[HN Gopher] Record rise in U.S. rents
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Record rise in U.S. rents
        
       Author : paulpauper
       Score  : 103 points
       Date   : 2021-08-22 17:06 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bloomberg.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bloomberg.com)
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | Not a surprise at all. Salaries for nice city jobs, such as tech,
       | legal, banking,and finance jobs, tend to exceed inflation,so its
       | reasonable to assume rents will too. Rents in major metro areas
       | such as SF have been expensive forever. No reason to expect this
       | to change. I knew that the narrative/media hype about Covid
       | depressing rents would be short-lived and rent prices would come
       | roaring back with a vengeance as soon as the economy and stock
       | market rebounded.
        
       | iammisc wrote:
       | This is due to the moratoria.
        
       | post_break wrote:
       | I forget where I was reading it but people were leaning on the no
       | evictions policy hard. Buying boats and other fun toys while
       | skipping rent.
        
       | vanattab wrote:
       | Who would have thought that banning evictions for 2 years could
       | raise rents?
        
         | sparrish wrote:
         | Risk increase == cost increase.
        
           | missedthecue wrote:
           | thats how it works in essentially every market. Think about
           | 18 year old drivers compared to 45 year old drivers when
           | shopping for insurance. Why the difference in quotes?
        
         | twelve40 wrote:
         | There are probably bigger factors at play, but yes, renting out
         | to anyone even remotely evictable becomes very unattractive.
        
       | sooheon wrote:
       | This is unsurprising. Take a step back and squint enough and you
       | can see any wide-scale fiscal stimulus will be absorbed by land
       | rent. This is the inverse of the Georgist observation that "all
       | taxes come out of rent." All stimulus is absorbed by rent.
       | 
       | Winston Churchill on the topic:
       | http://www.andywightman.com/docs/churchill.pdf
       | 
       | > Some years ago in London there was a toll bar on a bridge
       | across the Thames, and all the working people who lived on the
       | south side of the river had to pay a daily toll of one penny for
       | going and returning from their work. The spectacle of these poor
       | people thus mulcted of so large a proportion of their earnings
       | offended the public conscience, and agitation was set on foot,
       | municipal authorities were roused, and at the cost of the
       | taxpayers, the bridge was freed and the toll removed. All those
       | people who used the bridge were saved sixpence a week, but within
       | a very short time rents on the south side of the river were found
       | to have risen about sixpence a week, or the amount of the toll
       | which had been remitted!
       | 
       | > And a friend of mine was telling me the other day that, in the
       | parish of Southwark, about 350 pounds a year was given away in
       | doles of bread by charitable people in connection with one of the
       | churches. As a consequence of this charity, the competition for
       | small houses and single-room tenements is so great that rents are
       | considerably higher in the parish!
       | 
       | > _All goes back to the land, and the land owner is able to
       | absorb to himself a share of almost every public and every
       | private benefit_
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | The issue, though, is that if you look at most causes of
         | significant inflation, while people like to blame "money
         | printing", it is actually almost always a big supply shock that
         | is the root cause.
         | 
         | With rental housing, there are 2 major supply shocks:
         | 
         | 1. Much new housing was put on hold during the pandemic.
         | 
         | 2. Critically, the eviction ban over the past 18 months has
         | absolutely killed many small time landlords. Any prospective
         | small-time landlord would certainly think twice about getting
         | into the business now, and many existing small-time landlords
         | are doing everything they can get out. It doesn't help that
         | landlords are basically demonized by a large section of the
         | political class. The end result is this:
         | https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/selling-out-america...
         | 
         | So, at the end of it, it comes down to basic supply-and-demand,
         | and the supply side got crushed.
        
           | xxpor wrote:
           | I don't see why small landlords are relevant to a supply
           | shock here. If supply has been effectively destroyed by
           | people not paying rent but also not being evicted, that
           | should affect everyone right? In other words, it'd only
           | matter if the bottleneck is the amount of capital buying
           | houses to rent coming from small landlords. We all know
           | that's not the case though, the bottleneck is the actual
           | supply of housing.
        
             | gbronner wrote:
             | The pandemic made it relatively cheaper to use rather than
             | rent space. So some units are off the market and are in use
             | as guest units/ extra bedroom/whatever
        
             | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
             | Small landlords are relevant to the supply shock because,
             | after seeing the effect of the eviction moratorium, many
             | will opt to either (a) not rent out existing space they own
             | at all, or certainly find less risky ways to rent it out,
             | like STRs, or (b) find something else to invest their money
             | into in the first place.
             | 
             | Also, there is evidence that small time landlords are much
             | less aggressive when it comes to evictions (see
             | https://www.atlantafed.org/-/media/documents/community-
             | devel... from the Atlanta Fed). This means that small-time
             | landlords provide a greater percentage of the supply for
             | "marginal renters", i.e. renters who are more likely to
             | miss payments. When that supply goes away it means there
             | will be more competition among these marginal renters to
             | find a place to live.
        
           | ldoughty wrote:
           | The problem actually goes much further back than the
           | pandemic... The housing bubble/crises lead to a massive
           | supply of homes being foreclosed on and purchased by
           | wealthier groups. It also lead to a large exodus of home
           | building professionals as the demand dried up. This resulted
           | in the US building 500,000+ fewer homes per year than the
           | typical demand of the growing population normally demands.
           | The US is now > 7,000,000+ homes behind were we should have
           | been at this point, which means home prices skyrocket making
           | them unavailable to entry level workers. On top of this, it's
           | a common strategy among the wealthy to but a 2nd, 3rd, or
           | more homes, which they rent to rent out at their mortgage
           | rate or higher because the system allows it... So someone who
           | can't get a $1200/month mortgage (for an example) now has a
           | $1200 rent paid to someone for their second home... Though
           | generally they pair up with others or other couples to live
           | together and afford the rent...
           | 
           | This also ignores the trend of _businesses_ engaging in the
           | activity.. buying homes in mass for rental properties instead
           | of the typical apartment /townhouse apartment developments.
        
         | ZoomerCretin wrote:
         | This is a very reductionist look at rents. There are more
         | factors at play, the most important of which is the vacancy
         | rate.
         | 
         | https://smcorridornews.com/steady-as-she-goes-texas-apartmen...
         | 
         | San Francisco:
         | https://twitter.com/AlecStapp/status/1331832907003015168
         | 
         | Blackstone: "We believe we will continue to experience below-
         | average levels of new housing supply in our markets which will
         | support future rental rate growth and home price appreciation."
         | https://twitter.com/AlexFischCC/status/1402770234730160132
         | 
         | Does putting more money into people's pockets make rents
         | increase? All else equal, this does occur in the short-term. In
         | the long-term, housing developers want to build more housing to
         | get a cut, which increases the supply of housing and slows rent
         | growth. This hasn't been happening because of segregation-era
         | zoning laws which outlaws denser housing in areas where they
         | are needed.
        
           | sooheon wrote:
           | Absolutely. Outdated zoning laws are public enemy #2 for
           | livable cities, just a hair after outdated tax laws. The root
           | of both issues is misalignment of incentives.
        
           | Supermancho wrote:
           | > This is a very reductionist look at rents.
           | 
           | The fact that there is a belief "the invisible hand" will
           | lower it back down, is separate from the increase due to the
           | general welfare (stimulus). Availability/a market supply
           | increase, is another factor for pricing, not part of the same
           | change. Less so, since it simultaneously exists only in the
           | mythical future.
           | 
           | > All goes back to the land, and the land owner is able to
           | absorb to himself a share of almost every public and every
           | private benefit
           | 
           | Seems like an accurate look to me.
        
         | irrational wrote:
         | This is one of the benefits of owning (or having a mortgage)
         | since your monthly housing costs are fixed, so your stimulus
         | doesn't go to rent.
        
           | thrower123 wrote:
           | In most jurisdictions, your property taxes and insurance
           | costs always go up year-over-year.
           | 
           | Once in a great while, you might get a reduction, but it's
           | really rare
        
             | irrational wrote:
             | My insurance rates have never risen (I was in my last house
             | for 17 years). You might need to look into a different
             | insurance company.
             | 
             | Property taxes do go up, but they haven't gone up too much.
             | Again, in my last house they went from $2500 to $3750 over
             | 17 years.
        
         | tablespoon wrote:
         | > This is unsurprising. Take a step back and squint enough and
         | you can see any wide-scale fiscal stimulus will be absorbed by
         | land rent. This is the inverse of the Georgist observation that
         | "all taxes come out of rent." All stimulus is absorbed by rent.
         | 
         | So fiscal stimulus should be paired with some kind of rent
         | control/regulation, then?
        
           | andrekandre wrote:
           | > So fiscal stimulus should be paired with some kind of rent
           | control/regulation, then?
           | 
           | (i am not an economist, nor the op) but i have heard that
           | argued in some left economic circles... same in the case of
           | ubi i might add...
        
           | ars wrote:
           | > So fiscal stimulus should be paired with some kind of rent
           | control/regulation, then?
           | 
           | I helped someone find an apartment in a rent control area -
           | instead of higher rents you need to pay 4 months "brokerage
           | fee" to make up for the lower rent. (If you don't want to
           | pay, demand is so high someone else will.)
           | 
           | Rent control doesn't work, it makes things worse.
           | 
           | The correct solution is more supply. You can't fix high
           | demand any other way.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | > rent control/regulation
           | 
           | No government, ever, has managed to repeal the law of supply
           | & demand. Not in 4000 years of trying.
           | 
           | Even in communist countries, where housing is "free", it
           | applies. It's just that the cost is in terms of something
           | other than money, often a network of favors. The same goes on
           | how military base housing is distributed.
        
           | R0b0t1 wrote:
           | Multiple options:
           | 
           | 1. Stimulus given faster than it can be absorbed into rents.
           | 
           | 2. Progressive taxes on dwellings that are not primary
           | residence.
           | 
           | 3. Decrease the cost of new housing.
           | 
           | Of those, I think the last is the most realistic. It is the
           | only one that does not lead to a housing shortage.
        
             | sooheon wrote:
             | Option 4, which is unrealistic due to entrenched interests,
             | but economically and socially ideal: a higher tax on the
             | unimproved value of land, a.k.a. ground rent, in return for
             | a lower tax on improvements, labor, capital gains, sales,
             | and everything else.
        
               | CalPointBreak wrote:
               | Something you guys are all ignoring: Taxes on primary
               | residences. Constantly adjusting property tax has already
               | lead to many people losing their property over the years.
               | A better compromise might be that primary residences be
               | either exempted from this new land value tax, or have it
               | fixed to the time of purchase, not unlike Prop 12 used to
               | (still does?) cover in California. The reason for this is
               | that many people wish to settle down in one place. Some
               | even take pride in living in the same location generation
               | after generation. While many modern digital age people
               | either forget, or don't understand that, variable
               | property values could easily lose someone on fixed,
               | little, or no income their property, livelihood, etc.
               | 
               | As far as commercial, corporate owned, and high density
               | residential, along with non-homesteaded agriculture
               | properties go, this might not be the worst idea. But at
               | the same time it is just as likely to favor corporations
               | and venture capital over individual owner/operators and
               | their scrimp and save. Efficiency only matters if the
               | rewards of said efficiency lift up the collective
               | populace of society. If they simply consolidate an every
               | larger slice of the pie into fewer hands, they will
               | inevitably return us to de-facto feudalism and effective
               | serfdom.
               | 
               | As a further consideration: How many of you liked those
               | old hole in the wall comic shops, or newspaper stands, or
               | record shops? Most of them are gone now, but there
               | are/were a few surviving in little corners of the world,
               | often because the store owner had been prudent enough to
               | buy the property. Those owners could very well also find
               | themselves priced out of their hard earned and fought
               | properties, even if them being a cornerstone of that area
               | or community is what was responsible for the increase in
               | unimproved land valuation, since culture and niche
               | businesses can have just as much effect as 'high income'
               | businesses on an area's desirability. Consider Petaluma
               | for an example, and while I don't have a counterexample I
               | am sure someone here can show a region that depressed in
               | value when iconic neighborhood commerce closed, whether
               | due to being priced out of the area, or having eminent
               | domain proceedings to give the property to a more worthy
               | developer (see Jo Sun formerly down the street from the
               | county jail in Sacramento California for an example.)
        
             | pharmakom wrote:
             | Yes, have an inflation index linked UBI. If prices rise due
             | to the UBI (debatable) then the payments simply get even
             | higher. Of course, the richest will fight this since it
             | means their taxes will be linked to inflation.
        
           | sooheon wrote:
           | Regulation yes, rent control no.
           | 
           | Google "deadweight loss price ceiling rent control" to see
           | the detrimental economic effects of that policy. Once you
           | understand that, check out the deadweight loss graph of a
           | land value tax:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_value_tax#Efficiency
           | 
           | The type of regulation we need is a tax on the pure
           | unimproved value of land sites (excluding buildings,
           | factories, farms etc.).
           | 
           | George:
           | 
           | > When all rent is taken by taxation for the needs of the
           | community, then will the equality ordained by Nature be
           | attained. No citizen will have an advantage over any other
           | citizen save as is given by his industry, skill, and
           | intelligence; and each will obtain what he fairly earns.
           | Then, but not till then, will labor get its full reward, and
           | capital its natural return.
        
             | salawat wrote:
             | Just to ensure I understand your and this George fellow's
             | assertion, you're basically claiming that renting should be
             | a revenue neutral activity, not producing profit, but being
             | entirely counterbalanced by taxation. I.e. not an
             | investment.
             | 
             | I want to make sure I'm actually getting it, because I'm
             | not sure I disagree in a sense. Housing/land has too much
             | importance in the scheme of being a financial asset to the
             | point it is detrimental to actually utilizing the world
             | around us. Finance as social control mechanism has become,
             | in my opinion, so fundamentally tangible as to be downright
             | laughable.
             | 
             | So am I getting it, or am I still missing the point?
        
               | sooheon wrote:
               | Yes, good for you for getting to the heart of the issue
               | immediately. Though to clarify, renting _location_ should
               | be a revenue neutral activity. Renting something that is
               | the product of your labor or capital investment (house
               | renovations, warehouse with new equipment) should of
               | course be compensated.
               | 
               | In addition, such a tax on ground rent should replace our
               | familiar taxes on labor, capital, and economic
               | productivity.
        
               | nate_meurer wrote:
               | What does renting _location_ look like in practice?
               | 
               | Aside, thank you for taking the time to write these
               | comments, in this thread and others like it. This is
               | fascinating and important stuff, and you have a way of
               | putting it together in a way that's easy to digest.
        
               | ItsMonkk wrote:
               | The easiest way to set up such a tax is figure out how
               | much it costs to build a building. Let's say in SF
               | currently there is a house that sells at $1M dollars. But
               | that house didn't cost $1M to build, it might have cost
               | $200k in materials and labor. Once you have that number,
               | you just keep raising the tax on that building until the
               | new market cost is equivalent, or $200k. You now have a
               | Land Value Tax. If the owner of the building then puts in
               | a $200k addition, you adjust that number for $400k. If
               | next year a technology is created such that you can make
               | that same house for $150k, the replacement costs change
               | and that might mean a tax raise.
               | 
               | If a train station is built next door, the demand would
               | go up, which would cause taxes to go up. If nearby a
               | bunch of housing was built, this would cause supply to
               | raise and thus move the supply and demand curve which
               | would cause the price to drop, and therefore taxes would
               | lower.
               | 
               | What's the best thing to do with this tax money? Give it
               | back equally to all as a dividend(similar to [0])! Thus
               | the people who use less than the average amount of
               | housing would actually receive money when this goes into
               | effect.
               | 
               | We need to systematically identify all externalities, and
               | tax according to the externality, and just give the money
               | back to the population. This fixes the incentives.
               | Figuring out where that money is going to go, fighting
               | between political parties as to which company is going to
               | benefit, the corrupting effect of centralization of
               | decision making. Just give it back. Tax externalities and
               | return as a dividend.
               | 
               | [0]:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_fee_and_dividend
        
               | sooheon wrote:
               | Thank you, means a lot.
               | 
               | Property valuations can be roughly split into
               | land/location value and building/improvements value. By
               | renting location I just mean the portion of the total
               | rent that is attributed to location value, not
               | improvements value.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > a tax on ground rent should replace our familiar taxes
               | on labor, capital, and economic productivity.
               | 
               | Even better, a tax on economic externalities, like
               | pollution.
        
               | sooheon wrote:
               | Yes, those would be Pigovian taxes, the very close cousin
               | of the Georgist single tax. Not quite the same economic
               | elegance, but less bad than taxes on wages, sales, value
               | added, etc.
        
               | nybble41 wrote:
               | > renting _location_ should be a revenue neutral activity
               | 
               | > Renting something that is the product of your labor or
               | capital investment ... should of course be compensated.
               | 
               | Land ("location") is a scarce economic good, with
               | different locations being valuable for different
               | purposes. Rendering it revenue-neutral would lead to
               | misallocation. Land is also capital--a durable good used
               | to produce other goods--so land ownership is a form of
               | capital investment, and a tax on "ground rent" is a tax
               | on capital.
               | 
               | All economic value is the result of human action. When
               | the scope of "improvements" is properly understood to
               | include all human activity relating to the land--not just
               | obvious things like builidngs but everything done to
               | deliberately or incidentally increase the value of the
               | land--there is no "unimproved" value left to tax.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | I honestly can't comprehend how you are talking about a
               | tax on land being a tax on capital. The owner of the land
               | didn't create it, taxing the owner of the land doesn't
               | discourage his production of additional land. If you were
               | to introduce a 100% land tax no land would disappear as a
               | result, instead the value of the land would shrink until
               | people can afford to pay 100% of the value of the land
               | every single year.
               | 
               | As people who can use the land more productively can pay
               | a higher land tax they would outbid anyone who intends a
               | less productive use of the land.
        
               | sooheon wrote:
               | > Rendering it revenue-neutral would lead to
               | misallocation.
               | 
               | Rendering ownership of land revenue-neutral does not
               | imply rendering all economic activity on said land
               | revenue-neural. In fact it does the opposite, ensuring
               | that the returns to labor and capital are allocated
               | justly.
               | 
               | > When the scope of "improvements" is properly understood
               | to include all human activity relating to the land--not
               | just obvious things like builidngs but everything done to
               | deliberately or incidentally increase the value of the
               | land--there is no "unimproved" value left to tax.
               | 
               | Sure there is. All natural resources on that land, which
               | existed before humans ever set foot on it, comprise the
               | unimproved value of land. There is also the value of
               | location arising from the community (infrastructure,
               | proximity to labor, proximity to customers) which is not
               | attributable to any improvements upon the land.
        
               | tryptophan wrote:
               | Renting LAND should be revenue neutral. Renting use of
               | the building on the land should produce profit.
               | 
               | This creates good incentives, because the more you invest
               | in structure on your land (ie more housing), the lower
               | your effective tax rate is on the profits you generate
               | from renting. $100 land rent, taxed at 95%, vs 100$ land
               | rent + 500$ rent from housing 5 people is taxed at ~16%
               | overall( 95 / (100 + 500)). Although ofcourse being able
               | to house 5 people would require an investment into
               | buildings, so it is not free money, and there is also
               | competition from others who may be able to house 6 for
               | the same building cost and thus maybe only charge 95$ per
               | person.
               | 
               | Also here is a link of a book review that explains these
               | ideas really well.
               | 
               | https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/your-book-review-
               | progr...
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | No, owning land is a revenue neutral activity. Owning
               | housing is not. Landlords charge rent above the rental
               | value of the unimproved land. The difference is their
               | revenue. That revenue is greater than the cost of
               | building and maintain the building so landlords make
               | profit.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | >Google "deadweight loss price ceiling rent control" to see
             | the detrimental economic effects of that policy.
             | 
             | One of the supposed detrimental effects of the policy is a
             | lower rate of homebuilding which exacerbates the problem
             | yet New York's fastest rate of homebuilding (the 1950s)
             | still coincided with the highest level of rent control.
             | 
             | It's a topic of study (like the minimum wage, corporation
             | tax, etc.) I'm also not really sure I trust most economists
             | on since there's way too much $$$ (e.g. think tanks, koch
             | money -> universities) invested in usefully wrong results.
        
             | criticaltinker wrote:
             | What do you think about regulation that enforces a maximum
             | limit on the number of dwellings or properties any
             | individual can own?
             | 
             |  _> At what point is someone 's wealth acquisition too
             | much-$1b, $10b, $100b, $1t?_
             | 
             |  _> Limitarianism is the view that no-one should enjoy more
             | than an upper limit of some valuable goods or resources _
             | 
             | _> Plato 's Socrates identifies the 'endless acquisition of
             | money' (Plato, 1997b, 373d) as the main cause of civil
             | unrest and war. _
             | 
             | _> In his last dialogue, the Laws, Plato gives a more or
             | less complete limitarian account with a specification of
             | both a lower and an upper threshold. According to this
             | account, 'extreme poverty and wealth must not be allowed to
             | arise in any section of the citizen-body' (Plato, 1997a,
             | 744d). _
             | 
             | _> Plato provides a detailed description of the lower
             | threshold which each citizen should meet: everyone should
             | obtain one dwelling near the centre of the country and
             | another one near the outskirts. The size of the pieces of
             | land on which these dwellings are built will vary according
             | to the fertility of the land and its distance to the city _
             | 
             | [1]
             | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ejop.12535
        
               | IkmoIkmo wrote:
               | I think it's hardly enforceable in a world where real
               | estate can be owned by legal entities, which can be set-
               | up on paper in seconds.
               | 
               | Besides, in a free market it should not matter to prices
               | whether I own two properties, or me and my brother
               | (acting individually) own a property each, the market
               | will set prices and neither of us can with one or two or
               | 200 properties.
               | 
               | Of course there's a limit to this logic, which is when
               | you own so much you have a monopoly, but there's no
               | entity that I'm aware of that has a monopoly in
               | residential real estate or anything close to it.
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | It's easily enforceable. Avoid applying the tax to
               | primary residences. If it's not a primary residence, tax.
        
               | sooheon wrote:
               | When it comes to economics, I don't believe in hard
               | limits. Policies should not be brittle numeric rules ($15
               | minimum wage, $800 maximum rent, 1 child policy). Think
               | gradients that affect incentives at every point in the
               | map, not hard step functions with wide open loopholes.
               | 
               | Plato's ideas seem well intentioned but somewhat ignorant
               | of higher order economic effects of such "1 child policy"
               | like rules. Much better to have a tax policy that's well
               | aligned with the incentives we want to promote, and let
               | the market figure the rest out.
        
               | nickthemagicman wrote:
               | I've always wondered why taxes were percentage based but
               | many govt benefits were hard numbers.
               | 
               | It seems like a clever govt trick.
               | 
               | Allow the outgo to be reduced by inflation but allow the
               | income to adjust to accommodate inflation.
        
           | ransom1538 wrote:
           | Rent control = higher rent. Every. Time.
        
             | 988747 wrote:
             | Higher rent for the newcomers, of course. And shortages,
             | since very few new apartments get built (mostly the luxury
             | ones). And slow degradation of existing apartments since no
             | sane landlord would invest in any improvements if they
             | cannot make up for the cost in increased rent.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | You're supposed to tax non reproducible assets that are an
           | essential part of daily life. Land is pretty much the number
           | one priority to tax.
        
           | salawat wrote:
           | Let me reframe the economy for you with an analogy.
           | 
           | Imagine wealth as a fluid. When it's in your account, it
           | resides in a bulb. Connected to these bulbs are pipes
           | connecting you to each person or business's bulb you transact
           | with. Each transaction is facilitated by applying vacuum to
           | transfer a small amount of fluid from bulb to bulb.
           | 
           | In this thing, you have entities that have many more or much
           | larger bulbs than others, with more powerful vacuums that
           | increase in size with the amount of capital they have at
           | their disposal.
           | 
           | Every time you add a bunch of fluid to the system for
           | everyone, you still have all the same networks for extraction
           | in place, and no ability to prevent those connections from
           | just extracting more.
           | 
           | Rent, in particular, is special. Realistically speaking, the
           | pipe that extracts rent to your landlord is not just a
           | transaction facilitator, but is an important mechanism for
           | ensuring that your landlord's wealth relative to the rest of
           | the system is maintained. So in a way, the amount getting
           | extracted will always scale once your landlord is made aware
           | of a global infusion of working fluid to everyone, otherwise,
           | the "value" of their real estate is "diminished" in light of
           | the global infusion.
           | 
           | Real estate as financial instrument is weird like that.
           | Unfortunately, attempts to control that reactive rent
           | adjustment are fraught with side-effects, because when your
           | entire basis for free market economics is that greed and
           | wealth accumulation (considered axiomatic human vices) can be
           | put to productive use by leaving things alone, as evidenced
           | by any attempt to do otherwise having undesirable outcomes,
           | see the history of centrally managed economies.
           | 
           | At least that's as far as I've cared to read up on the
           | matter. After a while trying to get to the bottom of it
           | though, you realize once economics abstracts away any
           | complexities around money moving => physical things
           | happening, it might as well be pontificating on the weather
           | for the questionability of measures involved.
           | 
           | This is a sign of me hitting the absolute depth of my
           | understanding and needing to do more digging to potentially
           | get further but not being capable of devoting the time at the
           | moment.
        
           | kapuasuite wrote:
           | We would be better off with taxing the unimproved value of
           | the land (possibly until the market price of the land itself
           | is $0) and rolling back the barriers to building new housing.
           | That would result in cheaper, more plentiful and higher
           | quality housing.
        
           | Applejinx wrote:
           | Or, turn Mao loose on 'em :)
           | 
           | It is possible that landlords inherently run amok until
           | enough of them are literally killed, and then they dial it
           | back until they forget.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Please don't post flamebait and definitely not ideological
             | flamebait. It leads to ideological flamewars, which are
             | tedious, predictable, and nasty.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | It should be especially unsurprising when you pair this with
         | dramatically reducing inventory at the same time housing demand
         | is at an all-time high.
         | 
         | Almost 1% of renters get evicted per year in normal times.
         | Almost 0.5% of homes get foreclosed in normal times.
         | 
         | ^ This makes up a decent percentage of overall new leases /
         | purchases. It's not like 100% of renters move every year.
         | 
         | We have a lot of markets with restricted housing measures that
         | should make it obvious that reducing supply even a little, can
         | cause prices to go up a lot.
         | 
         | You give people the largest transfer of money in history -
         | increasing personal income by the largest margin in decades,
         | lower interest rates dramatically, AND reduce supply - at the
         | same time everyone is going bat-shit insane trying to "WFH"
         | with kids and there's no where else for them to spend money...
         | 
         | I will be surprised if there is not some really bad unintended
         | consequences from this. But I'm far from surprised that prices
         | are going up in the middle of a "recession". There's 30% more
         | M2, personal income is up 10%, and payments are ~15% cheaper
         | due to interest rates. Why should anyone be surprised that
         | rents are up?
         | 
         | Las Vegas had the highest increase in rents. It had the highest
         | unemployment rate. People on unemployment were making > median
         | wage. Why should anyone be surprised rents went up?
        
       | m0llusk wrote:
       | Rents in San Francisco are still way down which makes this
       | analysis look really coarse to the point of being sloppy.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | throwdecro wrote:
         | San Francisco is neither large enough nor representative enough
         | to be that meaningful in a national context. SF is a small
         | enclave of ludicrous pricing, because of the huge amount of
         | investment capital flowing into a fairly small city. It still
         | has a lot of room to move down even if everything else is going
         | up.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.is/VGtt4
       | 
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20210820150151/https://www.bloom...
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | The cost of the eviction moratoriums is inevitably going to be
       | borne by the renters.
        
         | heurisko wrote:
         | If there was scope to increase rents, then why were they not
         | increased already?
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | Increasing the landlord's costs always causes rent increases.
           | It's basic supply and demand. If demand is the same, but
           | supply shrinks because of higher costs, then the equilibrium
           | price rises.
        
             | heurisko wrote:
             | That didn't really answer the question, however. For the
             | rent to increase, implies that the landlord was previously
             | leaving money on the table. Why would they do this?
             | 
             | I don't think rising costs to the landlord always results
             | in rent increases. Rents are constrained to an extent by
             | the average salary of the area.
             | 
             | If you incur more costs, but the average salary of your
             | area doesn't rise, and you increase rent prices, you run
             | the risk of void tenancies.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > Why would they do this?
               | 
               | Because if they did, another landlord would undercut
               | them. But with all the landlords facing rising costs,
               | another landlord cannot afford to undercut. Hence the
               | rents all rise.
               | 
               | This is how supply&demand curves work.
               | 
               | Over the last few years, Seattle has added many various
               | laws that are costly to landlords to comply with. This
               | corresponds with a decline in affordable housing. I'm
               | pretty sure the Seattle Council is well aware of this
               | connection. But as the number of renters far exceeds the
               | number of landlords, they know where the votes are, and
               | they sell the fiction to the renters that the landlords
               | will pay.
        
               | twelve40 wrote:
               | That's not really how it works though. We've been renting
               | out in a lower-cost area in CA since 2018 and in the
               | first two years the average Zillow and Craigslist rental
               | listing went from $1200 to $1800. Why? There was no
               | visible gentrification, that neighborhood really didn't
               | change. Most of the tenants are in construction labor and
               | management, truck driving, nursing. etc. Their salaries
               | surely did not go up by 50%, but the going rate for the
               | rentals somehow did.
        
           | teddyh wrote:
           | I'm guessing that it's because it's harder to move, let alone
           | find a new place to live, during a pandemic and lockdown.
           | Landlords suddenly found themselves having a customer base
           | which are all isolated and locked down at home.
        
       | boomboomsubban wrote:
       | They don't seem to provide the data, but how much has rent risen
       | in other recent years? Could some of this just be landlords
       | postponing the usual 2020 rise due to the lockdown?
       | 
       | Similarly, I would guess 2020 saw less construction then an
       | average year. Wouldn't that alone cause a short term spike?
        
       | balozi wrote:
       | Is this increase really caused by demand-side pressures or simply
       | that property owners know they can charge more since tenants have
       | more disposable coin in their pockets?
        
       | thrower123 wrote:
       | Valuation have risen an absurd amount in the past two years. When
       | property tax assessments catch up, landlords might be looking at
       | 15-20% higher operating costs, and that flows through to rents.
       | 
       | Not to mention property insurance rates have jacked up
       | mysteriously in the past year.
        
         | vladgur wrote:
         | Not in CA with prop 13
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | > Not to mention property insurance rates have jacked up
         | mysteriously in the past year.
         | 
         | Not that mysterious. The cost of home repairs has increased
         | substantially in the last year, due to supply chain
         | disruptions. Lumber is a big one.
         | 
         | My hot water heater failed last week. It cost more than double
         | to replace it from what I had paid to install the previous one.
        
         | programmertote wrote:
         | I can confirm about the rising property insurance rates. My
         | Travelers home owners' insurance (for my two bed-room
         | apartment) has risen up by ~11% from last year. In the past
         | years, it was just about 3-4% YoY increase. When I asked them,
         | they answered that part of the increase is to protect for the
         | inflation. Inflation hurts everyone especially for people who
         | will not see a lot of increase in their paychecks. It also
         | seems like a self-fulfilling prophecy and I personally believe
         | it'll be sticky (meaning, YoY inflation much higher than 2%
         | will be with us for quite a while).
        
       | drewg123 wrote:
       | One aspect which I have not seen mentioned is private landlords
       | are taking advantage of the current inflated prices & general
       | sellers market. They want to take profits and are selling units
       | out from renters. They typically want the unit empty to sell, and
       | so they are not renewing leases.
       | 
       | My landlord did this. In July, I learned that he had decided he
       | wanted to sell my townhouse, and wanted me out. I was fortunate
       | enough to find a place to buy that reduced my commute to my son's
       | school, but it was pretty nerve wracking.
        
       | RickJWagner wrote:
       | Inflation will:
       | 
       | - Help absorb record-high PE ratios in the market
       | 
       | - Allow people with heavy investments in equities to continue to
       | prosper
       | 
       | Will also:
       | 
       | - Let the government pay off massive debts with smaller dollars
       | (later)
       | 
       | - Badly hurt the poor and especially those on fixed incomes
       | 
       | Personally, I don't like inflationary times.
        
       | scumcity wrote:
       | Would be cool if the US economy could be driven by supply and
       | demand. Housing is needed - more houses are built. Not sure why
       | that can't be the case. This isn't Tokyo.
        
         | jancsika wrote:
         | > Housing is needed - more houses are built. Not sure why that
         | can't be the case.
         | 
         | You arrive in a room with no inspectors. To the North is, "Of
         | course we'd still have inspectors." To the East is, "Privatize
         | all the inspectors." To the West is, "Let's build a disruptive
         | app to facilitate illegal barn raising."
         | 
         | To the South is, "Let me revise my initial statement..."
        
         | cronix wrote:
         | As a fun exercise, try to get a house built in any metro area
         | with a pop > 750k and see what you have to go through and how
         | expensive and time consuming it is to jump through all of the
         | hoops. You will find the answer to your question.
        
         | missedthecue wrote:
         | In most cities and towns across the US, you have to retain half
         | the state bar association simply to get the permits to do the
         | environmental and traffic pattern studies that must be
         | submitted to the approval council before you can get permission
         | to build.
        
       | xx511134bz wrote:
       | Neal Bawa explained that rent prices follow housing prices with
       | about an 18 month lag. There is a set of would-be homeowners,
       | richer than renters, who have been since been priced out of the
       | home buying market, so they outspend the previous set of renters,
       | driving prices up.
       | 
       | REI074: Data-Driven Real Estate Investing W/ Neal Bawa
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzeTx1KE600
       | 
       | A major takeaway from this podcast is that 4-plexes are the best
       | economic investment because they are liquid, ie. 5-plexes incur
       | more scrutiny from the bank, the downside of multiplex is you may
       | need a property manager, so after scraping zillow and doing some
       | machine learning to deduce the most profitable market, Mr. Bawa
       | builds seas of 4-plexes with all administered by a single
       | property management office.
        
         | cronix wrote:
         | > Neal Bawa explained that rent prices follow housing prices
         | with about an 18 month lag.
         | 
         | I'm assuming that has a lot to do with leases and rental
         | contracts? If you have a 2 year lease I can't raise your rent
         | until it expires even if the property increases in value 10x
         | during that time.
        
           | xx511134bz wrote:
           | This came up. He is no longer renewing 1-year leases, he
           | expects to increase rent twice in 2022, so he is moving to a
           | six-month lease. He also said 2022 will feature the largest
           | rent increase in American history.
        
         | clomond wrote:
         | That's a theory, utilizing reversion to the mean as it's basis
         | but it is not a rule. With different market conditions, housing
         | prices could also correct for rental prices.
         | 
         | Meaning if rents stay down after decoupling from an increase in
         | housing stock value, the house prices could adjust down in the
         | event there is over-supply and the market at the margins
         | decides to rent rather than buy because it's cheaper.
        
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