[HN Gopher] Big Oil methane emissions: 'significant gap' between...
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       Big Oil methane emissions: 'significant gap' between reality and
       reporting
        
       Author : samizdis
       Score  : 206 points
       Date   : 2021-08-17 16:38 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.reuters.com)
        
       | Geee wrote:
       | One way to reduce methane emissions is to burn it and generate
       | electricity for Bitcoin mining. It gives a direct incentive to
       | try to contain all methane. There's an estimate that all methane
       | that is currently flared or released would generate enough
       | electricity to run the whole Bitcoin network 10 times over.
       | Bitcoin mining is suitable for this, because no costly
       | infrastructure is needed for transporting the methane (which
       | would happen anyway if it was economical). Bitcoin miners can be
       | located in remote areas near the oil fields.
       | 
       | See https://www.crusoeenergy.com/digital-flare-mitigation
        
         | pierre wrote:
         | So instead of methane that will stay ~10 year (GWP of 2.8-3.4)
         | in the atmosphere, you release C02 (GWP of 1) that will stay
         | ~10k year. So short term (for ~10year) you reduce warming by
         | ~3.5, if your look long term (10k years) you increase warming
         | by 285x by doing that.
         | 
         | CH4 + 2 O2 - CO2 + 2 H2O
         | 
         | Not sure I will call that a win for the climate. (and this
         | energy could be put to better use than burning it on crypto)
        
           | Geee wrote:
           | I've been under the impression that methane is way worse for
           | climate than carbon dioxide. And that's why most of the
           | methane is usually flared, but maybe there are other reasons.
           | 
           | There's a company called Crusoe Energy [0] who develops this,
           | and they use the energy for other computational tasks as
           | well. However, bitcoin mining is the most straightforward and
           | scalable way to convert energy into money.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.crusoeenergy.com
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bequanna wrote:
         | But isn't the challenge actually capturing, storing, and
         | transporting the methane? At a minimum, you'll need the first 2
         | even if you colocate your generator and mining rig near the
         | methane source. I guess I would be skeptical that this is cost
         | effective vs. other cheap electricity sources.
        
           | Geee wrote:
           | Most of it is already captured and burned, without using it
           | to generate electricity. It's called flaring. And if they can
           | get money from it, it should make sense to try to capture
           | more.
        
       | oblib wrote:
       | Oil companies not telling the truth about the environmental
       | impact of their processing should be dealt with in a way that
       | take all of the profits, and then some, but since most all
       | politicians here have taken money from them the odds of that
       | happening seem very low.
        
         | LargoLasskhyfv wrote:
         | Old news, just FYI
         | https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Chevron-redubs-ship-...
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | Something that needs to happen more often is corporate abusers
         | need to be fined into bankruptcy, shareholders wiped out,
         | ownership transferred to the people (state) and kept operating
         | while sold or broken up into pieces during bankruptcy
         | restructuring. i.e. real consequences for boards and
         | shareholders that aren't just small dents in quarterly profits
         | while minimizing consequences for the more ordinary workers
        
           | cwkoss wrote:
           | Should the death penalty be on the table for executives in
           | particularly egregious acts of pollution? Environmental
           | destruction irreparably harms public commons, including the
           | lives of millions of future humans.
           | 
           | These people are making millions and it doesn't seem like
           | current enforcement has the desired deterrent effect. Slaps
           | on the wrist with small fines don't seem effective. How often
           | do executives get prison time for serious pollution?
           | 
           | Is there a fair legal test that you believe would justify the
           | death penalty for egregious acts of pollution where an
           | executive knowingly participated in the cover up? Currently
           | it feels like the commons is being exploited without
           | consequence. I can't help but think that executing just a
           | couple of the worst offenders would make violators much more
           | cautious and curtail this destructive behavior.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >Should the death penalty be on the table for executives in
             | particularly egregious acts of pollution
             | 
             | because that worked so well to deter murderers?
             | 
             | >These people are making millions and it doesn't seem like
             | current enforcement has the desired deterrent effect. Slaps
             | on the wrist with small fines don't seem effective.
             | 
             | I don't understand why the logical progression from "small
             | fines" is "death penalty".
        
           | andrepd wrote:
           | That this doesn't happen is all the more proof we live in a
           | plutocracy with a veneer of democracy.
        
             | bboylen wrote:
             | What?
             | 
             | How on earth would the government seizing control of one of
             | the largest industries in the country make us more of a
             | democracy?
             | 
             | We would then be in company with countries such as
             | Venezuela and Saudi Arabia, famously democratic countries
        
             | colechristensen wrote:
             | Companies _have_ been destroyed by courts, but very few,
             | very infrequently.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | And actual liability for directors. None of this "oh, just
           | take all my shareholder's money for my mistakes in exchange
           | for jail time"
        
           | samvega_ wrote:
           | What you're describing is practically impossible in a
           | capitalist state, both due to political unwillingness and by
           | juridical obstructions. One has to realize that the main
           | function of a capitalist state is to secure private capital
           | and facilitate profits for the capitalist class, in short -
           | to preserve the class hierarchy.
        
             | sekh60 wrote:
             | Seems anything being remotely anti-capitalist gets
             | downvoted here.
        
               | ccn0p wrote:
               | no, just comments that draw conclusions based off
               | conjecture.
        
           | breakyerself wrote:
           | That sounds like Utopia compared to what we have.
        
       | convolvatron wrote:
       | it would be irresponsible of a corporate officer to not optimize
       | for profit as decreased operating expenses vs the risk of
       | environmental litigation.
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | Not only irresponsible but a signal of corruption. Corporations
         | should be controlled by laws and their enforcement, not the
         | arbitrary political whims of the people working in them.
        
         | mperham wrote:
         | Society bears the cost, the profit goes to the shareholders.
         | Capitalism in a nutshell.
        
           | drocer88 wrote:
           | Communism also : https://search.brave.com/search?q=pollution%
           | 20in%20soviet%20...
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | The USSR was a state capitalist system, not sure where you
             | got the 'communism' ideea. Something vaguely socialist
             | happened during the original bolshevik revolution, but
             | Lenin quickly put a stop to that and restored
             | economic/industrial control from the soviets to the state.
             | 
             | Russia today is a capitalist, kleptocratic oligarchic
             | state, highly dependent on fossil fuels.
        
               | X6S1x6Okd1st wrote:
               | USSR is listed as a communist state here: https://en.wiki
               | pedia.org/wiki/Communist_state#List_of_commun...
        
         | _Microft wrote:
         | This reminds me of a cartoon.
         | 
         | In front of the skyline of a derelict city, a man in a torn
         | suit and a few children in similarly ragged clothes are sitting
         | at a campfire. The man says: _"Yes, the planet got destroyed.
         | But for a beautiful moment in time we created a lot of value
         | for shareholders."_.
         | 
         | You can find it here: https://www.newyorker.com/cartoon/a16995
        
         | ansible wrote:
         | And in one sentence, you have explained why actually-free
         | market capitalism must not be allowed to exist, and instead
         | must be heavily regulated to allow other stakeholders to have a
         | say in the operation of any company.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | Fiduciary duty being the highest moral imperative is quite
         | problematic.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >Fiduciary duty being the highest moral imperative
           | 
           | But it's not. That's what laws are for. If you're just going
           | to expect people to be moral voluntarily you're going to have
           | a bad time, because there inevitably will be people who have
           | lower standards of morality than you'd want.
        
             | convolvatron wrote:
             | have we managed to pass any laws to stop these companies
             | from saving a few bucks to not manage their methane
             | emissions? no.
             | 
             | i think its because we have actually internalized this idea
             | as a society.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | The idea that corporations should regulate their own
               | behavior without the threat of force/punishment? I agree.
               | Self-regulation is a thing you lobby for in order to
               | prevent actual regulation.
        
               | convolvatron wrote:
               | partially. the idea that the market is _the most
               | important_ thing, and that companies know best about how
               | to optimize, and that any time anyone tries to modulate
               | their behavior for the social good - it turns out to be
               | counterproductive.
        
         | the_gastropod wrote:
         | Irresponsible to what? Their shareholders? Or life on planet
         | Earth?
        
           | TrainedMonkey wrote:
           | To the most important thing - his bank account.
        
         | andrepd wrote:
         | /s?
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | "decreased operating expenses vs the risk of environmental
         | litigation."
         | 
         | Then we have to increase the expense of environmental
         | violations by a lot to make sure that it would be irresponsible
         | to ignore regulations.
        
         | thedmstdmstdmst wrote:
         | I'm sorry but environmental litigation is not a simple thing
         | any corporate officer shrugs concern for. They simply try not
         | to know about those things or offload the risk to third party's
         | etc.
        
         | skyfaller wrote:
         | If that is the only possible result with corporations, then
         | continued human survival is not compatible with the continued
         | existence of corporations.
         | 
         | It is possible that e.g. benefit corporations may do a better
         | job than standard corporations, but I have my doubts that it is
         | possible to make corporations consistently account for negative
         | externalities under capitalism.
        
         | handrous wrote:
         | "Responsible" performance of a role in an organization doesn't
         | put one above judgement for one's actions, _at all_ , which
         | may, though correct from a very narrow perspective, be
         | horrible. The most obvious & crystal-clear examples would
         | Godwin the thread, but I trust the idea's simple enough not to
         | need illustration by example.
        
         | DesiLurker wrote:
         | In that statement is inherent the fact that unless you put a
         | dollar figure on an item it does not matters to capitalism.
         | this is not a criticism of capitalism, just that how this
         | works. what needs to happen is that we provide a value
         | assessment for 'common goods' like not polluting the rivers or
         | atmosphere. then and only then capitalism will start to care
         | about them. one way of doing that is to create instruments like
         | carbon taxes which models cost of 'making life worse for
         | everybody' which is currently assumed to be zero.
        
       | arbuge wrote:
       | There may be more to this story. I believe "Big Oil" actually
       | wanted tighter control of methane emissions to remain in place
       | when the previous administration proposed relaxing them. The
       | problem may be with smaller producers, who would be favored by
       | that relaxation if they have less resources for compliance than
       | bigger companies do:
       | 
       | https://www.npr.org/2020/08/13/901863874/trumps-methane-roll...
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | yes agree - I posted here about methane, small "cowboy" oil and
         | gas in West Texas, and some conflict with Big Oil at the time..
         | remote methane detection using specialized sensors and Deep
         | Learning on the sensing data, has pulled the kimono from this
         | situation.. Big Oil saw a political liability, and did advocate
         | to that US Fed Administration to be strict, and the opposite
         | happened. I very much appreciate the Daylight here on this
         | topic, much needed
        
         | pueblito wrote:
         | I'm sure the smaller producers are lying about methane too.
         | Call it a hunch.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | There is truth to the GP post.
           | 
           | Large producers have a tendency to _prefer_ stronger
           | regulations, especially new regulations because they have a
           | competitive advantage in being able to implement them fully
           | while their smaller competitors will be more likely to
           | struggle and ultimately fail and sell cheap to the bigger
           | fish.
           | 
           | In other words for a lot of regulations a considerable
           | portion of the cost to implement is fixed and does not scale
           | with org size which tends to put smaller operators at a
           | further competitive disadvantage.
        
             | thedmstdmstdmst wrote:
             | I think it's more the large producers are global companies
             | who have exposure to investors with different goals than
             | smaller companies who have investors essentially looking at
             | them like the lotto.
        
       | deepinsand wrote:
       | I've spent a good amount of time on oil wells, and this was
       | always obvious. Methane passively leaks from the ground of most
       | wells, and is usually related to the quality of the cement
       | reinforcements. There is no real incentive for oil companies to
       | use higher quality materials.
        
       | jhallenworld wrote:
       | Their Co2 emissions from flaring unused methane is also
       | significant. This company has some kind of live map of them:
       | 
       | https://www.flaringmonitor.org/
        
         | yborg wrote:
         | Not that you want any extra greenhouse gas emissions, but
         | methane is a much stronger greenhouse gas on short timescales,
         | 100x over 5 years. CO2 is the lesser of the two evils.
        
       | michael1999 wrote:
       | This is why I've always preferred a metered tax on pollutants
       | over a regulated "limit". Without revenue attached, there is
       | less-than-zero budget to measure and audit in the firm _or_ the
       | regulator. But with a metered tax (on methane, co2, benzene,
       | etc), weak or fraudulent self reporting become back-taxes owed
       | with penalties which tends to attract interested headcount.
        
       | CompelTechnic wrote:
       | I spent months trying to get a valve to pass the API 622 fugitive
       | emissions test. It never passed before I got laid off. I suspect
       | that valve stem packing for valves at methane plants is one of
       | the leading contributors for this.
        
       | whall6 wrote:
       | Which number is reality? How can we know what is the true number.
       | We are only confident to a _degree_.
       | 
       | I get that there is an obvious incentive for o&g to bias
       | downward, but we shouldn't lead ourselves astray thinking that an
       | outside audit is 100% accurate. It's useful but we shouldn't hang
       | our hats on it.
       | 
       | Also, I get this is tangential to the true point, but it just
       | bothers me when numbers derived from estimation are labeled as
       | "reality".
        
         | nend wrote:
         | I mean, I get your point. The underlying data and studies
         | should be analyzed and confirmed. But as the article mentions
         | this is not the only study showing an under reporting of
         | emissions, and as you said oil companies have obvious
         | incentives to under report.
         | 
         | So the question is now "how much is being under reported", but
         | not "are oil companies under reporting".
         | 
         | >Which number is reality?
         | 
         | Not the one the oil companies are telling us, which should be
         | alarming.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Europe (ESA) has a satellite program that can measure methane
       | emissions from space.
       | 
       | https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Coperni...
        
         | adamking wrote:
         | California also launching one soon.
         | 
         | https://www.reuters.com/business/sustainable-business/califo...
        
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