[HN Gopher] To save California, sacrifice single-family zoning
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       To save California, sacrifice single-family zoning
        
       Author : wavesounds
       Score  : 141 points
       Date   : 2021-08-25 22:53 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.latimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.latimes.com)
        
       | litoE wrote:
       | They will need to triple or quadruple the capacity of the water,
       | electrical and sewer grids that were sized for the current
       | density. And convince people to part with their cars because
       | street parking will become impossible.
        
         | flaque wrote:
         | This argument is commonly thrown around, but makes no sense in
         | practice.
         | 
         | The denser the place, the more efficient the infrastructure
         | use. 50 families in a single apartment building use massively
         | fewer pipes & power lines than 50 families in single family
         | homes. But the tax revenue for the city can still be the same.
         | In a denser area, those families are less likely to own or need
         | cars, and if they do, they drive less.
         | 
         | On the other hand, low-density suburban neighborhoods are often
         | so inefficient that the maintenance cost of their
         | infrastructure is more than the tax revenue the residents bring
         | in. (Here's a good overview of that:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IsMeKl-Sv0)
         | 
         | It's more true to say that "we don't have the infrastructure
         | for single family homes" than it is to say that we don't have
         | the infrastructure for apartment buildings.
        
           | frosted-flakes wrote:
           | Key quote: "When you lose money on every development, you
           | don't make it up in volume."
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Los Angeles was zoned for, and plumbed for, ten million people,
         | but down-zoned to only 4 million currently.
         | 
         | https://abundanthousingla.org/downzoning-in-los-angeles/
        
         | wahern wrote:
         | Per capita urban water usage in California has decreased by
         | double digits percentages since 1990. See page 10 at
         | https://pacinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/PI_Water_Use_...
         | Older cities have done even better; newer urban developments
         | further away from the older coastal areas pulled the average
         | state-wide decrease down.
         | 
         | IOW, there's plenty of slack in existing cities, _especially_
         | the older coastal cities, which were originally planned and
         | built for far greater density than permitted now, and at a time
         | when per capita usage was far greater. If anything, continuing
         | to incentivize urban sprawl is the surest way to overburden
         | water infrastructure, _especially_ supply.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | Not just per capita but absolute. East Bay MUD total
           | deliveries fell by half in the last 40 years while the
           | population increased by 70%.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | Some Northern California cities are literally out of water.
           | 
           | https://ktla.com/news/california/please-conserve-water-
           | touri...
           | 
           | In the Monterey Peninsula area residential building permits
           | have been restricted for years due to a persistent water
           | shortage. That's been going on since well before the current
           | drought.
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | In fact, depending on where you live, water appliance
           | efficiency has reduced sewer flows to the point where systems
           | stop functioning, since a lot of systems are designed around
           | a minimum amount of flow to make things move.
           | 
           | Most water consumption these days comes from the state's
           | agriculture, which bringing more residents in would not
           | really impact since denser housing would not really go in
           | areas that are rural.
        
             | wyager wrote:
             | As with living in a crowded bug-hive apartment building
             | instead of a house, reducing water consumption by making
             | showers, toilets, washing machines, dishwashers, and other
             | appliances function poorly is just masking a real decline
             | in standard of living by clipping coins.
             | 
             | "We've reduced water, power, meat, and space consumption by
             | XX%" is not good news. That just means we're getting
             | poorer. Good news would be "we've halved the cost of water,
             | power, meat, and space, so everyone have a good time".
        
               | eli_gottlieb wrote:
               | The contradiction here is that, overwhelmingly, the most
               | effective way to decrease the price of space (in terms of
               | square mile per person of land) is to increase
               | unemployment -- which basically nobody actually wants.
        
         | jamestimmins wrote:
         | I think a lot of people would actually embrace getting rid of
         | their cars if they weren't necessary
        
           | randycupertino wrote:
           | I live in a sfh in a Bay Area suburb and a lot of my
           | neighbors have multiple cars for fun/hobbies and family. One
           | of my neighbors has a household of three (two parents & a
           | 10year old kid) and they have FIVE cars. I never realized how
           | big "car culture" was in California until moving out of the
           | city and into a suburb. In my experience living here, you can
           | pry their cars out of their cold dead hands.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | In the South Bay Area, the SR-17 highway to Santa Cruz also
         | presents a significant bottleneck. On hot weekend days everyone
         | tries to drive to the beach, and the traffic gets backed up
         | onto surface streets so badly that Los Gatos residents are
         | literally trapped in their homes. There is a bus line but it's
         | not a practical option for most people.
        
         | sk2020 wrote:
         | So pack people into towers as densely as possible and take away
         | their ability to freely leave. Wasn't this the plot of Escape
         | From LA?
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | You should tell the people living in tents and cars to be
           | grateful they're not locked in a tower.
        
             | wyager wrote:
             | People who live in a tent don't do so because apartments in
             | SF are too expensive.
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | They do so because zoning banned boarding houses, which
               | is a variant of the same thesis.
        
               | samtho wrote:
               | But the effects of high housing costs ultimately does
               | impact those people. Everyone, from the well-off to the
               | impoverished, will seek housing. Those with more money
               | have more options and when the market gets tight, what
               | otherwise would be middle class accommodations in any
               | other market, are only accessible to the wealthy. Middle
               | class families are living in what would be normally be
               | for working class, working class are living in poor
               | housing, and the poor are pushed out. The homeless person
               | may have been evicted and could not afford a place and
               | subsequently lost their job for reasons relating to their
               | lack of housing. Even if this happens in Oakland, they
               | may set up camp in places that have better services for
               | homeless or larger homeless communities like SF.
        
             | sk2020 wrote:
             | An open air prison is worse than an enclosed one?California
             | got the state they voted for. Save the hollow moral
             | indignation.
        
           | pope_meat wrote:
           | Well, the good news is the majority of us are too broke to
           | move anywhere, so the tower sounds fine to us, gotta be
           | cheaper than the rent now.
        
           | lumost wrote:
           | This seems like hyperbole. Would east coast like density be
           | that bad in urban portions of California like the Bay?
        
             | zepto wrote:
             | Yes
        
         | ashtonkem wrote:
         | > And convince people to part with their cars because street
         | parking will become impossible.
         | 
         | Convince nothing, price them out. The state is not obligated to
         | pay for permanent storage for your private property on public
         | land. If you want a car, you need to pay for its permanent
         | storage.
        
           | akomtu wrote:
           | The state really wants its people to be as mobile and
           | economically active as possible and cars facilitate exactly
           | that.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | Cars are actually one of the least efficient means of
             | achieving that.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | People who have been become accustomed to abundant free
           | street parking will not be happy about paying for it. They
           | will vote accordingly. You can complain that this isn't fair
           | but that's the reality of living in a democracy.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | I don't think that's actually true. There is certainly a
             | very noisy minority that would like us to believe that
             | they're the majority, but revealed consumer preference does
             | not seem to reinforce this statement.
             | 
             | Consider the street closures during the pandemic for
             | outdoors eating. The parking crowd has screeched endlessly
             | about the traffic and parking issues caused by this, but
             | the majority of the populace _love_ these areas now. A
             | bunch of them are actually becoming permanent.
             | 
             | Similarly, the cute, street car suburbs with high
             | walkability and insufficient parking are absurdly expensive
             | everywhere I've ever lived. Turns out people like living
             | places that are nice, and that sufficient parking is a
             | relatively minor deciding factor.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | No it's true. The street closures during pandemic were
               | mostly in downtown commercial areas and were broadly
               | supported by restaurant owners. They hardly impacted
               | residential areas. Politicians who try to increase
               | charges or reduce availability for residential street
               | parking inevitably face a lot of resistance.
               | 
               | Building a new walkable neighborhood is fine. Trying to
               | drastically alter an existing neighborhood is nearly
               | impossible.
        
               | ashtonkem wrote:
               | There are also examples from Europe where mayors have
               | outright banned or drastically reduced access for cars,
               | and won re-election over the complaints of car owners.
               | And these aren't podunk towns either, one of them is
               | Paris.
               | 
               | Of course, the counter argument is "but Paris has a good
               | metro system", to which I say _maybe we should fix that_.
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | That depends. Water? Probably not. Most of the water goes
         | toward Ag. Electrical? Probably, especially as we add more
         | electric transportation options. Sewer and trash, yes.
         | 
         | That said, as others have mentioned, urban living arrangements
         | can be more efficient. There is a big question though if that
         | is compatible with the historical CA dream ideal. Sure, that
         | ideal is becoming more and more incompatible with reality, but
         | people want what they want. CA could offer me a free condo in a
         | high-rise urban environment and I'd still leave because that's
         | not something I would ever want to live in.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | That's an exaggeration since there wouldn't be as many lawns to
         | water and apartments are more energy-efficient.
         | 
         | Also, infrastructure like water treatment plants are expensive
         | and scale well, so you can spread the cost over more people.
         | 
         | But yes, there are problems that come with density and they
         | have to be thought through.
        
           | jjhale wrote:
           | Yes, there are many places in the US that are currently
           | having infrastructure crises due to too little density. There
           | might need to be infrastructure upgrades as neighborhoods
           | become denser, but over the long run, the infrastructure will
           | be much more sustainable because the cost per user will be
           | significantly lower.
        
       | samstave wrote:
       | So I actually have a story about this, which I have posted on HN
       | in the past...
       | 
       | Alameda, Ca - I was talking to the planning department about this
       | problem as I was interested in creating a Tiny Home Community -
       | and had one of the Pre-Eminent Tiny Home Companies on board: Wind
       | River Tiny Homes to assist in planning, speaking to the city
       | council etc...
       | 
       | The city council shut it down and refused to re-zone the lots.
       | They stated that one was not allowed to put multiple tiny homes
       | on a single lot - as the zoning required one entrance per
       | dwelling only on the lot, which meant one pluming infrastructure,
       | one sewer and one power...
       | 
       | So I asked if I could build shared utilities underground for
       | multiple units on a lot - and they said no, because they defined
       | single dwelling as only having one primary entrance (front door)
       | 
       | And they were dead set against changing any zoning laws.
       | 
       | Further, when asked about municipal broadband, they said "no we
       | sold that whole contract to comcast, and we wont be looking at
       | that again"
       | 
       | (That is an actual quote)
        
       | digisign wrote:
       | One state alone can't fix a nationwide problem. Otherwise it
       | becomes more attractive and loses any ground made. There need to
       | be homes everywhere people would like to live, within reason.
        
       | gibsonf1 wrote:
       | Perhaps single family zoning, which is also in many other states
       | without crises, is not the cause or it's change the solution for
       | California's very real crisis.
        
         | shuckles wrote:
         | Basically every metro area in the country has an affordability
         | problem as defined by cost of housing relative to wages. One of
         | the most affordable growing metros is Houston, which has no
         | zoning.
        
           | tadfisher wrote:
           | If that is your only metric by which to judge, then Houston
           | is a roaring success. Include just about any other factor in
           | your judgment, such as walkability, health outcomes,
           | education quality, or disaster resilience to name a few, you
           | might consider Houston's zoning strategy to be batshit
           | insane.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | Judging by how many people are moving from places like SF
             | and NYC to places like Houston I think people prioritize
             | affordable housing over all the secondary luxuries.
             | 
             | <insert low effort quip about consumers being cheapskates
             | and not knowing what's good for them here>
        
             | shuckles wrote:
             | I'm not arguing that all zoning is bad. I was responding to
             | the claim that SFZ is irrelevant to affordability.
        
       | sirmike_ wrote:
       | Seems like this would create a whole host of problems which
       | restrictive zoning solves.
       | 
       | In other words we already learned that lesson and people
       | generally do not like unappealing entities being right next door.
       | It allows the public an extra check on something not appropriate.
       | 
       | Why does California not have a wider range of political ideas to
       | solve their problems?
       | 
       | It appears Cali is chasing its tail by their brand and experiment
       | in democracy when they try to "solve" their glaring issues.
       | 
       | Credit where due -- many times other states have benefited from
       | California being so big and mandated certain safety laws. But
       | like the famous saying many citizens of the Golden State will
       | soon be able to answer the question for Newsom (uberkind-liberal-
       | idiot-when-it-suits): What have you done for me lately?
        
         | 0xB31B1B wrote:
         | "unappearling entities being nextdoor", "allows the public an
         | extra check on something not appropriate" You're openly
         | advocating for segregation in 2021, this is almost verbatim how
         | segregation advocates advocated for housing segregation ~100
         | years ago
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | Sub 100 with a much smaller number.
        
           | sirmike_ wrote:
           | Bluster is what you say!
           | 
           | OK then I am sure you would be ok with zoning being changed
           | to allow for a nuclear power plant in your neighborhood
           | whenever someone(s) with big piles of cash comes through.
           | Yeah, no thanks mate.
           | 
           | Where I live the last heads of our county council, where
           | openly corrupt with sweetheart deals handed out to local
           | construction and developer companies. The one before last
           | ended up in jail thanks to the feds investigating these type
           | crimes. This is in the US no less. No way buddy. The public
           | has a right to decide who can built what where and for what
           | purpose.
           | 
           | Yes there should be defining discrimination which rightly
           | limits a free for all when it comes to zoning.
           | 
           | How naive are you?
        
         | kevinqiu1 wrote:
         | And yet all of the desirable(aka expensive) places to live are
         | mixed use dense neighborhoods built before the concept of
         | Euclidean zoning? Eg. Old pre-zoning, pre-car neighborhoods in
         | Toronto, New York, Boston, Philadelphia, ect.
        
       | TedShiller wrote:
       | We don't have the water for that. Sorry.
        
         | darksaints wrote:
         | Yes, you do. Sorry.
        
           | TedShiller wrote:
           | I'm with you, I wish we did. Unfortunately, the reservoirs
           | say otherwise.
        
             | darksaints wrote:
             | No you don't...you're a NIMBY just like the rest of
             | Californians. I can tell because of the rehashed completely
             | disingenuous arguments that have been debunked a million
             | times by now.
        
               | TedShiller wrote:
               | I probably would be a NIMBY if I owned property myself.
               | Unfortunately I'm not in that position. Higher density
               | could help me become an owner (and hence a NIMBY), but
               | it's not even clear that it will.
               | 
               | The reason I say that is because of
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced_demand NYC built
               | all the housing they possibly can, and yet I personally
               | still could never afford to own property there. Same with
               | LA.
               | 
               | I'm also opposed to the building of more roads. Not
               | because (as you might claim) I own existing roads and
               | have a vested interest, but because I know that more
               | roads simply means more traffic. The places that have the
               | most roads also have the worst traffic.
               | 
               | I wish it were different.
        
               | 0xB31B1B wrote:
               | it is different, consumption of road space (road use is
               | free, or at least priced in time instead of money, many
               | routes to get to a destination). Urban land has an
               | enormous cost priced in dollars, and as we practice land
               | ownership in the west, it involves the monopoly right of
               | a fixed space. One can own multiple pieces of property
               | simultaneously, but one cannot take up multiple spaces in
               | traffic. Entirely different concepts and mechanisms.
        
               | space_fountain wrote:
               | Luckily for you there isn't much support for the idea of
               | induced demand in housing. It's a thing in roads, but not
               | in literally everything and definitely doesn't seem to be
               | in housing. Also while NYC certainly has built tons of
               | housing in the past, it too has been festering anti
               | growth elements and literally the densest us city is only
               | the 20th world wide.
        
               | TedShiller wrote:
               | It is not different with housing, unfortunately.
               | Singapore, Shanghai, NYC, SF, LA, won't get cheaper if
               | they build more housing.
               | 
               | Nevertheless, I completely hope that I'm totally wrong on
               | everything I said. It would mean that I might finally be
               | able to afford to buy a house in those places.
        
               | space_fountain wrote:
               | Why do you believe that? There are literally tons of
               | studies showing more housing reduces prices and basically
               | none showing increased prices. Look I think you are right
               | that SF will never be as cheap as rural Ohio or
               | something, but the idea that building housing will make
               | the problem worse seems just wrong.
        
         | 8note wrote:
         | Replace the lawns with buildings and you free up some water.
         | 
         | Stop growing water intensive crops and you do even better
        
         | woah wrote:
         | That's a bald-faced lie. Residential water use is only 10% of
         | California's water use. Most of the water is used up by farmers
         | who have free water rights dating back to the 1800's, flooding
         | almond groves in the desert.
         | 
         | https://www.ppic.org/publication/water-use-in-
         | california/#:~....
        
       | refurb wrote:
       | Why is single-family zoning required to "save" California when
       | the problem is pretty much only in a small downtown core in a 2-3
       | major metro areas?
       | 
       | Pretty sure Bakersfield will do just fine with single-family
       | zoning.
        
         | dvaun wrote:
         | Bakersfield housing is expensive for the region. The salaries
         | here, in my opinion, cannot keep up with this recent rise in
         | prices.
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | Right, so build more single family home. Why would
           | Bakersfield need condo towers and high density?
        
             | digisign wrote:
             | Bad for the environment, and why we're dependent on foreign
             | oil.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | The US imports very little foreign oil now. We're not
               | dependent.
               | 
               | https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=727&t=6
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Redfin says Bakersfield is "very competitive" and home prices
         | are up 50% in only five years.
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | So is Billings, MT, but nobody is going to claim Montana is
           | running out of space.
        
       | epicureanideal wrote:
       | To save California, build more. Single family, multi family,
       | whatever. Just more.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | Wouldn't California, and the rest of the country, be better off
         | if quite a few people from across the spectrum left for other
         | places? The wealth/talent/business concentration is really
         | unnecessary, and with drought, fires, and other global warming
         | concerns, it's actually not that nice there.
         | 
         | The solution to a lot of the "housing problems" around the
         | country isn't further concentration but decentralization.
        
           | epicureanideal wrote:
           | Sure. Let's take the 2 trillion we spent on the Afghan war
           | and instead build up a few more tech cities with high rise
           | apartments, great public transit, new great universities and
           | so on.
           | 
           | I think the problem is that outside the government spending
           | like that, private industry has a hard time getting
           | sufficient funding to create a meaningful new center of
           | innovation.
        
           | ashtonkem wrote:
           | I can't speak to the rest of it, but concentration of
           | populations is often extremely good for certain types of
           | endeavors. Cities often have the surplus value available to
           | support speculative and "non-productive" cultural output. The
           | rapid mixing of ideas and cultures often helps a lot too.
           | 
           | I'd argue that it's good for California to have all those
           | people. It's pretty hard to argue that it isn't, based on the
           | cultural, economic, and agricultural output of the state. Now
           | whether or not it's good for the _people_ in California is
           | another matter altogether. And I say that as someone who
           | recently left CA for another state.
        
           | eli_gottlieb wrote:
           | The issue is, you can have 21st-century high-tech free-market
           | capitalism with low state intervention, or you can have
           | decentralization of the population and economy. Pick only
           | one.
        
         | ashtonkem wrote:
         | There is an upper limit to how many single family homes you can
         | build; transit costs eventually come to dominate and mean that
         | more doesn't really help much.
        
           | epicureanideal wrote:
           | Sure, I do agree, but having some additional single family
           | homes built wouldn't be a terrible thing if we also built a
           | million apartments.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | If we build that many apartments, we probably won't need
             | any more single family homes. The ones that'll remain will
             | probably balance out for those with the ability and
             | willingness to pay for the luxury.
        
       | mjfl wrote:
       | California voters are probably totally fine with the housing
       | supply being too low because it drives up the price of their
       | houses.
        
         | grecy wrote:
         | Housing can't be both affordable and a good investment.
        
           | opportune wrote:
           | Why the downvotes? Housing can't increase in value faster
           | than real wages over time without making future generations
           | measurably poorer. Of course, caveats apply. It's reasonable
           | that land prices in urban areas will on average grow as the
           | population does, but if no development is allowed to be able
           | to offset those higher prices then essentially nobody
           | benefits from that increase in value besides existing
           | homeowners.
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | It an be if you're allowed to improve it.
        
           | benrbray wrote:
           | You have that backwards. Housing can _only_ be affordable if
           | it 's _not_ a good investment. If it 's a good investment,
           | people will buy houses expecting to get much more out of it
           | than just a place to stay.
           | 
           | Look at Japan, for example, where houses lose their value
           | after 40 years. I pay cheaper rent in Tokyo than I ever did
           | in even mid-sized American cities.
        
             | shuckles wrote:
             | Both of these are wrong because they confuse buildings and
             | land. Land can be a good investment even if shelter is
             | affordable. My understanding, for example, is land in Tokyo
             | is quite expensive.
        
             | kadomony wrote:
             | Random, but what do you do in Tokyo? I've been trying to
             | break into their market for two years. Had an offer
             | rescinded from Rakuten because immigration shut down.
             | 
             | The housing market boggles my mind how houses don't
             | appreciate at all there.
        
         | neeleshs wrote:
         | I live in a single family house, I've lived in apartments. For
         | me quality of life is way better in SFH. Don't care if house
         | price gows down or up, won't sell this house.
         | 
         | It's not a popular opinion here, but quality of life is
         | important for many of us.
        
           | cloverich wrote:
           | quality of life is important for all of us. That's the
           | problem.
        
           | enaaem wrote:
           | There is nothing wrong with sfh. The problem is when only
           | sfh's are allowed.
        
             | 0x0nyandesu wrote:
             | An sfh next to a high density apartment building feels a
             | lot less like a sfh.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | When you don't pull a CA and let things grow organically
               | there isn't much of a discontinuity so you don't get much
               | development like that. It'll be a gradual increase from
               | SFH in the exurbs with more and more mutlifamily and
               | small apartment buildings increasing in density to the
               | city core where it's basically all purpose built
               | apartment buildings with dozens of units at a minimum.
               | 
               | A neighborhood that's got a lot of 2/3/4 family homes
               | feels about the same as a SFH neighborhood if those homes
               | have one unit occupied by the owner.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | I'd say people in the state being disadvantaged by the housing
         | crisis vastly outnumber those profiting from it. It's just that
         | people in power (richer, older folks, those sitting on local
         | councils, state legislatures, celebrities, corporations,
         | pastors, power brokers, other influential figures) all fall
         | into the latter category.
        
           | tomc1985 wrote:
           | "They also vote a lot more, and a lot more predictably"
           | 
           | Literally the words out of the mouth of a close friend of
           | mine who sits on city council for a mid-size CA suburb
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | 01100011 wrote:
             | An upvote is not sufficient to convey my support of this
             | comment. Seriously, CA would be vastly different if people
             | just showed up to vote. Unfortunately that never seems to
             | change.
        
               | arodgers_la wrote:
               | As controversial and as energizing as the 2020 election
               | was, and despite breaking voter turnout records, 33% of
               | the voting eligible population still did not show up to
               | vote!
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Lammy wrote:
           | Don't make the mistake of assuming all people in favor of the
           | status-quo only "profit" monetarily:
           | 
           | http://radicalcartography.net/bayarea.html
           | 
           | https://www.forbes.com/sites/priceonomics/2016/05/11/the-
           | afr...
        
             | pope_meat wrote:
             | "Get the poor's out of here!"
             | 
             | But they also want a barista to serve them a latte, it
             | doesn't matter if the barista has an hour commute each way
             | and shit benefits.
             | 
             | I'd say eat the rich, but this place hates that meme xD
        
               | erhk wrote:
               | Because if you eat the rich then youre only naturally
               | selecting for the faster and more ellusive rich that you
               | wont be able to catch.
               | 
               | With seriousness, a slogan that accomplishes nothing
               | takes the teeth out of a protest. Tax the super wealthy
               | at x% ans enforce minimum corporate taxes simply doesnt
               | have a ring to it.
        
               | pope_meat wrote:
               | But sir, if you keep exploiting the poor you're only
               | naturally selecting for a meaner hungrier mob.
               | 
               | With seriousness.
        
         | ytpete wrote:
         | Depends on what percentage of California voters are renters...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | peterthehacker wrote:
         | Only half of California homes are owner occupied. [0] So, there
         | could be more CA voters renting than home owners. To put that
         | in perspective, Texas has over 60% owner-occupied housing [1].
         | 
         | [0]https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/CA
         | 
         | [1]https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/TX
        
         | 6gvONxR4sf7o wrote:
         | Isn't it more reasonable to think that maybe the people in
         | single-family zoned neighborhoods want to live in that kind of
         | neighborhood, completely apart from the price of their houses?
        
           | wyager wrote:
           | Don't be crazy - everyone wants to live in a pod!
        
           | shuckles wrote:
           | But home values will plummet is a common bogeyman used in
           | local zoning battles, so separating the two concepts is not
           | as trivial as you suggest.
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | Precisely.
           | 
           | I don't know of any SF voters who think "oh yeah, I need to
           | fight this new development so the price of my house continues
           | to rise".
           | 
           | It's more like "I like the way my neighborhood is and don't
           | want it to change".
        
             | nine_k wrote:
             | I'm afraid a change is inevitable. But it can be a softer
             | change that mostly preserves what they care for, or a rough
             | and dramatic change if no adaptive measures are taken.
             | 
             | I suppose that SF residents probably liked what their city
             | was in, say, 1985, and did not want any change. Has SF
             | changed somehow by 2020? Was in to the better?
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | If you talk to people who have lived in Mountain View, CA for
           | 30+ years they aren't thrilled about Google moving in. Sure
           | their property values are huge but quality of life is worse.
           | Property appreciation doesn't mean much if you're not
           | planning to sell and just want a nice place to live.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | flaque wrote:
         | It's worth noting that while upzoning can help the whole
         | housing market go down in price, it can also unlock value for
         | existing home owners.
         | 
         | If you currently own a home and a law is passed that allows you
         | to turn your upstairs into an apartment, then your home may now
         | be worth more, and you actually can access the value stored in
         | your home (by renting it out).
         | 
         | Similarly, if any home in your neighborhood can be turned into
         | a fourplex or larger, and there's the demand to do so, then the
         | supply of large single-family homes in your area shrinks. So
         | your house price can increase as it becomes a rarer find.
         | 
         | But since the total supply of units is going up, rent goes
         | down. And since rent goes down, you don't need pay people extra
         | just to accommodate for crazy expensive housing. For the home
         | owner, cost of living goes down, as every store and restaurant
         | they go to gets cheaper.
         | 
         | Plus, it means that they pay less in taxes, or at least get
         | more for the taxes they're already paying. Places like San
         | Francisco are so inefficient with their tax bases because you
         | need to pay every random bureaucrats $100k+ just to keep up
         | with cost of living.
         | 
         | If you stop restricting the size of the pie, it grows and
         | benefits everyone.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | People have children, sometimes multiple. They're not exactly
         | thrilled about the outlook for them. Also, people have stories
         | about the types of people who have offered them these
         | outrageous prices for their homes. I don't believe this is a
         | situation that will be strongly supported by the average home
         | owner.
        
           | wyager wrote:
           | I'd be more worried about my children growing up in a world
           | where the only places left to live are zoned and built like
           | termite mounts.
        
             | amanaplanacanal wrote:
             | When I think of somebody converting their house to a
             | duplex, termite mound is not the picture that comes to
             | mind.
        
             | z0r wrote:
             | don't question unending economic growth :) it's definitely
             | not the root cause of many modern existential problems!
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | >People have children, sometimes multiple
           | 
           | Legend has it people even have those outside of single family
           | zoned regions in California!
        
         | istillwritecode wrote:
         | Money is less of a motivator than the preservation of a
         | lifestyle.
        
         | IIAOPSW wrote:
         | "But for a beautiful moment in time, we created a lot of value
         | for homeowners."
         | 
         | http://www.derekchristensen.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/s...
        
         | nr2x wrote:
         | It's the most economically rational decision for a very large
         | voting block, but it is openly screwing entire generations as
         | well.
        
       | theragra wrote:
       | I know nothing about housing, but I am always perplexed about
       | size of US houses. My sister has 9 room house, and it is
       | considered small! My parents here in northern Europe has house
       | twice as small, and it is more than enough for them.
       | 
       | Maybe it is part of the problem. Smaller house obviously is
       | cheaper to build and maintain.
        
       | jgowdy wrote:
       | Yeah, the traffic isn't bad enough so let's just shoehorn in
       | multifamily units into single family zoned neighborhoods that
       | aren't remotely close enough to the jobs people work for
       | bicycling to be a realistic option. Virtue signaling the housing
       | crisis isn't useful. If you're going to talk about housing you
       | can't just rail against "NIMBYs" and clamor for more housing. You
       | have to actually explain how the infrastructure and
       | transportation to/from jobs will work with your assertions.
       | Otherwise you're just arguing for cramming everyone up each
       | other's asses and let the chips fall where they may.
       | 
       | Most people are not going to ride a bicycle to work. Some of us
       | have kids to drop off at school on the way to work. We have to
       | buy enough groceries to feed a family, which don't fit on a
       | bicycle. Let go of your hipster fantasies. We can't all be single
       | people living in a flat, riding a bicycle to the farmer's market
       | and the book store.
        
       | slater wrote:
       | Every NIMBY this side of Sacramento: "From my cold, dead hands!"
        
         | TedShiller wrote:
         | You don't have to be a NIMBY to say that. You can also just be
         | realistic. We don't have the water.
        
         | DiabloD3 wrote:
         | From everyone else: "That can be arranged."
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | This is obviously a joke but the property owners should
           | remember that California wouldn't be the first place
           | something like that happened.
        
           | slater wrote:
           | Ha! :)
        
       | baybal2 wrote:
       | Any Californians here?
        
       | 01100011 wrote:
       | For the people with homes, locked into lower property taxes, a
       | stable monthly payment, and their version of the CA dream,
       | nothing needs to change. I can't really blame them. When I owned
       | a home I was a NIMBY who thought my mortgage payment afforded me
       | a right to continue my lifestyle indefinitely.
       | 
       | After a divorce and becoming a renter, I have a lot more sympathy
       | for folks subject to the whims of landlords and the rental
       | market. Sure, renting means I have some flexibility and don't
       | have to worry much about maintenance, but there is an emotional
       | and social price you pay for the lack of (sometimes imagined)
       | stability afforded to you by home ownership.
       | 
       | I'm about to plan my CA escape after 27 years in the sun and it
       | is not without regrets. I'll say though that the one thing CA
       | should consider is requiring the supply of housing to match the
       | supply of jobs. I suppose it's fine if, say, Cupertino doesn't
       | want to urbanize, but as long as they allow more commercial space
       | and more jobs, they put pressure on surrounding communities to
       | deal with the negative effects. I can't really care too much
       | anymore though. CA has been good to me for a long time, but she's
       | showing me the door and telling me I'm no longer welcome and it's
       | not something I have the will to fight for.
        
         | cylinder714 wrote:
         | > requiring the supply of housing to match the supply of jobs
         | 
         | As a native Californian, I would change that to, "match the
         | supply of _water_. " I'm astounded at all the construction,
         | particularly that being built in the hills overlooking Folsom,
         | and wonder where they're going to get their water.
        
           | anonuser123456 wrote:
           | Because there isn't a gigantic reservoir next to Folsom?
        
             | scardycat wrote:
             | Have you seen the levels in Folsom lake recently?
             | 
             | https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-07-27/histori
             | c...
             | 
             | There. Is. Not. Enough. Water. Anything else you hear is
             | just a lie. I drive by it every day for the past 10 years,
             | it goes up and down a lot but the levels this year are just
             | record breaking, in a bad way.
        
               | anonuser123456 wrote:
               | >There. Is. Not. Enough. Water. Anything else you hear is
               | just a lie.
               | 
               | At zero cost for usage sure. But there is plenty of water
               | if you price it.
        
           | N1H1L wrote:
           | True. However, I see the same story now repeating for Arizona
           | too. Intel, TSMC are all opening fabs there - but where is
           | the water?
        
           | BelenusMordred wrote:
           | Desalination can provide for a lot more, even then, consumer
           | usage is nothing compared to agricultural and industrial use.
        
             | newbamboo wrote:
             | Yes, plenty of water it's just up north, not in the places
             | where agriculture needs it. I'm tempted to argue it's a
             | self correcting problem; pipes and desalination will be
             | built when the costs make it feasible. It's all politics
             | and special interests. That's the California way.
        
               | erhk wrote:
               | You're welcome to keep your drought to yourself. Please
               | do not expand the blast radius in an attempt to bail out.
               | Agriculture is 100% the drain, and a pipeline would only
               | make it so that more consumers suffer.
        
               | newbamboo wrote:
               | It floods up north. Do you like floods? The ocean has a
               | lot of water too. Do the math.
        
               | anonuser123456 wrote:
               | Agriculture is only a drain if you think eating food is
               | unnecessary.
               | 
               | The pragmatic approach would simply be to price water so
               | farmers and consumers are incentivized to use it
               | efficiently.
        
               | 01100011 wrote:
               | So it's ok for other regions to buy food produced with
               | California water but it's not ok for California to buy
               | other regions' water?
               | 
               | We need a national water grid ASAP, before climate change
               | threatens the food security of the US.
        
           | rasz wrote:
           | Plenty of water in California, all going to farming.
        
             | LinuxBender wrote:
             | Or going out to sea. [1]
             | 
             | [1] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HbpHA3xqvOE
        
               | 01100011 wrote:
               | We have to let some water flow for wildlife and beach
               | maintenance.
        
       | justapassenger wrote:
       | This is much more complex problem, and each time someone offers
       | one simple solution, you should suspect it's BS.
       | 
       | Sure, single family zoning contributes to the problem, but
       | Manhattan doesn't really have single family zoning and is still
       | not affordable. Just getting rid of it, won't be the end of the
       | world for the neighborhoods, but also won't really solve problems
       | it's advertised to solve.
        
         | krrrh wrote:
         | Comparing the 1.6m person commercial core of a high-income 8.5m
         | person city is a bit unfair.
         | 
         | Manhattan isn't expensive because it's high density, it's high
         | density because it's expensive (desirable). Californian cities
         | could follow suit if allowed to.
        
         | jgwil2 wrote:
         | New York has been downzoning for years now. What's important
         | isn't just having high density, it's making sure that available
         | housing grows with the population. When your population is
         | increasing, increasing density helps with that.
        
       | crubier wrote:
       | Disclaimer, I'm European and have only been in SFBA for 5months
       | in my life.
       | 
       | Maybe the solution is not to build more residential to keep
       | growing, but instead to limit implantation of new jobs/companies
       | to limit the growth to a sustainable decent value? The result
       | would be to limit real estate price, but without making the Bay
       | Area a hellscape of concrete towers.
       | 
       | I understand it is controversial, but do we really want to
       | transform the Bay Area (which still has some really fine natural
       | beauty and neighborhoods) into the hellscape that are some
       | Chinese (or European) concrete tower based suburbs? Do we still
       | want to keep centralizing more?
       | 
       | Sadly free market + democracy means either the homeowners side
       | are in charge and keep the status quo so their property prices go
       | up. Or the renters side might one day win, and start sacrificing
       | this nice place to make concrete prisons for everyone. The
       | current system ensures that the optimal thing to do will never
       | happen.
        
         | etrautmann wrote:
         | This seems likely to create a host of unintended consequences
         | and exacerbates the issues caused by a lack of socioeconomic
         | diversity and people working in service jobs. The incentives
         | will push municipalities to only take the "best" jobs, putting
         | further pressure on restaurants etc to find workers. Ultimately
         | the "character" of a neighborhood is a function of the vibrant
         | culture and people more than yhe architecture and density.
        
           | crubier wrote:
           | In a different system where limiting implantation of new
           | companies would be a thing, I don't see why you couldn't
           | place incentives to keep the job balance and avoid these
           | consequence. It's not that complicated in comparison.
           | 
           | But of course this << different system >> is science fiction
           | at this point, especially in the US.
        
         | jabl wrote:
         | Surely there are other ways of increasing density than some
         | concrete tower dystopia? I mean, there's this entire movement,
         | 'new urbanism' or whatever you want to call it, which is
         | specifically about creating nice AND decently high density
         | towns and cities.
         | 
         | IMHO, the Bay Area is its own kind of dystopia, with low-
         | density 'burbia spreading like a mat over the (previously
         | beautiful, I presume) landscape. Even things like central Santa
         | Clara are quite low density, with wide (very wide!) streets,
         | low houses (typically 1-2 stories) set back far from the
         | streets with ginormous parking lots.
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | The mid-point I like to argue for is to default to quite
           | tall, dense buildings allowed in a circle around public
           | transit stations, and tapering off from there. Maybe with
           | some exceptions in areas where it'd really impact the
           | character of the local areas.
           | 
           | But e.g. having taken Caltrain from Palo Alto to SF a few
           | times, there is plenty of room for much higher density around
           | several of the stations without losing much of value, and in
           | doing so you'd take a lot of pressure off both the nearby
           | city centres _and_ the less developed land.
           | 
           | I live in London and wish for the same here - instead of
           | increasing density in areas that are already high density,
           | pull development out of the centres, surround well connected
           | stations, and use that to justify more services on more
           | suburban stretches of existing rail etc.
           | 
           | My favourite example is that highrises going up surrounding
           | my local train station will house as many people on ca.
           | 2,000m^2 of land as my road of 660 houses has space for on
           | ca. 40,000m^2 of land. And the environmental effects of less
           | travel etc. as more of those people can rely on public
           | transit will be enormous. Increasing density around the
           | stations like that will reduce the need for smaller density
           | increases across the board, or eating into greenfield sites.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Prior to the pandemic, Caltrain was already at maximum
             | capacity during commute hours. If people are going to
             | return to offices in large numbers then Caltrain needs a
             | major upgrade before we build a lot of housing near
             | stations. On the other hand if remote working continues
             | then there's less reason to locate new housing near transit
             | hubs.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | Caltrain capacity when I used to visit was on the level
               | of a low traffic suburban train line elsewhere. It felt
               | comical from someone used to e.g commuting on London
               | trains.
               | 
               | It may well be it needs upgrades to be able to handle
               | more, but even just having the land is a major part of
               | the cost. It's certainly better than depending on trying
               | to dump higher density housing in the middle of
               | neighbourhoods where transport upgrades will require
               | starting from scratch.
               | 
               | And if remote working continues, that'd allow far more
               | housing near transport hubs. People will still travel on
               | occasion, for all kinds of reasons.
               | 
               | And the second advantage of construction near transport
               | hubs is that it usually means fewer neighbours likely to
               | object. E.g. last time I was at Palo Alto at least, there
               | was no low density housing immediately surrounding the
               | station, and even where there is, there's typically
               | little enough to make buying up the required properties
               | to resolve the issues a lot easier.
        
       | kadomony wrote:
       | If places like the Bay Area had a modicum of intelligent
       | governance, they'd take the approach that Tokyo did. Urbanize and
       | ban street parking. Make the place walkable with affordable rent.
       | The current real estate developments out there are a joke.
        
       | tonfreed wrote:
       | You WILL live in the concrete pod You WILL eat the bugs You WILL
       | NOT own anything You WILL be happy
       | 
       | Amazing how many of these articles I'm seeing lately.
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | Allowing for denser housing frees up homes. The pod thing is
         | scary because of a _lack of choice_ which is what this article
         | argues against.
        
       | traloid wrote:
       | Interesting. So 50 years ago, with labour efficiency and
       | productivity being a small fraction of what it is today, single-
       | family houses were easily built and bought by people.
       | 
       | Today its somehow an unreachable goal that people cant obtain.
       | Why? I dont want to live in a pod or communal flat with 20
       | people. How are people not revolting over the direction western
       | economies are taking?
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | California has a _long_ way to go before it starts to become
         | attractive.
        
         | jgwil2 wrote:
         | Because the population has increased over the course of fifty
         | years. There's a limit to how many single-family houses you can
         | build that are reasonably close to jobs.
        
         | PeterisP wrote:
         | You can easily get an affordable single-family house - it's
         | just going to be a long way from your job because you'll have
         | to drive through all the land taken up by less affordable
         | single-family houses who want to pay extra to live closer to
         | where everybody else is.
        
       | dclaw wrote:
       | Foreign investors are the real issue. It's apparent that some are
       | even laundering their money by purchasing US real estate. Just
       | because the big players are doing so with commercial real estate
       | doesn't mean smaller players aren't doing it with housing. Many
       | houses owned by foreign investors tend to sit vacant full time.
       | 
       | There's even lawyers who specialize in the stuff, telling people
       | to setup businesses and have the house owned by the business to
       | reduce their tax rate.
       | 
       | https://www.icij.org/investigations/fincen-files/a-kleptocra...
       | 
       | https://calmatters.org/housing/2018/03/data-dig-are-foreign-...
       | 
       | https://www.avvo.com/legal-guides/ugc/a-guide-for-foreign-in...
        
         | woah wrote:
         | This is a baseless conspiracy theory, usually peddled by those
         | who stand to gain from high housing prices. "Oh no, high
         | housing prices aren't caused by the fact that we don't allow
         | anything new to be built, it's those nefarious foreigners".
         | 
         | It's easy to see how it doesn't add up. Why would some wealthy
         | foreign investor want to buy a house and then lose a bunch of
         | money by not renting it out?
        
           | sk2020 wrote:
           | Some people have money they need to get rid of. Taking a loss
           | on the property is not as big of a problem as having money
           | you can't justify having possession of. How much of the
           | market that is would be hard to guess. Zero is not likely,
           | though.
        
           | Supermancho wrote:
           | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-08-16/taxing-
           | th... - the wealthy can afford lots of houses. They buy them
           | or even build them (midwest, lots of empty multi-million
           | dollar homes are still appearing).
           | 
           | I mean, there are multiple multi-billion dollar companies who
           | haven't let go of their office spaces when there's no hope
           | that people were going to return to work anytime soon. One of
           | the many simple reasons, they can afford to burn the cash and
           | it's a drop in the bucket. I don't think you are grasping
           | what kind of wealth buys up houses.
           | 
           | > It's easy to see how it doesn't add up.
           | 
           | > Why would some wealthy foreign investor want to buy a house
           | and then lose a bunch of money by not renting it out?
           | 
           | In the late 2010s, the primary reason was as a protective
           | measure/taxation avoidance. In China, the wealthy are always
           | at a danger of being on the wrong side of the government and
           | having your wealth confiscated. In Bellevue (the wealthy
           | eastside of the Seattle area) had a burgeoning industry of
           | exotic car dealerships, luxury jewelry and housing prices
           | soaring as Chinese money loaded up on housing. When Xi (and
           | the PRC at large) decided to crack down
           | https://www.jonesday.com/en/insights/2020/02/chinas-new-
           | fore..., by 2019 most of the luxury businesses evaporated and
           | houses were being liquidated (most still made money because
           | of decent US housing inflation) because of the taxation of
           | foreign assets and the penalties for not disclosing them. So
           | that's done.
           | 
           | There's always oil money from the middle east which has ended
           | up in California. My family sold off 2 properties to families
           | from Quatar and Iran, who casually paid for east house up
           | front. These were their "California" homes.
           | 
           | Banks have been buying up houses for awhile now. Yes, it
           | pains me to bring up FOX News.
           | https://foxbaltimore.com/news/nation-world/major-wall-
           | street... - they are likely to rent out the homes. American
           | banks who are looking to maximize value for something they
           | don't intend to even live in (or run to), don't mind renting.
           | This is a maximized investment that makes sense to you. Those
           | do happen.
           | 
           | My wife and I just bought a house next door to one of the
           | MANY display houses of Todd Griffin (Windows Plus). The yard
           | is a wreck but the interior furnishings (kitchen, windows,
           | shelving, etc) are very nice, barring the bare slab concrete
           | floor. Nobody has ever lived there.
        
           | maxk42 wrote:
           | It's not baseless. China is full of a new class of wealthy
           | people who can have their property or wealth confiscated by
           | the state at any time. They also know that won't happen in
           | foreign real estate and as a bonus it affords their children
           | the opportunity to attend a prestigious foreign university.
           | Many wealthy Chinese own foreign real estate in western
           | countries as a hedge.
        
         | conradev wrote:
         | US investors are also a real issue, even if they fill their
         | property with tenants
        
       | hamburgerwah wrote:
       | Zoning changes are worthless when there is still prop 13 and the
       | most onerous permitting and building restrictions in the country.
       | 
       | The only long term solutions are completely infeasible while
       | there are elections in the state. Existing property owners need
       | to pay actual representative property taxes and need to see their
       | homes decrease about 75% in value through a combination of
       | massive building campaign and increase an inventory from the
       | unaffordability of paying real property taxes.
        
       | xt00 wrote:
       | Changing zoning in your neighborhood that you currently live in
       | (and continue to want to live in) will likely change it, so for
       | people to accept that risk they should be given an incentive..
       | for example within a given neighborhood what if the state gave
       | those areas huge property tax breaks to allow zoning changes?
       | Then there is a trade-off, pay less taxes and then you get
       | something for the potentially different future. Maybe it's better
       | maybe it's worse but saying to people "please just allow changes
       | to the zoning" has not worked...
       | 
       | edit: basic thing I was thinking about was giving people
       | incentives for YIMBY pushes in areas.. yea prop13 complicates it,
       | but just wondering if there is any incentive for the folks that
       | live in someplace already or the base assumption is that a very
       | large percentage will vote against it?
        
         | s0rce wrote:
         | More than half my neighborhood already gets massive property
         | tax breaks from Prop 13. Some people pay like 1/10th of what a
         | new owner would pay.
        
         | darksaints wrote:
         | They bought a house. It came with a deed. The deed delineates
         | exactly what rights are conferred. Zoning is not one of them.
         | 
         | Why do we have to bribe people to rescind rights that they
         | never had in the first place?
        
           | orcasauce wrote:
           | There is an expectation that where I live won't just be
           | rezoned industrial to make way for more Amazon warehouses.
        
             | darksaints wrote:
             | There's also an expectation that aliens don't invade, and
             | chickens won't mutate into tyrannosaurus rexes with all the
             | 5g going up.
             | 
             | Luckily, none of that will ever happen. You'll get
             | apartments, not warehouses.
        
           | RHSeeger wrote:
           | The people that live in those area, and own those deeds, are
           | the ones that vote and or convey their desires to their
           | representative to impact the rules in those areas.
           | 
           | So I guess the answer to your question is "because those
           | people bought their deeds under when a certain set of rules
           | were in place, and they are in a position to exert pressure
           | to keep those rules in place". Why would you expect them to
           | act against (what they perceive as) their own self interest?
           | 
           | The answer of "because it helps society as a whole" is a
           | powerful one, but not one that holds enough weight for a lot
           | of people to give up a significant portion of their net
           | wealth / retirement / satisfaction.
        
       | tomcam wrote:
       | I urge the Times editorial board to experiment in their own
       | neighborhoods first and report back to us.
        
       | joelbondurant wrote:
       | Communists gonna commune.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.is/7lrVl
        
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