[HN Gopher] Mozilla has defeated Microsoft's default browser pro...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Mozilla has defeated Microsoft's default browser protections in
       Windows
        
       Author : hadrien01
       Score  : 730 points
       Date   : 2021-09-13 12:14 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theverge.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theverge.com)
        
       | spodek wrote:
       | Mozilla should consider creating an option to switch the whole
       | operating system to Linux.
       | 
       | Obviously huge, but for some users maybe not hard. For some users
       | welcome.
        
         | chris_wot wrote:
         | The only truly crappy part of Windows, IMO, is drive letters
         | and ridiculous legacy file system layout. And WinSxS (people
         | will disagree with me).
         | 
         | Other than that, it's a robust, well written system.
        
       | tester34 wrote:
       | Holy shit I noticed that lately
       | 
       | and thought Windows stopped doing this
        
       | bobbob1921 wrote:
       | Keep in mind too- Microsoft is almost at the point of giving
       | windows (as an OS) away for free. Whereas in the past they would
       | charge around $99 for windows (or less per machine to OEMs).
       | Other OSes have forced Microsoft to pretty much give their OS
       | away for free.
       | 
       | From a msft/revenue point of view, Microsoft will now feel less
       | inhibitions with regard to using windows to drive revenue via
       | other Microsoft products. (Ie Windows will now be seen internally
       | as a "loss leader" product that must drive revenue via other
       | sources such as Bing, edge, office 365 etc)
        
         | tester756 wrote:
         | >Whereas in the past they would charge around $99 for windows
         | 
         | When was "the past"? 1990? 2000? 2004?
        
         | bob1029 wrote:
         | I would happily pay inflation-adjusted full price for a special
         | edition of windows that doesn't treat me like cattle.
         | 
         | How big do we think this market is? Maybe I'm the crazy one
         | these days...
        
       | riofoxx wrote:
       | T.o a.s.s.i.s.t y.o.u i.n t.r.a.d.e.s f.o.r b.e.t.t.e.r
       | i.m.p.r.o.v.e.m.e.n.t on c.r.y.p.t.o.c.u.r.r.e.n.c.y
       | W.h.a.t.s.A.p.p (+13052395906)
        
       | rk06 wrote:
       | The key point here is that Microsoft has made a way to bypass
       | those protections, so that people could switch to Edge from IE
       | easily.
       | 
       | Firefox reverse engineered it and implemented it.
       | 
       | I suspect that in windows 11, edge will be set as default
       | browser, and the backdoor will be removed :(
        
       | approxim8ion wrote:
       | They're not really "protections", to be fair.
        
         | sebazzz wrote:
         | They are. Default file associations are protected in Windows 10
         | [0][1]. The default browser is in essence also an file
         | association.
         | 
         | [0]:
         | https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20170517-00/?p=96...
         | [1]:
         | https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20190724-00/?p=10...
        
           | dralley wrote:
           | They are not. This is not some generic "are you sure" prompt,
           | it is specifically coded to nag users to use Edge instead.
           | 
           | https://www.itsupportguides.com/wp-
           | content/uploads/Windows10...
        
           | approxim8ion wrote:
           | It's one thing to push "protections" on your users because
           | you think you know better and they can't navigate their way
           | around their devices without ruining them. That's the Apple
           | way.
           | 
           | But what Microsoft has done here is push their own product in
           | the name of protection. That's much more malicious. To argue
           | whether it is a protection because they call it one is
           | semantics.
        
         | notRobot wrote:
         | Exactly. They're not protections. They're strategies to make it
         | harder for non-super-users to change their default browser.
         | 
         | As technical people, it's easy to underestimate just how well
         | these tactics that introduce friction work at making "regular"
         | folks shurg and say "meh, okay, whatever -- sure, I'll use
         | Edge" just because they don't want to repeatedly have to figure
         | out how to change their default browser.
        
       | thrower123 wrote:
       | Good. The better product will win out.
       | 
       | If I was working on the Edgeium team, I would beg the Windows and
       | Bing people to be less heavy-handed. It's a quality product, but
       | the advertising and nudging is souring me.
        
         | ilaksh wrote:
         | Why should we have to keep begging them or something? Using
         | Linux instead of Windows is a moral issue.
        
           | LeonB wrote:
           | Software constantly uses dark patterns and even "well-
           | behaved" software asks questions with answers like "yes"
           | (large writing) and "maybe later" as the only no option. It's
           | completely normalised.
        
           | burnished wrote:
           | It's not a realistic answer for the vast majority of users.
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | Honest question: Why not? What application does "the vast
             | majority of users" need that is Windows only, today?
             | 
             | From my experience with family, coworkers, friends, and
             | neighbors, the vast majority of people today need a web
             | browser. That's it.
        
           | skrebbel wrote:
           | You don't, you're not working on Edgium.
        
         | jfk13 wrote:
         | Yes, indeed. I do choose to run Edge sometimes, but the
         | constant attempts to push or trick me into making it the
         | default are really grating.
        
         | squarefoot wrote:
         | > The better product will win out.
         | 
         | The more advertised one will win. Chrome is a joke privacy-wise
         | compared to Firefox, but at the moment the winner is Chrome.
         | Also the target audience is important: to the average Windows
         | user, if Microsoft says Edge is best, then Edge is best, and
         | Mozilla has no resources to fight back on equal terms since
         | it's Microsoft deciding what runs on their operating system and
         | what their users read or watch.
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | No one outside this website cares about privacy.
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | That is not true. Public polling indicates that most people
             | do care about privacy, but are unaware of how software
             | tracks them, or when aware, feel powerless to change
             | anything.
        
               | lacksconfidence wrote:
               | I'm sure I have a biased view, but i hear people care
               | about privacy in the same way they care about leaving
               | facebook. They would like to, in a purely theoretical
               | manner, but they aren't willing to change anything about
               | their life to get that effect. It seems like many people
               | only care enough about privacy to click a button.
               | 
               | Sure some people actually remove facebook, but the
               | overwhelming majority of people are voting that they
               | prefer the services offered, even with the tradeoffs.
               | Unfortunate, but seems likely to me.
        
       | tuankiet65 wrote:
       | To be honest, Mozilla isn't the first one here. SetUserFTA
       | (https://kolbi.cz/blog/2017/10/25/setuserfta-userchoice-hash-...)
       | has been around since 2017, and this pastebin
       | (https://pastebin.com/yVhWeQ3X) even predates it.
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | Every time you hear something being done for "security" or
       | "protection", think more carefully about what they're actually
       | trying to protect or secure. That's something I wish more people
       | would do. In this case, it's protection for securing Micro$oft's
       | monopoly.
        
       | heavyset_go wrote:
       | Tangentially related, but I recently spun up a Windows VM and
       | used Edge to search Bing for "Firefox" and this is result I
       | got[1].
       | 
       | It's a giant banner that says, "You're already browsing in
       | Microsoft Edge. Keep using to get world class performance with
       | more privacy, more productivity, and more value."
       | 
       | That banner is followed by another giant banner image telling me
       | to get "Get Robux using Microsoft Edge. Join Microsoft Rewards
       | and use Microsoft Edge. Get a 100 Robux eGift Card on us when you
       | search with Microsoft Bing on Microsoft Edge for 5 days after you
       | join."
       | 
       | I had to scroll to even see the relevant search results for my
       | search term. I'm assuming most non-power users won't scroll
       | because they were just assured that they were "already browsing
       | in Microsoft Edge", which is apparently more private, productive
       | and valuable than what they intended to search for.
       | 
       | [1] https://i.imgur.com/blHGMgX.png
        
         | liamwire wrote:
         | Ostensibly this is the exact opposite function one wants out of
         | a search tool, obscuring results. For Microsoft to design such
         | an egregious UX for one of their key platforms, the incentives
         | must be staggering. Calling this a dark pattern doesn't go far
         | enough, in my opinion. It's outright user-hostile.
        
       | iamAtom wrote:
       | Imagine how many decisions were made similar to this at the cost
       | of smooth user experience. This is why windows or any MS products
       | will never be my favourite because user experience takes back
       | seat mostly.
        
       | sealeck wrote:
       | I may be wrong (I am not a lawyer) but I suspect that if
       | Microsoft prevent Mozilla from doing this, Mozilla may be able to
       | win a lawsuit (probably not in the US, but in the EU seems
       | likely) arguing that it is anti-competitive to restrict defaults
       | in this way. See judgements against Google for similar
       | restrictions on Android.
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | Somewhat related, also see "EdgeDeflector":
       | https://github.com/da2x/EdgeDeflector
       | 
       | It's a really handy utility to force windows to actually use your
       | default browser in spaces where it currently forces Edge. You've
       | probably seen this opening links from other Microsoft products
       | where Edge unexpectedly pops up. Like from MS widgets on your
       | toolbar, some links within MS Teams, etc.
        
         | nuxi7 wrote:
         | I need this, but for all the android apps that are refusing to
         | open links in my chosen browser.
        
       | kuschkufan wrote:
       | TFA seems to say that Chrome and others don't yet do it like
       | Firefox does. If this really turns out to be an advantage watch
       | the others copying the reverse-engineered code. I assume you
       | could look it up in the Firefox repo now?
        
         | wyattpeak wrote:
         | I think it's very likely Firefox want everybody to copy them.
         | This is a fight best fought with everyone against Windows, and
         | it's no particular skin off Firefox's nose if Chrome is also
         | easy to use: since Chrome is basically the default non-Edge
         | browser, everybody choosing Firefox is already aware of Chrome
         | and has decided against it.
        
       | trident5000 wrote:
       | Sounds anti-competitive on Microsoft's part.
        
         | p_j_w wrote:
         | "A tiger's never gonna change its stripes."
        
       | squarefoot wrote:
       | Wait a minute. Firefox is Open Source; wasn't Microsoft in love
       | with Open Source? (their words) So it appears they are only when
       | they don't smell competition.
       | 
       | One of the reasons why I'm extremely worried by whatever they're
       | planning to do with Linux.
        
         | trutannus wrote:
         | > whatever they're planning to do with Linux.
         | 
         | Why? Microsoft does not own Firefox or Linux? If you don't use
         | MS products then you're not going to be subject to their
         | choices.
        
           | p_j_w wrote:
           | They don't need to own it to EEE it.
        
             | trutannus wrote:
             | Triple E?
        
               | aembleton wrote:
               | Embrace, extend, and extinguish - https://en.wikipedia.or
               | g/wiki/Embrace,_extend,_and_extinguis...
        
       | wasmitnetzen wrote:
       | Related bugzilla entries:
       | 
       | https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1637357
       | 
       | https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1703578
       | 
       | Apparently, the new one-click method is called UserChoice.
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | "UserChoice" - what a doublespeak name.
         | 
         | It's been there since Win8 or so, and defeated just as long
         | ago:
         | 
         | https://danysys.com/set-file-type-association-default-applic...
         | 
         | http://kolbi.cz/blog/2017/10/25/setuserfta-userchoice-hash-d...
         | 
         | (Note the messages about "fixed false positive from Windows
         | Defender"...)
        
       | Strom wrote:
       | The new Windows 11 defaults manager is amazingly user hostile.
       | [1] Microsoft decided it's a great idea to make non technical
       | users manually adjust 15 different file and protocol associations
       | in order to change the default browser.
       | 
       | Microsoft's statement on this: _we are implementing customer
       | feedback to customize and control defaults at a more granular
       | level, eliminating app categories and elevating all apps to the
       | forefront of the defaults experience_.
       | 
       | More granular control is nice and all, but I don't buy for a
       | second that it couldn't be behind some "advanced" button. I think
       | the most probable explanation for removing the app categories is
       | a calculated move to steer people towards Microsoft products
       | which have access to backdoor internal functions to change all of
       | these automatically.
       | 
       | I do remember how bad things were back in Windows XP days when
       | every random toolbar would change all the associations. I don't
       | wish for that experience to come back for non technical users
       | either. Microsoft could perhaps look into allowing digitally
       | signed apps to change the associations automatically (a single
       | summarizing OS confirmation prompt might be wise), and non-signed
       | apps would have to instruct users to manually change things.
       | 
       | --
       | 
       | [1] https://www.theverge.com/22630319/microsoft-
       | windows-11-defau...
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | It's a dark pattern, it reminds me of the cookie banner opt-out
         | flows where they make it intentionally overly complicated.
         | 
         | I hope the EU sues them again over this. Same with the cookie
         | banner, by law there should be a single click 'no thanks'
         | button.
        
           | jareklupinski wrote:
           | that's pretty much their MO: keep pushing the envelope until
           | you get sued, then take 2 steps back and start again
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | It would be great if they took two steps, sometimes I think
             | they don't even tale a half step back, instead they just
             | stop where they are for sometime.
        
         | danudey wrote:
         | I appreciate the way MacOS handles these sorts of things:
         | Applications can say "I am a browser!" and then the user can
         | choose their preferred default from a drop-down. Also works for
         | e-mail and FTP clients, as well as possibly others.
        
         | wibagusto wrote:
         | > we are implementing customer feedback to customize and
         | control defaults at a more granular level
         | 
         | Implementing customer feedback? Are they too retarded to do
         | their job by themselves?
         | 
         | Yeah yeah downvote my foul language--I'm sick of these slimy
         | fucks dodging questions and obviously implementing dark
         | patterns.
        
         | xdfgh1112 wrote:
         | Of course it's calculated. Try putting Chrome/Google search on
         | a fresh install of Windows and see how many times you are one
         | click away from being reverted back to Edge/Bing. It must be
         | over a dozen
        
         | slaymaker1907 wrote:
         | On a related note, I find it really frustrating that I can't
         | just select a default text editor. I even want to use a MS
         | product, VS Code, but there is not really an easy way to tell
         | Windows to use VS Code for all text files.
         | 
         | Really what I would like is a two step association list. Be
         | able to specify what category a particular file type is under
         | (i.e. text file, web browser file, etc.) as well as specifying
         | which text file or web browser should be used in general.
         | Obviously many file types only need a direct association with
         | an application, but that is not always the case and as is the
         | case with text files, it may not be possible for an application
         | installer to know all extensions it needs to associate with
         | itself.
        
           | tracker1 wrote:
           | I seem to remember a checkbox during install for this. Though
           | if you use winget/chocolatey, unsure of how to do it after
           | the fact.
           | 
           | Though, 99% of my VS code use is launched from terminal
           | anyway, and I can always right-click. That said, the Win11
           | right-click menu buries most of the options.
        
         | deadbunny wrote:
         | I recently gave a friend my old PC, I installed Windows,
         | updated it then did a factory reset so they could go through
         | the first run setup themselves. Watching them set the machine
         | up and blindly agreeing to all telemetry without even blinking
         | really opened my eyes to how much "normal" people dont care
         | about telemetry.
         | 
         | The great irony here is that we - technical people - have done
         | this to ourselves. We opt out of telemetry (as we should IMO)
         | as a default so out usage patterns never get sent to the
         | mothership. So of course Windows gets dumbed down, options
         | disappear, and the OS gets targeted at the normal folk.
         | 
         | I have no horse in this race to be fair as a linux user but I
         | do find it amusing.
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | I am so comfortable with personal computers that I take it
           | for granted how intimidating the setup can be for the average
           | Joe and Jane. Telling someone to change which app handles a
           | certain file extension is like a mechanic telling me how to
           | adjust one of the valves inside of a carburetor. Certainly
           | do-able, but a nightmare to someone who thinks they can break
           | the whole thing with one wrong move.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | I have my first Linux machine since this weekend, and I
           | really love how that feels _a lot_ like old school Windows.
           | Just an OS running on your own hardware, no calling home, no
           | cloud, no account somewhere if I don 't want to. And
           | surprisingly easy to install as well, again not really more
           | difficult than, say, setting up Windows XP yourself. or
           | Windows 2000.
           | 
           | It is really quite refreshing to have some of the freedom
           | from the "old days" back. Honestly, I don't think I'll go
           | back for private usage. Work is different, a) because
           | employers provide hard- and software and b) because Office
           | 365 is quite good for corporate use.
        
           | antisthenes wrote:
           | > The great irony here is that we - technical people - have
           | done this to ourselves. We opt out of telemetry (as we should
           | IMO) as a default so out usage patterns never get sent to the
           | mothership. So of course Windows gets dumbed down, options
           | disappear, and the OS gets targeted at the normal folk.
           | 
           | There's no irony here. Even if every single technically apt
           | user sent their feedback to Microsoft at once, it would still
           | be drowned out by the 99% of the general population that
           | clicks through everything without reading or adjusting.
           | 
           | It's not even close, and we shouldn't be giving MS the
           | benefit of the doubt anymore, considering what they've done
           | to Windows in the last 10 years. They did it deliberately,
           | while hiding behind "improving user experience" and
           | "security".
        
             | newsbinator wrote:
             | Heck people default to donating their organs if that's the
             | option that's preset when they register for a driving
             | license. Or the reverse if that's the option that's preset.
             | It's not even close: whatever is the default option, no
             | matter how serious, the vast majority of people seem to
             | shrug and get on with their day.
        
         | DiabloD3 wrote:
         | I used to share your belief, but as I got older, I realized...
         | Windows isn't targeted to us, the faux technocratic elite that
         | grew up with computers: it's targeted to the average person,
         | and the average person, largely, is technologically illiterate
         | to some degree.
         | 
         | You cannot get file/uri associations correct in a UX in a way
         | that handles _all_ situations. Essentially, this is a subset of
         | the  "many to many relations in database tables fundamentally
         | suck" problem, and every time this happens where it is directly
         | exposed to the user it has never turned out well.
         | 
         | Combine the potential UI/UX nightmare of this _with_ literal
         | actual criminals putting malware on the PCs of technologically
         | illiterate users: it now hijacks 15 different file /uri
         | associations in ways that are not easily fixed.
         | 
         | What Microsoft _should_ do? Do an Android-style ask (yes, the
         | one that all the people like us hate) every time a new handler
         | can be associated. What they can 't do? Expressly this because
         | it didn't exist in Win98 when they added uri handler system to
         | the existing file handler system, and Microsoft is obsessed
         | with backwards compat.
         | 
         | Side note: Technically, Firefox _could_ trigger the OTHER
         | existing API for this that UWP apps are forced to use as per MS
         | Store sandboxing, from the C++ WinRT API; any app could. It isn
         | 't well documented, and isn't the intended use _but_ WinUI 3.x
         | 's path is allowing apps to piecemeal their way into the future
         | without all-or-nothing rewrites. I'm not going to insult
         | Mozilla by saying they "choose not to", I'd rather someone else
         | jump in the deep end first on that.
         | 
         | How Microsoft ended up fixing the _actual issue at hand_?
         | Removing the need to get another browser in the first place,
         | but still allowing technologically literate users to install
         | one if they want. Edge is Chrome, but without the boneheaded
         | decisions Google makes ruining it, and actually moving forwards
         | in usability.
         | 
         | Edge has vertical tabs built in, it has an actually visually
         | correct dark theme built in[1], has the existing
         | bookmark/history/open tab/etc syncing (which some Chromium-
         | based browsers still do not, as they have to write their own
         | backend), it has an Android version (many desktop Chromium
         | browsers do not have a matching phone version), it has the
         | beginnings of a ABP/uBlock style ad blocker built in (its
         | already in the Android version as well) (Chrome will _never_
         | ship with adblocking built in, Google 's entire business model
         | depends on their ad network), its the first Chromium-based
         | browser that supports the VBS-based hardware-enforced browser
         | sandbox (Microsoft wants to bring it to all Chromium-based
         | things including Electron apps), and it also has tab
         | collections built in (which is also supported on the Android
         | version), and last but not least, they have an actually working
         | PWA container on the desktop (reviving the code Google killed
         | because they didn't want a future where Android couldn't be a
         | vendor lock-in moat).
         | 
         | The number of extensions I need to make Edge actually
         | productive is less than any other browser.
         | 
         | You know what Mozilla brought me? Panorama, which is now gone.
         | An extension system that could actually deeply modify the UI
         | (thanks to XUL), which is now gone (and has been replaced with
         | a partial WebExtension implementation). A PWA-first OS, called
         | FirefoxOS, that would be lighter and faster than Android by
         | several magnitudes, which is now gone. An Electron alternative
         | that used Gecko instead, called Positron, also gone. A PWA
         | container for the desktop called Prism, also dead.
         | 
         | Almost everything Mozilla thought of, half-assed, and then
         | killed, Edge has succeeded, and brought to not only Windows,
         | but OSX, Linux, and Android too, and also salvaged the slowly
         | rotting Chromium codebase at the same time.
         | 
         | [1]: Dark themes _should never_ have backgrounds darker than
         | 16, as the eye has poor  "bright on dark" focusing, but most
         | monitors, even ones being sold today, have very poor tracking
         | of values below the limited 16-240 range (even HDR monitors);
         | the two of those together make standard viewing conditions
         | (dimly lit office or indirect sunlight lit room or single 60W
         | equivalent on a desk in a small bedroom, with a 100 nits
         | monitor (sRGB defines optimal brightness as 80 nits + offset
         | for ambient, BT1886 defines SDR white as 100 if not otherwise
         | calibrated, BT2020 defines SDR content in HDR display mode as
         | 100)) hard to read for standard distance and DPI monitors (ex:
         | 24" 1080p or 27" 1440p at ~29 inches, given a 1.2 ratio of
         | screen size to distance) at the standard text size (16px).
         | 
         | Dark themes that have pure black for misguided reasons should
         | be eradicated for user accessibility reasons; contrast and
         | readability are very important for everyone, not just people
         | with diagnosed vision problems.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | badRNG wrote:
           | > I used to share your belief, but as I got older, I
           | realized... Windows isn't targeted to us, the faux
           | technocratic elite that grew up with computers: it's targeted
           | to the average person, and the average person, largely, is
           | technologically illiterate to some degree.
           | 
           | I mean, the average user has been capable of installing and
           | using alternative browsers for a significant period of time.
           | Most folks exist as some shade of gray between your Grandma
           | with an Ask toolbar and the "HN elites." If anything, I think
           | there is often an _underestimation_ of what regular users
           | understand and are willing to do with their tech (to improve
           | their experience, privacy, etc.) If you need some sort of a
           | sanity check, see how your friends and peers (that don 't
           | work in software) configure their systems. See what browsers
           | they use, what adblockers they configure, etc. I predict
           | you'd be surprised.
           | 
           | I rarely meet this "average user" who is often discussed on
           | HN; this person who isn't interested in using non-standard
           | software, who doesn't care at all about their privacy, who
           | will use only the easiest and cheapest solution possible,
           | etc. Dark patterns don't just work on these "average users,"
           | they work on plenty who even work in tech. I click "Accept
           | All" on the cookie banner on this one-off website if it's the
           | fastest way to read the contents, I will put off changing
           | default apps if I have to hunt for the correct settings, heck
           | I've been charged for subscriptions an extra month because I
           | put off dealing with the hassle of cancelling the thing.
           | 
           | I think this "average user" is constructed in the collective
           | imagination because it makes implementing user-hostile design
           | choices a little more conscionable if you view your users as
           | tech illiterate morons. Considering the state of the
           | industry, one where dark patterns and user hostility permeate
           | nearly every design choice, it doesn't surprise me that HN, a
           | subset of this industry, holds this dim view of its users.
        
             | wibagusto wrote:
             | Honestly the way I look at it, these issues all have such a
             | simple solution. The user experience can be so much better,
             | but MSFT does not want that. They want a confusing
             | experience that pretends they aren't monopolizing their
             | platform.
             | 
             | Even if the lowest common denominator can navigate the
             | settings (eventually) it's still not an excuse to make
             | shitty UX paradigms. This is a company with some of the
             | best and brightest engineers--and we're on three decades of
             | Windows... and they can't figure out how to design a proper
             | defaults page? Come on.
        
             | mtVessel wrote:
             | Sorry, I disagree.
             | 
             | > If you need some sort of a sanity check, see how your
             | friends and peers (that don't work in software) configure
             | their systems
             | 
             | Everyone I know who doesn't work in tech "configures" their
             | system by calling me and saying, "it doesn't work" (no
             | other details provided), and asking if I can just fix it.
             | 
             | > I rarely meet this "average user"...who isn't interested
             | in using non-standard software...doesn't care about
             | privacy...will use only the easiest and cheapest solution
             | 
             | Consider yourself lucky, and consider the circles you
             | travel in are may not be reflective of the majority of
             | users.
        
               | badRNG wrote:
               | Everyone's anecdotes will be different (and may differ
               | along generational lines.) For a more concrete example of
               | users seeking non-standard software, within a few years
               | of it coming out Chrome became the most popular desktop
               | web browser, surpassing IE. People perferred the
               | experience on Chrome over that on IE to a considerable
               | degree. On the privacy front, 96% of users opt out of
               | surveillance-based advertising [1] when empowered to do
               | so.
               | 
               | The longer we consider concepts like user freedom and
               | privacy as only things that "HN elites" would appreciate,
               | the more tolerable user-hostile design choices will be
               | among HN types.
               | 
               | [1] https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/05/96-of-us-
               | users-opt-o...
        
           | frosted-flakes wrote:
           | I use dark themes with pure black backgrounds precisely
           | _because_ it maximizes contrast and increases accessibility.
           | I don 't understand your dislike for them and desire to
           | eradicate them, especially when they can exist alongside grey
           | dark themes (as is commonly the case with Android apps).
        
           | Miraste wrote:
           | "Open all browser file types in a single browser I select" is
           | good enough for both the average user and the "technocratic
           | elite" in basically all cases, and there are certainly zero
           | cases where choosing every file association manually is
           | better for someone who doesn't know what they're doing.
           | 
           | I don't understand your complaint about Firefox's dark mode;
           | I've been using it for years and I don't remember any pure
           | black elements. And as far as extensions, Firefox may be
           | missing a couple minor APIs but it's the only browser that
           | doesn't block the important ones (e.g. the ones uBlock Origin
           | needs) so ad companies can make more money.
        
           | chrismorgan wrote:
           | > _Panorama, which is now gone._
           | 
           | It was removed from the core browser because they reached the
           | point where it could be entirely implemented in an extension,
           | and also wasn't as popular as they'd hoped. ... it should
           | then be noted that it can no longer be _perfectly_
           | implemented in a WebExtensions world; there are some
           | compromises that need to be made, comparatively minor is my
           | impression but I don't use it (I used Panorama at first, but
           | found before long that multiple windows and Tree Style Tab
           | was more useful to me).
           | 
           | > _An extension system that could actually deeply modify the
           | UI (thanks to XUL), which is now gone (and has been replaced
           | with a partial WebExtension implementation)._
           | 
           | Replaced for entirely legitimate performance reasons, even if
           | you ignore the security and maintainability arguments. As
           | with many things, it's a balance. So long as userChrome.css
           | still works, I'm fairly OK with where things lie.
           | 
           | > _Firefox OS, Positron, Prism_
           | 
           | Sigh. Yeah. I'd count XULRunner here too. I won't comment on
           | Firefox OS or Prism, but I believe a substantial reason in
           | the killing of XULRunner and Positron is that they were too
           | hard to maintain and held progress on Firefox back.
           | 
           | > _Almost everything Mozilla thought of, half-assed, and then
           | killed, Edge has succeeded_
           | 
           | It's funny how these things go: an early implementer before
           | its time, and then later something else reinvents much the
           | same thing but actually succeeds at it. The first two
           | examples of this that my mind always springs to are actually
           | both Microsoft: HTA, which was basically Electron lite, but
           | in _1999_ ; and tablet PCs in the mid-2000s, that quite
           | flopped because the hardware wasn't quite right yet, and so
           | Microsoft abandoned the space and licked their wounds for
           | another decade before returning (with the iPad and Android
           | tablets having occupied the space, including things like
           | ASUS's Eee Pad Transformers).
           | 
           | And the related phenomenon of cycles like how OSes used to be
           | all colour-customisable, then they steadily lost that, then
           | eventually they all added dark modes back in again, treating
           | it as something all new and never-before-seen.
           | 
           | > _Dark themes_
           | 
           | You're subscribing to the common fallacy that dark themes are
           | just one thing. The fact of the matter is that there are
           | actually several substantially different types of dark modes.
           | This is theory I've been mulling over for the last few years;
           | I've vacillated between reckoning three and four types and
           | exactly where to draw lines, but I'm currently going with
           | four: 1 aesthetic, which is fairly low contrast and certainly
           | avoids true black and white; 2 accessibility, which is high
           | contrast in both colours and styles (that is, no gentle
           | gradients, just harsh boundaries between colours), and uses
           | true black and white--note here that light accessibility mode
           | is much more likely to be useful than dark accessibility
           | mode, but both have a place; 3 low-light, which uses true
           | black and mostly fairly bright whites up to and including
           | true white, but is not scared of in-between colours or
           | actively _trying_ for super-high contrast; and 4 power-saver,
           | which is largely for things like OLED panels, where true
           | black definitely uses less power and can look _great_ , and
           | certainly not for TN LCD panels where true black tends to
           | look awful. Which type of dark mode is most appropriate
           | depends on the user's eyesight, the device screen type, the
           | ambient lighting conditions, the nature of the content being
           | presented, user preference, and power availability.
        
         | inter_netuser wrote:
         | Why is Firefox marketshare so low?
        
           | pomian wrote:
           | Maybe it is not as low as it appears. Since most of the
           | privacy settings are the default, installs and usage isn't
           | counted?
        
             | deadbunny wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure browser share is done by useragent, which
             | will report Firefox if you're using Firefox. Unless of
             | course you change your useragent but the number of people
             | doing that will be vanishingly small.
        
           | deadbunny wrote:
           | my experience with HN usage is that "its not as fast as
           | chrome" or "the dev tools arent as good as chrome".
           | 
           | My experience with "normal" people; we the nerds told them to
           | install chrome 10 years ago and now they are used to it.
           | 
           | Personally I use Firefox and have done since it came out as
           | it's fast enough for me and I'm not a front-end dev so the
           | dev tools suit my limited use.
        
           | random_ind_dude wrote:
           | Mostly because of a multi-billion dollar ad campaign by a
           | megacorp whose name rhymes with Moogle.
        
           | mixmastamyk wrote:
           | Android happened and combined with a popular desktop Chrome,
           | well the rest is history.
        
             | tomComb wrote:
             | Not sure you can really blame android, when Android allows
             | Firefox as a first class replacement for Chrome and with
             | ease for the user, whereas iOS doesn't even allow the real
             | Firefox.
             | 
             | iOS is a very important platform for Firefox, so apples
             | anti-competitive behavior in this regard really undermines
             | firefox's future.
             | 
             | I'm very sad that this issue has not come up in all of the
             | debate about the app store.
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | ~98% of Androids use the default browser, which is an
               | incredible amount of people, like in the billions. We
               | tend to forget iOS is a minority worldwide.
        
               | dralley wrote:
               | >Not sure you can really blame android, when Android
               | allows Firefox as a first class replacement for Chrome
               | 
               | It's still the default, and defaults matter.
        
         | cm2187 wrote:
         | But what makes it even worse is that Microsoft overrides your
         | choice frequently on OS updates, which means you will need to
         | repeat all these manual steps not just for each machine, but
         | also for each major OS update. And you can't script it.
        
           | otikik wrote:
           | If I'm reading this correctly, it can be scripted. It's just
           | that the API that does it isn't public.
        
           | pxeboot wrote:
           | We have been scripting it for years with this utility:
           | https://kolbi.cz/blog/2017/10/25/setuserfta-userchoice-
           | hash-...
        
           | msoucy wrote:
           | Microsoft just forced all of their office suite file
           | extensions to look at their MS Office... which I don't
           | (shouldn't) have installed. I happily use LibreOffice. But
           | suddenly things are going to different apps!
           | 
           | User Friendly, as long as by "friendly" you mean "actively
           | sabotaging"
        
             | alpaca128 wrote:
             | That's happening on my dad's new laptop as well - he still
             | uses his MS Office 2013 license because why not, but even
             | after many attempts we couldn't figure out a way to make
             | Windows open double-clicked files in that old Office. It
             | would always pop up the newest unactivated test version.
             | And before that it took a while until the OS even listed
             | the programs in the start menu. MS literally fights its own
             | software when you don't pay the annual 365 ransom.
        
               | luminous231 wrote:
               | This was happening to me after a system restore.
               | Uninstalling all other versions of office on my computer,
               | then rebooting and changing the default program to Office
               | 13 worked for me.
        
           | davidjade wrote:
           | I see this statement repeated often but I have never had this
           | happen - not even once. I use Windows Pro and don't do
           | anything special either, I just apply Windows updates. If
           | this is happening, I wonder why it is not happening to me.
        
             | kijin wrote:
             | I use the Professional edition too, and Windows resets my
             | default image viewer and PDF viewer every now and then. Not
             | sure if it's related to Windows updates, though. IIRC the
             | resets are correlated more with one of those apps updating
             | itself and Windows no longer trusting it with the defaults
             | it had been previously granted.
        
               | minhazm wrote:
               | Just speculation but perhaps the way the installers work
               | makes it appear to Windows that the app was uninstalled
               | first and then a new version is installed. If it looks
               | like it was uninstalled then I can see why Windows might
               | change the default.
        
               | cm2187 wrote:
               | That's a tempting explanation except that in my case it
               | appears after OS upgrades.
        
               | kymaz wrote:
               | Which feels quite amateurish and thus ridiculous for
               | Microsoft. Like, they invent a new app store in Windows
               | 10 and they still can't even be bothered to implement a
               | working update routine that isn't infuriating to end
               | users?
        
             | drdaeman wrote:
             | I honestly don't remember any details but this had happened
             | to me once, about 1.5 or 2 years ago, where a major W10Pro
             | update had somehow reset the default browser to Edge. It
             | was just a normal bi-annual update, however it could be
             | that I've installed manually using Windows Update Assistant
             | without waiting for the normal rollout.
        
             | Rd6n6 wrote:
             | I dual boot. Once a year or so, windows update trashes my
             | boot loader and makes me do a grub repair in order be able
             | to boot into ubuntu again. It's inconvenient for me, but
             | amateur Linux users could really panic and think it was
             | Linux's fault
        
               | andrewmackrodt wrote:
               | This used to happen to me with the quarterly? version
               | increments but hasn't been the case for a couple of years
               | now. I even upgraded from W10 to W11 and was pleasantly
               | surprised that grub was left intact, i.e. as the default
               | boot manager.
        
             | gigel82 wrote:
             | Same, I never had Windows Update change defaults. This is
             | one of those urban legends that is only very loosely based
             | in fact (KB3135173 back in 2016 indeed had a bug that reset
             | defaults, afaik it never happened since) but keeps
             | persisting.
             | 
             | It's the same with ads; everyone claims Window 10 shows ads
             | but I never saw any ads and I doubt it even has the
             | capability of downloading and displaying random ads. It
             | does occasionally show "recommendations" for using its apps
             | (like Edge or Teams) and I guess if you squint really hard
             | you could call those "ads", but I never saw an actual
             | advertisement for some 3rd party website or product or
             | anything of the sorts.
             | 
             | Yes, Windows 10 is bloated and the fact MS refuses to
             | release a SKU with fully opt-out telemetry is bad, but this
             | kind of hyperbole rubs me the wrong way.
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | Urban legend? Every time Windows updates I have to go
               | into the Sound settings to disable the low-quality
               | bluetooth endpoint on my headphones, because it is the
               | default option and every update clears my selection and
               | reestablishes the default.
        
               | gigel82 wrote:
               | I agree that can be annoying; did you try submitting a
               | bug report?
               | 
               | I sent one once through their "Send Feedback" thing and
               | someone actually got back to me (several months later,
               | but still).
               | 
               | FWIW, I'm using wireless headphones that have the same 2
               | options (for calls and for "gaming") but never had the
               | issue you're describing (though they're not Bluetooth,
               | they come with a custom usb dongle).
        
               | unstatusthequo wrote:
               | Every time my wife's work computer updates, it changes
               | the default PDF viewer from Adobe Acrobat to Microsoft
               | Edge.
        
               | davidjade wrote:
               | I really do wonder what causes the unevenness of this.
               | For me, I installed Foxit reader and it's always stayed
               | my default. I also switch .txt files to open in Notepad++
               | and it has always stayed the default too. I've changes a
               | lot of file extensions over the years and they always
               | stuck through all the Windows updates, etc... I've never
               | used any version of Edge as my main browser nor has it
               | ever become the default for anything automatically. I may
               | have been prompted to try it during an upgrade welcome
               | screen but I've always said no and it's never bothered me
               | again.
        
               | cartoonfoxes wrote:
               | A/B testing has been de-rigueur on the web for a very
               | long time now. What makes you think Microsoft aren't
               | playing the same tricks?
        
               | vic-traill wrote:
               | In my experience, this is Edge updates doing this.
        
               | admax88qqq wrote:
               | There 100% are ads for third party apps in the default
               | start menu.
               | 
               | I've seen ads for Bejeweled, Farmville, and Twitter,
               | before I disabled them all.
        
               | gigel82 wrote:
               | You'd have to stretch the definition of ads quite a lot
               | for those to fit. At worst, they'd be bloatware (but IIRC
               | they're not even pre-installed apps, just stubs that link
               | to the store that you can simply remove permanently).
               | Still in bad taste and those should not show up
               | especially in Pro SKU.
               | 
               | An ad would be a banner that shows up when you open the
               | Start menu with "meet singles near you" or "try ubereats"
               | or "buy Chevrolet cars" or some other bullshit of that
               | sorts.
        
               | design-material wrote:
               | No.
               | 
               | A third-party paying to have a small poster ('Tile') that
               | shows + links to their product is the very definition of
               | an ad.
        
               | ziml77 wrote:
               | > I guess if you squint really hard you could call those
               | "ads"
               | 
               | I don't think those are nearly as bad as ads for third
               | party products and services, but they're still ads.
        
               | wlesieutre wrote:
               | Windows 10 reinstalled "Candy Crush Soda Saga" on my
               | machine multiple times during updates, so it's absolutely
               | not just first-party software like Edge and Teams that
               | they've pushed.
        
               | davidjade wrote:
               | Not doubting you but that is so weird. I deleted it (and
               | a few other apps) once on that first install of Win 10
               | and it has never come back. I've never used any tool to
               | disable or clean anything, etc... Just removed the apps
               | through supported means.
        
               | wlesieutre wrote:
               | It shouldn't happen anymore, but what kind of braindead
               | update system didn't check for that in the first place?
               | 
               |  _> One of the ongoing feedback items we've heard is how
               | the apps that come preinstalled with Windows will
               | reinstall after each upgrade - particularly noticeable
               | for our Insiders that receive multiple flights per month.
               | We've heard your feedback, and starting with Build 14926,
               | when your PC updates it will check for apps that have
               | been uninstalled, and it will preserve that state once
               | the update has completed. This means if you uninstall any
               | of the apps included in Windows 10 such as the Mail app
               | or Maps app, they will not get reinstalled after you
               | update to a newer build going forward._
               | 
               | "Oops, we totally forgot to consider that any users would
               | want to uninstall this bloatware, so we just included it
               | again as part of each update. And definitely no one
               | inside our organization had personally uninstalled Candy
               | Crush, pointed out this problem, and had their concerns
               | ignored because we wanted to maximize the number of
               | installs that our partners are paying us for. User
               | experience is our highest priority, and what're you going
               | to do about it, switch to Linux?"
               | 
               | https://blogs.windows.com/windows-
               | insider/2016/09/14/announc...
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | So MS turned Windows into the device OEM bloatware
               | infested version of stock Android, combined with Google
               | level tracking. Nice. I guess corporate customers are
               | treated different, at least my commercial Windows
               | liscense and my work-laptop has no bloatware worth
               | mentioning.
        
               | tomComb wrote:
               | And it's not just candy crush - there are many bloatware
               | that it would let you uninstall and then silently
               | reinstall them soon after.
               | 
               | To me, that is a whole new level of slime. Even for
               | Windows, that shocked me.
        
             | tester756 wrote:
             | Same here
        
         | DelightOne wrote:
         | Microsoft will never change.
        
         | StreamBright wrote:
         | I guess it just shows how much Microsoft is user focused.
         | 
         | The only reason why I was not using Windows was that it did not
         | have enough user options.
        
         | syshum wrote:
         | If only we had actual Anti-Trust enforcement, because this is
         | EXACTLY what they got wrist slapped for in the 90's
        
         | nvrspyx wrote:
         | > More granular control is nice and all, but I don't buy for a
         | second that it couldn't be behind some "advanced" button.
         | 
         | In fact, they could've just kept it the same as Windows 10
         | because this exact system was under "Choose defaults by app",
         | along with a "Choose defaults by protocol" option, at the
         | bottom of the defaults apps pane.
         | 
         | Windows 11 is a step back from more granular control
         | considering there is no longer the option to change defaults by
         | protocol. Instead, you need to go through multiple apps to see
         | which protocols each app supports rather than going straight to
         | the protocol/file type you want to change the default for.
        
           | bryanrasmussen wrote:
           | >Windows 11 is a step back from more granular control
           | considering there is no longer the option to change defaults
           | by protocol. Instead, you need to go through multiple apps to
           | see which protocols each app supports rather than going
           | straight to the protocol/file type you want to change the
           | default for.
           | 
           | haven't had a Windows machine for a couple years so I'm
           | wondering - is there still a registry and are protocols still
           | registered in it? I'm obviously not thinking about everyday
           | users going through that to change permissions, just thinking
           | about me.
        
           | warning26 wrote:
           | Windows 10's version was definitely better, but it still had
           | its own brand of sketchiness.
           | 
           | Specifically, they had chosen a window size that placed the
           | "default web browser" selector conveniently scrolled off the
           | bottom. It would _never_ be scrolled into view by default,
           | even if the defaults control panel had been explicitly opened
           | for the purpose of setting a default browser.
        
             | nvrspyx wrote:
             | Oh there were definitely dark patterns, especially if you
             | add in the "Microsoft Edge is the recommended browser for
             | Windows 10" or whatever was displayed when you tried to
             | change the default browser.
             | 
             | My only point is that, even by their own logic, it's a step
             | backwards, which makes the stated reason seem like straight
             | up deceit.
        
             | whatshisface wrote:
             | It baffles me that Microsoft cares what browser people use;
             | Edge is based on Chromium and Edge's user count confers
             | absolutely no authority over web standards (one of the
             | major things Google gets from making Chromium) to
             | Microsoft.
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | Why doesn't control of Edge give Microsoft a say in web
               | standards? They are not just a Chrome reskin: they can
               | and do add features that Google doesn't like or hasn't
               | prioritized, etc.
        
               | trelane wrote:
               | "based on" is very different from "is", especially when
               | the source isn't copyleft.
        
               | admax88qqq wrote:
               | If there's a decent chance that the web is the future,
               | would you really let yourself be cut out as a platform,
               | considering you _are_ a platform?
               | 
               | Gotta hedge your bets.
        
               | skymt wrote:
               | Edge defaults to Bing for searches, which is a direct
               | source of revenue via ads. Edge also uses browser history
               | for ad targeting via the "personalize your web
               | experience" option; I don't recall whether that's enabled
               | by default but I'd expect it is. On top of those there's
               | a price-comparison feature (affiliate revenue) and a
               | Pinterest partnership.
        
               | delusional wrote:
               | No more than a year ago the little "help" icon in
               | explorer linked to bing with a prefilled search query
               | that didn't even include a guard to make sure only
               | microsoft.com results were returned (that has since been
               | fixed). The results were (predictably) full of blog spam.
               | 
               | Microsoft was deliberately showing blog spam, just to
               | route users to bing. I can't understand how that's a good
               | business model.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | chriscjcj wrote:
       | Meanwhile, Firefox released version 57 that killed most of their
       | extensions and add-ons. Then it imposed terrible changes to their
       | UI that you can't change with the new extensions. Want tabs below
       | the address bar? Too bad. Github now has numerous projects for
       | re-vamping Firefox's userChrome.css because its UI is THAT bad.
       | And now there's Proton. I'm sure there's someone out there that
       | likes it, but I haven't heard from anyone who does. Want to turn
       | it off? Too bad. Mozilla thinks they know what's best for their
       | users and seems incapable of internalizing any criticism. If
       | Firefox is so great, why would so many calories get burned
       | creating Waterfox? If Mozilla were really doing a great job with
       | Firefox, giving people what they really wanted in a browser, they
       | wouldn't need to be quite so concerned about Microsoft's
       | shenanigans. If it were a great and wonderful browser, people
       | would want it and do what they needed to do to install it. This
       | is not an argument that what MS is doing is okay; it's not. But
       | after everything Firefox has dished out over the last few years,
       | it's just difficult for me to feel too sorry for them.
        
         | vmoore wrote:
         | > Meanwhile, Firefox released version 57 that killed most of
         | their extensions and add-ons
         | 
         | Palemoon supports older addons. Even has a archive of all the
         | old FF extensions on its homepage[0]. I never needed that many
         | addons though. I can't live without uBlock Origin though. It
         | should _ship_ with FF IMHO
         | 
         | [0] https://addons.palemoon.org/extensions/?all=1
        
         | mftb wrote:
         | So when FF reduces customization by changing the extension
         | system they are bad. When they let you customize the UI ad-
         | infinitum through userChrome.css it's because, "its UI is THAT
         | bad.". Right, got it, FF bad. Some of the devs who have worked
         | on the FF extension system over the years both before and after
         | the changes have blogged about why they had to do what they
         | did, https://yoric.github.io/post/why-did-mozilla-remove-xul-
         | addo..., are security and maintainability difficult to grok? FF
         | is large and has had to live in an increasingly hostile web for
         | a very long time. As for your reasoning about why there are
         | alternative browsers and ecosystems, it's simply not good. One
         | of the main reasons people work on alternative browsers is they
         | like making things. This is evident everywhere in Free
         | Software/Open Source, where there are options for almost every
         | part of every stack.
        
           | chriscjcj wrote:
           | Your point that extensions to modify the UI vs.
           | userChrome.css is well taken, but I would argue that it's
           | apples and oranges. I did a poor job of explaining myself.
           | I'll attempt to elucidate and apologize if I do a poor job
           | again. My argument regarding breaking extensions was in the
           | context of allowing users to modify the browser's UI/UX to
           | their liking.
           | 
           | Installing an extension is a common practice performed by
           | many people who possess little-to-no "computer skills." (for
           | lack of a better way to put it.) Just about anyone can search
           | for an extension, perform a few clicks, and install it. And
           | this used to be a popular method for those who disliked UI
           | changes Mozilla foisted upon them so that they could easily
           | return to a UI they enjoyed. Unfortunately, the UI
           | modifications that can now be made with extensions are
           | minimal. Users are encouraged to modify userChrome.css
           | instead. While this may seem trivial and perhaps preferred by
           | some in the HN demographic, this effectively takes it out of
           | the mainstream. Most users are not going to find their FF
           | profile folder, create a chrome folder (which doesn't exist
           | by default), and start coding css to make their browser look
           | different. Nor are they going to have any idea that there are
           | projects on github which would provide solutions for them.
           | But let's say, for argument's sake that one did go to the
           | trouble. Would you like to move the tabs below the address
           | bar? Good luck with that. And then watch your css no longer
           | work when Mozilla makes further changes making your
           | modifications ineffective. There is one project that does
           | manage to move the tabs below the address bar but it leaves a
           | blank area above the address bar where the tabs would be.
           | Mozilla has dug in on their tab bar dogma, user preference be
           | damned. We're seeing it again with proton. It seems to be
           | universally reviled, but guess what: you're gettin' it
           | whether you like it or not. Want to use your operating
           | system's printer dialog box instead of FireFox's incomplete
           | and buggy one? Too bad. https://support.mozilla.org/en-
           | US/questions/1322589?page=2#a...
           | 
           | I also understand that people create derivatives of open
           | source projects as an intellectual pursuit, which is
           | wonderful. However, I used Waterfox as an example. Indeed,
           | Waterfox appears to have begun its existence in much the way
           | you describe. But fast-forward to now, on their website's
           | main page, they trumpet their tab bar thus: "Fan-tab-u-lous -
           | Everyone likes to use their browser in a specific way." And
           | indeed, in the preferences there is a simple way to set the
           | position of the tab bar. Why would that be so hard for
           | Mozilla to do in Firefox? Why? They also highlight, "Limited
           | Data Collection," "No Telemetry," and "The most extension
           | support of any browser." Do you not think it safe to infer
           | that this may be their current raison d'etre and how they
           | would like to differentiate themselves from Firefox?
           | 
           | Yes, I know there are alternative projects. My criticism is
           | directed primarily toward the Firefox UI team. It is a
           | mystery to me why an organization that expends so much energy
           | and money marketing itself in an attempt to get new users,
           | regularly angering its existing users to the point where they
           | want to bail. This article is nice explainer:
           | https://www.inc.com/karl-and-bill/its-cheaper-to-keep-
           | em.htm...
        
           | chriscjcj wrote:
           | FWIW... here's a thread on the topic from /. today.
           | 
           | https://news.slashdot.org/story/21/09/12/181257/ask-
           | slashdot...
        
       | tgtweak wrote:
       | The amount of dark design patterns around getting edge as the
       | default browser is sickening. Opera was flagged as PUA by many
       | AVs for simply changing the default browser after asking users
       | post-install if they wanted to use that browser as their default
       | - just as edge does (and before Firefox copied that same
       | mechanism here). Now every post-windows update screen (which
       | takes place before you even log in...) comes with a full-page nag
       | screen asking you to "Use Microsoft recommended browser settings"
       | [1]... This is on the heels of a screen that says "Let's make
       | Windows even better - this shouldn't affect what you've already
       | set up" [2]. Even more disappointing is not that they're doing
       | this but that nobody is taking these platforms to court over it
       | in a meaningful way.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.windowslatest.com/2020/11/15/windows-10-is-
       | now-n...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.windowslatest.com/2020/06/07/windows-10-full-
       | scr...
        
         | trzeci wrote:
         | +1 on that: It's still manageable to set a default browser
         | which is not Ms Edge, but I found especially dark pattern -
         | that Windows apps do not respect that setting. Take a look on
         | the news feed in the recent Windows 10 release. When you click
         | on a link, it opens Ms Edge regardless what you have set as
         | default browser. I think I've seen also some user guides /
         | support pages opening also in Ms Edge that way. Frankly
         | speaking, even if I found some news feeds interesting, the fact
         | it will be opened in MS Edge made me to disable the feed at
         | all.
        
         | inetknght wrote:
         | > _Even more disappointing is not that they 're doing this but
         | that nobody is taking these platforms to court over it in a
         | meaningful way._
         | 
         | Average citizens don't have the money needed to fight big
         | corporate lawyers.
         | 
         | FTC, FCC, SEC, etc are all neutered in will and in budget.
         | 
         | Will nobody rid us of a corrupt collusion between government
         | and corporation?
        
           | p_j_w wrote:
           | >Will nobody rid us of a corrupt collusion between government
           | and corporation?
           | 
           | We could by changing who we vote for.
        
             | lnxg33k1 wrote:
             | Yeah, considering the amount of money needed to be known
             | and collect votes i guess it's either the government
             | starting to fund campaigns and disallowing corporate
             | donation or i see it as very hard to change that
        
             | oehpr wrote:
             | I'm sure if party A doesn't fix it, party B will totally
             | fix it! Definitely.
             | 
             | Oh, but maybe you're right, if we all just collectively
             | decided for party C, then things would really work.
             | 
             | Huh, I guess party C can't get in because of FPTP, well we
             | can change that! No big deal! Let's use a new voting
             | system!
             | 
             | ~ Signed: A person who lives in a province that has had 3
             | failed voting referendums.
        
               | myohmy wrote:
               | If you're in BC (probably) then you need to look a little
               | further back. The reason we have the BC Liberals (aka
               | Conservatives) is because the NDP (socdems) won on FPTP
               | and the Libs and Cons merged. Voting 3rd party is why we
               | are the only province in Canada with a vaccine passport.
               | 
               | I fully expect the Greens to win eventually. BCers will
               | vote their conscience, everybody else be damned.
        
             | inetknght wrote:
             | Changing votes won't solve the problem in America's two-
             | party system. It needs serious election reform not just in
             | donations but also in how the election works.
        
               | 93po wrote:
               | I think the first step is to changing voting system so
               | that it isn't possible to have spoiler candidates or
               | "throw away" your vote. Of course it'll probably be 20-30
               | years before that happens.
        
               | myohmy wrote:
               | So the solution to the two party system is to eliminate
               | democracy altogether?
               | 
               | I mean, I guess I expect that in 20-30 too...
        
               | lacksconfidence wrote:
               | IMO the solution is at least releated to ranked choice
               | voting, where people can vote for people that will never
               | win (at least this time around) without their vote
               | becoming meaningless.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | Alaska (my home state) implemented ranked choice voting
               | and open primaries via a ballot initiative. This applies
               | to both state and federal elections.
        
           | seph-reed wrote:
           | If anyone is going to save public sector from private, it's
           | gonna have to be good-actors in private sector.
           | 
           | Public sector is long, long, long beyond corrupted. The only
           | way forwards is to carefully migrate away from the infested
           | wreckage into something built from the ground up.
           | 
           | It's like a code-base that's been hacked mercilessly, and was
           | written in a dead language to boot.
        
         | narag wrote:
         | Let me add: last Windows update nuked VLC sound.
         | 
         | I wanted to report details of the bug, but after creating an
         | account with VLC, I can't post anything unless I provide my
         | phone number.
        
       | faebi wrote:
       | I recently had to help my parents since they could not login to
       | their email service anymore because Microsoft silently switched
       | the default browser to edge. And of course their saved
       | credentials aren't available anymore. They asked me what they did
       | wrong. I had no other words to say than that Microsoft is
       | literally abusing their position to force them to use something
       | else. It's Microsofts fault and we can't do anything about it.
       | Then I had to video call them to guide them through the anti-
       | patterns when switching the default browser. So, I do like
       | Mozillas behavior and wish Chrome offered the same.
        
       | lawl wrote:
       | Here's the relevant commit: https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-
       | central/rev/e928b3e95a6c3b725...
       | 
       | (I think)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | arsome wrote:
         | The fun bit (the generation of the "UserChoice" hash) is here:
         | 
         | https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/browser/compone...
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | Looks like it is going to:
         | 
         | Computer\HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVe
         | rsion\Explorer\FileExts
         | 
         | For ".html", ".htm" and:
         | 
         | Computer\HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Shell\Ass
         | ociations\UrlAssociations
         | 
         | For "https", "http" then:
         | 
         | - Nuke the UserChoice key because Microsoft put special
         | permissions on it.
         | 
         | - Re-create the UserChoice key setting the ProgId to Firefox
         | and then calculating the hash.
         | 
         | - The hash is calculated using, in part, a hard-coded Windows
         | internal GUID see FormatUserChoiceString here:
         | 
         | https://hg.mozilla.org/releases/mozilla-release/diff/7e775ce...
         | 
         | The whole thing looks super easy for Microsoft to break in a
         | future Windows release unfortunately.
        
           | Egoist wrote:
           | Interestingly, the first two registry steps are actually the
           | same as the previous windows. Having it behind a hash seems
           | way too user hostile though.
        
           | deoxykev wrote:
           | Looks like the hard-coded Windows internal GUID is found in
           | C:\Windows\SysWOW64\Shell32.dll
           | 
           | If you search for the string: "User Choice set via Windows
           | User Experience", you'll find the GUID used to calculate the
           | hash.
        
           | bob1029 wrote:
           | > The whole thing looks super easy for Microsoft to break in
           | a future Windows release unfortunately.
           | 
           | There are more aggressive techniques available that cannot be
           | turned off very easily. TrustedInstaller is the first one
           | that comes to mind. If you cant politely ask the registry,
           | you can always nuke edge from orbit.
           | 
           | I hope Firefox keeps pushing down this route. Make your
           | installation process as inflammatory as possible. I would
           | encourage a "Remove all existing web browsers" checkbox in
           | the final pane of the installation process - Default
           | selected, of course. Give them a proper taste of their own
           | medicine.
        
             | jefftk wrote:
             | _> "Remove all existing web browsers" checkbox_
             | 
             | Users having multiple browsers installed that they switch
             | between is a good thing that puts more pressure on browsers
             | to improve, and I would hate to see Firefox or any other
             | vendor push the dynamic farther away from that.
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | Sounds like what SetUserFTA does:
           | https://kolbi.cz/blog/2017/10/25/setuserfta-userchoice-
           | hash-...
        
         | vxNsr wrote:
         | This is what I was looking for.
        
         | jftuga wrote:
         | An interesting excerpt:                   // When Windows
         | creates this key, it is read-only (Deny Set Value), so we need
         | // to delete it first.         // We don't set any similar
         | special permissions.
        
       | sdflhasjd wrote:
       | Microsoft is using "protected associations" to keep people using
       | Edge, but I think people are forgetting how badly this used to be
       | abused before Microsoft added this feature.
       | 
       | Applications would regularly change default associations without
       | any user notice or consent.
       | 
       | For example, installers would bundle Adware and even Google
       | Chrome (hidden with common dark patters of the time), setting
       | your default browser or changing your homepage.
        
         | Semaphor wrote:
         | I think it's less that they block this (as much as us
         | powerusers might prefer them not to), and more that they
         | decided they obviously deserve to be exempt.
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | You're right.
         | 
         | The issue is mostly one of fairness: If Microsoft played by the
         | same rules as Firefox/Chrome, then there is no issue (e.g. UI
         | pops up, you have to select Edge). The problem is that
         | Microsoft has one rule for them and another for everyone else,
         | then designed an incredibly hostile defaults UI on Windows 11
         | to make changing it to non-Edge time-consuming.
        
           | sdflhasjd wrote:
           | Yup, the fact the settings dialogue behaves differently if
           | your current browser is Edge is clearly unfair, and Edge has
           | already been doing what Firefox is doing how, and skips the
           | UI entirely by spoofing the signature in the registry that
           | served to protect against non-consensual changes.
        
         | josephcsible wrote:
         | The concept of protected associations is reasonable. What's
         | completely unreasonable is giving Edge an exception to the
         | protection.
        
           | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
           | The concept of protected associations is only reasonable if
           | you ignore the fact that there will be a default. It is, de
           | facto for many users, making it impossible to change that
           | default.
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | If it were just unreasonably hard to change default
             | browsers, I wouldn't even care that much. The problem is
             | that it's unreasonably hard to change away from Edge, but
             | really really easy to change back to Edge.
        
         | dralley wrote:
         | Sure, fine, put in a generic "are you sure you want to do this"
         | prompt.
         | 
         | But that's not what they have right now. What they have now is
         | designed to promote and nag you about using Edge, specifically.
         | 
         | https://www.itsupportguides.com/wp-content/uploads/Windows10...
        
           | sdflhasjd wrote:
           | > Sure, fine, put in a generic "are you sure you want to do
           | this" prompt.
           | 
           | That's how it used to work (and how it works with non-browser
           | associations) before the more recent Edge-pushing dark
           | patterns.
        
       | aitchnyu wrote:
       | Outlook and Teams on Android force me to install Edge to view
       | links. I can't even paste links to non MS apps since the
       | plaintext will be a notice instead.
        
         | hamilyon2 wrote:
         | Wait, what? Isn't it a definite violation of android rules
         | around usage of intents and actions?
        
           | itsme-alan wrote:
           | I am using Teams for Android and Outlook and I don't have
           | even have Edge installed and links work fine.
        
         | rejectfinite wrote:
         | That is probably a configuration/compliance policy set by your
         | IT department via Microsoft Endpoint Manager. That is not
         | standard I think?
        
       | bluedino wrote:
       | I came in this morning to find my computer was opening PDF's in
       | Edge, as well as the default browser had been changed from Chrome
       | to Edge.
       | 
       | Stupid.
        
       | awinter-py wrote:
       | I don't understand -- US v microsoft was about literally this,
       | except it was netscape. How do you go through the largest tech
       | antitrust action ever and then just forget.
       | 
       | Why does msft even _want_ their thing to be default? The only
       | site I 've ever seen recommend it is the NY DMV, and it was a bad
       | recommendation -- they actually needed IE11.
        
       | ndiddy wrote:
       | In Windows XP the "set default programs" control panel had a one-
       | click "non-microsoft" setting that would change all default
       | programs to your installed alternatives. It seems like the
       | effects of their 90s antitrust trial seem to be wearing off.
        
         | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
         | Many here would argue they have less of a monopoly than ever.
         | Even as someone who thinks Windows does and will continue to
         | dominate the desktop for at least another decade, I find that
         | hard to disagree with given the mass migration of users from
         | desktop to mobile.
        
       | aeharding wrote:
       | If Microsoft's concern is default app hijacking by malicious
       | players, why isn't there some sort of app-signing process to
       | provide programs the better API?
        
         | kevincox wrote:
         | It should just be a one-click UAC window probably "Are you sure
         | you want Firefox to do this". But these dark patterns are
         | common.
        
           | josephcsible wrote:
           | I'd be fine with this if a UAC approval were also needed to
           | make Edge the default browser.
        
             | cge wrote:
             | This is particularly frustrating, yes. I think I'd actually
             | prefer it if applications could not make arbitrary changes
             | to system/user defaults on their own. I've had problems
             | with this on Windows, when I've needed to use it, but also
             | on Android, and even desktop Linux (Chromium in Debian sid
             | currently, rather bafflingly, seems to make itself the xdg-
             | open default even with $BROWSER, Gnome's default browser
             | setting, and x-www-browser all set to Firefox).
             | 
             | But to ostensibly create central, user-controlled methods
             | and restrictions for setting defaults to prevent unwanted
             | default changes and hijacking, and then actually use that
             | space as an advertisement for your own products (Are you
             | sure you want to change away from Edge? Have you tried
             | Edge? Do you want to switch back to Edge? Microsoft
             | recommends Edge!), while exempting your products from the
             | restrictions, completely destroys the point of those
             | controls, and any respect people would have for it.
        
       | CA0DA wrote:
       | The default browser switch in Windows 10 was using multiple dark
       | patterns to get you to stay with Edge. Good for Firefox.
        
       | kunagi7 wrote:
       | I expect that Microsoft won't like this and they will patch it.
       | 
       | Even if Firefox does this with good intentions, malware creators
       | can follow Firefox's example to do the same. Since Firefox is
       | open source they only need to copy the code from the repo.
        
         | tinus_hn wrote:
         | The way to do this has been known for years.
         | 
         | https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/bb630...
        
       | NazakiAid wrote:
       | This explains why the other day on a fresh Windows install,
       | Firefox set its self to the default browser with just 1 click.
       | Very easy and great especially as the computer was very slow.
       | 
       | Though I will admit, I thought something had gone wrong and it
       | didn't work as it couldn't open the default apps dialog.
        
       | kipchak wrote:
       | Fun Fact, if you go to Settings -> More Tools -> Math Solver,
       | Edge has a built in math tool that will solve for equations in
       | the browser window when highlighted.
       | 
       | https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/articles/learn-how-to...
        
         | sitzkrieg wrote:
         | msft lunch break comment?
        
           | kipchak wrote:
           | I wish, just digging in Edge attempting to configure it for
           | compliance purposes and I thought a Math Solver being a
           | feature was mildly amusing
        
       | dehrmann wrote:
       | This might not be an issue for default apps, but there was a time
       | when websites and toolbars abused setting the default homepage,
       | so I have mixed feelings about this. It also improves the user
       | experience if you use two browsers because when Chrome reminds me
       | it's not the default, it's harder to accidentally make it the
       | default.
        
       | gadders wrote:
       | Offtopic, but does anyone find Firefox really slow for gmail? I'm
       | wondering if Google do stuff to slow Firefox down deliberately.
        
         | dralley wrote:
         | Gmail performance is pretty horrific, for what it does. It used
         | to be even worse (twice as much memory and CPU as _Youtube_
         | according to about:performance), but they 've improved a bit
         | since then.
         | 
         | It's still pretty bad, though.
        
         | trident5000 wrote:
         | You're getting downvoted but they actually did this with
         | Youtube. So the answer is yes its possible.
        
         | maskros wrote:
         | Not really, but I'm still using Basic HTML gmail!
         | 
         | It's a very well hidden option, but the
         | https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/h/ link should take you there.
        
         | fleaaaa wrote:
         | It was once unusually fast on FF right after google shortage a
         | couple of month ago. Everything I click was instant, never had
         | those kind of experience.
         | 
         | Now I feel like it's slow on both. There might be a priority
         | issue but I doubt its slowness is FF only.
        
       | aSig wrote:
       | Any idea on how you would go about reverse engineering something
       | like this on windows?
        
       | heywherelogingo wrote:
       | "Wow, Microsoft has really changed!"
        
       | swamp40 wrote:
       | In the end of days, amongst the smoldering ruins, a cockroach
       | scurried over a keyboard and triggered yet another computer to
       | default back to Microsoft Edge. As far as the eye could see,
       | there was nothing left moving but the flitting of black vermin,
       | illuminated by glowing screens filled with the sulky,
       | impassioned, and now joyful gradient blue and green curved wave
       | of the Microsoft Edge logo. It had won. It had finally won.
        
       | _fat_santa wrote:
       | As I was reading this article I kept thinking to myself
       | "Microsoft is going to boot Firefox from Windows" before
       | realizing that MS doesn't have that sort of power (compared to
       | say Apple).
       | 
       | It's really interesting how MS will approach this. Unlike Apple,
       | MS doesn't have direct control over which apps go on the
       | operating system, they aren't even in a position like Google
       | where their app store is the dominant platform for getting apps.
       | 
       | This will be interesting, interesting to see how MS responds.
       | Will they give in and let users easily set their default browser
       | or will this turn into a cat and mouse game.
       | 
       | Lastly I think what MS is doing with the default browser is
       | foolish. Did they learn nothing from the antitrust cases of the
       | 2000's
        
         | ilaksh wrote:
         | They do have some control though. If you don't list with their
         | app store they default to accusing your software of being
         | malware and hiding the run button.
        
           | whywhywhywhy wrote:
           | > and hiding the run button
           | 
           | This isn't completely accurate, if the app is being seen only
           | in very small numbers the run button is hidden under "More
           | Info" but when Smartscreen has seen your app enough that it
           | can be more confident it's less harmful the "Run Anyway"
           | button is surfaced.
        
           | garaetjjte wrote:
           | That's not related to app store though, just the CA
           | protection racket.
        
             | ilaksh wrote:
             | It is because they waive the CA if you go through the
             | store.
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | My guess is they'll just leave it. You'll have the one-click
         | for Edge, whatever this workaround/RE is for Firefox, and
         | everything else will be the same. Maybe Mozilla will open
         | source this workaround.
        
           | iggldiggl wrote:
           | They'd have to go out of their way to _not_ open-source it.
        
         | vishnumohandas wrote:
         | > Apple
         | 
         | FWIW, on iOS, links from Google apps open up on Chrome if it's
         | installed, regardless of what your default browser is. Apple
         | seems to be okay with that.
        
           | dev_tty01 wrote:
           | Any app can do app specific URLs on iOS to invoke particular
           | apps with content. I would guess that Google apps detect the
           | presence of Chrome and modify the URLs to be Chrome specific
           | rather than generic https URLs. Its ok with Apple because
           | that is a standard supported mechanism on iOS.
        
             | vishnumohandas wrote:
             | As a user who expects all https links to open within my
             | default browser, Google's exploitation of this workaround
             | breaks the guarantees I expect out of the OS.
             | 
             | There are a lot of other "features" that are technically
             | feasible but not allowed on AppStore. This to me should
             | have been on that list.
        
               | dev_tty01 wrote:
               | Good point. Yeah, I don't like it either. Thinking about
               | it a bit more, I share your surprise that they allowed
               | this. I guess they need it for google.com links to make
               | things work together, but Apple could have told them non-
               | google links should be opened in the default browser.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | Any browser on iOS is just UI over Safari's rendering engine
           | and JS runtime.
           | 
           | Chrome, as in Blink and V8, is banned by Apple from running
           | on iOS.
        
         | dev_tty01 wrote:
         | Of course Apple allows Mac users to set the default browser as
         | a choice on the very first General preferences panel. Trivial
         | to change.
        
           | sitzkrieg wrote:
           | yea the flawless mac experience, what next being able to
           | uninstall apple music or podcasts?
        
         | barryvan wrote:
         | I suspect they will buckle -- but only partially, with an
         | allowlist of browsers blessed with this ability. This will
         | quiet the noise, but will also make it harder for small and
         | innovative browsers to compete, as I doubt Microsoft will build
         | out the processes to become blessed due to cost/benefit.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | This seems to be an industry-wide trend. Google, somewhat
           | recently, also banned "unauthorized" browsers from logging
           | into Google accounts at all.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Probably, but for security reasons the only correct thing to
           | do is remove the ability of Edge to set default browser
           | within the browser.
           | 
           | The only option app developers - including internal Microsoft
           | ones - should have is open some OS settings app in a
           | supported way, but the user has to accept the selection.
        
             | blendergeek wrote:
             | It should work like an Android permission prompt. The OS
             | should have an official method for apps to request to
             | become the default (not merely link to the default apps
             | page of settings). The OS prompt should look like this:
             | 
             | Would you like to make <APP NAME> the default app for <APP
             | CATEGORY>?
             | 
             | [No and don't ask again] [Yes]
             | 
             | Any app that wants to become the default (including Edge)
             | _should_ go through the official prompt. If the user has
             | already said no, and the app wants to continue nagging, at
             | this point the app will be able to link into the settings
             | (but not pop up the official prompt).
        
         | cabalamat wrote:
         | > This will be interesting, interesting to see how MS responds
         | 
         | Maybe they'll make a better browser, so people will prefer
         | theirs to Firefox and Chrome? Nah, that's unlikely.
        
           | pbhjpbhj wrote:
           | That can just cripple Office.com to browsers other than Edge,
           | then it looks like they have a better browser -- much easier!
        
           | worrycue wrote:
           | To be fair, Edge is basically just Chrome now no? It isn't
           | too bad although I stuck to Firefox.
        
             | cabalamat wrote:
             | > Edge is basically just Chrome now no?
             | 
             | Exactly. MS have given up on the idea of making a better
             | browser.
        
         | zaat wrote:
         | So I was at my parents house some time ago and my mom's
         | computer is for some reason set allow installing software from
         | the Microsoft store only. Nobody knows how that was set, my
         | mom's computer usage is characterized by randomly clicking on
         | things until the website she wants open, but somehow that
         | option have appeared for her to click on.
        
           | criley2 wrote:
           | Windows 10S only allows Microsoft Store downloads and you
           | have to change to Home/Pro to allow .exe's to run at all.
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | > Did they learn nothing from the antitrust cases of the 2000's
         | 
         | They learned for awhile- until the rest of the industry caught
         | up.
         | 
         | This might sound weird but I've actually been rooting for
         | Microsoft a lot lately. A majority of their revenue is not from
         | ads and lock-in BS and they weren't called in front of Congress
         | recently over antitrust concerns. I was hoping they would set
         | themselves apart from the pack in an odd way by making good
         | software and hardware products that people enjoy using. (xbox,
         | windows, office, WSL, VSCode, Visual Studio, hololens, phones,
         | laptops, Halo on Steam, etc.)
         | 
         | Seeing the new browser war and direction Windows 11 is headed,
         | now has me worried. The widgets pane is obviously for serving
         | ads.
         | 
         | I understand that these public companies are required to act in
         | the best interests of shareholders but I fear that the
         | obsessive push for revenue gains only benefits short term
         | shareholders. Long term shareholders get the shaft when every
         | decision is aimed at squeezing revenue just for the next
         | quarter.
         | 
         | Edit: I'm not a Microsoft/Windows-Stan either, I've been using
         | Linux intermittently since 2006-ish and now daily drive Fedora
         | as my main.
        
           | syshum wrote:
           | >>and lock-in BS
           | 
           | Microsoft has all kinds of ways they do vertical lockin, it
           | is not has overt as say Apple, but do not think for a second
           | that the company that promoted Embrace, Extend, Extinguish
           | does not have methods to lock in users
        
           | ChrisSD wrote:
           | > I understand that these public companies are required to
           | act in the best interests of shareholders
           | 
           | This is not true. Public companies are only required to be
           | honest with shareholders, no more or less. The shareholders
           | are free to invest elsewhere if the don't like how a company
           | is run, or to exercise whatever voting rights they bought
           | with the shares.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | That might have been true in the past, but now there are
             | activist shareholders who will try to take control rather
             | than dump the stock and move on to something else. After
             | all, it is their investment, and if they choose to raise
             | their voice then that is their right as well.
        
               | ChrisSD wrote:
               | Sure they can raise their voice but they're limited in
               | what they can achieve, legally speaking. Especially in
               | large companies with a lot of shareholders. Unless the
               | companies by-laws give shareholders undue influence,
               | which would be unusual.
               | 
               | It's true that activists can make a nuisance of
               | themselves if there are enough of them but they basically
               | have to hope to get sections of the press on their side
               | and for the company to care about that. The risk, of
               | course, is the bad press ends up hurting their own
               | investment.
               | 
               | In short, they have no legal recourse unless the company
               | mislead them in some way.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Are you really this unfamiliar with this or being obtuse
               | about it? Of course it is unlikely that a single
               | shareholder will have enough stock to hold clout, but
               | that's not how these people operate. Just like no one
               | person makes a difference when protesting anything. You
               | find like minded people, gather together, and make your
               | large number of people heard. Sure, it's not easy to get
               | a large enough percentage of the stock, but there are
               | ways of doing it and it has been done and will continue
               | to be done. A recent tech example is how Disney was
               | pushed by its investors to pursue the streaming options
               | [0].
               | 
               | [0]https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-10-07/dis
               | ney-ac...
        
               | ChrisSD wrote:
               | Huh? Even the headline uses the word "urges" and the
               | article doesn't say that Loeb can "require" anything. All
               | that happened is that:
               | 
               | > Loeb sent a letter to Disney Chief Executive Officer
               | Bob Chapek
               | 
               | And made it an open letter to get press attention. Loeb
               | is doing as I said in my last comment. He tried to get
               | sections of the press on side.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Okay, so you're being obtuse. Got it.
               | 
               | Have you tried playing this out to the end? You're hung
               | up on words like "require" that I, some random dude on
               | the interweb used, rather than actually realizing the
               | intent or spirit of the comment. You think any company
               | receiving negative press is going to just allow that to
               | continue without addressing the concerns somehow? An
               | activist investor/shareholder doesn't just stop with
               | press briefings. If they still feel agrieved, they can
               | attempt to manipulate the board by having their own
               | member installed. From there, they can direct if the CEO
               | even gets to keep their job. As a board member, they have
               | a lot more power.
               | 
               | I feel like you're limiting your imagination on how much
               | power stockholders can have. Some companies are probably
               | a little more resielient against this type of "attack",
               | but rich people play all sorts of games because they feel
               | slighted or bored. Watch the TV show "Billions" if you
               | want some fun fictional aspects, but these stories are
               | not made in a vacuum.
        
               | ChrisSD wrote:
               | Btw, naming calling does not help you make your case,
               | whatever that may be. Neither does watching a fictional
               | TV show. I'm really not inclined to continue this if this
               | is the level of discourse.
               | 
               | Can you show me one instance of activist shareholders of
               | a major company ousting a CEO via filling the board with
               | shareholder nominated directors? And no, "imagining" it
               | happening isn't evidence of it happening.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | If you think the term obtuse is name calling then that's
               | kind of on you. That's not my intent. It's just a word
               | that aptly describes the conversation. Obtuse and
               | ignorant are often misunderstood and taken as name
               | calling when if someone was name calling words like
               | stupid and dumb would be better suited.
               | 
               | >Can you show me one instance
               | 
               | Just a quick search: Exxon directors replaced:
               | https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/26/business/exxon-annual-
               | meeting...
               | 
               | Intel CEO ousted:
               | https://warriortradingnews.com/2021/01/14/intel-ceo-
               | ousted-b...
               | 
               | Shareholder activism can work. Yes, there are plenty of
               | search results titles that show the activism attempts to
               | oust someone failed. However, I did not pursue further
               | (beyond the scope of your question and lack of willing to
               | search on your own) if the attempt still had a change
               | towards the activist's agenda.
               | 
               | It seems that shareholder activists seem to be disliked
               | in the normal business world, but the normal business
               | world has taken us down some dark paths so I think they
               | can take a hike. Businesses have shown they care little
               | to nothing about the "greater good", but are only
               | concerned about the stockholders. So people have gotten
               | savvy to that notion, and have started to weaponize stock
               | ownership. Just like anything else, it can used for
               | "evil" and it was for a long time with hostile takeovers.
               | Now, these takeovers can have an impetus for good instead
               | of greed.
        
           | cabalamat wrote:
           | > The widgets pane is obviously for serving ads.
           | 
           | If Windows is going to have ads at the OS level, that I can't
           | get rid of, I simply won't use it.
           | 
           | > Long term shareholders get the shaft when every decision is
           | aimed at squeezing revenue just for the next quarter.
           | 
           | True
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | What is the definition of long term? Investments in
             | Microsoft and Apple would surely have paid off over the
             | past few decades.
        
           | ravenstine wrote:
           | > I understand that these public companies are required to
           | act in the best interests of shareholders but I fear that the
           | obsessive push for revenue gains only benefits short term
           | shareholders. Long term shareholders get the shaft when every
           | decision is aimed at squeezing revenue just for the next
           | quarter.
           | 
           | Never so succinctly have I seen described the economic
           | problem of the modern age; endless growth for its own sake.
           | Sure, it's motivated by profit, but society and global elites
           | don't act as if there are significant downsides to an
           | investment-driven economy. Rather, it's treated as a virtue,
           | else we wouldn't all be buying into it, literally and
           | figuratively, for the bare minimum of _not_ losing our
           | wealth.
           | 
           | > Halo on Steam
           | 
           | Hah, you don't hear much about Halo anymore. But it's
           | entirely possible you may be able to play Halo on Steam on
           | your Linux machine in the near future. Combat Evolved plays
           | really well on my M1 Macbook through Parallels (even with
           | Anniversary mode, given some settings tweaks) and Reach is
           | playable but drops a lot of frames; if you ever get a Linux
           | machine that runs on ARM then you can virtualize Windows for
           | ARM in a way that blows away any x86_64 emulation I've seen
           | in the past.
           | 
           | Of course most of the work to make that a reality isn't even
           | because of Microsoft besides their compiling of Windows for
           | ARM.
           | 
           | Besides that...
           | 
           | > xbox, windows, office, WSL, VSCode, Visual Studio,
           | hololens, phones, laptops, Halo on Steam, etc.
           | 
           | Honestly, the only decent things you mentioned are Office,
           | VSCode, and Halo, which are all things that just about any
           | other company could have created. Office itself is begging
           | for a viable alternative, but has been effectively
           | grandfathered in to being a necessity for businesses. I
           | mentioned Halo but not Xbox because, IMO, Xbox is an obsolete
           | concept and Microsoft knows this.
           | 
           | There's GitHub, but it's only a matter of time before
           | Microsoft decides to add "plans" for features that are
           | already free as well as forms of prioritization for all
           | things Windows.
           | 
           | I guess I'm not exactly sure what point I'm trying to make
           | besides that I _kind of agree with you_ in the sense that M$
           | has been less problematic than other Big Tech in recent
           | years. With Windows 11, now I 'm not so sure.
        
             | paganel wrote:
             | Imo their Lumia phones (and the accompanying OS and new UI
             | philosophy) were also something special, and I say that as
             | a hater of those products earlier on (i.e. before I got to
             | know them better). It's a shame that those phones didn't
             | catch on.
        
             | ISV_Damocles wrote:
             | Just a side note: I already can play Halo on Steam on Linux
             | with only one minor issue (Proton's conversion of DirectX
             | to Vulkan works _almost_ flawlessly, but doesn 't seem to
             | handle single-faced triangles, so the hologram of Cortana
             | in the opening scene looks bad as you see the back of her
             | head transparently through her face).
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | Microsoft's ad problem is that they damage their existing
           | products to advertise new products that are a lost cause.
           | 
           | There was that "crash your desktop" bug caused by an ad for
           | Teams but longer ago there was OneDrive... DropBox, Box,
           | Google and many others could make file sharing programs that
           | could sync successfully, but somehow Microsoft couldn't.
           | 
           | To add injury to insult they made OneDrive the default way to
           | save files in Microsoft Office, but sometimes a problem with
           | OneDrive would mean YOU COULDN'T SAVE YOUR WORK AT ALL.
           | 
           | If you've had that experience ONCE you are NEVER going to use
           | OneDrive ever.
           | 
           | Then there was that time that OneNote was a pretty good
           | product but Microsoft killed it by inserting at least five
           | icons on and around your desktop (practically up your nose)
           | signalling that it is absolute garbage that they're trying to
           | force up your A*.
           | 
           | Google kills products after the launch, but Microsoft kills
           | them in the process of launch with it's internal advertising.
        
             | easton wrote:
             | OneDrive on Windows is fine now, but oh my gosh OneDrive
             | for Mac is a mess. I didn't use it until my new M1 Mac (so
             | maybe they are re-implementing everything without kernel
             | extensions and it's causing issues), but it absolutely
             | sucks. Every time it starts it can't find the folder, and I
             | have to tell it where it is, then it will say "up-to-date"
             | but nothing will actually have synced, then when it
             | eventually catches up it spews duplicate files everywhere
             | because every other box I have OneDrive on has updated
             | since this computer actually synced. And Office doesn't
             | understand that when I save in the ~/OneDrive folder, it
             | goes into OneDrive, so it won't enable AutoSave or sharing
             | unless you do a Save As and save it to the OneDrive
             | SharePoint site it automatically adds.
             | 
             | It's like OneDrive on Windows 5-6 years ago. I know other
             | people that used it, it worked fine at one point, but now
             | it's terrible.
        
             | dralley wrote:
             | Google isn't immune to this https://imgur.com/a/vtW67nt
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Looks like you have google fonts disabled? They're
               | supposed to be icons, but since they can't be loaded, the
               | text gets shown instead.
        
               | missblit wrote:
               | Icon fonts like `Material Icons` are a terrible idea for
               | exactly this reason.
               | 
               | They can also confuse search engines (Try a Google search
               | for "keyboard_arrow_up" and scroll down a few results for
               | instance, Bing too if you put it in quotes).
               | 
               | Webmasters should use SVGs or bitmaps with appropriate
               | alt or aria attributes; but it's easier to just load in a
               | font and hope that it loads fast enough to not cause
               | problems / that the user doesn't override it
        
             | tl wrote:
             | > To add injury to insult they made OneDrive the default
             | way to save files in Microsoft Office, but sometimes a
             | problem with OneDrive would mean YOU COULDN'T SAVE YOUR
             | WORK AT ALL.
             | 
             | It's worse than that. The change to default OneDrive breaks
             | auto-save everywhere that isn't OneDrive. On the Mac, this
             | includes breaking auto-save on pre-Azure Sharepoint
             | instances and network shares, but some of that works
             | sometimes on Windows. So Office is a worse product even if
             | you _never_ use OneDrive.
        
               | Notanothertoo wrote:
               | Yep and as a Mac user with office your just left
               | wondering why. Why on earth would I use one drive on Mac.
               | One of the many reasons stopped using office on Mac. Rip
               | excel.
        
           | Craighead wrote:
           | Ahahahahahahahahaha
           | 
           | >a majority of their revenue is not from ads and lock-in BS
           | 
           | You're not a stan, you're only a fool.
        
           | prox wrote:
           | I wish I could give you an award or magically transport you
           | to the MS office where these ridiculous choices are made. You
           | hit nail on head I think.
           | 
           | It's the same manager mistakes over and over again.
        
           | bayindirh wrote:
           | I was also kinda liked _The New Microsoft_ and prepared to
           | put my anger towards them to the side (I remember the ACPI
           | memo days). Also, as a grown-up computer user, I got
           | appropriate number of licenses (for every Microsoft
           | application we use) for my family and personal computers.
           | 
           | However, the latest GitHub Copilot stuff, their agreement
           | with OpenAI, return of their embrace, extend, extinguish
           | tactics with GitHub, VSCode and other stuff undone
           | everything.
           | 
           | It's their DNA now. All Microsoft Empire is built with
           | crushing monopoly as their core value and driving force.
           | Changing this requires more than changing a mere CEO and
           | posting a "We Love Linux" banner.
           | 
           | The only really good thing they do is hardware.
           | 
           | Posted from my Debian 11 box using Microsoft Keyboard.
        
             | Semaphor wrote:
             | What kind of EEE do they currently do? Outside of GH, I
             | don't even see them having any kind of position dominant
             | enough to extinguish anything and GH doesn't seem to have
             | shifted in any way since MS bought them, they were "value
             | add on top of git" before and are still now.
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | WSL is clearly EEE.
        
               | nvrspyx wrote:
               | I don't exactly see how WSL fits in any "extinguish"
               | strategy. Maybe in regards to desktop Linux? I doubt
               | Microsoft are aiming to extinguish desktop Linux
               | considering its currently irrelevant market share and
               | Windows no longer being Microsoft's bread winner. WSL
               | seems to be more for the benefit of Azure, their real
               | money maker, and backend developers.
               | 
               | I'd wager it started development as an internal tool
               | considering how much of their workforce now works on
               | Azure and the Windows team being absorbed into the Azure
               | department.
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | Of course in regards to desktop Linux, what else? It
               | keeps developers inside the Windows ecosystem.
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | I'd argue the opposite... Although I'm changing jobs in a
               | few weeks, WSL2 has allowed for a push towards
               | Linux/Docker usage and a significant uptake for new
               | development. This is in a historically mostly Windows
               | environment... if it weren't for WSL, it would still all
               | be windows.
               | 
               | The shift in open development of .Net Core/5/6 has been
               | nice too. I absolutely love the Remoting
               | extensions/tooling for VS Code as well. I can
               | edit/terminal on remote systems with ease. All of these
               | things have made actually building/deploying to Linux
               | servers a pleasure.
               | 
               | I jokingly say that Windows is one of the best Linux
               | Desktop distros at this point, and there's some merit to
               | that claim. I have the new terminal set to my WSL
               | environment as default, spend most of my time in VS Code
               | using WSL and Docker. Of course, I'm also switching my
               | personal desktop back to (only) PopOS in a few weeks,
               | also bought an M1 Macbook.
               | 
               | I'm not tethered to Windows in any meaningful way, but
               | the water is pretty nice. It's crap like in TFA that
               | causes me to not want to stay in the Windows pool.
        
               | nvrspyx wrote:
               | I imagine WSL doesn't really affect most Linux desktop
               | users and it really only impacts those that used full-
               | blown VMs for dev work on Windows anyway.
               | 
               | I doubt many people are dual-booting on work computers
               | and WSL really only benefits developers, which are most
               | likely developing something on Linux (i.e. server linux)
               | for work.
               | 
               | Again, Windows is no longer the bread winner of Microsoft
               | and desktop Linux is comparatively irrelevant to
               | Microsoft considering it represents like 1% of the
               | market. Both ChromeOS and macOS are more direct
               | competitors to Windows.
               | 
               | Why would they work to extinguish a non-competitor for a
               | product that has taken a backseat from all of their other
               | products? It just doesn't make sense.
        
               | withinboredom wrote:
               | > I doubt many people are dual-booting on work computers
               | and WSL really only benefits developers, which are most
               | likely developing something on Linux (i.e. server linux)
               | for work.
               | 
               | I was dual booting Linux. I find WSL perfect for this
               | because I can basically have different distributions with
               | a lot of common tools stored in a windows folder. It's
               | perfect!
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | >Again, Windows is no longer the bread winner of
               | Microsoft and desktop Linux is comparatively irrelevant
               | to Microsoft considering it represents like 1% of the
               | market.
               | 
               | If it's not their breadwinner then they should port over
               | their office suite and the Windows API to Linux.
        
               | nvrspyx wrote:
               | This isn't helping your argument. Why would they do that?
               | Again, Linux is comparatively irrelevant at 1% market
               | share. It's not worth the cost, which is why most games
               | don't have Linux ports.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | _If it 's not their breadwinner then they should port
               | over their office suite and the Windows API to Linux._
               | 
               | How much do you think it would cost to port Office to
               | Linux? How many extra Office licenses do you think they'd
               | sell? Given your estimates of these two numbers, do you
               | think Microsoft would turn a profit off of Office for
               | Linux.
               | 
               | Anyway they've already 'ported' a decent subset of Office
               | to Linux in form of Office365
        
               | zaphar wrote:
               | Why? I mean it's clearly Embrace. But Embrace and Extend
               | are the goals of OSS. MS is a for profit company true.
               | But OSS has never been anti-profit. The last E is
               | problematic of course and MS has a history of going for
               | Extinguish in the past. However I haven't seen any sign
               | of that behavior in the current leadership and they've
               | been doing their thing for a while now. You may not
               | believe MS can change and you may not trust them. But
               | that's a faith statement right now not a fact statement.
        
               | smichel17 wrote:
               | I've understood the second E to mean "...with our
               | proprietary stuff". Building OSS on top of other OSS is
               | still just Embrace.
               | 
               | An example of Extend would be building features for WSL
               | that only work in WSL, not Linux proper. So now people
               | become dependent on the MS ecosystem, and lock-in begins;
               | the lock-in is what enables the Extinguish phase.
        
               | opencl wrote:
               | They've done a little bit of that with DirectX for WSL2.
               | 
               | https://devblogs.microsoft.com/directx/directx-heart-
               | linux/
        
               | garaetjjte wrote:
               | >An example of Extend would be building features for WSL
               | that only work in WSL, not Linux proper.
               | 
               | That thing already exists, DirectX is available only
               | under WSL: https://devblogs.microsoft.com/directx/wp-
               | content/uploads/si...
               | 
               | Extinguish phase is not clear though. (at least for now)
        
               | to11mtm wrote:
               | Hard to say. I think to some extent there would have to
               | be something to 'extinguish'.
               | 
               | At this point, 3d rendering is a bit of a crapshoot;
               | Multi-platform vendors will likely have a pluggable
               | rendering pipeline anyway (i.e. need to use DirectX for
               | XBox, PS4/PS5 APIs, Metal for iOs, DirectX for Windows,
               | maybe Vulkan if they developed on Linux or just want to
               | make it easier to port later).
               | 
               | If I reach in my head, perhaps some form of 'DirectAI'
               | API could limit competition in some markets or force
               | vendor lock-in.
               | 
               | Otherwise, I think Microsoft is in a space where they
               | seem to be pretty OK with; being the #2 in a lot of
               | spaces is still profitable, with the benefit of less
               | oversight regarding antitrust.
               | 
               | The other place I -might- forsee Microsoft doing 'lock-
               | in' is around their developer tooling. By that I mean,
               | they have a lot of cool tech that is a PITA to deploy at
               | scale... unless you use Azure. SignalR scaleout would be
               | a prime example that comes to mind.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | I think, Microsoft clearly understands that Linux is not
               | going anywhere, but they can try to limit where it goes
               | instead of trying to make it go away.
               | 
               | Linux has two fronts: Server and Desktop. It's clearly
               | won in server space, in some very important categories.
               | 
               | But, what if Microsoft can make Windows attractive
               | enough, so it can run Linux applications without the
               | Linux desktop itself, and prevent developers from
               | installing a bona fide distribution to their boxes
               | alongside Windows? With this, they can
               | - Add some proprietary extensions to WSL to keep some dev
               | tools trapped         - Double down on secure boot and
               | key management, citing "We can run these applications
               | anyway, where's the monopoly?"         - Slow down
               | adoption of desktop Linux installations
               | 
               | Hence, push Linux to server space to reclaim the
               | "creative/young" desktop space, and prevent them from
               | becoming irrelevant, and pushing Linux to systems rooms
               | of cloud, so it becomes something like "The real world"
               | in Matrix (the movie)?
               | 
               | Just give it a thought.
        
               | aiisjustanif wrote:
               | GitHub is still pretty independent of Microsoft.
               | Internally it's a different pay structure, somewhat
               | different employee benefits, finance decisions, and
               | different leadership.
        
               | Quillbert182 wrote:
               | They also own npm, which they also haven't done anything
               | with yet, but the potential is there.
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | Oh no, not the "potential!" Please, I had completely
               | forgotten that Microsoft owned npm until reading your
               | comment. There's no more "potential" there than any other
               | product/service from any other company, and Microsoft has
               | done absolutely nothing to indicate that they will screw
               | with npm.
        
             | flatiron wrote:
             | I recently left Apple and my new company gave me a choice
             | of windows or macOS as my device and I chose windows. I'm
             | not really sure why. But I do have to say after not using
             | windows for 10+ years it's come a long way. Wsl simply is
             | amazing. Vscode works perfectly with it. The office apps
             | are leaps and bounds better than there macOS counterparts.
             | I certainly have never been a MS lover but I think they are
             | much better now than their 90s reputation.
        
               | binkHN wrote:
               | They are also, very much, embracing Linux. More and more
               | of Azure has Linux underpinnings and we'll see more
               | integration of Linux in Windows, starting with WSLg.
        
               | syshum wrote:
               | Yes, but likely they will then "extend" Linux so if an
               | dev is using WSL to develop a linux project you will need
               | to install MS things on your production enviroment,
               | likely in the NET Core world... I am sure this will
               | happen with the full support the Linux Foundation whom
               | they paid off. It will also come by default in Azure I am
               | sure
               | 
               | After they "extend" with MS open source then start to
               | require just a few closed binaries, that is not a big
               | deal right, for the functionality... see VSCode as an
               | example of this in modern times. This likely will be a
               | paid feature unless you use Azure where it will be
               | free...
               | 
               | and before long we enter the Extinguish phase
        
               | smoldesu wrote:
               | I don't really see that as much of a concern. If
               | Microsoft announced plans for world domination tomorrow,
               | all I'd need to change in my workflow is which fork of VS
               | Code I'm using.
        
               | gsnedders wrote:
               | I mean a lot of the Azure stuff is realising that they
               | could either: continue offering Windows Server only and
               | likely miss out on a lot of potential customers but gain
               | some sales of Windows Server, or start offering Linux in
               | their cloud offering. Ultimately they decided to do the
               | latter, and I'd bet that it's the more profitable option.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | I think the writing has been on the wall for a while now
               | - Windows (server or otherwise) is no longer considered
               | the money maker - now it's Office and Azure.
               | 
               | Nadella was literally the top Cloud Computing executive
               | at the company before he was picked for CEO.
               | 
               | Replacing Balmer - who was _very_ pro-windows.
        
             | jcelerier wrote:
             | > It's their DNA now. All Microsoft Empire is built with
             | crushing monopoly as their core value and driving force.
             | 
             | it's literally the point of being a public company, how is
             | that a surprise for anyone.
        
             | tester34 wrote:
             | >GitHub Copilot
             | 
             | Github is Github
             | 
             | Microsoft is Microsoft
             | 
             | Aren't they? Github works heavily independently from MS
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | Eh, mostly.
               | 
               | For CoPilot, you need a language model, where the current
               | best one is made by OpenAI, which doesn't like to share
               | its stuff.
               | 
               | This is the same OpenAI, which got $1B from Microsoft,
               | and gave commercial licenses to Microsoft to use GPT-3.
               | 
               | Which is the company which also owns GitHub, and also has
               | a platform like Azure, so it can just "lend" GPT-3 and
               | some servers to train the said model on some code, which
               | GitHub clearly has possession of.
               | 
               | So, while they're different, and it's casually owned by
               | the other, this ownership allows them to put one's code
               | and other's GPT-3 access into "good" use.
               | 
               | At the end of the day, public code is public, so license
               | doesn't matter, eh?*
               | 
               | *: CoPilot is trained on all public code containing GPL,
               | AGPL and similar licenses which doesn't allow proprietary
               | use, so it's another ball of hair.
        
               | eagle2com wrote:
               | Microsoft acquired github in 2018
        
               | nvrspyx wrote:
               | I think they recognize that, but are stating that
               | Microsoft has taken a hands-off approach after acquiring
               | GitHub and that GitHub mostly runs independent of
               | Microsoft, similar to NPM.
        
             | ReactiveJelly wrote:
             | The existence of company DNA is a marketing fib.
             | 
             | Every company aspires to be big enough to integrate the
             | entire stack and kick out all their competition. Only a few
             | manage to do it.
             | 
             | There was never a new Microsoft. There was only Microsoft
             | when they admitted they didn't have a stranglehold monopoly
             | on PCs anymore.
             | 
             | It's as basic a strategy as anything you'd find in Art of
             | War: When you're #2, cooperate with #3 to take down #1.
             | When you're #1, pull up the ladder so #2 and #3 can't use
             | it.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | > The existence of company DNA is a marketing fib.
               | 
               | It isn't - company DNA doesn't always represent positive
               | attributes.
               | 
               | Company culture, incentive structure, priorities and
               | skill-sets are all part of what's given the shorthand
               | "company DNA" (and all are self-reinforcing/self-
               | replicating. Google's DNA makes it exceptional at
               | developing and scaling complex web services, but terrible
               | at product longevity (except for the break-out hits), and
               | terrible at consumer electronics. Apple is mostly the
               | opposite. In spite of all their efforts, both companies
               | struggle to be half as good as the other one in the areas
               | outside of their core competency, because of their
               | respective company DNA.
        
           | yessirwhatever wrote:
           | I suspect it that this is like the usual situation at MS,
           | most employees think this strategy is dumb, but there's that
           | one guy who's still living like it's 1991 and he's got good
           | connections with management, so they let them run unchecked.
           | That's the person who's coming up with such idiotic
           | strategies.
        
             | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
             | I'm not so sure. It's possible all the employees who
             | thought this was dumb left before or shortly after Windows
             | 8, so all that's left are people who don't care and the
             | incompetent.
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | > and they weren't called in front of Congress recently over
           | antitrust concerns
           | 
           | Congress hasn't exactly been a hotbed of anti-trust activity
           | over the past 40 years. I wouldn't take the absence of action
           | here as anything particularly meaningful.
        
           | smt88 wrote:
           | I understand the temptation to root for New Microsoft, but we
           | should all remember that large corporations are extremely
           | powerful psychopaths. Anything they do that _seems_ ethical
           | is self-serving, not part of a moral code that they will
           | follow even when it hurts them.
        
             | tracker1 wrote:
             | I understand, but disagree with the sentiment... Companies
             | are a collection of different people, with differing actual
             | personalities, including agreements, disagreements and
             | meaningful conflict and negotiations.
             | 
             | To some extent it comes from leadership down, to another it
             | starts at the ground floor. In the end, I think most MS
             | movement has been self-serving, that doesn't make it
             | inherently bad or good. I'm not liking the OS-shift, which
             | seems to be following Apple/Google in a lot of ways.
             | 
             | That doesn't mean everything MS does is poison.
        
               | smt88 wrote:
               | > _That doesn 't mean everything MS does is poison._
               | 
               | Of course not. I love New Microsoft's products and
               | customer/dev support. I vastly prefer Microsoft over any
               | other FAAMG. I trust them more and think they're far less
               | harmful than any of the others.
               | 
               | All that said, I don't believe any of this is because of
               | ethical principles. It's because they make more money by
               | being "good" than by antagonizing their own society and
               | customers.
               | 
               | > _Companies are a collection of different people, with
               | differing actual personalities, including agreements,
               | disagreements and meaningful conflict and negotiations._
               | 
               | Yes, but as we've seen throughout human history, morals
               | disappear as soon as people are part of a large group.
               | You can participate (and even lead!) while telling
               | yourself that the things you're doing as a group are
               | totally out of your control.
               | 
               | For example, I have a Jewish friend at Facebook who is
               | appalled by their enablement of conspiracy theories, but
               | he still works at Facebook.
               | 
               | If everyone at Facebook who objected to their company's
               | behavior would find another job, I guarantee the behavior
               | would change or the company would collapse.
               | 
               | > _I think most MS movement has been self-serving, that
               | doesn 't make it inherently bad or good_
               | 
               | I guess it depends on your definition of "bad". I have
               | never observed a large corporation take a huge hit to its
               | bottom line in order to stand up for something moral. I
               | don't think I ever will. To me, that's "bad" -- a group
               | of people who exercise an enormous amount of power
               | without feeling that they're personally responsible for
               | the consequences. That's why I described it as
               | psychopathy.
        
         | Iv wrote:
         | > Did they learn nothing from the antitrust cases of the 2000's
         | 
         | They learnt that all they risk is a slap on the wrist a decade
         | later, and a fee that's a drop in their profits.
        
         | anothernewdude wrote:
         | That's silly. Chrome has become so dominant that it'd be a good
         | move on MS's part to help segment the browser market by
         | supporting Firefox
        
           | joncrane wrote:
           | Isn't Google the single largest contributor to the Mozilla
           | Foundation?
        
             | boomboomsubban wrote:
             | No. The Mozilla Corporation is the largest contributor to
             | the Mozilla Foundation, though most of their money comes
             | from selling the default search rights to Google.
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | That sounds like '"yes" but I don't like to admit it'.
               | 
               | I mean their money comes from the bank account that
               | others pay in to, but that's a stupid and irrelevant
               | distinction ...
        
               | sfink wrote:
               | No, I think it was "yes but I want to be pedantic about
               | it". If you had just said "Mozilla" the answer is an easy
               | yes. But you made the mistake of specifying MoFo (as
               | opposed to MoCo).
               | 
               | That said, I work for Mozilla and in practice we're very
               | independent. Our user base, small as it may be compared
               | to the past, is still a valuable bargaining chip. We are
               | still very much fighting for an open and accessible Web
               | in the standards arena (where technical and philosophical
               | arguments work well with the actual Google people doing
               | the work, even if the outcome is not optimal for google
               | the advertising juggernaut.)
               | 
               | Opinions my own, can't speak for Moz,etc.
        
               | LanceH wrote:
               | His point is that Google is a customer, not a
               | contributor.
        
               | e3bc54b2 wrote:
               | Which in this case is equivalent to 'if you owe 10k to
               | Bank its your problem, but if you owe 10M its the bank's
               | problem'.
               | 
               | One way or another Mozilla relies on Google remaining its
               | customer for vast majority of money, while Google being
               | their biggest competitor who eats out ever more of
               | Mozilla's market share every year, further reducing any
               | reason for Google to remain their customer going forward.
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | They've had other customers in the past and present, and
               | could have others in the future. Should they take less
               | money to not take the money from Google?
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | If I didn't like to admit it, I wouldn't have clarified
               | that most of the Mozilla Corporation's money comes from
               | Google.
               | 
               | As the other poster mentioned, there's a meaningful
               | distinction between customer and contributor. If Google
               | stopped buying the contract for the default search,
               | someone else would buy it. Like Yahoo did in around
               | ~2014. Or like various other search engines already do in
               | other countries/languages.
        
           | rocqua wrote:
           | I've been wondering. What happens if Edge beats chrome?
           | Chromium is developed by google, and used by Edge. Will
           | google continue developing chromium just to have Microsoft
           | reap the rewards. If not, is google going to abandon
           | chromium? Will microsoft pick up the slack? If so, are they
           | going to fork chromium and develop on the form, or are they
           | going to work on the original repo? What about the chromium
           | name / trademark.
           | 
           | If this goes wrong, what is google going to think of open-
           | source development. If the second biggest (I think) open
           | source application turns out to have been a failure for the
           | company backing it, what is that going to do to commercial
           | open-source development?
           | 
           | I find this a scary prospect.
        
             | criley2 wrote:
             | Desktop browsing is the minority and shrinking every year.
             | Google will always have more Chrome users on Android than
             | there are Windows devices in existence.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | If it goes well enough for Microsoft, I'd expect Google to
             | change the license/stop publishing and Microsoft to fork
             | from there.
             | 
             | The point of the chromium name is to provide a name that's
             | not the general product name. I haven't looked at the
             | license, but I don't think Google can take that name back;
             | but if they do, Microsoft would just change it to something
             | else, no big deal.
             | 
             | Google has already turned their back on open-source
             | development; so much of Android isn't in AOSP, and I don't
             | think it's coming back. Chrome so far has stayed open-
             | source, but whenever it becomes inconvenient for that to
             | stay, I expect it will. Such is corporate life.
        
           | wubin wrote:
           | I doubt MS wants that kind of segmentation if they themselves
           | rely strongly on the Chromium project.
        
         | ocdtrekkie wrote:
         | I suspect Microsoft will modify their undocumented API that
         | they have no obligation to maintain as-is so that it only
         | accepts EXEs in Edge's program folder or something.
        
         | tgtweak wrote:
         | Just wait for those "store-only" versions of windows to grow in
         | distribution, then Microsoft touting store policy for not
         | allowing Firefox in the store...
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | > _I kept thinking to myself "Microsoft is going to boot
         | Firefox from Windows" before realizing that MS doesn't have
         | that sort of power (compared to say Apple)._
         | 
         | Actually, when it comes to Windows and macOS, Microsoft has
         | about the same power as Apple does when it comes to limiting
         | what software can and can't run on their operating systems.
         | 
         | Defender on Windows works like Gatekeeper does on macOS.
         | Defender gets to decide what runs or doesn't run on a Windows
         | system, using a similar approach to Gatekeeper.
         | 
         | Both Apple and Microsoft require developers to regularly buy
         | certificates to sign the software they intend to distribute to
         | macOS and Windows users, and they require developers to remain
         | in good standing with either company. Unsigned software is
         | treated as if it is radioactive by both operating systems, and
         | macOS on M1 Macs goes one step further by deprecating unsigned
         | binaries entirely.
         | 
         | If Apple or Microsoft want to, they can revoke a developer's
         | certificates, and any app that was signed with them will be
         | prevented from running by Gatekeeper or Defender. They can also
         | choose not to renew a developer's certificates, preventing apps
         | from running when the certificates they were signed with
         | expire.
         | 
         | To 99.9% of users, apps signed with revoked or expired
         | certificates will be portrayed as either being broken or
         | malicious by macOS or Windows.
        
         | Angostura wrote:
         | > MS doesn't have that sort of power (compared to say Apple)
         | 
         | That's an interesting question. I suppose Apple could refuse to
         | sign the executable, which would make things tricky but could
         | they actually boot Firefox from MacOS?
         | 
         | I think not.
        
           | cma wrote:
           | Yes, remember this?
           | 
           | > Apple has released a silent update for Mac users removing a
           | vulnerable component in Zoom
           | 
           | Removed not by antivirus you can disable, removed by an OS
           | update.
        
             | Angostura wrote:
             | Do I remember Apple updating XProtect to remove a Zoom
             | component that allowed attackers to potentially hijack
             | users' webcams? I do. Zoom had installed a hidden web
             | server on users' computers that was (a) exploitable and (b)
             | not removed upon deletion of the app. As a result, users
             | who had previously deleted Zoom might not even realize they
             | were vulnerable to this potential attack.
             | 
             | Zoom worked with Apple and updated the app hours later.
             | 
             | You can kill XProtect if you want by disabling System
             | Integrity Protection and modifying the malware signature
             | file.
        
         | orbital-decay wrote:
         | Microsoft were doing this for ages... From the NT kernel to the
         | shell. To stay above competition, they have tons of different
         | undocumented APIs they keep for themselves to use, and don't
         | guarantee it to exist or stay unchanged in future. In fact this
         | is _the_ response. Nothing special about this particular one.
         | Developers reverse engineer those, and try to rely on them, all
         | the time.
        
           | kmeisthax wrote:
           | Every OS and library has some form of undocumented/internal
           | APIs that they don't want users of that library or OS to be
           | relying upon.
           | 
           | Hell, Linux even uses DRM (not the Direct Rendering Manager,
           | Digital Rights Management) to check if your LKM is licensed
           | properly to call those APIs. GPL-incompatible libraries only
           | get to link to functions that are rough equivalents to
           | syscalls.
        
             | pbhjpbhj wrote:
             | Calling what you describe DRM is pretty deceptive. Can you
             | get access to DRM-ed materials by promising to share them
             | freely under an open license?
             | 
             | That said I'm surprised by what you describe as I'm
             | struggling to understand how that works -- you're saying
             | the Linux kernel has a secret API, surely one can read the
             | source and/or documentation and find the API details. Or
             | are you saying calls to kernel APIs are cryptographically
             | protected? Could you give details of what this system is
             | called, thanks.
        
               | icefo wrote:
               | The zfsonlinux developers complained a while ago that
               | some API they were using became GPL only and I think they
               | had to write a wrapper in GPL to get around it.
               | 
               | I'm on mobile so I can't give you more details but you
               | can probably find more if you look in that direction
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | It was API, not API key.
               | 
               | Kernel is GPL, so only GPL modules can touch its internal
               | APIs. For non-derived works, there is a subset of APIs,
               | that are declared to be fine if used by non-GPL code. ZFS
               | had a problem, where they were using something that
               | should not be used (fp in kernel), which got removed and
               | they had to find a replacement, which was GPL-only.
               | 
               | It is also necessary to say, that this is honor-based.
               | Any module declares its license and the linker either
               | allows or not allows resolving a symbol. There are no
               | checks whether the module is really GPL or not, it is to
               | show intent, and if you want to cheat, you must do it
               | willfully, not by accident.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | > ZFS had a problem, where they were using something that
               | should not be used (fp in kernel), which got removed and
               | they had to find a replacement, which was GPL-only.
               | 
               | All that symbol did was tell the kernel to save the fpu
               | registers.
               | 
               | It's dishonorable _of the relevant kernel developers_ to
               | pretend that 's something relevant to the GPL.
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | It was more complicated than that. Some architectures do
               | not support that.
               | 
               | And what's more pressing is, that it is an internal
               | implementation details. Preserving it for ZFS would mean
               | that they have to keep internal implementation detail for
               | an external project, that does not care to cooperate!
               | 
               | These two symbols were obsolete for almost two decades.
               | Should they keep them just for ZFS? Or should ZFS switch?
               | If it were GPL project, or better, part of the kernel, it
               | would be already fixed and everyone would go on with
               | their lives.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | There were two sets of exports. __kernel_fpu_begin/end
               | and kernel_fpu_begin/end.
               | 
               | The only meaningful difference was that one was marked
               | GPL and the other wasn't.
               | 
               | Removing the one with __ can be justified pretty easily.
               | 
               | Insisting that the ones they kept should still be marked
               | 'GPL' is where it gets ridiculous. Going in and out of
               | FPU mode is not something that makes your code derivative
               | of the kernel code.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | What documentation said they shouldn't use it?
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | > In other words: it's still very much a special case,
               | and if the question was "can I just use FP in the kernel"
               | then the answer is still a resounding NO, since other
               | architectures may not support it AT ALL.
               | 
               | Linus Torvalds, Mon, 10 Mar 2003 20:12:34 GMT
        
               | blibble wrote:
               | it seems quite clear ZFS is not a derived work of the
               | Linux kernel, given it was developed for and extracted
               | from Solaris, and that same code works on FreeBSD and
               | Illumunos
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | Well, obviously, since it is not derived work, how would
               | it know how to interface with internal symbols and use
               | internal defines of the linux kernel?
               | 
               | It would not... unless it becomes derived work.
        
               | blendergeek wrote:
               | Under the GPL, a "combined work" must also be distributed
               | under the GPL. Given that use of certain kernel APIs
               | requires the inclusion of large GPL'd header files, the
               | kernel developers require that any modules that include
               | this GPL'd code be also released under the GPL.
               | 
               | In order to make it more difficult for developers of
               | kernels modules that break the law by running roughshod
               | over the GPL, the kernel developers decided to only make
               | these available to modules that _claim_ to be under the
               | GPL [10]. Please note that module developers can still
               | easily distribute modules that use the  "GPL only" APIs
               | but they have to explicitly state that they are using GPL
               | only code (thereby signalling that any copyright
               | infringement is willful).
               | 
               | Calling this "DRM" seems a little disingenuous to me.
               | Anybody can _legally_ remove these protections from their
               | own kernels without any legal repercussions. Removing DRM
               | protections (in the USA) is a felony that carries up to
               | five years in prison. DRM is intentionally obfuscated and
               | poorly documented. The kernel makes its license clear and
               | obvious.
               | 
               | [0] https://lwn.net/Articles/154602/
        
         | boomboomsubban wrote:
         | >that MS doesn't have that sort of power (compared to say
         | Apple).
         | 
         | They could mark the install executable as malicious in Windows
         | Defender.
        
           | pbhjpbhj wrote:
           | Or the domain as having PUP so people visiting get a warning
           | and hoops to jump through.
        
           | bogwog wrote:
           | Which is similar to what Apple does for MacOS (and Google for
           | Android).
           | 
           | They haven't prevented people from installing untaxed
           | software, but they have made it a scary and difficult process
           | for the average user, and made it very difficult for anyone
           | to sell software without giving Apple/Google a cut.
        
             | cma wrote:
             | And they said desktop signing was only for security, then
             | blocked Epic's desktop apps for an iOS non-security
             | business dispute.
        
         | jonnycomputer wrote:
         | I can install apps on Mac that aren't in the store.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | causi wrote:
       | _While Microsoft offers a method to switch default browsers on
       | Windows 10, it's more cumbersome than the simple one-click
       | process to switch to Edge._
       | 
       | Where the hell are the regulators who handed out billion dollar
       | fines just for bundling Internet Explorer with Windows?
        
         | Mountain_Skies wrote:
         | Where were they when AT&T joined all of the Baby Bells back
         | together? It was ok because the competitive landscape changed
         | during the decades in which AT&T was broken up. Same here.
         | Microsoft has nowhere near the power over general computing
         | that it once had. What they did with IE back in the day was
         | only a problem because of their dominant market position.
         | Others doing the same from a minority market position would
         | have been fine. Now that the majority of devices are running
         | something other than Windows, it's more difficult to claim
         | Microsoft dominates the market unless you define the market
         | very narrowly, in which case, lots of other companies would
         | also be in trouble.
        
           | bogwog wrote:
           | The only thing that changed was that other companies started
           | doing the same evil stuff Microsoft was doing when they got
           | in trouble, except instead of regulators going after those
           | other companies too, they've... idk, disappeared?
           | 
           | So in a weird way, I agree that it's unfair that Microsoft
           | can't do unfair things while all the other companies are
           | doing unfair things. That puts them at a competitive
           | disadvantage!
           | 
           | They've been shy about it because of their history, but I
           | predict Microsoft will eventually lock Windows down in the
           | same way Apple and Google lock down their operating systems.
           | Or, knowing Microsoft, they'll probably take it as far as
           | they possibly can.
        
           | CivBase wrote:
           | > Others doing the same from a minority market position would
           | have been fine.
           | 
           | So where's the interest in slapping billion dollar fines on
           | Google for bundling Chrome and Google Search with Android?
           | They own the majority market share for both mobile operating
           | systems, web browsers, _and_ search engines.
           | 
           | I guess they probably get away with it because they bundle it
           | with Google Play Services instead of Android, but you could
           | make an argument that GPS is fundamentally a part of Android
           | given it is necessary to provide the features generally
           | associated with the OS. It's not rock-solid, but it's at
           | least a better argument than any of the other big-tech
           | monopoly cases the US has been pursuing.
        
           | sealeck wrote:
           | The "majority of devices" if you count IoT, etc. However,
           | Windows has market dominance in desktop computing.
        
           | garaetjjte wrote:
           | In what world Windows is in minority market position? It is
           | _de facto_ desktop OS.
        
         | bserge wrote:
         | Working for Microsoft or retired.
        
         | NelsonMinar wrote:
         | They got discouraged after the Bush years when all their
         | antitrust actions were undermined.
        
         | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
         | You mean the same regulators who stripped the initial remedy of
         | its teeth and essentially slapped MS on the wrist?
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | Those regulators have let Apple enforce Safari for years, I
         | don't think they care about browsers like they used to.
        
           | yborg wrote:
           | Enforce what? My default is set to Firefox on macOS, took one
           | click.
        
             | Sander_Marechal wrote:
             | They enforce Safari on iOS, not on macOS
        
               | SimeVidas wrote:
               | Apple enforces WebKit, not Safari. You can set Firefox as
               | default on iOS. The only problem is that it's WebKit-
               | based.
        
         | arp242 wrote:
         | This kind of stuff has been going on for _years_ as well; it 's
         | not something new. I don't normally use Windows, but a few
         | years ago when I got a new ThinkPad I figured I'd have a
         | looksie around with the pre-installed Windows 10 just to see
         | what it's like out of curiosity since I never used Windows 8 or
         | 10, and it displayed all sorts of stuff trying to force Edge on
         | people, including "ads" that just pop up; see [1].
         | 
         | I'm not sure what I find more objectionable: that they're
         | trying to push Edge so hard, or that they feel this is _so
         | important_ to pop up unprompted notifications for it
         | distracting people from the actual work they 're doing. I've
         | been using Linux or BSD for a very long time for the simple
         | pragmatical reason it just works better for me, and this sort
         | of user-hostile behaviour only strengthened that.
         | 
         | The difference, I suppose, is that IE/Edge doesn't have the
         | position it had in the past with >95% market share. Both macOS
         | and mobile platforms removed a lot of teeth from Microsoft
         | compared to the early/mid-2000s. Still, the actual _behaviour_
         | is worse, even if the effects are less bad.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.arp242.net/browsers-conflict-interest.html
        
       | krzyzanowskim wrote:
       | let's not forget 2001 antitrust law case triggered by Internet
       | Explorer itself.
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Microsoft_Cor....
       | 
       | Everything old is new again.
        
         | NelsonMinar wrote:
         | Unfortunately the US kind of has forgotten. The Bush
         | administration took power and undermined all that anti-trust
         | stuff and it lay forgotten for most of 20 years. The Biden
         | administration is picking up some of it now.
        
         | metalliqaz wrote:
         | except now the US' will to prosecute antitrust is essentially
         | dead
         | 
         | the land of corporate power
        
           | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
           | Honestly its will wasn't even that strong back then, hence
           | the slap on the wrist settlement on appeal.
        
         | dataflow wrote:
         | They probably look at their market share and decide they're not
         | a monopoly anymore.
        
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