[HN Gopher] Googlespeak - How Google limits thought about antitrust
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       Googlespeak - How Google limits thought about antitrust
        
       Author : cyrusshepard
       Score  : 895 points
       Date   : 2021-08-24 20:06 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (zyppy.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (zyppy.com)
        
       | clipradiowallet wrote:
       | The author could use another search engine, or put their business
       | efforts(SEO) into a field _not_ dependent on another
       | company(Google) making zero changes to their services. They aren
       | 't the power company(or another utility), they are a for-profit
       | corporation, behaving in a manner the shareholders of a for-
       | profit corporation expect them to.
       | 
       | Or is that...unreasonable?
        
         | mcrad wrote:
         | Okay so do shareholders of public companies encourage the
         | management to commit fraud and deception?
        
         | coldacid wrote:
         | What good would "[putting] their business efforts" towards
         | other companies accomplish, other than cutting off their own
         | air supply? With how much of search is dominated by Google, you
         | have to deal with them if your job is SEO, simply because all
         | of their search competitors _combined_ don 't add up to the Big
         | G.
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | > Or is that...unreasonable
         | 
         | Yes. And I suppose that is what your downvoters mean too.
        
       | disillusioned wrote:
       | My friend has told me that Amazon has much the same _very strict_
       | limitations on language and messaging around certain terms,
       | especially in any retained messaging. He also mentioned that his
       | unit doesn't retain Chimes past 30 days or so, specifically to
       | avoid ever having it used in discovery.
        
       | nixpulvis wrote:
       | If Google would like to return the public investments in the
       | creation of The Web perhaps then and only then should we allow
       | them to destroy it.
        
       | realjohng wrote:
       | You know you're good when you get to top of HN with polar
       | opposite stories: driving the future with waymo and killing the
       | future with monopoly.
       | 
       | Somebody should beat Google w features. bing anybody?
        
       | benatkin wrote:
       | It can get pretty nasty. Last year @jaffathecake who works at
       | Google called @getify's "language" Trump-like for trying to raise
       | the alarm about Chrome looking at hiding the path from the URL
       | bar until the URL bar is focused, like Safari does. The original
       | tweet is deleted, so you can't check whether it was "sowing
       | division", but it wasn't IMO.
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/jaffathecake/status/1275030931577896962
       | 
       | Edit: This is very similar to how Google used their blog to
       | criticize Rand Fishkin, as mentioned in the article. Here's the
       | official post from Google, which reads like a personal attack:
       | https://blog.google/products/search/google-search-sends-more...
        
       | afterburner wrote:
       | > But to the Googlers, it was as if I was speaking another
       | language.
       | 
       | I mean, they are literally being paid not to understand.
        
       | inglor_cz wrote:
       | I don't particularly like Google, but it is obvious that they are
       | in the "Everything you say may be used against you" situation and
       | they cannot simply take the fifth and cut off any communication
       | among employees.
       | 
       | If you need to take into account that every single message sent
       | over internal media may be one day combed by hostile
       | investigators for anything that might be considered your
       | wrongdoing, you need to be careful, regardless of your size.
        
       | ineedasername wrote:
       | For a more complete look at the concept that linguistic structure
       | & lexicon set the boundaries of thought, see the Sapir-Whorf
       | Hypothesis [0]. Spoiler alert: the "strong" version doesn't quite
       | hold up under experimental scrutiny, but the "light" version has
       | some legs.
       | 
       | As a bonus, follow-up with George Lakoff's _Metaphors we Live
       | By_.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_relativity
        
         | kens wrote:
         | I second your recommendation of _Metaphors we live by_. It is a
         | book that had a lasting impact on how I view the world and I
         | think most HN readers would find it interesting.
        
       | ryankupyn wrote:
       | I think that a lot of this makes sense from Google's legal
       | perspective, where antitrust litigation is a constant
       | consideration and any internal document mentioning market share
       | or competitors could be used against them.
       | 
       | I'm sure that there is a great deal of discussion about potential
       | anticompetitive issues within Google and with their outside
       | counsel, but in a context where legal privilege protects against
       | disclosure.
        
         | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
         | One could argue that they position themselves as an
         | accomplished monopoly already, because their internal
         | correspondence pretends competition doesn't even exist, or is
         | of no consequence whatsoever.
        
           | coinomega wrote:
           | Being a monopoly (or to be precise: to be in a dominant
           | position), is not problematic in EU competition law. It is
           | the abuse of said position that is illegal!
           | 
           | https://ec.europa.eu/competition/publications/factsheets/ant.
           | ..
        
       | ec109685 wrote:
       | >It's difficult to imagine any new flight search, no matter how
       | innovative, winning today with Google acting as the web's
       | gatekeeper.
       | 
       | Google results are dominated by the Expedia Group (a conglomerate
       | of tons of different brands:
       | https://www.expediagroup.com/home/default.aspx). While Google's
       | practices have definitely hurt, it's a _huge_ business, and
       | probably a larger reason why a new flight search competitor can
       | 't get off the ground.
       | 
       | As a customer, it's annoying there isn't more diversity anymore.
       | Generic travel searches are dominated by these brands, plus
       | articles full of affiliate links that are hard to trust.
        
       | ummonk wrote:
       | It's not just legal risk but PR risk as well it's hat they're
       | trying to avoid. Notice how the press often gets its hands on and
       | makes a big deal out of shocking comments made by a few random
       | employees in a company employing tens of thousands.
        
       | jewelry wrote:
       | A lot of discussion of 1984 here in US. The truth is most of the
       | people here have no idea of what 1984 looks like, unless they've
       | lived in China for more than 5 years. That's the combination of
       | money, power and brain power to lock the intelligence and wash
       | the brains.
        
       | a_imho wrote:
       | The other way around, classic 'It is difficult to get a man to
       | understand something when his salary depends upon his not
       | understanding it'. Googlespeak can be a crutch in the process,
       | but I don't think it is the root cause.
        
       | graderjs wrote:
       | It's interesting this language creates a reality where only
       | Google exists. Apart from the legal and 'anti-trust' aspects, I'm
       | sure this is useful for creating a sense of manifest destiny,
       | where Google is the only service that people see. I'm sure that
       | is eventually inevitable, that search becomes like an intelligent
       | agent and there is a single company that provides it. Other
       | people see a future based on individuals granting different AIs
       | permission to mine their personal data in return for personalized
       | services...which would also be an interesting future.
       | 
       | But I think we are definitely headed for a single-massive company
       | providing all intelligent search at least for a time. It just
       | seems like that will be the best way to get the best version of
       | that product, until we actually know what that product really is.
       | 
       | That AI search company may not be Google, and if not that would
       | be a fascinating story to see how such a player emerged as
       | underdog to become the dominant search provider in a Google-
       | dominated world. Exciting times!
        
       | deathanatos wrote:
       | This is such an uncharitable interpretation of the training
       | materials. The material there is not saying "if you want to speak
       | about things that raise antitrust concerns, use this coded
       | language", it's saying "don't do these things, and just focus on
       | building a good product".
       | 
       | Like, the thing here that really boggles my mind: if the training
       | materials had said _literally the exact opposite_ of what they
       | do:  "crush the competition, find ways to prevent competitors
       | from competing fairly with us" etc. -- someone like the author
       | would write an article vilifying them. (And rightly so.) So the
       | company instead says "focus on our product; competition is good
       | and okay" and ... they're vilified for it. Damned if they do,
       | damned if they don't.
       | 
       | By this article's twisted logic, any company focused on their
       | product is just engaging in newspeak for thinly veiled anti-
       | competitive behavior. Or is it just if Google does it?
       | 
       | (It kills me to argue this, since I think normally these
       | threads/articles spawn good debate about the size and scope of
       | FAANG. But... this one is ridiculous.)
        
         | B-Con wrote:
         | Every now and then I'm reminded of a) how much of HN has never
         | worked for a large company, and b) how unfamiliar much of HN is
         | with common business and legal practices.
         | 
         | Too many thought leaders masquerading as engineers.
        
           | kettleballroll wrote:
           | You're being cryptic. The people your criticizing (this might
           | include me, i have no way of knowing) will not be able to
           | learn anything from your reply. It would be more constructive
           | I'd you shared your thoughts so we'd have a chance to
           | improve. What is your point, exactly? Spell it out for us,
           | please.
        
         | imhelpingu wrote:
         | I would encourage readers to compare this disingenuous top
         | comment with the other disingenuous top comment.
         | 
         | edit: And those of you trying to suppress that comparison with
         | downmods can cry more.
        
           | moeris wrote:
           | Am I supposed to come away thinking they're both reasonable
           | interpretations which accurately critique the main argument
           | in this article? Because that's what I came away with.
           | 
           | (At the moment, the other to comment is about how focusing on
           | positive goals is a good business strategy, not just light-
           | stepping on legal egg shells.)
        
             | imhelpingu wrote:
             | I pasted the current top comment for you since you seem to
             | be having trouble finding it or reading it:
             | 
             | >When I was at IBM 15 years ago, IBM was far from being a
             | monopoly, since there were plenty of competitors in the
             | hardware space (HP, Sun, Dell, etc) and in the software
             | space (Oracle, SAP, etc.) and in the Services space
             | (Accenture, PwC, KPMG, etc.) employees still had to
             | complete annual legal training that was very similar to
             | what was described in the post.
             | 
             | >Any large company with half-way competent legal counsel is
             | going to tell their employees not to say, "our goal is to
             | crush our competitors, dominate the market, and hear the
             | lamentation of their women." Instead they will tell their
             | employees to focus on making life better for their
             | customers. It's a much healthier way for product managers
             | to focus, and what you might do if the goal is
             | "crush/dominate the competition" is _not_ the same than if
             | the goal is delight the customer. So it 's not just a
             | messaging strategy to prevent embarassing e-mails from
             | coming out at trial; it's a business strategy, too.
             | 
             | Hope this helps.
        
               | mwint wrote:
               | Can you explain what you're trying to say? I feel like
               | I'm supposed to see something damning in these two
               | paragraphs, but I'm not seeing it. Writing styles seem
               | dissimilar enough that I don't think they're the same
               | person, if that's it.
        
           | shrimpx wrote:
           | You're being downvoted because your comments make no sense.
        
         | Razengan wrote:
         | > _This is such an uncharitable interpretation of the training
         | materials. The material there is not saying "if you want to
         | speak about things that raise antitrust concerns, use this
         | coded language", it's saying "don't do these things, and just
         | focus on building a good product"._
         | 
         | That is a very charitable interpretation of the training
         | materials.
        
         | BiteCode_dev wrote:
         | Your comment shows that it works, exactly like the article says
         | it does.
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | Accusing interpretations of being "uncharitable" feels really
         | odd when we're talking about communication training material.
         | It's not some Slack thread taken out of context, we're reading
         | quotes from reviewed and crafted material.
         | 
         | Also I don't see how changing "Cut off competitors' access to
         | target" to "Integrate target with Google" matches your
         | idealistic view of "focus on our product; competition is good
         | and okay".
         | 
         | They basically acknowledge competition will be crushed, and are
         | asking for appropriate communication to avoid troubles. It
         | makes sense from Google's point of view, but I don't see why we
         | should be advocating for them in any way.
        
           | ma2rten wrote:
           | I think you are reading something into it that is not
           | necessarily there. The slides give examples of things that
           | are appropriate to say and are not appropriate to say. It
           | doesn't necessarily mean that one thing has to changed into
           | the other.
        
             | makeitdouble wrote:
             | That "good vs bad" table doesn't work if the element on the
             | same line don't refer to the same situations/behaviors. The
             | examples above of reneging "Dominant" for "Successful" is a
             | clear example of that.
        
             | BiteCode_dev wrote:
             | Just like the 1984 party so the article is spot on.
        
         | krsdcbl wrote:
         | But it is not training material that tries to convey "focus on
         | the product".
         | 
         | It's literally communication guidelines of a profit oriented
         | company dominating it's market in a monopolistic way that says
         | "avoid talking about market or market share, this is bad"
         | 
         | The only way to have a "charitable" interpretation of this is
         | to partake in their game, imho.
        
         | Yizahi wrote:
         | To simplify - if the actions of an entity are bad (or perceived
         | as bad), then whether they are saying truth about those actions
         | or lies - DOESN'T MATTER AT ALL. So yes, indeed, Google will be
         | damned whatever they say, as long as their actions stay the
         | same.
        
         | dennisblue wrote:
         | I disagree.
         | 
         | When I was at IBM 15 years ago, IBM was far from being a
         | monopoly, since there were plenty of competitors in the
         | hardware space (HP, Sun, Dell, etc) and in the software space
         | (Oracle, SAP, etc.) and in the Services space (Accenture, PwC,
         | KPMG, etc.) employees still had to complete annual legal
         | training that was very similar to what was described in the
         | post.
         | 
         | Any large company with half-way competent legal counsel is
         | going to tell their employees not to say, "our goal is to crush
         | our competitors, dominate the market, and hear the lamentation
         | of their women." Instead they will tell their employees to
         | focus on making life better for their customers. It's a much
         | healthier way for product managers to focus, and what you might
         | do if the goal is "crush/dominate the competition" is _not_ the
         | same than if the goal is delight the customer. So it 's not
         | just a messaging strategy to prevent embarassing e-mails from
         | coming out at trial; it's a business strategy, too.
        
         | audunw wrote:
         | Whether it is charitable or uncharitable depends on your
         | subjective interpretation of the intent of the training
         | material. But I think the focus on not talking about market
         | share is a huge sign that this material is not written with
         | good intentions. That makes very little sense.
         | 
         | If the material was written exactly the opposite, it'd almost
         | make more sense, most companies want a high awareness of their
         | market share... unless they're worried about being hit with an
         | anti-trust case.
         | 
         | And so, when it comes to banning phrases like "crush the
         | competition" it's not that rule alone which is worrying, it's
         | the whole package.
         | 
         | Your argument is also a bit flawed, in that the alternative
         | isn't training material that encourages talking about "crushing
         | the competition". The realistic alternative is that the
         | training material wouldn't have to mention it at all. Either
         | because the company doesn't have a problem with that kind of
         | culture, or because the company isn't close to being a
         | monopoly, such that talking about "crushing the competition"
         | would just be interpreted as healthy competitiveness.
        
       | dleslie wrote:
       | While looking at the tables of good versus bad phrasing I
       | couldn't shake the feeling that I was reading something not so
       | dissimilar to how leaders of organized crime historically avoided
       | prosecution. By not naming the crime, by speaking about it
       | indirectly and with softer language, they hoped to invigorate
       | doubt in a hypothetical jury.
       | 
       | It's a method of avoiding responsibility oft credited to Henry
       | II, who stated off-hand "Will no one rid me of this turbulent
       | priest?"
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Will_no_one_rid_me_of_this_tur...
        
         | JadeNB wrote:
         | Or the earlier example "Edwardum occidere nolite timere bonum
         | est" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_linguistic_example_
         | sen...).
        
         | roenxi wrote:
         | Yeah, but that isn't even a hint of a problem. It would be like
         | observing that Google and the mafia also both use accounting
         | principles to organise their finances.
         | 
         | These large companies are _going_ to be involved in lawsuits,
         | no matter what. Their written communications are _going_ to be
         | trawled through, more than likely. Everyone in the company
         | would have to be a bit simple for there not to be some
         | preparations to defend against legal discovery.
         | 
         | Even if you believe yourself to be completely innocent of any
         | crime, it is still stupid to make life easier for some legal
         | assailant.
        
           | dleslie wrote:
           | If the behaviour doesn't warrant prosecution then there would
           | be no need for careful use of language to conceal it.
        
       | eunoia wrote:
       | Sometimes I wonder how much of the push against remote work from
       | certain large companies comes down to the increased
       | discoverability (in the legal sense) of employee communications
       | over Slack/Teams/etc vs in person...
        
         | eunoia wrote:
         | Can't edit anymore, so replying. Can anyone tell me why this is
         | apparently not a concern? Genuinely curious especially in light
         | of this article.
        
       | bickeringyokel wrote:
       | How large a market share does a company need to be a monopoly?
       | Search seems like more of an oligopoly, is there a legal
       | definition of market size for something to be a monopoly or is it
       | more of a case by case thing?
       | 
       | I'd say youtube is probably the closest thing they have to a
       | monopoly, but even then there's tiktok, ig/Facebook etc. Those
       | probably count as video "creator" platforms.
        
       | tytso wrote:
       | When I was at IBM 15 years ago, IBM was far from being a
       | monopoly, since there were plenty of competitors in the hardware
       | space (HP, Sun, Dell, etc) and in the software space (Oracle,
       | SAP, etc.) and in the Services space (Accenture, PwC, KPMG, etc.)
       | employees still had to complete annual legal training that was
       | very similar to what was described in the post.
       | 
       | Any large company with half-way competent legal counsel is going
       | to tell their employees not to say, "our goal is to crush our
       | competitors, dominate the market, and hear the lamentation of
       | their women." Instead they will tell their employees to focus on
       | making life better for their customers. It's a much healthier way
       | for product managers to focus, and what you might do if the goal
       | is "crush/dominate the competition" is *not* the same than if the
       | goal is delight the customer. So it's not just a messaging
       | strategy to prevent embarassing e-mails from coming out at trial;
       | it's a business strategy, too.
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | Here's Adam Curtis' brief history of Google's relationship to
         | "the customer" (false label: advertisers are the customers, not
         | search engine users)
         | 
         | 1998 Idealism. "I think I want to make the world a better
         | place."
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/55jSx4pRZqI?t=1789s
         | 
         | 2000 Disaster and desperation. VCs tell SB what Google must do.
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/55jSx4pRZqI?t=2249s
        
           | jollybean wrote:
           | Neither having a child out of wedlock or even with someone on
           | staff, and, quoting Conan the Barbarian have anything to do
           | with anything really.
           | 
           | Sergei Brin pushed the company to invest in his wife's
           | company, had an affair with a subordinate, and probably
           | quotes some other funny things along the way, it might say
           | 'something' but I'm not sure if it speaks to 'competence'.
           | 
           | I'm not sure if this attack on the character of the
           | companies, while maybe somewhat relevant, really speaks to
           | the 'legal posture' of the companies.
        
           | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
           | "The only thing in my head is a conviction that our
           | fascination with modern technology and the internet may go
           | very quickly. It doesn't mean the internet will disappear -
           | but it will just become suddenly seen as mundane. And not
           | threatening. And quite a lot of it a bit of a con." - Adam
           | Curtis
        
         | equality_1138 wrote:
         | Healthier way? This is wrong. First, to admit your goal is to
         | crush your competitors is completely appropriate. That is the
         | exact way the market is supposed to work. Thoughts about hiding
         | this inherent part of any businesses strategy is, well, fine
         | for lawyers, but essentially ignorant for engineers. Lawyers
         | are not paid to make things, nor to develop your strategy. They
         | are paid to manipulate laws and the truth. To write ethical
         | issues off as lawyers just lawyering is a terrible way to
         | approach business or technology.
        
           | vasco wrote:
           | You can win a 100 meter race by having a goal of running sub
           | 8 seconds, or you can win a race by having a goal of crushing
           | the other athletes. It's up to you if during your training
           | you're focused on the times versus on the other athletes.
           | It's also up to you if during the race you're looking left
           | and right to see how fast they're running or if you're just
           | focused on going the fastest you can. I think this is the
           | difference in approach that they were mentioning. Obviously
           | you still defeat the competition as a byproduct of being the
           | fastest, but they are very different approaches.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Except in the race, your goal is to be the first, not to
             | eliminate your competition. On the market, your goal is
             | _literally to crush your competitors_ in any legally
             | possible way. Making _the best_ product is one way to do
             | it, though not the most effective one.
             | 
             | People seem to forget that the market, as a system of
             | competing actors, doesn't care. It's like the
             | lawnmower/Oracle mentioned elsewhere in the thread. It just
             | doesn't give a damn. All the wealth any member of society
             | enjoys is merely a side effect - the same way the motive
             | force for a car is a side effect of combustion in the ICE.
             | Gasoline doesn't give a damn about you being late for work,
             | it only wants to violently oxidize. We make the market
             | economy work the same way we make a car work - by carefully
             | harnessing powerful forces that, inadequately constrained,
             | are _deadly_.
        
         | grecy wrote:
         | Which is hilarious, because I remember very clearly when
         | McDonald's was crushing Burger King and the head of McDonald's
         | said, on the record, "You know what you do when your
         | competitors are drowning. ... step on their head".
         | 
         | I guess burger joints can't be monopolies.
        
           | fennecfoxen wrote:
           | Burger joints compete in the "fast food" market which also
           | includes fried chicken joints, taco joints, and the like.
           | They also have more broad competition from the "fast casual"
           | market, "restaurant dining" market, and the "food" market.
           | 
           | The question antitrust has historically asked here is the
           | concentration, and the extent to which have they have pricing
           | power.
        
         | account42 wrote:
         | In other news: Googler doesn't see anything wrong with Google.
        
         | Frost1x wrote:
         | But do the means justify the ends? Most people understand that
         | unethical behavior or concerning actions to get a desired
         | 'good' result isn't acceptable.
         | 
         | But the current approach is to mask the ends, the end goal may
         | actually not be what we desire, e.g. corrupt monopolies
         | leeching off society. But as long as we create approaches and
         | incentive structures that get us to the same ends that are
         | deemed acceptable, then it's just an "undesired side effect" we
         | can handwave away, or so many managing businesses think.
         | 
         | Both the ends and the means matter.
        
         | bogwog wrote:
         | At what point does *market share* not become a KPI? At what
         | point does market share become so irrelevant, that you stop
         | tracking it altogether in your entire multibillion-dollar
         | megacorp, and make your employees stop talking about it?
         | 
         | Answer: When you become a monopoly (or are on your way there),
         | and need to hide from regulators. That's the point where the
         | market becomes irrelevant, so tracking market share is nothing
         | more than a liability.
         | 
         | The "improve life for customers" stuff is all fluff that you
         | might read in a training manual alongside photos of happy
         | employees playing ping pong at work.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | >> The "improve life for customers" stuff is all fluff that
           | you might read in a training manual alongside photos of happy
           | employees playing ping pong at work.
           | 
           | I'd say Google is redefining the word "customers". What they
           | really mean is users. Customers are traditionally those who
           | pay for products or services. I'm sure Google also makes
           | things easy for those who pay them, but that's not who they
           | mean by "customers".
           | 
           | If I'm not mistaken the GoogleSpeak word for "companies we
           | extort money from to maintain relevance in search results" is
           | probably "partners".
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | if you create a product thats unique or defines a category
           | you start by having a market share of 100 percent. Market
           | share does not define monopolies. What defines monopolies is
           | the absence of alternatives. Like you know, the postal
           | service to send letters. funnily nobody talks about those.
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | The economic definition of monopoly is 'price setter' as
             | opposed to 'price taker'. The government actually defines
             | that as 'market power'. But in order for it to be something
             | 'anti trust' etc. then it's more complicated.
             | 
             | Sherman Act, Section 2 [1] - definitely worth a read.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.justice.gov/atr/competition-and-monopoly-
             | single-...
        
         | yakubin wrote:
         | _> Any large company with half-way competent legal counsel is
         | going to tell their employees not to say,  "our goal is to
         | crush our competitors, dominate the market, and hear the
         | lamentation of their women." Instead they will tell their
         | employees to focus on making life better for their customers._
         | 
         | The lawn mower would like to have a word with you:
         | <https://youtu.be/-zRN7XLCRhc?t=2040>
        
           | CrazyCatDog wrote:
           | Reference is not until about the 38:30 mark, link starts
           | sooner but provides greatly amplifying context!
        
           | georgeecollins wrote:
           | That is an amazing talk! Thank you for sharing.
        
         | throwaway201025 wrote:
         | > Any large company with half-way competent legal counsel is
         | going to tell their employees not to say, "our goal is to crush
         | our competitors, dominate the market, and hear the lamentation
         | of their women."
         | 
         | I don't think that's true. I work for Samsung and we talk about
         | market share and competitors _all the time_.
         | 
         | I mean, why shouldn't we? Being crystal clear is a very good
         | step to achieve a goal. We need to be more honest.
        
           | 2hatredboned wrote:
           | Somehow related Comic: >
           | //s20.directupload.net/images/210825/v4dbak6h.png ^^
           | 
           | BTW: (Yesterday-News) "News For South African Looters As
           | Samsung Moves To Block Stolen TVs..."
        
         | delusional wrote:
         | I agree that others do the same, but the observation that
         | vocabulary somewhat affects thought is still interesting. As an
         | example, the sentence about "defensive rationale" didn't just
         | reformulate the sentence, it completely changed the meaning.
         | 
         | If people aren't allowed to talk about "crushing competition"
         | they also can't think about it. If they can't think about it
         | they also can't recognize it when it happens.
        
           | judge2020 wrote:
           | The policy isn't to avoid crushing competition or becoming a
           | monopoly in some market, it's to avoid specifically setting
           | out to do so. Unless Google intentionally slows
           | development/cuts resources, the amount of capital and level
           | of talent they put into products makes "make the product
           | better for users" a plan very likely to result in naturally
           | taking over the market.
        
             | smhost wrote:
             | That's the policy that the Biden team is trying to change.
             | Following from what you said, do you expect Google to
             | change its behavior once the natural monopoly policy
             | loophole gets fixed?
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | > That's the policy that the Biden team is trying to
               | change.
               | 
               | Source? the FAAMG plan with horizontally scaling the
               | business into more markets is ultimately "benefit the
               | consumer", so disallowing such expansion is effectively
               | making products worse (for the majority; the minority
               | customers unhappy with the new FAAMG-backed competing
               | product do indeed suffer). If this policy is that narrow,
               | they'll just slow acquisitions/product development and
               | either start spinning off more companies or increasing VC
               | spending, which doesn't move the needle besides detaching
               | the company's name from their money.
        
               | smhost wrote:
               | You justified natural monopolies in your first comment.
               | 
               | What do you think Biden meant when he said "capitalism
               | without competition isn't capitalism"?
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | > What do you think Biden meant when he said "capitalism
               | without competition isn't capitalism"?
               | 
               | Until we see some antitrust action that's an actual
               | breakup and not 'locked down devices that aren't game
               | consoles need to allow third party App Stores' we won't
               | know the actual extent to which Biden is serious about
               | doing anything to natural horizontal monopolies.
        
           | dannyw wrote:
           | Trust me, every Google exec thinks hard about crushing
           | competition. They just don't put it in writing.
        
             | pyuser583 wrote:
             | Do they? Googles competition is Facebook (advertising). But
             | Google seems very wary about going into FB dominated areas
             | (Google+ notwithstanding), and FB is very wary about going
             | into Google areas (no FB phones or tablets).
             | 
             | They kind of agree Google is the search/Android company,
             | and FB is the social network company, and that way they can
             | both sell ads.
             | 
             | Even Reddit, Snapchat, and TikTok, FBs main competitors,
             | were never "crushed." There was never a full out assault on
             | them.
             | 
             | FBs attitude seemed to be to watch them, learn from them,
             | and adopt their best practices.
        
         | smhost wrote:
         | What exactly is the logic here, that because IBM used to do the
         | same thing Google is doing, and because IBM was not a monopoly,
         | that we should be okay with Google behaving this way?
        
           | simcop2387 wrote:
           | The logic is that this isn't a sign of google being a
           | monopoly and that it has more implications than _just_ being
           | there to avoid anti-trust actions.
        
             | smhost wrote:
             | That doesn't follow. You can read it in the exact opposite
             | direction, that every other company culture is already
             | behaving as if it is a monopoly.
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | It's much more simple once you realize that 'language is
               | not reality'.
               | 
               | People can use all sorts of language, colloquially, and
               | it can be interpreted in many ways.
               | 
               | You could absolutely use language within the company like
               | 'crush the competition' wherein the culture is fully
               | product oriented, great quality, support etc. and 'win
               | the market'. That's perfectly legal and frankly ethical.
               | 
               | Legal's job is to protect from scrutiny and litigation,
               | in which case, they will, among other things, say 'don't
               | use this language'. Because it could be used as a kind of
               | evidence, even if it's totally contextualized and
               | misunderstood.
               | 
               | They will also obviously advise the CEO and product
               | leadership on materially illegal activities, but it's
               | unlikely that rank and file are going to hear about that.
               | 
               | For example, colluding with your industry partners on
               | hiring practices ... you're not going to be privy to
               | that.
               | 
               | If the company is not getting sued, legal is doing it's
               | job. The rest of the equation mostly up to the rest of
               | the executive team.
        
               | smhost wrote:
               | "Language is not reality" _is_ the problem at stake,
               | because language is really how people and organizations
               | think. Language structures the field of possible self-
               | justifications, and it 's the ruler against which
               | behaviors are measured. But, like you said, the fact that
               | monopoly-related language is prohibited doesn't change
               | reality. All the prohibition does is that it stops the
               | organization's (and regulators') ability to measure its
               | behavior against possible self-justifications. It's a
               | strange legal technology.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > is really how people and organizations think. Language
               | structures the field of possible self-justifications, and
               | it's the ruler against which behaviors are measured
               | 
               | This works less well when employees are not taught from
               | birth only the language Google's legal team want them to
               | learn.
        
           | regnull wrote:
           | Literally every other company does this. I'm not sure what is
           | the story here - the lawyers are coaching the employees not
           | to put anything that can be used against the company in
           | writing? The author tried to make it about Google for
           | whatever reason.
        
             | smhost wrote:
             | That's an indictment of every other company as well then.
             | The point is about anti-competitive ideology. If "anything
             | that can be used against the company" also includes anti-
             | competitive thinking, then that's the conflict.
        
             | randomperson_24 wrote:
             | true
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | There have been a handful of these. Somebody leaks the
             | communications training and then somebody writes an article
             | is shock that a company with 150,000 employees has
             | communication training.
        
             | travoc wrote:
             | Every company does this? I've worked at quite a few Fortune
             | 500's and never experienced this.
        
         | ajb wrote:
         | Yes and no.
         | 
         | Via market share, competition amplifies the rewards of being
         | better. if you make your product 1% better than the
         | competition, you might go from 30% to 70% market share. But to
         | do so, you have to actually gain the market share. You can't
         | just "build it and they will come"; in many industries, someone
         | has to go out and win the market after the product is built.
         | And so a lot of people in companies are really, really, really,
         | motivated to gain market share. That's what increases their
         | share option value, and gets their bonuses. And that's what
         | tempts companies towards lock-in and all the rest.
        
         | zeteo wrote:
         | Public relations has been around for a hundred years now. It
         | shouldn't be news to anyone that large companies are careful
         | with phrasing things and have full time employees devoted to
         | the nuances of messaging.
         | 
         | And yes, when armies of lawyers are routinely descending on
         | your internal communications then it sucks but PR-speak has to
         | become the norm for all. Most people don't like it, but the
         | consequences of not doing it are even worse.
        
         | kens wrote:
         | > 15 years ago, IBM was far from being a monopoly
         | 
         | I think some historical background is necessary here. Nowadays
         | IBM isn't a monopoly but during the 20th century, IBM was more
         | or less a monopoly. IBM's antitrust problems go back to their
         | 1936 consent decree and 1956 consent decree. IBM was subject to
         | a _huge_ antitrust case that went on from 1969 to 1982 as well
         | as many other antitrust lawsuits.
         | 
         | The first point is that of course IBM and other at-risk
         | companies will have training to keep people from writing things
         | that will cause antitrust problems. (Their antitrust case had
         | 30 million pages of discovery.)
         | 
         | Second, antitrust cases hinge on the "market" (as a legal
         | term), so it's not surprising that Google wants employees to
         | avoid using that word. In an antitrust case, each side will
         | argue over what is "the market", and you don't want to lose the
         | case because of a random email discussing the "market".
         | Google's recommendation to say "Area" instead of "Market"
         | hardly limits thought, but it makes a big different in
         | antitrust.
         | 
         | Third, I don't want to go all CLS, but antitrust law is pretty
         | much incoherent and illogical. Even after the antitrust case
         | against IBM ended (by fizzling out after 13 years), nobody
         | agrees on whether IBM was violating antitrust laws or not.
        
           | slownews45 wrote:
           | No question that anti-trust is currently pretty much
           | incoherent.
           | 
           | One frustration is that it has morphed from things around
           | consumer harm to a new focus on harm to other ... businesses.
           | 
           | Google downranks some crappy content farm / shopping
           | aggregator - bam - antitrust complaint. Yes, it hurt that
           | business and so helps google shopping - but no one asks - do
           | users like these crap content farms? Same with google finance
           | - I liked it. Now google can't prioritize that - even through
           | I want it and so I get sent to a giant ad laden garbage fest
           | of another finance / stock quote site.
           | 
           | The other issue consumers no longer have any leverage with
           | respect to very large businesses and govt is no where. So
           | Apple can build a very valuable offering by playing "cop" in
           | their closed garden. That is a consumer benefit.
           | 
           | In other words, you individually would never be able to
           | negotiate a deal where someone would let you sign up for
           | their service anonymously, but apple can force that.
           | 
           | They can force trials signups to have full details of
           | renewals (same font).
           | 
           | They can force folks to allow you to cancel subscriptions
           | without huge advance warnings and will remind you of
           | subscriptions in advance. Yes, this sucks for developers, but
           | the consumer is helped by these steps.
           | 
           | Until govt steps in, I'd love for them to back off on folks
           | creating these places where the tons of crap the govt allows
           | on the broader internet is not permitted.
        
             | Razengan wrote:
             | > _One frustration is that it has morphed from things
             | around consumer harm to a new focus on harm to other ...
             | businesses._
             | 
             | This is the root of most hullabaloo around Apple, isn't it?
             | Many of the things they do, like limiting exploitation by
             | third-party payment systems (e.g. which rarely offer
             | refunds for regretful purchases, unlike the App Store which
             | always complies) or hiding your email from personal data
             | farmers, ultimately benefit consumers, but of course
             | Apple's competitors would love to break those walls down
             | and invade the garden.
        
               | slownews45 wrote:
               | It's interesting because the coalition for "app fairness"
               | is a whose who almost of folks who have repeatedly paid
               | fines / penalties (which barely covers the cost) for
               | their billing and other practices.
               | 
               | We already know how the other guys do it, they screw you.
               | must cancel 30 days in advance or you get a 1 year
               | renewal. Meanwhile, when I delete an app that has a
               | subscription apple reminds me and suggests cancelling
               | subscription!
               | 
               | The problem is individuals have NO / ZERO leverage in
               | these deals these days. This is not your corner grocer.
               | Match Group etc are major companies - and yes, they will
               | do everything they can to extract every $, long term
               | brand strength be darned.
        
             | mpweiher wrote:
             | > morphed from things around consumer harm to a new focus
             | on harm to other ... businesses.
             | 
             | As far as I know, it is actually the focus on "consumer
             | harm" that is, well was, the new thing, introduced in the
             | 1980s under Reagan, and it largely gutted antitrust law.
             | And that was exactly the purpose.
             | 
             |  _For much of that history, including the seminal breakup
             | of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil in 1911, the ruling
             | antitrust theory was "harmful dominance." That's the idea
             | that companies that dominate an industry are potentially
             | dangerous merely because they are dominant. With dominance
             | comes the ability to impose corporate will on workers,
             | suppliers, other industries, people who live near
             | factories, even politicians and regulators._
             | 
             |  _The election of Ronald Reagan in 1980 saw the rise of a
             | new antitrust theory, based on "consumer welfare." Consumer
             | welfare advocates argue that monopolies can be efficient,
             | able to deliver better products at lower prices to
             | consumers, and therefore the government does us all a
             | disservice when it indiscriminately takes on monopolies._
             | 
             | https://wolfstreet.com/2021/08/14/antitrust-bombshells-in-
             | th...
        
               | pencilcode wrote:
               | Monopolies in the long term tend to lead to higher prices
               | because without good competition what's the incentive to
               | sell with low profit margins? So, sell cheap for years,
               | kill any competition, then the market is yours and you
               | can do whatever you want to the inevitable detriment of
               | the consumer. The consumer also looses in monopolies.
        
               | slownews45 wrote:
               | But the complaints against apple have focused on things
               | they do that at least too me seem helpful and a positive
               | part of my experience with apple. I feel MUCH more
               | comfortable spending money via apple then I do almost
               | anywhere else.
               | 
               | Software on the web - endless issues buying / refunding /
               | renewing.
               | 
               | And if I don't like apple (which only has like 15% market
               | share) I can switch to any number of android phones.
               | 
               | It's just weird seeing the FTC going after a player that
               | is generally doing things consumers like. Meanwhile,
               | android phones ship with rom loaded rootkits / trackers /
               | overlays and app stores and what do we hear from FTC?
               | Crickets - literally.
        
               | belorn wrote:
               | If apple allowed other stores on their phones you could
               | still buy exclusively from apple. All your applications
               | to could have a "verified by apple" sticker.
               | 
               | Nothing prevents apple from providing the exact same
               | experience and still have a setting in the phone that
               | allow third party markets from installing their
               | applications. It would be just like the app store in
               | windows.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | > Nothing prevents...
               | 
               | Nothing prevents you working 10 minutes a day on
               | something I want you to do - and yet I suspect you will
               | not.
               | 
               | Apple has proven to be the most competent organisation on
               | the planet, in the 50 odd year history of mobile phones,
               | at getting consumers what they want. Suggesting that they
               | should run things some other way needs some much stronger
               | arguments and is going to be highly debatable.
               | 
               | To get to this point they've taken on all the major tech
               | giants, the mobile phone industry, the telecoms and
               | various foundational web technologies (including Flash,
               | happily) and out-competed anyone in the business of
               | making profits. At every step of the way they proved to
               | be much better at anticipating what was a good idea than
               | everyone. Much more serious voices were made to look
               | foolish than the backseat drivers.
               | 
               | If you don't want what Apple is selling, buy something
               | else.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Buy what? There's only Apple and Google and they collude
               | to dominate the market.
        
               | lozenge wrote:
               | But there's a lot that would help consumers that Apple
               | conspicuously don't do.
               | 
               | It took them ages to deal with kids making unauthorised
               | in app purchases and AFAIK they still haven't dealt with
               | scam apps and scam subscriptions ($150/year QR code
               | scanning app).
               | 
               | Consumers would appreciate PWAs but it doesn't suit
               | Apple's corporate strategy so they are poorly supported.
               | 
               | You can't pay through the Netflix or Kindle app due to
               | their ridiculous rules.
               | 
               | They look for ways to keep market dominance and move into
               | more markets and then they think about consumer benefits
               | they can add on the side.
        
               | freen wrote:
               | Monopolies also breed more monopolies.
               | 
               | If there is only one buyer/seller then in order to fight
               | their price making power, you can't form a cartel
               | (illegal price collusion!) but you can consolidate into
               | another monopoly and push the monopoly price making power
               | elsewhere in your benefit.
        
             | richardfey wrote:
             | > Now google can't prioritize that - even through I want it
             | 
             | Of course they can: they could let you opt-in to this
             | specific facet of customised search results. The general
             | issue is about the default search results.
        
             | gambler wrote:
             | How would a consumer know that they are "harmed" by
             | Google's shenanigans when those shenanigans involve
             | deleting the competition before it gets the chance to
             | compete? This sounds like a catch 22 type of definition of
             | monopoly. Businesses need competition for the free market
             | to work properly.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | srswtf123 wrote:
           | Okay, but we can agree that IBM powered the holocaust, and
           | that those tattoos on survivor's arms represented the punch
           | cards for IBM systems, right?
           | 
           | Because really, when there's a profit to be made, American
           | companies are there to fill a "need", right?
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | What point are you trying to make?
        
               | srswtf123 wrote:
               | Every corporation has secrets they'd like to hide. No one
               | is beyond reproach.
               | 
               | I don't think anyone is disputing that -- but every thing
               | Google is doing is the result of fallible humans acting
               | in pursuit of profit.
               | 
               | It doesn't matter who or when. What matters is that
               | people put aside their ethics in pursuit of profits. I
               | think that needs to end.
               | 
               | </soapbox>
        
             | imglorp wrote:
             | That's horrifying. I was not aware. The horror is hundreds
             | of IBM employees were directly involved in extermination
             | activities; literally maintaining tabulation machines on
             | prem, as it were, in the camps.
             | 
             | I hope every HN reader has the awareness and moral strength
             | to resist, where the corporations are unable, the next time
             | such a job comes.
             | 
             | https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/52879
        
               | endominus wrote:
               | I wouldn't get my hopes up. The number of times I've seen
               | people, even here, equate legality and morality is
               | frightening.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > I wouldn't get my hopes up. The number of times I've
               | seen people, even here, equate legality and morality is
               | frightening.
               | 
               | I have literally never seen anyone here argue that
               | "murder and genocide isn't morally wrong if it is legally
               | right".
               | 
               | Are you sure you aren't equivocating "I don't support
               | $FOO political position" with "I support murder and
               | genocide"?
               | 
               | Because I _have_ seen a number of people argue that some
               | aspect of their personal moral code, which isn 't
               | currently written into law, should be written into law
               | and enforced on the rest of the people who don't have
               | that moral code.
        
               | endominus wrote:
               | No, I wasn't even thinking of political positions. I'm
               | not trying to dog-whistle around red-tribe/blue-tribe
               | signaling, I actually mean what I said. I was in a
               | comment thread some time ago about the ethics of self-
               | driving cars. Another user believed that they should base
               | the decisions of who to save on the cultural mores,
               | history, and laws of the region where they are sold. On
               | the one hand, it's hard to see a business doing
               | otherwise. On the other, that's exactly how we get Zyklon
               | B and legal slavery in the third world.
               | 
               | I was discussing the trolley problem with a lawyer a few
               | years ago, and her conclusion to the dilemma, no joke,
               | was literally "It depends if I would be legally culpable
               | in the country I'm in." Which is a very legalistic, and
               | utterly amoral answer.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | My apologies, I read your comment more uncharitably than
               | you intended.
               | 
               | > Another user believed that they should base the
               | decisions of who to save on the cultural mores, history,
               | and laws of the region where they are sold.
               | 
               | This brings up a different issue: the product will then
               | be considered amoral in the particular region that it is
               | deployed in. That's the problem with using "morals" as a
               | yardstick - it's too subjective because every culture has
               | their own set of morals, and these morals change over
               | time anyway.
               | 
               | For a product sold in multiple regions, it makes sense to
               | follow the cultural mores of that region. If you don't
               | like their morals, don't do business with them.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Holy shit, that's an incredible story. I live right in
               | front of Auschwitz and I had no idea.
               | 
               | Also that quote from the article, from IMB's spokesman:
               | 
               | "We are a technology company, we are not historians."
               | 
               | That's fucking rich. Imagine Bayer saying the same when
               | questioned if their company used to make Zyklon B.
        
               | srswtf123 wrote:
               | I wonder how much has been spent over the years
               | suppressing this?
        
               | ahoka wrote:
               | Wait till you read about Academi or McKinsey.
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/15/world/asia/mckinsey-
               | china... https://www.propublica.org/article/new-york-
               | city-paid-mckins...
               | https://foreignpolicy.com/2014/07/01/blackwaters-
               | descendants...
        
             | durnygbur wrote:
             | Americans will fuell all sides of the conflict to reap the
             | financial and political profits, disregarding human lives
             | including unaware civilians. With their official army,
             | intelligence agencies, corporations, and many other
             | entities we have no clue about.
             | 
             | The fascinating part of the deal of IBM with Nazi Germany
             | is that it boils down to _tracking_of_individuals_. Their
             | personal profile, location, capabilities, health status.
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | It sounds like German employees in Germany and it's
             | territories working for the german subsidiary did work for
             | the German government yes, and after the war was declared
             | they did some very shady stuff. Similarly American citizens
             | working for German companies in America did work for the US
             | government during the war.
             | 
             | I don't really see what's surprising about any of this. The
             | implication seems to be that the US directors of IBM were
             | supposed to do something about it, but I'm not sure what.
             | 
             | Of course if some of these contracts for the concentration
             | camps and such were tendered during peacetime, and this was
             | known and it was possible for the US operation to exercise
             | oversight, that would be incredibly damning.
        
               | hnbad wrote:
               | This comment is peak HN. Congratulations.
        
               | lozenge wrote:
               | The Just World Fallacy is incredibly strong in this one.
               | 
               | Sure, the US imprisoned its citizens of Japanese
               | ethnicity during WWII, a practice approved by its highest
               | court, but they would never imprison Jewish people just
               | for their ethnicity, right?
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | If I'm committing a fallacy, it's probably just assuming
               | that individual American IBM executives probably wouldn't
               | have actively and knowing facilitated genocidal policies.
               | Also that if German IBM employees did do so, that's on
               | them, not necessarily US execs who may have had no
               | knowledge or awareness of it.
               | 
               | That turns out to be false though, it's seems apparent
               | that US execs had a pretty good idea what their machines
               | were being used to do at last up to 1942. Not in detail,
               | they probably weren't aware of the specific activities
               | happening at say Treblinka, I don't think anyone in the
               | US did, but they were aware that German government policy
               | was the registration and oppression of Jews and other
               | minorities and that IBM machines were facilitating it.
        
               | lozenge wrote:
               | You pretty much just hoped something wasn't true, even
               | though references were easily available, so you started
               | making excuses, caveats and assumptions instead of
               | following up on those references. Really what was your
               | comment going to achieve?
               | 
               | Your fallacy is to repeatedly make assumptions in favour
               | of the US without any evidentiary basis. When history is
               | as well studied as it is, there's no need to propagate
               | your assumptions.
               | 
               | Now you're at it again - I just Googled "when was us
               | aware of the holocaust" and found an interesting Time
               | article. There were already rumours of mass killing. And
               | the existence of concentration camps, ie not merely
               | "registration and oppression" but active imprisonment,
               | was very well known. The number of victims was
               | underestimated in the common mind - but IBMs contribution
               | of record keeping systems was to help increase that
               | number.
        
               | hnbad wrote:
               | Nah, this is just the ultimate conclusion of the Friedman
               | doctrine: there is no morality, only legality. Unless you
               | can conclusively prove that IBM US C-level executives
               | knew about the Holocaust while it was happening, it was
               | just business as usual which makes it okay by definition.
               | 
               | Actually if I put it that way, it's just hating Mondays.
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yts2F44RqFw
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | Are you just guessing though? There certainly was
               | coordination between IBM in the US and IBM in Nazi
               | Germany even during the war. Look at IBM and the
               | Holocaust by Edwin Black for example.
               | 
               | We can argue about the scale of involvement and its
               | meaning, but if you're not just speculating you should
               | mention a source.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | My apologies, I thought it was clear I was speculating.
               | Hence "sounds like" and "that would be incredibly
               | damning". Thanks for the reference.
        
           | roenxi wrote:
           | > antitrust law is pretty much incoherent and illogical
           | 
           | Most things antitrust are incoherent and illogical. The
           | unofficial plan seems to be literally to find market leaders
           | who are offering substantially better products than the
           | competition and then attack them for unspecified and likely
           | immeasurable gains. Whether or not we've seen benefits from
           | past antitrust actions, I don't believe measurements and
           | observations of the actual outcomes are part of the debate.
           | There is just an assumption that because they happened and
           | big companies are bad ergo the outcome must have been good.
           | 
           | The article alludes to Google's 92% search engine market
           | share as some sort of concealed monopoly. As a problem, this
           | doesn't make sense! There is absolutely nothing stopping
           | anyone switching to another search engine except the other
           | search engines aren't generally very good. Google is better
           | at providing search results than they are. Or presumably it
           | is, I don't know since I stopped using Google Search a long
           | while ago. This is a monopoly only in the sense that everyone
           | agrees Google is a better option.
           | 
           | The problem with Google is that it is likely integrated with
           | the US intelligence services. No antitrust suit is ever going
           | to attack that; because it is the part that the government
           | supports.
        
             | webmaven wrote:
             | Monopolies aren't necesarily bad in-and-of-themselves. The
             | trouble starts when a monopoly in one market is used to
             | gain an advantage in another.
             | 
             | So, having a monopoly in the search engine market isn't
             | necessarily a problem (especially given the low switching
             | costs you noted), but leveraging that monopoly to compete
             | with non-search-engine companies by essentially choking off
             | their search engine traffic is a BIG problem.
             | 
             | The exact means used that results in said choking-off may
             | or may not matter (this is where the incoherence pops up),
             | but the fact is that the conduct of any company with a
             | monopoly (including entirely legitimate and legal ones)
             | MUST face additional scrutiny for how it affects other
             | markets.
             | 
             | When it was just starting out, Google was proud of how
             | quickly users left Google search results by clicking a
             | link. AFAICT, that didn't change until sometime well after
             | AdWords was introduced (in fact, how quickly users left was
             | an AdWords selling point and increased competition for the
             | top ad slots), but at some point, Google started
             | cannibalizing their SERP traffic in various ways. It was
             | going to bite them in the ass sooner or later.
        
             | tibbetts wrote:
             | Once upon a time US regulators recognized that limited
             | competition and market dominance can be a problem all by
             | themselves, for their chilling effect on innovation.
             | Unfortunately under Reagan the DOJ changed their policy and
             | started arguing that concrete consumer harm has to be
             | demonstrated for a business to be subject to antitrust.
             | That's a much higher bar. Imagine trying to build the
             | modern internet under a telco monopoly, and trying to argue
             | that consumers were being harmed because internet access
             | was limited. Who would even want internet access under
             | those circumstances?
             | 
             | The same is true of Google. It's hard to show concrete harm
             | (though wrecking flight search counts for me) when we have
             | no counterfactual to consider. For example, in a truly
             | competitive display ad market (instead of a duopoly), maybe
             | our civilization would have figured out that display ads
             | are a waste of money and consumer product manufacturers and
             | retailers would stop buying them. But it's hard to know.
             | This is why we should go after any company that is dominant
             | in any market.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | Helpfully this is exactly the sort of argument I'm
               | complaining about. The basic form is "the regulators did
               | this", its "hard to show concrete harm" but therefore "we
               | should go after any company that is dominant in any
               | market".
               | 
               | If we skip to the handwave, what is and how solid is the
               | evidence that the regulator's actions were sensible?
               | Targeting the most competent company for harassment is,
               | on the face of it, a bad strategy.
               | 
               | > Imagine trying to build the modern internet under a
               | telco monopoly
               | 
               | "Before the 1996 Act was passed, the largest four ILECs
               | owned less than half of all the lines in the country
               | while, five years later, the largest four local telephone
               | companies owned about 85% of all the lines in the
               | country." [0]
               | 
               | Yeah, that'd be really hard. But the major problem is
               | poor regulation creating monopolies/incentives for them.
               | The correct approach is to go for the root cause -
               | competition stifling regulation - rather than setting up
               | monopolies and then ineffectually trying to fight them in
               | courts.
               | 
               | "Antitrust" is a distraction from the actual problem -
               | bad regulation and incentives. And if the coversation
               | revolved around actual attempts at showing evidence the
               | antitrust stuff is hard to sustain. The examples are
               | trivial. People on HN were whinging about Google removing
               | an alert box in Chrome the other week.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_Act_
               | of_1996
        
               | kmeisthax wrote:
               | The problem with this is that I can't really point to a
               | competition-stifling regulation that actually benefits
               | Google.
               | 
               | Copyright and patent law would be the closest thing, but
               | Google's core business isn't selling licensing
               | agreements. They owned the search market way before
               | Android was even a public project, much less the open-
               | core monstrosity it is today. Google got to where it is
               | because it legitimately hunted the rest of it's
               | competitors into extinction, not because it got better at
               | throwing red tape at them.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | Can you point to actual harm done by Google that people
               | can't walk away from?
               | 
               | I've been working to untangle myself from them for a
               | while. It isn't particularly hard, there are just a lot
               | of really good services that need to be replaced.
               | 
               | The only thing I can't evade is the constant snooping all
               | over the web. And that isn't something antitrust
               | regulators are going to be dealing with.
        
               | pjerem wrote:
               | > Can you point to actual harm done by Google that people
               | can't walk away from?
               | 
               | The idea that things such as access to information,
               | mailbox, applications, storage, ... should not cost you
               | any money and that it's acceptable (for the few people
               | who even know) to pay with a log of every move you do.
               | 
               | Just go read any paid app reviews on any of the App Store
               | to read tons of comments like << 1/5 It's not free >>.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | In what way did they wreck search? If I'm going to a new
               | city, I usually start on Google flights and find it okay
               | to good.
               | 
               | If I need more, I'll go to a specific carrier's site or
               | to Matrix, but I'm usually using Google to get the
               | overview picture (and it seems to work well).
        
             | washadjeffmad wrote:
             | Google recently removed use of its sync API (and others)
             | from Chromium. What you call a "search engine" is really a
             | vast network of integrated services that Google can pull
             | the plug on at any moment for any reason.
             | 
             | If you want to make money from your site/channel, you pony
             | up to Google's ad services to get ads from Google's ad
             | networks to show up higher in Google's search engines so
             | your customers with Google accounts can easily sign into
             | your site running Google's authentication and feed metrics
             | back into Google's web browser that's optimized for Google
             | content. That's some kind of vertical integration, baby.
             | 
             | I'm deliriously sleepy, but I'm sure I got like, 70% of
             | that right. I don't want to just de-Google, I want to be
             | able to extricate and cordon off it and everything related
             | to it on the web like I do with Facebook. But how?
        
           | sidlls wrote:
           | No rational person is going to see "Area" in this context as
           | anything but a synonym for "Market."
        
             | rprwhite wrote:
             | That's true, but if this didn't make news then what
             | would've happened in the future? Thousands, millions maybe,
             | of documents talking about areas and no mention of markets
             | make discover more difficult for a future anti-trust case.
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | _Especially_ when Google is distributing documentation
             | saying to use the word  "Area" explicitly instead of
             | "Market."
        
               | gugagore wrote:
               | IANAL but it seems that it would succeed in requiring an
               | additional layer of argumentation that "area" is code for
               | "market". My rough sense is that nothing is trivial in
               | cases like this, but how difficult would it be to argue
               | this?
        
               | lugged wrote:
               | Las I checked judges don't love it when you try to be
               | clever or cute.
        
               | cormacrelf wrote:
               | Establishing the use of the word "market" in an email is
               | not the end goal. The end goal is establishing the
               | violation of US antitrust laws by, e.g. buying out the
               | competition and taking actions that unreasonably restrict
               | trade (generally in your competitors' goods/services).
               | 
               | But there are two ways to hold a company to account. One
               | is a civil mechanism, producing civil penalties and
               | consent decrees (or damages, maybe?). The other is by the
               | prosecution of a criminal offence. Enforcement via the
               | latter is harder to do. It requires showing the actions
               | were done intentionally, just like every criminal
               | prosecution. It also has a very high standard of proof.
               | Using the word "crushing the competition" in the context
               | of buying competitors or engineering them out of the
               | first page of search results is evidence of that. Google
               | doesn't want exposure to criminal liability. It is
               | undoubtedly harder to prove they did this stuff
               | intentionally if they deliberately refrain from talking
               | about it and do it in winks and nods.
               | 
               | I don't know what you're referring to by "try to be
               | clever or cute" but using these language guidelines to
               | decode discovered materials and show a criminal intent to
               | do things that constitute criminal violations of
               | antitrust law is not cute, and neither is relying on the
               | absence of directly incriminating language to absolve
               | yourself.
        
               | rpmisms wrote:
               | "Your honor, my case is kawaii. The defense rests."
               | 
               | In all seriousness, a clever argument can be very good,
               | as long as it's also solid. Not mutually exclusive.
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | q: why do you ask people to use the word area instead of
               | market?
               | 
               | a: Because imprecise language clouds thinking and makes
               | things less intelligible, and Google is a company that
               | makes its money from intelligence. People have been
               | incorrectly referring to areas as markets, in order to
               | better communicate we laid down guidelines. We often lay
               | down guidelines about corporate communications to
               | heighten their efficiency, as do other companies
               | 
               | on edit: I'm not saying that this is true, but one can
               | easily make an argument as to why you use area instead of
               | market in communication and ask your workers to do
               | likewise. I would think the courts would require more
               | evidence than that.
        
               | sidlls wrote:
               | You're suggesting that an answer which explicitly makes
               | "area" a synonym for "market" is a defense against the
               | suggestion that using "area" is an attempt to obfuscate
               | that they're really referring to "market". That, uh,
               | doesn't add up.
        
               | sidlls wrote:
               | It's not that complex. Judges aren't computers, and the
               | words of a law are not an imperative program that judges
               | "execute" against the evidence and arguments. The
               | attempted ruse isn't that clever, and it's more likely to
               | piss a judge off than wow him or her.
        
               | aflag wrote:
               | Using area still murk the waters. Some people may be
               | legitimately meaning something other than market when
               | they say area. So it's not really possible to say that
               | every market occurrence can be replaced with market in
               | the internal emails. This is not the definitions section
               | of a contract, it's a guideline. So, it's probably still
               | worth doing. If they don't, then people using market have
               | 100% chance of meaning market, whereas after the
               | guideline, usage of area has less than 100% chance of
               | meaning market and being accepted like so.
        
         | jollybean wrote:
         | 'Legal's job is much more about language than approach.
         | 
         | They will require you not to say 'crush competitors' because it
         | would be used as evidence.
         | 
         | The issue 'make a better product vs. crush competitors' is
         | usually a more of a strategic issue.
         | 
         | Edit: it's not illegal to want to 'crush competitors' FYI the
         | issue is the language that would point in a particular
         | direction. The evidence of my point is Google's existence - I
         | would argue it participates in a number of anti-competitive
         | practices for which it's very smart legal team has made sure
         | the language they use doesn't support legal scrutiny.
        
         | twirlock wrote:
         | Way to explain exactly what the fucking article said.
        
       | greatgib wrote:
       | I was a direct witness of such a brain washing case a few years
       | ago.
       | 
       | Google was about to release a new version of Android or of Nexus
       | phones. (I don't remember the exact details)
       | 
       | And there was an insider leak, so the details of the innovation
       | were published on internet a few days before the official
       | announcement.
       | 
       | Leaks are now very common and often organized by companies, but a
       | few years ago it was not yet the case.
       | 
       | I had a lunch with a few people including some Google engineers a
       | few days after the leak. A discussion started about this topic,
       | and the googlers said things like: "what a scandal the leak, we
       | hate so much the person that did that, that we would have like to
       | have him dead. If anyone in the company find who he his, we would
       | seriously punch his face".
       | 
       | I was surprised, because, this was just a leak of the features,
       | same content has what would have been disclosed in the PR
       | announcement. Personally I would be happy that people have so
       | much interest in my product that they spontaneously reshare early
       | details about it. I did not see where the offense was for some
       | random engineers of the company.
       | 
       | So, I asked them, and they told me that they felt that the
       | insider "stole their announcement of their product".
       | 
       | I told them that it is ridiculous, because as an engineer you
       | should like that your product is known, and that people hear and
       | talk about it. But it should personally make no difference if the
       | feature list/preview is published a few days earlier by a leak
       | instead of by a random PR guy or by a big head of the company.
       | 
       | The only offended one might be the big head and the PR/marketing
       | guys that had their plan ruined, but not common Google software
       | engineer salarymen.
       | 
       | But the Googlers were not able to understand this idea, and then,
       | they became hostile to me for the rest of the lunch for even
       | having suggested that their feeling might not be justified.
       | 
       | So then I realized that they were brain washed by the company
       | internal communication to feel that anything annoying for Google
       | was bad for them personally!
       | 
       | In the exact same way that there are dictator led countries were
       | most of the inhabitants are blindly following whatever the
       | dictator says is the truth!
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | To some degree, having the work discussed is great. But
         | depending on the way it leaked, it can diminish the focus on
         | the product, and sometimes it can make the official release
         | flop and that's not great.
         | 
         | From what I hear, Google has/had a policy/culture of largely
         | free information flow inside the company while not having
         | information flow outside the company; a leak undermines that
         | culture/policy and leads to more locked down information flow
         | on the inside, and it's reasonable to be upset about that.
         | 
         | > they became hostile to me for the rest of the lunch for even
         | having suggested that their feeling might not be justified.
         | 
         | People don't usually apprechiate it when they're upset and
         | others tell them their feelings aren't justified and they
         | should feel differently. That's simply not a good way to engage
         | people.
        
           | aix1 wrote:
           | > Google has/had a policy/culture of largely free information
           | flow inside the company
           | 
           | Sadly, this is "had" rather than "has" (it was the latter
           | until a few years ago). As you point out, not least due to
           | leaks.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | Yes, this happened at Google, in a huge way. Ten years ago
           | you would hear interesting things at TGIF, the weekly
           | informational company-wide event people would demo not-yet-
           | launched software and hardware, discuss R&D, etc. After such
           | a lot of cumulative leaks people stopped saying anything
           | interesting at TGIF. You'd get information faster by reading
           | the company press releases than by waiting for Friday.
           | 
           | It's not like the leakers did some kind of noble service,
           | either. They were just assholes who destroyed something nice.
        
         | brandmeyer wrote:
         | > So then I realized that they were brain washed by the company
         | internal communication to feel that anything annoying for
         | Google was bad for them personally!
         | 
         | I think your interpretation of this experience is incorrect.
         | Their visceral reaction was against leaking specifically, not
         | negative information generally. Part of the propaganda behind
         | TGIF, the internal newsletters, and so on is the idea that this
         | inside information is part of what makes you special as a
         | Googler.
         | 
         | > "...we hate so much the person that did that, that we would
         | have like to have him dead."
         | 
         | While I'm sure you caught a big fish that day, I'm also sure it
         | wasn't that big (come on: the retelling of this anecdote does
         | not need quite that much exaggeration).
        
           | greatgib wrote:
           | > While I'm sure you caught a big fish that day, I'm also
           | sure it wasn't that big (come on: the retelling of this
           | anecdote does not need quite that much exaggeration).
           | 
           | I don't exaggerate that point, the sentence was not exactly
           | that but something very excessive and very close to that.
           | 
           | This is the intensity and violence of their feeling that
           | shocked me to the point that I still remember this case after
           | around 5/6 years or more.
        
             | brandmeyer wrote:
             | During my tenure, just about every leak was accompanied by
             | howling about the people who dared leak the information.
             | Termination? Yes. Blackballing? Yes. _Summary execution_?
             | No.
        
         | wccrawford wrote:
         | I've never even worked at Google, but if my team is working
         | towards something and our announcement is pre-empted, yeah, I'm
         | going to be upset. I would never wish anyone dead over it, but
         | I would definitely be pissed at them.
         | 
         | There's a lot of work that goes into those announcements. It's
         | not just advertising the product that is the goal, it's
         | presenting it their way.
         | 
         | Similarly, when someone is telling a joke and someone else
         | tells the punchline, they get upset about it. According to your
         | logic, they shouldn't. The joke was told, and the audience
         | heard it. But I've yet to meet anyone who wouldn't be upset
         | about someone else telling the punchline to their joke.
         | 
         | They were not brainwashed. You were incredibly insensitive to
         | their feelings.
        
           | greatgib wrote:
           | If you are an engineer working on the software, the
           | announcement really has little interest. You just want it to
           | be wide and sure not being done in a way that put a bad light
           | on your product.
           | 
           | This kind of things happened in my case, and I was more happy
           | to see the interest of the potential users than knowing who
           | disclosed it as it would not be me anyway in all cases.
           | 
           | It might not be true in a small company/team/product. But in
           | a big tech corps, the guy that will do the official
           | announcement is usually quite far and unrelated to the
           | engineers that did the feature.
           | 
           | Also, maybe a piece that was missing from my story is that
           | the Googlers were not even in a team working or related to
           | the disclosed thing. For example they were in the chrome team
           | and it was an Android announcement or something like that.
           | 
           | Another point is that, at Google, it looks like that each big
           | product team is firewalled from the other team. For example,
           | people not working on Android core will not know anything
           | about it or it's development and be in separated buildings
           | and co.
        
             | mostdataisnice wrote:
             | This is just completely false - if you're working on a
             | feature, you want a PR splash controlled by you, not a
             | stream of silent leaks. PR begets other PR.
             | 
             | You're being super presumptuous by saying engineers
             | shouldn't care about the PR around the feature they worked
             | on, even if someone else is running the PR
        
               | greatgib wrote:
               | If it was silent leaks, no one would have even cared
               | about it!
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | As an engineer you should be focused on delivering objective
           | value, not subjective value.
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | As an engineer my ultimate goal is to help people, not push
             | metrics. The subjective value is the thing that matters.
        
         | cmrdporcupine wrote:
         | The reason Googlers get really ticked off about leaks is that
         | they ruined the very candid and open internal culture we _used_
         | to have. In the 10 years I 've been there I've seen us go from
         | TGIF sessions where Larry and Sergey and Eric openly discussed
         | things that every other employer I'd had before would have kept
         | quiet ... to the situation now which is a lot less like that.
         | And it has a lot to do with leaks from those very TGIFs.
         | 
         | Now I certainly wouldn't be talking about "punching people" or
         | "wanting them dead"... But I am not happy when my coworkers
         | violate trust by leaking. Unless we're talking about gross
         | ethics violations, harassment, etc. leaking internal stuff
         | doesn't improve anything for anybody except maybe the ego of
         | the leaker.
        
           | ocdtrekkie wrote:
           | On the contrary, the leaker is sharing with the public, often
           | things people deserve to know. It's the height of selfishness
           | to be upset that Larry and Sergey stopped telling you about
           | their dirty laundry, because the public was finding out.
        
             | rossjudson wrote:
             | Sounds like you're comfortable with having all of your
             | conversations transcribed directly to twitter! Let us know
             | where we can read that.
        
               | ocdtrekkie wrote:
               | I think that is an extremely false equivalence. While
               | there's an inherent irony about Sergey and Larry's woeful
               | desire for privacy, whilst buying yachts bought by
               | stripping everyone else of their own... I think it's fair
               | to say that a public company affecting the lives of
               | billions has drastically less right to privacy than a
               | private individual. ;)
               | 
               | I'll leave you with a quote: "If you have something that
               | you don't want anyone to know, maybe you shouldn't be
               | doing it in the first place." - Eric Schmidt, former CEO
               | and chairman.
               | 
               | The fact that Google locked down communication in
               | response to the leaks, is a tacit confirmation that they
               | are doing things they probably shouldn't be doing in the
               | first place.
        
               | botverse wrote:
               | I don't follow this reasoning. The leaks were of internal
               | but not secret as in "scandal" information.
        
       | randomperson_24 wrote:
       | It is also not just Google. Google atleast curates the content,
       | but has anyone used MSN or Edge (that comes with Windows)?
       | 
       | It has all news stories copied word to word from other news
       | websites. Its worse than AMP. The publication name is not
       | mentioned till the end of the page.
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | Good: Google's mission is to sell more ads
       | 
       | Bad: Google's mission is to organize the world's information
        
       | ekianjo wrote:
       | Thats not Googlespeak. Thats legal protection. Whenever a company
       | is open to investigation you can bet emails will be searched and
       | if something suggesting something borderline illegal is written
       | there it can be used against you. A lot of companiea give such
       | trainings to their employees.
        
         | playpause wrote:
         | Unclear how any of this means it's not Googlespeak.
        
           | altgoogler wrote:
           | It's not clear to you how standard business practices aren't
           | some sort of Google-specific Orwellian new-speak?
        
             | beepbooptheory wrote:
             | Well I don't know about OP but, no, its not clear to me! Or
             | at least, I don't know about the Orwell parallel precisely
             | here, but this way of thinking/speaking is very weird to
             | me, however much its "business as usual." Can't really
             | critique it, but you can't tell me its not a weird view of
             | the world!
        
         | _nalply wrote:
         | Perhaps you could view Googlespeak as a side-effect of the
         | legal protection.
        
       | bigcorp-slave wrote:
       | Every large company has these trainings. I personally have worked
       | at multiple companies with very similar trainings.
       | 
       | With thousands of employees, a company can't take the risk that
       | some random college hire mouths off over Slack on something they
       | don't know anything about and it shows up in discovery for
       | something in the future and is used as evidence of planned
       | malfeasance on the part of the company. I know we don't like
       | Google but this is not a Google thing, it's a "opposing lawyers
       | will take speculation from random low level engineers wildly out
       | of context and judges and juries are too dumb to put it in
       | context" thing.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | bertttles wrote:
       | "Google's Growing Antitrust Tsunami" - says it all!
        
       | hospadar wrote:
       | On a literary note: another great sci-fi reference point is
       | Samuel Delaney's "Babel 17" - the hook is that a government
       | creates a language that enables extreme thought capabilities, but
       | prevents you from conceptualizing the opposing government as
       | anything but an enemy.
        
         | johan_felisaz wrote:
         | Totally out of topic, but I highly recommend it ... (Not
         | technically a spoiler) I really liked the parallel betweens the
         | bad guys' language, which was manipulative to the extreme, and
         | the good guys' language, which was of course less extreme but
         | still contained deceiving vocabulary (i.e. Babel 17 is
         | critiqued because the good guys are called "who are invading",
         | yet the bad guys are themselves called "invaders" in English
         | ...)
        
           | mavhc wrote:
           | People who go to live in other countries are called expats,
           | people coming to live in your country are called immigrants
        
             | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
             | It's a shame about the downvotes, because that's a perfect
             | example of loaded language which imposes a conceptual frame
             | for both speaker and listener.
             | 
             | It's not an abstract point. It has very real consequences
             | because it's supposed to - and does - trigger expected
             | emotions and behaviours.
             | 
             | PR consultants, politicians, lawyers, ad copy writers, and
             | others who use rhetoric professionally use this kind of
             | loading very deliberately.
        
       | jgalt212 wrote:
       | But are there two groups at Google:
       | 
       | Group A: not allowed to talk about monopoly
       | 
       | Group B: The group tasked with maintaining the monopoly.
        
       | NoblePublius wrote:
       | I was expecting some analysis of what you tweeted to the Google
       | people that was outside their vocabulary.
        
       | indiantinker wrote:
       | Longtime ago, I made a small installation [1] at an HCI conf
       | about the same larger issue. Increasing Search Engines seem to
       | train people by judging their inherent confirmation bias. I think
       | many recommendation engines also try to do the same to a lower
       | extend by keep the 'subject' happy. It was interesting to see how
       | designers from leading companies present never thought their work
       | actually makes people live in bubbles and they always think it
       | was 'UX friendly'.
       | 
       | [1] http://rohitg.in/2017/09/03/whowe/
        
       | snarf21 wrote:
       | It is far more widespread than an interaction with a Google
       | employee. The phenomenon is everywhere. It was distilled
       | perfectly by Upton Sinclair quite a while ago: "It is difficult
       | to get a man to understand something, when his salary depends
       | upon his not understanding it!"
        
         | prox wrote:
         | Same with asking people here to stop using Chrome to get rid of
         | the way it dominates the web.
         | 
         | When you are tied to the hip to something, you will never
         | change. The network effect keeps you on the same Ferris wheel.
        
         | wombatmobile wrote:
         | > It is far more widespread than an interaction with a Google
         | employee.
         | 
         | Yes, it's systemic, not just in capitalism, through all of
         | nature.
         | 
         | In cell biology, it's the Krebs cycle.
         | 
         | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28219702/
        
       | SCUSKU wrote:
       | While I wholeheartedly agree with this article, I can't help but
       | think, why would Google or Googlers encourage discussion about
       | anti-trust in the first place? I understand that Google certainly
       | does dominate the market, but can you really blame them for
       | wanting to keep it that way?
        
         | Lammy wrote:
         | Google wants to be anthropomorphized. It is a non-physical but
         | conscious/living entity, and yeah I do empathize with its
         | desire to continue to exist:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egregore
        
         | Barrin92 wrote:
         | probably because for a company that prides itself on
         | innovation, it's a long term bad idea to prioritize eliminating
         | wrong-think and hiring people who are okay with that over
         | people who actually believe in competition and open thought
        
       | hnbad wrote:
       | It's odd to see so many comments siding with Google on this one
       | considering HN historically celebrates small startups
       | "disrupting" existing markets and sides against big monopolists
       | and Google especially.
       | 
       | I wonder if this is a consequence of early-stage underdog
       | startups having grown to significant sizes over time (or being
       | bought out by the more established competitors) and loyalties
       | continuing to align with those companies rather than their
       | original positions.
       | 
       | Maybe the US's political polarization of the discourse around
       | regulating "big tech" (with the anti-regulation Republicans
       | insisting on tight regulations and the "pro-regulation" Democrats
       | siding against it in response) is also having an effect.
       | 
       | I don't know when I last saw so many people implicitly arguing
       | Google is not acting anti-competitively or that antitrust laws
       | are just a pesky legal technicality that is moral and just to
       | guard against by shaping your company's internal communication
       | about your market dominance.
        
       | CryptoPunk wrote:
       | This sort of reminds me of how the public sector establishment
       | limits the acceptable language around cultural flashpoints, like
       | gender identity.
       | 
       | I was told that using the term "biological female" was
       | transphobic in the context of gender identity, and the individual
       | in question was pressing the issue to the point where I thought
       | there was a reasonable possibility I would be banned from the
       | forum if I persisted. I was told I have to use cis-female. But
       | that not only limits the expressive efficacy of my statement, by
       | substituting a well known term with one that a significant
       | fraction of the population does not know, it also, under the
       | guise of fighting diminution of the marginalized, narrows the
       | concept of a biological female, with the end goal clearly to be
       | to effect a change in the definition of "female" itself.
       | 
       | We see this same kind of language narrowing in the corporate
       | world, with Google's rules on how to discuss issues relevant to
       | monopoly, but I suspect this is defensive, and motivated by the
       | legal threat of anti-trust action, as such language used by
       | employees can directly impact the outcome of an anti-trust trial.
        
       | harryf wrote:
       | Not directly related but I have a theory that Google has shaped
       | public opinion online - and been very good at it- in a couple of
       | instances when there was a risk to their business.
       | 
       | The first was net neutrality, where you found various think tanks
       | doing stuff like YouTube explaining why it's bad to lose net
       | neutrality. Once I dug into who was funding one of those think
       | tanks and it looked a lot like Google. Given the % of bandwidth
       | that is people watching YouTube, Google had potentially some big
       | bills coming their way with the loss of net neutrality.
       | 
       | The other one is Kevin Rudd in Australia taking on Rupert Murdoch
       | while Google is at risk of having to share ad revenue on news
       | with NewsCorp. I haven't researched this much but the question is
       | simply who's funding Kevin Rudd to fight Murdoch.
        
       | poof131 wrote:
       | It amazes me that the consumer welfare standard has become so
       | ingrained in legal antitrust. How is a company town, feudalism,
       | or even slavery not the purest endgame of this logic? Own nothing
       | and forever be indebted. "Wow, everything is free for most
       | consumers, I guess we created a great world!" Can we move on to
       | the total welfare standard, please. [1]
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/documents/public_statements...
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | That font ...
        
           | bqmjjx0kac wrote:
           | Times New Roman?
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | Yeah, looks like a Firefox rendering problem.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | The real issue is redefining the market. This is common in
       | antitrust cases.
       | 
       | I could see an antitrust decision that forced Google to sell off
       | the third-party ad, ad tracking, video streaming, email,
       | messaging, and phone businesses, while retaining the search and
       | search ad business. Then at least they couldn't use one monopoly
       | to promote others.
        
       | trhway wrote:
       | Now somebody should make a reverse translation app to produce
       | real meaning behind that BS bingo Googlespeak. And it probably
       | may find the use well beyond the Googlespeak - just look at any
       | business or political PR/spin.
        
       | streamofdigits wrote:
       | monopolies, conglomerates, cartels, monocultures, oligarchies,
       | fragility, lack of diversity, lack of options, lack of checks and
       | balances, inequity...
       | 
       | any way you slice it this cluster of words represents a way of
       | organizing society that is suboptimal and detrimental. anything
       | that can be done by one entity can be done better by multiple
       | competing entities if they are forced to operate in a coopetitive
       | environment.
       | 
       | nobody should have to "prove" anything in the messy specific
       | circumstances of particular industries and companies. society and
       | its economic/political organization should have automatic
       | triggers and disincentives that would prohibit the formation of
       | such structures in the first place.
        
       | loopion wrote:
       | When he mention the bad word << market >> and << competitors >>
       | this is also the case at PayPal on our compliance program. But
       | this is under Anti-Bribery program. It's just to avoid having
       | proof against you.
        
       | ilaksh wrote:
       | No one is going to appreciate this but I will say it anyway just
       | because I think it's important and maybe one person will get it.
       | 
       | The solution to these type of technopolies is not better laws or
       | lawsuits. The solution is technical. It's about creating
       | protocols for decentralized systems.
       | 
       | Now, am I saying that it's obvious or easy to replace Google with
       | decentralized systems? Of course not. But what I hope people will
       | eventually realize is that open source distributed protocols are
       | in fact extremely powerful and perfect for creating better public
       | online commons.
        
       | echelon wrote:
       | There was a point in time when monopolies weren't understood as
       | economic constructs.
       | 
       | We're in a new era where the Famgopolies are something entirely
       | new with an even greater reach. They're all-encapsulating bubbles
       | that ensnare people across all the interactions they perform on a
       | daily basis, then tax every single point of ingress or egress.
       | 
       | If they keep growing, the classic _Demolition Man_ scene where
       | everything is Taco Bell will come true. Everything we see, buy,
       | eat, date, or think will come from the Famgopolies.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | You really need to define 'famgolopy' every time you use it.
         | It's not in urbandictionary and the only search results on the
         | topic link back to these threads.
         | 
         | It's too much of a neologism to trust that people understand
         | what you mean from context.
        
       | JoshTriplett wrote:
       | Forget about "competition" and "who provides the service" for
       | just a moment. (I'll return to them below.) I'm saying all of
       | this as someone who _doesn 't use Google search_. I would like to
       | see more competition in search engines. But anyone seeking to
       | work in that space needs to think about how users actually use
       | search engines, and stop thinking in the conceptual model of
       | "finding sites for the given search terms".
       | 
       | "65% of searches don't result in a click" is a feature. You asked
       | a question, you got the answer to that question. A search engine
       | isn't a tool to find sites, it's a tool to find information; once
       | upon a time that meant finding a site for that information, but
       | ideally, it means _finding the information_. Sometimes you might
       | be looking for  "a site that has X", but often you're just
       | looking for X. For that matter, 100% of searches via Google
       | Assistant don't result in a "click", because the information has
       | to be digested and presented via a voice interface.
       | 
       | It's _accurate_ to say that Google is in competition with every
       | site that provides information to users. Anyone in the business
       | of providing information to users needs to treat Google as their
       | competitor.
       | 
       | So, yes, a regulator or competitor who speaks in terms of how
       | Google isn't driving users to other sites or prioritizing its own
       | sites, and doesn't acknowledge that doing so is _answering the
       | user 's question_, is indeed speaking a foreign language.
       | 
       | If we were in some post-scarcity world, someone trying to help
       | user's find information should be taking a very similar approach
       | to Google (or finding something even better), and finding more
       | ways to make information more digestible and presentable this
       | way, and encouraging sites to provide information in a way that
       | can answer questions like this.
       | 
       | In today's non-post-scarcity world, there is _absolutely_ an
       | anti-competitive issue here. But the problem is that the most
       | efficient and often most useful way to answer a user 's question
       | may well be _incompatible_ with the  "just present links to sites
       | given search terms" model.
       | 
       | In seeking to solve that problem, we can't start out by
       | preventing people from presenting information in whatever way
       | users find most useful and efficient. We shouldn't seek to
       | shoehorn a search engine back into a simple "here are the results
       | for your search terms" model. Any approach that unthinkingly
       | tries to foster competition by _breaking_ the ability to present
       | information in the most useful way possible is rightfully treated
       | as some outside hostile force that 's destroying something
       | useful.
       | 
       | And _because_ so much of the effort to regulate this as an anti-
       | competitive issue has been unthinkingly treating a search engine
       | as nothing more than mapping search terms to outbound site links,
       | that has generated a backlash even _outside_ of Google (for
       | instance, here on HN), from people who see how much value would
       | be destroyed by such an approach.
       | 
       | Not all efforts to foster competition have been this unthinking.
       | I've seen proposals that try to introduce the use of APIs to
       | present such information from a variety of sources (e.g. "here's
       | the service I prefer to use for flights/hotels/etc"). I don't
       | know if that's the _right_ approach, or if it 's _fair_ , or if
       | it's _necessary_ , but it's at least closer to the right
       | direction, and it isn't _destroying_ useful things like
       | "answering user's questions" or "building a useful voice
       | assistant".
        
         | marcus_holmes wrote:
         | I read a certain amount of entitlement in TFA too. Like "I
         | deserve to have my site on the front page of Google, rather
         | than its paid advertisers or its own pages".
         | 
         | Why? This isn't a government-provided public service. It's a
         | commercial product. Why should they direct traffic to your site
         | for free? They, like everyone else, walk the line between
         | providing an excellent product for customers and creating
         | revenue for shareholders.
         | 
         | Don't get me wrong, I'm no fan of Google since they stopped not
         | being evil. But I'm not sure that having a competing set of
         | search engines would solve the author's problem - they would be
         | writing passionate blog posts about "why can't we have a single
         | set of SEO rules so I can get my site to the front page of all
         | of them with no hassle?"
        
           | shadowgovt wrote:
           | The entitlement may be sourced to the fact that the author is
           | an SEO company.
           | 
           | As a sidebar... SEO companies would love to see Google
           | knocked out of its current market position. Google has gotten
           | very good at relying on signal that SEO companies can't
           | control. They would much prefer a more gamable engine take
           | Google's position from it.
        
             | marcus_holmes wrote:
             | We've seen this play out with the browser wars, though -
             | different standards mean that each target needs a different
             | approach. You'd end up having to create a different site
             | with different content organisation for each search engine
             | and then serve the right site to the right crawler.
             | 
             | It might be more gamable, but the competition isn't the
             | search engine, or normal people posting normal non-gamed
             | content, but other SEO teams. If everyone can game it, then
             | it's a race to the bottom to see who can game it most/best
             | and that's not a good place for anyone else.
        
           | handoflixue wrote:
           | Worth noting that many times, the complaint is that the query
           | is answered by an infobox... and the info in that box is
           | provided by a website... and that website is the one
           | complaining about a lack of clicks, because now people just
           | use Google's scraped answers instead of actually visiting the
           | site.
           | 
           | It seems valid to complain that Google is profiting off of a
           | site while simultaneously harming that site's visibility.
        
             | marcus_holmes wrote:
             | > It seems valid to complain that Google is profiting off
             | of a site while simultaneously harming that site's
             | visibility.
             | 
             | I don't understand how Google is "harming the site's
             | visibility" - it still gets some traffic free of charge
             | from Google, right? If Google didn't list the site in the
             | first place, it would be less visible and get less traffic.
             | So I don't understand how Google is harming the site's
             | visibility? Why does Google have an implied responsibility
             | to send _all possible traffic_ to a site it lists?
        
         | terafo wrote:
         | _It 's accurate to say that Google is in competition with every
         | site that provides information to users. Anyone in the business
         | of providing information to users needs to treat Google as
         | their competitor._
         | 
         | I think the problem that author tries to address is that Google
         | uses their competitor's data in order to serve that
         | information, which isn't that great since IIRC they do no
         | profit sharing which undermines long term viability of
         | collecting, systemising and maintaining that data.
        
           | thegrimmest wrote:
           | > Google uses their competitor's data
           | 
           | Their competitor's _publicly available and explicitly
           | indexable_ data. Their competitors are free to ban Google
           | from crawling their site.
        
         | leepowers wrote:
         | I've always been fascinated by people who spend huge chunks of
         | time creating and maintaining Wikipedia articles. Are they
         | driven by a simple love research and curating information? Or
         | maybe knowing their articles could potentially inform and
         | educate millions of people.
         | 
         | I wonder how driven content creators would be if they believed
         | no one would read their articles; if the information they
         | carefully curated was mere bot food, digested and summarized on
         | a Google search results page. The summaries may have greater
         | utility for search engine users. Yet at the same time the
         | ecosystem as a whole would be degraded if the incentives for
         | creating rich detailed content are degraded.
         | 
         | Google relies on free and open access to a vast sea of
         | information. Most of this information exists due to the labor
         | of other people. If any company wants to use this information
         | to create a free and open source search engine, voice
         | assistant, etc., I say more power to that company. But when a
         | company uses free and open data to power proprietary walled
         | gardens, we should consider the regulatory implications and the
         | effect on the ecosystem as a whole. And Google is large enough
         | that when it creates a walled garden (keeping visitors tied
         | Google properties and products) that it could have a
         | significant negative impact.
        
       | creddit wrote:
       | It's hilarious to me that someone thinks this is about
       | controlling thought and not a defensive legal maneuver.
        
         | ehsankia wrote:
         | It's also absurd to me how the answer to "how can folks with
         | whom I generally respect have reached such a significant gap in
         | thinking?" is basically "they must be brainwashed by their
         | Communicating Safely training"... That's such terrible way of
         | dismissing someone who has a different opinion than you.
        
           | ggm wrote:
           | You just dismissed them yourself didn't you? "thats a
           | terrible way" is an emotional cast to disregard the logic in
           | the argument. Its lawyer speak. HOW DARE YOU style rebuttal.
           | 
           | Or.. maybe you're just using english with its rhetorical
           | richness? the quality of emphasis is not meant to imply
           | actual dislike or distain? In which case.. why can't you
           | ascribe the same motive of language style to the original
           | author?
        
           | creddit wrote:
           | Totally. This whole thing is just wild to me.
        
         | minism wrote:
         | Right. This seems to be needlessly overcomplicating/obfuscating
         | whats going on.
        
         | throwaway2048 wrote:
         | I mean it can easily be both at the same time.
        
       | skybrian wrote:
       | This is about being careful what you put in writing, because the
       | discovery process for lawsuits will find your carelessly written
       | email and opposing lawyers will take it out of context, and do
       | you want to end up in court years later explaining what you
       | meant?
       | 
       | Google has so many employees that they need training to limit the
       | damage from random chatter and speculation.
       | 
       | It's more cumbersome to have to talk about some things via video
       | chat, but it's not about limiting thought.
        
         | ohazi wrote:
         | No, that's just a convenient excuse.
         | 
         | The other side of "Be careful what you put in writing because
         | lawyers, lol" that is always ignored is:
         | 
         | "If you think we need to dress up the way we talk about this
         | one particular thing we're doing, then maybe we should
         | reevaluate whether we should be doing this thing. If you think
         | we need to dress up the way we talk about _literally everything
         | that this company does_ , then maybe it's time to step back and
         | reevaluate the ethics of what this company stands for."
         | 
         | A company is a machine that is going to do whatever it can to
         | print money, including brainwashing its employees. You and your
         | colleagues are the only entities capable of ethical reasoning.
         | The company and its executive functionaries are not going to do
         | this for you. In fact, they're more likely going to try and
         | stop you.
         | 
         | It's your responsibility to do it anyway.
        
           | shadowgovt wrote:
           | Who is "we" and "you" in this context?
           | 
           | At Google, the team responsible for deciding whether a given
           | project is legal is the legal team. Googlers are encouraged
           | to get a member of legal on board as soon as a project gels
           | far enough to have a concrete description that could have
           | legal consequences. At that point, a set of attorney client
           | privileged communications could begin where any of the words
           | listed here can be on the table (because that communication
           | is not in discoverable media).
           | 
           | But in general, Google doesn't encourage its software
           | engineers to think they're experts in law any more that it
           | encourages its lawyers to think their experts in BigTable
           | performance tuning.
        
             | ohazi wrote:
             | I'm not talking about what is legal, I'm talking about what
             | is ethical. They are not the same.
             | 
             | I'll grant you that not every corporate policy will agree
             | with me, but I would argue that every human with a brain
             | has a responsibility to think about whether what their boss
             | asks them to do is ethical, and a responsibility to raise
             | hell if they think it isn't.
             | 
             | I don't believe it's ethical to abdicate this _human_
             | responsibility to a corporate legal team.
             | 
             | Part of what these corporate policies are deliberately
             | designed to do is condition employees into believing that
             | "deferring to the legal team" is where their responsibility
             | ends. They want to convince you that this checks the box
             | for both "legal" and "ethical" so that you feel like you've
             | done your duty, and now you don't need to think about the
             | ethics of your work anymore. This is what I meant by
             | corporations "brainwashing" their employees. But you're
             | always on the hook for the ethics of your work.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | I agree with you. But one can raise hell by advocating to
               | get the legal team on board as quickly as possible and
               | making it clear that there's a significant issue that
               | needs to be considered without using the words that will
               | get the company half a million dollars of billed in-court
               | attorney time _whether or not there was actually any
               | ethical issue._
               | 
               | That's the key difference and the purpose for
               | constraining what ends up in discoverable media.
               | 
               | There is, perhaps, a meta-ethical question of whether
               | companies should, in general, be factoring into their
               | calculus ways to minimize the government's capacity to
               | hinder their activities. It's a good question. I don't
               | have an answer that's universally true. I suspect if we
               | sit down and consider it, we find lots of circumstances
               | where it's not in the best interests of anyone to just
               | hand the government a company's throat to be slashed.
               | After all, especially if we're talking about the United
               | States, it's not like the government itself has proven a
               | bastion of ethical reasoning either.
        
             | CPLX wrote:
             | > the team responsible for deciding whether a given project
             | is legal is the legal team
             | 
             | Since legality in a corporate context is not typically a
             | binary evaluation, it would be far more accurate to say
             | that their job is to ascertain the relative financial and
             | business costs of potentially illegal behavior so it can be
             | effectively compared to that behavior's potential profits
        
         | _nalply wrote:
         | A hard-of-hearing friend of mine got tired listening to videos.
         | He told me that he sneakily ran speech-to-text software and
         | read the text in a separate window.
         | 
         | In a different vein, when I was younger I didn't understand why
         | people preferred phoning.
         | 
         | I as a Deaf engineer rely on written communication. This
         | exposes myself and people communicating with me to <<showing
         | what has been said>>. I am sure that in my career I missed some
         | important information just because people weren't willing to
         | create a persistent record of communication.
         | 
         | My friend <<solved>> this problem, but I am sure his
         | interlocutors would be miffed if they knew that.
        
         | sa1 wrote:
         | It might not be intended to limit thought, just to avoid
         | liability, but does it limit thought anyway?
        
           | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
           | Well, I'd say it does. My understanding is that if you're not
           | limited in what you're thinking, but severely limited in
           | _how_ you are allowed to think about it, your freedom of
           | thought is limited nonetheless.
           | 
           | And it's limited, by necessity, even outside working hours,
           | lest your tongue/fingers slip and you utter a bad word in
           | your Googler capacity so that a liable deed gets a liable
           | name and there won't be any lawyering around this.
           | 
           | Heck, it's almost, though not entirely, like a brainwashing
           | cult!
           | 
           | I guess in China they also force their Uighur camp operators
           | to not even think about what they do as "torture", but
           | "reeducation". It makes them happier in their workplace.
        
             | shadowgovt wrote:
             | How people think about things and what people put in
             | legally discoverable media like email are worlds apart. As
             | a basic aspect of corporate survival, it's important to
             | keep that in mind.
             | 
             | The overarching concept is "don't make it hard for the
             | company to do business." The point of those trainings is
             | that the words to avoid have legally-defined meanings that
             | may or may not be what the Googler intended, but are likely
             | to be interpreted in an antitrust sense in a court of law.
             | The underlying concept is "don't talk like a lawyer if
             | you're not one of our lawyers."
             | 
             | Watching what you put in email (as described in this
             | article) is in the same training where Googlers are given
             | the overarching advice "always communicate via email as if
             | those emails are going to show up on the front page of the
             | New York Times tomorrow."
        
               | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
               | Doesn't negate my point in the least.
               | 
               | The fact alone that there exists such an extensive
               | training specifically about monopoly-related stuff hints
               | that there is extensive monopolistic behavior liability
               | for which only hinges on whether it's acknowledged as
               | such in the internal communication.
               | 
               | Also, it adds a whole new (new?) meaning to any press
               | release or a blog post from Google using any of the terms
               | from the right column if you substitute them with the
               | terms from the left column. They say "dedicated to
               | providing the best services to our users", you see
               | "dedicated to eliminating our competitors".
        
               | rossjudson wrote:
               | Someday you will participate in a legal proceeding, and
               | you will feel silly about writing this. I wish I could
               | have those days back, when I believed that lawyers
               | wouldn't twist words out of context, or construct entire
               | alternate realities from a few found seed words.
               | 
               | But they do, and the good ones are really good at it.
               | 
               | Any competent company is going to train its people with
               | some sort of variation on a course named "The Ten Dumbest
               | Things You Can Write In An Email So Don't".
        
               | oefrha wrote:
               | This is sound advice not only for corporate survival; you
               | should also keep this in mind in personal communications.
               | Even your private communications with your closest
               | friends could be leaked years later if you somehow manage
               | to cross the wrong people, and Internet mobs are every
               | bit as capable as the smartest lawyers at constructing
               | alternate realities from a few found seed words; or maybe
               | they're not as capable, but the bar of acceptance is also
               | far lower.
        
           | refenestrator wrote:
           | Working there in the first place limits thought. Nobody wants
           | to think of themselves as part of the problem.
           | 
           | The language, at best, just makes the cognitive dissonance a
           | little easier.
        
             | kyrra wrote:
             | Googler, opinion is my own.
             | 
             | When I started at Google in 2015, in my first week here
             | chatting with some peers, some of them were complaining
             | about some of our policies around Android and that they
             | much preferred Apple (the person didn't work anywhere near
             | Android, but was complaining about it more as a user).
             | 
             | There are many people at Google that have issues with
             | various parts of Google's businesses. Some are more vocal
             | about it than others. One great example was Brad
             | Fitzpatrick complaining about the first-gen Nest smoke
             | alarms (2015):
             | https://twitter.com/bradfitz/status/566072337020112896
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | refenestrator wrote:
               | Those are minor product quibbles.
               | 
               | I'm not saying Google is the great Satan or anything, I'm
               | just saying it's impossible for most people, especially
               | the typical Googler, to simultaneously work at a place
               | for a nice paycheck and think it's bad for society.
               | Everyone justifies, whether it's Phillip Morris or
               | Google.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | skybrian wrote:
           | It might have some effect, but Googlers can read all the same
           | stuff on the Internet as everyone else.
        
             | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
             | Have you ever been a devout practitioner of a religion
             | whose views on the world differ in key parts from the
             | established scientific consensus?
             | 
             | Have you ever been affiliated with a political party that
             | was highly popular (or a _monoparty_ even) in your country
             | but was held in contempt by the rest of the world because
             | of how totalitarian /inhumane it was?
             | 
             | In both cases, you could read whatever, even critical
             | information about your values. But you would have an
             | explanation ready -- enemies envy and slander us, they
             | either know they lie or they are repulsed by the God's
             | light because of how corrupted they are, they are not aware
             | of the _whole truth_... You would have a whole arsenal to
             | explain things away, because you are _committed,_ and your
             | commitment makes it hurt to realize that the purpose your
             | values serve is not very noble, or that you 're a part of
             | something atrocious. It's the human nature.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Google's internal memegen website does not confirm that.
               | I've never seen anything so critical of Google.
        
               | skybrian wrote:
               | I understand what you're getting at and there is
               | certainly a lot of closed-mindedness going around. I
               | don't think any organization is immune to this.
               | 
               | But there are also a lot of employees who have strongly
               | opposed various Google policies and engaged in various
               | political activity based on that, so the groupthink
               | doesn't seem to be working very well? Also, the company
               | leaks like a sieve these days.
               | 
               | Even before that, there were a lot of internal debates.
               | (They just didn't leak as much.) It's in part because of
               | these debates that you need policies; people sometimes
               | say careless things in heated discussions.
               | 
               | (Former Googler, but it's been a while.)
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | Isn't continuing to work for a company that has policies
               | you strongly oppose an example of successful groupthink?
               | 
               | I suppose you could make a case for continuing if the
               | policies are/have been/could realistically be changed.
               | 
               | But if that's unlikely?
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | When a company is large enough[0], it's probably not
               | unreasonable to start thinking of it as a municipality,
               | or even a small country. There are probably people who
               | live in my city who I wouldn't like, there are probably
               | policies of my city I don't like, but I still live where
               | I live.
               | 
               | Similarly, at a large enough company, if your work is
               | good, but some other division of the company is bad,
               | should you leave the company(city/country)? Or just avoid
               | the bad division?
               | 
               | [0] Leaving aside the question of whether it's a good
               | thing for companies to get that large.
        
               | aix1 wrote:
               | Thank you for this, the analogy really resonates.
        
         | Johnie wrote:
         | Many large companies have the same policies/training for this
         | very reason. You do not want to put something in writing that
         | could potentially appear on the front page of the Wall Street
         | Journal.
         | 
         | The training/policies just codify that.
        
         | CPLX wrote:
         | This is what's known as a Stringer Bell warning[0] and it
         | doesn't reflect well on the organization who has to make it
         | this aggressively.
         | 
         | Yes, it stands to reason that if you're engaged in a
         | potentially unlawful conspiracy you need to be careful what you
         | put in writing.
         | 
         | However if this is coming up constantly and prevents you from
         | using common sense words for your regular business operations
         | then it's a pretty clear red flag that your _actions_ may be
         | subjecting you to legal liability.
         | 
         | [0] https://youtu.be/pBdGOrcUEg8
        
         | eawoifjaiowepfj wrote:
         | > discovery process for lawsuits will find your carelessly
         | written email and opposing lawyers will take it out of context
         | 
         | I don't work for Google or have much of an opinion on
         | "Googlespeak".
         | 
         | However, that the practice of law is allowed to exist in its
         | current state is an indictment on our society. The legal
         | profession is one that polices itself, has no proper oversight
         | (judges are just lawyers with a more refined superiority
         | complex), raises barriers to entry with a level of zeal only
         | matched by medicine (to which it is not actually comparable),
         | and is also allowed to maliciously and limitlessly wield this
         | power over the people who do real work is a foundational
         | problem with governmental design.
        
         | pyrale wrote:
         | From don't be evil to don't leave a paper trail...
        
         | titzer wrote:
         | They also have a corporate email policy where mails get auto-
         | deleted after 18 months, unless you apply labels or are on a
         | litigation hold (which would make such policy completely
         | illegal). The email policy has _no other purpose_ than to limit
         | legal exposure. There is no legitimate business reason for that
         | policy. In fact, it actively harms institutional memory and is
         | frankly Orwellian, IMHO.
        
           | minsc__and__boo wrote:
           | That's not just Google though. Most companies have an email
           | deletion policy that auto-deletes emails after a certain
           | about of time, on the premise that they eventually lose all
           | value and only pose a potential liability and litigation
           | risk.
           | 
           | Even U.S. government officials have used private email
           | servers to avoid having to serve them up via requests.
        
             | vxNsr wrote:
             | > _Even U.S. government officials have used private email
             | servers to avoid having to serve them up via requests._
             | 
             | And when that failed they destroyed the hard drive that
             | contained the exchange server db. (See IRS scandal)
        
           | ChrisLomont wrote:
           | >There is no legitimate business reason for that policy.
           | 
           | You already completely answered the perfectly standard and
           | reasonable business reason: "to limit legal exposure. "
           | 
           | In fact, this legitimate business reason is 100% the reason
           | for the policy. Increasing legal exposure for no reason is a
           | bad idea, for companies and for individuals.
        
           | slownews45 wrote:
           | The analysis here is so absolutist and extremist it is
           | ridiculous.
           | 
           | Many business have auto-delete for the simple business
           | purpose - when someone hacks your email (which will happen
           | somewhere in a large business) - why do you need to keep all
           | that crap around forever? And yes, people email payroll
           | details, passwords, logins and the list goes on - stop with
           | the preaching about how to email securely.
           | 
           | So you auto-delete, which reduces the blast radius. In most
           | cases folks are not looking at emails past 3 years old.
        
           | daxelrod wrote:
           | This is a pretty standard policy at larger companies. Part of
           | the reason is that even if everything in the emails is 100%
           | legally fine, discovery is _expensive_ and gets more
           | expensive the more emails exist.
           | 
           | This explanation was given to me by a corporate lawyer who
           | was trying to figure out whether the same kind of expiration
           | could be put on tickets in bug and project trackers, which
           | would have been even more harmful to institutional memory
           | than an email expiration policy.
        
           | cornel_io wrote:
           | Almost every US corporation with a competent legal department
           | has such a policy, and at a lot of them the period is way
           | shorter than 18 months. I've suffered through 30 day policies
           | before, and it's dumb and not fun at all, but Google is
           | hardly being creative on this point.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | I disagree. If its part of the institutional memory it should
           | be documented on an internal site and kept. Not stuck in an
           | email format to disappear.
        
             | titzer wrote:
             | Personally, I often refer back to emails of what people
             | sent me in order to have proper context, both technical,
             | logistical, etc. Instructions on how to do things, how we
             | debugged something or other, etc. That makes _me_ more
             | productive and useful as well as other people. If we gotta
             | write every email over again and put it up on a wiki, that
             | just won 't happen.
        
               | owisd wrote:
               | Write it on the wiki first then just email the link to
               | the wiki. No additional effort and then the guy who joins
               | two years after everyone on the email chain has left and
               | now has to maintain it also has that info.
        
               | titzer wrote:
               | I meant specifically, things like "Wait, who is this
               | person? What did they want again? What did I tell them
               | last time?" That's not stuff you put on a wiki.
        
               | aix1 wrote:
               | This may or may not work for you, but I keep notes in a
               | collection of Google docs.
               | 
               | Depending on context, these are either shared with the
               | other person (and usually editable by them) or is
               | accessible only by me.
        
               | titzer wrote:
               | At the volume of mail I was receiving at Google
               | (100+/day), there's just no time to manually index things
               | like that. Why can't we let email archives just
               | _function_?
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | > They also have a corporate email policy where mails get
           | auto-deleted after 18 months
           | 
           | Eric Schmidt's retention policy was 72 _hours_.
        
             | alphabetting wrote:
             | Source? Curious what the reasoning would be there. Seems
             | insanely impractical
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | It's obviously false, there are a number of regulations
               | which would require G. to keep his communications on
               | record for years, which is really established and well
               | understood despite the commons here seeming to disagree
               | with me.
               | 
               | More than likely Schmidt may have said something along
               | the lines of deleting anything more than 3 days old
               | because at the pace of his business, it's 'time out' and
               | not relevant. But that's just a matter of his peculiar
               | communications style. That the label has changed to
               | 'archive' doesn't mean anything really from a corporate
               | perceptive.
               | 
               | So yes, illegal to actually delete, and seemingly
               | impractical to bump from one's inbox, but perhaps at
               | 'Google Speed' there's some reason for it (and maybe
               | there's a big caveat i.e. anything that's 'starred' or
               | whatever doesn't get deleted, or, maybe anything older
               | than 3 days that's opened or unopened gets deleted).
        
             | gowld wrote:
             | Before or after the High-Tech Employee Antitrust
             | Settlement?
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | I doubt that because it's probably illegal. Execs have to
             | keep copies of things they write around.
             | 
             | EDIT: For those who are wondering, here is a quick summary
             | [1].
             | 
             | Eric Schmidt's emails are definitely kept around a very
             | long time, for very legal reasons, and whatever he happens
             | to do with his own personal 'inbox' is not relevant to the
             | subject at hand, and amounts to a kind of personal
             | email/habit choice.
             | 
             | To suggest '72 hours' in response to a discussion about
             | legal discovery etc. is basically misleading in that
             | regard.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.spamtitan.com/web-filtering/email-
             | retention-laws...
        
               | easton wrote:
               | Execs themselves don't, they just have to be kept around.
               | The policies are most likely enforced through Gmail's
               | retention settings which are set by IT, who can view all
               | of the mail (regardless of whether it was deleted from
               | the user's mailbox) in Vault.
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | Yes, of course, 'execs' don't manage anything on their
               | own, but the OP is talking about 'email retention' in the
               | context of litigation and discovery i.e. 'a copy'
               | irrespective of label, which is a legal requirement.
               | 
               | Eric Schmidt is not deleting his emails after 72 hours
               | for the reason you mentioned and certainly the company is
               | not, which is the salient issue.
               | 
               | One could say 'oh that's just from his inbox' but that's
               | pointless in the context of this conversation because
               | we're talking about 'If the corporation has a copy or
               | not' i.e. 'IT' etc..
               | 
               | Scmidt deleting maybe a local copy after 72 hours doesn't
               | really have anything to do with anything other than his
               | personal email habits.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.spamtitan.com/web-filtering/email-
               | retention-laws...
        
             | laurent92 wrote:
             | How does he keep track of relationship history with
             | someone? Commitments? Goals?
        
               | dillondoyle wrote:
               | If true, my guess is that with such a huge power
               | imbalance Schmidt isn't often waiting 72 hours for
               | replies.
        
             | delaynomore wrote:
             | This policy makes very little sense. Does Google IT also
             | purge every message he responded to from all corporate
             | managed mailboxes?
        
               | rossjudson wrote:
               | I work at Google and my messages are purged before I even
               | send them. This avoids so many problems!
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | Truly Google lives in the future the rest of us will
               | catch up with.
        
           | yongjik wrote:
           | > The email policy has no other purpose than to limit legal
           | exposure.
           | 
           | > There is no legitimate business reason for that policy.
           | 
           | So the policy is about limiting the chance of potentially
           | _very expensive_ lawsuits, and has no legitimate business
           | reason? Choose one.
           | 
           | I wish people stopped overusing "Orwellian": the term is so
           | overused that you could use it next to "agile" and I wouldn't
           | notice.
        
             | AlexCoventry wrote:
             | "Orwellian" seems like a good fit for memory-holing
             | people's communications.
        
               | novaRom wrote:
               | At the same time the only apps I cannot select & copy any
               | text from are YouTube and GoogleMaps. The comments people
               | leave there are so valuable for Google?
        
               | ma2rten wrote:
               | I just tried it, I seem to be able to copy text just fine
               | from both apps.
        
               | novaRom wrote:
               | Maybe it's because you tried iOS apps? It doesn't work in
               | Android apps.
        
             | titzer wrote:
             | > I wish people stopped overusing "Orwellian"
             | 
             | "Orwellian" is an adjective describing a situation, idea,
             | or societal condition that George Orwell identified as
             | being destructive to the welfare of a free and open
             | society. It denotes an attitude and a brutal policy of
             | draconian control by propaganda, surveillance,
             | disinformation, denial of truth (doublethink), and
             | manipulation of the past, including the "unperson"--a
             | person whose past existence is expunged from the public
             | record and memory, practiced by modern repressive
             | governments. Often, this includes the circumstances
             | depicted in his novels, particularly Nineteen Eighty-
             | Four[2] but political doublespeak is criticized throughout
             | his work, such as in Politics and the English Language.
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orwellian
             | 
             | I defend my use of the term. Disappearing the past
             | absolutely is Orwellian. Down the memory hole!
        
           | draw_down wrote:
           | Sure, it has no other purpose, but I think that says more
           | about our legal system than anything. People operating
           | completely above board can be dragged through the mud. What's
           | that quote about, give me six words from an honest man and
           | I'll have him hanged?
        
           | laurent92 wrote:
           | > The email policy has _no other purpose_
           | 
           | Yes, it has: GDPR requires that you delete PII in reasonable
           | time. I have a lot of customers contacting me by email for
           | example, but also the JIRA notifications which all end up in
           | emails with extensive PII. It must be deleted in a controlled
           | way according to GDPR.
           | 
           | But you are correct that this excuse goes away with Google,
           | since they don't do support ;)
        
           | asdfasgasdgasdg wrote:
           | You get more of the behaviors you encourage and less of the
           | ones you discourage. The US legal system strongly discourages
           | retaining email, since it rarely works in favor of the entity
           | making the retention decision. And there is no particular
           | reason to keep emails that old, so naturally companies want
           | to get rid of them.
        
           | _Algernon_ wrote:
           | How is it Orwellian?
           | 
           | >"Orwellian" is an adjective describing a situation, idea, or
           | societal condition that George Orwell identified as being
           | destructive to the welfare of a free and open society. It
           | denotes an attitude and a brutal policy of draconian control
           | by propaganda, surveillance, disinformation, denial of truth
           | (doublethink), and manipulation of the past, including the
           | "unperson"--a person whose past existence is expunged from
           | the public record and memory, practiced by modern repressive
           | governments.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orwellian
           | 
           | Stop overusing terms you don't understand
        
           | m0zg wrote:
           | So that's what they settled on? Kent tried to introduce it
           | while I was still there and the pushback was so severe they
           | decided not to do it at the time. I think the initially
           | proposed retention period was shorter than that though. I
           | could live with 18 months, but shorter than that cuts into
           | all sorts of business processes including the all-important
           | performance review cycle (AKA "perf"). I do think it's
           | detrimental to the business of writing software though. I
           | quite often search for emails from years and years ago, as
           | well as mail "notes to self" to be able to find them later.
        
         | zepto wrote:
         | Why not both?
        
       | AlbertCory wrote:
       | I was in Google Ads from 2008-2010. At that time, there was a
       | limit of 3 top ads and 8 right-hand-side ads. The top ads
       | generated the vast bulk of the revenue.
       | 
       | They were also in blue or yellow (I forget which, but one was WAY
       | more lucrative than the other!) so it was very easy for the user
       | to distinguish an ad from a search result.
       | 
       | I just did the canonical $$$ search "flowers" on my Macbook. The
       | entire first page was ads and they are not colored anymore
       | (although they do say "Ad"). There is also a Maps snippet which
       | shows where I can buy flowers.
       | 
       | What happened? Well, I can guess: they did experiments, and not
       | coloring the ads produced more revenue. I know from talking to
       | ordinary users that they often say proudly "I never click on
       | ads!" Now they do.
        
         | azalemeth wrote:
         | And, simultaneously, I've switched search engines to DDG
         | (something I last did in the mid 1990s -- to Google!), and have
         | multilayered network, browser, and hosts-file level adblocking.
         | Such is the price of progress...
        
           | AlbertCory wrote:
           | DDG is _pretty_ good and it 's my first try for searching.
           | 
           | Occasionally Google is still better. Just today, I was
           | looking for old financial data on Synoptics (late 80s).
           | Google has books & journals from back then; DDG does not.
        
         | AlbertCory wrote:
         | For the other canonical query, try "mesothelioma." An info box
         | on the right, and four ads on the left.
         | 
         | At one time, this was the highest-priced ad in Google (idk if
         | it still is), because personal injury lawyers were desperate to
         | get clients.
        
         | caust1c wrote:
         | Holy shit. No wonder google doesn't give a shit about
         | adblockers. Those people would be the ones who care about
         | litigation and stopping this shit. Easy to let such a small %
         | of users slide when the other 99% will willingly fall into the
         | ad trap.
         | 
         | This is insane:
         | 
         | https://i.imgur.com/bdtvyXF.png
        
           | helen___keller wrote:
           | Wow, I had no idea because it's been so long since I've been
           | without ad blockers.
           | 
           | Interestingly, I tried the same on DuckDuckGo and it seemed
           | almost identical: some inlined ads, shopping results, have to
           | scroll down to find actual search results. (main difference:
           | embedded non-ad results like wikipedia and news).
        
         | ExtraE wrote:
         | I just tried this (firefox on iOS, new england). Google asked
         | for my location and I said "no".
         | 
         | TLDR: 2 ads, the rest organic.
         | 
         | Top-2 were ads, a maps widget, organic result, people also ask,
         | 4 organic results, people also search for, images, 4 organic, 1
         | ad.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | Really? I just did this on desktop and the first two pages
           | were all advertisements for florists. These sorts of links
           | used to be demarked as ads on google search in the before
           | times. Wikipedia didn't even appear until page three. That
           | used to be the first result for a typical noun search.
        
         | dredmorbius wrote:
         | I very rarely click on Google Web Search ads.
         | 
         | I very rarely use Google Web Search.
         | 
         | Poor relevance and ubiquitous tracking is a key condern. But
         | the ad-spamming is also tremendously out of hand.
         | 
         | I'd switched to Google from AltaVista in 1999. I ditched GWS
         | effectively by 2013.
         | 
         | Yes, I'll still occasionally run a "!g" bang search. And there
         | are Google services I find genuinely useful --- Google Books
         | and Ngram Viewer most especially.
         | 
         | But the bloom hasn't been anywhere near that rose for a long,
         | long, long, long time.
        
           | hlau wrote:
           | Really surprised to hear that you're not getting the
           | relevance out of Google. Are most of your searches in a
           | specific domain that's somehow not covered properly by
           | Google? And is there a search engine that does a better job
           | for you? I've tried using services like DDG and find myself
           | falling back to Google more often than not.
        
             | rnhmjoj wrote:
             | I almost never get useful results out of a web search,
             | nowadays, unless the query is very specific (like looking
             | up a website I forgot the domain of). This is not
             | particular to google search, which in fact I don't use
             | anymore.
             | 
             | Trying to find information given only fuzzy details almost
             | never produce relevant links; anything remotely commercial,
             | like trying to find a product reviews, film to watch, a
             | store nearby, etc. produces tons of synthetic websites full
             | of ads that magically match my query; specific technical
             | information can result in low-effort blogspam or total rip-
             | offs from other websites (stackexchange answers, other
             | blogs, etc.); and the list goes on.
             | 
             | It seems to me the only actually interesting material is
             | now found in forums, message boards, wikis and other kind
             | of websites where users generate the content. Unfortunately
             | searching these is far from handy because they aren't
             | always indexed or have archaic interfaces or require a
             | login. I think search engines in general, either by
             | prioritising revenue or being tricked by spammers and CEO,
             | are now blind to the real information contained in the web.
             | I wish for a search engine that would only index a curated
             | list of genuine websites based on a topic, but I don't
             | think we'll ever have one because it's not profitable.
        
               | mda wrote:
               | "I almost never get useful results out of a web search"
               | 
               | This I find impossible to believe. So you basically don't
               | get any useful results for 80-90% of your searches? I
               | wish you could give some examples.
        
               | rnhmjoj wrote:
               | Ok, here's a few real example where I had only partial
               | (but 100% correct) information had a hard time finding
               | the right answer:
               | 
               | 1. There's a shell (program) which feature a built-in
               | file manager inspider by ranger, I forgot its name: try
               | to find it. Answer: [1]
               | 
               | 2. There's a particular gas that can (temporarily) kill a
               | smartphone, but you forgot which. Find the article about
               | this. Answer: [2]
               | 
               | 3. There's a blog post (well-known if you're into
               | networking) that argues IPv6 was meant to replace MAC
               | addresses. Answer: [3]
               | 
               | [1]: https://elv.sh/
               | 
               | [2]: https://www.ifixit.com/News/11986/iphones-are-
               | allergic-to-he...
               | 
               | [3]: https://apenwarr.ca/log/?m=201708#10
        
               | mda wrote:
               | 1. Only finds it if something in the line of "programming
               | language and interactive shell with built-in file
               | manager" for less, it indeed misses.
               | 
               | 2. "(this) gas causes smartphones to temporarily
               | deactivate" second result
               | 
               | 3 "blog post ipv6 was supposed to replace MAC adresses"
               | 3rd result
               | 
               | In some cases some slight change in the wording changes
               | the ranking drastically. However, I am not sure "The old
               | good google" would find these at all honestly.
        
               | alliao wrote:
               | YES! I still remember the earlier days of Google, when it
               | was not only returning results, the results were a
               | delight to click through. I genuinely felt happy using
               | it. Infoseek was good in a way that it let you search
               | within searched results, so you could filter down. Alta
               | Vista was definitely larger, but Google was pure magic.
               | Not only relevant but digs up interesting and rewarding
               | well researched information sitting around in a little
               | corner of a web.
        
             | dredmorbius wrote:
             | The problem is generally typical of online content as a
             | whole given SEO gaming and commercialisation. DDG's bang
             | searches and the ability to fluidly target searches to
             | specific sites with less typing and fewer hops is a key
             | differentiator.
             | 
             | The most relevant quality content tends to come from
             | published rather than online sources, or by going direct to
             | source.
             | 
             | The Web has been a mistake.
             | 
             | That said, Google's SERP page content, layout, tracking,
             | and advertising all effectively drop relevance by a
             | tremendous amount --- I've got to consciously filter out
             | Google's own crap on top of the irrelevant web results
             | returned.
             | 
             | DDG's cleaner presentation increases effective quality by a
             | subjectively-assessed factor of 2--10.
             | 
             | Date-bounded search remains one of the very few reasons to
             | favour GWS for a specific search, though even that is
             | highly unreliable. Often what I want is a searchable
             | archive from a given period, not a guestimate of a date-
             | ranged search over the live Web.
             | 
             | Even in Google Books, date-ranged search results very often
             | fail to return content from the requested period.
        
               | _nalply wrote:
               | > The Web has been a mistake.
               | 
               | In hindsight, what would have been better?
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | That's a good question. I'm not sure I have a good
               | answer.
               | 
               | I'm also not sure that djin can be rebottled. The history
               | of media advances has been that they tend to progress and
               | proceed, and human culture changes around them, they do
               | rather less adapting to human culture.
               | 
               | (I've become aware in the past five years or so of the
               | study of media and its impacts on society as a whole.
               | Elizabeth Eisenstein's _The Printing Press as an Agent of
               | Change_ only hints at the full breadth, but is one of the
               | major works on the topic. She draws heavily on Marshall
               | McLuhan 's _The Gutenberg Galaxy_ (literally: we live in
               | the universe Johannes Gutenberg created), and there are
               | numerous others who explore this, notably Adam Curtis and
               | Neil Postman. Again, the Web, algorithmic social media,
               | and mobile computing each bring their own twist. Again,
               | this isn 't the first time media's transformed society.
               | I'd argue that _every_ advance, from speech on up, has.
               | The changes can be tremendous and catastrophic --- to the
               | previously existing order --- as with the printing press
               | and the Reformation and Hundred Years War.)
               | 
               | One useful approach is to look at each of what were
               | touted as the Web's strengths, and consider them from the
               | perspective of "what could possibly go wrong". Several
               | principles of the sociologist Robert K. Merton are
               | helpful here: overt vs. covert functions and phenomena,
               | unintended consequences, and possibly self-fullfilling
               | prophecies.
               | 
               | It's not clear to me what boundaries can be established
               | for the Web, or what the consequences of a failure to
               | establish those might be. Either case the future appears
               | bleak.
        
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