[HN Gopher] The future of long-haul trucking in Europe is electric
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The future of long-haul trucking in Europe is electric
        
       Author : doener
       Score  : 25 points
       Date   : 2021-08-12 19:59 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.transportenvironment.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.transportenvironment.org)
        
       | apendleton wrote:
       | It seems like there ought to be an "... in Europe" at the end of
       | the headline, at least given the evidence they presented. Truck
       | haul lengths are getting shorter in the US as well, but
       | 
       | > Close to 80% of road freight activity in Europe is performed on
       | trips below 800 km
       | 
       | doesn't really apply in the US yet, where the _average_ haul
       | length is still 848km as of 2019[1]. Battery-electric trucks
       | still might end up being the winner here, but there are still
       | lots of hauls in the US where the battery-weight /range tradeoff
       | is likely to be a significant obstacle with current technology.
       | 
       | [1] https://transportfutures.net/navigator-blog/length-of-haul/
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Ok, we've added that to the title. Thanks!
        
       | Johnny555 wrote:
       | That article is about the European trucking industry:
       | 
       |  _Close to 80% of road freight activity in Europe is performed on
       | trips below 800 km_
       | 
       | I suspect that in the USA, the distances are much longer, though
       | I'd really like to see more of our long-haul freight being hauled
       | by rail rather than truck. A lot of the cost of trucking is
       | externalized -- one study says "Freight trucks cause 99% of wear-
       | and-tear on US roads, but only pay for 35% of the maintenance".
       | Trains are already around 3 to 4 times more fuel efficient than
       | trucks... start electrifying rail lines and emissions could be
       | cut even more.
       | 
       | Charge trucks their share of that road wear and trains would
       | become more competitive even if they take longer.
       | 
       | Trucks won't go away, they'll still be needed for the last mile
       | (or last hundred mile) delivery from the train terminal to the
       | customer.
        
         | dantheman wrote:
         | Because of the Jones act we don't rally do shipping between US
         | ports which would be a huge benefit.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ljf wrote:
         | From a link on this page:
         | 
         | Declining Length-of-Haul
         | 
         | Today, the average length-of-haul is just 62 percent of what it
         | was in 2005, decreasing from 800 miles to 500 (Fleet Owner).
         | And the rate of decline appears to be accelerating. Since 2012,
         | average miles driven between pickup and delivery have declined
         | by 26 percent in reefers, 10 percent in flatbed trucks, and 9
         | percent in dry vans (Overdrive).
        
         | kjksf wrote:
         | According to https://www.bts.dot.gov/sites/bts.dot.gov/files/do
         | cs/FFF_201..., the US is the same (see page 15)
         | 
         | 50% of freight (by volume) is under 100 miles. 84% under 500
         | miles.
         | 
         | It'll take years to transition new truck sales to 84% electric.
         | By that time the batteries will improve: cheaper, lighter /
         | more energy dense and therefore we will make trucks that go
         | even more than 500 miles.
        
         | Sevii wrote:
         | A lot of freight is already transported by rail in the US
         | 18-30% depending on who you ask. This seems about on par with
         | or bigger than the fraction of fright that travels by rail in
         | Europe.
         | 
         | Part of the difference is that rail in the US is used mostly
         | for fright whereas people use trains to get around more in
         | Europe. Passenger focused rail vs fright focused rail.
         | 
         | 30% according to railroads.dot.gov.
         | https://railroads.dot.gov/rail-network-development/freight-r...
        
           | User23 wrote:
           | It's easy to forget what a big deal rail is in the USA,
           | because the freight lines successfully lobbied Congress to
           | allow them to eliminate the passenger cards they used to be
           | required to add to the end of their freight trains. Back when
           | that was the case passenger rail travel in the USA was cheap
           | and ubiquitous, because it went everywhere the mail did. E.B.
           | White has a wonderful little essay[1] about it. The full text
           | can be found in the excellent Essays of E.B. White[2].
           | 
           | [1] http://www.sheilaomalley.com/?p=91313
           | 
           | [2] https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/394616.Essays_of_E_B_
           | Whi...
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | The near future of short-haul trucking is electric. The boring
       | but useful Ford Transit goes electric next spring, along with the
       | F-150 pickup. Many companies who have a fenced yard full of
       | company trucks parked all night are likely to go for that. A
       | Level 2 charger at every space, and the fleet sits there and
       | charges at night.
        
       | jet_32951 wrote:
       | Perhaps if the catenaires are only in the rightmost lanes the
       | experience of "elephants fucking" (e.g. a truck moving at 92 kph
       | is overtaking one moving at 91 kph) could be mitigated.
        
       | FpUser wrote:
       | >" will likely reach cost parity with diesel as early as 2025 if
       | the right policy incentives are in place"
       | 
       | Weasel terms instead of honestly telling that we will increase
       | the cost of owning and operating regular trucks until they will
       | become uncompetitive. Nothing's wrong with it if the end benefits
       | outweigh the economic harm. Just please do not insult people's
       | intelligence.
       | 
       | P.S. There is a good chance that sometime in the future batteries
       | tech might improve to the point that makes them competitive for
       | truckers as well but this remains to be seen
        
       | dchuk wrote:
       | I work deeply in heavy duty trucking technology in the US, and
       | literally recently talked to many operators of large fleets about
       | electrification. The only real opportunity for electrification is
       | on short haul, less than ~300mi routes. For electrification to
       | work in long haul (multi-day routes), they carriers will need to
       | re-work how they actually plan freight lines to introduce many
       | more hand off points along the route, which is going to drive up
       | costs all around.
       | 
       | It's solvable, but there's a lot of work left to do. The majority
       | of freight in the US is still basically hauled via brute-force
       | human planning.
        
         | UglyToad wrote:
         | I didn't see it mentioned in the article but is swapping out
         | the battery entirely an option being investigated, i.e. you
         | roll into the truck stop and some process takes the depleted
         | battery and inserts a charged one.
         | 
         | It was discussed on the past for cars but I'd assume it's
         | easier to design for trucks due to their specialised use?
        
           | dchuk wrote:
           | I actually asked that exact question as well recently :)
           | 
           | The problem is that the truck batteries are absolutely
           | massive (4k+ pounds), so while I'm sure it's technically
           | possible, practically speaking, moving around and storing
           | batteries that big and heavy is just not realistic today.
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | Most likely not.. it would be difficult to warehouse, move,
           | charge and redeploy the batteries in typical truck stops. On
           | top of that, with so many different fleets in operation in
           | the US, there's no guarantee there will be the broad
           | compatibility and on-the-road service that you would want
           | when integrating an unknown piece of equipment on your
           | vehicle.
           | 
           | It will likely be more difficult for trucks. The amount of
           | space consumed by the battery is prohibitive, and they're not
           | laid out "below the floor" like they are in a passenger
           | vehicle. They're typically in a large stack behind the
           | drivers cabin, imaging the type of equipment needed to do the
           | swap, I can't see this happening regularly.
        
         | kjksf wrote:
         | According to
         | https://www.bts.dot.gov/sites/bts.dot.gov/files/docs/FFF_201...
         | 84% of freight by volume is under 500 miles.
         | 
         | Do you dispute that?
         | 
         | Tesla Semi will be 500 miles so current technology can address
         | 84% of the market and by the time 84% of semis sold are
         | electric, batteries will be cheaper and more energy dense, so
         | trucks will go even further.
        
         | xwdv wrote:
         | Isn't this an NP hard problem?
        
           | dotcommand wrote:
           | Seems like a straightforward electric truck mileage/range
           | problem.
        
         | blacksmith_tb wrote:
         | For Europe the distances are less daunting - that 300mi (500km)
         | gets you from Paris to Frankfurt, or Milan to Frankfurt.
        
       | mdorazio wrote:
       | As others have already mentioned, this really applies to places
       | like Europe where truck routes are quite short. In the US I'm
       | bullish on hydrogen-powered trucks (fuel cell). It's a technology
       | that doesn't make much sense for passenger vehicles, but does
       | make sense for heavy duty commercial vehicles that can have
       | planned stops and fleet-managed stations.
        
       | unbalancedevh wrote:
       | I don't see this being a big player in the US any time soon. I'm
       | having a hard time imagining the infrastructure required to
       | service recharging all the batteries at truck stops every night,
       | even if the range problem gets solved.
        
       | OldHand2018 wrote:
       | All of the new large battery factories that I've seen make the
       | news are being built as joint ventures between a battery company
       | and an automaker for the exclusive use of the automaker - and the
       | capacity is probably never going to be sufficient for the
       | automaker to sell batteries to 3rd parties.
       | 
       | Do you really gain "economies of scale with passenger cars" if
       | you have to build your own battery factory for your long-haul
       | trucks? Which would never be of the same capacity as the
       | automaker factory?
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | Several European car manufacturers are also truck
         | manufacturers, although there are several that aren't.
        
           | OldHand2018 wrote:
           | Ah, makes sense then
        
       | Baeocystin wrote:
       | Some numbers for the US for comparison:
       | 
       | https://www.capstonelogistics.com/blog/trend-watch-2019-leng...
        
         | ljf wrote:
         | Quote from this link :
         | 
         | Declining Length-of-Haul
         | 
         | Today, the average length-of-haul is just 62 percent of what it
         | was in 2005, decreasing from 800 miles to 500 (Fleet Owner).
         | And the rate of decline appears to be accelerating. Since 2012,
         | average miles driven between pickup and delivery have declined
         | by 26 percent in reefers, 10 percent in flatbed trucks, and 9
         | percent in dry vans (Overdrive).
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-08-12 23:02 UTC)