[HN Gopher] London's Oyster card: Are its days numbered?
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       London's Oyster card: Are its days numbered?
        
       Author : edward
       Score  : 26 points
       Date   : 2021-09-10 19:37 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.co.uk)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | saos wrote:
       | > Back then, your bus might have been bendy and cost between 70p
       | and PS1 to board.
       | 
       | Oh I remember. Now it's PS1.55 and rising. Public transport in
       | the UK is now becoming luxury
        
         | BoxOfRain wrote:
         | London is pretty amazing for public transport as well by
         | British standards. I took up cycling when the office moved
         | because my new bus route was just under PS6 to go about six
         | miles, which took an hour each way according to the timetable
         | but in reality the first bus would be 30-40 minutes late in the
         | morning if it bothered to turn up at all, and it only came
         | every hour and a half.
        
           | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
           | It's still crazy expensive. An annual ticket for zone 1-5
           | costs 2500 pounds. For that price you get two annual adult
           | tickets for all of public transport in Austria or 80% of a
           | ticket for all of Switzerland.
        
             | zahllos wrote:
             | I agree, having lived in both the UK and Switzerland. If
             | you can justify the cost, the GA in Switzerland is
             | incredible and works for most trains, buses and boats in
             | the country (the exceptions are usually private touristy
             | rail routes that go up mountains). People can and do
             | commute from Geneva to Zurich in a day and have mobile data
             | the whole way.
             | 
             | Outside of London, UK public transport varies greatly in
             | quality and all of it is very expensive and overpriced. UK
             | season tickets for lines outside of London typically
             | involve a fixed route on one operator and usually only
             | support commuting: one there and back journey 5 days per
             | week max. By contrast, the GA in Switzerland really is
             | unlimited. It will work equally well for boats crossing the
             | lake in Geneva as it will for the local trams in Zurich and
             | the train to get you between them, even if you travel on a
             | Sunday. It doesn't matter if you present it to cantonal
             | transport people, or private train operators, it will work,
             | no arguments. Pretty much the only people not part of the
             | GA scheme are tourist train routes up mountains, and to be
             | honest, that's fair enough - staff to the facilities on the
             | top likely get a free ride up anyway and nobody else needs
             | to commute to the top of the Jungfrau.
        
             | vinay427 wrote:
             | I agree; that's insanely expensive especially given the
             | cost of living in other aspects compared to Switzerland.
             | 
             | To add, this GA/AG pass in Switzerland includes essentially
             | all travel except for a few funiculars, gondolas, and other
             | specialized modes for leisure purposes. That means
             | virtually every train in the country with the densest
             | railway network outside of city-states as well as local
             | transit (buses, local trains, ferries, etc.) is included.
             | 
             | Granted, Switzerland isn't a large country, but its public
             | transit coverage is overrepresented, making it seem like a
             | far better deal than this annual London zone pass.
        
         | edwardwatson wrote:
         | Counterintuitively, it's even worse out of London where
         | salaries are lower. In Nottingham, a 15 minute bus ride to work
         | costs me PS3 (so I cycle).
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | The inflation calculator of the BoE says that the average
         | inflation between 2003 and 2020 was 2.9% per year, which means
         | that PS1 in 2003 was PS1.62 in 2020. So the price you mention
         | is not bad.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | I'm surprised fares are even increasing. No taxes to support
         | transit? In LA County only like 5% of revenue came from the
         | farebox so they are making buses and trains free for students
         | and low income people. The rest comes from sales taxes within
         | the county and federal and state funding.
        
           | basisword wrote:
           | You can see how they're funded on their website[0]. I don't
           | think the city has the power to tax locally in the way LA
           | might and funding London public transport out of general tax
           | money would never go down well politically.
           | 
           | [0] https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/investors/funding-sources
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | The county didn't have the power either to do it
             | themselves, it ended up being the voters who approved the
             | additional sales tax (iirc another 1%) at the ballot box.
             | We are probably comparing apples and oranges though, too
             | many differences in government.
        
         | tialaramex wrote:
         | _But_ it 's PS1.55 for up to an hour of new bus journeys in the
         | system. So this means you can reasonably take two (or more)
         | buses if that's a sensible way to make your journey rather than
         | considering that each is priced separately so you should try to
         | choose only the single longest bus journey for your trip.
         | 
         | You can do this with the tube, although it's less often
         | necessary, e.g. suppose you're at Barbican and you live in
         | Amersham. It _might_ happen that your tube from Barbican turns
         | into a Fast to Amersham and that 's actually a reasonable way
         | to get home. But much more likely you should disembark at Baker
         | Street, leave the station, walk a few minutes to Marylebone,
         | tap back in and _board a mainline train_ to Amersham, since
         | that 's actually the same exact system and counts as a single
         | Oyster journey between Barbican and Amersham.
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | One hour or five minutes, it doesn't matter, because either
           | way, for commuters it's 2x1.55gbp, or twice as much as
           | before. If the average paycheck hasn't gone up by that much
           | in this time, it's more expensive for the user.
        
             | martimarkov wrote:
             | Please calculate it with the inflation and revisit your
             | statement.
        
               | als0 wrote:
               | Last time I checked...average salaries have not kept up
               | with inflation. So I think their point is still valid
               | even if you account for inflation.
        
       | tragomaskhalos wrote:
       | My company did some work with TfL when Oystercards were being
       | rolled out. A very clever bloke at work was tasked with working
       | out an algorithm that would retrospectively minimise a
       | passenger's spend based on their journey history - so e.g. If
       | they'd done 9 single journeys in a week it might decide they'd
       | have been better off buying a weekly pass, and adjust their
       | balance accordingly. You have monthly and even annual passes to
       | factor in as well of course.
       | 
       | He spent about 20 minutes one lunchtime trying to explain it to
       | me, but it went straight over my head (I think 'alpha-beta
       | pruning' was in there somewhere), but anyway it was all for
       | naught as - hardly surprisingly - TfL had little appetite for
       | software that would actually reduce their revenue.
        
         | shawabawa3 wrote:
         | It wasn't all for naught. That's how oyster (and now
         | contactless payments) work
        
         | pertymcpert wrote:
         | I don't understand how they could implement the savings /
         | spending caps for contactless cards but couldn't do it at the
         | same time for Oyster cards. It's insanity.
        
         | Foobar8568 wrote:
         | The fun was for calculating the bonus payment on the Denmark
         | transit system, I don't know how many man-years was saved once
         | it was automatized.
        
         | leonk wrote:
         | That's what contactless cards do now, there's a PAYG cap. When
         | you read about it doesn't really sound that complex (not sure
         | if it needed a clever bloke with an algorithm, but then what do
         | I know?)
         | 
         | I guess because they couldn't work out a way for you to
         | purchase a travel card on your contactless card, so this was
         | the only way to allow regular commuters to use their
         | contactless.
         | 
         | Anyway it was the reason I switched over from oyster to
         | contactless. I realised I was getting ripped off as I would
         | always use PAYG and _sometimes_ went over the caps.
        
         | lapetitejort wrote:
         | Last time I used digikey, they would notify me that if I bought
         | a few more widgets I'd be eligible for bulk pricing, which
         | would lower my bill. Sure, they would move more widgets, but
         | would receive less money. I was a little shocked and impressed.
         | I did buy more widgets, and did indeed lower my bill.
        
       | gsnedders wrote:
       | While I think it's clear that some of the currently Oyster-only
       | features could be migrated (e.g., you can have a rail discount
       | card on an Oyster card, but clearly it merely requires a way to
       | link an Oyster card to the "account" of the contactless card),
       | others are more challenging, like free travel passes.
       | 
       | I suppose you could just issue EMV-compatible cards where you
       | grant the holder free travel, though I'd expect this would be
       | more complicated than the status-quo (both in terms of needing to
       | register IDs in lists that aren't particularly long currently,
       | and in terms of needing a much larger standard implemented).
        
         | nhf wrote:
         | This is essentially what the new fare card in Philadelphia is.
         | It's implemented as a prepaid MasterCard that can also hold
         | transit specific passes.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEPTA_Key
        
       | djhworld wrote:
       | I lived in London for about 10 years and used the Oyster almost
       | exclusively (with auto-topup enabled)
       | 
       | The biggest advantage I found was the latency between you tapping
       | the card on the reader and the acknowledgement "beep" to let you
       | through. Always seemed extremely responsive to the point where
       | you get used to the motion of going through the barriers with one
       | fell swoop.
       | 
       | When using anything else (e.g. credit cards/Apple Pay/whatever)
       | the difference always seemed jarring, like maybe an extra
       | 200ms-300ms longer for the thing to light green.
       | 
       | It might have gotten better since I was there though.
        
         | basisword wrote:
         | I use the "Express Travel Card" feature with Apple Pay now and
         | it's as fast as oyster was (in the wallet settings). I walk up
         | to the gate with my phone in hand, locked, hold it over the
         | reader and it's super fast. I remember the slightly delay in
         | the early days (plus verifying your ID with touch/face in
         | advance of the gate) but I think it's a solved issue now.
        
         | david_allison wrote:
         | I can't find a source, but I recall reading that the staff
         | oyster cards were significantly faster than the oyster cards
         | provided to the public (~100ms rings a bell).
         | 
         | I'd love to read it again if anyone has this information
        
           | xxpor wrote:
           | No need to check for topups/updating a db potentially?
        
         | julianlam wrote:
         | Do you know why Oyster cards are so seamless?
         | 
         | Presto in Canada is built on similar technology, but no
         | existing implementations were used because it's more expensive
         | that way (thanks capitalism!)
         | 
         | For us, the tap takes half a second. If a queue forms, you'll
         | be waiting awhile. It takes 2-3s if your card is in a purse,
         | too.
         | 
         | Purse notwithstanding, it probably takes that long because the
         | balance is not stored on the card. A round-trip to an external
         | server is required.
         | 
         | Worse yet, if you try to use a freshly loaded Presto card on a
         | terminal that is not internet-enabled (read: city buses), you
         | cannot, because the offline terminal is only synced once a day.
         | Don't even get me started...
        
           | cbhl wrote:
           | IIRC Japan's FeliCa (Suica, PASMO, etc.) is much faster
           | because it had more stringent timing requirements in the spec
           | because of how many people they needed to be able to walk
           | through a turnstile, which increases the cost of the
           | associated hardware (the readers in the
           | turnstiles/trains/buses, as well as in e.g. iPhone chips).
           | 
           | IIRC Presto _does_ store the value on the card -- when you
           | load value online, every bus /train/turnstile gets a batch
           | data file of cards it needs to update the balance for, and
           | checks every card that passes through it to see if yours is
           | one of them, and then writes the updated balance to the card.
           | But the slower scans are due to the choice of a different
           | standardized transit pass format (one that allows for much
           | slower -- IIRC, hundreds of ms -- reads/writes than the
           | Japanese standard).
        
             | julianlam wrote:
             | Thanks for the explanation! I didn't know Presto stored
             | that kind of data on the card and assumed otherwise given
             | the lag time.
             | 
             | I stand corrected!
        
           | tempest_ wrote:
           | This is incorrect.
           | 
           | The balance is stored on the card, in fact the balance being
           | stored on the card is something that people complain about
           | constantly because there is a 24 hour period where the buses
           | need to return to the depot to update and people hate that.
        
       | milderworkacc wrote:
       | Prepaid single purpose cards like Oyster (and Opal and Myki in
       | Sydney and Melbourne which I'm more familiar with) have a huge
       | advantage in not being linked to your legal name and address in
       | the way your credit card is. Removing that option links every
       | trip on public transport to a legal identity overnight.
       | 
       | We only have these cards due to historical quirk (quick
       | contactless technology existed, but not in credit cards), and if
       | we lose them, it's another thing that we're never getting back.
       | 
       | (I protested the removal of paper tickets from Sydney's trains
       | and busses, for what it's worth...)
        
         | spoonjim wrote:
         | With credit card payment, facial recognition, cell phone GPS
         | tracking, etc. I think they can connect you to the trip even if
         | you used Oyster. And if they're taking photographs of the
         | currency that ATM machines are spitting out (easily possible)
         | there's nothing to suggest that they can't track cash
         | transactions as well.
        
           | bserge wrote:
           | With enough effort, anything is possible. When it comes to
           | hiding from authorities (or anyone, really), it's only a
           | matter of putting up more roadblocks than they're willing to
           | overcome.
           | 
           | They're human, too. Often dumb, most often uninterested and
           | lazy. And everyone gives up at some point.
        
           | milderworkacc wrote:
           | My thinking has always been that yes, targeted surveillance
           | of a target in public is easy, but is it "every trip in a
           | searchable database" easy? Facial recognition is the one here
           | that actually does make it that easy, hence my strong
           | opposition to it!
        
         | bserge wrote:
         | Will my old identity building knowhow be useful in this brave
         | new world? Only one way to find out!
        
         | usrnm wrote:
         | If you paid for it with your credit card, then it certainly is
         | linked to your name. And not a lot of people use cash these
         | days
        
           | ace2358 wrote:
           | The purchase of credit can be linked for sure. But at least
           | my trips can't be tracked. I can say, use anyone's travel
           | card. Anyone can top up my card. I can top up with cash.
           | Whatever. Each individual trip can't be tied to a person.
           | 
           | We don't want to lose this privacy because as mentioned.
           | We'll never get it back.
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | It's still nice for people who may not have (local) bank
           | accounts, namely poor people and tourists.
           | 
           | IIRC you can't have a WeChat pay account without a Chinese
           | bank account.
        
       | defaulty wrote:
       | > This has led to a growing colony of Oyster cards that haven't
       | been used for at least a year - about 82m of them - and
       | passengers' cash in the coffers of Transport for London (TfL)
       | totalling more than PS550m.
       | 
       | I would assume that TfL is investing that static PS550m. Even at
       | a 1% gain annually, that's a nice chunk of profit from sitting on
       | Oyster cash
        
         | zzandd wrote:
         | The pandemic could explain this, a lot of people are now
         | reluctant to use public transport at all.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | madeofpalk wrote:
         | I guess that's never money that they need to pay out to anyone,
         | so there's no difference if someone "uses" the money on the
         | Oyster or not
        
           | csnover wrote:
           | I don't know how many people know this, but the balances on
           | Oyster cards are refundable[0], so it is possible that they
           | would indeed need to pay it out.
           | 
           | [0] https://tfl.gov.uk/fares/refunds-and-replacements/oyster-
           | pay...
        
       | t0mas88 wrote:
       | Despite the local critisicms, the tech implementation at TFL is
       | really good. Oystercard was early, it's the same tech as all of
       | public transport in the Netherlands (which started later but
       | covers the whole country), but TFL quickly implemented support
       | for all contactless bank cards while the Netherlands still in
       | 2021 doesn't have that.
       | 
       | When I was living in the UK I only had an oystercard to lend it
       | to friends and family visiting. Used Apple pay or my creditcard
       | for all of my own travel.
        
         | Foobar8568 wrote:
         | NL tech was outdated before it was even released.
        
           | Tijdreiziger wrote:
           | Can you expand on this?
           | 
           | I'm far from an expert, but the OV-chipkaart was implemented
           | 15 years ago. At the time 3G connectivity on buses and trams
           | couldn't always be guaranteed, and the tech in the readers
           | was also limited. To me it seems that executing all
           | transactions on the card itself and balancing the books later
           | makes sense given these limitations.
           | 
           | (That's not to say I don't have any criticisms on the system
           | - I think the entire 'omchecken' procedure when switching
           | between train companies could have been avoided and doesn't
           | benefit passengers at all, and the system also doesn't allow
           | for a fare cap at the day/week/month ticket level like
           | Oyster.)
        
             | vanviegen wrote:
             | I think GP is referring to the fact that the system used
             | (uses?) NFC chips with very weak encryption, even for the
             | time. https://www.cs.vu.nl/~ast/ov-chip-card/
        
               | Tijdreiziger wrote:
               | That was certainly a mistake, but those were replaced by
               | cards with more secure chips in 2011 [1] - I think it's
               | hardly fair to write off the entire system as 'outdated
               | at launch' because of one (admittedly high-profile)
               | security flaw.
               | 
               | [1] https://tweakers.net/nieuws/77247/uitrol-veiligere-
               | ov-chipka...
        
         | starky wrote:
         | I disagree, here in Vancouver our system is also from Cubic and
         | it is terrible. Our transit corporation, Translink, had to
         | switch all the buses to a single zone fare because they
         | couldn't get the system to work over the cellular network. Not
         | to mention that the cost to run the system every year is more
         | than the total fare evasion on the entire system before it was
         | implemented. So revenue is lower on that part of the system and
         | they aren't saving any money. At rapid transit stations, the
         | fare gates are not reliable and extremely slow.
         | 
         | It is shocking how much better the much older MTR system is in
         | Hong Kong in comparison.
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | They'll have to have something for kids and anyone who can't/wont
       | get a card (tourists from non rfid countries, people with
       | horrendous credit or fraud in their history, weird religious
       | sorts etc).
        
       | bserge wrote:
       | I lived in Birmingham for a few years and loved the ticket apps.
       | 
       | Just buy a few tickets (so you can replicate the font),
       | screenshot the whole thing and edit them with a new date and
       | maybe a different number and you can travel for free, controller
       | approved!
       | 
       | At least I never got a QR code scanned, they just looked at the
       | screen and moved on. Love you all!
        
         | Veen wrote:
         | My local bus ticket app has a rolling ball and other animations
         | to prevent that sort of ticket forgery.
        
       | mytailorisrich wrote:
       | With ubiquitous contactless payments there is no longer really a
       | use for Oyster cards for pay-as-you-go journeys.
       | 
       | I think it's really only useful for season tickets now, which is
       | probably significant so I don't think they'll disappear any time
       | soon.
        
         | basisword wrote:
         | There's one really good use - student discounts.
         | 
         | It's been a few years so my figures are likely a bit off but
         | you can get a student Oyster card (which gets you something
         | like 30% off all journeys) and then you can link it with your
         | 18-25 rail card and get a further 30% off the tube during off
         | peak times. It all adds up to a huge saving.
        
         | andylynch wrote:
         | Student discounts is a big one, school kids pensioners and
         | veterans can travel free.
         | 
         | Tourism is another; foreign cards can often work but it depends
         | on the issuing bank and is subject to their sometimes
         | extortionate foreign transaction fees.
        
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       (page generated 2021-09-10 23:01 UTC)