[HN Gopher] Dutch cities want to ban property investors in all n...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Dutch cities want to ban property investors in all neighborhoods
        
       Author : atombender
       Score  : 524 points
       Date   : 2021-09-05 09:31 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (nltimes.nl)
 (TXT) w3m dump (nltimes.nl)
        
       | BurningFrog wrote:
       | This is a common policy across the world. It is based on flawed
       | reasoning, and won't work.
       | 
       | Simply put, housing isn't getting more expensive because
       | investors are buying houses. The causation is the opposite:
       | Investors are buying housing because its value is consistently
       | going up, making it a good investment.
       | 
       | So why _are_ prices going up?
       | 
       | Prices are formed by the forces of supply and demand. In the
       | regions I know about, housing supply is severely limited by
       | regulations/laws that makes building new housing hard.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | >Prices are formed by the forces of supply and demand.
         | 
         | Technically the problem is that the supply is permanently
         | fixed. There is no force on the supply side.
        
       | sidlls wrote:
       | That's a rather extreme response. I don't know what the markets
       | are like in the Netherlands, but I can't imagine the dynamics are
       | much different from other regions where this sort of issue
       | exists. That is, it's a combination of NIMBYism or other supply
       | restricting phenomena and a surplus of investors from outside
       | these communities with the means to take advantage.
       | 
       | In my area on the Peninsula in the bay area, many years easily
       | 25% of the available real estate stock is purchased by foreign
       | investors. Forbidding _all_ investors (local or foreign) from
       | buying real estate to lease isn 't going to solve the bigger
       | problem: a lack of supply. It may help lower home prices into a
       | range of affordability for locals (investors and primary
       | residence seekers) substantially--which could be a good thing.
        
       | chimen wrote:
       | Good. I went to Prague recently (after 10 years) to discover that
       | the entire city centre with all of it's businesses is now owned
       | by chinese people. A 500ml water costs 10 euros and everything
       | seems different, designed to just milk the cash from tourists.
       | Had a much better experience 10+ years ago and made quite a few
       | local friends.
        
       | acd wrote:
       | I think beside limiting property investors, curbing central bank
       | zero interest rates will make housing more affordable. Why? Zero
       | interest rates drives up all asset prizes including housing.
       | Buyers buy housing that they can afford to pay the monthly
       | mortgage on. Zero interest rates by central banks undermines the
       | UN article 17 human right to own property, instead you rent from
       | banks. I argue that there wouldn't be so many property
       | speculators if the interest rate weren't set artificially close
       | to zero by central banks purchasing bonds.
       | 
       | UN human right of right to own property "Article 17
       | Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in
       | association with others."
        
       | rocqua wrote:
       | This is stupid.
       | 
       | It bans buying or renting. Our rental market is already very
       | distorted because most rentals fall under regulations except for
       | people just above modal incomes. That already leaves a gap for
       | people not poor enough to be allowed regulated rent, and too poor
       | to get an 700 a month mortgage, who are forced to rent at 900 a
       | month.
       | 
       | If you want to hurt pure investors, tax un-lived in housing.
       | 
       | But really, we need to kill the mortgage tax credit for any new
       | homes. That will reduce the value of land because it offers less
       | tax benefits. At the same time, currently interest is low so it
       | will barely effect new entrants. The key is to make houses worth
       | a bit less. Homeowners are just going to have to suffer a slight
       | dip after amazing gains for the last decades.
        
       | gbajson wrote:
       | Governments are printing money, inflation is eating savings.
       | Properties are safe and easy way to protect money.
       | 
       | When buying properties will be banned, what would you recommend
       | as an alternative?
        
         | dudul wrote:
         | Gold and guns
        
       | mercy_dude wrote:
       | There is a better way - raise the real rate. Cheap loans along
       | with endless printing has basically made fiat useless as a medium
       | to store value, the only reason fiat exists now is as a medium to
       | exchange goods/services. Here the Fed has been buying over 100B
       | of mortgage based securities a month. This got to stop. For all
       | the talks about Wealth inequality, I don't understand how
       | politicians fail to understand this basic thing.
       | 
       | I hope ECB and other central bankers realizes how they are
       | fucking up an entire generation before it's too late.Negative
       | rates is only going to make things worse.
        
         | pydry wrote:
         | This would lead to a steep collapse of property prices and
         | force new homeowners who have just scraped together enough for
         | a deposit into negative equity. This would drive a _lot_ of
         | anger against it (all amplified by the media /ultrawealthy who
         | would be furious too) even if it were the right thing to do
         | long term.
         | 
         | The only time I could see this happening would be in the case
         | the value of the dollar fell off a cliff due to externally
         | triggered emergency.
        
           | mercy_dude wrote:
           | Yeah this is the narrative that is always played every time
           | there is a talk about even slightest increase in interest
           | rate. When politicians and news media alike play this
           | narrative this gives people signal that house prices can
           | never go down. I know a couple who is one layoff away from
           | defaulting their mortgage, but they bought a house with
           | mortgage 60% of their income since they think housing prices
           | can never go down.
           | 
           | Assuming you are able to afford your mortgage in the first
           | place and want to live in the house for distant future, why
           | is repricing in due to rate change a problem anyway?
        
             | cutler wrote:
             | Agreed. I've never understood this assumption that one is
             | entitled to get something for nothing merely by virtue of
             | owning a house. Investment is just another form of gambling
             | dressed up in the garb of respectability..
        
         | mcv wrote:
         | I don't think it's an issue of inflation. Inflation has been
         | super low for the past decade or more. Everything else is
         | cheap, it's just housing that's expensive. It's a combination
         | of scarcity and speculation leading to more artificial
         | scarcity. Make it less attractive for speculators and build
         | more houses.
        
           | birbs wrote:
           | Inflation is extremely high: https://www.aei.org/carpe-
           | diem/chart-of-the-day-or-century/
        
             | GlennS wrote:
             | How do you take "inflation is extremely high" from that
             | chart?
             | 
             | 56% over 20 years is 2.25%ish per year.
        
           | pigeonhole123 wrote:
           | How is the CPI a useful measure of inflation if it ignores
           | the things people actually have to spend money on like
           | housing and healthcare?
        
             | em500 wrote:
             | It wouldn't be, if it did that. Fortunately it doesn't
             | ignore those. In the US CPI calculation, housing has around
             | 42% weight, medical care around 9%. Source:
             | https://www.bls.gov/cpi/tables/relative-importance/2020.htm
        
               | pigeonhole123 wrote:
               | I think this is only rent? Most people don't want to rent
               | their whole life in the US
               | 
               | https://www.bls.gov/cpi/factsheets/owners-equivalent-
               | rent-an...
        
               | em500 wrote:
               | It uses actual rents for renters and owner-equivalent
               | rents for owners. This does not assume at all that people
               | want to rent their whole life. (The main assumption it
               | relies on is that owners do not systematically understate
               | what they think their own house could be rented for.)
        
               | pigeonhole123 wrote:
               | So as long as the interest rates stay extremely low then
               | this hold true?
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | You don't pay for the house. You pay for the mortgage. The
             | mortgage is accounted for in the CPI and man gets this
             | tiring. The housing component of the CPI has always been 3%
             | for decades. It's one of the few things dragging it up to
             | 2%.
             | 
             | If you have a higher interest mortgage the value of the
             | house goes down but you still have the same monthly
             | payment.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | >There is a better way - raise the real rate.
         | 
         | Ok, you decreased monopoly rents but you also raised the cost
         | of everything that isn't a monopoly. You will now pay more
         | interest on your car. Companies pay more interest and pass the
         | cost of interest onto you through more expensive products and
         | services.
         | 
         | The truth is that you didn't even make housing cheaper. You
         | still pay $1000 per month for 30 years. Higher interest rates
         | just mean more of your money goes to the bank in the form of
         | interest payments rather than into home equity.
         | 
         | >Cheap loans along with endless printing has basically made
         | fiat useless as a medium to store value,
         | 
         | I don't understand this logic. Fiat currency is created by the
         | promise that someone will work for you. If you never redeem
         | that promise it is worthless. You cannot store labor the same
         | way you can store gold. All saving money does is create room
         | for investments today. If those investments never happened then
         | you saved for naught. You denied yourself of the value of your
         | money and yet you have the audacity to blame others for it.
         | 
         | >I hope ECB and other central bankers realizes how they are
         | fucking up an entire generation before it's too late.Negative
         | rates is only going to make things worse.
         | 
         | What negative interest rates do is force you to face the fact
         | that you are not utilizing the promise and that money, just
         | like grain decays over time. You are letting people sit
         | unemployed unable to live up to their potential.
         | 
         | What "fucked up" an entire generation is the utilization of
         | money as a time machine. Let's imagine a simple money system.
         | $1 = 1 pound of grain. The grain standard. Grain decays over
         | time. Therefore $1 appreciates exactly at the rate at which
         | grain decays. The farmer storing grain has to pay the
         | maintenance cost of holding onto it while the person with the
         | money has none of the costs. Everyone will start hoarding money
         | while they get to watch the real world decay. If you put a
         | holding fee onto money that matches the decay rate of grain
         | then people will be forced to spend their money on something
         | that is more durable than grain like giant pyramids that
         | survived for 4000 years.
        
         | wsc981 wrote:
         | In The Netherlands I don't think this would make a big
         | difference around the major cities as there is a huge housing
         | shortage and this will stay the same at least for the next 10
         | years, probably more much longer.
        
           | mercy_dude wrote:
           | Scarcity was always a problem. Even in 90s and early 00s
           | there was a lot of posters about housing shortage. But prices
           | we're rather stable. In a healthy housing market, you expect
           | the property values to not grow over real interest rate.
           | Which was the case back then.
        
         | zihotki wrote:
         | The main problem which this won't solve is the lack of space.
         | There is a little land in NL so you can't grow endlessly and
         | new districts would also put additional burden on
         | infrastructure. People want to live close to major transport
         | connections and/or big cities. You just can't build more and
         | faster without considering the whole picture.
        
       | nmca wrote:
       | In the long term, the ethically right answer seems pretty clearly
       | to me to be a land value tax [0]. But due to encouragement of
       | home ownership [1], that's not going to democratically tenable in
       | a lot of countries for 20+ years. Unfortunate situation.
       | 
       | [0] In 1879, a man asked "How come all this new economic
       | development and industrialized technology hasn't eliminated
       | poverty and oppression?" That man was Henry George, his answer
       | came in the form of a book called Progress & Poverty, and this is
       | a review of that book -
       | https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/your-book-review-progr...
       | 
       | [1] https://www.economist.com/leaders/2020/01/16/home-
       | ownership-...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dogma1138 wrote:
         | LTV won't work in the UK land ownership is way too concentrated
         | and leaseholds give land owners an easy tool to transfer the
         | cost to the leaseholders.
         | 
         | London and other metropolitan areas still have a lot of low
         | income housing in very high value areas, there are
         | current/former council houses in Westminster and Kensington and
         | Chelsea for example that sit on land worth billions.
         | 
         | LVT in the UK would likely just increase cost of ownership for
         | leaseholders which would make flats in cities even more
         | expensive (and since many newly developed terraced, detached
         | and townhouses also come as leasehold these days even buying a
         | house won't help) and just push for further gentrification as
         | housing like this
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallfield_Estate would become
         | economically non-viable.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | >LVT in the UK would likely just increase cost of ownership
           | for leaseholders which would make flats in cities even more
           | expensive
           | 
           | Increasing the cost of ownership makes it more expensive to
           | speculate on real estate which would drive prices down. The
           | most speculative assets have no maintenance costs.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | "leaseholds give land owners an easy tool to transfer the
           | cost to the leaseholders"
           | 
           | This relationship has always reminding me of medieval
           | surfdom, i think it's deeply unfair and rigged and needs to
           | be abolished.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | https://www.ducksters.com/history/middle_ages_feudal_system
             | ....
             | 
             | >Lords and Knights - The lords ran the local manors. They
             | also were the king's knights and could be called into
             | battle at any moment by their Baron. The lords owned
             | everything on their land including the peasants, crops, and
             | village.
             | 
             | It was not the king (the government) but the local lord
             | (the property owner) that abused his subjects the most.
        
             | dogma1138 wrote:
             | It is the UK never really had a "democratization" of land
             | ownership like the rest of Europe especially following WW2.
        
         | zhengiszen wrote:
         | Thanks for the review it comes like a revelation.
        
         | newswasboring wrote:
         | Land ownership tax doesn't work because land is a basic need.
         | You have to exist somewhere. The problem isn't ownership of
         | land, it's excessive ownership of land. Ownership of land
         | beyond need into greed. You can easily design land ownership
         | tax like income tax where people who own more pay more. People
         | who own enough for their family are not taxed at all and if you
         | want more you pay a lot more.
         | 
         | Of course there is the usual issue of the definition of
         | "enough" but those kind of questions are solved all the time in
         | parliaments. This all or nothing behavior is what harms the
         | prospect of land tax.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | Well, when people talk about wealth taxes those are always
           | above a certain threshold. I am perfectly fine with taxing
           | excessive ownership of land. We don't need the theoretically
           | perfect utopia. We need something that is good enough to give
           | us another 80 years of peace.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | It's a nice theory but it would involve tossing people out of
         | their homes because they can't afford the tax. If you make an
         | exception for them, then the entire system is defunct because
         | it'll just be a web of exceptions that just create a "housing
         | elite" that is exempt from the rules.
         | 
         | The easier thing is just make is easier to build more housing,
         | denser if needed, to fulfill demand.
        
           | merrywhether wrote:
           | Who's getting tossed out of homes? If they own any part of
           | it, they can sell their land at its new higher value and
           | pocket their share of the gains. Then the can either move
           | into a nearby newly redeveloped multi-unit building
           | (increased efficiency as incentivized by LVT) or they can
           | move further out to land with the same low value on which
           | they used to live in a detached home.
           | 
           | This same type of thinking drives me crazy in CA where Prop
           | 13 exists because someone might have to move because they've
           | made a million dollars in house value (simply by existing)
           | that they might have to realize.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | You just described someone forced out of their home.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | Well, you don't have to make "tossing people out of their
           | homes" a horrifying experience. If the eviction process on
           | your primary residence granted you 3 years to pay the tax
           | then it would be exceedingly unlikely that anyone would get
           | kicked out because of a sudden real estate boom or bust.
           | 
           | As a concession the debt can be reassessed at any time during
           | those 3 years. If there is a boom that makes the tax
           | excessive followed by a bust that reduces the value of the
           | land by 50% then your tax bill would also go down by 50%.
           | 
           | >The easier thing is just make is easier to build more
           | housing, denser if needed, to fulfill demand.
           | 
           | That's the entire goal behind the land value tax.
        
         | rocqua wrote:
         | Homeownership is a great ideal. Letting people work towards
         | having a place to live without paying rent is great for
         | independence.
         | 
         | What is stupid is promoting Homeownership as a personal
         | investment for the individual home-owner. A home is already a
         | great thing to own financially, because it 'produces' not
         | having to pay rent. There is no need to also have it pay 5% a
         | year for people who have 100% leverage (which is very common in
         | the Netherlands for mortgages).
         | 
         | But politicians get lots of votes by making the current middle
         | class richer for owning homes. Nevermind that it is bad long-
         | term as people have been saying for the last 20 years.
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | In a perfect market where there was always enough housing and
           | rental units to supply the demand, rent would just end up
           | settling at the same price as owning. See price vs rent
           | index.
        
           | wallacoloo wrote:
           | Just a note that 100% leverage would mean that you're
           | borrowing against 100% of the portion of the asset you bought
           | to purchase more of the asset. I.e. you put 50% money down
           | and borrowed to buy the other 50%.
           | 
           | A typical 20% down-payment in the US gets you 400% leverage
           | (you used your 20% ownership 4 times over in order to
           | purchase the other 80%).
           | 
           | 5% down gets you 1900% leverage.
           | 
           | If you put $50000 down (5%) on a $1M home, it rises by 1%
           | ($10000) and you sell it, then you just made a 20% return on
           | your initial investment. You were leveraged 1900%, and so you
           | got a return 1900% above what you would have without
           | borrowing any $. Nobody serious advises that kind of leverage
           | on any asset _except_ for real-estate, AFAIK.
        
         | saulpw wrote:
         | How about a land value tax with an exemption for primary
         | residence?
        
           | acomjean wrote:
           | We have straight property tax in Cambridge(ma United States).
           | If you live if your unit they'll reduce the value that is
           | taxed (by about 400000$ Or about $2500)
           | 
           | I'm not sure it's helped, but it might be worse without it.
           | 
           | https://www.cambridgema.gov/departments/finance/propertytaxi.
           | ..
        
           | lifty wrote:
           | This sounds like a reasonable trade off which doesn't hVe the
           | risk of uprooting people from their primary residence.
        
             | R0b0t1 wrote:
             | I like it too, but it seems to incentivize sprawl. If
             | people attempt to lease land the LVT will be passed to
             | their tenants. To avoid paying the LVT, tenants will look
             | for new construction.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Higher fossil fuel taxes would counter the sprawl
               | incentive.
        
               | nextaccountic wrote:
               | Isn't this a good thing? The more constructions, the more
               | housing.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | It would certainly be better than nothing. You can then add
           | some sort of capital gains on primary residences so taxes
           | will be paid on sale not during use.
        
         | murgindrag wrote:
         | I'm not sold on the Economist article. I do believe in home
         | ownership. The idea that a person spends a lifetime in the same
         | home and community is a good one. We're tribal creatures, and
         | you want a tribe -- you want people to know their neighbors,
         | have community BBQs, and live in real communities. You want
         | enough of a vested interest in municipal politics that
         | democratic structures work. You want kids growing up with the
         | same friends in school.
         | 
         | The flips side can be pretty dark too. For example, there are
         | are plenty of stories of poorer communities, especially African
         | American tenant ones, being broken up and priced out by
         | gentrification of rental markets.
         | 
         | Ownership is less economically efficient, but much more
         | resilient. Once a mortgage is paid off, you've always got a
         | roof overhead. You just need to earn enough for food, clothing,
         | and medicine.
         | 
         | I think the trick would be to implement significant differences
         | in land tax based on:
         | 
         | * a home you live in; versus
         | 
         | * an individual investment property (e.g. if you own 2-3
         | homes); versus
         | 
         | * an institutional investment property (e.g. investment fund
         | owns hundreds of homes)
        
           | rhacker wrote:
           | To be 100% completely honest, home building needs to be one
           | of our basic skills taught in school. That along with
           | chopping down the building codes for small homes to be
           | extremely simple. I'm not saying we support shanty homes
           | everywhere, but the problem we have is that investors are
           | buying up all the perfect homes and most homes are perfect
           | homes. Maybe we should have less than perfect homes that
           | aren't valued so high and sought out by investors that live
           | in China.
        
           | the_gipsy wrote:
           | > community BBQs, and live in real communities
           | 
           | The sad reality is that people want their own BBQ and not
           | really mix with their neighbours. That's what poor people
           | have to put up with, so to speak.
        
             | ClumsyPilot wrote:
             | I massively disagree - the reason people want their own BBQ
             | is that they dont know, and hence dont trust their
             | neighbours. My parents knew ~100 people on the same street,
             | these days average person know zero.
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | I don't think the article is saying ownership is a bad thing
           | in itself, but that the vast resources that have been poured
           | into promoting and subsidising it have had some pretty
           | undesirable consequences.
           | 
           | Here in the UK we have started imposing tax penalties on buy
           | to rent that disincentivizes owning more than one or two
           | rental properties. The problem with punishing institutional
           | investors is it would take huge amounts on investment out of
           | the housing market, just as we have a massive need for more
           | housing. We need more houses for people to buy and more new
           | housing available to rent. Rental properties by themselves
           | aren't a problem, it's taking houses out of individual
           | ownership and transferring them to the rental sector that's
           | the problem.
        
             | murgindrag wrote:
             | Investment in the housing market drives up supply of
             | buildings, and drives up the cost of the land underneath
             | them. In high-cost markets, most of the cost is the land,
             | not development on that land.
             | 
             | You can waive the higher taxes for very high density
             | developments. Skyscrapers to require investors, and that is
             | beneficial.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | A progressive land tax would encourage investors to have
               | few but high quality/density properties. The tax would be
               | something like 2% for the individual home owner with less
               | than 1000m^2 of land and 10% for companies owning 5000m^2
               | or more land.
        
             | R0b0t1 wrote:
             | Home prices are up because there is no supply. There's no
             | supply because people can't afford to build houses. The
             | issue isn't home ownership, it's the lack of it.
             | 
             | An LVT _might_ work but I think it is only ethical if you
             | advantage primary residences with a complete lack of tax.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | It can't simultaneously be true that people are paying
               | huge sums fir houses, driving prices up, and they can't
               | afford to build new houses. New construction is generally
               | much cheaper than buying an existing house. The lack of
               | new house building is reluctance to grant planning
               | permission due to NIMBYism.
               | 
               | One of the points of an LVT, among other things, is to
               | encourage little old ladies living in 4 bedroom houses to
               | move somewhere smaller. It's actually a very equitable
               | tax that reduces distortions in markets and reduces
               | inequality. I highly encourage you to read up on it.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_value_tax
        
             | mattmanser wrote:
             | They're not imposing tax penalties, they just got rid of
             | the tax _breaks_.
             | 
             | You can no longer claim a mortgage as an 'expense' when
             | calculating your profits.
             | 
             | That's not how it works for other companies, loan
             | repayments are not classified as an expense to reduce your
             | profits.
             | 
             | So now they have to pay the same tax rate as other
             | businesses, where before they were getting a huge tax
             | break.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | Unfortunately "community barbecues" oftentimes meant
           | "barbecues with people who are exactly like me and who think
           | exactly like I do", an attitude which has had a pretty
           | corrosive effect on democracy in the near past.
        
         | thepangolino wrote:
         | Wouldn't a land value tax encourage urban sprawling ?
         | 
         | Current ubran policies in the western world, coupled with the
         | normalization of remote working already do this to some extent.
        
           | zeepthee wrote:
           | How would it encourage urban sprawling?
        
             | Pet_Ant wrote:
             | Preosumably the closer to the city centre the higher the
             | per square fot value so to minimise costs you move to the
             | edge of town, thus sprawl.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | Or you buy an apartment in a high rise and share the cost
               | with the other residents.
               | 
               | It would certainly discourage the building of houses in
               | the city centre.
        
               | taffer wrote:
               | > It would certainly discourage the building of houses in
               | the city centre.
               | 
               | No, that's not how it works. The value of a property is
               | made up of the value of the land and the value of the
               | buildings on it. If one of these two components is taxed,
               | its value is reduced. However, it is important to
               | remember that the supply of land is fixed, but the supply
               | of buildings is not. If one taxes buildings, as is the
               | case with a traditional property tax, construction
               | activity is reduced, but if one taxes only land, as is
               | the case with a land value tax, construction activity is
               | not impeded at all. That's the beauty of a land value
               | tax: it doesn't distort anything.
               | 
               | With a property tax, an undeveloped lot in the center of
               | town is taxed less than a high-rise. With a land value
               | tax, both are taxed at the same rate. Relatively
               | speaking, a property tax promotes sprawl, a land value
               | tax promotes density.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | That's essentially my point. A house in the city center
               | which consumes the same amount of land as an apartment
               | block would face the same tax bill.
               | 
               | Who would want that house with that tax bill?
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | The bill is high because people are willing to pay it. If
               | the neighboring properties are 3 story multifamily
               | buildings then this one will be upgraded to a 3 story
               | building as well.
        
               | merrywhether wrote:
               | Someone who wants to demolish it and turn it into an
               | apartment building! That's literally the point of LVT:
               | incentivizing increasingly efficient usage of land in
               | high-value areas.
        
             | ForHackernews wrote:
             | If you're taxed on the value of the land, rather than the
             | value of the property built on top of that land, it
             | arguably incentivizes buying super-cheap exurban land and
             | planting massive McManisions on it.
             | 
             | Obviously in real life, people care about other things
             | besides just pure acreage, but you can see the argument.
        
               | taffer wrote:
               | If people only cared about land area, the distinction
               | between urban and non-urban land wouldn't even exist.
               | What makes urban land special is the infrastructure,
               | schools, workplaces, restaurants, cafes, theaters,
               | libraries. These things make a city a city. These things
               | promote density because people cluster around them.
               | 
               | As I explained in another comment[1], a property tax
               | discourages density and encourages sprawl. A land value
               | tax, on the other hand, does not have these adverse
               | effects on density because it taxes only the fixed supply
               | of land, not the variable supply of buildings.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28423428
        
             | neutronicus wrote:
             | Aspiring single-family home dwellers will go farther afield
             | in search of less-taxed land
        
               | thriftwy wrote:
               | Maybe they will go to smaller metropolitan area instead?
        
           | Lammy wrote:
           | Sprawling to where? It's an island
        
           | pydry wrote:
           | It would probably encourage less urban sprawl by driving more
           | efficient use of city center land and housing.
        
             | R0b0t1 wrote:
             | It depends. If owned land is converted for rent then the
             | LVT is passed on to the tenant. To avoid paying the LVT
             | tenants are incentivized to own, which may imply buying new
             | construction.
             | 
             | As population density increases, desirability increases,
             | and people may try investing with the goal of renting,
             | which with an LVT will more sharply decrease the
             | desirability of population density.
        
               | coryrc wrote:
               | Currently, the owner could rent out 2 units on the land
               | and break even. But really there could be 12 units there.
               | LVT raises the taxes as if there were 12 units. This will
               | bring the break-even point to renting out 6 units. The
               | owner has to either build out the property (increasing
               | supply, driving down rental prices), sell to someone who
               | will, or lose money.
               | 
               | That's also why there shouldn't be an exemption for first
               | home.
               | 
               | Obviously made up those numbers but hope you get the
               | idea.
        
               | taffer wrote:
               | > To avoid paying the LVT tenants are incentivized to own
               | 
               | LVT is paid by the owner of the land. That is the whole
               | point of a LVT, that you cannot avoid it.
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | On paper, yes, but it'll just get passed on to the
               | renter.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | On paper it will be passed to the renter. The owner of
               | the land obtains returns through rent seeking.
               | 
               | If he raises his rents to the maximum that renters are
               | willing to pay then the value of the land grows and he
               | has to pay more land value taxes. He actually cannot make
               | land more expensive. He can only make the land as
               | expensive as it already is.
               | 
               | Of course, it is entirely possible that the effective tax
               | burden on the tenant has risen in the process. For that
               | reason I would encourage the government to reduce income
               | taxes.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | Renters would pay the same rents they do now.
               | 
               | For some landlords that would cover their tax bill.
               | Others not so much.
               | 
               | It would precipitate a collapse in property values, but
               | not a rise in rents.
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | I must sincerely ask you if you read my original comment
               | and the person I am replying to:
               | 
               | As population density increases, desirability increases,
               | and people may try investing with the goal of renting,
               | which with an LVT will more sharply decrease the
               | desirability of population density.
               | 
               | An LVT can incentivize sprawl because all else equal the
               | LVT would ultimately be passed on to renters.
        
           | taffer wrote:
           | On the contrary, a land value tax is often proposed to
           | discourage sprawl. Since a land value tax is the same whether
           | you leave a lot vacant or build a single family home or a
           | multi family home, it encourages density and leads to less
           | sprawl.
        
         | inter_netuser wrote:
         | how is land value tax any different from a property tax that
         | all homeowners already pay?
         | 
         | If anything, it might end up being lower tax on residential
         | housing, and much higher on commercial/retail.
        
           | oftenwrong wrote:
           | Property tax increases when you improve the property, and
           | land value tax does not. Therefore, property tax creates a
           | disincentive to improve property, and land value tax creates
           | an incentive to improve property.
        
           | taffer wrote:
           | In contrast to the property tax, the land value tax only
           | taxes the value of the land, not the value of the buildings.
           | A land value tax is always the same regardless of whether the
           | land is undeveloped, a single-family house or an apartment
           | building. A property tax, on the other hand, encourages the
           | former and discourages the latter. A property tax encourages
           | urban sprawl, a land value tax does not.
        
       | ChrisLomont wrote:
       | So they want to make renting impossible? That surely won't help
       | low income people.
        
         | lifty wrote:
         | The Dutch system caters for that through the social housing
         | system. There are special companies that get permits to own
         | houses and rent them at cheap prices for disadvantaged groups.
        
           | ChrisLomont wrote:
           | Ah, so a government monopoly on a common part of markets.
           | Usually such action has downsides, in the same way rent
           | controls end up hurting renters.
        
           | ehou wrote:
           | In theory you are right. In practice this part of the system
           | is having problems too:                   - people who used
           | to move on to a larger house stay because of the increased
           | costs         - older houses are broken down and are replaced
           | by newer ones ... but due to building regulations fewer are
           | build at the same place         - due to stagnation in
           | outflow and decreased number of houses the waiting time for
           | getting a "social house" is increased by a ridiculous amount.
           | In Eindhoven it is more than 10 years - in theory. But due to
           | rules about preferred placement it's often way more.
        
       | alexbiet wrote:
       | The intervention is late, yet much needed. It's time to create
       | some rules for the greedy bankers too, they have been inflating
       | the housing bubble with massive amounts cheap debt for far too
       | long. Can't find a decent property for under EUR500K on the Dutch
       | market. And bear in mind not everyone has Tech salaries; you have
       | teachers, nurses, drivers, etc. on ~ EUR20K - EUR25K per annum
       | before taxes. They would be homeless without social housing or
       | homes passed on through generations.
       | 
       | Dutch properties listed for EUR350K-EUR400k are sold for +EUR50K
       | to +EUR100K OVER the asking price. To complete the property sale
       | prepare to put another EUR15K-EUR20K on the table for various
       | fees, taxes and middlemen. Unless you are a millionaire or be
       | willing to go deep into debt for 30 years and obliterate most of
       | your savings, sadly you have no chance at purchasing a home in
       | the Netherlands.
       | 
       | A home is a basic human utility (shelter), not a pump and dump
       | investment scheme. Making standard homes so expensive that most
       | people cannot afford is completely wrong and goes against
       | society. Property investors have many other options such as
       | investing in new property development, hotels for students, the
       | stock market, new businesses, Bitcoin, etc. Heck, it's time to
       | diversify.
        
       | tmnvix wrote:
       | The issue of housing affordability comes up a lot on HN and the
       | discussion often turns to a shortage of supply.
       | 
       | Often overlooked is the demand side of the supply and demand
       | equation. From my perspective (mostly familiar with the NZ/AU
       | markets), this is where the real problem lies.
       | 
       | Statistics New Zealand have collected data on the total number of
       | private residences and the total number of households since the
       | mid-90s. The difference between the two has almost doubled to
       | around 7.5% nationally. There are substantially more empty or
       | under-utilised residences in a time where every politician is
       | telling us that building more houses will fix the problem. It
       | won't. At best it will alleviate the problem.
       | 
       | Prosper Australia's Speculative Vacancies Report [0] (looking at
       | water usage to determine under-utilised properties) suggests
       | areas with high vacancy rates in Melbourne correlate with areas
       | where capital gains (i.e. percentage price increases) are
       | greatest. This is the opposite of what you would intuitively
       | expect in a naive supply and demand equation - desirable areas
       | have higher vacancy rates, even approaching 20% by their
       | reckoning.
       | 
       | A study in the UK [1] using council data found that high property
       | prices correlate strongly with what the study refers to as 'low
       | use properties' (LUPs).
       | 
       | I wouldn't be at all surprised if the situation is the same in
       | the Netherlands.
       | 
       | All of this suggests that demand for investment, not demand for
       | housing is driving prices up. Zoning restrictions and other
       | regulations do play a part, but I think in many cases their
       | influence on the larger picture is overstated. Cheap loans,
       | leverage, and favourable taxes make property a good investment.
       | 
       | The only solution is to make property investment less attractive.
       | A land value tax - though politically difficult - seems to me to
       | be a good option.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.prosper.org.au/wp-
       | content/uploads/2019/04/Specul... [1]
       | https://theodi.org/event/friday-lunchtime-lecture-empty-home...
        
       | option wrote:
       | why ban? why not tax more and/or restrict it to, say 10% of all
       | properties?
        
       | ralfn wrote:
       | I'm slightly annoyed with all the UK examples. This is about the
       | Netherlands.
       | 
       | The Dutch housing bubble consists of 4 factors:
       | 
       | - interest rate on mortgages has been tax deductible
       | 
       | - new developments are limited due to environmental
       | considerations
       | 
       | - it's the safest "on the books" wealth storage in all of Europe
       | (it has been a good investment since the 16th century)
       | 
       | - the Netherlands outclasses it's direct neighbours in quality of
       | life and urbanisation. It's #1 best location in the world to
       | raise children. This leads to many many people wanting to move to
       | the Netherlands. They are not coming for the jobs or our great
       | personalities (sarcasm) they come for the nice living conditions,
       | the great bicycle and public transit infrastructure. The great
       | roads. The good education. The livability of our towns and
       | cities. And we can't really scale it up further. It's all of the
       | country already. You can be in the middle of nowhere in Frisia
       | and jump on a lightrail or see a proper safe bike detour due to
       | some new construction. From small suburbia to big inner cities.
       | We really need Germany, Belgium and Denmark to step their game
       | up. Release some of the pressure. (PS. Denmark is actually
       | stepping up and will get there soon)
        
       | Flatcircle wrote:
       | They need to do this in most big cities TBH
        
       | supperburg wrote:
       | I can't read a clickbait article. It reminds me of when some
       | Swiss people wanted to use their power of direct democracy to put
       | a cap on CEO pay. The Swiss were smart enough to vote it down. If
       | every country had such a system, the world would quickly burst
       | into flames. And here we have some Dutch people who want to
       | nationalize housing development. Because without private
       | investors, there will be nobody else besides the government to
       | develop housing. The dutch and their government are exceptional
       | enough to make it work I would imagine. But a lesser government
       | would quickly turn nationalized housing into a disaster.
       | 
       | These people are angry at housing prices. Just wait a while
       | longer and the housing investors will all be experiencing
       | something much more painful than a government buyout and your
       | houses will be quite affordable. That the beauty of a free
       | market.
        
       | morpheos137 wrote:
       | The spirit of the idea makes sense but maybe not the
       | implementation. Homes should be occupied. I don't think a ban is
       | necessarily the right approach. Have a high vacancy tax.
       | 
       | The way houses have been turned into a speculatively appreciating
       | asset in much the world is absurd.
        
       | sega_sai wrote:
       | I think I mostly agree with this idea, but while removing pure
       | investors from the market may offer some (or significant) help,
       | however it still does not solve the mismatch between supply and
       | demand. I think the removal of investors will lower the demand,
       | but I think the mismatch will still exist in many places. And
       | proposing solutions for that is essential, i.e. either building
       | more or making it easier to work remotely etc.
        
       | rusteh1 wrote:
       | I don't understand how this would work. How do people rent?
       | Obviously many people can't or do not wish to own their house for
       | any number of reasons. Who will own houses that are rented? I
       | used to live in Amsterdam as an expat, and rented from a landlord
       | who owned several homes in Amsterdam. Would she not be able to
       | own and rent these homes under this scheme?
       | 
       | The social housing system seemed to be abused when I was there. I
       | had a number of Dutch friends still living in social housing
       | places they'd rented as students on very low incomes, and were
       | still renting 10 years later. For the same 300 euro per month,
       | when they were now earning 6-7000 euro/month. I could never
       | understand why this wasn't means tested continually.
        
         | em500 wrote:
         | > I could never understand why this wasn't means tested
         | continually.
         | 
         | They've started some degree of means testing a few years ago:
         | the maximum allowed rent increase on social/rent-controlled
         | houses can now depend on income. This was controversial
         | legislation for privacy reasons (it involves giving landlords
         | information about tenant incomes every year).
        
           | kingludite wrote:
           | Oh, I missed that one. It seems to me that income tax based
           | on rent would be more privacy preserving.
        
         | TomSwirly wrote:
         | > Obviously many people can't or do not wish to own their house
         | for any number of reasons
         | 
         | "Those reasons" being that the price of real estate in
         | Amsterdam has grown exponentially in recent years.
         | 
         | Some large but unknown number of apartments here have vanished
         | into private investments where no one lives or AirBNB etc where
         | no one lives for more than a few days.
         | 
         | If houses in Amsterdam were reserved for people _living_ in
         | Amsterdam, there would be a significant increase in supply, and
         | therefore a significant decrease in prices, which right now,
         | are such that your average Amsterdam worker can't live here.
         | 
         | > The social housing system seemed to be abused when I was
         | there.
         | 
         | Still is, but I see this as rational calculation on the part of
         | the Gemeente (municipality, these are much more powerful here).
         | 
         | Those apartments aren't palatial. Most of the time, people just
         | naturally move out, maybe a few years late, but why force
         | people onto the street when they're just getting started?
         | 
         | Some number of people do go on for years, but they calculate
         | that it's better to have a more relaxed system, not to cause
         | grief by going after a few freeloaders, and to spend their
         | efforts on building brand-new public housing.
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | I had to get over 30 years of NYC living when I moved here. But
         | the Gemeente is pretty smart. There's a reason for most
         | everything, often a good reason, and they are constantly
         | tuning.
         | 
         | Sure, I have complaints, but generally if I wonder why
         | something is there or what's going to happen in terms of public
         | works, I say, "What would a competent person do?" That almost
         | never worked in NYC.
         | 
         | ----
         | 
         | Did you know they're talking about banning cruise ships from
         | part of the river IJ, raising the river bed there by 4 meters
         | so they can put a bike path underneath it? And by gum, they
         | might just do that.
        
         | IkmoIkmo wrote:
         | This is one of those terribly myopic and symbolic policies that
         | the Netherlands (despite generally one of the best governed
         | countries in the world) keeps falling for.
         | 
         | Studies have shown over and over again that investors aren't
         | causing the price increases in the Netherlands. Prices won't
         | improve much.
         | 
         | Renting is going to take a beating, which is already an
         | extremely small sector in the Netherlands, among the smallest
         | in Europe. Remaining rental stock will be priced like crazy,
         | pushing everyone desperately into a decision to buy. Due to
         | systemic shortages that's not possible, exacerbating the gap
         | between haves (who bought) and have-nots (who must keep
         | renting).
         | 
         | Various studies have also shown a rental market is extremely
         | important for labour mobility. Transient workers can't just
         | move cities/regions in pursuit of jobs, when the rental market
         | is completely destroyed and the only alternative is to buy a
         | home and be stuck to that location for years (due to the
         | friction and transaction costs of buying over renting).
         | 
         | > Would she not be able to own and rent these homes under this
         | scheme?
         | 
         | She would, but she'd be unable to buy more off the market to
         | rent out, unless they were already buy-to-let stock previously.
         | 
         | > I could never understand why this wasn't means tested
         | continually.
         | 
         | Me neither. It seems like the least controversial thing that
         | the left and the right should have agreement over: rich people
         | not getting subsidised social housing. Things are getting
         | better though, there's now means testing and accelerated rental
         | price increases (up to a maximum) if your income is assessed as
         | too high. But the new policy still way, way too generous to a
         | class of rich people, while there's poor people waiting in line
         | for 10 years in Amsterdam.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | So the housing market is so inefficient that removing a
           | significant source of demand won't change prices?
           | 
           | That is an exceptional claim that requires exceptional
           | evidence.
        
             | IkmoIkmo wrote:
             | No, that's not the claim. There's waterbed effects. Buy-to-
             | let is done for the purpose of renting. If you take that
             | rental supply away, rental prices go up, and demand for
             | homes go up. Taking away buy-to-let demand thereby creates
             | other demand that buy-to-let was supplying. You're just
             | replacing the demand, not removing it.
        
               | skybrian wrote:
               | Could you spell out why this doesn't just move demand
               | around? Aren't the same number of people as before
               | looking for a place to live?
               | 
               | (I also don't know what you mean by "waterbed.")
        
             | missedthecue wrote:
             | New Zealand banned foreign buyers a couple years ago and
             | house prices are up 20-50% nationwide since then.
             | 
             | https://i.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/119636052/foreign-
             | buy...
             | 
             | The problem is that people chronically overestimate the
             | number of foreign buyers in the market. I can't find data
             | for the Netherlands online, but for other western nations,
             | it is around four or five percent of demand. Removing that
             | will have essentially no noticable impact on housing prices
             | as NZ has learned.
             | 
             | The advantage of a foreign ban is political in nature.
             | Foreigners can't vote in local elections, so politicians
             | lose very little, and the actual electorate is satisfied
             | that government is 'doing something' about the problem.
             | 
             | It's a no lose situation for the politician, but at best it
             | does nothing to reign in the issue of housing costs, and at
             | worst it fans the flames of xenophobia.
        
               | yread wrote:
               | Foreign investors account for more than half of total
               | real estate investment flows in the Netherlands, see page
               | 8
               | 
               | https://www.bouwinvest.nl/media/4305/bouwinvest-dutch-
               | real-e...
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | That is real estate investment flow. That's not the same
               | thing as housing. The graph you linked shows the majority
               | of the investment going into things like office space,
               | industrial real estate, retail, hotels, healthcare,
               | etc...
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | Foreign buyers isn't generally a problem on a national
               | level but on a city or neighborhood level where specific
               | areas are targets.
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | Even still, home prices have risen the fastest in
               | Auckland.
        
           | berkes wrote:
           | As above, you are presenting as a fact that investors aren't
           | causing increasing prices. And as above, that is both uncited
           | and, at the very least, a highly debatable 'fact'.
           | 
           | Even if not the only cause (is there ever just one isolated
           | cause in economics), investing certainly is a big part.
        
             | speleding wrote:
             | Basic economic theory says that the price is determined by
             | supply and demand. Investors buying house does not affect
             | supply or demand, since they will simply rent out the
             | house.
             | 
             | If you claim that investors are causing a significant price
             | increase then I think onus would be on you to cite a
             | source.
        
           | gpvos wrote:
           | Means testing would force medium-rich people to live on the
           | streets (or with their parents), since there are no rental
           | houses available between 700 and 1200 euro/month (that is,
           | between social housing and the liberalized sector), and not
           | all of them will be able to buy a home with the current
           | prices.
        
           | DoubleDerper wrote:
           | "Studies have shown over and over again that investors aren't
           | causing the price increases in the Netherlands"
           | 
           | Source(s), please.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | Sibling comment:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28425948
        
           | luckylion wrote:
           | > It seems like the least controversial thing that the left
           | and the right should have agreement over: rich people not
           | getting subsidised social housing.
           | 
           | The argument I've heard in Germany is that it's a good idea
           | to have more socially mixed housing projects, so people who
           | moved in as students are allowed to stay when they work full
           | time. Initially they had to pay an extra fee
           | ("Fehlbelegungsabgabe" = erroneous occupancy fee, but even
           | with that it was much cheaper than regular housing), which
           | was removed at some point.
        
         | jenscow wrote:
         | I live in social housing (in the UK), and could easily afford
         | to buy or rent non-social... and I was already in that
         | situation when my current tenancy started.
         | 
         | You could say I abuse it, and I agree in principal. However,
         | I'm only abusing it because social housing is scarce. The
         | solution is to build more, and I do my bit by voting for a
         | government that would probably do that.
         | 
         | If they ever decided to make it means tested, and my tenancy
         | was at risk, I would just buy the house.
        
           | IkmoIkmo wrote:
           | Making use of any scarce resource intended for the poor,
           | while you're rich, because it's so scarce, is beyond
           | backwards... I have trouble being generous and playing
           | devil's advocate because I simply can't see the argument
           | you're making.
        
             | jenscow wrote:
             | OK, I worded that very badly. I'm not using it _because_
             | they 're scarce. I mean to say:
             | 
             |  _The reason someone could say I 'm "abusing" it, is
             | because they're scarce._
             | 
             | They shouldn't be scarce, and they're not intended for just
             | poor people.
             | 
             | To be clear, I'm not here for financial reasons. In fact, I
             | would not object to paying more, if it meant putting more
             | in the pot for poorer households to benefit from.
        
         | Yaa101 wrote:
         | We had housing cooperation's for a century until they were
         | forced by consecutive right wing governments to sell their
         | houses, and thus ruining a system that was well working, except
         | for rich friends of the right wing government to speculate with
         | the housing system, which is taking place now.
        
           | kingludite wrote:
           | And before that we had _woningbouw verenigingen_. Non profits
           | ran by their tenants. Something like: God fearing church
           | goers wouldn 't stand for hard working newly wed couples not
           | getting a home.
        
             | Yaa101 wrote:
             | We are talking about the same... I said cooperation's, not
             | corporations.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | One of the dumbest things to do with government owned land is
           | to sell it. You get a quick injection of cash and then the
           | money runs out just as quickly. Meanwhile the land keeps
           | going up in value forcing the government to subsidize housing
           | for low income earners. If the government kept the land it
           | could lease it out at reasonable rates and have an ongoing
           | income stream.
        
         | user568439 wrote:
         | I guess this is only for new sales. The point is that there is
         | plenty of people wanting to buy a home in Netherlands, they
         | just can't pay the same price as investors. With this law the
         | seller will have to lower the price till some person who wants
         | to live there can afford it
        
         | arp242 wrote:
         | This is called _scheefwonen_ - which roughly translates to
         | "crooked living" - and has been a point of attention for
         | several decades at least, more or less as long as I can
         | remember.
         | 
         | It's a bit of a difficult problem, because you don't really
         | want to kick people out of their house just because they have a
         | better-paying job, and especially in the current climate these
         | people don't really have anywhere to go; EUR7k people will
         | probably manage, but EUR4k/month will have a harder time
         | finding something affordable.
        
           | IkmoIkmo wrote:
           | I agree that evictions is an extreme measure and to be used
           | as a last resort. I think it should be part of the policy
           | instruments to be used, under the right circumstances. e.g.
           | if you make 1.5x the wage that would give you a right to a
           | social home, averaged over 3 years, then you get a 2 year
           | period to move out.
           | 
           | That means you won't move out until 5 years after you've
           | started earning more, and if your earnings were temporarily
           | high, you get to stay. But if you're consistently earning a
           | ton, you have to leave.
           | 
           | That's not so crazy considering that there's people who're
           | low-income on a 10y waiting list for the home you'd be
           | occupying, there has to be a mechanism that makes you have to
           | leave. Yes it's hard to find something great at 3-4k, but
           | it's even harder for someone at 2k who's 'spot' you're
           | occupying. That could be limited to 5 years.
           | 
           | Everyone has a hard time finding a place, but why are some
           | rich getting subsidised indefinitely at the expense of some
           | poor?
           | 
           | But apart from evictions, I've never understood why we can't
           | simply have dynamic rental rates adjusted to the market rate.
           | I know people who live in Zuid for 500 a month in a home
           | that's 1500 market rate, and their household income is 3x the
           | average. Why can they not be made to pay 1500 to the social
           | housing association? When they move out, the home reverts
           | back to the subsidised rate for a low-income family.
           | 
           | I understand this can't be done on old contracts with no
           | contractual clauses that make this possible, contracts are
           | contracts after all. But we've had this situation for many
           | years, and new contracts still allow the possibility of
           | consequence-free scheefwonen. That's pretty absurd to me.
        
         | 734129837261 wrote:
         | Designations. That's how. Some houses are built and intended to
         | be rented out to people. These houses are constructed entirely
         | by companies (or people) for that purpose alone.
         | 
         | Other houses are meant to be for purchase, and purchase only.
         | If you purchase a house like this and then rent it out, that
         | should be considered breaking the intended designation.
         | 
         | So if you as an individual want to own multiple houses to rent
         | out, you need to find houses with that designation and that are
         | for sale. Alternatively, you need to find ground with the
         | "rental housing"-designation and build a house or multiple
         | houses on there.
         | 
         | You can do this in a collective of individuals, too.
         | 
         | And people who currently own multiple houses that were not
         | meant to be rented out (but are rented out to other people)
         | would need, by law, to either sell those properties (the
         | current renter should get the first option on the house's
         | current market value price).
         | 
         | And honestly, I feel that the people renting houses that were
         | never meant for rental should get a discount. And that discount
         | should come out of the pockets of the government.
         | 
         | And yes, I'm a Dutch citizen. I know that means my tax money is
         | going to help these people buy their houses a little cheaper at
         | my expense. I'm fine with that as it would create a healthier
         | housing market for everyone. That's exactly what my tax money
         | is for.
        
           | TacticalCoder wrote:
           | > These houses are constructed entirely by companies (or
           | people) for that purpose alone.
           | 
           | So private companies are allowed to engage in rent-seeking
           | behavior but individuals aren't?
        
             | Ensorceled wrote:
             | What individuals are you talking about that are not covered
             | by '(or people)'?
        
             | 734129837261 wrote:
             | People can make companies. You know that, right?
        
           | IkmoIkmo wrote:
           | > And people who currently own multiple houses that were not
           | meant to be rented out (but are rented out to other people)
           | would need, by law, to either sell those properties (the
           | current renter should get the first option on the house's
           | current market value price).
           | 
           | What is the 'would need' referring to, your ideal situation,
           | current law, or proposed law? If it's any of the last two, I
           | don't think you're correct but I'd be happy to read any
           | references you may have to substantiate this.
        
           | rusteh1 wrote:
           | Thanks. What if I purchase a home, to live in. Then I take a
           | job overseas and move for 2-3 years. Must I sell the house
           | rather than rent it out on a short term basis?
        
             | IkmoIkmo wrote:
             | No.
             | 
             | For homes purchased after January 1st, you can still get a
             | license to temporary rent out the home. But you'll need to
             | have lived in the home yourself for at least 1 year.
             | Temporary rentals can be done for 2 years at the moment,
             | and extended once more, I assume the same would apply under
             | the new law. So the 2-3 years could be covered.
             | 
             | Existing ownership isn't affected, as far as I know. This
             | only would apply to new transactions.
        
             | winkelwagen wrote:
             | There are special rules for that specific scenarios. As
             | long if you don't live in the Netherlands yourself and it
             | is the only property you own
        
               | ponow wrote:
               | Markets don't need exceptions, they adapt. With
               | property/price/rent controls, it comes down to a
               | committee of "experts" or it becomes effectively closer
               | to community property with the tragedy of the commons.
               | IMO, reduce the restrictions on new development and
               | creative use, e.g., by cutting back on zoning to allow
               | higher density development and reduce the ability of
               | neighbors to stop development of neighbor properties (due
               | to aesthetic or other concerns). Building codes and
               | regulations shouldn't protect the consumer from himself,
               | but rather protect the physical safety of adjacent
               | properties. But it's too often used as an excuse to limit
               | competition and preserve the privilege of the early
               | entrants.
               | 
               | We also need to acknowledge that cities inevitably
               | increase in density, which necessarily means apartments,
               | etc. Protecting single-family residences near city
               | centers is a subsidy to them that we should not pay any
               | longer.
        
               | einpoklum wrote:
               | "Adapt"? They've "adapted" by milking Amsterdam tenants
               | dry for many years already.
               | 
               | And the "tragedy of the commons" is essentially a red-
               | Herring fallacy. It is perhaps valid at the most in a
               | free-for-all rather than a commons. Where you have a
               | commons, you have relations between the users of the
               | common resources, and social structures for decision
               | making about sharing and use, which prevent depletion of
               | resources.
               | 
               | See also:
               | 
               | https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/the-anarchist-
               | faq-ed...
        
           | vwoolf wrote:
           | So the solution to government interference in the market (by
           | preventing adequate building from occurring) is yet more
           | interference, and that interference will by fiat somehow
           | lower prices, but without dramatically increasing supply.
           | 
           | What could possibly go wrong??
        
             | 734129837261 wrote:
             | The government isn't preventing anything, it's a free
             | market. The only thing that needs to change is to prevent
             | companies from buying houses meant to be sold for ownership
             | who then rent them out instead. That is working against the
             | people. The law would work for the people.
        
       | reacharavindh wrote:
       | I may be biased because I moved recently to the Netherlands and
       | looking to buy our first home and stop paying rent.
       | 
       | But, the house prices are crazy out here. I work in tech and my
       | wife is an academic. We earn what is definitely above market
       | average, and it looks like we cannot afford most houses we find
       | in the area where we are renting now(well outside Amsterdam).
       | 
       | At this juncture, at least temporarily, investors who are looking
       | to buy up properties and make money out of it need to be stopped
       | by regulations. This is for the greater good. Investors can
       | always find other avenues to invest. But, people need reasonable
       | housing prices.
        
         | vishnugupta wrote:
         | While buying the house in early 2019 I consulted Woz portal and
         | saw that the price (of the house I was planning to buy) had
         | increased 300% over ~8 year period. A constant lunch table
         | discussion used to be how crazy housing prices were even back
         | in 2018-19. So the market was already hot even before the
         | pandemic, but now it's reached mania levels!
        
         | akudha wrote:
         | This is becoming a problem in farmlands too. Young farmers are
         | unable to buy farmlands, they are forced to lease from huge
         | landowners. It is zero risk investment for these big
         | landowners. Farmers do all the work, put in all the investment
         | like tools (except the land) - landowners simply collect rent.
         | Some of these people own hundreds of thousands of acres (Bill
         | Gates, for example).
         | 
         | This is an ugly situation. This is not sustainable. At some
         | point, we'd have a few hundred super wealthy
         | people/corporations owning much of the desirable land and
         | property. Everyone else would become just a peasant/tenant
         | living in tiny apartments working all our lives just so we can
         | have a tiny roof over our heads. This isn't hyperbole - one
         | look at BlackRock should give us an idea in the direction this
         | problem is going.
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | Oh, I know! We can give them the land for free, but instead
           | we get to collect a tax on their produce. Of course they
           | cannot leave this arrangement without immediately paying for
           | all the land.
           | 
           | I think we can call these people serfs.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28424989
        
             | cutler wrote:
             | The same applies to the whole rented sector. We're all
             | serfs.
        
               | xunn0026 wrote:
               | Luckily Apple only wants 30% for selling an app your
               | customer cannot otherwise load on their phone or table.
        
           | arp242 wrote:
           | This kind of system was sustained for thousands of years in
           | many different cultures, so I wouldn't exactly call it
           | unsustainable. I would very much call it ugly and undesirable
           | though.
           | 
           | My point here is that there is no guarantee that this will be
           | solved just because it's "unsustainable". I don't understand
           | why people aren't literally protesting on the street; we did
           | so in the 70s and 80s ("geen woning geen kroning") and the
           | situation was a lot less bad back then.
        
         | agilob wrote:
         | I'm in Wales and house prices in Amsterdam look incredibly low
         | for better build quality and higher living standard.
        
         | charlesdm wrote:
         | The result of years of low interest rate policies.
        
       | einpoklum wrote:
       | Title is inaccurate. It should read:
       | 
       | > Dutch cities want to ban property investors from buying some
       | kinds of apartments in some or all neighborhoods
       | 
       | I'm all for this. However, it is insufficient, because small-
       | scale property investors may not be considered as such, but as
       | buying an apartment for a family member or a friend etc. Or they
       | will just "lend" money to someone to buy the apartment.
       | 
       | Generally, the situation in which individuals have full ownership
       | of apartments or houses other than those they live in is
       | problematic.
        
       | macawfish wrote:
       | Refreshing to see this conversation play out while the silicon
       | valley neoliberals are fast asleep. I want this in my city.
       | People in my life are _struggling_ to keep up with housing
       | prices. It 's obscene.
        
       | bamboozled wrote:
       | Wish they'd do this in the town I'm residing, so many houses are
       | vacant, it's really hard to find something to buy, its very
       | annoying.
        
       | timwaagh wrote:
       | I'm very unhappy about this. It won't be possible to buy a
       | reasonable retirement income anymore and all the profits of the
       | property sector will flow toward those deep pocketed property
       | firms who have the right political connections to get permits. I
       | think the governments just want to work us till we either reach a
       | much extended retirement age or die from depression (which you
       | can be euthanized for here). I'll be fighting to get a second
       | property in the coming months to rent out.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | If you are buying to rent in the Dutch market, and you are not
         | part of the royal family, or a Black Rock fund you are making a
         | big mistake. You are in a legal environment where you will not
         | be able to evict a non paying tenant for several years. If
         | there are children in the picture or a divorce you will have
         | even more serious problems. The Belastingen will come after
         | your earnings plus, you are likely to be victim of a legal
         | environment biased to puritanical inspired laws, that try to
         | hit back at anybody trying to get ahead of their neighbors in
         | the same street. In other words, there are strong forces to
         | make you get back to conformity, on what is a very homogeneous
         | society. You will be taking on a huge amount of risk that
         | normally only professional well funded investors are able to
         | weather.
        
           | TacticalMalice wrote:
           | Eviction is already possible after 3 months of not paying
           | rents (and sometimes after 2 months if there's a history of
           | non-payment). The landlord has to get a court order, which is
           | commonly granted.
           | 
           | Minors will be placed in foster care if they cannot be placed
           | elsewhere.
           | 
           | Taxes on earnings depend on how you structure your work. They
           | are usually in "box 3" where taxes are based on fictitious
           | returns on investment as a percentage of total wealth and
           | (fictitious) asset class.
           | 
           | That said, law-makers are a significant source of uncertainty
           | and risk.
        
             | belter wrote:
             | Well not at the moment to start with:
             | 
             | "Government rules that tenants cannot be evicted during
             | corona crisis"
             | 
             | https://www.iamexpat.nl/housing/real-estate-
             | news/government-...
             | 
             | Also tenants can sign contract with you ( as landlord) and
             | immediately go to the Huur Commissie and argue their rent
             | is too high. So it will be lowered if they first signed a
             | different contract with the landlord.
             | 
             | https://www.huurcommissie.nl/
             | 
             | Concerning what you seem to describe as a very smooth
             | process I have strong doubts. If a tenant lawyer argues
             | there is a temporary situation with the family, children
             | take priority etc...A Dutch judge will not ignore all that,
             | and simply take the major step of putting children under
             | foster care, if the landlord does not need the house to
             | live there himself. Specially taking into account the dire
             | situation of foster care in the Netherlands:
             | 
             | "The decline in foster parents means that the Netherlands
             | is facing a shortage. According to Foster Care Netherlands,
             | 3,500 foster families are needed each year. Last year there
             | were only 2,566. Currently over 700 children are waiting
             | for a place in a family..."
             | 
             | https://nltimes.nl/2020/01/09/many-foster-parents-quit-
             | lack-...
             | 
             | I know a landlord who waited 2 years. Just a data point I
             | would agree, but I strongly doubt its the smooth process
             | you describe.
        
               | TacticalMalice wrote:
               | > "Government rules that tenants cannot be evicted during
               | corona crisis"
               | 
               | The above is an agreement between several housing
               | cooperations/companies and the ministry. It is not a law
               | and eviction orders due to backpay have still been
               | granted after June 2020, when access to the courts opened
               | up again for these cases.
               | 
               | And yes, judges will consider the interests of all
               | parties. In the case where a judge won't grant an
               | eviction, the tenant will be ordered to pay missed rent.
               | 
               | > Also tenants can sign contract with you ( as landlord)
               | and immediately go to the Huur Commissie and argue their
               | rent is too high. So it will be lowered if they first
               | signed a different contract with the landlord.
               | 
               | This is only possible for social housing (based on the
               | point system), so this shouldn't come as a surprise for
               | the landlord. This is also a reason to avoid renting out
               | social housing.
               | 
               | The only thing during COVID that's affecting most
               | landlords is that rent increase is maximized. Considering
               | that employees are supported via their employer's NOW-
               | subsidy, I don't buy the argument for this maximization
               | for people that still have jobs. Another benefit to
               | offering only temporary contracts.
               | 
               | > I know a landlord who waited 2 years.
               | 
               | Waited two years before getting an order, or only
               | successfully getting an order after two years?
        
       | debarshri wrote:
       | This move is well appreciated. Currently, I own a house in
       | oudegracht, Utrecht. It is very terrible situation here. All the
       | apartments in and around me are all the time rented out as
       | airbnb. During peak of pandemic, it was pretty much a ghost town.
       | 
       | The housing prices have skyrocketed due to covid, but all these
       | all-cash investor are jumping and swooping in the apartments,
       | holding it for a while and passing it to the next person. Some of
       | the people, even have to pay around 50k euros over the asking
       | price to buy it.
       | 
       | Because of the rising prices, the annual property tax to be paid
       | also increases dramatically. People blame the low interest rate,
       | but based on what I am seeing and heard from other people, it is
       | investors all over the globe investing in properties in
       | Amsterdam, Utrecht, Rotterdam etc.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | It's not just the investors. It's literally everyone.
        
         | chii wrote:
         | > People blame the low interest rate
         | 
         | it is the interest rate - because the price of property is
         | related to the cost of money (aka, interest rate).
         | 
         | Investors are merely looking for returns, with as low risk as
         | possible. When property is priced low compared to the rate, you
         | must expect this to happen.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | >it is the interest rate - because the price of property is
           | related to the cost of money (aka, interest rate).
           | 
           | You can manufacture more cars and houses as you get more
           | money. It clearly is related to the fact that land yields a
           | risk free return regardless of what you use to price it.
           | 
           | In that sense money and land is an NRA. A non reproducible
           | asset. Low interest rates break the NRA property of money
           | which is perfectly ok if inflation is also low. Rather than
           | holding onto money unproductively they simply switch to
           | holding land unproductively. The solution is to introduce a
           | holding fee onto land.
        
         | IkmoIkmo wrote:
         | > All the apartments in and around me are all the time rented
         | out as airbnb. During peak of pandemic, it was pretty much a
         | ghost town.
         | 
         | What you mention around Airbnb shouldn't be addressed through a
         | buy-to-let ban, but an airbnb or short-term rental ban, which
         | already exists in various forms. If there's problems with
         | enforcement, address that. The ghost-town you described
         | happened regardless of airbnb but due to literal lockdown
         | measures that affected everyone, in particular the local
         | population, you don't see the effect anymore despite tourists
         | still largely staying away.
         | 
         | > Because of the rising prices, the annual property tax to be
         | paid also increases dramatically.
         | 
         | No that's not correct. Typically Dutch municipalities tax based
         | on what they need. If they need 1 million, they'd charge 1% of
         | 100 in property values, or 2% of 50 million in property values.
         | Price increases don't translate into higher property taxes.
         | 
         | You can see a video of how Utrecht does it, on their own
         | website: https://bghu.nl/belasting/ozb
         | 
         | In fact, in Utrecht property tax rates decreased by about 22%
         | in the past 6 years, due to increasing home prices.
         | 
         | Of course there is inflation, in absolute terms the number is
         | increasing. But what you're describing isn't happening. I own a
         | home in Utrecht, too.
         | 
         | Many studies in the Netherlands have shown investors aren't the
         | cause of the price increases, I don't think this policy will
         | solve things. It'll just relieve some pressure on the buying
         | market and put extra pressure on the rental market.
         | 
         | > People blame the low interest rate
         | 
         | Yes, these people are economists, including the Dutch Central
         | Bank, the AFM, every bank, every professor, in countless
         | studies. The effect is clear and obvious.
        
           | rhacker wrote:
           | > Airbnb shouldn't be addressed through a buy-to-let ban, but
           | an airbnb or short-term rental ban, which already exists in
           | various forms
           | 
           | Airbnb is probably paying off various government officials
           | around the world to make sure the laws are friendly to them.
        
             | IkmoIkmo wrote:
             | Well, I'm sure this is true for every industry.
             | Nonetheless, in the Netherlands the law is 30 days per year
             | max, that law has been around for years, and penalties are
             | heavy. The Amsterdam municipality is laserfocussed on
             | enforcement (which is difficult) and has been making plenty
             | of headway.
        
       | finikytou wrote:
       | why not banning foreign buyers first. then corporations. homes
       | should be for the people. it should be cheaper to acquire a home
       | u live in than an home u buy to speculate/rent. And the
       | difference should be way higher than a few % tax more
        
         | ginko wrote:
         | >it should be cheaper to acquire a home u live in than an home
         | u buy to speculate/rent. And the difference should be way
         | higher than a few % tax more
         | 
         | At least in Norway your primary home is exempt from property
         | tax. I guess that's one reason why we have a home ownership
         | rate of over 80%.
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | It seems there intent is to reduce the number of people who buy
         | property just for investments, and then potentially sit on
         | empty property waiting for opportunities. Banning foreign
         | buyers would just do that, banning foreign buyers, which does
         | not seem to be their intent. Even Dutch people buy property and
         | just sit on it, like what happens in other countries as well.
         | 
         | Not sure how focusing on if someone is Dutch or not will help
         | the situation, compared to banning speculative property
         | investment as a whole instead.
        
           | mission_failed wrote:
           | I'd like to see data on who can afford to sit on an empty
           | property. I've heard of Chinese money trying to avoid Chinese
           | government crackdowns or really rich families who refuse to
           | sell empty houses, I don't see how the average investor could
           | afford it.
        
           | raffraffraff wrote:
           | Absentee landlords were notorious for allowing their Irish
           | tenant's properties and amenities decay, while continuing to
           | extracting rent. Yet back at home they were known as
           | philanthropists who gave generously to "their own" poor
           | houses and churches. People tend to care whether or not they
           | are judged poorly, but only by peers and neighbours.
           | 
           | It may not make any difference who the investor is, but then
           | again it may. Also, if the investor is resident, could there
           | be other ways to ensure that they are not simply wringing
           | every cent out of their investment with no reinvestment?
        
         | throwaway6734 wrote:
         | Won't this result in higher rent prices for those that don't
         | have the funds or interest in purchasing property?
        
       | WouterZ wrote:
       | I've been looking at buying a bigger home than the current one I
       | own. It's near impossible as prices keep on going up. Very
       | disapppinted that cities have to arrange this - it means that
       | some cities won't yet introduce anything.
       | 
       | I can already see investors swooping into those markets without
       | the ban... i.e. Haarlem where I live will be among them.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | We'd need to look at demand versus supply, including new builds
         | before we can point the finger at "investors", which may be
         | convenient but not necessarily useful.
         | 
         | Ultimately, market forces are what they are. If demand exceeds
         | supply then some people will always miss out.
         | 
         | There is also the problem of the amount of liquidity available.
         | Since 2008 and even more since Covid mountains of cash have
         | been created at zero interest rate and that partly explains
         | assets' price inflation.
         | 
         | Let's also not forget that many people cannot afford to buy,
         | and don't want to for whatever reason, so decimating the
         | private letting sector is not great, either, and will only
         | cause rents to skyrocket.
        
           | jlokier wrote:
           | Rents have already skyrocketed while the private residential
           | letting sector is thriving.
           | 
           | It's not clear at all that changing the market forces to
           | increase access to ownership by occupiers would lead to
           | increasing rents, even with reduced supply of rentable
           | properties.
           | 
           | At the moment, a lot of tenants would rather buy if they
           | could, and are paying the same or more in rent than they
           | would pay on an equivalent mortgage, plus rents are rising
           | faster than a mortgage would if they had one. Rents are also
           | rising faster than their salaries. So they would gain
           | location stability and financial stability by owning, but
           | they can't get a mortgage. Mortgages, like anything in a
           | competitive market, are preferentially offered to the best-
           | looking customers, and property speculators are better-
           | looking than ordinary working folks struggling to make ends
           | meet on their current and rising rent.
           | 
           | If those people could buy properties like the ones they are
           | currently renting, rentable supply would go down. But demand
           | would also go down by the same amount, and mostly from those
           | competing to pay the higher end of rents currently. I think
           | this would reduce average asking rents for the remaining
           | tenants.
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | The proposal is to ban investors from buying more
             | properties, it is not to increase access to ownership. If
             | anything the effect is more likely to reduce supply than to
             | increase it.
             | 
             | Those who are already able to buy may benefit, but that's
             | about it.
             | 
             | Again, a big part of the problem is also the mountain of
             | free money in the market.
        
       | avsteele wrote:
       | What's the deal with landlord hate?
       | 
       | If I buy a lawnmower, pool, or whatever else and rent it out you
       | all are ok with that.
       | 
       | If I buy a house and rent it out suddenly I'm an "enemy of the
       | people".
        
         | logicchains wrote:
         | Most leftists are driven by envy; they see someone else has
         | something they can't afford, and they feel rage. They can't
         | afford multiple houses, so seeing people with multiple houses
         | triggers this feeling. Fundamentally it's because they're so
         | ego-driven they can't accept the market rewards people fairly,
         | because doing so would require accepting that someone else
         | deserves those houses more than they do.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | I want to become a landlords and I do not want to think about
           | the moral implications of rent seeking. If the government
           | simply taxed the unfair gains I received through rent seeking
           | then I would have no moral qualms about other landlords. I
           | would be very happy to pay land value taxes if that is what
           | it takes to make free market capitalism fair again.
           | 
           | I do not envy Jeff Bezoz for owning $200 billion in stocks. I
           | do not envy Bill Gates for owning Microsoft. I consider Bill
           | Gates accumulating farmland without paying a tax to
           | compensate for his monopoly rights to be a form of extortion
           | that should not be allowed.
           | 
           | >Most leftists are driven by envy; they see someone else has
           | something they can't afford, and they feel rage.
           | 
           | I don't.
           | 
           | > They can't afford multiple houses, so seeing people with
           | multiple houses triggers this feeling.
           | 
           | I am always in favor of a land value tax that taxes home
           | owners and large scale investors at the same rate. The reason
           | why I have to make a concession to primary residences is that
           | home owners would vote against the tax and the land value tax
           | wouldn't be introduced at all.
           | 
           | >Fundamentally it's because they're so ego-driven they can't
           | accept the market rewards people fairly,
           | 
           | How can abusing the monopoly of location be considered a fair
           | reward? You are distorting the market.
           | 
           | > because doing so would require accepting that someone else
           | deserves those houses more than they do.
           | 
           | No, it's the opposite. You can buy the land 30 years ago and
           | let the property on top sit vacant and still net a return
           | because the value of the land has risen. Such an investor
           | made a lot of money without deserving the land at all. If
           | land had a holding fee then only those who can extract the
           | most value out of the land would seek it out.
        
             | avsteele wrote:
             | This doesn't make much sense to me.
             | 
             | Considering the high degree of competition in ~all rental
             | markets, claims of monopoly are unfounded.
             | 
             | Returns on capital for land-owning businesses aren't higher
             | than other sectors.
             | 
             | In the US in particular, we have ludicrisly large amounts
             | of space. Even in our most expensive areas we don't
             | approach the density of places like Hong Kong. Scarcity, as
             | usual, is due to government fiat.
        
       | dt3ft wrote:
       | This is the only right way to deal with greed. Enough is enough.
        
         | tellersid wrote:
         | Greedy? Not me. Always the other guy that is greedy.
         | 
         | The irony is there is such high probability with posting on
         | this board you are part of the top 1% of the globe when it
         | comes to wealth.
        
           | sumedh wrote:
           | > you are part of the top 1% of the globe when it comes to
           | wealth.
           | 
           | So what, what do you want the person to do, go live in a hut?
           | 
           | How is that person greedy compared to people with multiple
           | houses?
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | >How is that person greedy compared to people with multiple
             | houses?
             | 
             | They're greedy because they think the world owes them cheap
             | housing just by virtue of being born. The person who owns
             | multiple houses actually did some work to earn the money to
             | pay for them, they're not the one eyeing other people's
             | property with envy.
        
               | noahtallen wrote:
               | The problem here is that, in general, you don't get to
               | own multiple houses by being a hard worker. You could be
               | an extremely hard worker, but not make very much money.
               | You could be very lazy and make loads of money. The
               | reality is that the housing market is on a trajectory
               | where most people cannot and will not be able to afford
               | ownership, even for white collar jobs. Wages do not go up
               | quickly for most folks either, so the cost of acquiring a
               | house relative to your income continues to rise.
               | 
               | More specifically, say you enter society making $80k in a
               | major city. You're young, so this is normal. At this
               | point in time, a house is not an option, because a
               | mortgage would require $100k in savings. And if the
               | housing market continues increasing like it has the past
               | few years, that amount keeps going up. For most people,
               | the rate that house prices go up is quicker than the rate
               | they can save towards a down payment.
               | 
               | It's important to note that a quickly accelerating
               | housing market is EXTREMELY beneficial for investors. It
               | creates a feedback loop which makes investments more
               | common, which makes the prices go up further. Spending
               | $400k this year and selling for $500k next year is an
               | excellent investment opportunity.
               | 
               | Is it greedy to think that one deserves a home? Likely
               | not. Is it greedy to make some extra money via property
               | investment? Maybe sometimes, maybe not. The point isn't
               | that property investment is inherently bad, but that
               | property investment is pricing most people out of the
               | housing market.
               | 
               | As a hypothetical, would you like to live in a society
               | where homes are not accessible for 90% of people? I
               | personally do not want to live in a society where housing
               | is extremely scarce. That's a recipe for societal
               | upheaval. If property investment is making the market
               | spiral out of control, which it likely is, it benefits
               | most people to curtail that problem.
        
         | snemvalts wrote:
         | Greed is innate to humans and you can't even take it away with
         | communism, people will still find a way to collect and hoard.
         | The problem is the low interest rates from central banks
         | flooding the economy with money.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | If you raise interest rates then people hoard money. How does
           | that solve anything?
        
           | arvinsim wrote:
           | That's not an excuse. Lots of undesirable traits are also
           | innate like violence, tribalism, etc. Does that mean we give
           | those a free pass?
        
             | mcv wrote:
             | Exactly. We've got laws to mitigate or redirect any harmful
             | innate traits that we've got. Greed, like violence, is
             | definitely among them.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >Exactly. We've got laws to mitigate or redirect any
               | harmful innate traits that we've got. Greed, like
               | violence, is definitely among them.
               | 
               | And what about envy? That's clearly a big problem among
               | commenters in this thread.
        
               | WealthVsSurvive wrote:
               | It's not. You're mistaking the will to live and prosper
               | with envy. People are correctly identifying all across
               | the world that centers of power and capital are
               | objectively worsening their lives, and they are taking
               | action against them in their own, perfectly justified
               | self-interest. The difference between that desire and
               | greed is that greed cannibalizes the existence of others
               | to sustain its own existence. No one is confused. We're
               | seeing a revolutionary period approaching that will be
               | comparable to "The Enlightenment." Let's hope it happens
               | because I think the unavoidable alternative is 1000 years
               | of darkness, another longer, world dark-age.
        
           | capableweb wrote:
           | Some greed might be innate, but what we're seeing today with
           | billionaires is not normal greed, it's extreme greed,
           | something me (and many others) don't think is innate.
           | 
           | And where does "communism" come from? No one mentioned it
           | here on HN nor in the article. People are so quick to label
           | things, even if they are not even related.
           | 
           | In this case, Dutch people seems to had enough of expensive
           | prices so now they are on the lookout for a solution. Just
           | because this solution involves the government stepping in to
           | adjust the market, doesn't mean that the Dutch government is
           | suddenly "communist".
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | I don't think it is greed. Rather, money and real estate
             | has become a status symbol. It's just as dumb as trucks and
             | SUVs being a status symbol among the middle class.
        
             | globular-toast wrote:
             | > what we're seeing today with billionaires is not normal
             | greed, it's extreme greed
             | 
             | No, it's normal greed and, if anything, inequality is lower
             | now than it has been in the past. What we have today is
             | fat, comfortable people looking at billionaires and
             | screaming greed because the billionaire has a yacht while
             | they only have 3 cars and one massive house. Who's the
             | greedy one here?
        
               | mejutoco wrote:
               | I was looking for data for inequality per country (https:
               | //en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_income_...
               | ).
               | 
               | What location and timeline are you thinking of for now
               | being less inequal? Do you have a data source I could
               | look into? Cheers
               | 
               | Edit: grammar
        
               | globular-toast wrote:
               | Data of current inequality isn't very useful. I don't
               | have any data, but I wasn't the one claiming things were
               | more extreme now than they have been in the past. If I
               | look at the UK I see even the poorest people have
               | shelter, food and free access to healthcare. In the past
               | the poorest people were literally starving and in very
               | poor health while the richest lived in huge manor houses
               | that would make even a billionaire blush today.
        
               | mejutoco wrote:
               | > if anything, inequality is lower now than it has been
               | in the past
               | 
               | So, sorry for rephrasing it, your claim is that the
               | poorest have better conditions than before (I don't know
               | if that is the case), not that inequality has decreased.
               | It is an interesting point.
        
               | cutler wrote:
               | There are plenty of people starving in the UK. Food banks
               | can't keep up with demand. There are also the "new
               | homeless" who once had stable jobs but are now part of
               | the gig economy. Some are out on the street but most are
               | couch surfing somewhere.
        
               | chownie wrote:
               | > What we have today is fat, comfortable people looking
               | at billionaires and screaming greed because the
               | billionaire has a yacht while they only have 3 cars and
               | one massive house. Who's the greedy one here?
               | 
               | This is the weirdest straw man, isn't the entire point of
               | the issue that no one can afford housing? What are you
               | even talking about?
        
             | arvinsim wrote:
             | Sadly, it is inculcated in modern capitalism that anything
             | is permissible as long as "it is just business"
        
         | logicchains wrote:
         | > This is the only right way to deal with greed. Enough is
         | enough.
         | 
         | How about dealing with envy? Seems you've sure got plenty of
         | that.
        
       | reacharavindh wrote:
       | Perhaps relevant to this discussion. Another article on the same
       | website from 7 days ago.
       | 
       | https://nltimes.nl/2021/08/29/us-investor-blackstone-accused...
       | 
       | Cant help but think, may be this is some form of insider trading
       | by the wealthy - buy up apartments before such a regulation comes
       | into place?
        
       | Ekaros wrote:
       | I think real solution is to increase governmental supply. That is
       | push market rates so much down that only marginal gains from
       | property could be gained. Let's say 2% year... Property shouldn't
       | really appreciate very much over time.
        
         | tellersid wrote:
         | In the US at least though I believe zoning is the issue.
         | 
         | Our zoning laws are so bad and it is so hard to add to supply
         | that no one really bothers much.
         | 
         | There are all kinds of dislocations in the market because what
         | you should see right now is massive amounts of home building
         | but you do not. 15 minutes away from me there is a ton of open
         | land that could practically be built into a entire new town. I
         | would imagine the larger the project the more bullshit you have
         | to deal with when it comes to permits, zoning, political
         | pushback, palms that need grease.
         | 
         | If you compare the work, risk/reward to alternative investments
         | like just holding the stock market index it becomes a bad
         | investment so it doesn't get made.
         | 
         | We have all these self reinforcing distortions happening in the
         | market that probably can't be fixed.
        
       | smashah wrote:
       | One day an intergalactic 5th dimension demon investor will buy
       | earth and rent it back to us for 1 Billion souls per year. What
       | madness.
        
       | 57844743385 wrote:
       | The only way to make housing affordable is to end property
       | investing.
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | New Zealand had a stock market crash in the '80s which is
         | frequently blamed for the aversion New Zealanders have to
         | shares and the love of property investment.
         | 
         | We have a truely terrible housing stock (cold, damp and poorly
         | maintained) and in the largest city, Auckland, the average
         | house price is 20x the average wage.
         | 
         | People claim it's untenable but the rise in values has been
         | utterly relentless.
        
           | tjpnz wrote:
           | Nothing's going to put that cat back in the bag at this rate,
           | short of a capital gains tax. But given 70% of our
           | politicians are property investors themselves that won't ever
           | be on the cards.
           | 
           | This whole sorry state of affairs makes me glad I left the
           | country. That and how utterly abysmal IT salaries are.
        
           | arp242 wrote:
           | When I lived in Dunedin a few years ago I was truly shocked
           | at the state of the houses. I don't think I've ever seen a
           | house in the Netherlands without central heating; but I've
           | never seen a house _with_ central heating in Dunedin, and
           | Dunedin is quite a bit colder than the Netherlands. Isolation
           | and even double glazing seems almost non-existent and wooden
           | houses are the norm.
           | 
           | Don't get me wrong, I really loved living there, and I'd move
           | back in an instant (but work visas are very hard at the
           | moment), but Kiwi houses are the worst and many decades
           | behind Europe.
        
         | throwaway6734 wrote:
         | What defines property investing?
         | 
         | Why not a land value tax instead?
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | How do you buy a house then? Does the government just own all
         | housing?
        
           | jlokier wrote:
           | You just buy a house the usual ways and live in it. With cash
           | or a mortgage.
           | 
           | If you live in it, it's not called "property investing".
           | 
           | "Property investing" refers to buying property to benefit
           | from price speculation and use as a store of value, without
           | actually using the property as a home. The property may sit
           | there empty most or all of the time, or it may be rented out,
           | with a combination of rent and price speculation being the
           | owner's business plan. "Flipping" may be involved.
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | Since houses don't wear out or get used up, like clothes or
             | food, and you can sell them when you're done with them,
             | they're inherently an investment.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | They do. It's the land that goes up in value.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | Houses get more valuable the older they are. Most people
               | don't want new houses.
        
               | jlokier wrote:
               | Sure, they're an investment too, but properties bought
               | primarily to live in, with investment as a handy side
               | effect, do not have the same effect on housing
               | availability and affordability. Each such purchase
               | reduces supply by 1, but also reduces demand by 1, and
               | gives someone relative stability.
               | 
               | So purchasing to live in is not what "property
               | investment" refers to in this context. It has a narrower
               | meaning than "anything you could conceivably think of as
               | an investment".
               | 
               | Aside, houses do in fact wear out, need regular repair,
               | and eventually most get demolished because regular repair
               | isn't good enough.
        
       | Isinlor wrote:
       | Do I understand correctly that they want to kick out all the
       | students from the cities?
       | 
       | When I was studying in Groningen I had to look for places to rent
       | out of the city.
       | 
       | Some students were camping in tents in front of the campus.
       | 
       | Here is a photo from another city, Tilburg:
       | 
       | https://www.dutchnews.nl/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/st...
       | 
       | Some academic staff were even taking them in due to shortage of
       | places to rent.
       | 
       | I managed to rent a very nice place in Bedum, a village 13 km
       | from the university campus, and I was commuting every day on
       | bike.
        
         | johndoe0815 wrote:
         | The trend here in Trondheim (third-largest city in Norway with
         | 200k residents, of these ca. 40k are students) is that a lot of
         | houses and apartments are explicitly offered for sale with
         | plans for conversion to student apartments.
         | 
         | Rents in the city have increased by 8.2% over the last 12
         | months, property prices by 20-25% over the last two years. The
         | price per square meter to buy anything reasonable is above 6k
         | Eur now. Salaries are, of course, not adjusted to compensate
         | for this...
         | 
         | So I can understand and support this Dutch initiative, but of
         | course universities and municipalities then have to ensure they
         | provide an appropriate amount student accommodation. Since
         | students are an important economic factor, this doesn't sound
         | to be a too unreasonable demany to me.
         | 
         | The Norwegian government also tries a different approach - it
         | tries to enable young people to buy property already in their
         | twenties by funding special discounts on interest rates.
         | Together with banning investors from the cities, this might
         | also be a model for the Netherlands, which, like Norway, has
         | quite a high rate of home ownership (69% NL vs. 81% NO). Some
         | of my recent master students owned an apartment here and made a
         | nice profit when they sold it this year and moved back to
         | Oslo...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.statista.com/statistics/543453/house-owners-
         | amon...
         | 
         | [2] https://tradingeconomics.com/netherlands/home-ownership-
         | rate
        
           | marvin wrote:
           | Everyone is suggesting ineffective solutions with idiotic
           | side effects. The proper way of solving this problem is to
           | build a lot more homes. Otherwise you'll be creating a plan
           | economy where bureaucrats are constantly scrambling to
           | alleviate the side effects of their shuffling of deck-chairs
           | on the sinking ship.
           | 
           | But of course, few cities want to do this. The biggest cities
           | in Norway are particularly bad at not even attempting to
           | solve this problem at the root.
           | 
           | Let's just say it loudly and proudly: If you're against
           | allowing the free market to build as much as the demand
           | indicates, you're for high housing costs and screw everyone
           | who is negatively affected. This hypocritical virtue
           | signalling has gotten really old.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | I can envision a scenario where both are true and result in
             | short term (possibly on the order of decades) pain for
             | locals. The supply of housing is not meeting the demand of
             | local residents and the supply of "desirable" investments
             | in stable societies is not met for global investors.
             | 
             | It is an arbitrage and inefficiency scenario created by the
             | ability of capital to move easily around the world, but not
             | people.
        
             | distances wrote:
             | Do you have any examples where building more would have
             | resulted in stabilizing or lowering housing prices? This is
             | the classical suggestion but doesn't seem like there would
             | be any supporting evidence of it actually working in
             | practice.
             | 
             | Of course I want cities to build more. But I don't imagine
             | it will ever actually lower the housing costs.
        
               | marvin wrote:
               | Cities rarely try this out in practice. There are
               | examples of smaller cities that manage to keep up - e.g.
               | Kristiansand in Norway, which kept the real estate price
               | development slightly negative during a decade when the
               | rest of the country had a massive increase. I get the
               | impression Copenhagen has also managed to build enough.
               | Their bubble popped in 2006 AFAICT, with moderate
               | development since then in spite of negative interest
               | rates.
               | 
               | But for large cities, there seems to almost universally
               | be democratic agreement that we won't build a lot more
               | right here.
               | 
               | You get the odd symbolic attempt. But I'm not talking
               | about re-zoning the odd industrial park and rationing
               | them out to the three developers that get things done in
               | this town.
               | 
               | I'm talking about building 40 stories everywhere, where
               | previously there were 8. Consistently allowing developers
               | to build in front of their neighbors' ocean view. Turning
               | 50% of the beloved hills around the city into high-rise
               | apartments. Stuff like this, to a degree proportional
               | with demand. Annual price increase or decrease is the
               | signal to steer by.
               | 
               | My point: If you support local democratic policy that
               | will lead to an outcome every passing ECON101 student can
               | predict -
               | 
               | Own it.
        
           | cutler wrote:
           | Even better - ban profit on property sales.
        
         | MonaroVXR wrote:
         | Person living in Groningen right now, as Dutch citizen here.
         | 
         | There aren't enough houses for students right now.
        
         | jhgb wrote:
         | > Do I understand correctly that they want to kick out all the
         | students from the cities?
         | 
         | Presumably not, unless those students are property investors.
        
           | Isinlor wrote:
           | > investors won't be allowed to buy cheap and medium-priced
           | homes and rent them out
           | 
           | So, who will be renting cheap and medium-priced homes?
           | 
           | There are already extremely severe shortages as exemplified
           | by students camping in tents.
        
             | jhgb wrote:
             | People living in them? That's how it mostly works
             | elsewhere. Also, it is not customary in the Netherlands for
             | students to live in dorms?
        
               | 988747 wrote:
               | Right, because that's what every family dreams about:
               | having a stranger living in their house. Also, if there
               | was enough space in dorms for everyone there wouldn't be
               | those students camping in tents, as OP wrote.
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | There's no need for every family to sublet. Usually a
               | small minority of residences house subletters.
               | 
               | I'm not quite sure how worsening the situation for
               | everyone by property investors hoarding houses would make
               | it _better_ for students, either.
        
               | 988747 wrote:
               | Property investors are not "hoarding" houses. They buy
               | them and then rent them out, thus increasing the supply.
               | It is actually better for students this way: an investor
               | that does not live in their property can rent out it
               | whole. If a house can fit 5 people that means a living
               | space for 5 students. If the house gets bought by a
               | family, that family moves in, so 3 out of 5 spots are now
               | occupied, leaving only 2 available for rent. I don't
               | know, maybe that's the hidden goal of this policy: push
               | the students out, and bring in more families.
        
               | athrowaway3z wrote:
               | I know a girl who bought a house with a mortgage backed
               | by her government-student-grant somewhere around 2006
               | iirc.
               | 
               | Additionally, If prices weren't so high there would be
               | more students buying houses with their parents money.
               | 
               | None of that is to say I understand the market, it's
               | history or future. But your take seems to be based on
               | dogma and an oversimplified supply and demand model.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _an investor that does not live in their property can
               | rent out it whole_
               | 
               | There's a flip side to this. An investor that does not
               | live in their property doesn't care about the property as
               | a place to live. So...
               | 
               | > _If a house can fit 5 people that means a living space
               | for 5 students._
               | 
               | But what actually happens these days is the house gets
               | renovated to turn those 5 living spaces into 8 or 10.
               | Students don't have any leverage on the market, so
               | investors will densify houses over time, until they
               | health and safety limits, and then some (the rents, of
               | course, don't drop proportionally). Not enough students
               | anymore? Fortunately there's AirBnB now. What about
               | people who actually want to settle in the area? Nah,
               | they're too needy, literally the least efficient bunch to
               | extract money from.
               | 
               | Elsewhere in the thread, some people say that the problem
               | is with people who want to settle in expensive, wealthy
               | cities. But perhaps the main reason those cities are
               | expensive is because of property investment? That is, all
               | those high salaries cancel out with high rents. Get rid
               | of high rents, salaries may drop, but so do costs of
               | living, and the whole market settles at a more
               | approachable and sustainable level.
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | > They buy them and then rent out, thus increasing the
               | supply.
               | 
               | That doesn't increase supply. I'm really not sure how
               | middlemen skimming money could increase supply since that
               | should push the supply curve to the left.
               | 
               | > If the house gets bought by a family, that family moves
               | in, so 3 out of 5 spots are now occupied, leaving only 2
               | available for rent.
               | 
               | And the family moved in from somewhere else, leaving you
               | with three spots in that some other place plus two spots
               | in the new place, so you have 5 places for students
               | regardless. Not sure why you think this changes
               | something.
               | 
               | The optimal solution is obviously to fix the dorm system.
               | It's well organized, cheap, and space efficient - at
               | least in my country, at about half the price of renting
               | your own place. Surely my backwards country is not more
               | capable than the Dutch in this respect.
        
               | 988747 wrote:
               | > And the family moved in from somewhere else, leaving
               | you with three spots in that some other place plus two
               | spots in the new place, so you have 5 places for students
               | regardless. Not sure why you think this changes
               | something.
               | 
               | Because that family might have moved from out of town,
               | and students can't move to their old place that is too
               | far from the university?
               | 
               | EDIT: I'm not sure that building more dorms is a good
               | idea. My experience (although from totally different
               | country) is that dorm rooms are the worst possible
               | environment for learning. During my time in college there
               | was a clear division: those who prioritized studying
               | lived in the quiet rental apartments, those who
               | prioritized socializing lived in the dorms :)
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _During my time in college there was a clear division:
               | those who prioritized studying lived in the quiet rental
               | apartments, those who prioritized socializing lived in
               | the dorms :)_
               | 
               | And I wonder who ended up better off :).
               | 
               | The longer I live, the more I realize that I made a
               | mistake during my university years. I focused on learning
               | where I should've been partying - because as it turns
               | out, knowledge is the easy part. The hard part - and the
               | important part - is building a network of friends and
               | connections, which happens at parties, not in quiet
               | rental apartments.
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | That's not a problem specifically for students, though.
               | That's a problem for everyone when X people need to move
               | to a city where there's Y<X capacity of housing.
        
               | Isinlor wrote:
               | If there was enough rooms I could have rented a tiny
               | room, like a Norwegian prison cell, from a student
               | housing. But there was not enough of these rooms. And
               | they were available only for one year. You had to vacate
               | them after that.
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | Presumably the reason for why there isn't enough housing
               | for students is related to why there isn't enough housing
               | for everybody else.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | You misunderstood. The only way to rent a place is to rent it
           | from an investor. If investors are banned from the city, then
           | students need to buy the house/room they live in. This is of
           | course not feasible for the majority of students.
        
             | jhgb wrote:
             | > The only way to rent a place is to rent it from an
             | investor.
             | 
             | You mean in the Netherlands? Because I never had to do that
             | in my country. I'm not aware of places where the only
             | landlords are investors.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | I think you are missing the point.
               | 
               | All landowners are investors. They bought the property to
               | make money. That makes them an investor. Maybe not a
               | coporation but an investor.
        
               | distances wrote:
               | Lots of student and young people housing is owned by non-
               | profits around here. My whole campus was non-profit.
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | Surely the Dutch are _not_ using your proposed
               | definition, because that would make zero sense unless
               | they wanted to turn the Netherlands into another
               | Chernobyl exclusion zone. That seems unreasonable, so
               | they must be using a different one.
        
               | kalium-xyz wrote:
               | It is the definition we use. This is just gonna create
               | more kafka tier stuff for people to deal with, its not
               | gonna end housing if Amsterdam decides it only wants
               | multi millionaires with privately owned overly expensive
               | houses in certain areas.
        
               | cutler wrote:
               | Investor or parasite?
        
           | sverhagen wrote:
           | I suppose the implied question is: who's going to rent to
           | students if the landlords' investments get penalized for them
           | not living there themselves. There's presumably too many
           | students in these cities for all of them to find some family
           | who have a spare room to rent.
        
             | athrowaway3z wrote:
             | The municipality can designate locations where these rules
             | apply and they can designate if a location is intended for
             | student housing.
             | 
             | I'm not seeing an issue that is directly exacerbated. There
             | are simply more tools that can be (ab)used .
        
             | jhgb wrote:
             | Even if this action _were_ to have unintended consequences,
             | the question was  "do they _want_ to ". No, they don't,
             | obviously, not any more that the people who gave "go" to
             | STS-51L _wanted_ to kill seven astronauts. What they _want_
             | to do is to get rid of predatory investors.
        
             | timwaagh wrote:
             | There are some very hard limits to taking students in too.
             | You don't want to be a student after the covid induced
             | decline in demand is over. Especially not if you are not
             | from here. The regulation exempt SSH will put you in a room
             | with another student or two and charge you 800 or so.
        
       | zihotki wrote:
       | To add to the topic, in NL you, as an owner of a property, are
       | obliged to report to municipality if your property is vacant for
       | one year. This is to prevent squatting. Very recently U.S.
       | investor Blackstone reported ~300 apartments at once in Amsterdam
       | for being vacant. They did it only after it was found out that
       | some of the properties were squatted. And according to different
       | sources, the apartments were vacant for very long time, more than
       | a year.
       | 
       | On top of that, the investors often buy social housing. After
       | some refurbrishment they start renting it as a non-social one.
       | Many people are upset by this behavior as well.
        
         | Aeolun wrote:
         | I think it's interesting that we tend to believe that someone
         | would actually report these things.
         | 
         | Then we get hit by these US (and other) foreign companies to
         | whom morality is just a suggestion, and whom will happily do
         | whatever makes them most money.
         | 
         | Now they've made literal millions out of these empty
         | properties, and they'll be given the benefit of the doubt,
         | because that's how we do things.
        
       | reillyse wrote:
       | So long as homes are considered an asset class governments are
       | compelled to protect their value and help increase that value.
       | This is a small step to decoupling property from investing but I
       | think a great start.
        
       | FridayoLeary wrote:
       | If the price of properties fall dramatically won't that have an
       | adverse affect on property owners? Imagine shelling out PS1M on a
       | house, and spending 20 years paying it off. Now, at the end of
       | that time period the house is worth half of that. I'm not an
       | expert but is closing off an entire section of Capitalism going
       | to work flawlessly?
        
         | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
         | And what's wrong with that? You still own the house in full and
         | can live in it till you die whether it's worth $1MM or $1.
         | There should be no guarantee for your house to appreciate over
         | time; that's what got us in this mess in the first place.
         | 
         | If you want to turn your housing into an invested vehicle to
         | sell an make you rich then you're basically gambling and should
         | fully accept the risks of losing money in the process like with
         | any other investment.
         | 
         | Capitalism also means letting bad business or poor investments
         | go bust, not prop them up artificially for decades via low
         | interest rates, zoning laws and nimbyism to make them worth
         | more.
        
       | iamnotwhoiam wrote:
       | So investors buy the homes then rent them out? What's the
       | problem?
       | 
       | In some asian markets investors buy homes then sit on them unused
       | for years. That's a problem.
        
         | turbinerneiter wrote:
         | The problem is that it gets harder and harder for normal people
         | to own anything (build up wealth), while building wealth is the
         | best retirement startegy there is.
         | 
         | I myself, for example, live in a city where owning the place I
         | live in is just barely getting in reach for me, although I am
         | in the top 30% income bracket of my country. I therefore have
         | to put my savings into the stock market, which is at an all
         | time high. Maybe even a bubble.
         | 
         | It is frustrating to see any income gain that I make being
         | absorbed by the housing market. I work hard while others get
         | unspeakably rich just by owning stuff.
         | 
         | Simply put, the balance is off.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | > The problem is that it gets harder and harder for normal
           | people to own anything (build up wealth),
           | 
           | In the US, it is easier than ever. Open a free account online
           | at a number of brokerages, and buy some broad market low cost
           | equity index ETF.
           | 
           | The problem is government subsidies for real estate. Get rid
           | of federal taxpayer guaranteed mortgages (Fannie Mae, Freddie
           | Mac, ginnie mae). Get rid of 1031 exchanges. Let the markets
           | set the interest rate and do its own risk calculations.
           | 
           | See similar price distortions due to federal taxpayer
           | guaranteed student loans.
           | 
           | All of this is unlikely, however, since the US and many other
           | societies have baked in burgeoning economic growth for
           | decades to come in their previous decades' spending.
           | Therefore, to avoid defaulting on these assumptions, the
           | societies will keep inflating currency to keep the ruse going
           | as long as possible.
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | Even my low-risk Vanguard ETFs have gone up like 30% in a
             | year. That seems insane to me.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | I would expect that. Politically, everyone is aligned
               | with ensuring equity prices go up. And so everything
               | possible will be done to accomplish it.
               | 
               | I am 100% equities for any funds I do not need in the
               | next few years. Index fund ETFs are the real TIPS,
               | Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities.
        
             | turbinerneiter wrote:
             | It's just that most people would prefer owning a house over
             | owning stocks.
             | 
             | Because when the economy tanks and you lose your job, you
             | have to sell your stocks at the low point to make rent.
             | When you own your house, losing your job still sucks, but
             | at least you still have a home. Thats also the reason why
             | the low interest rates, although nice for homebuyers, also
             | aren't a great levy of the situation: I have to pay back
             | the credit for my house over 40 years, I have the same risk
             | of losing everything in a downturn. You can't make the
             | credit payment and are forced to sell your home at the
             | market low.
             | 
             | Maybe I'm just traumatized. When I left school, 2008
             | economy crash was in full swing, two years after leaving
             | Uni and in my first job, Corona happened.
             | 
             | On the topic of price distortions through government
             | influenced loan rates: I think what you say makes sense.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | I do not understand your comment, as it started off
               | sounding like there was a downside of renting vs owning,
               | but then later on in the paragraph, you say that the
               | risks of not being able to pay rent and not being able to
               | pay a mortgage result in the same consequences during an
               | economic downturn.
               | 
               | > Because when the economy tanks and you lose your job,
               | you have to sell your stocks at the low point to make
               | rent.
               | 
               | You should have an emergency fund so that you do not have
               | to sell at the low point. I try to keep at least 24
               | months of expenses.
               | 
               | In the US, the government also offers a federal taxpayer
               | subsidy in the form of lending people money with no money
               | down or 5% down or some ridiculous scheme advertised as
               | helping lower income people. On the contrary, this simply
               | increases home prices and over leverages them since they
               | will barely make monthly payments and any hiccup will
               | derail them.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | keewee7 wrote:
           | >The problem is that it gets harder and harder for normal
           | people to own anything
           | 
           | One of the reasons is that people insist on living and
           | working in some of the wealthiest and most expensive cities
           | in the world.
           | 
           | I live a cheap town and my commute to work in the 2nd biggest
           | city in my country is just 25 minutes.
        
             | Flashtoo wrote:
             | You are assuming that it is possible to live cheaply within
             | 25 minutes of a big city in The Netherlands. That's not the
             | case.
        
             | iamstupidsimple wrote:
             | Mainly that's because that's where the jobs are. (Remote
             | isn't a 100% solution, either.)
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | The jobs are where the international investors are and
               | they prefer big cities over small unknown towns.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Perhaps people's perception of the risk of living in a
             | smaller town is sufficient to merit the risks of higher
             | land prices in some of the wealthiest and most expensive
             | cities in the worlds. Namely the risk of losing your source
             | of income in a small town and the increased probability of
             | higher income/access to opportunities in major cities.
             | 
             | Of course, it is a pendulum, and it is possible people's
             | perception swings too far towards the small town and the
             | big city and back and forth.
        
             | polytely wrote:
             | But the Netherlands is small enough that the unaffordable
             | prices in the big cities has pushed most people to the rest
             | of the country basically increasing prices _everywhere_.
        
           | bradleyjg wrote:
           | _The problem is that it gets harder and harder for normal
           | people to own anything ( build up wealth), while building
           | wealth is the best retirement startegy there is._
           | 
           | This is the problem in a nutshell! It's impossible for houses
           | to continue to be great "wealth building" vehicles and for
           | them be affordable. Politicians have prioritized the former
           | and that's how we got where we are.
           | 
           | If we want affordable housing for people to live in they
           | can't also be the universal investment vehicle. Those two
           | objectives are in direct contradiction.
        
             | Fargren wrote:
             | I've often wondered, with enough knowledge to actually
             | know, what would happen if renting housing was made
             | illegal. I imagine prices would drop precipitously, maybe
             | to a point where everyone can buy?
        
             | cutler wrote:
             | Marx's analysis is as relevant today as ever. The expansion
             | of capital seeking ever-increasing sources of surplus value
             | has left most of us as nothing more than serfs subject to
             | the whims of landlords.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | It's not very difficult to criticize capitalism. Figuring
               | out a solution is a much harder problem.
        
         | csomar wrote:
         | The problem is that in a globalized world, dutch homes are more
         | attractive than, say, homes in Cairo or Sao Paulo. Investors
         | moving money in means that home prices are no longer correlated
         | with the local economy. A salary is no longer what determine
         | the rent or the mortgage but rather "global" appeal to that
         | place.
        
         | II2II wrote:
         | From my experience, the size and type of investor seem to be a
         | factor. I have rented my entire adult life since it has some
         | advantages (notably mobility), yet have always rented from
         | homeowners or small-time investors. They tend to place more
         | emphasis upon keeping their units rented and keeping good
         | renters. Except for moving, I have only seen my rent increase
         | once. It was a small increase and I lived in that place for
         | many years.
         | 
         | Contrast that to people who have lived in places with large
         | property managers. The rent increase is automatic, even with
         | better renters than I. I have heard substantiated stories of
         | rent doubling. Now those renters may have been bad apples and
         | the property manager may have been using it as a tool for
         | eviction, but that is still a problem. It is a problem since it
         | is used a means to bypass tenant protections. Those protections
         | are necessary to provide housing stability.
         | 
         | My apologies for the rant. In principle, I have nothing against
         | investment. That said: the excessive greed of some investors,
         | the ones that effectively push people down or out to achieve
         | ... well, I don't know what some people are trying to achieve
         | beyond a certain point ... is turning me away from that
         | principle.
        
           | cutler wrote:
           | Market investment, ie. where little new value is added, is
           | gambling dressed up to look respectable. It's all about
           | getting something for nothing which is the root cause of all
           | our economic ills.
        
             | II2II wrote:
             | I try to be careful with how I think about these things, so
             | I don't go off the deep end. In my mind, investment is the
             | adding of value while trading does not add value. Both are
             | gambling on the outcome, but investment tries to direct the
             | outcome while trading tries to predict the outcome.
             | 
             | In the context of housing, investment may look like a
             | renovation to improve desirability or replacing a small
             | number of units with a larger number of units. In contrast,
             | trading would involve maintaining the status quo in hopes
             | that the desirability of a neighbourhood or relative
             | scarcity would increase the value of a property.
             | 
             | That being said, I don't know how you would create a system
             | of investment that doesn't create an environment for
             | speculative trading. In would be difficult to encourage the
             | former without a means of selling off the investment at a
             | later date. Reducing the frequency of trading wouldn't help
             | in the case of housing since those are long term
             | investments to start with.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | >I don't know how you would create a system of investment
               | that doesn't create an environment for speculative
               | trading.
               | 
               | Remove the government subsidies and guarantees and
               | improve price transparency.
        
         | Genego wrote:
         | The problem is that these investors have raised rents
         | nationally to a point where there is no affordable housing
         | outside of social housing (8-15+ year wait lists). And this
         | happened in a very short time period. If I'd want a 60-80m2
         | apartment in the city I currently live, I'd have to pay
         | 1000-1200+ Euro for that; three to four years ago, that would
         | have been half. Just over the border in Germany the same
         | apartment goes for 350-500 Euros (NRW to be specific). The
         | housing market here feels beyond crazy. Real estate prices
         | themselves are also exploding +10%~ month over month
        
           | iamnotwhoiam wrote:
           | Is that because Germany had banned property investment or
           | because supply keeps up with demand in Germany?
        
             | Genego wrote:
             | Germany has much better tenant and rental market
             | protection. Real estate prices are rising rapidly, but
             | supply does seem to keep up with demand when it comes down
             | to renting. Population density in Germany also is only half
             | that of the Netherlands (240 vs 508 per km2), so that also
             | helps. If you're priced out somewhere, you always have the
             | option to move somewhere else. In the Netherlands you don't
             | have much of a option right now when it comes down to
             | renting (and mostly buying as well).
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | It sold social housing and stopped building more of it. If
             | you had asked about real estate 10 years ago you'd hear
             | about how Germany solved the housing problem.
        
         | leoedin wrote:
         | A lot of these investors are 50+ year olds who've benefited
         | from tremendous unearned wealth from their primary residence.
         | 
         | When you own outright your main house and have paid effectively
         | no rent or mortgage payments for decades, that surplus income
         | makes buying a second investment property, even at today's
         | prices, relatively easy. The extra money and demand entering
         | the market pushes prices up.
         | 
         | Then the renting tenants have to pay an ever increasing share
         | of their income in rent. They never build up capital, and so
         | can never afford to buy anywhere.
         | 
         | This is a societal problem - home ownership means stability (to
         | have children), commitment to an area, a willingness to invest
         | time into improving it. When you can be cast on to the streets
         | with a few months notice at your landlords whim, you have none
         | of that.
        
         | throwaway-8c93 wrote:
         | The real problem is that governments around the developed world
         | gave up on building affordable social housing since the 70s.
         | 
         | AirBnB investors just highlight the symptoms.
        
         | azeirah wrote:
         | It affects the housing market very negatively. These are houses
         | that could've been bought by families and couples and so on.
         | Instead of being available for purchase, the same people have
         | now have to rent instead of buy.
         | 
         | House prices rise, rent increases, common folk are struggling,
         | investors are getting rich without doing anything.
         | 
         | It's just meh all over.
        
         | winkelwagen wrote:
         | If that means middle income families or starters are not able
         | to buy those houses, and the investors driving the prices up.
         | Then yes, it's a problem.
        
           | keewee7 wrote:
           | Why should middle income families be able to buy property in
           | some of the wealthiest and most expensive cities in the
           | world?
           | 
           | There is suburbs for that.
        
             | bsksi wrote:
             | Suburbs? What do you think we are, Americans?
        
               | keewee7 wrote:
               | I'm Danish and we call it "forstad". It's pretty much the
               | same as a suburb.
               | 
               | https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forstad
        
               | bsksi wrote:
               | I know they exist. What I'm saying is that European
               | cities are built around the idea of people being able to
               | live in walking distance of... Everything. Suburbs here
               | exist for snobs and assholes.
        
               | maccolgan wrote:
               | Who are you speaking on behalf of?
        
               | bsksi wrote:
               | Like everybody else who posts comments on the internet,
               | myself. Did I give the impression I was speaking on
               | behalf of someone else?
        
             | leoedin wrote:
             | The problem of inflated house prices extends to the suburbs
             | and beyond
        
             | mcv wrote:
             | The fact that those cities are so expensive is exactly the
             | problem. Those cities are healthier if they have a healthy
             | mix of different population groups. I live in Amsterdam and
             | would hate to see it become a rich people's ghetto, though
             | it's definitely at risk of that happening. Maybe it already
             | is.
        
             | II2II wrote:
             | Where are the people who work in those cities supposed to
             | live? Are they expected to commute an hour a day,
             | diminishing their earning potential and increasing their
             | expenses? People in the wealthiest cities also tend to have
             | access to more resources, due to the concentration and
             | diversity of the population. Denying low and middle income
             | families access also diminishes their potential, while
             | diminishing the potential of cities through the reduction
             | of diversity.
             | 
             | At best, this sounds an argument to hold people back. At
             | worse, it sound like an argument to push people down.
        
       | Griffinsauce wrote:
       | This is really necessary.
       | 
       | I'm a senior engineer, my wife is a neurologist, we are currently
       | not able to afford a pretty normal house in the city.
       | 
       | Even if we did, buying now is a enormous waste of money. The
       | market has been bad for years and it's absolutely out of control
       | now.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > I'm a senior engineer, my wife is a neurologist, we are
         | currently not able to afford a pretty normal house in the city.
         | 
         | I don't understand why people think having a certain job means
         | it's more of a travesty that they can't get a house.
         | 
         | Everyone should be able to get a house. Whatever your jobs are
         | is irrelevant.
        
           | arp242 wrote:
           | Of course, but I think the point the previous poster was
           | making that _even with_ well-paid jobs well above the average
           | it 's very hard to find something reasonable that fits in
           | your budget, which underscores the point that for people at
           | the average it's damn near impossible.
        
       | jvvlimme wrote:
       | There are more efficient ways to achieve the same and get a bunch
       | of other positive side effects in one go: Land Value Taxation.
       | Henry George proposed it already in 1879 in his book "Progress
       | and Poverty".
        
       | ianai wrote:
       | I'm reminded of behavioral studies showing that other primates
       | have an instinctive concept of "fair" and will choose against
       | cooperation if a deal seems unfair to them. I think this was
       | covered in Freakonomics.
       | 
       | How about making a civil law where anybody can sue the owner of a
       | home if it's not occupied in a way that benefits the community
       | around the home - say with a $10,000 plus court fees and 10% of
       | any residual income minimum for anyone in the community who sues
       | and wins?
        
         | logicchains wrote:
         | Then do other citizens have the right to sue the passer of this
         | law for the resulting shortage of rental properties that this
         | incentivises?
        
       | nabla9 wrote:
       | Instead of banning, it's better to steer with taxation. Tax on
       | empty houses (no permanent address) changes incentives.
        
       | lunarboy wrote:
       | Interested how this plays out in other countries in terms of both
       | reception and actual effect. The current Korean gov set out to
       | reduce house prices by various methods: e.g. high property taxes
       | on houses that are not the owners primary residence, banning
       | loans/mortage for flipping homes, etc. But prices have gone up
       | more during this regulation. People suspect its actually driving
       | buyers to buy before more regulations in the future.
       | 
       | I feel like the only way would be to restrict to one house per
       | co-residence family unit in contested cities. But I have no
       | knowledge of real estate/economics, and I'm sure it'll be called
       | communism. So really feels like a near impossible problem to
       | solve.
        
         | wsc981 wrote:
         | As others have mentioned the best solution is to just build a
         | massive supply of houses, in order for supply to outstrip
         | demand. This, however, is unlikely to happen in the next 10-15
         | years. Especially if The Netherlands keeps the current
         | immigration levels up (~400 people per week).
        
       | winkelwagen wrote:
       | Better late than never. The housing market in the Netherlands is
       | currently terrible. I've "fled" the country for the next few
       | years. Hoping that would be enough time for the market to get
       | healthy again. It's just insane that we made it this easy for
       | people who were well off to begin with to profit. Just sold a
       | house, the profit I got from buying and selling that house alone
       | makes me nauseous. Makes me wonder why I work at all. Can imagine
       | corporate investors are milking it for all its worth.
        
         | ___luigi wrote:
         | Is it better in neighboring countries?. There was a discussion
         | [1] about controlled rent market few days ago, it seems that
         | the problem is related to growth.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.bbc.com/news/business-58317555
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | IANAE, but I'm guessing part of the problem is also that
           | housing is not part of inflation (i.e. not in the
           | indexation).
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | It is, but it is mixed in with housing that people do not
             | want, such as due to location, size, quality, etc.
             | 
             | The US CPI figures have no resemblance to your expenses if
             | you live in one of the desirable and booming regions of the
             | US.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | The Netherlands (where the article is about) is
               | relatively small, so I'm wondering if the whole country
               | has more or less the same "booming" factor (?)
               | 
               | How does housing affect inflation in that country?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | I think EU citizens have the right to live anywhere in
               | the EU, so while not exactly the same as the US due to
               | language and cultural differences, it might still have a
               | noticeable effect. But I am not well versed in the topic,
               | so I would only be able to guess.
        
       | cjfd wrote:
       | This is cart before horse stuff. As noticed by other commenters
       | some people need to rent. I am blaming 'quantitative easing'. If
       | the central bank buys a whole lot of assets where do other
       | investors go?
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | I believe the Netherlands used to allow full tax write-off of
         | the mortgage interest (dunno if they still do). That certainly
         | is bound to heat up the market.
        
           | dwightgunning wrote:
           | This is still in place for PPOR. Does not apply for
           | investment properties AFAIK.
        
             | hvdijk wrote:
             | There are a few other cases where it applies as well, but
             | you're right that it doesn't apply to investment
             | properties.
             | 
             | Also, it's no longer always a full write off, it's a write
             | off at a capped rate. Those with low incomes have a full
             | write off, those with high incomes see a more limited
             | effect.
        
             | varjag wrote:
             | Since most people would like themselves a PPOR that still
             | has the effect of heating up the market.
        
             | the-dude wrote:
             | Note to self : PPOR means 'Principal Place of Residence'
             | here.
        
           | dogma1138 wrote:
           | That's not a full write off and it's only for a mortgage on a
           | property you reside in. BTW many countries in the EU allow
           | you to write off interest from loans even from credit cards
           | but it didn't cause an inflation of personal credit line or
           | increased utilization.
        
             | varjag wrote:
             | The line of credit is not a physical, limited-availability
             | asset however (and not something among basic people needs).
        
           | the-dude wrote:
           | I am not sure 'full write-off' is the correct term.
           | 
           | It is tax deductable, so you are taxed less, typically max
           | 50% of the interest sum.
        
             | varjag wrote:
             | That's the explanation I had from a local back in 2003. He
             | said their whole interest part of the mortgage was eligible
             | for tax rebate.
        
               | the-dude wrote:
               | Still the case for PPOR, 30 years max, no interest-only
               | mortages.
        
               | IkmoIkmo wrote:
               | Not 50% anymore, the max deductible rate is now 43% and
               | in 2023 it'll be 37% at which point there won't be
               | anymore scheduled reductions. (but I'd be surprised if
               | further reductions won't be announced the coming years).
               | 
               | It can be a misleading to say this means only 50% or 37%
               | of your interest can be deducted. It could still be fully
               | deducted. i.e. if your income is taxed at 37% rate, then
               | the 37% rate of 2023 will mean your entire interest can
               | be deducted from your income (100% interest deduction).
               | 
               | It means that at higher progressive tax rates for higher
               | incomes, e.g. at 50%, only 37% of the 50% can be
               | deducted.
        
       | seanieb wrote:
       | Real estate investors buying existing properties, without
       | substantial capital investment into upgrades/renovations, are
       | exactly the same as concert ticket scalpers. Their business is of
       | little benefit to society.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | Investors buying existing private properties and not replacing
         | them with higher density housing is something I could support
         | ban of. Ofc, there should be some limitations on pricing of new
         | units offered.
        
       | Freak_NL wrote:
       | This is desperately needed. And not just in the major cities;
       | this is happening in every Dutch town. Amsterdam may have prices
       | beyond absurd, but the whole nation is burdened by this problem.
       | 
       | In the street I live in the capital of the northern province of
       | Fryslan (Frisia) most homes are owned by their inhabitants, but
       | in the past few years we've seen several houses being bought by
       | small-time investors (who already own their own home of course,
       | are financially well on their way, and are looking for ways to
       | save their saving from low interest rates and inflation), who
       | charge renters four times what my fellow homeowners and I pay for
       | mortgage.
       | 
       | You never get to know the renters, because they are really only
       | here for as long as nothing better comes along (like buying a
       | house or social housing), and who can blame them?
       | 
       | Meanwhile maintenance of these houses is minimal, because the
       | market won't really reward proper upkeep at this point; they can
       | always sell the house for an insane price tomorrow.
       | 
       | It's really upsetting to see my younger colleagues stuck renting
       | a flat, while I own my house having even paid of the vast
       | majority of the mortgage simply because I had the luck of buying
       | it in 2013 (a major dip in the market where paying _less than the
       | listed price_ was common).
       | 
       | For the good of society we need to put a stop to this type of
       | speculation on the housing market.
        
         | joelbluminator wrote:
         | When I was living in NL I knew a guy who had a mortgage for a
         | house in Australia, a mortgage on a house in Groningen and then
         | he was looking to get another mortgage for a house in Den Haag.
         | Banks don't seem to cooperate internationally or even
         | nationally; he never told the banks he has mortgages already.
        
           | berkes wrote:
           | While banks may not check this on signing, they'll certainly
           | check it when you start defaulting.
           | 
           | This really is the worst advice ever. It's a sure way to get
           | you in Real Trouble when shit hits fans. This is not legal
           | advice either, btw. Just someone who read the tiny letters in
           | the mortgage contracts.
        
             | Freak_NL wrote:
             | Banks will definitely know about any other mortgages and
             | loans you have within the Netherlands before the mortgage
             | is finalized. These are all registered with the credit
             | agency they all employ. The only exception to this rule
             | (for now) is a government student loan.
        
               | joelbluminator wrote:
               | I hope you're right! No one knew or did anything about
               | him renting out the Groningen house thats for sure. I
               | don't know what happened with the 3rd house plan of his,
               | hopefully it didnt materialize.
        
             | joelbluminator wrote:
             | If he defaults. From his point a view he is not risking too
             | much; he never put his own money as down payment it was
             | 100/ mortgage which NL is too generous with. Then the rent
             | he earns is higher than the mortgage due to the low
             | interest. So best case he ends up with 3 houses in 25
             | years. Worst case he gets some angry letters from the bank
             | and loses houses that arent really his. I am not condoning
             | his actions but they are not irrational.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | But he lied on his mortgage application about loans in
               | other countries. So he could be up for some fraud
               | criminal charges, and jail time.
        
               | joelbluminator wrote:
               | I find that extremely unlikely
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | We had to reveal all of our houses and loans on our
               | mortgage application. They had no way to verify, but the
               | penalty in that case is always fraud. But there are
               | definitely a lot of people out there who don't think that
               | is a serious problem, and the government has to come down
               | hard on it:
               | 
               | https://www.magnifymoney.com/blog/mortgage/lying-
               | mortgage-ap...
               | 
               | Is the UK more tolerant of lying than the USA? It doesn't
               | seem so via a Google search:
               | 
               | https://www.onlinemortgageadvisor.co.uk/mortgage-
               | application...
               | 
               | Now, of course, they might not find out, but that just
               | means it is a perfect crime, it is still a crime.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | samsonradu wrote:
           | You're right, banks don't cooperate internationally in this
           | area, but it cuts both ways no?
           | 
           | How can one get a mortgage in Holland without being a
           | resident/having income declared there? The bank will not loan
           | a foreign resident in those circumstances. Did he pay taxes
           | in all those countries?
        
             | joelbluminator wrote:
             | He is a Dutch resident but no bank knows he has other
             | mortgages. He is not even allowed to rent out his house yet
             | he does.
        
         | beckman466 wrote:
         | > In the street I live in the capital of the northern province
         | of Fryslan (Frisia) most homes are owned by their inhabitants,
         | but in the past few years we've seen several houses being
         | bought by small-time investors (who already own their own home
         | of course, are financially well on their way, and are looking
         | for ways to save their saving from low interest rates and
         | inflation), who charge renters four times what my fellow
         | homeowners and I pay for mortgage.
         | 
         | specifically the last part:
         | 
         | > small-time investors who charge renters four times what my
         | fellow homeowners and I pay for mortgage
         | 
         | But what about maintenance costs though? Those costs are very
         | high, definitely 4x the cost of the mortgage! /s
        
       | xvector wrote:
       | Dutch cities are easily the best-planned cities in the world. The
       | channel "Not Just Bikes" [1] goes fairly in-depth as to why. I
       | think I'll trust that the Dutch city planners know what they're
       | doing in this instance.
       | 
       | [1]: https://youtube.com/c/NotJustBikes
        
         | kalium-xyz wrote:
         | I wonder if things will turn around on this channel now covid
         | lockdowns are stopping. I have never found living in a city
         | center in the Netherlands quiet before the lockdowns, and don't
         | find it very quiet now anymore either.
        
       | nathanvanfleet wrote:
       | I have thought about San Francisco. It really does feel like this
       | whole city is empty. No stores stay in business, no one seems to
       | be walking around these neighborhoods. I have considered if you
       | can fly around with a plane at night and use something like heat
       | vision to determine who is home?Because I think the stats are
       | just not correct for SF
        
         | ModernMech wrote:
         | San Francisco has enough empty homes to house every homeless
         | person in SF many times over. And there are a lot of homeless
         | in SF, so that's saying something.
        
           | logicchains wrote:
           | And at the rate a certain subset of homeless destroy
           | property, in a couple years none of those empty homes would
           | be liveable.
        
       | DonHopkins wrote:
       | There's a history of violent protests and riots about housing in
       | Amsterdam, and a slogan "Geen woning, geen kroning" (No house, no
       | coronation):
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_coronation_riots
       | 
       | >Amsterdam coronation riots
       | 
       | >The Amsterdam coronation riots (Dutch: Kroningsoproer) refers to
       | major violence and rioting in Amsterdam, the Netherlands on the
       | day of the accession of Queen Beatrix, 30 April 1980. It was one
       | of the biggest episodes of such disturbances in the country since
       | the end of World War II and the most significant event of the
       | Dutch squatters' movement (Krakersrellen).
       | 
       | >Since the 1960s and the 1970s, squatting had become common in
       | Amsterdam to protest the city's shortage of housing. Many of the
       | protesters were youngsters of the baby boomer generation. The
       | 1980 riots were precended by the Nieuwmarkt Riots in 1975 and the
       | Vondelstraat Riots in March 1980, when authorities heavily
       | responded to evict squatters from properties in the city.
        
       | dmje wrote:
       | Amen to this. Two case studies from the UK I've been thinking
       | about recently:
       | 
       | 1) Visiting London and spending time in South Kensington -
       | walking back to hotel at night, only about 30% of houses had any
       | lights on. Suggestion is the others are effectively uninhabited,
       | and a search on RightMove shows properties sell for PS20-PS30m
       | for a 4/5 bed. This isn't normal Londoners, it's outside
       | investment.
       | 
       | 2) Cornwall, where I live - an insane house price rise over
       | lockdown as city dwellers aim for the beautiful bits of the
       | country. Literally no way now you could afford your first home
       | round here on minimum wage, and some towns have a high (>50) %
       | holiday or second homes.
       | 
       | It's an untenable situation. I think my generation (I'm nearly
       | 50) are probably the last to be able to afford their own home on
       | anything other than a massive wage.
       | 
       | Round here in Cornwall the jobs are things like surf instructor,
       | supermarket worker, barperson, etc. That's not gonna stretch to
       | the local house prices.
        
         | anothernewdude wrote:
         | Those empty homes should be torn down or squatted in. I imagine
         | an organisation like a squatters union could be set up to
         | manage protection for them.
        
           | csomar wrote:
           | Sure. Let's fix a housing crisis by completely breaking up
           | laws, society and order.
        
             | Quarrelsome wrote:
             | squatting is a "solution" to empty houses. Its not a good
             | solution but it certainly draws attention to the issue.
        
             | sam_lowry_ wrote:
             | It's not uncommon for cities to pas laws that aim at the
             | reduction of unoccupied spaces amid housing crisis.
             | Actually, most European capitals do this either by raising
             | taxes on empty housing or by partially legalizing
             | squatting.
             | 
             | Londongrad is an exception to what is otherwise a rule.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | Houses that are vacant for a long period attract higher
               | council tax in London and the whole of England.
               | 
               | Of course you may argue that the difference is small in
               | relation to multi-million pounds properties, but that is
               | a more general issue with the council tax's range.
        
             | throwaway2048 wrote:
             | I'm not sure society is going to break down if a few empty
             | rich investor properties actually get used.
        
             | rtpg wrote:
             | Let's fix a housing crisis by having houses be used.
             | 
             | I doubt this is the magical unique problem everyone claims
             | it is, but "oh no think of people's investment" when people
             | are sleeping outside is valuing property over people.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | Housing vacancy is essentially a red herring when it
               | comes to the housing crisis. Vacancy rates are still low
               | overall, and reducing vacant housing would barely make a
               | dent in the issue. The real issue is that there isn't
               | enough supply for a given level of demand (i.e. how many
               | people there are who do or would like to live there).
               | Cities have added way more people than they've added
               | housing units over the past several decades.
        
             | Aeolun wrote:
             | Hmm, I'm fairly certain we have some laws giving squatters
             | rights if they live in some housing long enough without
             | opposition.
        
             | lsiebert wrote:
             | America fixed it's British Colony issue by doing just that.
        
           | valparaiso wrote:
           | Squatters should be shot dead.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | Vacant properties in London are a red herring. Last time I
         | checked official number they accounted for 1% of the housing
         | stock, bearing in mind that a number of properties are always
         | being refurbished at any given time. In general it does not
         | make sense to keep a property empty unless perhaps it is an
         | extreme luxury one.
         | 
         | South Kensington is one of the most expensive area of London
         | and not representative at all. Whatever happens there does not
         | affect the average person, and quite of few of the grand houses
         | there are also actually offices.
         | 
         | In any case, it is not true that 30% of homes are empty there.
         | Apparently the City of London (i.e. the square mile, not London
         | as a whole) has the highest rate in the country and that is
         | still only about 4% [1].
         | 
         | In Cornwall the issue is quite different: The area is very
         | attractive for second homes and, at the same time, it is the
         | second poorest region in all of Northern Europe. This means
         | that local resident have a very low purchasing power and indeed
         | cannot compete with people from London and the South East. I
         | think that they are starting to implement restrictions in some
         | areas in order to give priorities to buyers who will occupy the
         | property as their main residence in order to keep second homes
         | in check.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.cityam.com/15bn-worth-of-london-homes-sit-
         | empty-...
        
           | dogma1138 wrote:
           | The median price for a property in London is PS600K, the
           | average is over PS1M today.
           | 
           | That means that normal people cannot afford to buy anything
           | in London even with HTB which is a terrible policy the people
           | who can afford to use it are already in the top percentiles.
           | 
           | A PS600K property as a first time buyer requires you to have
           | about PS100K to get on a property ladder.
           | 
           | 10% deposit for a 90% LTV mortgage is PS60K, stamp duty is
           | PS17,500 (PS20K from end of Sep 21) that's already ~PS80,000
           | then you have mortgage fees, legal fees, furnishing costs
           | (since new builds don't even come with blinds)...
           | 
           | The average salary in London is PS41K, that leaves you with
           | take home pay of about PS30K after tax (if you have no
           | student loans).
           | 
           | So a house hold of two people living in London has about
           | PS60K per year if both earn the average pay, PS25K or more of
           | which would go to rent per year, another PS4000 will go to
           | various utility bills and council tax, another 5-5.5K would
           | go for travel (assuming you live within zone 1-4), then you
           | have food, clothing and other living expenses, so if you are
           | somehow lucky and can save up PS10K per year that's 10 years
           | to save up enough for a median property which is most likely
           | a 54 sq/m flat.
           | 
           | Add kids to this mix and well you are royally fucked.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | Why is it reasonable to assume that people earning an
             | average wage should be able to afford a home in the most
             | desirable city in the UK, and one of the most desirable
             | cities in Europe if not the world?
             | 
             | I mean, nobody complains in the US if the average family
             | can't buy a home in Manhattan. That's just unreasonable.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | "Why is it reasonable to assume that people earning an
               | average wage should be able to afford a home"
               | 
               | Whats's next, "why should an average person be able to
               | afford an education or healthcare"?
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | _> earning an average wage_
               | 
               | Average wage in London, not average overall.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | The idea is that two people on an average London wage
               | should be able to afford to live in an average home in
               | London. The truth is they can - if they can get the
               | deposit together (which is trivial if you have parents
               | you can live with for a couple of years, but if you've
               | moved to London for work and your family lives 300 miles
               | away your deposit savings go on rent). Perhaps they can't
               | live in the most desirable parts of Chelsea, but there
               | are affordable houses in the London area for a couple of
               | 41k each.
               | 
               | Personally if I had to work in London, I'd look at buying
               | a 2 bed house somewhere like Leighton Buzzard (30m
               | Euston), Gravesend (22m St Pancras), Tonbridge (35m
               | London Bridge), for about 250k.
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | > even with HTB which is a terrible policy the people who
             | can afford to buy are already in the top percentiles
             | 
             | What a load of rubbish. HTB really helped us when buying by
             | giving 5 years of interest free
             | 
             | We bought a 240k house with a 12k deposit and 48k htb.
             | Moving costs etc meant we had to find about PS17k, which we
             | borrowed.
             | 
             | Assuming you do that now, HTB means paying PS647 a month on
             | the mortgage and PS330 a month on repaying the deposit.
             | Total of PS977pcm.
             | 
             | After 5 years we sold for 240k with PS48k htb and PS160k
             | mortgage, leaving us with 32k in equity. We could have
             | remortgaged and repaid the htb at that point for a total
             | outlay of PS911pcm (with about PS500 in fees)
             | 
             | With two earners on a middle 28k a year that's falls into
             | well into the "affordable" bucket.
             | 
             | Even in London, a 600k house with htb will mean a PS30k
             | deposit (a problem) and a PS330k mortgage. Two people on
             | 41k each can borrow up to PS368k with nationwide which
             | gives an idea about affordability (you'll have to knock
             | some off for things like service charges which are
             | ubiquitious in new houses)
             | 
             | And 41k a year with a coalition loan means you have
             | PS30,310.51 per year _after student loan_ , not before. If
             | you still have a labour loan from pre-2012 you'll be paying
             | an extra PS600 a year.
             | 
             | All that's assuming a 600k loan. Reality is that help to
             | buy homes aren't that expensive. This is a decent sized 2
             | bed flat for PS375k.
             | 
             | https://www.helptobuyagent2.org.uk//property-
             | search/property...
             | 
             | Personally I think you'd be crazy to live in London when
             | there are far more reasonable places to live just half an
             | hour out of a one 1 station and far far less cost, but it
             | London is affordable for people with two London incomes.
             | 
             | If you're single on minimum wage and wanting to live in
             | central London? Well tough. Move somewhere else. Plenty of
             | choice for houses in Crewe and Stoke, and plenty of minimum
             | wage jobs.
        
               | yodsanklai wrote:
               | > you'd be crazy to live in London when there are far
               | more reasonable places to live just half an hour out of a
               | one 1 station and far far less cost
               | 
               | How much cheaper would it be? I've just moved to London
               | (living in zone 2, going a bit further didn't strike me
               | as much cheaper).
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | Depends how often you need to be in London,
               | 
               | 2 bed terrace, PS270k
               | https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/111488087
               | 
               | 40 minutes to Fenchurch Street (little less for
               | Docklands), PS65 per week//PS2600 per year.
               | 
               | 2 bed 230k
               | https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/112846073
               | 
               | 22 minutes to St Pancras, PS127 per week//5k per year
               | 
               | If you can get a 2 bed house that close to central London
               | at those prices that's great.
        
               | dogma1138 wrote:
               | HTB is a disastrous policy that did nothing but to
               | increase the prices of properties.
               | 
               | People could borrow much more than they could because the
               | government covered 40% in London and 20% outside of it.
               | 
               | Look at the new developments in London, the price is well
               | just under the HTB limit for the handful of HTB flats,
               | then there is the shared ownership racket too.
               | 
               | And commuting towns aren't that cheaper either, and that
               | is even before you account for the insane costs of rail
               | passes.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | > HTB is a disastrous policy that did nothing but to
               | increase the prices of properties.
               | 
               | It let me buy a property which I wouldn't be able to
               | without HTB, therefore your statement is objectively
               | wrong.
               | 
               | > And commuting towns aren't that cheaper either
               | 
               | Plenty of 2 bed houses in daily commuting distance for
               | PS250k - easily affordable on a London wage.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | The problem with HTB is that it sustains inflation.
               | Essentially it subsidises continued property prices'
               | growth, which, in my view, is rather nonsensical
               | economically.
               | 
               | As for saving for a deposit, I think an issue is also
               | that many people seem not to have been educated about the
               | benefits of saving at all. Bluntly, many young people I
               | see find the money for short term consumption and don't
               | save anything.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | When I was young my outgoings were mainly the cheapest
               | rent I could find. And maybe a slice of avocado toast
               | once a week /s
               | 
               | This is because rents rise to the amount someone is
               | willing to pay, which is basically what they earn,
               | because they have to live somewhere near work. If they
               | get free board then they can swiftly build up savings and
               | buy a house and continue the cycle of wealth. If they
               | have to pay, they're screwed.
        
         | rocqua wrote:
         | Note, this targets anyone buying houses to rent out. It does
         | not (like london considered) tax un-lived-in houses.
         | 
         | This is just a weird bandaid. Mostly trying to blame landlords
         | for this housing crisis when mortgage tax credits, and scarcity
         | due to weird eco regulation shenanigans are to blame.
        
           | iso1210 wrote:
           | There aren't mortgage tax credits in the UK, and I have no
           | idea what you mean by "eco regulation shenanigans"
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | They are both Dutch situations.
             | 
             | The eco regulation shenanigans is about nitrogen emissions.
             | They are limited by European regulations near protected
             | areas. The government ignored and worked around these
             | regulations for a long time. Then environmental parties
             | sued, and we were so far above the limits it was
             | essentially ruled "no more emissions". Whilst building new
             | houses causes a decent amount of emissions. This meant that
             | country wide, getting building permits became almost
             | impossible.
             | 
             | This contributed partially to our current housing shortage.
        
               | Fnoord wrote:
               | The massive shortage existed way before that lawsuit was
               | even in the making.
        
         | iso1210 wrote:
         | > Round here in Cornwall the jobs are things like surf
         | instructor, supermarket worker, barperson, etc. That's not
         | gonna stretch to the local house prices.
         | 
         | That was the case. A colleague of mine, originally from St
         | Just, moved to London for work as so many have to do. Another
         | from near Cockermouth did the same. Both now work remotely full
         | time from their 'home towns' on decent wages.
         | 
         | Covid has done wonders for local communities - good jobs are
         | now available for people without having to move across the
         | country.
         | 
         | https://www.rightmove.co.uk/properties/112353359 for example is
         | under PS300k. Assuming you got it for 300k (asking price is
         | 285k) with a 15k deposit you're looking at PS1,278.19 a month
         | with nationwide on a 30 year rate, well within the range of a
         | couple earning PS35k each, which is a reasonable
         | 
         | Now sure if you didn't get the education to get a decent job.
         | Hell even on 25k each, Nationwide can lend upto PS275k for a
         | first time buyer - just need that deposit.
        
           | itsdsmurrell wrote:
           | The real problem is how much the bank earns off the interest
           | it charges you throughout your life while it had to do
           | what?... create new money from nothing into the money supply
           | with special permissions given to it by the government. This
           | is why housing is so expensive to begin with. This bullshit
           | needs to stop.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | The bank is collect money in the future that is worth less
             | than what they leant out today - time value of money.
             | 
             | Charging 0% interest means the bank is losing money.
        
               | kingludite wrote:
               | I don't get how people can keep saying this. Is it that
               | people are told banks lend out money from depositors in
               | school?
               | 
               | Anyway, if you sign a contract that says you shall pay me
               | every month for 30 years OR ELSE I get to sell your house
               | (and whatever else you own, seize your income etc) then
               | the document with your signature IS the value created and
               | I can sell that document for what it is worth.
               | 
               | So the bank creates money not entirely out of thin air
               | but against this contract.
               | 
               | This is a fantastic deal for them as there is almost no
               | risk.
               | 
               | The seemingly few percent interest per year over 30 years
               | quickly ads up to 2 or 3 times the initial sum.
               | 
               | I suppose this would be a reasonable amount roughly
               | around the point where 3 out of 4 houses and the ground
               | under them would just vanish in thin air with their owner
               | stopping all payments after about 5 years on average.
               | 
               | The reality was that some people still had to pay rent
               | for their flooded home.
               | 
               | So we are all suckers for putting up with the scheme,
               | welcome to the club.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >>Charging 0% interest means the bank is losing money.
               | 
               | > I don't get how people can keep saying this. Is it that
               | people are told banks lend out money from depositors in
               | school?
               | 
               | They don't? Where is the money from? Due to complicated
               | reasons (ie. bundling mortgages into mortgage backed
               | securities and selling them), it might not be the case
               | that the mortgage issued by Bank A is funded by Bank A's
               | depositors, but it is the case that it's funded by
               | depositors/investors _somewhere_.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | From a technical perspective you need deposits but from a
               | practical perspective deposits never leave the system
               | except in the case of a bank run where everyone tries to
               | withdraw their money. If we assume a cashless system then
               | banks can never run out of deposits and deposits never
               | limit loan creation. Saving doesn't increase the number
               | of deposits, it just shifts them around. Borrowing money
               | increases the number of deposits.
               | 
               | https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/022416/wh
               | y-b...
               | 
               | However, saving does have one important function. It
               | creates a hole in the economy and that hole can then be
               | used for investment spending (motivated by a borrower
               | taking on a loan) without causing inflation.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >If we assume a cashless system then banks can never run
               | out of deposits and deposits never limit loan creation
               | 
               | ...except for reserve/capital requirements, right?
               | 
               | >However, saving does have one important function. It
               | creates a hole in the economy and that hole can then be
               | used for investment spending (motivated by a borrower
               | taking on a loan) without causing inflation.
               | 
               | In other words, capital isn't free as the parent poster
               | suggests.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Where is the money from?
               | 
               | It is created _ex nihilo_ , limited by reserve concerns
               | (which include hard requirements for some banks)
               | 
               | Note that the most of the money never exists in the form
               | of currency, it is just accounting entries in the banking
               | system.
        
               | 6510 wrote:
               | > Where is the money from?
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/b6_SLwReMqo
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | The system makes some sense because your fiat isn't
               | completely worthless paper as many people think but there
               | is something missing. It's that promises inherently have
               | a tendency to lapse so we artificially introduce
               | inflation. Well, the problem with inflation is that it
               | requires you to borrow more money so you replace the
               | lapsed promise with an empty promise that is bound to
               | lapse as well. If we were truly serious about letting
               | promises lapse then we would consider having negative
               | interest rates rather than inflation.
               | 
               | Rather than have 0% interest and 2% inflation there would
               | be -2% interest and 0% inflation. Less need for endless
               | debt growth and government stimulus.
        
             | eloff wrote:
             | I've wondered lately, since the government backstops both
             | banks and mortgages, shouldn't it just cut out the
             | middleman? It could either give cheaper mortgages or use
             | the difference as tax revenue.
        
               | mkr-hn wrote:
               | There's this weird brain worm from the 1980s in a lot of
               | western democracies where everything government does has
               | to be bid out to companies and driven by profit motive
               | under the theory that it produces better outcomes. It
               | doesn't seem to be working after decades of this
               | experiment, but people keep trying.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | Well, I personally think that the banks profit margins are
             | way too high but let me explain why they deserve to charge
             | a profit in the first place.
             | 
             | We can make promises to each other. Essentially write debt
             | contracts to each other at no fee. The problem is that we
             | trust each other but if we want a more complex economy than
             | a barter system allows, then we need to make it possible
             | for a third party to trust the debt contract. Through the
             | introduction of banks as middlemen they use their resources
             | to check how trustworthy the debt contract you offer to the
             | bank is. In exchange you get money, which is a liquid claim
             | on your debt contract and thousands or even millions of
             | other debt contracts. Thus the bank is primarily in the
             | business of managing risk and the management of risk
             | demands a net interest margin. If the bank didn't make
             | money off of loans then any bad loan would lose the bank
             | money and it would go bankrupt over the long term. In other
             | words, the surplus profit that the bank made off your loan
             | is its reward for correctly managing risk.
             | 
             | >This is why housing is so expensive to begin with.
             | 
             | Or it could be that housing is in high demand and banks
             | offer financing so people have more money but since
             | location is a monopoly, supply never catches up with demand
             | in popular areas. Speculators themselves simply predict
             | that there is sufficient demand for you to be willing to
             | bay $400k for a house. Speculators didn't create that
             | profit margin, it is the monopoly of land that created it
             | and they merely exploit it.
        
             | himlion wrote:
             | That's a concern after more pressing issues are solved.
        
             | dan-robertson wrote:
             | Banks don't get to create money. Quantitive Easing isn't
             | something banks can call up on demand and it isn't banks
             | getting loads of free money. Instead they sell certain
             | slightly risky assets to the government at a slightly
             | higher price than they would be worth without QE. This
             | small price difference is the free money but the bigger
             | difference is that the banks have more liquid cash to use
             | for e.g. making loans.
             | 
             | I think mortgages are pretty competitive, especially for
             | reasonably well-paid people and there isn't really that
             | much profit made by the banks (your interest corresponds to
             | inflation and the risk that you default on your loan with
             | the house price having fallen.
             | 
             | Money today is worth more than money in 25 years and you
             | have to pay the difference.
        
               | Yaa101 wrote:
               | "Banks don't get to create money." nope, they create
               | debt, which is the same in practice.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Well, if we want to use correctish terminology then banks
               | grant credit (the number on your bank account) when
               | debtors offer a promise to pay (the debt contract).
        
               | samsquire wrote:
               | Commercial banks create money when lending money.
               | 
               | https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/-/media/boe/files/quarter
               | ly-...
        
               | eurasiantiger wrote:
               | > Banks don't get to create money
               | 
               | Literally every loan a bank gives out is mostly made up
               | on the spot, everywhere in the world.
               | 
               | In some countries, banks are subject to reserve
               | requirements -- typically from fractions of a percent to
               | some percents of their liabilities to depositors.
               | Basically: banks need to cover the savings of people.
               | 
               | In the UK (and many other countries), this is not the
               | case; banks are not required to have cash on hand in
               | relation to their liabilities to depositors.
               | 
               | Instead, they are subject to capital requirements, which
               | means they need to have sufficient equities (cash,
               | securities, other financial instruments) with sufficient
               | liquidity in relation to their risk-weighted assets
               | (credit and loans). In effect: banks need to cover the
               | investments of the investors.
        
               | mkr-hn wrote:
               | The term for the type with reserve requirements is
               | fractional-reserve banking:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional-reserve_banking
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | It's not a lot to be fair, and interest rates are below
             | inflation.
        
           | arp242 wrote:
           | For a small village of less than 5,000 people nowhere near
           | any sort of city or population centre, this seems like a lot.
           | PS1,278/month is well outside the range for a lot of working
           | class and even middle class families. The median gross salary
           | in Cornwall was PS27,223 in 2020.
           | 
           | I'm baffled by your comment to be honest; not very long ago I
           | could buy a house in Bristol for the same or less.
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | > For a small village of less than 5,000 people nowhere
             | near any sort of city or population centre, this seems like
             | a lot.
             | 
             | Not really, people want to live there, and can now live
             | there while working in a decent job, raise a family, send
             | kids to school, etc.
             | 
             | Without remote work, villages like that are meaningless.
             | Communication and social changes caused by covid have
             | allowed people to actually live in remote villages.
             | 
             | > For a small village of less than 5,000 people nowhere
             | near any sort of city or population centre, this seems like
             | a lot.
             | 
             | Not really, people want to live there, and can now live
             | there while working in a decent job, raise a family, send
             | kids to school, etc.
             | 
             | Without remote work, villages like that are meaningless.
             | Communication and social changes caused by covid have
             | allowed people to actually live in remote villages.
             | 
             | House prices have shot up since the mid 90s as they become
             | more affordable. A new 3 bed home in say east anglia is
             | more affordable now (compared with median wages) than it
             | was in 1980, despite being far far more expensive to buy.
             | That's because
             | 
             | 1) Most households have two incomes rather than one 2)
             | Interest rates are much lower
             | 
             | House prices rise to the level people are able to pay for
             | them. Remote work has allowed people to live in villages
             | like St Just and continue in a decent job, which is great.
             | Before it was mainly retirees and holiday owners, neither
             | of which were good for the area.
        
           | Dayshine wrote:
           | Median post-tax household income in the UK is PS30k. So,
           | PS25k each is roughly PS20k post-tax, so you're looking at
           | the top 30% of households.
           | 
           | Admittedly this includes households including people who are
           | "retired" but I think that's reasonable as plenty of people
           | have to keep working even though they're receiving a pension.
           | 
           | https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/personal.
           | ..
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | Median weekly earnings for full-time employees reached
             | PS585 in April 2019, an increase of 2.9% since April 2018
             | [0]
             | 
             | That's PS30k a year.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/people
             | inwor...
        
           | DrBazza wrote:
           | > Now sure if you didn't get the education to get a decent
           | job. Hell even on 25k each, Nationwide can lend upto PS275k
           | for a first time buyer - just need that deposit.
           | 
           | This horrifies me. Even the slightest increase in interest
           | rates will ruin a huge number of home owners.
           | 
           | On the other hand, home ownership in the UK isn't normal
           | either. It's only since the 50s or perhaps 60s that the
           | average person has been able to afford a home. And then again
           | in the 80s with council houses sold off to tenants.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | >This horrifies me. Even the slightest increase in interest
             | rates will ruin a huge number of home owners.
             | 
             | And the slightest increase in inflation will benefit them.
             | 
             | A competent central bank would make sure that it all
             | balances out.
        
               | DrBazza wrote:
               | Having lived through the 70s and 80s, the last 30 years
               | have been relatively stable by comparison. But different.
               | Zero interest rates, ERM, and QE, versus inflation,
               | stagflation, currency devaluation, decimalisation and the
               | winter of discontent. I can wait to see what black swans
               | we get in the next 20 or 30 years. My point being really,
               | the classic finance phrase, past performance is no
               | guarantee of future performance.
        
             | galdosdi wrote:
             | Usually mortgages are a fixed rate for the life of the loan
             | (usually 30 years) -- at least here in the USA. Variable
             | rate (eg "ARM") mortgages are also available but are less
             | common and mostly used for short term flipping and the
             | like, for the very reason you say -- nobody wants to risk a
             | rising payment due to rising rates.
             | 
             | Is the situation very different in the UK? Do Britishers
             | actually prefer variable rate mortgages for some bizarre
             | reason?
             | 
             | Edit: I did my own research and was shocked to find that in
             | the UK it sounds like variable is indeed more or at least
             | as common as fixed and that even fixed tends to be fixed
             | only for the first 5-10 years!This is the opposite of the
             | US, where I know someone on a normal middle class
             | circumstance who just secured a 3.25% 30 year fixed
             | mortgage, and this is extremely common right now if you
             | have good credit. Even the "scary and risky" variable
             | mortgages in America are things like a 5/1 ARM which is
             | fixed for the first 5 years, which sound like they'd be
             | relatively low risk for the UK!
             | 
             | I am baffled. Is the great advantage for the American
             | homeowner simply due to the wages of empire, ie dollar
             | supremacy? Federal policy favoring homeowners? Or what? I
             | did always wonder how banks could afford to provide such a
             | good deal.
             | 
             | This is a vast difference really worth wondering about; I
             | hope someone has some insight.
             | 
             | Source: https://www.money.co.uk/mortgages/should-you-get-a-
             | fixed-tra...
        
               | ljm wrote:
               | A lot of things in the UK are set up essentially with the
               | notion that you shop around as much as you can to get the
               | best deal, but it extends to credit cards, utility bills,
               | internet, your mobile phone plan, etc. and not just one-
               | off purchases.
               | 
               | You have little to no incentive to stick around as a
               | long-term customer when there will be a fresh new deal
               | enticing you to switch whenever your last contract
               | expires. It's often more expensive not to switch as
               | there's no benefit to being loyal to an energy or
               | telecoms firm.
               | 
               | This arguably extends to mortgages too.
               | 
               | At the root of it all is that there's more competition
               | between these elements and legislation has forced
               | businesses to make it easy to switch providers at no
               | cost. Anecdotally, I've been through three different ISPs
               | in as many years in order to keep my internet costs down.
               | 
               | That doesn't directly address the question, it just
               | highlights a mindset.
        
               | dajomu wrote:
               | I've been on a 3 year fixed rate mortgage here in the UK.
               | The first 3 years are something like 1.8%, after that it
               | goes up to something like 3.6%. The idea is that you
               | remortgage every three years at no extra cost, so you
               | should be effectively paying that lower rate for the full
               | term of your mortgage, that is unless the economy tanks
               | and interest rates go through the roof...
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Usually mortgages are a fixed rate for the life of the
               | loan (usually 30 years) -- at least here in the USA.
               | 
               | Note that the very low share of ARMs is a recent (post
               | Great Recession) phenomenon. Prior to that, ARMs were
               | typically a large minority of loans.
               | 
               | https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/research/cu
               | rre...
        
               | galdosdi wrote:
               | Ah, makes sense. Low rates, you want fixed. High rates,
               | you want variable. I just don't understand how the bank
               | puts up with it.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Most of the ARMs were sold with very little downward
               | adjustability. With rates at historic highs, the ones I
               | was seeing when mortgage shopping in 2006ish consistently
               | had wide open upward adjustment and one 0.25% step
               | available of downward adjustment to their minimim rate
               | from the initial rate.
               | 
               | The bank wasn't taking much risk on the adjustable rate.
        
               | galdosdi wrote:
               | I mean the risk the banks take today offering a fixed 30
               | year note at a very low rate, if there is significant
               | inflation or rate increases anytime soon. It seems like a
               | very good deal for the buyer right now and for the last
               | decade.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | Fixes in the UK now are typically 2, 3, 5 or 10 years,
               | certainly not life of mortgage. Idea is that prices
               | increase and you repay the mortgage and you remortgage
               | onto a better rate (so start with 90% 5 year fix, after 5
               | years you've paid down to 85% of the original value, but
               | value has increased so you now remortgage onto 75% LTV
               | which is a lower rate than you would have on 90% LTV as
               | it's less risky.
               | 
               | Mortgage rates in the UK are far lower than 3.25% though
               | -- 80% LTV on a 10 year fix with nationwide is 2.8%, 2
               | year fix is 1.54%.
               | 
               | Drop that to 60% LTV and 2 year is 1%, 5 year 1.1% and 10
               | year 2%.
               | 
               | It all falls down if rates were to shoot up, or house
               | prices were to shoot down. The UK government
               | traditionally protects house prices like the US
               | government protects the S&P though. A house price crash
               | is bad for polling.
        
               | DrBazza wrote:
               | Uk banks offer a wide range of mortgages. Interest rates
               | used to be set by the government rather than the Bank of
               | England and were a political tool until the late 90s.
               | That added to uncertainty and pushed people to fixed
               | mortgages. Then the era of low interest rates arrived and
               | people were locked in to high fixed rate mortgages which
               | had a fee to get out of.
               | 
               | Now there are Australian type mortgages, basically repay
               | as quick as you can, that are variable rate plus X. Or
               | fixed and floating, or pure fixed. It generally depends
               | on your personal position.
        
         | ___luigi wrote:
         | > walking back to hotel at night, only about 30% of houses had
         | any lights on.
         | 
         | I wish a data scientist at utilities (water, electricity and
         | gas) providers pick up this line and provide some statistics on
         | this. I wish also that city-services companies (e.g.
         | Electricity/water/parking service provider) can collaborate to
         | provide better and justified policy making.
         | 
         | I did similar studies based on open data to provide insights on
         | road/sidewalk optimization usage, and I still see value in
         | collaboration with policy makers.
        
           | mordae wrote:
           | Pirates tried to investigate the situation from this angle
           | only to be publicly shamed for being commies, spying on
           | people. They only wanted district aggregate statistics.
        
           | spangry wrote:
           | There's an organisation called Prosper Australia that does
           | analysis of 'speculative vacancies' in Melbourne using water
           | consumption data: https://www.prosper.org.au/wp-
           | content/uploads/2021/01/Prospe...
        
         | icelandicmoss wrote:
         | Similar situation for York -- tourist hotspot, a large chunk of
         | the local jobs in tourism/customer service, retail, food
         | service etc. Article in the local press in the last year (which
         | I obviously can't find now) found that something like 95% of
         | the properties on sale were unaffordable on the median wage of
         | a local resident.
         | 
         | And then you get articles like this one:
         | https://yorkmix.com/york-is-the-norths-property-hotspot-as-i...
         | Funny thing is, this article happens to be a total submarine --
         | I recognise the development they're describing, it's been there
         | for years and has not sold well (totally overpriced) -- this
         | article and others like it are just an attempt to drum up
         | further demand.
         | 
         | Really frustrating that when we have so many people needing
         | housing, homes are built entirely with the objective of selling
         | them to people who already have homes elsewhere!
         | 
         | First houses should have priority over second houses please.
        
         | ed_blackburn wrote:
         | Another Cornishman here (Par). The financial destitution and
         | how much harder they have to work for the same things I do in
         | the South East is unsustainable. Cornwall has Luther to the
         | right politically and that's because there's been some useful
         | scapegoats. Now those scapegoats have been slain and things are
         | getting worse not better I hope we'll see policies that are
         | focused on root cause issues instead of ideology (left or
         | right). Property is an obvious example. Dormant second home now
         | means the Cornish rent or live in low quality new build
         | accommodation (hello Wainhomes) but when communities are
         | hollowed out and empty through winter local businesses fail and
         | the destitution affects even the pretty locations. Those people
         | wonder what happened to the quaint fishing village their second
         | home is in. Why is cafe closed, the nearest shop a supermarket
         | that is a 30 min drive away. Why is their a drug problem? Why
         | are the pins all boarded up etc etc. I hope Cornwall and it's
         | political representatives can act before the bust comes and
         | find a balance between tourism and building sustainable local
         | businesses in different sectors. The obvious place to start is
         | accommodation. If people cannot put a roof over their head how
         | can a community function least of all an economy.
        
           | makomk wrote:
           | Unfortunately, the British press and all the wealthy people
           | with second homes still have Brexit as a scapegoat for why
           | cafes and shops in tourist destinations can't find staff.
           | Never mind the fact that AirBNB and second homes have pushed
           | up house prices and rents to the point that it's impossible
           | to live there on the kind of pay those jobs have, according
           | to the media it's all the fault of Brexit driving away the
           | foreign workers who had to do the jobs because all the
           | Brexit-voting morons who were brainwashed into blaming the EU
           | are too lazy to do them.
        
             | afuchs wrote:
             | There's a dead comment later in this thread which using
             | directed abusive language towards another commenter while
             | linking to a Louis Rossmann video.
             | 
             | The video [1] was interesting, although the dead comment
             | seemed to completely ignore the video's [1] main point,
             | where Louis talks about a hypothesis [2] where in New York
             | City there may be an incentive structure between real
             | estate investors and banks which is creating a market
             | failure. The hypothesis [2] is that a building's assessed
             | value is based on the rental prices that the landlord asks
             | for even if nobody will reasonably pay those rents. The
             | hypothesis speculates that, if a building's assessed value
             | is lowered, it could trigger conditions in loan contracts
             | that penalize the landlord or investor. Because of this,
             | there may be an incentive for the landlord to keep
             | buildings vacant instead of lowering their prices to market
             | rate.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfHQZj3_TX4&t=580s
             | 
             | [2] https://www.reddit.com/r/nyc/comments/innhah/nearly_two
             | third...
        
               | silexia wrote:
               | I am not a housing investor, but I see many misguided
               | articles claiming housing investors are driving prices
               | up.
               | 
               | The factors that primarily control pricing in the housing
               | market are supply and demand.
               | 
               | In Seattle, London, Los Angeles and elsewhere demand has
               | risen steadily but supply has not. This causes prices to
               | increase sharply.
               | 
               | The solution is to increase the housing supply. If the
               | government removes regulations preventing developers from
               | building new houses and apartments, many more will be
               | built and prices will drop.
               | 
               | Many young people prefer to live in inexpensive high
               | density housing. I remember looking at renting an
               | apartment without a kitchen (there was a big shared
               | kitchen for the whole floor) and without its own bathroom
               | in my early twenties. Monthly rental price on this is
               | around $300 per month as compared to $1,600 for a single
               | bedroom apartment. Why aren't there more of these?
               | Government regulation prevents them from being built.
               | 
               | Government permitting processes take years to go through
               | and cost millions of dollars for big new apartment
               | buildings or for residential developments. If we lighten
               | / remove these regulations, housing supply will decrease
               | dramatically.
               | 
               | If you don't want housing investors bidding up housing
               | prices, then allow the supply to continuously increase.
               | This will continuously drive down prices and no investors
               | will want to buy.
        
               | mancerayder wrote:
               | Well, when you apply for loans the bank will want to know
               | (and will send an appraiser) to estimate sales and rental
               | values. If the developer's expectations on rental or
               | sales income on a multifamily property are higher than
               | the reality, and they lower sales prices (condos) or
               | rental amounts, there's potential for them to get called
               | to provide more capital. Because they may reappraise.
               | What I've just explained probably has its own vocabulary
               | I'm not using in the commercial real estate world, but my
               | experience here is that my building has this problem and
               | the brokers explained why they preferred to leave things
               | vacant.
               | 
               | As it turns out, after 18 months, as the city comes back
               | after the pandemic, the vacancies are now suddenly much
               | lower. The building for 1/3 full for years.
        
               | bdowling wrote:
               | > The hypothesis speculates that, if a building's
               | assessed value is lowered, it could trigger conditions in
               | loan contracts that penalize the landlord or investor.
               | 
               | This is the issue exactly. A commercial mortgage lender
               | will insist on a certain maximum Loan-to-Value ratio. The
               | value of the property is directly related to the long-
               | term income that it generates (i.e., the net present
               | value of all future cash flows). If the amounts of cash
               | flows go down, then the value of the property goes down
               | and the loan-to-value ratio goes up. In a commercial
               | loan, the lender can often call the loan due at certain
               | times during the term of the loan for any reason. One big
               | reason to do so is if the loan-to-value ratio goes up
               | beyond the level that the lender was comfortable with.
               | Refinancing in such a circumstance could be very
               | expensive. Thus, it may make more sense for an owner to
               | keep a property vacant and lose money temporarily than to
               | take on a tenant at a lower rent and possibly cause the
               | lender to call the loan.
        
             | ForHackernews wrote:
             | That's a self-correcting problem, isn't it? Either those
             | cafes and shops will raise prices and pay their staff more,
             | or they'll close down. I've never understood why we're
             | supposed to feel bad for "small business owners" who won't
             | find staff when paying peanuts for their crappy jobs.
        
               | aikinai wrote:
               | You think those small business owners are packing away
               | substantial profits they could use to pay staff
               | significantly more?
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | From my gut feeling it doesn't seem that small business
               | owners actually get the funding they deserve from banks.
               | Only big businesses actually get those low interest
               | rates.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | If a business can only exist by having serfs it wildly
               | underpays then maybe it deserves to lose out to the big
               | chains.
        
               | HelloNurse wrote:
               | Compared to a small business the "big chains" might be
               | able to operate with smaller profit margins, or have
               | lower non-labor costs, or profit from owned real estate,
               | but it isn't enough for long term viability. Excessive
               | rents are going to turn any neighbourhood into a desert
               | like South Kensington.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Or they could turn to automation, eliminate their labor
               | costs substantially. Eg that cafe can turn into a bunch
               | of vending machines.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Sure, they could do that too.
        
               | llampx wrote:
               | Big chains aren't exactly known for treating unskilled
               | workers with kids gloves. Amazon comes to mind, as does
               | Walmart.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | And yet they pay substantially better wages with better
               | benefits on average. Even labor law compliance is much
               | better (not to mention that small businesses are exempt
               | from many regulations in the first place).
        
               | redis_mlc wrote:
               | oh, the newb HN Econ 101 argument again.
               | 
               | > we're supposed to feel bad for "small business owners"
               | 
               | Yes, you should.
               | 
               | What will happen is this. When their commercial lease
               | comes up for renewal, the small business owner won't
               | renew. Then you'll write even more idiotic posts like,
               | "Why's there no entertainment venues in the area?"
               | 
               | HN is so out-of-touch with businesses on the other side
               | of the keyboard.
               | 
               | Here's a clue, Marxist. As corona recedes, the news will
               | start reporting on the craggy shoals of bk's and suicidal
               | small business owners that surface. You know, the people
               | you have no empathy for, but make up the character of a
               | city.
               | 
               | You can watch Louis Rossman's Youtube channel on how
               | retailers have abandoned the most prime New York
               | locations in the world to see how it plays out.
               | 
               | "Madison Ave. is 39% empty"
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfHQZj3_TX4
        
               | limograf wrote:
               | Sure, they can raise prices but the customers who paid
               | PS350,000 for their charming holiday cottage won't pay
               | PS35 for a cup of coffee. The house prices are so out of
               | touch with the rest of the economy, there's no way to
               | catch up for normal people. So the cafe closes.
               | 
               | The self correction should actually be the house price
               | crashing, but the UK government consistently props up,
               | and pumps, the market.
               | 
               | The average house price in Salcombe (Devon) is PS950,000!
               | That's 30 average salaries.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | We're in a suicide spiral where fiscal policy has staved
               | off economic malaise by kicking the can down the road.
               | 
               | Interest rates have been kept low, which drives real
               | property prices up. Everyone intuitively knows that
               | collapse or high inflation is the endgame, so money
               | flocks to property, which drives up demand.
               | 
               | The issue isn't the coffee shop in the fishing village,
               | it's that the fishermen are selling real estate now and
               | nobody actually lives in the village.
               | 
               | You can see this in many places. Lake George, NY is a
               | great example - beautiful village, great location, but
               | can only support tshirt shops from Memorial Day to Labor
               | Day. Manhattan is the same way -- the Lower East Side is
               | like a museum of what Manhattan was like, with $2M condo
               | apartments being randomly dropped in and 1/3 of the
               | storefronts vacant.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Low interest rates have made everything cheap but the
               | supply of housing (specifically land) is extremely
               | inflexible. You can make more cars but not land. The
               | location value of your house skyrockets at the expense of
               | everyone else.
               | 
               | However, make no mistake. The problem isn't money. Even
               | if you buy your house with Bitcoin you will run into the
               | same problem. The problem is that location is a a
               | monopoly. You can tax it or let it run wild.
        
               | devdas wrote:
               | Nothing that a wealth tax on the current value of land
               | won't fix. Make property taxes to the value of the number
               | of people that land should support in a highrise
               | configuration, and let the current owners pay it.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | I'm not making any mistake, cheap money is absolutely the
               | biggest problem that we have today.
               | 
               | My former mentor bought a house on Nantucket for $150k in
               | 1990, sold for $3.5M earlier this year. That appreciation
               | isn't due to inflation or the constrained supply of homes
               | -- it's always been constrained. It's due to increased
               | demand fueled by excess capital.
               | 
               | There's no money in traditional banking. Even with
               | negligible interest, the spread is very tight. The only
               | way to compete is with volume, aggregation and fee for
               | service, and the only way to get volume is to lower
               | standards.
               | 
               | IMO, we're in an economic time period similar to the
               | 1860's.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | > My former mentor bought a house on Nantucket for $150k
               | in 1990, sold for $3.5M earlier this year.
               | 
               | That is literally a luxury good with a fixed supply. As
               | the # of people who desire that good has sky rocketed
               | generation to generation, of course the price went up.
               | 
               | There are limited production run cars from that era that
               | underwent similar price inflation.
               | 
               | For someone who wants to live in Nantucket, there is
               | literally no substitutable good!
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | > That is literally a luxury good with a fixed supply. As
               | the # of people who desire that good has sky rocketed
               | generation to generation, of course the price went up.
               | 
               | We're arguing the same thing. Everyone wants to go to the
               | beach. The ability to get cash to do so increased demand.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | > You can make more cars but not land.
               | 
               | Lots of land exists, the issue is desirable cities, and
               | western countries have gotten really bad at making those.
               | 
               | China spent the first decade of the 21st century creating
               | urban cities left and right, ignore the western
               | propaganda of "ghost cities", and also spent time
               | urbanizing what America would consider "suburban" towns.
               | 
               | Meanwhile western nations are dead set on never
               | increasing the # of desirable urban environments, and
               | then it is all surprise Pikachu when house prices
               | skyrocket.
        
               | mrkstu wrote:
               | Whole states like Idaho and Utah have seen skyrocketing
               | prices for homes- this is in no way limited to specific
               | urban environments.
        
               | spockz wrote:
               | The point is that before there existed an ecosystem. That
               | "peanuts" is what the business owner was able to afford
               | to pay which was enough for the employees to make a
               | somewhat decent living. Now that isn't possible anymore.
               | The objection is to the change/disruption of a local
               | ecosystem by outsiders.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | Blaming outsiders - classic strategy, can't go wrong!
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | We are blaming outsiders for giving us too much money.
               | Where is all that money going if not into the hands of
               | locals who are selling their property?
        
               | im3w1l wrote:
               | Consider a community of 10000 households. 5000 rent their
               | housing, 4500 own their own place, and 500 own more than
               | one place. Now outsiders enter the picture and buy
               | property driving up the prices. The 5000 renting
               | households are now in trouble. If rents go up they are
               | squeezed that way. With rent control there are still
               | issues: Their kids are unable to move out, and
               | separations become tricky. For the 4500 it's a mixed bag.
               | They have the same issues with splitting the household,
               | but they also have advantages. They can do a reverse
               | mortgage and live well. Or they call sell and live well
               | elsewhere. For the 500 elite households it's a pure win,
               | they can buy more yachts than before.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > Now outsiders enter the picture and buy property
               | 
               | Buy it from who? Locals. So who gets the money? Locals.
               | 
               | But anyway the point was don't divide people into
               | insiders and 'outsiders'.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Your solution is the problem. The house prices are a
               | blood-sucking squid, and you are pay for them every time
               | you get a coffee or get any service - half the money is
               | going to the labdowner that contributes nothing to the
               | economy. That's why a coffee costs PS5 and a plumber
               | charges PS100 an hour
               | 
               | But we have fools that celebrate rising house prices
               | because their nominal net worth went up
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | If prices were going down would things be better? You
               | bought a 500,000 and in ten years it will be worth
               | 100,000 would you still make that investment?
               | 
               | Everyone wants prices to remain the same forever. That
               | takes a neutral population growth or more supply
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | >If prices were going down would things be better? You
               | bought a 500,000 and in ten years it will be worth
               | 100,000 would you still make that investment?
               | 
               | The idea that holding a property and doing absolutely
               | nothing with it is an "investment" is absurd. The only
               | people who would buy that home are those who want to live
               | in it or who want to rent it out to someone who wants to
               | live in it.
               | 
               | No I wouldn't make that "investment". I would just rent
               | the property out without "investing" the property.
        
               | mellavora wrote:
               | I've read that in many Asian countries houses are seen as
               | a depreciating asset.
               | 
               | And I've noticed that in the US, the observations that
               | cars are typically depreciating assets never really
               | stopped people from buying them.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | By this logic no one would buy food, as it drastically
               | depreciates in a minuscule amount of time.
               | 
               | The real economy is the one that fulfills people's needs.
               | Real-estate investment is parasitic to the real economy -
               | it locks money away and artificially increases the price
               | of a basic necessity. This has always been recognized in
               | even basic economics with the concept of "rent-seeking" -
               | unproductive activity that still makes money, such as
               | literally charging rent.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | >investment
               | 
               | That's exactly the problem right there. A house can be a
               | place to live or an investment, but not both. I myself
               | think it's a bit to silly to spend labour and resources
               | building a concrete box for the latter purpose, so I'd
               | much rather houses fulfill their purpose as homes for
               | people to live in.
        
               | panarky wrote:
               | > but not both
               | 
               | Certainly a place to live can also be an investment.
               | 
               | Just like a work of art can also be an investment.
               | 
               | And a plumbing business can be an investment and also fix
               | your pipes.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | You missed the point - a plumbing business is an
               | investment, just like a construction business. But no-one
               | buys an old set of pipes and calls that an investment,
               | and we understand that would be dumb.
               | 
               | If houses are to be an investment, their prices will keep
               | rising and they become unaffordable. When consumer goods
               | themselves are an investment, standards of living fall
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Certainly yes, it would be better - the value of a car
               | goes down, do you still make an 'investment'? No, you buy
               | a car if you need a car, we don't call buying a car
               | 'investment', we don't encourage people to hoard cars
               | they don't need, it contributes nothing to the economy.
               | 
               | The optimal situation is for cars and houses to be as
               | cheap as possible relative to earnings, that's what we
               | call economic growth and improved quality of life.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Housing (the structures) depreciates in Japan now of
               | days, and so they mostly don't have this problem.
        
             | cutler wrote:
             | And driving wages down is the answer to what, exactly?
        
             | nkrisc wrote:
             | >it's all the fault of Brexit driving away the foreign
             | workers who had to do the jobs
             | 
             | Forgive me since I'm American, but wasn't getting rid of
             | foreigners taking jobs one of the selling points of Brexit?
        
               | fxtentacle wrote:
               | It was, but now that they're gone it's only become more
               | obvious that locals simply don't want those jobs.
        
               | user5994461 wrote:
               | Of course nobody wants these jobs. A lot of positions
               | were filled by tourists and travelers who stayed there
               | for a little while and worked a bit to earn side money.
               | 
               | - Staff at a restaurant is PS8 an hour, that is minimum
               | wage.
               | 
               | - Expect two shifts far apart, around 11am-2pm and
               | 7pm-11pm.
               | 
               | - Work on Saturday and Sunday and some of the week. You
               | will never know more than a few days ahead when you are
               | expected to work.
        
               | flir wrote:
               | Yup. Immigration was _the_ issue. Bunch of other stuff
               | around the edges like English exceptionalism.
               | 
               | Note that laurent92 talks about "Englishmen" not "British
               | voices". That's incredibly telling.
        
               | makomk wrote:
               | It was, especially getting rid of the kind of immigration
               | that turned blue-collar working-class jobs into something
               | that no-one local could possibly live on. Perhaps more
               | importantly, all the educated influential opponents of
               | Brexit insisted that this wasn't happening, that the idea
               | EU immigration was driving down wages was a cynical lie.
               | I'm pretty sure that it is not lost on most of the
               | supporters of Brexit that the media is trying to spin the
               | fact companies are having to put up wages now we've left
               | as further proof Brexit was based on lies.
        
               | mmarq wrote:
               | > that the idea EU immigration was driving down wages was
               | a cynical lie
               | 
               | It was a lie, EU citizens in the UK earn significantly
               | more than the locals. If I wanted to be a member of the
               | underclass, say a cleaner, I'd be in Germany, where I
               | wouldn't have to pay 6KPS for pregnancy and 12KPSpa to
               | send a child to a half-decent primary school.
        
               | yardie wrote:
               | The primary driving force was nativism. Even right up to
               | the end the UK wanted to remain in the common market, but
               | part of being in the common market is freedom to migrate.
               | 
               | It also exposed the loss of influence the UK had in the
               | EU. Many provisions were carved out for them in the 80s.
               | But when it came to the EC the EU was not making any
               | exceptions for them this time.
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | No, it was recovering the freedom that was getting eaten
               | by Europe, and listening to the vote of the UK people
               | again. Whether it ends up in "getting rid of foreigners"
               | or anything else would only be a second-order result of
               | listening to the Englishman's vote, if that is what they
               | still vote for in 10 years. The goal of Brexit was
               | democracy, not particular measures left or right.
        
               | sideshowb wrote:
               | Amusing you equate democracy with the English vote.
               | Sincerely, Scotland, Wales and NI
        
               | rfrey wrote:
               | I understand there are other factors at play (to say the
               | least) in NI, but can you explain the incentive Scotland
               | and Wales have to stay in the UK? I'd have thought they'd
               | be gearing up for full scale separation referendums by
               | now.
        
               | Filligree wrote:
               | It's the same incentives the UK had to stay in Europe.
               | Ninety plus percent of their trade is with each other.
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | I'm equating democracy with listening to the most
               | numerous. You have been thoroughly defeated with 3
               | blatant-majority votes in 4 years. If you don't like it,
               | you were never in favour of democracy, and if you are not
               | in solidarity with your English mates, tell me about
               | solidarity with an entire continent.
               | 
               | Name a single country that succeeded to leave EU without
               | retaliation from said EU and I'll eat my hat. EU is not a
               | choice for most of us on the continent. We're not free to
               | leave, and we were manipulated into joining.
               | 
               | Long story short: The simple fact that it required not 1
               | but 3 blatant-majority votes for elites to register that
               | yes, UK people wanted to leave EU, is a sufficient proof
               | that EU is not listening to the most numerous.
               | 
               | And let's not even talk about the quantity of funding,
               | sponsorship and 4x3 billboards it took to swerve
               | Scotland's, Wales and NI in favor of EU. Manipulation is
               | in plain sight here.
        
               | dmje wrote:
               | Personally I see the b/s scaremongering, the likes of the
               | Farage bus and the hateful rhetoric of the Daily Heil as
               | the "plain sight manipulation" in creating a manufactured
               | problem with the EU which simply never existed, but each
               | to their own.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
             | AirBNB, second homes, and rentals aren't pushing up rents
             | and house prices even a fraction as much as central banks
             | artificially lowering interest rates, zoning laws, and
             | NIMBYism.
             | 
             | Population growth and lower family formation rates - which
             | is hard to blame on anyone but women actually having a
             | choice for their own lives - are much bigger reasons for
             | price increases than AirBNB and second homes pretty much
             | everywhere outside of the most touristy vacation
             | destinations.
        
         | heresie-dabord wrote:
         | Wages have been stagnant for _decades_ while the cost of living
         | has increased... and now housing has become a _privilege_.
         | 
         | Yes, there are "rich foreigners" and some corporations are
         | strategically acquiring the places and spaces where high rent
         | can be extracted. But what has driven housing cost in the
         | market of individual homes is simply that some citizens can
         | afford to borrow at low rates, and other citizens are seizing
         | the opportunity to _realise gains_ that they could not attain
         | through a lifetime of work, wage increases, and other
         | investing.
         | 
         | It is grim to work for years and have nothing else to show for
         | it.
         | 
         | Young families, workers, the elderly, and the poor will be
         | unable to afford even tenancy in the big cities. (To turn dark
         | for just a moment, we only really seem to have a _plan_ for the
         | elderly.) The future control of crucial urban voting-blocks in
         | Western democracies will be in the hands of _landlords_.
        
           | bushbaba wrote:
           | The governments are to blame. If conventional mortgages were
           | capped to 1 per person. And a minimum of 80% ltv was
           | required. Then houses would be cheaper.
           | 
           | Instead the government is letting people put low money down,
           | low interest rates, and buy up many houses at once. That of
           | course inflated housing costs.
        
             | heresie-dabord wrote:
             | > The governments are to blame.
             | 
             | Governments are reluctant to oppose profiteering. And with
             | stagnant wages and rising COL, working people are being
             | squeezed out of ownership.
             | 
             | The British band XTC had a prescient song -- "Where did the
             | ordinary people go?" They couldn't afford to live in their
             | hometowns anymore!
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | I like this idea. I'd add in though you gotta do something
             | about corporate ownership though.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | toomanybeersies wrote:
         | Has it ever been possible to buy a house on minimum wage?
        
           | varjag wrote:
           | I moved here years ago and was having doubts if it's the
           | right time to buy at these insane property prices. A coworker
           | said "I know some people who've been holding out for fair
           | housing prices since 1949, they are still waiting".
        
             | cutler wrote:
             | Anyone remember Fair Rent tribunals in the UK? Abolished by
             | the Conservatives in the late 80s along with higher
             | education grants. The 70s and early 80s were a golden age
             | for more than just music.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | Not sure about minimum wage. But certainly for regular blue
           | collar labour it was. And I don't see why it should not have
           | been.
        
           | te_chris wrote:
           | UK's also only had a min wage since Blair
        
           | lsiebert wrote:
           | Yes, depending on where you buy. Many homes are much cheaper
           | outside of major cities.
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | That'd have to be a PS60k house.
        
               | taffronaut wrote:
               | They do exist. If you can work remotely or don't mind the
               | commute to Cardiff - welcome to Merthyr!
               | 
               | https://www.rightmove.co.uk/house-
               | prices/detailMatching.html...
        
               | sideshowb wrote:
               | Not a very popular view among the Valleys LAs though who
               | aspire to be something other than dormitories for Cardiff
        
               | kingludite wrote:
               | 40 years ago some family homes in NL cost 35 k guilders
               | or 16 k euro. 2 floors, 2 bedrooms, front and back yard.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | inter_netuser wrote:
           | Yes. I even knew welfare recepients who bought a property
           | while on welfare.
           | 
           | Pepperidge farms remembers.
        
         | traceroute66 wrote:
         | > spending time in South Kensington - walking back to hotel at
         | night, only about 30% of houses had any lights on.
         | 
         | South Kensington is a bit of a curiosity.
         | 
         | It is predominantly bordered by Chelsea and Knightsbridge.
         | 
         | Chelsea is Russian country, if you are a wealthy Russian,
         | Chelsea is the place to be. Unless you are a Russian oligarch,
         | in which case there are one or two spots a bit further away
         | where you can splash super serious cash on rarer properties.
         | 
         | Knightsbridge is wealthy Arab country, when it gets too hot in
         | the Middle East summer, they flock to Knightsbridge with their
         | imported Ferraris to stay in their London houses.
         | 
         | But South Kensington is a bit different. Its not attractive to
         | the Russians or Arabs. Not many of the properties there remain
         | single occupant, they've been mostly subdivided in to
         | individual flats or re-purposed for office (or educational use
         | ... there are lots of cram-schools, colleges and nurseries
         | round there).
        
           | yawaworht1978 wrote:
           | What about Notting hill, a bedsit can go for 2000 quid per
           | week there, it's in Kensington. Average London rent prices
           | are 1600 quid, that is before council tax, internet and the
           | dreaded tv licence. A more granular overview is Location
           | Studio One bedroom Kensington and Chelsea PS1,427 PS2,062
           | Islington PS1,383 PS1,565 Tower Hamlets PS1,398 PS1,547
           | Westminster PS1,371 PS2,113 Lambeth PS1,240 PS1,595
           | 
           | One bedroom is not sufficient to raise a family, I think
           | that's safe to say.
           | 
           | So let's move on to the 2 and 3 bedroom properties
           | 
           | Location Ttwo br 3Wbr swestmisnsterPS 2,920 PS4,152 Camden PS
           | 2,254 PS2,880 Kensingtonelsea PS3,030 PS4,938 Islington
           | PS1,934 PS2,487
           | 
           | Hammersmith a 1,922 PS2,653
           | 
           | Sorry for the formatting.
           | 
           | Cheapest
           | 
           | BBexleyPS. 1,105 PS1,281 Havering PS1,120 PS1,384 Redbridge
           | PS1,293 PS1,589 Sutton PS 1,163 PS1,498 Waltham Forest
           | PS1,364 PS1,649
           | 
           | These are before council tax and other costs, which are gonna
           | be laughed at by oligarchs but they do count for normal
           | people.
           | 
           | The new houses nnextto Westfield shopping centre cost around
           | 2000 quid before council tax , zone 3 classic houses with a
           | garden go for 1500 before council tax. its really bad in all
           | London, unless you make 50k after taxes and most devs don't
           | make that money there. t
        
             | traceroute66 wrote:
             | > its really bad in all London
             | 
             | I don't disagree with you there.
             | 
             | Aside from the Chelsea and Knightsbridge style stories,
             | overall London suffers from a problem of (a) too much buy-
             | to-let nonsense going on (b) off-plan new-build
             | developments which are sold off-plan predominantly to
             | offshore buyers (mostly Chinese using it as a way to get
             | chunks of money out of China, but also other nationalities
             | too). All those new-builds South of the River for example,
             | almost exclusively off-plan jobs.
             | 
             | The present government is not helping either. They are
             | unashamedly on the side of the property developers out
             | there to make a quick buck, not Londoners.
             | 
             | I absolutely do feel for those on low / minimum wage in
             | London who are pushed out of the market and having to face
             | horrible commutes to be able to live somewhere remotely
             | affordable.
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | Yeah a lot are not residential, a lot of those that are are
           | subdivided into flats, and a chunk of those that remain may
           | just not be occupied outside term time or during a pandemic.
           | 
           | But mostly it's that they're not residential to begin with.
           | Many more are linked to an embassy, restaurants, clubs,
           | nurseries, storage, etc. than you'd realise from 'walking
           | back to hotel at night'.
        
         | headmelted wrote:
         | I mean, it's an easily fixable problem.
         | 
         | Punitively heavy land taxes on non-primary dwellings solves
         | this overnight. It also raises a lot of capital that can be
         | used to provide services in the area.
        
           | taffronaut wrote:
           | Unfortunately the wealthy tend not to want to be taxed and
           | they're not averse to fighting back. They've learned that
           | they need to lobby even small local tax-raising authorities
           | to obstruct these kinds of actions. In Wales, local
           | authorities are allowed to raise a local tax premium of up to
           | 100% on holiday homes [1], but few, if any, charge a premium
           | of more than 50%, even in affected areas considered to be in
           | crisis. There's also a loophole that a second home can be
           | declared as a holiday rental property business, without any
           | real intention of letting it out. Welsh authorities work hard
           | to police this by asking to review evidence of lettings (I
           | know this as I own a legit holiday rental property in an
           | affected area) but the enforcers need extra funding to police
           | the tax dodgers.
           | 
           | I don't dispute your underlying point that punitive taxes are
           | a big part of the solution, but I take issue that it's an
           | easy or overnight fix unfortunately because of the interests
           | aligned against imposing them.
           | 
           | [1] https://gov.wales/welsh-government-announces-three-
           | pronged-a...
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | The fundamental problem isn't that investors vote against
             | land value taxes. The problem is that the small homeowner
             | doesn't want to pay them either so he will vote for the
             | benefit of the investors.
        
               | 6510 wrote:
               | Use the money for a basic income.
        
           | mrjin wrote:
           | Yes and no. Yes, your proposal can solve the problem for
           | sure. No, you just can hardly implement it anytime soon. I'm
           | in Australia and Labor lost last election just because they
           | were swearing to remove so called NG(Negative-Gearing, which
           | allows the property investors to offset their income with
           | losses from investment property) before the ballot day,
           | despite NG itself is actually a bizarre idea: why would tax
           | payers cover the asses of the property investors and what's
           | more, in fair amount of NG claims, the so claimed losses were
           | not actually rendered but rather losses in accounting term.
           | If you opt to a different accounting method, they were
           | actually making a profit.
           | 
           | So your proposal will for sure hurt those vested interests,
           | and I would expect it be very hard to pass the parliament.
           | It's great to see Dutch cities actually made that far, I'll
           | keep my eyes wide open to see what's next for them.
        
             | chii wrote:
             | You made negative gearing sound so bizarre, but it's really
             | just business investment deductions, which applies to every
             | type of investment, not just real estate.
             | 
             | If your business made a loss, you get to deduct that loss
             | from your revenue, before getting taxed.
             | 
             | This is the exact same concept, but applied to investment
             | properties. As for the "dodgy" accounting methods - it's
             | not really dodgy, but merely depreciation of the property
             | at play. Depreciation is real. After all, a house doesn't
             | last forever, so why shouldn't depreciation be allowed for
             | investment properties when it is allowed for all other
             | business capital expenditure?
             | 
             | People like to argue that by taking away negative gearing
             | for property (i.e., treat it differently), that it would
             | increase affordability. It won't make a big difference.
        
         | IkmoIkmo wrote:
         | Not sure why the amen is applicable to Dutch cities. I'll take
         | the local perspective from Amsterdam as an example, but it
         | applies more broadly to the other cities as well here.
         | 
         | Regarding point 1:
         | 
         | There's no real issues with long-term vacancies (the
         | municipality already has laws in-place which fine owners of
         | vacant homes), typically sits between 1 and 2%. That should
         | obviously go down to 0 as much as possible, but it's clear that
         | (1) the problem has an extremely minor effect on the market,
         | (2) it's not exclusively caused by investors, a lot of them are
         | pied-a-terres or homes owned by temporary migrants working
         | abroad and (3) the problem of vacant homes that can be
         | attributed to investors, can be addressed in many other ways
         | than a total ban.
         | 
         | In other words, not an effective or suitable policy on this
         | point.
         | 
         | Regarding point 2:
         | 
         | The price increases aren't caused by investors in Amsterdam,
         | studies have shown this over and over again. If buy-to-let is
         | banned, rental supply drops, rental prices go in overdrive, and
         | there'll be more pressure to buy under any circumstance. The
         | have-nots who're unable to buy will be even worse off. There's
         | no magical panacea to a lack of sufficient supply.
         | 
         | You mention a couple points around 2nd homes, which are fair. I
         | think in a world where there isn't enough housing for everyone,
         | we should at minimum disincentivize owning second homes that go
         | unused most of the time. But apart from the fact that Amsterdam
         | is the capital, a working town, not a place where people have
         | second homes that they enjoy on the weekend, this policy
         | doesn't address 2nd homes at all. You're not banned from buying
         | and owning a 2nd home in Amsterdam after this policy goes into
         | effect.
         | 
         | In other words, an entirely ineffective policy regarding point
         | 2.
        
           | crote wrote:
           | About point two:
           | 
           | Both supply and demand are incredibly constrained: building
           | new houses is slow and not exactly being stimulated by the
           | government, whereas demand is fixed because people _need_ a
           | place to live.
           | 
           | Property rental is an extremely attractive investment
           | opportunity. Demand is guaranteed and due to the low cost of
           | obtaining money it is basically risk-free. Even at near-zero
           | rent you'll still make a profit - as long as the housing
           | market doesn't crash.
           | 
           | On the other hand mortgages always carry some risk, and banks
           | are aware of this. There are quite strict limitations on the
           | amount you are allowed to borrow. This directly means that
           | individuals will always be outbid by investors.
           | 
           | This directly results in price increases. Individuals are now
           | no longer able to buy a home, forcing them to rent.
           | Landlords, in turn, are happy to let you rent a property
           | which you wouldn't be able to afford because it is way easier
           | to evict you. And because demand is higher than supply,
           | they'll happily increase the price. Rent prices are already
           | in overdrive.
           | 
           | So now you're paying EUR1200 in rent instead of EUR800 in
           | mortgage payment - for the same property.
           | 
           | Banning buy-to-let would result in a sale of the properties
           | currently being rented out - which means a drop in the
           | housing price. Rental supply will drop, but those houses
           | don't magically disappear! People who previously were unable
           | to get a mortgage can now suddenly afford to buy instead of
           | rent. This lowers the demand for rentals, which decreases
           | rent.
           | 
           | People don't need landlords - they need homes. With the
           | exception of a very small number of short-term rentals,
           | landlords provide zero value. Removing them from the equation
           | decreases the prices for everyone.
        
           | berkes wrote:
           | Studies have shown that in the Netherlands only a tiny part
           | of the rapidly increasing price is due to shortage and the
           | majority due to investers. The exact opposite of what you
           | say.
           | 
           | I'm not saying you are wrong. I'm saying that what you pose
           | as established facts are highly debated in the Netherlands at
           | the least.
           | 
           | I'm on mobile, so finding English studies is hard. Maybe
           | parent author could cite some of the studies (s)he mentions?
           | https://www.eigenhuis.nl/huis-
           | kopen/starters/artikelen/beleg...
           | https://www.kadaster.nl/-/opkomst-particuliere-
           | investeerders...
        
             | IkmoIkmo wrote:
             | So the study you referenced was ordered by the Minister of
             | the Interior, and it's been the most heavily cited study in
             | the past few years.
             | 
             | If you read it, you'll find it explicitly states they could
             | not establish a causal relationship between investors and
             | increased prices. (i.e. it says exactly what I stated).
             | 
             | They do find a correlation (which is heavily referenced in
             | the news and misinterpreted), which would be expected.
             | Investors who study the market and are investing
             | professionally, are more likely than the average, and
             | definitely more likely than below-average, to invest in
             | neighbourhoods which turn out to see more price increases
             | than neighbourhoods that investors chose not to invest in.
             | That's of course because it's their job and their
             | expertise. It doesn't mean they're causing the price
             | increases.
             | 
             | It's a bit like saying there's a correlation in prices
             | between prices of stocks of companies that professional
             | investors choose to invest in or not. That's obvious,
             | professional investors seek returns, and are expected to
             | invest in such companies. But the investors aren't causing
             | the tech stocks to become valuable. They simply are, by way
             | of their profits. Google (once established) isn't high-
             | value because investors choose to buy its shares. Investors
             | detect the value and pursue to own it. Real estate is no
             | different. Which is why the study found a correlation, but
             | explicitly did not establish a causal relationship.
        
           | brnt wrote:
           | Show your sources. I've read the exact opposite of what you
           | claim.
           | 
           | The CIA even lists the Dutch housing market as the largest
           | risk factor in the stability of the Dutch housing market.
        
           | belter wrote:
           | The problem is not only in Amsterdam, and for anybody
           | wondering how crazy the situation is at the moment this is a
           | realistic, up to date view:
           | 
           | "The WILD Dutch housing market and our home buying flop |
           | American in the Netherlands"
           | 
           | https://youtu.be/dFXsfeEEVAM
        
           | einpoklum wrote:
           | > If buy-to-let is banned, rental supply drops
           | 
           | This seems to contradict your earlier claim that:
           | 
           | > the municipality already has laws in-place which fine
           | owners of vacant homes
        
             | IkmoIkmo wrote:
             | I don't see the contradiction, could you explain?
        
               | einpoklum wrote:
               | If "rental supply drops", that means the people who own
               | apartments they don't live in won't let them out. If they
               | don't let them out, they're subject to the anti-empty-
               | apartment laws.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | cortesoft wrote:
               | The problem is that there can be NO new rentals on the
               | market, because you can't buy a home and rent it out. If
               | someone is renting out a property and then decides to
               | sell it, that is one less rental on the market that can't
               | be replaced. Any house that is bought can't be rented out
               | ever, so there is no new rentals.
        
               | fmajid wrote:
               | No, the owners who are grandfathered in rub their hand in
               | glee, as over time only own-to-occupy buyers are allowed,
               | thus the supply of rentals goes down and rentals become
               | more expensive, thus making their rents higher and more
               | lucrative.
               | 
               | The answer is to reduce the centralization of jobs and
               | other factors that cause everyone to want to live in
               | Amsterdam, e.g. building out Lelystad or Buitenveldert.
               | To a certain extent, COVID and WFH has started doing
               | that.
               | 
               | I lived in Amsterdam in 1999 and house prices there
               | seemed quite reasonable to me compared to Paris where I
               | was coming from, but of course many things may have
               | changed in two decades.
        
               | einpoklum wrote:
               | > thus the supply of rentals goes down
               | 
               | You're sort of "begging the question" here.
               | 
               | > The answer is to reduce the centralization of jobs and
               | other factors that cause everyone to want to live in
               | Amsterdam
               | 
               | Obviously I'm not against that happening but it's not
               | either-or.
               | 
               | > but of course many things may have changed in two
               | decades.
               | 
               | Oh, you have no idea. It was hard to even get the owners
               | to get back to you, because they'd already accepted an
               | offer; and I was being asked for 1,500 EUR - 1,650
               | EUR/month for a bedroom+living room apartment. And while
               | that wasn't in Diemen or Bijlmer, they weren't in posh
               | super-central locations.
        
             | Filligree wrote:
             | A house which is being rented isn't vacant.
        
           | MomoXenosaga wrote:
           | The Netherlands is just too rich that it is working against
           | itself. We have created a society where every person wants
           | their own house- 17 million people 10 million houses. And the
           | Netherlands is a magnet for migrants- compared to most of the
           | world the streets are paved with gold.
           | 
           | And no matter how much the prices go up people can and will
           | pay. Unless there's a mayor economic recession things will
           | not get better.
        
             | zamfi wrote:
             | > 17 million people 10 million houses
             | 
             | Wait, you're making it sound like this is an obvious case
             | of not enough supply -- which could potentially be solved
             | by building more homes! -- but in fact, it's the total
             | opposite: the average Dutch household has 2.14 people, so
             | that's 8 million households vs. 10 million houses! (I
             | assume this is overwhelmingly folks who want to live
             | together: partners, kids, etc., not just folks who can't
             | afford to live alone.)
             | 
             | Sounds to me like there are 2 million extra houses, not 7
             | million missing ones.
             | 
             | So what, exactly, causes the problem? Presumably, those 2m
             | extra houses just aren't in the right places?
        
               | 6510 wrote:
               | there are 7.9 million homes in NL. The shortage is
               | 279.000 vs 331.000 before corona (killing 18.035)
               | 
               | 2.14 per home vs 3.54 in 1961.
               | 
               | I have no explanation why 17280000 / 7900000 = 2.187
        
             | BlargMcLarg wrote:
             | People pay because it is still the best choice for the non-
             | financially-savvy to secure their net worth given the
             | policies our government has made the past few years.
             | Someone else already explained how renting costs way more,
             | and people would argue the break-even point for renting vs
             | buying is only about 1 to 2 years. That's without taking
             | into account all the restrictions landlords are putting up.
             | 
             | Once you get past the hurdle, banks give you insane amounts
             | of money to buy these insanely priced houses with. And due
             | to the low rent, you're not that much worse off than 5
             | years ago. Since no one who buys a house today wants to end
             | up losing out, many homeowners will vehemently oppose any
             | measure which could make the prices sink, so more borrowed
             | money, so even higher prices as long as there isn't a
             | suitable alternative (cheaper/affordable and easy to attain
             | rent).
        
             | nine_k wrote:
             | I wonder if Amsterdam specifically is filled with single-
             | family houses. I suppose some larger apartment houses must
             | exist, housing a few families.
        
               | devdas wrote:
               | There are apartments, but construction in the desirable
               | areas is limited.
        
         | saddlerustle wrote:
         | Your first point is a misleading anecdote given there's
         | actually data on this. The amount of empty homes in London is
         | at a historical low [1]. Broadly, cities with the highest
         | amount of empty homes tend to have the _most_ affordable
         | housing, because obviously that indicates there 's more than
         | enough housing to go round.
         | 
         | [1] https://i.imgur.com/jX1OpmS.png
        
           | brailsafe wrote:
           | True, but citing data from 2017 is also a little misleading,
           | considering theirs was a very recent anecdote. It's still
           | probably relevant though.
        
           | yodsanklai wrote:
           | It also depends what we call "empty house". Your link doesn't
           | provide a definition. Is a house occupied a few weeks a year
           | considered empty?
        
           | throw0101a wrote:
           | Contra:
           | 
           | > _The Square Mile has the highest percentage of empty homes
           | in the entire country, fresh data states._
           | 
           | > _Some 42.4 properties per 1,000 sit unused in the City of
           | London, leaving it top of the charts and the only London
           | authority to feature in the nationwide top 10._
           | 
           | > _Data compiled by insurer Admiral also shows that as many
           | as 29,242 London homes have been unoccupied for at least six
           | months, to a collective value of roughly PS15 billion._
           | 
           | * https://www.citymatters.london/vacant-homes-city-london/
        
             | marcinzm wrote:
             | 4.2% is a lot less than 70%.
        
               | Freak_NL wrote:
               | That's because real vacancy (as in, untenanted) only
               | makes up a small percentage of the empty houses. The rest
               | are owned by wealthy foreigners who reside there a few
               | weeks in the summer and leave it to the care of a
               | caretaker (who does not live there of course) for the
               | rest of the year. Some of the obscenely wealthy may even
               | have a live in concierge who lives in his own rooms
               | keeping the rest of the house ready for its owners all
               | year round.
        
         | sparks1970 wrote:
         | South Kensington is also home to Imperial College London. See
         | this map to get a feel for the extent of it in the area:
         | https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/visit/publ...
         | 
         | You did explicitly say houses but possibly the area is quieter
         | and less inhabited out of term time.
        
         | m0llusk wrote:
         | That is a complex problem, though. The main issue is land
         | investment that effectively prevents or greatly limits
         | potential new construction. With new construction thwarted even
         | modest growth over time causes extreme prices per unit.
         | 
         | Preventing properties from being treated as bidding chips or
         | bonds issued this could greatly improve the situation, but
         | without addressing land use and land banking then the lack of
         | new construction will continue to unbalance property markets.
        
       | dmarinus wrote:
       | There is also a law in the works called "Prince Bernhards tax",
       | our Prince owns a lot of expensive property in Amsterdam.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | 600 of them ...He says its for his pension.
         | https://www.stolker.nl/portfolio/items/prince-bernhard-jr/
        
       | FpUser wrote:
       | Please, please make the same thing happen across Canada
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-09-05 23:02 UTC)