[HN Gopher] Netflix is not a tech company (2019)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Netflix is not a tech company (2019)
        
       Author : Brajeshwar
       Score  : 230 points
       Date   : 2021-09-07 15:36 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ben-evans.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ben-evans.com)
        
       | crazygringo wrote:
       | This is utterly ridiculous.
       | 
       | I think it's generally understood that, in the 21st century, a
       | "tech company" is a company that uses tech as the _principal
       | competitive advantage_ to replace traditional  "non-21st-century-
       | tech" incumbents.
       | 
       | Obviously, Netflix used streaming, collaborative filtering
       | recommendations, and a massive CDN to replace cable TV
       | subscriptions.
       | 
       | If that's not a perfect example of a tech company, I don't know
       | what is.
       | 
       | Yes Netflix needed a good content library too, but that's never
       | been its _primary_ differentiator. NBC and HBO have been
       | producing good content for many decades now. That 's table
       | stakes.
       | 
       | There's _another_ "level" of tech companies, you could argue --
       | companies that _supply_ tech rather than just _use_ it as a
       | competitive advantage -- e.g. Microsoft, Apple, MongoDB, Dropbox.
       | 
       | But today we tend to label those "software" or "hardware"
       | companies specifically (or a combination). Perhaps in the 1980's
       | those were the only "tech" companies. But at least ever since the
       | dot-com era, "tech company" has meant companies that _use_ tech
       | as the _principal competitive advantage_ (as opposed to merely
       | increasing internal efficiency).
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | > Obviously, Netflix used streaming, collaborative filtering
         | recommendations, and a massive CDN to replace cable TV
         | subscriptions.
         | 
         | Then Disney, HBO, and CBS are now tech companies.
         | 
         | To stretch your analogy, you might even argue that Target and
         | Walmart are tech companies too. Or UPS, DHL, and FedEx. They do
         | massive scale logistics using computers.
         | 
         | I would go by a different definition for tech. Are engineers
         | the principal innovators and expense driving the company
         | forward? Are automation, growth, measurement, iteration, and
         | hard problems a chief mindset? That's what tech is to me. You
         | could even meet those definitions without being an internet
         | company. SpaceX, Tesla...
        
         | cblconfederate wrote:
         | > streaming, collaborative filtering recommendations, and a
         | massive CDN
         | 
         | Did they develop any of these technologies?
        
           | ronald_raygun wrote:
           | Did Apple invent much of its early tech, or did it just lift
           | it from Xerox Park?
        
             | cblconfederate wrote:
             | apple may not be a pure tech company, they re a gadget
             | company, but they have developed a lot of technologies that
             | they can patent, a lot of UX things, and it seems they have
             | evolved many of the preexisting ones. I don't really know
             | what netflix does, do they develop things like video
             | codecs, load balancing tech or recommendation algorithms?
        
           | nkohari wrote:
           | ...yes?
        
         | duped wrote:
         | > Yes Netflix needed a good content library too, but that's
         | never been its primary differentiator. NBC and HBO have been
         | producing good content for many decades now. That's table
         | stakes.
         | 
         | It's pretty much the only differentiator, and what people mean
         | when they say "content is king." Very few companies can compete
         | with Netflix on fidelity and technical performance. Yet Netflix
         | is second fiddle to industry giants that contracted out their
         | streaming platform development, because ultimately consumers
         | care more about what they're watching than how they watch it.
        
         | wrs wrote:
         | So you and the author have exactly opposite perceptions of what
         | is "table stakes" (tech or content) and where the strategic
         | advantage in the streaming business lies...
         | 
         | Perhaps one missing piece is that there is a first-mover
         | advantage to being the tech disruptor, but in many cases the
         | tech quickly becomes "table stakes" and the strategy goes back
         | to where it was.
        
           | i2shar wrote:
           | Exactly right. And I, as a consumer, would consider content
           | as the primary driver. An efficient delivery mechanism is
           | already (or soon will be) commoditized. Bad content delivered
           | efficiently won't drive profits.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | Netflix figured out data-driven streaming better than anyone.
           | That's its competitive advantage, full stop. It purchases
           | content based on unparalleled data analysis, i.e. big-data
           | _tech_. They often don 't even order pilots (previously
           | unheard of), they're so confident in their statistics.
           | 
           | A useful contrast is with HBO. Yes HBO has a streaming
           | service and app... but its competitive advantage is in
           | prestige content people will pay $$$ for. Somehow HBO's
           | management team is _incredibly_ good at nurturing content in
           | an artistic critically-acclaimed way, rather than tech-data-
           | driven way.
           | 
           | For Netflix, tech is the primary differentiator and the
           | content is table stakes. While for HBO it's reversed. It all
           | depends on how a given company is choosing to compete in the
           | same market.
        
             | wccrawford wrote:
             | >They often don't even order pilots (previously unheard
             | of), they're so confident in their statistics.
             | 
             | And a lot of their Netflix-branded shows are quite
             | mediocre. I'd say they're not so much confident of their
             | statistics about each individual show as they are about
             | being able to promote their shows and get them viewed
             | anyhow.
             | 
             | And on the average, it works out for them without the messy
             | bits in the middle with ordering a pilot and having to
             | somehow assess the quality of that pilot in regards to a
             | full show.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | >Somehow HBO's management team is incredibly good at
             | nurturing content in an artistic critically-acclaimed way,
             | rather than tech-data-driven way.
             | 
             | It was good. As far as I understand, ATT got rid of most of
             | the bosses responsible for nurturing that quality over
             | quantity atmosphere and they are also now pumping out
             | garbage.
             | 
             | A few months ago, I opened up the HBO Max app (which I only
             | have access to due to it being bundled into my mobile phone
             | plan), and this is the show that was being advertised:
             | 
             | https://www.hbomax.com/series/urn:hbo:series:GYN4ywAXUS1OLN
             | g...
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _and they are also now pumping out garbage_
               | 
               | ...you mean shows like the critically-acclaimed _Mare of
               | Easttown_ and _Hacks_ and _The White Lotus_ , all this
               | year?
               | 
               | Nobody ever said HBO was _exclusively_ prestige content.
               | There isn 't enough to fill multiple channels 24/7. But
               | it's still the main factor that drives subscriptions.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | It was exclusively quality content (or a higher
               | probability of it). That is why people used to pay $15
               | per month just for HBO. HBO's curation was its value. If
               | I have to research whether or not an HBO show is good or
               | not, then the HBO branding is worthless.
               | 
               | Thanks for the recommendations though! They look
               | interesting.
        
         | jbay808 wrote:
         | The trouble with this definition is that as it defines tech as
         | an _advantage_ , it intrinsically depends on what your
         | competitors are doing.
         | 
         | Is Netflix still a tech company when Disney (incumbent) now
         | offers similar tech? Does Netflix still have tech as its
         | principal competitive advantage, or are subscribers now
         | choosing who they subscribe to based on content?
         | 
         | If the latter, then Netflix is now a media company, and
         | whatever tech superiority they still have is about as relevant
         | as Betamax's tech superiority over VHS.
        
       | InternetPerson wrote:
       | This is an important question! Is Netflix a "tech company"?!
       | 
       | We should all describe our own thoughts and feelings about the
       | term "tech company", in order to sort this out...
        
       | vdnkh wrote:
       | > , the streaming and compression are good,
       | 
       | I've been in video tech for a long time, and you glossed over the
       | part where Netflix does tech company things. They invented VMAF
       | and per-title encoding. I've seen countless video tech talks and
       | Netflix consistently brings innovation to the table.
        
       | btown wrote:
       | Ah, nothing like a clickbaity title to nerd-snipe us the morning
       | after a holiday!
       | 
       | > Like Sky, Netflix has used technology as a crowbar to build a
       | new TV business. Everything about how it executed that technology
       | has to be good. The apps are good, the streaming and compression
       | are good, the UI is good, the recommendation engine is good, and
       | the customer service and experience are good. Unlike American
       | cable subscribers, Netflix subscribers are generally pretty happy
       | with the tech. The tech has to be good - but, it's still all
       | about the TV... It used tech as a crowbar, and the crowbar had to
       | be good, but it's actually a TV company.
       | 
       | By this logic, Google is less a tech company than an advertising
       | firm that used tech as a crowbar! Microsoft is an office supplies
       | manufacturer! Which seems absurdly reductive.
       | 
       | In my mind, if you're scaling _customized services for individual
       | users_ far beyond what a team of top-tier customer service
       | professionals could do (or you 're cyborg-izing those service
       | professionals!), you're a tech company. Plain and simple. And
       | Netflix fits this bill because part of its approach to content
       | creation is that _programming choices_ should be driven by
       | quantitative insights about individual users - it 's just a very,
       | very long iteration cycle on the optimization algorithm.
        
       | eruleman wrote:
       | In 1997, Hastings and Randolph mailed a DVD to see if it would be
       | delivered without damage. Netflix was created because a new
       | market (home delivery of movies) was created by an emerging
       | technology.
       | 
       | 10 years later, Netflix kick started the streaming revolution. In
       | 2008, Netflix licensed the Starz catalogue of 2,500 titles.
       | 
       | In a podcast episode _, Ben Thompson said Netflix was his
       | favorite company to write about because they have successfully
       | transitioned their business model multiple times to take
       | advantage of technological shifts.
       | 
       | _ https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/ben-thompson-platforms...
        
         | pySSK wrote:
         | The always had streaming in mind though but the infrastructure
         | for it did not exist for mass adoption. They used DVD and USPS
         | to gain footprint get off the ground. This enabled Netflix to
         | wait it until the market was ready for their big tech-play.
         | c.f. SV failures like WebTV and General Magic who were ahead of
         | their time but the market/infrastructure didn't exist.
        
       | marban wrote:
       | In five years, every company will be an Internet company -- or
       | they won't be companies at all. Andy Grove, 2000
        
       | andrewla wrote:
       | This is attributing much more coherence to Netflix's strategy
       | than could be reasonably assumed.
       | 
       | Netflix is still trying to figure out what it is. I think their
       | growth post-DVD was based on the assumption that they would be
       | the clearinghouse for all video content; with Hulu and the
       | further balkanization of the video space, it was clear that this
       | was not going to happen; that Netflix was destined to be one
       | provider among many, and that their sources of content would
       | start to dry up as other companies decided that the streaming and
       | application and appliances were commodity technology that they
       | could just brand in-house.
       | 
       | The quality of the UI of Netflix is terrible, but everyone else
       | is so much worse that for the moment they stand out. And they
       | never managed to get on the bandwagon of selling add-on packages
       | like Hulu and Amazon did (although both of those products have
       | such abysmal UX that you gain very little over using the
       | respective native apps).
       | 
       | So now they're continuing to play up the original content game,
       | which appears to be where the industry in general is headed,
       | because the Paramount Consent Decree is so dead that it can't
       | even hear our prayers.
       | 
       | They are a tech company insofar as they have invested heavily in
       | the tech and as a result have the most reliable and usable
       | platform (and the most research into recommendations), but the
       | gap between Netflix and commodity streaming is narrow enough now
       | that their edge in the technology space is gone. So they're
       | basically a studio/theater at this point, like everyone else in
       | the space. The only difference between Disney and Netflix is that
       | Netflix doesn't have a theme park (yet!).
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | > based on the assumption that they would be the clearinghouse
         | for all video content
         | 
         | Unless they pivoted at lightning speed, I don't think this is
         | true. When I saw the online subscriptions start for Netflix, I,
         | some random person on the street, observed that the moment a
         | white-box streaming service is created, all of the content-
         | owners will have zero incentive to put their content on
         | Netflix.
         | 
         | If I could think of this, then so could Netflix, and sure
         | enough we started seeing netflix buying and producing content
         | of their own pretty quickly.
        
         | btmiller wrote:
         | This was only part of your comment, but I'm very happy with my
         | Apple TV purchase (especially now with the "fixed" remote). The
         | hardware has always been sufficiently fast which enables app
         | devs to present the best version of their UIs. Though this
         | isn't a silver bullet (see the Prime Video app), the same APIs
         | many devs are used to on iOS do enable a delightful experience
         | (insofar as delightful = objectively better than the
         | experiences on alternative hardware).
         | 
         | (Woof, so many caveats here!)
        
       | mandeepj wrote:
       | I've always thought of Netflix as a media company.
       | 
       | I believe a simple approach to find out what type of a company -
       | a particular entity is - is to seek what comes to your mind when
       | you think about that co.
       | 
       | Toyota - Cars: so, they are a car company.
       | 
       | Microsoft - Windows. So, they are a software/tech co.
       | 
       | Google - Search. But, they are part of a conglomerate.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | Why is Microsoft a "software company" but Google a
         | "conglomerate"? What's the difference?
        
           | mandeepj wrote:
           | Good question. I said 'Google is part of a Conglomerate' -
           | Alphabet. I also consider them a software co. But, some of
           | you might disagree by bringing - Google ads and YouTube into
           | discussion. This is where things get complicated. Microsoft
           | also had MSN and serve ads in Skype and Windows. Does that
           | make them a media co? I don't think so. Similarly, FB also
           | does not consider themselves a media company. They say they
           | are a tech co.
        
       | pyrrhotech wrote:
       | Neither is Facebook or Amazon. In fact, all three have already
       | been moved from tech sector and into communications / consumer
       | discretionary by economists. Google, Microsoft and Apple still
       | qualify as tech for now.
        
       | abvdasker wrote:
       | A fundamentally semantic argument like this seems mostly
       | irrelevant to me. It's like calling Google or Facebook
       | advertising services, which might technically be true but isn't
       | usefully descriptive. Using the author's logic you could call
       | high frequency trading firms tech companies instead of financial
       | services. If his semantics here were correct one might wonder why
       | nobody calls HFTs tech companies. The author ignores the more
       | complicated side of the questions about what makes a company a
       | "tech company" -- mushy concepts like internal corporate culture,
       | sources of talent, and participation in the broader tech
       | "ecosystem".
       | 
       | Also the idea that Netflix's content strategy is cleanly
       | separable from its tech is totally bogus. Netflix uses some
       | sophisticated tech to decide what content to produce and also has
       | a huge amount of in-house technology involved in the actual
       | production of content.
        
         | sfink wrote:
         | I think it makes sense to an analyst. Is the company's success
         | determined more by {TV,advertising,healthcare,...} concerns or
         | by tech concerns?
         | 
         | Which is a very different question from "if I like to do X,
         | where should I try to work?" It's closer to "what is the
         | company's largest expense" but that's still different.
         | 
         | Different categorization schemes for different purposes.
        
       | nimbius wrote:
       | >all of the questions that matter are TV questions.
       | 
       | I wish ben would do a little more research. Netflix imo very much
       | is a tech company. they released an entire x.509 certificate
       | orchestration framework. HBO and Disney to my knowledge havent
       | released any devops tooling.
       | 
       | https://netflixtechblog.com/introducing-lemur-ceae8830f621
        
       | sfink wrote:
       | "Tech company" is a label that is rapidly outliving its utility.
       | We probably need another name for the small segment of the
       | industry that is producing technology as its product.
       | 
       | Looking forward, I'm guessing "tech job" is another label whose
       | days are numbered. Already, "I work in tech" is a fairly
       | nondescriptive phrase. It's the new "I work with a pencil."
        
       | bilater wrote:
       | The salaries for engineers says otherwise. Honestly that's a
       | better metric than anything else as it directly correlates with
       | how valuable they see engineering talent.
        
       | thehappypm wrote:
       | Netflix used to be head-and-shoulders above other streaming
       | services, now it seems that streaming (which was unbelievably
       | revolutionary 10 years ago) is trivial now. Look how Peacock and
       | Disney+ just popped up overnight, streaming video is just
       | commoditized now.
       | 
       | I think what makes a company a "tech company" is doing actual
       | R&D. Netflix pioneered a lot of technology around streaming.
       | Google invented the modern search engine. Microsoft builds
       | operating systems. Apple designs hardware and operating systems.
       | 
       | NBC with Peacock? No, they just bought something off-the-shelf.
       | 
       | Is Netflix still doing real cutting-edge R&D? Maybe? Maybe not.
        
       | rodrigosetti wrote:
       | Yup. Netflix doesn't sell tech, it sells subscriptions to
       | scripted drama. It uses tech to expedite its business, like
       | everyone else.
       | 
       | Yes, they invent a little more technology than your typical small
       | business spreadsheet. But tech is a commodity for them because
       | the only strategy for tech is that "it has to be good".
        
       | mrkramer wrote:
       | Even WeWork called itself tech company. The term is widely used
       | and abused.
        
       | Communitivity wrote:
       | The author says Netflix is not a tech company, but then does not
       | give a definition of what is a tech company. At one point he
       | seems to say anything that sells something online is not a tech
       | company. I disagree, using SaaS companies as one set of counter-
       | examples.
       | 
       | For me a tech company is any company that offers product that is
       | computerized hardware, software, digital asset, or digital
       | service that they have created (so not just a case of
       | repackaging). Netflix meets that definition because it offers a
       | viewing experience with recommendations, watch lists, etc. By my
       | definition many of the companies online would be considered tech
       | companies though.
       | 
       | I do think Areading314 is partially correct too. Most companies
       | today are going to be using technology. Though not most will be
       | creating it as a product.
        
       | didntknowya wrote:
       | tldr: it's a media company
        
       | geodel wrote:
       | Besides all the great comments here about Netflix being not a
       | tech company. I will add that most of Netflix tech blogs lately
       | are just describing integrating a bunch of Open source
       | Apache/Spring Framework software.
       | 
       | The "technical challenges" they are facing are similar to those
       | Enterprisey IT developers face when they could not wrap their
       | head around Kludgy Java framework APIs.
       | 
       | Also If I look at Netflix OSS at github it gives that feeling of
       | below average enterprise Java software with deeply nested
       | packages with probably 5 percent of meat and 95 percent
       | scaffolding / config around it.
       | 
       | I wouldn't be surprised to learn if Netflix's famed extensive
       | systems monitoring is not because they are on cutting edge but
       | that million instances of half-assed Java microservices do need
       | endless monitoring just for standard http/database request
       | processing.
       | 
       | So yeah, Netflix is not tech company in many meanings of tech.
        
       | cardosof wrote:
       | "Tech company" used to be vendors/providers of technology
       | components (IBM, Oracle, Microsoft, etc) but today it is a label
       | you slap on a stock, startup or IPO to mean "monopoly potential
       | with very profitable operations / scalable revenue streams", so
       | demand (and price) for said stock grow up.
       | 
       | This is all BS of course - Netflix is a media/content company,
       | Stripe is a financial services company and Tesla is an automotive
       | and clean energy company. The fact they leverage technology much
       | better than their peers (little offshoring, lots of R&D, "built
       | here" mentality) is more relevant to the how they do it than to
       | what they do.
        
       | tester756 wrote:
       | In my opinion Netflix is tech company, but is not part of FAAMG.
       | 
       | The reasoning is that the rest of FAAMG does shitton of "other"
       | kind of CS oriented tech (OSes, Databases, Compilers, Heavy ML
       | research) and stuff
       | 
       | They're way too big
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | It's not your opinion that it's not part of FAAMG, that's
         | definitional.
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | If you can provide a service to an additional subscriber at near
       | zero overhead costs, near zero dollar sales and onboarding
       | process, then you're a tech company
       | 
       | the only reason additional industry specific questions exist is
       | because they have so many simultaneous users that theyve reached
       | theoretical maximums on their near-free resources
       | 
       | when other industries reach the same place, if at all ever
       | possible, then we can split hairs over this distinction
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | Yeah, when adding new customers is near marginal cost you are
         | tech company. This ofc does fail some like Tesla at far end,
         | but also Apple and Amazon.
         | 
         | So tech is bit murky, but Netflix with Google and Facebook
         | should clearly qualify.
        
       | hintymad wrote:
       | In a way Netflix is a productivity company. They relentlessly
       | improve productivity in decision making, in building device
       | ecosystems, in lowering streaming cost, in managing streaming
       | assets... Cool technologies emerge from such endeavor.
        
       | MargleBlorf wrote:
       | Why does industrial help language at all? The idea that Netflix
       | is regulated differently than Time Warner is a scam. It's bad for
       | users. Everything was an insurance company for a while. Then
       | everything was a finance company. Now it's tech. Why not break
       | the cycle instead of just pushing it into the next field?
       | 
       | Basically every company just shifts their marketing language to
       | whatever industry has most aggree-able regulations.
       | 
       | I kinda think a more important conversation is about what Netflix
       | actually is. Subscribers are the livestock, not the customer. The
       | customer are propagandists who wanna promote something with a
       | documentary. So many of their docs have a clear influence
       | peddling motive.
       | 
       | My favorite is Fear vs New York City...a mafia doc? Well it
       | turned into a commercial for Giuliani that was hyper-targeted at
       | New Yorkers when it looked like he was going to get charged by
       | SDNY. You can argue that the content is compelling but the idea
       | is that they interviewed Rudy and Michael Chertoff and a whole
       | bunch of real corrupt villains and...i bet netflix paid them.
       | That's where our subscription money actually goes.
       | 
       | We all agree they're not a tech company but what do ya'll think
       | Netflix actually is?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | What used to be called "tech" is now called "high tech".
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | cletus wrote:
       | Here's the framework I use: "tech companies" are those where tech
       | still plays a significant factor in the growth of the company
       | such that it's important to an executive level.
       | 
       | Example: Google is still a tech company. As much as some might
       | view search as "solved" (just like it was when Google was founded
       | I might add), search continues to get better. Tech still plays a
       | significant role in the actual core business (ie advertising)
       | too.
       | 
       | I once again return to the Steve Jobs take on why Xerox failed
       | [1]. An effective monopoly devalued the tech such that Xerox
       | became a sales and finance company.
       | 
       | So, returning to Netflix. I agree Netflix isn't a tech company
       | _anymore_ because Netflix ultimately is about serving several
       | thousand VODs and that problem is solved. Now Netflix 's core
       | business is about making content, licensing content and acquiring
       | and retaining customers.
       | 
       | Obviously doing this (or anything) at scale is a lot harder than
       | it sounds but at the end of the day Youtube is monumentally more
       | technically challenging than Netflix due to the number of videos,
       | the number of viewers, the advertising and live streaming.
       | 
       | "Tech company" is still a useful classifier IMHO.
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NlBjNmXvqIM
        
         | coding123 wrote:
         | If it's solved, why is the UI for any other content streamer as
         | seamless on my roku as the Netflix one. All the others, I might
         | as well be using a 13 channel rotary dial still. Even Prime
         | sucks, just try rewinding or fast forwarding a minute and see
         | how frustrating that is.
        
           | ativzzz wrote:
           | The problem is, for consumers, these minor technical issues
           | don't matter as much as the content on the platforms. Yes,
           | Netflix works much more smoothly than HBO, but we don't
           | choose Netflix over HBO because of the quality of the video
           | streaming app, but for the shows we actually want to watch.
        
             | Msw242 wrote:
             | I disagree. Netflix is a dramatically more polished
             | experience. I'm not even going to touch channel specific
             | libraries like peacock because hbomax/Hulu are already
             | painful enough.
        
             | jboy55 wrote:
             | As someone who seemingly in the past 6 months has
             | subscribed to them all. The worst technically (Hulu on
             | Android TV), has got the most interesting content, and has
             | just passed Netflix as my go-to streaming channel. HBO,
             | Prime, Disc+, Hulu, Vudu, Apple TV, they might as well use
             | the same software.
        
               | bradknowles wrote:
               | Hulu is only of interest to me if it is truly ad-free, a
               | feature that I willingly pay for.
               | 
               | If I pay for ad-free and then they serve me incessant ads
               | anyway, I get really pissed off.
               | 
               | So, I don't watch Hulu. If something is only available on
               | Hulu, then I just don't watch it. I'll happily watch
               | Disney+, though.
        
             | ariwilson wrote:
             | I don't think this is true; I definitely choose YouTube /
             | Netflix over e.g. Amazon Prime just to browse for new shows
             | as the UI/recommendations are way better. This affects my
             | watch time significantly.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | 100% agree. I'm watching these over 99% of time _on an
               | Amazon FireTV device_ and YouTube and Netflix both have a
               | better UI /UX than Prime video. It's not even close.
               | 
               | FireTV device is an excellent value. Prime video? Well,
               | it's free with Prime at least...
        
             | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
             | I go to Netflix when I want to watch TV but don't have
             | anything in particular in mind partially because of the
             | more pleasant UX. I only venture onto the other services
             | when motivated to watch a particular show. I sometimes
             | cancel these memberships after finishing a show because I'm
             | not getting any value.
        
               | bradknowles wrote:
               | I find Netflix to be extraordinarily frustrating and
               | annoying, because of their insistence on auto-playing
               | video constantly based on whatever I momentarily hover
               | over or pause on.
               | 
               | I have to dash through shit way too fast to try to get
               | somewhere that they won't auto-blast me with whatever
               | high volume video shit they want to force down my ocular
               | neural pathways.
        
               | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
               | That feature can be oppressive. You can disable it if you
               | log in to the website (you may need to sign out and back
               | in on your streaming device for the setting to take
               | effect).
               | 
               | My guess is that it appeals to the average "turn on the
               | TV and watch whatever is on" consumer, and Netflix
               | probably prioritizes retaining them.
        
             | ssully wrote:
             | I understand this is an anecdote, but out of the apps I
             | use, I probably go to Netflix or HBO first, then Hulu, and
             | Amazon Video last. I honestly try to avoid Amazon's video
             | app as much as possible because of how poor the navigation
             | and discoverability is.
        
               | wheelinsupial wrote:
               | I try to avoid Amazon Prime Video because of the
               | practices they use. It's basically becoming a cable
               | service now. Ads before the video plays, content locked
               | up behind additional pay channels, which have the TV ads
               | play during the content, and getting teasers of the first
               | season of first few episodes only to find out the rest of
               | the series is on a pay channel.
        
           | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
           | Look at the Roku API and see how primitive it is. Either
           | Netflix cares enough to make it polished or they're getting
           | special access to private APIs.
        
           | conductr wrote:
           | This are highly subjective design choices. Hence why they are
           | perpetually unsolved. For me, Netflix on fire Tv is by far
           | the worst experience I encounter lately. I had to relocate
           | the icon because if I accidentally click into it, it takes me
           | 5 minutes to get back to Home Screen. Yes I timed it. Amazon
           | has given apps ability to control the exit app UI and
           | naturally apps do not want to let you exit. They hide and
           | make it difficult to get to the exit app "button" and then
           | still ask "are you sure?" But just getting into Netflix,
           | there is a loading screen, a profile selection screen, a
           | loading screen, then the last screen I was on (or home), then
           | I have to scroll to the navigation bar, go all the way down
           | to "exit netflix", yes I'm sure, loading screen, then finally
           | back home on fire tv. It takes 5 minutes and I never streamed
           | any content. The Disney+ app is nearly as bad. It's just
           | faster so doesn't take as long but requires a lot of remote
           | control clicks. They actually make me choose a profile when
           | we only have 1 profile.
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | Perhaps you need a new streaming device. My 3-year old
             | AppleTV4 it's near-instantaneous. Both Netflix and Disney+
             | are great, even Prime is good.
        
               | bradknowles wrote:
               | Yeah, I think the device makes a huge difference. Amazon
               | Prime on AppleTV is not horrible. It's not the best UI
               | out there, but it's loads better than Hulu, and I like it
               | much better than Netflix because it doesn't try to
               | constantly scream at me while I'm trying to find
               | something to watch.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | I would hazard to say that a sufficient (not a necessary)
         | condition for a company to be a "tech company" is its tech
         | being hard to replicate, that is, far from a commodity.
         | 
         | Google is a tech company because both the search and the ads
         | networks are hard at the planet scale; we can see how hard it
         | is to compete.
         | 
         | Same applies to e.g. Twitter or Uber. It applies much less to,
         | say, Reddit, or eBay, or Craiglist; their tech is secondary to
         | their existing network effects.
         | 
         | A company like GrubHub definitely has a strong tech branch, but
         | the tech is secondary to its delivery network and restaurant
         | contracts.
         | 
         | A company like CNN, equally, must have a strong engineering /
         | IT branch, but it's so secondary it feels totally invisible,
         | and everyone sees them as a "media company", not a "tech
         | company".
        
         | Rd6n6 wrote:
         | > tech companies" are those where tech still plays a
         | significant factor in the growth of the company such that it's
         | important to an executive level.
         | 
         | By similar definitions, aren't almost all companies also money
         | companies, employee companies, legal compliance companies,
         | strategy companies, marketing companies, mission statement
         | companies, fundraising companies, etc?
         | 
         | That sort of definition works for giving job applicants a hint
         | about whether the company might need them I guess.
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | By definition, "almost all" companies are not whatever
           | departmental adjective comes next. In business, you're
           | defined by your differentiators, the things that make you
           | different from all other companies. Finance, HR, legal
           | compliance, etc. are commodities: pretty much everyone knows
           | how to do them. The companies that _are_ defined by those
           | labels (Goldman Sachs for finance, for example, or Gusto  &
           | ADP for payroll) are those that know how to do them _so much
           | better that other companies would rather pay them than do it
           | themselves_.
           | 
           | So it is with tech. On some level all companies are tech
           | companies in that you need a website, Intranet, database,
           | etc. These are all commodities though. A "tech company" is
           | one where your tech is _so good_ that either you can offer
           | differentiated consumer experiences that nobody else can
           | offer (eg. YouTube, Apple, FB 's various products, consumer
           | parts of Google) or people pay you to handle the tech things
           | for them (eg. AWS, Microsoft, Google Cloud).
        
             | Rd6n6 wrote:
             | > A "tech company" is one where your tech is so good that
             | either you can offer differentiated consumer experiences
             | that nobody else can offer(...) or people pay you to handle
             | the tech things for them
             | 
             | It's a decent definition. It has some implications though
             | 
             | Almost no companies really differentiate via tech that
             | nobody else can offer
             | 
             | Almost no game or app companies meet that bar. Most game
             | companies have tech that another company can reproduce for
             | example. Almost all apps use fairly commonplace tech.
        
               | kenhwang wrote:
               | Within gaming, there's Unity, Unreal, Crytek, and the
               | like which I would classify as tech, but otherwise, most
               | gaming companies are far more creative-focused much like
               | film.
        
               | nostrademons wrote:
               | Depends on the company. Roblox, Epic, and Wube (Factorio)
               | I'd also classify as tech. Most of the other ones are
               | either driven by gameplay or art, though.
               | 
               | There's a pattern there: Unity, Roblox, Unreal, Crytek,
               | and Epic all build platforms and game engines used by
               | _other_ game developers, so again, you are what you do
               | well enough to sell to people who don 't want to deal
               | with it.
        
         | alberth wrote:
         | Is Telsa then a "tech company" by your definition?
         | 
         | What about Jet.com (pre-Walmart acquisition) that pioneered
         | cheaper shipping / savings by informing users to by substitute
         | products from the data distribution center.
        
           | cletus wrote:
           | Tesla is interesting because even they've described
           | themselves as an energy company masquerading as a car
           | company. Put another way: battery tech is Tesla's core
           | business. They just happen to make cars as a way to sell
           | batteries.
           | 
           | It's a bit like how SpaceX is set to become a major player in
           | regional Internet delivery but you wouldn't call SpaceX an
           | Internet or a networking company. It's just a synergy between
           | Internet as a business and reducing launch costs while
           | proving reliability of first-stage reuse.
           | 
           | I'm tempted to describe both companies as "engineering
           | companies" more than "tech companies". I just looked at Tesla
           | spends a relatively modest (for its size) ~$1.1B on R&D.
           | 
           | So what's the difference? I'd say "tech" is largely about
           | software and "engineering" is largely about hardware.
           | Specifically, both Tesla and SpaceX are capital-intensive
           | businesses where that capital is being used to produce
           | physical products.
           | 
           | To be clear, none of this is official in any way. This is
           | just the framework for how I think about things.
        
             | alberth wrote:
             | Interesting take and I largely agree.
             | 
             | I wonder how Boston Dynamics should be characterized.
        
         | spoonjim wrote:
         | There is probably still a lot more AI/ML work to do at Netflix.
         | For example if you are browsing through standup comedy specials
         | and you see the trailer joke, and you skip to the next one,
         | they know exactly where in the joke that comedian bombed for
         | you. So for other people like you, they can show a different
         | joke from their special, and for you they can build a profile
         | of the kind of humor you like. Then if you start a video and
         | stop it, they can know that the joke they showed as a trailer
         | was not representative of the first impression the comedian
         | gives in the special. etc.
        
           | jakeinspace wrote:
           | I don't see how this example would necessarily benefit me as
           | the content consumer/customer nor Netflix. What if the clips
           | that Netflix learns to show me aren't representative of the
           | entire special, and I'm disappointed? And while Netflix to
           | some extent wants to have me spend time using their service
           | (to ensure I feel like I'm getting value and don't cancel my
           | subscription), watching more things I don't enjoy may not
           | help.
        
           | mulmen wrote:
           | It's an open question if this kind of capability actually has
           | a positive impact on the bottom line.
        
             | cletus wrote:
             | Honestly that's my experience with ML in general. And I
             | know any organization that does a lot of ML has things like
             | backtests and holdouts to supposedly measure impact on key
             | metrics but I've seen too many cases where adding X has a
             | +10% impact in some top line metric and then removing it
             | later (and returning to the initial state) has another 5%
             | increase in that same top line metric.
             | 
             | Maybe we need to revise the famous phrase to: Lies, damned
             | lies, statistics and machine learning.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | spoonjim wrote:
             | They must know whether people encouraged to watch more
             | Netflix actually retain Netflix at higher rates. As their
             | prices have gone up I assume this is becoming a bigger and
             | bigger issue.
        
         | duped wrote:
         | There are numerous "unsolved" problems in VoD - technical,
         | economic, and creative. Netflix and YouTube barely scratch the
         | surface, and traditional multimedia organizations give up and
         | ship what they can on other companies' infrastructure without
         | any technical innovation.
         | 
         | XR and interactive content are the obvious next generation of
         | platform with many technical challenges to overcome. It's
         | hardly solved.
        
           | kbenson wrote:
           | It's solved to the level that additional changes and
           | advancements won't make a major difference to the company as
           | it is right now. Those advancements might end up being a
           | major component later, but someone else could solve that
           | problem and they could license it just about as easily. At
           | this point Netflix is a multimedia company that runs their
           | own infrastructure, not a tech company focused on delivering
           | multimedia.
           | 
           | Netflix could swap out all the underlying tech for someone
           | else's and update their players to use that and nobody would
           | really notice, except possibly for the very few interactive
           | experiences they run. That's why they're not a tech company
           | anymore, they've matured the technology, and so have their
           | competitors, to the point it's a commodity.
        
         | lliamander wrote:
         | I distinguish between _tech_ companies like Adobe, Microsoft
         | and Intel, and _tech-enabled_ companies like Netflix, Amazon
         | (the store part, at least) Facebook. The former actually sells
         | technology (hardware or software) whereas the latter uses
         | technology as a strategic tool in selling something else.
        
         | majormajor wrote:
         | One core problem Netflix is currently trying to solve with tech
         | is "how do we produce hundreds of series/movies concurrently
         | with predictable budgets and predictable performance."
         | 
         | They want to be a tech and data-driven studio.
        
           | fullshark wrote:
           | Doesn't every large mature company basically try to solve
           | this problem, namely predictable revenues and expenses?
        
             | bradknowles wrote:
             | They need predictable revenue GROWTH, not just predictable
             | revenue.
             | 
             | Because if you're not growing, then you're dead. And no one
             | wants to be dead.
             | 
             | This is the fallacy that all big companies seem to fall
             | into, because they try to keep chasing the kind of growth
             | numbers they had when they were small, but of course they
             | can't possibly sustain that level of growth.
        
         | maerF0x0 wrote:
         | > Netflix isn't a tech company anymore
         | 
         | They're still solving some interesting problems like how to
         | watch the same content, in sync, with your friends.
         | Interestingly my gf and I noticed that when we watched NFLX
         | together using a video call to see eachother's faces/commentary
         | our video would skew by noticeable amounts across the span of a
         | movie. (eg even a 0.5% speed difference would give a 3 second
         | skew in 10 minutes, which is enough for one to see someone's
         | reaction to a surprising part of the video differ from your
         | own.
         | 
         | So there are still technical fringes to solve that can value
         | differentiate from late adopters like the channel specific
         | providers like say the ABC app https://abc.com/apps
        
           | jabroni_salad wrote:
           | Is one of you on NTSC and the other PAL? One of them is
           | slightly faster.
        
           | NordSteve wrote:
           | Target and Walmart are still solving some interesting
           | problems around online ordering and fulfillment. Are they
           | tech companies now?
        
             | ozim wrote:
             | I see that is going on with "Metro cash & carry" - while
             | they don't cater to simple consumers but small businesses
             | they start to provide tech services to those small
             | businesses not only supplies.
             | 
             | I can imagine part of Target/Walmart business to be like
             | Amazon so they sell their tech to smaller or local players
             | because they would have loads of knowledge in that specific
             | area of ordering and fulfillment.
             | 
             | It is not counter argument as such - but idea that they
             | could become Amazon competitors in some areas and be tech
             | companies.
        
             | kenhwang wrote:
             | I'd say AWS is what gives Amazon the "tech" credentials,
             | not Amazon.com which Target and Walmart are working on
             | becoming.
        
           | cletus wrote:
           | Co-watching is an interesting space. One I've worked in
           | actually. And yes, I agree it's not "solved".
           | 
           | Amazon has taken a stab at this with a watch party on Twitch.
           | I imagine you could have a private stream and do it that way
           | maybe? Not ideal of course. It's intended for a different use
           | case.
           | 
           | The best options I've seen involve using sites of
           | questionable legality plus Discord.
           | 
           | Your observations of skew are kind of interesting and larger
           | than I would've expected. But I guess this is the video
           | players being built to show you the content not showing you
           | the content at the same time as someone else. Specifically
           | this means no effort is made to "catch up" in case of
           | buffering. You or your GF must have a lot of buffering. This
           | alone surprises me because Netflix's core delivery tech seems
           | to be extremely good. But again, their delivery tech probably
           | isn't built to solve this problem.
           | 
           | Anyway, while that's an unsolved problem it's not core to
           | Netflix's business and that's the key criteria here.
        
             | maerF0x0 wrote:
             | On different hardware how do they synchronize the playback
             | speed? Each device has very different processing
             | environment, so I cant imagine it would be easy to ensure
             | that exact of playback speed. eg maybe one is playing 30
             | frames per second, and the other is playing 29.85 ...
        
               | snovv_crash wrote:
               | Double or drop the occasional frame I guess? Audio is
               | easier to stretch because it is stored as frequency
               | components already.
        
               | ComputerGuru wrote:
               | Audio is easier to stretch but audio should also never be
               | stretched because we are extremely perceptive to it in a
               | way that we aren't with our visual processing abilities.
               | 
               | Video should always be kept in sync with audio and not
               | the other way around. You can freely drop or repeat video
               | frames (within the boundaries of reason) without anyone
               | being able to detect it in a blind test, but audio should
               | not be messed with. This is why when syncing audio and
               | video from different sources during production, the
               | master clock is always the audio.
        
           | charwalker wrote:
           | Plex has offered a watch together solution which seems to
           | work really well for my users. I'm not sure if that is a
           | unique bit of code Netflix put together or one of many decent
           | solutions. I'd guess they need theirs to be the fastest and
           | most efficient though.
        
           | Nullabillity wrote:
           | Syncplay already solved co-watching ages ago, the only
           | remaining issue is streaming platforms like Netflix holding
           | the content hostage.
        
         | tomrod wrote:
         | Tech firm: your product team creates externally used
         | technologies.
         | 
         | Not tech: tech improvements are internal and/or your IT staff
         | is all about maintaining/integrating external products.
         | 
         | IT as cost center versus profit center may be a useful
         | distinction.
        
           | maerF0x0 wrote:
           | but even if the center is profit, is the focus weighted on
           | the technology it uses or just accomplishing the task (and
           | time to market because any median engineer can accomplish
           | this)?
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | > IT as cost center versus profit center may be a useful
           | distinction.
           | 
           | Or perhaps "has a software engineering department".
        
         | BeFlatXIII wrote:
         | > search continues to get better
         | 
         | Many here would dispute this claim. However, it may be that SEO
         | spam has caught up and we're merely at the old equilibrium
         | rather than worse than before the peak of Google usefulness.
        
           | AStrangeMorrow wrote:
           | This might be very anecdotal, but in my case, outside of
           | tech/programming topics, I feel like google results are
           | getting more and more generic. For example, a while back I
           | had some changes in my life and had to fill lots of
           | paperwork. I had various administrative issues regarding 2/3
           | specific forms. When I searched for people that ran into
           | these issues, I found many helpful link/forums etc... Fast
           | forward these past few months, had to fill the same forms and
           | ran into some of the same issues. But now and all I am
           | finding is stuff like links to the forms, links to the
           | administration websites, links to how to fill the form and so
           | on. Maybe it is a SEO issue, but overall I feel like I am
           | struggling more and more to get useful search results to very
           | specific questions. But then again, sample size of 1.
        
             | cletus wrote:
             | Search is one of those areas where I find people have very
             | strong but very subjective opinions for some reason.
             | 
             | It's like every DDG related HN thread _always_ has these
             | comments:
             | 
             | - I moved to DDG X years ago and it's [fine|better than
             | Google]
             | 
             | - I can't find anything on Google anymore
             | 
             | - Here's a search where I didn't find what I want.
             | 
             | It's reached the point that I just immediately tune out
             | whenever someone brings up anecdotes. There just seems to
             | be so much confirmation bias.
             | 
             | I mean no disrespect here. This is generally true.
             | Anecdotes just don't mean anything but for some people tech
             | people love them when it comes to search.
        
         | websap wrote:
         | > serving several thousand VODs and that problem is solved
         | 
         | You're kidding right? You think this problem is solved? Try
         | using HBO.
         | 
         | A tech company is any company that understands it can leverage
         | technology effectively to run a more efficient organization.
         | They treat tech as the way to solve problems rather than
         | throwing people at the problem.
        
           | flerchin wrote:
           | You're kidding right? Netflix, HBO Max, Amazon Prime Instant
           | Video, CBS All-Access, whatever, they all do basically the
           | same thing, and the only differentiator for my parents is the
           | content.
        
             | tomrod wrote:
             | And UI and price.
        
             | burntoutfire wrote:
             | And bugs. Haven't encountered any in Netflix yet, while HBO
             | Go's are annoying.
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | > _any company that understands it can leverage technology
           | effectively to run a more efficient organization._
           | 
           | This feels like too broad of a generalization to be a useful
           | definition. I could make the case any hospital or logistics
           | or <insert business here> is a tech company by this. Tech
           | seems too ubiquitous for this to be an effective definition.
           | 
           | I haven't given it much thought, but maybe "a company with a
           | business moat hinging mostly on its unique technology or
           | ability to use technology" would be a better definition.
           | E.g., Walmart could still be a (less) successful business
           | without an online presence but Amazon couldn't.
        
           | jerf wrote:
           | It's solved by Netflix. Doesn't mean it's solved by anyone
           | else, though there are also quite a few other companies that
           | have it "solved" for their level of usage, even if they
           | couldn't flip the switch tomorrow to become Netflix.
           | 
           | "Solved" also doesn't mean there aren't people maintaining it
           | or working on it or getting woken up at night by pages to
           | keep it going. It just means, they've got a handle on it and
           | when the Netflix executive team meets to discuss the
           | business, they aren't spending much time discussing the
           | question of whether or not they can stream video to their
           | customers.
        
             | cletus wrote:
             | Exactly this.
             | 
             | It doesn't mean there isn't room for improvement. Others
             | have pointed to UI issues, for example. It just means the
             | state of the tech probably isn't the top of mind for the
             | C-team and the board.
        
           | tapoxi wrote:
           | Could you clarify? I subscribe to HBO Max and it works fine.
        
             | cletus wrote:
             | I wonder if that commenter meant HBO Go? HBO tech has had
             | an interesting history.
             | 
             | First came HBO Go. This was the online streaming for those
             | with HBO as part of a standard cable package. Apparently it
             | was built on a .Net stack and had huge problems.
             | 
             | HBO Now is the service created for standalone sales of
             | streaming. Apparently it had a completely different tech
             | stack because of issues with HBO Go. Apparently it came
             | from the same people who did the streaming services for MLB
             | (Major League Baseball)> In my experience it was very good.
             | 
             | HBO Max is the expanded and updated content ecosystem that
             | came with the merger. I don't know what the tech stack here
             | is. I suspect it's just incremental changes to HBO Now but
             | that's just a guess.
             | 
             | Perhaps the commenter was referring to HBO Go's problems as
             | evidence that serving VODs isn't "solved". To clarify, I
             | mean "solved for Netflix".
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | The UI of HBO Max on an Apple TV is entirely befitting of
               | AT&T - it makes me want to watch anything else because of
               | how bad scrolling is because they insist on using their
               | own crapware instead of the platform-native software.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | Chalk up DirectTV NOW/ATT TV/DirectTV Stream (all the
               | same product) as a victim of that too. Scroll
               | interactions take multiple seconds to register, click
               | activates elements other than the one indicated as
               | selected by the UI, just an overall shitshow.
               | 
               | But they're the only OTT streamer that carries the Lakers
               | and Dodgers channels, so alas...
        
               | bradknowles wrote:
               | Oh, if only I could outright kill all sports channels and
               | sports content.
               | 
               | Or at least permanently hide all sports-related content
               | on all devices I own.
               | 
               | I pay for the Hulu+/Disney+ combo that does not include
               | ESPN, because I don't want to pay for ESPN. Even if that
               | triple combo was cheaper, I'd still pay for the combo
               | that doesn't include ESPN.
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | This is the marketing equivalent of a leaky abstraction.
        
               | southphillyman wrote:
               | HBO Max performance seems to be platform/tv dependent. It
               | works fine on my Ipad but is absolutely dreadful on my
               | Samsung televisions. Super slow and crashes every single
               | time when viewing content that is 30+ minutes.
        
       | Areading314 wrote:
       | We should stop thinking in terms of "tech companies" and think of
       | them in terms of "companies that use tech with a high degree of
       | success". Ultimately any company that makes money is not a tech
       | company because pure technology on its own does not make a
       | business. Also, with the right incentives and management it is
       | possible, although hard, for legacy companies to start using tech
       | better to compete.
        
         | wpietri wrote:
         | I think it's still a useful category, but we need to be careful
         | with it, because "tech" is a moving target that only includes
         | what's novel.
         | 
         | As an example, pencils are an excellent technology for writing.
         | (Petroski's "The Pencil" and "The Evolution of Useful Things"
         | are great reads on how much innovation it takes to make
         | something mundane.) But Faber-Castell is definitely not a tech
         | company. Similarly, ~100 years ago, electricity was novel.
         | Fortunes were made starting and investing in electricity and
         | electrical-adjacent companies. Now it's mundane.
         | 
         | Dealing with novel technology requires different skills. Both
         | for the specific technology involved and for wrangling things
         | that are less well understood and keep changing. A good example
         | is the IT department and what they are and aren't responsible
         | for. The breakroom toaster? Nope. The breakroom wifi? Yup. The
         | breakroom TV? Well, that depends.
         | 
         | For me the useful dividing line for "tech company" is where
         | novel, volatile technology is at the heart of their business
         | and vital to their success. That doesn't last. And indeed, the
         | markets have been too generous about pretending certain things
         | are tech companies. Most notably, WeWork, but I'm sure here
         | folks here can name plenty more.
        
         | 3np wrote:
         | How about TSMC, Intel, Dell, or Microsoft? I don't see the
         | usefulness in arguing that running a successful business means
         | it can't be a tech company.
        
         | abeppu wrote:
         | > Ultimately any company that makes money is not a tech company
         | because pure technology on its own does not make a business.
         | 
         | Making money is what the _company_ part of "tech company" is
         | about ... right?
         | 
         | It sounds like you want to imagine a world where making tech
         | for non-business purposes is more normalized. I also want to
         | live in that world. But I think perhaps we're so far into a
         | world where tech to be used by an open audience (as vs e.g.
         | secret defense tech) is entirely the province of for-profit
         | enterprises that people have ceased to consider that the
         | players in tech need not be companies.
        
         | hyperpallium2 wrote:
         | A 'tech company' is that is internally built of software, so it
         | is (theoretically) as easy to evolve as software - which is not
         | that easy, except compared with anything else. So, amazon,
         | stripe, airbnb, uber, reddit, github etc. Perhaps a bit like
         | when companies started to be built around the new-fangled
         | telephone instead of telegrams and dictated letters. More
         | responsive and free-form.
         | 
         | This does not guarantee a strong competitive opportunity, nor
         | strong execution - but it makes it possible for the benefits of
         | IT to be realized.
         | 
         | Actually, there are several legitimate definitions of 'tech
         | company', this is just a relevant one today that is significant
         | long-term.
        
           | 3np wrote:
           | Why limit it to software? Manufacturing technological
           | hardware makes you a tech company for any meaningful
           | definition of the word, no?
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > A 'tech company' is that is internally built of software,
           | 
           | Aside from weird blockchain entities, this doesn't exist.
           | Companies may use software, but they are made of people.
        
         | dralley wrote:
         | I agree. What most HN commenters seem to really mean when they
         | say "technology" is "consumer software", or more cynically,
         | "company is made of mostly software engineers".
         | 
         | There is an incredible amount of advanced technology being
         | created and used by more "traditional" industries like
         | manufacturing, aerospace, or animation.
         | 
         | Why should Facebook be considered a technology company but not
         | Pixar, Ratheon, General Dynamics, Corning or TSMC? It makes
         | zero sense and relies on a very self-serving definition of
         | "technology".
        
           | samhw wrote:
           | > company is made of mostly software engineers
           | 
           | This hits the nail on the head. If you dig down into it, this
           | almost always aligns with the companies people describe as
           | 'tech companies'.
        
             | desas wrote:
             | Uber is mostly made of drivers, yet is considered a tech
             | company. (I'm aware drivers are not technically employees).
             | 
             | Maybe it's more to do with the strategy of the company.
        
         | mikeryan wrote:
         | This whole argument seems a silly bit of semantics. Is a
         | company's product is not "technology" a tech company?
         | 
         | For the vast majority of companies technology is tool, not the
         | product, but whether you call them a "tech company" seems a
         | silly game. I'd think pretty much all companies are "tech
         | companies" and the better you are at using those tools can
         | provide a competitive advantage.
        
         | chipotle_coyote wrote:
         | > Ultimately any company that makes money is not a tech company
         | because pure technology on its own does not make a business.
         | 
         | "X makes money, therefore they are not a tech company" seems
         | rather oversimplified in the same way "X is a tech company" is
         | oversimplified. Actually, it seems oversimplified to the point
         | of maybe not being so useful.
         | 
         | I think the way most people would define "tech company," if
         | they were pressed to offer a definition, is that a tech company
         | is one that derives the bulk of their revenue from selling
         | technological goods and services, rather than using technology
         | as the means to sell other goods and services. There's no way
         | to keep that definition from being somewhat fuzzy, but if I say
         | "Dell is a technology company and Cadbury is not," I don't
         | think people will really object to that unless they're trying
         | to be pedantically clever about it: Cadbury may use technology
         | in all sorts of clever ways to manufacture chocolates and get
         | them to retail shelves, but they're selling you chocolates.
         | 
         | There are obviously companies that complicate this by having
         | multiple divisions with different kinds of revenue streams --
         | Amazon and Apple both come to mind immediately -- but Netflix
         | really isn't one of them. What they do requires a lot of
         | _focus_ on their technology, and from the perspective of
         | someone perusing their job listings it 's very easy to think of
         | them as "a tech company." But what they're ultimately selling
         | is access to their content.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | To me "tech company" also usually implies that the company
           | has replaced some older thing with a newer technological
           | solution. I think that's why Netflix intuitively feels like a
           | tech company, even though all the other TV/movie home
           | distribution companies (cable TV, satellite TV, pay per view,
           | even physical media sales/rental, etc.) have always used
           | advanced technology. Netflix is just the company that's most
           | famously associated with the introduction of the newest
           | mainstream technology for distributing TV and movies:
           | Internet VOD.
        
           | bcrosby95 wrote:
           | Most people wouldn't consider car companies tech companies,
           | but they definitely do R&D and directly sell the technology
           | that results from that inside their cars.
           | 
           | Probably because people don't even have a good definition of
           | "tech". Everything we use is tech. Even books. Some of it is
           | old, some of it is new. But people's definition of tech
           | mostly centers around when they were born.
           | 
           | As a software developer, I mostly care if a company considers
           | their software a competitive advantage. Because they're more
           | likely to treat me well. This is also similar to how I tend
           | to define tech companies: companies that view tech as a
           | _competitive advantage_. So they aren 't just buying stuff
           | off the shelf - they're figuring things out in house,
           | regardless of what they sell.
        
             | auggierose wrote:
             | Everybody I know considers a car company a tech company. I
             | think there exists a strange Silicon Valley definition of
             | tech out there. But maybe my German bias shows. I mean,
             | most of the stuff in SV barely qualifies as tech.
        
               | bluetomcat wrote:
               | The SV definition of tech leans towards "a user-centric
               | service delivered over the web, with some clever software
               | solutions behind it to handle a lot of data and users".
        
               | rileymat2 wrote:
               | I thought the definition was more about scaling because
               | of the near zero incremental cost of servicing another
               | customer. But using some sort of tech as the product.
               | 
               | Other industries also exhibit this, like media.
               | 
               | And that is what differs an auto company from a Google.
               | The next car sold still has significant capital
               | investment.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | > Everybody I know considers a car company a tech company
               | 
               | I have never heard that. Car companies are mostly
               | manufacturing, that is the major part of their
               | organizations and what drives their decisions. They have
               | big engineering teams, but they have way bigger teams
               | working at factories. If you had a company just creating
               | car designs and selling those to manufacturing companies
               | it would be a tech company, but the current ones aren't.
        
               | auggierose wrote:
               | Audi. Vorsprung durch Technik.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | I don't doubt they were tech companies 80 years ago when
               | things were new and creating new tech was more important.
               | However I don't think that Google or Facebook or
               | Microsoft will be tech companies in 50 years either, its
               | just the nature of having a field being mostly explored
               | and companies being in maintenance mode since there isn't
               | much else they can do.
        
               | burntoutfire wrote:
               | For some weird reason, "tech" means "consumer software
               | /SaaS". So, Trello or Yelp is tech, while lasers in space
               | are not tech.
        
             | jdsully wrote:
             | Cars have been in the small incremental improvement camp
             | for decades which is why they're not considered tech. Tesla
             | is the outlier because they are pushing a revolutionary
             | change not just incremental ICE improvements and are valued
             | as such on the stock market.
             | 
             | Auto makers could turn into tech companies again but their
             | risk tolerance has to be turned way up.
        
             | nonameiguess wrote:
             | The history of the word "tech" as an industry sector is
             | that it has been used to refer to computing technology, but
             | cars are certainly a technology more broadly understood.
             | 
             | But we probably should just stick to industry standard
             | jargon. Lockheed and Boeing are definitely technology
             | companies, but not "tech" companies, although that is even
             | further complicated in that they do sell computing hardware
             | and software products, not just airplanes and missiles.
             | 
             | Netflix unambiguously only sells entertainment, though.
             | They use an app and a website as a delivery mechanism, but
             | the app isn't the product.
             | 
             | Also, as much as the emphasis on hacker news is think of
             | employment by Netflix as being an engineer for Netflix,
             | engineers are very far from the highest paid contracts. No
             | engineer is getting the $500 million deals Netflix hands
             | out to Shonda Rhimes and Benioff and Weiss. Netflix itself
             | recognizes content is king here.
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | > _a tech company is one that derives the bulk of their
           | revenue from selling technological goods and services_
           | 
           | How would you define pre-AWS Amazon? It doesn't seem to meet
           | this definition, yet I think most would still consider them
           | to have been a tech company
        
           | wffurr wrote:
           | There's a third category that you're missing, and it's where
           | the definition gets real blurry.
           | 
           | There are companies that effectively use technology to
           | outcompete (or "disrupt") incumbent companies in a market.
           | Amazon in retail, Netflix in media, Craigslist for
           | classifieds, Uber for taxis, etc.
           | 
           | It seems as if many existing companies, like Cadbury's
           | perhaps, aren't able to effectively re-work their business
           | models with the new possibilities available via tech. Thus
           | they're "non-tech" companies even if they do make some modest
           | use of technology, but ultimately their business model
           | predates tech.
           | 
           | "Tech" companies in this space are the ones creating or
           | adopting brand new business models in an existing space
           | enabled by technology. This is the "software eating the
           | world" part of the tech market.
        
             | neogodless wrote:
             | I really like the focus on strategy (or tools) rather than
             | trying to label the company itself.
             | 
             | Across many industries, especially in the past several
             | decades, companies have used (modern) technology to
             | compete, and the successful ones grew and gained
             | recognition for good application of technology.
             | 
             | Google, at the core, doesn't sell technology to consumers.
             | They help people find and share information. (Yes, they
             | sell consumer products that have evolved in the technology
             | age, and we often call a phone or a modern speaker
             | "technology.")
             | 
             | Apple is a consumer products company. Microsoft is (by
             | revenue share) an enterprise solutions company. (This
             | includes software, hosting, APIs, etc - all technology.)
             | 
             | As sibling comments have pointed out, from the beginning of
             | their existence, automotive companies took the newest
             | technology (initially motorized transport!) and used it to
             | sell personal transport to consumers. Technology is in
             | almost everything sold (except when it clearly isn't...
             | food, most clothing, some services) or it's used behind the
             | scenes.
             | 
             | Overall, what value do we get from trying to draw a line
             | between technology company, and "not" a technology company?
             | Netflix by itself doesn't really try to sell you
             | technology, and yet they were instrumental in selling smart
             | TVs and streaming boxes.
             | 
             | Do we want to know as prospective employees? Knowing if we
             | are cost centers or profit centers?
        
             | nonameiguess wrote:
             | We used to have a better word for companies doing things
             | like the Amazon Marketplace: eCommerce. But now that AWS is
             | most of their business, they're "tech" because cloud
             | infrastructure is a computing technology they directly
             | sell.
        
             | omarhaneef wrote:
             | I like this definition, but I think it should be associated
             | with a strategy rather than a company.
             | 
             | So Netflix is using a tech strategy, but it won't forever
             | be a tech company.
             | 
             | As the particular technology a company deploys becomes
             | widespread, then everyone will deploy it and it will no
             | longer be a tech company.
             | 
             | To put it another way: Netflix was not a tech company when
             | it launched and was mailing DVDs, it became a tech company
             | when it started its streaming service, and as other
             | companies also launch streaming services, it won't be a
             | technology company in the future.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | comeonseriously wrote:
           | > but if I say "Dell is a technology company and Cadbury is
           | not," I don't think people will really object to that unless
           | they're trying to be pedantically clever about it
           | 
           | Such as if you were to ask people, "which is the tech
           | company, Apple or Ford?", most would choose Apple, choosing
           | to call Ford, instead, a "car company".
        
           | munk-a wrote:
           | Is Dell really a tech company though? Does selling computing
           | hardware really count as tech these days since Apple would
           | definitely end up being a tech company under that definition
           | - even with all the other revenue streams it has I think
           | being one of the largest manufacturers of computing hardware
           | would automatically qualify them.
           | 
           | I personally consider "tech companies" to be companies with
           | tech I find interesting to think about - Netflix definitely
           | qualifies under that header, Apple does too owing to
           | producing a huge operating system, Amazon not only has AWS
           | services on offer but they also run a storefront of a
           | staggering scale and were pioneers in how storefronts like
           | that were discovered... Dell - Dell might get grandfathered
           | in as a tech company based on how they were earlyish into the
           | market of web-based computer sales (ala "Dude you're getting
           | a Dell" days) but now a days I assume their tech stack is a
           | pretty ornery customized CMS like thing with a relatively
           | simple order processing system behind it.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | I'm confused by how at the very end of your comment you
             | seemingly switch to only considering the tech stack of a
             | company's online ordering system, which seems to me to be
             | always completely irrelevant to whether a company would be
             | considered a "tech company."
        
               | detaro wrote:
               | It's in the context of the first half of the sentence: If
               | "online ordering being interesting" was what made Dell
               | relevant, then the fact that it isn't interesting today
               | is relevant.
        
             | parasubvert wrote:
             | Dell takes in a $94 billion dollars in annual revenue
             | across several lines of business and is the 4th biggest
             | "tech" company by revenue after Apple, Microsoft, and
             | Alphabet. Facebook is 5th ("tech"?), then Intel, IBM, HP,
             | Cisco.
             | 
             | Only half of that revenue is from "Dude you're getting a
             | Dell" - PC (and network / peripheral) sales. DellEMC
             | (mostly enterprise storage or hyperconverged hardware and
             | software) top line is $35 billion or so of that number. The
             | rest is VMware and other software / services.
             | 
             | Simple order processing it is not, it's like saying a
             | Google is "just search and ads". Somewhat true, but misses
             | a lot.
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | Suggesting Dell is just a customized CMS thing is like
             | saying Netflix is just an account registration tool.
             | They're not just reselling equipment designed and made by
             | other companies, they actually make a ton of things as in
             | making actually new technologies. Maybe not things _you_
             | touch on a day to day basis, but they make tons of things
             | nonetheless.
        
             | burntoutfire wrote:
             | Apple is not manufacturing any computers, only designing
             | and marketing them. Foxconn et all is manufacturing the
             | Apple-branded computers.
        
           | philipov wrote:
           | I like this definition, but I think it breaks down even if
           | you're not trying to be clever. AWS is a tech company. Amazon
           | is not a tech company, it's a retail store. But AWS isn't
           | actually an independent company, it's just a division of
           | Amazon. So we've got a retail store hiding a massive tech
           | company because the retail store is even more massive.
           | 
           | I think this is less a flaw of the definition and more a sign
           | that Amazon should be broken apart and AWS spun off as an
           | independent company.
        
             | phil_e_delphian wrote:
             | I generally agree with you here, since it _seems_ like
             | "tech" or "not tech" should be based on services actually
             | provided (ie selling physical books online isn't really
             | tech).
             | 
             | Except, many of these companies have a second, b2b service
             | that they're cultivating as a goal unto itself: customer
             | attribution, identification, aggregation, etc. Companies
             | like goPuff (or Amazon, but Amazon has a hand in everything
             | so is more complicated for this example) have a core "not
             | really tech" service of online ordering of human-delivered
             | goods, but they are actively working to turn all of those
             | engagement/sales/preferences info into a packaged product
             | they can sell to brands and marketing companies, which is
             | at its core, data aggregation and analytics as a
             | service...so "kinda tech"?
        
         | mbesto wrote:
         | I'll just copy and paste my response from before because this
         | comes up often:
         | 
         |  _there is no real definition of a "tech company" or "tech
         | industry", the word "tech" defines the operating model. This is
         | the dirty little secret VCs don't like to tell you because it
         | means they can call Tesla a tech company (its a car and battery
         | manufacturer) to fetch tech-like valuations or Facebook a tech
         | company (its a media company). Tech operating models typically
         | net high gross margins (i.e. Facebook) which is one of its
         | major defining characteristics.
         | 
         | I therefore posit there is no such thing as a "tech industry",
         | but rather businesses that sit on a spectrum of operating
         | models from:
         | 
         | - Back office IT supported
         | 
         | - Tech enabled
         | 
         | - Tech Led_
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27693634
        
         | wcunning wrote:
         | How would you compare GM and Tesla using this framework?
         | They're both very tech dependent given the impact of the chip
         | shortage and electric car manufacture, but one is certainly
         | more "novel." I'm honestly not sure where I would come out, but
         | I think it's a good point of comparison for the framework as a
         | result.
        
           | SkipperCat wrote:
           | Both of them are tech companies. One in battery and AI/ML
           | self driving software, the other in supply chain management.
        
           | gitfan86 wrote:
           | Tesla is an engineering based company. GM is a MBA based
           | company.
           | 
           | It isn't that Tesla has no MBAs on staff or the GM has no
           | engineers on staff. But a culture that leverages engineering
           | culture can iterate and reinvent itself and include new
           | technologies faster than one who is focused on management
           | metrics.
           | 
           | I'm not saying that MBAs are bad, there are plenty of
           | companies that went way to heavy on hiring engineers and went
           | bankrupt before their business plan was viable.
        
         | Buttons840 wrote:
         | I was thinking the same, but you said it better.
         | 
         | How many "non-tech companies" are non-tech companies simply
         | because they're too disfunctional to use technology
         | effectively? Think of your bank with its shitty password rules,
         | only offering 2FA using SMS, and no useful APIs; that's a non-
         | tech company. They either aren't aware of their lackluster
         | technology, or are unable to organize themselves well enough to
         | improve it.
        
           | tempest_ wrote:
           | I think it is pretty easy to define tech company.
           | 
           | Is the IT/Software Dev a profit center or a cost center, easy
           | as that.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | What about companies that aren't remotely profitable at
             | all? Isn't that a huge portion of notable tech companies?
        
               | tomrod wrote:
               | Better term would probably be revenue driver, which is
               | typically what is meant by "profit center." In other
               | words, IT brings sales contracts through the door.
        
               | burntoutfire wrote:
               | For banks, online banking is a huge driver of business.
               | Some banks have even started claiming (I suspect mostly
               | for recruiting purposes) that they are "in tech sector".
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | Similar Point: "Hedge" and "Edge" share a lot of letters and
           | semantics. If you are really good at dealing with tail risk
           | (Pandemics, perhaps...) this not only allows you to rugged-
           | ize and preserve your internals structures and practices in
           | extreme circumstances but also potentially _massively_
           | outcompete your competitors.
           | 
           | For a modern information-centric company, what does that
           | mean? Get the technology right. Pay some smart people to get
           | your internals ship-shape and reproducible, for example.
        
           | browningstreet wrote:
           | Banks are run by the bankers and the tech team is typically
           | very second fiddle. I work in fin tech.
        
             | barbecue_sauce wrote:
             | Isn't that his point?
        
             | jcims wrote:
             | This varies greatly by size and age of the bank.
        
           | MattGaiser wrote:
           | Or just have customers who mostly can't grasp authenticators.
           | A friend worked for a company that implemented 2FA with the
           | authenticator app. They removed it in a day as it ground the
           | company to a halt.
        
           | thedougd wrote:
           | I also tend to think the distinction is related to
           | compartmentalizing all technical activities into an IT
           | suborganization. A tech company performs all these activities
           | as a matter of the regular course of business, within the
           | lines of business organizations. A bank would have a
           | dedicated IT organization, a few layers of 'governance' and
           | human orchestrators to slow down your builders, and you get
           | all the dysfunction you describe.
        
           | jcims wrote:
           | Large banks have an entire universe of challenges that don't
           | impact firms like Netflix or Google. I've worked with enough
           | of them and seen many high speed engineering folks from FAANG
           | companies flounder for months as they try to recalibrate for
           | the highly regulated environments.
           | 
           | I'm not saying banks are great at tech, because on any
           | individual metric it would be really hard to find an example
           | of where they lead, but they (and other highly regulated
           | industries) have a lot more to solve for along the way.
        
         | randomdata wrote:
         | I imagine all successful companies use some kind of tech to a
         | high degree of success. That tech may not necessarily be
         | computer-based.
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | >> Ultimately any company that makes money is not a tech
         | company because pure technology on its own does not make a
         | business.
         | 
         | What is Microsoft then? What is Apple?
         | 
         | Google I can accept as some kind of service provider and
         | advertising company that uses a lot of tech. Amazon as well.
        
         | SkipperCat wrote:
         | What about companies that use tech to make tech and that people
         | buy to incorporate into their tech? GitLab, Atlassian,
         | 1Password and others. No physical products, just tech for your
         | tech so you can make more tech.
        
         | xtracto wrote:
         | For me a tech company is one that sales APIs, SDKs or similar
         | products. I was in 3 "tech" startups before that were both b2c
         | and b2b. Their product was perpendicular to their technology
         | (one video-tech 2 Fintech) my current company's product is a
         | set of APIs. It means that the features that we sell ARE the
         | technology, instead of some footnote that buyers send to their
         | nerd department to make sure it checks a box.
         | 
         | Needless to say, the difference on how the tech team is valued
         | is night and day between this last one and all the others.
        
         | stumpedonalog wrote:
         | Yeah my idea of what a tech company is: a company who is
         | product first and that product is digital.
        
         | rvz wrote:
         | > Ultimately any company that makes money is not a tech company
         | because pure technology on its own does not make a business.
         | 
         | So Intel, TSMC, Nvidia are not tech companies?
        
       | jefb wrote:
       | Netflix is absolutely a tech company. Everyone wants to be "tech"
       | because the valuation multiples are higher due to non-linear
       | revenue potential per unit invested. That's pretty much what a
       | "tech" company means today - the cost of acquiring user 1 might
       | be millions, but user 2 is pennies. The only way to push those
       | user n+1 costs so low is with heavy tech automation, which
       | Netflix et al. has in spades.
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | When I worked at Yahoo back in the mid-2000s one of the most
       | depressing internal messages was the idea that "we're not a tech
       | company, we're a media company" - while Google were running
       | circles around us on basically every front.
        
       | PieUser wrote:
       | Yes they are.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | nostrademons wrote:
       | This gets complicated though. Is AirBnB a tech company? A simple
       | analogy to the article would suggest no, AirBnB is a hotel
       | company.
       | 
       | However, the actual "hotels" are owned and operated by AirBnB
       | hosts, and AirBnB does not derive significant competitive
       | advantage from the quality of their administration, beyond the
       | value of having a large number of hosts on the platform. AirBnB
       | is fundamentally an _information_ company. Its real competitive
       | advantage is that it owns the channel to the customer, it has a
       | really good search function, and it also owns all the data that
       | makes up reputation-management system that 's critical to good
       | hotel reservations. These are all tech areas; AirBnB can afford
       | to lose a bunch of venues, even really good venues, but if it
       | loses the review database a good portion of its competitive
       | advantage goes away.
       | 
       | There was a time when lots of people believed Netflix's key
       | competitive advantage was the recommendation algorithm and
       | viewing history. I'm not certain we're in that world anymore -
       | Netflix seems to care a lot more about content than
       | recommendations these days - but I can see why Netflix would've
       | been considered a tech company back then.
        
       | ycomb9 wrote:
       | I think almost every company is a tech company in some ways. Tech
       | enables them and has moved on from a concept of being a cost
       | center to revenue enabler. Also tech resources are likely the
       | most expensive resources as well.
        
       | robertlagrant wrote:
       | > The tech has to be good - but, it's still all about the TV. If
       | Netflix was only showing reruns of Frasier and Ally McBeal no-one
       | would have signed up
       | 
       | I think this is always a bit of a silly argument. If Netflix was
       | showing everything, but the tech was terrible, no one would've
       | signed up. You need both.
        
         | Mikeb85 wrote:
         | Netflix wasn't the first service to show TV online. Others
         | didn't catch on because the tech WAS terrible. That's why we
         | all would stream torrents before. Netflix's promise was
         | convenience at a good price and it definitely came down to the
         | tech.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | Especially when you consider before netflix made content and
         | first got its subscribers, it was just showing reruns of shows
         | like Frasier. Cheaper to get through a box set on a netflix
         | subscription than at the video store.
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | Maybe I am just getting older, but I would pay for a service
         | that simply showed reruns of my favorite shows (including
         | Frasier). That is 99% of what I watch anyway nowadays, just
         | from my NAS.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ses1984 wrote:
         | The tech isn't just content delivery. It's also extracting
         | useful information out of their customers' habits so they know
         | what to license, what to renew, how much to pay for it, etc.
        
           | travoc wrote:
           | Is that what's happening? Because it seems like they're still
           | funding an awful lot of flops to find a couple of successes.
        
             | ses1984 wrote:
             | They're not optimizing for fewer flops, they're optimizing
             | to attain and retain subscribers for the least amount of
             | money. If that means 20 flops for every success, who cares?
        
         | hardwaregeek wrote:
         | I'd disagree considering there's more than a few streaming
         | platforms with sub-par tech. Hulu is quite buggy, as is HBO
         | Max. Criterion Channel is literally just Vimeo and didn't even
         | have working closed captioning until recently.
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | Delivering streaming content at all is pretty remarkable.
        
           | 1123581321 wrote:
           | Hulu is technically quite good and Criterion is a failing
           | service (< 100k subs)--but regardless, technical evaluations
           | need to be made relative to missing would-be subscribers and
           | expectations relative to library size, market size, brand
           | value and marketing budget.
        
         | fedreserved wrote:
         | So long as your not getting spammed with ads and viruses people
         | will jump through almost any hoop to watch something online
         | short of paying
        
         | soneca wrote:
         | I disagree. The HBOGO app used to have pretty poor tech. It
         | would logout with no reason, forget where I was in the show,
         | sometimes freeze requiring to close and open the app multiple
         | times, have problems with Chromecast. Still, I wanted to see
         | GoT
        
           | ajford wrote:
           | I mean, I have Paramount, Hulu, and HBO subscriptions, but
           | I'm far more likely to fly the black flag and watch it from
           | my Plex server instead of their apps due to how painful those
           | apps are to use.
           | 
           | If I was a little less honest, it would be easy to skip
           | paying the subscription entirely. I generally use their apps
           | now to find and try new shows, then download them to Plex
           | once I know I like a show (so I'm not burning bandwidth
           | fetching shows I'm not gonna watch).
        
             | plandis wrote:
             | This is fair but is your average person setting up plex
             | servers? My guess is no.
        
               | ajford wrote:
               | No, but my tech-illiterate father is now setting up fire
               | TV sticks with Kodi and plugins using Youtube guides for
               | him and my step-siblings.
               | 
               | The whole "are the normies capable of this" argument has
               | turned into an arms-race against Youtube/FB for easy
               | setup guides.
               | 
               | That said, yes, the number of people they'd loose over
               | shitty interfaces is probably kinda small, but I'd argue
               | that as guides, youtube vids, and even all-in-one
               | seedboxes become more available, that population is gonna
               | grow. All it takes is some streamer to lay out the
               | current process.
        
             | Benji_San wrote:
             | Yeah I kind of agree, Netflix still seems to be the only
             | streaming service that actually offers a better service
             | than just pirating the content and watching it through Kodi
             | or Plex. There is always some minor or major technical
             | issue or missing feature with every other streaming service
             | I've tried except Netflix.
        
         | djanogo wrote:
         | Once the tech gets good enough to show tiles on all platforms
         | and distribute the content to edges efficiently what "new tech"
         | does Netflix need quarter over quarter?
        
         | subpixel wrote:
         | As a counterexample, the tech and design behind remote controls
         | was, for a decade or more, abysmal.
         | 
         | I am willing to bet that this had zero impact on cable
         | subscriptions.
        
       | OneEyedRobot wrote:
       | I'm probably wrong here, but it seems to me that storage is
       | practically cheap enough (not quite) that Netflix could simply
       | send out a drive with their whole library and then a membership
       | gives you access codes.
       | 
       | Send out a new drive per year.
       | 
       | Do they really only have 4,000 movies in the US?
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | I doubt my subscription would cover the cost of that drive
         | every year, even if I wanted to wait 12 months for new content!
        
           | OneEyedRobot wrote:
           | Imagine how small the drive would be if it just had 'things I
           | might ever watch'.
           | 
           | The size for 100% isn't even that big given a few iterations
           | of storage tech.
           | 
           | I'm just blown away by how little Netflix really gives you.
           | Given the push to internally-financed programming they've
           | basically become a production company with streaming bolted
           | onto the back end. Their market cap is kind of a joke.
        
       | bloak wrote:
       | As I understand it, the category "tech" was invented by stock
       | traders. The applicable definition of "tech" company is a company
       | whose share price movements correlate with the share price
       | movements of other "tech" companies, which in turn tends to
       | depend on how stock traders view the company, so the definition
       | is circular in at least two ways. But it's probably still a
       | useful concept. For stock traders.
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | While you can make that argument today, Netflix as a company is
       | 24 years old. It got to its current position not by spending
       | $15B/yr on original content (which it can afford to do now) but
       | purely based on a superior and novel tech experience for its
       | users.
       | 
       | Of course eventually all discussions of this nature devolve into
       | the intricate definition of "tech company", and in the absence of
       | one that is agreed upon, bringing this whole thing up is
       | pointless.
        
         | omegalulw wrote:
         | > but purely based on a superior and novel tech experience for
         | its users.
         | 
         | I mean they were the pioneers in offering tv and movies via
         | streaming. The tech is really not that dramatic.
         | 
         | You can think of streaming tech in three parts: video quality,
         | recommendations and UI.
         | 
         | Arguably video quality is the most important, but other
         | platforms have already offer similar/better quality (albeit a
         | lil more data).
         | 
         | Their recommendations and UI are better than others but I
         | honestly don't care about these two as they are still not good
         | enough for me to discover content I would want to watch, for
         | that I still have to go to reddit/curated articles.
         | 
         | So I would say Netflix's contribution was more in pioneering tv
         | streaming as opposed to tech. They are now competing mostly in
         | terms of their originals, so I would label them more like
         | Disney/HBO rather than tech.
        
         | tnzk wrote:
         | Definitely. The title of OP should be 'Netflix is no longer a
         | tech company' or so.
        
         | sfink wrote:
         | Right. It started as a shipping service company that
         | specialized exclusively in DVDs.
        
         | eslaught wrote:
         | Perhaps Netflix has shifted. In the beginning, I think you
         | could have made a good argument that technology was their moat,
         | but I don't think you can say so today.
         | 
         | Today, their best attempt at a moat is content, and it's a poor
         | one at best since they can only make so much original content
         | and it's not as if they can do so in a way that is inaccessible
         | to other services.
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | Content for them seems a desperate attempt at countering deep
           | content firms' moats, who can now build streaming services
           | copycatting Netflix.
        
         | pmoleri wrote:
         | I disagree, I think getting the license to stream the content
         | is a much more difficult problem than the technology to stream
         | it.
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | Only once each of the thousands of impossible problems that
           | need solving in order to stream reliably have been solved.
           | 
           | That's the problem with software. It solves problems so well
           | they stay solved, and only constructed problems such as IP
           | ownership remain.
        
         | saalweachter wrote:
         | Eh, as a user Netflix original content is a large part of why I
         | still have a subscription.
         | 
         | I used Netflix back when it was mailing me DVDs, and loved the
         | online streaming back in the halcyon days when it seemed like
         | they had _everything_.
         | 
         | Then came the dark days when content owners began pulling their
         | IP from Netflix and scattering it all over the internet behind
         | a dozen different options that offered them more money or
         | control, and Netflix was a barren wasteland without anything
         | that caught my eye; my queue was a variety of B-tier series
         | that I tried a few episodes of and gave up on.
         | 
         | So I canceled my subscription, for several years. It didn't
         | matter what their UX or uptime was or how smooth their video
         | codecs, they didn't have enough content I wanted to watch.
         | 
         | Then I came back for the original content -- I forget which
         | series first made me sign back up; House of Cards? -- and while
         | I watch licensed content on Netflix from time to time, at least
         | half of what I watch is produced by Netflix.
        
           | musingsole wrote:
           | > It didn't matter what their UX or uptime was or how smooth
           | their video codecs, they didn't have enough content I wanted
           | to watch.
           | 
           | Netflix has developed a novel data system (as evidenced by
           | papermill) that is likely responsible for countless decisions
           | that manifested the content which brought you back. I don't
           | know first hand but I suspect data is integrated into their
           | everyday processes in ways most companies can't even dream
           | of. Does that make them a technology company again?
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | This is a little bit hyperbole don't you think? I think
             | companies with means these days just invest in this sort of
             | technology because that's what you do in business now.
             | Target is a department store but I wouldn't be surprised to
             | learn they are hiring pure machine learning researchers too
             | and doing remarkable things with data as well, same goes
             | for any large company. 60 years ago you had large companies
             | operating complex switchboards in their offices but you
             | would never call these businesses telephone companies even
             | though they operated their own internal telephone network.
             | That sort of technology was just a tool of the trade, just
             | like data science is now for large companies. I wouldn't
             | call netflix a technology company when literally every
             | large video production company is investing in the same
             | things and trying to hire the same sort of talent, and you
             | wouldn't call MGM or warner brothers a technology company
             | either.
        
             | saalweachter wrote:
             | And Disney/Pixar is constantly pushing the bleeding edge of
             | computer animation and CGI special effects. Is Disney a
             | technology company?
        
               | mattkrause wrote:
               | Disney's research divisions do a lot of really cool
               | stuff:
               | 
               | - https://studios.disneyresearch.com/publications/
               | 
               | - https://la.disneyresearch.com/publication/
        
               | makeitdouble wrote:
               | As much as I am not a fan of Disney, I think they are.
               | 
               | Even outside of movies they have significant care to
               | innovate and push the boundaries, for instance in theme
               | park animatronics or toys in general.
        
         | lmkg wrote:
         | I was going to say something similar. It's inarguable that they
         | _were_ a tech company, when they pioneered streaming delivery
         | for existing video content. Their tech platform was their
         | primary differentiator to competitors for a number of years.
         | 
         | Whether they are _currently_ a tech company is a bit fuzzier.
         | Certainly they new have content as an additional
         | differentiator, and the margin of their tech advantage has
         | narrowed.
        
           | drewg123 wrote:
           | I think we have a large advantage in the CDN space, both in
           | integration and efficiency.
           | 
           | In terms of efficiency, we've been serving at 100Gb/s (mostly
           | TLS encrypted) from single socket servers since 2017, and are
           | moving towards 400Gb/s today. How many other companies can
           | say that?
           | 
           | I'm talking about the push to 400Gb/s at EuroBSDCon online, a
           | week from Sunday..
        
             | treis wrote:
             | But that mostly doesn't matter. The consumer doesn't care
             | if their movies are coming from a server handling 10Gb/s or
             | 100 Gb/s or 400 Gb/s. There's cost savings there, but I
             | imagine that content costs dwarf delivery costs at this
             | point.
             | 
             | There is some technology component where the UI,
             | resposiveness, reliability, and so on impact the user
             | experience. But still content is king there. The HBO apps
             | suck and their streaming is less reliable than others but
             | they've got the content I wanna watch so I put up with it.
        
         | TeMPOraL wrote:
         | > _purely based on a superior and novel tech experience for its
         | users._
         | 
         | I don't think this is accurate - the main value proposition of
         | Netflix seems to have always been "streaming site with lots of
         | mainstream content, _that is also legal_ ". I.e. it's the
         | streaming deals they've made that mattered, not delivery tech
         | or their web player.
        
           | barbecue_sauce wrote:
           | Pretty sure he's talking about the OG Netflix DVD-by-mail
           | request-by-web model.
        
           | filmgirlcw wrote:
           | No. For the first decade plus of its existence, Netflix was a
           | DVD by mail rental service and there, its technology was a
           | key differentiator. You paid a subscription depending on how
           | many DVDs you wanted to have out at a time, Netflix mailed
           | them to you in red envelopes, and you mailed them back in the
           | same envelope. The ingenious part was that there was a
           | website where you entered in all of the DVDs you wanted and
           | Netflix would mail them to you as they either became
           | available or in order of priority (the original Netflix
           | queue).
           | 
           | Yes, you could be pedantic and call a lot of that logistics,
           | but the lack of physical stores, the website, the queue and
           | rating and recommendation system (the Netflix recommendation
           | algorithm was a huge part of its appeal, even after the
           | streaming stuff, until Netflix got sued for accidentally
           | outing someone with the algo), were all tech.
           | 
           | Netflix has ALWAYS been a hybrid tech and content company.
           | Always. But it started out very much more on disrupting the
           | video store model the same way Amazon disrupted brick and
           | mortar bookstores.
        
             | teawrecks wrote:
             | Then all companies are tech companies. They all aim to come
             | up with a product that's better than the last, and they
             | almost never use old tech to do it.
        
               | filmgirlcw wrote:
               | Well, yes. In a certain way, _everything_ is tech. Tech
               | != computers /engineers/algorithms/robots/HAl/whatever.
               | 
               | But even in the popular understanding of what a tech
               | company is, Netflix more than many others DOES have
               | historical and current tech bonafides. 25 years ago
               | during dot com mania, there wasn't a lot of hand-wringing
               | about whether WebVan or Pets.com or Amazon or whatever
               | were tech companies. It was accepted that e-commerce WAS
               | tech, even if it was different than DEC/Compaq/HP or Sun
               | or Microsoft or Apple or whatever.
               | 
               | And Netflix operated from a website, used technology for
               | its logistic and delivery system (much like other
               | e-commerce systems)and had a recommendation algorithm
               | (that they had a contest to improve, because they saw
               | that good recommendations reduced churn) and a focus on
               | UX to keep the product good.
               | 
               | It took them more than a decade, but the goal of
               | delivering video via the Internet was always there. Roku,
               | which in its original incarnation was simply a Netflix
               | streaming box, was originally ideated and developed at
               | Netflix before the company decided it didn't want to be
               | in the hardware business and so the head of the project
               | and the engineers left to make Roku. Netflix has done as
               | much work as any single company except perhaps YouTube to
               | optimize and pioneer how to effectively serve large
               | swaths of video to users across the globe.
               | 
               | The problem with Ben Evans' piece is that he
               | misunderstands that Netflix has always been a tech and a
               | content company. Even when it was a rental company with
               | more tech and no original content, the recommendation
               | algorithm and the dedication to buyers and curators who
               | would make the decisions about what DVDs were purchased
               | (eventually customer signals played into this too) always
               | had a very strong content focus in the product.
               | 
               | That's the reason Netflix works. It was the first media
               | company to really innately understand both tech and
               | content. Disney and HBO (WarnerMedia, whatever) have
               | great tech stacks too (especially Disney), but Netflix
               | was the first and is still the most successful.
        
             | jbay808 wrote:
             | My local library has had the same service for about equally
             | long. The only difference is that instead of ordering them
             | to my house, I order them to the nearest branch and then I
             | walk in and pick it up whenever I feel like it. Then I drop
             | them off a couple weeks later. No need to mess with
             | envelopes and shipping. And it's free!
        
               | yurishimo wrote:
               | While I don't disagree that this experience exists in
               | many places, the reality is nowhere near as convenient as
               | you describe it. The waitlist for any movie I want to see
               | is astronomical unless it's a decade old so by the time I
               | get it, I might not be interested anymore. Netflix
               | somehow had the logistics worked out that everyone could
               | get most new movies pretty close to release which I think
               | is why they took off in popularity.
               | 
               | Also, the Netflix shipping/return mechanism is arguably
               | more convenient than even driving to the library. The
               | envelopes were prepaid and were built in such a way that
               | opening it uses one part of the packaging, which exposed
               | a tape seam to seal it for return. Chuck that in any
               | mailbox and you're good to go. Better than driving 15
               | minutes across town to the library to return a movie in
               | the drop-off bin and hope it doesn't get lost and I get
               | charged for it, forcing me to go inside so I know it was
               | returned properly...
               | 
               | I want the local library version to get better, but right
               | now it still has a ways to go in my city.
        
       | danielmarkbruce wrote:
       | It just depends on the dimension you are talking about.
       | 
       | If you describe a company based on the product/service it
       | provides, there is no such thing as a tech company. There are car
       | companies, project management software companies, web search
       | companies, entertainment companies, oil companies, etc.
       | 
       | If you describe a company based on their core competency, there
       | are tech companies, product companies, brand companies etc.
       | 
       | You can choose any dimension you want. It's usually just helpful
       | to then be consistent, ie Tesla is a car company and Netflix an
       | entertainment company. Or both are technology companies.
        
       | aynyc wrote:
       | I have a much simpler definition.
       | 
       | 1. If a company sees its technology capability as a profit
       | center, then it's a tech company.
       | 
       | 2. If it sees technology as a cost center, then it's not a tech
       | company.
       | 
       | It's a bit of over-simplification, but it usually works for me
       | and people I speak with.
        
       | dfdz wrote:
       | Anyone who has used Netflix and HBO MAX (the best and worse
       | streaming site, respectively, in terms of streaming tech) will
       | beg to differ that Netflix is not a tech company...
        
       | poopypoopington wrote:
       | Facebook is not a tech company it's a (social) media company,
       | Google is not a tech company, it's an information search company,
       | Apple is not a tech company it's a consumer electronics company,
       | Amazon is not a tech company, it's a retail company.
       | 
       | You can say this about any tech company, it's just where you draw
       | the line of what "tech" is.
        
       | BiteCode_dev wrote:
       | They are a tech company. Just not only a tech company.
        
       | swman wrote:
       | Every problem that business solve, even if it is "technical", is
       | still a business problem.
       | 
       | Nobody cares about docker, until businesses (that might be in
       | retail/healthcare/cruise/whatever) realize they can use docker
       | for their needs.
       | 
       | Nobody cares about stripe. Until businesses realize they just pay
       | for a well documented, easy to use SDK.
       | 
       | I work for a company in a sector that is not that familiar with
       | technology. We're bridging that gap, and the software we sell is
       | a technical product, but engineering is only part of the
       | equation. Again, nobody cares about what we make until those
       | business realize that software loaded on those phones everyone
       | carries can help them improve/increase their business.
       | 
       | Just solve problems. Labelling problems is for business
       | analysts/consultants/hamster wheel professionals.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | throwawayswede wrote:
       | Reads like a clickbait title. Of course they are. Somewhat out of
       | touch if Ben really thinks like that.
        
       | mdoms wrote:
       | Is this an interesting or actionable insight? Or just arguing
       | semantics for the sake of it?
        
       | bytheway wrote:
       | tech make it possible.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | 0xdeadbeefbabe wrote:
       | They are a crowbar using company. They use leverage. What big
       | news.
        
       | vincentmarle wrote:
       | Can Netflix exist without tech? No.
       | 
       | Can Netflix compete just on its tech? No.
       | 
       | Both can be true at the same time.
        
       | nashashmi wrote:
       | First focus on Netflix started out as emailing dvds. So it was a
       | supply chain company. Then it started going into recommendations.
       | So it was data mining. Now it is streaming. So it is streaming
       | company. Like Real (remember them?) was a streaming company.
       | 
       | Large companies with established proven processes can migrate
       | towards the tech ladder. But small companies cannot become a tech
       | company aka shark tank funded red dress.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | rhacker wrote:
       | If no one is a tech company, what IS a tech company? We have the
       | habit of getting into pedantic esoteric arguments that are
       | meaningless. I can't accept that Netflix is a "Television
       | company" because they don't sell TVs. They are a content provider
       | and license holder. However there are billions of content
       | providers and license holders.
       | 
       | Also let's say that a mega rich person starts investing in
       | 15Billion / year on content like Netflix, but at the same time
       | does it by creating Blockbuster like stores where people can walk
       | in and rent said content. That's not a Tech company is it?
       | 
       | There IS a reason these companies born out of the SV are tech
       | companies. Flagging as this is just a click bait puff.
        
       | hongloumeng wrote:
       | If they use data science to make content decisions, and
       | algorithms to recommend content, is that not a tech company?
        
       | ARussell wrote:
       | I think "tech company" is a near-useless label, anyway. I
       | struggle to think of any company that isn't, or at least
       | shouldn't be, a tech company. Everyone uses technology to provide
       | their product or service, even if they are rudimentary ones.
       | There are those companies that are pushing the boundaries of what
       | was previously possible, sure, and if that's what people agree is
       | the definition of "tech company" (high innovation), then surely
       | Netflix counts. No one watched much TV on computers or phones
       | before them.
        
       | rubyist5eva wrote:
       | almost every company is a tech company now
        
       | eldavido wrote:
       | I used to read a lot of writing like this and still do (tech
       | strategy newsletters--Stratechery, Benedict Evans, etc)
       | 
       | The hazard of reading stuff like this is that it makes the world
       | seem much more orderly and predictable than it is. Case in point:
       | Zoom. "Videoconferencing is a commodity". "Distribution is all
       | that matters". And all of a sudden, someone does this "commodity"
       | a lot better, without the pre-existing network/distribution/brand
       | of someone like Skype, Google, etc. How do they explain this? How
       | does it make sense that a team can work heads-down without any
       | clear distribution advantage and just grind, and build a large,
       | meaningful company by making _a better product_?
       | 
       | It's the same deal with Yamaha Motorcycles. Read their story.
       | Bootstrapped from a "nobody" brand in the US, stiff competition
       | against Harley-Davidson and their ilk. They just got better and
       | better, gradually improving year after year, until they're taken
       | seriously by hardcore enthusiasts and are one of the leading
       | motorcycle companies in the US. How do you explain this success
       | in terms of moats, 2x2 matrices, SWOT analysis, competitive
       | positioning, etc? Sometimes a company wins because they just want
       | it more badly and are willing to push their people harder, and
       | outwork/out-deliver the competition.
       | 
       | Calling the tech "still fundamentally a commodity" bothers me not
       | because I'm a technologist, but because it's horribly hand-wavey
       | and imprecise. It sounds precise, but what...exactly...does this
       | mean? As other commenters have pointed out, sure, a commodity
       | that cost oh, 100 billion dollars and a decade to build, isn't
       | easily duplicated, and meaningfully contributes to the user
       | experience? I heard someone describe gold as a "6000-year bubble"
       | last week in the context of the "crypto bubble". Same idea--"a
       | commodity that nobody else has, took a decade to build, and over
       | 100 billion dollars". Some "commodity".
       | 
       | As a CEO, I increasingly find all this strategy stuff noise. All
       | that matters is delighting your customers. You do that and charge
       | a reasonable price, you're going to succeed. It might take a
       | while, and of course you need decent sales/marketing execution,
       | but overall, just focus on keeping customers happy, and you'll
       | get there.
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | > Calling the tech "still fundamentally a commodity" bothers me
         | not because I'm a technologist, but because it's horribly hand-
         | wavey and imprecise. It sounds precise, but
         | what...exactly...does this mean?
         | 
         | Quite a lot of analysis seems to be making people feel better
         | about not being technical, when technical jobs are exploding in
         | prominence, and you can sell your analysis better if you make
         | customers feel better.
        
         | ErikVandeWater wrote:
         | I would say strategy evaluation is more valuable on the
         | investing side than real-world.
         | 
         | Investing in companies with strategic advantages is much more
         | profitable that trying to find the one commodity company out of
         | thousands that are able to escape from the fires of intense
         | competition.
         | 
         | Strategy is also how you avoid having to delight your customers
         | to be profitable. Just get a new law passed that is
         | inconvenient for your competitors to follow.
         | 
         | Delighting customers is also hard because people are
         | unreasonable and unpredictable. Try selling an app. Even if
         | your app adds lots of value over your competitor, people aren't
         | used to spending money on apps. I would guess the vast majority
         | of apps that make money play into people's addictions and get
         | 1% of their users to buy pay-to-win items or custom skins for
         | their players/items. Only the unreasonable people actually make
         | these companies any money.
        
         | liuliu wrote:
         | I use Apple TV. Netflix does have better user experience (in
         | terms of playing videos) than Prime Video, HBO Max, Hulu for
         | me.
         | 
         | It plays faster, seeks faster, properly does Dolby Vision / HDR
         | when the content has it and has different language subtitles.
         | It animates properly from one screen to another (in stark
         | contrast to Prime Video).
         | 
         | The content exploration and navigation is something to be
         | desired, but comparing to other apps, it is on par (similarly
         | bad).
        
           | eldavido wrote:
           | 100% agree. Prime video is garbage through and through. I
           | much, much prefer Netflix.
           | 
           | I think Benedict's larger point is correct that I might put
           | up with shitty Prime streaming because I want to watch what's
           | on it. But it's not a delight. No way. And in the long term,
           | that shit _matters_. The joylessness creeps up on you over
           | time, until eventually you 're left with Eclipse, Windows 10,
           | or Android scrolling. Your NPS scores fall off a cliff, you
           | get zero word of mouth, no lines outside of stores, nobody
           | talking about it on social media/news/etc. and then everyone
           | acts like it's some big shock.
           | 
           | It's not fun!!
           | 
           | I think Tesla, Apple, and Netflix all really _get_ this.
        
             | RangerScience wrote:
             | I had to put my Tesla in the bodyshop, and the loaner I got
             | was a "nice" Jaguar SUV.
             | 
             | God damn the software was shit. All the "car" part of it
             | was fine (arguably excellent, even) but the rest was just.
             | Ugh.
             | 
             | ( _four_ control surfaces to use cruise control?!)
             | 
             | The Tesla dashboard software package is just plain
             | delightful, and that's such a huge part of cars now, it
             | really matters.
        
       | funman7 wrote:
       | Internet backbone
        
       | rvz wrote:
       | I would go for 'tech-enabled' company. Simple as that.
       | 
       | Downvoters: So Nvidia, Intel, AMD, TSMC are not technology
       | companies?
        
       | xyzzy21 wrote:
       | Very true.
       | 
       | They are NO MORE a tech company than WeWork ever was or is.
       | 
       | Simply using "IT" to do a non-technical job does not make you a
       | "tech company"!
        
       | netcan wrote:
       | The "tech company" monicker is increasingly nondescript, but any
       | kind of classification needs context to be useful. These big
       | guys, at present, aren't doing obvious head-2-head competition in
       | well defined market categories. Ford, GM and Toyota are similar
       | to each other that Amazon & Google are not.
       | 
       | To think in classifications, you pick your classification based
       | on the aspect of company you care about.
       | 
       | Netflix's culturalness, financing, hiring/labour practices are
       | more like "tech companies." Their competition, is home
       | entertainment for consumers, and media companies for content.
       | Their business model is basically cable. etc.
       | 
       | In any case, it seems the author goes through all these semantics
       | to notice tha:
       | 
       |  _" you can access the same service on any device (Netflix,
       | Spotify, Kindle), or the same content on any service (music,
       | books), or both. Content doesn't stop you switching - unless it's
       | exclusive, and that's a totally different budget."_
       | 
       | So yep, key point. Media economics is understudied.
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | The more important distinction it seems is how much of your
         | sales is marginal profit, how your revenue scales, and the
         | growth potential.
         | 
         | If you have very high fixed costs, but the profit from each
         | additional subscription is ~90%, and you have a clear path to
         | growth - your future profits could be ridiculous.
         | 
         | Netflix is selling non-durable goods with insane marginal
         | profits. In this way, it isn't much different than a software
         | company - like Microsoft in the 90s.
         | 
         | The distinction between whether you are selling software or
         | NFTs, streaming videos, or ads seems less relevant.
        
       | tonymet wrote:
       | The confusion here is expecting the tech to be visible in the
       | user experience. Netflix tech is continuing to invest in
       | targeting and data-driven content content production.
        
       | ravivyas wrote:
       | There are multiple OTT content providers in India, many with
       | "popular" content, but their tech is bad ( to be accurate), so is
       | the experience of watching shows on them.
       | 
       | Look at it from that lens, and Netflix is a tech company.
        
       | wodenokoto wrote:
       | Netflix said that their strategy was to become HBO faster than
       | HBO could become Netflix.
       | 
       | Which to put it in the words of the author: get as good at "TV
       | decisions" as HBO before HBO got as good at tech (making apps,
       | good UI, good recommendations and streaming back-ends) as
       | Netflix.
       | 
       | I think it makes sense. Wish the article was better at explaining
       | how the tech-crowbar worked for sky and Netflix.
        
       | xgulfie wrote:
       | Honestly what is a "tech company"? Google is an advertising
       | company, so is Facebook. Amazon is a store. Etc etc.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | ransom1538 wrote:
       | Eh. Netflix gambled hard. Real hard. They thought streaming would
       | destroy all dvd and physical mediums. That was a real gamble in
       | 2005. That was a huge payout. Now we all have "genius" insights
       | how it worked out - but honestly they deserve every penny. And
       | no, they are not a tech company anymore they just produce
       | content. Anyone can upload a video and hide it behind a paywall.
       | Rock on netflix.
        
       | beervirus wrote:
       | Remember when WeWork (oops I mean just We) pretended to be a tech
       | company instead of an office space leasing company?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | zeckalpha wrote:
       | (2019)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | skim1420 wrote:
       | I'm not a font guy, but I really dislike the 'a' character in
       | this font set.
        
       | nemo44x wrote:
       | I think I heard someone describe Netflix as a logging company
       | that occasionally streams videos.
        
       | barrenko wrote:
       | Tech company is a company that can sucessfully and repeatedly
       | build product (product in IT sense). Which most companies can't
       | even if it's a cold day in hell.
        
       | travisjungroth wrote:
       | > Coming back to TV, there's an irony here in the fact that the
       | tech industry has spent decades wanting to get into the living
       | room, get into TV, break up the cable bundle and move TV from
       | scheduled linear to on-demand, and yet now that it's happening,
       | it's happening in the TV industry, not the tech industry.
       | 
       | I don't see the irony. This seems to be a circular definition of
       | "TV industry". The technological breakthroughs (cable, satellite,
       | streaming, mobile) that completely change TV don't count as "tech
       | industry". Silicon Valley startups Netflix and Apple somehow
       | don't count, neither does Amazon, and YouTube doesn't even get
       | mentioned.
       | 
       | I also have an issue with the implied definition of "commodity".
       | I think a commodity needs fungibility and availability. So
       | storage is now a commodity, but large scale streaming is not. You
       | can't order a Netflix scale infrastructure on the market.
        
       | Crosseye_Jack wrote:
       | > The box was good, the UI was good, the truck-rolls were good,
       | and the customer service and experience were good.
       | 
       | What UI? Back when Sky launched the box would show you the
       | channel number you where tuned to via LEDS over the channel
       | selection buttons and/or via a simple OSD like you would get on
       | any other TV with a OSD displaying channel numbers.
       | 
       | The best UI you got was went something wasn't "working" (be it
       | because you didn't have the auth or because something went wrong)
       | and the OSD told you it couldn't decrypt a channel / to insert
       | your viewing card.
       | 
       | It wasn't until the launch of digital I would say it gained an
       | UI.
       | 
       | Granted the truck rolls and the customer service was decent from
       | what I recall. I don't recall any major issues. (and the UI on
       | the digital boxes wasn't bad when it came out and have been added
       | to since, no idea what the Q boxes are like as I cord cut a fair
       | few years ago.).
        
       | MattGaiser wrote:
       | Isn't Netflix the largest server of video in the world? I imagine
       | they have truly massive technical challenges and innovate on
       | those challenges.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | pnevares wrote:
       | Can we get an edit to add (2019) to the title?
        
       | citizenpaul wrote:
       | This whole thing is pointless. It is basically about clarifying
       | the definition of a financial/MBA term. Where do you draw the
       | line at "tech company" vs some other classification? It only
       | matters if you need to check a box on a portfolio investment
       | diversification.
       | 
       | If a company came out with a fully automated oil drilling
       | solution they are a tech company. Tech defined the company even
       | if the majority of their business 20 years later comes from the
       | fruit of their technical development labor. Netflix is tech
       | company that now mostly makes money from content.
        
         | skohan wrote:
         | I think the broader point is that this term is getting less and
         | less relevant in general. It would be like if you defined any
         | company that transported goods by rail a "train company". It
         | would have seemed relevant as a classification when trains were
         | novel, but once it becomes the norm that ceases to be the most
         | relevant characteristic.
        
           | Isthatablackgsd wrote:
           | My biggest gripes with headline and article that they used
           | the term with extreme ambiguity. I'm sure 50% of the world
           | companies are classified as "tech company". Every time I see
           | those term popping up, all the question I have is tech in
           | what? and What is their specialty? Espically with many new
           | entities name and it is harder to track of what they do.
        
       | rlewkov wrote:
       | Who's on first?
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | Once a company has grown to certain stage it HAS to be centered
       | on business. So the ideal life of a technical person is to:
       | 
       | 1: Join a start-up
       | 
       | 2: Work hard to grab as much technical fields under belt as
       | possible, preferably be the CTO or one of the tech director/VP
       | 
       | 3: Leave when it's broke/successful enough to be less technical
       | related
       | 
       | 4: GOTO 1
        
       | AvocadoCake wrote:
       | Having used Paramount+ recently, it has really made me appreciate
       | Netflix as a tech company, in addition to their FOSS
       | contributions and other innovations. I think it's silly to say
       | that only a company that directly sells tech (whether that be
       | software or hardware) is a tech company.
        
       | _greim_ wrote:
       | "Tech company" is arguably a term whose meaning has shifted into
       | the domain of common popular agreement, away from any rigorous
       | first-principles definition.
       | 
       | It would be equally futile to say "Betsy's Diner may serve
       | coffee, but it isn't a _cafe_ ; it's mainly just a sandwich and
       | pastry shop." Or, "Fritz's Foods may sell a few items in bulk,
       | but it isn't a _grocer_ ; they mainly sell individually-packaged
       | items."
        
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