[HN Gopher] Apple's crackdown on multicast
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Apple's crackdown on multicast
        
       Author : todsacerdoti
       Score  : 553 points
       Date   : 2021-08-24 09:52 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (thomask.sdf.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (thomask.sdf.org)
        
       | HWR_14 wrote:
       | I'm confused. Does he need this form's approval to compile on
       | XCode and push over USB to his device, or does he only need it to
       | submit to the app store?
       | 
       | Handling specialized permissions one at a time through
       | specialized teams could make sense for distribution. allows the
       | whole-app reviewers to not have to also become experts on
       | multicast best practices/security and having a second reviewer
       | handle that.
        
         | chedabob wrote:
         | You need the permission granting before you can run it locally.
         | It gets added to the provisioning profile that is used as part
         | of the signing process, even when run through Xcode.
         | 
         | It's to prevent people bypassing this approval and distributing
         | their app through other methods.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | Do you even need to sign it to run it locally? I thought that
           | was only if you wanted to use the App Store.
        
             | 1f60c wrote:
             | Yes. IIRC, you get a short-lived certificate tied to your
             | Apple ID.
        
             | chedabob wrote:
             | Yep, you have a Developer certificate that signs the binary
             | before it gets sent to the device.
             | 
             | If you're just using the free developer program (by signing
             | into Xcode with your Apple ID), this is all automated and
             | you don't have to get into the nitty-gritty of certificate
             | and profile management (but it's all still accessible if
             | you want to).
             | 
             | There's some big restrictions on the free program though,
             | not least being unable to use certain capabilities in your
             | apps (e.g. multicast mentioned in the OP, but also
             | background modes, push notifications, etc.) Most of these
             | are self-service and don't require asking Apple nicely, but
             | you don't have access to the developer portal so cannot add
             | them to your app.
        
       | Jyaif wrote:
       | In my case, filing the form was not enough: they then asked me by
       | email for more info (IP addresses and ports used, a description
       | of the protocol, etc...). If you want to save a week of waiting,
       | I suggest including all that info upfront in the form.
        
         | withinboredom wrote:
         | What on earth do they need that for?
        
           | Jyaif wrote:
           | In the entitlement they could whitelist the ports I'm allowed
           | to use. Regarding the rest of the information, I'm not sure.
           | 
           | Maybe they use it to judge whether it's OK to allow me to
           | broadcast stuff.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | I think this might be to have some leverage against Google with
       | Chromecast, Amazon with Fire stick, etc.
       | 
       | If they can make connecting to those devices a pain for
       | developers, it will tip the balance in favour of apple TV and
       | devices apple chooses to whitelist.
        
       | bfrog wrote:
       | If you consider multicast/broadcast as a way to possibly
       | fingerprint a users home network and identify them then this
       | makes some good sense.
        
       | intricatedetail wrote:
       | Could brainy lawyers turn this restrictions on use of private
       | property as theft by stealth? I mean you buy a device and then
       | Apple successively prevent you from using it as you see fit.
        
       | 57844743385 wrote:
       | Really sad that apples walled garden crushes innovation.
        
       | rock_artist wrote:
       | I've actually stumbled this during intention to add a musical
       | feature to an iOS app metronome I have.
       | 
       | They actually have big troubleshooting section for this
       | cumbersome entitlement:
       | 
       | https://ableton.github.io/linkkit/
        
       | punnerud wrote:
       | Another strange Apple broadcast "feature": If you try to block
       | ARP MAC address broadcast (not IPv4 .255 type) on the router,
       | your iPhone and MacBook will not connect to the WiFi.
       | 
       | Try yourself:
       | 
       | ebtables -A INPUT -d ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff -j DROP
       | 
       | ebtables -A FORWARD -d ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff -j DROP
       | 
       | (Tried on standard ASUS router by adding ebtables rules using
       | SSH)
       | 
       | To clean: ebtables ---flush Or restart the router, because this
       | also flush ebtables
       | 
       | (Edit: Corrected multicast to broadcast)
        
         | neilalexander wrote:
         | That's the ethernet broadcast address, not multicast. In
         | addition, if you block ARP, you will probably find that not
         | very much of IPv4 anything will work on any platform.
        
           | contingencies wrote:
           | ARP is specific to ethernet. You can still have a lot of
           | functional point to point or other ARP-agnostic IPv4 links.
        
             | neilalexander wrote:
             | Indeed, but Wi-Fi is not one of those (as I was responding
             | to).
        
         | icehawk wrote:
         | They're not connecting to the WiFi because that implicitly
         | blocks DHCPDISCOVER.
        
           | punnerud wrote:
           | Thank you, learned something new. Can't change the original
           | comment now
        
         | iso1210 wrote:
         | I think macs can add static arp entries if you did want to
         | disable arp for some reason.
         | 
         | If I remember rightly, apple devices when connecting to wifi
         | 
         | 1) Get IP, router, DNS details (either static or via dhcp)
         | 
         | 2) Attempt to load a http page to detect any portals
         | 
         | 3a) If page loads, is connected.
         | 
         | 3b) If page doesn't load but redirects, pops up the portal page
         | (in a cut down browser), then eventually connects
         | 
         | 3c) If it doesn't load at all it asks if you want to use the
         | wifi even with no internet access
         | 
         | I suspect if it cant configure an IP at all (because you're
         | blocking arp and dhcp), it doesn't fully bring the interface
         | up. Are you saying that with a static IP entered in wifi you
         | can't connect to a wireless network?
        
       | lmilcin wrote:
       | People fear what they do not understand.
       | 
       | I know this is pure conjecture with regards to this particular
       | situation, but I already had couple of clashes with operations
       | people over use of multicast in my applications. They basically
       | trying to tell me there is never valid case for multicast so they
       | just outright filter it out everywhere with no possibility of
       | enabling it.
        
         | tatersolid wrote:
         | Multicast is semi-broken on most networks, and devolves into
         | pure broadcast on the current LAN or VLAN in most cases. This
         | in turn causes chatter havoc on LANs with many devices, such as
         | corporate WiFi. Oh, and multicast is totally insecure unless
         | you layer your own authentication and encryption on top.
         | 
         | Multicast has been a dream since the 1990s but has been a
         | nightmare in practice.
        
           | lmilcin wrote:
           | I am talking about multicast for having applications talk to
           | each other in a datacenter, not to have that traffic exposed
           | to office clients.
           | 
           | I understand most office networks are broken and if I send
           | multicast I would just be causing untold mayhem.
           | 
           | I have already resigned myself to the fact that the only way
           | to have reliable communication with a client is to use HTTP.
           | 
           | But in a DC where you control all your networking devices,
           | configuration and people who maintain it, it should be
           | possible to find a configuration that works reliably and
           | allows devices to talk to each other without too much hassle.
        
           | iso1210 wrote:
           | Every network I have uses multicast just fine. And saying
           | "multicast is totally insecure" is like saying "IP is totally
           | insecure", it's just nonsense.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | l30n4da5 wrote:
       | I remember developing an MDNS app that ran on android a few years
       | ago. Worked great.
       | 
       | This just seems like Apple shooting themselves in the foot, imo.
        
       | slac wrote:
       | When using a iOS hosted hotspot, P2P traffic between the devices
       | is also blocked. Same setup works fine on Android. Very bizarre.
        
         | Toutouxc wrote:
         | Not that bizarre, some consumer "routers" (router+switch+AP
         | devices) do that by default.
        
           | slac wrote:
           | Would you know why? And on switches and routers you can
           | surely turn this off... Not so on iOS.
        
       | iso1210 wrote:
       | > No doubt a couple of readers will be thinking "well this is
       | what Apple/proprietary software is like, what did you expect?"
       | I'm extremely familiar with that argument and I don't like it
       | very much
       | 
       | Your dislike for a fact doesn't negate it
        
       | 0x0 wrote:
       | Actually this makes sense. Already since recent iOS versions have
       | started popping up an alert to grant access to local network
       | resources per app, I've noticed this popping up on several apps
       | that have no business mapping and fingerprinting my LAN.
       | Including the Facebook app.
       | 
       | It's weird how a company can be so internally disconnected. This
       | entitlement is a good privacy-preserving hurdle to prevent scummy
       | apps from interfering with your local network and fingerprinting
       | you. On the other hand, the on-device scanning of nudes in
       | imessage and csam in iphoto is a total snitchware swatting-as-a-
       | service piece of software which only serves to incriminate and
       | harass the owner of the device. Such a shame.
        
         | bjackman wrote:
         | Your comment nicely addresses the local network restriction,
         | but the article already expresses understanding of this. Why
         | the extra-stringent multicast thing?
        
           | floatingatoll wrote:
           | Instead of trying to define a guideline that says "may not
           | use multicast for this, that, blah", apps instead just have
           | to request it and explain why. It's probably not a topic that
           | the usual review team can consider without extreme levels of
           | training beyond what's necessary, and it's a specialty
           | network skill with lots of privacy traps. It also allows
           | Apple to see who doesn't request the permission but uses
           | multicast anyways, because they might be using some sort of
           | framework that is unknowingly tracking people, and then they
           | can identify and start rejecting that framework storewide.
           | 
           | "How can we ensure every request for multicast escalates to
           | someone qualified to make a decision that we can stand
           | behind?" An essay question is a great answer, even if people
           | hate the uncertainty. Better that than a new guideline!
        
           | neilalexander wrote:
           | They're trying to stop people from listening for all
           | multicast traffic, presumably because it stops someone from
           | fingerprinting based on the things on your network.
           | 
           | The restriction doesn't stop you from using the NetService
           | API (or friends) from listening for or advertising specific
           | named mDNS services. You can continue to do that today
           | without any extra entitlements. What it stops you from doing
           | is listening for wildcards and sucking up everything --
           | sadly, restricting multicast traffic on regular IP sockets is
           | basically an extension of that.
        
           | yaur wrote:
           | Multicast can wreak havoc on a WiFi network. Clients that are
           | further away from your AP require sending data at a slower
           | rate and APs will try to send the data slow enough so that
           | all clients can receive the traffic. In practice this means a
           | 1mbps multicast stream will take far more than 1% of a
           | 100mbps network and in some cases I have seen it shut down a
           | network entirely. At my day job we disabled receiving
           | multicast (IPTV) feeds over WiFi years ago because we have
           | never seen it work well enough to be worth it.
        
         | kmeisthax wrote:
         | The only problem I have with it is that the entitlement system
         | controls both what you can submit to the App Store as well as
         | what you can locally compile and install.
         | 
         | For example, you can't locally develop a VPN app until you ask
         | Apple permission to develop a VPN app. Almost certainly this is
         | to appease China, which I find particularly egregious.
         | 
         | Fonts also require an entitlement, but I'm not sure if it's
         | just something you need a paid dev account for or if you need
         | to specifically grovel to Apple as to why you need it. I doubt
         | "I want to submit a pull request to iSH" would be considered a
         | valid reason (but correct me if I'm wrong).
         | 
         | Even things like camera access in multitasking views are
         | entitlements that your dev account needs to be preapproved for.
         | In fact, it wasn't even something that Apple even publicly
         | mentioned for a while - only Zoom had it until someone reverse-
         | engineered their app bundle and found out about it.
        
           | jackson1442 wrote:
           | > For example, you can't locally develop a VPN app until you
           | ask Apple permission to develop a VPN app. Almost certainly
           | this is to appease China, which I find particularly
           | egregious.
           | 
           | Can't you manually add a vpn without an app? I haven't needed
           | to configure this myself but presumably if you're bundling
           | your own vpn app you can do the manual configuration in
           | settings which is significantly easier.
        
             | 0x0 wrote:
             | That only works if your VPN uses one of the 2-3 standard
             | protocols supported by iOS itself.
             | 
             | If your VPN uses a different protocol, you must (with an
             | entitlement) develop an app that gets to execute its code
             | for every packet sent and received. For example, if you
             | want to create a "VPN" that sends and receives packages by
             | audio like an oldschool modem, or if you want to implement
             | the WireGuard protocol, or if you want to implement a dns
             | tunnel, etc.
             | 
             | The good thing is that any random shady app can't just
             | start hijacking and intercepting every network packet for
             | the entire device. The bad thing is that it makes difficult
             | as an outsider to contribute to open-source VPN apps, since
             | you don't have access to the entitlement (which ultimately
             | requires access the the private code signing keys and
             | provisioning profiles for the developer that DID receive
             | the grant (and the debug device must also be registered
             | there)).
        
           | shuckles wrote:
           | Didn't that get hardened in response to the Onavo
           | revelations? In particular, Facebook was using their
           | developer certificate to sign spyware installed via MDM. I
           | don't remember it being a requirement from the beginning,
           | even though China has tightly regulated VPNs for a long time.
        
         | veeti wrote:
         | If Facebook has no business using this permission why did App
         | Store review approve it? Surely they must know what is going on
         | in every app, that's why the App Store is so safe.
        
           | davewritescode wrote:
           | Because there are legitimate reasons why Facebook might need
           | access to your network for streaming videos to a TV or
           | similar uses cases.
           | 
           | Apple doesn't know what every app does, they basically know
           | what frameworks/syscalls get made. You can wrap entitlements
           | around those things without explicitly knowing exactly what
           | an application is actually up to.
        
             | inetknght wrote:
             | > _Because there are legitimate reasons why Facebook might
             | need access to your network for streaming videos to a TV or
             | similar uses cases._
             | 
             | If you want Facebook on your iPhone to call someone then
             | Apple provides a Phone API.
             | 
             | If you want Facebook on your iPhone to stream to your TV
             | then Apple should provide an Apple TV API for Facebook to
             | use.
             | 
             | There is no reason whatsoever for Facebook to have any
             | direct access to anything on your phone whether its your
             | sensors, your microphone, your video, your network.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | > If you want Facebook on your iPhone to stream to your
               | TV then Apple should provide an Apple TV API for Facebook
               | to use.
               | 
               | There is - AirPlay doesn't require local network access
               | since it's an API apps can use. Un/fortunately, there are
               | multiple competing standards like Chromecast (and other,
               | manufacturer-specific casting standards) which require
               | the app to do its own local network discovery to find
               | available devices.
        
               | smoldesu wrote:
               | Try telling that to Uber or Waze. Both of those apps need
               | special permissions from Apple _just to keep operating_.
        
             | 0x0 wrote:
             | Streaming videos to a TV with airplay can and does happen
             | without the app itself needing multicast/broadcast
             | permissions, as long as you use the provided frameworks and
             | APIs.
        
               | pW9GLKxm9taFEhz wrote:
               | And what if an app wants to support Cast in addition to
               | or in-place of AirPlay?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | spoonjim wrote:
               | It's not for AirPlay it's to control Facebook
               | applications running on other devices like the Facebook
               | Portal. I control our Portal with my phone regularly.
        
               | jackson1442 wrote:
               | I'm curious, what led you to decide to buy a portal? I
               | haven't seen much of it, but it just doesn't have an
               | appeal to me.
        
               | spoonjim wrote:
               | It is an OUTSTANDING product. We have several elderly
               | grandparents who loved visiting their grandkids and
               | during the pandemic were cut off. The portal brought them
               | back into the feeling of being part of the action and
               | getting to see what their grandkids were doing. They were
               | all able to set up the Portal without any assistance,
               | which was very surprising. Also, it's a fantastic
               | Bluetooth speaker when we're not using it for calls.
               | 
               | Did I feel good about inviting Facebook into my living
               | room? No. I don't trust that company. But the tradeoff
               | was worth it for me.
               | 
               | Edit: I didn't just buy one Portal, I bought 4. One would
               | be kind of pointless.
        
               | howinteresting wrote:
               | It's for Chromecast, not Airplay.
        
           | SalimoS wrote:
           | there is the facebook watch application on smart tv
        
         | l-albertovich wrote:
         | Could you explain your posture in the CSAM scanning thing? I'm
         | not an apple user but the way I see it, it's not some sort of
         | nudism / age detection mechanism where a very incopetent system
         | could land you in jail for an old digitalized photo of yourself
         | after a shower from 30 years ago when parents actually took
         | those kinds of pics.
         | 
         | The way I see it, it just hashes them with whatever mechanism
         | they came up with and there are additional mechanisms to verify
         | it if for some fringe conincidence your cat pictures hash
         | matches some CSAM hash which would be annoying but not the end
         | of the world.
         | 
         | Now, in the other hand, let's say the snitch detects actual
         | CSAM in someones phone, what's the problem? if it was sent
         | without their consent an investigation can lead to who sent it,
         | and if it was well, tough shit...
         | 
         | I know it sounds very 1984ish but honestly I don't think it's
         | any worst than the kind of surveillance power google has with
         | all their platforms combined (chrome, android, google, any web
         | thing they didn't kill already).
         | 
         | I guess, what I'm asking for is for real arguments on why and
         | how this truly violates privacy and to what extent it is
         | problematic for a legit non CSAM consuming person.
         | 
         | I'm not trying to argue with you but to understand this point
         | of view since I read so many comments against it but nothing
         | that seriously made sense to me.
        
           | feanaro wrote:
           | > I know it sounds very 1984ish but honestly I don't think
           | it's any worst than the kind of surveillance power google has
           | with all their platforms combined (chrome, android, google,
           | any web thing they didn't kill already).
           | 
           | This should give you pause.
           | 
           | Why do you think something that sounds 1984ish should be
           | acceptable to anyone? Why is it acceptable to you?
           | 
           | The fact that other companies also have advanced surveillance
           | power should be reason to push back on that as well, not to
           | cede more ground to surveillance.
           | 
           | I guess _your_ logic doesn 't make any kind of sense to _me_.
        
             | l-albertovich wrote:
             | Well, I don't use any of that or social media so it's not
             | that I embrace it but I don't find it particularly
             | offensive compared to the alternatives.
        
           | 0x0 wrote:
           | I am not fond of my device burning battery for, and being one
           | bitflip away at a jmp-if-zero/jmp-if-not-zero, to calling an
           | API whose only purpose is to inform the authorities that I am
           | a suspect. If it happened server-side I would have no problem
           | with it.
        
             | azinman2 wrote:
             | But it ultimately does happen server side. The client is is
             | hash creation, but the server runs it thru an elliptical
             | curve to see if there's a real match. And if so, it
             | performs an additional hash on the server side.
        
             | l-albertovich wrote:
             | Thanks for your response, I'll answer just to continue the
             | conversation, not to try to invalidate your points or
             | anything like that.
             | 
             | I read in other posts there's some sort of review process
             | and a way to verify if the image is a match or a collision
             | (I don't know much about he details) but I read the latest
             | posts about the attacks that were being worked on.
             | 
             | I mean, with the complexity these attacks have I think it'd
             | be easier for a ransomware gang to just infect you, plant
             | the CSAM, find reliable contact info, verify it, lock your
             | phone and extort your through an untrackable side channel
             | (if this system didn't exist) or something a bit more
             | elaborate / targeted (not even at NSO level).
             | 
             | IDK, I think the phone burns battery for dumber reasons at
             | a higher rate, this should only be activated when there's a
             | new picture written to disk and it's probably less
             | expensive resource wise than whatsapp / telegram / imessage
             | checking for new messages periodically don't you think?
             | 
             | I think if they don't royally fuck the process up or turn
             | it into some idiotic fake way of getting the cops whatever
             | paperwork they need to force you to give them access to
             | your files it's a good thing.
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | You really should go read Apple's papers, FAQ, etc... on
               | the feature. Not saying that has happened here, but there
               | are a lot of knee jerk, uninformed opinions and
               | information floating around. Also take a look at
               | PhotoDNA, which is an older version of a hash system
               | already in use by other providers.
               | 
               | In your example about planting CSAM, why would on/off
               | device matter since the new feature only checks for items
               | going to iCloud anyway? The planting CSAM attack vector
               | is available right now for any device connected to FB,
               | OneDrive, or Gmail, and I don't think planting material
               | has been an issue.
        
               | l-albertovich wrote:
               | Well, in the planting scenario I didn't mention the
               | attacker uploading it to iCloud directly because that's
               | exponentially harder nowadays.
               | 
               | If you're hit by an NSO client and they have an agent
               | running in your phone checking in with their C2, what do
               | you think would be easier :
               | 
               | 1 - Run a reverse proxy in your phone, steal your
               | credentials (or session data) and use that connection to
               | upload the material 2 - Write it to disk and wait for the
               | media scanner service to pick it up and act on it?
               | 
               | I mean, in the end it's not about the technology but the
               | people operating it, if apple is really incompetent and
               | law enforcement is shitty as usual then yeah, people
               | might end up behind bars for no reason, which sucks but
               | in that case I think the focus shouldn't be the
               | technology itself but how shitty and unfair the system
               | is.
        
               | eightysixfour wrote:
               | The answer to why people don't like this is simple, if a
               | government like China says "Apple, you're going to add
               | these image hashes to the database and report any device
               | that has them in the next update or you're going to leave
               | China," what do you think Apple is going to do?
               | 
               | I have read their papers, I understand the system and the
               | safeguards they put in place, but none of them are good
               | enough to have scanning on my device. There is nothing
               | that is good enough. On device scanning for "illicit"
               | content is a box that cannot be closed.
        
               | l-albertovich wrote:
               | They have the whole system at their disposal for that,
               | they don't have to do this. As an example (I know I could
               | be out of date with this one), do you know why aren't
               | there any iMessage bridges that don't require a mac?
               | 
               | IIRC it's deeply entrenched in the system and no one
               | reversed their way deep enough to be able to replicate
               | it. Now this might sound silly, but it's just an example,
               | a contrast maybe of how the hard work the people behind
               | asahi are putting or the huge jailbreak community, but
               | the idea I'm trying to convey is that the playfield is
               | HUGE and they just don't need this.
               | 
               | The one thing I would be 100% concerned about is the
               | investigation process for matches because that's mainly
               | where human interaction and decision making com into play
               | and we humans SUCK, we've put people behind bars for
               | years for no reason and with all this AI crap there have
               | been a lot of news articles about that kind of stuff and
               | that's something we should definitely be worried about,
               | but I guess it's less about the tech and more about the
               | people in charge right?
        
               | eightysixfour wrote:
               | I don't understand the idea you are trying to convey.
               | iMessage is not impenetrably complex, it is just an ugly
               | API that uses an Apple provided certificate and a valid
               | serial number as part of the authentication factor.
               | 
               | I also don't agree that the human-in-the-loop part of the
               | process is a/the problem. Are you suggesting that it
               | should just send the findings straight to the FBI...
               | where a human would review it? Or maybe skip all of the
               | messy middle part and if the model detects enough CSAM
               | just send an APB to the local police to pick you up and
               | take you straight to prison with no trial?
        
               | 0x0 wrote:
               | There is also the other thing with imessage scanning. It
               | seems ripe for abuse, for example a husband forcing it on
               | every family member including the spouse (and forcing a
               | fake DOB).
               | 
               | Using Apple devices used to be all about how they serve
               | the user to bring joy. Knowing they now spend even a
               | single cpu instruction on trying to frame the user turns
               | the device from something I loved to something I fear.
               | 
               | All the talk about human review and multiple failsafes
               | does not smooth things over. App store review is a prime
               | example of how their review process can be seriously
               | flawed - scam apps and subscriptions sometimes even being
               | FEATURED in editorials on the app store.
               | 
               | It does not matter that you will be found innocent in the
               | end. Just being put under investigation for csam can make
               | anyone's a life living hell. Getting your AppleID
               | blocked, even if temporary, can cause severe problems.
               | 
               | When a company advertises that "what happens on your
               | phone stays on your phone", and then proceeds to build
               | snitchware into the phone that reports on received
               | imessages to the "family head of household" and reports
               | and UPLOADS photo roll items that were never intended to
               | be shared, to human review, well... that company does not
               | appear to be honest anymore.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | > There is also the other thing with imessage scanning.
               | It seems ripe for abuse, for example a husband forcing it
               | on every family member including the spouse (and forcing
               | a fake DOB).
               | 
               | In addition, this only works for <18 accounts. If the
               | abusive figure goes as far as making other family members
               | recreate Apple IDs and lie about their age every 5 years
               | to keep getting access to iMessage (and other parental
               | controls like screen time) then there's not much Apple
               | can do.
        
               | ec109685 wrote:
               | In that iMessage scenario, the family member has to
               | explicitly approve sharing anything with the adult on the
               | iCloud account. Nothing happens automatically.
        
               | 0x0 wrote:
               | I think you missed the "abusive" part of "abusive head of
               | family".
        
           | gedy wrote:
           | One question I have on CSAM is: so it only detects known pics
           | that law enforcement already has? If so, is that the major
           | issue with child porn, e.g. same pics getting passed around?
           | Just seems like this won't prevent abuse from occurring, with
           | their own new pics and videos.
        
             | l-albertovich wrote:
             | I don't think it would prevent "new" abuse but just like
             | you might have some material (books, music, whatever) these
             | people have their stuff and it's not like every single one
             | of them is a producer but they might be part of communities
             | and catching some of them might lead law enforcement to
             | bigger fish and hopefully producers or at least that's how
             | I think the people behind this might be thinking.
        
             | matwood wrote:
             | FB, Google, MS, etc... already use a similar hash based
             | system called PhotoDNA on any photos in their clouds. They
             | reported ~20M+ instances last year, so yeah it seems like
             | the same pics do get passed around.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhotoDNA
        
             | pvarangot wrote:
             | I'm not defending the FBI or the Apple feature here, but on
             | a lot of cases where abusers get caught it's because they
             | were sharing pictures of their victims in groups where they
             | exchange other pictures with other people into that.
             | Sometimes those other pictures are on this databases. So
             | this database matching things generate leads.
             | 
             | Last case I heard about was cleaning personnel in a body
             | expression workshop for kids with learning disabilities
             | that was sharing new pictures he took of girls in a
             | Telegram group. The group was infiltrated by an FBI agent
             | that allegedly got the link from a Facebook group that they
             | found because of Facebook scanning for known hashes and
             | reporting.
        
               | l-albertovich wrote:
               | I can't remember the actual title of the article but I
               | clearly remember about an instance (I think it was a few
               | years ago) where there was a CP ring that operated (at
               | least partly) through a whatsapp group and they got
               | busted when they accidentally added someone with the
               | wrong phone number so yeah, I think there's a lot of "low
               | hanging fruit" that could lead to putting some of these
               | assholes behind bars.
               | 
               | This happened in argentina btw.
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | Facebook _has no business being an app at all._
        
       | francescovv wrote:
       | @dang: sdf.org is a multi-tenant domain. It would be nice if HN's
       | site link would treat it as such, i.e.:
       | 
       | - /from?site=thomask.sdf.org
       | 
       | - not /from?site=sdf.org
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | send the mods an email (link is in the page footer) instead of
         | hoping they randomly see your comment
        
       | GekkePrutser wrote:
       | I think it's pretty clear where Apple is heading. Your device is
       | no longer your device anymore. It's theirs and you're just a
       | guest on it. Enjoy...
        
       | nullc wrote:
       | Hey Apple employees, this is the future you're building:
       | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.en.html
        
       | traceroute66 wrote:
       | For a bit of balance, to be fair, Apple do clearly explain the
       | reasoning behind the decision[1].
       | 
       | TL;DR It was a well reasoned privacy-focused decision, _not_
       | "power-tripping" as the blog author puts it.
       | 
       | [1]https://developer.apple.com/news/?id=0oi77447
        
         | memco wrote:
         | Does multicast have other uses outside of local network device
         | communication? I've seen several apps trigger alerts that they
         | want to access devices on the network if I grant permission and
         | I've been saying no since I don't understand why those apps
         | would even be trying to connect to another device since they're
         | things like food delivery and other service related stuff.
        
           | traceroute66 wrote:
           | > Does multicast have other uses outside of local network
           | device communication?
           | 
           | Not with any sort of seriousness I think.
           | 
           | Some major internet peering exchanges used to have multicast
           | LANs for whatever reason. I think LINX were one of the last
           | ones to operate one, but eventually in 2020 they removed it
           | after they reached a point where only two ports were
           | connected to it with no significant traffic flowing !
        
         | ricardobeat wrote:
         | It would've been fine if it was handled like the other
         | permissions, but the author is taking issue with the fact that
         | this one requires a _manual_ review, you can 't simply add it
         | to your app's entitlements.
        
           | traceroute66 wrote:
           | Interesting snippet from SO[1] from January 2021 (so I assume
           | its still valid) :
           | 
           | > _The entitlement is needed only to be able to browse and
           | advertise arbitrary or wildcard services. If you've added the
           | one type you use to your Info.plist, as you detail, you do
           | not need the entitlement._
           | 
           | i.e. the entitlement is only required if you are not willing
           | or able to restrict your use of multicast to defined
           | services.
           | 
           | [1]https://stackoverflow.com/a/65589011
        
       | betterunix2 wrote:
       | Coming soon: developers are restricted to using AppleTalk,
       | special permission required for IP networking...
        
       | thedougd wrote:
       | I have to imagine this is related to the release of Matter, the
       | smart home communication standard. Cutting off multicast cuts off
       | a standard way existing network connected home automation devices
       | work, forcing users to Matter and to ultimately buy into a new
       | ecosystem.
        
         | oaiey wrote:
         | Thank you. That sounds right. Like that you get an inventory of
         | apps which you later can nudge/force into Matter.
        
         | cmelbye wrote:
         | It will also seriously harm their TV/AirPlay competitor
         | Chromecast, right? I have to imagine that every app with a
         | Chromecast integration is using multicast to discover devices,
         | but I could be wrong.
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | Glad I got out of mobile app development
       | 
       | Looks like its gotten worse the second half of the decade and
       | even wages for it have stagnated (except for the FAANGs that pay
       | everyone indiscriminately)
        
       | qwerty456127 wrote:
       | > you have to explain yourself to humans at Apple
       | 
       | This is such an honor. I was starting to suspect no actual humans
       | other than the developers and the managers work at FFANG at all
       | given how hard it is to contact them. Perhaps in this case it is
       | not a human either but a neural network of a sort.
       | 
       | Anyway, I believe everything should be done this way, through
       | communicating with humans. Humans should study every ad and every
       | app before it gets published (but I support side-loading for
       | users willing to opt-out), humans should review every video
       | before it gets de-monetized or removed, humans should communicate
       | on every appeal. I would vote for a law mandating this.
       | 
       | PS: The more news of this kind the more I feel like buying an
       | iPhone perhaps. I don't like how they restrict the users but I
       | bloody adore how they restrict the apps (with exception of some
       | cases like iDOS, terminal apps, alternative-engine web browsers
       | etc - I certainly don't like Apple banning them).
        
         | callmeal wrote:
         | >I bloody adore how they restrict the apps
         | 
         | Well, they only restrict apps for us peons. Companies with
         | money can use undocumented apis no problem. Case in point:
         | 
         | https://www.macrumors.com/2021/05/09/zoom-ipad-camera-api-ac...
        
           | P_I_Staker wrote:
           | Does this go much deeper than zoom? They're the only one's
           | I've really heard of. IMO, apples walled off model has some
           | pretty serious flaws, so I'm not surprised if there's
           | exceptions
           | 
           | * Well, I'm somewhat surprised, because it's apple, and they
           | tend to be overly idealistic... but there seems to be a bit
           | less of that in the post-Jobs era
        
         | alerighi wrote:
         | I don't agree. Developers should be able to develop whatever
         | app they want, and not the apps that Apple decides that can be
         | developed.
         | 
         | Modern smartphone have a lot of potential that cannot be
         | exploited only for policies. One example is network connections
         | in general, it's so restricted that is barely usable. For
         | example controlling the network interfaces is problematic. On
         | iOS (and now also on Android) you can't tell the phone to
         | connect to a particular Wi-Fi network, only to a network with a
         | prefix and it's not even that reliable. Where that would be
         | useful? Of course in an app that connects to some device that
         | exposes a Wi-Fi AP.
         | 
         | I develop embedded devices and thanks to mobile phones network
         | limitations everything has to pass trough a cloud. That is a
         | big improvement for privacy if we ask Apple? I don't think so.
         | But there are really no reliable ways to control something in
         | your LAN. Well if you give Apple a ton of money to implement
         | HomeKit by putting the Apple proprietary chip in your product
         | of course, why do you think they impose this limitations?
        
         | okasaki wrote:
         | Just because you filled in a form doesn't mean a human looked
         | at it.
         | 
         | They could automatically approve/reject and store the form in
         | case they need to review it later.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | > I would vote for a law mandating this, humans should
         | communicate on every appeal.
         | 
         | Or perhaps we should just have fines in case things go awry. I
         | mean, if it works, AI should be allowed. The problem is that it
         | doesn't work.
        
         | smoldesu wrote:
         | If I bought an iPhone, I'd use it to call people. That's
         | probably it.
         | 
         | Android phones are nice because they at least respect my pre-
         | existing workflow. I can sync my Nextcloud server to keep my
         | notes and photos distributed, I can install different shells to
         | get work done on the go, Hell, I can even use it to send a
         | firmware payload to my Nintendo Switch in RCM mode. It's my
         | swiss-army knife for when it's impractical to carry a full Unix
         | machine.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > Anyway, I believe everything should be done this way, through
         | communicating with humans. Humans should study every ad and
         | every app before it gets published
         | 
         | Why? This is actually one of the biggest complaints about the
         | App Store review process, because it tends to produce a lot of
         | inconsistent results if your app comes anywhere near the gray
         | areas of the App Store guidelines.
         | 
         | Mandating human review for everything sounds like a good idea
         | for those who imagine perfect, highly-skilled, consistent
         | reviewers handling every step of every process, but that's not
         | how things work in the real world. You don't actually want to
         | legally mandate real humans handling every step of everything,
         | unless you want to force everything back to the days of
         | bureaucracy and endless back-and-forth communications to get
         | everything done.
        
           | qwerty456127 wrote:
           | Because too many fraud/virus ads and spyware/whatever apps.
           | But that's on Google. I don't really know how the things are
           | on Apple.
        
           | snowwrestler wrote:
           | The vast majority of what you experience in society has gone
           | through human review. All laws go through human review before
           | they are enacted. When you go to the grocery store or a
           | restaurant, all the food there has been selected by a human
           | for you. For some fruits or vegetables, every single item was
           | hand-selected for sale during harvest.
           | 
           | When you go into a Target or a Walmart or certainly any small
           | retail shop, everything in there was selected for inventory
           | by a human buyer. When you read a newspaper, every single
           | article was reviewed by a human before it was published.
           | 
           | Product designs are reviewed by humans for utility and
           | safety. Drugs are reviewed by humans for efficacy and safety.
           | Cars and trains and airplanes were human-reviewed during
           | design and assembly, and again at regular intervals. Every
           | scientific article is reviewed by humans before publication.
           | 
           | Systems that try to run at scale without human review have
           | problems with quality. Amazon tries to run a retail platform
           | with minimal human review; it's choked with fakes and scams.
           | Social media companies try to run with minimal human review;
           | they're full of false information and scams.
        
         | kgarten wrote:
         | > Humans should study every ad and every app before it gets
         | published
         | 
         | Have you seen Brazil?
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil_(1985_film)
         | 
         | What you are describing sounds for me exactly like a
         | bureaucratic nightmare.
         | 
         | > I don't like how they restrict the users but I bloody adore
         | how they restrict the apps
         | 
         | Honestly, that brought me to go away from Apple. They reject
         | apps randomly, allow terrible security holes that affect ALL
         | applications over relying on safari mobile web views (Pegasus)
         | and do nothing against scams (see discussions over family
         | sharing): https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28203361
        
           | user-the-name wrote:
           | > Have you seen Brazil?
           | 
           | Brazil is fiction. Judging how you relate to things in the
           | real world by comparing them with things that were made up to
           | be funny is not how you achieve insight.
        
             | Shorel wrote:
             | Like all the good science fiction, Brazil has a very strong
             | component of social commentary.
             | 
             | The time machine is about class division and class warfare.
             | 
             | 1984 is about Stalin's style totalitarianism.
             | 
             | And so on...
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | Having social commentary is not the same as having
               | insight. You can easily comment on society, and have
               | those comments be absolute garbage.
               | 
               | Not saying that Brazil does this, but just because
               | someone comments, does not mean they have something
               | important to say.
        
               | matthewh806 wrote:
               | Yeah, but it seems like you're trying to have it both
               | ways. On the one hand you're arguing that the insights
               | into society can be absolute garbage and on the other
               | implying (or suggesting) that Brazil doesn't necessarily
               | fall into this category.
               | 
               | So what is it then? Brazil does make interesting points
               | about encroaching bureaucracy (and therefore the parents
               | post is justified)? I think you took the point about
               | Brazil a bit too literally, the poster was never
               | suggesting that the world is suddenly exactly that way,
               | more highlighting the parallels. I think you need to
               | allow yourself to suspend disbelief a little more and
               | realise the very deliberate allegorical nature of these
               | movies...
               | 
               | I mean, judging by the greyed out appearance of all your
               | posts on this topic I would say it seems you're in the
               | minority with this kind of opinion.
        
             | matthewh806 wrote:
             | Um... Yes, Brazil is fiction but the dystopia it portrays
             | is rooted in extrapolations of the times in which it was
             | made.
             | 
             | Its absolute nonsense to shoot someone down on the basis
             | that they draw parallels to movies or other artforms.
             | Especially if those works of fiction are intended as
             | warnings / cautionary tales.
             | 
             | As it is i thought the parent comments comparison to Brazil
             | was fairly apt in this situation...
        
               | qwerty456127 wrote:
               | When I watched Brazil the first time as I was a kid I
               | couldn't imagine anything shown there being possible in
               | real life. Especially the lack of the right to repair -
               | we repaired everything from all the plumbing and electric
               | wiring (and that was in apartment buildings, not just in
               | private houses, private houses didn't even require any
               | bureaucracy at all - people just built for themselves
               | whatever way they wanted from whatever materials they
               | had, often without any project whatsoever) to all the
               | electronics, let alone cars ourselves during those days.
               | I also couldn't imagine people being be SWATed in their
               | homes for non-violent offenses (by mistake or not).
               | 
               | Now I see the movie has been implemented into life almost
               | precisely and the AI with mass surveillance has been
               | introduced to make it even worse.
               | 
               | To make it more fun and looking realistic today they even
               | portrayed people kinda watching Netflix on their office
               | computers when the boss doesn't look (AFAIK computers
               | were not actually capable of streaming videos over the
               | network during the days the movie was filmed).
        
               | pram wrote:
               | My assumption was the homes in Brazil were owned by the
               | state, so the restrictions aren't even really hyperbolic.
               | If you've ever lived in government/military housing they
               | can come and inspect how clean you're keeping the place
               | at any time, for example.
        
             | breakfastduck wrote:
             | Hot take of the year - all fiction is irrelevant and
             | incomparable to the real world.
             | 
             | How the hell can anyone come to that conclusion I don't
             | know.
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | Try reading what is actually said before responding.
        
               | breakfastduck wrote:
               | That's a bit rich coming from you in this context.
        
             | reedf1 wrote:
             | This is a pretty obtuse perspective. Fiction can be written
             | for the express purpose of achieving insight. Just because
             | something is fictional or humorous doesn't limit that - it
             | can emphasise it. See - A Modest Proposal by Jonathan
             | Swift.
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | The converse does not hold, though, that any satire
               | _must_ give you insight into the real world.
               | 
               | Just referencing a random piece of satire when discussing
               | the real world gives absolutely no insight in and of
               | itself.
        
               | breakfastduck wrote:
               | I'd hardly call one of the most acclaimed dystopian-
               | bureaucracy films a 'random bit of satire'. If you've not
               | watched and understood it (clearly the latter of that is
               | especially true) I dont think you've any right to claim
               | it's not relevant to anything.
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | I've seen it multiple times.
               | 
               | I also understand that it is fiction, and it is
               | exaggerated, and it is highly silly.
               | 
               | It is not a prophecy, it not a guide to reality, it is a
               | silly film by a guy from Monty Python who was annoyed at
               | bureaucracy, a very simple and shared part of human
               | experience.
        
               | matthewh806 wrote:
               | So why are you criticising someone highlighting annoyance
               | of encroaching bureaucracy referencing a work of fiction
               | that deals with this "shared part of human experience" in
               | a "simple way"?
               | 
               | No one is saying its a 1:1 guide to reality, but as a
               | nightmare vision of a dystopia gripped by unnecessary
               | administrative apparatus, silly or not, it is a work of
               | fiction that takes its root from reality and then makes a
               | farce of it.
               | 
               | There are reasons works like kafkaesque, orwellian,
               | ballardian become part of the lexicon despite all dealing
               | with fictional universes of their own making...
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | None of that makes "Having an human approve apps is JUST
               | LIKE BRAZIL" in any way an insightful thing to say.
        
               | breakfastduck wrote:
               | I guess you think Monty Python films are just 'silly
               | films' too, completely overlooking the intelligent satire
               | present throughout the entire films, that will be studied
               | and admired as _top level_ satire for generations to
               | come?
               | 
               | It's astonishing to me that you can't seem to grasp how
               | effective fiction is at laying bare (albeit in an
               | exaggerated fashion) the issues present in the real
               | world.
        
         | karakanb wrote:
         | It doesn't seem like the author is complaining about having to
         | contact someone at Apple to have these permissions in an app
         | you are building to distribute. If this was for distribution,
         | that could have made sense, but apparently this request for
         | permission is way before that: you need to contact them simply
         | to be able to use the feature on your own device, without
         | distributing it anywhere.
         | 
         | This is like being asked to get permission from IETF in order
         | to run an HTTP server on your computer, it just doesn't make
         | sense.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | > This is like being asked to get permission from IETF in
           | order to run an HTTP server on your computer, it just doesn't
           | make sense.
           | 
           | The iPhone was never intended to cater to developers writing
           | personal-use, general computing software on their own
           | devices, though. I know it's an unpopular opinion on HN, but
           | I don't expect my iPhone to be an open development platform
           | and I'm fine with that, even though I'm also a developer and
           | software enthusiast.
           | 
           | Realistically, how many people would even be impacted by this
           | restriction on multicast packet sending for personally-
           | developed apps for personal use only? The number is
           | vanishingly small relative to the total iPhone user base. It
           | makes sense that Apple wouldn't go out of their way to cater
           | to that ultra-niche use case which can still get the access
           | they need by requesting the permission.
           | 
           | I know people get angry that the iPhone doesn't cater to
           | every single niche personal use case, but honestly I'm fine
           | with that. If I need to write a custom app for personal use
           | that does something unique, I'm not going to reach for an
           | iPhone anyway. However, I use an iPhone as my primary phone
           | because Apple has focused on the things that matter for
           | making it a good phone that does phone things well, which is
           | exactly what most of us actually need.
        
             | shaan7 wrote:
             | > It makes sense that Apple wouldn't go out of their way to
             | cater to that ultra-niche use case which can still get the
             | access they need by requesting the permission.
             | 
             | Well, its not about expecting Apple to put more effort to
             | enable some feature. In many cases enabling that feature is
             | less effort and Apple instead goes "out of their way" to
             | disable such things. _That_ is the problem - and it is not
             | specific to iPhone, things like this have happened in the
             | past on MacBooks too (see
             | https://github.com/onmomo/superdrive-
             | enabler/blob/master/src...)
        
             | feanaro wrote:
             | Your stance is going to have lots of unforeseen network
             | effects which will in the end leave you with no general
             | purpose computer at all. What you will be able to run will
             | be dictated by large multi-national conglomerates which
             | will double as some kind of quasi-states.
             | 
             | Is this really the future you want to see?
        
             | lukeschlather wrote:
             | This isn't really that niche. "Personal use" apps are just
             | another word for prototype. It is incredibly damaging to
             | innovation if you can't even build a little prototype
             | without submitting a request to Apple.
        
           | iainmerrick wrote:
           | Exactly, it should use the same process as other "advanced"
           | features like payments or push notifications: you toggle a
           | flag in the app entitlements file, it works by default for
           | local development, but you can't distribute on the App Store
           | without a review.
        
       | saagarjha wrote:
       | I'm honestly curious why this specific thing got trapped behind
       | manual review. Did a bunch of apps specifically abuse multicast
       | networking?
        
         | evilDagmar wrote:
         | I don't know about iPhones specifically, but I know I used to
         | sigh and grit my teeth every time I'd debug something
         | networking-related while I was at a public coffee house or
         | something, and there's all those apple laptops, broadcasting
         | the user's registered name on the local network for lord only
         | knows what reason.
         | 
         | They may well be trying to stop something equally stupid
         | happening where someone decided it would be a good idea to
         | blast the user's name and phone number out over the local
         | network.
        
         | jamil7 wrote:
         | Yeah kinda random. Doesn't something similar exist if you want
         | to download content from a domain without TLS from within an
         | iOS app?
         | 
         | I vaguely remember needing to fill something out to explain why
         | I needed users to be able to load content from http (user
         | generated content in an app). But it makes a bit more sense in
         | that case.
        
         | jannes wrote:
         | I believe there must be more to this story.
         | 
         | Maybe it is possible to abuse multicast for
         | tracking/fingerprinting in some way and that's why Apple is
         | locking it down to approved apps.
         | 
         | It would have been unfeasible to show a permission dialog. How
         | would you even begin to explain multicast to the average user
         | in 1-2 sentences?
        
           | Daniel_sk wrote:
           | Well it can certainly help the app to get a coarse location -
           | if it matches an existing network fingerprint (when you visit
           | back the same network or it was scanned by other user
           | before). This is also why you need location permissions on
           | Android for Bluetooth or Wifi direct access.
        
           | dathinab wrote:
           | multicast => communicate and find devices on your local
           | network
           | 
           | I guess one sentence is enough ;=)
           | 
           | (Sure it's not perfect in it's explanation, but that's
           | basically what it boils down to in it's usage.)
        
           | simondotau wrote:
           | Could it be used by apps to communicate with other apps on
           | the same device?
        
             | neilalexander wrote:
             | You can do this without multicast, at least for the period
             | of time that the listening app is allowed to run in the
             | background (around a couple minutes, unless there are other
             | entitlements at play), by just listening for connections on
             | the loopback address using a regular socket.
        
           | pja wrote:
           | You'd probably just call it "local network access" or
           | something similar.
           | 
           | Most people are not running local DNS services which a device
           | without this permission could use to probe the local network,
           | so it's a fairly accurate description for the majority of
           | users I would think?
        
             | Ensorceled wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure my mother would have to ask me what "local
             | network access" meant.
             | 
             | Also, there is nothing mom would install that would
             | legitimately require this permission ...
        
         | throw0101a wrote:
         | > _Did a bunch of apps specifically abuse multicast
         | networking?_
         | 
         | My first thought was: how does multicast IP traffic interact on
         | cell networks?
         | 
         | IPv6 makes heavy use of multicast (e.g., NDP), and a lot of
         | mobile network are now IPv6-only (clients do no get IPv4
         | addresses), and so if apps can start sending tracking to
         | "everyone" on the network (or a particular base station), could
         | that cause problems.
        
           | acomjean wrote:
           | That's a interesting point (IPv6)
           | 
           | My limited knowledge of multicast from working with network
           | software a while ago was that it's local network only, and
           | udp and you needed to "subscribe" to get the broadcast
           | messages. There was also a keep alive component which is a
           | little different from normal UDP.
           | 
           | I wrote a tool to help debug the system by subscribing and
           | then dumping the messages. Perhaps this the problem Apple has
           | with it?
           | 
           | My understanding was a lot of routers didn't support
           | multicast, I know we had some issues with our network
           | configuration.
           | 
           | What happens on IPv6 is a interesting question.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast
        
           | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
           | >so if apps can start sending tracking to "everyone" on the
           | network (or a particular base station), could that cause
           | problems.
           | 
           | Then simply drop multicast packets? That's also what your ISP
           | does with them.
        
           | neilalexander wrote:
           | Cellular networks don't quite work like this. Your mobile
           | data connection is actually a point-to-point tunnel to a
           | gateway somewhere in the provider packet core, so you don't
           | really just "leak" multicast packets to other devices on the
           | same cell.
           | 
           | Even in many enterprise Wi-Fi networks, it's quite common to
           | see either client isolation or multicast filtering in place
           | (in part because multicast traffic is often sent at a very
           | low data rate and that can have unintended side effects).
        
         | Terretta wrote:
         | Yes, a bunch of apps specifically abuse multicast networking,
         | Bonjour discovery, etc., to tie to you.
        
           | _jal wrote:
           | Yep. I've noticed a couple apps that recently updated
           | suddenly wanted to scan the network. One arguably, if you
           | squint, might have had a legitimate reason; the other
           | obviously didn't.
           | 
           | I assume some surveillance library recently changed to start
           | asking for it, but am not sure.
           | 
           | I deleted both and realized it has been a while since I've
           | watched my phone over an intercepting proxy; time to sweep
           | for bugs again.
        
       | wayoutthere wrote:
       | I hear this kind of complaining from greybeards all the time. And
       | I have some sympathy having grown up in the early 90s when you
       | legitimately could tinker with every aspect of your computer. I
       | kind of miss that; I suspect I'd miss it more if I had more time.
       | 
       | But as a _customer_ I appreciate this stuff. I need some
       | shortcuts to be able to maintain reasonable opsec without
       | dedicating my life to dodging surveillance. I'm ok if it makes
       | applications harder to develop because there are plenty on the
       | App Store already.
       | 
       | If you want a device that can run arbitrary code, Android exists.
       | Laptops exist. You have options. I don't want a device like that
       | in my pocket, however. It doesn't fit in my personal security
       | model.
        
       | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
       | Apple is also sabotaging the Bluetooth Low-Energy standard, by
       | blocking apps from registering certain standard service IDs. For
       | example, iOS doesn't allow apps to provide a HID-over-GATT
       | service, which could be used to implement HID-compliant
       | peripherals (i.e. keyboard, mouse, game controller, etc.).
       | 
       | When you try to launch a BLE service with the required
       | identifier, the framework simply throws an error: "The specified
       | UUID is not allowed for this operation." :-)
       | 
       | This is why there are no Bluetooth keyboard/mouse/trackpad apps
       | in the AppStore, while there are many on Android.
        
       | natch wrote:
       | It's not just about the end user here. It's about not empowering
       | the device to become a hacking tool in the hands of any random
       | hacker with Xcode. I think the author could have done a better
       | job acknowledging this.
       | 
       | Apple is seeing that they are in a position of responsibility
       | here if they don't draw lines in certain places.
        
         | vorpalhex wrote:
         | Ah yes, because we don't have small portable devices you can
         | load tails or whatever onto and war drive (or war walk) in real
         | time. Certainly not ones that are under $100, can run for days
         | or be easily operated remotely...
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | I wonder if this is to thwart the multitude of sketchy iot
       | devices on amazon that require calling back to Chinese servers to
       | even functions (lightbulbs even, ha)
        
       | musesum wrote:
       | Ok, this is about Bonjour, which is pretty cool. David Abramson
       | and I released a multiplayer Horse Racing game, called
       | PocketJockey on iOS 2.1. During game play each device would play
       | its local copy of the William Tell Overture. We used packet
       | latency to synchronize tracks. You would then bounce up and down
       | as though you were a jockey. If you bounced in time to the music
       | your horse would go faster. There was an announcer that would
       | announce the status of your horse, which was also in synch. Up to
       | 4 players could be playing in the same room with the exact same
       | music and announcer emanating from their pocket. All on the
       | original iPhone. To use an overused term, the experience was
       | "magical" That's what you can do with Bonjour.
       | 
       | So, what's the attack vector? A back door, perhaps? Bonjour
       | requires a user approval dialog. A misleading title of the dialog
       | may allow someone to connect. Maybe extract private data.
       | 
       | Imagine a peer-to-peer chat app. Say, in Hong Kong -- during a
       | protest. Or in Kabul -- during an evacuation.
        
         | cbsmith wrote:
         | What's funny, is all these issues were raised when Apple rolled
         | out Zeroconf (old name for Bonjour). Apple pointed out that it
         | wasn't a vulnerability, and that not doing it was akin to
         | punching people who came in the front door, while leaving
         | illegal entry unattended.
        
           | smoldesu wrote:
           | It's also worth noting that Bonjour support for other devices
           | was a complete shitshow! I had iTunes installed on my old
           | Windows 7 desktop, and Bonjour was the service that taught me
           | how to forcibly exit a program in task manager. It must have
           | had a memory leak back then, because I remember seeing it
           | chew up anywhere from 100 to 500mb of memory...
        
             | cbsmith wrote:
             | mDNS worked fine on Windows, it was just Apple's terrible
             | implementation that was a disaster.
        
           | nielsbot wrote:
           | I thought it used to be called Rendezvous :)
           | 
           | Edit: Yes. "After its introduction in 2002 with Mac OS X 10.2
           | as Rendezvous, the software was renamed in 2005 to Bonjour
           | following an out-of-court trademark dispute settlement."
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonjour_(software)
        
             | pwenzel wrote:
             | Funny, I've been calling it Bonjourdevous for what seems a
             | very long time.
        
       | Drewza wrote:
       | This reminds me when we were working on a business push
       | notification app, much like WhatsApp business but back in 2015.
       | Apple required users to allow push notifications for the app when
       | installing. If a user disabled push notifications then it
       | effectively stopped the app from working as it's sole purpose was
       | to send push notifications. So to try combat users turning off
       | push notifications without realizing what they had done, we would
       | prompt them to say that turning off push notifications would stop
       | the app from working. We submitted the app to the app store and
       | Apple rejected the new version saying that we were forcing users
       | to enable push notifications.
       | 
       | I remember being so frustrated with this process of trying to
       | convince someone in Apple who just didn't seem to understand why
       | this would make sense. They cited that it was a poor user
       | experience but I can't imagine a worse experience than a
       | messaging app that never received push notifications.
        
       | watermelon0 wrote:
       | What bothers me even more, is that you need developer account
       | (100$/year), and go through these manual reviews, if you want to
       | develop and tests apps on simulator or your own iOS devices.
       | 
       | They already have manual review process for submitting apps to
       | the App Store, so I don't understand why I would also need
       | permissions before I start developing apps using restricted
       | features.
        
         | markb139 wrote:
         | My iOS developer story ended shortly after I attempted to start
         | back in 2008. To run apps I'd written on a device I had to sign
         | up and pay for an account, which I was ok with. Then my account
         | was suspended until I proved who I was with a scan of a
         | government issued document. As a non US citizen my ID had
         | little protection so I said no. After a few months apple agreed
         | and refund my $99. So I've never written for iOS. The upside
         | was I made a small profit thanks to a swing in the exchange
         | rate :)
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | This happened to me too, I'm surprised more people don't talk
           | about it.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | For personal development the account is free. You only need to
         | pay if you are releasing apps to the App Store.
        
         | simondotau wrote:
         | This is incorrect. None of the things you describe require a
         | paid developer account.
        
           | yarcob wrote:
           | You do if you want to use UDP multicast or want to enumerate
           | MDNS services. That's what this article is about. If I
           | understand correctly, they apparently don't even let you use
           | multicast on your own phone for testing without requesting
           | permission.
        
             | neilalexander wrote:
             | > want to enumerate MDNS services
             | 
             | Only if you want to create a wildcard listener. If you know
             | the exact name of the service you want to listen out for,
             | you do not need the entitlement.
        
             | watermelon0 wrote:
             | This. If you need restricted features, like I mentioned in
             | my comment, Apple needs to approve it for your development
             | team, before you can create provisioning profile for
             | signing the app, to be able to run it on real devices.
             | 
             | However, I was partially wrong (it's been some time since I
             | needed this), you can actually use them in the simulator
             | without an approval.
             | 
             | List of special entitlements needing an approval:
             | https://stackoverflow.com/a/65330176
             | 
             | Additionally, I know that CarPlay entitlements need an
             | approval: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/carplay
             | /requesting...
        
         | yardie wrote:
         | I haven't renewed my Apple Developer subscription in a few
         | years but I'm still developing and testing apps at home on the
         | free tier. It hasn't been necessary to the subscription for a
         | few years. Only if you plan to release to the App Store or want
         | developer betas.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | geophile wrote:
       | What I would really like is a Raspberry Pi in an iPhone from
       | factor. (Or maybe a Gemini PDA form factor.) Apple has been doing
       | nothing but pissing me off for years, definitely including
       | scanning photos on the device and now this multicast issue.
        
         | spoonjim wrote:
         | Your battery would last 10 minutes.
        
           | geophile wrote:
           | Why is that?
        
             | spoonjim wrote:
             | How much space would you have left over for a battery after
             | adding a Pi Zero, screen, speaker, camera, etc.?
        
       | estebarb wrote:
       | Given that this kind of stories are each time more frequent: why
       | are we still buying Apple? Its not like the hardware is super
       | special or the Unix compatibility (that we already have in Linux
       | or even Windows).
        
         | NegativeLatency wrote:
         | If they hadn't done the recent transition to arm I'd be ready
         | to consider a Linux laptop. Which is a fine option for me but
         | other family members would need windows or Mac OS for various
         | productivity apps.
        
       | maffydub wrote:
       | > ...now I have to prostrate myself before some review committee
       | to use a staple of TCP/IP?
       | 
       | Does anyone have any examples of using TCP with multicast? I'm
       | not personally aware on any, and I wouldn't describe multicast as
       | a staple of TCP.
       | 
       | I guess multicast is a staple of _IP_ (not TCP)... but does Apple
       | let your apps use raw IP? (I didn 't think so.)
        
       | macawfish wrote:
       | I like the idea of having to grant applications permissions to
       | use multicast, and to make the suggested behavior be "deny
       | permissions", but whatever this form is I don't like it.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | qalmakka wrote:
       | Apple is getting worse day after day. I'm still hoping that one
       | day the EU Commission will finally go after them and force them
       | to open up their stuff.
        
         | jjgreen wrote:
         | Why? They're clearly an abusive company, just don't do business
         | with them.
        
           | madeofpalk wrote:
           | > Why? They're clearly an abusive company, just don't do
           | business with them.
           | 
           | The market just does not have the ability to act here.
           | Facebook literally incited genocide on the other side of the
           | world and Facebook experienced zero repercussions
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | UK government had to plead and beg for a year untill it was
           | allowed to release an app to let half the population using
           | iPhone register their legal rights:
           | 
           | https://appleinsider.com/articles/19/04/10/apple-agrees-
           | to-o...
        
           | 57844743385 wrote:
           | Because that's where the users are.
        
           | bogwog wrote:
           | This is a website of mostly software developers and people
           | working in tech.
           | 
           | If you fall into that demographic, how do you avoid doing
           | business with Apple? They're entrenched in the duopoly on
           | desktop, the duopoly on mobile, and the duopoly on browsers.
           | 
           | Refusing to do business with Apple will only make you feel
           | good about yourself, but it will significantly hurt your
           | career prospects if you're a working developer, and ruin any
           | hope of success if you're an entrepreneur trying to start or
           | run a tech company.
           | 
           | For all intents and purposes, they're a monopoly. If you're a
           | fan of the Hasbro game, you might disagree on the exact
           | definition, but Apple (and peers) is unquestionably in a
           | position where they're immune to market forces.
           | 
           | Capitalism doesn't work right when you have companies like
           | that.
        
             | jjgreen wrote:
             | _If you fall into that demographic, how do you avoid doing
             | business with Apple?_
             | 
             | Fairly easily, I have an X1 running Linux as my dev machine
             | (I'm backend/ML) and don't have a phone. No need to worry
             | about my career, I'm doing OK thanks.
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | The options are:
           | 
           | * Faceless multinational A, that gives lip service to privacy
           | and doesn't give a shit about freedom
           | 
           | * Faceless multinational B, that gives lip service to freedom
           | and doesn't give a shit about privacy
           | 
           | * Trying to kickstart an alternative ecosystem - a task that
           | Microsoft, one of the richest companies in the world, was
           | unsuccessful at.
           | 
           | * Not owning a smartphone
        
             | jjgreen wrote:
             | Your option 4 works fine for me.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | kilroy123 wrote:
             | We desperately need a true linux phone. No, not the damn
             | pinephone which is not ready to be your moms daily driver
             | phone.
             | 
             | I'm talking one that actually works and is on par with
             | linux desktops.
        
               | superice wrote:
               | Let's face it, that is not going to happen. I can barely
               | get bluetooth audio to work on my desktop, a truly
               | functional purely linux ecosystem for phones that my mom
               | can use is at least a decade away (if possible at all).
        
               | Shorel wrote:
               | I still remember rooting for the Ubuntu Edge phone and
               | watching it fail and get cancelled.
               | 
               | The issue here is that "we" are not many people.
               | 
               | https://techmonitor.ai/techonology/software/why-did-the-
               | ubun...
        
               | bogwog wrote:
               | What we desperately need is for the tech giants and their
               | mono/duopolies to be broken up, or for regulators to
               | force them to make changes to their business in ways that
               | allow for actual competition.
               | 
               | When that happens, the world might have more choices than
               | just Google and Apple for smartphones, or Microsoft and
               | Apple for desktop/laptops.
        
               | ayushnix wrote:
               | If the state of Linux on desktops is anything to go by,
               | Linux on smartphones will never be a success story
               | either. I frequently regret buying a ThinkPad with AMD
               | CPU/GPU after listening to the propaganda about open
               | source GPU drivers. My laptop was basically a paperweight
               | for a month until I downgraded linux-firmware package. No
               | one wants to deal with this shit.
        
               | shaan7 wrote:
               | Curious, which ThinkPad was this? I got a T14s with AMD
               | last year and it is one of best laptops I've used till
               | date, and works with Linux out of the box, incl graphics,
               | networking, USB-C docks etc.
        
               | Hackbraten wrote:
               | > No one wants to deal with this shit.
               | 
               | YMMV but I do. That kind of hassle is the tax that I'm
               | perfectly willing to pay for having FOSS stuff.
               | 
               | Let's celebrate that we have options.
        
               | Hackbraten wrote:
               | I'd prefer a libre phone that barely works than any of
               | the other bullets.
        
               | spiderice wrote:
               | I'm assuming that's what you use then? What kind of phone
               | is it?
        
               | Hackbraten wrote:
               | Waiting for my Librem 5, ordered a few weeks ago. If all
               | goes well, I'll have it next spring.
        
               | spiderice wrote:
               | Interesting. I didn't know much about it other than
               | having heard the name until I just looked it up. The idea
               | of physical kill switches is pretty cool. My only
               | question is, given that the OS isn't based on Android,
               | does it basically not have any apps? The website mentions
               | that it sort of turns HTML 5 apps in to some sort of
               | native-like app by downloading it and sandboxing it. Is
               | that the only sort of apps that are available for it? Or
               | do you install full Linux applications on it? The website
               | doesn't make it super clear.
        
               | arsome wrote:
               | It's clear that the more traditional "Linux" operating
               | systems on the PinePhone/Librem are just not mature, but
               | what about a PinePhone/Librem loaded with stock AOSP and
               | F-Droid, no GApps.
               | 
               | Lots of stuff just won't be available but that's going to
               | be true no matter what non-Apple/Google platform you went
               | to. Outside of that though, it should generally provide a
               | fairly user-friendly experience.
        
               | swiley wrote:
               | Linux desktops got to where they are by people using and
               | contributing to "damn window managers that your mom can't
               | daily drive."
        
               | metalliqaz wrote:
               | After decades Linux still hasn't penetrated the PC
               | desktop. Not holding my breath for a viable mobile
               | ecosystem.
        
       | chris_wot wrote:
       | Not sure if it's worthwhile developing third party apps nowadays.
        
         | collaborative wrote:
         | It certainly isn't
        
       | koolhaas wrote:
       | Wait, even to develop/test on your own device, without releasing,
       | you need to fill out the form?
        
         | merrywhether wrote:
         | > Note: You can test your app using the iOS and iPadOS
         | simulators without an active entitlement, but using multicast
         | and broadcast networking on physical hardware requires the
         | entitlement.
         | 
         | -- https://developer.apple.com/news/?id=0oi77447
        
         | valparaiso wrote:
         | How old are you? Looks like kids from tictok are amazed with
         | rules that were same for the past decade.
        
       | arvinsim wrote:
       | This is why as much as the web sucks, it's one true advantage
       | over other platforms is that you can develop whatever you want
       | without some company restricting you.
        
         | okamiueru wrote:
         | Network discovery is something typically restricted by
         | browsers, and even if it wasn't, on MacOS/iOS it would be.
        
       | yholio wrote:
       | > I'm developing an app of my own creation to install on a device
       | in my own possession, and now I have to prostrate myself before
       | some review committee to use a staple of TCP/IP?
       | 
       | That's funny, he believes he owns an Apple device. Sorry, no.
       | Apple locks down the device with strong crypto and rents you
       | limited permissions, they sell a computing service, not a device.
       | Apple are the only ones who get to say what code ultimately runs
       | on their hardware.
       | 
       | The confusion is common due to the specific way the lease
       | agreement is structured: you pay a lump sum for the device
       | custody and future rent, you lose that sum if you damage the
       | device, and you are responsible for recycling the outdated
       | hardware instead of returning it to the owner.
        
         | canadianfella wrote:
         | > Apple are the only ones Is this a British thing? Implicitly
         | referring to a company as a group of people?
        
         | snowwrestler wrote:
         | Honda does not give me an SDK and API to run arbitrary software
         | on the computers in my Civic either. But obviously I own it.
         | 
         | The state of federal law is that you own your iPhone and can
         | run whatever software you want on it. Jailbreaking is legal,
         | largely because you own your iPhone. The law just doesn't force
         | Apple to make it easy for you.
         | 
         | On a practical note, I'm interested in thoughts on why Apple
         | might try to lock down multicast, specifically, but I have to
         | scroll through dozens of comments arguing about a software
         | system (iOS + App Store) that is now over 13 years old. Is
         | there anyone on HN today who does not understand how iPhone
         | software works? Why do we have to rehash a decade-old
         | conversation on every single iPhone/iOS Apple story?
         | 
         | EDIT - Since I'm still in the edit window, I might as well link
         | to a comment that seems actually useful and relevant to this
         | blog post:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28287064
         | 
         | There are other interesting and useful comments if you scroll
         | down...
        
           | VonGuard wrote:
           | Well, Honda does actually offer an SDK for its cars, but it
           | looks like their cert expired....
           | https://developer.hondainnovations.com/
        
           | sillyquiet wrote:
           | > Why do we have to rehash a decade-old conversation on every
           | single iPhone/iOS Apple story?
           | 
           | Because people are mad - still, and baffled - still, that
           | Apple is successful and prosperous despite not catering to
           | the niche needs of your average HN commenter.
        
             | FpUser wrote:
             | Just FYI - I honestly do not give a flying fuck about how
             | successful and prosperous Apple is. The only company whose
             | prosperity and well being I care about is my own. As a
             | vendor I do not develop for this platform and as a consumer
             | I do not use it. The reason for my avoidance in a first
             | place are various restrictions put by Apple.
        
               | xrisk wrote:
               | You seem to give enough fucks to come and rant on a
               | thread dedicated to an Apple device. Maybe just use
               | whatever you want instead?
        
               | sillyquiet wrote:
               | Yeah, honestly, I do not mind people disliking the Apple
               | device philosophy, but it's a bit wearying to have to dig
               | through all the same grand comments about walled gardens
               | etc etc over and over again in any Apple related
               | discussion.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | >"You seem to give enough fucks to come and rant on a
               | thread dedicated to an Apple device"
               | 
               | I discuss lots of things that I do not loose my sleep
               | over. This whole HN is just an entertainment for me.
               | Distraction from work so that my brain does not melt.
               | 
               | >"Maybe just use whatever you want instead?"
               | 
               | I do use whatever I want. And what I rant about is not
               | for you to decide.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | api wrote:
             | There's also an easy solution: don't buy an iOS device.
        
               | sillyquiet wrote:
               | You would think so, but the repeated comments you see in
               | every Apple story makes it seem that folks cannot get
               | over the very existence and success of Apple's device and
               | app store philosophy enough to let any other discussion
               | or criticism emerge.
        
           | wyager wrote:
           | Slightly OT, but thinking about your comment I wonder if
           | there's any correlation between people who don't care about
           | general purpose computing and people who drive commuter cars.
           | I would think probably so - in both cases, many just want a
           | box that gets them from point A to point B with no interest
           | or concern about what's going on inside the box.
        
           | kevin_b_er wrote:
           | > Honda does not give me an SDK and API to run arbitrary
           | software on the computers in my Civic either. But obviously I
           | own it.
           | 
           | You are bound by 17 U.S.C. SS 1201 to not attempt to alter
           | the car in ways Honda does not approve.
        
           | colossal wrote:
           | Because its the obvious outcome of the ancap principles that
           | many on here are strongly in favour of. Company appeals to
           | the largest market share by designing devices that work well
           | for the majority of people. It just happens that HN readers
           | are in the minority on this one.
        
           | belorn wrote:
           | Honda could decide that every new sold car in future will
           | phone home at the press of the ignition and check if the
           | driver should be allowed to start the car. The software
           | techniques to turn every car sold into a leasing service is
           | not difficult to implement.
           | 
           | If there is such software is inside your civic then no, you
           | don't own it. Honda does. The word "ownership" is in part
           | defined by the ability to exert control. If Honda controls
           | who drives the car, where, how and when, the owner is
           | indisputable Honda.
        
             | octopoc wrote:
             | > The word "ownership" is in part defined by the ability to
             | exert control.
             | 
             | If we were to upgrade the saying "possession is 99% of
             | ownership" to the digital ream, it would be something like
             | "control is 99% of ownership." The distinction between
             | possession and control is only relevant for smart devices.
        
             | shuckles wrote:
             | This is already the world we're in with digital car keys
             | that have been a thing since 2020. I still own my BMW which
             | supports them.
        
             | 8458e112e7b2 wrote:
             | Yes and they should consider doing that. After all, Trump
             | supporters may drive their Civic to the Capitol. Our
             | democracy dies in darkness!!!
        
             | chaorace wrote:
             | This is why right to repair laws are important. If you buy
             | the hardware, you should implicitly have the right to
             | modify the software in-so-far as it is physically possible
             | given the hardware package purchased.
             | 
             | It's entirely within the rights of a company to lock down
             | their hardware if that's how they sell it to you, but it
             | should be equally within the rights of the hardware owner
             | to bypass those "protections". If Honda decides to lock
             | ignition behind an arbitrary clearance check ( _pulling a
             | John Deere_ ), they shouldn't be able to retaliate if that
             | lock gets bypassed -- as long as that distinction exists,
             | we will always be proper owners of the things that we buy.
        
             | throw0101a wrote:
             | > _Honda could decide that every new sold car in future
             | will phone home at the press of the ignition and check if
             | the driver should be allowed to start the car._
             | 
             | They may be mandated to do so:
             | 
             | > U.S. Senate bill seeks to require anti-drunk driving
             | vehicle tech
             | 
             | * https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-senate-bill-seeks-
             | requir...
             | 
             | See also BMW and microtransactions:
             | 
             | * https://www.theverge.com/2020/7/2/21311332/bmw-in-car-
             | purcha...
        
           | l30n4da5 wrote:
           | > Honda does not give me an SDK and API to run arbitrary
           | software on the computers in my Civic either. But obviously I
           | own it.
           | 
           | I can install any aftermarket parts I want to install in my
           | Civic, because I own it.
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | But you might also make your car illegal to operate on
             | public roads, depending on where you live.
        
               | elliekelly wrote:
               | But you might _also_ make a novel improvement that
               | benefits all of your fellow users. Think about how many
               | iPhone features were dreamed up not by Apple but by
               | developers or even "hackers" who figured out a clever
               | approach to a common problem.
               | 
               | I use the "flashlight" on my iPhone all the time but I
               | remember when the only way to use it was to open the
               | camera app, switch to video mode, and turn on the flash.
               | And Shortcuts is one of the most useful app available for
               | an iPhone and it was an idea patched together using APIs
               | in a way Apple never intended. In fact, Shortcuts could
               | be _way_ better if Apple didn't have so many seemingly
               | random and arbitrary limitations.
        
               | stickfigure wrote:
               | Honda isn't part of that decision, and the laws apply
               | equally to vehicles of all makes. As long as you don't
               | modify emissions, you actually get quite a bit of leeway.
        
           | Sebb767 wrote:
           | > Why do we have to rehash a decade-old conversation on every
           | single iPhone/iOS Apple story?
           | 
           | Because this is the possibility of people to cash in on their
           | "I told you so". Also, it is not too late to either change
           | direction or jump ship; if we take this without complaining,
           | the situation will only get worse.
        
           | p_j_w wrote:
           | >Honda does not give me an SDK and API to run arbitrary
           | software on the computers in my Civic either.
           | 
           | If something goes haywire in my phone, it can't possibly turn
           | into a 2 ton death machine, which is something that can
           | happen with a car. Cars have stringent safety regulations
           | that cell phones do not. So... bad example.
        
           | mcculley wrote:
           | Multicast can certainly be used to fingerprint a network. I
           | have done that for making apps automatically switch settings.
           | 
           | It is not clear to me why it would it would be different from
           | the "Local Network" permission.
        
           | xorcist wrote:
           | > Jailbreaking is legal,
           | 
           | Not that simple. Since the DMCA/EUCD, it's complicated.
        
           | grishka wrote:
           | > Honda does not give me an SDK and API to run arbitrary
           | software on the computers in my Civic either. But obviously I
           | own it.
           | 
           | Cars and their infotaiment systems aren't marketed as
           | general-purpose computing devices in the first place. iOS
           | devices very much are.
        
             | calvinmorrison wrote:
             | Plus there's far more mods available for honda than there
             | ever will be for Apple. Modding them, tuning the ECUs,
             | aftermarket hardware and software, you bet baby. The car
             | hacker community is very alive
        
             | snowwrestler wrote:
             | Apple has been crystal clear in their marketing and
             | documentation about how app development and distribution
             | works on iOS since the day it was announced in 2008.
             | 
             | The specific question here is why Apple is putting new
             | restrictions on multicast. Unfortunately all the
             | informative comments are far below this rehash sub thread.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | The day the iPhone was announced they stated that the app
               | model would be http based apps that could be installed
               | from anywhere.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | But are regular users aware of any of that? Do they know
               | how app publishing works at all? Do they know about the
               | absolute disgrace that is the app review process and the
               | "guidelines" it follows? Do they know they can't sideload
               | apps? Do they know every single binary that an iOS device
               | runs has to be signed by Apple?
               | 
               | I bet they don't. And Apple would've lost some part of
               | their user base if they were honest about this with their
               | users, not just developers.
               | 
               | Though around me in particular, many people became
               | acutely aware of that in 2016 when Pokemon Go became huge
               | and those with iPhones found out they can't just download
               | the game from somewhere else and install it to bypass the
               | geographical restrictions in the app store. Some made
               | separate Apple IDs for a country where it was available.
               | Many were envious to those who use Android, because you'd
               | just download an apk and be done with it.
        
               | akerl_ wrote:
               | The modern era provides individual humans with greater
               | access to information and ability to publish information
               | than has ever existed before.
               | 
               | If "regular users" aren't taking the same stance as you,
               | maybe it's not because they aren't aware, maybe it's
               | because they have different use cases and priorities.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | Every app they download is distributed through the app
               | store. If it doesn't fit the app store rules, it simply
               | never materializes, and so no one ever sees it. You only
               | become aware of these limitations once you want to make
               | an app, modify someone else's app, or, like in my
               | example, want to use an app that isn't officially
               | released in your country.
               | 
               | Apple is very good at disguising these limitations such
               | that you don't notice them unless you start actively
               | thinking about iOS development one way or another. In
               | other words, you only become aware of the walls around
               | the walled garden if you try to escape it.
        
               | aardvarkr wrote:
               | Oh no, you think that if only the users knew about X then
               | they would care, when really they don't care so they have
               | no reason to know about X. Not to get too off topic but
               | Epic thought they'd have popular support for their new
               | App Store but the entire world just shrugged and saw it
               | as a greedy play for more money.
               | 
               | Anyways I digress, though you really think that Apple not
               | wanting you to install an unsanctioned iPhone app is
               | going to cause outrage? Sideloading has been a thing for
               | a long long time
        
           | enriquto wrote:
           | > Why do we have to rehash a decade-old conversation
           | 
           | Because there's new people in the world every day and they
           | need to hear this important conversation, which is new for
           | them. If you are already aware, it does no harm to you to
           | just ignore the conversation.
        
         | devwastaken wrote:
         | Sounds like it needs regulation.
        
         | lisper wrote:
         | It's a very similar scam to buying a timeshare. The marketing
         | pitch is "ownership" but what you are really buying is a
         | contractual commitment to pay rent in perpetuity.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > and you are responsible for recycling the outdated hardware
         | instead of returning it to the owner
         | 
         | You're not telling the truth.
         | 
         | Apple will recycle any device for you for free. They may even
         | pay you for it if it's in reasonable condition and reasonably
         | recent.
        
         | Grustaf wrote:
         | Hilarious, but not real. You can install whatever you want on
         | your phone, but you can't do it through the app store.
        
           | techrat wrote:
           | With a host MacOS computer and a certificate that expires
           | after 7 days.
           | 
           | Whereas on Android you can simply download the APK from
           | within the device. No host PC needed. No developer cert. No
           | expiry.
        
           | deergomoo wrote:
           | I believe the way these "by request only" entitlements work
           | is that the OS locks you out of the functionality entirely if
           | you don't hold them.
        
         | captainmuon wrote:
         | Well, no. Legally you do own the device with all it's
         | molecules. It is just a limited, damaged device.
         | 
         | This is one of thoses cases where I agree with the free market
         | people that competition is good. If there were more companies
         | that made Apple devices, then you would be able to buy a non-
         | defective Apple device, too.
         | 
         | And: In a rational society, I could just download the source
         | code and make the change myself. Actually, in a rational
         | society the people that make the computers would not be
         | incentivized to artifically restrict them!
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | And only if he wants to publish it in the store; with a
         | developer certificate he can install his own app on his own
         | device whenever he pleases.
         | 
         | But if you make something for the world at large, you should
         | stick to the rules. They're not unreasonable, and they are one
         | reason why iOS devices are some of the most secure devices out
         | there.
        
         | ricardobeat wrote:
         | Your argument gets us nowhere. Because we accept the control
         | Apple currently has, we are entitled to nothing and should
         | accept any arbitrary change? No, that's not how it works. We
         | accept the walled garden in a mutually beneficial exchange.
        
           | yholio wrote:
           | > Because we accept the control Apple currently has, we are
           | entitled to nothing and should accept any arbitrary change?
           | 
           | Nothing has changed, Apple maintained full control all the
           | time. You have absolutely no power in this matter and no
           | rights, you are simply a revenue source, the only thing you
           | can do is cease supplying money to Apple.
           | 
           | I fully support Apple remote bricking all hardware past a
           | certain age to drive the sales of newer models. It's just a
           | matter of time until you will start to see phones with "3
           | years limited software support". Once the 3 years are done, a
           | splashscreen appears warning you that the device is no longer
           | supported and insecure, thus unusable.
        
           | veeti wrote:
           | I think you're a little confused about the role of a peasant
           | in a dictatorship.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | jb1991 wrote:
         | > That's funny, he believes he owns an Apple device. Sorry, no.
         | Apple locks down the device with strong crypto and rents you
         | limited permissions, they sell a computing service, not a
         | device. Apple are the only ones who get to say what code
         | ultimately runs on their hardware.
         | 
         | If you buy a car, is it your car? You very possibly cannot do
         | things with it independently, on your own, without manufacturer
         | involvement or without voiding any warranties you have. The
         | same idea extends to many things. I'm defending Apple here, but
         | this idea that it's not your own device is silly IMO.
         | 
         | (prediction: I'll probably get downvoted)
        
           | jameshart wrote:
           | More to the point, with a car if you modify it you may very
           | well render it illegal to operate on a public highway. Same
           | can certainly apply to a phone's use of the cell network.
        
           | leshenka wrote:
           | I'm very fine with voiding my warranty when doing
           | modifications to the system, but all I want is to run custom
           | software in the userspace (at least). That's how computers
           | work and Apple wants us to consider their devices
           | computers[0].
           | 
           | Some people might want to have full access to the OS, but
           | allowing custom software in the userspace would still be a
           | huge step and enough for most people.
           | 
           | p.s. It's hard to compare a computing device to a car because
           | what's an equivalent of usespace in car? Changing oil?
           | Changing tires? You can do it yourself, you can even change
           | spark plugs, without voiding your warranty.
           | 
           | 0: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pI-iJcC9JUc
        
           | nullwarp wrote:
           | I'm not really sure I follow this logic as when you buy a car
           | you can do whatever you want to it without effecting the
           | warranty as proven by the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act of 1975
           | which states that only if the modification is directly
           | responsible for the issue could it be grounds to not service
           | under warranty.
        
             | skydhash wrote:
             | I heard you cannot remove the seatbelt.
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | Yes, but if you do remove the seatbelt that does not void
               | the warranty on the engine.
        
             | jb1991 wrote:
             | What if you mess around with, say, the OS on a Tesla?
             | 
             | My argument is not about cars, really, it's just a point
             | I'm trying to make.
        
               | belorn wrote:
               | The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act of 1975 was likely created
               | for a reason. If the same reason is valid for modifying
               | the OS on a Tesla, then either the law still apply or the
               | law need to be updated to include the words "also valid
               | if done in software".
        
               | H1Supreme wrote:
               | If it doesn't cause an accident, I don't see the issue.
               | I'd love to hack on a Tesla OS.
        
         | tzs wrote:
         | You are confusing the hardware with the software.
         | 
         | You own the hardware. You license but do not own the software
         | (as is the case with almost all software nowadays, including
         | FOSS software). If the software from Apple is not to your
         | liking, jailbreak the hardware and install software that is
         | more to your liking.
         | 
         | This might take some effort as newer releases of Apple software
         | are harder to jailbreak so you might have to stop installing
         | new Apple OS releases to give the jailbreaks a chance to catch
         | up to what is on your phone.
        
         | SkyMarshal wrote:
         | _> and you are responsible for recycling the outdated hardware
         | instead of returning it to the owner._
         | 
         | I grokked everything up to this comment. Apple has extensive
         | trade-in and recycle programs [1],[2]. Or did you mean
         | something else?
         | 
         | [1]:https://www.apple.com/shop/trade-in
         | 
         | [2]:https://www.apple.com/recycling/nationalservices/
        
         | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
         | It's funny - because we ALSO have folks posting on HN upset
         | that things like tiktok want multi-cast permissions / local
         | device discovery.
         | 
         | In particular, the author complains about "prostrating"
         | themselves, when they actually want to write apps that would
         | run on ANY users device that could have relatively serious
         | privacy implications because instead of providing a specific
         | service they want to do a wildcard discovery.
        
         | smichel17 wrote:
         | What galls me about this model is not that it exists, but that
         | companies are allowed to use the words "buy" and "own" in their
         | marketing and contracts around this. The distinction between
         | buying and renting a house, or buying and leasing a car, is
         | well understood. But when it comes to renting a console or a
         | license to a piece of music, we use the same words as for
         | ownership. Maybe we need a new word to describe the "lump sum
         | up front but not for ownership" model.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | Houses are similar really - you need permission to make
           | changes, and are restricted in what you're allowed to do with
           | them. Only difference is it's not a private company with that
           | control.
        
             | acomjean wrote:
             | However houses don't become essentially unsupported and
             | obsolete at the whim of some other entity.
             | 
             | A locked down phone without software updates will soon
             | become not practical to keep using.
        
               | jounker wrote:
               | I'm looking at spending 100k to bring a property up to
               | fire code, and possibly rebuilding the floor. Until that
               | happens, I won't be able to move in. So, yes, buildings
               | do become obsolete at the whim of some other entity.
        
               | acomjean wrote:
               | Usually (at least where I live) properties that were at
               | code in maintain that status through "grandfathering"
               | even if the code changes.
               | 
               | We have an old elevator in my building. It gets inspected
               | year to year. If replaced it has to be up to code. A new
               | up to code elevator, won't physically fit in the space
               | the old one is). We're also in a "historic" district
               | which is another entity of denial.
               | 
               | You are right that upgrades can become a nightmare of
               | codes/regulations. At least in the US these entities are
               | controlled by a government we in theory elect so its at
               | least partially our fault. Also at least in the US, when
               | the government "takes" or changes a rule that destroys
               | value, there is always the threat of a lawsuit for the
               | value destroyed.
        
               | JohnWhigham wrote:
               | Good point, but at least with a government, if you pay
               | taxes there's usually at least some recourse and a
               | potential to get things changed. With a private company,
               | you're almost always told to go pound sand.
        
               | Plyphon_ wrote:
               | Following the Grenfell disaster in London, flats up and
               | down the country have been valued at PS0 and are thus
               | unmortgagable due to their use of cladding material that
               | no longer is deemed safe.
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/money/2019/nov/02/after-
               | grenfell...
        
             | smichel17 wrote:
             | It's not just "a" private company, it's _the_ private
             | company which sold you the device.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | If that's all that bothers you, they can simply never use
           | those words. "The NEW XphoneY is just $699!" -- doesn't say
           | "buy".
        
           | yholio wrote:
           | Maybe someone can mount a legal challenge and establish case
           | law. Document the whole buying process, copious advertising
           | where Apple says you can purchase the device, then request
           | the unlock code from Apple to run custom software.
           | 
           | If they refuse to provide it for purely commercial reasons
           | despite having full technical ability to do so, you might
           | have a case that you were misled into purchasing a
           | subscription service. Ideally, you would find some advertised
           | capability that is only enabled for apps sold though the App
           | Store, a hidden subscription fee especially considering its
           | onerous value.
        
             | DaiPlusPlus wrote:
             | Currently in progress:
             | https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/23/22399008/apple-lawsuit-
             | ov...
             | 
             | As much as I want the court to decide that "buy" cannot
             | mean anything less than "indefinite and irrevocable
             | license" I'm expecting the judge to decide the case in
             | Apple's favour on the basis that consumer expectations have
             | changed over the past 15 and that no "reasonable person"
             | would expect a $15 impulse-buy of an intangible product to
             | _last_. After all, you may have your VHS tapes from K-Mart
             | you bought 30 years ago, but can you actually watch them?
             | And you are "buying" a license to DRM'd content after-all
             | and "buy" isn't legally defined that way (Yes, I recognise
             | it's a terrible argument, just playing Devils' advocate)
             | 
             | ...or Apple will just change "Buy" to "Get" and it won't
             | make a difference to their bottom-line at all. I'll bet
             | that Apple's profits - or even revenues - from purchases on
             | iTMS for movies and TV shows are a rounding error compared
             | to AppleTV+ subscriptions - and iPhone hardware sales, of
             | course.
        
               | TechBro8615 wrote:
               | > After all, you may have your VHS tapes from K-Mart you
               | bought 30 years ago, but can you actually watch them
               | 
               | I can't tell if this is sarcasm or just a bad example.
               | Yes, you can still watch VHS tapes, since they're
               | physical media that can be decoded by a VHS playback
               | device. You might have trouble finding the hardware, but
               | if you have the hardware, it will still run - it's not
               | going to require a software update.
        
               | DaiPlusPlus wrote:
               | > I can't tell if this is sarcasm or just a bad example
               | 
               | A bad example given HN's audience - but I imagine of most
               | normal-people, the majority of those with a VCR will have
               | left it in the attic or basement and never bothered to
               | connect it to their modern LCD TV. If it was a home-video
               | camcorder vid then it's likely already converted to DVD
               | if it's worth preserving.
        
               | smichel17 wrote:
               | Well, that's the difference, isn't it? People were able
               | to convert their VHS to DVD. Doing that for DRM would be
               | impractical and/or illegal.
        
               | christophilus wrote:
               | My guess is that Apple will say: "You're free to root it
               | and do what you want, but we don't cover that with a
               | warranty."
               | 
               | In that sense, you do own an Apple product. But if you
               | want to stay in their nice little walled garden, that
               | ownership is more like buying a house that comes with a
               | benevolent dictatorship HSA.
        
               | DaiPlusPlus wrote:
               | Apple will never publicly admit to the possibility of
               | rooting their devices, especially not to allow bypassing
               | DRM: they'd lose all their friends in Hollywood
               | overnight.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | Disney is an enormous company, owning pretty much
               | everything in the media world, dwarfing other hollywood
               | companies.
               | 
               | It has a Market Cap of $320b, way bigger than Sony, Time
               | Warner, Viacom and MGM put together.
               | 
               | Apple on the other hand is worth about 7 times as much as
               | Disney.
        
               | hermitdev wrote:
               | Yes, but a non-insignificant portion of their revenue
               | comes from content from third-party media companies. They
               | very much have an incentive to play ball with the likes
               | of Disney & Sony, despite having the upper hand in terms
               | of market cap.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | Or they could buy Disney and a couple of others
        
           | microtherion wrote:
           | Would you object to the use of the word "buy" for the
           | purchase of a house if there is a homeowner's association
           | around that can restrict how you paint your house, how often
           | you mow your lawn, or whether you can hang laundry outside?
        
             | lostcolony wrote:
             | If my Apple purchase gives me an equal level of control in
             | Apple's policies as every other holder of an Apple device,
             | such that it only requires a majority of votes cast to
             | change any of those policies, then no.
             | 
             | If my purchase of a home meant I had no participatory
             | rights in the HoA, and they can still change the rules at
             | any time on me, and didn't have to disclose in plain
             | language the existing ones upfront, then yes.
        
           | iso1210 wrote:
           | > The distinction between buying and renting a house, or
           | buying and leasing a car
           | 
           | In the UK you can buy a freehold house for PS250k and that's
           | it. Or you can rent one for PS800 a month, although that
           | confers certain rights. But between those two, you can buy a
           | leasehold house, which has obligations to pay a ground rent.
           | You can buy a freehold house where you are obligated to pay a
           | management company to maintain common areas.
           | 
           | "Buy" and "Rent" are certainly not clear cut.
           | 
           | With a car, I can rent a car from Hertz, or I can buy one for
           | cash, or I can lease one, or I can buy one with a loan
           | payment secured against the car, again there's no clear line
           | between "buy" and "rent"
        
             | smichel17 wrote:
             | The main difference between each of those scenarios and the
             | one I describe is that _we have words to describe them._
             | From your post: freehold, leasehold, buy, rent, loan (and I
             | 'll add: mortgage). You don't need to read the fine print
             | to know that these are meaningfully different.
             | 
             | I'm on board with the idea that there's a lot of
             | arrangements in between full ownership and pure rental, as
             | long as we have terms to describe the meaningful
             | differences.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | There's a big difference between freehold on a new build
               | estate and freehold on an older house, the former has
               | various conditions attached.
               | 
               | But in all these cases we use the word "buy" to buy the
               | car or house, just like we use the word "buy" to take in
               | posession of a slab of electronics
        
             | fennecfoxy wrote:
             | Freehold for PS250k made me laugh! But mostly cry. Salty,
             | salty millenial tears.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | Literally bought my house for PS250k, completed 11 days
               | ago. Sold previous house for PS240k a few minutes
               | earlier.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | But those various ownership models aren't buried behind
             | 100s pages of EULAs. Or, when they are, you hire a lawyer
             | to represent your interests in the purchase.
        
               | SigmundA wrote:
               | Never dealt with code enforcement or a home owners
               | association eh?
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | You seem to have missed the last half of my comment.
               | 
               | And completely missed the main point - buying/owning a
               | house can be complicated, so we frequently involve
               | lawyers to represent our interests.
               | 
               | Buying a phone shouldn't be so complicated. But, not only
               | are EULAs overly long, they're often written in legalese
               | which is beyond the comprehension of the average person.
        
             | mikro2nd wrote:
             | The dividing line between "buy" and "rent" can be as clear-
             | cut as you like, or as much a grey-zone continuum as you
             | like _as long as it is spelled out clearly up front to the
             | buyer_.
             | 
             | The problem is not that there are gradations of
             | "ownership". The problem is that Apple (and many others)
             | conflate the terms and deliberately obfuscate exactly what
             | your rights are when you "buy".
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | tialaramex wrote:
             | Leasehold houses are a crazy idea and the government should
             | certainly have stepped in early as developers began selling
             | the freehold (and thus the entitlement to receive ground
             | rent _indefinitely_ ) as an investment. Historically most
             | of these leases were "peppercorn rent" which means they had
             | some notional requirement of rent to be paid, but you were
             | not in fact expected to pay rent. But legally _any_
             | consideration works, so if you can charge a peppercorn (as
             | a legal fiction to make this a contractual arrangement
             | between freeholder and leaseholder since cutting up the
             | freehold was for whatever reason impossible) you can charge
             | PS250 per year. Or PS1000 per year...
             | 
             | Because the government didn't step in early and say "Oh,
             | that's just an obsolete feature, you can't do that with it,
             | we'll remove it" and pass legislation in say 2005 to set
             | the maximum ground rent at a notional PS1, the "investors"
             | got bolder. They added escalator clauses, after all PS1000
             | per year is a nice earner today, but it won't be much in a
             | hundred years, so let's say it doubles every 25 years to
             | account for likely inflation plus some profit.
             | 
             | Actually wait, the idiots are still buying them, let's say
             | it doubles every _10_ years.
             | 
             | And next thing you know, some of the people who "own" a
             | house are paying almost as much rent as people who don't
             | "own" a house, oops.
             | 
             | Funny that the property owning, rich investor classes in
             | the Tory party don't seem to be in a big hurry to actually
             | fix this, although they do say it's a "Priority" (like
             | everything else) when confronted. I wonder how much money
             | Rishi earns every day from this "mistake" that he never got
             | around to doing anything about as chancellor for example...
        
               | mathewsanders wrote:
               | Never heard of peppercorn rent until reading your
               | comment- as a nice coincidence I was reading a Reddit
               | thread on weird NYC trivia that included a link out to
               | this article of the Queen visiting NYC in 1970s to
               | collect 279 years worth of back rent for Trinity Church
               | (which was literally 279 peppercorns)
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/1976/07/10/archives/queen-warmly-
               | rec...
        
             | zabatuvajdka wrote:
             | I think there is because "rent" and "lease" implies your
             | intent is to stay there short-term. "Buy" says you
             | literally are buying the home whether it's with your money
             | or someone else's via some mortgage terms.
             | 
             | With an Apple device it certainly is muddy waters because
             | you purchase hardware while simultaneously in some weird
             | lease agreement for the software.
             | 
             | I guess it's like buying a house in a gated community with
             | very strict home owners association. You can purchase the
             | house but if you want to put a new door on it you gotta go
             | through the motions to ultimately get denied the color you
             | want, etc.
             | 
             | And if Apple was the association they'd have a neighborhood
             | watch ensuring 8PM curfews.
        
               | IanCal wrote:
               | > . "Buy" says you literally are buying the home
               | 
               | As they said, with leasehold or some things with freehold
               | it's not quite so simple.
               | 
               | I used to have a leasehold house, which I "bought" but
               | also sort of rented, or at least rented-ish the land
               | while owning-ish what was within the bricks.
               | 
               | I have a freehold house now, but there are restrictive
               | covenants which technically govern what I am allowed to
               | do to my own property (these are not council/etc
               | permissions but private ones).
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | Indeed, until recently I lived in a freehold house which
               | had a covenant saying my hedge could be no higher than 4'
               | high, couldn't change the colour of my front door,
               | couldn't park a van on my drive, that I had to pay a
               | specified private company money each year to do various
               | things, with no say over that company.
               | 
               | The term "buy", at least in the UK when it comes to
               | housing, is a sliding scale.
        
               | anticristi wrote:
               | I nominate Sweden to be the weirdest country when it
               | comes to housing ownership.
               | 
               | When buying a flat or a non-detached house, you usually
               | fall into an ownership law called "bostadsratt". In
               | essence, you don't buy a house. You buy stocks in a
               | housing association, which grant you the right to use the
               | chosen flat/house. The housing association is pretty much
               | run like a company, with a yearly board meeting, a CEO, a
               | CFO, etc. Your ownership is proportional to the surface
               | area you bought.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | It's not much different in the US. Leasehold arrangements
               | are less common, but still possible, particularly when
               | dealing with "mobile" homes (that generally aren't mobile
               | at all once placed).
        
               | smichel17 wrote:
               | In a home owner's association, the home owners are part
               | of the association. You have to play by the rules, but
               | you are also part of the body that _makes_ the rules.
               | 
               | In this case, the party setting the rules is more like
               | the rich person who originally built and "sold" the
               | houses (but still enforces curfew, and changes the rules
               | whenever they feel like it).
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | > I guess it's like buying a house in a gated community
               | with very strict home owners association
               | 
               | So it _is_ buying then.
        
               | beardyw wrote:
               | When the lease runs out it reverts to the freeholder,
               | though often after a considerable period of time. So not
               | owned forever.
        
           | jameshart wrote:
           | This is based on a nonsensical idea of what 'ownership'
           | allows you to do.
           | 
           | When you buy a phone, you definitely own all the atoms in it.
           | You can take it apart and use the bits to make jewelry. You
           | can take all the phones you have and assemble them into a
           | piece of wall art. Apple has no say in what you do with the
           | object.
           | 
           | But your belief that physical ownership of the object should
           | mean you can make it do anything you want is... bounded by
           | your actual capability to do so.
           | 
           | You can probably extract some of the parts of your phone and
           | reuse them - maybe with care and patience you could figure
           | out how to use the screen, or the battery, or the camera as
           | part of another device. Again, not something Apple can stop
           | you doing.
           | 
           | But expecting to be able to use a device to do something you
           | want to merely because you know the potential to do so is
           | inside is an unrealistic expectation. A cotton t-shirt might
           | contain enough thread to be able to be woven into a pair of
           | shorts, but you can't complain to the manufacturer that the
           | way they made the t-shirt makes it hard for you to turn it
           | into shorts. They sold it to you in a useful, valuable
           | configuration. They're not obligated to make it easy for you
           | to reconfigure it to your will.
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | Messing with the software, to this day, is also allowed as
             | you own the device. The only thing stopping OP is their own
             | technical skills/the publicly available tools that allow
             | modification of the code in the right way (as in:
             | jailbreaking is still legal, but Apple has the right to put
             | barriers in the way of it for security reasons).
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | Right - if you ripped the ROM chip off and replaced it
               | with your own ROM containing your own OS and drivers for
               | all the hardware you could make the hardware do anything
               | it's physically capable of accomplishing. And Apple would
               | have no legal recourse.
               | 
               | The fact that that is an extremely complicated thing to
               | do is _not apple's problem_.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | I agree with you - As long as the barrier is _genuinely_
               | complexity.
               | 
               | My issue is that Apple (and many other manufacturers,
               | this isn't really Apple specific) add complexity _solely_
               | to act as digital locks on what is otherwise a fairly
               | obvious and achievable task.
               | 
               | Take your ROM example - Why should I even need to rip it
               | off and replace it? I know damn well how to flash ROM. I
               | have the software tools available. I have the image file
               | with all the drivers I need/want. The only thing stopping
               | me is digital locks in the device.
               | 
               | Are the locks themselves evil? No, clearly not - I lock
               | my house when I leave, and I'll probably leave my phone
               | locked most times too.
               | 
               | Are the locks evil if I don't own a key? Pretty clearly
               | yes.
               | 
               | Can I rip the whole device apart, interface directly with
               | the ROM, and flash it? Probably - assuming I buy some
               | much more expensive hardware. But that sorta defeats the
               | point of having the device, yes?
               | 
               | Just like it's not reasonable to sell me a car without a
               | key.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | - Congratulations - you own this brand new car you just
               | bought!
               | 
               | - Great! Thank you so much, can I have the keys to drive
               | it now?
               | 
               | - No, no... of course not. When you want to drive it, you
               | phone us up, and we come unlock and start it for you
               | 
               | - Wait... what? That's bullshit - I just bought this car!
               | 
               | - Well, you're welcome to break a window and hotwire it
               | to drive it. But do be aware we'll report this as theft
               | to the police, and depending on what you tinker with we
               | might also throw the DMCA at you
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | It's not a car without a key, though, is it? It's more
               | like a car with a factory-installed speed limiter, which
               | the manufacturer is not obliged to help you remove or
               | disable... and which, in fact, the manufacturer has good
               | reasons for needing to make it hard to disable.
               | 
               | - I just want to be able to drive MY car as fast as I
               | like!
               | 
               | - okay, but the trouble is the way this car works, if we
               | give you the ability to disable the speed limiter,
               | there's literally no way we can do that that doesn't also
               | open up the possibility that when you turn on the radio,
               | the radio station might broadcast an ad that causes an
               | uncontrolled acceleration.
               | 
               | - that's a stupid way to design a car
               | 
               | - well yes, but this is an analogy car, not a real car.
               | The real system in question is a turing-complete
               | networked device designed to run arbitrary third-party
               | software, so... the analogy is going to be slightly
               | flawed.
               | 
               | And no, Apple isn't going to report a theft if you
               | physically damage your phone, nor are they going to have
               | a DMCA complaint if you hack your own phone in ways that
               | let you change the way the software on it behaves (you
               | might run into DMCS issues if you try to distribute tools
               | to help other people do that, which is... definitely
               | dubious, but that's what the law says; it doesn't have a
               | great deal to do with _this_ case of the Apple
               | restrictions on which software the OS trusts to use its
               | multicast API, though.)
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | - okay, but the trouble is the way this car works, if we
               | give you the ability to disable the speed limiter,
               | there's literally no way we can do that that doesn't also
               | open up the possibility that when you turn on the radio,
               | the radio station might broadcast an ad that causes an
               | uncontrolled acceleration.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | This - this piece here is the fallacy in your argument.
               | There absolutely are ways to do this. Matter of fact,
               | Apple themselves have a nice little set of digital keys
               | that lets them turn all these locks off as they please.
               | 
               | So the argument is not "We have no way to do this safely"
               | it's "We don't believe _you_ (the owner of the damn
               | device) can be trusted to do this safely. "
               | 
               | Which brings me right back to - you don't own the damn
               | thing.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | Your car analogy sounds a lot like Tesla with phone-as-
               | key, and last I checked Tesla sold 500k of those last
               | year and are on track to sell 800k this year. People have
               | been locked out of their Teslas when their phone is dead
               | and they didn't bring a physical key with them.
               | 
               | Apple adds these arbitrary digital locks since they
               | protect against the threat model of physical access,
               | whether that be an attack thanks to leaving the phone
               | unlocked or giving your passcode to your friend to use
               | for a while. This is all in disregardless of whether or
               | not the customer actually has this as part of their
               | personal threat model.
        
               | 6yyyyyy wrote:
               | >are on track to sell 800k this year
               | 
               | Zero of which will be bought by me.
               | 
               | >Apple adds these arbitrary digital locks since they
               | protect against the threat model of physical access
               | 
               | Apple can add as many arbitrary digital locks as they
               | want. The problem is that _they_ keep the key instead of
               | giving it to the user.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | My point is that, Short of an actual physical key, by
               | giving the user the key, they give everyone the key to do
               | this to any iPhone in their possession, regardless of
               | ownership. Any regulatory change shouldn't nullify Find
               | My iPhone protections to the point that theft of iPhones
               | becomes lucrative again.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | > they didn't bring a physical key with them.
               | 
               | Which they still own and have.
               | 
               | Adding an optional "You phone us and we can unlock your
               | car with a copy of your key" is fine by me. As long as I
               | still have the fucking key.
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | For the second part - The security boogey man is not a
               | compelling argument to give up ownership rights and enter
               | digital serfdom where you only own a device if you use it
               | in the way the manufacturer intends and approves of.
               | 
               | I'm not asking them to stop selling devices with locks.
               | Hell, I'm even fine with them keeping a copy of the keys
               | (which they have right now). I'm just saying: As the
               | _owner_ of a computer, I deserve to have a copy of the
               | fucking keys that make it work.
        
             | wyager wrote:
             | > But your belief that physical ownership of the object
             | should mean you can make it do anything you want is...
             | bounded by your actual capability to do so.
             | 
             | No object should ever actively, uncompromisingly preclude
             | me from using it to do something of which it is capable.
             | Objects can _suggest_ I take a certain course of action,
             | but ultimately they must follow my instructions without
             | trying to impede me. Any other way and I don't truly own
             | the object.
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | The object of your iPhone will absolutely not impede you
               | in any way from using its antenna to transmit a multicast
               | IP packet on a WiFi network.
               | 
               | It is up to you to figure out how to get the electrons in
               | the antenna to wiggle in the appropriate manner to make
               | that happen, but there are absolutely no constraints
               | preventing you, as the owner of said iPhone, from doing
               | so.
        
             | kevin_b_er wrote:
             | This is incorrect! If you rearrange certain atoms in ways
             | not approved, you are in violation of 17 U.S.C. SS 1201. If
             | this improves your financial standing, you have committed a
             | crime under 17 U.S. Code SS 1204 and are subject to not
             | more than $500000 or 5 years in prison.
             | 
             | Under the DMCA, if you rearrange the atoms or attempt to
             | describe how to rearrange the atoms in a way not approved
             | by the phone manufacturer, you are a criminal.
             | 
             | Copyright, and in particular the DMCA, has superseded your
             | ownership of the atoms. You must do with them as the true
             | owner of the atoms (Apple for example) permits.
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | If you rearrange the atoms into your neighbor's head you
               | violate a bunch of laws as well. Owning an object
               | certainly doesn't immunize you from your obligations to
               | use it in ways that comply with the law.
        
             | joshstrange wrote:
             | There is always a point at which you don't control the
             | stack, that's been the case for decades now. Just look at
             | the CPU and how you can't change the code that interprets
             | microcode (I think I'm using that term right) or, even more
             | insidious, the Intel ME. Yes, Apple has moved their control
             | up the stack but some people pretend the world was an open
             | source utopia before Apple created the iPhone. As someone
             | who has to provide tech support to my family/friends I can
             | tell you I couldn't be happier that they can't screw up
             | their phones like they do their computers.
        
               | 6yyyyyy wrote:
               | This is also a bad thing.
        
             | happymellon wrote:
             | This would make sense if I had the tools to unweave and
             | reweave a t-shirt but the manufacturer has added additional
             | wire in a cross pattern to specifically prevent this.
             | 
             | Apple actively design their products to not allow you to
             | reconfigure them even if you have the tooling. The shirt
             | manufacturers do not prevent me from taking a old shirt and
             | making oil rags from the fabric.
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | Well in this case, Apple make a 'tool' that lets you send
               | multicast packets (it's actually built in to the device,
               | but it's behind a lock) - and they will even give you the
               | key to unlock that tool and instructions for how to use
               | it if you apply through a form on their website!
               | 
               | That doesn't seem quite so evil, does it?
        
               | Ajedi32 wrote:
               | If not for your replies elsewhere in this thread I'd
               | assume you were being sarcastic.
               | 
               | Yes, a device manufacturer putting locks on _my_ device
               | that I can only open by  "apply[ing] through a form on
               | their website" does seem pretty evil to me.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | If I own the device, why does it have a lock to which I
               | do not have a fucking key?
               | 
               | "I sold him the car, officer! I just refuse to give him
               | the keys to actually start it."
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | If you bought a car without a key it would still be
               | yours.
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | Because the main usecase of the device is running
               | software written by third parties and if that tool was
               | left unlocked occasionally that third party software
               | would hack into your home router.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | I don't mind the _lock_. I mind that it 's a lock to
               | which I don't have the fucking key.
               | 
               | I understand the risks of allowing local network access,
               | I'd like to unlock the lock.
               | 
               | Why does apple still have control to say no?
        
               | underdeserver wrote:
               | I mean, you sort of do, don't you? You don't need to go
               | through this to get the entitlement for a dev build that
               | you put on your phone.
        
               | MobiusHorizons wrote:
               | According to apple's explanation page [1] (near the
               | middle) you can only run on the simulator without the
               | entitlement.
               | 
               | > Note: You can test your app using the iOS and iPadOS
               | simulators without an active entitlement, but using
               | multicast and broadcast networking on physical hardware
               | requires the entitlement.
               | 
               | [1] https://developer.apple.com/news/?id=0oi77447
        
               | jameshart wrote:
               | You actually can unlock it - just get an app written by a
               | trusted developer that uses the multicast functionality,
               | and you can use your phone to transmit the multicast
               | traffic that app generates.
               | 
               | You're free to access that functionality of your device,
               | using software that uses it responsibly.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | > using software that uses it responsibly.
               | 
               | So using it solely in ways Apple approves of - Since
               | they're the arbiter of "responsible" here.
               | 
               | So how do I own this device again?
               | 
               | Who the fuck is Apple to tell me what responsible use
               | looks like on a device that I own, on a network that I
               | own, in my own damn home.
        
             | anticristi wrote:
             | I would take the analogy even further. While you may
             | physically have the capability to do as you please with the
             | house you own, you do not have the legal permission to do
             | so. The exterior is heavily regulated by city landscaping
             | regulations. The interior structure is heavily regulated by
             | building codes. Mess with wiring and you can say goodbye to
             | your electricity grid connection. Mess with pipes and no
             | insurance will cover you.
             | 
             | Similarly, I own a car. Can I take off the seat belts?
             | Physically, yes. But legally, a vehicle without a seat
             | belts is no longer a car and I lose the right to enjoy
             | driving it on public roads.
             | 
             | Ownership was never about physical possession. It's about
             | gaining some rights.
             | 
             | Back to phones, the challenge is to demarcate what rights
             | does an owner get when they buy a phone. To side with Epic
             | Games, the discussion is even more complicated by Apple's
             | (purposeful) confusion of owning a phone with having access
             | to an ecosystem of apps for that phone. I can do whatever I
             | am capable of with my iPhone, but I may lose access to the
             | ecosystem of apps.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | This doesn't hold _at all_.
               | 
               | You not being allowed to drive a car without seat belts
               | has _nothing_ to do with the car, and everything to do
               | with the road.
               | 
               | You own the car. You share the road.
               | 
               | You can drive that car anywhere you want with permission
               | from the owners, you just can't _share_ the road we all
               | paid for together unless you put on a god-damned seat
               | belt so that John the EMT doesn 't have to see the 4th
               | smeared human body on the _shared_ road this week when
               | you crash it.
        
               | kemayo wrote:
               | It's not awful for this _specific_ entitlement, as we
               | could say  "you own the phone, you share the network".
               | 
               | (You might own some networks. But you also might own some
               | roads. We'd stretch the analogy to your home WiFi being
               | akin to your driveway, I guess.)
        
               | 6yyyyyy wrote:
               | Apple doesn't own the network.
        
               | kemayo wrote:
               | Honda doesn't own the roads.
        
             | Hackbraten wrote:
             | That t-shirt analogy feels a little stretchy to me. The
             | configuration option used to exist. All iPhone developers
             | were able to use it. Now Apple is revoking that permission.
             | That's hardly "reconfiguring to our will."
        
           | pulse7 wrote:
           | In reality they are misusing the words "buy" and "own" to
           | make sales... If they would talk about "rents" in marketing,
           | sales would drop... So they are "bending the truth" to make
           | sales...
        
         | inopinatus wrote:
         | I don't believe the author is under any such illusion or
         | confusion. It seems clear from the precisely worded text of the
         | article that he's perfectly aware of the circumstances, doesn't
         | like them, and is willing to articulate that in public with a
         | specific example.
         | 
         | By all means throw shade at Apple for tripping on a power
         | complex that puts Battersea to shame, but insulting this
         | writer's awareness doesn't fly. They are not such a fool as
         | suggested.
        
         | andrekandre wrote:
         | > they sell a computing service
         | 
         | if anything its becoming more like "consumption" service than
         | "computing"
        
         | thomasahle wrote:
         | > The confusion is common due to the specific way the lease
         | agreement is structured
         | 
         | Also the button on apple.com says "Buy now" not "Rent now".
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | It's the same model that has been the mainstream for games
         | consoles and mobile games platforms for decades. iOS devices
         | are pretty well locked down pro/consumer products that come
         | with a managed application distribution system. If that's not
         | what you want, there are other options.
         | 
         | It seems to me that if Apple had no more than 10% of the mobile
         | market anywhere this just wouldn't be an issue. If that's what
         | some people wanted, fine, they could get it. The reason it's a
         | problem is, as it turns out, this model works really well for a
         | lot of people and is fantastically popular.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | There are no options - there are no longer any mobile devices
           | you actually own and control. The right to private property
           | has been cancelled by, ironically, free market extremists.
        
             | yholio wrote:
             | At least with Android, you have the option to install
             | external APKs, as cumbersome as that is.
        
               | vbezhenar wrote:
               | Also you can install AOSP which is open source android
               | operating system on some devices. And some other open
               | source Android flavours. Yes, may be with few driver
               | blobs, but that's not a restriction, you still can do
               | anything with your device on every level.
        
               | contravariant wrote:
               | Well and at least some suppliers offer you the option to
               | install your own OS on it. At which point any
               | restrictions the phone has are at least _technically_
               | self-imposed.
        
               | techrat wrote:
               | 7 steps isn't cumbersome.
               | 
               | -- 1) Open Chrome.
               | 
               | -- 2) Find and Download APK.
               | https://i.imgur.com/ZFZb1uE.png
               | 
               | -- 3) Accept warning and Open APK.
               | 
               | -- 4) Go to settings. (This only has to be done once)
               | https://i.imgur.com/R8FzTzP.png
               | 
               | -- 5) Toggle Install Unknown Apps for Chrome. (This only
               | has to be done once) https://i.imgur.com/K0ADO2q.png
               | 
               | -- 6) Click back (This only has to be done once)
               | 
               | -- 7) Click install. https://i.imgur.com/xVSndex.png
               | 
               | -- Done. https://i.imgur.com/fyasTK9.png
               | 
               | Once you do this for the first time, the process reduces
               | down to 4 steps each time after: Open Chrome, Download
               | APK, Open APK, Click Install. Done.
        
               | throw0101a wrote:
               | -- 8) Wait for a call from Aunt Susan after she installs
               | some malware that told her it would boost her cell
               | signal. :)
               | 
               | * https://www.kaspersky.com/blog/infected-apkpure/39273/
        
               | 10000truths wrote:
               | God forbid we hold users responsible for exercising due
               | diligence. No, we must assume everyone is too incompetent
               | to distinguish between shady and legit software.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Proffeshionals can't distinguish vulnerabilities in their
               | own fucking software, so we have no right to blame the
               | users.
        
               | throw0101a wrote:
               | > _No, we must assume everyone is too incompetent to
               | distinguish between shady and legit software._
               | 
               | As someone who has worked retail in the past, and who
               | currently works in IT: starting with this assumption
               | generally minimizes headaches down the road.
               | 
               | There are only so many hours in the day: people learn
               | what they need to get their job done, and tend to move
               | on. Some people are quite dim, but others don't have the
               | time/energy/motivation/need to learn the details.
        
               | spideymans wrote:
               | I think us enthusiasts tend to lose sight of the fact
               | that most people don't care to learn about how their
               | computers work, just like how most people don't care to
               | learn about how their cars work.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | Every discussion about the average user needs to start
               | with https://xkcd.com/2501 to put yourself in the right
               | mindset.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And pretty much _no one_ understands to any significant
               | depth _all_ or probably even most of the technology they
               | interact with every day.
        
               | MisterTea wrote:
               | First rule of IT club is you DONT TELL AUNT SUSUAN ABOUT
               | THIS METHOD!
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | fartcannon wrote:
               | It used to be grandma. Because of grandma (and Aunt
               | Susan), future generations of children will never have
               | the freedom we had growing up.
        
               | simion314 wrote:
               | Is not like the Google and Apple stored are not filled
               | with garbage, it was recently revealed that Apple refused
               | to notify the users that got infected from their "safe"
               | store.
               | 
               | About Aunt Susan , you could have the device locked by
               | default and have a more complex process to root the
               | device, like some code/password that is in the box of the
               | device, in that envelope Apple PR team could inform Aunt
               | Susan that she should not do this unless she is tech
               | competent or a communist.
        
               | narrator wrote:
               | Seems like you could copy paste this into every single
               | "complaining about Apple" thread on Hacker News for the
               | last few years. That people think that Android doesn't
               | exist or is exactly the same as Apple, and you can't
               | sideload apps or root at least some devices has become a
               | widely held belief on Hacker News that has to get
               | corrected in every single thread. I count several
               | different comments that are mistaken in this way in this
               | post alone.
        
               | evilDagmar wrote:
               | That's because we don't like telling the people who
               | _need_ to be told that you can sideload apps, because
               | they 're the very same people who will later complain
               | that they downloaded a "Free APK" of Sparkle Monkey
               | Defenders eX from some Chinese app store and now their
               | phone is vomiting up full-screen interstitial ads every
               | few minutes. ...and we're supposed to fix it for them.
        
             | noduerme wrote:
             | That's a rather extremist viewpoint but it does have a nice
             | rhyme to it.
        
             | sbuttgereit wrote:
             | > The right to private property has been cancelled by,
             | ironically, free market extremists.
             | 
             | This line of argument is frankly incoherent. That many, not
             | all, available mobile devices remain firmly under the
             | control of their makers after purchase is not because some
             | free marketeer (or cabal thereof) foisted these devices
             | onto unwilling recipients. This situation came about
             | because the majority of mobile device users saw the deal on
             | offer and decided they were better off taking it that
             | walking. The real source of the status quo is the average
             | consumer... no matter their ideology. That buyers weigh
             | promises of "Just Works", the status of owning the cool new
             | device that's in fashion, and some guardian supposedly
             | lurking in the background keeping them safe over your own
             | (seemingly apparent) priorities is a matter of each
             | individual choice.
             | 
             | Private property rights haven't been cancelled at all or by
             | anyone. There simply aren't enough people interested in
             | owning devices that they fully control. Insofar as there
             | are few alternatives to the status quo... blame the privacy
             | activists and those clamoring for "full control" for not
             | better convincing the masses that what they're giving up
             | for iOS & Android is more than they're getting by buying
             | these devices. As a free market extremist myself, I
             | guarantee you: if people stop buying these devices because
             | the deal is perceived as bad the situation will change.
             | 
             | Finally, if I try to infer what you might be for (rather
             | than what you're against), which I do because it's the only
             | reason to call out "free market extremists", is that you
             | want a small group of "our betters" to decide what exactly
             | a mobile device should be, over and above all those that
             | find the current deal sufficiently satisfactory. You would
             | have your priorities made the only choice over the
             | interests of the majority of consumers. Ironically,
             | perhaps, you'd eliminate the broader spectrum of choices by
             | forcing what choices were allowed... wanted and valued or
             | not. Naturally, I'm reading a lot into your short
             | comment... but what solution do you really see that isn't a
             | free market extremist position that doesn't come close to
             | what I think you're saying?
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Its so ironic to see 'freedom people' defend a system
               | that would make Stalin green with envy.
               | 
               | "saw the deal on offer and decided they were better off
               | taking it that walking"
               | 
               | The same reasoning applies to loan sharks, drug dealers
               | and mafia. 'Unlimited' free market always degrades into
               | oligopoly or Mafia rule.
               | 
               | "you want a small group of "our betters" to decide what
               | exactly a mobile device should be"
               | 
               | You want that, and you have that- a small group of
               | powerfull men decide to do with your device. Tomorrow
               | your device uodates and startps reporting you to police
               | for speeding, and there is fuck all you can do.
               | 
               | I am not asking for a communist mobile pgone comitee, I
               | am asking for the word ownership to mean something. It's
               | not a difficult concept.
        
             | teekert wrote:
             | PinePhone?
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | I really don't consider myself a free market extremist. I
             | fully support regulation for health and safety reasons,
             | mandatory accurate and informative product descriptions,
             | minimum quality requirements in many areas, consumer
             | protection laws such as minimum warranty periods. There are
             | many areas where it makes sense for us collectively,
             | through our governments, to make sure we as consumers are
             | not getting ripped off and get a fair deal. It's just
             | balancing out the power disparity between vendors and
             | individual customers.
             | 
             | So I am open to arguments for regulating mobile phone
             | platforms, if that proves to be necessary. I just don't
             | think it is, none of the arguments Ive seen so far are
             | compelling. They mostly seem to be sour grapes. "I want to
             | buy X product with P, Q, R features and nobody is making
             | one, we should force them to by law". No, that's not how
             | that works.
        
               | beckman466 wrote:
               | > They mostly seem to be sour grapes. "I want to buy X
               | product with P, Q, R features and nobody is making one,
               | we should force them to by law". No, that's not how that
               | works.
               | 
               | I think it's closer to: I bought a 10% black box (90%
               | open) widget in the 1990s, and now in 2020 that same
               | widget (with a few more functions) is 80% closed. And:
               | why can I no longer use a generic computer for what I
               | want to use it for? We've forgotten that an open
               | distributed learning web is possible, and how instead
               | computer literacy (programming) is very low because most
               | of us can no longer follow our curiosity and look inside
               | technological systems; only 'experts' are allowed to do
               | that (someone wrote about that recently, that whenever he
               | talked to older/earlier computer hobbyists, how most of
               | them mention that they are pretty disappointed by today's
               | black box world/web).
               | 
               | And no they're not 'sour grapes', they're just sensing
               | the painful ways in which the commons has been plundered,
               | and feeling frustrated by the way people such as yourself
               | pretend that there are still many benefits to be found in
               | locked down/black box platforms and devices, which there
               | aren't.
               | 
               | The completely ludicrous part is how normalized all this
               | is today. How much our tools are now over-engineered,
               | non-modular and non-repairable; how much black box shit
               | we produce. Literal shit. Single use shit. Biological
               | systems have no waste, yet our current production systems
               | produce the most toxic, anti-life sludge the world has
               | seen (see Baotou ->
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t_UdqZdFr-w). Today we
               | produce coffee machines that have iPads sitting in a dock
               | with virtual buttons to choose options. An iPad. What the
               | fuck. What is that? Infinitely less complex technology
               | was used to send people to the moon. What a complete and
               | total waste of valuable resources and laborers' time!
               | 
               | I'm talking about how we could have so many more open
               | standards and decide to produce only high quality stuff.
               | But no, our culture teaches us to discredit those who
               | came before and to commoditize tiny incremental updates,
               | slapping our own names on them ('branding') to please our
               | neglected and alienated souls. I'm so tired of this false
               | story of the need for competition. Humans are copying
               | machine. It's ok to copy! It's how we learn and grow.
               | 
               | Anyways, to get closer to a 'universal basic inheritance'
               | - a commons that respects actual scarcity, and thus also
               | the abundance of digital resources (scientific knowledge
               | and technological blueprints), we need a new system for
               | accounting. I believe http://valueflo.ws can offer us a
               | very possible way forward
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vymAHXGSM14: they are
               | radically distributed supply chain systems using the
               | Resource-Event-Agent ontology, built on fully distributed
               | tech, e.g. holochain and activitypub.
               | 
               | To see an exciting future that has been buried yet not
               | forgotten (it's a new Cybersyn documentary):
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJLA2_Ho7X0
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | This is so out of touch with the actual real world it's a
               | bit concerning. There are plenty of open computing
               | platforms kids can learn from these days, and schools are
               | full of them. PCs are still pretty open, Linux is easy to
               | install, Raspberry Pi and similar devices are cheap and
               | accessible. My kids learned about all that stuff at
               | school here in the UK. In most developed countries almost
               | every kid in school gets to learn how to write at least
               | simple programs. I taught my kids Python on their iPads.
               | 
               | >...pretend there are still many benefits to be found in
               | locked down platforms and devices, which there isn't.
               | 
               | Now you're in lala land. People derive enormous benefits
               | from ubiquitous access to easy to use computer technology
               | all the time. They're just not the benefits you
               | personally seem to value or understand.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | "There are plenty of open computing platforms"
               | 
               | And roughly zero of them can make a phonecall, or a
               | contactless payment, or to find directions on the go
               | because they are not portable and internet connected.
        
               | skydhash wrote:
               | All of the areas you mentioned are heavily regulated. And
               | do GPS require internet connection ?
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Yeah, I'm not sure where this incredibly open world of
               | 1999 (to say nothing of 1989 or 1979) existed.
               | 
               | Telephony has always been very closed--fringe phone
               | phreaking notwithstanding. Heck, some of us have been
               | around long enough to remember when you had to rent a
               | phone from a regulated monopoly.
               | 
               | And in the 90s, Windows was mostly your choice in a
               | computer. You could build your own PCs but you mostly had
               | to run Windows. (Linux was still quite early days at that
               | time.)
               | 
               | Access to computing under the hood is much more
               | democratized than it used to be even if the vast majority
               | of people choose to use effectively appliances for
               | certain tasks.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | And, if I recall correctly, in the '90s, you had to pay
               | for developer tools for Windows. (Or Mac, but Windows
               | was, indeed, mostly your choice in a computer.) Today,
               | every mainstream computer shipped--Mac _and_ Windows--has
               | a dizzying variety of free-as-in-beer development
               | environments available for them, many also free-as-in-
               | freedom.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Yes. Developer tools (and consumer software generally)
               | were quite expensive. A typical compiler from Microsoft
               | was hundreds of dollars. (Borland drove pricing down
               | somewhat.) I forget what an MSDN subscription cost but it
               | wasn't cheap.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | > I bought a 10% black box (90% open) widget in the
               | 1990s, and now in 2020 that same widget (with a few more
               | functions) is 80% closed.
               | 
               | My mobile phone in the 90s was certainly not 90% open, it
               | was far less open than my current iphone. I guess it was
               | easier to change the battery, if that's what you mean?
               | Swapping a proprietary battery doesn't count as open in
               | my book.
               | 
               | My desktop computer in the 90s on the other hand was far
               | more closed than my current one.
        
               | SevenSigs wrote:
               | > "I want to buy X product with P, Q, R features and
               | nobody is making one, we should force them to by law".
               | No, that's not how that works.
               | 
               | Not allowing users to have administrator rights is a
               | "feature" that was added... it should not be very hard to
               | disable it.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And, if by mobile, you mean network connected, even if
               | you built your own hardware from components, you still
               | don't own and control the networks (cellular or
               | otherwise) over which that device will communicate.
               | 
               | ADDED: And if it's not obvious from the context, by
               | "network" I mean a network that can communicate with the
               | broader world, not just a LAN.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | I'm not following you. What's to stop you setting up your
               | own local network, entirely under your control?
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | For a LAN: Nothing, but you won't be able to communicate
               | to anyone outside of it. You also won't be able to access
               | it away from wherever you set it up.
               | 
               | For the primary networks at issue here, _cellular_
               | networks: The FCC, and regulations restricting what
               | devices can access which EM frequencies legally.
        
               | throw0101a wrote:
               | Nit: it is possible to build a private LTE/5G network if
               | you use appropriate spectrum reserved for that purpose:
               | 
               | * https://www.sierrawireless.com/iot-blog/what-are-
               | private-lte...
               | 
               | Not sure about connectivity to the larger / global SS7
               | network.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | So, you don't own other people's networks? Right.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | Also, you probably don't have the right to make your own
               | mobile modem unless you're fine with it needing its own
               | car battery and alternator thanks to Qualcomm's patents.
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | Standards patents must be made available to license.
               | Apple tried really hard to invest in a competing cellular
               | modem provider (Intel) and gave up. Turns out, they're
               | really hard to build, and that's why you can't build one.
               | Not patents.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | Apple did purchase Intel's modem division[0], so while
               | they temporarily have started purchasing from Qualcomm,
               | maybe they're throwing more R&D at it than Intel did to
               | actually compete with Qualcomm within the next few years.
               | 
               | 0: https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2019/07/apple-to-
               | acquire-the-...
        
           | spideymans wrote:
           | This situation leaves me so conflicted on the whole
           | antitrust, "just force iOS open" thing.
           | 
           | On one hand, the locked down iOS clearly hurts a lot of
           | businesses and broader market competition.
           | 
           | On the other hand, Apple has been open and honest (and rather
           | boastful) of the locked down nature of iOS since Day 1.
           | Consumers have very clearly voted with their wallet time and
           | time again that this system (and it's tradeoffs) is the one
           | they prefer.
           | 
           | To force iOS open is to undo the choices that consumers have
           | made. But to leave iOS restricted is to harm broader business
           | competitiveness.
           | 
           | You're right that if Apple had marginal market share, this
           | behaviour would not be problematic.
           | 
           | Broadly speaking, I'm not all that sympathetic to the plight
           | of the big-name developers like Facebook and Match Group.
           | They've collectively made users so cynical about privacy,
           | security and the general trustworthiness of software that
           | it's prompted users to take refuge behind these hardened
           | walled gardens. I just hate to see good independent
           | developers have to be harmed as a consequence of that as
           | well.
        
             | spyder wrote:
             | Just because you buy something for some of the features, it
             | doesn't mean you want all the features it has.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | Joeri wrote:
             | Isn't it rather reductionist to say that the closed nature
             | of iOS is why people buy it?
             | 
             | I chose iphone because a string of bugs left a sour taste
             | in my mouth with android, and inertia locked me in. I
             | definitely don't want this level of locking it down, and I
             | doubt a majority of iphone buyers want this.
        
               | spideymans wrote:
               | Security, privacy, reliability and "it just works" was
               | always a major selling point of the iPhone. The various
               | software restrictions were a major part of delivering
               | that assurance that some third party software wouldn't
               | mess with your device. It might not have been a
               | motivating factor for you, but it certainly was for a lot
               | of consumers.
               | 
               | And regardless, Apple has never hidden the nature of iOS.
               | These consumers have clearly decided that the tradeoffs
               | of the walled garden were acceptable, despite there being
               | plenty of more open alternatives on the market in the
               | early days of the iPhone.
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | > Security, privacy, reliability and "it just works" was
               | always a major selling point of the iPhone.
               | 
               | Security, privacy, reliability and "it just works" was
               | always a major selling point of the Macbook too.
               | 
               | The dichotomy between secure and locked and open but
               | unsecure is a complete strawman. It is possible to be
               | both open and secure. People would still be able to only
               | install applications from the App Store even if the
               | iPhone was less locked.
        
               | spideymans wrote:
               | I would say that iOS is clearly more secure, private and
               | reliable than OS X is.
               | 
               | Apps on Mac OS X can absolutely screw up your machine.
               | Adware in particular is a big problem for novice OS X
               | users (speaking first hand here, having had to support
               | these users). That's an exceptionally rare occurrence on
               | iOS.
               | 
               | I'm comfortable with the security model on macOS, but
               | would be very concerned if that same model were applied
               | to iPhoneOS, where users (myself included) carry
               | significantly more private information.
               | 
               | On my phone, I want applications to have access to as
               | little private information as possible, even if it's
               | detrimental to functionality. Call me a security
               | nihilist, but security and privacy is by far my #1
               | overriding concern on mobile platforms, given the wealth
               | of personally identifying information these devices
               | gather.
               | 
               | More succinctly: the threat model on mobile devices is
               | not the same as the threat model on personal computers.
               | It's inappropriate to apply the same security to both
               | platforms.
        
               | dageshi wrote:
               | I don't think so. 99.9% of people don't need or want to
               | do anything beyond what iPhone/Android currently offers,
               | I would put money on the fact that a majority of iphone
               | buyers are completely happy with things as they are.
        
               | spideymans wrote:
               | It's interesting that, specifically with regards to the
               | App Store and iOS API restrictions, the complaints more
               | or less exclusively come from two groups:
               | 
               | 1. Third party developers
               | 
               | 2. A subset of power users
               | 
               | The broader end user appears to be quite satisfied with
               | the status quo.
               | 
               | It's a weird situation where anti-trust law (which
               | ostensibly exists to protect the consumer) is likely in
               | opposition to broader consumer sentiment.
               | 
               | It's a very different situation than Microsoft's
               | antitrust in the 90s, where consumers strongly supported
               | the antitrust actions.
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | > It's a very different situation than Microsoft's
               | antitrust in the 90s, where consumers strongly supported
               | the antitrust actions.
               | 
               | Customers mostly didn't care about Microsoft antitrust
               | trial in the 90s either. It was mostly affecting third
               | party developpers and companies selling computers. The
               | situation is not particularly dissimilar except Microsoft
               | had a clear monopoly while Apple and Google are a duopoly
               | and Apple is seen as a lifestyle brand to defend by a
               | rabid minority of its customers while Microsoft was
               | strictly seen as a tech company then.
        
               | bitwize wrote:
               | Most end users loved Microsoft because they put real
               | computing power in the average user's hands at an
               | affordable price.
               | 
               | It is also important to note that Internet Explorer was a
               | VASTLY SUPERIOR PRODUCT to Netscape. So Microsoft
               | competed, fair and square. The antitrust trial was just
               | Netscape getting assmad that they were beaten at their
               | own game.
        
               | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
               | > Isn't it rather reductionist to say that the closed
               | nature of iOS is why people buy it?
               | 
               | No, we've heard plenty of people here on HN specifically
               | say that's why they prefer it.
        
               | elzbardico wrote:
               | I can't speak for others, but in my case it is indeed one
               | of the reasons. I am using my iPhone and iPad solely as
               | communication, productivity and entertainment tools. The
               | consistency of experience, the relatively higher app
               | quality and slightly improved ecosystem safety are
               | valuable things to me. I can still create whatever
               | application I want in XCode, as long as it doesn't push
               | the boundaries of the allowed, and yes, those boundaries
               | are a restriction, but one that I am fully aware and
               | accepting of.
               | 
               | I am also fully aware that if I want a mobile hackable
               | device I will have to find another option and I am fine
               | with it.
               | 
               | And by any measure, this already put me in the minority
               | of minorities. I doubt most users would want a more open
               | iphone if they are made aware of the trade ofs. Why
               | should a businessman want to know more technical stuff in
               | order to use his phone? just so we geeks would be able to
               | sideload stuff? Well, he don't want it, he actively don't
               | want the device to give him this freedom, because them he
               | would have to be aware of boundaries that he didn't have
               | to before, more cognitive workload for him for no value
               | added.
        
           | throw0101a wrote:
           | > _The reason it 's a problem is, as it turns out, this model
           | works really well for a lot of people and is fantastically
           | popular._
           | 
           | Turns out a lot of people don't want to deal with the
           | responsibilities of completely owning a device (updates,
           | anti-malware, app origin), and are willing to give up some
           | control/ownership in exchange for convenience and being able
           | to get on with life. (Certainly not everyone of course.)
           | 
           | Whether this view of convenience is short-sighted and will be
           | regretted long-term remains to be seen.
        
             | grishka wrote:
             | All of today's desktop browsers come with developer tools
             | built in. How many people know that, and how many know how
             | to use them?
             | 
             | Many Android phones come with unlockable bootloaders.
             | Again, how many of those who bought such a phone know about
             | this capability?
             | 
             | What I'm trying to say that it's fine to sell a device in a
             | locked down state. What's not fine, however, is not
             | providing an unlocking mechanism, possibly deliberately
             | well-hidden like it is in case of Android bootloaders, for
             | those who know what they're doing.
        
             | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
             | It's irrelevant. We don't get to tell people what they are
             | and are not willing to pay for.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | Consumer protection law is the tool that allows that to
               | happen.
        
               | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
               | Ironic that we're talking about using law to protect
               | consumers from a company by not allowing them to use a
               | walled garden to protect consumers.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | The App Store model is about extracting rents. That the
               | walled garden offers "protection" to consumers is
               | incidental. The "privacy" and "security" stance taken by
               | Apple is about protecting their revenues and burnishing
               | their image in the eyes of the public. When their
               | revenues are at risk (like their concessions with China)
               | they take the financially expedient route.
        
               | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
               | > The App Store model is about extracting rents. That the
               | walled garden offers "protection" to consumers is
               | incidental.
               | 
               | Not according to many on HN who argue that it is
               | precisely why they purchased an iOS device instead of an
               | Android one.
               | 
               | I think we have to be really careful about trying to push
               | our ideals on others via regulation.
        
               | handrous wrote:
               | > Not according to many on HN who argue that it is
               | precisely why they purchased an iOS device instead of an
               | Android one.
               | 
               |  _raises hand_
               | 
               | It's not the only reason, but it _is_ a reason. With
               | government asleep at the wheel on regulating things like
               | subscriptions, scams, spyware (which is, like, _most_
               | software these days), et c., I 'm living the anarcho-
               | libertarian dream of paying a corporation to be my
               | regulator. As it naturally would in the real world, this
               | requires them to be big enough to distort and control
               | markets, for it to be worth paying for. Does that mean
               | they're behaving as a monopoly? Yeah, probably.
               | 
               | This sucks, of course, but it's what we've got.
        
             | robbedpeter wrote:
             | You frame it as a conscious choice, but in my experience
             | more than 9 of 10 Apple users are completely ignorant of
             | the issues. They only "know what they like" or think "Apple
             | is best. " There's no consideration at all of reasons or
             | consequences.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | There absolutely is consideration of the reasons or
               | consequences relevant to them, that they care about. The
               | fact is the things you think they should care about, they
               | just flat out don't, and that's fine.
        
               | lern_too_spel wrote:
               | Certainly, the vast majority of people in rich countries
               | can afford to care more about fashion (including bubble
               | color) than functionality, and this is reflected in their
               | smartphone purchases. The frustration you see in these
               | comments comes from technologists like the OP thinking
               | the same way and repeatedly running into leopard ate my
               | face moments.
        
               | handrous wrote:
               | > Certainly, the vast majority of people in rich
               | countries can afford to care more about fashion
               | (including bubble color) than functionality,
               | 
               | I've been an iOS and Android developer--as in, paid to do
               | it. Was an Android phone user before doing any mobile
               | dev. Finally got my hands on IIRC a 3rd-generation
               | Surface at work a few years back, as a test device.
               | 
               | Having extensive experience with the competition, I now
               | choose Apple phones and tablets for a few reasons,
               | functionality very much among them.
        
               | lern_too_spel wrote:
               | I don't doubt your experience, but I would expect you to
               | be an outlier and that more technologists would prefer a
               | device they can program with the same APIs as the
               | manufacturer without any gatekeeping and non-buggy web
               | access most of all. Having better photo sharing and phone
               | call capabilities, less device restarts, notification
               | filtering, the ability to caption audio for times when
               | having the speaker on is inconvenient or not loud enough,
               | and supporting restricted guest accounts are also
               | features that most people who don't worry as much about
               | fashion would not want to give up.
        
               | handrous wrote:
               | > I would expect you to be an outlier and that more
               | technologists would prefer a device they can program with
               | the same APIs as the manufacturer without any gatekeeping
               | and non-buggy web access most of all.
               | 
               | I doubt most "technologists" care about writing code for
               | their phone to begin with, and I don't know what you mean
               | by "non-buggy web access". That doesn't mean I think most
               | "technologists" would pick Apple (I really don't know)
               | but I don't think I'm the outlier here, preferences-wise,
               | even if I am on which platform I choose.
               | 
               | > Having better photo sharing and phone call
               | capabilities, less device restarts
               | 
               | Photo sharing's never been a problem--what am I missing?
               | I don't talk on the phone much so maybe that's actually
               | terrible (it seems entirely fine?) and I just don't know
               | it. Device restarts? How often do you think I restart my
               | iOS devices?
               | 
               | > the ability to caption audio for times when having the
               | speaker on is inconvenient or not loud enough
               | 
               | That is cool. Not something I'd use personally, but it's
               | cool.
               | 
               | > supporting restricted guest accounts are also features
               | that
               | 
               | Account management is my biggest complaint about
               | I-devices. Mostly the iPad--I don't really care if
               | iPhones continue to have only two modes (full, and PIN-
               | restricted "screen time" mode--which I don't use anyway,
               | so I wouldn't mind if that disappeared, really) but true
               | multi-account would be great on the iPad.
               | 
               | > most people who don't worry as much about fashion would
               | not want to give up.
               | 
               | Hahahaha.
        
               | Cederfjard wrote:
               | I tend to agree with you, but it's also definitely
               | possible that segments of the population are unaware of
               | issues they would care about if they were.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | The same can be said for Android users. Are you really
               | taking the snobby attitude that 'real' technical people
               | would hack together their phone from parts and open
               | source software?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | zapzupnz wrote:
               | I'd be willing to be those 9 out of 10 users barely know
               | how to use a desktop computer beyond "click on the button
               | for the internet".
               | 
               | I suppose that's the difference: the price they pay in
               | user control and freedom is swapped for experiences and
               | abilities to which they would never otherwise be exposed.
               | 
               | I prefer not to frame those people as ignorant in a
               | negative way. It is we who set them up with those devices
               | and taught them how to use them, we were just as
               | ignorant.
        
               | nraynaud wrote:
               | I tend to agree, it's about how you manage your focus and
               | memory in a world of distractions.
        
             | nixpulvis wrote:
             | There is absolutely no reason we can't have our cake and
             | eat it too.
        
               | api wrote:
               | That would require solving hard security problems instead
               | of punting on them by whitelisting.
               | 
               | Apple's policies are guided in part by profit motive but
               | also by security nihilism.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | skohan wrote:
               | There's no reason these security measures couldn't be
               | opt-out
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | If we regret it long term, people will start buying
             | different products with the features they want.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | They won't, if those products aren't available on the
               | market. Which they won't be, because currently the
               | "managed" approach yields more revenue.
               | 
               | "Voting with your wallet" doesn't work on most technology
               | markets, where products and services are not commodities,
               | and where the barriers to entry are insanely high. Yes -
               | insanely high. Sure, you can get a $100 computer and a
               | $10/month Internet connection and start writing software
               | for millions, except it won't do you much good - software
               | is the _easy part_. To compete with Facebook, you need to
               | bootstrap a whole social network. To compete with Apple
               | and Google on the phone market, you 'll need to bootstrap
               | your own hardware manufacturing, because all the
               | smartphone vendors are into the same user-hostile crap
               | these days.
               | 
               | Projects like PinePhone are probably as far as you can
               | reasonably get on the "smartphone, except not user
               | hostile" front. It's worth looking into why they don't
               | succeed. It's not as simple as "people must not _truly_
               | want it because they aren 't paying the premium to get
               | it".
        
           | praptak wrote:
           | The problem is the false marketing around this.
        
         | upearly2 wrote:
         | >That's funny, he believes he owns an Apple device. Sorry, no.
         | 
         | It sounds remarkably like a video game console or a stereo
         | receiver.
         | 
         | That makes sense really since the main purpose of a consumer
         | computer at this point is to, well, 'consume'.
         | 
         | It's funny to think back on an era when the average privately-
         | owned computer was bought to actually do something useful.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | theonlybutlet wrote:
       | Lol, think the OP is perhaps delusional, he answered the question
       | himself... "well this is what Apple/proprietary software is like,
       | what did you expect?"
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | pwenzel wrote:
       | Any idea if this will mess up printing in iOS?
        
       | koolhaas wrote:
       | 2023 Q1: each TLD you make web requests to will need individual
       | human moderated entitlements.
        
       | seanalltogether wrote:
       | I fell into this trap with our app. We have an iot app that
       | controls 3 generations of hardware now. The first generation
       | device is only visible via Netbios lookup, which runs afoul of
       | this new multicast lockdown. The later 2 generations support
       | Bonjour (mdns) lookup. Unfortunately we are still running into
       | problems with customer routers that block or interfere with
       | Bonjour service discovery, so we still fall back on Netbios even
       | in current generation hardware. Luckily we have history with
       | Apple so the approval was fairly straightforward, but I can't
       | imagine what the process would entail for a new company/new
       | product.
        
         | creeble wrote:
         | We "fixed" it with broadcast, it was the only way.
         | 
         | There are indeed a number of old routers out there that do not
         | work with mDNS well. This is still a problem, but most <5yo
         | routers seem to handle it okay (with the caveat that there are
         | a number of cheap APs and extenders that are completely broken
         | at basic TCP/IP when clients switch).
         | 
         | We use broadcast for device-to-device discovery, vs device-to-
         | phone. It makes for noisy networks, but works better than mDNS
         | on a wide range of hardware.
        
       | bitwize wrote:
       | Apple's reasoning is probably this: By far, the most common use
       | for multicast is mDNS. Apple probably supplies Bonjour APIs which
       | you are expected to use for that use case. If you want to do
       | something outside of that use case, you are probably Up To No
       | Good and Apple will need your name, address, and DUNS number just
       | to make sure you aren't.
       | 
       | The thing you have to remember is that Apple has shown the world
       | how to run a top-tier mobile platform that supports billions of
       | users while, more or less, protecting everyone's privacy and data
       | from bad actors. They have decided to err on the side of pissing
       | off devs if it came down to that or compromising on this goal.
       | And it's made them trillions of dollars.
        
       | neilalexander wrote:
       | > My bold prediction is that one day they'll get rid of BSD
       | sockets entirely.
       | 
       | This probably isn't as unlikely as you might initially think. I
       | remember reading somewhere that Apple had been working on a user-
       | space networking stack?
       | 
       | Edit: Apparently I saw it in
       | https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/79590?answerId=235...
       | -- Eskimo claiming "It came up during the iOS discussion on user
       | space networking because NKEs are a major sticking point in
       | bringing user space networking to the Mac"
        
         | turminal wrote:
         | There's no need for that. Just make http/s the only networking
         | api that the kernel exposes and use that for everything. We're
         | halfway there with dns over https.
        
           | rocqua wrote:
           | Http(s) is the new TCP.
           | 
           | Mostly because anything else gets filtered out at some edge.
        
       | vlan0 wrote:
       | I may be in a niche scenario. But I do welcome some sort of
       | restriction. On a large campus network running PIM sparse with
       | 10kish Apple devices, multicast chews up a fair amount of CPU
       | resources on network devices.
       | 
       | Not sure if this is the solution tho..that's out of my realm of
       | expertise.
        
         | ianlevesque wrote:
         | Far more likely that that's the typical mDNS traffic, which is
         | out of scope of this new permission.
        
           | vlan0 wrote:
           | You're not wrong
        
       | turminal wrote:
       | Another attempt to kill everything that isn't routed through http
       | and restricted by whatever restrictions http imposes or will
       | impose in the future.
        
         | neilalexander wrote:
         | This isn't really true. The entitlement is to stop malicious
         | apps from listening to all of the mDNS beacons coming from
         | devices on your network. It doesn't stop you listening
         | for/advertising specific named services using the NetService
         | API, and it doesn't stop you from sending/receiving unicast
         | traffic using regular sockets.
        
           | turminal wrote:
           | Things like this don't happen at once. But we're slowly
           | getting there.
        
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       (page generated 2021-08-24 23:02 UTC)