[HN Gopher] Toyota to spend 1.5T yen on EV battery development
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       Toyota to spend 1.5T yen on EV battery development
        
       Author : mikhael
       Score  : 113 points
       Date   : 2021-09-08 16:51 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.asahi.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.asahi.com)
        
       | wazoox wrote:
       | It's about time. At the current Munich Auto Show, I don't think
       | there's even one single old-style oil burning car presented. In
       | Europe (and China), it's complete game over starting now.
        
       | kipchak wrote:
       | I wonder if there's a bit of a late mover advantage here. If
       | Company A spends $10B on from 2010 to 2020, and $10B from 2020 to
       | 2030 and Company B spends 0B from 2010 to 2020 and 20B from 2020
       | to 2030, how much can company B copy company A's homework?
       | 
       | One potential advantage Toyota might have is their use of modular
       | platforms - TNGA-K is used for a sedan, minivan, suv and luxury
       | car, e-TNGA will likely be a similar story.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | > how much can company B copy company A's homework?
         | 
         | Patent lifespan is 14-20 years, depending on the type of
         | patent, and which country issued it (there are probably
         | outliers that have longer/shorter time-spans, though most
         | countries now are unified). The question is there anything
         | useful in patents that are expire, but if so there is copying
         | about it.
         | 
         | Most car companies have weird cross licensing agreements (weird
         | in part because there are anti-monopoly laws in place to work
         | around) so to some extent they can.
        
       | slownews45 wrote:
       | This is a maybe 1.4B per year thing. That's... not huge.
       | 
       | What _IS_ incredible is that Toyota HAD the absolute lead in EV.
       | Their hybrid power trains had everything needed, they literally
       | had power mgmt, battery, electric motors etc.
       | 
       | Then they went absolutely crazy over hydrogen - which I always
       | hated. The cycle is terrible currently (from production to power
       | on road).
       | 
       | The mind boggles a bit to imagine what might have been for them
       | if they had just moved forward on hybrid, plug in hybrid, full EV
       | path. They could have blended that mix more and more until full
       | EV. They had most of the pieces it seems including production
       | capacity.
        
         | philistine wrote:
         | One tiny detail about Toyota. They didn't chronologically move
         | to hydrogen after their initial forays into electric. They
         | always explored both, with most of their efforts on hydrogen.
         | 
         | So imagine if instead of concurrently trying to make hydrogen
         | happen while their side-gig of hybrids managed to completely
         | corner the market, they went all in on electric. It would be a
         | very different car market.
        
         | pryelluw wrote:
         | A lot of their current models are available as hybrids with
         | great efficiency. I drove a new venza hybrid last week and it
         | got low 40s mpg!
         | 
         | They aren't as behind as you'd think given that a hybrid still
         | makes more sense than an ev to a lot of people. A reliable
         | hybrid that just works is what people need. More so with their
         | adaptive cruise control.
         | 
         | Could they have done better? Sure. It's hard to say different
         | given their size and culture.
         | 
         | Also, GM had the EV1 years before ...
        
           | rasz wrote:
           | 40 mpg is what you got 15 years ago in Ford Focus 2 Wagon 1.4
           | tcdi.
        
             | wffurr wrote:
             | Venza is a much larger vehicle.
        
               | rasz wrote:
               | 2007 Ford Focus Wagon/Cargo volume 35.6 ft3, 73.7 ft3
               | with seat area
               | 
               | 2021 Toyota Venza/Cargo volume 28.8 ft3, 55.1 ft3 with
               | seat area
        
         | bdcravens wrote:
         | They also produced 2 generations of RAV4 EV's, the second of
         | which they partnered with Tesla on.
        
           | rconti wrote:
           | Which is insane, if you think about it. Toyota never should
           | have needed the 'help' given their hybrid electric expertise.
        
         | marcod wrote:
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/25/climate/toyota-electric-h...
        
         | AUSNA-ZI wrote:
         | > Then they went absolutely crazy over hydrogen - which I
         | always hated
         | 
         | I always loved hydrogen, especially if someone comes up with a
         | better way to generate it. The refueling issue and the chemical
         | disaster with batteries would be solved.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | It seems more likely that in the time we could get a viable
           | hydrogen infrastructure in place (I imagine decades) that
           | both the refueling and 'chemical disaster' aspect of
           | batteries will have been solved. We're getting fairly close
           | on both counts, I believe.
        
         | trhway wrote:
         | >The mind boggles a bit to imagine what might have been for
         | them if they had just moved forward on hybrid, plug in hybrid,
         | full EV path. They could have blended that mix more and more
         | until full EV.
         | 
         | i think there is a speadsheet somewhere inside Toyota where
         | your "nightmarish" - because it cannibalizes significant share
         | of the current revenue from hybrids - scenario is precisely
         | described. The fear of cannibalization of current cash cow (and
         | related internal uphill battle with the top management milking
         | the cow) is frequently the reason behind seemingly obvious
         | blunders by BigCo-s.
        
         | fnord77 wrote:
         | Japanese govt pushed hydrogen as one "fuel" to rule them all,
         | including household heating and cookin
        
           | varjag wrote:
           | How did Nissan dodge it then?
        
             | rad_gruchalski wrote:
             | Maybe the fact that Nissan is owned by Renault has
             | something to do with it.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | Nissan wasn't "winning" like Toyota was.
             | 
             | While Toyota was raking in wheelbarrows of easy cash from
             | moneyed buyers Nissan was selling Altimas for bottom dollar
             | to people who were rolling in negative equity from a Dodge
             | Journey.
             | 
             | This is standard BigCo stuff. You get a lead and you lose
             | that lead because you don't jump hard enough onto the next
             | big thing because you don't want to divert resources over
             | the thing you're currently winning with. IBM, Boeing, Ford,
             | Microsoft, they've all been down this road.
             | 
             | Nissan never had that lead so they had nothing to stop them
             | from going into EVs deep enough to grab a good share of the
             | market.
        
               | api wrote:
               | Nissan beat Tesla by years with the first mass market EV
               | with the Leaf. In some ways the 2022 Leaf is still a much
               | better value than the Tesla model 3 if you don't need
               | frequent fast charging. The price is a lot lower and the
               | reliability and build quality are excellent.
               | 
               | The Leaf can fast charge and this is now included in all
               | models, but it can only suck down 50KW vs Tesla now being
               | able to draw 100+KW. It also uses ChaDEMO which is a
               | fading standard, though still very common where I live.
               | Apparently there are some converters in the works to let
               | the Leaf charge off CCS and perhaps even the Tesla
               | network in the future, but they'll probably cost hundreds
               | of dollars since apparently a DC fast charge mega-dongle
               | is not trivial.
               | 
               | In other news: there is now a market for dongles for
               | cars. I have seen the future and it has a dongle.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | I agree. We have a Bolt, and until recently a Tesla. If I
               | were buying again right now, I'd get a Bolt (if there
               | wasn't a stop-sale, at least). When we got ours, the
               | brand-new price was $24K. For 258 miles of range, and
               | basic 50kW fast charging, that's a ridiculous deal. For a
               | Model 3, I'd be into it damn near twice that.
        
               | cartoonworld wrote:
               | I think people don't really like plug-ins unless its
               | Tesla and has a fast charge. That is all I can think of.
               | Tesla ride quality is also pretty good if everything is
               | going right, can't comment on a bolt or leaf.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | In Europe they've standardized the chargers.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | Yeah what I mean it's not the government to blame for
               | Toyota ineptitude.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | Or you could argue the government assigned Toyota for
               | Plan A with Hydrogen/FCEV path and Nissan was assigned to
               | the backup Nuclear/BEV route.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | Honestly, with Toyota clout the opposite could likely
               | happen: it assigned the government of Japan to promote
               | Hydrogen.
        
           | reducesuffering wrote:
           | I believe this is it too. Honda also has the equivalent
           | hydrogen powered car and lack of EV's. Occam's razor says
           | they didn't both come to that unideal scenario by chance.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > Their hybrid power trains had everything needed, they
         | literally had power mgmt, battery, electric motors etc.
         | 
         | They don't have what they would need in the battery dept - and
         | the battery is the most important part of an EV. The Prius has
         | a NiMH battery, which has lower energy density than Li-ion and
         | other newer chemistries.
         | 
         | The (non-plugin) Prius can get by with the NiMH battery because
         | the battery is only used for regen braking energy capture and
         | acceleration at low speeds, not for high amounts of energy
         | storage or power output. For those it uses gasoline and the ICE
         | engine.
        
           | JonathonW wrote:
           | The Prius _had_ a NiMH battery. Current production Priuses
           | (Prii?) almost all* use lithium-ion batteries, from the 2016
           | model year (fourth-generation /XW50) on.
           | 
           | * A subset of fourth-gen Priuses, those equipped with all-
           | wheel drive, went back to NiMH for better cold-weather
           | performance.
        
           | oflannabhra wrote:
           | Yep. Interesting that a 3rd party has developed and released
           | a LiFePO4 battery pack for the Prius [0]. It is cheaper than
           | the OEM NiMH pack. I'm on some Prius forums and it has been
           | interesting to see the amount of detail owners get into, from
           | replacing cells in their OEM packs, to upgrades, to eeking
           | out every bit of performance. Toyota had a huge advantage
           | with their brand and some fanatical customers that they
           | totally blew by not going full EV.
           | 
           | [0] - https://projectlithium.com/products/prius-lithium-
           | replacemen...
        
         | danw1979 wrote:
         | The toyota I desperately want them to sell is a plug in prius -
         | pre-2018's fugly makeover - with a decent LIon pack, let's say
         | 30kWh, with the more recent PiP's max EV speed of 80mph.
         | 
         | The hydrogen distraction is baffling.
        
           | blacksmith_tb wrote:
           | Hmm, perfect is the enemy of the good and all? I have that...
           | er, 'made-over' Prius, the Prime PHEV, and while its puny
           | 8.8kWh LiIon battery could certainly be bigger, it's enough
           | that 75% of all my driving is electric-only.
        
         | gordon_freeman wrote:
         | I own a Corolla Hybrid which gives 57 MPG combined and am
         | pretty happy with it considering I got it under $25K. Now
         | Toyota knew that their Hybrid electric systems are working
         | great as they are a leader in it and selling millions of such
         | vehicles over the years and still they have not trusted the
         | electric batteries enough and went on Hydrogen fuel cell side.
         | Very perplexing to me!
        
           | addicted wrote:
           | My, possibly mistaken, understanding has been that the deep
           | dive into hydrogen was a broader National level push in
           | Japan.
           | 
           | If I'm not mistaken, the idea I believe was that if they
           | settled on and developed hydrogen infrastructure, that would
           | power not just cars, but also heavy machinery, etc that other
           | parts of the Honda/Toyota/Mitsubishi/etc conglomerates could
           | use.
        
             | slownews45 wrote:
             | This might be it, but it bled over into their internal
             | efforts and they got too focused on the political side and
             | less on what would work for customers.
             | 
             | Politicians like hydrogen because if you ignore all the
             | crap to get their (drilling for fossil fuels, separation,
             | energy use in compression, transport, capital costs of
             | building networks etc) you get that picture of water out of
             | a tailpipe. The physics of it remain very poor.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | There's a gas field in disputed area in East China Sea,
               | which some says could produce hydrogen at scale, and
               | energy self sufficiency had been an ambition of the
               | country for ... some time. There's no equivalent oil
               | field or Uranium deposit.
        
               | slownews45 wrote:
               | Most of the clean hydrogen production schemes I've seen
               | are pipe dreams or scams, but happy to be shown something
               | here.
               | 
               | As a point of ref we have relatively clean electricity
               | generation _already_ (hydro, solar, wind, nuclear)
               | depending on what you count.
               | 
               | Any indication how close to production this east china
               | sea resource is? How willing China is to let Japan
               | develop it or is it already well developed? Again - these
               | are often pipe dream type ideas.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | It's not happening, and there's zero reason China is
               | willing to give in, but sort of remains as an ambition.
               | Yeah pipe dream is probably spot on.
               | 
               | I think it has more to do with external
               | independence/isolationism, than about environments theme,
               | carrying over from the century before. I don't understand
               | why the government just go double down on nuclear fuel
               | cycle concept but maybe there are too much political
               | complications in it.
        
           | pryelluw wrote:
           | My next car is a hybrid Corolla (current is a regular one). I
           | live the damn things. Hopefully the hybrid is offered as a
           | hatchback as well.
        
           | slownews45 wrote:
           | Exactly this.
           | 
           | The prius was AMAZING.
           | 
           | Their other hybrids also great. They had aero down, ev
           | engines down, power management down.
           | 
           | It's so weird to see them fight EV's so hard for so long.
        
             | varjag wrote:
             | It's a safe bet some top brass in the company was playing a
             | visionary with hydrogen.
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | It was apparently a push by the Japanese government.
        
         | AtlasBarfed wrote:
         | Totally agree
         | 
         | The ideal model, if I had some power/leadership 10 years ago
         | with some foresight would have been:
         | 
         | - add a plug to the Prius for all-electric mode, get the
         | technology to as many carmakers as possible with whatever
         | negotiated means possible.
         | 
         | - push them to increase the all-electric mode to 50 miles
         | 
         | - once tech was doable, impose incentives/requirements/taxation
         | that required all new cars be PHEV. Especially for trucks/SUVs.
         | 
         | - incentivize home charging and start incentivizing gas
         | stations to have plugs as well as a requirement to staying in
         | business
         | 
         | Given the current supply of cobalt, nickel, lithium, etc, the
         | most effective way to electrify consumer transportation is the
         | 50 mile PHEV. It would have electrified 95% of daily trips for
         | those vehicles, and eliminates range anxiety for the longer
         | trips until the infrastructure is done.
         | 
         | With that and Toyota's lead, the plug in hybrid would have
         | provided practical market "EV" leadership probably through
         | 2030. It is mystifying to me why they dragged their feet to add
         | a simple plug to the system. A massive management failure that
         | ceded not only pseudo-EV leadership, but leadership in the
         | hybrid market.
         | 
         | Toyota may be able to coattail the nascent OEM market for EV
         | components and leverage their status as current #1 to keep
         | afloat, but so many companies are far ahead in the vertical
         | integration for the EV. An OEM component EV will be inferior to
         | vertically integrated manufacturers (Tesla currently, VW and
         | probably GM soon).
         | 
         | I'd guess that the OEM model of ICE drivetrains is basically an
         | extreme optimization of a long-running design. Early ICE
         | companies were probably vertically integrated intheir
         | parts/components manufacturing until specific market
         | competition for components between dedicated OEM manufacturers
         | could eventually beat the in-house teams.
         | 
         | But EVs are a MASSIVE revolution in terms of the core
         | components, and designs are innovating/evolving so rapidly that
         | you can't tie yourself to components. Look at Tesla, they are
         | building their own motors, batteries/chemistries, and even
         | minerals extraction pipelines per battery investor day.
         | 
         | OEM ecosystems only exist once a sufficient number of cars are
         | using a component. So an automotive OEM EV motor won't be
         | competitive with Tesla until several generations of EVs go
         | through the market, and a generation for a car is at least 5
         | years traditionally?
         | 
         | Almost all the car companies annoucing EV programs/funding
         | aside from VW and maybe GM are just doing the OEM model: we'll
         | get some OEM motors and OEM batteries, slap them onto a
         | traditional OEM ICE platform. And boom, the CEO gets to tell
         | major activist shareholders that he isn't being left behind:
         | please don't fire me like you canned the BMW CEO.
         | 
         | Toyota is likely still stuck in OEM mode. They can't maintain
         | leadership with that mentality, the vertical integration model
         | will win for the next two decades at least, even if solid state
         | closes some of the tech gap with Tesla for the main auto people
         | (which is what they are basically all gambling on)
        
           | minhazm wrote:
           | I agree with the 50 mile PHEV. Before my fully electric car I
           | had a Chevrolet Volt (not the crappy Bolt). It had a ~50 mile
           | electric range (40-60 depending on weather), and then it just
           | turned into a normal hybrid. It was a great car and I almost
           | never had to use the gas on the car. I had to do a few longer
           | distance drives a year and the > 300 mile gas range covered
           | that easily. It's unfortunate that Chevy killed off the Volt.
           | It was a great car and was an excellent transition car for
           | people to go electric but without the range anxiety issues.
           | It got me used to having to charge my car, but without the
           | risk of getting stranded if I wasn't able to for some reason.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > the crappy Bolt
             | 
             | Bolts are crappy? My wife drives one, and given the cost, I
             | like it more than my Tesla. Before covid pricing, you could
             | pick one up brand new for mid-20s. And they will get back
             | to that level after the bubble pops, because GM is keeping
             | the mediocre range and "fast" charging speeds. For someone
             | who just wants a runabout that can handle pretty much _any_
             | daily driver scenario, the ROI is unbeatable. That it makes
             | me smile to drive it is a plus.
        
             | Johnny555 wrote:
             | _Before my fully electric car I had a Chevrolet Volt (not
             | the crappy Bolt)_
             | 
             | Aside from the battery recall, what's crappy about the
             | Bolt? $36,000 for 250 miles of range and the reviews seem
             | pretty good. That said, I was disappointed that they
             | canceled the Volt.
        
             | freeopinion wrote:
             | It turns out that a car that is good for consumers is
             | almost never good for GM. Who could blame GM for scrapping
             | a $20K car with $4K margin or a $40K car with $5k margin
             | when they can use their resources to build a $30K car with
             | $12K margin or a $65K truck with $30K margin?
             | 
             | Innovation is cute and everything. But profit is king.
        
               | to11mtm wrote:
               | One thing everyone forgets about the Volt and the timing
               | of it's demise; the end of production coincided with the
               | phasing out of a lot of the tax credits/incentives
               | provided by the govt. For most of it's life it was a 40k
               | vehicle you could get for closer to 33k.
               | 
               | GM likely saw the writing on the wall, people probably
               | weren't willing to pay the full MSRP. Especially when
               | Kia/Hyundai is managing to provide plug-in hybrids for
               | 30k. (As far as quality/fit, I sat in an early Niro
               | Plugin and the interior was something in between the Bolt
               | and a Sonata... but some people care more about price
               | nowadays.)
        
           | N1H1L wrote:
           | Upvoted you. Don't know why you have been downvoted, as I
           | agree with your comment 100%
        
       | krosaen wrote:
       | Anyone wishing to steel-man Toyota's strategy should read their
       | chief scientist's (and former head of DARPA) Gill Pratt's posts:
       | 
       | https://medium.com/toyotaresearch/carbon-is-our-enemy-lets-u...
       | 
       | https://medium.com/toyotaresearch/more-straight-talk-about-t...
       | 
       | > Maximizing the benefit of every battery cell produced requires
       | that we distribute them smartly.
       | 
       | > This means putting them into a greater number of "right sized"
       | electrified vehicles, including HEVs and PHEVs, instead of
       | placing them all into a fewer number of long-range BEVs, like my
       | model X. This is particularly important because presently it is
       | difficult to recycle the kinds of batteries used in BEVs. If we
       | are to achieve carbon neutrality, we must pay attention to all
       | parts of the "3R" process -- Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.
       | 
       | > For example, we hardly ever put gas into our RAV4 Prime PHEV,
       | which has a battery  1/6  as large as our Model X BEV. For the
       | same investment in batteries as our single Model X, five other
       | RAV4 Prime customers could reduce their carbon footprint too.
        
         | LeegleechN wrote:
         | Thanks for the links. This is a really well written case which
         | relies on an easily swallowed fallacy. The argument is that the
         | main limiter to improvement of batteries is research which
         | needs time, so we shouldn't quickly scale up battery production
         | and end up with suboptimal batteries.
         | 
         | Of course the main way to improve batteries at this point is to
         | make them cheaper, which comes directly from production scale
         | (look at what happened with solar panels). And even if that
         | wasn't the case, while we wait for improved tech before we
         | scale up battery production, we're continuing to dig up and
         | burn fossil fuels.
         | 
         | This reminds me of some of the propaganda spread by fossil fuel
         | companies decades ago. They position themselves as being on the
         | side of environment, and yet the conclusion is always to delay,
         | do more research, and continue with the status quo.
        
         | VectorLock wrote:
         | Hmm, what about BEVs make them more difficult to recycle?
         | 
         | Tesla batteries are made out of individual cells - pretty much
         | ripe for the Reuse in the 3R process.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | With the amount of glue holding the cells together, it's only
           | practical to reuse the entire pack (or maybe individual
           | modules).
        
         | reducesuffering wrote:
         | I'm surprised a Toyota chief scientist is admitting to driving
         | a Model X...
        
       | nose wrote:
       | This also indirectly signals an exit from the consumer hydrogen
       | fuel cell cars.
        
       | lamnk wrote:
       | I wonder what make Toyota changes their tone, because Toyota is
       | known to be very reluctant against BEVs as they want to keep
       | their inverstment in hybrids and continue to bet on hydrogen fuel
       | cells.
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | Perhaps it's the US states like CA that have basically shown
         | that they can't support H2 fuel supply lines.
         | 
         | Take a look at the current status of stations in CA [1]. Mostly
         | offline, and who knows for how long. A symptom of the entire
         | fuel-cell economy.
         | 
         | [1] https://m.cafcp.org
        
           | labster wrote:
           | That's worse than the McFlurry machines. There was a big push
           | for hydrogen when Schwarzenegger was governator, but the
           | infrastructure for hydrogen hasn't expanded beyond that. Fuel
           | cell technology for cars, like its emissions, are vaporware.
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | I don't think adding new infrastructure is even necessary
           | anymore. In fact, in many places, we're seeing natural gas
           | lines intentionally not being built for new homes. Why?
           | Electric is enough. Heat pumps for your home, modern electric
           | appliances are arguably better than natural gas, no need to
           | maintain electric lines AND gas lines. Adding hydrogen into
           | the mix means a whole parallel set of infrastructure. Look
           | into what happened in Lawrence Massachusetts (hardly the
           | sticks) when the gas company made a mistake -- the town quite
           | literally burst into flames.
        
         | danny_taco wrote:
         | Because Japan for some reason went all out on hydrogen, so
         | Toyota being Japanese followed suit. What makes me wonder is
         | why didn't they just look outside of Japan to realize this was
         | not a good bet.
        
         | jqpabc123 wrote:
         | Unless they know something that the rest of the world doesn't,
         | hydrogen fuels cells is a bad bet.
         | 
         | There is not enough time/space to explain all the reasons why;
         | it is a very long list of factors working against hydrogen ---
         | and it starts with the fundamental laws of thermodynamics.
        
           | stcredzero wrote:
           | If there's a context where power density is way more
           | important than efficiency, then hydrogen starts looking
           | pretty good. As batteries get better, the number of those
           | shrinks, however.
        
           | ncmncm wrote:
           | Hydrogen -- liquified hydrogen -- makes sense for large
           | aircraft, rockets, and eventually bulk storage, and not much
           | else.
           | 
           | The reason hydrogen makes sense for aircraft is the huge
           | advantage of carrying enormously less weight of fuel up to
           | the stratosphere. Add to that, that it will be produced and
           | stored directly at airports from surplus peak electric power,
           | thus obviating need for a great deal of other storage
           | capacity, and of expense extracting, refining, and
           | transporting petroleum.
           | 
           | Its downside is it needs much more space on board, thus new
           | airframes with aerogel-insulated tankage somewhere other than
           | in skinny wings.
           | 
           | We need a government-led initiative to get major airports
           | outfitted with LH2 production and storage systems, to solve
           | the inherent chicken-and-egg problem and get those new
           | airframes into the pipeline. Any extra storage capacity an
           | airport builds out substitutes for storage elsewhere.
           | Airports could afford to get into the load-balancing business
           | in a big way.
        
             | scythe wrote:
             | You can't simply ignore that liquid hydrogen is stored at
             | 700 bar. That increases the system weight substantially.
             | Direct ammonia fuel cells have competitive system weights
             | even though NH3 is only 17% hydrogen:
             | 
             | https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/review19/arpae11_abbas
             | i...
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | That document refers to compressed, not liquified
               | hydrogen. I don't know of any reason to keep LH2 under
               | extreme pressure, other than to increase its boiling
               | point to a more comfortable temperature, or to stiffen
               | tank walls.
               | 
               | The last would probably be a consideration mainly for
               | rockets.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | I'm not sure I would take this bet as them betting against
         | hydrogen that everyone seems hellbent on making the narrative.
         | I would take it as there is clearly a rise in EV that they can
         | capitalize on. We will have both hydrogen and EV. Different use
         | cases.
        
       | bryanlarsen wrote:
       | According to Ars, they're aiming for 180-200 GWh annual capacity
       | by 2030. By 2030 Tesla is aiming for 3 TWh and VW is aiming for 2
       | TWh. It's only about twice what Tesla consumed last year.
       | 
       | They're still not serious about EV's.
       | 
       | https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/09/toyota-finally-gets-ser...
        
         | martythemaniak wrote:
         | These are the numbers that matter, and they're not good.
         | They're _proudly_ declaring that they will be producing a bit
         | over 2 million EVs per year by 2030. Tesla is currently
         | shipping at a rate of 1m per year.
         | 
         | I'm afraid they're going to use their brand power and customer
         | loyalty to drag everyone else down.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | We are still talking 8 years at this point. Toyota is going
           | to respond to actual sales not just what they think sales are
           | going to be. Assuming they produce a desirable EV they could
           | still ramp up production well past that by 2030.
           | 
           | It's one thing not to be the company on a new technology,
           | it's another not to ramp up production when your selling out
           | month after month.
        
             | deelowe wrote:
             | > Assuming they produce a desirable EV
             | 
             | If they aren't serious about EVs, why would they do this? I
             | honestly don't understand Toyota and Honda here. Something
             | is causing them to fight EVs and push for Hydrogen.
             | Patents? Geopolitics? Existing supply chain and
             | manufacturing processes?
        
               | 3pt14159 wrote:
               | I love the Japanese, but there is a culture of deference
               | that cuts both ways. In the right circumstances you get
               | consistent high quality from a master that knows what
               | he's doing and eager proteges trying their best to head
               | their every word. In the wrong circumstances it leads to
               | Fukushima.
               | 
               | Say what you will about Americans, this is not their way.
               | Musk was wrong about the vertical doors and over
               | automation and his team kept screaming at him until he
               | didn't just relent he frequently brings it up in
               | interviews as an area where he messed up.
               | 
               | The flip side is that for years Japanese automotive
               | manufacturers prized engineering graduates as managers
               | and beat the pants off of over financialized leadership
               | at GM and Ford.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | You can't ramp up production if you don't have the
             | batteries to do so.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | It doesn't take 8 years to build a battery factory.
               | Kicking things off with new models that need extra
               | battery capacity and a factory to manufacture them is a
               | larger hurdle than scaling things after everything is in
               | production.
        
               | devnulll wrote:
               | > larger hurdle than scaling things after everything is
               | in production
               | 
               | The relevant data points we have on this are from Tesla.
               | Elon has been beating the "scaling production is the
               | hardest thing" drum. His callouts around the cost of
               | design vs manufacturing are quite interesting.
               | 
               | Now Toyota has been in the at-scale manufacturing game a
               | long time, so perhaps they're just better at this. Either
               | way battery capacity will hold them back for a decade.
               | 
               | The investments we're seeing in batteries (LG, Philips,
               | Tesla, VW) are 10x+ what Toyota is doing. I don't see how
               | this results in Toyota able to ship cars in volume as the
               | transition to electric accelerates.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | I don't mean that one or the other is harder, just that
               | doing both takes longer. If Toyota has a battery pack
               | design and factory layout their happy with then they can
               | "just" copy it which saves time over designing the
               | equipment then factory and then building it.
               | 
               | As to your 10+x comment that's very true today, but
               | Toyota isn't selling any EV's. It's perfectly reasonable
               | for them to have a conservative adoption curve right now
               | rather than assuming their going to sell 10m EV's in 8
               | years and then potentially massively over build capacity.
               | This is especially true if their aiming for true
               | mainstream cars without significant markup to justify
               | more risky investments.
        
         | meragrin_ wrote:
         | > It's only about twice what Tesla consumed last year.
         | 
         | I don't think it is a fair comparison. How many of those
         | batteries made it into their vehicles vs their other products?
        
           | adventured wrote:
           | What's relevant is the scale of production, that's what it
           | helps shed light on. Toyota is a behemoth in terms of
           | industrial size and output, and extraordinarily profitable
           | for an automaker (meaning they have ridiculous financial
           | resources to push toward battery production). And over there
           | is little 'ol Tesla's rapidly expanding battery output; a
           | company that as recently as 2017 had 5% the sales of Toyota.
           | It reveals that Toyota clearly still isn't serious about EVs,
           | or they'd be a lot more serious about battery production.
        
             | meragrin_ wrote:
             | What is Toyota producing batteries for? Vehicles. What is
             | Tesla producing batteries for? Vehicles, charging network,
             | home storage, business storage, small grid storage, large
             | scale grid storage, and probably other things. Tesla is
             | shooting to become an energy company that maybe still makes
             | cars while Toyota is an automotive manufacturer with no
             | known intentions of getting into energy. Comparing the two
             | based on batteries produced is like comparing a banana to
             | an iPhone.
        
         | beambot wrote:
         | From March 17th, 2021: "Toyota lobbies US government in its
         | increasingly delusional effort to slow down electric vehicles"
         | 
         | https://electrek.co/2021/03/17/toyota-lobbies-us-government-...
         | 
         | Seems like they're late to the party & know it.
        
           | cronix wrote:
           | It kind of reminds me of Intel's dismissive attitude
           | throughout the tail end of the '90's and early 2000's about
           | ARM and mobile processing. They completely misjudged it, got
           | dethroned as the best chip manufacturer as a result and are
           | still playing catch-up while paying out the nose trying to do
           | so.
        
       | jseliger wrote:
       | Better late than never, it would seem: Toyota pioneering hybrid
       | systems and then ignoring electrification seems strange. Even the
       | "Prius Prime" today only has what appears to be an 8.8 kWh
       | battery in it, for about $30K (Toyota says it gets about 25
       | electric miles), and the regular Prius only has a .8 kWh battery.
       | The first-generation Chevy Volt had a 16 kWh battery back in 2011
       | --ten years ago!--and the second generation 18.4 kWh. Battery
       | costs have fallen by 90% or more over the last ten years. Where's
       | the higher range and/or lower cost Prius? The $30K Prius Prime is
       | in the same price range as a new Chevy Bolt, which gets 259 miles
       | of range.
        
         | jazzyjackson wrote:
         | I drive a prius prime: problem is where to put the battery. The
         | 8.8kwH takes up considerable space in the rear cargo area (no
         | room for a spare tire, you are left with a fix a flat kit)
         | 
         | Throwing out the gasoline motor in a full redesign will be
         | great to see (ev mode almost feels sporty already), but in the
         | meantime I'm enjoying my 550mi range on a 10 gallon tank +
         | never using gas on days I don't leave town.
        
           | rconti wrote:
           | To be fair, I have 3 cars, none of which have spare tires.
           | Teslas don't have spares, either.
        
             | pradn wrote:
             | For most people, calling AAA is probably the way they're
             | gonna go, instead of changing their own tire.
        
               | foobiekr wrote:
               | I am fascinated by this world we've created where
               | something as basic as carrying a spare is now considered
               | unusual.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Tires don't fail often anymore. A blow out was a regular
               | thing that happened to everyone once in a while, in that
               | world everyone had a spare and knew how to change it.
               | Today tires are a lot better (and last a lot longer),
               | most tires make it to end of life with no problems. It
               | thus doesn't make sense to dedicate volume and weight
               | (read fuel mileage) to a spare tire that won't even be
               | used. As such it doesn't make sense to have a spare or
               | know how to change it, just let someone else do it.
        
           | reportingsjr wrote:
           | I was curious about how much more Toyota could fit in that
           | same volume if using state of the art batteries.
           | 
           | The 2021 Tesla Model 3 LR has a pack volumetric energy
           | density of roughly 240Wh/l.
           | 
           | The 2017 Prius Prime has a pack volumetric energy density of
           | roughly 150Wh/l.
           | 
           | So ignoring Toyota's poor battery placement, you could fit
           | ~14kWh in that same space in the Prime using a better pack
           | design with more modern batteries.
           | 
           | If Toyota pulled their heads out of their asses and actually
           | designed a car to be an EV, they could match Tesla's battery
           | pack sizes and still have reasonable trunk space.
           | 
           | I say this as someone who owns two Priuses and do not
           | understand why they didn't capitalize on their advantage to
           | design a decent EV years ago.
           | 
           | The number of Priuses sold per year in the US tells a story
           | of Toyota absolutely failing to capitalize on new technology
           | when they had the lead: https://motorandwheels.com/10-toyota-
           | prius-statistics-facts/
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | nomoreplease wrote:
       | Are other auto companies pursuing in-home batteries like Tesla?
       | I'm hoping for more competition in the Powerwall space
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | Generac and Enphase are in that space, I'm pretty sure there
         | are more too
        
       | kyahuabhai1 wrote:
       | This is a very interesting change of direction. Considering they
       | and through their lobbying Japanese Govt. were pushing for
       | Hydrogen cars.
        
         | jqpabc123 wrote:
         | Really disappointing to see them go down the hydrogen rabbit
         | hole. I was a Toyota fan but this shook my confidence in the
         | company. They had the lead and squandered it. They are really
         | behind the curve now.
        
         | smallerfish wrote:
         | Maybe it's a "bet on both horses" strategy. Hydrogen cells have
         | some advantages over battery cells (e.g. energy density,
         | refueling time) but if there's no infrastructure they won't
         | sell any significant amount of cars on that platform.
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | Agreed - everyone is trying to frame this as a they are no
           | longer betting on Hydrogen. They are betting on both horses -
           | and moving away from O&G. Smart move since they work across
           | different industries/use-cases and different countries
           | (policy drivers).
        
           | aduitsis wrote:
           | I live in an urban area in a EU country. Some thoughts:
           | 
           | * There is a huge subset of motorized vehicles that are
           | spending a considerable percentage of their daily time on the
           | road. Thinking about taxis, buses, trucks, etc.
           | 
           | * A large percentage of private cars are parked on the
           | streets.
           | 
           | Those two observations alone make the case for electric
           | vehicles slightly problematic.
           | 
           | Of course, a private individual with a garage can get an
           | electric vehicle and use it almost like an ICE one, with a
           | large environmental but also budgetary gain.
           | 
           | But for these other classes of vehicles, hydrogen could
           | provide a better alternative.
           | 
           | Apologies if I'm missing something, but I cannot think what
           | other zero emission technology could give the solution at
           | this point, for these types of vehicle usage.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > There is a huge subset of motorized vehicles that are
             | spending a considerable percentage of their daily time on
             | the road. Thinking about taxis, buses, trucks, etc.
             | 
             | Model 3 currently has a range up to 353 miles. At 40MPH
             | city driving that's more than 8 hours. Then you need ~20
             | minutes at a supercharger.
             | 
             | Eventually somebody is going to make an electric SUV with
             | more batteries in it which will then have a >480 mile range
             | when not towing anything, which gets you 12 hours between
             | charges. That's a typical shift for a cab, and they already
             | have the 20 minutes of down time during the shift change to
             | clean the vehicle etc.
             | 
             | Trucks and buses will be the same. They'll fit larger
             | batteries and then get enough range to last the full shift.
             | It also wouldn't be surprising to see cities fit main
             | thoroughfares with overhead lines and then have electric
             | buses with pantographs so they can charge while in motion.
             | 
             | > A large percentage of private cars are parked on the
             | streets.
             | 
             | So as electric vehicles get more common they'll start
             | installing chargers on streets. The more vehicles there
             | are, the more chargers they can justify. The more chargers
             | there are, the more people buy electric vehicles. It
             | doesn't have to go from zero chargers to every urban
             | parking space has a charger overnight, but that's where you
             | end up in a few decades.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | >It also wouldn't be surprising to see cities fit main
               | thoroughfares with overhead lines and then have electric
               | buses with pantographs so they can charge while in
               | motion.
               | 
               | These are already a thing but not done because Americans
               | complain about things like wires in the sky and public
               | transportation
        
               | emkoemko wrote:
               | how can trucks work on batteries? and be economical? you
               | do know roads have a load rating you can't go over? so
               | Trucks will have to carry less and we will have to make
               | and use more trucks? driving up the cost of everything.
        
               | Animats wrote:
               | Siemens actually set up a road with overhead wire and put
               | a pantograph on a truck.[1] Probably not a great idea.
               | 
               | Tried in Super Mario Brothers, the movie (1983) [2]
               | 
               | [1] https://insideevs.com/photo/3938111/siemens-to-
               | conduct-ehigh...
               | 
               | [2] https://youtu.be/G7GUvttfe0k
        
               | skeletal88 wrote:
               | These are called trolleybuses and they exist.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | glogla wrote:
             | > * There is a huge subset of motorized vehicles that are
             | spending a considerable percentage of their daily time on
             | the road. Thinking about taxis, buses, trucks, etc.
             | 
             | Those also often spend the nights in specialized depots or
             | garages. Moreover, lot of those public transport and
             | utility vehicles spend a lot of time idling (think garbage
             | truck or bus at stop) which makes them especially wasteful
             | if ICE.
             | 
             | Around here, bus depots are colocated with tram and train
             | depots so they already have powerful electricity lines.
             | 
             | > * A large percentage of private cars are parked on the
             | streets.
             | 
             | I'm convinced there's a correlation between "parking on the
             | street near condos" and driving relatively little day to
             | day. The cars that drive the most distance would be the
             | ones owned by people living in suburbs or villages. But
             | people with houses can probably charge at home, right?
             | 
             | ...
             | 
             | For me specifically, my commute is 15 km one way, so even
             | with something with not much range like Peugeot e-208 I
             | would have to charge it about every two weeks if I'm onsite
             | daily, or about once a month if I'm mostly remote. I'm
             | still not planning to buy one because I'd rather use bike
             | or public transport, but it would work.
        
             | Rapzid wrote:
             | There is something to be said about shipping around the
             | energy source for quick refuel.
             | 
             | If there is anything to these new electrolytes and shipping
             | them around to "gas" stations, I think they could end up
             | replacing charging stations for sure.
        
           | ryanisnan wrote:
           | It does seem like that's the play. Pretty sad that it took
           | them this long to make this investment, but I am excited for
           | what Toyota might bring to the EV market.
        
       | la_oveja wrote:
       | I'm really hyped to see their hydrogen "combustion" engines <3
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | Why? I'm way more excited to get an EV -- no oil changes,
         | transmission problems, way better acceleration, quieter, etc.
         | Combustion is going to be obsolete soon.
        
       | clipradiowallet wrote:
       | FYI, 1.5 trillion yen equates to 13,607,664,000.00 USD.
        
         | jhgb wrote:
         | I thought it was just one yen, but one that was highly
         | magnetic.
        
       | gplusnews wrote:
       | Toyota sounds more like blackberry these days!
        
       | ffggvv wrote:
       | weird how everyone is an "expert" about hydrogen vs EV and knows
       | more than the biggest car company in the world.
        
         | reducesuffering wrote:
         | The results speak for themselves. For years Toyota and Honda
         | have been playing around with Hydrogen cars in tiny production
         | numbers, lease-only, and with little progress, while Tesla is
         | increasingly shipping more and more cars, 400x the Toyota Mirai
         | numbers, to almost limitless demand.
        
           | ffggvv wrote:
           | didn't know the competition was over. We're still at less
           | than 1% adoption. Thats like saying that the results speak
           | for themselves about AOL winning the ISP wars in the 90s.
        
             | Hypx_ wrote:
             | This. Electric cars are currently at the dialup internet
             | phase of adoption. It's unlikely the current leaders will
             | be the future leaders. Nor will the current technology be
             | the stuff we will use in the future.
        
               | greenonions wrote:
               | Sure, but I reckon the leader is even less likely to be
               | Toyota than Tesla.
        
               | Hypx_ wrote:
               | Toyota is much more likely to be a major player in the
               | future than Tesla. I don't think Toyota plans on being a
               | leader of anything.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | Who knew there were so many polymaths on hackernews
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | Just yesterday there was a conversation about college
           | degrees. Why is it that so many people here feel like they're
           | an expert in absolutely everything? Condescending people who
           | are vaccine skeptical, for one, as if they themselves were
           | literal vaccine experts. There's so much hubris in the top
           | tier of society it's almost sickening.
        
             | smolder wrote:
             | You could say some of the top tier of society has a
             | presence here, but I don't think it describes most of HN's
             | audience and commentariat.
             | 
             | Anyway, comment quality does vary a lot by subject matter.
             | Industry insiders aren't likely to say anything new in this
             | case, whether because of NDAs or language barriers or
             | disinterest in HN, yet there is broad interest in the
             | direction of automobile development. It's something people
             | here are trying pretty hard to understand themselves, so
             | they often feel they have gained enough insight to share,
             | just as they do with COVID. I'm no sociologist though, this
             | is just a layman's take. :)
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | 6gvONxR4sf7o wrote:
       | There was an interesting discussion here the other day about what
       | makes a company a tech company. Reading here about R&D
       | investments like this from a company that isn't considered a
       | 'tech company,' I can't help but think back to that discussion
       | and chuckle.
        
         | acchow wrote:
         | Toyota's revenue is 27T JPY. This 1.5T figure over 9 years is
         | 0.16T per year or about 0.6% of their annual revenue. That this
         | even makes the news is indeed worth chuckling about.
        
         | brianwawok wrote:
         | Why? Do you think anything new will come out of this? The
         | market is pretty far past them in battery tech, hard to catch
         | up for the price of 1 tesla battery factory.
        
           | echelon wrote:
           | The world isn't instantly switching to batteries. There's no
           | infrastructure where I live and I can't charge an electric
           | vehicle at either of my condos.
           | 
           | My mom lives in the suburbs and I see very few Teslas there.
           | Mostly pickup trucks. Cybertruck is not going to appeal to
           | those folks.
           | 
           | There is plenty of time for the incumbents to catch up.
           | Especially when Japan will stand behind their car industry.
           | 
           | EVs are still in the _Virtual Reality_ phase of the adoption
           | curve.
           | 
           | I'm not going to bet against Tesla, but I'd be happy to buy
           | your Toyota shares at a discount.
        
             | brianwawok wrote:
             | Teslas are still selling like hotcakes, and have a 4-6
             | month wait right now. I see a few more every month in my
             | flyover state. New service center being made in my town.
             | 
             | I have only owned 1 condo, but power meters were right by
             | my deeded parking spot. Would have been very easy to slap a
             | charger in.
             | 
             | Cannot imagine going back to a Toyota after this. The
             | future is now. Just a matter of if Toyota is able to catch
             | up, or if they have missed the train. They had a huge lead
             | with Prius, and so far have squandered it on fuel cell
             | chasing.
        
             | Rapzid wrote:
             | Yeah.. It's clear that the incumbents are paying very close
             | attention to trends. Not sure why anyone would bet against
             | them, particularly Japanese auto.. I can guess though haha.
             | 
             | Heck, the first EV I would look into if I were in the
             | market ATM would be the Chevy Bolt EV/EUV haha.
        
             | gibolt wrote:
             | So you don't have power in those condos? 95% of charging
             | happens at home.
             | 
             | Long trips are well served by the Super/destination charger
             | network. You'll be surprised how much availability there
             | is: https://www.tesla.com/findus
        
               | dnissley wrote:
               | Thinking through the particulars in my case: How do I
               | charge if I only have street parking? Can I rely on
               | superchargers only? What's the price of those vs charging
               | at home vs gas? Will I destroy my battery over time if I
               | do that? Am I giving up the thing I like most about my
               | current car (2013 civic -- never leaves me stranded +
               | basically only have to get the oil changed + replace
               | wearable items)?
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | Lots of places (theaters, grocery stores) have
               | destination chargers (some are even free). If you go to
               | those once or twice a week, top up there. If you don't
               | drive much, a weekly supercharger visit is fine. Keep in
               | mind that charging is currently worst case. It will
               | improve by ~50% each year.
               | 
               | Battery degradation is not something you should be
               | worried about. It will remain above 85-90% for hundreds
               | of thousands of miles.
               | 
               | Don't forget about depreciation. Gas cars will be worth
               | nothing soon as millions become undesirable. Electric
               | will be so in demand that they'll barely depreciate. Used
               | Model 3s right now are selling for thousands more than a
               | new one.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | > Gas cars will be worth nothing soon as millions become
               | undesirable.
               | 
               | Long bet: in 10 years you're wrong.
        
               | phaemon wrote:
               | Vague bet. What does "worth nothing" mean? Obviously
               | collectibles will be worth something and even crappy cars
               | will have scrap value.
        
               | brianwawok wrote:
               | I would put some money on this. There are very few
               | inherit benefits to gas right now except "faster to
               | refill" and "more range between stops". Both get solved
               | by increasing battery densities, charging speeds, etc. At
               | 300 miles range, I have 1 common trip I need to charge
               | for 5 minutes. At 400 miles range (which I can get on an
               | S), all my common trips are charge free. Vacation trips
               | already work great with 300 miles range.
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | Gas stations will start going under. Gas prices will
               | increase. Parts will stop being made or have prices
               | increase. Used market will be flooded, in a race to the
               | bottom. New electric cars will become cheaper and
               | charging ubiquitous. Battery charging speeds will
               | improve.
               | 
               | This means that within the decade, EVs will be more
               | convenient and cheaper (already cheaper including
               | lifetime costs).
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | The greater reliability of EVs is one of the factors
               | pushing business uptake in areas like taxis.
               | 
               | If you dont drive many miles then todays EVs are already
               | fine for your use case. If you drive a lot then the fuel
               | savings are enough for you to want to make it work.
        
           | RobLach wrote:
           | You don't need to catch up, you need to get 95% of the way
           | there, which Toyota is definitely capable of doing. Then you
           | compete beyond batteries and overcome the differences and
           | then some, which Toyota also very much can.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | genericone wrote:
       | Was there a new innovation or discovery that triggered this
       | direction change, information the public at large is not yet
       | aware of? I hate to see this move as subject to the whims of the
       | leadership, a decision that could change 5 years from now... If
       | this change has, as a foundation, a scientific / engineering
       | basis, I would feel a lot more assured in Toyota's EV
       | aspirations.
        
         | ncmncm wrote:
         | It's not a direction change. They are just hedging.
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | As 14 billion US dollars over a decade it sounds less dramatic.
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | That's still quite a lot, but yeah, trillions are more exciting
         | than tens of billions.
        
           | foobarian wrote:
           | Too bad they didn't build it in Vietnam paid in their local
           | currency! <mutters at int32 types used for VND prices>
        
       | jtvjan wrote:
       | 1.5T JPY  11.5G EUR  13.6G USD  9.9G GBP  18.4G AUD
        
         | tppiotrowski wrote:
         | G for Giga (10^9)? This confused me. I was expecting Billions
         | (B)
        
           | jtvjan wrote:
           | Oh yeah I assumed the T stood for tera.                 ~>
           | units '1.5 teraJPY' gigaEUR       * 11.511012
        
         | bserge wrote:
         | Yeah, real helpful. Use (B) for billion not whatever G stands
         | for.
        
           | p1mrx wrote:
           | Tera/giga are globally standardized; trillion/billion are
           | ambiguous.
        
             | bserge wrote:
             | Aight, I'll ask my manager to raise my salary by a few
             | kiloeuros.
             | 
             | Fucking ridiculous.
        
               | phaemon wrote:
               | Have you genuinely never seen people refer to, say, $10k
               | to mean ten thousand dollars? It's very common.
        
               | jazzyjackson wrote:
               | no really, billion has different meaning around the
               | world. personally I'm a fan of gigabucks, way shorter to
               | say than "billions of dollars"
        
               | glogla wrote:
               | Yup, the long and short scale[1].
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_and_short_scale
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | In France, they use "milliard" for billions.
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | Amusingly I think he'd understand your request at
               | least...
        
             | sedatk wrote:
             | How are trillion and billion ambiguous?
        
               | acchow wrote:
               | "billion" in the US means 10^9, but in France, Germany,
               | Austria, Belgium, etc means 10^12.
               | 
               | Trillion means 10^12 in the US but means 10^18 in the
               | above places.
        
               | notJim wrote:
               | Is this true even if you're speaking English in France? I
               | would assume in English, it always means 10^9.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | hackeraccount wrote:
               | Is a billion a million million, or one followed by twelve
               | noughts (1,000,000,000,000) or is a billion a thousand
               | million?
               | 
               | Same thing for a trillion. I think the first is or maybe
               | was a UK'ism. Maybe the rest of the world does that too?
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | nathancahill wrote:
         | Good bot.
        
         | sdze wrote:
         | What the heck is G ?
        
           | the8472 wrote:
           | surely this is taught in various science classes in every
           | country?
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_prefix
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | Metric prefixes aren't typically adjacent to numbers but
             | space separated from the modified units in sciences
             | (typical, the reverse is true), so, no, that usage isn't
             | taught in most science classrooms.
        
             | colinmhayes wrote:
             | I have never seen anyone use metric prefixes with money.
        
               | reportingsjr wrote:
               | Every now and again I'll talk to someone who uses
               | kilobuck for various things. It's not common, but it's
               | common enough that informal dictionaries have definitions
               | for it.
        
               | jagger27 wrote:
               | My grandmother (who just passed away a few weeks ago)
               | used to say "megabucks" a lot when talking about
               | expensive things or rich people. I wonder if that's what
               | she meant.
        
           | danw1979 wrote:
           | Gigaquids
        
         | Nbox9 wrote:
         | Is it reading 1.5T yen as 1.5 Tera yen instead of 1.5Trillion
         | yen?
        
           | froh wrote:
           | Tera and Trillion gives the same number of digits, 12...
        
         | notJim wrote:
         | I agree that this is a silly way to state this info, but it's
         | hilarious to me how irritated it makes people.
        
       | tsjq wrote:
       | How many million USD is that?
        
       | boboche wrote:
       | Ex Corrola and Celica owner, and ex Toyota fanboy. I was on the
       | market and considering a Supra once the car craze would settle.
       | After seeing all the lobby money against right to repair, trying
       | slowing down Tesla with congress and all, I decided I would not
       | contribute to a brand that used to be a leader in quality and
       | innovation, but now acts as a desperate trainwreck and instead of
       | focussing on improving seriously, they are playing games with
       | numbers (and not being any better than Bezos with SpaceX on the
       | political side) Shame.
       | 
       | Must hurt them bad having sold those TSLA shares when they were
       | worth a fraction of today's price.
       | 
       | I hope they bounce back, drop the attitude and become competitive
       | again. They made the mistake of being overconfident without
       | acknowledging the competition or (ex) partners, clean competition
       | is always good. Especially in this segment for our planet's sake.
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | > considering a Supra
         | 
         | Not a Toyota.
        
           | Forbo wrote:
           | Am I missing something?
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Supra
        
             | boboche wrote:
             | Joint venture with BMW, lots of BMW tech, so not a
             | "natural" Supra just like the ft86/fr-s is a joint venture
             | with Subaru, people call 'em a Toyobaru around here :).
        
               | Forbo wrote:
               | I'm reminded of the "GNU plus Linux" copypasta.
        
         | ArtemZ wrote:
         | Sorry, but as someone who knows little about U.S politics and
         | lobbying there, I don't understand how you are putting Tesla
         | and "the right to repair" in a single sentence. What will you
         | do if the electronics in Tesla fails? What will you do if the
         | motor fails? Battery? You won't be able to fix that on your
         | own.
         | 
         | Teslas can be only repaired in a professional shop, whereas
         | Toyotas can be fixed by a moderately skilled individual in a
         | private garage. You can order all the parts for Toyota online
         | and do everything from engine rebuild to any kind of
         | maintenance.
        
           | boboche wrote:
           | Simple, 2 separate issues tickling me.
           | 
           | Not saying Tesla are not terrible at RTR, they are. But they
           | are also accelerating electrification and catching everybody
           | off guard. Including auto repair shops. Some are actually
           | starting to be the Rossman of teslas and I beleive the
           | momentum RTR is getting will naturally creep in and bite them
           | too soon or later.
           | 
           | For now I can just agree and its one of the reasons I won't
           | buy a Tesla as I like to keep my cars until they completely
           | die (usually rusted beyond repair with 300kkm+) while keeping
           | my repair costs down.
           | 
           | Toyota was pointed as a major lobyist against right to repair
           | and financed FUD ads in the US on ballot initiatives btw,
           | Tesla was not in that group.
        
       | micah63 wrote:
       | I think it's too little too late. It's so much more than EV now,
       | it's about FSD, AI, data collection, charging networks, owning
       | mass battery production, automation of manufacturing, remote
       | software updates, the center screen interface, service to the
       | home networks, direct to customer sales infrastructure, solar
       | panels on your home to charge your car, etc... I believe every
       | car company is 10 years late responding and Tesla will destroy
       | them like Apple iPhone destroyed Blackberry, Nokia, etc... If
       | Ford can mass produce the electric F-150 before cybertruck hits,
       | they may stand a chance (#1 selling vehicle in NA), but again,
       | they are behind on so many of the other factors. I think Tesla
       | will do it in a more streamlined way, more profitability and are
       | ultimately heading towards a robo taxi network which isn't even
       | in the competitors' visions.
        
         | emkoemko wrote:
         | you seem to be a little too biased towards Tesla? are you
         | invested? some of your points make no sense and "robo taxi
         | network which isn't even in the competitors' visions." and yet
         | Waymo has already done exactly this... Tesla can't even
         | navigate in a closed loop tunnel...
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Vertical integration like that sounds good, but often ends up a
         | distraction. Toyota tends to be more of we do the Engine and
         | frame, and outsource the rest.
        
         | specialist wrote:
         | Yes and:
         | 
         | Tesla is integrating vertically, like mining lithium. Both as
         | hedge against supply disruptions and to squeeze efficiency.
         | 
         | > _...like Apple iPhone destroyed..._
         | 
         | Also copying Apple's monopsony playbook. Tesla bought booked
         | the production of "gigacasting" gear. Just like Apple bought
         | all the CNC machines (for making unibody cases) and miniature
         | harddrives (for iPod) and... So competitors can't emulate, even
         | if they wanted to and had the capital.
        
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