[HN Gopher] Y Combinator's European founder intake continues to ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Y Combinator's European founder intake continues to grow
        
       Author : tommatsuda
       Score  : 140 points
       Date   : 2021-08-24 08:09 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (sifted.eu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (sifted.eu)
        
       | jamil7 wrote:
       | I always wanted something like https://www.carbonfact.co/ - hope
       | it takes off and they expand the list of products.
        
         | martindaniel4 wrote:
         | Thank you jamil7 <3
        
         | bttrfl wrote:
         | I'm rooting for something like this too. As for the carbonfact
         | and their focus on promoting eco brands, I'd like them to
         | present an alternative metric if/when possible.
         | 
         | Measuring each individual product is complicated and doesn't
         | have to reflect brand's entire emission output. If a company is
         | 10% manufacturing and 90% marketing then the methodology used
         | by carbonfact will be underreporting the emissions.
         | 
         | Some brands (inc. Nike) are already disclosing their total
         | emission. Others might be forced to do so in a near future by
         | regulators. Would it be possible to have a metric calculated
         | simply as 'total emissions / units sold'?
        
       | logronoide wrote:
       | I think it's a sign of the times: the pandemic, the "everything
       | is remote"... and of course the weak European ecosystem compared
       | to the Americans'. Really happy for all the European founders
       | that made it.
        
       | gyulai wrote:
       | I'm wondering if this actually implies that Y-Combinator is
       | willing to touch even with a 10-foot-pole companies incorporated
       | in jurisdictions where company law works very differently from
       | the U.S. For example in Germany & Austria, if a startup is
       | organized as a GmbH ("Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung"),
       | regulations around transfer of shares and minority shareholder
       | protections are a lot heavier than for U.S. corporations and AG
       | ("Aktiengesellschaft") with freely-transferable shares come with
       | a high regulatory burden in all kinds of areas.
       | 
       | My working hypothesis until obtaining information to the contrary
       | is that the answer is "no", and that "European" in the article
       | basically just means "London".
        
         | dagw wrote:
         | You can be from anywhere but your company has to be
         | incorporated in United States, Canada, Singapore or the Cayman
         | Islands. If you already have a GmbH and want to join YC you
         | have to incorporate a parent company in one of those
         | jurisdictions and make your existing company a subsidiary of
         | that new parent company. YC will then invest and take a stake
         | in the parent company rather than your 'real' company
         | 
         | https://www.ycombinator.com/faq/
        
           | ant6n wrote:
           | I wonder what the implications are off such a company
           | structure.
        
           | gyulai wrote:
           | Thanks! That's a neat legal mechanism there. Should have
           | thought to look there myself.
        
       | ToJans wrote:
       | In my experience (Belgian guy that dabbled a bit with EU VCs for
       | my SaaS) Europe is very risk-adverse, and you either have to give
       | up ridiculous amounts of equity for a little amount (i.e. 50kEUR
       | for a 25% to +50% stake) when not established yet, or have a
       | recurring revenue of at least 50kEUR/month to get reasonable
       | propositions.
       | 
       | Also, European culture is slightly different: most people
       | consider a startup failure as something bad that you drag along
       | for the rest of your career.
       | 
       | I've talked to some European VCs, and while they have big
       | ambitions and are starting to gain momentum, it might take a
       | while before the shift in the European mentality happens, and we
       | end up with a thriving ecosystem. Some hubs (Switzerland and
       | Berlin for example) seem to be doing quite good.
       | 
       | I also assume a big difference with the US is the fragmented
       | market: different languages, cultural differences, legislative
       | constraints, market demands, ... For example, in my experience
       | high touch B2B sales are highly impacted by the language gap, in
       | fact some countries (France, Spain, Italy, ...) are notoriously
       | against working with people who don't speak their mother tongue.
       | (On the bright side most of us Belgians do speak at least 3
       | languages, so it is still somewhat doable.)
       | 
       | As an alternative to VCs in Europe, you could look at some of the
       | national and European subsidized tracks, although they tend to be
       | mostly coupled to the trend-of-the-decade (sustainability is hot
       | right now), and also require quite some effort to enter with no
       | guarantees of success. (Disclaimer: it's on my to-do list, so no
       | real experience with this.)
       | 
       | I would presume the combination of all of these factors results
       | in people looking on other continents for better opportunities.
       | 
       | (I personally think Africa might offer huge opportunities in the
       | coming decades, but that's for another time.)
        
         | IAmEveryone wrote:
         | Let's not overlook that about 98% of US states have also been
         | trying to replicate the success of California, with decidedly
         | mixed results. And the successes are all connected to giant
         | economies like New York or research clusters as in MA.
        
         | mountainriver wrote:
         | They also pay a fraction of US jobs so tech talent doesn't hang
         | around those areas
        
         | stevoski wrote:
         | > "European culture is slightly different: most people consider
         | a startup failure as something bad that you drag along for the
         | rest of your career."
         | 
         | I hear this over and over, but in my 20 years of living in
         | Europe, I haven't found this to be the case.
         | 
         | Perhaps it is only in some European countries or cultures?
        
           | libertine wrote:
           | Well the question that might be cynical is: do they actually
           | mean it?
           | 
           | Like saying, "oh at least you tried!"/"good for you!"/"you
           | learning something right!"?, this is something I get.
           | 
           | No one ever asked, "What went wrong, what went right?" /
           | "What did you learn, what would you do differently?" / "Next
           | time you'll try something hit me up!" / "I have something I'm
           | working on, check this out, are you interested?" / "We should
           | talk more about this"
           | 
           | You may say, those are different types of persons, one shows
           | support the other shows curiosity and drive - but in the case
           | of the latter they actually care and are "invested" in your
           | failure as well to the point they'll give up some of their
           | time and attention to ask about it, so they can learn
           | something from your experience as well.
           | 
           | What we lack in Europe aren't patting on the back, it's
           | actually to value the experience of failure.
           | 
           | It's "easy" to say nice words.
        
             | volta83 wrote:
             | +1.
             | 
             | Having worked at both, the main difference between SV and
             | Europe is "share your failures so that everybody can learn"
             | vs "downplay your failures so that you look better".
        
               | moonchrome wrote:
               | Maybe related but as a contractor I've noticed that
               | working with EU clients there's so much posturing,
               | pretend professionalism, suit and tie kind of guys
               | throwing around titles, red tape etc. US clients are way
               | more casual and to the point.
        
           | tluyben2 wrote:
           | Not my experience either; I see it usually met with 'at least
           | they tried while I did nothing'. But may depend where in the
           | EU you ask.
        
           | agd wrote:
           | Certainly not the case in the UK from my experience.
        
           | ToJans wrote:
           | We're probably about the same age, so let me ask you this:
           | have you ever heard or seen a European person (who failed a
           | business he or she depended on) carrying his or her failure
           | like a badge of honor?
           | 
           | In my experience with job interviews (from both sides of the
           | table) people tend to be ashamed, or they assume you should
           | be ashamed about it.
           | 
           | As for me personally, I like sharing both my failures and my
           | successes, and receive a lot of positive feedback about this.
           | But when I ask them to do the same, I usually get a "I
           | wouldn't want to ruin my reputation.".
           | 
           | YMMV.
        
             | stevoski wrote:
             | > We're probably about the same age, so let me ask you
             | this: have you ever heard or seen a European person (who
             | failed a business he or she depended on) carrying his or
             | her failure like a badge of honor?
             | 
             | Yes, I have.
        
               | ToJans wrote:
               | Ok; point taken. Would you tend to agree that the
               | majority is or expects you to be ashamed about it, or is
               | that not what you experience?
        
               | peoplefromibiza wrote:
               | The majority of them have experienced failure, just like
               | everybody else.
               | 
               | What they are (require to be) ashamed of is tricking the
               | system or running illegal businesses that lead to the
               | aforementioned failure.
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | > What they are (require to be) ashamed of is tricking
               | the system or running illegal businesses that lead to the
               | aforementioned failure.
               | 
               | Are you trying to say that most startup failures are due
               | to their illegal nature? If that's the case for majority
               | of failed startups in Europe that you are familiar with,
               | that's kind of telling (whether it is in regards to
               | startups in Europe in general or just the European
               | startups that you are personally familiar with, that's a
               | different question).
        
             | peoplefromibiza wrote:
             | I am that European.
             | 
             | There are 513 million people in Europe spread over 28
             | countries, excluding Russia.
             | 
             | Have you met all of them?
             | 
             | In my 25 years of experience in the field, the opposite is
             | true.
        
           | Mvandenbergh wrote:
           | Definitely not true in the UK, definitely not true in The
           | Netherlands.
           | 
           | Not true among my Paris based friends, had dinner with some
           | of the latter which included someone who was on their third
           | startup and a few Sciences Po / X types who have the kinds of
           | jobs you would expect and the latter were extremely
           | interested in the what the former was up to and how the
           | startup ecosystem worked. Definitely not a sense that they
           | thought having tried and failed to start a tech company was
           | somehow a bad mark - and realistically grande ecole types
           | tend to be very status conscious so would have picked it up
           | if it was there. I can't speak to what older people, people
           | outside of Paris would think of it. I would guess much more
           | conservative.
        
         | dukeyukey wrote:
         | Keep in mind a unified "European" VC and startup market doesn't
         | really exists, it's dozens of smaller ones instead. Only a
         | handful are large enough to support a world-class ecosystem
         | (France, Germany, and the UK) and out of those only the UK is
         | really culturally friendly towards startups.
        
         | pembrook wrote:
         | Europe's lack of competitiveness in tech has been true pretty
         | much since the birth of Silicon Valley.
         | 
         | It was the same with the PC business back in the 80s and 90s.
         | Here's an article from the New York Times in 1996, struggling
         | to understand why European PC manufacturers were all failing to
         | expand outside their home markets:
         | https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/07/business/why-european-com...
         | 
         | 25 years later, the story is the same. Europe missed out on
         | most of the big business opportunities of the internet, fell
         | behind and lost the smartphone revolution, is largely missing
         | from the top names in the app store, failed to create an
         | internationally relevant social media company, etc. etc.
         | 
         | However, I wonder if this could be an inflection point. Covid
         | has dragged everyone into the future kicking and screaming.
         | Meanwhile Europe is looking grossly undervalued due to a lack
         | of tech exposure. European stock markets have been essentially
         | flat since 2009 while American stock markets have 3X'd
         | (pre-2009, European returns basically tracked American ones).
         | Tech salaries in Europe are now just 1/5th of what they are in
         | Silicon Valley. It seems like the pendulum has swung a little
         | too far in the American direction.
         | 
         | It took Europe 40+ years to become internationally competitive
         | with Detroit in auto manufacturing during the 1900s. Maybe this
         | is the natural cycle (of course, this time there's no wars to
         | use as an excuse).
         | 
         | If I were ever going to place a bet on Europe in the last 40
         | years, now would be the time.
        
           | Mvandenbergh wrote:
           | The challenge with any argument about SV vs Europe is that SV
           | is so sui generis that it's actually SV vs more or less
           | everywhere else including the rest of the US. Really,
           | including the rest of California. What's the startup
           | ecosystem look like in Fresno?
           | 
           | SV is so atypical that it's almost impossible to draw any
           | kind of conclusions from particular factors and anyway is now
           | probably self sustaining - VCs go there because tech talent
           | goes there and tech talent goes there because VCs do. Very
           | hard for anywhere else to break out in that scenario in the
           | absence of substantial barriers to either talent or money.
           | Barriers to employment are just high enough (not just visas,
           | but leaving friends and family behind etc) to prevent a lot
           | of European developers from moving for the higher salaries
           | but not so high that a lot of top founding talent goes there.
           | 
           | I do wonder if the temporary barriers of Covid might have
           | triggered something, we'll see.
        
             | martin_a wrote:
             | > and anyway is now probably self sustaining
             | 
             | As a German this is an interesting point.
             | 
             | While I'm no big fan of the big cities (Berlin, Munich,
             | Hamburg) we see lots of successful* startups happening and
             | gaining track there and in smaller towns.
             | 
             | University cities are often doing fine, too and are slowly
             | but surely developing startup structures and everything
             | else.
             | 
             | To me this looks more promising than concentrating all
             | startups and money in one place and measuring everything
             | against that.
        
               | SuoDuanDao wrote:
               | I've also heard that the German banking system is much
               | more geographically diverse, with many smaller banks
               | giving business loans to businesses in their immediate
               | geographic area. If that's still the case, it would make
               | sense that there would be less concentration of capital
               | and therefore entrepreneurship.
        
           | IdiocyInAction wrote:
           | > European stock markets have been essentially flat since
           | 2009 while American stock markets have 3X'd.
           | 
           | The DAX30 (German Index) tripled since 2009. The British and
           | French indices did pretty much move sideways though.
           | 
           | The growth of the S&P 500 is pretty amazing though.
        
             | spaniard89277 wrote:
             | Go and watch Spanish indices. It's a sad history.
        
           | dgudkov wrote:
           | That's exactly my thoughts recently. As it appears, American
           | venture capital simply can't build a big social media company
           | that doesn't end up being a surveillance-driven, ad-ladden,
           | privacy-hostile, user-despising, fake virtue-signalling
           | behemoth.
           | 
           | So maybe it's time for Europe to shine.
        
             | missedthecue wrote:
             | Maybe what Americans have built is exactly what people who
             | aren't HN users want. The numbers would seem to say that.
        
               | tohmasu wrote:
               | This is why social media ToS are typically concise and
               | clear: "License agreement: We spy on you and sell your
               | information to anyone that's interested, press accept to
               | continue".
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | Say I want to buy information about you. How would I go
               | about doing that? Where to I put in my credit card
               | details?
               | 
               | Facebook doesn't sell data. They sell advertising space.
               | They're a billboard company.
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | Agreed. "Selling user data" is just a nice catchphrase
               | thrown around by people who didn't look into how FB ads
               | really makes money and how they really work.
               | 
               | Just at a cursory evaluation, it makes no sense, because
               | if Facebook sold the data directly, why would advertisers
               | even need Facebook after that? All of those questions can
               | be answered by simply playing around with FB Advertising
               | UI for less than an hour. But hating on FB is fashionable
               | now, regardless of whether the reasons are justified or
               | not. Given how there are plenty of legitimate issues with
               | Faceebook, it really annoys me when people throw around
               | these types of questionable accusations against FB
               | without even looking into the subject matter first,
               | because it just weakens legitimate criticism of FB.
               | 
               | Back to the topic at hand, you are totally on point about
               | the billboard analogy. If you are a business, you don't
               | go to Facebook and say "give me the data of these users",
               | you say, for example, "here is my ad, show it to users
               | who are in this geographic area Z between ages X and Y
               | who are into surfing and indie music". And then you get
               | to see stats about interaction of those users with your
               | ad, like "users who are closer to age X than age Y are
               | more likely to click on your ad", so you draw a
               | conclusion that your ad doesn't seem to appeal as much to
               | the upper boundary of your target age range, maybe you
               | need to tweak the ad or split it into 2 separate ads (one
               | for users between ages X and (X+Y)/2, and another for
               | ages between (X+Y)/2 and Y). At no point you get any
               | additional info on the users, and neither do you get any
               | individual user info, just anonymized aggregates.
        
               | dgudkov wrote:
               | I don't think this is what people actually want, but it's
               | definitely what people _tolerate_.
        
           | tester34 wrote:
           | >failed to create an internationally relevant social media
           | company
           | 
           | Those are pros or cons?
           | 
           | >Tech salaries in Europe are now just 1/5th of what they are
           | in Silicon Valley.
           | 
           | Are SV salaries 5 times higher than in Zurich or London?
           | seriously? or you're talking about peak of peak of peak?
        
             | pembrook wrote:
             | If we're talking Zurich specifically, the difference would
             | probably only be 2-3X less than FANMAG/ETC. London salaries
             | are high too (not Zurich levels from what I've seen), but
             | that market is now separate from the EU.
             | 
             | But most places in Europe with tech scenes and outsized VC
             | investment, eg. helsinki, stockholm, berlin, amsterdam, etc
             | you're talking 5X less salary than in Silicon Valley.
             | 
             | Given the tech talent in those cities, there must be some
             | arbitrage opportunity there.
        
               | j7ake wrote:
               | Is it fair to compare salaries in one specific place in
               | USA versus the average European city ? Seems like you are
               | comparing max salary in USA vs average salary in Europe.
               | 
               | Seems fair to consider max salary in Europe when
               | comparing with SV.
               | 
               | There should also be arbitrage opportunities for cities
               | outside of SV in USA.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | Just compare the median.
               | 
               | The median US software developer earns $110,000
               | (excluding any benefits).
               | 
               | The EU median is close to 1/3 that.
        
               | raverbashing wrote:
               | > helsinki, stockholm, berlin, amsterdam, etc you're
               | talking 5X less salary than in Silicon Valley.
               | 
               | Certainly not for the same seniority level (and not
               | considering stocks, which people in those places do get)
               | 
               | Or you're telling me that someone making 60kEUR in Berlin
               | could be transferred to SV and their salary would
               | immediately flip to $300k on the payslip? (no
               | promotions/stock/etc)
               | 
               | Realistically, more like 2x, 2.5x, 3x if we're stretching
               | it for the mentioned cities
               | 
               | > Given the tech talent in those cities, there must be
               | some arbitrage opportunity there.
               | 
               | Absolutely ;) Though on SV salaries you're getting paid
               | for the less PTO, the stretched hours, etc so probably
               | not such a big arbitrage
        
               | DandyDev wrote:
               | And what kind of person you think we are talking about
               | here for 60k in Amsterdam? Is that a senior Software
               | Engineer? Or even an engineering lead (responsible for a
               | bunch of other SEs)? Because 60k per year in Amsterdam
               | equates around 4.6k per month + holiday pay. I can hire
               | at most a medior - senior SE for that in AMS (let's say
               | 4-5 years of experience) and I really don't believe a
               | person with that kind of experience would earn 300k a
               | year in SV.
        
               | dcolkitt wrote:
               | > I really don't believe a person with that kind of
               | experience would earn 300k a year in SV.
               | 
               | I just spoke with someone two years out of CS undergrad
               | who's starting at $350k TC at one of the big SV unicorns.
        
               | raverbashing wrote:
               | > you think we are talking about here for 60k in
               | Amsterdam? Is that a senior Software Engineer? Or even an
               | engineering lead (responsible for a bunch of other SEs)?
               | 
               | Yes, at most I'd say at that seniority level, that's why
               | I'm questioning it. (300k is probably at a higher level
               | AND with stocks, etc)
               | 
               | (Though I mentioned Berlin, not AMS, which has slightly
               | higher salaries)
        
               | durandal1 wrote:
               | Yes, I have 10 years in SV and I if I moved back to
               | Stockholm my compensation would be approx 1/5 of what I
               | have now. It's ridiculous.
        
               | pembrook wrote:
               | > _you 're telling me that someone making 60kEUR in
               | Berlin could be transferred to SV and their salary would
               | immediately flip to $300k_
               | 
               | Yes. And it's not just FAANG anymore. That's a totally
               | reasonable comp at about 30-50 different companies in the
               | US right now (and the number of companies paying this
               | comp is increasing along with the size of fundraising
               | rounds).
               | 
               | Also, in my experience nobody is working 60+ hour weeks
               | at these companies (the bigger the company, the easier
               | the job), so it's not like anybody is being overworked to
               | get this money.
        
         | api wrote:
         | > Also, European culture is slightly different: most people
         | consider a startup failure as something bad that you drag along
         | for the rest of your career.
         | 
         | This is a major issue in Japan too AFAIK. Working for a big
         | corporation or the government is still considered superior to
         | entrepreneurship, and failing at a company brings a lot of
         | shame.
         | 
         | Without permission to fail, it's impossible to succeed. As Elon
         | Musk put it: "we're gonna have to blow up some rockets."
         | 
         | I've wondered if the most significant innovation of the past
         | 500 years and the one that led to our historic technological
         | and economic explosion of progress wasn't just limited
         | liability companies.
         | 
         | In the past to do anything big you had to either be already
         | rich (vastly limiting the pool), find a patron (again a small
         | pool), or borrow money. In the old days borrowing was basically
         | loan sharking. You'd end in prison, dead, or at best shamed and
         | broken for the rest of your life if you failed to repay with
         | interest.
         | 
         | All that meant very few people could take risks, so very little
         | innovation.
         | 
         | Limited liability allows vastly more people to take risks. Yes
         | it does lead to abuse, fraud, and waste, but it also leads to a
         | huge amount of innovation since people have permission to take
         | risks and fail and then recover.
         | 
         | Failure at something like a startup still comes with costs. If
         | you (the founder) are not a narcissist or a psychopath it will
         | probably come with emotional costs like a feeling of failure
         | and a feeling of having let people down. But it doesn't ruin
         | your life, blackball you from your career, or land you in
         | prison.
        
         | dmichulke wrote:
         | > Europe is very risk-adverse
         | 
         | I'd say it depends. I lived in several places and my feeling is
         | that the bigger and more cosmopolitan the city is, the less it
         | is risk adverse.
         | 
         | So the worst is usually the countryside or towns and cities far
         | away from any border and with no particular significance.
         | 
         | > big difference with the US is the fragmented market:
         | different languages, cultural differences, legislative
         | constraints, market demands
         | 
         | The Germans tried to address this in the 1940s, but no one
         | seemed interested. /s
        
         | yaseer wrote:
         | My experience also correlates with this, raising in Europe and
         | from YC.
         | 
         | The European ecosystem is focused on well-understood business
         | models, and is less likely to fund something disruptive and
         | novel. It's probably epitomised by the Samwer brothers' cloning
         | American businesses like eBay.
         | 
         | If you want to build a well-understood Enterprise SaaS company,
         | I think the European ecosystem will suite you fine.
         | 
         | If you want to try a crazy idea, like renting out Air beds to
         | people in your living room, you're better off in SF.
        
         | robinhouston wrote:
         | I suspect it's a mistake to treat Europe as homogeneous in this
         | respect. As a startup founder in the UK, this does not match my
         | experience in any way at all.
        
           | yaseer wrote:
           | Also UK-based. The UK is culturally somewhere between the US
           | and the EU in my experience.
           | 
           | UK investors are less risk-averse than Germans, but still not
           | quite the same as SF.
        
         | eyko wrote:
         | You can't paint all of Europe with the same brush, and whilst
         | most of Europe may be in the single market, they're not the
         | "same" market. In my experience, there is a high variance
         | amongst European countries (Eurozone or not) in risk-aversion
         | vs risk-tolerance, which seems to be echoed in some
         | studies/observations[1]. I've never really been able to see
         | what the main factors that determine this may be -- I used to
         | think it was correlated to how much each country participates
         | in the global economy, but that would explain UK and Spain, but
         | not Germany.
         | 
         | I also find it a bit narrow-minded to think of Europe as risk-
         | averse simply by judging their attitudes towards tech
         | investments. Spain (where I'm from) definitely appears to be
         | one of the most risk-tolerant EU countries when you look at
         | certain sectors and our foreign investments in infrastructure
         | and other types of construction, but one of the most risk-
         | averse when it comes to tech. If I were to speculate (and I
         | stress, speculate), it seems to be influenced by the type of
         | markets with capital that we have access to: the Middle East,
         | Africa, and Latin America. This is also the case when you think
         | of partially publicly funded projects that are quite risky --
         | especially in countries that are politically unstable like
         | ours. A perfect example would be renewable energies, which
         | would have been the great success story in Spain until new
         | legislation practically killed any hopes of it being eventually
         | profitable.
         | 
         | Germany, on the other hand, seems risk-averse _even_ within
         | their own main domains (industrial engineering, automotive,
         | etc). They also have a big global presence and
         | prestige/reputation, but I have never lived or worked in
         | Germany so I wouldn't even dare speculate why this is the case.
         | I've often seen the finger pointed at bureaucracy, but other
         | countries with similar levels of bureaucracy and hurdles don't
         | seem to be as risk-averse. Different cultures, I reckon.
         | 
         | The UK (where I now live) on the other hand was one of the most
         | risk-tolerant countries in the EU (until their departure) when
         | you think of tech investments. The fact that they speak in
         | English and have a strong services economy helps in that
         | respect, I would guess. I'm definitely not an expert.
         | 
         | 1. https://voxeu.org/article/cross-country-differences-risk-
         | att...
        
           | ToJans wrote:
           | Interesting line of thought; another POV that emerged during
           | a late-night discussion a while ago, was to look at the
           | percentage of people that work in public service in each
           | country.
           | 
           | We assumed that, the closer the percentage was to the median,
           | the more risk-averse people would be (assuming the median
           | represents some optimal size for the government).
           | 
           | We never validated the idea though; I'm quite curious to see
           | how that would hold up after verification.
        
             | eyko wrote:
             | I used to think so as well, but someone pointed out to me
             | that Germany has a similar % of public sector jobs as the
             | USA, and Spain is not that much higher, and all seem to be
             | shrinking. Belgium on the other hand seems to be stable at
             | 21% (21.5% 2013, 21.1% 2019) so it would seem to fit the
             | hypothesis :-). I still think that it's a contributing
             | factor, but perhaps it's more of a symptom and less of a
             | factor.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_public_s
             | e...
        
         | ithinkso wrote:
         | Also success means something different here for the most part,
         | maybe as a result of what you said above. It's more of a
         | 'business' than 'startup' and if you're profitable that means
         | you have a successful business. I think that big acquisition
         | exit/IPO is a more of a wish/dream rather than a goal here
        
         | daanlo wrote:
         | Founder from Berlin here. EUR50k for 25% is really off-market,
         | even if you are a first time founder (at least in Berlin,
         | Paris, London and hopefully all across Europe). And IMHO having
         | worked in a startup (even if you aren't the founder) is seen as
         | a BIG career plus if you join any corporate afterwards. I would
         | say we have a thriving eco-system across Europe. Not at the
         | level of SV, but still many big and meaningful companies with
         | global foot prints being built every year.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | ionwake wrote:
       | As a solo european with a secret startup Ive been working on for
       | a couple of years ( Im semi retired young ) where should I apply
       | for an assessment for possible seed? Is enrolling onto
       | ycombinator still the best way?
        
       | nickfromseattle wrote:
       | I am an American founder that accidentally built a company in
       | Europe.
       | 
       | I hired my first person there, and through the path of least
       | resistance, most of our 45 person team is based in Europe.
       | 
       | I believe I am playing 'business' on easy mode compared to
       | European founders.
       | 
       | As an American founder it's pretty easy for my US company to pay
       | my European team as contractors.
       | 
       | European founders have to comply with European employment law.
       | 
       | In the country a lot of my team resides, here are the rules:
       | 
       | 1. ~50% tax on W2 employees (we pay none)
       | 
       | 2. Ability to take 1 year of maternity leave, available on day 1
       | of joining a company. Up to 2 years if there are complications.
       | 
       | 3. 32 days of PTO standard for entry level roles
       | 
       | Here were my rules as an American founder / company hiring in
       | Europe:
       | 
       | 1. No employment tax because everyone is hired as a contractor
       | 
       | 2. Today we have a 2 month paid policy after 2 years in our org.
       | We're hoping to improve this as our company becomes more
       | financially secure, but the liability at this stage of our
       | organization is significant.
       | 
       | 3. We offer 38 days of PTO today, but for the first year we
       | didn't have an official PTO policy.
       | 
       | Building a startup in Europe as a European founder is very, very
       | hard due to the above compliance requirements.
        
         | another-dave wrote:
         | This sounds really odd to me (UK-based, previously was
         | contracting) -- if someone is hired as a contractor, normally
         | your company would be engaging their limited company as some
         | type of consultancy arrangement.
         | 
         | So you wouldn't have any maternity leave or paid time off at
         | all. In fact, from the contractor's point-of-view, you'd want
         | to run a mile from these things as if the revenue believed you
         | were a de facto employee (since you're getting company
         | benefits) your tax liability would balloon.
         | 
         | But see no reason that a European founder couldn't hire
         | freelancers/contractors in the same way that your company does.
        
           | arcturus17 wrote:
           | In Spain if you hire full-time contractors long term they can
           | be considered full-time employees by law. There are ways
           | around this such as hiring through temp agencies, hiring
           | part-time or rotating them. But trying to do "FTE as
           | contractor" is risky.
        
             | spaniard89277 wrote:
             | That only applies if you hire from a spanish company and
             | for a defined set of circunstances AFAIK.
        
           | tinco wrote:
           | This sounds too good to be true. I don't know about other
           | countries in Europe, but in The Netherlands it is definitely
           | illegal to have a contractor work in employment conditions.
           | I.e. you're not allowed to give a contractor set work hours,
           | not allowed to specify how they work, not allowed to prevent
           | them from outsourcing the work, etc. If you do those things,
           | and the tax service finds out, or a "contractor" gets sick
           | and decides to demand you pay them sick leave, you're in deep
           | trouble.
        
             | mbeex wrote:
             | The same in Germany. The people can be easily classified as
             | bogus self-employed (scheinselbststaendig). The company
             | would have to pay social security contributions
             | retroactively up to 4 years. Furthermore, the 'contractors'
             | could sue their way into employment. Also, workarounds
             | mentioned elsewhere, like employment as temp by utilizing
             | intermediate staffing companies, became widely known in
             | time also to government agencies. Most companies will
             | fire/replace such staff after 18 month max for this reason.
        
         | cuillevel3 wrote:
         | An European founder could do the same, hire only self-employed
         | contractors.
         | 
         | However, e.g. in Germany, that's only possible if the
         | contractors work independently and have more than one customer
         | long-term. I guess someone will notice eventually?
        
           | mbeex wrote:
           | > and have more than one customer long-term.
           | 
           | This is rather a counter criterion. Government finally found
           | out several years ago, that there is a new non-significant
           | class of well-earning people - IT contractors - that can be
           | legally milked by abusing laws, created ostensibly to
           | 'protect' the weak.
        
         | jcelerier wrote:
         | > As an American founder it's pretty easy for my US company to
         | pay my European team as contractors.
         | 
         | if they are spending most of their contracting time at your job
         | / are considered your subordinates, it's very very illegal at
         | least in france (https://bpifrance-
         | creation.fr/encyclopedie/micro-entreprise-...), and I'm very
         | very tempted to report you to the relevant authorities.
        
         | pavlov wrote:
         | As contractors, your employees are liable to pay those taxes
         | themselves. Hopefully you're paying them at least 50% above
         | market rate, so there's no problem.
        
         | Sytten wrote:
         | FYI since the laws in Europe are most likely similar to the
         | laws of Canada on this, it can get your "contractors" into big
         | trouble with their tax agency.
         | 
         | I know a lot of people do that (work as contractor but they are
         | employees), but if you bother to read the tax code this is
         | illegal. It takes one audit to be reclassfied and then you have
         | to repay the taxes your employer would have paid. This can be
         | retroactive for many years after employement has ended.
         | 
         | Stay away from those contracts.
        
         | tsbinz wrote:
         | If you have "contractors" in Germany, what you are describing
         | is social insurance fraud. I would be surprised if France
         | doesn't have rules like that.
        
         | arcturus17 wrote:
         | If you're hiring contractors long-term in Spain for over a
         | certain amount of their time (~80%) for the long term you can
         | be liable as a full-time employer and may be obligated to
         | change their contracts to full-time. I know it's the same in
         | other European markets and I doubt there are any exemptions for
         | non-EU employers whatsoever.
         | 
         | All other conditions you describe are the same for a European
         | or Spanish company hiring contractors, as long as you are not
         | meeting the conditions for full-time employment and therefore
         | disguising FTEs as contractors.
         | 
         | I'm curious as to what countries you are operating in that
         | allow these kind of exemptions compared to local EU
         | entrepreneurs. IANAL but 99% sure these exemptions do not exist
         | in Spain at least.
         | 
         | EDIT: This case study [1] by a Spanish law firm indeed claims
         | that a company based outside the EU (UK post-Brexit) can be
         | tried in Spain for false contractor relationships.
         | 
         | [1] https://likum.es/el-falso-autonomo-tambien-si-la-empresa-
         | y-e...
        
         | ToJans wrote:
         | While this is somewhat true, most of the European founders I
         | know work around this by hiring freelance senior contractors
         | and employing heavily subsidized juniors.
        
         | specialist wrote:
         | > _European founders have to comply with European employment
         | law._
         | 
         | There's got to be a better way. By default or by design, the
         | different rules in USA and EU both advantage larger companies,
         | thwart smaller companies.
         | 
         | To encourage small businesses and new business formation, we
         | must synthesize the good parts of USA's (former)
         | entrepreneurial spirit and EU's labor protections.
         | 
         | Universal healthcare and German-style childcare would be huge
         | boons for USA's startups and small businesses. Maybe reverse
         | the decades long decline.
         | 
         | Something like UBI coupled with looser labor laws (easier to
         | fire, layoff) could allow EU startups to be more nimble, more
         | competitive.
        
         | watoc wrote:
         | As a European founder you can do exactly the same. You can hire
         | contractors in Europe and won't have to pay employer taxes,
         | mandatory PTO...
         | 
         | I don't think there is any difference if your company is in the
         | US or Europe. In both cases however you have to be careful that
         | your contractors don't get reclassified as permanent employees
         | if you hire them for too long (more than 2 years in a row and
         | 40 hours a week is risky).
        
         | ggrrhh_ta wrote:
         | Which European country are you referring to?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | teekert wrote:
           | The 1 year parenting leave makes me think Norway? Or anything
           | Scandinavian at least... here in the Netherlands it's
           | something like 16 weeks for women and 7 days for men? It was
           | 2 days last year but it recently changed.
        
             | fnomnom wrote:
             | germany has the same (1 year) but doesnt have a 33 day PTO
             | minimum.
        
         | euorme wrote:
         | You're cheating the system, though. The system exists in order
         | to support the way of life in these countries, by bringing your
         | American employment attitudes to Europe you're not really
         | building a company in Europe by any measure: you're building an
         | American company. Your company is benefitting from the robust
         | systems in Europe, without contributing. There are people you
         | want to hire in Europe _because of people paying their share of
         | taxes_. If you don't want to pay employment taxes, if you don't
         | want to offer maternity leave... stick to America.
         | 
         | Personally, I think there is a strong argument to make for the
         | value of America-style lax employment rules when it comes to
         | startups, absolutely, but please don't bring those to Europe by
         | gaming the system. Hiring people as contractors to avoid
         | obligations is an age old way to game the system, and
         | eventually you'll be caught and face penalties (unless you're
         | smarter about it, so I guess my advice is actually: be smarter
         | about it (don't announce it on HN for example!)).
        
           | bluecalm wrote:
           | You have to admit though that maternity leave from day one
           | which often comes with obligations like keeping the position
           | open (so you have to fire someone who has already being doing
           | the job for a year+ if the mother comes back) is a ridiculous
           | requirement. Sure, it makes sense for a huge employer where
           | those things are just cost of doing business and you can
           | afford to hire enough people to cover for that. It absolutely
           | kills small businesses though.
           | 
           | Fortunately people find ways around those laws and
           | governments in developing countries don't care much but it
           | puts you in position to fight the law from day one. The
           | culture in Europe needs to change if we want people trying
           | their hands on small businesses more.
           | 
           | I own a small successful business. I will never hire any
           | employees. That's why I avoid working with anyone in my
           | country and will not open an office. Frankly I would prefer
           | to close shop and enjoy the rest of my life in an
           | unproductive way than to deal with the burden of government
           | regulations when it comes to employing people.
           | 
           | Hiring someone just for them to go on maternity leave after 2
           | months and then coming back (or not, not allowed to ask when)
           | in 1/1.5/2 years and me being forced to find replacement
           | while keeping the position open? Seriously, for a company
           | which would have at most several employees and where everyone
           | has their distinct role?
        
             | dcolkitt wrote:
             | The problem (and this extends to many policies in the US as
             | well) is that it's deceptively easy to offload the cost of
             | welfare benefits to employers. Paid maternity leave is just
             | welfare for new mothers. I'm not saying that's a bad thing,
             | but it is what it is. But paying someone not to work is
             | welfare.
             | 
             | However the government handing out welfare checks is not
             | very popular. Even taking welfare brings up images of
             | government cheese. Often middle class people won't avail
             | themselves of these programs even if they qualify.
             | 
             | So from a policy perspective we solve this by making the
             | employer administer the welfare program and call it an
             | "employment benefit". Now it goes from a source of shame to
             | a marker of status. Benefits are something enjoyed by
             | middle-class professionals.
             | 
             | This all works out fine for large companies, where the law
             | of large numbers makes these costs statistically
             | predictable and easy to hedge. But it's a huge unmanageable
             | risk for small business. If you're in a four person startup
             | and one person goes on paid maternity leave for a year,
             | your company is pretty much dead.
        
           | karaterobot wrote:
           | Does cheating the system just mean you disagree with it, or
           | do you maintain that he's breaking the law? Or that
           | regulators aren't aware of this practice? I'm not sure what
           | cheating means here: usually it means breaking the rules, but
           | that's not happening based on what he described.
        
             | euorme wrote:
             | Every country within Europe is different in some capacity
             | so it's difficult to say with absolute certainty that he is
             | breaking the law -- the language in my comment was vague
             | because I'm mostly addressing the spirit of his behaviour,
             | rather than the law. That said, certainly in my European
             | country he would be open to issues with the tax authority
             | if he were to attract their attention.
             | 
             | The United States is very permissive when it comes to
             | employment, the majority of states could be described as
             | "anything goes" (relative to Europe) and so dodging
             | employment taxes is pretty much fair game... whereas in
             | Europe a lot of regulation exist very specifically to
             | address companies organising their business in this way.
             | I'd be very surprised if he didn't face significant fines
             | (I don't know of any examples of this behaviour leading to
             | prison terms, but significant fines are very common and
             | serve as a deterrent).
        
             | mattmanser wrote:
             | What he's doing is not legal, and legally tax avoidance, in
             | a lot of European countries.
             | 
             | What he's describing is known as a disguised
             | employee/employment, and they or all their workers
             | (probably their workers if they're operating as
             | 'companies') might suddenly find themselves open for
             | massive tax bills for unpaid employment taxes in their
             | country.
             | 
             | On top of that, this setup is open for the disguised
             | employees being able to sue the company for unpaid holiday
             | + benefits.
             | 
             | Probably never get noticed at that scale though. And can't
             | say for certain as he hasn't listed the country, but if
             | this was happening in the UK, I'm 90% certain it'd be
             | classified as tax avoidance in the UK, and all the
             | 'employees' would be on the hook for something like 14%
             | employer national insurance contributions. The big problem
             | HMRC would have is that no-one's paying the employer NIC,
             | and as his employees are officially the companies, they'd
             | be on the hook for it.
        
           | eplanit wrote:
           | Since when is "the system" the thing that is supposed to win?
           | To me, it seems more like the system is cheating the startup.
           | 
           | There's validity in working around or gaming systems so that
           | a company has a chance of growing and thriving. The tactics
           | used (contractors instead of employees, etc.) are perfectly
           | legal. People are getting paid per an agreement, and they
           | spend their income in their country/society, which disperses
           | the benefits. A startup saddled with year (or two) long
           | maternity leave and other such extreme requirements would
           | make the risk too high.
           | 
           | These regulations create a regulatory capture situation where
           | only large, established, or very well financed businesses can
           | survive. Kudos to the agile and clever startups that find
           | ways to make it, regardless. One should be on the side of the
           | people, not the system.
        
             | brnt wrote:
             | I usually forgive Americans for not knowing this, but 'the
             | system' is something we've built up together to help
             | ourselves and organize ourselves. Unemployment is a
             | statistically calculable fact, so we can plan for it.
             | 
             | That systems tend to start living their own lives is of
             | course the challenge, because indeed the point of this
             | system is not the system, but to help ourselves. Like
             | democracy, it requires indefinite maintenance, upgrades and
             | changes. But that does not mean it's bad, it means people
             | are a hard problem.
        
             | euorme wrote:
             | As a sweeping generalisation: Europe has chosen to value
             | more stable employment opportunities with lower potential
             | upside over highly volatile employment opportunities with
             | larger potential upside. America has chosen the opposite.
             | You're speaking as if there's an absolute truth in which
             | model is better, but as we're finding in this very thread,
             | American people are coming to Europe to build businesses
             | (and Europeans are going to America to do the reverse).
             | 
             | I won't rehash what brnt has said in their reply, but I
             | will echo their sentiment: The System is me and my friends
             | and my family and my co-workers working together to provide
             | healthcare and education and security to each other. I pay
             | taxes for that reason.
        
           | ChicagoBoy11 wrote:
           | I strongly disagree with your point, but it is well-
           | articulated and I also felt the need to upvote given the LISP
           | syntax.
        
           | biztos wrote:
           | I wouldn't say he's not contributing, I'd say he doesn't have
           | employees. Same would be true if he has his "team" on 1099 in
           | the US.
           | 
           | Outside of any moral questions, the risk here is that the
           | government may decide your group of happy startup contractors
           | are in fact employees, and then you're in for some massively
           | distracting and expensive restructuring (at best) or legal
           | sanctions and maybe losing your team (at worst).
           | 
           | So yeah, it's easier, but that's because it's cheat mode, not
           | because he's American. You could use any offshore company for
           | the same thing.
        
             | bingohbangoh wrote:
             | There are lots of laws over if your employee is a
             | contractor or full-time. Many, _many_ companies butt heads
             | with local labor boards who decide that a given employee is
             | actually full-time and thus entitled to a bunch of
             | different protections.
             | 
             | Many regulations either don't exist in Europe or are under-
             | enforced. For instance, Germany did not outlaw insider
             | trading until ~2003. There's a strong chance that an
             | American hiring a contractor in, say, Romania will simply
             | not be prosecutable while an American hiring a contractor
             | in America will be. There's some legal term of art for this
             | that I can't recall off-hand.
        
       | gautamdivgi wrote:
       | Israel does extremely well with startups and exits
       | notwithstanding cultural differences (e.g. weekends are not the
       | same with the rest of the western world). What are the big
       | differences between what Europe does vs. what Israel does? Risk-
       | aversion may be one aspect but I doubt its the only one. There
       | are probably a whole lot of factors.
        
       | dgellow wrote:
       | IMHO the main issue in Europe is the lack of a common market. So
       | many different languages, cultures, and local regulations creates
       | A LOT of fragmentation. If you're in the US or China you have
       | access to a massive pool of potential customers as soon as you
       | release your product. In Europe that's not the case, all your
       | branding, marketing, or other content will have to be adapted to
       | a specific language or culture. So instead of the EU dream of a
       | EU market you have to take in account lot of small markets with
       | their own specificities.
        
       | mathverse wrote:
       | The term "european" is meaningless.It's all just bunch of
       | countries working under some framework. As a european there's no
       | shared success if one european company succeeds.And because of
       | that there's no synergic effects that would help "european"
       | companies to grow and improve.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | There is some though; there are little to no restrictions for
         | one country to use a service in another european country, or
         | traveling to visit it. No currency conversion needed either.
        
           | dukeyukey wrote:
           | Unless you live outside the EU, like in the UK, Norway, or
           | Switzerland. Or in a non-Euro country, like Sweden or Poland.
        
           | biztos wrote:
           | > or traveling to visit it
           | 
           | Except during Covid, which might last forever.
           | 
           | > No currency conversion needed either
           | 
           | Except when you need to transact literally anything outside
           | of the SEPA system, and then you have conversations _and_
           | bank fees and very little control over either.
        
             | mod50ack wrote:
             | Travelling within the EU during Covid is very easy. Just be
             | vaccinated and there are virtually zero barriers.
        
       | tlogan wrote:
       | I will list some problems / challenges Europe has:
       | 
       | - different languages: even with simple SaaS you might need to do
       | a demo.
       | 
       | - different cultures: marketing in Spain is different than in
       | Germany, different in Poland, etc. so market is very fragmented.
       | Even Germany is much more diverse than people think (the joke is:
       | Balkan starts just north of Munich)
       | 
       | - much more complex laws
       | 
       | - recruitment is harder: candidates are much more conservative.
       | 
       | - cultural similarities: entrepreneurs are considered as a
       | failure
       | 
       | It is just harder. Not impossible but harder.
        
       | solarkraft wrote:
       | That's pretty cool. It's also a testament to the lack of capital
       | for new stuff in the EU, which is sad, but at least _something_
       | is being done about it, and if it has to be foreign investment.
       | 
       | Thanks, guys.
        
       | wesleyverhoeve wrote:
       | Wondering which EU countries will take the lead here.
        
       | forgingahead wrote:
       | It's definitely good to see a strong increase in entrepreneurship
       | in Europe, though I do wonder whether the Y Combinator program
       | can keep up its quality and value-add as they themselves scale
       | up.
       | 
       | It's one thing to have weekly sessions with experienced leaders
       | like PG and others, and a small enough cohort whereby you can
       | swap stories and learn as you progress through the program. On an
       | industrial scale though, you lose a lot of that intimacy and you
       | have to default to cookie-cutter approaches. Learning via mentors
       | originally, vs. learning in the classroom currently.
       | 
       | I know many founders use Y Combinator as a badge of merit to
       | increase their chances of follow-on funding, but there is an
       | interesting question of how much value-add it now adds to the
       | original type of startup team (young, scrappy, more inexperience
       | than product-market-fit and customers).
        
         | ThePhysicist wrote:
         | The weekly video sessions that StartupSchool offers are great.
         | I participated in them during the first batch when they were
         | led by YC alumns (I think now they're just self-organized),
         | they basically just consist of people taking turns telling the
         | group what they did last week and what they plan to do this
         | week. In retrospect it was really great thing and helped me
         | enormously to focus and make progress. Especially as a solo
         | founder it's hard to keep focused as there's no one to "yell"
         | at you if you're getting distracted, so having a group of peers
         | that are in the same situation and that provide a bit of social
         | pressure and encouragement was really great. Also, people would
         | sometimes share stuff they struggle with, which also helped a
         | lot to put things in perspective as startup life can get pretty
         | grim, so it helps to laugh about failures with other people.
         | 
         | Really sad they
        
           | ant6n wrote:
           | I think something guy cut off. Aren't all these videos
           | available online still as part of the startup school
           | material?
        
             | ThePhysicist wrote:
             | Ah my mistake, I originally though they discontinued these
             | but actually they still exist, albeit without being led by
             | YC alumns (I think).
        
       | antupis wrote:
       | This is basically failure in European startup ecosystem that
       | companies needs to go SF, but good for Y Combinator and SF that
       | they can attract best talent.
        
         | _fizz_buzz_ wrote:
         | If the headline had been "only 1% of Y Combinator startups are
         | European", there would have also been a comment on how this was
         | a failure of the European startup ecosystem ;)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | raverbashing wrote:
         | "Need to go", you're saying like only YC is financing startups
         | anywhere.
         | 
         | Most won't even bother. And YC is not the only way to get funds
         | (not even in the US)
        
         | lrem wrote:
         | It's not "European startup ecosystem", it's basically "European
         | societies". Imagine how well would SV work if being involved in
         | a bankrupt company (co-founder, major investor, C-suite) made
         | banks refuse to talk to you again for 10-20 years. I believe
         | that was the case in France. You wouldn't even be able to open
         | a checking account, never mention any credit again.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | > You wouldn't even be able to open a checking account, never
           | mention any credit again.
           | 
           | Is this just hearsay? It seems extreme, even for French
           | levels of bureaucracy.
        
             | aardshark wrote:
             | I'm fairly sure you have the right to a bank account under
             | French law, but banks have the right to refuse you as a
             | client.
             | 
             | This means that if you get rejected as a client by enough
             | banks you can go to the Banque de France and they will
             | select a bank that is then obligated to provide you with an
             | account.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | I don't get why they'd refuse you a checking account,
               | even if you were the founder or one (or several bankrupt)
               | companies. Would they be worried you wouldn't pay their
               | crummy fees? :-)
        
               | p4bl0 wrote:
               | In practice they don't. The comment to which you reply is
               | 100% correct.
        
             | gyulai wrote:
             | Not only is it not just hearsay: In some European countries
             | it's even enshrined in law. For example in Austria, the
             | leader of a company ("gewerberechtlicher Geschaftsfuhrer"),
             | including sole traderships, partnerships, and legal
             | entities, cannot be a person who, within the past X years
             | (can't remember what X is) has been in bankruptcy in any
             | country in the world. The authorities check the relevant
             | Austrian register before giving you a business permit. For
             | a person who has not lived in Austria for that stretch of
             | time, you have to bring proof from the countries you've
             | lived in, that you're not in bankruptcy there either. For
             | some countries, this can be pretty hard to prove, as the
             | relevant registers may simply not exist there. I remember
             | it being a major bureaucratic hurdle when I moved from the
             | U.K. to Austria (being an Austrian native) to start a
             | business there.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | I think you're missing my point.
               | 
               | I understand being banned from <<starting a new
               | business>> after failing repeatedly. A bit extreme, but
               | ok, it makes sense a bit. But he was saying he was banned
               | from <<getting a bank account>> due to that.
               | 
               | It is extremely unlikely that you won't be able to get a
               | simple checking/deposit account at a commercial bank just
               | because you went bankrupt.
        
               | marvin wrote:
               | Norway even has a special term for someone who has failed
               | in entrepeneurship multiple times -- "bankruptcy jockey".
               | 
               | You won't be banned from starting a business from a
               | single bankruptcy, but if it happens multiple times
               | and/or creditors end up losing significant money over it,
               | you can be barred from starting a business for two years.
               | 
               | I don't think these rules often _directly_ prohibit a
               | promising entrepeneur from starting a business, but it 's
               | pretty obvious that the whole culture provides a strong
               | chilling effect.
        
             | maeln wrote:
             | I think he is confusing "interdit bancaire" and bankruptcy.
             | If you end up being put in the interdit bancaire file, yeah
             | life pretty much sucks and most bank will refuse to do
             | business with you. But having a company that go bankrupt
             | doesn't mean you will be put in the file. You usually need
             | to do things like stop paying your loan to be put on this
             | file.
        
               | lrem wrote:
               | I likely am. The idea to try a startup in France was
               | _very_ short lived for me. Every card was stacked against
               | me (many particuarly against me /my ideas, not everything
               | is a reflection on society), so I moved on after just a
               | few conversations.
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | > Every card was stacked against me
               | 
               | Considering the insane amount of funds France will
               | literally gift you just for opening a startup there, I
               | find that very surprising. You have to be good at paper
               | pushing and speak the language however. That much is
               | true.
        
               | lrem wrote:
               | Yeah, my French is not what it should have been and I
               | contracted an allergy to the French bureaucracy. Quite a
               | bit of the whole thing is on me, no denying that.
               | 
               | A good friend is doing it now and it's not like he's
               | swimming in cash though.
        
               | maeln wrote:
               | Yeah, to do any business in France, your _really_ need to
               | speak French. The French bureaucracy is not that bad
               | (when you compare it to some of its neighbour) but in the
               | same vein, it will be impossible to deal with it if you
               | don 't have a good grasp of French.
               | 
               | France cares a lot about French and its honestly an issue
               | many time (and I say this as a French person). Things are
               | changing slowly, but anybody serious about moving /
               | opening a business in France should be serious about
               | learning French. You would be astonished by the number of
               | engineer, investor, and in general any business person,
               | who have an awful level in any other language than
               | French...
        
           | StreamBright wrote:
           | Exactly. If you live in a safe and secured society why would
           | you want to do something risky like creating a startup. One
           | of the biggest success for the EU startup scene was just
           | copying what is done in California, avoiding the risk of
           | trying out new ideas.
           | 
           | On the top of that, regulation in the EU is much worse than
           | in the US. This does not help either.
        
             | CrLf wrote:
             | "If you live in a safe and secured society why would you
             | want to do something risky like creating a startup."
             | 
             | Isn't that just another way of saying "quality of life"?
        
               | StreamBright wrote:
               | Depends what you are looking for. If you are in your 20s
               | / 30s you might want to have higher salary and less
               | social safety. Later in your life this changes. Many
               | Europeans (including myself) went to work in California
               | for higher wages and less taxation. Some of us wanted to
               | have family and moved back. Quality of life is subjective
               | above a certain threshold.
        
             | RobertoG wrote:
             | It seems to me that this article is saying exactly the
             | opposite of what you say.
             | 
             | The article is about how Europeans, that live in that "safe
             | and secured society", are creating more startups than
             | before.
             | 
             | >>"On the top of that, regulation in the EU is much worse
             | than in the US. This does not help either. "
             | 
             | If you check those start-ups you can see that most of them
             | are joining Y-combinator but they stay in Europe. So, also
             | the opposite of what you are implying.
        
               | StreamBright wrote:
               | >> "safe and secured society"
               | 
               | What is the distribution of Eastern vs Western Europeans
               | in the sample?
        
               | RobertoG wrote:
               | ==Cyprus== Malloc
               | 
               | ==Denmark== Gamerpay , Female Invest , Zoios
               | 
               | ==Estonia== Membo
               | 
               | ==France== Whaly , Carbonfact , Numary , Cafe , Hera ,
               | Crew , PaletteHQ
               | 
               | ==Finland== Kapacity.io
               | 
               | ==Germany== Snowboard Software , Moving Parts , QOA ,
               | HeyCharge
               | 
               | ==Ireland== Luminate Medical , Noloco , Protex AI
               | 
               | ==Netherlands= Quest , Orderli , Echoes HQ
               | 
               | ==Poland== Enso
               | 
               | ==Romania== Archbee
               | 
               | ==Spain== Solarmente , Payflow , Arengu
               | 
               | ==Switzerland== Pabio , Adaptyv Biosystems
               | 
               | ==UK== Appollo , Shopscribe , Digistain , Abatable ,
               | Heimdal , StudyStream , Teamspace , Genei , Sitenna ,
               | Onfolk , SigmaOS
               | 
               | ==USA== Beau , Iona Mind , Synder , Awesomic
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | People in European societies still feel need for some
             | thrill. I think the problem is a bit different. Language
             | and cultural barriers are still meaningful. I am a Czech
             | and I know shit about selling to Romanians or Portuguese
             | customers; even if I was able to pay for professional
             | translation of my products AND customer support in 20-25
             | languages, my cultural ignorance would be still a
             | significant hurdle.
             | 
             | USA and Anglosphere in general is HUGE. China is HUGE. The
             | closest thing to that in the EU is DACH (Germany, Austria,
             | Switzerland), about 100 million rich people speaking the
             | same language.
             | 
             | But precisely Germany is a fairly technologically
             | conservative country with median age close to 46, where
             | people are much less keen on new technology than in, say,
             | Estonia; ironically, the fact that older systems work
             | reliably reduces the drive to adopt new ones.
             | 
             | And smaller markets like Estonian or Danish one will not
             | provide you with as much growth opportunity.
        
               | bserge wrote:
               | If you're selling a technical solution, why would you
               | even touch cultural differences? I bet you'd be
               | successful if you could afford the extra costs of
               | translation/marketing.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | Cultural differences hugely affect the marketing, and in
               | some cases the market; you couldn't sell a tipping
               | management app to somewhere without a tipping culture,
               | for example.
        
               | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
               | Another example - a friend of mine tried to expand to
               | Poland and was surprised that using payment cards
               | significantly reduced appeal of his solution.
               | 
               | eBay was also a spectacular failure because they
               | disregarded local competition.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | Well that is why Linux is successful around the planet.
               | It really does not touch any soft cultural differences.
               | Geeks and their needs are similar everywhere.
               | 
               | Something like a food delivery corp. on the other hand
               | must know precisely what to expect from which holidays
               | etc. There is a fairly successful Czech startup called
               | Rohlik that expanded to Hungary, Austria and Germany, but
               | every added country is a challenge.
               | 
               | https://techcrunch.com/2021/06/30/rohlik-
               | raises-119m-at-a-1-...
               | 
               | BTW Translation is probably cheaper than support.
               | Customers will often demand support in their native
               | language.
        
               | bserge wrote:
               | Takeaway.com is a Dutch company operating in half of
               | Europe including Romania and Poland.
        
               | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
               | The Polish one was an acquisition of a local company
               | which knew the market, which further proves that
               | penetrating new markets in the EU is difficult.
               | 
               | See this article:
               | 
               | https://www.pulshr.pl/wywiad/arkadiusz-krupicz-
               | wspolzalozyci...
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | I do not claim it is outright impossible. The hurdles are
               | higher, though.
        
               | skrebbel wrote:
               | Much of their expansion was through mergers and
               | acquisitions of locally founded companies.
        
               | raverbashing wrote:
               | "Extra costs of translation/market" you're saying it like
               | it's a byline
               | 
               | It is more complicated than that for things moderately
               | complex.
        
             | A_non_e-moose wrote:
             | Yep that same scary regulation that is intended to hinder
             | businesses from selling me food with hydrogenated fats,
             | overloaded with sugar or salt, that same regulation that
             | forces auto manufacturers to not create exclusive
             | overpriced repair consortiums for basic parts, and that
             | generally makes life a bit less corporately tyrannical.
             | 
             | Shareholder value is only nice if you're a significant
             | shareholder, and it is disproportionately nice to those
             | shareholders at the cost of others, when lobbying overtakes
             | regulation.
        
               | dfee wrote:
               | > that same regulation that forces auto manufacturers to
               | not create exclusive overpriced repair consortiums for
               | basic parts
               | 
               | My diesel jetta would like a word with you and your
               | picky-choosy.
               | 
               | Just kidding, America cracked down and forced VW to buy
               | it back with a penalty kicker.
               | 
               | Point is - these sorts of arguments are silly.
        
               | StreamBright wrote:
               | >> overloaded with sugar or salt
               | 
               | I think you live in a different region.
               | 
               | https://corporateeurope.org/sites/default/files/a_spoonfu
               | l_o...
               | 
               | https://corporateeurope.org/en/pressreleases/2016/07/food
               | -lo...
               | 
               | https://www.livestrong.com/article/464851-why-is-high-
               | fructo...
               | 
               | https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/default/files/nutrition
               | _ph...
        
             | Grustaf wrote:
             | > On the top of that, regulation in the EU is much worse
             | than in the US
             | 
             | Worse as in better for consumers and citizens, but more
             | costly for companies that can't do exactly what they want?
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | EU regulation generally doesn't have "de minimis"
               | exemptions. If you have something that takes a flat cost
               | of EUR10k or EUR100k to comply with, that burdens small
               | businesses much more than large businesses, and a startup
               | is a small business in the beginning.
               | 
               | Theoretically if you want to build an electronic product
               | and sell one (1) unit of it in the EU you need to give it
               | the full works of CE compliance. I don't believe UL/FCC
               | are quite so onerous? And certainly this doesn't apply to
               | random items in unmarked packages from China.
        
               | raverbashing wrote:
               | I was curious about this so went to Google.
               | https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-
               | requirements/l...
               | 
               | So it seems it's not that clear cut that you need it (and
               | it can be self assessed). But yeah, if it's an electronic
               | device that plugs into the wall or connects to WiFi
               | probably yes - or at least the modules that do that)
        
             | jstx1 wrote:
             | > If you live in a safe and secured society why would you
             | want to do something risky like creating a startup
             | 
             | Safe and secure unlike... California? The founders of US
             | startups are already in very advantageous positions in
             | life. In fact that security helps with taking business
             | risks which is the opposite of what you're claiming.
        
             | scrollaway wrote:
             | People creating startups in the US aren't those who are in
             | unsafe / insecure environments. It's those who can afford
             | to fail.
        
             | piva00 wrote:
             | The difference isn't having a huge market with a more-or-
             | less homogeneous culture on consumption and language, it is
             | that Europe is a safe and secured society, completely
             | different than fucking California.
             | 
             | Not sure what is your point here, you brush off a lot of
             | the real nuances of the problem to throw an
             | overgeneralising jab onto 27 different cultures...
        
           | awelkie wrote:
           | There was an article on this in The Economist recently.
           | Apparently what you're describing is no longer the case.
           | 
           | https://www.economist.com/business/2021/08/14/one-way-to-
           | mak...
        
             | gyulai wrote:
             | It's a pretty regular occurrence for the political PR
             | machinery to try to get stories published that basically
             | say that (thanks to some politician's doing) European
             | region X is now going to be the next silicon valley.
             | ...none of that ever actually filters through to the daily
             | realities of a European entrepreneur. ...omg, the war
             | stories I could tell, being an E.U. entrepreneur who was
             | dumb enough for large stretches of time to believe the
             | hype.
        
           | Grustaf wrote:
           | I don't think this is the case, in France or anywhere.
           | 
           | And I'm certain it's not the reason SV creates more startups.
           | The real reason is that this is where startups were invented,
           | so for historical reasons the concentration of capital and
           | talent is extremely high.
        
             | quietbritishjim wrote:
             | > SV ... is where startups were invented
             | 
             | What exactly do you think "startup" means? To me, the word
             | just means a new small business. Such things have been
             | around for centuries, before the USA even existed never
             | mind SV. That's true even if you take startup to mean
             | specifically those taking large outside capital with a goal
             | to grow large quickly (which I don't think is necessary, a
             | bootstrapped startup is still a startup IMO).
        
               | Grustaf wrote:
               | If you take it to mean "new small business" then there is
               | no lack of startups in Europe, or Bangladesh for that
               | matter.
               | 
               | I'm using the word in the Paul Graham sense, new
               | companies that aim for really fast growth.
               | 
               | And yeah, that also sort of existed before SV but I think
               | you actually know what I mean.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | antupis wrote:
           | I think it is set of different problems Southern Europe and
           | France are almost hostile to entrepreneurship and startups.
           | Nordics, Baltic and Benelux countries mostly nail culture and
           | regulatory frameworks but small markets slows down starting
           | and scaling business. Personally I don't know what is problem
           | with Germany probably something to do with how German is
           | organised around manufacturing.
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | In my experience the UK has a very simple and friendly
             | system and, I believe, London has grown into an European
             | centre for startups and funding. France makes things
             | overly-complicated and costly for the sake of it, not just
             | for entrepreneurs but for everyone, this is very puzzling
             | (and I was born there!).
        
               | antupis wrote:
               | Yeah did not add UK because Brexit but I agree that UK
               | and especially London is best location to start startup
               | in Europe.
        
               | mod50ack wrote:
               | Wonder how Ireland will be affected due to their status
               | as an English-speaking country with major business
               | operations already there that's uniquely able to hire
               | effortlessly from both the UK and EU.
        
           | qwerty456127 wrote:
           | AFAIK banks are legally required to open checking accounts on
           | demand of any resident in Germany, no matter their
           | background. But I am not sure, just a rumor.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | gyulai wrote:
             | Not just a rumor. If you speak the right incantations at
             | the counter, invoking the relevant legal reference, a bank
             | in Germay will be obliged to give you a "basic bank
             | account" with no credit facilities of any kind. There's
             | also nothing stopping them from making that bank account
             | the least attractive bank account you've ever heard of by
             | charging insanely high fees and prohibiting you from using
             | the regular ATM network, restricting you to just a few
             | machines in a restricted geographical area.
        
               | qwerty456127 wrote:
               | > If you speak the right incantations at the counter,
               | invoking the relevant legal reference
               | 
               | What are these?
               | 
               | > There's also nothing stopping them from making that
               | bank account the least attractive bank account you've
               | ever heard of
               | 
               | Why would they want to? What do they actually risk?
               | 
               | > restricting you to just a few machines in a restricted
               | geographical area.
               | 
               | Officially area-specific or just through the specific
               | kind of machines accepting specific kind of cards being
               | absent outside of it? I've heard of the unreasonably
               | complicated system of types of cards in Germany: normal
               | debit, "electronic cash" etc.
        
               | hectormalot wrote:
               | For the Netherlands. There is the concept of the 'basic
               | bank account'. This is an agreement that safeguards that
               | everyone can have at least 1 bank account. [1]
               | 
               | You can't open an account like this if you already have
               | an account. You can't pick the bank either. You're
               | obliged to go to your last bank for this type of account.
               | The price is fixed at the same level as the normal
               | accounts. You can even have this account if you're
               | homeless and don't have an address. Typical requests are
               | done via support organisations rather than yourself, but
               | it is is possible to do it yourself as well.
               | 
               | At least in the Dutch situation I don't see them
               | introducing deliberately unattractive pricing or
               | conditions once you have the bank account. There is a
               | burden to open one though.
               | 
               | That said, I don't think bankruptcy would usually result
               | in being account-less. More likely, you can't get a
               | credit card, mortgage or other consumer loans, which can
               | be inconvenient. Personal bankruptcy (as opposed to an
               | LLC imploding) also likely means a few years of handing
               | over all your income above minimum wage to the government
               | in exchange for nullifying your outstanding debt. (Note
               | that the Netherlands mostly runs on debit cards, and that
               | most people don't have a credit card).
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.basisbankrekening.nl
        
               | gyulai wrote:
               | > > If you speak the right incantations at the counter,
               | invoking the relevant legal reference
               | 
               | > What are these?
               | 
               | "Basiskonto nach SS 31 Zahlungskontengesetz" [1], and
               | tell them that you are aware that the regulator BaFin has
               | a specific process in place for complaints about banks
               | who refuse an application for a basic account [2]
               | 
               | > > There's also nothing stopping them from making that
               | bank account the least attractive bank account you've
               | ever heard of
               | 
               | > Why would they want to? What do they actually risk?
               | 
               | My theory is that it has to do with outdated technology
               | in the German banking sector that implies that it's
               | actually impossible for them to make absolutely sure
               | through technology that your account can't end up in
               | overdraft.
               | 
               | > > restricting you to just a few machines in a
               | restricted geographical area.
               | 
               | > Officially area-specific or just through the specific
               | kind of machines accepting specific kind of cards being
               | absent outside of it? I've heard of the unreasonably
               | complicated system of types of cards in Germany: normal
               | debit, "electronic cash" etc.
               | 
               | The reasons are a bit difficult. In Germany there is the
               | "Sparkasse", which is a network of small banks local to
               | municipalities and where the municipalities have large
               | ownership stakes (so it's weirdly-state-owned). They are
               | legally separate but share a backoffice. Last time I did
               | research on this the situation was this: The Sparkasse-
               | network has more than twice as many ATM-machines than all
               | the other banks (like Commerzbank, Deutsche Bank, foreign
               | banks) combined. A normal bank account at one of the
               | branches of Sparkasse will give you access to their whole
               | network. But a basic bank account will only give you
               | access to the ATM machines by that specific branch, which
               | ends up being highly restrictive geographically. If you
               | get a normal bank account from, say, Commerzbank, you can
               | use the entire network of non-Sparkasse-ATMs, i.e. use
               | all Commerzbank-machines countrywide, plus all Deutsche
               | Bank machines, etc. But if you get a basic account,
               | they'll restrict you to just the machines by Commerzbank,
               | which are few and far between, but, at least that would
               | give you some semblance of country-wide coverage. ...long
               | story short, life really sucks with a basic bank account,
               | even if you don't want/need credit.
               | 
               | [1] http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/zkg/ZKG.pdf
               | 
               | [2] https://www.bafin.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Formular
               | /dl_fo_...
        
               | qwerty456127 wrote:
               | Very informative. Thank you.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | That's what I'm thinking; you can't pay bills or receive
             | wages without a bank account.
             | 
             | But I can see not being able to get any credit though, if
             | the European or country-local equivalent of a credit score
             | is not good enough.
        
               | qwerty456127 wrote:
               | Do start-ups actually use bank loans? I thought they
               | mostly are funded by private investors who take risks
               | more practically.
        
         | dmitriid wrote:
         | No. European "companies" look to the US and see that you can
         | lose billions of unlimited investor money for years with no
         | repercussions and no negative consequences for the founders.
         | 
         | Now "successful" European startups want in on the money.
         | 
         | YC's "most successful startups" routinely lose hundreds of
         | millions of dollars every year:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27485360
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | Heh, "business" dumping:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumping_(pricing_policy)
        
           | lifty wrote:
           | We have to prevent deflation so money is cheap, and the tech
           | sector is one of the first in line to get it. We have it good
           | folks, cash in while the music is playing.
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | there is also a lot of money thrown in businesses in the form
           | of EU subsidies. YC gives a miniscule amount of money
           | ($125K), i believe european entrepreneurs can (and do) milk
           | naive US VCs for a lot more than what YC offers.
           | 
           | The YC data is clear about one thing: if you remove the need
           | to travel to the US , a lot more europeans flock to YC. We
           | 've become a terribly sclerotic continent and it's very
           | visible now. I believe things will get a lot better after we
           | hit rock bottom.
        
             | rapsey wrote:
             | > there is also a lot of money thrown in businesses in the
             | form of EU subsidies.
             | 
             | And that money is mostly a complete waste. EU money comes
             | with so many strings and baggage that you are either big
             | enough and have the resources to deal with it (and thus you
             | don't actually need it), or you are small and make it your
             | entire business model to live off EU funds and not produce
             | anything of value ever.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | That's unfortunate, and also ironic - most of those
               | strings weren't there initially; they were added _because
               | of_ "entrepreneurs" stealing the funds and producing
               | nothing of value.
        
               | rapsey wrote:
               | The root of the problem is that the EU funding system is
               | just a bad way of going about funding innovation. The US
               | private VC model is superior in every way.
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | > The US private VC model is superior in every way.
               | 
               | You do realize that most of the innovation the US pride
               | itself about was in fact directly funded by the state
               | through DARPA, the NSF, NASA and military contracts:
               | Fairchild Semiconductor, the internet, Google, Space X,
               | Moderna...
        
               | _-david-_ wrote:
               | The government isn't funding a lot of those things now.
               | Also, Europe has access to the new technology that came
               | out of the US government funding so it is irrelevant to
               | bring it up. Europe has access to the internet, they have
               | a space program, etc.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | How is it superior? I linked to a description of YC's
               | _top_ companies: they lose _hundreds of millions of
               | dollars a year_.
               | 
               | Aren't successful companies supposed to, you know, earn
               | money and turn a profit? Or is superiority is strictly in
               | the amount of money thrown at unbelievably unprofitable
               | companies?
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | > How is it superior?
               | 
               | First, you have to compare EU today with US of the 00s
               | when there were actual new ideas in the market and
               | profitable companies. The current US startup market may
               | have been taken over by grubby marketers who market
               | themselves as entrepreneurs, they may be buying their way
               | to user growth, and may fail, but it doesnt matter.
               | Because the big guys have cornered and monopolized every
               | fundamental infrastructure , are already bringing in tons
               | and tons of cash, and basically guarantee the cash flow
               | towards that ecosystem ... forever. Whatever money is
               | burnt in AWS ends up back in the same SV ecosystem.
               | That's sustainable.
               | 
               | Now, take for example the EU's H2020 system that funds
               | partnerships between academia and industry. There are a
               | lot of fancy proposals in there, with fancy names and
               | fancy-sounding tech. And most of them deliver exactly
               | what they describe in the proposal. If you look closely,
               | most of the projects are minimum and viable, but they are
               | not products. And when the project ends, there isn't a
               | push to continue the project if the partners don't want
               | to, even the bureaucrat in charge of it may be a
               | different person at that time. While on the other hand ,
               | a VC acts as a permanent point of reference who has long-
               | term-interest and investment in seeing the idea bear
               | fruit.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | To be fair, US model produces both. The same regulatory
               | and cultural burden that makes EU an infertile ground for
               | money-burning billion-dollar scams also makes it harder
               | for decent companies to create useful innovations[0] in
               | general.
               | 
               | I feel we could use a little more easy capital in double-
               | digit million EUR range, but retain or even improve the
               | friction above low triple-digit million EUR. Basically:
               | experimentation is good. Unchecked growth from zero to
               | multinational behemoth is not always so good.
               | 
               | There are two hard problems though:
               | 
               | 1. At the lower end, it's very hard to distinguish a
               | legit experimentation from a scam. We already have too
               | many fly-by-night small businesses preying on the
               | population. I'm not sure how to fuel more legit startups
               | without making the latter problem worse - as we can tell
               | from the EU grants, adding more strings tends to kill
               | good businesses faster than bad ones.
               | 
               | 2. At the upper end, big corporations are geopolitical
               | weapons. Nations and blocs like EU are always in conflict
               | with others; currently, it's mostly economical warfare.
               | This means that any country or bloc tends to be _happy_
               | if they can spawn a billion-dollar company.
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | [0] - Where by "useful innovation" I mean one that's
               | ultimately yielding a net positive value for the society,
               | and is not purely a business model innovation like it's
               | common with so many hot tech companies these days.
        
               | rapsey wrote:
               | Quoting the end of you post.
               | 
               | > The vast majority is fuelled by litrerally endless
               | investor money with only two modes of operation: corner
               | the market (that is, outlive other competitors who don't
               | have such an unlimited amount of money) or get sold.
               | 
               | Yes that is the business model and business is good. As
               | opposed to EU which is a wasteland where nothing grows.
               | Lots of businesses are built to be sold to larger
               | businesses. It makes sense and there is nothing wrong
               | with this model. As for investing in money losing
               | enterprises, so what? If investors are willing to do it
               | let them.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _Yes that is the business model and business is good._
               | 
               | Not necessarily. A "wasteland where nothing grows" is
               | obviously bad, but... there's a reason we don't let
               | nature to optimize crops for growth, nor do we do it
               | ourselves. We grow crops _for food_. We literally care
               | about the fruits of their labor. And so is with
               | businesses - the social value of a business is in the
               | prosperity it creates for the people.
               | 
               | The SV growth model, at the extreme, is overfitting the
               | "growth -> acquisition" path - often creating negative
               | value for the society, by disrupting an existing market
               | with an offering that's too good to be true, subsidized
               | by infinite investor money, and then leaving a gaping
               | void after burning out or getting acquired. This would be
               | like a crop plant that first releases poison into the
               | soil, killing competing crop species, then sucks out all
               | nutrients and dies without producing edible fruit. It's
               | not something you'd like to grow on your field either.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | > Yes that is the business model and business is good. As
               | opposed to EU which is a wasteland where nothing grows.
               | 
               | Endlessly burning through infinite cash isn't a good
               | business model. And it ultimately results in a
               | significantly worse wasteland than the perceived
               | wasteland of Europe.
               | 
               | Where in Europe you have lots of companies in lots of
               | different markets, in the US you have continuous price
               | dumping that drives away any and all competition (unless
               | that competition has more infinite money), and preys on
               | people.
               | 
               | For example, the explosive growth of gig economy is the
               | direct result of this "good business model". And who
               | woulda thunk it, but predators like Doordash are
               | predictably a "YC Top Company".
        
               | rapsey wrote:
               | > Where in Europe you have lots of companies in lots of
               | different markets
               | 
               | In Europe you have lots of companies in lots of limited
               | local markets unable to grow out of them because they
               | have no funding options available to them.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | On limited local markets:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28286789
        
               | bongoman37 wrote:
               | As long as there are a few companies producing billions,
               | the system can sustain hundreds of companies soling
               | millions and still come out ahead.
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | > with so many strings
               | 
               | I have found the strings to be bureaucratic, not
               | material, which has turned many small european businesses
               | to paperwork factories.
        
             | dmitriid wrote:
             | > there is also a lot of money thrown in businesses in the
             | form of EU subsidies.
             | 
             | Show me any subsidy in the EU that supports a business
             | losing 500 million dollars a year for 10 years.
             | 
             | > We 've become a terribly sclerotic continent
             | 
             | No. The US has become reckless with money, and the concept
             | of a successful business has been entirely substituted by
             | "but this unbelievably unprofitable company with no chance
             | of ever earning money has an imaginary market cap of 50
             | billion dollars".
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | > that supports a business losing 500 million dollars a
               | year for 10 years.
               | 
               | That assumes that those startups get investment from
               | outside YC , which is not what i m talking about. Also,
               | the EU just approved a giant stimulus package which will
               | be used to support a lot of failing companies, just take
               | a look at the air carrier subsidies around the continent.
               | 
               | It's true that US is subsidizing unsustainable
               | businesses, probably in the hopes that something good
               | will come out of them regardless. But that doesnt change
               | the fact europe is repelling entrepreneurs.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | > That assumes that those startups get investment from
               | outside YC
               | 
               | Yes, they do. And that's the main difference between the
               | EU and the US. Especially with YC startups expect to get
               | significant investments after the incubator.
               | 
               | > Also, the EU just approved a giant stimulus package
               | which will be used to support a lot of failing companies
               | 
               | You do realize there have been two years of pandemic?
               | 
               | > But that doesnt change the fact europe is repelling
               | entrepreneurs.
               | 
               | What's your definition of entrepreneurs? A company that
               | always loses money "in the hopes that something good will
               | come out of them"?
               | 
               | The EU is a complex multi-lingual multi-cultural market
               | unlike the uniform US market flooded with unlimited
               | investor money. All of the "successful" incubators,
               | investors, startups would fail miserably here, outside
               | their near-ideal conditions.
        
       | dancemethis wrote:
       | Nope, will never understand how this Y Combinator thing is more
       | than HN. Nor how it's even remotely interesting.
        
       | streamofdigits wrote:
       | There are cultural and political barriers that segment the
       | European landscape like cracks in dry desert soil. From miserly
       | jealousy to parochialism, to excessive (and in parts corrupt)
       | bureaucracy, to very preliminary economic / financial / legal
       | integration, to (justified) lack of trust between European states
       | and long-held rivalries, its all here in abundance.
       | 
       | Maybe YC can see past all that malaise into a brighter European
       | future where startups scale and change the world :-)
       | 
       | ... or maybe its just funny money that is being spend on a deep
       | out of the money option.
        
       | qwerty456127 wrote:
       | Do they mostly move to the United States then?
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | If they want to do business in the US, they often do; the US
         | market is very protective and isolationist like that, for some
         | reason. An EU company doing business with an US based company
         | is a lot easier.
        
         | oblio wrote:
         | I wouldn't be surprised. Daniel Dines started UiPath in Romania
         | but for it to become truly global, he had to move to NY and
         | even incorporate the company there.
        
           | qwerty456127 wrote:
           | I don't want to insult Romania (and I actually am looking
           | forward to an opportunity to visit it, there apparently are
           | many spectacular places, nice people and delicious cuisine),
           | but AFAIK it's rather far from the best places in the EU from
           | the economic/social points of view, no surprise many people
           | prefer to emigrate on a good opportunity. I would be more
           | curious if founders still move to the US from Spain, Germany,
           | Switzerland, Netherlands, Ireland etc.
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | UIPath has a huge development office in Bucharest, most of
             | the company is there.
             | 
             | Don't kid yourself, he went to NY for the money :-))
        
         | awelkie wrote:
         | They at least need to incorporate in the US, Canada, Singapore,
         | or the Cayman Islands.
         | 
         | https://www.ycombinator.com/faq#q25
        
       | pjc50 wrote:
       | Payflow: https://www.payflow.es/ (surprisingly, no english
       | version)
       | 
       | This is a fantastic innovation if it takes off and if the charges
       | aren't prohibitive; it has the potential to obliterate predatory
       | payday lending. In a world of free instant automatic electronic
       | payments, there's no good reason to delay salary payments until
       | the end of the month.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | > it has the potential to obliterate predatory payday lending
         | 
         | Say you earn about $200 over expenses in a given month. Your
         | car suffers a problem that requires $1000 to repair. This is 5
         | months of income, but you probably want to repair the car at
         | the beginning of the 5 month period rather than the end.
         | 
         | How much of a difference will it make if your paycheck arrives
         | daily rather than semimonthly?
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | _Payday_ lending is usually considered to be for amounts that
           | are less than one month 's income.
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | And? Your monthly income is $200 _over expenses_.
        
         | Semaphor wrote:
         | I don't quite understand the benefit. Surely, if you have to
         | take loans to get over the month, this won't change anything as
         | your overall income is still the same. I guess for unexpected
         | expenses, you can bridge the gap one-time by borrowing from
         | future-you.
         | 
         | What am I missing?
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | Cashflow, the same as for busineses. If you don't have one
           | months' spare cash as a "float", then you may have to resort
           | to lending at the end of the month.
        
             | Semaphor wrote:
             | But again, this reduces next month's income. So you'll end
             | up having the same problem every month. Unlike with
             | companies, employed people's income doesn't vary between
             | months (or maybe it does for some?).
        
               | meheleventyone wrote:
               | Yes it's a trap which is why a lot of people see it as
               | predatory particularly as the interest rates are (used to
               | be?) obscene. Payday lending companies can become a leech
               | on poor people.
               | 
               | This looks a little different to the usual structure of
               | payday lending but still has the issue you point out.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | > So you'll end up having the same problem every month
               | 
               | Yes. This led to the UK FCA trying to ban rollover loans:
               | https://www.fca.org.uk/news/news-stories/tougher-rules-
               | payda...
               | 
               | > employed people's income doesn't vary between months
               | (or maybe it does for some?).
               | 
               | Exactly: gig economy, variable shift patterns, tipping,
               | benefit payments, delayed cheques, freelancers of all
               | sorts, delayed payment of debts by customers, seasonal
               | employment, sudden unemployment, seasonal expenses, etc.
               | 
               | (That said, this app only works for payments from one
               | employer, but I can see it working well for the service
               | industry)
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | _employed people's income doesn't vary between months._
               | 
               | As you mentioned for some it does (overtime etc.), but
               | even if 'gross' income doesn't vary month to month,
               | expenses can vary massively and so your total 'net'
               | income can be very different month to month.
        
             | Grustaf wrote:
             | The solution to that is not to live even closer to the
             | edge.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | The solution to being poor is to have more money, yes.
               | 
               | (You're going to reply to this with "just cut expenses",
               | to which I can pre-emptively reply that some of the
               | people in this situation are already choosing between
               | food and heating. I'm going to pre-emptively cite the
               | link from the other branch of the thread,
               | https://www.fca.org.uk/news/news-stories/tougher-rules-
               | payda...
               | 
               | > We found some firms were using [continuous payment
               | authority] as a debt collection method and that some
               | borrowers therefore had difficulties paying for
               | essentials such as food and heating.
               | 
               | )
        
               | Grustaf wrote:
               | Even if you assume that their income is entirely fixed, I
               | don't think you believe that all of them live exactly as
               | cheaply as they possibly can.
               | 
               | I'd say if you can possibly survive without the heating,
               | then it's better to do that for a while than borrowing
               | money and end up even more dependent on your salary,
               | being a week away from ruin rather than a month.
               | 
               | In short, payday lending is a short term solution that
               | make things worse in the long term, even when it is free
               | of interest.
        
               | scrollaway wrote:
               | "Thanks I'm cured"
               | 
               | What's your revolutionary idea there? People wouldn't be
               | poor if only they had more money?
        
               | Grustaf wrote:
               | It's not very revolutionary but making it easier for
               | people to save is a better long term solution than making
               | it easier to get into debt.
               | 
               | Remember that we are discussing this on a solutions
               | level, not an individual level.
        
               | scrollaway wrote:
               | Yeah, you don't have a solution, you're just using the
               | opportunity to complain about "the poor" (cf your other
               | post specifically).
               | 
               | "The solution is not to live this close to the edge" is
               | akin to "the solution to car accidents is to not get into
               | car accidents".
        
               | Grustaf wrote:
               | I wonder if you actually read what I wrote. I haven't
               | written a single word of complaint about the poor. I am
               | complaining about payday loans, I don't think it's a good
               | idea, even when they are interest free. The long term
               | effect is likely to be mostly harmful.
               | 
               | I haven't claimed to have a solution, what I am saying is
               | that ideas that increase saving are better.
               | 
               | I did not saying anything like "the solution is to not
               | live this close to the edge." That is the intended
               | effect, not the path there.
               | 
               | But if I were to invest in a startup in this space it
               | would be one that helped people save. Some random ideas
               | that I think are all better than payday loans: gamifying
               | micro saving, lowering food costs by selling simple
               | staple foods in bulk, access to discounts on soon-to-
               | perish food.
               | 
               | Also: financial literacy education. This is a problem
               | even in well off countries, it's just that people are
               | doing fine anyway because the bottom tier is still quite
               | ok here.
        
         | biztos wrote:
         | Interesting, I didn't know payday lending was a thing in Spain.
         | 
         | Delaying salary payments serves two purposes: first, to benefit
         | the employer by keeping _your_ money in _their_ account longer;
         | and second, at least culturally, to force you into a budget
         | cycle  "for your own good." People accept these things
         | culturally but there's no reason they should have to.
         | 
         | When I moved to Germany from the US I was a little shocked to
         | discover that I would be paid at the end of the month and not
         | every two weeks. They took the cyclical paternalism one step
         | further, and of course also forced me to give my employer an
         | interest-free credit line. It would be fun to have the leverage
         | to challenge that, but I did not.
         | 
         | What do you think the ideal payment frequency would be?
         | 
         | For wage labor it seems like you should get paid daily at
         | least, but then why not hourly? Might it even be motivational
         | to see your net pay (after deductions of course) dropping into
         | your account every hour, and you get a notification in some
         | app?
         | 
         | For a salaried position I think I'd be quite happy getting paid
         | by the week, especially if my actual salary were set on a
         | weekly basis so I always got the same amount.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | Weekly feels about right, but as you say: what reason is
           | there for the lower bound? We have high frequency trading,
           | why not high frequency wages?
           | 
           | I'm reminded of the minimum wage machine paying out one US
           | penny every five seconds:
           | https://www.blakefallconroy.com/minimum-wage-machine.html
           | 
           | (The minimum granularity is probably that of your timesheet
           | or timeclock, and then we get into how oppressive the
           | surveillance involved in policing that can be, bathroom
           | breaks, screen-watching software, etc.)
        
           | benhurmarcel wrote:
           | > When I moved to Germany from the US I was a little shocked
           | to discover that I would be paid at the end of the month and
           | not every two weeks. They took the cyclical paternalism one
           | step further
           | 
           | This is standard everywhere in Europe by the way.
        
           | magicalhippo wrote:
           | I get paid middle of month, which is a nice compromise from
           | the "work delivered" vs "paying up front" perspective.
           | 
           | Given that I have a rather fixed income, I don't see why I'd
           | need any higher frequency than that. It wouldn't change
           | anything.
           | 
           | If I had a highly variable income I could see weekly making
           | sense, though it would be a bit of a mess in months with a
           | lot of red days.
        
         | fumblebee wrote:
         | Revolut just launched the same feature this week [1]
         | 
         | [1] https://www.revolut.com/payday
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | > _In a world of free instant automatic electronic payments,
         | there 's no good reason to delay salary payments until the end
         | of the month._
         | 
         | Salaries are usually paid in arrear simply because employers
         | want you to deliver the work first then get paid. When you call
         | a plumber do you prefer to pay upfront or only after he has
         | fixed the leak?
         | 
         | Then, of course the number of payments adds accounting overhead
         | for everyone, so monthly in arrear seems like a good
         | compromise.
        
         | benhurmarcel wrote:
         | A lot of companies already offer that service, you just request
         | it to HR.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | While I agree that it's a good innovation, it's fighting the
         | symptoms of low wages and high cost; people living paycheck to
         | paycheck. Wages should go up and cost of living should go down;
         | people should be entitled to having financial reserves, to not
         | be afraid of not making it to payday.
        
           | NicoJuicy wrote:
           | People mostly don't live paycheck to paycheck in Europe.
           | 
           | In Belgium, we're record savings holders.
           | 
           | I thought that was more in the US.
        
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