[HN Gopher] Launch HN: Fella (YC W20) - Tackling men's obesity u...
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       Launch HN: Fella (YC W20) - Tackling men's obesity using medication
       and coaching
        
       Hey HN! I'm Richie from Fella (https://www.joinfella.com), a
       telehealth clinic for men with obesity. Fella helps men get to a
       healthier weight by matching them with a board-certified obesity
       doctor to prescribe an FDA-approved medication, while they
       undertake personalized health coaching.  I personally struggled
       with stress eating for 6 years. During that time, I was at
       Cambridge University, then built and sold my first company working
       with the UK government. It was tough, and poor eating habits as a
       teenager became a coping mechanism as an adult.  Fella first
       started as a "CBT+community" product to help men battling stress
       eating. It resonated due to the stigma around men's eating
       struggles. But we realized we were only half-serving most of our
       customers: even when no longer stress eating, most guys weren't
       getting to a healthier weight.  So we started researching
       effective, evidence-based treatments for obesity. When I say "we",
       I really mean my co-founder Luke. He studied medicine at Cambridge
       University, developing a patented AI approach to detecting cancer
       at a YC bio company, before moving to Microsoft Research. He parses
       bio papers better than me...  Obesity treatment is about to
       radically change. This is thanks to a breakthrough medication -- NY
       Times called it a "game changer" in Feb 2021 [1]. The medication
       was approved by the FDA in June 2021 [2]. It leads to an average
       15% decrease in body weight, efficacy close to bariatric surgery
       [3]. However, medication-assisted treatment for obesity is still
       stigmatized by family doctors and therefore hard to access.
       Moreover, only 10% of those using weight management services are
       men, despite men representing 50% of those with obesity. This is
       because almost all programs market to women, placing too much
       emphasis on looks and not enough on health for a male audience.
       Stress eating is widespread among bigger guys, but mostly ignored
       -- with too much focus on willpower and "eat less, move more". This
       needs to change.  So we pivoted to the Fella you see today: a
       telehealth experience with a board-certified obesity doctor for
       FDA-approved medication, combined with personalized health
       coaching. We went live in Texas in July, and are soon to be live in
       California and New York. Fella is a 12-month program and costs
       $149/month, paid quarterly. We'll bring costs down over time to
       improve accessibility.  We still have lots of difficulties ahead.
       The main one could be insurance reimbursement: the latest wave of
       medications are expensive and insurers don't like to cover them
       [4].  We're excited to hear your ideas, questions, concerns,
       feedback -- and maybe any personal stories. I'll be responding to
       comments all day, or feel free to shoot me an email at
       richie@joinfella.com.  [1]
       https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/10/health/obesity-weight-los...
       [2] https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-appr...
       [3] https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183  [4]
       https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-07-19/weight...
        
       Author : rich-cartwright
       Score  : 177 points
       Date   : 2021-08-21 14:36 UTC (1 days ago)
        
       | utunga wrote:
       | You went to Cambridge how hard is it to understand that some
       | people on the internet don't live in the US??
       | 
       | I clicked on "are you eligible?" in attempt to determine exactly
       | this question - but instead endured literally fifteen screens of
       | Jedi mind trick sales process bullshit before finally hitting the
       | old "What state are you in?" drop down that doesn't even give an
       | option outside the US.
       | 
       | Why?
       | 
       | I hope you do one day make this service available overseas.. But
       | in the meantime you've managed to really piss me off
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | I'm really sorry - I honestly thought we'd added that in
         | yesterday in prep for having more exposure via HN. Very much my
         | bad.
         | 
         | If you still want to go down on our waitlist, please do drop me
         | a line on richie@joinfella.com
        
       | rich-cartwright wrote:
       | Hey folks, Richie here, co-founder of Fella. I'll be responding
       | to comments all day, or feel free to shoot me an email at
       | richie@joinfella.com.
       | 
       | If you'd like to check out the site: https://www.joinfella.com/
        
         | qeternity wrote:
         | Best intern we ever had ;)
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Haha fancing seeing you here
        
       | MattGaiser wrote:
       | Ever think of branching into addiction? That's another place
       | where evidence based care is sorely lacking.
        
         | senojretep356 wrote:
         | Isn't obesity a result of food addiction?
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | It's one important cause - although "food addiction" is
           | interestingly quite controversial in the research space, and
           | the literature is fast growing here.
           | 
           | It's certainly something we tackle head on in our program.
           | 
           | But food addiction is not representative of everyone's
           | struggles.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | It's a possibility. There's already another YC co doing great
         | things in the addiction space: https://www.quitgenius.com/
         | 
         | We'll have to see. We have a long way to go in the coming years
         | reaching the 35 million men in the US who are fighting obesity.
        
       | dave333 wrote:
       | How long before there's a generic version of these drugs,
       | Semaglutide and Liraglutide? I assume Medicare doesn't cover
       | these yet.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | These are relatively new medications, so I think roughly a
         | decade for Liraglutide and more for Semaglutide but I'd have to
         | check. Medicare doesn't cover them yet sadly.
         | 
         | There is another promising obesity medication in Phase 3 trials
         | at the moment so it's fair to expect increased competition &
         | decreased prices in the coming years - although it's obviously
         | hard to predict.
        
       | thegypsyking wrote:
       | What visa are you guys on in the us? I work at big corp on l1 and
       | would love to be a founder but waiting for green card...
        
         | lharries wrote:
         | You could go the O1 route. The Peter Roberts HN posts (the
         | immigration attorney who does work for YC startups) has lots of
         | great info on this area:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27560781
        
           | thegypsyking wrote:
           | I'm aware about it in theory, but I think for people already
           | in us on a work visa it's a chicken and egg problem between
           | starting and getting the o1. I can't start anything as I can
           | only work for my employer, and I can't get an o1 because I
           | can't start anything. Looks like the founders are not
           | interested in answering this one.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | We're actually not based in the US right now as we had to
             | return home for covid, and we're building a remote co.
             | 
             | To be honest we sadly don't have any useful advice for US
             | visas: it's not a fun system.
             | 
             | Only thing is it's now more possible than ever to soak up
             | US culture, run a US-focused company, but not be based in
             | the US. But that's not what you wanna hear if you've built
             | your life there. I'm sorry we can't be more helpful
        
               | thegypsyking wrote:
               | Thanks for answering! I guess it's true remote work is
               | taking over, good luck with everything!
        
       | ChemSpider wrote:
       | The catch with this "wonder drug" semaglutide is: It has to be
       | taken _life-long_, not just during a diet!
       | 
       | So when you are 30 now, you will be on medication for the next
       | 40+ years. This is a long time.
       | 
       | => Long term side effects are not known yet. In animal studies,
       | semaglutide caused thyroid tumors or thyroid cancer. It is not
       | known whether these effects would occur in people using regular
       | doses.
        
         | lharries wrote:
         | (Richie's co-founder here)
         | 
         | > The catch with this "wonder drug" semaglutide is: It has to
         | be taken _life-long_, not just during a diet!
         | 
         | This is why the coaching part of the program is so important.
         | 
         | Whether it's taken for a while or just for the first year will
         | depend on the person, whether they are also diabetic and how
         | much weight they have to lose. It's a personalized decision
         | based on a conversation with their obesity doctor.
         | 
         | After around 12-months on these medications the weight loss
         | plateaus (at an average of 15% body weight). If one stops the
         | medication then but hasn't made any changes to their lifestyle
         | they'll likely put the weight back on. But during the 12 months
         | of the program we will be tackling the other factors with the
         | coach: sleep, stress, nutrition. And so after the first year it
         | might well make sense to reduce the medication or stop
         | completely.
         | 
         | It's also likely we'll continue to see new medications and
         | improvements with our understanding of obesity that makes being
         | on this particular medication for 40+ years very unlikely.
         | 
         | > Long term side effects are not known yet. In animal studies,
         | semaglutide caused thyroid tumors or thyroid cancer. It is not
         | known whether these effects would occur in people using regular
         | doses.
         | 
         | Semaglutide was FDA approved for diabetes in 2018 (3 years ago)
         | and in June this year for weight management. It's part of a
         | class of medication called GLP-1 RAs which operate in a similar
         | way (they all stimulate the same GLP-1 receptor). Liraglutide
         | is another common one that was approved by the FDA in 2010 (11
         | years ago) for diabetes (by the EU in 2009) and for weight
         | management in 2014. So there is a 3 year of history with this
         | particular medication and an 11 year history for this class of
         | medication.
         | 
         | Here's more about the history of GLP-1s and other weight loss
         | if you'd like:
         | https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2021/02/15/gl...
         | 
         | It's worth noting that, as with any medication, there is a
         | cost-benefit trade-off. In this case it will depend on
         | someone's current weight, what they've tried in the past, and
         | the risks of other conditions e.g. heart disease, diabetes, and
         | their past medical history. Each person that joins Fella has an
         | in-depth discussion about this with an independent obesity
         | physician and is welcome to speak it through with their own PCP
         | too.
         | 
         | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
        
       | bambax wrote:
       | Do you plan to open in Europe at some point?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | 100%. We're actually British founders so it's been a baptism of
         | fire learning about the nuances of US healthcare! That said,
         | the US is the focus for the moment, so we're not planning to
         | expand to Europe for quite a while.
        
           | danpalmer wrote:
           | What was the reason for going after the US market instead of
           | the UK market?
           | 
           | I'm in the UK and would love to try Fella, especially if I
           | could get it on the NHS with a GP referral.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | UK market is tricky for a few reasons. Very centralized
             | decision-making for healthcare funding, and the timelines
             | are too long for a startup to survive. Plus us Brits are
             | definitely more hesitant of medication approaches in
             | general, although that is changing.
             | 
             | Both my parents, my sister and my brother-in-law work in
             | the NHS - so lots of interesting family conversations about
             | this!
        
             | f6v wrote:
             | > What was the reason for going after the US market instead
             | of the UK market?
             | 
             | Might have something to do with exorbitant amount of money
             | in the US healthcare.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Bigger spend is definitely important. Drug approval,
               | decentralized decision making, consumer norms all also
               | important.
        
           | newsclues wrote:
           | Canada?
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Not for the coming year. We'd love to as soon as we have
             | capacity!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Eextra953 wrote:
       | Great Idea!I checked out the website and it looks like it is
       | targeted towards older men (40+). Was there any particular
       | reasoning for this? I'm in my 20s and I know a lot of men my age
       | who are obese. Was the program developed specifically for older
       | men?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Really good question. In our customer dev, we tended to find
         | the older guys were a more motivated initial audience because
         | health concerns are more top of mind. Plus there's still a lot
         | of hesitancy & stigma around medication for obesity, but the
         | older guys are more ready to take that step.
         | 
         | Fella works just as well for younger guys. Any more questions I
         | can answer?
        
       | aadvani wrote:
       | A lot of docs I know are prescribing GLP1s already for weight
       | loss, off label. When they get RCT data, get coverage, you guys
       | will be way ahead. Congrats, amazing concept.
        
         | aadvani wrote:
         | I remember reading studies of 30-36 lbs in a year, IF they
         | maintain diet and exercise. I see this adherence as your
         | competitive advantage.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | 15% average body weight loss was the breakthrough study:
           | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
           | 
           | Important to emphasize that diet & exercise are only two
           | parts of broader metabolic health. Sleep also very important.
           | 
           | And something our program focuses a lot on is stress eating.
           | Very prevalent and a big factor, but normally overlooked.
        
       | dlevine wrote:
       | I have done just about everything over the years to lose weight.
       | I tend to exercise a ton naturally, so it has been more about
       | eating less than exercising more. I would say that my natural
       | weight is slightly overweight but not obese.
       | 
       | I've tried various brands of keto (Atkins/4 Hour Body), Weight
       | Watchers, eating slowly, cutting out sugar and wheat, juice
       | fasts. Everything has worked for a time, but the weight has
       | eventually crept back. I have really good willpower, but I've
       | read the research on willpower being a resource that you use up,
       | and definitely agree with it.
       | 
       | For the past couple of months I have been on Noom. I have stuck
       | to it, and I'm now thinner than I have been in a long time, but
       | I'm a little bit skeptical that it's going to last long-term. But
       | I'm getting married in less than 2 months, so I only need to stay
       | where I am until the wedding, and then I can gain a few pounds.
        
         | reilly3000 wrote:
         | Hate to say it but marriage is a sure formula for men's weight
         | gain.
        
           | Hallucinaut wrote:
           | And any subsequent kids are an exponential... at least during
           | lockdown for me
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | There's a lot going on in terms of the kids angle:
             | increased stress, sleep deprivation, hormone changes, less
             | time for exercise & healthy eating. Not easy.
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | Is it possible that you are at healthy weight for you? Because
         | given lifestyle you described, it is quite possible.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Also agree it's definitely possible, although would need to
           | know more about OP.
        
         | criticaltinker wrote:
         | > I've read the research on willpower being a resource that you
         | use up, and definitely agree with it
         | 
         | I don't enjoy subjecting you to cognitive dissonance here...but
         | some highly cited research shows this belief may be a self
         | fulfilling prophecy.
         | 
         |  _> Study 1 found that individual differences in lay theories
         | about willpower moderate ego-depletion effects: People who
         | viewed the capacity for self-control as not limited did not
         | show diminished self-control after a depleting experience._ [1]
         | 
         |  _> Study 2 replicated the effect, manipulating lay theories
         | about willpower._ [1]
         | 
         |  _> Study 3 addressed questions about the mechanism underlying
         | the effect. _ [1]
         | 
         |  _> Study 4, a longitudinal field study, found that theories
         | about willpower predict change in eating behavior,
         | procrastination, and self-regulated goal striving in depleting
         | circumstances. _ [1]
         | 
         |  _> Taken together, the findings suggest that reduced self-
         | control after a depleting task or during demanding periods may
         | reflect people's beliefs about the availability of willpower
         | rather than true resource depletion. _ [1]
         | 
         | [1] Ego Depletion--Is It All in Your Head? Implicit Theories
         | About Willpower Affect Self-Regulation
         | http://icelab.psych.uw.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/job...
         | 
         | [2] Beliefs about willpower determine the impact of glucose on
         | self-control
         | https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/110/37/14837.full.pdf
        
           | dlevine wrote:
           | Interesting! Thanks for sharing.
        
           | pbhjpbhj wrote:
           | Maybe the beliefs come from experiences of different 'types'
           | and the types cause the beliefs?
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Really smart to pick this. The econometrician in me smiled.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Interesting, reading this now.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | "so I only need to stay where I am until the wedding, and then
         | I can gain a few pounds" - this is interesting
        
       | sergiomattei wrote:
       | Hi folks, congratulations on the launch.
       | 
       | Are you considering expanding services for other chronic eating
       | disorders? For example, chronic under eating.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Interesting question. We're no longer coming at this from an ED
         | angle - I could & should write a whole blog about this at some
         | point! Quick take: tackling obesity from a wider health angle
         | (metabolic health, psychological health, behavioral health) is
         | more needed than a narrower focus.
         | 
         | A impressive co focused on serious, udner-eating EDs is
         | https://equip.health/ if you're interested
        
       | peteretep wrote:
       | I had been very, very excited to start semaglutide, but about
       | eight weeks ago I picked up a CBT-based eating book called The
       | Beck Diet Solution and I've so far found it very very effective
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Yep CBT (and third wave cognitive therapies in general) are
         | very effective against emotion-based overeating (e.g. stress
         | eating). Stress eating is widespread and addressing it is a
         | core part of our coaching.
         | 
         | Important to say not everyone struggles with stress eating,
         | which is why our coaching program goes much broader than that.
         | 
         | The metabolic medication aspect is also really helpful, which
         | is why we combine the two for Fella.
        
         | Smaug123 wrote:
         | Not to suggest anything about your personal experience, but
         | note that in general pretty much anyone can follow pretty much
         | any diet for two months and lose weight if they try. The
         | seriously hard bit - and the way you know you've found the
         | right diet for you - is if you can follow it for the third
         | month (and then all the months thereafter). Two months is
         | roughly the upper limit for the "any diet will work for anyone"
         | effect.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Well said. My take from research: structures from a CBT-based
           | approach are really helpful and should be more widespread -
           | but for most people are not sufficient in staying at a
           | healthier weight long-term.
        
       | impostervt wrote:
       | Only available in Texas currently. When's the nationwide rollout?
       | Any more precise than "soon"?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | It's tough with the state-by-state regulation. CA & NY are in
         | the coming month or two. Then the plan is the next 5-10 states
         | by end of Q1 2022. We'll be sprinting to go fully nationwide by
         | end of 2022.
        
           | newman8r wrote:
           | Is this just because of the prescription drug element of your
           | program? If there weren't any medications involved, would you
           | need any state certifications?
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Yep exactly - the prescription drug element requires state-
             | by-state medicine licenses.
        
         | invokestatic wrote:
         | Not affiliated, but I believe with every telemedicine company,
         | the care providers need a medical license in each and every
         | state they have patients in. So it will likely be a long time
         | before they have "nationwide" coverage. This is why many
         | telemedicine startups are only in a select handful of states.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Exactly this! Got there before me.
        
             | derektlo wrote:
             | Hey Richie we can help with that :) https://medallion.co/
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Emailed you!
        
       | deberon wrote:
       | As somebody who has lost and gained weight a couple times, I can
       | confidently say that losing weight on it's own is hard. Really
       | hard. I've had far more success deliberately changing my entire
       | lifestyle and outlook on life. For me, it had to be a part of a
       | wholistic health regimen. This included therapy, healthy eating,
       | regular exercise, proper sleep, and a good balance of
       | recreational activities (it's important to have fun!). As
       | somebody with chronic sleep problems, it's been interesting
       | seeing how unhealthiness in one aspect of life (sleep in my case)
       | can affect other areas of my life (my weight). It's hard to
       | quantify this line of thinking, because in the end, all I did was
       | eat less and exercise more to lose the weight. That advice isn't
       | terribly helpful. Then again, it's very likely that "just be
       | healthier" is just as unhelpful ;)
       | 
       | I will say, don't be too hard on yourself. My stress eating would
       | spiral (and still does!) when I get too hard on myself. Set small
       | goals and objectives (no eating after dark, be mindful of what
       | you put on your plate, no second helpings, etc) because
       | completing these always feels good.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Well written. These are all core aspects of our coaching
         | program to improve metabolic health: improve sleep, reduce
         | stress, more pleasurable activities, better food choices,
         | sustainable exercise routine, reasonable portion sizes.
         | 
         | The "small goals" is also critical to counter all-or-nothing
         | thinking. We use a mix of behavioral & cognitive approaches to
         | try to cement the improved habits & ways of thinking.
        
       | robg wrote:
       | You mentioned stress eating, how does the coaching help stress
       | and sleep management? As our self-regulatory cognitive defenses
       | drop across a long stressful day, how to help encourage sleep not
       | eating?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | The stress eating side takes inspiration from a CBT-based
         | approach. Lots of aspects to CBT, but an important part is to
         | recognize what we're use the tool (relieve stress) & when we're
         | using the tool (late evening) - then to find a better tool to
         | replicate that stress relief.
        
       | neom wrote:
       | Looks like you're using a common and old Diabetes medication to
       | control glucose, changing the regulation of appetite? I'm curious
       | why this works best for men? Does it work in women?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Yep GLP-1 RAs are the gold-standard, if insurance coverage
         | permits (because they are expensive if you have to pay out-of-
         | pocket). The effect is roughly equal in men & women. The big
         | breakthrough was the latest GLP-1 RA called Semaglutide, FDA
         | approved in 2017 for diabetes and June 2021 for weight
         | management. The main paper for that is here if you're
         | interested:
         | 
         | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
        
       | hnenbythrow wrote:
       | I'm non-binary, assigned male at birth. I totally agree that
       | having a program aimed at men and building supportive communities
       | for men is important, as they are often under served by existing
       | support infrastructures.
       | 
       | I'm curious if you'd consider non-binary folks as well? Should I
       | not sign up if I'm nonbinary? Or even anyone who is ok with a
       | 'primarily for men' atmosphere?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | You're 100% welcome here. Would love it if you wanted to sign
         | up.
         | 
         | Or if easier, you can drop me an email on richie@joinfella.com
         | and we'll sort you!
        
       | eh9 wrote:
       | Im genuinely curious: how much different is obesity in women?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Biologically: mostly similar, although some important hormonal
         | differences. More research coming on this.
         | 
         | Psychologically & socially: very different.
        
       | criticaltinker wrote:
       | Interesting offering, definitely an important market.
       | 
       | > So we started researching effective, evidence-based treatments
       | for obesity
       | 
       | Fasting has a tremendous amount science supporting it [1], can
       | you articulate why you're pursuing the prescribed semaglutide
       | approach instead?
       | 
       | [1] Fasting: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications
       | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155041311...
        
         | elric wrote:
         | Fasting is a migraine trigger for me. Many other migraineurs
         | agree. Other migraineurs see benefits from fasting.
         | 
         | My point being: there is no "one size fits all" approach to
         | weight loss.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Important to hear this. I'd say there's a huge lack of
           | empathy (understanding that someone can have a very different
           | experience) in this space because of how it's tied in with
           | society's take on individualism & moral responsibility.
        
         | TeeMassive wrote:
         | I tried fasting and a pure keto diet. While they do work, I
         | felt miserable. This is not sustainable for people like me who
         | has to lose more than 100 pounds.
         | 
         | Now I started losing weight by just balancing macro-nutrients;
         | more protein, more vegetables, less carbs as opposed to
         | absolutes "no" and "only" except for no sugary drinks and beer
         | and deserts except in social occasions. Also big emphasis on
         | weight lifting as opposed to cardio. Cardio helps with its own
         | health benefits but is very poor for muscle growth and fat loss
         | and should be seen as a compliment.
        
           | faichai wrote:
           | I felt miserable on Keto the first two times I tried it. I've
           | found doing fasting in the month prior helped with the
           | adaptation and a large part of the misery was loss of
           | electrolytes.
           | 
           | By using electrolyte powder I only really had one or two
           | really miserable days this time round.
        
             | TeeMassive wrote:
             | Very interesting. I'll try it out with electrolytes. What
             | did you take as electrolytes supplement?
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Interesting. How long have you been doing keto this time?
        
               | faichai wrote:
               | Only week 3, but finding it pretty great this time round,
               | ketones actively suppressing appetite, eating about 2
               | meals a day, down about 6kg so far. I still fast a couple
               | of times a week, but being in ketosis already makes it
               | crazy easy. Have enough energy for gym, though power
               | slightly down.
               | 
               | I hear people can hit a wall about 8 weeks in, but also
               | hear that could be down to over-consuming seed oils. Will
               | see how it goes.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Interesting to know, thanks.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Yep spot on about the sustainability. We hear this all the
           | time from the Fellas.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Spot on about fasting, and keto has solid evidence as well -
         | https://www.virtahealth.com/ are a great company focused on
         | this.
         | 
         | The issue is we're starting to have a more nuanced
         | understanding of the metabolic resistance people face when they
         | undergo dietary changes - basically the body fights _hard_
         | against you as you try to lose weight by dieting.
         | 
         | So it's now industry-standard among obesity specialist doctors
         | to see obesity as a "metabolic disease" which, for the vast
         | majority of people, needs a medical approach which doesn't rely
         | on willpower.
        
           | criticaltinker wrote:
           | Thanks for your response and taking the time to answer these
           | questions.
           | 
           | > basically the body fights _hard_ against you as you try to
           | lose weight by dieting
           | 
           | Anecdotally I think many folks would agree. Any citations or
           | references you could provide on this point would be greatly
           | appreciated - I'm struggling to find any solid literature
           | with the phrase "metabolic resistance" in the context of
           | dietary changes.
           | 
           | > So it's now industry-standard among obesity specialist
           | doctors to see obesity as a "metabolic disease" which, for
           | the vast majority of people, needs a medical approach which
           | doesn't rely on willpower.
           | 
           | I agree that the current standard of care is largely focused
           | on prescription medication. Is there strong evidence
           | supporting the claim that the majority of people need
           | treatment that doesn't rely on willpower? I'm particularly
           | interested in the well documented association between obesity
           | and mental health [1], and I think Fella would be especially
           | compelling if a holistic approach to treatment was offered.
           | 
           | [1] The High Prevalence of Poor Physical Health and Unhealthy
           | Lifestyle Behaviours in Individuals with Severe Mental
           | Illness https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David-
           | Scott-76/publicat...
        
             | lharries wrote:
             | (Richie's co-founder here)
             | 
             | You're spot on with the link between mental health and
             | obesity and the need for a holistic approach.
             | 
             | For many of the guys stress and anxiety will play a key
             | part in their food habits. This is something that our
             | coaches actively ask about and help manage if relevant. For
             | other guys it might be sleep [1] or it might be macro-
             | nutrients. The coaching will depend on the person and we
             | make these changes supported by their medical team.
             | 
             | > Anecdotally I think many folks would agree. Any citations
             | or references you could provide on this point would be
             | greatly appreciated - I'm struggling to find any solid
             | literature with the phrase "metabolic resistance" in the
             | context of dietary changes.
             | 
             | "Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight
             | loss" [2] and [3] are both interesting papers on this. With
             | the summary being that weight loss results in prolonged
             | changes in your hormones associated with increased appetite
             | and thus weight regain. This results in a strong negative
             | feedback cycle.
             | 
             | [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28164452/ [2]
             | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22029981/ [3]
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5764193/
        
               | criticaltinker wrote:
               | Thank you for the excellent response and citations. I
               | think you and Richie are on to something here - wishing
               | you the best of luck.
        
               | lharries wrote:
               | Thank you! I enjoyed your great comments too
        
           | zadler wrote:
           | What's the connection between stress eating and metabolic
           | disease?
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | 1. Stress causes the adrenal glands to release a hormone
             | called cortisol, and cortisol increases appetite.
             | 
             | 2. When stressed, we look for relief - and for a lot of
             | people that relief comes as food, or the act of eating
             | itself.
             | 
             | Both of these often lead to overeating which is a cause of
             | metabolic disease.
        
           | jimmaswell wrote:
           | > basically the body fights hard against you as you try to
           | lose weight by dieting.
           | 
           | I used to weigh 310lbs, now I'm 215lbs. All I did was count
           | calories to maintain a deficit and the results were
           | essentially the same as predicted by the math. I was a bit
           | hungry sometimes at first as I adjusted to it but that's
           | really it. Prioritizing protein and fat over carbs helps with
           | that.
           | 
           | What ways does the body tend to fight against people?
        
             | faichai wrote:
             | Losing weight is essentially a stress on the body, the
             | response of which is to produce a lot of cortisol, which in
             | turn can mess with testosterone and other hormones.
             | 
             | For me the caloric restriction leads to so much cortisol
             | that I can't really sleep properly no matter how much I try
             | to exhaust myself.
             | 
             | Keto seems to be kinder (in week 3, of trying it for the
             | 3rd time, previous times unsuccessful). But too early to
             | say for sure.
        
               | criticaltinker wrote:
               | Thanks for pointing out the relationship between caloric
               | restriction and cortisol production. Your statements and
               | anecdotes seem to be well supported by the literature.
               | 
               |  _> Starvation caused a rise in plasma cortisol [...] but
               | no change in total urinary cortisol metabolites. _ [1]
               | 
               |  _> very low calorie diet (VLCD) did not alter plasma
               | cortisol and markedly reduced cortisol metabolite
               | excretion [...]. _ [1]
               | 
               |  _> Overall, caloric restriction significantly increased
               | serum cortisol level in 13 studies (357 total
               | participants). Fasting showed a very strong effect in
               | increasing serum cortisol, while VLCD and LCD did not
               | show significant increases. _ [2]
               | 
               |  _> The meta-regression analysis showed a negative
               | association between the serum cortisol level and the
               | duration of caloric restriction, indicating serum
               | cortisol is increased in the initial period of caloric
               | restriction but decreased to the baseline level after
               | several weeks. _ [2]
               | 
               | [1] Influence of short-term dietary weight loss on
               | cortisol secretion and metabolism in obese men
               | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alexandra-
               | Johnstone/pub...
               | 
               | [2] Systematic review and meta-analysis reveals acutely
               | elevated plasma cortisol following fasting but not less
               | severe calorie restriction https://www.tandfonline.com/do
               | i/abs/10.3109/10253890.2015.11...
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Great links.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Anecdotally: I also used to struggle to sleep when I was
               | dieting. My sensation was intense hunger when I was in
               | bed where I couldn't stop thinking about food in the
               | kitchen.
        
             | bserge wrote:
             | Extreme hunger, like others said. I'd class it as a subset
             | of impulsive behavior, which is basically your primitive
             | brain doing it's caveman shit and not listening to _you_ ,
             | the conscious mind.
             | 
             | Apparently some people don't have this problem, which makes
             | me incredibly envious (or would if I could feel anything).
             | 
             | It's this nagging thought of "JESUS CHRIST YOU'RE GONNA DIE
             | IF YOU DON'T EAT A LOT RIGHT NOW!"
             | 
             | I've experienced it after hard days at work (construction),
             | multi hour lifting, cycling 50km. Same shit every time.
             | Surprisingly, unlike what my dumbass brain says, I don't
             | die if I eat only a little and just go to sleep.
             | 
             | Counting calories didn't work btw. It actually made it
             | worse as my primitive brain would _know_ it 's "starving".
        
               | im3w1l wrote:
               | Have you heard of Pavlovs Dog, that started salivating
               | when he rang a bell? Normally it's seen as an example of
               | conditioning. But I think it's an illustration of
               | something I noticed in my own life: That the primary
               | cause of hunger feelings is expecting a treat.
               | 
               | When I haven't eaten in a while and know food isn't
               | coming, I don't really feel hungry, I just feel tired.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Interesting to hear!
               | 
               | "hunger" is a simple word for a pretty complex mix of
               | biological, psychological, and environmental factors.
        
               | jimmaswell wrote:
               | I used to have that problem with sleeping and hunger. For
               | me it just went away eventually.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Interesting. How long is eventually by the way?
        
               | jimmaswell wrote:
               | It's hard to say, but probably not more than a month. I
               | think I compensated a bit by saving some calories to eat
               | directly before bed, but there was definitely some time
               | of simply powering through it. If the Fella plan makes
               | things like this easier then that sounds pretty cool.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | re: powering through, any tactics you used? Or literally
               | just there in bed promising yourself not to move?
        
               | jimmaswell wrote:
               | Water helped to an extent. I believe at some point I just
               | lied there for a while and didn't give in. Eating just a
               | little but not enough to not have a deficit anymore also
               | helped. I've done this whole thing very slow and steady
               | in general, and I think that helps with consistency.
               | 
               | Someone here or on reddit once had a problem with their
               | mind keeping them up for either hunger or to check their
               | phone or something, and they started doing pushups every
               | time it happened, and some part of the brain learned the
               | association and cut it out. I never did that but it might
               | be worth trying.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Helpful to know, thanks!
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Said like a true Fella. I hear this _a lot_.
        
               | rubicon33 wrote:
               | > I've experienced it after hard days at work
               | (construction), multi hour lifting, cycling 50km. Same
               | shit every time. Surprisingly, unlike what my dumbass
               | brain says, I don't die if I eat only a little and just
               | go to sleep.
               | 
               | I too have experienced this sensation my whole life under
               | such situations. In fact, one of my favorite things to do
               | in life is go for a 6-7 mile run, come home and lift
               | weight for an hour or two... then... wait until I'm
               | hungry (usually about 45 min) and eat an insane amount of
               | food. The food tastes 10x better, and the sensation when
               | eating it is pure bliss.
               | 
               | Always have felt great doing that, and I'm really skinny.
               | We clearly don't have any idea why some people can do
               | that, and others cant. It's probably not until we
               | understand that difference that we'll have any sense what
               | metabolically is happening.
        
               | issa wrote:
               | As someone whose weight has been all over the place in my
               | life, I really appreciate hearing this. I've known it is
               | true forever, but it is rare to hear other people saying
               | it. There is much more to weight than calories in/out.
               | Some people can skip a meal without noticing, others
               | count the minutes until the next meal. I always flip it
               | on its head. For some reason it is easy for people to
               | understand that certain people would have trouble gaining
               | 20 pounds, others could do it in a month easily. But when
               | you talk about losing 20 pounds, people start talking
               | about willpower.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | I've really never thought about that flip before.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | I was questioned in high school in the 90s whether I had
               | an eating disorder. I just ignore hunger until it goes
               | away... I simply don't want food. I don't like to eat
               | around other people, either. When I do eat, around 2am
               | every day, I've really looked forward to it so it's
               | pleasurable. But as a functional alcoholic I fully
               | understand counting the minutes to something. This where
               | "eating disorder" self control comes into play. I think
               | of myself drunk just like I think of myself fat with a
               | face covered in food in front of other people, and it's
               | been enough to stop me for 20 years from hitting the
               | bottle until work is over. On the subject of self
               | control, everyone is a hero if you can find any at all.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Thank you for sharing.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | > "eat an insane amount of food. The food tastes 10x
               | better, and the sensation when eating it is pure bliss"
               | 
               | This stuck out for me. Especially interesting that taste
               | & eating sensation are both heightened.
        
             | jjeaff wrote:
             | I used to be able to do that in my twenties. Now, in my
             | thirties, it appears I have lost that ability. Cutting my
             | calories seems to causey body to go into a sort of
             | hibernation where it becomes more efficient and conserves
             | more calories.
             | 
             | In other words, my metabolic burn rate at rest and while
             | active seems to go down significantly.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Important that you bring up the age factor. We're doing
               | more research now with our doctors on how best to adjust
               | treatment based specifically on male hormonal changes
               | with age.
        
             | zinclozenge wrote:
             | Unfortunately there are people like me who don't only feel
             | a bit hungry, when I eat at a deficit there are times where
             | I get so hungry my thoughts are completely consumed by the
             | hunger. The only way for me to successfully lose weight was
             | to have days where I simply eat nothing at all.
             | 
             | Sounds counter-intuitive but after getting over the initial
             | extreme hunger I found that the hunger sensations would
             | diminish into a background noise, of sorts. That and the
             | rules are easy to follow: eat nothing. When I'd eat at a
             | deficit I'd frequently justify to myself that eating a
             | little bit more than I was planning on doing was ok because
             | it was only a little. And then I'd do that several times
             | until I felt completely satiated, defeating the purpose.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | The complete fasting approach is pretty common among
               | Fellas I've spoken with. Lot of the guys have powerful
               | "all-or-nothing" traits, where it feels easier to have a
               | strict intense rule than a more nuanced approach.
               | 
               | The issue comes when you therefore become so hungry your
               | body drives you to eat a lot of food all at once. But I'm
               | interested that you notice your hunger sensations
               | actually diminish over time.
        
               | andi999 wrote:
               | Isn't it actually well known that you are not hungry when
               | fasting (after a couple of days)?
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Yep I've just been reading up on this now actually:
               | ghrelin & leptin changes after day 2 of a fast.
        
             | nevinera wrote:
             | This is what's known as an 'anecdote', and is at the crux
             | of the issues surrounding men's weight loss. This approach,
             | and other very obvious and straightforward ones do indeed
             | work perfectly well for a fair fraction of the population,
             | but they perform poorly for another large fraction, and
             | _fail abysmally_ for yet a third.
             | 
             | While there are no doubt plenty of people that could lose
             | weight fairly readily if they gave it some basic effort,
             | most of the people who are actively _trying_ to do so
             | (enough to pay for a service that supports that, for
             | example) are in the second and third categories. And yet
             | every time anyone posts in a non-dedicated forum _anything_
             | about systems and plans to help that group solve their
             | problems, there are a dozen people like you popping in to
             | tell us  "it's not that hard, just give it a try!"
             | 
             | I regularly make 60 mile bike rides, I can jog 10 miles
             | (though I can't walk the next day when I do), I play tennis
             | about 7 hours a week. I weigh 465 pounds. Trust me, I've
             | tried the approach you're describing here. I once managed
             | to hold onto it for 8 months, during which I lost about
             | thirty pounds and then plateaued, while constantly fighting
             | my body. I was sick twice as often as usual, and I had to
             | carefully micromanage my calorie intake to make sure I had
             | available calories for any physical activity I wanted to
             | engage in, all while _constantly_ battling cravings for
             | dozens of foods _I don 't even like_.
             | 
             | It would be a simpler world if all of us fat people were
             | just fat because we're _lazy_ , but the truth is that
             | people vary really a lot, physically and metabolically.
             | Your experience of the world is valid, but not universal.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | That's what's known as an anecdote. This is what's known
               | as a counterexample. And one thing is certain: No method
               | has 100% success. To me the more important question isn't
               | what percentage of cases something addresses, but whether
               | it's a self fix where the benefits outweigh the risks.
               | The risks of intermittent fasting are relatively low, and
               | it may have side benefits like prolonged lifespan and
               | slower telomere degradation as shown in animal models.
               | The risks of essentially hacking your own insulin
               | production to upregulate it if you're not diabetic are
               | not nearly as well understood. On an individual basis,
               | whatever gets you to where you're happy is great.
               | Personally I've fasted every day my entire adult life and
               | still have to work to keep weight off. But when someone
               | puts a slick marketing package on fasting or drugs or
               | surgery or anything else, I have to question whether they
               | really have my best interests at heart. And usually the
               | answer is obviously not.
        
               | nevinera wrote:
               | I'm not arguing in favor of any particular approach (in
               | particular the one posed by the original poster, which I
               | have done zero research into). If and when they launch in
               | a meaningful way I'll bother doing that research, but I
               | am also a cynic about people offering to make a difficult
               | thing easy for a recurring fee.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Sure. And well we should be. Identify what people view as
               | a personal problem, then offer a solution. This is the
               | second YC startup I've seen today that falls under the
               | category of magic baldness cream.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Guess I gotta step in here to protest "magic baldness
               | cream".
               | 
               | We're not offering anything magic. The medication side
               | has a compelling & growing evidence base:
               | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
               | 
               | For the vast majority obesity doctors, a medication-
               | assisted approach is now the gold standard.
               | 
               | The program side is also no magic. We do tough work, but
               | with a strong evidence base, a powerful support structure
               | and we give ourselves enough time (12-month program). We
               | focus on the root causes of poor metabolic health:
               | stress, sleep, exercise, dietary. From both the
               | behavioral & psychological angles.
               | 
               | No magic here, just evidence-based interventions.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Happy to help with any research if I can. A good starting
               | point for the medication I referred to in my post is
               | here: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
        
               | evol262 wrote:
               | This is what's known as an 'anecdote', and is at the crux
               | of the issues surrounding weight loss.
               | 
               | Virtually every _controlled_ study shows that metabolic
               | differences between adults are within a margin of +/-
               | 15%, with essentially no way to eat the same amount of
               | calories as a 200lb person and stay at 465lbs. Not least
               | of which because your basal metabolic rate is much higher
               | at that weight.
               | 
               | Virtually every study shows that overweight people
               | significantly underestimate their input (whether
               | intentionally deceptive or simply unaware) and overreport
               | their physical activity, like "I can jog 10 miles", or "I
               | play tennis about 7 hours a week", or "I regularly make
               | 60 mile bike rides". If you do, you're the extreme
               | outlier, and it doesn't change the data. Assuming you can
               | do those things, you're almost certainly still in your
               | 20s, and the health effects of your weight haven't really
               | caught up with your body yet.
               | 
               | Very simply, it's far more likely that you miss some of
               | the calories you consume, either because you don't
               | actually weigh your food or you discount the signficance
               | of "small" things. A pound of fat is 3500 calories.
               | That's more complicated inside metabolic processes, but
               | it means that "an apple a day" is 10lbs per year.
               | 
               | That isn't to say that "prescribe more medication instead
               | of correcting the underlying issue" (trauma, self-
               | medication, dopamine flush, whatever) is the answer, but
               | that diets perform poorly for a large fraction and fail
               | abysmally for another third because we are bad at
               | tracking things, we are bad at being uncomfortable, and
               | we bad at self control, etc. Diets do work. It's sticking
               | to the diet and recognizing when you're off the rails
               | which is difficult.
               | 
               | It's also difficult to acknowledge that this "diet" is
               | not temporary and you can go back to old eating habits
               | once the weight is off. The new caloric consumption is
               | forever, because that's what brought you to the new
               | homeostatis.
        
               | nevinera wrote:
               | > overreport their physical activity, like "I can jog 10
               | miles", or "I play tennis about 7 hours a week", or "I
               | regularly make 60 mile bike rides". If you do, you're the
               | extreme outlier, and it doesn't change the data. Assuming
               | you can do those things, you're almost certainly still in
               | your 20s, and the health effects of your weight haven't
               | really caught up with your body yet
               | 
               | I'm 37, and 6'5". and if you're calling me a liar, you
               | can fuck right off.
               | 
               | >within a margin of +/- 15%, with essentially no way to
               | eat the same amount of calories as a 200lb person and
               | stay at 465lbs. Not least of which because your basal
               | metabolic rate is much higher at that weight.
               | 
               | I was not trying to indicate that the actual metabolic
               | burn rate of humans varies by huge factors, "metabolism"
               | is a colloquial term that encompasses a poorly defined
               | set of features. The physical, psychological, and
               | emotional components of your experience of a calorie
               | deficit are what causes the experiential variance I'm
               | describing.
               | 
               |  _Of course_ if I could eat a 2000 calorie diet
               | consistently for a long period of time I would lose
               | weight! I 've performed that process numerous times, with
               | various caloric deficits (my basal is a bit past 3k, so
               | 2k is a pretty serious deficit - I wasn't able to hold
               | that one past three weeks). This is when most thin people
               | start rambling about "willpower", but maybe just skip
               | that part this time? It's not useful to any of us actual
               | fat people.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Agreed about the willpower rambling and the usefulness.
               | This is the crux for me.
        
               | evol262 wrote:
               | I said that you may be an extreme outlier. You're also
               | larger than every NFL player in history, everyone in
               | World's Strongest Man, etc. A 10 mile jog (let's say
               | 80-100 minutes of uninterrupted running) is the sort of
               | "I could eat 50 eggs" number people pull out.
               | 
               | At 6'5", you are an outlier. 2kcal is too low, much as
               | it's too high for the average woman. This doesn't mean
               | that metabolism is a "colloquial" term. It means that
               | "the physical, psychological, and emotional components"
               | is a long way of saying "it's hard", and "the
               | experiential variance I'm describing" is "the payoff did
               | not seem to be worth the cost".
               | 
               | In general, my post wasn't intended to be an attack on
               | you. It's that "I cut calories and I lost weight" is not
               | anecdotal. It's factual. The anecdote, if any, is "I'm
               | larger than the largest professional athletes and I can
               | still perform". Since it's hard to stick with cutting
               | calories for many people, throwing drugs at it with Fella
               | is not the right answer.
               | 
               | A holistic approach which addresses trauma, reasons for
               | emotional eating, lifestyle replacements, recalibration
               | of palate, satiation even at a deficit, and all the rest
               | should be explored alongside drugs so "I cut calories and
               | I lost weight" is easier to stick with.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Honestly this is a pretty good description of the Fella
               | program: "A holistic approach which addresses trauma,
               | reasons for emotional eating, lifestyle replacements,
               | recalibration of palate, satiation even at a deficit, and
               | all the rest."
               | 
               | We designed Fella because "throwing drugs at it" is not
               | the best solution for patients.
               | 
               | The crucial difference to your approach is the addition
               | of the medication. Which if you speak to any obesity
               | specialist MD, is exactly what they'd recommend:
               | pharmacotherapy + psychological & behavioral
               | intervention.
               | 
               | Please do not let moral posturing cause you to underrate
               | the importance of a holistic approach which includes
               | medication-assistance.
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | > It's that "I cut calories and I lost weight" is not
               | anecdotal. It's factual.
               | 
               | It simplifies the problem though, because for many, that
               | approach has side-effects that seriously affect quality
               | of life, like sleep, concentration, mood swings,
               | depression etc.
               | 
               | Speaking of depression, I often get a similar vibe in
               | those threads, where undoubtedly someone will jump in and
               | say "all you have to do is lift heavy weights and change
               | your diet a bit". It feels like they haven't experienced
               | what other people have, so their advice sounds tone-deaf,
               | a version of "let them eat cake".
               | 
               | > Since it's hard to stick with cutting calories for many
               | people, throwing drugs at it with Fella is not the right
               | answer.
               | 
               | If it works, it's great. Because obviously the "just
               | change your life to be like me and hope for the best"
               | approach doesn't work for most people, or they'd do it.
        
               | kec wrote:
               | If calorie restriction is causing those side effects, it
               | is an indicator that the person is "doing it wrong" by
               | either restricting their intake far more than is healthy
               | or more likely their diet is very sub optimal (eg, 100%
               | carbs causing blood sugar to spike and then crash when
               | they "run out" of calories).
               | 
               | These are problems of application which are easy to fix
               | with a food journal and perhaps a bit of research, not
               | really a great argument against calorie restrictions
               | effectiveness.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Really nicely put.
               | 
               | I've wanted to bring up how physicians treatment of
               | depression has radically changed in the last few decades
               | (to have a much greater appreciation of the medication-
               | assistance), but I didn't want to bring it up myself as I
               | thought it may be too confusion/controversial.
        
               | Zababa wrote:
               | > Virtually every _controlled_ study shows that metabolic
               | differences between adults are within a margin of +/-
               | 15%, with essentially no way to eat the same amount of
               | calories as a 200lb person and stay at 465lbs. Not least
               | of which because your basal metabolic rate is much higher
               | at that weight.
               | 
               | That sound a bit wrong to me. Fat needs energy to
               | maintain itself? Isn't it just an energy store? If you're
               | 465lbs with the same muscle percentage as someone 200lbs
               | maybe that's how it works, but no one at 465lbs has less
               | than 15/20% body fat.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | It's more that the muscles (assuming same muscle mass)
               | have to do comparatively more work if they are carrying
               | around more weight.
        
               | Zababa wrote:
               | That is true but I don't think that accounts for all the
               | metabolism. There's probably something to say about
               | having to maintain your temperature, but I don't know if
               | it consumes more or less energy in general as fat
               | isolates. Wikipedia
               | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_metabolic_rate) says
               | that 70% of the metabolism comes from the organs, 20% the
               | muscles and 10% thermogenesis. All probably grow as you
               | gain weight, but I seriously doubt that an obese person
               | weighing 400lbs consumes twice as much energy as someone
               | weighing 200lbs. What I'm trying to say is that the idea
               | that you have to eat enormous quantities of food to
               | maintain a high weight seems wrong to me, and that simply
               | saying that the person must be missing some calories that
               | they consume or lying about their level of activity seems
               | condescending to me.
               | 
               | To change the subject, do you plan on expending Fella to
               | Europe at some point? I really like your approach.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Really nicely put.
               | 
               | Yep we're British founders so would love to expand to
               | Europe in the future. Sadly won't be for a couple of
               | years though - lots of work to be done first in the US!
        
               | Zababa wrote:
               | Thanks, and good luck with the US!
        
               | phonypc wrote:
               | > _Fat needs energy to maintain itself?_
               | 
               | Yes. Stored fat isn't just inert fat, but fatty tissue.
               | Made of cells that need energy to stay alive.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Unsure how helpful this slapdown is after the guy is
               | sharing something pretty vulnerable.
        
               | evol262 wrote:
               | Diets don't fail because they're inherently flawed and
               | the system is more complex than we think it is. Diets
               | fail because people fail. "I tried and I failed, but I
               | still do all this physical stuff or could if I wanted to"
               | is dishonesty, whether intended or not.
               | 
               | Asserting that, for some unspecified (but large) fraction
               | of the population, tracking your caloric intake and
               | energy expenditure versus the number on the scale is
               | inherently flawed is dangerous, misleading, and probably
               | false. At least partly because overweight people may lie
               | to themselves.
               | 
               | In this sense, and in the context of Fella, throwing more
               | drugs at the problem isn't a solution any more than
               | throwing additional hardware at an application because
               | the developer insists that database indexes don't work
               | everywhere. It's true, but requires extraordinary
               | evidence, and should not be the baseline assumption.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | The thing is, if you speak to obesity specialist MDs,
               | they really do come at this in a different way. They have
               | a _much_ more nuanced view of how underlying metabolism
               | / biology interact with CICO.
               | 
               | I know personally because I used to believe a puritan
               | CICO, but had a "viewquake" moment speaking with them and
               | had to change a lot about what I believe!
               | 
               | Importantly they try to focus exclusively on _practical_
               | solutions for the population: what will actually work in
               | the world. They detach themselves from a lot of the
               | moralizing we see.
        
               | donnythecroc wrote:
               | It does look like Fella is addressing psychological
               | issues which I think are huge. The issue if you deny that
               | calories in v calories burnt is the essential metric is
               | you end up with the problem with bariatric surgery where
               | people literally eat to the point of severe pain and
               | don't lose weight. It's why responsible surgeon always
               | require significant calorie restriction weight loss
               | before surgery.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | I'm sorry this isn't clearer. The core part of the
               | coaching program is focused on psychology: we even call
               | it "psychological coaching" internally! That's the stress
               | eating side, then also diving deeper into why we make the
               | food choices & portion size choices we do.
               | 
               | My take: a approach focused only on changing behavior has
               | good parts, but traditionally been way too much reliance
               | on this and not enough on the psychological/cognitive
               | side.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Really nicely put.
        
               | O_H_E wrote:
               | Oh Wow, just wow.
               | 
               | You just explained and expanded on my thoughts and
               | conversations about my ADHD very well.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Interesting parallel.
        
             | speeder wrote:
             | I will use myself as an example: I have Hashimoto disease,
             | and even treated my metabolism can get so slow that I need
             | to eat so little that I start to have nutrient deficits,
             | for example one of the past dieting attempts resulted in
             | hair loss, brittle nails, cracking skin, because I needed
             | so little calories that when I consumed exactly what I
             | needed, I ended with a protein deficit.
             | 
             | Only solution I found that worked was go for pure
             | weightlifting, literally train as if I was aiming to he an
             | Olympic champion, and even then I still ended overweight (I
             | am 1.75m tall, smallest weight I managed, that was then I
             | was training heavily and had a diet that was almost 100%
             | protein, was 98kg)
        
               | jimmaswell wrote:
               | That's interesting. That weight isn't necessarily
               | unhealthy if it's largely muscle from all the training.
               | Did you end up with a low body fat percentage despite the
               | weight?
        
               | mylons wrote:
               | i'm in a similar spot as the OP. lifting helps, but i'm
               | still pretty fat. 5'11" 250lbs. worksets are 355lb squat,
               | 225lb bench, 425lb deadlift, 175lb overhead press. it's
               | hard to tell i'm strong, but i'm slightly more slender at
               | this weight than i was before lifting. it definitely
               | helps with aches and pains i used to have, primarily back
               | pain.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Those are some tasty numbers.
        
               | mylons wrote:
               | haha, thanks. happy with the strength, not happy being
               | 250lbs.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Really interesting to know, thank you.
        
             | lharries wrote:
             | Great to hear you've had success.
             | 
             | [1] is an interesting paper which gives you some hormonal
             | examples. Effectively when you try and lose weight your
             | body responds by increasing the hormones associated with
             | greater satiety and weight regain. And these change may
             | persists for a while -- this papers documenting the change
             | lasting past a a year. This will very by person however so
             | if you have something which works for you keep going.
             | 
             | [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22029981/
        
           | Unbeliever69 wrote:
           | This has been so true to me. At the beginning of the pandemic
           | I started keto. The first six months the weight fell off then
           | I just hit a wall right around the time I began exercising (a
           | full season of skiing) and weight lifting. For the last month
           | I've been combining keto with IF and I'm getting a tiny bit
           | of headway. My body just seems to be fighting VERY hard to
           | resist my best efforts. And while I'm not checking to see if
           | my body is in ketosis, my diet is significantly more strict
           | compared to when I started keto 1.5 yr ago. I keep doing keto
           | (despite the plateau) because it has helped me in many other
           | ways (sleep, asthma, chronic fatigue, mental health etc.) For
           | reference I am 51 yo.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Interesting to hear this personal experience.
             | 
             | If you're interested in some research behind this:
             | 
             | "Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight
             | loss" - [1] and [2] are both interesting papers on this.
             | With the summary being that weight loss results in
             | prolonged changes in your hormones associated with
             | increased appetite and thus weight regain. This results in
             | a strong negative feedback cycle.
             | 
             | [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22029981/ [2]
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5764193/
             | 
             | tldr: our bodies make it v difficult for folks!
        
       | diskzero wrote:
       | I am glad to see this. I was involved in a similar startup that
       | became bogged down due to reasons that had nothing to do with the
       | validity of the approach you are taking.
       | 
       | As I am sure you are aware, obesity is a complex issue and many
       | of the suggestions sufferers get such as eat less, exercise more,
       | try fasting, go keto, etc. are simply not helpful in and of
       | themselves. Neither is just prescribing the latest medications
       | without other forms of support.
       | 
       | I hope your concept of telehealth, medical supervision and
       | personal coaching is one that will get results. Obesity is a
       | serious issue that is robbing society of people and potential.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Thank you very much for this. Kind message.
         | 
         | What was the previous startup by the way? Always interested in
         | improving my knowledge of the space!
        
         | senojretep356 wrote:
         | Agree - I think psychology is everything. It's odd that
         | drinking too much and drugs is always put down to trauma,
         | stress, and psychological treatment is seen as number 1,
         | whereas with food addiction - it's often ignored to the very
         | last.
         | 
         | People can argue until they're blue in the face but if you eat
         | less calories than you burn you will lose weight. The problem
         | is people with trauma plus a food addiction are not able to do
         | this.
         | 
         | Is there any research around where you live and propensity for
         | morbid obesity - especially living by the sea? I could only
         | find one study which did support this theory but it was in the
         | UK. I live in Bondi Beach where socialising is essentially
         | exercising - surfing, swimming, kayaking etc etc and
         | anecdotally I don't think I've ever seen a morbidly obese
         | person in over 30 years (I know this sounds ridiculous and
         | maybe it's because they never leave the house but it's true).
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | We're definitely a big proponent of a psychological approach
           | for a lot of Fellas. And "food addiction" is a controversial
           | but rapidly growing area of research.
           | 
           | That said, important to state a psychological-only approach
           | sadly isn't sufficient for the majority of people.
           | 
           | I've never looked for research on this, but the environmental
           | & social pressures are definitely believable why they may
           | produce this outcome. I also wonder how important selection
           | effect is here for your Bondi Beach example.
        
       | cesher wrote:
       | Where is Washington state in your rollout plan? 2021? 2022?
        
         | lharries wrote:
         | (Richie's co-founder here) We are aiming for Washington by the
         | end of 2021. If you'd like me to let you know when we launch
         | there feel free to fill in the "Am I Eligible" quiz and join
         | the waitlist or send an email to luke@joinfella.com and I'll
         | add you manually
        
           | cesher wrote:
           | Already filled it out, thank you!
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Perfect! Working our hardest to get live in WA in the
             | coming quarters.
        
       | TeeMassive wrote:
       | Any plan for Canada?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Our focus is the US for the coming year or two. The state-by-
         | state expansion is tricky for telehealth companies. But we're
         | British founders so we recognize that this is needed in many
         | other countries in the coming years!
        
       | ryanSrich wrote:
       | Do you help people account for family lifestyles and cooking for
       | more than just themselves? I used to do 2-3 day fasts, but now
       | that I'm married with kids I find it almost impossible to do so
       | since I cook and prep all the meals.
       | 
       | I tried low carb and keto. It works fine for me, but selling my
       | wife on a breakfast that consists of 6 eggs and a pound of bacon
       | is a hard sell. So there's always bread and pasta in the house,
       | which makes it harder to resist.
        
         | MagicWishMonkey wrote:
         | My wife is lifelong vegetarian, and I'm a big fan of keto.
         | We've basically adapted to a "I make food for myself, she makes
         | food for herself and we split responsibility for making food
         | for the kids" workflow and it works out pretty well.
         | 
         | It helps a lot that I do the grocery shopping, I try to avoid
         | buying stuff that I'll be too tempted by - like regular carb
         | tortillas or plain tortilla chips.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Keeping food out of the house is a powerful behavioral
           | device. It takes away the "Ability" part from the Fogg
           | Behavior Model if you find that framework helpful.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Yep really good point about the family dynamics - lots of the
         | Fellas talk about how having teenage kids around makes the
         | dietary side really tough.
         | 
         | How the coaching works in the program is that we dive in at the
         | start to really understand the 1-3 key leverage points where we
         | can make the most impact - then focus all our coaching time on
         | these.
        
       | 1123581321 wrote:
       | Congratulations on the launch! I'm on one of your waitlists. Do
       | you work with any T1 diabetics? My understanding is I wouldn't
       | qualify for Victoza since I haven't demonstrated sufficient
       | ineffectiveness of Metformin. Does the weight loss prescription
       | bypass that whole line of questioning?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | We do work with T1 diabetics, and the weight loss prescription
         | does bypass that line of questioning.
         | 
         | BUT. Cards on the table about qualifying for GLP-1 RAs: most
         | insurance policies still don't include weight management
         | medication, and if they do it is difficult to know how your
         | insurance will react until the doctor writes the prescription.
         | I know people smarter than me are working on changing this
         | about the US healthcare system!
         | 
         | So we'd have to see exactly which medication was a fit after a
         | conversation with the doctor.
         | 
         | Which state are you in by the way?
        
           | 1123581321 wrote:
           | Makes sense. I'm in IL and my doctor would be quite willing
           | to have that conversation. :)
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Nice. Working hard to get to you as soon as we can!
        
       | gnicholas wrote:
       | It sounds like the medication is an important part of this plan.
       | Is it something that you anticipate someone would take
       | indefinitely, or only to get down to a target weight?
       | 
       | Also, can you give some ELI5 background on how the medication
       | works in the body?
        
         | criticaltinker wrote:
         | _> Semaglutide, sold under the brand name Ozempic among others,
         | is an anti-diabetic medication used for the treatment of type 2
         | diabetes and chronic weight management. _ [1]
         | 
         |  _> Semaglutide acts like human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
         | such that it increases insulin secretion, thereby increasing
         | sugar metabolism. It is distributed as a metered subcutaneous
         | injection in a prefilled pen or as an oral form. One of its
         | advantages over other antidiabetic drugs is that it has a long
         | duration of action, thus, only once-a-week injection is
         | sufficient. _ [1]
         | 
         |  _> Side effects including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
         | abdominal pain, and constipation may occur. In people with
         | heart problems, it can cause damage to the back of the eye
         | (retinopathy). Side effects include kidney problems, diabetic
         | retinopathy, allergic reactions, low blood sugar, and
         | pancreatitis. _ [1]
         | 
         |  _> Warning: Risk of Thyroid C-Cell Tumors - In rodents
         | semaglutide causes dose-dependent and treatment-duration-
         | dependent thyroid C-cell tumors at clinically relevant
         | exposures. It is unknown whether semaglutide causes thyroid
         | C-cell tumors, including medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), in
         | humans as human relevance of semaglutide-induced rodent thyroid
         | C-cell tumors has not been determined. _ [2]
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semaglutide
         | 
         | [2] https://www.drugs.com/sfx/semaglutide-side-effects.html
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Yep Semaglutide is the key medication. Important to emphasize
           | it appears to be a safe medication.
        
             | gnicholas wrote:
             | What is the evidence on safety? The side effects sound
             | potentially pretty serious, and as if the likelihood goes
             | up the longer you take it. If this has only been around for
             | a couple years, I'm not sure I'd jump on this just yet.
             | More details would be useful!
        
               | lharries wrote:
               | (Richie's co-founder here)
               | 
               | Semaglutide was FDA approved for diabetes in 2018 (3
               | years ago) and in June this year for weight management.
               | It's part of a class of medication called GLP-1 RAs which
               | operate in a similar way (they all stimulate the same
               | GLP-1 receptor). Liraglutide is another common one that
               | was approved by the FDA in 2010 (11 years ago) for
               | diabetes (by the EU in 2009) and for weight management in
               | 2014. So there is a 3 year of history with this
               | particular medication and an 11 year history for this
               | class of medication.
               | 
               | Here's more about the history of GLP-1s and other weight
               | loss if you'd like: https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline
               | /archives/2021/02/15/gl...
               | 
               | The main side effects that people seem to get are nausea
               | and vomiting when adjusting to the dose, this is likely
               | due to the slowing down of food leaving your stomach.
               | This is documented in the study of nearly two thousand
               | people which lasted for 68 weeks here [1] (where you can
               | also see the other side effects).
               | 
               | It's worth noting that, as with any medication, there is
               | a cost-benefit trade-off. In this case it will depend on
               | someone's current weight, what they've tried in the past,
               | and the risks of other conditions e.g. heart disease,
               | diabetes, and their past medical history. Each person
               | that joins Fella has an in-depth discussion about this
               | with an independent obesity physician and is welcome to
               | speak it through with their own PCP too.
               | 
               | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
        
               | gnicholas wrote:
               | Thanks for your candor. It would be interesting to see
               | what positive effects can be achieved for what types of
               | patients at various different dosing levels.
               | 
               | I'm not at a weight where I'd want to add additional
               | cancer risk in order to lose weight, and unfortunately
               | the data on this sort of incremental risk probably takes
               | decades to be fully realized. Perhaps I'd feel
               | comfortable taking a smaller dose if there were a
               | shorter-than-ideal track record of people taking larger
               | doses without much additional risk.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Agree it's early days in terms of longitudinal follow-up
               | studies. We're looking forward to playing a part in those
               | studies ourselves.
        
               | rossjudson wrote:
               | As mid-fifties person, I have a shorter "long term" than
               | many readers on this site. :) For me, there are the very
               | real and immediate risks of being overweight, versus a
               | potential for longer term risks from the medication.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Well said. These are the kinds of nuanced conversations
               | that our Fellas have with their doctor.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | It's better to think of the medication as more similar to other
         | medications taken for chronic conditions (e.g. hypertension)
         | than a quick fix magic pill.
         | 
         | The papers show consistent weight loss for ~52 weeks, then
         | plateauing off onto 68 weeks. If you suddenly stop taking the
         | medication, the weight creeps back on. The research therefore
         | suggests you can likely slowly taper off the medication after
         | year 1, but with medical supervision to ensure that doesn't
         | lead to weight gain. This is also why improved mindset & habits
         | are also important.
         | 
         | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
         | 
         | ELI5: increases satiety, decreases appetite.
        
         | lharries wrote:
         | (Richie's co-founder here)
         | 
         | > ELI5 for how it works in the body:
         | 
         | GLP-1 RAs such as Semaglutide are increasingly looking like the
         | best class of medication for weight management [1]
         | 
         | GLP-1 RA = Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist.
         | 
         | These medications stimulates a receptor in your body which
         | results in a reduction in body weight and three main effects: 1
         | - Slowing down gastric emptying so food stays in your stomach
         | for longer (this is thought to be why there is sometimes nausea
         | when starting the medication) 2 - Making you feel full by
         | working on your central nervous system 3 - Managing glucose
         | control (which is why it's used for people with diabetes too)
         | 
         | [1] gives you a great summary of the field up to now and how it
         | works.
         | 
         | > Is it something that you anticipate someone would take
         | indefinitely, or only to get down to a target weight?
         | 
         | This will depend on the person, whether they are also diabetic
         | and how much weight they have to lose and is decided through a
         | conversation with their obesity doctor. After around 12-months
         | on these medications the weight loss plateaus (at an average of
         | 15% body weight). If one stops the medication then but hasn't
         | made any changes to their lifestyle they'll likely put the
         | weight back on. But during the 12 months of the program we will
         | be tackling the other factors with the coach: sleep, stress,
         | nutrition. And so after the first year it might well make sense
         | to reduce the medication or stop completely.
         | 
         | Let me know if you have any more questions.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2021/02/15/gl...
        
       | kkoppenhaver wrote:
       | Would have loved to know you're only live in Texas before I went
       | through the ~10 page survey about all my personal information.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Really sorry about this. We tried to make this clear in the
         | post, but you're right we can definitely make this clearer on
         | our website.
         | 
         | Before launching on HN we haven't had an non-Texas traffic so
         | there are some bits we need to change to our infra!
        
           | repler wrote:
           | What are your plans for the information that got filled out
           | on the form, though?
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | We plan to store it until we expand to more states. If
             | you'd like us to delete it, send me an email on
             | richie@joinfella.com & I'll sort it.
        
       | Sunspark wrote:
       | One thing that helps is to not buy candy from Costco.
       | 
       | Just don't. If you have it at home, it's going to get eaten even
       | if you have it on another floor.
       | 
       | Better to buy smaller candy from elsewhere. It'll still get
       | eaten, but at least there'll be no more, and you aren't going to
       | go out again that night to get more candy.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | This is one solid behavioral tactic. Good to have in the
         | toolbox for most people. Lot more to it than this!
        
       | hourislate wrote:
       | As someone who lost 100 lbs (from 278 to around 175)and kept it
       | off, my advice is to stop eating shit food, eat a clean diet (do
       | not go out to eat). Pick a 6 hour window to have your meal(s) and
       | every month over a weekend or your time off take 3 days (72
       | hours) and don't eat a thing. Wash rinse and repeat. In one year
       | you will lose more weight than you ever thought imaginable. The
       | nice thing is exercise is optional but if you want to then just
       | take long walks as much as you like.
       | 
       | No medication/drugs/gyms.
        
         | noduerme wrote:
         | life long daily faster here. Going out to eat is not the
         | problem if you eat good food. I go weeks without cooking at
         | home, and live on massive orders of Indian, Thai and Ethiopian
         | food that I keep in the fridge and dive into once a night. If
         | "eat out" means fast food or processed food, then, sure - avoid
         | it. But $50 worth of mostly vegan Indian food can last me 5
         | days. I trust the ingredients and it's more efficient than
         | cooking at home.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Impressive you've kept it up your whole life!
        
           | hourislate wrote:
           | There is no such thing as "Daily Fasting", it called Time
           | Delayed Eating not Fasting. Have you lost 100 lbs, if not you
           | are not qualified to comment on what works and what doesn't.
           | You should refrain from all future discussions on this
           | matter.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | I'm sure guys reading this have heard versions of this advice
         | 100s of times before. I'll let one of them reply if they fancy
         | it.
         | 
         | From our side: we focus on the evidence base, and does what is
         | clinically most effective & sustainable for patients.
        
       | issa wrote:
       | I am curious if this question has come up in company marketing
       | discussions. One of the most common and off-putting things about
       | the weight-loss industry is the vague medicine promise. Have you
       | considered just saying "semaglutide" instead of "a breakthrough
       | medication"? I honestly almost stopped reading because it comes
       | off as so huckster-ish to me.
        
         | midjji wrote:
         | Or medicines which have really long and strong evidence for
         | weight loss effects like amphetamines?
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | The doctors prescribe both GLP-1s & meds like Phentermine,
           | among others. I just didn't wanna list them all out!
        
           | User23 wrote:
           | Or testosterone, which isn't necessarily great for weight
           | loss, but is fabulous for body composition, which I'm sure
           | many men would be satisfied with. Weighing 200 with 18% body
           | fat is probably more attractive to many tall men than
           | weighing 160 with the same body fat. Muscle also raises basal
           | metabolic rate which is nice for fat loss.
           | 
           | TRT clinics are grossly overpriced, charging $300+ A month
           | for $5 drugs, so there is almost certainly room to disrupt
           | that market. I'd be willing to wager many obese men display
           | hypogonadism too.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | We're starting to do more research into hormone-based
             | treatments. We definitely have hesitancy as hormone
             | treatments are a bigger life decision, and telehealth
             | regulation is murky. We'll look into it more.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | I think _a lot_ about our framing and I know for sure we haven
         | 't nailed it yet.
         | 
         | It's fair to say your avg HN reader is very different to your
         | avg American. For example, you seem already somewhat clued up
         | about Semaglutide. You're likely interested in the biology
         | behind it, and probably aren't afraid to parse the journal
         | article about it.
         | 
         | I really wanna emphasize how different this is to your avg
         | American.
         | 
         | So it's more my bad for not tailoring our language enough for a
         | HN post.
        
           | notjulianjaynes wrote:
           | If your cagey about whats in your pill my gut reaction is it
           | either doesnt work or youre overcharging for it.
           | 
           | I am average American.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Not at all trying to be cagey, and also not our pill. The
             | main paper is here for more info about the most notable
             | medication:
             | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
             | 
             | Important to say this definitely isn't the only medication
             | the doctor will prescribe. That's a decision to make in
             | conjunction with the patient after a full medical history.
        
           | noduerme wrote:
           | Consider hacker mentality. You have a complex system that's
           | not functioning the way it should. Do you drill to the root
           | problem or just patch it temporarily? Weight gain is a
           | problem, and the possible environmental contaminants and
           | other causes behind society-wide weight gain are of interest
           | as a big problem to solve. Workaround hacks like producing
           | more insulin don't drill into the root cause. My first
           | impulse (and probably that of most people here) is to
           | identify what is being sold and then read what's known about
           | the biological pathways it leverages. Not that we wouldn't
           | all mind being fitter. But some argument needs to be made
           | that altering basic cellular biochemistry for up-to 15% weigh
           | loss has a risk/reward profile better than seeking root
           | causes and addressing those, which any coder worth their salt
           | would try to do first.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Noted. For reference, I've very much tried to design Fella
             | to tackle all the root causes of obesity, which vary person
             | to person: metabolic condition, stress, sleep, exercise,
             | food types & volume, and hormone imbalances.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Beyond personal causes like metabolism or diet, there've
               | been some fascinating discussions here in the past few
               | months about why technologically advanced societies seem
               | to have an exponential obesity problem starting around
               | 1980, relative to other cultures that exercise less and
               | take in more calories. I can't find the thread. But it
               | definitely bears consideration. I think the view would be
               | that hacking your way partially out of a problem isn't
               | necessarily bad, but we've seen decades of data used to
               | incorrectly imply one chain of causality or another and
               | there's a larger problem to solve than a drug or a tummy
               | tuck can tackle.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Yep more research being done on the hormone imbalance
               | side. Nascent area though.
        
           | lkrubner wrote:
           | I assume you've heard the advice that small startups should
           | start in a niche and then expand towards the wider markets?
           | Have you thought about initially focusing on Hacker News
           | types, the types who read up on the technical documentation
           | behind a drug?
           | 
           | You've probably heard the story about Head & Shoulders
           | shampoo? This is taught in a lot of marketing classes. The
           | year it launched there were other shampoos launching that
           | also included selenium disulfide and piroctone olamine and
           | therefore could have sold themselves as anti-dandruff
           | shampoo, but the other shampoos instead went after the
           | general market and they almost all failed. Head & Shoulders
           | started with a niche and eventually became a giant:
           | 
           | " _By 1982, it was the "number one brand" of shampoo, and it
           | was noted that "No one hair care brand gets so many ad
           | dollars as Head & Shoulders, a twenty year old brand, and no
           | other brand matches its sales", despite it being a
           | "medicated" shampoo._"
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_%26_Shoulders
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Hadn't heard about H&S.
             | 
             | Will give it more of a think about best early adopters.
        
               | halfmatthalfcat wrote:
               | As someone who knows nothing about Semaglutide and is an
               | HN type, I can tell you that anecdotally, marketing
               | yourself as a breakthrough medicinal weight loss solution
               | sounds very similar to packaging found on gas station
               | counters.
               | 
               | Ephedrine was also a breakthrough weight loss
               | treatment...until it wasn't...
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Helpful to know. Thank you.
        
           | smsm42 wrote:
           | I've never heard the word "Semaglutide" before this moment in
           | my life. However, to me naming the thing sounds like "people
           | that did at least some of the homework, and I could probably
           | look it up and see if it's interesting to me", and calling it
           | anonymous "breakthrough medication" sounds like yet another
           | scam that tries to suppress my rational brain and get money
           | out of me before I had time to think if it's worth it. It
           | literally does nothing to inform me or to make me think I may
           | be interested - everybody who can hire a copywriter has
           | "breakthrough something", and I certainly don't have time to
           | pay attention to dig up real information on all of them.
           | 
           | I understand that the hustle is a part of the marketing. But
           | medicine is not the area where you should lean on it. At
           | least not on it alone. If you don't give me full and
           | verifiable information about what you have, I won't be
           | interested. Too many scams around and too high risk,
           | especially with the new and yet unproven stuff.
        
       | robomartin wrote:
       | I don't know how young you are. Great story, but, sorry, no.
       | Every single weight loss program claims exactly what you claim.
       | And they all deliver pretty much exactly the same results. My
       | guess is that about 10 to 20 percent of weight loss program
       | participants achieve sustainable life-long objectives, keep the
       | weight off and change their lifestyle. The rest are in a range
       | between utter failure and yo-yo diet programs to some short term
       | success, no long term behavioral modification and ultimately, a
       | return to their prior state or worse.
       | 
       | Every single bullet point you list requires one thing that you
       | cannot control --nobody can: A personal decision to change. And
       | no pill is going to force this decision.
       | 
       | Look, maybe you are well-meaning, however, what you are looking
       | to do here is no different from the myriad weight loss
       | supplements out there. I know people who made millions peddling
       | Garcinia Cambogia, Forskolin and other weight loss supplements on
       | Amazon. I know people who swear by the stuff. I would be willing
       | to bet that, statistically speaking the results are not very
       | different from almost any other purported solution.
       | 
       | At the end of the day, the day weight loss isn't difficult at
       | all.
       | 
       | In its harshest form its as simple as eating less. Even if you
       | eat junk, if you eat less, you lose weight. Physics.
       | 
       | A more sophisticated approach is to learn and decide to eat
       | better. In both cases no exercise is required beyond normal
       | activity.
       | 
       | Even a person who is confined to bedrest --no exercise at all--
       | will lose weight if they consume less matter than their bodies
       | process into energy and excrete. My mother passed away a couple
       | of months ago. A couple of months before that she simply did not
       | want to eat very much at all. The amount of weight she lost was
       | incredible.
       | 
       | The issue with obesity is bad food, unhealthy eating habits being
       | promoted from childhood and a situation where adults almost can't
       | escape all the things that make them sick.
       | 
       | And yet, after all of that, it becomes a matter of making a
       | decision. And it is a very difficult decision to make for most.
       | To use an analogy, it takes far more effort to help someone who
       | becomes a drug addict than to guide them down the right path from
       | early childhood. That also happens to be far better for society.
       | 
       | To use a business parallel: You can build the best hotel, have
       | the greatest and most amazing rooms, serve incredible food and
       | have amazing customer service. And yet, you cannot force people
       | to take a vacation.
       | 
       | And so, all the bullet points in your argument sound fantastic.
       | If you go to Jenny Craig, or Weight Watchers, they pretty much
       | claim exactly the same things. And their road to success is paved
       | with the sorry bodies of the millions of people who thought they
       | found magic, only to end-up exactly where they started --or
       | worse.
       | 
       | The right solution isn't a pill. Its investing time, money and
       | effort to change what we are doing about food and how we are
       | destroying our kids health by not acting with their best interest
       | in mind.
       | 
       | That said, congratulations. With YC's backing there's probably no
       | doubt your startup will have a unicorn-scale exit. If there's one
       | market segment were the same story can be used again and again to
       | make billions it is the weight loss industry. So, again,
       | congrats. Brilliant move.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please stop posting these rants. Hounding someone like this
         | after you already personally attacked them is crossing into
         | harassment. I already asked you to stop once, and you've
         | responded by doing more of it, not once but twice. Seriously
         | not cool.
         | 
         | We detached this comment from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28258175.
        
           | robomartin wrote:
           | I understand. You need to protect a YC-funded startup from
           | criticism. No problem. I get it. Money is more important.
           | 
           | Just go ahead and delete everything I have written on this
           | thread. That will be the easiest path.
           | 
           | Lesson learned, don't be critical of YC companies.
           | 
           | Got it.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | People criticize YC-funded startups all the time on HN.
             | Just look at the beating these guys took yesterday:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28247379.
             | 
             | We go out of our way to moderate threads _less_ when a YC
             | startup is involved (https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&
             | page=0&prefix=false&qu...), but your behavior in this
             | thread has been so egregious that I don't have a choice.
             | "Less" doesn't mean "zero".
        
               | robomartin wrote:
               | > your behavior in this thread has been so egregious that
               | I don't have a choice
               | 
               | From the FDA notice on the approval of this drug:
               | 
               | "The most common side effects of Wegovy include nausea,
               | diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal (stomach)
               | pain, headache, fatigue, dyspepsia (indigestion),
               | dizziness, abdominal distension, eructation (belching),
               | hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in patients with type 2
               | diabetes, flatulence (gas buildup), gastroenteritis (an
               | intestinal infection) and gastroesophageal reflux disease
               | (a type of digestive disorder).
               | 
               | The prescribing information for Wegovy contains a boxed
               | warning to inform healthcare professionals and patients
               | about the potential risk of THYROID C-CELL TUMORS. Wegovy
               | should not be used in patients with a personal or family
               | history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or in patients
               | with a rare condition called Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
               | syndrome type 2 (MEN 2).
               | 
               | Wegovy should not be used in patients with a history of
               | severe allergic reactions to semaglutide or any of the
               | other components of Wegovy. Patients should stop Wegovy
               | immediately and seek medical help if a severe allergic
               | reaction is suspected. Wegovy also contains warnings for
               | inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), gallbladder
               | problems (including gallstones), low blood sugar, acute
               | kidney injury, diabetic retinopathy (damage to the eye's
               | retina), increased heart rate and suicidal behavior or
               | thinking. Patients should discuss with their healthcare
               | professional if they have symptoms of pancreatitis or
               | gallstones. If Wegovy is used with insulin or a substance
               | that causes insulin secretion, patients should speak to
               | their health care provider about potentially lowering the
               | dose of insulin or the insulin-inducing drug to reduce
               | the risk of low blood sugar. Healthcare providers should
               | monitor patients with kidney disease, diabetic
               | retinopathy and depression or suicidal behaviors or
               | thoughts."
               | 
               | It is interesting what we choose to label as egregious.
               | My first reaction was very raw: I could not believe YC
               | though it OK to effectively become drug pushers. You are
               | funding a startup that will expose people to all of the
               | above, and then some.
               | 
               | Here's the key message: See that list? Well, that list
               | goes away. Completely. If we push for better food rather
               | than popping pills. Gone.
               | 
               | You are entitled to moderate HN as you wish, of course.
               | This does not alter the obscenity that is the idea of
               | looking for a billion dollar exit by preying on desperate
               | people by pushing drugs. At the end of the day, that's
               | what all weight loss programs do.
               | 
               | From a Harvard article on weight loss drugs:
               | 
               | "You may remember some disturbing reports about previous
               | weight-loss medications. Dexfenfluramine and fenfluramine
               | were taken off the market after they were linked to heart
               | valve damage. Sibutramine (Meridia) was removed after it
               | was linked to heart attack and stroke in people at
               | highest risk for them.
               | 
               | The options on the market today come with their own
               | cautions. The ingredient phentermine--a component of
               | Adipex-P, Ionamin, and Qsymia--isn't usually recommended
               | for people who have high blood pressure or other heart
               | conditions. Topiramate, another component of Qsymia, has
               | been linked to an increased risk of birth defects, so
               | women who take it should take special precautions not to
               | get pregnant."
               | 
               | A lot of people don't remember what some of these
               | approved drugs did to people, perhaps because they are
               | too young...they don't even know the history.
               | 
               | What does FDA approved actually mean?
               | 
               | Have a good weekend. Going for a walk.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | You clearly care a lot. I respect that.
         | 
         | My prompt for you: do you care about the people suffering, or
         | do you care more about moral posturing & fist shaking?
         | 
         | If you care about the people suffering, drop me an email on
         | richie@joinfella.com and I will help you however I can to
         | empower you to tackle whatever you see as the root cause.
        
       | mattmorley wrote:
       | Congratulations on the launch fella team!
       | 
       | What would you say the biggest learning is you've had since
       | starting this journey?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Thanks Matt!
         | 
         | Few things:
         | 
         | 1. As we said in the post, men represent only ~10% of those
         | using weight management services in the US, despite
         | representing ~50% of those with obesity. Pretty fascinating to
         | reflect on the reasons why.
         | 
         | 2. There are only ~5000 board-certified obesity doctors in the
         | US, roughly one for every 70000 Americans.
         | 
         | 3. Binge Eating Disorder is the most common eating disorder,
         | and has above 20% clinical prevalence in those above 40 BMI.
         | 
         | Maybe most importantly: the bias towards willpower and the
         | stigma against medical treatment for obesity (medication or
         | surgery) is very real, _especially_ among family doctors. This
         | will change over the coming decade, but it 's deeply routed.
        
       | throwaway330935 wrote:
       | I'm currently working on losing weight and having a fair bit of
       | success, largely because my wife is also extremely serious about
       | it now. I'm basically feeding off her success, and supporting her
       | is making it easier for me to make changes in my diet.
       | 
       | Over the last 2 months she's lost almost 30lbs, and I'm at over
       | 20. Largely this has been serious changes in diet: Little to no
       | carbs, basically a lot of grilled veggies, Soylent, protein
       | drinks, yogurts, fruits... A little more exercise.
       | 
       | Really, the trick has been: She got a sleeve surgery a week ago,
       | and for around 6 weeks before that she was basically on the
       | reverse after-surgery diet to get used to it. And I've been kind
       | of following her diet, though she encourages some tweaks to make
       | sure I'm getting what I need. And this week when she's been just
       | having a cup of broth a day, I've not been anywhere near that.
       | 
       | Short story long, She's on this path enforced by surgery. I want
       | to support her, but I also want to use her journey to help me
       | with my own. I'm fairly healthy, but want to make some activities
       | easier, and I've been having some arthritis in my hips that make
       | me want to ease their burden.
       | 
       | Fella sounds interesting as a way of further supporting my
       | journey. Sounds like it's not available outside of TX, which I
       | assume is related to "board certified". Also a little hard to
       | tell what the final cost is going to be, $450/quarter plus
       | whatever the drug is? I saw one of the other similar drugs on
       | goodrx at $1K (a month? a quarter? Not sure), but looks like my
       | insurance might cover it to the tune of ~$100. Boy, sure hope
       | there's no tie to pancreatic cancer though. :-)
       | 
       | On the one hand, extra support might be nice. On the other hand,
       | we've been going for 2 months and I'm about 20% of the way to my
       | goal, and it hasn't been so hard, but I could also see it getting
       | harder. I've previously lost almost double what I've lost so far,
       | and then plateaued and gained it back over ~5 years. But now I
       | have my wife going through it as well, so maybe it'll be
       | different? Or maybe not...
       | 
       | At $250/mo for the program and drugs, it seems worth trying, but
       | doesn't sound like it's even an option outside of Texas.
       | Thoughts?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Okay all important context, thanks for this. Which state are
         | you in?
         | 
         | If you drop me an email on richie@joinfella.com, we'll talk it
         | through
        
       | wxnx wrote:
       | This is really interesting as someone who works as part of a
       | group who takes products similar to this to market! Thank you for
       | sharing.
       | 
       | You mentioned the medication is as effective in women as it is in
       | men. While I understand men are underserved in this space and so
       | I respect the decision to focus on that population on that basis,
       | I'm curious if there are business elements to that decision as
       | well? Would you ever expand to serving women, given that they
       | seem to be a larger potential customer pool?
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Sweet what's the group you're part of? Sounds interesting.
         | 
         | It's obviously a great question about the focus on men, and
         | something we think a lot about.
         | 
         | My take: the whole industry is focused on women, and there are
         | already cool companies taking a medication approach with
         | branding clearly focused on women:
         | https://www.joincalibrate.com/, https://joinfound.com/,
         | https://www.formhealth.co/
         | 
         | I'm a fan of what these folks are doing. But you speak to any
         | Fellas (our name for our customers!) and they _know_ those
         | programs aren 't aimed at them. Every week we hear something
         | like "I'm fed up of being the only guy in the group".
         | 
         | From a business side, the bet we're taking is that if we manage
         | to crack the messaging/framing/branding for the male audience,
         | that's a great business. Plus how men think about their health
         | is drastically changing as concepts of masculinity change, so
         | the potential customer pool is growing rapidly.
         | 
         | In terms of future expansion: we don't know yet. At least not
         | for the coming few years - there are a lot of bigger guys out
         | there we want to help (35 million men have obesity)!
        
           | wxnx wrote:
           | Thanks very much for answering!
           | 
           | Sorry, if I'd had the foresight to use a throwaway I'd drop a
           | link to our group, but I prefer not to publicly associate my
           | HN account with work. We're a small team of software and data
           | engineers, machine learning scientists, and health policy
           | folks at a large research institution in Canada that take on
           | clients to work on stuff like this (from early stage research
           | to approvals to deployment). I'd be happy to reach out with
           | my contact info privately if you're interested, just let me
           | know.
           | 
           | That makes sense! I wondered if it had something to do with
           | the group component, and I agree that the customer pool is
           | growing.
           | 
           | Congratulations on the launch!
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Sounds really interesting. Would love to hear from you: my
             | email is richie@joinfella.com
        
       | sandbags wrote:
       | I tried going through your sign up process to see if I could just
       | get notified if you start in the U.K. but it seems you assume
       | anyone coming to the site is in the US. I for one would welcome
       | something like this.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | British founder here so I'm genuinely sorry about this! Thought
         | I'd fixed it the day before we launched on HN. Our infra will
         | be updated by end of this week.
         | 
         | If you'd like to be on our waitlist, just drop me a quick email
         | on richie@joinfella.com and I'll make sure you're in our
         | system.
        
       | paulocal wrote:
       | How is the drug different than victoza or any of the other weight
       | management drugs that are currently under investigation for
       | causing pancreatic cancer?
        
         | lharries wrote:
         | (Richie's co-founder here)
         | 
         | Victoza is the brand name for Liraglutide. The drug we are
         | primarily interested in is Semaglutide. Both Semaglutide and
         | Liraglutide are GLP-1 receptor agonists.
         | 
         | It's worth doing your own research and consulting a doctor but
         | the experts I've spoken to (academics and clinicians) along
         | with the studies state that: "GLP-1 analogues did not increase
         | the risk for pancreatic cancer when compared to other
         | treatments" (from a Nature Scientific Reports meta-analysis
         | paper published in 2019) [1].
         | 
         | Here is the postmarket FDA safety information on Victoza if you
         | are interested: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-
         | safety-information...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-38956-2
        
           | paulocal wrote:
           | I get how when compared to other treatments for diabetes it
           | may not increase your risk but when we are comparing with
           | other treatments for weight management or just no treatment
           | at all, I find it hard to believe that it doesn't
           | significantly increase the risk for pancan. I understand it's
           | FDA approved but so have been all other drugs in its class
           | that are allegedly linked to pancreatic cancer.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | We're definitely watching this closely.
             | 
             | It's worth noting that, as with any medication, there is a
             | cost-benefit trade-off. In this case it will depend on
             | someone's current weight, what they've tried in the past,
             | and the risks of other conditions e.g. heart disease,
             | diabetes, and their past medical history. Each person that
             | joins Fella has an in-depth discussion about this with an
             | independent obesity physician and is welcome to speak it
             | through with their own PCP too.
        
       | robomartin wrote:
       | I am sorry, but this is nothing less than an abomination. Drugs,
       | drugs, drugs. More drugs. Let's drug everyone. Let's have
       | everyone popping pills for everything. Why not. And make
       | millions, billions, while we are at it.
       | 
       | And your sob story? Do you think you are the only person in the
       | world who has had to deal with stress? This is ridiculous. How
       | about this for stress: My grandparents were genocide survivors.
       | They saw portions of their family killed in the most horrific
       | ways. And they somehow managed that and moved on. Me, personally,
       | I've had one pretty horrific business failure that drove me to
       | the edge of understanding why people take their own lives after
       | ending-up in the hospital twice due to stress.
       | 
       | WE DO NOT NEED PILLS!
       | 
       | Yes, I am yelling.
       | 
       | We need action on better food quality and education. People are
       | filling themselves up with nothing but crap. Ketogenic diets and
       | balanced living work, 100% of the the time. Exercise and activity
       | is the magic "pill" that manages stress.
       | 
       | Frankly, I am astounded that YC would fund and support something
       | like this. I don't care about your credentials and sob story.
       | This is an abomination. Yes, you are likely to make billions.
       | Congratulations. You are not going to fix a damn thing. All you
       | are going to accomplish is to get millions of people hooked on
       | yet another "once daily" legal drug of some sort.
       | 
       | If you truly cared about helping people you would work towards
       | fixing what's actually wrong rather than getting millions of
       | people to pop pills.
       | 
       | What when they stop? Huh?
       | 
       | They will have developed no good habits at all. They will not
       | have a clue as to how to manage stress. They sure as fuck are not
       | going to understand that exercise is important and necessary.
       | They are not going to become discerning about what they eat. And
       | our industrialized toxic food industry isn't going to change a
       | thing. They will pop your pills as they suck-in a two liter drink
       | with insane amounts of sugar and inhale cheap carbohydrates in
       | their burritos, burgers, pizza, etc.
       | 
       | Weight management isn't at all about eating less. It's about not
       | eating food that actively want to slowly kill you and, yes,
       | engaging in a modicum of exercise in order to deal with insulin
       | resistance, keep bones strong, etc.
       | 
       | I've had my own battles with this. Lots of people do. Until I
       | finally listened to my wife (an MD). So I proposed an experiment:
       | I would do no exercise at all other than taking walks with her a
       | few evenings per week. She was pushing me to take-up a low carb
       | ketogenic-style diet. As an engineer, I wanted to isolate
       | exercise from a change in eating habits. That's what we did. And
       | the results were hard to ignore. It was slow going, but the fat
       | just came off --without having to run a marathon every day to
       | burn extra calories. I eat as much as I want. No restrictions
       | other than "don't eat garbage/sugars/simple carbs, etc.". After
       | dropping two pant sizes and feeling "normal" again I can now go
       | for the finishing touch and add exercise to this in the form of
       | strength training.
       | 
       | The most important outcome was to reeducate myself about what and
       | how I should be eating. That's it. It's as simple as that. No
       | drug is going to do that. Ever. Unless the intent is to hook
       | people for their $149 per month in perpetuity.
       | 
       | Sorry, to take such an aggressive tone. This is, to use the term,
       | deplorable. Shame on you. Invest the money educating people on
       | how NOT to use a drug to improve their lives. Pills isn't a long
       | term sustainable solution. You are bound to ruin more lives than
       | you save. And you are not going to do anything about improving
       | the quality of the food that our population consumes.
       | 
       | Think of kids. Their food choices --particularly in the case of
       | lower education parents-- boil down to choices between different
       | kinds of toxic garbage. By the time they leave high school they
       | have already imprinted horrible habits and done damage to their
       | bodies. And now you show up and say "Take this pill...we will
       | save you". Sick.
        
         | someguydave wrote:
         | you could make the same argument about any modern technology
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | It is interesting how divisive conversations around weight
           | can be. For a lot of people, it represents a broader theme of
           | we view individualism & morality.
        
             | someguydave wrote:
             | Yes. My understanding is that body weight is more than 60%
             | genetically determined, but somehow it is the moral worth
             | of the phenotype that is to blame.
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | Congrats on having a relatively easy time losing weight, but
         | you're not the only person in the world, and not everyone's
         | body works the same as yours. Your scolding of a clinically
         | proven weight loss approach for not being what you did is
         | solipsistic and ignorant. Your approach is, like the others,
         | one among many that will work for some people.
        
           | beebeepka wrote:
           | You have a point but there is one common thing shared between
           | every obese person. They eat too much, or the wrong things.
           | That's a given and a simple fact that everyone knows but not
           | everyone is willing to acknowledge.
           | 
           | Sure, there are medical conditions that sometimes play a
           | role. But how often is that the case? I actually don't know.
           | Maybe your company could help with that?
           | 
           | Good luck. There's obviously a market for your services.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | "calories in" (too much or wrong things) is for sure
             | important - but focusing solely on this when we're looking
             | for practical solutions is not the most helpful framework
             | for people who are fighting obesity.
        
           | robomartin wrote:
           | > Your scolding of a clinically proven weight loss approach
           | for not being what you did is solipsistic and ignorant.
           | 
           | Far from ignorant. It is an absolute fact --thermodynamics--
           | that no human being needs a pill to lose weight. So, stop
           | with the holier-than-thou come-back and think.
           | 
           | This is no different from selling crap weight loss
           | supplements to people. Why? Because they do not need that
           | either. The fact that something is clinically proven means
           | nothing. Why? Because people don't need it.
           | 
           | > Your approach is, like the others, one among many that will
           | work for some people.
           | 
           | It isn't my approach. I only had to lose about 30 lbs. I
           | could have done that going back to strength training, which
           | was I was into before the pandemic hit. I decided to see if
           | there was any merit to what my wife, the MD, was telling me.
           | 
           | Major "duh" moment: Of course it had merit! And of course it
           | can work for absolutely everyone!
           | 
           | And, guess what, it does not cost $150 per month. No pills
           | necessary.
           | 
           | The problem with obesity, particularly in the US, is
           | systemic. Our food is unmitigated garbage and we train our
           | kids to eat and crave this garbage from early childhood
           | times. By the time they become young adults they are well on
           | their way to a life of dealing with weight problems and a
           | straight line into diabetes and other ailments.
           | 
           | You can't fix inflammation from food with pills, unless you
           | want to be popping them for the rest of your life and end-up
           | with other problems because of it.
           | 
           | This is going to sound weird: I am always astounded by how
           | much I have learned by raising and training GSD's (German
           | Shepherd Dogs). Stay with me for a second.
           | 
           | One of our GSD's developed a very serious problem a number of
           | years ago. His skin smelled horrible and he lost all hear
           | from his chest and belly. His coat looked dull, almost dead.
           | 
           | Not knowing what was going on I sought advice from our vet.
           | He suggested I take him to a veterinary dermatologist. $2,500
           | and bunch of shots and pills later, we went home with a plan.
           | Pop pills every day. Get this magical shot once a month.
           | 
           | Sure enough, in about four weeks his coat was nice and shinny
           | again, his skin didn't smell and hair started to come back to
           | his chest.
           | 
           | Back we went for another shot and more pills. This was
           | running about $600 per month. The dermatologist said he'd
           | have to be on this program for the rest of his life. Wow.
           | 
           | I decided to reach out to a number of GSD groups and
           | breeders. A theme emerged from these conversations very
           | quickly: Change his food. He is having allergic reaction to
           | his food. Stop the nonsense the dermatologist is selling you.
           | 
           | So, I did. I figured I could try for a couple months and, if
           | nothing changed, go back to the treatment.
           | 
           | We went with a high quality food with twice the protein
           | content and far less junk carbs, etc.
           | 
           | Less than a month later this dog was in what I might describe
           | as the best shape of his life. He looked great, was happy,
           | didn't have smelly skin, his coat grew back on this chest and
           | belly and was pretty much the picture of a healthy dog. This
           | was many years ago. He has been on this better-food diet
           | every since and looks and feels wonderful.
           | 
           | We have lost sense of just how important good food is for our
           | bodies and minds. We accept that the garbage we buy at the
           | market and restaurants is normal. Well, it isn't. This is the
           | problem. The vet dermatologist was administering a government
           | approved drug to my dog. It worked. And yet that was not
           | really the solution, because it did not address the
           | underlying problem. And that's the issue I have this startup.
           | It isn't a solution. At all. Nobody needs this to lose
           | weight.
        
             | civilized wrote:
             | Me: Your personal experiences aren't sufficient basis to
             | say what is right for everyone on the planet.
             | 
             | You: Nonsense, and to prove it, here's another long
             | personal anecdote.
        
               | robomartin wrote:
               | Oh, please. Personal experiences are just useful
               | examples, anecdotes, illustrations. They do not describe
               | the universe.
               | 
               | The obesity epidemic in this nation isn't caused by
               | people are eating good food and exercising. It is caused
               | by the kinds of things my examples illustrate. And yes,
               | in this case, there happens to be a single basic truth:
               | People are eating too much and too much crap.
               | 
               | You might want to poke fun at what I am saying, come back
               | with contemptuous responses, kill me with downvotes and
               | flagging. And yet, the obesity epidemic has rendered
               | every single weight loss program, drug or magical juju
               | bean "solution", ineffective, even harmful. I wonder how
               | many people have been hurt badly by horrendous weight
               | loss/gain cycles as a direct result of these "solutions"?
               | 
               | Our problem is not solved with drugs, supplements and
               | magical programs.
               | 
               | Our obesity problem is a far deeper issue that requires
               | intervention into our industrialized food system as well
               | as a rethink of our educational choices.
               | 
               | What's really interesting to me is that in this entire
               | incident NOT ONE PERSON has countered my claim that the
               | real problem is bad food and bad habits. That's
               | interesting.
               | 
               | Also, not one person has said something like "No, you are
               | wrong, thermodynamics doesn't work that way...you can eat
               | four times the carb/sugar-laden food you should eat on a
               | daily basis, sit in front of the TV and still maintain
               | good health".
               | 
               | No, all the negative reaction is pretty much about being
               | offended for my strong reaction to yet another easy
               | weight loss scheme that, based on recorded weight loss
               | industry history is going to be no different from
               | everything else we have seen. Only this time it is YC
               | backed, so, I guess that's OK.
               | 
               | In engineering we are trained (or should be trained) to
               | perform real --not imaginary-- root cause analysis in
               | order to understand how to solve a problem. When you do
               | that with regards to obesity, absolutely everything
               | points to bad food, bad choices, bad personal habits and
               | bad education. That's it. This is the root cause package,
               | if you will. And none of this is fixed with a pill.
               | Temporarily, maybe. Long term? No way.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | You clearly care a lot. I respect that.
             | 
             | My prompt for you: do you care about the people suffering,
             | or do you care more about moral posturing & fist shaking?
             | 
             | If you care about the people suffering, drop me an email on
             | richie@joinfella.com and I will help you however I can to
             | empower you to tackle whatever you see as the root cause.
        
           | throwawayboise wrote:
           | GPs approach will work for almost all people, if they
           | actually do it.
        
             | luckylion wrote:
             | I've lost plenty of weight with intermittent fasting. It
             | totally works. My sleep schedule went crazy, no matter what
             | I did. My ability to focus was completely lost, as if I was
             | constantly overdosing on coffee.
             | 
             | Yes, it works, and maybe it works easy & side-effect free
             | for some, but tbh I'd rather be overweight and die 10 years
             | earlier, than live like that.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Important to hear this.
               | 
               | An important takeaway from all this is that people react
               | very differently to similar regimes, and projecting our
               | own (successful) experience of a regime onto someone else
               | is likely to not represent their experience.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | The sustainability of approaches is what we hear most from
             | the Fellas. Most diets work in the short run but aren't
             | sustainable long-term, especially when you're already
             | battling against your metabolism.
        
             | civilized wrote:
             | [citation needed]
        
               | robomartin wrote:
               | How about this for citation:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_law_of_thermodynamics
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Eloquently written.
        
         | rose_cook wrote:
         | > "They sure as fuck are not going to understand that exercise
         | is important and necessary. They are not going to become
         | discerning about what they eat. They will...inhale cheap
         | carbohydrates in their burritos, burgers, pizza, etc"
         | 
         | Who are you referring to with these wide-sweeping, derogatory
         | stereotypes, who are "they"? I genuinely find it shocking that
         | you find it appropriate to group together the millions of
         | people who struggle with obesity for various and legitimate
         | reasons as "they".
         | 
         | Maybe also think about your privilege as an "engineer" with a
         | wife who is a doctor before offering these unneeded criticisms
         | on "lower educated parents".
         | 
         | It's narratives like those in this post which alienate people
         | who are already struggling, and paint obesity as a moral
         | failing. You are the one with a moral failing right now.
         | 
         | So I guess I'm yelling too..
         | 
         | WE DO NOT NEED TO DEMONIZE AND DEHUMANIZE MILLIONS OF PEOPLE
         | BASED ON THEIR SOCIOECONOMIC BACKGROUND, EDUCATION OR HEALTH.
        
         | TeeMassive wrote:
         | >WE DO NOT NEED PILLS!
         | 
         | >Yes, I am yelling.
         | 
         | If pills work then what's the problem? It seems to me that
         | you're making an appeal to nature
         | (https://yourlogicalfallacyis.com/appeal-to-nature). Given all
         | the health problems associated with obesity from cancer to
         | cardiovascular problems then whatever side effects the pills
         | have are probably negligible in comparison.
         | 
         | > Weight management isn't at all about eating less. It's about
         | not eating food that actively want to slowly kill you and, yes,
         | engaging in a modicum of exercise in order to deal with insulin
         | resistance, keep bones strong, etc.
         | 
         | Yes nutrition and exercise are important, but even if it's
         | common knowledge it's obviously working like abstinence based
         | sexual education is working to prevent STDs and teenage
         | pregnancy because like we have a natural urge to sex we also
         | have a natural urge to eat calories and while saving energy.
         | 
         | > "Take this pill...we will save you". Sick.
         | 
         | A lot of pills are necessary to prolong and maintain quality of
         | life. What's "sick" about this?
        
           | stef25 wrote:
           | Assuming obesity is largely due to mental issues like stress
           | eating, the solution should also be a mental one. It's
           | basically an addition. Most people are perfectly capable of
           | quitting but don't because it's easier not to.
           | 
           | This includes myself. I recently put on a bit of weight and I
           | know exactly why: second servings, having a few beers,
           | difficulties sticking to a diet with kids and dietary
           | allergies in the house, no time or too lazy for exercise.
           | It's all on me.
           | 
           | Something that can be fixed by just putting your mind to it
           | shouldn't have to be treated with pills.
           | 
           | For some people it will probably be the hardest thing they
           | ever do - I'm not downplaying this. So, for people who don't
           | have the willpower pills is probably the best solution.
        
             | foolinaround wrote:
             | > for people who don't have the willpower pills is probably
             | the best solution.
             | 
             | Even for those, should'nt the solution be a stronger detox,
             | intervention, stricter regimen to have external help in
             | supplementing their willpower, etc?
             | 
             | Should'nt this be preferred over pills?
        
             | TeeMassive wrote:
             | > Assuming obesity is largely due to mental issues
             | 
             | Obesity increased with the increase of meal size, average
             | caloric intake and urbanization based around cars.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Correct that there are a host of causes, certainly not
               | simple.
        
               | TeeMassive wrote:
               | It is simple. Calorie intake increased while calories
               | spent decreased; creating energy surplus which is then
               | stored in fat. The causal relationship between obesity
               | and mental health is also not clear.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Thanks for sharing man.
             | 
             | Important to emphasize there is a large variety of causes:
             | stress eating is certainly a big part for a lot of people,
             | but it's far from universal & far from the whole story.
             | 
             | "Something that can be fixed by just putting your mind to
             | it shouldn't have to be treated with pills" is I think an
             | interesting statement. I'm unconvinced "putting your mind
             | to it" is as simple as it's made out to be.
        
               | AussieWog93 wrote:
               | >I'm unconvinced "putting your mind to it" is as simple
               | as it's made out to be.
               | 
               | Back when I was in university, I decided to simply "put
               | my mind to it" and went from 100kg->65kg in one year.
               | That weight stayed off for the better part of half a
               | decade.
               | 
               | "Simply" doing the same thing now, though, with all of
               | the competing priorities I have (young child, growing
               | business, burned out wife and a constantly shifting set
               | of rules and uncertainty with the pandemic), is a
               | different story. I think men especially are hesitant to
               | come to terms with this because it means admitting
               | weakness.
               | 
               | Thanks for creating this product, Rich. I really wish you
               | success.
        
               | rich-cartwright wrote:
               | Thank you, really appreciate it.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | Interesting references.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | It's important you've written this. We need to have frank
         | conversations about obesity. It affects a lot of people and a
         | lot of people have very strong views on the best solution.
         | 
         | I'll focus on one area of your post: "They will have developed
         | no good habits at all. They will not have a clue as to how to
         | manage stress. They sure as fuck are not going to understand
         | that exercise is important and necessary. They are not going to
         | become discerning about what they eat...They will pop your
         | pills as they suck-in a two liter drink with insane amounts of
         | sugar and inhale cheap carbohydrates in their burritos,
         | burgers, pizza, etc."
         | 
         | I want to emphasize how wrong you are here.
         | 
         | Fella is a 12-month program, with continued support for the
         | rest of your life after that first year. The program is focused
         | on:
         | 
         | - building resilience to stress & other testing emotions
         | 
         | - building a sustainable exercise habit which is enjoyable and
         | sustainable
         | 
         | - building healthier eating habits which are realistic &
         | sustainable
         | 
         | - building sleep habits which help improve metabolic health
         | 
         | In terms of the medication, it's really important to listen to
         | obesity specialists here. They are trying to find practical
         | solutions to help people. It's clear that moral indignation
         | isn't working so far.
         | 
         | These are all legitimate concerns you raise. Know that I have
         | researched this deeply, and genuinely believe this is the best
         | practical solution to help the most amount of people.
         | 
         | Please let me know your thoughts.
        
           | djrogers wrote:
           | > It's clear that moral indignation isn't working so far.
           | 
           | This is my favorite HN line in ages, kudos!
           | 
           | PS - in California and signed up for the wait list.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | Glad to have you!
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Of course obesity is an emotional topic but attacking someone
         | personally about it is way, way beyond the pale.
         | 
         | Breaking the HN guidelines will get you banned here, regardless
         | of how right you are, or feel you are, about obesity and other
         | topics. No more of this, please.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
           | robomartin wrote:
           | Funding a company to effectively hook people on pills by
           | taking advantage of their vulnerability, mental state and
           | frustration is nothing less than profane. It's one thing to
           | turn people into ad-clicking drones, quite another to hook
           | them on drugs when they do not need them.
           | 
           | You might object to my lashing out. Well, sometimes it is
           | important to take a strong stance. And, yes, sometimes those
           | promoting magical solutions are culpable and should be
           | scolded.
           | 
           | Am I wrong? I do not think so. Nobody needs pills to lose
           | weight. Nobody. That is a matter of both biology and physics.
           | I'll defy anyone to prove otherwise. Have we become insane?
           | 
           | The problem is that we have industrialized bad food choices
           | and have created a marketplace where it is actually difficult
           | to escape stuff that is bad for you.
           | 
           | Just last night we were at a restaurant. A few tables over
           | was a family where every single member, kids included, were
           | twice the size of a normal and healthy person. Their table
           | was full of all of the wrong choices. And, on top of that,
           | large free-refill glasses of soft drinks. At the end of their
           | meal they all had cake and ice cream. Wow.
           | 
           | My youngest kids just started in-person high school again.
           | The school has free food for every student. Its absolute
           | garbage. The word "junk" doesn't even begin to cover it. The
           | healthiest thing they have is apple juice, with nearly 40
           | grams of sugar per serving. My kids pack a lunch, just a
           | simple sandwich them make themselves every morning. Not very
           | expensive at all. Not hard to make. We don't make them, the
           | kids do and have been doing so for years. They also drink
           | water. We have no soft drinks at home. The kids grew up
           | drinking water and have no cravings whatsoever for soft
           | drinks, candy, ice cream, etc. Sure, we occasionally have the
           | stuff at parties, but that's the exception rather than the
           | rule. And, no, they are not deprived. They simply do not care
           | for the stuff because they did not become addicted to any of
           | it as they grew up.
           | 
           | Every family relying on the State/City/County/School district
           | to feed their kids is, in return, having their kids poisoned.
           | Worse yet, their kids are being programmed to become addicted
           | to food that is absolutely horrible for them. When they come
           | out of school they are well on their way to diabetes and
           | other problems.
           | 
           | Pills?
           | 
           | Please.
           | 
           | Our kids are coming into adulthood biologically programmed
           | for high levels of sugar and carbohydrate consumption. It's
           | all they eat since they are done with breast feeding. No pill
           | is going to fix that level of programming.
           | 
           | People who reach high levels of obesity are susceptible to
           | the kinds of things that are going to cause them to spend
           | money popping all kinds of pills every day. They are
           | suffering, lots of them are depressed and our government and
           | regulatory agencies have failed them --which is part of the
           | reason they got there.
           | 
           | We don't need pills. The problem is systemic. Fund startups
           | who will deal with this and not ones that are no different
           | from any other yo-yo diet program by any other name.
           | 
           | Does anyone really think someone is going to change life-long
           | habits after popping pills for a year? What is far more
           | likely to happen is that they will become dependent on said
           | pills, which is great for a revenue stream and a billion
           | dollar exit to a pharmaceutical giant, not so great for the
           | individual.
           | 
           | What is beyond the pale here isn't my choice of language or
           | intensity, it's the ultimate significance of what this
           | startup represents. No different from the abomination that
           | bariatric surgery is. Great business. Horrible for the
           | individual. I know two people who nearly died after having
           | it.
           | 
           | Who am I kidding. There's money in suffering. I'll bet it
           | will be a fantastic IPO one day. Maybe you should start
           | marketing outside schools. Just like smoking, that's your
           | future user base. Congratulations.
        
             | rich-cartwright wrote:
             | You clearly care a lot. I respect that.
             | 
             | My prompt for you: do you care about the people suffering,
             | or do you care more about moral posturing & fist shaking?
             | 
             | If you care about the people suffering, drop me an email on
             | richie@joinfella.com and I will help you however I can to
             | empower you to tackle whatever you see as the root cause.
        
         | symlinkk wrote:
         | Very well written and I find it hard to disagree.
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | If you had a bigger family member who had tried everything,
           | what would you recommend to them?
        
             | robomartin wrote:
             | What is far more likely is that they didn't actually try
             | everything. This is one of the problems. If you had an
             | accurate log of their behavior and nutrition it would
             | likely be very easy to determine that they did not, in
             | fact, do what they were supposed to do, sometimes at all.
             | 
             | I've seen this so many times I don't even bother to comment
             | any more. The typical case is the person who will, for
             | example, claim to have started a ketogenic diet and next
             | time you see them they ingest three slices of pizza. What's
             | amazing to me is that they actually think they are doing
             | everything they are supposed to do.
             | 
             | > what would you recommend to them?
             | 
             | I would put it in a very different way using a hypothetical
             | case.
             | 
             | Let's assume that a person has 90 days to loose a bunch of
             | weight or they are going to die. Not muscle, fat. In other
             | words, improve their body composition to trim both visceral
             | and other fat.
             | 
             | What would I recommend they do?
             | 
             | Take a pill? Nope.
             | 
             | I would make sure they could not eat as much as they have
             | been eating and would add moderate exercise. We could argue
             | about what they should and should not be eating, but even
             | if all you eat is ice cream and candy, if I put you on a
             | 100 calorie daily diet of ice cream for 90 days straight,
             | you are going to lose weight at an alarming rate.
             | 
             | Not that I am proposing this at all. It would not be
             | healthy. A balanced diet is important for a range or
             | reasons having nothing to do with weight loss. The point is
             | that people who claim to have tried everything are lying to
             | themselves, they have not, because, at the end of the day,
             | if you eat less (a little to a lot less, depending on
             | circumstances) you will lose weight.
             | 
             | It really isn't that complicated. It isn't easy because of
             | a range of factors, including what ingesting so much sugar
             | and simple carbs does to your body and brain, but it isn't
             | complicated.
        
       | vcg3rd wrote:
       | You apparently don't let people sign-up who are willing to pay
       | out of pocket. Shame.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | This is probably a bug in our infra! We're on it now to fix. If
         | you email richie@joinfella.com I'll sort you.
        
         | lharries wrote:
         | It should be possible -- select "Uninsured" when you try and
         | sign up (although I realize now that we can make that clearer).
         | Email me at luke@joinfella.com if you have any issues
        
           | rich-cartwright wrote:
           | haha Luke beat me to it
        
       | mitchellst wrote:
       | Wow. This is really interesting and important. I'm not your
       | target customer and don't know a ton about health tech, so I'm
       | not sure I can help you, but I wish I could. thank you for taking
       | this on. Someone should. Sometimes the science and medicine is
       | there but branding, marketing, and positioning in a bigger value
       | prop aren't things that doctors and hospitals are prepared to
       | handle at scale. So, this is cool.
       | 
       | I do know one thing about your space, from pure happenstance. I
       | live in Texas and my wife is a fourth-year medical student here.
       | One of her profs is a bariatric surgeon and she spent time in his
       | clinic. One of the interesting things she learned was the
       | correlation between weight loss for one adult and weight loss of
       | a household. I don't remember the exact stats, but this doc would
       | have whole families weigh in at his clinic, before and after. The
       | results were astounding. The person who got the surgery would
       | often lose only the plurality of the weight, and sometimes not
       | even that. It's something to consider messaging around as you
       | target men and try to get through the stigma to persuade them to
       | seek treatment. You are doing something good for your family;
       | this is about more than just you. Texan men in particular are
       | likely to hold more traditional values about being the head of
       | their household, however unfashionable that may be. Help these
       | fellas-- and help their families.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Thanks man. Just so I've fully understood here:
         | 
         | > "The person who got the surgery would often lose only the
         | plurality of the weight, and sometimes not even that."
         | 
         | By this you're meaning the whole family lost weight after one
         | individual had bariatric surgery?
        
       | brianjunyinchan wrote:
       | Kudos on launch! (I know the founders personally) -- amazing
       | mission and the team is a great fit to solve this problem.
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | Thank you Brian! Appreciate your support.
        
       | ensiferum wrote:
       | Intermittent fasting offers a great alternative that is
       | completely free! The problem Fe Business perspective is of course
       | that there's nothing to sell. No pills no magic nutrition plan or
       | foods or exercise regime. And best of all...no calorie counting!
       | 
       | If you're fasting and feel hungry while carrying body fat it
       | means your metabolism is broken. Insulins levels are high and
       | thus prevent the use of stored body fat for energy. It's possible
       | to reverse this condition but it can take time up to 6 months
       | approx.
       | 
       | I really recommend to watch a pod cast with Dr. Benjamin Bikman.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TfSJFPu50_A
       | 
       | It's incredible how fasting just works. I've lost 10kg of bf and
       | 10cm from my waistline without counting a single calorie or
       | feeling hungry at all over the course of 6 months. And I haven't
       | lost strength either and my workouts are as intense as before.
       | After i started fasting it took me a about 6 weeks to start
       | seeing visible changes.
        
         | lharries wrote:
         | (Richie's co-founder here) Great to hear that intermittent
         | fasting has been working well for you! There's also interesting
         | research about the longevity benefits even if you're not
         | looking for weight loss.
         | 
         | The best approach for getting to a healthier weight will vary
         | by person. If you've put on a few pounds over the holidays but
         | are otherwise fine then Fella is not for you. We're focusing on
         | guys with a higher BMI (30+), they've tried everything
         | including intermittent fasting, keto, Weight Watchers, etc.
         | Normally they will have had short term results (even losing
         | 60lbs+) but then put the weight back on. This is often the case
         | for the guys that have been at a higher weight for a longer
         | period of time as their metabolism is in a different place.
        
           | ensiferum wrote:
           | I sincerely hope regardless of methods you're able to help
           | people and of course manage a to build a successful business
           | well. Best of luck.
        
             | lharries wrote:
             | Thank you! You too
        
       | tarr11 wrote:
       | I tried Noom twice. I was the only man in the support group both
       | times. It didn't really speak to me or work for me.
       | 
       | Definitely interested in this!
        
         | rich-cartwright wrote:
         | We've heard this a lot..
        
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