[HN Gopher] Unifying iPadOS and macOS
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Unifying iPadOS and macOS
        
       Author : fallenhitokiri
       Score  : 95 points
       Date   : 2021-08-14 12:07 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.screamingatmyscreen.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.screamingatmyscreen.com)
        
       | sangd wrote:
       | iOS is undeniably the one that would lead and determine how the
       | future would be. In terms of money, iOS makes almost 5x more
       | money than MacOS excluding all the services and wearables the iOS
       | brings in as well. It makes lots of sense to continue invest
       | heavily on iPadOS to attract more advanced users like devs.
       | 
       | iPad Pro M1 is the baby first step to start bringing in more
       | MacOS compatible pieces to iPadOS. Eventually it would suck some
       | or even most of the MacOS users into the iPadOS.
        
       | api wrote:
       | I need a real computer. I don't mind a few UI ideas being
       | borrowed where they make sense but if I can't run anything I want
       | on it and can't multitask or combine things together it is not a
       | real computer.
       | 
       | iOS works fine for a phone. It's worthless for my job or my
       | personal interests.
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | That's kind of the beauty of an iPad. It isn't for everyone. It
         | hasn't been designed as a lowest-common-denominator type of
         | device. There are a few things it's great at and those aren't
         | necessarily the types of things a lot of people want.
         | 
         | I have a 2018 iPad and it's easily my favorite computer to use.
         | With a keyboard, it's lovely to write on. With the Pencil and
         | Good Notes it's a fantastic note taking device. Get ProCreate
         | and it's an amazing combination for sketching and drawing. By
         | itself, it's a great device for reference manuals and videos
         | when I'm doing something like fixing my washing machine.
         | 
         | I don't read much on it because I have a dedicated e-reader. I
         | don't play games on it because I have a console that's better
         | for gaming. I don't write software on it because I have a
         | workstation and laptop configured exactly for that purpose.
         | 
         | I think as they make changes to broaden the iPad's appeal, they
         | may be undermining it.
        
           | vbezhenar wrote:
           | iPad is the same iOS like iPhone, just with bigger screen.
           | It's not a real device for work. There's no bash in iPad.
           | There's no docker in iPad. There's no accessible filesystem
           | in iPad. You can't connect arduino and program it with iPad.
           | You can't install Java IDE and use it. It's infinitely far
           | away from being usable. And making it usable means turning it
           | into macOS.
           | 
           | The only possible way for iPad to become slightly useful is
           | to provide a proper macOS in a some way. But it's still
           | useless because of terrible thermals and will throttle on any
           | serious load. Even laptops are barely able to keep up with
           | ever increasing demands from developers. Tablet is just not
           | made for work. It's good to read a book, that I'll admit.
           | Even browser is barely usable, there's no developer console
           | to kill that annoying div.
        
       | cwizou wrote:
       | Interesting take, there's 0 doubt that iPads are incredibly more
       | intuitive to use, and anecdotally, I've also seen the same
       | observations regarding young and elderly. I think a good portion
       | of that is the indirect pointing method (mouse or trackpad) that
       | takes some use to, but there are certainly inherited conventions,
       | features based on past limitations and other things that look
       | just weird to a new audience picking it up.
       | 
       | It's certainly not impossible but one could argue that some
       | oddities could be cleaned up. Releasing software as dmg on Mac is
       | really terrible for new users (and I hate that I did it for
       | Aerial's companion app), it's inherited from the olden days of
       | CD-ROMs and the fact that you have to unmount it is really
       | something that could be improved on.
       | 
       | Now, one could argue Apple has very low incentive to provide
       | something better and push for a new norm (most software nowadays
       | does zip and detect if user launches from the Downloads folder,
       | complaining/moving the file in Applications for you), but that's
       | definitely a relic of the past that, while you can still support
       | it for legacy reasons, should be phased out for something better
       | officially pushed by Apple (that is not just the App Store).
       | 
       | The Apple approach to feature changes/simplifications on macOS
       | though seems solely based on design. Hiding the document proxy
       | icons on windows in Big Sur is a good example of this [1].
       | 
       | If you've seen Monterey betas, Safari tabs are also losing
       | functionalities (favicons worked a bit like document proxy icons,
       | that's gone now) and while they rolled back some of the most
       | egregious changes (they had made a utter mess with toolbar
       | buttons in beta 1), the new UI is still clunky in terms of
       | general usability and readability.
       | 
       | I guess it looks epurated and consistent with the new Safari iPad
       | UI, but do those change help in any way the new users to get
       | around the inherited "peculiarities" of the Mac ? I don't think
       | so.
       | 
       | And when Apple does "line up" features to make them consistent
       | accross platforms, it's always the Mac that loses. The phasing
       | out of plugins in Safari for app extensions killed uBlock Origin
       | for example, and the alternatives are certainly not as great.
       | 
       | [1] :
       | https://daringfireball.net/2021/07/document_proxy_icons_maco...
        
         | joshtynjala wrote:
         | Have you tried creating a .pkg file instead of .dmg? Much
         | better user experience, in my opinion. The developer controls
         | where the .app goes, and there's nothing for the user to
         | unmount when finished.
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | Talk to a CS professor and they will tell you an OS is what is
       | deep inside the machine but not see. Read a review in arstechnica
       | and you would think an OS is about appearances and the exact
       | shape of each UI component, etc.
       | 
       | My understanding is that the kernel is basically the same
       | already, it is the services stacked on top that are different.
        
         | srvmshr wrote:
         | iOS always ran a stripped down XNU/Darwin based on the original
         | CMU Mach blueprint. Right from the first version.
         | 
         | For a fact, Steve Jobs mentioned that in his iPhone
         | introduction keynote in 2007
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | It's completely practical to ship the (almost) same kernel
           | with different a different userspace. That's the difference
           | between desktop Linux and Android, XBOX and Windows, etc.
           | 
           | In fact if you care about performance and reliability
           | (particularly add more cores and get more performance) there
           | is no option rather than build on a mature kernel. Google's
           | Fuchsia, for instance, is a high risk project which might
           | never reach parity with Android.
           | 
           | (I think of Microsoft's "dual track" OS strategy that took 5
           | years to merge Windows 95 and Windows NT)
        
             | neilalexander wrote:
             | > Google's Fuchsia, for instance, is a high risk project
             | which might never reach parity with Android.
             | 
             | If you write an app using the Android APIs and not native
             | code then it wouldn't matter if you were really running a
             | Linux-based Android or a Fuchsia-based Android, as long as
             | the API contracts were met. Google knows this -- it's not
             | impossible to imagine that one day Android might not be
             | Linux-based.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | It's possible, but Google has to get all the details
               | right to make it "good enough" if not better.
               | 
               | For instance they have to get the story right w.r.t. to
               | drivers and the needs of handset vendors, carriers, etc.
               | Performance has to be good. Microkernel and capability-
               | based systems are notorious for having bottlenecks.
               | 
               | Personally I liked the original WSL from Microsoft a lot
               | but Microsoft didn't feel it was good enough because
               | filesystem metadata operations are much slower in Windows
               | NT than they are in Linux. If you do something that
               | involves an excessive number of files (say build the
               | Linux kernel) some people find the performance of WSL
               | unacceptable. Yet, nobody complained about the slowness
               | of filesystem metadata operations before on Windows --
               | people figured that was just the way it was, might not
               | even have known some operating system was faster, and
               | they stuffed data in SQLLite and otherwise reduced the
               | number of files that they handled.
               | 
               | Microsoft felt they had to do something about it and came
               | out with WSL2 which is inferior to WSL and to just
               | running a normal Linux kernel under Hyper-V, VirtualBox,
               | VMWare and the like -- because it is still closely
               | coupled to Windows in ways that make "it just works"
               | elusive. (e.g. just requiring that you install it from
               | the Windows Store means you can't install it if your
               | Windows Store is b0rked, which mine often is)
               | 
               | So Fuschia might be the future, but getting there
               | involves confronting a lot of details that they might not
               | want to confront. If there are ten critical "non-
               | functional requirements" and they only get nine of them
               | they are doomed.
        
       | FractalHQ wrote:
       | I bought an iPad Pro recently, and I hate the fact that I can't
       | run any of my favorite macOS apps on it despite the fact that the
       | hardware is more than capable. And no web browsers / browser
       | extensions / PWAs?
       | 
       | It feels like a toy. Very disappointing.
        
         | lostgame wrote:
         | Return it and get a MacBook for around the same price.
         | 
         | I don't understand the _point_ of iPad Pros being so powerful
         | when they can't - y'know - run even _Apple's own_ Pro software.
         | (Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro)
         | 
         | They're mind-numbingly expensive toys, for sure.
        
           | dagmx wrote:
           | They make a lot of sense for creatives.
           | 
           | ProCreate, various image editing tools, even video editing...
           | I know a lot of talented professionals who've switched over
           | to iPad Pros for most of their work except 3D.
           | 
           | A large part of that is the Apple Pencil and very low
           | latency, but they appreciate every spec bump because it does
           | help their type of work out.
        
           | SomeHacker44 wrote:
           | The only use I have for an iPad is Foreflight. If it ran on
           | any other operating system I would not use Apple products. I
           | dislike no fingerprint reader on the iPad Pro too.
           | 
           | Still, it is nice for consuming books, blogs and video.
        
             | walterbell wrote:
             | The latest iPad Air has a fingerprint reader on the power
             | button, which is nice. Hopefully this makes its way to
             | other Apple devices.
        
           | freediver wrote:
           | This. Not only that but newest M1 is a league on its own and
           | a clear path for Apple to dominate the desktop market. What
           | Apple should do is entrench their hardware position with M2
           | and M3 and heavily invest in macOS for desktop compute
           | purposes.
        
         | comex wrote:
         | At least browser extensions will be a thing as of iOS 15.
        
         | paulcole wrote:
         | You knew what it was when you bought it right?
         | 
         | As far as I know, Apple never said "you'll be able to run your
         | favorite macOS apps on it because the hardware is more than
         | capable."
        
       | _ph_ wrote:
       | There is a lot of reason for having different UIs to start with,
       | between a tablet and a laptop or even a desktop computer. Though
       | I think productivity could be better on the iPad in this regard
       | too.
       | 
       | But the very basic problem is file handling. It somehow seems to
       | vary across apps. Some have local storage to themselves which is
       | hidden from everyone, some have visible local storage, others
       | support files/iCloud. While files can be cumbersome on its own,
       | if at least all apps would share the data in a way accessible by
       | files, it would be a start.
       | 
       | Best example which keeps bugging me: music. I ripped my CDs into
       | my iTunes library and consequently into Apple Music. Now, Apple
       | Music decided to delete some of my tracks from its library. How
       | to get them back? I even was able to put them into my iCloud
       | drive, but there is no way to add music to your iPad this way. Is
       | there any other way you can add tracks to Apple Music? Is there
       | any way to cause iTunes, which still has all of them, to upload
       | them to Apple Music again (never mention that I do need my Mac
       | for that, destroying the notion of the iPad being stand-alone).
       | 
       | Same situation with videos. How to copy videos from iCloud onto
       | the iPad apps? And of course, none of these apps open something
       | like an "open file" mechanism.
       | 
       | I quite like my iPad Pro. But I never figured out, how to really
       | "do" things with it. The only positive exception seems to be the
       | "Working Copy" git client, which enables some apps to be used
       | productively.
        
       | thrower123 wrote:
       | This was dumb when Windows 8 did it, and it remains dumb.
       | 
       | Unifying an OS and it's GUI/UX layer across devices with
       | fundamental differences like this gives you lowest denominator
       | crap.
        
       | defaulty wrote:
       | As a power user on MacOS, I dread the merge. I can only suspect
       | that MacOS becomes less power-user friendly in the name of
       | "intuitiveness". I hope I am proven wrong
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | I agree. My personal plan is to ride it out and then maybe find
         | a machine that works well with Linux. I can't go back to
         | Windows unless MS rereleases Win7. Win10 is crap and win11
         | appears to be more of the same kind (i.e even worse).
         | 
         | More to the point, this seems to be a general trend: we have so
         | much better technology by now, but a worse society. That is
         | something I don't know how to get out of.
        
         | jbverschoor wrote:
         | It's just lazyness / QA problems at Apple that prevent high
         | quality apps
        
           | bluescrn wrote:
           | No, it's more about the inherent limitations of touch-centric
           | UIs, combined with limited multitasking (full-screen apps),
           | and trying to hide the filesystem from the user.
        
             | aikinai wrote:
             | The file system hasn't been hidden for years. Unfortunately
             | the app and components that interact with it are completely
             | anemic, so it's still a pain to work with.
        
           | still_grokking wrote:
           | Maybe they just can't afford QA? Shareholders are demanding
           | sometimes, but end-users aren't mostly.
        
             | bonestormii_ wrote:
             | LoL @ "Perhaps Apple can't afford..."
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | Apple can afford a small country, and shareholders will
             | certainly support an Apple management that insists on
             | adequate QA.
        
             | jbverschoor wrote:
             | Apple can afford anything in the world, except degrading
             | quality / reputation.
        
         | eddieh wrote:
         | _> I can only suspect that MacOS becomes less power-user
         | friendly_
         | 
         | That's pretty much been the trend for years now.
        
         | SomeHacker44 wrote:
         | I saw this coming in '19 or earlier when they deprecated 32-bit
         | software. I started moving away from Apple then. Now I still
         | have my functioning 2017 Mac but I mostly use newer Windows/WSL
         | computers, and my new work computer is an X1 running Linux. It
         | is not hard to switch except for the lack of emacs keys for
         | cursor control. (Unix user since '88.)
        
       | tandav wrote:
       | is macOS scans users data like iOS? (and reports to gov)
        
         | lostgame wrote:
         | No it does not.
        
           | 130e13a wrote:
           | for now, that is
        
         | setpatchaddress wrote:
         | iOS does not do this.
        
         | tehabe wrote:
         | macOS 12 will also scan uploads to iCloud and I'm pretty sure
         | iMessage for minors will also have the backdoor active. So,
         | macOS is as vulnerable as iOS.
        
       | derefr wrote:
       | Y'know Samsung's DEX, where you plug a Samsung Android device
       | into an HDMI output and the output is not a mirror of the phone's
       | mobile UI, but rather a full Android desktop UI?
       | 
       | There's little reason that Apple couldn't do the same thing with
       | iPads, where the "desktop UI" is macOS. Unify the
       | kernels/userlands, keep the "Desktop Environments" distinct, but
       | ship them both on iPads, with the macOS DE just waiting around
       | for you to plug your device into a monitor.
       | 
       | Apple are already training us for this with the new version of
       | Continuity -- there's little difference between "control your Mac
       | from your iPad" and "control the macOS DE container running on
       | your iPad, from your iPad."
       | 
       | The only real differences in interaction paradigm between
       | Continuity and a DEX-like approach, now that I think of it, would
       | be:
       | 
       | - a shared filesystem
       | 
       | - [possibly] moving iPad/Catalyst apps freely between screens,
       | where they swap between being fullscreen on iPadOS and being
       | windows on macOS
       | 
       | This would also be a (rather-charitable) explanation for why
       | iPadOS has never done anything smart so far when plugged into an
       | HDMI display. If they were planning to do this, they wouldn't
       | bother with half-steps like giving iPadOS apps multi-display
       | support.
        
         | 1123581321 wrote:
         | Adoption rates of these new features is too low to train a
         | substantial portion of users.
        
         | walterbell wrote:
         | Many people were expectantly waiting for this to be announced
         | at WWDC 2021, especially with the M1-based iPad including
         | silicon support for hypervisor/virtualization and the 16GB RAM
         | / 1TB storage model. Yet nothing was announced, suggesting that
         | the only use of 16GB RAM will be upcoming memory-consuming
         | Adobe "Pro" apps.
        
           | vbezhenar wrote:
           | IMO this is the first future-proof mobile device from Apple.
           | 
           | Apple has bad habit to install absolutely minimum amounts of
           | RAM into their mobile devices. iPhone had 2 GB RAM when
           | Androids (with similar price) had 8 GB RAM. It means that RAM
           | will be main issue for supporting those devices in the future
           | iOS versions and eventually they'll be dropped, despite
           | extremely powerful CPU and huge storage.
           | 
           | But with 16 GB it won't be the case ever. And, of course, CPU
           | will not significantly progress in the future and certainly
           | will not the limiting factor. So this tablet should easily
           | last for another 10 years (if battery could be replaced with
           | reasonable efforts).
        
             | walterbell wrote:
             | Agreed, but not worth almost $2K for the 16GB/1TB model.
             | Until Apple un-cripples the iPad Pro, it's better to buy a
             | lower-end iPad + MacBook.
        
         | hexe wrote:
         | I want this, but not limited to only tablets.
         | 
         | I want to own a single "pocket computer" and that's it, no more
         | syncing, just a single device. I can drop it into a dock on my
         | desk, that breaks out the I/O into a 30" display, keyboard,
         | trackpad, speakers, and it activates the Mac desktop
         | environment.
         | 
         | Unplug from the dock, it pauses everything I'm doing on the
         | desktop, and it goes back into my pocket and uses the touch
         | screen.
        
           | derefr wrote:
           | You mean like this: https://nexdock.com/samsung-dex-laptop/
        
             | hexe wrote:
             | Yeah, but have it power all the peripherals of a full
             | desktop. It could hot swap by dropping it into a magnetic
             | dock/cradle whenever you need to "do some work", and then
             | pick it up and walk away and all the desktop peripherals go
             | back into hibernation.
        
       | flohofwoe wrote:
       | It's not about the touch screen, the UI, the hardware or "casual"
       | vs "professional" users, but simply about the ability to
       | create(!) and combine small specialized tools into something
       | that's bigger than the sum of its parts.
       | 
       | The "walled garden app ecosystem" is exceptionally bad for this,
       | and the UNIX shell is exceptionally good, but both are extremes.
       | It's hard to imagine how a UNIX-like flexibility can be achieved
       | inside an ecosystem that's optimized for passive media
       | consumption and online shopping though.
        
         | linguae wrote:
         | I wholeheartedly agree; the app-centric model of today's
         | desktop environments is the antithesis of the Smalltalk vision
         | of composability. In an environment where everything is a live
         | object, programmers can send messages to those objects. Thus,
         | in the Smalltalk environment you end up with something even
         | more powerful than Unix pipes and redirection.
         | 
         | Now, Smalltalk provides the infrastructure for composability,
         | but Smalltalk by itself doesn't provide us the full-fledged
         | desktop environment and applications that users have come to
         | expect; they would have to be implemented in Smalltalk. But
         | where things get interesting in a Smalltalk-implemented desktop
         | environment is that the live object environment is still there,
         | leading to interesting possibilities. Imagine being able to
         | control a word processing program through scripts written
         | outside the word processor, without the word processing program
         | itself having to implement something like Visual Basic for
         | Applications? Imagine being able to control a spreadsheet with
         | Smalltalk methods on cells instead of having to learn the
         | spreadsheet's language or having to learn Visual Basic for
         | Applications? The possibilities become even more intriguing
         | when objects can interact with each other in ways that are far
         | more general than Unix pipes. This is the desktop environment I
         | dream of using, the unification of the ease of use of GUIs and
         | the flexibility and programmability similar to the Unix shell.
         | 
         | Oddly enough, in the mid-1990's Apple implemented a less-
         | ambitious (but still very ambitious for its time) version of
         | this vision known as OpenDoc
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDoc). There are some
         | wonderful videos at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oFJdjk2rq4E
         | (a three minute summary) and at https://youtu.be/2FSFvEIpm5o (a
         | 50-minute demo). OpenDoc was released in 1996, if I recall
         | correctly, and there were some applications written with
         | OpenDoc, most notably the CyberDog web browser
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberdog). However, once Apple
         | bought NeXT in late 1996, Apple committed itself to building
         | its next-generation operating system on NeXT, which had its own
         | collection of object-oriented APIs. The cancellation of OpenDoc
         | led to this famous spat during WWDC 1997 when a disgruntled
         | developer questioned Steve Jobs on Apple's decision to cancel
         | OpenDoc (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oeqPrUmVz-o).
         | 
         | Why was OpenDoc cancelled? One can argue that OpenDoc's
         | cancellation was due to Apple needing to have a tight focus
         | during its very vulnerable period in 1997. The proof is in the
         | pudding: mid-1990's Apple before the return of Steve Jobs was
         | an unfocused beacon that was able to produce many interesting
         | technological demos (the Dylan programming language, SK8,
         | OpenDoc), but there was no single coherent vision. The Taligent
         | and Copland projects, which strove to replace the classic Mac
         | OS with then-modern underpinnings, were disasters. OpenDoc was
         | just one out of the many, sometimes competing, visions that
         | Apple had during this time. Steve Jobs was able to turn around
         | Apple's fortunes by having Apple focus on one vision for the
         | Mac.
         | 
         | However, another way of looking at the cancellation of OpenDoc
         | is that its success would have completely upended the software
         | industry. Instead of software vendors selling apps, software
         | vendors would sell components, which users can integrate to
         | create custom workflows. While I believe that this would have
         | led to a lot of flexibility and user-empowerment, OpenDoc would
         | have also been seriously challenged by major software vendors
         | like Microsoft and Adobe, whose empires were built on selling
         | large, proprietary software packages. They were not going to
         | give up their moats without a fight.
         | 
         | Still, I dream of the modern realization of component-based
         | software, and it's something I've been thinking a lot about for
         | the past few years.
        
           | musesum wrote:
           | > another way of looking at the cancellation of OpenDoc is
           | that its success would have completely upended the software
           | industry.
           | 
           | Ironically, that was the main interest of Brad Cox who, with
           | Tom Love, created Objective-C, which was acquired by NeXT,
           | and became the way forward for Apple.
           | 
           | In my experience, it is very hard to build a business around
           | software objects. I spent a couple years trying to build an
           | App around the Apple Watch. But, Apple only allows 3rd party
           | complications. It is essentially a component. Apple
           | recommends focusing on doing only one thing.
           | 
           | Moreover, as a component, you the developer often have less
           | control over the UX. On the Apple Watch, when a user opens
           | -say- Spotify on the iPhone, your app is kicked out.
           | 
           | So, a couple weeks ago, I decided to put the Apple Watch
           | development on hold and do something else on the iPad.
        
             | linguae wrote:
             | I concur; I believe selling software components is a
             | difficult business model for the reasons that you
             | mentioned. This may have contributed to Steve Jobs'
             | decision to cancel OpenDoc in 1997: Apple needed the
             | support of its existing base of software vendors,
             | especially Microsoft and Adobe, in order for the Mac to
             | survive, and OpenDoc, which was designed with the express
             | purpose of challenging the types of monolithic, large
             | applications that Microsoft and Adobe developed, was not
             | going to win the support of Microsoft and Adobe. Even when
             | it came to the question of whether Microsoft Office and
             | Adobe Photoshop would be ported to NeXT's APIs (later named
             | Cocoa), both Microsoft and Adobe balked, which forced Apple
             | to develop the Carbon API to make it easier for software
             | developers to port programs written for the classic Mac OS.
             | If Microsoft and Adobe balked at having to use Cocoa,
             | imagine the howls that would have came from a demand to
             | port their software to OpenDoc.
             | 
             | However, I believe that component-based software is a
             | natural fit in the FOSS community. One of my favorite
             | Hacker News comments of all time is
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13573373, where the
             | author makes the case for why component-based software
             | would have been a better fit for the Linux desktop than the
             | standard approach of trying to build a FOSS replica of
             | large, commercial platforms.
        
           | wrs wrote:
           | You forgot Newton: applications are components written in a
           | memory safe language all running in the same address space
           | with full access to each others' objects. The "imagine..."
           | scenarios above are entirely doable (indeed, were done) in
           | NewtonOS.
        
         | fallenhitokiri wrote:
         | This is IMHO a really good point. Somewhere in between App
         | Groups, Share Extensions and custom URL schemes I really hoped
         | at some point we would see a way to make this happen.
         | 
         | My wife is currently using Affinity and Adobe products to work
         | on illustrations. It works mostly the same for her as on her
         | Mac. She does not care about small, specialised tools, she
         | wants one app that does everything she needs. The iPad is doing
         | a great job running those apps.
         | 
         | I am not sure how many users (outside of the ones who got used
         | to it) want UNIX-like flexibility vs "give me an app that does
         | everything I need". If the later group keeps getting larger the
         | walled garden approach to apps might actually work.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | Even in Unix it's not like everyone is satisfied with small
           | and specialized applications, or Emacs, let alone modern
           | IDEs, would never have been created.
        
           | vladvasiliu wrote:
           | > I am not sure how many users (outside of the ones who got
           | used to it) want UNIX-like flexibility vs "give me an app
           | that does everything I need". If the later group keeps
           | getting larger the walled garden approach to apps might
           | actually work.
           | 
           | I think this is crux of the matter. Even outside the Apple
           | ecosystem I see a tendency in people to not think about
           | composing multiple tools but to look for an app that does
           | everything.
           | 
           | I'm talking about my colleagues, working in IT, but in a
           | Windows environment.
           | 
           | And on Windows there's PowerShell, which, although slow and
           | to me not as flexible as bash, still allows one to do quite a
           | lot of things. But people seem to see using it as a last
           | resort, when there's absolutely no way of doing what they
           | want by clicking around some window.
        
             | emodendroket wrote:
             | It's hard to remember all the arguments for a passel of
             | command line utils. Discoverablility is much better for a
             | GUI, and only someone who wishes to do something unusual or
             | specialized will chafe against the limitations.
        
               | flohofwoe wrote:
               | UI discoverability has massively declined with the advent
               | of touch UIs though. You can't hover a UI item to see
               | what it does, and there's a lot of non-intuitive "magic
               | swipes" and hidden UI elements in smartphone UIs which
               | you just have to know about.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | Touch UI items tend to be larger by necessity (and to
               | have surrounding padding as a safety factor, which
               | increases their "effective" size even further), so you
               | don't really need to do the hover thing. Just redesign
               | them to be more self-explanatory as opposed to wasting
               | that space.
               | 
               | "Magic swipes" could also be redesigned to be more
               | intuitive, e.g. with some background soft-3D effects that
               | make swipe-sensitive areas "stand out" from the neutral
               | background.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Aren't magic swipes basically the analog to keyboard
               | shortcuts?
        
               | sixstringtheory wrote:
               | Your argument applies to all kitchen sinks, regardless of
               | whether they are considered one application like VSCode
               | or an operating system withs collection of applications
               | like Unix. Both still have all the capabilities for text
               | editing, syntax highlighting, version control and
               | executing scripts. You can spread complexity around in
               | different ways but you can't eliminate it.
               | 
               | Personally I find GUI discoverability to be like the
               | hunt-and-peck model of typing, vs touch typing being CLI,
               | and I don't think it's a coincidence that touch typing
               | and CLI go hand in hand: you never leave home row. You
               | think about what you want to do and type the command,
               | instead of looking through panels of icons or more
               | exotically arranged buttons (which in the newest web
               | apps, constantly jump around as the page lazily loads,
               | new elements appear forcing layout changes, fonts load
               | causing text reflow... I frequently tap the wrong menu
               | item because what I really wanted got pushed down by a
               | new appearing element as my finger approached the
               | screen.)
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Maybe with something like PowerShell, with very
               | consistent command names and arguments, this model is
               | believable, but I don't know what other than memorization
               | is going to tell you that "less" is for reading a file
               | and "dd" is for copying one disk to another.
        
               | eecc wrote:
               | Uh no.
               | 
               | Take clicking around a Microsoft ISS configuration on
               | Windows 2000 vs an Apache httpd config file and it's
               | online doc.
               | 
               | I briefly tried both, and didn't look back
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | For a task like configuring a Web server you're right.
               | But do you think most tasks people do on a computer are
               | like that? I don't think that they are.
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | I agree with you about discoverability, but in practice I
               | find that tasks aren't completely new every time, there
               | usually are _common principles_. With usage, you kinda
               | get to know what is and isn 't possible, even if you
               | don't recall the precise details of each and every
               | command. So you can look them up, knowing more or less
               | what you're looking for.
               | 
               | On Linux, `--help` usually... helps. Or there's the man.
               | On Windows, the MS docs are usually usable to find
               | things.
               | 
               | Of course, it may not work 100% of the time, but I find
               | it's a question of philosophy. I'm not a Windows user, so
               | I generally approach it with a mentality of "it would be
               | nice to be able to do this, let me check real quick if
               | there's a way". I usually manage to not have to click
               | around for two hours when I have to do something
               | repetitive.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Hm, well, part of the problem is, what man page are you
               | even looking for? You already have to at least know the
               | command you want. Honestly I usually end up resolving my
               | queries with Google instead.
        
               | giovannibonetti wrote:
               | I think I saw a command line tool that would show the
               | documentation for all flags when you pressed tab... I
               | don't remember it's name, though.
        
           | howaboutnope wrote:
           | But for anything non-trivial, that app that does everything
           | person A needs doesn't do what person B needs, and vice
           | versa. It mostly does what person C needs, who is a
           | whiteboard made subset of the most used features and doesn't
           | match anyone.
           | 
           | It's not just UNIX-like flexibility, it's human uniqueness,
           | and the uniqueness of the tasks they perform and the ideas
           | they have. It's also the difference between owning and
           | knowing how to use a tool, versus renting someone to do it
           | for you who might help you today, but could rob or hurt you
           | tomorrow.
           | 
           | Just consider how we spend decades to teach new humans to
           | read and write as well as they can learn it, versus just
           | giving them a bunch of emoticons to signal when they're
           | hungry or sleepy or bored. Because we expect them to become
           | full peers, and architects of their world, responsible for
           | the next generation, not just consumers picking options
           | others prepared for them. And we don't care if they want
           | that, because we know what they don't know, yet. We base our
           | judgement on the information we have, not the information
           | they lack.
           | 
           | Making an exception for computer literacy just because it is
           | hard (as if language and reading and writing aren't until you
           | get used to them) set us on a terrible path.
        
             | walterbell wrote:
             | _> Just consider how we spend decades to teach new humans
             | to read and write as well as they can learn it, versus just
             | giving them a bunch of emoticons to signal when they 're
             | hungry or sleepy or bored. Because we expect them to become
             | full peers, and architects of their world, responsible for
             | the next generation, not just consumers picking options
             | others prepared for them. _
             | 
             | Thanks for this summary of the case for general purpose
             | computing.
        
             | emodendroket wrote:
             | Why should the average person learn these skills in
             | particular rather than plumbing, cooking, woodwork, auto
             | repair, or any number of other useful skills they could
             | also learn?
        
               | giovannibonetti wrote:
               | Because most of those skills are relatively easy to be
               | picked up at any stage in life, whereas computer literacy
               | - or even a new programming language - is quite hard to
               | introduce into people after they are 30 or so.
               | 
               | Take this with a grain of salt, as it is based mostly on
               | my own experiences, although I remember at least an essay
               | from Paul Graham talking about how rare it is to have a
               | programmer switch languages after some age.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | I have changed languages every time I started a new job
               | and sometimes just switching projects on the same job. I
               | don't think learning a language is really that big a deal
               | for a programmer.
               | 
               | I'm sure it's hard to learn to be a serious programmer
               | past a certain age. But it's not easy to learn a new
               | (human) language or get really good at many of the other
               | skills I mentioned that quickly either.
        
               | sixstringtheory wrote:
               | I don't see your point. I think people should learn those
               | too if they want. And we do need people to learn them.
               | 
               | But nobody would suggest that someone that can only put
               | together an IKEA nightstand is qualified for carpentry on
               | the level of house building or fine cabinetry. Just
               | because you can water a garden with a hose doesn't
               | qualify you to work on water mains.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Right. But most people do not work on water mains or as
               | professional carpenters, nor does society need them to be
               | able to start at any time.
        
         | Glide wrote:
         | Counterpoint to this, is that I've seen people be reluctant to
         | click where they are not reluctant to touch. That barrier is
         | vital for people who did not grow up with tech to interact and
         | experiment with it.
         | 
         | Here's one question: hover on focus vs click to focus?
         | 
         | Hover makes sense if you think of the pointer as a finger.
        
           | flohofwoe wrote:
           | Those are just different input paradigms that have evolved
           | over time, one isn't inherently superior to the others. Cars
           | have a much more difficult UX than kbd+mouse, touch, gamepad
           | or (Wii-style) point-and-wiggle interfaces, yet the relative
           | difficulty of driving a car for "technical" vs "non-
           | technical" people rarely comes up in discussions.
        
           | mhuffman wrote:
           | >That barrier is vital for people who did not grow up with
           | tech to interact and experiment with it.
           | 
           | Who are you talking about? Senior citizens? Or maybe people
           | outside of the US in developing countries? Because anyone
           | under 50 in the US has grown up around tech.
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | Don't just assume that default. Remember more than 10% of
             | the US still doesn't have internet, and a shocking portion
             | of the US has smartphones as their only method of computing
             | and would be dumbfounded at a PC.
        
               | mhuffman wrote:
               | Yeah, I don't buy that, unless you are talking about the
               | Amish or someone willfully avoiding technology. And in
               | that case, we are not really losing "future techies" are
               | we?
               | 
               | Regarding the smartphone point, again, you might be
               | talking about elderly people or self-isolated people.
               | Otherwise all people under 50 have used computers in
               | their school classes and would not be dumbfounded at a
               | PC.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | iOS is also great as a software copy protection scheme. You
         | can't have that in an open OS without compromises.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | It's basically like DRM at the device level.
        
         | jon-wood wrote:
         | Assuming enough apps expose functionality through it, Shortcuts
         | is the bridge between walled garden apps and UNIX pipelines,
         | and Apple made a very clever move in making Shortcuts how Siri
         | discovers functionality.
        
           | walterbell wrote:
           | Is there a way to version-control shortcuts and import/export
           | them between devices, especially for those unwilling to use
           | iCloud and associated keyring upload and content scanning?
        
             | jon-wood wrote:
             | Not that I can see, but frankly if you're not willing to
             | use iCloud, give up on Apple devices because it's what
             | makes basically all the good stuff work. (This is not an
             | invitation to get into yet another debate on recent events)
        
               | walterbell wrote:
               | There are enough good iPhone/iPad apps to use Apple
               | devices with self-hosted storage (WebDAV, CalDAV,
               | SMB/SFTP/DLNA, Git).
        
         | ratww wrote:
         | _> the ability to create(!) and combine small specialized tools
         | into something that 's bigger than the sum of its parts_
         | 
         | Funny, the possibility to do that currently exists in a walled
         | garden, for audio apps: https://audiob.us . This is used by
         | creators and live performers, exclusively. I don't think anyone
         | uses applications in this ecosystem for "consumption" purposes.
         | 
         | The problem was never was the current OSs, it was just about
         | app makers not willing or not knowing how to collaborate
         | amongst themselves. It was also never about open vs closed,
         | since AudioBus is proprietary and 99% of the apps that support
         | it are also proprietary.
         | 
         | The thing about UNIX pipes is that they use plain text.
         | AudioBus uses audio. Those are two things that naturally impose
         | limitations. Developers seem ok with those "natural
         | limitations" but whenever you want to impose limitations to
         | something else you immediately get pushback.
         | 
         | You wouldn't be able to do that in a business CRUD app for
         | example. The amount of wheel-reinvention is too big on those,
         | compared to audio/video/unix-tools.
        
         | zepto wrote:
         | > The "walled garden app ecosystem" is exceptionally bad for
         | this, and the UNIX shell is exceptionally good, but both are
         | extremes.
         | 
         | Very true.
         | 
         | > It's hard to imagine how a UNIX-like flexibility can be
         | achieved inside an ecosystem that's optimized for passive media
         | consumption and online shopping though.
         | 
         | Unix-like flexibility is also extremely insecure and easy to
         | screw up.
         | 
         | It's fairly obvious that the App Store ecosystem can and is
         | becoming increasingly flexible. Things like shortcuts and
         | safari extensions are obvious examples.
         | 
         | Unix-like flexibility will likely _never_ come to iOS, nor
         | should it, but it's easy to imagine a steady drumbeat of easy
         | to use managed points of flexibility that ultimately provide
         | 80% of what people use Unix-flexibility for but without the
         | insecurity or brittleness.
         | 
         | It's not so easy to imagine how ease of use, security and
         | robustness can be retrofitted to unix any other way.
         | 
         | Remember iOS _is_ Unix. It's just a matter of what they build
         | for end users.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | Are Windows, Linux and MacOS really better platforms for lots
         | of tasks, performed by mainstream and professional users for
         | daily tasks, principally because they are used to pipe text
         | between command line tools? This is delusional.
         | 
         | I have good news, iOS user's productivity woes are solved.
         | Using iSH you can pipe text between command line tools all day
         | every day. Finally the power of the iPad is unleashed!
        
           | imiric wrote:
           | This must be sarcasm... There's much more to being productive
           | with an OS than piping text on the command line in an
           | emulated and highly restricted environment. The command line
           | is a management interface to the OS, not a sandbox you get to
           | play in with the tools the manufacturer allows you to.
           | 
           | I would like seamless interoperability between CLI and GUI
           | apps, a unified file system, the ability to run virtual
           | machines, containers[1] or maybe just nginx[2].
           | 
           | And then you have the usability issues of the iPad(OS) like
           | external displays being mirrored only, or only recently being
           | able to actually access files from a USB drive...
           | 
           | The iPad is a great media consumption device, that has some
           | limited professional use (art, video editing maybe), but
           | let's not fool ourselves that it's anywhere near being a
           | replacement for a fully functional computer.
           | 
           | [1]: https://github.com/ish-app/ish/issues/63
           | 
           | [2]: https://github.com/ish-app/ish/issues/137
        
           | flohofwoe wrote:
           | The text piping is just one small part and not the most
           | important, instead its about sharing and processing any type
           | of data with small tools that can be combined like lego
           | blocks (and if there isn't the right lego block for a problem
           | you can build your own). The UNIX shell is just one very
           | primitive implementation of that idea (and yet it's still
           | much more powerful than anything we have on iOS or Android).
           | 
           | In the "mobile app ecosystem", each application is more or
           | less an island. It _would_ be possible to achieve something
           | similar on iOS /Android devices, but the entire "value
           | proposition" of walled garden ecosystems isn't compatibel
           | with this idea of open and creative computing. One
           | prerequisite is that I actually own my device and can do
           | anything I want with it, without the platform owner getting
           | in the way.
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | On iOS now we have all the same interchange mechanisms
             | between applications we have on desktop. Decent file
             | management, rich content cut-and-paste, side-by-side
             | applications. Share sheets are great.
             | 
             | The main limitation is the interaction model, and that's
             | just down the the mechanics of touch interfaces. Firstly
             | fingers are imprecise big fat squishy blobs. Secondly the
             | tablet form factor doesn't afford a large physical
             | keyboard. These are the impediments and they're just facts
             | of the form factor. the new multi-tasking interface in
             | iPadOS looks like a great step forward, but it's always an
             | issue.
        
         | adrusi wrote:
         | That's just it. The future is very likely most people using
         | iPad-like devices. They will need some kind of keyboard, so I'm
         | not sure it's going to be tablets mostly, but the software will
         | resemble that of smartphones.
         | 
         | But no desktop operating systems are well suited to being used
         | primarily by professionals, not even Linux. The desktop
         | paradigm is fine, but it was designed with the idea of making
         | computers more accessible, and it inhibits composing different
         | pieces of software together, which is what a professional-first
         | operating system should optimize for.
         | 
         | I'm not sure how viable a good professional OS is. It would
         | arguably require graphical software vendors through the biggest
         | design paradigm shift in their history, to serve a relatively
         | small market. The transition to the desktop paradigm wasn't as
         | demanding -- you just switched from taking control of the
         | graphics hardware and controlling the entire screen to doing
         | basically the same thing, just with the OS as a proxy so that
         | you're rendering to a smaller rectangle. Composable graphical
         | interfaces means abandoning the idea of having complete control
         | over your rectangles.
        
           | f6v wrote:
           | > But no desktop operating systems are well suited to being
           | used primarily by professionals
           | 
           | I love macOS and I'm a professional. I mean, I get paid for
           | what I do. I'm a professional, right?
        
             | adrusi wrote:
             | Well it's roughly as good as your other two options, none
             | of which are terrible. I'm not trying to insult the people
             | who use.. literally any operating system available today.
             | 
             | But surely you can imagine ways that macOS could be better
             | suited to your needs. Why (to give an example that's easy
             | to explain briefly, not necessarily the most important one)
             | are the various things you have open organized primarily by
             | which application can open them, instead of which task
             | they're relevant to? You can organize your browser tabs by
             | task by using multiple windows, but why can't those windows
             | hold anything relevant to the task they represent _except_
             | browser tabs? Why can 't you have your terminal and text
             | editor grouped with your webpages? It's because less
             | sophisticated users expect each window to belong to exactly
             | one "application," and because software vendors assume that
             | their job is to make self contained "applications," and not
             | composable graphical components.
        
               | woah wrote:
               | You can use separate desktops. I don't bother though
        
               | adrusi wrote:
               | Yes. And yet people who use workspaces still use windows
               | with multiple tabs, and have the layout of windows in the
               | workspace dictated by application-level sorting.
               | 
               | I actually used a desktop that let you group content from
               | different application in the same group of tabs for a
               | couple years in college, by using i3/sway and a custom
               | Firefox extension. It's an upgrade over just workspaces.
               | I stopped working this way because I switched to tree-
               | style-tabs and there's no window manager that gives you
               | anything like that, and it was on net a workflow
               | improvement.
        
           | diegof79 wrote:
           | > The desktop paradigm is fine, but it was designed with the
           | idea of making computers more accessible, and it inhibits
           | composing different pieces of software together,
           | 
           | The Xerox Parc and Smalltalk are the ancestors of today's
           | WIMP UI. If you look at Squeak (or Pharo) you'll see how is
           | possible to make a desktop UI that's more composable than the
           | usual Unix shell. The problem is not the desktop paradigm,
           | but a lack of commercial interest.
        
             | adrusi wrote:
             | I wouldn't call smalltalk systems part of the same paradigm
             | as mainstream desktops, although if historians call them
             | both desktops then we can use that name for both.
             | 
             | I think we can do better than squeak/pharo, but they're
             | fine, really. They're at least the kind of thing I'm
             | talking about.
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | The Unix shell was exceptionally good for its time. Powershell,
         | IMHO, go it right by not sending strings but objects around.
         | This gets you around the issue of spaces and means you can send
         | more than one value.
         | 
         | I haven't been able to play with the shortcuts functionality
         | because I don't have an iPhone, but if it is what I think it is
         | it, it is a powerful tool to do things with.
         | 
         | We shouldn't fail to acknowledge that most, if not all, spend
         | more time consuming than creating.
         | 
         | Then you have the group that isn't served with something as
         | powerful as a real computer. My grandparents would be much
         | better served with an iPad instead of a computer, since all
         | they need is a browser and a system to do video calls.
        
           | flohofwoe wrote:
           | And that's exactly why the "great unification" doesn't make
           | sense.
        
       | indymike wrote:
       | It's no surprise that inexperienced computer users can get more
       | done with a mobile UI than a MacOS (or for that matter, most
       | classic computer UIs). The big difference is that to operate a
       | mobile device, you don't have to be able to read and understand
       | what the words mean. That doesn't mean a mobile UI is the right
       | one for every laptop, or for a Macbook.
       | 
       | We've seen many tries at unifying the design language between
       | mobile and computer. ChromeOS, Windows 10, Android Desktop Mode,
       | Ubuntu's Unity all are mobile/desktop UIs. What makes them work
       | (to the extent they do work) is that most devices have touch
       | screens (well, not so much with Android in desktop mode). Without
       | the touch screen, optimizing the shape of UI components for touch
       | is actually a bad experience as a pointing device works very
       | differently than does a touch screen.
        
       | mohanmcgeek wrote:
       | If the latest iPhone chip is as powerful as the Intel chip used
       | in MacBooks, why shouldn't I be able to connect a hdmi to usb c
       | cable to my phone and get a full MacOS machine on the external
       | display? (Like Samsung dex does this or so did Ubuntu phone from
       | 2014-15?)
       | 
       | Same question with Android phones and Chrome OS.
       | 
       | What's the technical challenge?
       | 
       | I feel the only reason Apple won't do it is because then instead
       | of buying 2 to 3 devices, people would buy just one, which will
       | hurt their revenue. (Doesn't explain why Google won't)
        
       | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
       | They can't get rid of a general purpose OS. They have to have
       | products that allow you to write software for the iDevices, and
       | web applications, in general. You need macOS for these things.
        
         | danielrhodes wrote:
         | Virtualization.
         | 
         | I have never needed to access the shell on my iPhone. But to do
         | dev work I obviously need it on my Mac. But if you look at the
         | rise of Docker and other such things, running stuff on the core
         | OS is not always very optimal. It would be just as good to have
         | a virtualized machine in whatever OS I want and be able to take
         | that around with me. When I can have that, I don't really care
         | how locked down they make the OS as long as I can stay
         | productive.
        
         | whatever1 wrote:
         | Not really. They can set up cloud boxes for that (with pre-
         | installed libraries and simulators) and let Microsoft, HP, Dell
         | etc serve their beloved developers with crappy low-margin
         | hardware.
         | 
         | All the development goes to the cloud nowadays. The local
         | machine will soon become irrelevant.
        
       | tacker2000 wrote:
       | Maybe the future will be 90% of normal users using dumbed down
       | touch devices, and the rest of us "power" users who need to
       | develop stuff will be using a normal OS.
       | 
       | Maybe the normal OSes that we all grew up with are actually
       | overkill for these other users and they dont even want it. Why
       | would they need a shell? Or the ability to install some arbitrary
       | programs? They only need email and word and thats it.
       | 
       | Maybe this is not a bad thing in the end? Who knows.
        
         | lisper wrote:
         | It depends on whether you think computers should be tools for
         | empowering people or subjugating them.
        
           | tacker2000 wrote:
           | But isnt that too far fetched? Most people dont care about
           | anything else than checking emails and playing candy crush.
           | They dont think about empowerment or subjugation or changing
           | the world.
        
             | _ph_ wrote:
             | Even if it is not done daily, not being able to tinker with
             | your system is fundamental. You don't have to be an expert
             | yourself, but most computer users know someone with in-
             | depth knowledge or just follow step-by-step instructions
             | from the web or, imagine the concept, a computer book :)
             | This allows a lot of control of your computing environment,
             | you just don't get on an iPad.
        
             | lisper wrote:
             | Beware of self-fulfilling prophecies, especially this one:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learned_helplessness
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | It's sad that we can only think of touch screen interfaces as
         | "dumbed down". The affordances of a touch-centric interface
         | have yet to be fully explored; at least in principle, there's
         | no reason why they could not be made just as capable as a
         | keyboard+mouse.
        
           | canuckintime wrote:
           | It all comes down to text input. Steve Jobs launched the
           | iPhone with only a touch screen but he launched the iPad with
           | a hardware keyboard accessory (discontinued after a year but
           | then reintroduced with the iPad Pro). So with iPadOS it's
           | always really been touch+keyboard and frankly mouse+keyboard
           | is better.
           | 
           | If Apple managed to offer a revolutionary input for the iPad
           | (perhaps subvocalised speech input or a a redesigned
           | touch/pen input) it would be the first step to a touch-
           | centric interface as capable as keyboard+mouse
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | Gestural text input is very much a possibility. It was
             | available on palmtop devices some 20 years ago, and these
             | had far worse touch sensitivity than any modern tablet or
             | even a modern phone.
        
       | chipotle_coyote wrote:
       | I've written about this before, in "The Mac and the iPad aren't
       | meeting in the middle yet":
       | 
       | https://micro.coyotetracks.org/2021/04/21/the-mac-and.html
       | 
       | While I won't repeat myself _too_ much, my basic point is that
       | Apple sees iOS (and iPadOS) devices as application consoles and
       | Macs as general purpose computers, and there is no good business
       | case for changing that any time soon. The Venn diagram of  "users
       | likely to walk over such a drastic change to the Mac" and "users
       | likely to spend boggling amounts of money on Apple hardware" is
       | close to a perfect circle, and the accounting department would
       | probably not be super keen on taking the bet that the increased
       | service revenue from shoving all app sales through the App Store
       | would make up for the last hardware sales. You need 15-30% of a
       | hell of a lot of apps to make up for a single lost 16-inch
       | MacBook Pro sale, let alone a Mac Pro.
       | 
       | Furthermore: given all the radical changes Apple made to the Mac
       | in 2020, that still feels like the "now or never" moment. I wrote
       | back in April that "if M1 Macs and macOS Big Sur didn't lock us
       | into an App Store-only world, it's pretty unlikely macOS Pismo
       | Beach or whatever is going to." Well, it's a year later, and
       | macOS Monterey still isn't. Maybe in a year or two macOS Fresno
       | will come along and prove me wrong, but I'm pretty confident it
       | won't.
       | 
       | The flip side of this is that I don't think iPadOS is going to be
       | opened up. I also wrote that I didn't think we would be able to
       | run macOS apps on M1 iPad Pros the way we can run iOS apps on M1
       | Macs; that's holding true so far, too. I'll note here, though,
       | that the Hacker News crowd has specific ideas about What Makes a
       | Real Computer that I don't think are widely shared by the non-
       | engineer crowd, and that honestly a lot of you don't have a clear
       | idea of how much automation and app interoperability is possible
       | within iOS's restrictions. I _prefer_ using the Mac, in no small
       | part because I 've been using Unix for close to three decades,
       | but it's startling how much I'm able to do on the iPad even with
       | its current nerfball limitations.
       | 
       | And, sure, the obvious objection is that "application console" is
       | arbitrary, and it is. But isn't "game console" just as arbitrary?
       | I mean, a PlayStation 5 has an 8-core CPU with 16GB of RAM; you
       | can't develop software on it because Sony won't let you, full
       | stop. We're more annoyed about that limitation being on the iPad
       | because the arbitrariness feels more obvious, because we didn't
       | buy the iPad "only" for gaming. But on a _technical_ level, there
       | 's not a whole lot of difference.
       | 
       | The linked article makes the prediction that Apple is going to be
       | trying to drive more and more people to the iPad and away from
       | the Mac. I don't buy that, simply because the evidence just
       | doesn't support it. They have literally just reported the
       | strongest quarter of Mac sales in the company's history. It's not
       | just that they're moving to their own CPU architecture, it's that
       | they're in the process of rolling out new industrial designs for
       | the entire Mac lineup. This is not what you do if your business
       | goal is to have Mac sales taper off!
       | 
       | My feeling now remains the same as it did, er, all the way back
       | in April: iPadOS and macOS are never going to merge. _In the long
       | run,_ there is going to be an operating system that replaces both
       | of them, and the groundwork for that new OS is being laid out
       | now. But it 's not going to be here any time soon, and nobody
       | (including me) should be making confident predictions about what
       | that new OS will be -- what it will and won't do, what it will
       | and won't allow, how locked down or open it will be.
        
         | vbezhenar wrote:
         | Locking users in AppStore will not happen for Macs, because
         | users just won't upgrade and buy new hardware. Who needs
         | computer which he can't control. That's absurd. They might hide
         | that switch to enable full control over computer, but that's
         | about it.
        
       | gosukiwi wrote:
       | Funny the author suggests defaulting to showing all apps as if it
       | was mobile. Windows 8 tried that, didn't work out too well.
       | 
       | I do think it would be great to unify though, maybe find a way to
       | keep everyone happy. It would be great to just have an iPad (or
       | any tablet device) and be able to just use a bluetooth mouse and
       | keyboard, and be able to run any IDE, game, or app you want.
       | 
       | As computers get more powerful, it might not even be necessary to
       | have a full-blown desktop PC for regular personal use.
        
       | retskrad wrote:
       | I think iPad is the one product that Apple is the most proud of
       | and it shows. The 2021 iPad Pro is the most sophisticated product
       | in Apple's lineup. It's the smoothest, fastest and most elegant
       | software they have ever made.
       | 
       | I know some people who used to work at Apple and they said it was
       | clear that Apple wanted to let the Mac die and focus primarily on
       | iPadOS and iOS but regular users and professionals kept buying
       | Macs so they were forced to revert their attention to it again.
        
         | john_minsk wrote:
         | I would argue that this is just "timing" thing. If we look far
         | enough into the future I would bet that almost 100% of regular
         | tasks should be done not only on iPad, but on iPhone.
         | 
         | Human comes to work => docks/AirPlays their system to external
         | monitor => does work in browsers/office apps. We are pretty
         | close to this reality tbh. Mostly software is a limiting
         | factor.
         | 
         | As for computer pros...we probably will be forced to use some
         | other vendors(sad) or use remote systems for compute tasks
         | while using our phone/tablet as thin client.
         | 
         | Thanks Apple for not jumping into that train just yet!
        
           | mark_l_watson wrote:
           | Yes indeed, this makes a lot of sense for customers but then
           | Apple would lose money only selling one device to most people
           | (and also maybe a watch).
           | 
           | The last time I visited my Dad, I tried plugging my iPad Pro
           | into his new Apple 6K monitor - really nice! Some apps like
           | Mosh use two displays fairly well.
           | 
           | Even with limited multiple windows, it was nice. Then playing
           | Apple Arcade games on the 6K monitor was visually stunning
           | and fun.
           | 
           | If I had only one device that could function as you and I
           | want it to, it would be an iPhone or new iPad Pro that also
           | functioned as a cell phone. I use the smaller iPad Pro, and
           | it really is portable. Probably an all in one iPhone would be
           | best.
        
           | fallenhitokiri wrote:
           | > Human comes to work => docks/AirPlays their system to >
           | external monitor => does work in browsers/office apps.
           | 
           | This sounds like Samsung DeX?
        
             | OrvalWintermute wrote:
             | OQO had much of this working ~14 years ago, but I don't
             | think it met much of the phone replacement functionality
             | that it would have needed.
        
           | nicoburns wrote:
           | If they would put macOS on iPads or iPhones it could be a
           | reality today, but I see no indication that iOS/iPadOS are
           | going to be suitable for this any time soon.
        
       | tehabe wrote:
       | Depends on what you mean with unify? Apple locked up macOS more
       | and more over the years and I guess or fear, it is just a
       | question of time until you can no longer install apps outside the
       | App Store. After that the difference between macOS and iOS is
       | just the UI.
        
       | memetomancer wrote:
       | I for one ain't bothered: It's clear to me that Apple needs tools
       | to engineer these spectacular devices and there would be little
       | or no sense to them designing away the power of MacOS and landing
       | on a product range limited to simple consumption. Does anyone
       | foresee a time where Apple migrates to something like Lenovo
       | Laptops or Windows or some scraggly Linux desktop environment?
       | Apple won't be losing these tools any time soon. At worst we
       | might see dual mode macbooks that can be switched between MacOS
       | and iOS paradigms.
       | 
       | Above and beyond that fairly self-evident conclusion, there is
       | plenty of room for more sophisticated interaction with iOS
       | devices that maintain the basic interface but also provide
       | extremely sophisticated data manipulation capabilities. Perhaps
       | even more powerfully than our beloved UNIX shells - think
       | something like AI assisted voice interaction where you can easily
       | state a pipeline verbally: "take results from A that contain N
       | and modify them by X and then sort them by I and make a graph and
       | paste it to my document". (e.g., grep | sed | sort | gnuplot |
       | paste >> example.doc)
       | 
       | That sort of thing is potentially just a few iterations away and
       | simultaneously more powerful and more useful than text mode
       | pipes, if only for the fact that the user wouldn't be required to
       | memorize thousands of cryptic flags/switches. The same interface
       | could be used to string these directives together to form scripts
       | and set jobs, etc.
       | 
       | This isn't meant to be a specific prediction, by the way, just
       | one glimpse into the idea space. There are so many good ideas
       | that people haven't had yet... it just staggers the mind to
       | consider the potential. I'm just skimming the surface but surely
       | there are so many ways to marry the insanely intuitive
       | discoverability of something like iOS with the equally awesome
       | power of the UNIX philosophy.
       | 
       | But it's up to us to find them, rather than get inflexible and
       | grumbly and say it can't be done, or Apple is stupid, or whatever
       | nonsense take you might jerk your knee towards ;)
        
         | pininja wrote:
         | I've pretty excited for the day I can do my programming job on
         | an iPad in addition to my laptop. Apple has captured the
         | software engineering market very well. Even the Microsoft F#
         | shop I worked at had Apple hardware on most desks running
         | Parallels or Boot Camp, and the two jobs I've had since were
         | standard-issue MacBook Pro.
         | 
         | The pipeline you described reminds me of Apple Shortcuts - it's
         | easy and useful. Most recently I made a GIF out of a bunch of
         | photos on my phone, which is a simple task that used to require
         | a far from ideal app (ads, black-box that could be hiding
         | analytics and tracking tasks).
        
       | villgax wrote:
       | appleOS
        
       | whywhywhywhy wrote:
       | The signs are all in the air, MacOS will not exist maybe even 5
       | years from now.
       | 
       | The merge will absolutely happen but it will be less of a merge
       | and more of a takeover. iPadOS apps running on MacOS is just the
       | thing to ease you in, eventually at a WWDC down the line the
       | words "Most of our legacy MacOS users are spending most of their
       | time in iPadOS native apps..." and your old versions of Photoshop
       | or whatever will be shifted to be the ones living in the
       | emulation layer like Classic OS9 apps to eventually be removed
       | completely.
       | 
       | If you think I'm wrong, forget your own opinions and prejudices
       | to iPad and walled garden computing and imagine you're an Apple
       | exec who gets to see earning charts, iPhone, iPad and MacOS. One
       | of these things is not like the others in both usage numbers and
       | profit.
        
         | reilly3000 wrote:
         | I'll believe it when Xcode runs on iPad OS without comprise.
        
         | CDSlice wrote:
         | > imagine you're an Apple exec who gets to see earning charts,
         | iPhone, iPad and MacOS. One of these things is not like the
         | others in both usage numbers and profit.
         | 
         | You are correct, one of those is not like the others, but it
         | isn't the Macs. According to their latest earnings report,
         | iPhones made Apple $39.57B, iPads $7.37B, and Macs $8.24B [0].
         | I wouldn't be surprised if iPadOS and MacOS merged in the near
         | future, especially since they are running on the same chips,
         | but it won't be because iPads are the ones making all the
         | money.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.cnbc.com/2021/07/27/apple-aapl-
         | earnings-q3-2021....
        
           | whywhywhywhy wrote:
           | >According to their latest earnings report, iPhones made
           | Apple $39.57B, iPads $7.37B, and Macs $8.24B
           | 
           | These are just device sales right? You have to remember iPads
           | have the App Store revenue and the cream scooping of
           | IAP/subscription revenue of most applications running on
           | them.
           | 
           | Apple doesn't get a cut of my Photoshop subscription on Mac,
           | it absolutely gets a cut when I buy Procreate on iOS.
        
             | shadilay wrote:
             | In this case if the Epic lawsuit is successful and drives
             | down the 30% Apple cut it may save macOs as an open-ish
             | platform.
        
             | schappim wrote:
             | Apple is getting services revenue on the Mac.
             | 
             | At least half the Mac GUI Apps I use are delivered via the
             | Mac App Store. That number moves towards 100% for my non
             | tech friends.
             | 
             | I continue to use iCloud because I have a Mac.
        
         | warning26 wrote:
         | Not necessarily disagreeing, but my key question here is: how
         | will Apple handle lower-level development cases? It's not
         | difficult to imagine a watered-down iPad XCode shipping, but
         | what about the tooling they use to build iOS itself?
         | 
         | After all, Apple has to use _something_ to develop iOS, and I
         | think it 's unlikely they'd create a special in-house operating
         | system for the exclusive use of their OS development teams
         | that's totally different than what they ship to consumers.
        
           | vbezhenar wrote:
           | I'm sure that they could just use Linux for that. I wouldn't
           | be surprised if they're using Linux right now.
        
           | jdavis703 wrote:
           | Why are you assuming iPadOS wouldn't support low-level
           | development?
        
       | simonh wrote:
       | It's amazing to me that Apple made a very strict distinction
       | between touch UI systems and keyboard/mouse UI systems, right
       | from the start, has maintained that rigorously, and has been
       | right all along.
       | 
       | Their competitors and the pundit-sphere saw this as a fatal
       | weakness, but every attempt at unifying touch and keyboard/mouse
       | interfaces failed miserably.
       | 
       | So I'm not concerned about Apple trying to merge iPadOS and
       | MacOS, because they already know it would be a mistake and are
       | sticking to their guns until maybe our eyes and fingers get about
       | 4x as sharp.
        
         | stevenhuang wrote:
         | Is it really amazing? Everyone has been saying the same from
         | the start about wanting separate mobile and desktop UIs.
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | Microsoft's tablet strategy was literally to implement a
           | touch first tablet UI in their desktop OS. Meanwhile loads of
           | companies have been trying to merge desktop UI modes into
           | phones since well before the iPhone. Check out Android
           | desktop mode for a recent example. I remember loads of
           | friends of mine for years telling me 'proper' desktop OSes in
           | tablets would kill the iPad.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | > Their competitors and the pundit-sphere saw this as a fatal
         | weakness, but every attempt at unifying touch and
         | keyboard/mouse interfaces failed miserably.
         | 
         | Only because it wasn't really tried. Heck, GNOME on a
         | touchscreen or tablet PC has a better "unified" touch+mouse
         | interface than any of its competitors on the desktop and mobile
         | side.
        
         | matthewfcarlson wrote:
         | I switched from a windows only company to an apple only
         | company. I generally like macOS but I still touch my screen on
         | my MacBook way too often expect the page to scroll or zoom in.
        
         | MikusR wrote:
         | The only reason there is a sepparation is that it allows to
         | sell you two devices instead of one. That's alo the reason for
         | no multiuser switching on consumer iPads
        
         | jakelazaroff wrote:
         | What do you mean? iPadOS has keyboard and mouse support. Apple
         | sells a first-party keyboard accessory for iPad.
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | Like the pencil these are for specific subsets of use cases,
           | they are not a primary interaction mode but more like
           | specialist support for optional peripherals, the same way
           | desktops support graphics tablets and trackballs. When I
           | described Mac interfaces as keyboard/mouse you didn't say
           | "oh, and also graphics, tablets, trackballs and VR headsets".
           | They're an edge case.
        
           | gjsman-1000 wrote:
           | Yes... but it's still a very touch-focused system. The mouse
           | support on iPad, you'll notice, has very little precision in
           | where you click. It's a round dot like a finger - you can't
           | precisely click a few pixels. They found a way to make a
           | touchpad while keeping the touch focus.
        
       | aj3 wrote:
       | You can hack macOS using macOS, but kids won't be able to get
       | that level of understanding how OS works on iPadOS.
       | 
       | This is bad for IT. Maybe not as dramatic as an existential
       | crisis but it's certainly a lost opportunity.
       | 
       | My friend's daughter is 10 and she could pass job interview for a
       | junior software developer any day simply because her first PC was
       | running Ubuntu (it's Arch now).
        
         | mark_l_watson wrote:
         | Full app development and selling apps in the App Store is close
         | to being released on the iPad. You can use SwiftUI right now in
         | Playgrounds, but Apple has not released app generating
         | functionality yet.
         | 
         | It is a funny feeling working on the same Playground project on
         | both an iPad and MacBook, but it works. The code for reading
         | data files is a bit different, but the iPad dev experience will
         | get better.
        
           | jbluepolarbear wrote:
           | Playground isn't close to full app development; it's very
           | powerful tool, but I don't see many professionals jumping to
           | build on that. Full app development is when Xcode and
           | instruments are available.
        
             | mark_l_watson wrote:
             | Well, let's wait and see. Apple wants it to be easy for
             | semi-technical people to write apps.
        
         | mhuffman wrote:
         | >This is bad for IT.
         | 
         | Maybe for how we do IT. But consider the future where 99% of
         | apps are developed on a tablet or phone (for a tablet or phone)
         | using a cloud web interface with mostly low-code or no-code
         | widget drag and drops.
        
           | still_grokking wrote:
           | Drag and drop HW drivers, or similar, in a cloud IDE? I'm
           | skeptical.
        
             | mhuffman wrote:
             | >Drag and drop HW drivers, or similar, in a cloud IDE? I'm
             | skeptical.
             | 
             | Perhaps you are thinking too "now".
             | 
             | In the future why would you personally need hardware
             | drivers? Any hardware that you subscribe to (ownership will
             | be a thing of the past) would have factory-installed
             | drivers constantly updated from the few reified "real"
             | programmers that work for a few dozen mega-corporations.
             | 
             | For that matter, I could imagine a future where there are
             | only a few dozen hardware drivers approved and any new
             | hardware that is approved to be sold to the public must
             | conform to one of them.
        
               | still_grokking wrote:
               | And "the few reified 'real' programmers that work for a
               | few dozen mega-corporations" are organized in an union.
               | Sounds like fun times!
        
               | rambambram wrote:
               | I just finished reading two articles from Agre and your
               | comments literally make my head hurt now. I'm sorry.
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | And the path to this, is to raise a constant stream of
               | vulnerabilities. Therefore you need a constant upgrade
               | from upstream. Therefore insurances only cover you if you
               | are using a maintained system. And since there are
               | distributions with vulnerabilities, insurances will only
               | insure you for public service if you use a few pre-
               | approved OSes.
               | 
               | Or just use the cloud provider who has all the
               | preapproved workflows. The world just needs a little
               | notch to tip into regulating the provision of services to
               | the public, and at that moment, any independent OS will
               | be dead, and we'll be forever tethered to the cloud.
               | 
               | "He didn't use a safe OS", we'll say, of everyone using
               | an independent Debian version and meeting a
               | vulnerability. "It's only fair he's the hammer fell on
               | him."
        
           | flohofwoe wrote:
           | "Low code" and "no code" solutions have existed for as long
           | as computers exist (for instance to automate tasks, author
           | shaders, or describe simple gameplay logic), yet they were
           | always specialized niche solutions and never replaced
           | "freestyle coding". If such a thing has been tried over and
           | over again for half a century but hasn't had a breakthrough
           | and replaced the alternatives I think it's likely that this
           | also won't happen in the next 50 years.
        
             | dagmx wrote:
             | I feel like many people forget how many "no-code" solutions
             | have existed over the decades. It's been the dream that so
             | many people have chased.
             | 
             | The solutions get better over time, but the issue is the
             | people who can code don't consider them as anything more
             | than toys, while the ones who are empowered by them, now
             | make things they couldn't before.
        
           | scoopertrooper wrote:
           | There's a natural limit to what may be achieved with a low/no
           | code tool. Kids might be able to drag a few elements on
           | screen to create charts and games, but that sort of work
           | doesn't really advance the field.
        
             | mhuffman wrote:
             | >There's a natural limit to what may be achieved with
             | low/no code tool. Kids might be able to drag a few elements
             | on screen to create charts and games, but that sort of work
             | doesn't really advance the field.
             | 
             | Ahhh, who said the point in the future would be to advance
             | the field? That is how we think. Future generations might
             | be content with a few "programming geniuses" and everyone
             | else making simplistic apps for work for fun.
             | 
             | You could see this future coming. It is already onerous to
             | be a desktop developer on Windows or Mac. It is purposely
             | easier to develop and deploy simplistic mobile apps that
             | can be controlled and monitored by the "stores" that
             | distribute them.
        
               | dagmx wrote:
               | Every generation has been okay with having multiple tiers
               | of skillsets and domains.
               | 
               | That's just natural. Even in the early days of computing,
               | you'd definitely have people split between low level and
               | high level code.
               | 
               | The fact is, everytime new technology comes along that
               | reduces the barrier of entry, you're going to have some
               | people who will be lower level developers and many who
               | will be high level due to being able to do things more
               | easily.
               | 
               | You can apply this to most consumer friendly domains.
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | A bit like today, I feel like a toddler playing with Java
               | coloured cubes, while the "real programmers" are the
               | Linux contributors, people who write drivers and so on.
               | Tomorrow it will be 3 layers: The C programmers, the
               | people from Atlassian or Apple who build the platforms,
               | and us, programming with the subset of the language they
               | give us.
        
       | Fiahil wrote:
       | The article does a good job summarizing what works on an iPad and
       | what doesn't ! To that, I will add that iPads are designed as a
       | "single user" device. Sharing one between family members means
       | you have to let them use your Google, Spotify, iCloud accounts.
       | 
       | Now that their hardware is all lined up between laptops and
       | mobile devices, I fully expect the merge to happen in a few
       | years. I feel Apple's software has been stagnant for too long and
       | I won't be buying new hardware until then.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | > I feel Apple's software has been stagnant for too long and I
         | won't be buying new hardware until then.
         | 
         | Odd. I'm still happy to use Mac OS High Sierra ... Yosemite
         | even. I wonder with each OS release why I would even want the
         | upgrade.
         | 
         | Mainly because apps I use (Affinity, etc.) stop working (or
         | stop trying to work) for older versions of Mac OS.
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | > I will add that iPads are designed as a "single user" device.
         | 
         | There are tools available to schools that allow multiple logins
         | on a single iPad. It would be nice if they had something
         | similar for families.
        
       | eddieh wrote:
       | I see a bunch of posts about the iPad being a "consume" only
       | device and that's totally _totally_ wrong.
       | 
       | I've had an iPad since day one, generation one and took notes
       | with an aftermarket stylus. I used Keynote and OmniGraffle to
       | make slideshows and diagrams.
       | 
       | I even bought an Apogee JAM and was able to record my electric
       | guitar in GarageBand and used several other apps for guitar
       | effects and simulated amplification. My favorite was AmpKit+
       | [http://agilepartners.com/apps/ampkit/].
       | 
       | The iPad is a great creator's device and has only improved with
       | the Apple Pencil and other enhancements.
       | 
       | That being said, if Apple keeps moving macOS towards iPadOS I'm
       | out. The iPad is a complementary device as I use it. It can not
       | replace a notebook computer and my notebook computer can not
       | replace my desktop.
       | 
       | There are definitely people that can get by with just an iPad or
       | even just a smartphone, but I can't and will not. There are still
       | many options for non-Apple notebooks and workstations and many
       | more OS options too.
        
         | whywhywhywhy wrote:
         | To me the real question is if a machine running MacOS existed
         | in a Surface-like form factor that had touchscreen and pen
         | support would it be better than the iPad at the tasks you just
         | described.
         | 
         | I'm finding it harder and harder to justify that the divergence
         | even needed to happen at all when more and more iPad users are
         | just interacting with it via keyboard case and trackpad.
        
       | rubyist5eva wrote:
       | As long as I can still sideload the same applications on macOS -
       | I'm OK with this. Even if it's only enabled on the macOS "side",
       | having a unified OS on unified hardware would be huge step
       | forward in my opinion.
       | 
       | Having XCode on an iPad would be convenient as well - though it's
       | not the only IDE I use and would still ultimately prefer a proper
       | laptop/desktop form-factor for "serious" programming.
        
       | canuckintime wrote:
       | Another paradigm not often discussed is to keep iPadOS and macOS
       | distinct but offer macOS as an app (hardware virtualized vm) on
       | iPadOS.
       | 
       | This is a similar transition to MS-DOS on Windows 95
       | (successful), Unix terminal on Mac OS X (successful) or Windows 8
       | desktop program in Windows 8 tablet Metro shell (unsuccessful).
       | 
       | Most people just need MacOSX for 10% of their computing needs --
       | that 10% is unique for most people though -- and an iPad Pro able
       | to access macOS when needed would be enough for peace of mind.
       | 
       | On the flip side if Apple just added cellular and Apple Pencil
       | support to the Mac (not even a touchscreen/pen supported screen;
       | just Apple Pencil support for the trackpad) it would decimate
       | sales of iPad Pro.
        
       | grey-area wrote:
       | IOS will replace Mac OS, the writing has been on the wall for a
       | while now, iOS is where the money comes in and where most usage
       | is, and maintaining dual development apis is painful and costly.
       | 
       | Apple doesn't need to rush this process, but it is inevitable
       | IMO, and is foreshadowed by actions like allowing iOS apps to run
       | on macOS, moving Mac OS closer in UI to mobile, adding essentials
       | like file handling to the mobile os.
       | 
       | At this point the underlying OS is the same, the UIs are
       | converging, the UI frameworks for iOS are almost capable of
       | replacing Mac OS, and it would be relatively easy to merge them
       | in the next few years, keeping some extra layers of UI for macs
       | but merging most of it and certainly the dev frameworks. We may
       | see touchscreen macs or dockable iOS devices first though.
        
         | np_tedious wrote:
         | Hmm. Seems likely in a way, but I don't see how to square this
         | with the professional crowd like software devs
        
         | jbluepolarbear wrote:
         | I think you have it backwards. MacOS is going to replace iOS.
         | Docking is a good reason for that. With the advancements in
         | Apples silicon, we're seeing more and more features from iOS
         | added to MacOS, but not the other way round.
         | 
         | I would love a dockable iPhone, I'd pay a big premium for an M
         | line iPhone that has the full MacOS in dock mode.
        
           | spiderice wrote:
           | Agreed, it's hard for me to imagine any realistic price that
           | Apple could put on that product that I wouldn't pay.
        
           | grey-area wrote:
           | The money and power within Apple have all gone to iOS over
           | the last ten years, and developer interest is now
           | overwhelmingly in iOS. That alone will dictate the direction
           | of travel.
        
             | jbluepolarbear wrote:
             | iPhones are apples leading revenue maker, but it's closely
             | followed by their services. Absorbing iOS into MacOS makes
             | the most sense, they can sell devices that are iOSish only
             | and then sell the premium dockable iPhones with MacOS. It
             | also will help developers focus on a unified platform
             | without alienating them with an entirely new tool suite.
        
               | matthewfcarlson wrote:
               | I think that's the best argument. To point for many
               | people is the services are so good. You text someone on
               | your phone and it shows up on your desktop. Even though
               | macOS doesn't make as much money it makes iOS more
               | valuable
        
       | emsy wrote:
       | In the article, 2 of 3 examples are about consumption. This just
       | reinforces my opinion that the iPad is primarily a consumption
       | device. My wife is a teacher and I asked her if her students, the
       | so called ,,digital natives" hold up to their reputation. She
       | declined and said they were producing TikTok videos and instagram
       | photos at best (which can lead to a creative career but I'd argue
       | that's the exception not the rule). Even if we improve
       | productivity somewhat, it's offset by a huge increase in
       | consumption. I don't see this changing in the near future, mainly
       | because there are no incentives to do otherwise.
        
         | fallenhitokiri wrote:
         | Author here - first of all: I agree. I should have gone a bit
         | more into detail how ,,not sure how she's related" is using her
         | devices. She is also doing actual work for school on the iPad
         | (research and writing papers).
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-08-14 23:01 UTC)