
         | in markdown, it's a bit irritating indeed.
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | This is usually configurable, e.g. Compose-Space-Space
           | inserts a no-break space if the Compose key is set up, or
           | AltGr+Space, Ctrl-Shift+Space etc.
           | 
           | (KDE has a dialog for customizing this under Settings-Input
           | Devices-Keyboard-Advanced, where there are an impressive 16
           | possible options. It is just options to setxkbmap
           | underneath.)
        
         | BossHamster wrote:
         | Not only is it irritating, it looks ugly as hell.
        
           | bambax wrote:
           | It doesn't look ugly at all if the space is of the correct
           | length.
        
       | rplst8 wrote:
       | I found this out years ago, and adopted the British style. It
       | makes way more sense and reads better.
       | 
       | I'll also put in my two cents here about spaces after a period. I
       | always use two spaces after a sentence and one after an
       | abbreviation.
       | 
       | If you only ever use one, there is too much ambiguity around
       | sentences that end with an abbreviation.
        
       | chelonian wrote:
       | I think the solution is to always add just a few more words at
       | the end of a sentence:
       | 
       | > Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot rebounded,
       | "I refute it thus." and then said no more.
        
         | happymellon wrote:
         | But there you have just come to the same British conclusion
         | that the end of the sentence is outside the quotation.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | Except that a quotation that doesn't end the containing
         | sentence isn't punctuated that way in either US or UK style;
         | with the added text, it would be either:
         | 
         | (UK) Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
         | rebounded, 'I refute it thus', and then said no more.
         | 
         | or:
         | 
         | (US) Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
         | rebounded, "I refute it thus," and then said no more.
        
       | aardvark179 wrote:
       | I'm not aware of the punctuation mark going outside the quotation
       | being, "British style," and I'm struggling to find other
       | references to it being so. It's certainly not what is done in
       | most British typography.
       | 
       | Putting the punctuation mark inside the quotation marks has been
       | a thing ever since printing, and I always thought it was done to
       | avoid have an isolated full stop on a printing plate, which could
       | be damaged relatively easily., but this may be a retroactive
       | justification.
        
       | rossjudson wrote:
       | Teach an elementary school kid yet another wrinkle in the English
       | language around where they should punctuation marks? No thanks.
        
       | jmull wrote:
       | Eh, worrying much about this stuff is fairly pointless. It's not
       | like there's a rules committee we can petition.
       | 
       | I do use the British style when I can get away with it, but for
       | anything formal or important I just suck it up and do it the way
       | it's supposed to be done.
       | 
       | Anyway, if I could change rules of English, this wouldn't be that
       | high a priority.
        
       | mcguire wrote:
       | Don't expect natural language to logically "make sense". Just
       | don't. It doesn't work by those rules, and trying to force it to
       | do so just leads to seventeenth-century grammarian jackasses and
       | Strunk and White.
        
       | bumblebritches5 wrote:
       | You mean using apostrophes as quotes?
       | 
       | gross
        
       | shannifin wrote:
       | Agree with the post; interestingly, in grade school (here in
       | America) I was actually taught both ways depending on the
       | teacher's preference / belief (assuming we were not writing MLA
       | research papers)... this mostly led to perpetual confusion, so
       | we'd often just put the period directly under the quotation. (Of
       | course, couldn't do that for typed assignments.) I remember one
       | of my English teachers accepting both ways because she could
       | never keep it straight herself.
        
       | codingdave wrote:
       | > There is no reason that there should be two different
       | approaches to punctuation in the English language.
       | 
       | Why not? We have different vocabulary, different spelling. Our
       | accents are sufficiently different that non-native speakers can't
       | always understand both.
       | 
       | So serious question - why wouldn't punctuation also differ?
        
       | runeks wrote:
       | As a programmer, I'd prefer a combination of the two:
       | 
       |  _Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot rebounded,
       | "I refute it thus."._
       | 
       | as I think it's weird that a punctuation mark inside a quote can
       | end the sentence that contains the quote.
       | 
       | I'd argue like this: in the above case there are two sentences,
       | the quote and the sentence that contains the quote. Both need to
       | be terminated with a period.
        
         | mdpm wrote:
         | think of it as a self-closing element. Like <br/> became <br>.
        
         | jimbob45 wrote:
         | Yep, I agree and I do this too. Even in school I was willing to
         | eat the docked points for doing it this way.
        
         | baktubi wrote:
         | Hmm. This feels a bit wrong to me. Double period makes longer
         | pause, and wedged between a quote it doesn't flow well:
         | 
         | .". Feels like a visual stutter.
         | 
         | Either ." or ". are more final and visually stable.
         | 
         | I'd argue depending on whether the pause affected by the period
         | is important to the quote itself, put it in the quote. Then
         | again, a block-quotation is probably more suitable for that
         | scenario. Personally, for basic quotes in prose I'd put the
         | period on the outside of quote because that directs readers to
         | pause after the quote ends, not before.
        
           | xdennis wrote:
           | If it's like coding styles, almost anything to do with style
           | is a matter of how much you're used to it. If .". was the
           | norm you might not find it so stylistically wrong.
           | 
           | But ." is always syntactically wrong when then quoted text
           | didn't have a full stop in it, and ". is ambiguous about
           | whether it's a complete sentence or not.
        
         | bambax wrote:
         | Strongly disagree. This is an abomination. Language and
         | typography have to be _elegant_ in addition to intelligible.
        
           | reedf1 wrote:
           | Would you sacrifice clarity for elegance?
        
             | ttctciyf wrote:
             | What clarity is sacrificed? Is it in doubt that the
             | sentence ended?
             | 
             | The single period favours both elegance and clarity over
             | slavish and unimaginative punctiliousness.
        
             | bambax wrote:
             | Good question! Perhaps one of the most important questions
             | regarding writing...
             | 
             | I would argue clarity and elegance don't oppose one
             | another; elegance means being as clear as possible without
             | being clumsy or heavy handed, and without insulting your
             | reader's intelligence. Said reader is not a machine,
             | they're supposed to be fluent in the language.
             | 
             | We should reduce ambiguity as much as possible, but no more
             | than that. Adding signs where no ambiguity remains only
             | worsens the signal to noise ratio.
        
           | Stratoscope wrote:
           | Besides, if you look at it upside down, you might be tempted
           | to invoke Godwin's Law.
        
           | dspillett wrote:
           | They don't _have_ to be. They _should_ be where-ever possible
           | without affecting meaning or legibility.
        
         | floatingatoll wrote:
         | How is the period in the quoted section relevant to the reader,
         | in light of the close quote character terminating the sentence
         | and quote both?
        
         | TedShiller wrote:
         | lol
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > I think it's weird that a punctuation mark inside a quote can
         | end the sentence that contains the quote.
         | 
         | It doesn't. The end quote with a period inside it ends the
         | sentence.
         | 
         | > I'd argue like this: in the above case there are two
         | sentences
         | 
         | There aren't. English doesn't nest or overlap sentences. Ever.
         | Therr are plenty of ways in which English combines multiple
         | units which each could otherwise be their own sentences into
         | more complex sentences, but none of them involve having
         | something which remains a sentence inside a longer sentence.
        
           | soheil wrote:
           | > The end quote with a period inside it ends the sentence.
           | 
           | What a weird interpretation. Two characters shouldn't be
           | needed to end a sentence, only a period can end a sentence.
           | It'd be a lot easier to postulate the period inside ends the
           | sentence and the quotation mark ends the quote that just ran
           | outside the end of the sentence by one character.
        
           | a9h74j wrote:
           | Not even parenthetical remarks with opening and closing
           | parentheses or mdashes?
           | 
           | I won't say it isn't so (that would be redundant), but this
           | example makes my point again.
        
         | Veen wrote:
         | A footnote in the article addresses this: "More logical still
         | would be to have two periods, one marking the end of the quoted
         | sentence and the other the end of the top-level sentence. But
         | that would be redundant and also look ugly."
         | 
         | I tend to agree with the author. While it's logically
         | consistent, it's typographically redundant. There's no need to
         | end a sentence with a full stop, a quotation mark, another full
         | stop, and then a space, before beginning the next sentence with
         | a capital letter.
        
           | JasonFruit wrote:
           | Did you really say, "I tend to agree with the author?"
           | 
           | See the problem there? The quoted sentence is not a question,
           | but the outer sentence is; why, then, is the question mark
           | inside the quotation marks? Double punctuation would solve
           | that ambiguity, and would not be redundant.
           | 
           | Alternatively, and I'm not sure which is correct, if the
           | question mark is outside the quotation marks, was the quote a
           | complete sentence?
        
             | abduhl wrote:
             | The question mark is supposed to go outside the quote if it
             | is not part of the quote, FYI. Same with exclamation
             | points. Internalizing only happens with periods and commas.
        
               | JasonFruit wrote:
               | That's what it looked like to me, too, but isn't it
               | telling that we can't treat punctuation consistently?
        
               | CiceroCiceronis wrote:
               | We can treat it consistently, it just takes a full book-
               | length style guide to do so. Exceptions of exceptions are
               | a frustrating form of consistency, but they are
               | consistent nevertheless.
        
               | JasonFruit wrote:
               | In any colloquial sense, the existence of exceptions
               | means there is inconsistency.
        
             | quesera wrote:
             | Also awkward:
             | 
             | Did you ask, "Is this your dog?"?
        
               | philsnow wrote:
               | To me, seeing that punctuation is soothing. It's finding
               | another person who I know thinks the same way I do, if
               | only about this one, pedantic thing.
        
               | joemi wrote:
               | I do wonder if that kind of thing is awkward just because
               | we're not used to it...
        
           | kazinator wrote:
           | You mean, "typograhicl redunat".
        
           | gilgoomesh wrote:
           | Do you mean, like this: ""I refute it thus.", he said."? It
           | does get ugly.
        
           | rivo wrote:
           | What would be the proper punctuation if you rearranged the
           | sentence slightly?
           | 
           |  _Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, "I refute it
           | thus.", as his foot rebounded._
           | 
           | Is the period redundant? Or the comma after it? None of them?
           | This looks almost as ugly as two periods.
        
             | mdp2021 wrote:
             | The period before the quotation mark is redundant, because
             | the quotation mark implies it (in this case).
        
             | a9h74j wrote:
             | To me it looks wrong to omit a period in a famous short
             | one-sentence statement. To stay within American style, I
             | would rearrange the sentence to end with the quote, "I
             | refute it thus."
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | For simplicity, every sentence should end with a full stop
           | (period). Thus:                   How are you today?.
           | This is important!.
           | 
           | Which clearly demonstrates that ! and ? can appear in the
           | middle of a sentence, just as ; and , can:                  I
           | want to call to your attention this very important!! point:
           | always checks the return value of your system calls.
           | 
           | I do draw the line at introducing scoping operators though it
           | would simplify the grammar.
        
             | LeoPanthera wrote:
             | The dot below ? and ! is the full stop.
             | 
             | Thus implying the existence of non-dotted versions for mid-
             | sentence usage.
        
           | sfg wrote:
           | I like the 'more logical still' style.
           | 
           | The structure of the whole looks incomplete and unbalanced
           | without the second full-stop, which I find ugly. I guess that
           | I care more about logical structure (or my idea of logical
           | structure), than typographical utility.
        
           | majormajor wrote:
           | Once we're accepting that appearance is part of our decision,
           | the American one has just as much appeal as the British one.
        
           | dandare wrote:
           | Redundant and ugly are very subjective qualities in this
           | case.
        
           | fauigerzigerk wrote:
           | I don't see why it is redundant. There is no reason to assume
           | that the quoted sentence ends the quoting sentence. Imagine
           | this being the last thing you see on a page. Without turning
           | the page, there would be no way of knowing whether the
           | quoting sentence is complete.
           | 
           | But these things are just conventions. It's futile to demand
           | any kind of logic or consistency.
        
             | hdjjhhvvhga wrote:
             | It's not the only element of style that may seem illogical,
             | there are many more. Off the top of my head:
             | 
             | * Nested parentheses. (In theory, you could use any level
             | needed (provided that they make sense), but in practice,
             | they're scoffed at.) It is similar with quotes, for the
             | same reasons: limited readability - although here you can
             | at least juggle with single, double and French quotes,
             | depending on the language and style guide used.
             | 
             | * Repetitions: unless used as a stylistic device (in
             | poetry, advertising, etc.), your editors will try to modify
             | repeated words, trying to find synonyms. In technical
             | writing, it is an abomination, and competent editors know
             | very well they must not touch any specific terms, no matter
             | how often repeated, as they have very precise meaning.
             | 
             | But in general, the rules present in style guides are meant
             | to ensure consistency and uniform reading experience, so
             | that the reader is not distracted by form and can
             | concentrate on the meaning, so they are a good thing as
             | long as people are aware these are just arbitrary rules
             | separate from spelling and grammar.
        
               | Veen wrote:
               | In general writing, you have to be careful to balance
               | repetition. At one extreme is what's been called "elegant
               | variation"[0] and at the other is monotonous repetition,
               | which hurts readability.
               | 
               | But, as you say, in technical writing, it's enormously
               | irritating. I do a fair bit of freelance writing, and it
               | pisses me off no end when editors and clients change a
               | technical term for an apparent near synonym because they
               | don't understand the nuance. It makes the sentence
               | nonsensical and makes me look as though I don't know what
               | I'm talking about.
               | 
               | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elegant_variation
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | Absolutely. My comment is only about whether or not the
               | second period is logically redundant.
        
               | tener wrote:
               | Parsing nested parens requires stack, which humans are
               | vary bad at handling. So writing in this style will be
               | harder to read compared to linear style that people are
               | used to. There are topics inherently nonlinear, but they
               | are often linearized or directly drawn in 2d space.
        
               | mark-r wrote:
               | Is "vary bad" a clever pun, or just an amusing typo?
        
               | munchbunny wrote:
               | Also most languages already support nested clause
               | structures without the use of parentheses.
        
               | Veen wrote:
               | They do, but there's a limit to how much recursive
               | embedding the average reader can cope with, especially if
               | the writer embeds a lot of modifying clauses in the
               | middle of the main clause so the reader is left waiting
               | for information they need to make sense of the sentence
               | as a whole.
        
               | munchbunny wrote:
               | Absolutely agree. It's probably the biggest disconnect I
               | feel between how ideas are structured in my head and how
               | to best communicate them in written format.
               | 
               | Parentheticals in English sit in this sort of midpoint
               | between a modifying clause for necessary elaboration and
               | a footnote/end-note for optional detail, and lots of
               | people including me use parentheses where "inlining" the
               | parentheses or moving them to a footnote would be more
               | appropriate. That's in addition to conventional uses of
               | parentheses, like to expand abbreviations.
        
               | hjek wrote:
               | > * Nested parentheses. (In theory, you could use any
               | level needed (provided that they make sense), but in
               | practice, they're scoffed at.) It is similar with quotes,
               | for the same reasons: limited readability - although here
               | you can at least juggle with single, double and French
               | quotes, depending on the language and style guide used.
               | 
               | Any level of nested parenthesis is fine (is what _I_
               | think at least (as someone who 's written a bit of Lisp
               | of Lisp (or Racket and Clojure specifically) (because you
               | get kinda used to it (when in a way they just become
               | invisible (or unnoticeable))))). But nested quotations is
               | also an issue with backtick (`) when doing command
               | substitution in the shell, and we have to resort to $()
               | to fix it. There's not really a $()-like syntax for
               | written English though.
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | _There 's not really a $()-like syntax for written
               | English though._
               | 
               | There sort of is, if you use "smart" quotes. "Hard to
               | find on a phone keyboard though, and not that distinct."
        
             | OskarS wrote:
             | This is the kind of thing that really annoy programmers
             | (because in programming languages, you can never omit
             | things like this), but everyone else is perfectly fine
             | with.
             | 
             | As a programmer though, it certainly annoys me!
        
               | repsilat wrote:
               | > _everyone else is perfectly fine with_
               | 
               | My newspaper will shorten "United States" to "U.S.", and
               | not add an extra period at the end of a sentence. (Not
               | sure if the spaces are different widths.) When the next
               | word would naturally start with a capital letter it can
               | be difficult to tell whether the sentence ends after the
               | abbreviation, sometimes making for garden-path sentences.
               | 
               | >> _There have been some rumblings inside the U.S.
               | Supreme Court justice Stephen Breyer said in an
               | interview..._
               | 
               | Though I _am_ a programmer, so maybe it is just us...
        
               | crispyambulance wrote:
               | I feel the same way, but I think programmers should hold
               | their feelings and just pick up an APA, MLA or Chicago
               | style guide or whatever the equivalent is if you're
               | writing in British English and embrace the rules. Or if
               | you're publishing, let an editor fix your stuff.
               | 
               | Every effort to make a logically consistent "engineered"
               | language has so far failed by any reasonable measure,
               | notably, Esperanto. Others have tried and had even less
               | success than Esperanto. For things to even change in
               | language usage there really has to be a pain point or
               | some kind of trauma or isolation. Mere aspiration for
               | aesthetics or logical consistency isn't enough. How did
               | the American English come to be anyway? A bunch of people
               | got on boats and went to a remote wild continent and
               | stayed there. Forever.
        
               | mark-r wrote:
               | This is sound, pragmatic advice. But it doesn't mean we
               | have to like it.
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | In fact in some programming languages you can (or should)
               | omit things like this. E.g. pascal does not require or
               | explicitly forbids semicolon before end keyword.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | Pascal is fully self-consistent here: in it, semicolon is
               | a statement separator, not a statement terminator. Since
               | the statement before "end" is the last one in the block,
               | there's no statement to separate it from with a trailing
               | semicolon, and so it's a syntax error.
        
               | barrkel wrote:
               | Pascal permits a null production for the statement
               | grammar.                   simple-statement =
               | empty-statement                  | assignment-statement
               | | procedure-statement                 | goto-statement .
               | empty-statement = .
               | 
               | from http://www.pascal-
               | central.com/iso7185.html#6.8%20Statements (ISO 7185
               | Pascal)
               | 
               | In practice the separator-vs-terminator distinction
               | mostly shows up in if-statements:                 if foo
               | then          bar       else          baz;
               | 
               | I believe that anywhere else in a statement context, you
               | can put in as many extra ';' as you like and it won't
               | make a difference. And of course you can drop the final
               | ';' before 'end' or 'until'.
        
               | stkdump wrote:
               | It's not a syntax error.
        
               | denton-scratch wrote:
               | Correct - the redundant semi-colon denotes an empty
               | statement.
        
               | ngcc_hk wrote:
               | In those day when moving cursors with full screen editor
               | (which is Not vi or Emacs), how many hours of my life
               | wasted on this deletion of semicolons. Sigh.
               | 
               | Still I actually struggled each time this given not
               | exactly sure I am in English or American camp.
        
               | montroser wrote:
               | See also automatic semicolon insertion in JavaScript, and
               | conditional permission to omit closing <p> tags in HTML.
               | 
               | https://developer.mozilla.org/en-
               | US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Refe...
               | 
               | https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-
               | content.html...
        
             | bujak300 wrote:
             | If a quote is incomplete and a meaningful part is omitted
             | there are other typographical conventions to indicate that,
             | like a double period .. for example
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | _> If a quote is incomplete and a meaningful part is
               | omitted there are other typographical conventions to
               | indicate that, like a double period .. for example_
               | 
               | Yes, but what I'm talking about is the reverse situation.
               | How would you know whether or not the quoting (outer)
               | sentence is complete? You cannot logically infer that
               | from the quoted (inner) sentence, which is why I'm saying
               | that the second period is not redudant.
        
               | afarviral wrote:
               | you would assume its complete in the absence of a double
               | period. For instance, he said "some random shit". The
               | quote in the previous sentence is a complete one. But
               | then he said " some other ..". An incomplete quote. I
               | personally think we should include the full stop though
               | as it conveys more information and is less cognitive
               | overhead, "it's obviously not redundant.". Even
               | considering that we tend to treat punctuation as
               | breaking/pausing I still think its appropriate as the
               | quote ended AND its containing sentence.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | _> you would assume its complete in the absence of a
               | double period_
               | 
               | That is true for the inner sentence, but again, I'm
               | talking about the outer sentence. It needs its own
               | terminator to make it unambiguously clear that it is
               | complete.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | I've never seen a double period used to mean anything. An
               | ellipsis is a specific mark made by three periods. Or is
               | this a Britishism?
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | It's not used for anything. I can't imagine where anyone
               | got the idea that it is.
        
             | ChristianGeek wrote:
             | Isn't it a rule that if you quote a complete sentence it
             | must end the quoting sentence?
        
             | optymizer wrote:
             | > Without turning the page, there would be no way of
             | knowing whether the quoting sentence is complete.
             | 
             | and he said: "Mary, let's go
             | 
             | --- page ---
             | 
             | fishing".
        
             | smitty1e wrote:
             | Punctuation has a braking effect on the reader.
             | 
             | , ; : .
             | 
             | If you're at a full stop, the second . feels superfluous.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Then again, ellipsis marks are also a thing.
        
             | taeric wrote:
             | It is redundant because the punctuation is mainly there to
             | indicate pausing or transitioning, but the quotes already
             | indicate a change in voice, which is also a
             | pause/transition.
             | 
             | To that end, I am struggling to think of a time where the
             | punctuation at the end of a quote really mattered. Even
             | exclamations are less necessary, with the support of the
             | surrounding sentance. Consider; they screamed "stop" to get
             | the attention of everyone. And, "stop!" they screamed. In
             | both, the change of voice to the quoted word is about the
             | same.
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | Yes; so the period _inside the quotes_ is redundant, and
               | that one should be removed.
               | 
               | The outside sentence _can continue_ after the quote; the
               | terminating period outside of the quote is necessary if
               | the sentence is ending there.
               | 
               | We know that the quote has ended with the closing quote,
               | and so we can agree on the convention that there is an
               | implied period there, if the quoted material is a
               | complete clause with subject and verb. If it needs some
               | other punctuation like a question mark, then that is
               | explicit.
               | 
               | > He asked me "what time is it?".
               | 
               | The ? ends the question, the . ends the sentence that
               | contains the embedded question.
               | 
               | The enclosing sentence can continue:
               | 
               | > He asked me "what time is it?" but hurriedly walked
               | away as I glanced at my watch.
               | 
               | Now you positively, definitely cannot remove the period
               | after "watch". Why would you remove it if the words "but
               | ... watch" are deleted?
               | 
               | This stuff is simply too important to leave in the hands
               | of people who have never written a compiler.
        
             | floatingatoll wrote:
             | What benefit does the reader draw from being informed "this
             | quoted phrase is a complete sentence"?
             | 
             | It's not futile to reconsider conventions, no matter that
             | demands may go ignored.
        
               | LeifCarrotson wrote:
               | Floatingatoll said "It's not futile to reconsider
               | conventions". This shows that's not a complete sentence,
               | suggesting that you added a caveat or other clause.
               | 
               | Also, your preceding paragraph highlights another issue:
               | what if the sentence being quoted has different
               | punctuation than the sentence it's placed in? You wrote a
               | sentence that should end in a question mark, but the
               | quote should end with a period.
        
               | a9h74j wrote:
               | Good illustration, but also brings into scope the [sadly
               | disappearing?] ethical requirement of not misleading with
               | abbreviated or out-of-context quotations.
        
               | floatingatoll wrote:
               | So, when a quoted sentence fragment terminates a
               | sentence, the period should be outside?
               | 
               | > Blah blah "Quoted sentence in entirety."
               | 
               | versus
               | 
               | > Blah blah "Quoted sentence fragment".
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | Terminating the quoted sentence with a period is redundant,
             | since the closing quotation mark also terminates it.
        
               | croon wrote:
               | Then you have no signifier for whether the quote is
               | partial or not. Did you quote part of something someone
               | said or the full sentence?
        
               | OscarCunningham wrote:
               | So would you suggest that it would make sense to never
               | have punctuation before a quotation mark?
        
               | mdp2021 wrote:
               | Only when necessary.
               | 
               | E.g.: '<<Are you joking?!>>, he said. The other replied,
               | <<I'm not joking at all>>. They went on'.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | I agree with that, assuming there would be some
               | indication if the quoted sentence wasn't complete.
               | 
               | I'm just saying that the outer/quoting sentence needs its
               | own punctuation regardless of what's going on in between
               | those quotation marks.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | No, because a quote can contain a sub-sentence. The
               | period adds meaning to the sentence by adding finality.
               | 
               | "You are going" has a very different meaning from "You
               | are going.", because the first implies there is something
               | `you` are going to do. Whilst the second implies you are
               | being ordered to leave.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | In that case, not capitalizing the word immediately
               | following the quote will work as an indicator that the
               | period is not part of the parent. This doesn't work in
               | the case that the word following is a proper noun. But
               | that's an edge case on something that doesn't really
               | matter.
               | 
               | I agree that maintaining punctuation of the quote is
               | important for context. But outside of the quote, it
               | practically never matters if there is a period or not
               | after the quote. The reader may choose.
               | 
               | > He looks up, "This is it." Bob says, gazing at the sky.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _I don 't see why it is redundant_
             | 
             | Can you construct a pair of sentences where the potential
             | ambiguity would be meaningful and not trivially resolved
             | with context?
        
             | smeej wrote:
             | Supposing the sentence weren't complete on the first page
             | but the quoted one were, is this what you would expect to
             | see?
             | 
             | "...and also look ugly.",
             | 
             | In that case, the convention of placing just a comma inside
             | the quotation marks if the quoted sentence were complete
             | but the quoting sentence were not seems much cleaner.
        
               | marcus_holmes wrote:
               | Yes that's exactly what I'd expect to see.
               | He said "I came in with the tide.", but she wasn't
               | listening.
               | 
               | (which is correct according to my expensive British
               | education) is _very_ preferable to                   He
               | said "I came in with the tide.," but she wasn't
               | listening.
               | 
               | which has a full stop and comma next to each other and
               | looks hideous.
               | 
               | However, I do personally think the full stop inside the
               | quotes is redundant and would remove it, unless it made a
               | real difference to the sentence meaning.
        
         | ycombinete wrote:
         | .".
         | 
         | This looks completely bizarre to me. I hope this never becomes
         | a standard.
        
         | SimeVidas wrote:
         | She asked, "Did you find this on Yahoo!?".
        
         | hellbannedguy wrote:
         | This always made more sence.
         | 
         | I used to love to write. That all ended in college, with
         | English Instructors. I wasen't the only student either.
         | 
         | There was so much emphasis on grammar, interesting writers just
         | seemed to sound all alike. I enjoyed some of the papers that
         | were read aloud the first few weeks. By the end of the courses,
         | the papers were technically correct, but boring, and lacked
         | imagination. I could see the enthusiasm drain from the students
         | faces with every paper covered in red Sharpie corrections.
         | 
         | I had one teacher that used to down grade me for not writing
         | out numbers 1-10, and only using numbers for 11 on. I still
         | don't know what's right, or care anymore.
         | 
         | (I believe S & W recommends writing out 1-10.)
        
         | CarVac wrote:
         | Someone I know made a font modified so that the quotation mark
         | goes directly over the period, which is a better way to combine
         | the two.
        
         | DonHopkins wrote:
         | Yes, that's better and more logical, because it also handles
         | the case where the final punctuation of the outer sentence and
         | quoted sentence is different, like when Dr. Johnson asked "I
         | refute it thus?"!
        
         | felipellrocha wrote:
         | Finally someone who agrees with me. Don't want the double
         | punctuation? Write a simpler sentence.
        
         | mlindner wrote:
         | That's how I already write messages. People can complain if
         | they like.
        
         | dspillett wrote:
         | Same. It is like matching brackets. Two sentence ends, one
         | quoted and one quoting, so two full-stops. And like putting
         | exclamation/question/interrobang/other marks in the right place
         | depending on who is using them (quoter, quotee, or both).
         | 
         | Of course you can shorten your quote by one character and leave
         | out the inner stop, and I'd say that was equally valid. I would
         | tend to do that unless I want to make it absolutely clear that
         | what I was quoting wasn't a run-on sentence that continued
         | after that point.
        
         | lostgame wrote:
         | This rubs me wrong in all the ways and is aesthetically jarring
         | as all hell to me.
         | 
         | If I'm reading a book or essay and I come across this type of
         | punctuation, it actually actively removes me from my flow of
         | reading and causes me to stop for a moment and lose immersion -
         | same with obvious spelling and grammatical errors.
         | 
         | It's amazing how dependent our reading immersion is on proper
         | grammar, spelling and punctuation.
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | > aesthetically
           | 
           | I prefer to think it is what you are accustomed to, or
           | habituated to.
           | 
           | From these comments a number of people including me, prefer
           | to use the _."._ form because we find that more aesthetically
           | pleasing. I had discovered the _."._ form myself because I
           | play with my punctuation (and words and grammar), and until
           | this discussion I hadn't noticed others use _."._ *.
           | 
           | I presume other other programmers play with syntax and
           | punctuation too.
           | 
           | * Note I have italicised _."._ and if you zoom on an iPad the
           | full stops [US periods] change from squares to rhombusy.
        
         | tradertef wrote:
         | Same here. This is the way.
        
         | leephillips wrote:
         | As a programmer surely the concept of syntactic sugar is not
         | unfamiliar to you.
        
         | throwaway894345 wrote:
         | This is what I do as well. The article says it's "redundant and
         | ugly" but I don't think it's redundant at all--it's unambiguous
         | that "I refute it thus." is a full sentence quote that happens
         | to come at the end of a sentence. It's _consistent_ and
         | _simple_ , as opposed to a special rule that says you can elide
         | the outer `.` if (1) the quote ends in a `.` and (2) the quote
         | is the final element of a sentence.
        
         | nxpnsv wrote:
         | I logged in to write that it should be like this. Until the
         | world changes, I use the British approach unless someone
         | complains too much.
        
         | Xen0byte wrote:
         | Exactly, both approaches in the article are wrong, and this is
         | the only way to write the sentence correctly. Each sentence
         | needs to end in a punctuation mark, regardless of whether it's
         | between quotes or not.
        
         | psychoslave wrote:
         | Just don't put a ended sentence at the end of something that is
         | not yet a finished utterance.
         | 
         | It's always possible to make a full sentence quotation after a
         | colon, possibly using indentation:                 With just
         | enough of learning to misquote.         -- Lord Byron
         | 
         | This can be even more explicit:                 "One whom it is
         | easier to hate, but still easier to quote."         --
         | Alexander Pope
         | 
         | Or you can also opt for inner quotation lightly altering the
         | typography, like "quotation is the highest compliment you can
         | pay to an author", which is actually an excerpt from the wider
         | quotation:                 "Quotation is the highest compliment
         | you can pay to an author. Perhaps the next highest is, when a
         | writer of any kind is so considerable that you go to the labor
         | and pains of endeavoring to refute him before the public, the
         | very doing of which is an incidental admission of his talent
         | and power."         -- Anonymous
        
         | Aeolun wrote:
         | I like the consistency of always having my punctuation inside
         | quotes if a quote is there.
         | 
         | Having to make the extra decision on whether the punctuation
         | should be in, or outside the quote is too much to think about.
        
         | soheil wrote:
         | No, because you will still need to apply a special case to stop
         | the recursion of putting a period after a period forever. If a
         | sentence ends in a period then what ends the expression that
         | contains the sentence and the period? Answer: another period
         | because you can think of that expression as a sentence too. So
         | you need a special case that says if there are going to be two
         | periods next to each other then terminate the recursion.
         | Similarly your .". asinine suggestion fails since it implicitly
         | invokes a special rule, but is worse than the elegant special
         | rule of just having one period.
        
         | jjgreen wrote:
         | _. "._ does look rather like a hairy Kilroy
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilroy_was_here
        
           | Y_Y wrote:
           | I bet we'll see a "hairy Kilroy" operator in the next Haskell
           | library for meromorphic lens co-combinators.
        
             | thewakalix wrote:
             | Unfortunately, the quotation mark is not a valid operator
             | character.
        
         | lalaithion wrote:
         | Technically, "I refute it thus" and "I refute it thus." are
         | both valid quotations of a source that contains, in its
         | entirety, "I refute it thus."
        
           | recursive wrote:
           | Is "rig" a valid quotation of "dirigibility"?
           | 
           | Is "go there" a valid quotation of "never go there"?
        
         | programmer_dude wrote:
         | I feel the period inside quotes is redundant. The last
         | quotation mark can signal both: end of quote and end of
         | sentence within the quote. Though it gets complicated when
         | there are multiple sentences within the quote.
         | 
         | > Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
         | rebounded, "I refute it thus. I refute it thus".
         | 
         | This looks "unbalanced" to me.
        
         | erwald wrote:
         | yep, I do mention this approach in a footnote, though it looks
         | kinda awkward to me. maybe just because I'm not used to it.
         | it's definitely not necessary for reading aloud, where it's
         | enough to know that there's a punctuation there. but when
         | reading silently it does make more sense.
        
         | Y_Y wrote:
         | I strongly agree.
         | 
         | While we're on the topic, all the journals I'm familiar with
         | require punctuation like full stops (aka periods) to be
         | included in displaystyle maths expressions. There is a some
         | logical justification for this, but it looks awful, and can be
         | downright confusing depending on the sort of notation employed.
         | It particularly irks me to see a spare comma tagged on to the
         | end of a tensor calculus expression, that's supposed to be
         | understood in the context of the surrounding prose, rather than
         | the adjecant mathematical expression.
        
         | dgb23 wrote:
         | Footnote from the article:
         | 
         | > More logical still would be to have two periods, one marking
         | the end of the quoted sentence and the other the end of the
         | top-level sentence. But that would be redundant and also look
         | ugly.
         | 
         | I agree with you in principle, but aesthetics matter!
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | Whenever I ask my English teacher wife about this sort of thing
         | she reminds me that punctuation is rhetorical.
         | 
         | If it's important to the writer that what is quoted be
         | identified as a sentence then I agree with you, and I'm going
         | to start using that construction in my writing.
         | 
         | But when it comes to quoting words people say, is often good
         | enough to just quote the words.
         | 
         | When you store a command in a string, to you include the
         | trailing newline? I usually don't, but it'll always depend on
         | the use case.
        
         | rekoil wrote:
         | This is how I always do it.
         | 
         | I don't care what other people think, this is the only thing
         | that makes sense if you ask me.
        
         | kevinmgranger wrote:
         | It sounds like we need a ligature that puts the quotation mark
         | directly over the punctuation.
        
         | bloak wrote:
         | > Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
         | rebounded, "I refute it thus.".
         | 
         | Well, I don't really like that: it just doesn't look nice to
         | me. I would suggest one of the following:
         | 
         |  _Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
         | rebounded, "I refute it thus"._
         | 
         | You've chosen not to quote the full stop. There's no law that
         | says you have to include everything in the quotation, right?
         | 
         |  _Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
         | rebounded: "I refute it thus."_
         | 
         | This also works if the quoted sentence ends with a question or
         | exclamation mark.
         | 
         | It's a shame that punctuation of human languages can't be
         | logical, but it seems that we're stuck with inconsistent
         | requirements and messy compromises. Cases like the following
         | really confuse and annoy me:
         | 
         |  _"On the other hand[,]"[,] she said, "we could wait till
         | dark[.]"[.]_
         | 
         | (Should that depend on whether the original spoken sentence
         | would, if written, contain a comma after "hand"?)
        
           | sbuk wrote:
           | Typographically, the first comma is redundant, as it's
           | implied in the break;
           | 
           |  _" On the other hand", she said, "we could wait 'til dark"._
        
           | 0x000000001 wrote:
           | > Well, I don't really like that: it just doesn't look nice
           | to me.
           | 
           | Well, I don't really like that; it just doesn't look nice to
           | me.
        
           | KronisLV wrote:
           | > There's no law that says you have to include everything in
           | the quotation, right?
           | 
           | Oh, if only languages worked so consistently.
           | DESCRIPTION_OF_WHAT_WAS_SAID: "$(DIRECT_QUOTE.)".
           | 
           | Then again, in programming things don't always nest either,
           | since sub shell calls have all sorts of oddities in regards
           | to escape sequences.
           | 
           | Has there ever been a case of anything nesting nicely, be it
           | in languages, programming, or any other medium of writing?
           | Maybe XML? I'm not sure.
        
             | arethuza wrote:
             | I guess that's what XML namespaces were supposed to allow.
             | 
             | Reality seemed to involve eldritch abominations like one
             | system I encountered that had entire Base64 encoded XML
             | documents embedded as attribute values in a higher level
             | document and then this approach applied recursively....
             | 
             | Edit: Of course, this wasn't XMLs fault - but for some
             | reason a lot of XML used in the "enterprise" world seemed
             | to be primarily designed to eat the soul of whoever gazed
             | upon it.
        
             | maybeOneDay wrote:
             | > Has there ever been a case of anything nesting nicely, be
             | it in languages, programming, or any other medium of
             | writing? Maybe XML? I'm not sure.
             | 
             | JSON?
        
               | KronisLV wrote:
               | Not quite, in practice you still occasionally stumble
               | upon situations like these:
               | https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51974631/how-do-i-
               | proper...
               | 
               | Or this:
               | https://github.com/spaceghoul/json_deep_parse#example-
               | usage-...
        
               | maybeOneDay wrote:
               | I see what you mean, but the first appears to be a PHP
               | bug (unless I am misreading?).
               | 
               | The second, appears to be a tool for parsing a json blob
               | which has been escaped and encoded as a simple string
               | inside another json blob. That's certainly an interesting
               | problem, and one that is likely to come up in a
               | sufficiently complicated world - however it's not an
               | issue with parsing JSON. It's an issue with parsing /any/
               | data structure or language that may contain strings and
               | as such seems unavoidable.
        
               | KronisLV wrote:
               | > It's an issue with parsing /any/ data structure or
               | language that may contain strings and as such seems
               | unavoidable.
               | 
               | Except for a data format which would allow embedding data
               | in a nested fashion without altering it in any way. For
               | example:                 some_object_field: "some value"
               | some_other_field:         with_sub_objects:
               | and_sub_fields: "with values"       and_also_fields:
               | """           which_allow_objects:
               | embedded_as_strings: "without transforming the structure"
               | which_both: "JSON and XML"             have_somewhat:
               | "failed to do"           #""" control sequences should
               | also be valid in the body, as long as there is proper
               | indentation, a la Python           # which could then be
               | simply stripped for display, for example, based on the
               | first """ having N indentation           # then it would
               | follow that the rest of the data entries have
               | N+TAB_WIDTH, which could be simply stripped           #
               | also, processing the beginning of every line would be
               | less expensive than iterating through the entire line in
               | search of escaped \n or anything of the sort         """
               | 
               | Multi-line strings in JSON are also an embarrassment:
               | https://stackoverflow.com/a/2392888
               | 
               | As a consequence, the amount of parsing and processing
               | that you need to do is really bad for performance. Of
               | course, there are formats like YAML and TOML that go in
               | the opposite direction - they try to cover all use cases
               | and end up being overcomplicated.
               | 
               | There are occasionally other attempts like JSON5 to
               | improve things: https://json5.org/
               | 
               | However those also oftentimes are not very popular,
               | because there is just too much ecosystem that has been
               | built around the older formats, like XML, JSON and even
               | YAML.
        
           | maddyboo wrote:
           | > It's a shame that the punctuation of human languages can't
           | be logical.                   s/the punctuation of //
        
             | eurasiantiger wrote:
             | Lojban is a human language, even if it is not a natural
             | language.
        
               | mjochim wrote:
               | Lojban also hasn't shown that it would retain its
               | principles after years of broad day-to-day usage. And I
               | dare speculate that it would not.
        
           | laborat wrote:
           | But what would you do if Dr Johnson was surprised, and you
           | yourself were shouting, i.e.:
           | 
           |  _Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
           | rebounded: "I refute it thus?"!_
           | 
           | AFAICS, the only way to render this faithfully is the way I
           | just did. In other words, you really do need the punctuation
           | both of the outer sentence and the inner sentence. By
           | extension, the only logical approach for the original
           | sentence would be:
           | 
           |  _Dr Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
           | rebounded: "I refute it thus."._
           | 
           | On a different note, might I use this moment to complain
           | about American books not closing quotations, if they continue
           | on onto a new paragraph, _and then opening them again_? I.e.:
           | 
           |  _John said: "I have two things to say._
           | 
           |  _" One of these things is this._
           | 
           |  _" The other thing is this."_
        
             | dTal wrote:
             | The quotation thing is irritating if you treat them like
             | matched parentheses, but if you allow the opening and
             | closing quotes to have different meanings, there is a
             | logical interpretation. The opening quote is required
             | syntax for the beginning of any quoted paragraph, so that
             | the reader is reminded that we're still in an extended
             | quote. The closing quote means "this person is finished
             | speaking, and the next quote may be assumed to be a
             | different person." The advantage is the streamlining of
             | longer exchanges:
             | 
             |  _John spoke to Paul. John said: "I have two things to say.
             | 
             | "One of the things is this."
             | 
             | "What's the other?"
             | 
             | "The other thing is this."_
             | 
             | Even in the purest programming languages, we're happy to
             | design special-case idioms that sacrifice perfect
             | orthogonality for better human factors, provided there's an
             | unambiguous parse. Scheme provides (define <identifier>
             | <expression>) - utterly elementary. Yet defining functions
             | by binding identifiers to anonymous lambdas is so annoying
             | that an unneccesary and inconsistent second syntax is
             | provided, (define (<identifier <args...>) <expression>).
        
             | nicwolff wrote:
             | Eh? Standard American and British usage is the same with
             | regard to quotes that span multiple paragraphs. Given that
             | it's understood that speakers can alternate without each
             | quote being attributed, e.g.:
             | 
             |  _Bob said: "Any opinion on this, John?"_
             | 
             |  _John said: "I have two things to say."_
             | 
             |  _" What are they?"_
             | 
             |  _" One of these things is this._
             | 
             |  _" The other thing is this."_
             | 
             | - how would you punctuate that? If you close each paragraph
             | with a quote, then there's no way to tell who's speaking
             | except to label each paragraph:
             | 
             |  _Bob said: "Any opinion on this, John?"_
             | 
             |  _John said: "I have two things to say."_
             | 
             |  _Bob asked: "What are they?"_
             | 
             |  _John answered: "One of these things is this."_
             | 
             |  _John continued: "The other thing is this."_
             | 
             | And if you don't _open_ each quoted paragraph with a quote,
             | it 's very hard to tell which paragraphs are quoted:
             | 
             |  _John said: "I have two things to say._
             | 
             |  _One of these things is this._
             | 
             |  _The other thing is this. "_
             | 
             |  _The third thing, he kept to himself._
        
           | bottled_poe wrote:
           | And what about when the quoted text is two sentences? Do we
           | write a full stop for the first sentence, but not the second?
        
         | odiroot wrote:
         | I wrote my whole master thesis as you describe. It was logical
         | to me. Then my promotor complained that it's not correct so I
         | had to go through whole 100+ pages to correct all the
         | instances.
        
           | soheil wrote:
           | /\."\./, /\."/
        
             | odiroot wrote:
             | I also did the same for parenthesis, so would need to
             | double the cases :)
        
               | soheil wrote:
               | /\.([^\w])\./, /\.$1/
        
           | enriquto wrote:
           | why? can't it be solved by a sed script with less than ten
           | characters?
        
             | canadianfella wrote:
             | Why don't you write that script for us.
        
         | donatj wrote:
         | I would vote omit the punctuation from the original quote
         | unless it adds something of particular value, which that period
         | doesn't seem to?
        
       | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
       | I'm an American and was taught the British Style as correct US
       | English. I didn't realize there were different styles - I just
       | figured some folks got it wrong sometimes.
        
       | lenocinor wrote:
       | Somewhat related -- in my experience reading news articles
       | online, it seems like more and more often I'm seeing the period
       | migrate outside parentheses for full sentences. Has anyone else
       | noticed this trend?
        
       | simiones wrote:
       | I think the example sentence contains the worst corner-case of
       | such a system. In general, the . at the end of sentence is the
       | least necessary punctuation mark, and quotations of neutral
       | statements should just always omit it.
       | 
       | For example, "this is how a neutral sentence should look like", I
       | would say. I don't think "they saw a vase." looks good even in
       | the middle of a sentence. However, "do I have a question?", or "I
       | am exclaiming something!" do need their punctuation to make
       | sense. Now, it's more ugly when you finish a neutral sentence a
       | quote like "I am surprised!".
       | 
       | Of course, there will be cases, especially in literature, where
       | the . will actually add something to the emphasis of a quote. For
       | example, "I have said it all." could be used to emphasize the
       | period itself - but in those cases, jarring punctuation like
       | `.".` or `.",` would actually help to emphasize the importance of
       | the period.
        
         | CRConrad wrote:
         | > For example, "I have said it all." could be used to emphasize
         | the period itself - but in those cases, jarring punctuation
         | like `.".` or `.",` would actually help to emphasize the
         | importance of the period.
         | 
         | Even there, doing it like you did and putting the quoted
         | sentence in the middle, not at the end, of the outer one looks
         | about a gazillion times better
        
       | kdeldycke wrote:
       | I tried to implement some linting rules for quotation mark and
       | punctuation once. Took me way too much time and effort. It's
       | mostly trial and error but good enough I guess to highlight the
       | most blatant abuses.
       | 
       | Anyway, here is the code:
       | https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome-lint/pull/101/files
        
       | somishere wrote:
       | Logical aspirations aside, punctuation is largely meant to aid in
       | reading.
       | 
       | While some marks provide emphasis, most (other than suggesting
       | connectivity) denote a length of pause.
       | 
       | Punctuation (or lack thereof) that pulls you out of the flow of
       | the reading is, IMHO, really not in the spirit of things ;)
        
       | insickness wrote:
       | If you were surprised that someone calmly said, "I can't do
       | that," how would you write it?
       | 
       | This would not convey the correct meaning: She said, "I can't do
       | that!"
       | 
       | This looks incorrect: She said, "I can't do that"!
       | 
       | This looks incorrect as well: She said, "I can't do that."!
        
         | ycombinete wrote:
         | The middle one looks the best. I think the simple answer would
         | be to convey it with words instead of an explanation point.
        
       | kevwil wrote:
       | I am American and can't help but wonder if this is a subtle
       | British joke. This is just poor grammar based on how I was
       | taught, so perhaps some Brits think it's cheeky to call it
       | "American Style", like an American calling a dull stick a
       | "British toothbrush". If so, well played. If not, no harm done,
       | just don't use "American Style".
        
         | drivers99 wrote:
         | Not a joke. I thought the article was going to be about using
         | single quotes vs double quotes. This article mentions that
         | difference as being a reason typographers would put the
         | punctuation inside vs outside the (double) quotes.
         | https://style.mla.org/punctuation-and-quotation-marks/
        
       | dhosek wrote:
       | The British style works best with the Penguin style of using
       | single quotes for the outer level of quotation rather than double
       | quotes. Part of the reason we write "this." is for esthetics.
       | Compare:
       | 
       | "this."
       | 
       | "this".
       | 
       | 'this'.
       | 
       | The middle version looks objectively worse than the first or
       | last.
        
         | scott_to_s wrote:
         | The middle version really doesn't look worse. Perhaps you are
         | just conditioned to read the US version and so your aesthetics
         | have been changed by the familiarity with the US format?
        
         | optymizer wrote:
         | What makes it _objectively_ worse? Subjectively, I think it
         | looks better than the first one and as good as the last one.
        
           | dhosek wrote:
           | The period gets pushed out into isolation by the quotation
           | marks. In Verdana, which is the default font for text on HN,
           | " is fairly narrow, but for other typefaces, the effect is
           | quite dramatic.
        
       | ponco wrote:
       | I genuinely love how American, Australian, and British, English
       | all differ in these subtle ways. I think another example that
       | gets me is: `e.g.` vs `e.g.,` MS Word favours the `e.g.,` which I
       | never see in Australian English.
        
         | open-source-ux wrote:
         | There are so many small differences between English language
         | flavours, it's fascinating.
         | 
         | Going off on a tangent, here's a random example...
         | 
         | The way brackets/parentheses are referred to in American
         | English vs British English is different.
         | 
         |  _In the US_ :
         | 
         | () = parentheses
         | 
         | [] = brackets
         | 
         | {} = braces (or curly braces)
         | 
         | <> = angle brackets
         | 
         |  _In the UK_ :
         | 
         | () = brackets (or 'round brackets')
         | 
         | [] = square brackets
         | 
         | {} = curly brackets
         | 
         | <> = angle brackets (or angled brackets)
         | 
         | I prefer the UK version because it is simpler and feels
         | logical. Plus, the word 'parentheses' is a mouthful :-)
        
           | dcminter wrote:
           | I'm British and have worked in the US so I've used most if
           | not all of these forms.
           | 
           | I'm not sure why the British one feels more logical to you,
           | but I don't feel strongly drawn to either so probably it's
           | more about familiarity.
           | 
           | > Plus, the word 'parentheses' is a mouthful :-)
           | 
           | There's a certain flow to the term "parenthetical" that I
           | enjoy too! Alas I am entirely too parenthetic in my own
           | writing and thus spend an annoying amount of time eliding the
           | parentheticals :)
        
           | flurdy wrote:
           | Surely {} = squiggly brackets ?
        
             | a9h74j wrote:
             | When writing code by hand I literally just draw mirrored
             | squiggles. (On inspection, only the first stroke at the top
             | reliably indicates direction.)
        
             | frosted-flakes wrote:
             | Logically, yes, but "curly brackets" is the only term I
             | have ever heard used for these types of brackets. In
             | Canada, which tends to use a lot of UK-isms.
        
             | Izkata wrote:
             | I work with UK and US people regularly, and despite not
             | being an official name this is the only name for those
             | characters that everyone has automatically understood.
        
           | Accacin wrote:
           | Huh, I'm from the UK and use the American versions. They
           | American ones feel more logical to me. Probably all the
           | programming books I read used the word 'parentheses' (:
        
           | tsujp wrote:
           | {} are also referred to as handlebars, I've had a few
           | American colleagues use that.
        
       | hibbelig wrote:
       | I think the argument for the American style is aesthetics. I
       | don't like it, but I can understand that there are people who
       | prefer what looks better. TFA did not address this at all, which
       | is a pity.
        
         | mdp2021 wrote:
         | > _the argument for the American style is aesthetics_
         | 
         | Absorption of set theory should make one cringe at 'Abc def.
         | Ghi jkl. Mnop "qrs." Tuv...'. The quotation marks are logically
         | included in the section beginning with 'M', then visually
         | escape it.
        
           | mdp2021 wrote:
           | (Sorry I was rushing and could not ponder more to complete
           | the above as desired)
           | 
           | ...It is as if one wrote,
           | 
           |  _[Abc def] [Ghi jkl] [Mnop (qrs]) [Tuv..._
        
         | programmer_dude wrote:
         | FWIW the British style looks more aesthetically pleasing to me.
         | The American style reminds me of inappropriately mixed
         | brackets: [(]). Cringe.
        
           | blitzar wrote:
           | > for the American style is aesthetics
           | 
           | Why would you make a style choice to make something less
           | aesthetically pleasing?
        
             | programmer_dude wrote:
             | I wouldn't and I don't think I am. The American style is
             | not aesthetically pleasing at all. I think you misread my
             | comment or replied to me accidentally.
        
               | blitzar wrote:
               | I am in agreement with you - I didnt even know this so
               | called american style existed untill now, it makes no
               | sense at all.
        
           | a9h74j wrote:
           | Oddly, perhaps, I wish programming languages _would_ allow or
           | require mixed brackets when working with open- and /or
           | closed-ended ranges.
        
       | plandis wrote:
       | The article is written by a German who probably learned British
       | English, so in effect this is some guy telling people they should
       | write in the way OP learned to write?
       | 
       | How did this make it to the front page of HN?
        
       | SerLava wrote:
       | Call it "logical quotation" vs "typesetter's quotation".
       | 
       | The American/British dividing line is extremely hazy, and only
       | really cements the typesetter's quotations in the minds of
       | Americans.
        
       | teddyh wrote:
       | _Hackers tend to use quotes as balanced delimiters like
       | parentheses, much to the dismay of American editors. Thus, if
       | "Jim is going" is a phrase, and so are "Bill runs" and "Spock
       | groks", then hackers generally prefer to write: "Jim is going",
       | "Bill runs", and "Spock groks". This is incorrect according to
       | standard American usage (which would put the continuation commas
       | and the final period inside the string quotes); however, it is
       | counter-intuitive to hackers to mutilate literal strings with
       | characters that don 't belong in them. Given the sorts of
       | examples that can come up in discussions of programming,
       | American-style quoting can even be grossly misleading. When
       | communicating command lines or small pieces of code, extra
       | characters can be a real pain in the neck._
       | 
       | -- http://www.catb.org/~esr/jargon/html/writing-style.html
        
         | tablespoon wrote:
         | I just use American-style except in cases where it would
         | introduce confusion, since it does in fact look better on the
         | page.
        
           | robotresearcher wrote:
           | Not if you are used to the British style.
           | 
           | Here's something that might clinch it for you:
           | 
           | Does this "look better on the page"?
           | 
           | Does this "look better on the page?"
           | 
           | The former must be correct, since the quote was not a
           | question, and turning it into one would not be a fair
           | quotation. Why should its status as a question change where
           | we put the end of sentence marker?
           | 
           | The same argument applies to the period, since the quoted
           | phrase may not have included one.
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > Not if you are used to the British style.
             | 
             | It's not a "used to" thing. The British style introduces
             | white space gaps that don't look good. It's like ending a
             | sentence with a space .
             | 
             | > The former must be correct
             | 
             | IMHO, "correctness" in the sense of "here's exact the
             | character string that occurred in that other document, and
             | anything else is wrong," is kind of a programmer POV. A
             | looser sense of correctness is perfectly fine.
        
               | robotresearcher wrote:
               | > The British style introduces white space gaps that
               | don't look good.
               | 
               | Sure they do, to me. The comma you inserted between the
               | end of the quote and the closing quotation mark looks bad
               | to me, because I have a strong expectation of the
               | opposite. That esthetic feeling you have is how 'used to'
               | manifests.
               | 
               | Also the US spelling of 'esthetic' is ugly to those
               | expecting 'aesthetic'. I'm sure the British spelling
               | looks pretentious to Americans.
        
             | pge wrote:
             | Note that both American and British usage put a question
             | mark outside the quotation marks. Only periods and commas
             | are placed within the quotation marks in American style.
        
               | gnicholas wrote:
               | Nit: unless the question mark is part of the quote
               | itself.
               | 
               | He asked her, "do you prefer the American style?"
        
         | TechBro8615 wrote:
         | That's why we have backticks for inline code to resolve this
         | ambiguity.
         | 
         | Also, by this and the author's argument, shouldn't there
         | actually be two periods? One inside the quote and one outside?
         | (The author does address this, to their credit.).
        
         | arp242 wrote:
         | I've always written it in "British style" myself because that's
         | what we do in Dutch and I never considered there might be
         | another way to do things, and it wasn't until someone
         | "corrected" me just a few years ago that I even noticed the
         | "American style" exists, in spite of having read countless
         | books and articles which use it. Even now, when reading
         | something I don't really notice unless I pay attention to it.
         | 
         | Based on this, I think it doesn't really matter, either in
         | aesthetics or clarity.
        
           | GekkePrutser wrote:
           | Also, us Dutch get taught British English at school so it
           | makes sense for us even in English.
        
         | SllX wrote:
         | It's an aesthetic choice in the end. If I could put the period
         | below the quotation mark, then I would do so as I already do in
         | writing.
        
           | ARandomerDude wrote:
           | > It's an aesthetic choice in the end.
           | 
           | AEsthetic is misplaced pedantry, since the word comes from
           | Greek through German, rather than Latin.
           | 
           | https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=aesthetic
        
             | Igelau wrote:
             | > misplaced pedantry
             | 
             | Them's mighty strong words there.
             | 
             | > since the word comes from Greek through German, rather
             | than Latin.
             | 
             | That's not a rule. Remember, this is language. It does
             | seems like a dated spelling though, similar to "cooperate".
             | It shows up in 19th century publishing.
        
               | arp242 wrote:
               | I still see it in some publications on occasion, but it's
               | rare. I often write it as "cooperate" myself as well; it
               | clarifies that the o starts a new syllable and that it's
               | "co-operate" rather than "coo-perate" with a single long
               | o sound: it's just something you need to know. I find it
               | regrettable that this has fallen out of favour, and
               | especially with English becoming the de-facto world
               | language I think there's some value in making the
               | spelling and pronunciation closer when possible.
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | It is regrettable. As far as I know, the _New Yorker_ is
               | the only major publication that upholds the honor of the
               | dieresis.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | esquivalience wrote:
             | This is all sorts of meta.
        
               | yosito wrote:
               | *metae
        
               | mkaic wrote:
               | *maetae
        
               | jschulenklopper wrote:
               | Meta is a four-letter word.
        
         | montag wrote:
         | I have to say, a career in software engineering has destroyed
         | my enthusiasm for this typographically-motivated punctuation
         | rule. And I had no idea it was just an American thing.
        
       | ddek wrote:
       | Interesting. I've always used the 'British Style', but in a
       | mid-90s junior school in Scotland I was taught to always end
       | quotations with punctuation. I guess I just rebelled.
        
       | 7402 wrote:
       | Grownups don't worry about this stuff. Just like they don't worry
       | about which programming language style guide to use.
       | 
       | If you're writing for an American audience, use American style.
       | If you're writing for a British audience, use British style. If
       | you're writing a journal article, or for a business, use whatever
       | style everyone else there uses. If you're writing for yourself,
       | use what you like.
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | > Grownups don't worry about this stuff.
         | 
         | Community guidelines[0]:
         | 
         | - When disagreeing, please reply to the argument instead of
         | calling names.
         | 
         | - Be kind. Don't be snarky. Have curious conversation; don't
         | cross-examine. Please don't fulminate. Please don't sneer,
         | including at the rest of the community.
         | 
         | Insinuating that anyone who wishes to discuss this topic isn't
         | a "grownup" seemingly violates two maybe three guidelines. Your
         | comment without the first sentence would have been more
         | constructive.
         | 
         | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
       | jameshart wrote:
       | I think, given that this is just _some guy's opinion_ (it's not
       | like this is someone who has a job as a professional copyeditor
       | or publisher of a respected style guide), the only real takeaway
       | most people should take from this is:
       | 
       | There are various conventions you can adopt around quoted
       | punctuation
       | 
       | You, as an individual writer of English prose, have the option of
       | adopting a style you prefer
       | 
       | It's okay for reasonable people to disagree about that
        
         | BugWatch wrote:
         | Basically, all interpunction characters have started as "some
         | guy's opinion".
         | 
         | All graphemes for the characters, too.
         | 
         | I know the "rules", but I've been also intentionally writing it
         | in what I refer to as "functional style", e.g.:
         | 
         | """ Greg's reaction was "But what of the otters?!". Mary's
         | "Nobody cares about otters!" was received with a stunned shock.
         | Joseph calmly said "I'm ambivalent.". But Ophelia just "didn't
         | care".
         | 
         | After hearing about the whole ordeal, Mary's brother was livid:
         | "<<Nobody cares about otters!>>?! She's a bloody
         | otterologist!"... and then he visibly shook, and his face
         | blanked as he slowly collapsed into his armchair, looking
         | broken, repeatingly mumbling to himself "Illogical...
         | illogical...".
         | 
         | """
         | 
         | First three are verbatim restated statements; fourth is a
         | partial and/or summary statement (no quoted punctuation); fifth
         | is a very complex example (and a long [but fully functional!]
         | sentence.
         | 
         | We also need light-, mid-, heavy-strength commas. :p
        
       | rozab wrote:
       | I was typing out an explanation/justification to the effect that
       | when speaking aloud, the punctuation at the end of the sentence
       | is 'heard' in the last word, even if the word is quoted. We
       | insert a pause before the start of the quote to indicate it was
       | direct, but there isn't a way of indicating whether, say, a
       | question mark belongs inside or outside the quotation.
       | 
       | But then I sounded out some examples in my head and realised it
       | would be totally obvious. The inflection of the question is
       | apparent from the beginning of the fragment (?), not just from
       | the inflection on the last word. I knew this already, of course,
       | but I didn't really _grok_ it, I guess because of the limitations
       | of how we write out punctuation in English.
        
         | john-aj wrote:
         | Also, aren't questions marked primarily by word order rather
         | than intonation in English?
        
           | chromatin wrote:
           | Re. Intonation: I actually distinctly remember my first grade
           | teacher having us practice a rising tone at the end of a
           | "question sentence". (US, 1980)
           | 
           | Also I remember being taught quite rigidly the "A,Eric an"
           | style of quotation-punctuation relationship, and I naturally
           | rejected it from the beginning as illogical.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | There are several kinds of questions.
           | 
           | The intonation that people think of as characterizing
           | questions is actually specific to yes/no questions. It can be
           | the only feature that marks the sentence as interrogative:
           | "You know him?" is a valid sentence, and it is distinct from
           | the indicative "You know him."
           | 
           | There are also what I think of as "question word" questions,
           | and you might think of as "fill in the blank" questions: "Why
           | are you here?"
           | 
           | These do not necessarily have the intonation that applies to
           | yes/no questions. Like yes/no questions, they are
           | characterized by subject-auxiliary inversion (the word order
           | constraint you mention), and also like yes/no questions, that
           | inversion is not guaranteed to be present in a question of
           | this type: "Who sent you?"
           | 
           | (Note that inversion is _possible_ for  "You know him?" ("Do
           | you know him?") and impossible for "Who sent you?"; these are
           | different phenomena.)
           | 
           | I would argue that the yes/no question is primarily marked by
           | intonation and the question-word question is primarily marked
           | by the presence of a question word. Word order is affected in
           | both cases, but not the primary indicator of what's going on.
           | (Compare "He said _what_ to the king? " - again, inversion is
           | possible here ("What did he say to the king?"), but not
           | required. In this case, the inverted version of the question
           | is unmarked (normal), and the uninverted version suggests
           | that the speaker wishes to place a special emphasis on
           | something.)
        
           | Spivak wrote:
           | Sentences of the form <some_statement>? with rising
           | intonation are common and mean roughly <some_statement>,
           | right? or <some_statement>, yes? There's no marker other than
           | the intonation when spoken or the question mark when written
           | to indicate that it's a question.
        
       | gerikson wrote:
       | The linked article correctly uses "British" to denote the style
       | of punctuation, I do not understand why OP decided to use
       | "English" which implies that people in Scotland and Northern
       | Ireland might punctuate differently.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | > _I do not understand why OP decided to use "English" which
         | implies that people in Scotland and Northern Ireland might
         | punctuate differently._
         | 
         | Not sure about the author, but for several countries "English"
         | is colloqualy used as a stand-in for British in general (and
         | England for the UK), as those were the British they most
         | commonly met.
        
           | Veen wrote:
           | It's best not to though, unless you want to annoy people from
           | Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Most English people
           | will consider it a sign of ignorance too. Beyond that, the
           | "colloquial" use is simply incorrect.
        
             | coldtea wrote:
             | > _Beyond that, the "colloquial" use is simply incorrect._
             | 
             | Doesn't matter, language follows use, not etymology or
             | geography. If a term has been established as something (in
             | actual use) then it will be used, doesn't matter if it's
             | not technically correct (same way "Indians" was used for
             | centuries for Native Americans, and only fell out of use
             | because of political concerns, not because it was also
             | obviously incorrect and based on a misunderstanding of a
             | whole continent).
        
         | erwald wrote:
         | uhm, good point, fixed. that was just a mistake.
         | 
         | edit: for the record, I wrote the article and also posted it
         | here. so I figured I could take the liberty of changing the
         | title when sharing here.
        
         | dgb23 wrote:
         | Also the article's title is more juicy. HN sometimes goes
         | overboard with editing titles. I guess it is a matter of taste.
        
           | gerikson wrote:
           | This is an interesting service to track this sort of thing:
           | 
           | https://hackernewstitles.netlify.app/
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | I switch between the american style for persuasion, and the
       | british style for precision. Am also Canadian, so a metanational
       | approach is normal here. I also keep copies of the Chicago Manual
       | and Strunk & White, which are useful for knowing which rules to
       | break. Ain't never had much of a problem, consequently.
        
       | brianmcc wrote:
       | Lovely, the grammatical equivalent of where we put our braces,
       | same-line vs new-line :-)
        
         | CRConrad wrote:
         | Fifty-fifty: Opening same, closing new. I'll die on this hill!
        
       | kwertyoowiyop wrote:
       | It is classic HN that this is one of the most active posts of the
       | week!
        
       | ur-whale wrote:
       | About as good as I can think of a perfect example of a first
       | world problem.
        
       | transfire wrote:
       | I imagine it depends on what you are trying to say...
       | 
       | He said, "Will you?" I said, "No!"
       | 
       | He said, "Will you"? I said, "No"!
       | 
       | He said, "Will you?". I said, "No!".
       | 
       | He said, "Will you?"!? I said, "No!" ;)
        
       | cool-RR wrote:
       | > There is no reason that there should be two different
       | approaches to punctuation in the English language.
       | 
       | If you want to go that route, there's no reason for there to be
       | more than one language on Earth.
       | 
       | Any attempt to research linguistics should respect the fact that
       | people _want_ to be different from each other, and see that as a
       | valid reason.
        
       | trzeci wrote:
       | Which makes no sense IMHO is to use "" instead of "". But it
       | could be my OCD also.
        
         | Y_Y wrote:
         | It's all fun and games until you try to copy the "66 and
         | 99"-style quotes from one place to another, or your "helpful"
         | text editor automagically makes a mess of them. It's a pity no
         | good ``asymmetric'' style ever really took off in English. I'm
         | particularly fond of the French <<chevrons>>, and relatedly,
         | !Spanish exclamations!
         | 
         | [?]Why has not yet the opening interrobang received similarly
         | wide adoption!?
        
           | iggldiggl wrote:
           | I don't really like the dedicated interrobang character,
           | because it loses the distinction between ?! and !?, which is
           | probably rather subtle, but to my mind definitively there.
        
             | joombaga wrote:
             | How would you define "?!" vs "!?" ? I agree they're
             | different. To me the "greater" feeling comes second. "?!"
             | is more surprising, while "!?" is more confusing. With "!?"
             | the feelings are equal.
        
               | willhinsa wrote:
               | I agree with you on !?, but differ with you on the "!?"
               | and "?!" -- for me, the first character is the stronger
               | marker of sentiment.
        
               | rplst8 wrote:
               | If I could roughly generalize the sentiment:
               | 
               |  _Are you just going to stand there and lie through your
               | teeth?!_
               | 
               |  _Have you ever seen such an amazing sunset!?_
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | _Are you just going to stand there and tell me this isn
               | 't the most amazing sunset you've ever seen!?_
        
               | CRConrad wrote:
               | So you're with joombaga, not willhimsa -- right?
        
               | iggldiggl wrote:
               | I'd tend towards willhinsa and yes, I'd rather switch the
               | question and exclamation marks around in rplst8's
               | examples.
        
               | joombaga wrote:
               | My thought is that punctuation "terminates" a sentence,
               | and so the mark that's further to the right is
               | "terminated" later, therefore it more represents the
               | overall sentiment. The left punctuation mark is like a
               | modifier; it's an adjective before a noun.
        
               | iggldiggl wrote:
               | I think I'd agree with that, too, i.e. the first
               | character being the stronger marker.
        
             | Y_Y wrote:
             | I would argue that those two choices remain available to
             | you, and that you can reach even finer levels of subtlety
             | by using (or conspicuously not using) the interrobang.
             | 
             | (Just don't use "??!" because that's a trigraph for "|".)
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | OCD would use the former as those are more proper typographical
         | quotes. Straight edge quotes is a computer text thing, not a
         | typographical convention for regular prose.
        
           | trzeci wrote:
           | You're right. I used to programming quotes so much that every
           | variation from it makes a pain. Especially mentioned below
           | the automatic quote replacement by some text editor. Which
           | does not make sense for me, when I paste a code snippet.
           | 
           | Another pain is when I see such code snippets on the web.
           | 
           | For the clarity, it's not only the US quotes I have a problem
           | with. Other languages have also their corks:
           | 
           | - PL: ,,quote"
           | 
           | - PL: ,quote' (single variant)
           | 
           | - PL: 'quote' (british variant)
           | 
           | - FR: <<quote>>
           | 
           | - DE: >>quote<<
        
             | rjsw wrote:
             | One thing that irritates me is seeing "foreign" quoting
             | styles in English, do editors or keyboard settings do this
             | automatically ?
             | 
             | If I'm writing French then I will use <<quote>>, I don't
             | mix things between languages.
        
               | frosted-flakes wrote:
               | I could say the same about punctuation spacing. For some
               | reason, I see this mistake a lot in some places like
               | Quora (which is popular in India): "Putting the space
               | before punctuation ,like this .It drives me nuts .How
               | could anyone ever think that is correct ?"
               | 
               | Also, French conventions like putting the dollar sign
               | after the amount (123$), or spaces in between all
               | punctuation, like you used in your first sentence.
        
               | rjsw wrote:
               | > Also, French conventions like ... or spaces in between
               | all punctuation, like you used in your first sentence.
               | 
               | I'm a native English speaker, French is my second
               | language.
        
             | mzs wrote:
             | Polish also has m-dash quotes for dialogue and nesting
             | quotes that alternate Polish/inverted-French.
             | 
             | https://culture.pl/en/article/pen-to-paper-mastering-the-
             | qui...
        
             | seszett wrote:
             | French quotes, unlike most others, must also be surrounded
             | by spaces (like the other punctuation signs that are made
             | of two parts) like this:
             | 
             | FR : << quote >>
             | 
             | And all of the spaces except for the one after the ":"
             | should be non-breaking spaces.
        
             | Udo_Schmitz wrote:
             | DE would be: ,,Zitat". >>Zitat<< is also allowed. <<Zitat>>
             | is mostly used in Switzerland and Liechtenstein. Note
             | missing spaces compared to French.
             | 
             | (Edited after correction from user bloak below)
        
               | bloak wrote:
               | > >><< is allowed but mostly used in Switzerland
               | 
               | I think it's <<...>> in Switzerland, while >>...<< is
               | widely used in several countries, including Germany, and
               | is the "main" system arguably only in Denmark.
               | 
               | See https://jakubmarian.com/map-of-quotation-marks-in-
               | european-l...
        
               | Udo_Schmitz wrote:
               | You are of course right and I edited my comment
               | accordingly.
        
               | cygx wrote:
               | _DE would be: ,,Zitat"_
               | 
               | I thought you made another mistake here, but it turns out
               | it's just my font that is broken. For anyone else who
               | might have this problem: The closing marks are supposed
               | to go from bottom left to top right, whereas they are
               | displayed going from top left to bottom right :(
        
               | Udo_Schmitz wrote:
               | Yeah, Hacker News defaults to the Geneva font. Those
               | quotation marks are not pretty :(
        
         | szszrk wrote:
         | "" is a simplification that fits well in keyboard usage and
         | ASCII, but not always real language practices. In my mother
         | tongue we use a ,,quote". Our characters in books speak
         | starting from new line with a dash. But it's a different dash
         | from simple minus sign we tend to use online, for simplicity.
         | It's hard to actually use that on the Internet, but in books
         | it's still _the_ way.
        
       | daviddever23box wrote:
       | I grew up in the United States and was taught that which is
       | referred to here as the "British style"; not sure where this
       | notion of an "American style" originated.
        
       | jack_riminton wrote:
       | I also prefer the common British use of commas over the oxford
       | comma
        
       | qwerty456127 wrote:
       | What is described as the American style seems weird and never
       | came into my mind. If I would ever stumble upon such a style I
       | would think it's a typo.
        
       | antattack wrote:
       | US style is 'wrong' because it requires one to modify the
       | original quote by adding punctuation within the quotes which
       | delineate the quotation.
        
       | coryfklein wrote:
       | OP: When in Rome, do as the Greeks do because their way is
       | better.
        
         | gerikson wrote:
         | The Romans held Greek culture in high regard. It was
         | unthinkable for an educated man to not know Greek.
         | 
         | And of course the "Greek" part of the Empire survived for a
         | thousand years after the Western part petered out.
        
       | est wrote:
       | The American style is like putting closing bracket at the wrong
       | indentation.
        
       | Loic wrote:
       | My first association: https://xkcd.com/541/
       | 
       | This is very emotional because we start when being 6 and as such,
       | for many years, you are exposed to only _one_ way to quote or put
       | spaces around punctuation.
       | 
       | I am French, living in Germany and working in English 50% of the
       | time. It is interesting that it is only after maybe 15 years
       | outside of France that now my _feeling_ for what is the right way
       | in one language matches the rules. For example:
       | - How do you do?         - Comment allez-vous ?
       | 
       | Notice the space before the question mark in French. For me, now,
       | it feels right for both, for a long time this was not the case.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | Prefer the hackerly style of quotation punctuation: the period
       | ends the sentence:
       | 
       | > Dr. Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
       | rebounded, "I refute it thus".
       | 
       | This is one big sentence which contains an embedded quote. The
       | period ends that big sentence.
       | 
       | The quote contains a complete sentence. Therefore, arguably, it
       | deserves its own period.
       | 
       | > Dr. Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
       | rebounded, "I refute it thus.".
       | 
       | So this matter revolves around the idea that we want only one
       | period, and so the question is which of these two periods do we
       | elide.
       | 
       | I'm arguing that if we are going to elide, the one we should
       | elide is the inner one, because it's of less importance. Eliding
       | the outer one leaves the entire sentence unterminated, whereas
       | the quote is obviously terminated by the closing quote.
       | 
       | (What is the sentence period for? It's for indicating where
       | sentences end, so that the reader doesn't get confused parsing
       | the end of one sentence together with the start of the next one.
       | A closing quote has a solid end indicator already.)
       | 
       | If there are multiple quoted sentences, then those except the
       | last preserve their terminating punctuator:
       | 
       | > Dr. Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
       | rebounded, "How shall I refute it? Ah, I refute it thus".
       | 
       | What if the quoted sentence ends in a terminator different from
       | the one of the embedding clause? Then we cannot elide either one:
       | 
       | > Dr. Johnson kicked a large rock and said, as his foot
       | rebounded, "How shall I refute it?".
       | 
       | Except if the inner one is a period. We can establish the
       | convention that a missing punctuator inside a quote is an implied
       | period (if the quote is obviously a complete clause):
       | 
       | > Did Dr. Johnson really say "I refute it thus"?
       | 
       | Something like that. We should strive, in some halfway rational
       | way, not to leave the overall sentence without terminating
       | punctuation.
       | 
       | (I do not agree that .". has a _redundant_ period. Two different
       | sentences are ending, using their own punctuation marks which are
       | not related, and could potentially be different. I agree that it
       | 's ugly. Eliding the inner period is not the same as eliminating
       | it; we are making it _implied_. Something implied is still
       | semantically there, just not as a visible syntactic token.)
       | 
       | Note that whatever." does not indicate the end of a sentence; it
       | can plausibly continue:
       | 
       | > Dr. Johnson said "I refute it thus." and kicked the rock.
       | 
       | As soon as we have additional words after the quote, we have two
       | periods unless we elide one. In this case, we definitely must not
       | elide the one after "rock". Whereas eliding the quoted one
       | according to the hackerly style leaves a clean result:
       | 
       | > Dr. Johnson said "I refute it thus" and kicked the rock.
        
       | spleen wrote:
       | Putting the period or comma within quotes (the US style) is like
       | tucking your shirt in and then leaving a small part of it out.
        
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