[HN Gopher] A generation of American men give up on college
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A generation of American men give up on college
        
       Author : flowerbeater
       Score  : 347 points
       Date   : 2021-09-06 19:01 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wsj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wsj.com)
        
       | PaywallBuster wrote:
       | average joe: blue collar job, make 20$ per hour
       | 
       | woke jane: liberal arts degree, 8$ per hour job at starbucks
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | noncompliant wrote:
         | well this "woke jane" could still study and after a while learn
         | a trade if education were affordable.
         | 
         | there is nothing wrong with having an educated working class.
         | nothing should restrict you from being a plumber with an
         | history degree.
        
       | mhb wrote:
       | Video Games and the (Male) Meaning of Life:
       | https://quillette.com/2018/12/14/video-games-and-the-male-me...
        
       | usename_Here wrote:
       | I agree on some of the points about support structures for women
       | that don't exist for men. I've seen it occur even at the
       | professional level, female co-workers are reached out to, invited
       | to groups, given networking opportunities that I would have to
       | put loads of effort to keep up with. It's biased treatment in the
       | now, even if it's trying to offset the errors of the past.
        
         | zarkov99 wrote:
         | Its not that the support structures do not exist, after all
         | they never did and men did fine without them, its that college
         | is suffused with an ideology that is anti-men, anti-merit and,
         | for the most part, useless for anything but its own self-
         | propagation.
        
           | usename_Here wrote:
           | Sure, those structures didn't exist prior, but that doesn't
           | mean their existing now doesn't provide an advantage to those
           | who benefit from them.
           | 
           | And it's not that I'm against such structures or groups on
           | the basis of shared identity that you're born with, but I
           | think it would be beneficial for those structures (
           | especially when they're company funded ) to have niches for
           | those who don't fit niches.
        
           | Applejinx wrote:
           | You've got a fundamental difference of opinion around the
           | basic purpose of the exercise and can't be trusted to have a
           | rational opinion about what's really going on.
           | 
           | What is 'merit' for?
           | 
           | If your answer is 'distinguishing between things of worth and
           | things that are valueless' then there's a problem, and you
           | are prematurely contextualizing. Briefly, you cannot be
           | trusted to dictate the contexts of value for the whole world
           | around you. You're missing far too much. And it matters. Not
           | just morally, but practically.
        
             | triactual wrote:
             | Trusted by whom?
        
           | long_time_gone wrote:
           | ==its that college is suffused with an ideology that is anti-
           | men, anti-merit and, for the most part, useless for anything
           | but its own self-propagation.==
           | 
           | I never felt like this kind of victim while in college
           | (mid-2000s). I wonder if all colleges have changed or if
           | society has changed. If it is society that has changed, maybe
           | our colleges are simply reflecting the real-world change.
        
             | vimy wrote:
             | It's only been the last +- 5 years that this became the
             | dominant thinking at colleges.
        
               | long_time_gone wrote:
               | Based on which metric?
               | 
               | Does the same thinking carryover to the construction
               | industry which is 97% male?
        
               | vimy wrote:
               | It coincides with the election of Donald Trump. This
               | ideology already had a foothold in some departments and
               | Trump was the accelerant that made it spread everywhere.
               | Longread if you want a more detailed explanation:
               | https://newdiscourses.com/2021/04/rise-woke-cultural-
               | revolut...
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Calling Lindsay a professional mathematician is a
               | stretch. Also he neglects to cite Derrick Bell and
               | Richard Delgado and the whole critical legal studies
               | movement.
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | The last psychiatrist once wrote that women go where men are
       | leaving.
       | 
       | I don't know if this is true, but it seems to pop up in several
       | areas.
        
         | ffwacom wrote:
         | Do you have a link to the post?
        
           | KingOfCoders wrote:
           | I have been searching before but sadly could not find it.
           | I'll keep searching.
           | 
           | [Update]
           | 
           | It's not the post I have been thinking of, but there is a
           | line there
           | 
           | https://thelastpsychiatrist.com/2013/01/no_self-
           | respecting_w...
           | 
           | "[...] but you should wonder: when more women enter a field,
           | it means less men did, and if the men stopped going there,
           | where did they go? Why did they leave? I assume they aren't
           | home with the kids, right?
           | 
           | I don't want to be cynical, but boy oh boy is it hard not to
           | observe that at the very moment in our history when we have
           | the most women in the Senate, Congress is perceived to be
           | pathetic, bickering, easily manipulated and powerless [..] if
           | some field keeps the trappings of power but loses actual
           | power, women enter it in droves and men abandon it like the
           | Roanoke Colony. Again we must ask the question: if power
           | seeking men aren't running for Senate, where did they go?"
        
         | elevenoh wrote:
         | IME, women - more than men - tend to naturally flow to where
         | there's maximal social acceptance & minimal risk.
         | 
         | This tends to be after the wave of early risk takers made it
         | such.
         | 
         | Example: We're seeing more % women entering the crypto space
         | every year.
        
       | raxxorrax wrote:
       | This seems to happen in a parallel universe. From my first
       | semester at university with 120 students, 5 were women. Out of
       | those 1 made it till the end, which is more or less exactly the
       | average of those that actually got their degree in the standard
       | period of study.
       | 
       | That said, I think university doesn't count as much as it did
       | before. At least in softwareworld you can make it without a
       | degree just fine. You have disadvantages for some higher
       | positions in large companies. But who wants to do that job
       | anyway? It seems rather unattractive today.
        
       | notjes wrote:
       | And women are more depressed than ever, swallowing Xanax by the
       | hand full. Consumption of anti depressants rose 50% in the last
       | 15 years, especially by women. 1/4 of women and 1/10 of men are
       | doing it by now. One might argue, it is a very degen society if
       | women need 1lb of happy pills per month to endure it.
        
       | ano88888 wrote:
       | Not everyone will become a self learning programmer. There are
       | many subjects that college is best suited for. I actually see
       | this as the decline of America. When a generation doesn't value
       | education anymore, this is how China gets ahead of you.
        
         | aeoleonn wrote:
         | Not so fast.
         | 
         | First review the blatant, widespread corruption in Chinese
         | academia, before you consider fully accepting the value of
         | education in China
         | 
         | "In 2015, for instance, Britain-based publisher BioMed Central
         | retracted 43 articles, including 41 from China. Later in the
         | same year, Germany's Springer retracted 64 papers, nearly all
         | from Chinese scholars, while the Dutch publishing company
         | Elsevier retracted nine medical science articles written by
         | Chinese researchers.
         | 
         | "In what is said to be the largest single-incident retraction
         | of journal publications in history, Springer Nature in 2017
         | retracted 107 articles in Tumor Biology published between 2012
         | and 2016, all of them authored by Chinese scholars from
         | universities in Shanghai."
         | 
         | https://wenr.wes.org/2018/04/the-economy-of-fraud-in-academi...
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | I went to pick up a book at the circulation desk at my uni close
       | to the first day of classes and of the people in front of me and
       | in back of me there were 9 girls and 0 boys in line.
       | 
       | If the class were gender-balanced the odds of that would be
       | 1/512; I have no idea what it means ("girls are much more
       | interested in using the library?") but I think it's significant.
        
         | sergiomattei wrote:
         | It means exactly nothing. They could be a study group, they
         | could be all be part of a club, I could go on...
         | 
         | There is zero significance to that observation.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > If the class were gender-balanced the odds of that would be
         | 1/512
         | 
         | If each arrival at the desk were an independent draw from the
         | full class, then, sure, the chance of any given set of 9
         | arrivals having 9 women would be 1/512. (Though the chance of
         | the sequence of 10 including 9 women and 1 man is 10/1024, or
         | about 5 times more likely; by cherry-picking the set of
         | arrivals to consider, you are anready making the set around you
         | seem more unlikely than it is.)
         | 
         | Of course, if they were where independent the case, there'd
         | also be a non-negligible case of a repeat in that set of
         | arrivals; the fact that you chose a set in line at the same
         | time demonstrates that they aren't a set of independent events.
         | So the whole basis of your 1/512 even on the cherry-picked set
         | is invalid.
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | yeah i am a p-hacker who can do any kind of statistics so
           | long as it is nonparametric statistics because i only know
           | the binomial distribution
        
             | savanaly wrote:
             | On a site like this where anyone can comment and only a few
             | do, this is the far greater problem compared to p-hacking: 
             | https://web.ma.utexas.edu/users/mks/statmistakes/filedrawer
             | .....
             | 
             | There are probably 512 people in this thread right now that
             | have had that same experience you did but didn't reject the
             | null hypothesis so they're not commenting.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | I dunno.
               | 
               | I play the game of assessing the gender balance of groups
               | a lot.
               | 
               | Some of it is wondering where society is going, some of
               | it is just trying to avoid sausage parties. Trans people
               | don't give me any trouble because they want to be
               | assigned a certain gender, non-binaries might force me to
               | learn the multinomial distribution but those seem to turn
               | up at the 1/256 - 1/512 level if that.
               | 
               | I stopped going to Yoga classes in my ZIP code because
               | they attract a lot of middle-aged and older men who, I
               | think, are there to look at women without doing anything
               | too strenuous.
        
         | 1123581321 wrote:
         | It is interesting; disregarding nitpicking about the
         | calculation there could be multiple potential reasons that all
         | are connected to the heart of the matter:
         | 
         | - women more likely to study and solve logistical study
         | problems together
         | 
         | - men more likely to pirate books
         | 
         | - men less likely to be out during normal hours
         | 
         | - men less likely to choose majors requiring library books
         | 
         | - and of course, higher college enrollment by women
         | 
         | I am not saying any of these were necessarily in play in your
         | situation, but some probably are and colleges and employers
         | should be thinking about them.
        
           | pwthornton wrote:
           | I'd say seeing a 9-0 ratio is an outlier for sure, and maybe
           | we don't need much deeper thought than that. I do, suspect,
           | however, that women are more likely to go to the library than
           | men. My assumption on this is the higher grades that female
           | students earn on average.
        
       | gamechangr wrote:
       | We need learning certified but not controlled, both in cost and
       | required general learning.
       | 
       | 2 year associate degrees from community college are very
       | affordable and cover the general education. Even those going into
       | other work could afford that and their employer could offer
       | assistance if not. If for example, the cost of a 2 year
       | associates degree was $5,000- $10,000. That would make college
       | affordable, but we as a society would have to recognize that as
       | more than it currently is recognized for.
       | 
       | The 4 year degree is meaningless now. It doesn't even translate
       | to a useable skill most the time, but it's become the bare
       | minimum.
       | 
       | Then if certificates of specific skills...say "certificate of
       | statistics" which could just be 3-5 classes on statistics were
       | added for those who could afford it, that would bring down the
       | cost.
       | 
       | The idea of "going to college" and moving on campus is not an
       | economical decision most 20 years old are prepared enough to
       | understand. There appears to be too many people losing from that
       | bet.
        
       | dehrmann wrote:
       | I'll repeat what tech companies love to say about hiring
       | underrepresented classes: it's a pipeline problem. Because of a
       | combination of social reasons, maturity, curricula, and pedagogy,
       | men don't perform as well as women academically. Look at the
       | graph on the top of this[1]. Men have lower GPAs in every
       | subject. It's not surprising that leads to fewer going to college
       | and fewer graduating.
       | 
       | 1:
       | https://www.act.org/content/dam/act/unsecured/documents/Info...
        
       | pwthornton wrote:
       | The thing that struck me right off the bat was that the lead
       | photo of this story is of 18-year-old with a PS5 and pretty sweet
       | setup in his bedroom. I don't have anything deep to add to this,
       | but if you can sit at home in your childhood bedroom indefinitely
       | playing video games and working menial jobs, maybe the allure is
       | there.
        
         | whywhywhywhy wrote:
         | Read the article he actually has two jobs one of which is music
         | production which he's passionate about and invests his money
         | into crypto.
         | 
         | What can university truly offer an 18 year old who already
         | knows what they want to do and is already doing it without an
         | expensive education.
         | 
         | Wish I was that on track when I was 18 and he'll probably be
         | ahead of his peers who went to college by the time they
         | graduate.
        
           | pwthornton wrote:
           | We don't have a lot of details as to what "invests his money
           | into crypto" means and how that is going. The article doesn't
           | touch on his music and music production skills, both of which
           | could be honed substantially with a further music education.
           | They could also be honed a lot by playing in a band and
           | committing to a lot of practice. People can be self taught,
           | but it generally requires a lot of practice and purpose, and
           | this article doesn't touch on whether or not he is doing
           | that.
           | 
           | You can break into music production without a degree, of
           | course, but it's going to be a challenge in the middle of
           | nowhere Minnesota.
        
         | dmix wrote:
         | That probably works fine until your 30s...
         | 
         | Plus that's assuming your parents aren't already old and can
         | afford to feed and house you without seriously harming their
         | own old age plans.
        
         | notanzaiiswear wrote:
         | Ever considered they might have picked that photo deliberately
         | to give you a certain idea about the problem?
        
           | aeoleonn wrote:
           | That's what I immediately thought, "How convenient, a photo
           | that suits article's the narrative: that all young men are
           | NEETs (not in employment, education, or training). I suppose
           | they couldn't have shown a productive young man as it would
           | be antithetical to the author's thesis.",
        
         | effingwewt wrote:
         | I mean of the choice is between that and crippling debt and a
         | useless degree, he's making the objectively smart move.
         | 
         | The fact that they were able to buy things while living at home
         | just drives the point home even more- he would not have the
         | disposable income to make those purchases for many years if he
         | decides to go to college.
        
           | jasonboyd wrote:
           | Wut? Are those the only choices? Is there nothing in between?
           | Lay off the drama. I don't feel like my degree was useless
           | (and I'm not even working in the field I got a degree in) and
           | I certainly didn't graduate with crippling debt.
        
             | effingwewt wrote:
             | Survivorship bias with a N=1 doesn't change the absolute
             | fact that most if not all degrees are worth far less than
             | the debt taken on.
             | 
             | Why your personal story is pertinent here is beyond me, OP
             | was talking about the person in the article.
             | 
             | It's not dramatic at all when we have 1.73[1] trillion in
             | student loan debt, with an average of 39k each student.
             | 
             | Starting your professional career years in debt is the
             | definition of crippling debt.
             | 
             | edit to add source
             | 
             | [1] https://educationdata.org/student-loan-debt-statistics
        
               | crazy_horse wrote:
               | The new student also has the option of choosing a not
               | worthless degree, greatly increasing their odds.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Yup. It's trivial to google "starting salaries for XXX"
               | _before_ committing to a major and the loan.
        
               | jasonboyd wrote:
               | Claiming survivorship bias really makes it sound like we
               | are talking about something much riskier than getting a
               | college degree. I didn't survive, I planned. I got a two
               | year degree from a local community college for a fraction
               | of the price that those same credit hours would have cost
               | at a university. I then went on to a modest in-state
               | University to complete my four year degree. I can't put a
               | sexy Ivy League college, or private college, or even a
               | top-tier state university on my resume now but I didn't
               | graduate with crippling debt. That was the trade off I
               | made.
               | 
               | Starting your professional career in debt is nobody's
               | definition of "crippling debt". Whether 39k is too much
               | student loan debt really depends on what the expected
               | future earning potential is for a given degree. A quick
               | search turns up plenty of resources that can help
               | somebody make decisions about how much student loan debt
               | they can comfortably or safely take on. Here is a
               | teacher's guide[1] (it's a PDF link) from the Consumer
               | Finance Protection Bureau one could use as a starting
               | point.
               | 
               | [1] https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_bu
               | ilding_...
        
           | pwthornton wrote:
           | He works as a landscaper in Minnesota, which I presume does
           | not offer robust employment year round. Even if he could work
           | all seasons doing landscaping, his pay would come out to
           | $26,000 a year, assuming he takes no days off.
           | 
           | I am not sure this is a smart move. It seems like he is
           | hoping his music career pans out, but we aren't given a lot
           | of insight into his talent level there.
        
         | belorn wrote:
         | The lead image is there to direct the reader towards a specific
         | way of thinking, similar in way that if the article has been
         | about prison it would be an image of black young men dealing
         | drugs. It is a narrative and implication that if "group X" did
         | not _choose_ to do that then the problem that group X has would
         | not exist. The author could as easily chosen an lead imagine of
         | the same person in a class room with a narrative that it is the
         | school system that is failing to get the demographic to enroll,
         | or an image of an college class photo to illustrate the lack of
         | diversity and imply subtle blame on which ever demographic that
         | would dominate the image.
        
           | prawn wrote:
           | _" The author could as easily chosen an lead imagine of the
           | same person in a class room"_
           | 
           | Might vary where you live, but my understanding is that the
           | author of a piece is not usually the one picking images and
           | writing the headline. There are some instances where the
           | writer and photographer are the same, but that's not the case
           | here.
           | 
           | It's a story about males who aren't in college, so why would
           | they have photos of males in school? Stats about "people
           | considering not going to college" is not as compelling as
           | this story with stronger stats about what people are actually
           | doing, IMO.
        
             | belorn wrote:
             | > It's a story about males who aren't in college, so why
             | would they have photos of males in school?
             | 
             | Here is an example of a article with a different narrative
             | called: _Why Boys Are Failing in an Educational System
             | Stacked Against Them_ (https://www.huffpost.com/entry/why-
             | boys-are-failing-in-a_b_8...)
             | 
             | Note that the focus of blame here is on the education
             | system and then look at the image. The person in frame is
             | the teacher, representing the Educational System, and the
             | boy. The article mentions both college rates and high
             | school dropout rates.
             | 
             | You are right that its generally not the author of the
             | written text that chose the image, through the words I
             | would describe if I was being a more technical correct
             | about it would be authors of the article since an article
             | rarely if ever now days has a single author. There is the
             | author/s of the text, the editor, the proof readers, layout
             | design, image selection, and each participated in creation
             | the collaborated created work.
        
               | prawn wrote:
               | As you said, that's a different narrative with a
               | different picture. OP's story is about individuals saying
               | they feel lost, and then it shows them bumming around at
               | home.
               | 
               | After I quit university and before I found my eventual
               | career path back in the 90s, a relevant picture would've
               | been me stuffing around on the computer as that's largely
               | what I did (writing a book, playing Hextris, typing up
               | things for my dad, seeing what a modem could do, etc).
        
       | 8eye wrote:
       | something about college men and a paywall
        
         | the_only_law wrote:
         | College is certainly a paywall. In the US at least.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | born a generation too late to enjoy the 40:60 m/f ratio... oh
       | well
        
       | whywhywhywhy wrote:
       | Great news, the concept that you need college to succeed was one
       | of the greatest lies told to my generation. Pleased the next
       | generation is waking up.
       | 
       | End of the day if the loan can't be written off, if the loan is
       | just handed out to 18 year olds and has almost no limit then the
       | organization that asks for the loan will inevitably balloon out
       | of all proportion and no longer be reflective at all of the value
       | you get back for almost all cases.
       | 
       | I say that as someone who managed to actually pay off their
       | student loan, dread to think how people who are late 30s, still
       | renting and still with 5 figures of college debt feel.
       | 
       | Hope this trend continues, why throw away the down payment of a
       | mortgage to an institution that has spent the past decade telling
       | you they don't want you. If in 10 years I'm seeing headlines
       | about colleges unable to stay open from low admissions I'll be
       | smiling.
        
         | rgrieselhuber wrote:
         | The marketing on this to Gen X was incredibly effective as
         | well.
         | 
         | There was this pervading "common sense" that if you didn't go
         | to college, you weren't going to be able to attract the kind of
         | spouse that you wanted, or that you would somehow be looked
         | down on in the reproductive market. The smart ones figured out
         | that this was actually a handy way to filter out superficial
         | candidates.
         | 
         | Fast forward 25 years, and I see many middle-aged men who are
         | dissatisfied with their corporate lives but haven't build any
         | income potential in something other than corporate America, so
         | they are stuck in jobs that are increasingly subject to the
         | pressures of globalism, etc.
        
           | sjg007 wrote:
           | We can't all be plumbers.. college is worth it. You get
           | access to technology. For computers it was that way until the
           | 90s when you could get access outside of universities. All of
           | the front end JavaScript web apps will be replaced with
           | automation and drag and drop UIs. This will let some people
           | scale but all those code academy kids will need to find new
           | skills.
        
             | rgrieselhuber wrote:
             | Computer Science graduates have done well and will continue
             | to do well, although figuring out a post-40s career
             | strategy is a huge necessity. Other fields, other than the
             | specialties? Many will continue to suffer, IMO.
        
               | sjg007 wrote:
               | Where does this post 40s mean come from? I mean,
               | seriously... it makes no sense.
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | Ageism. Yes, there are 50 year old devs that are on the
               | cutting edge of their field, and still doing well, but by
               | 40 you're looked at with increased skepticism if you
               | haven't made your way into management
        
               | sjg007 wrote:
               | It seems like an irrational made up meme that risks
               | becoming a self full filling prophecy. Much like the view
               | that the only qualified interviews are Google interviews.
        
         | ashtonkem wrote:
         | > Great news, the concept that you need college to succeed was
         | one of the greatest lies told to my generation.
         | 
         | I guess it means what you mean by "succeed". Going to college
         | is and always has been a reliable way towards earning more
         | money[0]. The issue isn't that college doesn't work, the issue
         | is that it's basically an asset bubble of sorts and the cost
         | exceeded its value.
         | 
         | If huge chunks of future generations skip college because it's
         | unaffordable, that will be bad for us as a society. It would be
         | much better to reduce the cost of college so that it's more
         | valuable for more people, rather than having younger
         | generations opt out due to the high cost.
         | 
         | 0 - Degree dependent, of course. Music degrees have been always
         | poorly valued by the market.
        
           | Grakel wrote:
           | Everyone going to college has turned it into high school- in
           | every metric. I'm a professor, and college is a lifestyle,
           | the classes are a part time job, and there is greatly reduced
           | academic rigor and seriousness. At some age, general
           | education should become a personal journey, or soon we'll
           | have PhDs in general studies and everyone will need one.
        
             | silexia wrote:
             | My kids will be strongly discouraged from going to college.
             | Colleges have somehow devolved from centers of education
             | into something else entirely. Colleges now often push
             | extreme viewpoints that lack evidence, colleges have
             | dangerous drinking and drug cultures, and colleges bury
             | their students in debt that enslaves them for life.
             | 
             | A good education can now be had on YouTube... I have spent
             | the last year learning construction there and the quality
             | of content is excellent. Years ago, I learned to program
             | quite well using online courses and I am sure those have
             | improved even further. I tried to learn diesel mechanics
             | from a textbook That was the top rated in the field, it is
             | shocking how terrible learning from a textbook is.
             | 
             | I am going to have my kids do a combination of
             | apprenticeships and online learning.
        
             | poopypoopington wrote:
             | This is a vastly overgeneralized statement. Where I went to
             | college [in the US] was much more than a "part time job"
             | and academic rigor was incredibly high. It was not uncommon
             | for students to work 60-80 hours a week.
        
             | bradlys wrote:
             | > I'm a professor, and college is a lifestyle, the classes
             | are a part time job, and there is greatly reduced academic
             | rigor and seriousness.
             | 
             | Where/what do you teach? When I was doing math & cs - they
             | (especially math) were more than a full time job. Rigor was
             | pretty high - lots of kids failing, dropping out, or
             | transferring schools out. I see this still happening with
             | people I know in school now - mind you not as severe since
             | they're not in math.
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | > It would be much better to reduce the cost of college so
           | that it's more valuable for more people
           | 
           | To do that, would be very helpful if the government stopped
           | giving zero interest loans. This is resulting in costs
           | skyrocketing.
        
             | yardie wrote:
             | LOL. I wish the government gave 0-interest loans. As it
             | stands in the US, Stafford Loans are higher than most car
             | loans [3.73% undergrad, 5.28% graduate, 6.28% PLUS]. Costs
             | are skyrocketing despite government loans. It's not the
             | working/middle class students asking for new buildings, new
             | "centers of research", new dorms, etc. Colleges are
             | building these things, giving you the bill, and your
             | options are go:not go.
        
               | loonster wrote:
               | As the percentage goes lower the amount of debt will
               | increase. The same thing happened in mortgages. The
               | monthly payment stayed relative constant (plus
               | inflation).
        
               | ric2b wrote:
               | We're talking about teenagers, not adults with several
               | years of household finance experience.
        
           | rgrieselhuber wrote:
           | Bad for us as a society how?
        
             | racl101 wrote:
             | I imagine their point is people forgoing a post secondary
             | education.
        
               | rgrieselhuber wrote:
               | The conflation of college with education was natural and
               | understandable until the last 10-15 years, but that
               | appears to be changing.
        
               | Grakel wrote:
               | Well said. Today it's a dating camp that you attend after
               | high school before you settle into the debt economy.
        
               | racl101 wrote:
               | I agree as well. I'm just speculating about OP's point.
               | 
               | Now you can get a pretty decent education from watching
               | lots of videos and an education that commensurate with
               | one that you'd plunk down thousands of dollars for at a
               | university or college.
               | 
               | Especially in the era of COVID where they would have you
               | watch videos anyways during a period of lockdown.
               | 
               | So glad I'm not a student right now. I'd feel so ripped
               | off.
        
             | JackFr wrote:
             | Well, two ways. First, broadly speaking across the economy,
             | a college graduate 2000 hours a year typically produces
             | more GDP$ to the real economy than a non-college graduate.
             | There are a lot of caveats to that statement, but broadly
             | it's true and that's why people will refer to education as
             | human capital. Second (and I believe this is the more
             | controversial claim), as a society we really do benefit
             | from intellectuals expert in history, literature and other
             | liberal arts and from basic research, by which I mean
             | scientific research which has no immediately forseeable
             | practicable application.
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | Personally, I don't know. But I find it interesting that
             | the only politically permissible way to even discuss it is
             | by looking at how it could hurt women:
             | 
             | > Yet the stakes are too high to ignore, she said. "If you
             | care about our society, one, and, two, if you care about
             | women, you have to care about the boys, too. If you have
             | equally educated numbers of men and women that just makes a
             | better society, and it makes it better for women."
             | 
             | The possibility that it could be bad for men I guess is not
             | a relevant consideration when evaluating the impact on
             | society.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | >> Going to college is and always has been a reliable way
           | towards earning more money[0]. The issue isn't that college
           | doesn't work, the issue is that it's basically an asset
           | bubble of sorts and the cost exceeded its value.
           | 
           | That last part about exceeding it's value contradicts the
           | notion that it currently IS a reliable way toward earning
           | more money. At least net more money.
           | 
           | IMHO a bunch of professors should be able to start their own
           | "non-profit" college with minimal overhead. But I suppose a
           | lot of them aren't really into teaching anyway. Maybe we need
           | to separate education from funding their hobbies (research).
        
             | a123b456c wrote:
             | Your idea sounds like a public university.
             | 
             | We could even collectively own it through our state
             | government.
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | It depends on what you're comparing it to. You can go to a
             | trade school and learn contracting, or be an electrician,
             | or an HVAC installer, and in your late teens and early 20's
             | you'll make a lot more than most college grads. But unless
             | you branch out into your own business your income is capped
             | lower than a generic college grad's probably is. And
             | importantly, those careers are typically hell on your body.
             | I know we all like to talk about the dangers of sitting all
             | day but it doesn't compare to doing physical labor for a
             | living, by any stretch. If you have particularly onerous
             | private loans funding a marginal degree from a for-profit
             | institution, you might net less lifetime earnings than a
             | very skilled electrician in an in-demand market.
             | 
             | If you're comparing it to unskilled labor, retail, customer
             | service, or stuff like that, it's absolutely no contest
             | you're still better off with the degree.
             | 
             | And yeah your last bit there seems like the typical HN
             | "let's reinvent this thing that already exist but 'from
             | first principles!!1' but forgetting all the reasons it
             | exists in the state it does now." Public colleges have too
             | much overhead but some of it is justified and necessary to
             | ensure licensing, credentialing, etc.
        
               | the_only_law wrote:
               | > and in your late teens and early 20's you'll make a lot
               | more than most college grads.
               | 
               | I question even this. I live in an area of the US without
               | a strong union culture, and known a lot of people in the
               | trades and it doesn't seem uncommon to see job postings
               | for _X_ apprentice starting at $13-$15 and hour. I could
               | get close to that at a shitty gas station clerk job.
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | Compare the apprentice to the college student: the
               | apprentice gets paid to learn, while the student has to
               | pay (borrow).
        
               | actually_a_dog wrote:
               | I'd like to see some harder numbers on this, too. I'm
               | from a similar area, but, maybe things are different in
               | other places. It would be great to see the figures
               | adjusted for cost of living.
        
               | the_only_law wrote:
               | It's hard to get good data broken when you're looking
               | into things like career level, etc. but when I go on the
               | BLS salary page for my MSA I can see the following
               | 
               | HVAC Repair. It's a pretty common trade out here. I have
               | a number of family who's done it at one point. There's
               | probably a pretty strong demand given how miserable I was
               | when my AC died the other day. Annual median is $42,640
               | 
               | Insurance Claims Processors, which in the particular city
               | I live in tends to be one of the big options for
               | otherwise unskilled college graduates. Annual median:
               | $43,570
               | 
               | Not that big of a difference, though I suppose you could
               | argue the former has the slight advantage of not having
               | as much educational debt burden, which probably exceeds
               | that ~$1k difference.
               | 
               | However like the GP noted, a person in the latter
               | position likely has better options late career.
        
               | gamechangr wrote:
               | Isn't "apprentice" like an intern. Just the first 1-2
               | years of on the job training until the wage goes up?
               | 
               | I have a cousin he started as an electrician making $18
               | an hour as an apprentice. He started making six figures 4
               | years into the job. Granted he works quite a bit.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | It's a feast or famine industry. It's been a feast for a
               | while, and a lot of people who are relatively new to the
               | industry haven't experienced a famine.
               | 
               | My father is/was an electrician and 2008 decimated the
               | industry. He was de facto laid off and worked part time
               | for the better part of three years after. Of course,
               | today there's tons of work and no one to do it. Any
               | young'uns who came in between like 2002-2008 didn't make
               | it through the GFC and switched careers, and the old-
               | timers who weathered the storm don't have enough juice
               | left to work the insane hours.
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | College degrees are either incredibly overpriced, or
           | incredibly good value for money, depending on how you analyse
           | them.
           | 
           | If you look at some CS graduate making $200,000 a year and
           | assume they'd have made $50,000 without the degree, college
           | looks like an incredibly good investment.
           | 
           | On the other hand, if you look at someone paying $1000 per
           | credit hour for online video lectures? I've seen online video
           | at 1% that price being described as overpriced.
        
             | Aerroon wrote:
             | > _If you look at some CS graduate making $200,000 a year
             | and assume they 'd have made $50,000 without the degree_
             | 
             | This is the problem with assessing how valuable college is:
             | you don't know how well off the person would've been if
             | they had chosen not to go to college. You can't just
             | compare all the people who went to college with all the
             | people who didn't. You end up with a selection bias. You
             | need to compare people who went to college with people who
             | could've gone to college, but didn't.
             | 
             | Also, there might be (is) a difference between what's good
             | for the individual and what's good for society.
        
               | inkblotuniverse wrote:
               | Also, to the degree that college is used as a signal of
               | intelligence/skill, it's a waste for individually and
               | collectively. You could just have the college entry exams
               | and hand out diplomas for those, and it would be nearly
               | as good.
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | Except they're not used as a measure of intelligence or
               | skill? They're used as a measure of ability to go through
               | a series of rigorous tests and do a bunch of work you
               | might not like doing.
               | 
               | They're a litmus test to see if you'd likely be good for
               | doing a job you don't enjoy either. End of the day - work
               | is work and they need history to show you can do more
               | than the bare legal minimum of graduating high school.
        
               | loonster wrote:
               | Wouldn't 4 years of work history be a better assessment?
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | Yes. However - why would an employer take a risk on a
               | high school graduate when plenty of people with college
               | degrees (often with internship experience) are applying?
        
               | actually_a_dog wrote:
               | > This is the problem with assessing how valuable college
               | is: you don't know how well off the person would've been
               | if they had chosen not to go to college.
               | 
               | I think this is absolutely the key. If you just look at
               | some of the figures given in [0], and do some simple
               | math, you find out that someone with a bachelor's degree
               | makes just a hair more than $26k per year more than
               | someone with only a high school diploma. Over the course
               | of, say, 40 years working, that comes out to a hair over
               | $1M difference in favor of the college grad. So, it would
               | seem that even if a 4 year degree cost $200k (which,
               | sadly, is not an insane estimate these days [1]), it
               | still seems like a no-brainer.
               | 
               | But, that's as far as statistics can take us, I think,
               | because, as you mentioned, we don't see what happens to
               | people who choose not to go to college, but who could
               | have successfully gotten a bachelor's degree. There's no
               | literal way for us to ethically conduct that experiment.
               | 
               | If I were to speculate a bit, I might wonder if the
               | answer lies in looking at children of college graduates
               | and comparing those children who went to college vs those
               | who didn't. I have no idea if such a study is available
               | or not, unfortunately.
               | 
               | The other idea I have is that, although it pays off in
               | the long run, maybe acquiring a significant amount of
               | debt at a young age makes it harder to get by in the
               | initial, post-college years harder. Considering the cost
               | of housing and health care, this _seems_ like a
               | reasonable hypothesis, but I 'd also like to see if
               | there's research on that.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.northeastern.edu/bachelors-
               | completion/news/avera...
               | 
               | [1]:
               | https://www.collegeavestudentloans.com/blog/estimating-
               | the-t...
        
               | wheelinsupial wrote:
               | The challenge with looking at the statistics for an ROI
               | is that lifetime earnings will vary by field of study,
               | highest degree attained, and location. I am not familiar
               | with US statistics agencies, but Stats Canada has looked
               | at lifetime earnings by field of study. It is a little
               | out of date as this is from 2010 [1], but it shows there
               | are some large differences in earnings by field. In some
               | cases a bachelor's degree results in lower earnings than
               | a high school graduate. [2] shows that depending on major
               | about 30% of graduates go on for further study. That
               | further study may be a lower credential (e.g.,
               | certificate or diploma) or a higher credential (e.g.,
               | masters or professional degree). [3] shows an analysis of
               | differences in earnings by field, gender, and highest
               | degree level; with the largest increases in earnings
               | coming for those from business, social sciences, and
               | arts. Unfortunately [2] and [3] do not seem to be looking
               | at lifetime earnings.
               | 
               | For men, [1] shows the median lifetime earnings for high
               | school graduates is $882,300. The median lifetime
               | earnings for men with a bachelor's degree is 1,517,200.
               | The lowest field is Fine and Applied Arts at $843,900,
               | which is lower than the median lifetime earnings for
               | those with a high school education, up to the highest
               | median field of engineering with earnings of $1,845,000.
               | 
               | For women, [1] shows median high school lifetime earnings
               | of $458,900, median bachelor's earnings for all fields of
               | $972,500, and lowest median bachelor's earnings of
               | $652,100 (Fine and Applied Arts), and a highest of
               | $1,169,100 (Business Administration). The interesting
               | thing to note is for women there is only 1 of 18 field
               | degree combinations (earnings are provided for bachelor's
               | and associate's) where the woman's lifetime earnings
               | decreases relative to a high school education alone (Fine
               | and Applied Arts associates median earnings are
               | $437,300). For men, 4 of 18 field degree combinations
               | will result in lower lifetime earnings relative to high
               | school education alone.
               | 
               | There is further analysis in [1] of the earnings
               | percentiles by each field showing that men with a
               | business degree earn the most at the 90 percentile. This
               | holds for women with a business degree.
               | 
               | I don't see if this has been restricted to those whose
               | highest education is a bachelor's degree or not, but
               | there is also work that has shown increases in earnings
               | by field for graduate or professional degrees [3]. It's
               | possible that those earnings premiums have been captured
               | in the reporting of [1], but [3] seems to come to the
               | conclusion that most business, arts, and social sciences
               | fields gain a large increase in salary for graduate or
               | professional degrees.
               | 
               | Hopefully those familiar with similar analysis from the
               | US could help to provide that information.
               | 
               | [1] https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-626-x/11-626-x
               | 2014040...
               | 
               | [2] https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-
               | quotidien/150911/dq150...
               | 
               | [3] https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/75-006-x/2018001/
               | article...
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | What percentage of all college students are going straight
             | into a $200,000 a year job?
        
               | MrFoof wrote:
               | Not only that, but in most markets those salaries _do not
               | exist_.
               | 
               | Even in markets that still pay well outside the valley
               | like Boston, that level of compensation is still
               | extremely limited and are < 1% of available positions
               | most of which are quite senior.
        
             | freewilly1040 wrote:
             | My question is, to what degree is college a training
             | center, and to what degree is it a toll bridge to the
             | middle class?
             | 
             | If I get charged $100 to cross a toll bridge in my car to
             | get to my job, I wouldn't consider myself to have gotten a
             | good deal, regardless of pay.
        
           | racl101 wrote:
           | > If huge chunks of future generations skip college because
           | it's unaffordable, that will be bad for us as a society. It
           | would be much better to reduce the cost of college so that
           | it's more valuable for more people, rather than having
           | younger generations opt out due to the high cost.
           | 
           | You'd think so. But then again look at healthcare in the US.
        
         | RandomLensman wrote:
         | Maybe, but I think it conflates two things: i) getting a
         | college education and ii) the price of it. Maybe the price in
         | the US just isn't right anymore.
         | 
         | At the same time, the "elites" do make sure their offspring
         | does get a prestigious (signaling) college/university
         | education. So baring big changes to how society is run, some
         | things will be difficult to get to without a college education.
        
           | thatfrenchguy wrote:
           | > Maybe the price in the US just isn't right anymore.
           | 
           | Has it be right since at least the 1990s though? There's
           | clear divergence between income and college costs in the USA,
           | and it's hard to see why, given everyone in the industry
           | seems to be taking a part of the honey pot. Seriously, how
           | did we arrive to "textbook for a semester are more expensive
           | than tuition is in other counties"?
        
             | zabzonk wrote:
             | > Seriously, how did we arrive to "textbook for a semester
             | are more expensive than tuition is in other counties"?
             | 
             | Academic corruption. They get kickbacks from the publishers
             | for forcing these (always crap) textbooks on their
             | students.
        
               | bernulli wrote:
               | That's not really a thing. Also, wait till you hear how
               | much an academic makes from the articles they publish,
               | and from those lucrative research grants from
               | big-[oil,pharma,etc].
        
               | zabzonk wrote:
               | > That's not really a thing.
               | 
               | Sorry, it is. I've worked in higher education and I've
               | seen it happen. What other explanation do you have for
               | the sales of these ludicrous "textbooks"?
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | It's not like there is a cheap alternative that the
               | professors can switch to. All new edition textbooks are
               | expensive. They can't specify out of print editions
               | because then you can't guarantee that your students can
               | get access to them, and the textbook companies update the
               | problems in the books just enough to make using a
               | different edition from the one specified impractical.
               | 
               | Some publishers may incentivize using their particular
               | textbook, but there isn't some vast conspiracy to jack up
               | prices. The fact is textbooks are a niche product with a
               | steep demand curve that can be paid for with subsidized
               | loans, of course they're going to be ridiculously
               | overpriced.
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | As a professor, create your own PDF and give it to all
               | the students free, update it if there's a new development
               | in the field, which is something you'd know as a
               | professor.
               | 
               | It is really not that hard, these professors often write
               | or collaborate on the textbooks themselves so they're
               | writing them anyway. If the textbook is needed for
               | learning and not just a way to get some extra money then
               | this would be standard practice.
        
               | professoretc wrote:
               | Yeah, I'm not even sure how that would work? Like, if my
               | department goes with a particular textbook, or a certain
               | number of classes all use textbooks from the same
               | publisher, then sometimes we get _discounts_ on things
               | like solutions manuals or custom editions, but I don 't
               | know how a publisher would pay a _particular professor_
               | for picking their textbook.
        
               | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
               | Well they all send you free books, in the hope you'll
               | pick their one.
        
               | zabzonk wrote:
               | Then don't require (note, require) students to buy
               | textbooks at all - what are these lecturers supposed to
               | be doing? Are there no libraries. Don't outdate them
               | every year to make second hand ones useless.
               | 
               | > ridiculously overpriced
               | 
               | Well, you admit it yourself.
               | 
               | And the books aren't even any good!
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | The lecturers are supposed to be lecturing.
               | 
               | 300 kids taking a course in a 90 day semester, 10 copies
               | in a library, each kid gets 3 days per semester with the
               | class textbook. Would you pay 25000 for that semester of
               | education? Maybe some students can go halvsies on a copy
               | but the number of copies of the book that you need is
               | roughly equivalent to the number of students. And before
               | you say "well why doesn't the library just buy more
               | copies" remember who pays for the library to buy those
               | copies.
               | 
               | The professors don't make the changes to the textbooks,
               | the publishers do. Professors don't like it either, they
               | have to update all of their materials every year to keep
               | up with the changes too.
               | 
               | No one is denying textbooks are expensive, I'm denying
               | the conspiracy theory that professors and publishers are
               | all colluding to manipulate the market.
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | I always found it funny that there were yearly rewrites
               | to textbooks on subjects which hadn't really changed that
               | much in hundreds of years. You telling me there isn't a
               | good calculus textbook in the public domain yet? Really?
               | This is a totally solvable problem, but the powers that
               | be are getting by on grift.
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | It's not the information in the chapters that changes,
               | it's the problems that students do for assignments that
               | change. For example a problem where one train is going
               | 105 mph and another is going 90 mph gets swapped for one
               | where one plane is going 605 mph and another is going
               | 590. Conceptually it's the same, but obviously a student
               | doing the one problem is going to get a radically
               | different answer from the one doing the other.
               | 
               | And while calculus might have some public domain works
               | that are acceptable, most fields have advanced pretty far
               | since 1925, which might I remind you was before the
               | discovery of DNA, penicillin, plate tectonics, molecular
               | orbital theory, the neutron, the invention of digital
               | electronics, Keynesian economics, Hemingway's first
               | novel, etc.
        
               | bernulli wrote:
               | You can compare the price of college textbooks to the
               | price of textbooks for professionals and you will see
               | there is no difference. It's simply a niche market.
               | 
               | Personally, I prefer decade old textbooks, hardcover,
               | beautifully typeset, clear diagrams and equations, black
               | and white. Of course that doesn't exist for every field.
               | But try to imagine the complaints you get from students
               | for teaching from 'obsolete' textbooks that aren't even
               | in four color print.
        
               | jasonladuke0311 wrote:
               | I'm guessing you haven't dealt with the spiral-bound,
               | Kinkos-printed "text" written by the professor, sold for
               | $75, and updated every semester to prevent resale?
               | 
               | My wife had two of these every semester for her last two
               | years of college.
        
               | bernulli wrote:
               | How is that a "kickback from the publishers for forcing
               | these (always crap) textbooks on their students" ?
               | 
               | I'm not denying that black sheep exist, I am denying a
               | pervasive conspiracy of "big textbook" to the benefit of
               | the professors.
               | 
               | Also, an easy solution to not everyone buying Kinko-
               | printed spiral bound lecture notes easily comes to
               | mind...
        
             | alisonkisk wrote:
             | Not all college is not expensive. Diploma mills and elite
             | colleges and pseudo-elite private colleges are expensive.
             | Liberal arts degrees are expensive. Your local public
             | community/technical college has great ROI for a career-
             | related field. In most states, your public university has a
             | great ROI as well. (If you are paying full price, it may be
             | because you are on the "diploma mills" track within a
             | multi-track school)
        
           | unpolloloco wrote:
           | The other problem is that prices have no relation to quality.
           | The random private university that will saddle you with $250k
           | in debt and no job prospects costs the same as Harvard, which
           | will both give you more aid and give you a foot in the door
           | pretty much anywhere. But the marketing to kids has been all
           | about finding the right "fit" - not finding the school that
           | will actually land them a job for a reasonable value.
           | 
           | And to top that off, career "fit" has been marketed so hard
           | to kids that no one wants to go into specialized trades,
           | which will both almost definitely pay way better and be way
           | more fulfilling than the random inside sales job that they
           | land right out of school
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | twoslide wrote:
         | Is the issue higher education (colleges/universities) or higher
         | education finance? Sounds like the latter.
        
         | dougmwne wrote:
         | I don't think your conclusion is suggested by the statistics in
         | the article. There is a decline in enrollment, but it is
         | heavily focused on men and white men are even slightly behind
         | other ethnicities. This holds true even for very high household
         | incomes where the ROI on a degree is less important than the
         | social prestige of being in a white collar career. If college
         | was a bad deal, you would see women opting out as well.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | A large generalization but in my experience women operate
           | under the assumption that they will marry a partner that has
           | equal or greater earning potential. Men assume that they will
           | have to support their partner.
           | 
           | The other part of this is kids and biological reality. Can't
           | imagine doing a trade or physical job while pregnant. Even
           | after birth it took my wife a solid year or more before she
           | was physically back to "normal".
        
           | zefool wrote:
           | Overall enrollment is down as well. It's mentioned in the
           | article.
        
           | SuoDuanDao wrote:
           | >If college was a bad deal, you would see women opting out as
           | well.
           | 
           | Not necessarily. Bad deals are generally taken due to
           | deceptive marketing, something that drove a lot of the
           | college applications over the last two generations. If
           | deceptive marketing is still in play but one group, e.g.
           | American men, is no longer being targeted...
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | You're conflating college with student loans. Not everyone who
         | goes to college comes out with tons, or even any debt.
         | Additionally, federal loans for undergraduate degrees are
         | capped (to ~$35kish right now). It is graduate school where
         | people end up with six-figures of high interest debt, as
         | graduate loans are unlimited.
         | 
         | You don't _need_ to go to college to be successful, but the
         | data speaks for itself. College graduates have always, on
         | average, earned more and enjoyed significantly lower
         | unemployment. Even if that weren 't the case, the fact that
         | college-level jobs are easier on the body and people can
         | generally do them well for 20+ years longer is a huge benefit.
         | 
         | I was raised by two blue collar people and my parents were big
         | on college. My father worked as an electrician and even by the
         | time I was 16, his body was starting to give out. He's
         | basically unable to ply his trade at this point due to several
         | complications related to his career, and works a near-minimum
         | wage office job now. I'm sure he would gladly trade half a
         | years salary when he was 18 to get an additional 20 high-
         | earning working years.
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | 35, renting and another 12k left here. I am in the (relatively)
         | lucky position that my loans are only about 6% interest so it's
         | not quite an emergency for me to pay them back. Selfishly I
         | stopped making extra payments to see if Biden actually kept his
         | campaign promise of a minimum $10k forgiveness, but of course
         | as soon as he was elected that disappeared.
         | 
         | I know classmates of mine (2008) who still have 20, 30, 40k in
         | debt. Even some of the kids who came from a bit of family money
         | still struggled for the better part of their 20's to pay
         | everything back.
        
       | phoehne wrote:
       | 4 unpopular opinions from an old:
       | 
       | 1) There's a point to education. Decide what you're going to do
       | and then prepare for it. Most likely you will need to get a job
       | that either does something for someone because it's specialized,
       | do something for someone because it's boring, or you will
       | entertain people. If you want to be an electrician, great, line
       | that up and get on with it. We need electricians. Going to
       | college isn't a goal. It's a strategy to get to a goal, but
       | that's not what we tell kids. We tell them it's the goal. If you
       | want to go to college because you want to work as a civil
       | engineer - awesome - we need civil engineers. Going to college to
       | study civil engineering isn't the goal - working as a civil
       | engineer is the goal. Many jobs, like licensed Civil Engineer,
       | oncologist, or attorney from YouTube videos (even if you read
       | _all_ the comments), require education ** as a strategy to get
       | the job **. Other jobs require you work for a licensed
       | practitioner. Some require a mix of the two (e.g. CPA or Welder).
       | 
       | 2) I see too many men have extended adolescences into their 40's.
       | If you want to man up, here's the list: 1) take care of the kids,
       | 2) take care of the spouse, 3) take care of your job, 4) take
       | care of your house, 5) your community, and somewhere along 8, 9
       | or 10 is 'spend Saturday on the phone with you college buddies
       | from 2007, on your fantasy draft.' If you're childless an
       | unmarried, the list is 1) take care of your job, take care of
       | your house, 3) take care of your community. I see too many guys
       | with the list that focuses on fun. Many of them are unmarried.
       | Mammals are expected to invest in their children. Men who show no
       | ability to invest in anything besides themselves are probably
       | signaling they are poor choices as mates. This is not to say they
       | can't get laid, but are probably not messaging well as a long
       | term bet. I suspect they over-compensate for their poor signaling
       | by signaling hyper masculinity. They buy trucks they don't need,
       | spend too much time at the gym, or engage in high-risk
       | activities.
       | 
       | 3) The better the job, the farther it is away from being
       | automated. No one runs to a room to look up your records at the
       | DMV any more - we've automated those clerks away through
       | computers. Call centers are largely automated - thanks to
       | computers. Bus and truck drivers will eventually be automated
       | away - thanks to computers. If your job can be done by anyone
       | with a few hours or days of training, chances are it will be
       | automated away. This includes programmers, as well. Companies
       | like Square will chip away at the market from the bottom up and
       | hyper-scalers from the top down. Developers with the depth of
       | knowledge (usually obtained by getting degrees and often advanced
       | degrees) are better off than going through a boot camp to put
       | buttons on a page. Whatever your field, make sure you are able to
       | do something that automating it away would be impractical.
       | 
       | 4) Some skills and jobs are more valuable than others. If you
       | want to be a music producer or DJ, awesome. You be you. Just
       | realize that unless you're better than 99.999% of the other
       | wannabe music producers, DJs, indie game developers, founders
       | with a 'great idea,' or whatever it is, you will make little
       | money. If you want to be a successful book keeper, it's nowhere
       | near as hard and requires only a little more preparation. While
       | people may stream your latest mix on as free wall paper music,
       | they will pay you good money to maintain their financial records
       | and any related filings with the US Treasury or state agencies.
       | That's not saying music is worthless, but it does say the average
       | book keeper is more valuable to most people than the average
       | musician. You're more likely to pay off that degree you got in
       | Empathy Studies as a book keeper than DJ.
       | 
       | What does all this have to do with the article? 1) people are
       | becoming disillusioned with education for the wrong reason. They
       | think that being smart and learned is just a con because they (or
       | someone they know) got an education in a random major and is
       | struggling. 2) Growing up asks how you can be of service rather
       | than how someone can serve you - and I see a lot of men not
       | growing up. Signaling you're a grownup will generally improve
       | your fit and function in a society where people expect grownups.
       | 3) Easy jobs disappear easily - you need to have enough
       | investment in your skill, trade, or business that you provide
       | more value than a shell script. 4) No one cares about your shitty
       | music except maybe your girlfriend (she's lying) and your mother
       | (also lying). Even if you're an entrepreneur, you're filling a
       | need for someone else so think about the utility and value of
       | what you're doing.
       | 
       | That's it. That's all there is to it.
        
       | frankbreetz wrote:
       | On the other side: A stat shared at my most recent tech companies
       | meeting, they are trying to hire more women.
       | 
       | 5000 people applied for a single position and 15 of them were
       | women. This was for a high paying tech job.
        
         | notanzaiiswear wrote:
         | They left out actual subjects chosen by students in the
         | article.
         | 
         | Still, doesn't that story also point to a surplus of engineers?
        
           | exporectomy wrote:
           | Computer science is the 3rd most popular subject for men but
           | 18th for women. [1]
           | 
           | https://www.statista.com/statistics/967826/number-
           | bachelors-...
           | 
           | Women really really like to study subjects related to people
           | - even "homeland security, law enforcement and firefighting"
           | is more popular among women than computer science.
        
         | finiteseries wrote:
         | What proportion are American raised/educated?
         | 
         | Mirrors my experience though, and probably many in eg finance
         | as well. There is a clear, well publicized path from degree ->
         | money that any middle class+ guy can walk.
         | 
         | Sad the article doesn't go into specifics though, it's all just
         | "degrees".
        
         | tchaffee wrote:
         | What does your job description say? What are your company
         | reviews on Glassdoor? What does the whisper network say about
         | what it's like to work as a woman in tech at your company?
         | 
         | Using a low estimate of 15% of CS degrees going to women, you'd
         | get 750 women applying.
         | 
         | What are you doing to get so many women to give your company an
         | immediate rejection and apply somewhere else?
        
           | tarsinge wrote:
           | > Using a low estimate of 15% of CS degrees going to women,
           | you'd get 750 women applying.
           | 
           | High paying usually means senior, seniority is usually 5-10
           | years, so you would need 15% 10 years ago.
        
             | tchaffee wrote:
             | Yep, that's why I used 15% because over the past 20 years
             | it never dipped that low.
             | 
             | Here's one source that shows 10 years ago it would have
             | been about 18%.
             | 
             | https://www.aps.org/programs/education/statistics/womenmajo
             | r...
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | Perhaps frankbreetz works for a company that isn't very cool,
           | making it people's third choice; and a disproportionate
           | number of women got hired by their first or second choice
           | employer.
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | > Using a low estimate of 15% of CS degrees going to women,
           | you'd get 750 women applying.
           | 
           | There were three in my cohort of ~35; and that was much more
           | dense on that programme that was a (more CS-oriented) subset
           | of the EE department's variants - something like 15 of 400 in
           | first year, higher ratio (i.e. fewer female drop-outs/more
           | doing MEng) by the end I think though. Only a few years ago.
           | 
           | And even then, your conclusion is only valid for a graduate
           | entry role - for something more senior you'd need to at least
           | look at grad rates further back, if not what happens to
           | people once in industry. (We've also assumed 100% grads - or
           | even male/female anyway - do apply to industry at all, vs.
           | not, or something else, or staying in academia, etc. I expect
           | that's roughly true though.)
        
             | tchaffee wrote:
             | > for something more senior you'd need to at least look at
             | grad rates further back
             | 
             | Sure. They have never dipped as low as 15% which is why I
             | used it as very safe and generous number. Here's one
             | source.
             | 
             | https://www.aps.org/programs/education/statistics/womenmajo
             | r...
             | 
             | > if not what happens to people once in industry
             | 
             | Indeed. What happens to people after they get a job is a
             | relevant factor. It would be interesting to see both
             | dropout rates over a career lifetime and if senior level
             | women in tech are concentrated in a group of companies
             | known to be good to work at via the whisper network.
             | 
             | Even age is a factor. Most folks don't stick with their CS
             | job until retirement age, although some are smart enough to
             | save and retire before that age. Age discrimination is not
             | exactly rare though.
             | 
             | I have no idea where I'd get that kind of data or if it
             | even exists, but maybe someone else does.
             | 
             | Given that kind of data, an industry with a constant
             | deficit of qualified senior level candidates would do well
             | to improve that situation by figuring out how to reduce the
             | dropouts.
        
         | pwthornton wrote:
         | One thing I am starting to wonder about is if there is a
         | systematic guidance counseling failing in high schools and
         | colleges. There are so many well paying tech jobs that we just
         | aren't getting that many candidates for. Forget not having a
         | great gender ratio, it is often hard to find a lot of
         | candidates for my openings. If I can't offer sponsorship, it
         | can take awhile
         | 
         | There clearly seems to be a lot more knowledge in some
         | countries about which jobs lead to high paying careers, and the
         | U.S. still has an antiquated mindset about this.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | > a lot more knowledge in some countries about which jobs
           | lead to high paying careers
           | 
           | The knowledge is there and completely trivial to obtain.
           | Google "starting salaries for XXXX major".
        
           | BeFlatXIII wrote:
           | It's also a failure on schools to prepare their top students
           | for the useless signalling rituals necessary to _get_ the job
           | in the first place. Either it 's a life skills class in high
           | school teaching you how to fill out paper applications for a
           | part-time job and an interview that will take anyone with a
           | pulse who doesn't mouth off to the interviewer or it's a
           | career development department that is optimized for getting
           | business majors management internships but either clueless or
           | 15 years old advice for getting started in STEM fields.
           | 
           | Good programs exist in this space, but they're the exception
           | (and no single person can possibly create a properly
           | comprehensive survey without resorting to opinion polling).
        
           | aogaili wrote:
           | When I was studying software engineering, I met a girl who
           | switched major after the first year.
           | 
           | I saw her again once in the lab, and I asked her why did you
           | switch, she said, and I quote her exact words: "why would I
           | sit and code all day when I've this a$$, pointing at her
           | back."
           | 
           | I honestly didn't know what to say afterward. Our program had
           | special scholarship for women, and we had only one woman (out
           | of 30 or so) and that was more than 10 years ago.
        
             | aogaili wrote:
             | Why the downvote? I don't share her opinion, I'm just
             | sharing an encounter I had. I was really surprised by her
             | response, coming from different culture to the west, both
             | of my parents are engineers.
             | 
             | I met several great women developers in my career and I
             | personally think the field will benefit a lot by having
             | more diverse perspectives on the tools being created.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > I met several great women developers in my career
               | 
               | Why is the other one poster child for feminity? I met
               | guys who dropped out of college, because they could not
               | keep grades due to regular whole night gaming.
               | 
               | I met guys who switched out of CS, because they could not
               | pass exams despite trying.
               | 
               | In both gender, you get some amount of irresponsible,
               | disinterested, troublemakers or simply people with too
               | many mental issues to finish any school.
        
               | aogaili wrote:
               | Agreed,I don't want generalize.
               | 
               | But that incident stuck in my head because I expected
               | many answers but not the one she gave! Anyway, it was a
               | light hearted conversation not to be taken seriously.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | You'll actually find similar gender disparities in China and
           | India. Maybe not as pronounced as the USA, but it's still
           | there. Somehow there is something going on throughout the
           | industry that crosses cultural boundaries.
        
             | pharmakom wrote:
             | From a sample of 3 countries (two with very traditional
             | gender roles), I'm not convinced. In Eastern Europe
             | software engineering was a female dominated field.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | > From a sample of 3 countries (two with very traditional
               | gender roles), I'm not convinced.
               | 
               | These are the three biggest countries (40% of the world
               | population), and also the ones most represented in tech
               | here in the USA, at least (because they are the biggest).
        
               | mpweiher wrote:
               | That's the gender-equality paradox, STEM version: the
               | more gender-equal a society, the more the genders self-
               | segregate occupationally.
               | 
               | It's important that this is not about any absolute value,
               | but about the sign of the correlation. The "blank slate"
               | hypothesis would predict that the correlation is
               | positive, i.e. the more gender equal a society, the more
               | equal the distribution.
               | 
               | The opposite is actually the case, the correlation is
               | negative.
               | 
               | This _strongly_ suggests that the statistical differences
               | in occupational preferences have an innate cause. That
               | difference is _moderated_ by societal influence, not
               | caused by it. When societal pressure are lessened or
               | removed, the innate differences manifest more strongly.
               | 
               | And of course, it needs to be stressed that these are
               | statistical differences, not categorical ones, just like
               | the outcomes are statistical and not categorical.
        
               | Bayart wrote:
               | It's a legacy of socialist regimes enforcing gender
               | ratios. Gender disparity is usually proportional to
               | freedom of choice. ie. countries where there's less
               | pressure to choose a particular field are more disparate
               | in their gender ratios across disciplines.
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | I was born in USSR and I don't recall any aspect there
               | that would amount to "enforcing gender ratios". The way I
               | recall the "gender politics" of the communist 1980s was
               | that formally, gender was effectively ignored; in
               | practice there were quite some prejudices; but the notion
               | of discrimination wasn't even discussed much so anything
               | similar to "affirmative action" or even caring about
               | gender ratio would be quite alien to that regime.
               | 
               | And yes, there were proportionally quite many female
               | engineers and computer scientists. I might guess that
               | this perhaps was facilitated by prejudices/discrimination
               | in the "more macho" fields of construction engineering
               | and industrial engineering, so all the high school girls
               | with good STEM results would go to math and computer
               | science fields instead of all the programs with a focus
               | on heavy industry - but even those had a decent
               | proportion of female engineers.
        
               | orwin wrote:
               | I'm not sure about that, i've hear Professor Emeritus
               | Mallard talk about his youth in the genetical field and
               | the first use of computers to assist geneticists, he told
               | me that he basically never saw men doing computer work,
               | and that changed in the 80s, along with the culture.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | There were a _lot_ of women in computing in the 50s, 60s,
               | and 70s, and they 've mostly been forgotten by the "Women
               | don't really like this stuff" crowd.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | I never encountered any in the 70s.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | Were they 'into' it though, or did the nature of the
               | secretarial work they were doing change? At least as I
               | understand it, that was predominantly (of _course_ there
               | were exceptions, and female scientists, etc.!) the reason
               | for the rise and fall of it.
               | 
               | I'm not arguing for or against '"Women don't really like
               | this stuff"' - I'm just saying an example against it
               | needs to be women liking this stuff, not merely doing
               | this stuff.
        
               | wheelinsupial wrote:
               | Apparently the amount of women in computer science majors
               | peaked in the early-80s around 36-37%: https://www.npr.or
               | g/sections/money/2014/10/21/357629765/when...
        
               | twic wrote:
               | The story i've heard is that the olden days, operating a
               | computer was seen as clerical work, just like being a
               | secretary, so ideally suited to women.
               | 
               | Then we got 8-bit microcomputers in every home, and
               | operating a computer became a technical hobby, so ideally
               | suited to boys.
               | 
               | The generation of boys growing up playing with computers,
               | and girls not playing with computers, swamped any
               | existing biases in the industry.
               | 
               | I wonder if the communist countries had the former phase,
               | but because not so many homes had computers, not the
               | latter.
        
               | notanzaiiswear wrote:
               | How many women were in electronics? I think the 8 Bit
               | Homecomputer thing grew out of the electronics hobby, not
               | office computers.
        
               | zajio1am wrote:
               | > The story i've heard is that the olden days, operating
               | a computer was seen as clerical work, just like being a
               | secretary, so ideally suited to women.
               | 
               | The fact is that in the old days, there really was plenty
               | of clerical work around computers that just disappeared.
               | Like rewritting data to punched cards and swapping wheels
               | with punched tapes. My grandmother worked in 'data-
               | processing facility' in a communist country, the facility
               | employed many women, but they were (from whay i heard)
               | essentially clerical positions without much CS/EE
               | knowledge.
        
               | oldsecondhand wrote:
               | It's a legacy of socialist systems where you can have 2
               | years of paid maternity leave and then go back to your
               | previous job.
        
               | notanzaiiswear wrote:
               | Also I guess you HAVE to go back to your job. Everybody
               | has to do their part for society.
        
               | Aerroon wrote:
               | The Soviet Union also tried to encourage having children.
               | Not only did they have maternity leave, there was even a
               | 6% income tax on childlessness.
        
               | burntoutfire wrote:
               | Not true, at least not in Communist Poland. Jobless
               | single men were sometimes prosecuted, but a stay-at-home-
               | mom was something completely normal in families which
               | could afford it (which there weren't that many of).
        
             | pwthornton wrote:
             | I'm not commenting on gender disparities in other
             | countries, although I have seen first hand what you are
             | saying about China and India. What I am saying is that when
             | I hire for various tech jobs, I get a ton of non-American
             | candidates. It can be hard to find good American candidates
             | at times. The demand for the jobs is there, but it's
             | clearly not be communicated to American high school and
             | college kids enough.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | I have come to realize that most people have no idea how
               | much freaking money people are making in the corporate
               | world...especially in tech. They simply have no exposure
               | except to opportuities or jobs that take a decade or more
               | to work up to the salary that barely-graduated college
               | kids are being pushed to in tech.
               | 
               | We are talking about whole population segments that dream
               | of one day making $75k. They know that tech pays well but
               | have no idea how outlandish the pay is compared to their
               | experiences and expectations. They think their
               | counterpart is tech is making $10k more than them, when
               | in fact they are probably making $50-100k more.
        
           | throwaway6734 wrote:
           | > Forget not having a great gender ratio, it is often hard to
           | find a lot of candidates for my openings.
           | 
           | Is your company paying a reasonable rate? I know a few people
           | looking for entry level jobs in tech and they have trouble
           | getting callbacks
        
             | pwthornton wrote:
             | We pay well, but not Google or Apple well. Not being a huge
             | tech shop, we don't have a lot of H1-B opportunities laying
             | around, which means I mostly deal with domestic candidates.
             | I'll get candidates, for sure, but it can take awhile to
             | fill roles.
             | 
             | These are well paying jobs, but they do require a certain
             | amount of skills. A lot of kids are getting college
             | degrees, but coming out without enough skills to land a lot
             | of in-demand jobs.
        
       | underseacables wrote:
       | Core classes should be cut in Half at least. University has
       | become grossly over priced, because the government is picking up
       | the tab, which has incentivized universities to add as many costs
       | and classes as possible.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | What these men don't understand, and nobody is telling them
       | directly, is that college is how you essesntially conspire to
       | manage (extract value from) the people who didn't go. College
       | education is a tribe initiation, and you are in or you aren't.
       | The pretenses and pretexts of subject matter and socializing are
       | secondary to this one big thing.
       | 
       | Everyone who graduates knows this, and this is the quiet part
       | most won't even say out loud to themselves, and so we hear it's
       | for other reasons like knowledge, relationships, and the
       | experience. We will deny it and even gaslight people over it,
       | because it's our source of social power, but for young men who
       | need the concept framed concretely, this is the real choice.
       | 
       | What these young men need to be told is: the way the world really
       | works is, there are people who graduated, and people who didn't.
       | The latter almost exclusively work for the former, and the former
       | find each other so that they can assign them to manage the latter
       | on their behalf. Further, the former work together to ensure that
       | they do not work for the latter, or have any accountability to
       | them. As an individual non-graduate, you will _always_ be working
       | against a literal conspiracy against you. The exceptions who
       | appear to  "break through" and succeed, mainly exist and have
       | their stories promoted to preserve the invisibility of the
       | ceiling and keep you running on hope.
       | 
       | Sure, you can make "six figures" (the stupidest euphemism for
       | 100k that is the very bottom end salary of membership in the
       | current elite) in a trades job, but what you will not have is
       | opportunity. Salary means nothing if it is not supported by
       | opportunity, autonomy, leverage into assets, and transferrable
       | social status to your kids.
       | 
       | The result is predictable, where they're having their countries,
       | political levers, cultures and opportunities taken from them
       | because they didn't realize they needed defending.
       | 
       | If you have decided not to graduate, welcome to the underclass.
       | They'll tell you that you do it to yourself, and you'll probably
       | never understand.
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | Ignoring the flowery text here.. this is pretty spot-on. My
         | brother in law is an amazing people person. He's able to
         | convince anyone of anything. He always "knows a guy" and "is
         | that person's second cousin". Never waits on line at a bar, and
         | always the life of the party.
         | 
         | This guy was born for sales.
         | 
         | Perhaps unsurprisingly he also was terrible in college. Just
         | did not work with his brain. He dropped out, worked some odd
         | jobs, settled in to working a tree company, cutting down trees.
         | Dangerous work to say the least.
         | 
         | He finally went back to school and took like 2 classes a
         | semester and graduated with whatever degree he could string
         | together from the local college, and it took him ages, I think
         | he spent 7 years total in undergrad. It was affordable because
         | it was just some local state school.
         | 
         | 2 months after graduation? He's a sales rep at a B2B software
         | firm. A year later he's the top of his sales group. His
         | potential is huge now, and that door was firmly shut to him
         | before he graduated. College, for him, was just a piece of
         | paper he needed, and his life took a dramatic turn when he got
         | it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dontthinkso wrote:
         | Disagree, I have several friends who dropped out, and my
         | brother dropped out of high school, and he is making 150k. A
         | college degree will soon be a recognized as unnecessary.
        
       | zepto wrote:
       | "Young men get little help, in part, because schools are focused
       | on encouraging historically underrepresented students. Jerlando
       | Jackson, department chair, Education Leadership and Policy
       | Analysis, at the University of Wisconsin's School of Education,
       | said few campuses have been willing to spend limited funds on
       | male underachievement that would also benefit white men, risking
       | criticism for assisting those who have historically held the
       | biggest educational advantages."
       | 
       | So this is a direct result of the move away from color blind
       | policies, to race based policies.
       | 
       | > Keith E. Smith, a mental-health counselor and men's outreach
       | coordinator at the University of Vermont, said that when he
       | started working at the school in 2006 he found that men were much
       | more likely to face consequences for the trouble they caused
       | under the influence of drugs and alcohol.
       | 
       | This is exactly what black students report as racism in school.
       | 
       | Seems like evidence that race based policies are just racist.
       | 
       | > In 2008, Mr. Smith proposed a men's center to help male
       | students succeed. The proposal drew criticism from women who
       | asked, "Why would you give more resources to the most privileged
       | group on campus," he said. Funding wasn't appropriated, he said,
       | and the center was never built.
       | 
       | Obviously white men are not in fact privileged on university
       | campuses.
       | 
       | "Female students in the U.S. benefit from a support system
       | established decades ago, spanning a period when women struggled
       | to gain a foothold on college campuses. There are more than 500
       | women's centers at schools nationwide. Most centers host clubs
       | and organizations that work to help female students succeed."
       | 
       | Men are failing _because it is the policy not to support them._
        
         | wasmburger wrote:
         | I also wonder about those in Silicon Valley telling young men
         | "don't go to college" and the mostly male fascination with
         | entrepreneurship and crytocurrency. The entire meme stock and
         | "apes together are strong" seems like a young male flex. Could
         | it be that college is just seen as "gay"?
         | 
         | Are Academics Disproportionately Gay? A new analysis suggests
         | that's the case, and that academic work -- at once solitary and
         | social in nature -- makes it particularly attractive to those
         | who are not straight.
         | 
         | https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2016/01/26/study-suggest...
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | > Men are failing because it is the policy not to support them.
         | 
         | And because _men need the support_. I suspect that a lot fewer
         | men needed support in, say, 1950.
         | 
         | Why do more men need support than did in 1950? I think the
         | first reason may be because of education. Our education system
         | is failing in a way that it wasn't in 1950. (This may be too
         | harsh. If, say, 10% of high school graduates went to college in
         | 1950, and 50% do now, then that means that the top 10% then
         | were more prepared for college than the top 50% are now. But
         | apples-to-apples would be to ask whether the top 10% then were
         | better prepared than the top 10% are now. I don't have a good
         | feel for the answer to that question.)
        
           | II2II wrote:
           | The other thing add that it is okay to support men who need
           | that support. This was exactly what the Ontario Ministry of
           | Education was encouraging men to get into teaching a decade
           | ago. _They had data that showed boys attainment of literacy
           | was declining and viewed more male role models as a potential
           | solution_.
           | 
           | It is also worth noting that providing supports for men does
           | not mean removing supports for other under represented
           | groups.
        
           | zepto wrote:
           | > And because men need the support. I suspect that a lot
           | fewer men needed support in, say, 1950. > Why do more men
           | need support than did in 1950?
           | 
           | My answer is that when men were the vast majority consumers
           | of higher education _the system was built to support them_.
           | 
           | This accords with what the social justice people would say,
           | and I think they are right about that.
           | 
           | What they are wrong about is that men _today_ should be
           | denied support _that other groups have today_ because men in
           | the 1950s had support that other groups in the 1950s did not
           | have.
        
         | teawrecks wrote:
         | After a few hundred years of race/gender based policies working
         | in favor of whites/males, I don't know what else we would
         | expect from a deliberate effort to reverse it. You can't expect
         | to play a game, give one team an advantage for the first half,
         | give neither team an advantage in the second half, and call it
         | a fair game at the end. Yeah, it sucks for individuals in the
         | meantime, but we were simply never going to achieve an equal
         | opportunity society without taking from the group who was
         | unfairly advantaged.
         | 
         | If it stays this way for an extended period of time, then yeah,
         | we will end up creating the inverse problem, but for now I
         | don't know what else anyone expected. We just need to keep an
         | eye on it, use science, don't hide any data, and have a well
         | informed plan on how to ease back affirmative action as we
         | determine that we have succeeded in undoing centuries of
         | unfairness.
        
           | rkk3 wrote:
           | > After a few hundred years of race/gender based policies
           | working in favor of whites/males, I don't know what else we
           | would expect from a deliberate effort to reverse it
           | 
           | White hasn't even meant the same thing for over a hundred
           | years in America. Treating "white males" as a monolithic
           | group is a vast over-simplification of all the different sub-
           | groups and cultures who were not equally advantaged.
        
           | zepto wrote:
           | > You can't expect to play a game, give one team an advantage
           | for the first half, give neither team an advantage in the
           | second half, and call it a fair game at the end.
           | 
           | The game you are referring to is one in which _you
           | presuppose_ dividing people into 'teams'.
           | 
           | I.e. you are simply assuming that racism is forever and that
           | the only fairness comes dividing people by race and then
           | balancing resources according to racial groups.
           | 
           | This is just more racism. It's not the only solution.
           | 
           | We don't have to ignore the effects of racism. There is
           | nothing wrong with looking at _the kinds of disadvantage it
           | has produced_ and then acting to support those who are
           | impacted.
           | 
           | However if we apply that support through racialized policies,
           | we will never solve the problem.
           | 
           | For example, we can see that black people historically are
           | disproportionately impacted by policies that have prevented
           | wealth building, such as redlining. Of course so have groups
           | of low class white people been denied access to assets, just
           | to a lesser extent.
           | 
           | A racist solution would be to give advantages to black
           | people.
           | 
           | A non-racist solution is to support _anyone_ who has been
           | less advantaged in wealth building.
           | 
           | This will still disproportionately benefit black people but
           | will be self-balancing and won't perpetuate racism or
           | permanently embed it into our political and legal systems.
        
             | teawrecks wrote:
             | > The game you are referring to is one in which you
             | presuppose dividing people into 'teams'.
             | 
             | No, you're arguing against an artifact the analogy instead
             | of acting in good faith to understand the meaning.
             | 
             | Consider a game where all players are independent, but the
             | "referee" arbitrarily chose half of the players to get an
             | advantage. Let that be team 1, and everyone else be team 2.
             | We got a new referee in the 2nd half, and that ref wants it
             | to be a fair game; would it be unfair for them to
             | acknowledging and try to correct for the 1st ref's team
             | choices?
             | 
             | (Now if you argue that there is no "referee" in real life,
             | I'm going to assume you are being willingly obstinate.)
             | 
             | > A non-racist solution is to support anyone who has been
             | less advantaged in wealth building.
             | 
             | So socialism, totally agree, in general that is the
             | direction we should move back towards.
             | 
             | But take note that you'll then have minorities who were
             | forced to work 10x harder than their white peers say,
             | "wtf?! I put in all that extra work to pull myself up by my
             | bootstraps, and now you're just going to hand out success
             | to everyone? I feel disenfranchised!"
             | 
             | In a "fair" race, that person who worked 10x harder than
             | their peers should be appreciably further along in the
             | "game". The only way to make that correction is to
             | acknowledge the divide already drawn by the first
             | "referee".
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | As far as I can see you just restated the idea of
               | dividing the world into teams based on race. That isn't
               | an artifact of the analogy.
               | 
               | That is the basis of racism.
               | 
               | We can accept that a game like this was played, stop
               | playing it, and work to undo the damage without
               | continuing to play the game.
               | 
               | >> A non-racist solution is to support anyone who has
               | been less advantaged in wealth building.
               | 
               | > So socialism, totally agree, in general that is the
               | direction we should move back towards.
               | 
               | No, I don't view socialism favorably and it's not
               | implied. Creating institutions or programs that
               | facilitate higher levels of economic participation by
               | those who start with less does not imply socialism.
        
               | teawrecks wrote:
               | No, no individual or group consciously decided how races
               | should be divided, that happened naturally. What you're
               | saying its that acknowledging the divide exists is
               | racist, which is the classic "color blind" excuse.
        
         | chakkepolja wrote:
         | Men don't complain. It's not the male biological imperative.
         | 
         | Consider modern "feminists" and their obesity-is-fine
         | propaganda. No man complains about male underwear models being
         | very fit and handsome. If anything, men want to become like
         | them.
        
           | btreecat wrote:
           | How is that a biological imperative and not just another form
           | of social conditioning?
        
       | wasmburger wrote:
       | I wonder if it could be because masculinity is being challenged
       | on campus in the current era. Why would a male who has issues
       | with women want to go to a place where he will be challenged to
       | change his views in sensitivty and toxic masculinity courses?
       | Conversely, why would a male who does not have issues with women
       | go to a place where he will be labeled as having toxic
       | masculinity? It's not like these issues haven't been all over the
       | press for years.
       | 
       | #MeToo Is Making Colleges Teach Toxic Masculinity 101
       | 
       | https://www.thedailybeast.com/metoo-is-making-colleges-teach...
       | 
       | Toxic Masculinity and Higher Education
       | 
       | https://www.higheredjobs.com/Articles/articleDisplay.cfm?ID=...
       | 
       | And so on. A quick search turns up 1000's of such links
        
         | s5300 wrote:
         | This just in, people who have to spend the vast majority of
         | their time studying don't enjoy being around raging douchebags
         | in the bit of free time they have not studying
         | 
         | More news at 11
         | 
         | Also, your insinuation that males without issues with women
         | equates to "toxic masculinity" is hilariously indicative of
         | your personality.
         | 
         | Go outside and touch grass and talk to people, yeesh
        
         | aeoleonn wrote:
         | Exactly. Universities have become a sink of misandrist
         | neomarxist thought.
         | 
         | It has led to an atmosphere of intellectual immaturity and
         | victim-mentality-agrandizement. Universities now feel more like
         | a coddled highschool experience than adulthood.
         | 
         | Don't expect intelligent, strong-minded, strong-willed men to
         | accept such silly, degenerate distractions from the supposed
         | goal of these universities (to provide "education", skills,
         | network, etc.).
        
         | DasIch wrote:
         | The term "toxic masculinity" does not and is not intended to
         | imply that masculinity itself is toxic.
        
           | doubleunplussed wrote:
           | I don't know anyone who believes this. Words mean what
           | they're intended to mean and interpreted to mean, and that's
           | how it's used in practice. Claiming otherwise is just a bald-
           | faced "nuh-uh" when people who use the term are confronted
           | with the double standard.
           | 
           | If there wasn't at least a little bit of complicity in it
           | being interpreted as a general diss on masculinity, the term
           | would never have caught on, or a different term would have
           | been chosen in the first place. In the face of repeated
           | misunderstandings, people using the term would pick a new
           | one. They haven't done that. Why? It seems to me that they
           | are quite happy to be "misunderstood" 95% of the time.
           | 
           | The gender swapped equivalent seems to be "internalised
           | misogyny". Do you think I could get away with calling it
           | "toxic femininity" instead? Nobody would let that pass. Do
           | you think I could get away with calling any obviously bad
           | behaviour associated with femininity, "toxic femininity", at
           | all? I don't think I could.
           | 
           | It's widely considered by men to be an insulting term, and if
           | people who use it don't want to insult people, they should
           | pick another one. They don't though, which is telling.
        
             | wwweston wrote:
             | > I don't know anyone who believes this.
             | 
             | Anyone who actually knows what adjectives are and how they
             | work believes this.
             | 
             | Or people familiar enough with the substance of the
             | discussion to know it includes discussion of what _healthy_
             | masculinity is. Here 's an easy-to-digest example:
             | 
             | https://ifunny.co/picture/if-you-ever-find-yourself-
             | confused...
             | 
             | > Do you think I could get away with calling it "toxic
             | femininity" instead? Nobody would let that pass.
             | 
             | Oh, yes. Nobody would dare talk use the phrase toxic
             | femininity. /s
             | 
             | https://www.news18.com/news/buzz/women-vs-women-toxic-
             | femini...
             | 
             | https://thoughtcatalog.com/january-
             | nelson/2020/07/15-example...
             | 
             | https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/sex-sexuality-and-
             | ro...
             | 
             | https://www.forbes.com/sites/drnancydoyle/2021/07/13/we-
             | need...
             | 
             | https://www.buzzfeed.com/ryanschocket2/toxic-femininity-
             | exam...
             | 
             | https://www.yesweekly.com/opinion/toxic-femininity-the-
             | under...
             | 
             | If you really think that femininity doesn't come under the
             | microscope, then one can only assume you have no
             | substantial familiarity with feminism.
        
               | belorn wrote:
               | All pejorative has a literal interpretation that is not
               | pejorative. The question generally lies in how it will
               | get interpreted and what implied message it carries. In
               | most cases there exist a non-pejorative word that can
               | used as a substitute which does not carry the same
               | disrespectful connotation and hostility. As the
               | pejoration of the word occurs, the assumptions that
               | occurs is that continued usage has the intention of
               | hostility.
        
               | wwweston wrote:
               | > All pejorative has a literal interpretation that is not
               | pejorative.
               | 
               | Even assuming that's true, it doesn't follow that every
               | literal interpretation should be or is understood as
               | pejorative, which leads to the question of why _this one_
               | should be understood that way.
               | 
               | Given that toxic masculinity has specific definitions and
               | specific criticisms to offer that distinguish critically
               | targeted behavior AND also has associated discussion
               | affirming desirable masculine behavior, it makes much
               | more sense to treat it as a specific technique than a
               | general attack on masculinity.
               | 
               | Unless, of course, you think that things like bullying or
               | other forms of social violence for the purpose of
               | establishing personal dominance or personal entertainment
               | is part and parcel with masculinity. Which sounds kindof,
               | I don't know... poisonous or something to me.
        
               | belorn wrote:
               | Pejoration is not prevented by a specific definition, and
               | there is many examples of perfectly fine words being
               | turned into a pejorative. As an example there is a very
               | nice defined alternative word for happiness that was
               | commonly used in songs which has no perfect modern
               | substitute, and yet because of a different interpretation
               | this word can't be used because those hearing it will
               | interpret a disrespectful connotation and hostility.
               | 
               | > bullying or other forms of social violence for the
               | purpose of establishing personal dominance or personal
               | entertainment is part and parcel with masculinity
               | 
               | For those who think neither of those has anything to do
               | with masculinity, using the word masculinity to describe
               | it would be wrong. One could be a bit colorful to call it
               | a poisonous use of words, ie injecting an harmful
               | substance into the language.
               | 
               | A few decades ago researchers looked at how language get
               | used in conflicts, and they had a major discover. The
               | most effective way to enable people to attack other
               | people is to describe other human being as being less
               | than human. Toxic waste. Insects. Poison. Garbage.
               | Language that dehumanizing groups of people and
               | dehumanizing their behavior is almost a requirement in
               | order for human on human violence.
        
               | heurisko wrote:
               | > Oh, yes. Nobody would dare talk use the phrase toxic
               | femininity. /s
               | 
               | I think people certainly use the phrase "toxic
               | femininity", but such examples are from the long-tail.
               | 
               | In institutions, it is no-where near as discussed as much
               | as "toxic masculinity", and probably discussing it would
               | be be frowned upon.
               | 
               | You can see mentions of "toxic masculinity" amongst
               | United Nations literature, for example, which can't be
               | said for "toxic femininity". For example, the expectation
               | of being the breadwinner of the family is said to be one
               | of the things that is "rooted in a patriarchal culture,
               | creat[ing] toxic masculinity". [1]
               | 
               | What isn't said, is that the expectation to become a
               | competent man who is tries to support his family can also
               | be a positive example of masculinity (and indeed is
               | desirable to women), in addition to being the traditional
               | one.
               | 
               | If this expectation is cast only being a "toxic" one,
               | then that is a confusing message for young men, and
               | leaves them without what was one of the traditional
               | motivation for going to college, and improving yourself,
               | so that you can get a good job and better shoulder
               | responsibility when you want to start a family.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2019/2/compil
               | ation-b...
        
               | wwweston wrote:
               | > I think people certainly use the phrase "toxic
               | femininity", but such examples are from the long-tail.
               | 
               | Forbes and Psychology Today are long-tail low-relevance
               | now?
               | 
               | > What isn't said, is that the expectation to become a
               | competent man who is tries to support his family can also
               | be a positive example of masculinity
               | 
               | Something along these lines is said in _many_ substantial
               | discussions of masculinity (including the one I pointed
               | to in GP). You want other examples?
               | 
               | https://umatter.princeton.edu/respect-matters/healthy-
               | mascul...
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I2mzxeViCko
               | 
               | https://www.buzzfeed.com/sydrobinson1/examples-of-
               | positive-m...
               | 
               | https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/05/becomi
               | ng-...
               | 
               | Nobody is attacking competence as toxic, or support of
               | family as toxic.
               | 
               | What is _actually_ critiqued is a normalization of social
               | violence, commenting on bullying or assault with  "oh,
               | boys will be boys," dismissal of feelings with "walk it
               | off," the idea that real men don't go to therapy or turn
               | to people for emotional help, etc etc.
               | 
               | One can only think of that as a general attack on
               | masculinity if... that's what you think masculinity is.
               | Which sounds bona fide toxic to me.
        
               | heurisko wrote:
               | > Forbes and Psychology Today are long-tail low-relevance
               | now?
               | 
               | The publications are not, their discussion of "toxic
               | femininity" is. Discussions of "toxic masculinity" have
               | long been the hegemony.
               | 
               | > Nobody is attacking competence as toxic
               | 
               | I see this happening a lot. Particularly, that men who
               | are in positions of power (might own their own company,
               | or run other companies) have only reached where they are,
               | because they benefit from a corrupt patriarchy, not
               | because of their competency and willingness to work.
               | 
               | > What is actually critiqued is a normalization of social
               | violence, commenting on bullying or assault with "oh,
               | boys will be boys," dismissal of feelings with "walk it
               | off," the idea that real men don't go to therapy or turn
               | to people for emotional help, etc etc.
               | 
               | Why is this called "toxic masculinity"? To flip it
               | around, could you imagine "toxic femininity" being used
               | to a describe a woman not wanting to pursue engineering
               | because she thinks it isn't what women typically are seen
               | to do? Why would you say it is "toxic masculinity" when a
               | man doesn't want to talk about his feelings, because it
               | isn't what men typically are seen to do?
               | 
               | The critique is accompanied with the idea that
               | masculinity is itself a social construct, and if only
               | boys/men could be freed from this social construct, then
               | they will be free from "toxic" aspects of masculinity.
               | 
               | However arguably this isn't the case, and leads you to
               | worse outcomes for men and boys. For example, to "stop
               | bullying" a headteacher in the UK banned (typically boys)
               | from playing football at break times. [1] I don't believe
               | masculinity is entirely a social construct, and here boys
               | are being deprived of ways to positively express their
               | masculinity, through competition and team building. I
               | also think there is a difference in how men and women
               | typically bond, with men tending to bond more through
               | activities.
               | 
               | Male bonding through shared activities is something that
               | has declined a lot in the US (see the book "Bowling
               | Alone"). If men are finding it more difficult today
               | dealing with emotional issues, the answer may not be that
               | they need to deal with their "toxic masculinity" by
               | "speaking more", but they are actually suffering from
               | their lack of ability to identify with other men through
               | shared activities.
               | 
               | It isn't, in other words, their own fault, but rather a
               | shift in society, which in this individual example, would
               | rather ban a game that involves competition and winners,
               | in case there are losers, or exclusion. "Toxic
               | masculinity" isn't therefore the issue, rather it would
               | be a lack of ability to express masculinity.
               | 
               | "Unstructured games can sometimes lead to nasty comments,
               | aggressive behaviour or children feeling left out, she
               | added." [1] https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-
               | london-56568473
        
               | DasIch wrote:
               | The discourse around these kinds of topics comes almost
               | entirely from feminists at least the part that is
               | constructive. That inevitably leads to some problems
               | being ignored as they are not so interesting to
               | feminists. I don't think you can fault them for that.
               | 
               | Gender norms that are criticised by feminists are in real
               | life frequently re-enforced by women for example. Even
               | feminists like much of the political left are also
               | fragmented and have differing opinions. This lack of a
               | consensus combined with an expectation to behave in a
               | specific way and a group that can be somewhat trigger
               | happy in going from "statistically this group of people
               | is privileged" to "this person from this group is
               | privileged" is I think deeply problematic and challenging
               | to navigate as a men. I also think it's incredibly stupid
               | from political standpoint.
               | 
               | Unfortunately it's difficult to engage in such
               | discussions in a constructive way because they are very
               | attractive to people who see feminists as an enemy.
        
               | heurisko wrote:
               | I usually try and avoid the discussion online, as it is
               | polarising.
               | 
               | One area I do think is interesting, is the issue of
               | uncollected child maintenance payments (at least in the
               | UK). [1] This has not had a campaign behind it, in the
               | same way as the "Gender pay gap" has had, yet just also
               | affects the material circumstances of many women.
               | 
               | I imagine it could be one issue where there might be
               | agreement on, between those who lean towards "traditional
               | gender roles" and some feminist organisations.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jun/16
               | /silenc...
        
             | dr_dshiv wrote:
             | Yeah, but just man up and handle it. That's non-toxic.
        
               | john_fushi wrote:
               | Telling someone to "man up" is a telltale sign of toxic
               | masculinity.
        
               | dr_dshiv wrote:
               | Why? Isn't it the opposite? Doesn't it refer to the best
               | of what is masculine?
        
           | heurisko wrote:
           | Yet, as there is only the narrative of "toxic masculinity"
           | and not also discussion of "toxic femininity", the term
           | implies masculinity can turn toxic in a way femininity can't.
           | 
           | There is a Wikipedia page on toxic masculinity, but not one
           | on toxic femininity (it redirects to "Internalised sexism"). 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internalized_sexism#%22Toxic.
           | ..
        
           | tayo42 wrote:
           | My first impulse is to agree but thinking about it more what
           | positives are there to take away from masculinity. Is any
           | feature of being masculine that is really desirable? I guess
           | I think the whole idea of trying to be masculine to be kind
           | of lame...
        
             | evilos wrote:
             | There are plenty of positive traits that are associated
             | with Masculinity: Bravery, Boldness, Self-Sufficiency,
             | Discipline, Self-Assured, Skilled, Strong, etc.
             | 
             | Of course this does not mean that these traits are somehow
             | exclusive to or owned by Masculinity.
        
             | DasIch wrote:
             | > Standards of manliness or masculinity vary across
             | different cultures and historical periods. Traits
             | traditionally viewed as masculine in Western society
             | include strength, courage, independence, leadership, and
             | assertiveness.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masculinity
             | 
             | Much of that sounds positive to me. I think the toxicity
             | primarily comes from people caring primarily about
             | appearance. For example by trying to avoid being seen as
             | weak or by trying to appear strong relative to other people
             | by making them appear to be weak.
        
           | the_third_wave wrote:
           | That might be the "theory" (a word which does some heavy
           | lifting in venues infected by "critical theory") but in
           | practice it comes down to straight males and traditional male
           | virtues being "toxic".
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > The term "toxic masculinity" does not and is not intended
           | to imply that masculinity itself is toxic.
           | 
           | I much the same way that "unusually large microbe" does not
           | imply that microbes are generally unusually large.
           | 
           | The "'toxic masculinity' means masculinity is uniformly
           | toxic" thing is a reading so tendentious as to be
           | incompatible with good faith.
        
           | teddyh wrote:
           | This is another very good example of a 'motte-and-bailey'
           | term. The term means whatever you want it to mean, at any
           | given moment. When the term is attacked, it retreats to mean
           | only the toxic parts of masculinity. When not attacked, it
           | means the inherent toxicity of all masculinity.
        
           | lelanthran wrote:
           | > The term "toxic masculinity" does not and is not intended
           | to imply that masculinity itself is toxic.
           | 
           | That's funny, really. I always only ever encounter it used by
           | people who smear any and all masculinity as "toxic".
           | 
           | Do you have a link to a place "toxic masculinity" is used to
           | describe a minority subset of the male population?
        
             | s5300 wrote:
             | > That's funny, really. I always only ever encounter it
             | used by people who smear any and all masculinity as
             | "toxic".
             | 
             | Sounds like you've managed to get yourself living in quite
             | the bubble/echo chamber. Go explore the world dude.
        
               | blueflow wrote:
               | I'm unaware of any social circles use the term "toxic
               | masculinity" and are not using it to smear men. People
               | outside of those bubbles do not use the term at all,
               | probably because its pretty offensive to males.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | thinkingemote wrote:
           | That's how it's used and understood though.
           | 
           | I agree it was never intended to, but the reality is
           | different. It should be dumped and a new term used.
        
       | Simon321 wrote:
       | To people recommending trades, there's nothing wrong with trades,
       | but you can get more out of college than only a job. You can
       | actually learn things that you wouldn't have learned otherwise.
       | The environment also naturally stimulates and values learning,
       | gathering knowledge and understanding. You can learn how to
       | become a better person and think more critically.
       | 
       | Seeing how many misinformation is going around and the people
       | swallowing it, this seems more important than ever before.
        
         | bmj wrote:
         | I had a fantastic experience at college 25+ years ago. I went
         | to a small liberal arts school, learned how to read and think
         | well. I really appreciated that experience.
         | 
         | When I graduated with my degree in philosophy I went on to run
         | a small climbing gym. I was able to jump into software
         | development during the first internet bubble, where start-ups
         | needed warm bodies who can learn quickly. Fortunately, I had
         | scholarships and graduated with minimal debt. So...it all
         | worked out pretty well. I'm not sure it's worth taking on
         | crushing debt for that experience without a guarantee of a job.
         | 
         | That said, not every person is wired to go to college. There
         | are plenty of trades that can foster the some sort of collegial
         | experiences, if you find the right the person to train you.
         | There are very thoughtful craftspeople out there.
        
         | jdhn wrote:
         | >but you can get more out of college than only a job. You can
         | actually learn things that you wouldn't have learned otherwise.
         | 
         | I hear this line parroted all the time, and it just rings so
         | hollow. I can't remember any optional classes that I took in
         | undergrad.
        
         | geomark wrote:
         | Some downsides of trades I have not seen mentioned yet are that
         | many of them are hard on the body and/or somewhat risky. So you
         | don't have as long a useful career as in most professions. My
         | dad was a carpenter and I worked with him a few summers when I
         | was young. He asked me how many 50-year-old roofers I had seen
         | during those summers. A friend of his told me there is a reason
         | you never see old welders and painters.
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | > You can actually learn things that you wouldn't have learned
         | otherwise.
         | 
         | I'm not so sure. Why do you need to pay someone to give you
         | lists of books to read, rather than just buying and reading
         | them yourself?
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > Why do you need to pay someone to give you lists of books
           | to read, rather than just buying and reading them yourself?
           | 
           | You don't. However, college isn't just a list of books to
           | read, it also includes practical exercises and, most
           | importantly, accountability mechanisms, and there is plenty
           | of evidence that accountability mechanisms tend to improve
           | performance.
        
         | itronitron wrote:
         | I agree that college should be for education and not 'to get a
         | job'. But until the cost of college in the US comes back down
         | to reality, it's going to fail the cost-benefit analysis.
        
         | mbg721 wrote:
         | Unless college has changed since I went (to a pretty average
         | state school), you _can_ do all that, but the default seemed to
         | be to start off in a program that sounds cool, realize the
         | science classes are too hard, change to an easier major a
         | couple times, finish off your gen-eds with some random survey
         | classes where you just have to write a couple short papers
         | compatible with the professor 's world-view, and stumble your
         | way into a bachelor's degree.
         | 
         | The most interesting college classes I took tolerated non-
         | majors reluctantly, if at all. The expectation was that people
         | who were there to be "well-rounded humans" weren't going to
         | take the course seriously.
        
         | twic wrote:
         | Plenty of that misinformation is being swallowed and spread by
         | people who went to college, so it's not clear that helped.
        
           | geomark wrote:
           | Plenty of that misinformation is being indoctrinated in
           | people _at_ college.
        
         | inkblotuniverse wrote:
         | From my time at college, any 'critical thinking' seemed to
         | mostly be a way to spread the college's accepted narrative,
         | which contains its own brand of disinformation.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.is/DFwi7
        
       | ceilingcorner wrote:
       | COVID has accelerated this big time. Why spend $5,000 a semester
       | to watch a Zoom lecture from an average professor when you can
       | open YouTube in a new tab and see a world-class professor share
       | the same information for free? It makes no rational sense.
       | 
       | The moment that a serious, legitimate credential system appears,
       | every average university will disappear overnight. We'll be left
       | with an oligarch class that attends the top +-30 universities and
       | everyone else getting a AmaGoogBook certificate of completion.
        
         | smt88 wrote:
         | > _Why spend $5,000 a semester to watch a Zoom lecture from an
         | average professor when you can open YouTube a new tab and see a
         | world-class professor share the same information for free? It
         | makes no rational sense._
         | 
         | Because there is much more possible value in college than just
         | the education.
         | 
         | Socializing is a huge part of it. College is a good place to
         | learn how to make friends, date, network, etc.
         | 
         | It's also nearly free at many schools, so I don't envision the
         | future you're describing ever happening. Most 18-22 year olds
         | couldn't think of a better place to be than on a campus almost
         | exclusively filled with people in their age group.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | The campus is closed.
        
           | ceilingcorner wrote:
           | I am talking specifically about COVID and Zoom. I didn't say
           | anything about on-campus learning.
        
             | paulcole wrote:
             | > I didn't say anything about on-campus learning
             | 
             | You should have.
             | 
             | It's not "world class professors" on YouTube that people
             | are watching instead of their own university's zoom
             | classes. They're not paying for zoom classes because they
             | want to learn on campus.
             | 
             | They still want to go to college, they just don't want to
             | learn online.
        
           | endominus wrote:
           | This reminds me of a passage from Bryan Caplan's book, "The
           | Case Against Education." Paraphrasing, there is nothing
           | stopping you from walking into a lecture at Harvard or MIT or
           | any other renowned center of learning. No one will ask you
           | for identification or lock you outside. You can buy or
           | download the same textbook and fill out the same homework.
           | (In the case of your "socialization" value, again, no one is
           | stopping you from just walking into a campus and socializing
           | with peers there)
           | 
           | No one does it because we intuitively understand that there
           | is no real value in doing so; the purpose such institutions
           | serve is credentialing, not education.
           | 
           | (End paraphrase)
        
             | slfnflctd wrote:
             | Socialization is a _huge_ part of it - perhaps the biggest
             | in terms of impact - because students who worked alongside
             | each other during a similar stage of life, living within
             | short walking distance of each other 24 /7, working toward
             | a similar goal, develop a bond which can be _immensely_
             | valuable later on in networking for job opportunities.
             | 
             | Those students are much less likely to develop such a bond
             | with some rando who just walked in off the street to check
             | out what's going on. That person has zero investment in the
             | experience other than expressed interest and would I'm
             | certain be measurably less successful forming relationships
             | with other students who could help their career in the
             | future. They aren't in the same tribe.
             | 
             | It makes me sick to say it, but this can be even more
             | important than the credentialing. There are multiple
             | stories of students dropping out to start companies and
             | still benefitting from their college peer network in ways
             | that wouldn't happen for someone that wasn't actually a
             | 'true peer'.
             | 
             | I think this is simply a biological tendency at the end of
             | the day and don't see any easy way of changing it.
        
             | yesenadam wrote:
             | No real value?! Gee.
             | 
             | Well, I did it :-) I did 2 or 3 years of philosophy courses
             | at Sydney Uni. I mean, I just turned up. At the beginning
             | of each semester I'd start doing every possible course,
             | then just keep doing the ones I liked, with
             | interesting/good/admirable lecturers, which turned out to
             | be a lot, 2 or 3 times the amount of lectures weekly than
             | if I'd been enrolled. Also was on their mailing list so
             | also went to special visiting lectures, a regular
             | discussion group, etc etc. No exam stress! I had such a
             | great time. But yeah, most (non-university) people I
             | mentioned it to laughed as if it was crazy.
        
               | craftinator wrote:
               | Most people don't have the time freedom to be able to do
               | this. The opportunity cost would be too high, as they
               | need to work to eat, and sitting in a class isn't work.
        
         | OJFord wrote:
         | Because you don't pay for instruction, you pay for examination
         | and certification.
        
           | sails wrote:
           | I've heard the following described as the broadly tangible
           | benefits, in no particular order. Will try find the source
           | 
           | - Education
           | 
           | - Certification
           | 
           | - Network
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | Which probably doesnt make sense to last 4 years. I assume
           | this trend will lead to new types of certification
        
           | pg_bot wrote:
           | You don't pay for instruction or certification you pay for
           | signaling. A student from Arizona State can be more competent
           | than one from Harvard. Who do you think is going to have more
           | doors opened for them?
        
             | OJFord wrote:
             | The Harvard certificate, yes.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | > A student from Arizona State can be more competent than
             | one from Harvard.
             | 
             | The relevant question from the perspective of those doing
             | the hiring is what is the probability a student from
             | Arizona State is more competent than one from Harvard?
             | 
             | Replace competent with well connected and/or otherwise
             | useful.
        
           | randomdata wrote:
           | While you are right, the question still stands. There is no
           | value in the latter two. The only value is in the first, and
           | that's not what you're paying for, so why pay at all?
        
           | BlargMcLarg wrote:
           | Which in turn have massively devalued, given the majority of
           | the job market in most Western countries is only interested
           | in the unicorn willing to eat old bread.
        
         | kingaillas wrote:
         | >spend $5,000 a semester
         | 
         | That's what I spent a semester (total)... in the early 90's.
         | 
         | These days it is more like $5,000 a semester (per class)!
        
         | perryizgr8 wrote:
         | > Why spend $5,000 a semester to watch a Zoom lecture from an
         | average professor when you can open YouTube in a new tab and
         | see a world-class professor share the same information for
         | free?
         | 
         | Because most employers will not even consider your application
         | without a degree.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | tablespoon wrote:
         | > COVID has accelerated this big time. Why spend $5,000 a
         | semester to watch a Zoom lecture from an average professor when
         | you can open YouTube in a new tab and see a world-class
         | professor share the same information for free? It makes no
         | rational sense.
         | 
         | I don't get that line of thinking:
         | 
         | 1. Education isn't a passive lecture-consumption activity. A
         | "world-class professor" who put a lecture on youtube is going
         | to have exactly _zero_ time to talk to you as a student.
         | 
         | 2. There's probably not that much difference between the
         | teaching ability of a "world-class professor" and your
         | "average" good professor. That's especially true for undergrad
         | subjects.
         | 
         | I think you're assuming a false equivalency, akin to "why have
         | parents when you can watch videos made by the _best parents in
         | the world_ on television? " The tech version may have many
         | similarities, but it's not equivalent.
        
       | spodek wrote:
       | _The Boy Crisis_ by Warren Farrell covers this issue
       | comprehensively. There are many beliefs and practices in our
       | society that push boys and men out, especially in school.
       | 
       | If you read the article, I recommend at least the free preview
       | from Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Boy-Crisis-Boys-Struggling-
       | About/dp/1...
        
       | temp8964 wrote:
       | One thing is kind of obvious is that male-concentrated majors
       | (hard sciences) in colleges are much much harder than female-
       | concentrated majors (humanities, social sciences), see:
       | https://twitter.com/whyvert/status/1434944460526342147
        
       | SandunGunn wrote:
       | Curious what that means for society if the trend continues. The
       | single people I know are only interested in finding someone in
       | the same education bracket.
       | 
       | Does this lead to many more unmarried people like Japan?
        
       | zz865 wrote:
       | I did tech degrees, but its pretty amazing going to other parts
       | of the campus where there are 2 or 3 or more women for every man
       | in the building. Its also weird to see lots of well educated
       | female friends finding it really hard to find someone to settle
       | down with. Yeah they should probably lower their standards but
       | honestly deep down most guys dont want an over educated achiever
       | wife.
        
         | approxim8ion wrote:
         | >honestly deep down most guys dont want an over educated
         | achiever wife.
         | 
         | Why not?
        
           | inkblotuniverse wrote:
           | Men want to be wanted, and women generally don't want to be
           | with a lower-status man than themselves.
           | 
           | What proportion of women tend to date men who earn less than
           | them, are shorter than them, have a lesser degree than them?
           | Not a very big one, and men know it, so they steer clear of
           | those women.
           | 
           | Similarly, most men prefer to date women shorter than them,
           | who earn less than them, etc. Why? I'd guess because most men
           | like to feel like they're providers and protectors, and most
           | women like to feel provided and protected for by their
           | partner.
        
             | approxim8ion wrote:
             | This all seems horribly insecure. I refuse to partake in it
             | as a man.
        
               | zz865 wrote:
               | What does that mean? You will seek out a over educated
               | achiever wife or avoid one?
        
               | approxim8ion wrote:
               | It means I won't be intimidated by my partner's
               | credentials or success. "Over-educated" is not a thing.
               | 
               | If men were free to chase whatever professional growth
               | they wanted and women just had to stuff it because they
               | would be avoided by men if they were "over-qualified"
               | according to you, then that's a dynamic I cannot wait to
               | see completely obliterated. I'm not saying only one
               | partner being a provider or sole breadwinner is a bad
               | thing, but it absolutely does not need to be the only
               | role possible. These men you and GP talk about need to
               | figure out what else they can bring to the table in a
               | relationship, because the ability to put food on the
               | table is hardly the only "desirable" thing people see in
               | a partner, and it doesn't seem like a great thing to tie
               | your self-worth to.
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | > "I'm sort of waiting for a light to come on so I figure out
       | what to do next," he said.
       | 
       | Interesting. Maybe guys who are not super-interested
       | scientifically in a subject realize that it becomes a waste of
       | time. Even their academically inclined peers will struggle since
       | there arent nearly enough academic prospects for the number of
       | Phd graduates. Then also these men grew up watching youtube stars
       | etc. making it big without formal education.
       | 
       | Maybe these men should be encouraged to get their education in
       | europe. Credentialism of Ivy Leagues is becoming increasingly
       | irrelevant, but the academic environment is still stimulating and
       | not hostile to either men or women.
        
       | throwinthsaway wrote:
       | Getting into debt to get a piece of paper that only lets you
       | begin to enter the job market after gathering enough credentials
       | by either working for free or talking to others and hopefully
       | trying your luck even though there are 100s for a single
       | internship... College is a scam unless you're paying close
       | attention and don't get into debt in the first place.
       | 
       | Those who manage to jump through all of the hoops don't realize
       | that there is a secondary scam waiting for them: working for a
       | wage without significant stock options while someone makes
       | millions sitting around doing nothing off of their effort. We've
       | had movies made about this for many years and still it's so
       | strange how it's not acknowledged.
       | 
       | Also: who is friend or foe? The lines have blurred significantly,
       | which is a driving force in WANTING to change things in the first
       | place. There's even loss of solidarity between family members,
       | next generations.
       | 
       | There's no incentive to try. If I were the same age as these
       | young men, I wouldn't bother either.
        
         | PaulHoule wrote:
         | The proliferation of this attitude...
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/Aint-No-making-2nd-Second/dp/B002NAUW...
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | https://openlibrary.org/books/OL1271149M/Ain%27t_no_makin%27.
           | ..
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | To spoil a little, this book considers a group of low-
             | income whites and a group of low-income blacks.
             | 
             | As teenagers the whites have a pessimistic attitude about
             | success but the blacks are more optimistic. Barriers to the
             | success of both groups are looming.
             | 
             | The first edition of the book stops there: one is left with
             | the feeling that the plight of the two groups is not that
             | different (e.g. "systemic racism" is a real thing but
             | doesn't seem salient when you are know "white people with
             | black problems") Somehow, however, the blacks believe that
             | "they can overcome".
             | 
             | In a follow-up study a decade later both groups are doing
             | poorly, but the blacks in particular have had their hopes
             | dashed by poverty, problems with the law, problems with
             | work, etc.
        
         | atraac wrote:
         | > Those who manage to jump through all of the hoops don't
         | realize that there is a secondary scam waiting for them:
         | working for a wage without significant stock options while
         | someone makes millions sitting around doing nothing off of
         | their effort.
         | 
         | I know this is the thing in US and shouldn't surprise me but
         | I'm based in central Europe and honestly the thought of this
         | still feels so abstract to me. I'd love to have an option of
         | choosing jobs that offer stock options.
        
           | durnygbur wrote:
           | Europe is behind of America in this regards, Europeans are
           | submissive, timid, and desperate. Want to know where are your
           | stock options? Travel south to the Mediterranean and watch -
           | mansions, palaces, yachts, butiques, luxurious hotels,
           | hostesses and models, German limousines and supercars. There
           | they are.
        
             | heurisko wrote:
             | I'm a Northern European and just buy stock on the market.
             | My union is pretty strong, and I enjoy healthcare and more
             | than two weeks holiday I hear is typical in the states.
             | 
             | It's not altogether a good idea to have a lot invested in
             | the company you work for, as if they go under, your stock
             | is also not worth so much, and you might lose your income
             | at the same time too.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Please don't take HN threads into nationalistic flamewar.
             | It's a particularly avoidable kind of hell and we
             | definitely want to avoid it on this site.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
             | 
             | Edit: we've unfortunately had to ask you this kind of thing
             | repeatedly already:
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27224106 (May 2021)
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26773557 (April 2021)
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20954524 (Sept 2019)
             | 
             | If you do it again we will ban you, so no more of this,
             | please.
        
         | walsand21 wrote:
         | Can I ask what movies you have in mind?
        
         | iejnfw wrote:
         | >working for a wage without significant stock options while
         | someone makes millions sitting around doing nothing off of
         | their effort
         | 
         | This seems to characterise almost every single place I have
         | worked for or interviewed at in different ways. I have
         | interviewed at smaller businesses where the entire "management"
         | team doesn't do anything, doesn't come into the office, and is
         | just various family members of the original founder.
         | 
         | Then there are the larger businesses that have a network of
         | people who all know each other and connected and occupy
         | positions with "manager" in them, whose day consists of just
         | telling people to do things that the person they are telling
         | could figure out and do without their existence and better.
        
         | bob1029 wrote:
         | Stock options and other scalable forms of compensation are a
         | huge deal for our organization now.
         | 
         | The funny thing is we also don't give a shit about credentials
         | anymore. We just want work ethic followed loosely by
         | experience.
         | 
         | Willingness to endure difficult things and learn is all we are
         | really going for in a new hire these days.
         | 
         | What is amazing to me is all of the business leaders who still
         | insist on upholding these arbitrary gatekeepers. You are
         | leaving a ton of talent on the table.
         | 
         | I think the answer for many is to focus harder on the business
         | value equation and to just let the people be free. Running a
         | business like a power fantasy is not going to get you there.
         | The more you try to control people the harder it will be to
         | make money with them in the long term.
        
       | baron816 wrote:
       | A lot of this is driven by narratives--A narrative that college
       | isn't worth it anymore. A narrative that (white) men are
       | uniformly privileged and life is just easy for them. And a
       | narrative that those men aren't wanted by society any more.
       | 
       | I'm not convinced that all those men need to go to college, but
       | they clearly need something. They need to feel like they're part
       | of society. Nothing good can come of an entire generation that
       | feels lost, without purpose, and unwanted.
        
         | CountDrewku wrote:
         | They need options. I feel our current school system isn't set
         | up for young men at all. A lot would prefer hands on work as
         | opposed to classroom learning. Promotion of trades schools as
         | alternatives that aren't "lesser" would help a lot.
        
         | mercy_dude wrote:
         | > A narrative that college isn't worth it anymore
         | 
         | Is it entirely false though? What benefit does a college degree
         | in sociology does to a person (and even broader society) when
         | the person will likely be in over 100k+ debt?
        
           | ajuc wrote:
           | The right question is - why does it have to cost so much when
           | it's possible to teach the same exact thing for ~3k USD in
           | eastern Europe :) And then these developers come to USA or
           | western Europe and it doesn't seem that they are performing
           | badly :)
        
         | happythen wrote:
         | No way. Being white is definitely a leg up. Well, at least for
         | me, a white guy, no college degree. Life is much easier. I
         | don't think there is any support missing for us, that actually
         | sounds hilarious. We need to work on lifting others up.
        
           | SunlightEdge wrote:
           | Yeah. I think its really difficult (impossible?) to know what
           | its like for the other gender/other ethnicities - even if
           | there is more cultural outputs/conversations out there about
           | different groups its still really hard/impossible to know
           | what its like for others. Having said that working class
           | (poor) white males are known to have amongst the worst
           | educational performance in the UK. This is different from
           | employment. If I had my time back I would seriously consider
           | not going to uni/get a masters and just become a
           | plumber/electrician. I reckon I would be as happy/if not
           | happier then doing an office job.
        
           | icare_1er wrote:
           | Based on the number of "affirmative-action" initiatives that
           | I see all over the US, in many tech-companies (I don't know
           | about other fields), I'd say that being a women, or black, is
           | definitely a huge plus to get your foot through the door,
           | with many recruitment programs blatantly saying they are only
           | for minorities, which sounds to me like pretty much
           | segregation in reverse, but that indeed seems to be the
           | agenda of some leftists.
        
             | Miner49er wrote:
             | Maybe a few tech companies are like this, but the rest of
             | the country isn't.
        
             | spamizbad wrote:
             | I'm a white guy and I bootstrapped my career with no degree
             | and little college (dropped out of community college) by
             | simply padded my resume doing some basic contracting gigs
             | for friends and their professional networks and parlayed
             | that into full-time work. I'm now an engineering manager at
             | a unicorn.
             | 
             | I will also say that for all this talk about how easy
             | Blacks and women have it, I don't buy it, and I think
             | people spinning tales about how "My company only hires
             | Blacks and women" aren't involved in technical hiring. We
             | are _desperate_ for experienced talent and are under
             | tremendous pressure to build an effective team. We don 't
             | have the luxury to be picky about demographics. And my team
             | isn't unique: It's the same story from my peers both inside
             | and outside my company. Likewise, the pipeline itself
             | doesn't have very many women or Black candidates from what
             | I can see, so even these people got automatic interviews I
             | doubt it would change team demographics significantly. And
             | finally: if this is indeed "segregation in reverse" (which
             | it's not: it would just be segregation with the roles
             | reversed), where are these tech companies where the
             | majority of their engineers aren't White or Asian men?
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | This. Everywhere I have been as a team lead has had
               | issues hiring. I don't remember ever having two desirable
               | candidates in the pipeline at the same time and getting
               | one felt like striking gold. We didn't give two shits
               | what your gender or race was.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | happythen wrote:
             | > foot through the door
             | 
             | Yea, but we got no problem getting to that door. Minorities
             | might get pulled over and get a knee on the neck. Women
             | might get assaulted on their way. Being a white dude, I'll
             | get a taxi there, no problem. So if I have to try harder to
             | get the position, pretty understandable, since I got the
             | head start.
             | 
             | Not saying life is easy for anyone, saying it's so much
             | easier being a white dude with a nice hair cut. You know I
             | used to be so broke I had to "beg" for gas money at a gas
             | station to get to my first day at a new job, first person I
             | asked gave me a $20. Life. is. easier.
        
               | exporectomy wrote:
               | > a knee on the neck. Women might get assaulted
               | 
               | You've been reading too much news. That doesn't happen to
               | normal people in real life. Blacks have a huge
               | disadvantage of poor upbringing by their own family and
               | community and women have a huge "disadvantage" of not
               | wanting to be a computer programmer.
        
               | jensensbutton wrote:
               | > Blacks have a huge disadvantage of poor upbringing by
               | their own family and community
               | 
               | The actual issue is they have to interview with people
               | holding the same ignorant assumptions you do.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | >The actual issue is they have to interview with people
               | holding the same ignorant assumptions you do.
               | 
               | And then "helping them" with public assistance programs
               | that have rules that are purpose built to incentivize
               | familial instability.
        
               | icare_1er wrote:
               | Are you saying that the number of one-mum families is
               | constant across all ethnicities ? :o)
               | 
               | Leftists and their communists approach to the mere
               | statistics....
        
               | happythen wrote:
               | No, I just get outdoors and live with real people, and
               | see it myself. I've been pulled over in a car with two
               | other dudes, and watched the darkest skin guy get the
               | crap kicked out of him because they thought he is a
               | gangster, while we had to sit on a curb and watch. Where
               | I went to school, counselors tried to get me to take AP
               | classes, which I didn't want, while my friends with
               | darker skin, and better grades, had to go on the wait
               | list. I lived in an area where 13 year old pregnancies
               | were regular. Guys raping chicks while they are passed
               | out drunk in high school was regular. Jumping the gay
               | kids were regular. I got to watch it, empathize with my
               | friends, but I never had to bear the burden. My burden
               | was folks like you, denying there are any problems
               | because you are so safe, can't fathom life being
               | different, even when it's across the street.
               | 
               | > normal people
               | 
               | Point exactly, when you say normal, you are thinking of
               | white dude America. And yes, this does not happen to
               | them.
        
               | klyrs wrote:
               | Women have the disadvantage that if they reveal their
               | gender online, they're barraged with sexual harassment
               | and even death threats for nothing but being a woman. Do
               | you suppose this treatment encourages curiosity in
               | computing?
        
             | thatfrenchguy wrote:
             | You must not have a lot of women friends in tech to say
             | this, all of my women friends in tech have had one hell of
             | a bad time breaking in. The default attitude of recruiters
             | and interviewers when they interview a women is to assume
             | they know nothing.
        
             | circlefavshape wrote:
             | > with many recruitment programs blatantly saying they are
             | only for minorities
             | 
             | Really? I understood that it was illegal to discriminate
             | based on gender, race, etc in the US
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | It is illegal, but that doesn't stop people from doing
               | it. In the US, things like this have to go to court to
               | actually be struck down, and there haven't been any
               | sympathetic plaintiffs suing over these laws yet.
               | 
               | When "positive discrimination" makes it before a judge,
               | it usually gets stuck down.
        
               | icare_1er wrote:
               | It is widespread in big-tech.
               | 
               | This is an-ex Google engineer talking about one he saw
               | and created a video about:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pizXzR7ZQ8Q
        
               | Avicebron wrote:
               | i have never heard of anyone doing anything illegal
        
           | dnissley wrote:
           | Can you hear yourself though? Can you put yourself in the
           | shoes of a young white man? They are recipients of this
           | message on a regular basis. When many of them end up having a
           | difficult time despite being told how easy they have it, and
           | how if they received help that would just be resources being
           | taken away from less privileged people, it's easy for them to
           | think something's wrong with themselves, to feel unwanted,
           | depressed, and to end up taking the route outlined by the
           | article.
        
             | happythen wrote:
             | I was young once, and I am white. Yea sure, I understand
             | it. And this is no way new, I had plenty of other white
             | people feeling sorry for me because, "the country is being
             | taken from the white man". That is ooooold, old, old. Fear
             | based racism been around.
             | 
             | But to your weak sauce point, some folks are just going to
             | have a hard go at life, but is it easier being white
             | through life, no matter what? Yea, for sure. No one says
             | it's an easy life, but it is easier being light skinned.
             | 
             | > unwanted, depressed
             | 
             | I think there used to be some organizations that helped
             | with that. Specifically white men. You know, the kind that
             | would give them a purpose, make them feel wanted. You got a
             | hood and everything.
        
               | dnissley wrote:
               | My observations are not racist, or rooted in fear. They
               | are, however, rooted in compassion for my fellow human
               | beings who find themselves in the crosshairs of
               | reactionary political ideologies, even if they wear
               | labels like "progressive", "feminist", or "anti-racist".
               | 
               | I'm mixed so I can generally wriggle out of such
               | accusations by playing the race card. The only situation
               | I ever feel good about doing so are ones like this.
        
               | happythen wrote:
               | > crosshairs of reactionary political ideologies
               | 
               | You feel sorry for young white men because they have to
               | deal with politics? "Ferrari owners pay an unfair amount
               | of car insurance."
        
               | dnissley wrote:
               | Ah yes, the notion that the white race holds the same
               | vaunted position that Ferrari does among car makes --
               | held by racists and anti-racists alike.
        
               | happythen wrote:
               | haha not so much, feeling sorry for someone that can
               | afford a Ferrari and then complains about the car
               | insurance would be ridiculous. Similar to feeling sorry
               | for white guys having to deal with politics, its
               | warranted, not serious, and does not deserve more
               | attention that many other REAL issues. But anyways, have
               | a good day.
        
               | harimau777 wrote:
               | Many white men aren't able to (figuratively) afford a
               | Ferrari. That's the point that the person you are
               | replying to appears to be making.
        
             | lern_too_spel wrote:
             | The examples in the article tell a different story. Mr.
             | Briles could easily go to college if he wanted to. It's
             | just that he would rather stay at home and "invest" in
             | cryptocurrencies and make music, and his parents fund it.
             | That is a very privileged position to be in.
        
         | aklemm wrote:
         | Before any of that, I'd blame the disappearance of the sense of
         | service. One's general mindset should be on what one can
         | contribute, and the rest will follow.
        
         | ransom1538 wrote:
         | I would like to bring up a point often missed with blue collar
         | housing work (plumber, electrician, dry wall, etc). It is
         | _EASY_ to start your own thing. Once you are licensed and
         | bonded you can quickly buy your own truck, hire an apprentice,
         | setup yelp, setup an online receptionist and be overbooked.
         | Right now plumbers are hard to get and electricians are months
         | out. The plumbers I work with cannot keep up with the work and
         | make over $80 per hour (no where florida). If  "Bobs orlando
         | plumbing" runs out of work, they just park the truck. There is
         | NO overhead.
         | 
         | If you contrast to an attorney or doctor -- those
         | firms/practices are extremely challenging to start and operate
         | on your own. The salaries of your employees are high at best,
         | marketing is extremely expensive, and insurance can wipe out a
         | firm/practice.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | > It is EASY to start your own thing.
           | 
           | Not withstanding restrictive licensing systems that require
           | you to put in X years working crap jobs for crap pay under
           | someone who already has the license to ensure that you've
           | "paid enough dues" you're not gonna go around undercutting
           | everyone once you get your license.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | zapnuk wrote:
         | I wonder how woman feel reading such comments. Men dominated
         | better paying jobs and positions of power since forever. It
         | took 50+ years between equal rights before the law to equal
         | opportunities in the labour market and education.
         | 
         | Men still have every opportunity a woman has. In addition, they
         | are still recognized more for leading positions. They also
         | dominate about every trade related job.
         | 
         | Yet, they are 'left without a purpose', when all they need it
         | to do is do whatever they want.
        
           | ourlordcaffeine wrote:
           | "all they need it to do is do whatever they want" sounds like
           | a very middle class take on things.
           | 
           | People from working class rust belt towns in the UK, for
           | example, can't just do what they want, since there are no
           | opportunities. But they are told that they are privileged and
           | can do what they want, and then people wonder why support for
           | labour/leftism has plummeted in working class communities.
        
           | notanzaiiswear wrote:
           | Women didn't and don't need well paying jobs to start a
           | family.
           | 
           | What "equal right" do you mean, that "equaled opportunities
           | in the labor market and education"?
           | 
           | Also you seem to miss on the fact that men get worse grades
           | in school (which some say is because of discrimination),
           | which makes it harder for them to enter university.
        
             | s5300 wrote:
             | Why is it that you default to the idea that women want to
             | start a family?
             | 
             | It's a big ass cool world we have going on, and starting a
             | family effectively ties you down from being able to explore
             | it.
             | 
             | Good grief.
        
               | blueflow wrote:
               | Pattern i observed: When a women settles with a partner
               | and they are doing well financially, they start wanting
               | to have kids. I blame instincts.
        
               | s5300 wrote:
               | That's some great anecdata from you, I'm sure that it
               | applies to the wants of all women everywhere, right?
        
               | blueflow wrote:
               | I mean, wanting kids is surely something that evolution
               | would select for.
        
               | BlargMcLarg wrote:
               | That's not what their argument is about at all. Don't
               | change the context to argue in bad faith.
               | 
               | Women don't have the same financial expectations as men
               | do. This is true even today, despite all the push for
               | equal pay and equal rights. Often, that's prior to even
               | getting into a relationship. If you seek an indication,
               | ask a bunch of guys if they would settle for a girl still
               | living at home and then ask the inverse, both groups aged
               | in their 20s.
               | 
               | Given how men are increasingly "giving up on society"
               | because of these standards being harder to achieve every
               | day, GP's argument isn't that improbable at all.
        
               | s5300 wrote:
               | I'm not changing context or attempting to argue in bad
               | faith. The statement is just asinine and delusional with
               | regards to American culture at least.
               | 
               | You sound like you have some preconceived notion of you
               | or your friends being wronged by women or something that
               | I'm not going to be able to shake or have a reasonable
               | discussion about.
               | 
               | I will however say, in words that may appease your
               | ideology - it's honestly never been easier to get a
               | banging hot girlfriend than in the current climate. You
               | literally just have to not be completely fucking weird,
               | have a hint of how to dress in something that compliments
               | your figure, have the smallest standards of 21st century
               | developed country hygiene, and one ever so slightly
               | interesting hobby. Seriously, women will throw themselves
               | at you.
               | 
               | But keep telling yourself what you want to think and
               | reinforcing your views. I've honestly felt nothing but
               | bad for women in STEM lately after an internship as a
               | MechE in a fairly large and well known company. The older
               | men acted fucking disgustingly towards the female
               | interns, when all they're trying to do is make a career
               | in STEM.
        
               | notanzaiiswear wrote:
               | Americans don't have families anymore? OK, that's news to
               | me, I admit.
        
               | BlargMcLarg wrote:
               | First you kneejerk towards "who says women want X?" when
               | the argument was clearly "men often need this to be
               | perceived as a partner, to get X". How you fail to see
               | the leap there is beyond me.
               | 
               | Second, please keep your preconceived notions of me to
               | yourself. They do not add to the discussion at all.
               | 
               | As for what's left worth responding to. Look up the rise
               | of male sexlessness compared to female sexlessness if you
               | seek further evidence of what's happening. The massive
               | filtering and selection criteria happening in online
               | dating. Considering your American-based view, surely you
               | aren't blind to the increasing rates of gymgoers and even
               | steroid use, and the men's grooming industry growing ever
               | more. If anything, that doesn't signify a lack of men
               | trying to maintain themselves, yet it still contradicts
               | your idea of "just take a shower, go buy some clothes and
               | get a girlfriend bro".
               | 
               | >But keep telling yourself what you want to think and
               | reinforcing your views. I've honestly felt nothing but
               | bad for women in STEM lately after an internship as a
               | MechE in a fairly large and well known company.
               | 
               | As an aside, how can you in the same breath accuse me of
               | wanting to form an echo chamber when you immediately cite
               | your own anecdote as a reason to push your own view,
               | despite the fact your anecdote does not invalidate the
               | concerns of men at all? Surely you do not lack the
               | capacity to feel for both the struggles of men and women,
               | regardless of the cause? Men and women have their own
               | troubles, and this incessant need to trivialize one over
               | the other is exactly why we're not getting any further.
        
               | notanzaiiswear wrote:
               | Lots of people want to start families. It's not something
               | I invented or "default to". There is nothing wrong with
               | wanting to start families, either. Some may find that
               | nothing in the big as cool world is as cool as having
               | children.
               | 
               | Nobody says you have to do that, but if some men and
               | women want to do it, it will show up in the statistics.
               | 
               | Also even if you don't want a family and just want to
               | explore the world alone, you don't need that much money.
               | What exactly, do you want all the money for, that a high
               | end career would give you? Also working 60 hour weeks
               | would also prevent you from exploring the world, wouldn't
               | it?
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | The default state of affairs is that organisms want to
               | reproduce and in our species the female is uniquely
               | equipped for this purpose.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | My grandmother worked as a mechanic for the phone company in
           | the nine-teens. Her sister did whatever she wanted, she
           | started and ran her own business.
        
             | umanwizard wrote:
             | What are the "nine-teens"?
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | 1910-1920
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Given he went to Caltech in the 80s, probably the 1910s
        
           | icare_1er wrote:
           | No one ever stopped women from pursuing career in high-
           | frequency trading or anything else. No one ever stopped women
           | from inventing Amazon or Microsoft from their garage. No one
           | ever stopped women from choosing to graduated in science,
           | maths, finance, rather than art, litterature, or "gender
           | studies".
        
             | jensensbutton wrote:
             | As recently as 1970 women in the US weren't allowed to open
             | checking accounts or get loans from a bank by themselves,
             | but tell me more about how no one _ever_ stopped women from
             | doing what they want.
        
               | icare_1er wrote:
               | I fail to see how a women being unable to open a bank
               | account in the 60s, explains why a girl born in 2000,
               | would not want to spend her time geeking on her computer
               | trying to build a website, in 2012. But i'm all ears.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > would not want to spend her time geeking on her
               | computer
               | 
               | Well, based on studies I have seen, if the family had
               | only one computer, it waay often in boys room rather then
               | in girls room. PC was assumed to be boys toy.
               | 
               | The culture emerges from there.
               | 
               | Anecdotally, that is patter I do see around. Parents of
               | young girls are way more often enforcing "no screen till
               | this or that age" while parents of young boys almost brag
               | about boys playing games on them.
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | I've never known a family with a family computer put it
               | anywhere but a common area. I'm sure they're out there
               | but I've never seen it.
               | 
               | Maybe boys get more screen time in families like that
               | because they're more interested in computers? Maybe it's
               | assumed to be a boys toy because boys show more interest
               | in it?
        
               | icare_1er wrote:
               | Yes, out of the blue, in all countries, and all cultures,
               | on all continents, parents spontaneously put computers
               | and screen, engines, motors, in kids rooms. What a weird
               | collective behavior ! I'm sure it has nothing to do with
               | the many experiments carried out on children, from the
               | youngest of age, showing that even 2 days after birth,
               | boys and girls had different attractions to moving
               | objecs, or human faces for instance !
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | And in 1970 direct deposit did not exist, everyone was
               | paid by check and could go cash it at the issuing bank,
               | which was always local. Man or woman. Whether you had an
               | account or not.
               | 
               | i.e, the banking situation you mention was not a barrier
               | to employment whatsoever.
        
             | gilbetron wrote:
             | They literally have. That's exactly what nearly all of
             | history has been. Women face an entire pipeline of people
             | trying to stop them from pursuing anything beyond a family.
             | My wife, in high school, was directly told never to take
             | any math in college because girls can't do math. From the
             | moment they are born, most women were told they can't do
             | things boys can do. Yes, these days a fair amount of girls
             | are finally told they can do things, but they still face
             | discrimination. A man fails at something and they'll be
             | told to stand back up and keep trying. A woman fails, and
             | they get told, "well, nice try, you did your best! Go ahead
             | and start a family!"
             | 
             | As another anecdote, I have friends that are married and
             | both in the same science field in academia. Both work at
             | the same university. The woman was told that she needed to
             | prove that she wasn't just hired because of her husband.
             | The man was not told the same.
        
             | zapnuk wrote:
             | One might think the whole sexism and gender roles thing and
             | would be discouraging woman from perusing certain fields.
        
               | icare_1er wrote:
               | This famous hoax has been debunked many times. For a
               | start, the countries where women pursue IT and science
               | the most, are the most patriarchists (Turkey, Iran,
               | Algeria, Middle-east, etc...). The more relaxed are
               | gender-roles, the more women choose to study arts and
               | litterature, or "gender studies", the same who then
               | complain that there are not enough women building trains.
               | 
               | Second, as many in the west have seen here, we were all
               | pushed towards studying, pursuing masters, etc. This was
               | the policy in most of the western countries (some may say
               | this was silly but this is another debate). I have seen
               | first hand our teachers (mostly female, by the ways)
               | pushing us to apply to Science curriculums, and my fellow
               | female students do everything they could to avoid it.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Yeah, I have seen this about Eastern Europe (Russia) and
               | all it convinced me about what that the author dont
               | understand neither Eastern Europe nor sexism. It counted
               | fiends considered non-technical in Eastern Europe as
               | technical. It counted school of basic administration as
               | technical economy too.
               | 
               | It also assumed that sexism is straight line. In fact,
               | while easter europe is overall more sexist, there are
               | many aspects in which it is less sexist. Some aspects of
               | American sexism are present much less.
               | 
               | The confusion is effectively from American assuming that
               | every single aspect of their country must be superior.
        
               | kingaillas wrote:
               | It's not a hoax, it is call the gender equality paradox.
               | 
               | https://www.thejournal.ie/gender-equality-countries-stem-
               | gir...
               | 
               | Countries with lousy job prospects for women (to sum it
               | up bluntly) see higher STEM participation from women.
        
               | lyaa wrote:
               | As someone who has experience with the educational
               | systems of the middle east, I find it amusing how you are
               | misinterpreting the situation.
               | 
               | It's extremely hard for women in these countries to get
               | good careers in any field other than teaching or medicine
               | especially since they are often forced to marry and leave
               | the work force (they can't work without their husbands'
               | permission and they almost always handle all child care).
               | It is the norm for women to marry right after graduating
               | from college and not doing so is seen as abnormal.
               | 
               | The combination of this results in women going to college
               | and studying what they actually _like_ in their final
               | years of "freedom." They choose STEM because they like
               | it.
               | 
               | In the west, women are probably as inherently interested
               | in STEM as in these other countries, but they also know
               | that they need to get a job and they often choose career
               | paths that would give them less pain due to harassment or
               | discrimination.
        
               | Levitz wrote:
               | So let me get this straight.
               | 
               | Your reasoning is that in brutally sexist societies women
               | choose to study completely male-dominated fields because
               | they don't have to make a living after it, whereas in the
               | most egalitarian societies in the entire world sexism
               | pushes them towards traditionally female fields to escape
               | discrimination?
        
               | icare_1er wrote:
               | So, that makes you reach the following conclusion: "the
               | more a society is egalitarian - say, Scandinavian
               | countries, the more it forces women to do painting and
               | arts".
               | 
               | Are you saying that "egalitarian" societies are in fact
               | sexist, and that teaching schools/staff (largely
               | populated by progressive left-wing women), are in fact
               | preventing little girls from doing maths and learning C
               | in their bedroom ?
        
               | inkblotuniverse wrote:
               | A common hypothesis is that there are genetic and
               | social/economic aspects that push people towards one
               | field or another. If you make an effort to remove all
               | social forces, and succeed, then the only forces left are
               | the inborn ones- so their effects maximize. So, if there
               | are any inborn differences in the distribution of
               | interest in e.g. engineering between men and women, you
               | would expect to see their effects most keenly in the most
               | low-pressure countries. Inegalitarianism adds pressure
               | that money is useful for dealing with.
        
               | lyaa wrote:
               | The point is, in middle eastern societies, the realities
               | of working in STEM don't impact the choices women make
               | for their college majors as much. Most of them go to
               | college before marriage with the expectation of not
               | having a long term career in what they study (public
               | colleges are almost always free there, btw). They decide
               | what to do considering different sets of pressures in
               | comparison to women in the west.
               | 
               | Women in more egalitarian societies make their choices
               | under different pressures. They need more of a long-term
               | plan for their career choice and they don't have as many
               | children or marry or leave the workforce as early nor as
               | often as women in the middle east.
               | 
               | Do note though that as more women get into STEM, the
               | experienced and perceived discrimination levels drop
               | dramatically and even more women make the switch. Also, I
               | think it's useful to note that there has been a systemic
               | reduction in what I call the level of "generational
               | misogyny." I can confirm from my own experience that
               | there is a huge difference in how older vs younger
               | (<40yo) men interact with women.
               | 
               | Younger folks are way more egalitarian and some of them
               | assume that they all get the same treatment from older
               | folks but that is just not true. A 30 years old male
               | researcher could have entirely pleasant and productive
               | working relationships with both female researchers in his
               | generation and male researchers in their 60s. He might
               | not expect or understand the degree of hostility or
               | discrimination his female colleagues face when dealing
               | with these very same older researchers. I believe that as
               | time passes and the egalitarian culture actually gets to
               | the "top of the food chain," we will see a distribution
               | that is more representative of male and female
               | preferences without the added discriminatory pressure.
        
               | icare_1er wrote:
               | So: "women choose a career that would give them less
               | pain".
               | 
               | You can flip it any way you want, you will always end up
               | with the following conclusion which demolishes your
               | feminists dogmas: that women and men have inherently
               | different interests, which, big news, is not surprising,
               | given that they are different.
        
               | icare_1er wrote:
               | You speak like someone or something is forcefully
               | preventing a girl from studying IT if she wants to. I
               | like how feminists make it sound like they live under the
               | Taliban. Give me one actual example of a girl that was
               | prevented from doing what she wanted.... it's the
               | opposite. Women are freer than ever to do whatever they
               | want. Bad luck for feminist dogmas: it produces the
               | opposite result of what they hoped for, and confirms the
               | gender bias.
        
               | lyaa wrote:
               | ?? It's entirely reasonable for two populations to make
               | statistically different choices when they are under
               | different pressures. It is exactly what is happening with
               | what is being discussed in this thread: white men
               | skipping college because they have face pressures to earn
               | money, feel college is not for them, etc. Women face
               | different levels of these pressures and also pressure to
               | skip STEM and go into "feminine" majors.
               | 
               | The different pressures are sufficient to explain much of
               | the different major choices, especially when considering
               | the changing distribution in other countries with
               | different sets of pressures.
               | 
               | There are indeed differences between men and women --
               | cis-men can't give birth, for instance. However, other
               | than the statistical population differences, an average
               | man and an average women with equitable socioeconomic
               | settings are incredibly similar in many areas. Perhaps
               | even in an ideal world there would be more female
               | biologists and more male IT workers. That would be fine.
               | What matters is that a human who is interested in
               | something would have a fighting chance to get there.
               | 
               | Right now, cultural and societal factors are tipping
               | different scales in different ways. For future
               | generation, we would do well to reduce the imbalance --
               | encourage and support minorities, women, and, yes, white
               | men. People face different battles and helping some does
               | not mean others have to be ignored.
        
               | kibbleble wrote:
               | The more relaxed gender roles a society has, the more men
               | aspire to be musicians, philosophers, comedians, sports
               | journalists, filmmakers, poets, or motivational speakers
               | instead of studying for a useful STEM career.
        
         | throwtheworld wrote:
         | > A narrative that (white) men are uniformly privileged and
         | life is just easy for them.
         | 
         | This is very perspective dependent. I'm a black college student
         | now and every conversation with friends back home includes some
         | mention of dropping out because it's not for us as well. When
         | you see people with equivalent resumes already coasting by in
         | the job market because they could get their last names and
         | LinkedIn photos past the screening and into an interview it's
         | hard to believe that'll change post-graduation. And most of us
         | are already in planning on entrepreneurship because we know
         | we're not what companies are looking for even with fancy CS
         | degrees. It's like if I'll have to sell sneakers to make ends
         | meet after college anyways I might as well drop out and use
         | that money bootstrapping this inventory SaaS. Innovation out of
         | desperation, I guess.
         | 
         | It's no way to live. But I think we're approaching an
         | inflection point.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | "I'm a black college student now and every conversation with
           | friends back home includes some mention of dropping out
           | because it's not for us as well."
           | 
           | I can only recommend that you have to base life decisions on
           | your own experience, because it can differ dramatically.
           | 
           | I have an experience from which I have drawn some conclusions
           | - I am an immigrant and many of my co-immigrants are
           | convinced that the locals dislike them, they feel they are
           | being treated unfairly, etc.
           | 
           | I was unable to square my experience with their's: surely
           | they can't be imagining things, but at the same time I cannot
           | be just magically lucky. Some of them are older generation,
           | maybe things were different back then. Maybe, when they face
           | difficulties they are more likely to attribute it to
           | discrimination. Maybe some behavioural stereotyoes play a
           | role - I don't know.
           | 
           | For a while I wanted to try a 'secret shopper' experiment,
           | create two fake Linkedin profiles, identical except
           | background- try applying for jobs with them. Never got round
           | to it.
        
             | throwtheworld wrote:
             | > For a while I wanted to try a 'secret shopper' experiment
             | 
             | We did something like this! But we swapped slightly
             | reworded resumes and the response ratio leaned even further
             | in the white classmate's favor. We just laughed, as if we
             | couldn't believe that what we half-joked about actually
             | happened. I'm long past the point of being sad. I guess
             | that's life.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | A study has been made with your experiment here in Canada.
             | The result was that the white-sounding profiles got more
             | interviews based solely on last name, no picture needed.
             | 
             | [PDF, French]: https://www.cdpdj.qc.ca/Publications/etude_t
             | esting_discrimin...
        
           | damagednoob wrote:
           | Where are you and your friends getting your information from?
           | If you're in the US or Europe, IMO the market for programmers
           | has never been better. It may be a struggle to get the first
           | job but if you persevere, it will get easier.
        
           | b7a9a9a wrote:
           | complete your degree and then do federal contracting; for
           | entrepreneurship:
           | 
           | https://www.sba.gov/business-guide/grow-your-
           | business/minori...
           | 
           | > we're not what companies are looking for even with fancy CS
           | degrees.
           | 
           | You are exactly what the federal government is looking for.
           | US contract procurement has a significant racial spoils
           | system within it.
        
             | throwtheworld wrote:
             | This is one of the things I was looking into, thank you!
        
           | nickd2001 wrote:
           | Do you mean by "we know we're not what companies are looking
           | for even with fancy CS degrees", simply that they're looking
           | for identically qualified people that aren't black? If so,
           | I'm extremely sorry to hear this, and disgusted that its
           | happening. I can't actually think of anyone I worked with
           | who'd knowingly treat or value a black colleague or interview
           | candidate any differently, but maybe that's white blindness
           | on my part, maybe its been going on and I didn't notice. In
           | case this is helpful info, I know that Capital One tech has
           | robust D&I policies and seeks to redress the balance. They
           | sponsor an organisation called "Blacks in Tech". Their senior
           | management seem to say it makes good business sense and
           | provides competitive edge, to reward talented people who
           | happen to be black, whom other employers are too
           | stupid/racist to consider hiring and/or promoting quick
           | enough once hired. so, if I were a black American looking for
           | a job in tech I'd look at Capital One if struggling to get
           | anywhere with other employers.
        
             | astura wrote:
             | >that they're looking for identically qualified people that
             | aren't black?
             | 
             | You see this here on HN all the time, articles about "how
             | we do hiring" that start out with "I would only hire
             | someone who I'd want to get coffee with." Which, to me at
             | least, makes it sound like the person is looking to hire
             | friends/drinking buddies that also have technical skills,
             | not employees. It's a signal that the person is looking for
             | "their type of people."
             | 
             | It's so acceptable to hire this way that people feel
             | comfortable opening publishing that, under their own name,
             | as something they are proud of.
             | 
             | I'm not even black (but I am a woman, I grew up poor, and
             | I'm on the older side) and constantly reading about hiring
             | procedures like that makes me feel like I'm very much not
             | welcome.
        
               | nickd2001 wrote:
               | Seems to me 100% their loss, if they don't want you! I'm
               | white and male, but the wrong side of 40. Occasionally
               | I've faced ageist "humour". But anywhere that's
               | unfriendly to older people, women, non-white people,
               | would IMHO suck to work even if you were young, white,
               | male etc. Wouldn't wanna work with prejudiced people even
               | if they think I'm "like them". Working in a diverse
               | inclusive team is far more joyful, as well as more
               | productive. BTW in my current workplace, there's a lady
               | who's both older and black. She's awesome at her job, has
               | a unique set of skills built up over many years. IMHO
               | she's irreplaceable as well as a fun nice person to work
               | with. So thank goodness we don't have something that'd
               | have made her feel unwelcome....
        
               | arglebarglegar wrote:
               | this is also what people mean when they don't hire
               | someone because they're not a good "culture fit" the
               | facade on this discrimination is razor thin
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | Capital One is a great place to work. When it comes to
             | corporate behemoths it doesn't have much competition that I
             | know of. Very supportive culture that is obsessively
             | focused on improving teams, the culture, and processes.
        
           | AussieWog93 wrote:
           | >It's like if I'll have to sell sneakers to make ends meet
           | after college anyways
           | 
           | Just for what it's worth, I (not black, but from a different
           | group that is not looked upon kindly by HR types) took the
           | route of EEE Degree -> PhD (dropped out) -> Software Engineer
           | at Relatively Elite company (not FAANG, but about as good as
           | we have in Melbourne, AU) -> running eCommerce businesses
           | from home (selling used video games on eBay as well as a USB
           | oscilloscope I designed as a student, mostly through Amazon).
           | 
           | If you're smart and skilled, you can make an absolute killing
           | doing something that stoners or less intelligent people do to
           | "get by", and at the same time spend massive amounts of
           | quality time with your (probably at this stage future) wife
           | and kids.
           | 
           | If you want to have a chat about it, feel free to shoot us an
           | email (see profile). But long story short, even if you're
           | locked out of the traditional job market it doesn't mean you
           | should give up on developing your skills or give up hope.
           | Capitalism provides, man.
        
           | Aunche wrote:
           | I can't speak for your personal experience, but at least on
           | paper, companies are begging for more diverse hires, even
           | blatantly admitting to breaking the Civil Rights act to do
           | so.
           | 
           | https://careers.google.com/jobs/results/132267679726609094-s.
           | ..
           | 
           | >students who are a member of a group that is historically
           | underrepresented in the technology industry will receive
           | priority in the selection process. This group includes women,
           | ethnic minorities and students with disabilities.
        
             | throwtheworld wrote:
             | Unfortunately, once you're giving "priority" to such a
             | broad group of people (e.g. every permutation of gender,
             | whatever you consider ethnic, and ability minorities) it
             | becomes easy to say one thing and continue doing another.
             | 
             | The companies that have to virtue-signal do so because you
             | wouldn't notice if they didn't tell you. I'd prefer they
             | skip that and hire who they want without the pretense, and
             | if that's not me, fine, but please be honest.
        
           | _Nat_ wrote:
           | Dropping out of a fancy Computer Science program that you're
           | already in would seem like an extraordinarily bad idea.
           | 
           | If someone's trying to talk you into quitting and giving up
           | because no one wants you because you're black, well.. that
           | doesn't sound like a good friend to me.
           | 
           | Don't get me wrong -- a few tech-billionaires dropped out of
           | college, and apparently it worked out for some. So if you
           | want to try that out, then that'd seem like a different
           | issue. But dropping out because you're black sounds crazy.
           | 
           | All that said, if you want to feel out the waters, why not
           | apply for an internship? Internships can be awesome! -- you
           | can get experience and money while still being a student,
           | plus it can be fun!
        
             | throwtheworld wrote:
             | > Dropping out of a fancy Computer Science program that
             | you're already in would seem like an extraordinarily bad
             | idea
             | 
             | Of course haha the name brand and few cool professors are
             | keeping me at this point. But I never expected to go from
             | the highest ranking/gpa/scores to having leaving academia
             | even at the edge of the table.
             | 
             | > But dropping out because you're black sounds crazy.
             | 
             | It's more like "if I can make X amount anyways today, why
             | do it Y way when I'll be behind anyways? Might as well gain
             | the experience and be in the same position 4-5 years from
             | now?" if that makes sense but I understand it sounding rash
             | through text.
             | 
             | > why not apply for an internship?
             | 
             | It seems we all have the same issue of never getting
             | responses online. It's very odd considering we've done
             | incredibly well when the interview is direct with the
             | person hiring (as in this is the person that makes the
             | final decision), but situations like that are limited.
        
               | notJim wrote:
               | Apologies if this is obvious, but if you're not getting
               | callbacks, usually the issue is with your resume or
               | application. If you haven't already, I would look for
               | groups that review resumes and applications (especially
               | groups that involve people who are already working or
               | have experience hiring.) You could also try posting on
               | the /r/cscareerquestions subreddit to have people
               | critique your resume.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | Send me your resume to and I'll pass it along:
           | 
           | taway1343@gmail.com
        
           | listless wrote:
           | > "We know we're not what companies are looking for"
           | 
           | Why do you say that? Because I can tell you as an employee of
           | a FAANG company that you are exactly what these companies are
           | looking for. They've got serious diversity issues -
           | especially among Black men (not assuming a gender here just
           | facts) - and they are desperate to balance themselves out.
           | 
           | I mean that as an encouraging statement. You ARE who is being
           | looked for. Be confident in that and use it to your
           | advantage.
        
           | baron816 wrote:
           | I think your comment, and the responses to it help advance my
           | point: there are a bunch of narratives out there that are not
           | wholly rooted in reality (or out of date in your case). These
           | can have detrimental effects.
           | 
           | There are certainly black individuals who would pursue a
           | career in tech, if not for the (perhaps earned) perception
           | that tech is hostile towards black people. Things have
           | changed, but the narrative hasn't, and that is doing real
           | damage.
           | 
           | I'm trying to say the same sort of thing applies to white men
           | and college--just there being a _perception_ of college
           | campuses being hostile to them is going to prevent many of
           | them from going. And people will be hurt by that, in one way
           | or another.
        
           | 10x-dev wrote:
           | This doesn't match up with my experience as an interviewer at
           | several FAANGs.
           | 
           | HR typically wants their diversity numbers up badly so if
           | you're gay, a woman, and/or black they are already incredibly
           | inclined to hire you, as long as you pass the interviews.
           | 
           | It's not a walk in the park, but you have this going for you
           | and it's a big advantage imo.
        
             | Ensorceled wrote:
             | > HR typically wants their diversity numbers up badly
             | 
             | This kind of implies that they don't actually hire
             | diversely or the issue wouldn't be so dire ...
        
               | zzbzq wrote:
               | It could also imply lack of candidates.
               | 
               | Which is demonstrably true; they're not hiring from the
               | general population they're hiring largely from
               | universities, and you can look at those universities and
               | see there's already an imbalance in demographics of the
               | available job candidates.
        
             | thinkcontext wrote:
             | Your experience does not match research on the job market
             | generally. Multiple studies show increased responses to
             | resumes with "whitened" names. This is, of course, at odds
             | with the white victimhood narrative that unqualified
             | minorities are taking jobs, when it is in fact the opposite
             | which is occurring.
             | 
             | https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/minorities-who-whiten-job-
             | resumes...
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | I just went over the actual study itself and it does not
               | support your claim:
               | 
               | http://www-2.rotman.utoronto.ca/facbios/file/Whitening%20
               | MS%...
               | 
               | It's a sort of interesting read but nothing too dramatic
               | and whether it's evidence of racism is subject to
               | interpretation. What isn't subject to interpretation is
               | the claim that the study shows that "whitened" names
               | increase callbacks. On the contrary whitening names has
               | no effect on callbacks as indicated on page 31:
               | 
               | "Whitening the name only (versus not whitening at all)
               | did not make a statistically significant difference for
               | black applicants"
               | 
               | The actual study shows that removing racial indicators
               | from experience is what results in a gap in callbacks. So
               | someone who represents themselves as the leader of their
               | campus' "Black Student Business Association" is less
               | likely to get a call back than someone who represented
               | themselves as the leader of their campus' "Student
               | Business Association". They refer to the removal of
               | racial indicators as whitening but I think that's
               | prematurely jumping to conclusions. The name aspect is
               | certainly a form of whitening, since black names are
               | being changed to white names. But it's premature to refer
               | to the removal of racial indicators and making the
               | experience racially neutral as a form of whitening.
               | 
               | Other forms of experience that explicitly mention race
               | result in less callbacks than when that same experience
               | doesn't mention race. Whether this is racism or not can
               | not be concluded strictly based off of the study's
               | parameters. For example, if I were presented with one
               | candidate who was in charge of the university's "Law
               | Society" I would probably pick that person over someone
               | who was in charge of that university's "Black Law
               | Society", and I don't think I would be racist for doing
               | so. I would consider being in charge of an organization
               | that is open to all races or is independent of race as a
               | more prestigious accomplishment than being in charge of
               | an organization that is race specific.
               | 
               | To test whether I was racist in my decision making, I
               | would need to pick someone who was not in charge of
               | anything over someone who was in charge of the "Black Law
               | Society", with all else being equal. The study did not do
               | this comparison and unfortunately the study does not
               | present the raw data so there's no way for me to do this
               | analysis myself.
               | 
               | I could bicker about some of the methodological issues as
               | well which are not exactly rigorous, as well as the fact
               | that this study is not exactly pertinent to this
               | conversation as they only looked at internships for jobs
               | that are not technical in nature, with the bulk of them
               | being sales and marketing, and customer service jobs,
               | instead of engineering, computer science, law, or
               | professional jobs.
               | 
               | Ultimately no study is going to be perfect but one should
               | not read too much into many of these studies. They are
               | not nearly as rigorous or definitive as one would expect
               | and furthermore they don't tend to generalize.
        
               | thinkcontext wrote:
               | > I just went over the actual study itself and it does
               | not support your claim:
               | 
               | Good catch, I had been thinking of another study which
               | looked specifically at only changing names on resumes.
               | That's:
               | 
               | Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and
               | Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination
               | 
               | https://www.nber.org/papers/w9873
               | 
               | In any event, its not a single study that's looked at
               | this. Have a look at this meta-analysis of 24 studies
               | 
               | https://www.pnas.org/content/114/41/10870.full
        
             | throwtheworld wrote:
             | > long as you pass the interviews.
             | 
             | 40 applications and 2 resume consultations later and no
             | interview even offered. Meanwhile, some guy you run circles
             | around in real world programming/business experience is 8
             | for 10. My white classmates noticed this before I did
             | because I've just accepted it as part of life.
        
               | akomtu wrote:
               | Referrals is the secret sauce. Those 8/10 guys don't just
               | send resumes to the public company address.
        
             | tchaffee wrote:
             | > as long as you pass the interviews.
             | 
             | Aren't these are known to be extremely difficult interviews
             | compared to most tech interviews? What percentage of
             | candidates who apply get hired? I would imagine the numbers
             | are quite low?
        
               | 10x-dev wrote:
               | My opinion is that generalist interviews are difficult
               | but not 'extremely'. For example, here is a problem I
               | came up with at one company:
               | 
               | Given a list of chapters in a video course, and a list of
               | user bookmarks, write a function that groups the
               | bookmarks by chapter. Chapters and bookmarks are defined
               | as millisecond offsets from 0 (the start of the video
               | file).
               | 
               | I'd specify the data structures for junior devs and let
               | the more senior people work those out.
               | 
               | Your average developer that gets hired can solve and unit
               | test the solution in less than 35 minutes. Those who
               | don't might be having an off day, or I didn't do a good
               | job at explaining the problem and details, or they didn't
               | ask the right questions or who knows. The point is, a
               | thousand things can go wrong, but the problem itself
               | isn't that difficult. A few loops and a hashmap gets you
               | an acceptable solution.
               | 
               | This and the other problems in the interview question
               | databases at FAANGs are typical of what's in the Cracking
               | the Coding Interview book. Whether someone's ability to
               | solve these types of problems quickly is indicative of
               | their skill level is a hot topic of debate, but if one
               | wants to join these companies, then hacking the process
               | by learning to solve algorithm and data structure
               | problems is acceptable and not a particularly complex
               | process. It's high overhead for the candidate, but at the
               | very least it proves that they can learn, and learning
               | the custom tools and code quickly is about half the
               | skillet required to be successful at a FAANG.
        
               | tchaffee wrote:
               | > then hacking the process by learning to solve algorithm
               | and data structure problems is acceptable
               | 
               | Have you considered that underrepresented candidates
               | might not have the free time outside of university,
               | family, and job responsibilities in order to compete with
               | those whose families can support them to focus on only
               | university and preparing for interviews?
               | 
               | If HR wants their diversity numbers up, maybe HR needs to
               | consider having some diversity in the interview process
               | itself? I wouldn't expect a cookie cutter process to
               | result in much diversity of background or thought.
               | 
               | > Whether someone's ability to solve these types of
               | problems quickly is indicative of their skill level is a
               | hot topic of debate
               | 
               | One of the best interviewing tips I learned that has
               | served me extremely well is to try disprove my impression
               | of the candidate. It seems like this process entirely
               | fails at that.
        
               | edmundsauto wrote:
               | The problem is that companies also want an objective
               | hiring process, because otherwise employee bias will seep
               | in. The fact that these two issues are in opposition
               | (plus the general recruiting pipeline issues) are why
               | this is such a difficult problem to solve.
        
               | tchaffee wrote:
               | > The problem is that companies also want an objective
               | hiring process
               | 
               | Usually only at a very superficial level. Enough to
               | comply with the law. And to be fair, some companies do
               | have good intentions with a little extra effort and money
               | put into diversity efforts.
               | 
               | A truly objective hiring process would take into account
               | that Joe and Charley who both got the same results on the
               | coding test are not equally qualified if Joe grew up
               | poor, with parents who never graduated high school, paid
               | his own way through university by working full-time, and
               | along with raising a child as a single parent. While
               | Charley comes from a wealthy family and focused only on
               | studying and job interview prep. With his parents passing
               | along some of their own higher education to him as
               | needed, connecting him to their large network for job
               | opportunities, etc.
               | 
               | Joe is obviously a better candidate. His starting line
               | was far behind Charley's and yet he crossed the finish
               | line at the same time. Joe would be a better candidate
               | even if he passed the finish line a little after Charley.
               | If you want a truly objective hiring process you need to
               | look at starting lines, not just finish lines.
               | 
               | Most companies are doing almost the opposite and only
               | looking at the finish line. They want to look only at the
               | skills and exclude the actual person in a misguided
               | effort to be objective.
               | 
               | All that really does it amplify existing societal bias
               | and privilege by rewarding those who got the most breaks
               | in life.
               | 
               | > this is such a difficult problem to solve.
               | 
               | Agreed. And it would be more expensive. Part of why the
               | status quo is so hard to change. You've got to spend the
               | money and do the work. Or take shortcuts and discriminate
               | on one side or the other.
        
             | yardie wrote:
             | There are a lot more people of color trying to break into
             | the field than there are companies willing to hire them.
             | There is a big difference between what they are saying and
             | what they are implementing and I can say with absolute
             | confidence that diversity is just lip service. FAANGs
             | primarily recruit from other FAANGs. If none of those
             | companies are diverse how are they going to diversify their
             | recruitment?
        
               | snakeboy wrote:
               | > FAANGs primarily recruit from other FAANGs
               | 
               | How could that be? I was under the impression that a huge
               | amount of new hires come in each year from fresh
               | university graduates.
        
               | yardie wrote:
               | Take Apple for example, out of the 600+ jobs posted on
               | their career website only 19 even mention students. And
               | some of those are actual student jobs: student outreach,
               | student recruiters. If they have a different pipeline for
               | recruiting students I'm not aware of it. If new graduate
               | positions are only recruited at campus job fairs that has
               | a greater potential to be worse. FAANGs haven't been
               | recruiting from majority minority schhols or HBCUs.
        
               | babyblueblanket wrote:
               | There was actually a big twitter thread by a black
               | recruiter at Google (now cut) who out and out said that
               | Google's interviewing engineers looked down on black
               | seniors and ranked them universally lower than white
               | seniors, particularly black seniors from historically
               | black universities. She had to fight tooth and nail to
               | accomplish getting the first black entry-level-from-
               | college hire in all of Google's history.
        
               | rkk3 wrote:
               | The thread https://twitter.com/realabril/status/134113581
               | 9487100928?lan...
               | 
               | And it was specifically about hiring from HBU's vs other
               | elite institutions, not about hiring black applicants in
               | general which is how you described it.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | 10x-dev wrote:
               | Why attribute malice to people at these companies when it
               | is possible that all the challenges and disadvantages
               | minorities and women have to surpass, in the end, result
               | in those groups not coming up at the top, with the
               | ultimate sorting function being the hiring process?
               | 
               | I see getting hired as the last stage in the pipeline,
               | with the first stages being your family, then your
               | education and then employment.
               | 
               | The more things go wrong in the first stages, the less
               | likely it is for one to succeed at getting to the top of
               | the next stage.
               | 
               | If people from underprivileged families can only afford
               | to go to the 50% best school in the state, then to the
               | 75% best college, then by the time they enter the job
               | search page, they won't be at the top of the list (again,
               | on average).
               | 
               | I'll use myself as an example: I had the privilege of
               | coding for entire weekends when I was young, while my
               | peers had to work the land. This gave me a distinct
               | advantage early on, which I capitalized on, so at an
               | interview with a company I am more likely to get hired
               | than if those same peers had hypothetically applied,
               | again because it wouldn't make sense for a company to
               | pass on the best candidate when they are all competing
               | for talent, regardless of race, gender, height or other
               | ways of splitting people into groups.
               | 
               | I think everyone agrees that the current situation when
               | it comes to diversity in the workplace is not acceptable,
               | and we should definitely fix it, but in my opinion, if
               | companies are competing fairly for talent, then that part
               | of the pipeline doesn't really need fixing. We can
               | instead use it as a test to see if the attempts at fixing
               | the earlier stages result in better numbers.
               | 
               | P.S. This a difficult subject and I don't intend to
               | offend anyone. Despite my relative privilege above,
               | compared to my peers in the US, I still grew up in a poor
               | and underprivileged family and am behind my current peers
               | both financially and socially, so it's a topic that hits
               | home for me.
        
           | spoonjim wrote:
           | You must have bad information because FAANG companies compete
           | over hiring black software engineers. They want to get their
           | numbers up and there aren't many to hire.
        
             | tchaffee wrote:
             | How many FAANG companies are there? I guess five from the
             | name. Does every black applicant with a CS degree get a job
             | if they apply? It's a free pass?
             | 
             | Your sample size of five elite companies can't be taken as
             | a serious attempt to describe the actual experience of
             | black CS grads applying for jobs.
        
               | throwaway556677 wrote:
               | A charitable (and, I think, reasonable) reading would be
               | that the poster used FAANG as a representation of the
               | overall trend in tech. FAANG are what the rest of the
               | industry aspires to be, after all.
        
               | astura wrote:
               | What's "tech?" Large VC funded B2C companies get a lot of
               | press and are most well known but I'd imagine most
               | software engineering jobs are either at "non-tech"
               | companies or companies that provide B2B services.
        
               | tchaffee wrote:
               | How many CS jobs are even in the "the industry" though?
               | Home Depot, Walmart, and Nestle are examples of massive
               | companies that do not aspire to be Facebook or anything
               | like it, but who hire lots of software engineers. Most
               | companies are not tech companies, although a handful of
               | tech giants have done very well.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | The top 5 have recruited over a million people between
               | 2000 and 2018. That's an average of about 50,000 new
               | recruits per year. Not all of those are in engineering of
               | course, and those are global numbers, but still they hire
               | tens of thousands of engineers every year. Here in the UK
               | local software companies constantly complain that the
               | cream of every year's CS grads emigrate to the US.
        
               | tchaffee wrote:
               | Doing the rough math, Google employs about 80,000
               | engineers today. Generously assuming the other FAANGs
               | employ as many engineers, you get about 400,000
               | engineers. There are about 26 million software engineers
               | in the world.
               | 
               | So that's 1.5% of all engineers. And that's being very
               | generous. The real number is surely below 1%. No surprise
               | that the most desirable companies hire the top 1%.
               | 
               | (Happy for someone to correct my numbers and the
               | resulting percentage - it's based on a few Google
               | searches).
               | 
               | Unless my numbers are way off, it's safe to say that over
               | 99% of engineers in the world are not working at a FAANG.
               | I stand by my claim that we should not be using what
               | happens at FAANGs as reliable anecdotal evidence of the
               | interview experience for most candidates.
        
             | dkdk8283 wrote:
             | My company is only hiring black engineers or women. You
             | have no chance if you are a white man and don't have an in.
        
               | spoonjim wrote:
               | What company can afford to be so exclusive in hiring?
        
               | dudul wrote:
               | It's not as extrem for me, but I was told by HR that all
               | female/non-white applicants had to move automatically to
               | the phone screen step, regardless of the resume.
        
               | astura wrote:
               | So you're guessing everyone's race/ethnicity and gender
               | identity based on their resume?
        
               | dudul wrote:
               | Our application form has a required field for LinkedIn
               | profile, so we use the picture/name. If there is no way
               | to make a guess we just treat it as a normal application
               | and review the resume.
        
               | spoonjim wrote:
               | I assume Chinese and Indians are not included in "non-
               | white"?
        
               | dudul wrote:
               | I personally do count them as "non-white" when reviewing
               | applications. Our DE&I group only reports "white vs non-
               | white" and "males vs females" ratios, so I assume they
               | are considered "asians" and lumped into "non-white".
        
               | sgerenser wrote:
               | That really makes no sense if the goal is to increase
               | "minority" representation. In my experience at BigTech
               | Indian and Chinese applicants outnumbered white by at
               | least 2:1.
        
               | spoonjim wrote:
               | But it's not the point. The point is to keep the Twitter
               | mob at bay.
        
               | exporectomy wrote:
               | How is that legal?
        
               | commandlinefan wrote:
               | Breaking the law is only illegal if the law is enforced.
        
               | jpxw wrote:
               | It isn't. But nobody cares about that. Employment law
               | appears to only work in one direction.
        
               | exporectomy wrote:
               | Yep. I've converted myself to a member of the native
               | ethnicity because my government has a policy of
               | preferentially buying from native-owned businesses but
               | failed to define nativeness using any immutable or
               | objective characteristics. I just have to remember my new
               | ethnicity on any future forms that ask for it. It may
               | also entitle me to enhanced healthcare services.
        
               | xphilter wrote:
               | I hope you're kidding. What a terrible thing to do.
        
               | aleister_777 wrote:
               | It's also terrible to consider that "enhanced health
               | services" are only reserved for certain shades on the
               | color wheel.
        
               | bigbillheck wrote:
               | People can just go on the internet and say whatever they
               | like.
        
               | jensensbutton wrote:
               | When was the last non-black hire at your company?
        
           | RickJWagner wrote:
           | Please reconsider.
           | 
           | As far as I can tell, Big Tech has terrible numbers for
           | diversity and they are tripping over themselves trying to
           | bring the numbers up. I really, truly believe that non-white,
           | non-male candidates are not going to suffer if they can get
           | the resume on the table.
           | 
           | Stay the course. Good things await.
        
           | rkk3 wrote:
           | > some mention of dropping out because it's not for us as
           | well
           | 
           | That is cultural transition & stereotype threat first-
           | generation college attendees face, regardless of race.
           | 
           | > When you see people with equivalent resumes already
           | coasting by in the job market because they could get their
           | last names and LinkedIn photos past the screening and into an
           | interview it's hard to believe that'll change post-graduation
           | 
           | If anything, they are probably getting introductions/doors
           | opened for them by friends & family. It sounds like you are
           | probably applying for some of the most competitive positions
           | in the world, Google and many other places have less than 1%
           | acceptance rate for interns. Harvard is an order of magnitude
           | less selective. It sucks, but don't let struggling to get an
           | internship get you down.
        
           | arthur_sav wrote:
           | > Innovation out of desperation, I guess.
           | 
           | It's the only way to innovate imo.
        
           | jmeister wrote:
           | I'm sorry, in 2021, companies and universities are bending
           | over backwards to hire black candidates.
           | 
           | This falls in the "earth is not flat" category in 2021, I
           | will not bother posting evidence, as a litmus test of the HN
           | crowd.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | I'm sorry, I'm black and this is not my experience. I will
             | not bother posting evidence either, because why does
             | evidence matter when you already know something to be true,
             | right?
        
             | LightG wrote:
             | Do you hear that?
             | 
             | It's the sound of your mind closing ...
        
             | tchaffee wrote:
             | Both can be true. The number you really need is what
             | percentage of black people with a CS degree end up actually
             | getting a job offer.
             | 
             | And highly publicized diversity efforts by tech giants does
             | not necessarily reflect what the average company in Ohio is
             | doing. The news is not the data, so yeah, you really do
             | need more evidence than "it's what I heard".
        
               | icare_1er wrote:
               | >what percentage of black people with a CS degree end up
               | actually getting a job offer.
               | 
               | So, the next step after forcing universities to give out
               | degrees, is to force companies to hire minorities just to
               | produce statistics that would please liberals ?
               | 
               | Really starts to sound like Communist countries declaring
               | what the unemployment figures should be, by law.
        
             | Cipater wrote:
             | This is the funniest thing I've read on Hackernews in a
             | while.
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | > I'm a black college student now and every conversation
           | > with friends back home includes some mention of       >
           | dropping out because it's not for us as well.
           | 
           | Naive question, I don't live where you live. But who is the
           | "us" that your friends speak of? Black people? Black
           | Americans? Black people from a specific subculture?
           | 
           | And finally, what determines that college is not for the "us"
           | your friend refers to? Culture? Post-graduation job
           | prospects? At least from his perspective.
        
         | bmj wrote:
         | _I'm not convinced that all those men need to go to college,
         | but they clearly need something._
         | 
         | This. We are seeing the results of what was reported in the
         | book _Boys Adrift_.
         | 
         | My older son just graduated high school. He has no interest in
         | college at the moment, and has shown a gift for working with
         | his hands. He is currently doing a carpentry apprenticeship
         | with an acquaintance that runs a renovation and design company.
         | He loves the work, loves the people he works with[0], and comes
         | home and wants to build more stuff. He's making pretty decent
         | money as an 18 year old, and is part of something that very
         | much embodied.
         | 
         | [0] His crew is run by Swedish woman who was trained as a metal
         | worker, so it isn't just a bunch of dudes, which is also great.
        
           | ttmb wrote:
           | > [0] His crew is run by Swedish woman who was trained as a
           | metal worker
           | 
           | It is a small world and I am 98% sure that your son has been
           | in my house recently.
        
           | dgb23 wrote:
           | I very much struggled with discipline and motivation at
           | university and eventually dropped out. It was not until I
           | started working when I became a highly motivated self-driven
           | learner. Now I _love_ studying and learning (and teaching),
           | but I do it at my own pace and I choose the things that
           | matter for my work or are just plain fun.
           | 
           | Looking back a decade later, it would have been very
           | beneficial if I didn't go to university but instead did an
           | apprenticeship and developed from there, built up confidence
           | and independence incrementally and forming my path
           | iteratively.
           | 
           | Most of my friends and family actually went (are going) on
           | such a path, from apprenticeship/trade-school to working and
           | eventually advanced training or university later in life.
           | 
           | In Switzerland this model is widely appreciated and seems to
           | be the default (I didn't look at numbers). Newly the (first)
           | apprenticeship is called "Erstausbildung" (initial
           | education), implying that it is the first of many steps in
           | our education, revisited/expanded at later stages in life.
           | 
           | In many other (OECD) countries this seems not to be the case
           | and college/university is regarded as the default or thing to
           | aspire to for everyone. I personally don't agree with that
           | notion and have become more and more convinced of a more
           | continuous and flexible education that isn't necessarily tied
           | to academics.
        
             | odessacubbage wrote:
             | it is a lot easier to be motivated to learn when you're
             | doing something you want to do and filling in the gaps your
             | knowledge as-needed as opposed to grinding gen-eds because
             | _they 'll be on the test_... that gates your placement into
             | another set of gen-eds.
        
             | sadfev wrote:
             | I think that's a better approach.
             | 
             | I hope some of the implicit stigma around older undergrads
             | goes away too.
             | 
             | Not everyone is motivated or gifted enough at 18 to grind
             | through 4 years while maximizing social interactions and
             | general happiness.
             | 
             | I really do believe university education is very beneficial
             | to most people but at different stages of their lives and
             | one solution fits all is not good.
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | > [0] His crew is run by Swedish woman who was trained as a
           | metal worker, so it isn't just a bunch of dudes, which is
           | also great.
           | 
           | I find it fascinating you needed to drop this comment in
           | order to justify your son's work environment, implying that
           | all male environments are inherently toxic. It's very rare to
           | find people suggesting that an all female work environment is
           | inherently bad.
        
             | lazyeye wrote:
             | I thought the same. It gets a little tiresome the very
             | narrow railroad tracks of thought we are now expected to
             | adhere to on any given topic. Any minor diversion always
             | require some statement to imply "hey Im still on the
             | railroad tracks..."
        
             | bmj wrote:
             | I'm not justifying his work environment, merely pointing
             | out that it is more diverse than the usual construction
             | site. I simply appreciate that as an 18 year old, he is
             | getting a unique experience.
        
           | michaelcampbell wrote:
           | I have a 20 year old (21 in 2 days, god help me) son in
           | college now, and one of his friends and our neighbor the same
           | age dropped out and started welding school. As far as I know
           | he loves it.
           | 
           | As a son of a blue collar mechanic, I am all for this; we
           | need more tradespeople in the US, and I suspect he'll be well
           | on his way to financial security at least as early if not
           | earlier than my son (if he takes care of his finances).
        
             | gjvc wrote:
             | Amen to this, Sir.
             | 
             | There's this from the .uk perspective
             | https://www.fixradio.co.uk/fix-
             | feed/features/post/everybody-...
        
         | LightG wrote:
         | "And a narrative that those men aren't wanted by society any
         | more."
         | 
         | Citation needed.
         | 
         | (Edit: I assume this is getting downvoted by men with self-
         | esteem issues. There are ways you can work on that. Good luck).
        
           | apples_oranges wrote:
           | I think your assumption is wrong. Your comment simply added
           | no or not enough value.
        
             | LightG wrote:
             | Thank you for your thoughts. Fascinating.
             | 
             | For your delectation and learning:
             | 
             | https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=self%20esteem%20train
             | i...
        
           | postsantum wrote:
           | Didn't downvote, but there are many people annoyed by endless
           | asking for citations in response to an opinion piece
        
         | Miner49er wrote:
         | > A narrative that (white) men are uniformly privileged and
         | life is just easy for them.
         | 
         | I doubt this has anything to do with it. What is the argument
         | here? They hear this and believe it so they don't think they
         | need school?
         | 
         | I grew up in a white, working class community, and in my
         | experience nobody paid attention to liberals on Twitter calling
         | them privelaged. Certainly not enough to decide not to go to
         | college over it.
        
           | Ensorceled wrote:
           | It's weirder; the claim is that young white men hear that
           | it's easier for young white men so they give up entirely.
           | 
           | Like the claim that all those people that joined the extreme
           | right wing groups because the "libs said they were Nazis so
           | why not".
        
         | mint2 wrote:
         | Being a white male, anecdotally there is more peer and cultural
         | pressure to care about sports, cars, tv, eating tons of meat,
         | and drinking then there is to succeed at school. And for a few
         | decades now a major political party has been bolstering anti-
         | science and anti college messages.
         | 
         | It is unsurprising less men are finishing college in the face
         | of that culture.
         | 
         | While there's going to be many causes, the aforementioned seem
         | more important than a message of privilege.
        
         | fredgrott wrote:
         | It's more accurate to say that Universities and Colleges are
         | extinct so the story should be what is taking its place and
         | what are the consequences...
         | 
         | Its just like the Ed loan program..
         | 
         | Many don't realize its a teaching goal tool, those that get
         | that they need to form a business around their brand to pay off
         | the loan win and those that do not lose and society loses.
         | 
         | We should not bet on society losing this time around such as
         | the elites did in the US!
        
         | pelasaco wrote:
         | I think that's exactly how racism works right? You segregate
         | people by how they look like and you make them believe that
         | because how they look like and their origins they are less
         | important then the others. Kind of funny how we humans think:
         | "let's correct a mistake repeating it over and over again".
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | When one of progressives guiding philosophies is _"The only
           | remedy to past discrimination is present discrimination. The
           | only remedy to present discrimination is future
           | discrimination."_ then this is exactly the plan. It's all in
           | their texts and one only has to read them to see plainly the
           | type of policy they work towards.
        
             | unethical_ban wrote:
             | Just so you know, chalk me up as an 'anti-woke' leftist.
             | Which might mean "Economist(TM) centrist".
             | 
             | I can be in support of anti-systemic-racism actions that
             | _do not_ act on an individual level. I can support
             | universal healthcare, higher income equality and whatnot,
             | without the binary race worldview that Kendi puts out.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Yes you can - you'd be a "Western Liberal", or "Liberal
               | Scientist" or whatever else we want to name the
               | philosophy of thought that began with the Enlightenment.
               | And being a "leftist" in that is 100% consistent with
               | that.
               | 
               | We tend to refer to "liberals" as people on the left but
               | in general a liberal is anyone who is consistent with
               | liberal beliefs which include a fair amount of
               | "conservatism" as well. However, there's quite a few
               | folks on the right that are as illiberal as the
               | progressives are on the left.
        
             | nomoreplease wrote:
             | Where are these texts? I didn't know that this is actually
             | written down
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/1118351/how-to-be-an-
               | antirac...
        
             | kendisaidit wrote:
             | Why is this guy being downvoted for quoting Ibram X Kendi,
             | author of How to Be an Antiracist?
        
               | commandlinefan wrote:
               | Inconvenient truth.
        
             | harimau777 wrote:
             | I don't think that's actually something progressives
             | generally believe. Do you have any evidence?
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Read "How to be an Anti-Raciat" by Ibram X Kendi. It was
               | a top selling book last year and he is a leading figure
               | of the progressive left. His academic work is cited
               | heavily in other progressive academic literature.
        
               | refenestrator wrote:
               | There's an interesting dynamic here where imo the silent
               | majority of progressives don't buy his approach and think
               | it's counterproductive, but any lone soul who says so is
               | called out, which side are you on here anyways.
               | 
               | So this guy gets to represent himself as a spokesman for
               | the movement and nobody really wants to contradict it
               | under their real name.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > the silent majority of progressives
               | 
               | Really, from what I can see all of current progressivism
               | is compatible with his approach.
               | 
               | The silent majority of people _who would have called
               | themselves progressives a decade ago_ are silent because
               | they are _silenced_ and called racists or just right-wing
               | if they question the new orthodoxy.
               | 
               | Ergo, the people you are referring to as a silent
               | majority are no longer included as _progressives._
        
               | harimau777 wrote:
               | I think that the issue goes both ways. Modern
               | conservatives have adopted a strategy of ignoring or
               | exploiting discrimination and inequality. So if someone
               | cares about addressing those issues, then the current
               | progressives are the only game in town.
        
               | refenestrator wrote:
               | If all of my policy preferences code as progressive but I
               | think Kendi and the white fragility lady are jackasses,
               | what does that make me then under your definition?
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | Someone who is looking for another group. Kendi and
               | DiAngelo's ideas _are what progressives are actually
               | enacting._
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Charitably, cognitively dissonant and more harshly, a
               | useful idiot some would say. I'd assume an egalitarian
               | person who means well and has started to become
               | suspicious of the more illiberal aspects of progressive
               | motivations.
        
               | refenestrator wrote:
               | Wow. So, what, I have to vote Trump now? That won't be
               | happening but always interesting to hear different
               | perspectives.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > So, what, I have to vote Trump now?
               | 
               | Why is that the implied option?
        
               | harimau777 wrote:
               | Americans live in a two party system. The only realistic
               | alternative to the Democrats, who are associated with
               | progressives, are the Republicans.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | Even if you believe that a two party system is the only
               | possibility, you can do many things that don't involve
               | voting for Trump.
        
               | refenestrator wrote:
               | The 'useful idiot' part that I replied to.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | "Useful idiot" is a term coined back in the day to
               | describe people who unwittingly spread the propaganda of
               | communists without really understanding the ultimate
               | goals. In this case being a progressive while disagreeing
               | with the leading ideas of the movement.
               | 
               | And no it doesn't mean a vote for Trump. It means not
               | supporting candidates that parrot this type of rhetoric
               | and to not support causes/movements that are a part of
               | it. FWIW Trump did ban critical race theory from being
               | brought into federal offices and Biden quickly reinstated
               | it under the guise of "learning to be nice to each other"
               | - which it isn't. Biden, in this case, I believe is a
               | useful idiot for propagating their propaganda, mistaking
               | it for harmless "diversity training". There's a big
               | difference!
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | He isn't a lone wolf or something though. Critical Theory
               | covers not only race (as in this case) but gender,
               | sexuality, disability and fat studies, and all types of
               | "social justice" scholarship. They all come from
               | Postcolonial Theory (essentially deconstructing Western
               | thought and Western Liberalism) which has had a massive
               | influence on all of these as they have adapted them.
               | 
               | From bell hooks and Kimberle Crenshaw (intersectionality)
               | into leading theories on feminist and racial thought -
               | this is the progressive and academic left. It is the
               | leading thought in every elite university. And you can't
               | run away from it and say "us silent majority
               | progressives...." - a progressive is either this or they
               | aren't progressive by today's standard. It is a social
               | force that is trying to get inside of everything it can,
               | from unrelated academic scholarship (look at what's in
               | modern STEM curricula) as well as corporate America and
               | now elite high schools.
               | 
               | My advice is to choose Liberalism without identity
               | politics and reject this school of thought as illiberal,
               | totalitarian, and harmful.
               | 
               | (For what it's worth, the entire scholarship of critical
               | theory isn't all awful. There's good things in there and
               | the identification of many societal problems is probably
               | right. However, it isn't unique to them and their
               | solutions for these problems are awful and regressive.)
        
               | refenestrator wrote:
               | I'm not trying to let anyone off the hook, just
               | describing the dynamics as I see them.
               | 
               | I identify as a cultural moderate for that reason. This
               | stuff is all divorced from actual politics, economics or
               | governing, it's purely cultural.
        
             | tck42 wrote:
             | That quote, in context, is available here.
             | 
             | https://www.penguin.co.uk/articles/2020/june/ibram-x-
             | kendi-d...
             | 
             | I think it's pretty clear from the full text that he's not
             | advocating for racism against past racists or their
             | offspring (which, intentional or not, is what your use of
             | the quote makes it sound like).
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | He's advocating for "anti-racism" which claims there is
               | no such thing as "not racist" policy, only racist policy
               | and anti-racist policy. But he jumps through hoops to
               | redefine racism so that it can suit his argument that
               | "not racist" doesn't exist. That if you don't consider
               | race in literally everything then you are racist, by his
               | definition. This is in direct opposition to the Civil
               | Rights act of 1964:
               | 
               |  _" Since the 1960s, racist power has commandeered the
               | term "racial discrimination," transforming the act of
               | discriminating on the basis of race into an inherently
               | racist act. But if racial discrimination is defined as
               | treating, considering, or making a distinction in favor
               | or against an individual based on that person's race,
               | then racial discrimination is not inherently racist. The
               | defining question is whether the discrimination is
               | creating equity or inequity." _
        
               | tck42 wrote:
               | I think the redefining racism you mention is simply
               | pointing out, at a high level, that one law does not
               | erase injustice ingrained into power systems that were
               | instructed by racism for literally hundreds of years, or
               | the effects those systems have had on the targets of this
               | racism and their offspring (things like generational
               | wealth accumulation), and everyone else subject to those
               | systems.
               | 
               | The other thing is the idea that, for those of us growing
               | up in various segments of society that are affected by
               | the above, our very mechanism of thought was generated by
               | this system, and that affects how we think about and
               | perceive these systems (and everything else).
               | 
               | I believe he's simply advocating for being conscious of
               | the above two facts, when examining these systems and
               | reforming them (and of course when teaching the history
               | of these systems). To ignore race and racism as if it
               | never happened is to allow all of that ingrained racism
               | to perpetuate (of systems and of thought). All of this
               | sounds pretty reasonable to me, but that may be due to my
               | particular experience.
               | 
               | That said - I'm no expert, I've only read the linked
               | passage so far, though I've now ordered the book and will
               | start reading it tonight. I'll refrain from commenting
               | further here (I think we're pretty off-topic already).
               | Thanks for the discussion!
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | It's not as off-topic as you might think as critical
               | theory covers a wide range of things.
               | 
               | One of the biggest issues with Kendi and similar works
               | (of which there are many in the academic world) are they
               | paint a false dichotomy and they frame themselves as the
               | only legitimate response to historical racism, etc. That
               | is, anti-racism is the only way to combat "white
               | supremacy". It's illiberal in this regard (and in fact,
               | the entire body of critical theory is not only skeptical
               | to western liberalism but actively attacks it as "the
               | tools of the oppressor") and I hope you find his remedies
               | as totalitarian and insane as I do. For instance, I don't
               | think a "Department of Anti-Racism" which is staffed by
               | "formally trained anti-racists" and not appointed by
               | elected officials with the authority to "clear" all
               | local, state, and federal policies to ensure they are
               | "anti-racist" is a good idea. And to be equipped with
               | "disciplinary tools" to punish non-compliance...
               | 
               | https://www.politico.com/interactives/2019/how-to-fix-
               | politi...
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | In the linked article, for lower income groups white men
               | trail black men for college admissions. (Let alone black
               | women.)
               | 
               | You can't always unequivocally state that white people
               | are privileged over non-whites in every circumstance.
               | Obviously it's going to be true in many cases, but it
               | can't always be just assumed.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | Right - he ignores that 'in favor of' one group means 'to
               | the disadvantage of other groups'.
               | 
               | Racial discrimination _is_ inherently racist.
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | > A lot of this is driven by narratives...
         | 
         | You give three examples but only tie the last to the admissions
         | issue. Could you expand on the others and how they might be
         | relevant to this issue?
        
         | teekert wrote:
         | _...an entire generation that feels lost, without purpose, and
         | unwanted._ I 'd argue that it is largely up to the parents to
         | instill a feeling of worth and help kids/young adults find
         | intrinsic motivation, not the educational system.
        
           | stemlord wrote:
           | It isn't necessarily just the educational system that's
           | leaving this impression, it is a culture at large, for
           | example on social media, and in various fields including the
           | arts. Parents can influence all they want but the outside
           | world needs to support these influences to an extent or they
           | fall flat.
        
             | teekert wrote:
             | Yeah, I suppose that's true, you do need some resilience to
             | peer/societal pressure. I could be a struggle.
        
           | mint2 wrote:
           | But what are the parents to do when they weren't taught to do
           | that by their own parents? There needs to be an intervention
           | to break the cycle.
        
         | smitty1e wrote:
         | My brother in law is an electrician.
         | 
         | I had enough EE in college to change a light switch without
         | burning the house down.
         | 
         | However, that book-learnin' fell apart when confronted with
         | troubleshooting a strangely wired room, and I got very polite
         | while asking him over to bail me out.
         | 
         | These fellows eschewing the ivory tower, where being of
         | European extraction and bearing a Y-chromosome on the college
         | campus is an indictment, are going to trade schools and will
         | make fat piles of cash repairing plumbing.
         | 
         | Hopefully, they are gracious with all the Grievance Studies
         | majors who are standing by to condescend in their direction.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > These fellows eschewing the ivory tower, where being of
           | European extraction and bearing a Y-chromosome on the college
           | campus is an indictment
           | 
           | I hate to have to mention this, but not all American men are
           | white.
        
             | inkblotuniverse wrote:
             | What does that have to do with the quoted sentence?
        
           | tchaffee wrote:
           | > I got very polite while asking him over to bail me out.
           | 
           | > all the Grievance Studies majors
           | 
           | So you're polite to those you find useful and insulting to
           | people majoring in something you presumably disagree with?
           | And assuming they will all be condescending to a plumber or
           | electrician for some reason?
           | 
           | Perhaps you don't have to look quite so far away if you're
           | looking to reduce the amount of condescending happening in
           | the room you're standing in?
        
           | znpy wrote:
           | > These fellows eschewing the ivory tower [...] are going to
           | trade schools and will make fat piles of cash repairing
           | plumbing.
           | 
           | I read somewhere that (ironocally) plumbing it the less
           | likely thing to be "automated" via an AI or something.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | hellbannedguy wrote:
           | I've was a union electrician for a few years.
           | 
           | Get in early. Get in a union. 25-30 years to retirement in
           | most unions. You don't want to be 60, and still in
           | construction.
           | 
           | The test is easy, but figure 1000-2000 guys are taking the
           | test too, so you need to get most of the questions right to
           | get in. An oral interview counts for 1/2 the hiring process.
           | 
           | Just say you love working with your hands--love unions, but
           | understand the needs of the contractors too.
           | 
           | Remember it's construction. You're around guys all day long.
           | It's brainless work, and you will never have to act cheery
           | when the owner's spoiled kid comes to work.
           | 
           | I do not recommend non-union construction at all.
           | 
           | Then again---hide in school for a long time. I loved college.
           | It was cheaper 25 years ago though, and not that fun, but
           | much better than any job I've had.
           | 
           | Your interest will change as you age.
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | This sounds like a lot of advice that boomers give, "do
             | exactly what I did".
        
           | atoav wrote:
           | I am a certified EE and have a MA of fine Arts (film). Living
           | in Europe where I had to pay 350 Euros per semester (which
           | included a public transport ticket for the whole province), I
           | didn't have to make a choice between the two. I did both
           | because I was interested in both.
           | 
           | After university I was well equiped to do freelancer work in
           | my field and earned well.
           | 
           | I don't think this "you have to be hard or else you won't
           | survive"-mentality in the US is very beneficial to its
           | society as a whole. Ideally you want to live in a society
           | where everybody is well educated, healthy, happy, friendly
           | and so on. Maybe it is a naive idea, but I think this is more
           | achievable if there is collective investment into those goals
           | rather than internal economical warfare where everybody is a
           | army of one, except for the big corporations who will happily
           | milk a atomized, divided population.
           | 
           | Yet I am constantly amazed by how much some of you guys
           | endure. I just wish you wouldn't have to.
        
             | ceilingcorner wrote:
             | > "you have to be hard or else you won't survive"-mentality
             | 
             | Europeans often have this opinion but I don't think it's an
             | accurate reading of the issue. The issue is not that
             | Americans work too hard, it's that this hard work is no
             | longer actually amounting to anything. In the past, you
             | could pay for college by working summers at the local
             | restaurant. Today the average debt is $30K and you _still_
             | won 't get a decent job.
             | 
             | The article (and others) just show that American men are
             | starting to put their efforts into places that do reward
             | them; namely, the trades and entrepreneurship.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | To clarify a bit... 42% of students graduate
               | (undergraduate studies) without any debt. And 78% of
               | graduates have less than $30k in debt.
               | 
               | The numbers aren't great, but the majority of students
               | finish with either zero debt or a very manageable amount
               | of debt. There is a small fraction of students taking
               | massive loans that skew the overall picture.
               | 
               | And bachelor degree holders continue to earn, on average,
               | $1 million more than high school graduates over their
               | career.
               | 
               | All that said, I agree college should be affordable
               | without loans. Summer jobs, co-ops/internships, etc.
               | 
               | https://www.aplu.org/projects-and-initiatives/college-
               | costs-...
        
               | gamechangr wrote:
               | That is restricting the conversation to those who
               | finished.
               | 
               | Many young 20's somethings don't complete college, but
               | end up with debt as well.
               | 
               | If the question is whether is a difficult for society to
               | maintain college as a necessity for success, they should
               | be included in the review.
        
               | atoav wrote:
               | > The article (and others) just show that American men
               | are starting to put their efforts into places that do
               | reward them; namely, the trades and entrepreneurship.
               | 
               | Good point. I did not intend to argue otherwise. To go
               | into trade is not an irrational reaction on an individual
               | level -- quite the opposite in fact. What I did argue
               | however, was that making it hard for people to get a
               | higher education is not a good thing for a society. Not
               | good in the short term, because educated societes will
               | make more informed decisions, and at the same time not a
               | sustainable strategy for any western society that wants
               | to play any role in the next century.
               | 
               | Having an educated society should be in the national
               | interest just like having public roads or drinkable water
               | is.
               | 
               | > accurate reading of the issue. The issue is not that
               | Americans work too hard, it's that this hard work is no
               | longer actually amounting to anything.
               | 
               | That was the American dream. This is a nice model to keep
               | big numbers of people playing the lottery and bear a ton
               | of stress, because they have the hope that one day they
               | might win and then everything will pay off.
               | 
               | But even of you are one of the few lucky ones that wins
               | you still live in a society where 90% are struggling and
               | crushed. There may be people that enjoy being on top
               | while everybody else suffers, but I personally would
               | prefer being middle class in a society where nobody is
               | poor over being a billionaire in a society where
               | everybody is crushed. Maybe this is empathy, but maybe it
               | is also just egoistic: I like to walk through my city and
               | not see suffering, I like to walk through my country
               | without having to fear being robbed, shot or angrily
               | screamed at. I simply prefer living in a healthy, happy
               | society where people help each other over living in one
               | where everybody has to kick down to stay on top.
               | 
               | Not that that any nation achieved that goal, but there
               | are certainly observable differences in tone between the
               | industrial nations.
        
               | ceilingcorner wrote:
               | You have still missed my point. The American dream was an
               | effective, real thing for a long period of time. Most
               | Americans today are descendants of poor immigrants that
               | worked hard and gave their children a better quality of
               | life. This wasn't "a lottery" and your characterization
               | of it as such is both historically misinformed and just
               | ideological in nature.
               | 
               | As I said, the issue is that this hard work no longer
               | results in progress. The system has become broken. This
               | is easily observable via a bevy of statistical measures
               | like inequality and college costs.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | I think you missed his point - the world has changed, its
               | more complex, you cant keep applying strategy of 1900's
               | and expect it to work.
        
               | ceilingcorner wrote:
               | ...but we aren't still applying the strategy of 1900s.
               | That's the entire point of my posts.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Yeah the cireent system is broken no matter what you are
               | after
        
               | Applejinx wrote:
               | I'm an American and agree completely. My concern is that
               | this '90% struggling' is considered by too many to be a
               | default, the desired state of things. This pops up over
               | and over again in so many ways.
               | 
               | I think it leads to people drawing their distinctions,
               | around who is superior and who is inferior, and then it
               | leads to those people making an unnecessary logical jump
               | and deciding that those inferior people need to be HURT
               | or REMOVED... and we've seen all this before.
               | 
               | And they go from there to decide that anyone arguing,
               | wishes to crown those inferior people as the kings, and
               | hurt the superior ones, because that's the only way they
               | can perceive anything anymore... and they just get
               | hostile and paranoid we've seen all that before too.
               | 
               | I don't know how to convince them that seeking a
               | civilized environment for all the people (without it
               | being conditional on performance) produces the best
               | societal result, through the widest possible range for
               | SOME person of whatever description to excel.
               | 
               | It seems like there are a lot of people for whom, they're
               | more than happy to throw away overall system performance
               | because they're mad that anything lower-performing can
               | even exist. They are PC builders so mad that RAM can't
               | run as fast as L2 cache that they're all CPU and refuse
               | to have any RAM installed. It's stark madness from my
               | point of view.
        
               | jkhdigital wrote:
               | People are not components in an engineered system. When
               | you work with statistics it might appear that way, but
               | people have a way of creating conflict and chaos when
               | least expected. It is a fallacy to think that one need
               | only set up the right societal structures and this
               | problem will magically vanish.
        
               | Applejinx wrote:
               | Define 'problem' and why anybody would think the
               | requirement was that it would magically vanish, else
               | society does not count.
               | 
               | Society functions THROUGH conflict and chaos. It's like
               | brownian motion, noise in circuitry: if you're trying to
               | define an ideology where there's no more conflict, the
               | most direct way is to define an enemy and then rally
               | everyone to destroy it. And that is said to work for a
               | thousand years but actually blows up within ten, leaving
               | enormous wreckage and shame.
               | 
               | Better to design the fault-tolerant system that runs
               | through conflict and chaos.
        
               | text70 wrote:
               | I hope you are not talking about people. We break bones,
               | bump our heads, or lose too much blood and we are out of
               | commission.
               | 
               | What you are talking about is a war-based society, a
               | fault-tolerant system, with lots of redundancy, that runs
               | through conflict and chaos. The last two decades were an
               | experiment in that one.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | _Today the average debt is $30K_
               | 
               | That sounds...reasonable. I can't speak for the rest of
               | Europe but a $30k student loan would be perfectly normal
               | after a 4-5 year of study in Sweden.
               | 
               | Back of the envelope, $30k for 4 years is $625 a month
               | and that is not much for just food and rent.
        
               | golemotron wrote:
               | > The article (and others) just show that American men
               | are starting to put their efforts into places that do
               | reward them; namely, the trades and entrepreneurship.
               | 
               | Call it toxic or not, there's a male drive toward
               | autonomy. Joining corporations that are run by HR just
               | isn't as attractive.
        
             | roenxi wrote:
             | If you are a certified EE, you almost certainly paid for
             | your own MA with your own taxes.
             | 
             | So I don't have a problem with the MA, but the framing of
             | "life is wonderful in Europe" is missing the fact that the
             | only theoretical upside is you had less choice.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | How do exactly do you get from "I could afford to go to
               | college for a STEM professional degree and an arts MA
               | without any debt or financial stress" to "Less choice"?
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | If he? hadn't consumed the resources necessary to get the
               | MA, he would still have paid the same amount of taxes -
               | most of which will be subsidising other people.
               | 
               | But if paying the full cost, there would be a choice
               | where down one path there is more money because less
               | resources were consumed, and one that would be roughly
               | equivalent.
        
               | sammalloy wrote:
               | I just want to point out that a MA in film was extremely
               | cheap at one time. A friend of mine got one at a state
               | school for about $5 grand in the early 1990s. The issue
               | is that inflation and rising costs in the US have wildly
               | diverged from real wages. People aren't going to college
               | in the US because it isn't economically feasible.
               | Meanwhile, all my European friends have PhDs which were
               | subsidized by their native countries. The fact of the
               | matter is that the US is not taking care of their
               | citizens, and has failed an entire generation.
        
               | the_only_law wrote:
               | I determined I didn't want to continue school around
               | 17/18 for a variety of reasons. Some out of my own
               | arrogance and some I still hold to this day. Because of
               | this of course, I didn't "set myself up" for school so to
               | speak. Didn't bother with managing good grades, taking
               | standardized tests or building my portfolio with any of
               | the academic or non academic line items schools typically
               | look at.
               | 
               | Flash forward and I start to rethink the decision. I want
               | to go back now, but I've attempted multiple times to
               | investigate it and the numbers never work. Because I
               | didn't play my HS years correctly, the bureaucracy will
               | not let me in, regardless of the things I've accomplished
               | in the years since. Additionally the price is just so
               | prohibitive, combined with the fact that I would get next
               | to no aid and even a standard State school would be
               | ridiculously expensive. These are just a handful of the
               | issues though. Let's not even bring up how I would need a
               | simultaneously drop out of the workforce, suddenly
               | turning the financial burden into Tuition/Books/Fees +
               | everything needed to survive.
               | 
               | I'm really convinced that universities in the US do not
               | want non traditional students at all. Obviously there are
               | some programs that target them, but are often limited.
               | I.e. you have to be part of the right demographic, be
               | limited in the areas you can study. A notable state
               | university near me offers over a dozen online Bachelors
               | programs, but not a single "useful" degree, they're all
               | BA's in subjects that people in HN mock. Other seem to
               | cobble together "made up" degrees, which are bachelors
               | that don't have a traditional or on-campus equivalent and
               | seem to be not particularly useful for employment in
               | attempt to scam poorer, non-credentialed people out of
               | their money.
               | 
               | I could still probably go back, but since I can not hack
               | my way out of the bureaucracy or financial cost, majority
               | of the value proposition would be completely dead by the
               | time o could manage it.
        
               | grayclhn wrote:
               | Start with community college part time, get grades and
               | take prerequisites, then apply to other programs.
               | Spending two years at community college and then
               | transferring to a 4 year college is pretty common as well
               | if you want to attend full time, but part time is going
               | to be easier.
               | 
               | I don't know where you live or what you want to study,
               | but if you focus on taking the coursework you need it
               | becomes a lot easier. I'd suggest calling admissions
               | departments as well, not trying to piece everything
               | together yourself online. Feel free to email me if you
               | want to share more information and I can give more
               | specific and better researched suggestions.
        
               | the_only_law wrote:
               | The problem with part time is it adds significantly to
               | the time cost. The attractiveness of a degree to me
               | declined significantly if I won't be able to complete it
               | till my 30s. I can stomach the lost wages if education
               | could be completes in a mostly standard time, but
               | otherwise there's already a very good case to be made for
               | staying with what I do now.
        
               | atoav wrote:
               | Yeah, bit I am willing to pay more taxes if it benefits
               | my environment. Because this is what I think it means to
               | be part of a society. They made it possible for me to
               | choose more or less free of economic pressure what I want
               | to study, so me supporting them is only good and fair.
               | 
               | I mean, what is the goal of a good live? Extract as many
               | resources from your surroundings as possible, kicking
               | your competition down and then die in an slightly above
               | average house? I want to live a good live _and_ leave my
               | environment in a better shape than I entered it in,
               | because the two are not a contradiction.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | > I want to live a good live and leave my environment in
               | a better shape than I entered it in
               | 
               | This seems like a pretty good guiding principle in life.
        
               | Cederfjard wrote:
               | There are upsides to living in a society where the
               | average person is more well off, especially when those
               | who have it hardest also have to struggle less. We are
               | social animals living in a complex society, and no man is
               | an island.
               | 
               | Edit: Of course, if you're very well off and live
               | somewhere that's relatively stable, large gaps in
               | equality might benefit you. That's for a select few
               | though.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | 'You almost certainly paid for your own MA with your own
               | taxes'
               | 
               | Thanks cap, there is always this one commenter who thinks
               | we in europe don't understand how taxes work.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | Don't more Americans have a 4-year university degree than
             | Europeans?
             | 
             | OECD data seems to suggest so
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_tertia
             | r...
        
             | arthur_sav wrote:
             | Agreed, there should be a threshold where people can get
             | the minimum to live a normal life. Basic healthcare, a job
             | with liveable wage, easy access to education etc...
             | 
             | However, there should be a playground for innovation as
             | well.
             | 
             | Europe makes it so damn hard to innovate because of it's
             | many laws. Ambitious people inevitably move to the US.
        
             | hollerith wrote:
             | I am pretty sure that the US graduates a larger fraction of
             | its population from college than Germany does. At least
             | that was true in 2012:
             | https://www.businessinsider.com/r-us-falls-behind-in-
             | college...
             | 
             | (ignore the headline and go to the actual numbers)
        
               | someguydave wrote:
               | having a degree is no guarantee that you possess
               | employable skills.
               | 
               | Germany is much better at shunting people away from
               | university who are not qualified to be there. Generally,
               | they go to trade schools and apprenticeships.
        
           | xattt wrote:
           | The piles of cash come at the expense of physical health. I
           | can't imagine being a labourer at 55.
           | 
           | I'm a registered nurse which is a weird hybrid of university-
           | level knowledge (understanding pharm and patho) but also it
           | is a physical trade (turning patients, providing personal
           | cares, mental resilience). It has roots in being vocational
           | with a push in the last 50 years to provide an academic
           | background to turn it into a profession.
           | 
           | Floor nursing is the bread and butter of the profession, but
           | it burns you quick. Older nurses, particularly in medical-
           | surgical nursing, tend to take on less stressful 8 hour day
           | shifts, end up as spinsters, or have a terrible home life
           | that they've resigned into accepting.
           | 
           | I moved into a desk position in my mid 30s and can't possibly
           | imagine going back to the physicality of it all.
        
             | symlinkk wrote:
             | I can't imagine it can be better for you physically or
             | mentally to hunch over a desk for 8 hours a day in dead
             | silence vs being on your feet, walking and talking to
             | people.
        
               | xattt wrote:
               | There is a trade-off indeed. My overall quality of life
               | improved.
               | 
               | I wore a fitness tracker then and now. I averaged about
               | 10 km in a given shift, where as my daily total now is
               | now closer to 5 or 6. However, now I have time and energy
               | at the end of the day to do an actual physical activity
               | instead of coming home like a limp noodle and taking the
               | next day to recover.
               | 
               | Mentally, there is comradery that I absolutely miss. This
               | is something really hard to explain unless you're in it.
               | When things got tough, the dark humour got us through. We
               | took care of each others' loved ones (at their family's
               | request). We demanded excellence from each other, and
               | (rightfully) called out unsafe practice and supported
               | staff as needed.
               | 
               | However, my home life suffered. It was fine at first as
               | my partner is also a nurse so there was a mutual
               | understanding. However, it started to wear on me when I
               | had kids. I'd come home and my kids would be asleep/at
               | school/daycare, so I'd have missed out on a day's
               | interaction. I realized that they're only little once and
               | no job in the world is worth missing out on them.
        
           | lordnacho wrote:
           | A colleague of mine had a physics degree and decided to
           | become an electrician. Took very little time to learn.
           | 
           | That's not to condescend on electricians, they clearly have a
           | useful skill. And being able to certify a house pays a good
           | few hundred pounds a day, nothing to sniff at.
           | 
           | But if you're used to looking at physical models, learning a
           | few conventions and adding another model won't be terribly
           | difficult.
           | 
           | I think a lot of people are actually better off doing that
           | kind of work. There's a tangible output that is much easier
           | to connect to purposefulness than if your job is mainly in
           | the ideas realm. A cousin of mine that I grew up with is a
           | carpenter and seems to cheerful all the time, now that he
           | knows what his thing is. I grew up with him and it wasn't
           | always so.
        
           | baron_harkonnen wrote:
           | > all the Grievance Studies major
           | 
           | Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies (I'm
           | assuming "Grievance Studies" falls under this category), at
           | least in the US, have been in steady decline since 2008, and
           | even at their peak only accounted for 0.5% of majors (now
           | just 0.3%). Even if you want to add in humanities in general
           | that has gone from 3% to just above 2%
           | 
           | The idea that college campuses are ever more filled with
           | people studying "useless" majors is a fiction. The largest
           | areas of major concentration are business, biology, health
           | professions, and engineering and all of these have been more
           | or less growing for years.
           | 
           | There is this pervasive myth that most students in undergrad
           | are having trouble transitioning to industry because they
           | wasted their time studying their non-practical passion, but
           | the data[0] clearly shows that the trends for the last decade
           | have been increasing focus on career oriented practical
           | majors.
           | 
           | [0] https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d19/tables/dt19_322.1
           | 0.a...
        
             | hintymad wrote:
             | I really appreciate this kind of discussion: data driven,
             | narrative free. I'm very sad to see that giving up facts
             | for narratives accelerates the decline of the US.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | EE programs tend to focus on electronics, not electrical
           | systems. But learning how house wiring works is a simple book
           | away. But be careful - unlike electronics, house electrics
           | can kill you.
           | 
           | On the other hand, electricians have weird gaps in their
           | knowledge. If I ask them to do something slightly out of the
           | ordinary, this becomes apparent. For example, none of them
           | understand inductive coupling, or even know what it is. When
           | I ask them to do certain things to avoid inductive coupling,
           | they give me this indulgent smile, and do what I ask,
           | although it's clear they don't understand why.
           | 
           | I eventually wound up doing the low voltage wiring myself,
           | because I simply couldn't explain to them why you don't run
           | low voltage wires through the same holes as the A/C wires.
           | One of them tried to run a 12VDC wire in 25 feet of conduit
           | with a 120VAC wire.
           | 
           | They also simply did not understand how generators worked,
           | and botched up the wiring for mine.
           | 
           | It's the same with roofers. They have no idea what galvanic
           | corrosion is, and will invariably use the wrong nails for
           | anything metal.
        
             | formerly_proven wrote:
             | This is more an observation on the curriculum for a
             | vocation in some locale than a general observation about
             | vocational schools/training.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The same thing happened the next state over. At least
               | this time, the electrician allowed me to explain it, and
               | then did the low voltage wiring correctly.
               | 
               | These are decades apart in time, too.
        
             | j-bos wrote:
             | I find this is why the trades work best under a competent
             | contractor who, while not an expert in all fields, brings
             | together the necessary skills and experience to avoid gap
             | defects.
        
             | blueblisters wrote:
             | That's the thing with vocationals skills - they make you
             | really good at understanding how something works or how to
             | fix something without breaking something else, but beyond
             | that range of problems and solutions, you need to talk to
             | an engineer.
             | 
             | Not that vocational jobs are not important - clearly they
             | add value and create employment.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | I'm not so sure they understand how it works, though.
               | 
               | BTW, if you ever see an EE with a card that has printed
               | on it:                  V = I*R        I = V/R        R =
               | V/I
               | 
               | it's a sure sign he's a formula-plugger, and has no idea
               | how it works. He doesn't even understand algebra.
               | 
               | https://testguy.net/content/266-Ohm-s-Law-Watt-s-Law-
               | Cheat-S...
               | 
               | A definite no-hire :-/
        
               | pitched wrote:
               | I'm not saying that most people aren't formula pluggers
               | (and that's a big problem) but, my first impression of
               | that kind of card would be that's it's meant to be
               | branding, not a tool. Someone is carrying around a piece
               | of what they love.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | If you want to brand, print Maxwell's Equations on the
               | card. Or put a simple amplifier circuit on it.
               | 
               | P.S. Maxwell's Equations on a t-shirt are popular, I even
               | sold one for a while.
        
               | pitched wrote:
               | Just out of curiosity (I don't mean this to be a dig and
               | don't carry either cards), why are Maxwell's Equations
               | good but Ohm's Law is an instant no-hire? How I remember
               | the story is that, when Ohm published his equation, it
               | came as a huge shock because no one was expecting it to
               | be so simple. There's a lot of beauty in that simplicity.
               | Maxwell's equations aren't that complex but they aren't
               | exactly _linear_. Valuing complexity is an interesting
               | hiring tactic but would probably be a great filter on
               | younger engineers?
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | 1. Ohm's Law is taught the first day of 4 years of an EE
               | degree. Ohm's Law should be part of your soul, not
               | something a cheat sheet is needed for.
               | 
               | 2. The 3 versions of the formula are obvious to anyone
               | who remembers high school freshman math. It's barely even
               | algebra.
               | 
               | Carrying that cheat sheet signals you know neither
               | electronics nor the most basic algebra.
               | 
               | Maxwell's Equations, however, get introduced in 2nd or
               | 3rd year in college. You'll need a year (probably two) of
               | calculus to even understand the notation. The equations
               | unify the theories of electric fields and magnetic
               | fields.
               | 
               | Only people who have studied Maxwell's Equations will
               | even recognize them, so by putting them on a t-shirt
               | you're signalling that you are an educated EE to other
               | educated EEs. Other people won't even know what they are.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%27s_equations
        
               | hellbannedguy wrote:
               | There's a book called, Everytjing I should have learned
               | in Engineering School, but didn't.
               | 
               | I had no idea there were EE's walking around who were
               | rusty with basic electrical formulas.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Shocking, isn't it!
        
               | blippage wrote:
               | Hopefully it's just a current trend.
        
               | jack_riminton wrote:
               | They just take the path of least resistance
        
               | dempseye wrote:
               | Go on. Take the upvote.
        
               | geomark wrote:
               | My kid accused me of that. I grounded him.
               | 
               | Edit: Ah, come on! That's one of my best jokes and I got
               | downvoted?!
        
               | dotancohen wrote:
               | Maybe the downvoters were not convinced that insulating
               | your kid was a good idea.
        
               | neutronicus wrote:
               | Or perhaps they're concerned it will short-circuit his
               | development
        
               | wiredfool wrote:
               | Yeah, it would be E=IR
        
               | exporectomy wrote:
               | Because proper EEs draw it in a triangle instead? https:/
               | /upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Ohm%27s_...
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Ohm's Law is the first lesson in an electronics set for
               | kids.
               | 
               | https://generalatomic.com/teil1/B.html
               | 
               | Proper EEs don't need a cheat sheet for it.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Downvote me all you like :-) but if you're an EE and
               | carry such a cheat card, I'd keep it out of sight. I'm
               | not the only one with that opinion.
        
             | exporectomy wrote:
             | Don't you have codes and license requirements for
             | electricians and roofers? In my country, most of what makes
             | electricianing harder than electronicsing is the rules.
             | There are rules about how close you can put mains and low
             | voltage wires, which your guy should have followed even if
             | he didn't know why, rules about what parts of the house you
             | can fix them to, or if they can be laid loosely or must be
             | stapled to the framing, the spacing between the staples,
             | how to pull a wire through a hole, where you can drill
             | holes for wires, using a wrong colored wire with a sleeve
             | on the end, etc. All the understanding of electrical
             | engineering in the world won't have you knowing those
             | rules.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And then you have old houses with all sorts of weird
               | wiring and constraints and the contractor/electrician
               | works around those and does things mostly to current code
               | the best they can.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Three different electricians I used, from 3 different
               | companies and 2 states, did not know what inductive
               | coupling was or knew how to avoid it.
               | 
               | So I suspect it is not in the building codes. I don't
               | think the codes say anything about about low voltage
               | wires.
        
               | j1dopeman wrote:
               | The small subset of codes in my area that I personally
               | looked at were significantly out of date and it was
               | unlikely that they would be updated anytime soon. There
               | are state codes which were out of date for a long time
               | but they just recently updated. However there are also
               | local codes which are not up to date. When they're not in
               | direct conflict you need to follow both, if they are then
               | technically the state should take precedence, but if you
               | look into it then you'll find that the locality doesn't
               | care and will fine you and it's up to you to defend it
               | which will be expensive and you could still lose. The
               | codes are only as good as the people maintaining them and
               | it seems that the maintenance is not a priority. This was
               | not for electrical - perhaps that one is given more
               | attention.
        
             | the__alchemist wrote:
             | I remember a conversation with a plumber in Cambridge, UK a
             | few years ago. He was helping me pick out plastic pipes for
             | a project. I asked "What material are these - are they
             | HDPE? He gave me a weird look, and told me "They're plastic
             | pipe!".
        
             | hajile wrote:
             | Here in the US, the NEC specifies a one-foot separation for
             | low voltage unless crossing at a perpendicular angle. Low
             | voltage is generally a specialty, so a lot of electricians
             | don't know.
             | 
             | The bigger issue is that there are tons of electricians
             | that never went through apprenticeships and who never
             | picked up and read a copy of the code (which has major
             | changes every three years). The result is a lot of cargo
             | cult installation which may or may not actually be correct.
        
             | dkarp wrote:
             | I find this with everything. You have to become an expert
             | at everything if you want it done right. Maybe it's because
             | the truly expert help is generally too expensive.
             | 
             | Examples:
             | 
             | - Taxes/Pensions - if you just rely on your accountant then
             | they'll do the bare minimum and you'll miss out
             | 
             | - Energy company - we're rolling out smart gas/elec meters
             | in the UK. There is an old type (smets1) and a new type
             | (smets2). You don't want to be stuck with the old type but
             | the company had no idea which type they were installing. (I
             | ended up with the old type)
             | 
             | - Lawyers - We're constantly having to chase ours and
             | highlight things to them to make progress
             | 
             | - Doctors - If I haven't done my research then they
             | invariably try to fob me off (maybe this is a UK
             | nationalised healthcare thing)
             | 
             | I could go on but the crux is that the average professional
             | does the bare minimum to move you along. I'm not old enough
             | to say if it's always been like this but it has been my
             | observation over my decade of adulthood. If it's a new
             | thing then maybe it is partly to blame for the anti-vax and
             | lack of faith in experts.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | Having lived in the UK and USA: Drs are the exact same.
        
               | Gravityloss wrote:
               | Building management, renovation and construction is such
               | a wild west.
               | 
               | I understand good vocational training (for example
               | certified plumbers) in a country pays itself back very
               | much.
        
               | davidhunter wrote:
               | This is an interesting observation and matches with my
               | experience. I'd add:
               | 
               | 1) There's a race to the bottom with services in terms of
               | pricing. For example, NHS GPs have strict time limits
               | within which to provide a particular service. These time
               | limits have reduced over the years and so individual
               | doctors are capable of providing a better service but are
               | can't given the constraints. People rarely are willing to
               | pay more for a service unless they know that the quality
               | level will be higher. With services, it is not clear that
               | a higher price will translate to higher quality.
               | 
               | 2) Most services are not chosen based on quality. They
               | are chosen based on perception, brand, reviews, pricing
               | and a whole host of other things. Often the most
               | profitable services are the ones who can manipulate these
               | variables best rather than the ones who actually provide
               | a great service. If there is a sole accountant who is
               | fantastic at accounting but poor at marketing and review
               | collection then they are going to struggle and may end up
               | joining a firm who constrains their time such that can
               | only provide the minimum viable service.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Frost1x wrote:
               | I blame the extreme penetration of capitalism everywhere.
               | We've created a culture where everyone thinks like a
               | business and looks to do the minimal effort for the
               | maximal compensation. If you don't do this, "you're dumb"
               | (and, unfortunately, maybe there's some truth to this).
               | 
               | In a culture obsessed with looking for exploitation
               | opportunities at every corner, what do we expect?
               | Everyone is running so "lean" and "efficiently" that
               | anything beyond the lowest cost options can hinder you.
               | Are you getting ROI, or diminishing returns and if you
               | are getting diminishing returns, then that's now viewed
               | as waste and a poor path to choose.
               | 
               | Capitalism has been great at motivating people to
               | innovate and create but the current state of capitalistic
               | systems, I say, isn't healthy for humanity. We need to
               | acknowledge this and fix perverse incentive structures
               | across the board (that doesn't mean destroying the
               | system, simply fixing it). Much of what you're seeing
               | these days used to be used in arguments for capitalistic
               | systems against socialist systems--what really seems to
               | have happened is that we've just traded who we want to
               | give power to. Instead of those who tower over government
               | systems in an authoritarian manner in socialist systems,
               | we seek business leadership who... tower over us in an
               | authoritarian manner.
               | 
               | One reason the US had been so fantastic is that we had a
               | government and economic system that forced capitalistic
               | ideals to compete with socialistic ideals. We had
               | government services inspired by socialist systems that
               | kept capitalistic drivers from going off the rails into
               | too competitive of states with social safety nets to
               | protect us. Meanwhile, to avoid the stagnant systems you
               | see in prior socialist systems, we had capitalism provide
               | incentives to motivate people to work, to do better for
               | themselves and improve their lives and therefor those
               | around them. Now, we seem to have mostly swept away
               | socialist ideals (competition in policy simply isn't
               | there anymore), capitalistic policy has won, and we're
               | witnessing what unconstrained capitalism looks like. It's
               | less value creation and more wealth extraction.
               | 
               | If you're a capital holder, it looks pretty good. My
               | investments that I simply threw money at have grown
               | beyond belief--without any sort of effort on my behalf--
               | it's astounding to think how much money I earned doing
               | nothing. It's an interesting situation because I still
               | work and get paid fairly well, but when I look at my
               | investment portfolio I can't help but think I'm cheating
               | because asset growth well beyond inflation just appear in
               | my accounts, meanwhile, at my day job, everything has
               | grown more and more demanding without equal compensation.
               | 
               | It's an interesting time and I hope we course correct
               | this nonsense before I get too old.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | People living in communist cultures also looked to do the
               | minimal effort. Sometimes less than minimal if they could
               | get away with it. Human nature.
        
               | cascom wrote:
               | I agree totally agree on both points. I also think though
               | there is an opacity element, If you can't see/will know
               | if these service providers did a good "quality" job
               | corners are habitually cut.
               | 
               | E.g. if I have a new button that's been sewn on a jacket,
               | or have my house painted, I can easily see if the right
               | button was used, or if spots were missed while painting.
               | However if I take my car in for an oil change, I don't
               | really know if the right grade of oil and an OEM filter
               | was used, nor do I really care to recheck my accountants
               | work on my taxes (as long is it roughly pencils to what I
               | expected).
        
               | tnzm wrote:
               | Well put.
               | 
               | Personal story: moved into a EU country and tried to
               | import my car tax-free as personal property. Went to a
               | customs agency because apparently you don't talk to
               | customs directly, you go through one of those. They had
               | me collect all sorts of documents, which took me months
               | before it became evident that this type of car cannot be
               | imported tax-free in the first place.
               | 
               | The stress from expecting people to take their
               | responsibilities seriously has cost me many meaningful
               | interpersonal relationships, not to mention innumerable
               | brain cells. On the other hand, the work to achieve more
               | self-sufficiency is alienating in its own right, and,
               | depending on starting conditions, can twist a person into
               | an unlikable mess.
               | 
               | It's vicious cycles all the way down.
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | Well put. When you become medium-level at all areas where
               | you like tinkering, it's hard not to get bitter about
               | people who aren't doing it correctly for you...
        
               | Dove wrote:
               | It's true with software, too. Unless you _are_ a
               | programmer, it 's impossible to tell if your programmers
               | are doing a good job.
               | 
               | Information asymmetry is a real problem, particularly
               | when people are selling information.
        
               | tchaffee wrote:
               | If you're spending that much time doing all those things
               | then maybe truly expert help is just expensive rather
               | than too expensive.
               | 
               | There is no doubt though that people do better work when
               | supervised and knowing what questions to ask an expert
               | helps sets expectations about what level of work you will
               | settle for.
        
               | the-dude wrote:
               | I agree with sentiment, and I discovered early on in my
               | adult life :
               | 
               |  _Iedereen doet maar wat_ ( Dutch )
               | 
               | Loosely translated : _Everybody just fucks around_ ,
               | wether it is car mechanics, doctors or laywers.
               | 
               | Would love to hear a more canonical term for the
               | phenomenon.
               | 
               | edit: And if it is absolutely critical it is done right?
               | Do it yourself.
        
               | dempseye wrote:
               | Is this a common expression in Dutch or something you
               | made up yourself?
        
               | the-dude wrote:
               | _doet maar wat_ is common.
               | 
               |  _Je doet maar wat_ ( You )
               | 
               |  _Ze doen maar wat_ ( They )
        
               | webnrrd2k wrote:
               | In the US it's usually called "half-assing it" or doing
               | it half-assed.
        
             | mih wrote:
             | Out of curiosity, why shouldn't one run low voltage wires
             | through same holes as AC wires ?
        
               | RubberbandSoul wrote:
               | I'm guessing it's because the AC voltage will introduce
               | noise on the DC low voltage current.
               | 
               | But like everything else it depends. Is the DC feeding
               | something like a lightbulb or a fan? Then it probably
               | won't matter.
               | 
               | Does the DC feed something that has a good low pass
               | filter or is it an expensive AC cable with good
               | shielding? Then it might also not matter.
               | 
               | None of the above should be considered be professional
               | advice and it's probably a good rule of thumb to never
               | mix wires like that.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | If you run, say, the telephone wires through the same
               | holes, they'll pick up a maddening 60 Hz hummmmmmmmmmm.
               | You're screwed because when this is discovered, the house
               | is finished, and it gets very very expensive to rewrite
               | it.
               | 
               | The closer the low voltage wires are to the high voltage
               | ones, and the longer the distance, the more hmmmmmmm
               | they'll pick up.
        
               | lhoff wrote:
               | The AC voltage will induce noise onto the low voltage
               | wire. That noise can be of a higher voltage then the low
               | voltage and damage the equipment behind it.
               | 
               | See also
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction
        
               | orbifold wrote:
               | That shouldn't happen if the cable is properly shielded,
               | no?
        
               | auxym wrote:
               | In practice home LV wiring is rarely shielded, maybe with
               | CAT6 as an exception. Things like speaker wire,
               | doorbells, vacuum control wires, etc are not typically
               | shielded.
               | 
               | Also the shield needs a low impedance return path to be
               | effective.
        
               | MereInterest wrote:
               | Electric fields are easy to shield against with a Faraday
               | cage, but magnetic fields are a royal pain. You can use
               | mu-metal shielding, but that's rather expensive and only
               | reduces the magnetic field. Technically, if you wanted to
               | entirely shield from magnetic fields, you'd need to
               | surround the wire with a superconductor, but that
               | requires liquid nitrogen/helium cooling that is out of
               | the scope of most residential work.
        
             | version_five wrote:
             | Your observation about gaps in knowledge is true for all
             | trades, and is at least conceptually what separates trades
             | or job skills training university education.
             | 
             | A good university program teaches very few hard skills, but
             | you learn to reason about your field essentially from first
             | principles. On the other hand, to do a mechanical job, you
             | really need just the job skills, and the connection to
             | cause and effect is almost irrelevant.
             | 
             | This is typically why university education is held up as a
             | better key to long term career prospects, because of the
             | adaptability rather than rote memorization.
             | 
             | In real life I realize it's a lot more messy.
        
             | gumby wrote:
             | I built my house with union labor (union shop) and found
             | the level of competence higher than was typical with jo the
             | random contractor (of course there are exceptions, and for
             | some jobs it doesn't matter).
             | 
             | Likewise with the machine shop a few jobs ago: although we
             | weren't a union shop, for some jobs we hired contractors in
             | for the union members produced better work, especially for
             | the safety critical stuff.
             | 
             | I have no experience with unions outside the skilled trades
             | -- certainly there are many horror stories.
        
               | pibechorro wrote:
               | Every union I interacted with in NYC was a borderline
               | scam. Slow, inneficient, overpriced and outright hostile.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | > built my house with union labor (union shop) and found
               | the level of competence higher than was typical with jo
               | the random contractor
               | 
               | So you built two homes, one with a well researched union
               | labor group and one with a well researched contractor? Or
               | is this just some BS elaboration based on comparing
               | contractors you hired for small time shit with the big
               | house job?
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | Excellent epistemic inquiry. I've owned homes for over 30
               | years, and have experience with hiring contractors for
               | remodels. Also hired non-union contractors to do building
               | work on offices over the years. And the company that had
               | a machine shop? One of our channels was home construction
               | and overall I was not impressed with the kind of work I
               | encountered.
               | 
               | But to really get to your question: I started my 3-year
               | home construction odyssey with a non-union contractor who
               | had to be fired due to poor execution. The replacement
               | was a union shop. That's about as much A/B testing as one
               | can get.
        
           | michaelcampbell wrote:
           | > However, that book-learnin' fell apart when confronted with
           | troubleshooting a strangely wired room, and I got very polite
           | while asking him over to bail me out.
           | 
           | This feels very much like the "astronomy/telescope" argument.
        
         | tchaffee wrote:
         | Is it a "narrative" that college isn't it worth it anymore or
         | is that largely based in fact in the US? Especially when it
         | comes to specific degrees that don't have a demand in the
         | workplace. The cost of higher education in the US has
         | financially crippled millions. And trade jobs pay well for far
         | less education costs. Doing a cost / benefit analysis would
         | seem the wisest choice.
         | 
         | The bigger problem to me is that with such a high cost for
         | university education, our future electricians won't have one.
         | Whereas in Europe they very possibly might. I know which
         | society I prefer to live in and it's not the one where people
         | are less educated.
         | 
         | What narrative about uniform privilege? Can you give some
         | sources?
         | 
         | I've also never heard privilege explained as making life "just
         | easy". I've heard just for example that life can still be hard
         | but your skin color is not one of the things making your life
         | hard.
         | 
         | I'd be interested in reading these narratives that are so
         | different from the narratives I've read about privilege.
        
           | bluecalm wrote:
           | I don't know. I think living in a society where most people
           | don't do any meaningful work and are exposed to just
           | theoretical academic style education till they are 24-25
           | isn't good either. I don't think it's a good use of anyone's
           | time to sit in a chair and look at the whiteboard for 15-16
           | best years of your life.
        
           | Zababa wrote:
           | > Is it a "narrative" that college isn't it worth it anymore
           | or is that largely based in fact in the US?
           | 
           | It is. In France college is 400EUR a year.
        
         | kace91 wrote:
         | "Narrative" makes it sound like there's nothing behind. The
         | extreme cost of college - and living in general, rents/home
         | ownership, etc - and the decreasing edge it gives to owners of
         | degrees isn't a fabrication by any stretch.
         | 
         | It's easier to think people are being misled than to think
         | people are taking different decisions because their reality is
         | actually different.
        
       | Arete314159 wrote:
       | One guy they profiled is making $20 an hour in Toledo, Ohio. If
       | he's working full time, that's 40k a year.
       | 
       | Zillow has a _number_ of houses for sale in Toledo for under
       | $40k. Like, they need some work, but a real house, under 40k.
       | 
       | I think that guy is doing fine, he should just keep doing exactly
       | what he's doing.
        
         | piker wrote:
         | This is only even close to true if this compensation includes a
         | significant employer contribution to a health insurance policy
         | and/or short term disability coverage. If not, this guy will be
         | one broken leg away from a credit card death spiral.
        
         | fukmbas wrote:
         | Toledo is a shit hole and good luck buying a car on that
         | salary.
        
         | trainsplanes wrote:
         | Are the houses in safe neighborhoods? If there are cheap houses
         | in a city and nobody's buying, there's a good reason for that.
         | Carefully taken pictures online may look okay, but people in
         | many cities know to steer clear of specific areas.
         | 
         | And regarding repairs, I've been to houses that have decent
         | photos online, but upon entering, they're clearly rotting out.
         | It'd be cheaper to knock the house down and start again.
        
           | notesinthefield wrote:
           | The houses OP pointed out are not. In fact im certain the
           | first one they saw is actually a block away from a spot where
           | regular shootings happen.
        
           | ceilingcorner wrote:
           | There are plenty of decent houses in safe areas across the
           | Midwest for $50-100k.
        
         | throwcommonsns wrote:
         | There's this unfortunately prevailing attitude that you aren't
         | successful in America if you aren't living in New York or San
         | Francisco. It's absolutely bonkers. There are many other great
         | places in this country besides those two cities.
        
           | Aunche wrote:
           | These days, it's not enough to live in a world-class city,
           | you _need_ to have your own kitchen, living room, and
           | bathroom that barely get used. The people I know who complain
           | about high cost of living refuse to live with other people.
        
             | ausbah wrote:
             | I think the issue is more when people are still having
             | roommates when they're in their 30s and older. it's hard to
             | have families when you still can only a afford a bedroom,
             | driven mostly by debt and low wages if I had to guess
        
             | humanrebar wrote:
             | That works great until you get married and start a family.
             | 
             | I mean, in theory there could be acceptable ways to let a
             | couple with babies have roommates. But the design problems
             | alone seem too complicated to attempt, let alone the
             | cultural problems.
             | 
             | Also, keep in mind that a young couple with kids might have
             | only one income earner. And that couple is in the same
             | apartment hunt with singles willing to share multi-tenant
             | residences. Sometimes three or four of them!
             | 
             | Point being, "get roommates" doesn't scale over time or
             | over the entire population.
        
             | Gollapalli wrote:
             | God forbid you have your own place like the last three
             | generations before you!
             | 
             | No, just rent and share like a college student your whole
             | life. That makes sense.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | Everyone has to make trade offs. You want to live in the
               | cultural capital of the world or place where the average
               | income is over six figures, but everyone else does as
               | well. There's limited space in these cities, so you need
               | to bid top dollar if you want to keep a place for
               | yourself.
        
               | Gollapalli wrote:
               | Sorry man, I just don't buy it. Expensive housing is a
               | solveable problem. Six figures isn't that much when
               | you're still spending half your paycheck on rent.
               | 
               | As for the cultural capital of the world? New York used
               | to have a thriving art scene when it was cheap to live
               | in. Now it just has an expensive art scene.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | I agree that housing policy is broken and has a lot of
               | room for improvement. There's no way around supply and
               | demand though. At best you'll have a situation like
               | Singapore where housing is expensive, but still
               | attainable.
        
           | Arainach wrote:
           | If you can make NYC/SF money and save/invest a portion of
           | your income, you can retire and do significantly better
           | elsewhere. You can't do the opposite.
           | 
           | If you can have a decent lifestyle in Ohio on 40k (big if,
           | when you factor in retirement planning) you can still
           | fundamentally never leave Ohio.
        
             | nickysielicki wrote:
             | > you can still fundamentally never leave Ohio.
             | 
             | God forbid. Think of all the _experiences_ you and your
             | family will miss out on!
             | 
             | Lately all I want is to get as far away from people as
             | possible. The internet has negated every advantage of these
             | regions and of money broadly. You cannot buy a nuclear
             | family.
        
               | blululu wrote:
               | The risk of being tied to a small corner of the country
               | is real and something any Ohioan ought to be sensitive
               | to. Most of Ohio has suffered 50 years of economic back
               | sliding. A lot of people thought that they had realized
               | their modest and reasonable middle class dreams of a good
               | quiet life doing honest work. Major structural changes
               | compromised all of that and a lot of people were stuck
               | holding the bag in places like Toledo, Akron, Youngstown.
               | (Not trying to pick on Ohio, just making a point about
               | risk (though Toledo is the least nice corner of the state
               | and they would have been better of foisting it off on
               | Michigan back when they had the chance))
        
               | throwcommonsns wrote:
               | > they would have been better of foisting it off on
               | Michigan back when they had the chance
               | 
               | This snide irrelevant addition makes it look like you are
               | indeed picking on Ohio...
               | 
               | My overall argument also includes other fine places such
               | as Pittsburgh, Houston, and Cleveland (also in Ohio).
        
               | adamrezich wrote:
               | also, and this is personal taste of course, it can get to
               | be pretty soul-crushing working with and being around
               | mostly people that don't value a nuclear family, when you
               | yourself do. this was a major reason for moving away from
               | the video game industry and greater Seattle area and
               | returning home to South Dakota a few years ago. it took a
               | lot of mental and emotional effort to kill the lifelong
               | dream I worked toward since elementary school (I turned
               | 30 this year) and "settle for" a local government
               | programmer job... but so far it's been 10000% worth it,
               | I'm much happier than I've ever been, I'm going to start
               | a family very soon, and I'm surrounded by people who have
               | the same core values as I do. nobody in the greater
               | Seattle area wanted to hire a white male with no degree
               | but a frankly ridiculous amount of self-driven personal
               | project experience (plus some team project experience
               | from a few contract positions and an unfinished (stopped
               | halfway when the college fund ran out--best decision of
               | my life) degree) in the fields of game and web
               | development, but my hometown was overjoyed to get someone
               | exactly like myself to write SQL and learn all the ins
               | and outs of the public education system and how it
               | interfaces with state and federal requirements. it's not
               | my first choice of work by a longshot but without having
               | money to either finish a degree (like all my friends did)
               | or make my own gamedev startup (in an increasingly
               | flooded market to the point of ridiculousness), I've
               | finally found happiness, and, more importantly, a very
               | direct path to achieving the _actual_ lifelong goal I
               | kind of always had but never knew it: starting a family.
               | like you said, you can 't put a price on something like
               | that.
               | 
               | my best friend had a complicated career trajectory that
               | began with a music education degree, until he found out
               | he hated teaching music to middle schoolers, then he
               | decided to get a two-year online CS degree. this put him
               | in a fair bit of debt as he comes from a very poor
               | upbringing. he got married and moved to the D.C. area a
               | couple years ago to work for a CRM shop there and while
               | he loves the work, he hates the crime and bullshit of the
               | Big City Life, and while he and his wife have gone from
               | enjoying it to tolerating it, they're moving back here to
               | South Dakota at the end of this year before they have
               | children.
               | 
               | I wonder if, going forward, with the advent of remote
               | work and the like, we're going to see less and less
               | people who come from rural/suburban/otherwise
               | sub-100k-population cities choosing to either move back
               | to areas like those they grew up in (if not where they
               | grew up specifically) instead of migrating to The Big
               | City to Make It Big, for these exact reasons. there just
               | doesn't seem to be much to gain from moving to The Big
               | City anymore, if starting a family is your ultimate goal
               | in life.
        
               | bigbillheck wrote:
               | > don't value a nuclear family, when you yourself do
               | 
               | When you say you value a 'nuclear family', instead of
               | just 'family', the distinction means things like 'I do
               | not want my parents to have more than a minimal role in
               | their grandchildren's lives' and 'my siblings and their
               | children are to be kept separate from my children'.
               | That's what the 'nuclear' part means!
               | 
               | Mom died and now Dad's dropping hints about moving into
               | your furnished basement? Sorry, we're a nuclear family.
               | Going halves with your sister on a duplex with her and
               | her family living next to you and yours so all the
               | cousins can grow up together? Absolutely not nuclear.
        
               | hobbleabbas wrote:
               | On the contrary - I'm not sure of the exact definition,
               | but the meaning of a nuclear family, at least to me, has
               | morphed into a traditional family structure with an at
               | home mother and working father.
               | 
               | If anything, a structure like this would facilitate and
               | encourage visits from and to relatives. Seems like a much
               | nicer life than a situation where both parents work.
        
               | Broken_Hippo wrote:
               | The internet has not negated every advantage of regions,
               | unfortunately (Employers are still making folks come to
               | the office) and it still costs money to move elsewhere.
               | 
               | Folks in Ohio still have trouble leaving Ohio.
               | 
               | And you _can_ , to an extent, buy a nuclear family. Mail
               | order brides still exist (and the arrangement can be
               | beneficial for both parties). You can do this with the
               | expectation of children, which you will pay for in the
               | US. Alternatively, you can check adoption as plenty of
               | agencies will make you feel like you are buying a child.
               | (20k upwards, plus travel).
        
               | Arainach wrote:
               | >God forbid. Think of all the experiences you and your
               | family will miss out on!
               | 
               | This is a snide remark, but it is absolutely a factor. I
               | grew up in Michigan, and the number of people who never
               | venture beyond their almost-entirely-white small town to
               | see what other communities and cultures are like is a
               | huge contributing factor to the amount of prejudice and
               | judgmental nature that makes me never want to move back.
               | 
               | Seeing people different from you and different places is
               | broadening and gives you a much better perspective to be
               | able to understand the world. This is important in life
               | as well as in your career.
        
             | silverpepsi wrote:
             | Assuming the rest of the world doesn't exist, though. Can't
             | honestly say I'm targeting having more retirement money
             | than needed to get by in some combination of Ukraine,
             | Thailand, and Colombia.
             | 
             | Major life regret? Thinking other countries didn't exist
             | when I was at the age to enter college and taking on
             | massive loans to pay exorbitant US tuition for a school
             | that wasn't anything special when I could have found
             | overseas options at a fraction of the cost.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | OJFord wrote:
             | Until the city grows to encapsulate your neighbourhood, and
             | you find yourself a 'boomer' who was so lucky to be able
             | buy a house for 40k, whose children 'never will'?
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | zarkov99 wrote:
           | The great reshuffling that is happening in front on our eyes
           | might very well push those not in the cognitive elite away
           | from all those great places as well. I am seeing it happen
           | around my area, where housing costs have shot up by 20% in
           | one year, mostly driven by out of state arrivals. I see it in
           | our own family's economic status which has improved several
           | fold, thanks to the remote opportunities brought about by the
           | pandemic. Maybe this is good, maybe it is bad, but there is a
           | profound change coming.
        
           | hattmall wrote:
           | Those aren't even that great of places so I think it's pretty
           | regional on thinking that. But definitely there's an attitude
           | of needing to be in a major city to be successful and it's
           | not entirely false. The big difference is major urban area vs
           | not.
           | 
           | Sure, NYC/SF are super expensive, but almost every urban area
           | is when compared to other smaller cities or rural areas.
           | 
           | The issue is that for a lot of people they can only find an
           | ok job in the major urban area, but it's not enough to live
           | there so they get stuck in the suburban wastelands with 45+
           | minute drives just to go work 8 hours.
           | 
           | They make enough to get by, but not enough to save and move
           | out to a more desirable living situation in a smaller city or
           | rural area without a secure job lined up.
           | 
           | Like $20 an hour is good in Toledo, but it's probably not
           | what most people are making. That's probably a job you have
           | to work up to for years. At $20 an hour in Toledo you very
           | likely can have a higher quality of life then people making
           | far more in the much larger metro areas. But at $10 an hour
           | ($8.80/$7.25) in Toledo area you're probably worse off due to
           | a lack of public support and opportunities for advancement.
        
             | notesinthefield wrote:
             | Before I left Toledo (grew up there), I made about $18
             | driving busses with a lot of of overtime. Its not a
             | terribly difficult place to make a living right up to the
             | state median but almost everyone with potential leaves or
             | works out of the city, simply because professional industry
             | is incredibly lackluster.
             | 
             | This is beside your point but HN is such a coastal bubble
             | that I always feel the need to chime in with perspective
             | when someone mentions my hometown.
        
             | throwcommonsns wrote:
             | I know people in the Bay Area who spent two or three hours
             | a day commuting before moving back out to the mid-west
             | again for remote work. This is a typical commute from SF to
             | Mountain View, for example.
        
           | burntoutfire wrote:
           | > There's this unfortunately prevailing attitude that you
           | aren't successful in America if you aren't living in New York
           | or San Francisco.
           | 
           | Even more unfortunate is the widespread acceptance of the
           | idea that you need to be successful to be happy/fulfilled.
        
       | dreen wrote:
       | If you make anything a product you better make sure it is worth
       | the money you are asking for it.
       | 
       | Clearly, this is not the case with paid education in US, UK and
       | some other developed countries.
        
       | bigbillheck wrote:
       | A lot of people in the comments here are spinning it as if boys
       | are being systematically discriminated against when the article
       | explicitly says the opposite:
       | 
       | >>> "Is there a thumb on the scale for boys? Absolutely," said
       | Jennifer Delahunty, a college enrollment consultant
       | 
       | And many aren't even putting in the proper diligence:
       | 
       | >>> "Ms. Gereghty said she found that girls more closely attended
       | to their college applications than boys, for instance making sure
       | transcripts are delivered."
        
         | Aerroon wrote:
         | The issue isn't that college acceptance is discriminating
         | against boys, it's that boys aren't as interested in education.
         | The aftermath of this won't be felt for a while, but it does
         | indicate some shift in society. Some of them might even view
         | college as a hostile place.
        
       | adolph wrote:
       | Cue article in about ten to fifteen years saying women have a
       | wealth gap because they waste a significant portion of a decade
       | pursuing and not completing degrees that lead to productive
       | careers.
        
       | jsnider3 wrote:
       | Did WSJ change their paywall again? I can't get around it.
        
       | bawana wrote:
       | Maybe we could have once justified the premium charged by US
       | universities. But now you can get excellent education in most of
       | the world FOR FREE. To see how this impacts our jobs at home,
       | just look at the healthcare field. Most new physicians are
       | imported from abroad. They can work for less because they do not
       | have massive loans to repay.
        
       | mikewarot wrote:
       | Unless you're going to be a Professional Engineer or some other
       | licensed individual, or you're getting a free ride, college isn't
       | worth it any more.
       | 
       | Going deep into debt for a credential that doesn't have a
       | reasonably large future value is a huge mistake many are pushed
       | into making.
        
         | gscott wrote:
         | Many positions require a degree to apply for them unless if
         | your working for yourself or a very small business.
        
         | pwthornton wrote:
         | This is just not borne out by the data. The gap between high
         | school grads and college grads pay is getting wider and wider.
         | 
         | You shouldn't go to college if you aren't going to be a serious
         | student and you'll be a legitimate risk for dropping out. But
         | if you are willing to commit yourself and get decent grades,
         | you'll be in much better shape than most people with just a
         | high school diploma.
         | 
         | Your advice is also sounds really out of touch with what
         | various jobs pay. The average new college grad makes like 60k
         | or so.
         | 
         | I can only speak to my workplace and team, but we pay product
         | designers with very little experience around 90k a year. I have
         | no licenses and am not a professional engineer, and I make
         | several times that.
         | 
         | The issue is that far too many people are going into debt for
         | college degrees and not getting the degrees. That's the
         | biggest. The secondary issue is that college is becoming more
         | and more expensive, but it is still paying off for the majority
         | of bachelor degree holders.
        
           | throwaway6734 wrote:
           | I went to college and I wasn't a "serious" student. Went on a
           | half scholarship, got pretty good grades (most of the time),
           | and majored in CS.
           | 
           | Took on around 50k at around 5% interest. Wouldn't change a
           | thing in the world about it. Easily paid it off over a few
           | years.
        
           | hattmall wrote:
           | You make several times 90k?? So like how much? Several has to
           | be at least 3 right, so $300k+?
           | 
           | What degree do you have??
        
             | trzy wrote:
             | Software engineers with ~5 years of experience (and
             | probably less) can earn $300k-$400k annually in the Bay
             | Area or New York if working for a large tech company.
        
               | ogwh wrote:
               | This is a tiny fraction of software engineers. The vast
               | majority in the wider Western world earn less than an
               | average tradesman. The higher end of salaries in the UK
               | is PS40-50k, most earning substantially less than that.
               | 
               | The much higher salaries paid by the major US companies
               | are so anomalous that they may as well be discarded in
               | any comparisons.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | The higher end in London is substantially more than that
               | across banking, insurance and foreign tech companies and
               | contracting day rates were really rather good. Admittedly
               | I've been out of the U.K. for long enough to see what
               | impact Brexit has had, especially on contracting day
               | rates.
               | 
               | Still nothing like the US though, and the cost of living
               | is not much different than New York City IME.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | No it is the international investor effect. People do not
               | invest locally. The money goes to a few proven places
               | rather than circulating throughout the entire country.
               | 
               | You can call the investors kings and the workers are
               | chasing the kings money.
        
               | pwthornton wrote:
               | While most software engineers in the U.S. don't make
               | 300-400k, you will make above 100k pretty quickly. You
               | can make 150k-ish total comp at tons of places in the
               | United States. These places will usually offer very good
               | benefits too.
        
             | pwthornton wrote:
             | Human-computer interaction. I'm not in my 20s, and I'm not
             | an individual contributor, so that skews my pay, but I also
             | don't think I've come close to my ceiling yet.
        
         | notfromhere wrote:
         | There are plenty of degrees that are worth the effort. This
         | idea that college doesn't have a justifiable return seems to be
         | pushed by people who already have degrees.
         | 
         | Engineering or bust just isn't true.
        
         | otoburb wrote:
         | According to the article women still believe the trade-off to
         | be worth paying for and attending college since their
         | application numbers are still holding steady.
         | 
         | Are most of them making a huge mistake? I guess it depends
         | heavily in the credential(s), but I think there has to be a
         | deeper reason for falling and unbalanced undergraduate
         | enrollment amongst men.
        
           | david38 wrote:
           | Women are known to chase institutional accolades more than
           | men when given the opportunity. It is in line with a general
           | preference for more security.
           | 
           | Will it work today? Probably. There are few women in the
           | trades. If you can get a cheap degree, it is likely better
           | than no degree.
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | I always assumed no one give me benefit of doubt if I don't
             | have something actually in hand. Which meant for me, I
             | would expect the degree to be necessary for me to get the
             | first job.
        
             | petre wrote:
             | No, women are generally underpaid compared to men, so it's
             | obvious that they'll try to get the appropriate degrees in
             | order to be able to compete.
        
               | epicureanideal wrote:
               | Women don't earn less for the same work. Never married
               | women with no kids actually out earn never married men
               | with no kids.
               | 
               | Please read "why men earn more" by Warren Farrell or skim
               | the table of contents for a list of some of the factors
               | that influence earnings, such as working longer hours, in
               | a different field, in unpleasant conditions, etc.
        
           | tootahe45 wrote:
           | Anecdotal but I've noticed that for a lot of women, achieving
           | the degree seems to be the end goal and status symbol, while
           | for men the degree is just a path to better financial
           | outcomes. If the calculation for the latter has changed to
           | where degree is no longer worth it compared to alternatives,
           | that could explain it.
        
           | mikewarot wrote:
           | All Ponzi schemes collapse, the growth colleges experienced
           | in the past led them to be overly optimistic and make
           | promises they can no longer meet. The falling debris from the
           | collapse is already happening, as the wave of unbreakable and
           | unpayable student debt imprisons a generation.
        
         | elil17 wrote:
         | I'm not sure why you focus on the PE licensure - the vast
         | majority of working engineers do not need this (but do need a
         | college degree).
        
           | mikewarot wrote:
           | In many places, If you're not licensed, you can't call
           | yourself an engineer.
        
       | clipradiowallet wrote:
       | Boilerplate job/career options for young men thinking about
       | attending vs not attending college...
       | 
       | 1) Enlist in the military. pay is sub-par, but your living
       | expenses are well taken care of. picking a job that has a
       | civilian equivalent is clutch here.. eg combat medic,
       | electrician, plumber, various IT-related fields.
       | 
       | 2) Skilled trades - eg plumber, electrician, HVAC-related. These
       | pay from 50k to 150k depending on what type of work you do. The
       | "high end" for example being a new-construction electrician,
       | working for themselves, making $75/hr with overtime. All these
       | fields have high job security - plumbing, electricity, and HVAC
       | are not a 'fad', and are likely to increase in demand over time.
       | 
       | 3) Own a "low tech" business, the sort you might already work for
       | if you are a teenager. Eg...landscaping. You can make $15/hr
       | running a weed eater, or with a small investment and some people
       | skills - you can pay other people $15/hr to run a weed eater, and
       | you run the business. This is more difficult than it seems on the
       | surface (management and people skills), but it is not something
       | you need a college education to succeed at.
       | 
       | 4) Specialty/niche fields...these are more difficult to break
       | into if you don't know someone already. Some examples are
       | mosquito spraying(for a city), [water] well digging, or roadside
       | assistance for a larger contract(like cell phone roadside
       | assistance, AAA, or dealer contracts). These are easier to break
       | into if you already know someone who owns that type of business,
       | who will show you the ropes so you know what you are getting
       | into.
       | 
       | This isn't an exhaustive list by any means, but hopefully someone
       | finds it stimulating enough to come up with some ideas about work
       | options that do not involve a mountain of student debt.
        
       | torstenvl wrote:
       | https://archive.is/7NeJl
        
         | jsnider3 wrote:
         | Thanks.
        
       | betwixthewires wrote:
       | I'm one of these men. Of course I chose nor to go at a time when
       | the ratio was closer to 1:1. It's one of the best decisions I
       | ever made, I stumbled into it and didn't even make a deliberate
       | decision, I felt bad about it for a few years. A happy accident I
       | guess.
       | 
       | And I've done well for myself. I hear college graduates earn more
       | over their lifetimes but anecdotally I don't see it. Financially
       | I'm doing better than almost every person I know that went, the
       | vast majority of my peers who went have a negative net worth due
       | to student debt and own no property, so the bar is low, but I'm
       | doing fantastic. I think the truth is, when credentials aren't
       | rare, how well you do is more based on your mind and some quality
       | you have than on credentials.
        
         | jlund-molfese wrote:
         | Yeah, a lot of studies seem to report on average income of
         | graduates with various degrees compared to those who didn't
         | finish university, but don't account for socioeconomic status.
         | 
         | I'd be curious what the numbers looked like when controlling
         | for all the other variables which influence someone's income.
        
       | blippage wrote:
       | Brit here, in my 50's. Everyone should - or ought - to receive a
       | good general level of education at GCSEs (i.e. 14/15 year old).
       | Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, English, etc.. You'll know a
       | fair bit about these subjects if you study for them in school.
       | Very few people actually "need" training beyond that; although I
       | would of course expect my doctor to know rather more than what's
       | in a biology GCSE.
       | 
       | My former boss of the department learned enough chemistry through
       | self-study. I heard Raspberry Pi was hiring guys to work as
       | microchip design with little prior exposure.
       | 
       | In my worldview, everyone gets their GCSEs and goes and gets a
       | job. OR, they follow a trade route, and attend a technical
       | college (in the UK meaning of the word) to learn a skill. OR, the
       | really brainy ones take an academic route, get their A levels,
       | then head off to university to become part of the intellectual
       | elite. I'm thinking 5% of the population here. OR, you get your A
       | levels and then go into a polytechnic for a highly-skilled
       | vocational job.
       | 
       | Polytechnics don't really exist anymore, they've all converted to
       | universities.
       | 
       | Basically, we should all just return to an educational system
       | that we had in the 70's. It was a system that wasn't broken, but
       | we decided to "fix" it anyway.
        
         | burntoutfire wrote:
         | It's basically hidden increase in standard of living - people
         | used to join workforce at 18-19, now they do it a couple years
         | later, after getting their degree. It means a couple years less
         | of work and a couple more years of fun/partying. In the few
         | countries (US, UK, anything else?) where Universities aren't
         | nearly free, that's kind of a deal with the Devil (as J.
         | Peterson called it), but everywhere else it's basically a free
         | improvement in quality of life.
        
       | xqcgrek2 wrote:
       | The proliferation of video games, especially online ones could
       | also be a reason (besides the cost-benefit of attending college
       | that is declining which other people already mentioned)
        
       | rayiner wrote:
       | My younger brother in law is in college at a flagship state
       | school. He's doing it to check the box and show he can maintain a
       | good gpa. But it's unclear to me what the point is outside
       | helping employers screen potential candidates.
        
       | alexitorg wrote:
       | I figured that this was more of less rational. In Australia, men
       | have more options for decent traditional jobs without a degree.
       | Construction, Manufacture, Mining, Agriculture, fisheries,
       | warehousing, transport, utilities are all male dominated sectors,
       | mostly not requiring a degree. Retail, food and accommodation
       | services only just skew female. The big area where women are
       | employed in much greater numbers than men is nursing/social work
       | and teaching. All of which are increasingly becoming bachelor
       | degrees. Historically these didn't require a bachelor's degree,
       | just one year diploma or a two year or certificate. There is a
       | trend for these work forces to become more qualified, take more
       | responsibility and get paid more. Industry stats:
       | https://lmip.gov.au/default.aspx?LMIP/LFR_SAFOUR/LFR_Industr...
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | This is because in our society, it's more acceptable for men to
       | drop out and get into some skilled trade, like plumbing or
       | climbing telephone poles. People just won't accept that women can
       | also do that. So there's a lot of pressure to make sure your
       | female children go to college and get a degree.
        
         | pharmakom wrote:
         | It's actually the safety / creepiness risk of having to work in
         | people's homes.
        
         | spaceflunky wrote:
         | > like plumbing or climbing telephone poles. People just won't
         | accept that women can also do that.
         | 
         | You sure about that? Or is it that the majority of women don't
         | see themselves unclogging toilets for a living? I have never
         | seen it, but I would suspect list of female applications to
         | plumbing or electrician school is very very short.
        
           | temp10298385 wrote:
           | I do not necessarily agree with the original post's statement
           | but this response seems confused to me.
           | 
           | Few female applicants to trade schools is consistent with the
           | original statement. If it is societally unacceptable for a
           | woman to be a plumber then I would expect women to act as any
           | rational agent and factor this in when planning their future
           | career.
        
             | spaceflunky wrote:
             | You're just infantilizing women by blaming every outcome on
             | "society". I fully believe women are capable of making
             | their own decisions and there's no "cabal of men" holding
             | them back from unclogging toilets.
        
               | temp10298385 wrote:
               | I would argue that I'm neither infantilizing women nor
               | blaming every outcome on society. I never mentioned a
               | cabal of men. It seems you are reading in many themes
               | that are not present in my comment.
               | 
               | I believe that norms shape behaviour, that is the extent
               | of my claim.
        
             | adamrezich wrote:
             | "societal unacceptability" is only one factor. personal
             | choice is another. there's no reason to assume that gender
             | disparities in a given field or trade are solely the result
             | of the existence of the former.
        
               | temp10298385 wrote:
               | I'm in agreement here.
        
             | CountDrewku wrote:
             | It's socially unacceptable for a lot of men to be in trades
             | as well, especially if you factor in family background. Let
             | me know what school promotes trades as a good alternative
             | to traditional education? It's almost always looked at as
             | the options for "stupid" people. I don't think your
             | anecdote holds up at all. It seems fare more likely that
             | women in general just do not want physical labor jobs.
        
               | temp10298385 wrote:
               | I don't know what anecdote you are referring to, I did
               | not mention one. I did not even make a statement of
               | agreement or disagreement with the original comment. I
               | just pointed out that I did not see a logical
               | inconsistency.
               | 
               | As for your claim that higher class males avoid trades:
               | yes of course. That is actually a great example of what I
               | mean. People factor in social norms in their decision
               | making, be it male or female.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | You are sort of skimming over actual need for actual physical
           | strength in those field. But yes, these are assumed to be
           | boys occupation - including when presented to children.
           | 
           | But like, given they require physical strength, it is hard to
           | make a big deal about it.
        
         | chuckee wrote:
         | I see. And there's no non-college educated professions where
         | women are prevalent? It's plumbing or bust?
         | 
         | Of course clearly when women were under-represented in college,
         | that was due to misogyny. And now that they are over-
         | represented, it's also due to misogyny. No matter what the
         | facts are, the conclusion is the same.
         | 
         | There's a word for that.
        
           | citizenpaul wrote:
           | Good luck getting anyone on hn to consider that just maybe
           | colleges being often openly hoatile towards men might drive
           | them elsewhere
        
           | mrbadideas wrote:
           | Systemic misogyny?
        
           | amanaplanacanal wrote:
           | Do you think that when women were under-represented it was
           | because they were plumbers or climbing telephone poles?
           | Because that's the only way your suggestion makes sense.
        
             | Nimitz14 wrote:
             | They weren't working at all.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | That is not actually true. The all women are stay at home
               | thing was never true. Society always had women who
               | worked, because they are unmarried, husband is alcoholic,
               | husband died, husband does not earn all that much.
        
           | frankbreetz wrote:
           | I am having trouble coming up with a single high paying, no
           | degree required job that is majority female. Please let me
           | know if I am missing some.
        
             | sumgocko wrote:
             | Pornstar :)
        
               | inkblotuniverse wrote:
               | Really just a specialist type of plumber
        
             | babesh wrote:
             | OnlyFans, models, successful real estate agents, certain
             | categories of social influencers
        
             | chuckee wrote:
             | It does not need to be majority female - I'd say 30% female
             | is more than enough to consider a job being accepting of
             | women. But okay:
             | 
             | "The average Plumber salary in the United States is
             | $58,659" -
             | https://www.salary.com/research/salary/benchmark/plumber-
             | sal...
             | 
             | "The national average salary for Human Resources is $65,314
             | per year in United States." -
             | https://www.glassdoor.com/Salaries/human-resources-salary-
             | SR...
             | 
             | "Forbes cited HR Manager as a "best paying job for women"
             | in 2011, with over 70 percent of the profession dominated
             | by females." -
             | https://www.forbes.com/sites/theyec/2012/07/11/why-human-
             | res...
             | 
             | "At the administrative level, 30 percent of human resources
             | assistants had an associate degree as of 2013, 26 percent
             | had a high school diploma and 21 percent had at least one
             | year of college experience" -
             | https://work.chron.com/education-requirements-human-
             | resource...
        
               | pwthornton wrote:
               | Does the average HR manager not have a college degree?
        
         | throwawaylinux wrote:
         | Do you have any evidence for this implausible sounding claim
         | that you're passing off as fact?
        
         | CountDrewku wrote:
         | >People just won't accept that women can also do that.
         | 
         | Most women just don't want to do that. I don't think it has
         | much to do with acceptance. Women that want to become plumbers
         | are few an far between.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | I suspect it also has something to do with the vast majority
           | of women having weaker wrists/forearms than men.
        
         | pwthornton wrote:
         | People have to keep in mind that the trades have generally been
         | pretty sexist and not all that professionally run. I would not
         | want my daughters to go into most trades because of this.
         | 
         | It's a lot easier for men to find a decent paying job that
         | doesn't require a college degree and where you won't get
         | regularly harassed.
        
       | _Nat_ wrote:
       | That's an interesting figure they've got!
       | 
       | Observations (based on the figure alone):
       | 
       | 1. White-Males had the lowest college-enrollment-rates across all
       | categories. They got the lowest in the two lowest income-
       | brackets; basically a three-way tie in the next income-bracket;
       | and just a little higher than Hispanic-Males in the highest
       | income-bracket.
       | 
       | 2. Asians had the highest enrollment-rates across all income-
       | brackets.
       | 
       | 3. Asians were relatively constant in their enrollment-rates,
       | regardless of income or gender, always above 70%. (Always above
       | ~83%, if excluding the lowest income-bracket.) The gender-gap
       | still leaned toward Asian-Females over Asian-Males, but not by
       | much.
       | 
       | 4. Blacks varied heavily by income. Blacks had pretty low
       | enrollment-rates in the lowest income-bracket, but got some of
       | the highest enrollment-rates in the higher income-brackets (after
       | Asians).
       | 
       | 5. Black-Females had an odd pattern-deviation: like Black-Males,
       | their enrollment-rates increased dramatically with family-income,
       | getting the highest non-Asian enrollment-rate by the second-
       | highest income-bracket. But then, oddly, their enrollment-rate
       | fell by ~8% from the second-highest to the highest income-
       | bracket.
       | 
       | 6. Hispanics were pretty consistent with Whites, especially for
       | Males. For Females, Whites had higher rates in the lowest income-
       | bracket, while Hispanics had somewhat higher rates in all other
       | income-brackets.
       | 
       | 7. Ignoring race, enrollment-rates increased significantly with
       | family-income.
       | 
       | 8. Ignoring race, enrollment-rates were much higher for Females
       | than Males across all income-brackets.
        
         | nabla9 wrote:
         | What is missing is dividing all that by field of study. When
         | white males give up college, what exactly do they give up?
         | 
         | https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/publications/homecoming-a...
         | 
         | >Once barriers to female careers were lowered and their access
         | to higher education was expanded, two key factors may have
         | played a role in the female college advantage: relatively
         | greater economic benefits of college for females and relatively
         | higher effort costs of college going and prepara- tion for
         | males. (girls exceeded boys in secondary school performance and
         | attainment)
        
       | babesh wrote:
       | The same is occurring in some Scandinavian countries.
        
       | paulcole wrote:
       | There's no idea that rich white people love to push more than the
       | idea that college is unnecessary (yet nearly all of them went to
       | college and you won't find their kids going to trade school).
       | 
       | It's part gatekeeping and part wishful thinking.
        
       | teekert wrote:
       | I can understand this. I think my parents never questioned the
       | usefulness of a formal education. But I am starting to.
       | 
       | My brother tried several different educational paths, pushed by
       | my parents. In the end he got a sort of burnout. After years now
       | he is picking up some work, mainly helping elderly still living
       | alone on any tasks (from computer related to doing groceries). He
       | seems happy, finally.
       | 
       | My other brother hated all his schools, got bullied a lot, he
       | specialized in agriculture in the end. Now he's a truck driver
       | (with one of those super big ones), he likes it. He can still
       | give nice advice on what to plant in my garden, so there's that.
       | 
       | I see that my son is also really interested in many things, but
       | school is not so much "his thing". Sitting still, listening, it's
       | not making him happy. If he has any aspiration of building a life
       | without formal schooling I'd support it. There is so much to
       | learn online. He can be an entrepreneur and we can help him get
       | there. In fact, I'd enjoy it.
       | 
       | Who knows with the insane cost of education, this generation of
       | men may end up self-taught, happy and (in the US important) debt
       | free. Maybe we should worry about the people missing out on this
       | opportunity?
        
         | prawn wrote:
         | The article made mention of what the example males were doing
         | and what they were earning. There was mention of the average
         | graduate's earnings vs non-graduate, but otherwise they're
         | judging a person skipping a first year of college while they
         | would otherwise have been _spending_ money in the equivalent
         | year. As you and others have implied, these individuals could
         | earn, buy modest property in a quiet state /town, then live a
         | decent life debt free - there are far worse things to achieve.
         | 
         | My brother was a professional basketball player up until his
         | mid-30s. I remember when he was about the same age as the males
         | of the story, he was deciding between a four-year scholarship
         | at an American college, or a four-year contract in the
         | Australian professional league. The pitch from the college was
         | that he could return to Australia in year five and earn x. The
         | pitch from the local team was that he could earn x by year
         | five, but have been earning for each of the first four years;
         | the pro team offered university payments, car, and so on. Pros
         | and cons either way.
         | 
         | He eventually got his degree studying remotely in the later
         | years of his basketball career and transitioned to a desk job.
         | There's always a sense of what might've been, but I think
         | things worked out well enough.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dqpb wrote:
       | There is a small window of opportunity here to replace these
       | institutes with something better before our society goes into
       | full auto-immune disorder.
        
       | gigatexal wrote:
       | More folks should be given the option for vocational training in
       | blue collar roles that pay really really well. Ever had a decent
       | electrician or plumber come to your house to fix something? They
       | make bank/hr. Or even a welder or carpenter etc etc not the whole
       | world needs to be tech service workers, the economy is more
       | nuanced than that.
       | 
       | But social stigma stemms from everything from dating to parents
       | to friends etc if one does not complete a 4-year degree.
       | 
       | Most tech firms are lifitng the requirement for such a degree as
       | in tech if you can do the work you can do the work and can (I'd
       | say should) be hired. (In a sense, most coding/programming work
       | is blue collar in that sense -- you don't need rocket science to
       | center a div ;)
        
       | notfromhere wrote:
       | There's a lot of anti-intellectualism that floats around in male
       | culture, and a pernicious attitude that you can make it without a
       | degree (despite the reality that a lack of credentials locks you
       | out of most high paying or leadership roles).
       | 
       | Tech likes to pretend credentials don't matter, but that's
       | entirely not true.
       | 
       | Not surprising that enrollment is down when too many men think
       | learning things is for nerds.
       | 
       | Source: am an American male
        
         | noduerme wrote:
         | I didn't go to college, and I'm one of the techs you're
         | referring to. But techs also think on-job experience and self-
         | motivated projects are equivalent to or better than college,
         | and both of those are necessary.
         | 
         | There are tons of high paying jobs available to people who
         | learn trades, either in trade schools or on the job. Much of
         | tech is like a trade - as a software engineer, I certainly have
         | more in common with a car mechanic working on custom builds
         | than I do with an accountant, lawyer, doctor or CEO. A lot of
         | Americans were sold the false idea that college would help them
         | know what they wanted to do, and make money. But it's not a
         | magic beansprout you just ride up to the heights of society...
         | definitely not when everyone else is doing it and everyone else
         | is in debt. You have to actually be motivated. And if you're
         | motivated... well it's kike George Carlin said about self help
         | books: You went to the bookstore to go find a self help book,
         | you're motivated, what do you need the book for?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | happythen wrote:
         | I don't have a degree and am from US as well. In most my jobs,
         | I am usually the only one without it. In Europe, it's even more
         | rare, (majority of colleagues have PhDs). When people find out
         | I am not educated, they are not happy about it, initially.
         | 
         | People can be really mean, especially when you aren't "smart".
         | I had to read a lot about a lot of things just so I could go to
         | lunch and participate in the chatter with coworkers.
         | 
         | But, not getting a degree never blocked me from getting great
         | money or any position, I just had to work hard for it, always
         | had to prove myself, earn trust. It's life on hard mode for
         | sure, but not a blocker.
        
         | SixDouble5321 wrote:
         | No degree-having, white, American male with software job
         | reporting in.
        
         | throwcommonsns wrote:
         | Even people with degrees are locked out of those high paying or
         | leadership roles. Meanwhile, others can make it just fine by
         | learning a trade. As a junior engineer, I was making the same
         | amount as my degree less counterparts working in the oil
         | industry were.
        
       | known wrote:
       | College may not be leading to
       | http://www.netmba.com/mgmt/ob/motivation/maslow/
        
       | draw_down wrote:
       | I'm sure we'll be hearing about the injustice of this gender
       | imbalance any day now.......
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | albntomat0 wrote:
       | "Over the course of their working lives, American college
       | graduates earn more than a million dollars beyond those with only
       | a high-school diploma, and a university diploma is required for
       | many jobs as well as most professions, technical work and
       | positions of influence."
       | 
       | From the article.
       | 
       | There are folks getting useless degrees and/or taking on too much
       | debt, but getting a college degree on the whole is worthwhile.
        
         | torstenvl wrote:
         | Far too many variables to draw any clear conclusions, in my
         | opinion. Have there been any of these studies that show the
         | effect holding constant when controlling for high school GPA,
         | SAT/ACT, and IQ?
        
           | pwthornton wrote:
           | A huge chunk of well paying jobs literally require at least a
           | bachelors degree, and you can't submit your SAT scores
           | instead.
           | 
           | I think we can say it is in fact causal that on average a
           | college degree earns more money than not having one just by
           | this fact alone.
        
           | zsmi wrote:
           | What is the experiment you're proposing? I didn't follow.
           | 
           | What about just measuring the ROI of the degree?
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/13/your-money/college-
           | degree...
           | 
           | "All of the largest programs in electrical and communications
           | engineering, for instance, allowed most of their graduates to
           | recoup their educational investment in five years or less.
           | But many programs in some fields, like drama and dance, show
           | no return on investment, the report found, meaning most of
           | their graduates are earning less than a typical high school
           | graduate."
           | 
           | So this study more or less backs claim that some degrees
           | offer a positive ROI while others do not. As to whether or
           | not a given degree is "worthwhile," I'd leave that as an
           | exercise for the reader. :)
        
             | tfehring wrote:
             | Not the parent commenter but I think they're suggesting
             | that the degree may not be the cause of the increase in
             | earnings, but rather that the people who get college
             | degrees have attributes (e.g. intelligence, work ethic,
             | good K12 education, wealthy parents) that would lead them
             | to out-earn their peers even without a degree.
             | 
             | To be clear, I don't buy that argument. Obviously those
             | factors explain some of the difference, but I think most of
             | the highest-paying jobs in STEM and many of the highest-
             | paying jobs in other fields (e.g. business/finance) require
             | skills that would be hard to reliably obtain without a
             | college degree or something similar.
        
               | torstenvl wrote:
               | Yes, that was my angle. And while I share your intuition
               | to some extent, I maintain that it's difficult to get a
               | scientifically sound conclusion without controlling for
               | those variables.
               | 
               | Specifically, to refer to an average of $1,000,000 as a
               | specific effect size, without controlling for the fact
               | that many people with only a high school diploma would
               | not earn more even if they had a college degree, seems
               | suspect.
        
         | cblconfederate wrote:
         | Earned* . These statistics should always come with caution that
         | past performance does not guarantee future returns.
        
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