[HN Gopher] Wikipedia Has a Language Problem. Here's How to Fix It
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       Wikipedia Has a Language Problem. Here's How to Fix It
        
       Author : _Microft
       Score  : 26 points
       Date   : 2021-08-12 16:52 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (undark.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (undark.org)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | kensai wrote:
       | The beauty of Wikipedia is exactly in its plurality. It's perfect
       | in its (contributors') imperfection. As long as the standards of
       | quoting and referencing are kept high, let these minor
       | interpretation differences spark attention so we can promote
       | discussion and interaction.
       | 
       | One Wikipedia to rule them all will only promote the Anglo-
       | narrative (or whichever lingua franca rules at a certain point).
       | Be very careful what you are wishing for, it might very well be
       | Chinese next.
        
         | quanticle wrote:
         | Exactly. I take issue with the article's implicit assertion
         | that English Wikipedia is somehow less subject to manipulation
         | than Wikipedias in other languages. As Ryan Holliday pointed
         | out all the way back in 2012, in his book _Trust Me I 'm
         | Lying_, the PR and reputation management industries _love_
         | Wikipedia. They know that reporters are lazy, so in advance of
         | an interview they 'll go to Wikipedia for the background
         | information, and that information sets the framing that they
         | use for their narrative.
         | 
         | If Wikipedia describes someone as a successful director,
         | they'll get questions about movies they've directed, which
         | actors they enjoyed working with most, etc. That same person
         | described as a failed actor, will get questions about their
         | acting career and why it never seemed to take off. Same person,
         | same accomplishments, two completely different narratives,
         | driven entirely by which facts are more prominent in the
         | Wikipedia article.
        
           | TchoBeer wrote:
           | Clearly they should be described as a "failed actor turned
           | successful director" and anything else is leaving out
           | information.
        
       | eynsham wrote:
       | I am not sure how this would be implemented except by machine
       | translation (probably from English). There are all sorts of
       | problems with this--and since machine translation is already
       | possible, switching to an English and translated Wiki would only
       | really be justifiable if the disadvantages were very few.
       | 
       | 1. Machine translation is highly uneven. The official status of
       | certain languages means we have a large corpus of material from
       | international organisations and multilingual governments. But
       | there are still lots of languages where the corpus is much
       | smaller--even if there are lots of users who contribute (e.g.,
       | Vietnamese.) The quality of these Wikipedias would decline
       | substantially.
       | 
       | 2. A few Wikipedia articles are a joy to read--they are
       | idiomatic, easy to understand, and well-written. Machine
       | translation simply cannot do this properly. This would be lost in
       | every language but English.
       | 
       | 3. What you want in an article probably differs by language.
       | Frames of reference differ: one can probably expect e.g. certain
       | pop culture analogies not to require explanation (or perhaps just
       | a link) in some languages but to require fuller explanation in
       | others.
       | 
       | 4. The use of non-English sources would require much more work.
       | At the moment, a French-language source may appear on French
       | Wikipedia without any translation work. Now, it will only appear
       | if a bilingual editor happens to find it and can be bothered to
       | translate it. The pattern of course is general, and would be most
       | undesirable.
       | 
       | 5. There exist many perfectly good Wikipedia editors who do not
       | know how to write in English, or would lack the confidence to do
       | so. Are we to lose all their contributions? If not, we'd require
       | legions of bilingual editors to verify machine translations from
       | non-English languages. Experience suggests that there do not
       | exist many such editors.
        
       | sleavey wrote:
       | This article talks about non-English Wikipedia sites, but it's
       | worth noting that the co-founder of Wikipedia (the other one, not
       | Jimmy Wales) no longer trusts the English site either.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0P4Cf0UCwU
        
       | Peritract wrote:
       | The article doesn't describe a _language_ problem, but an abuse
       | one - Wikipedia does not have effective tools to deal with
       | misinformation for topics /pages with a small readership/number
       | of editors.
       | 
       | Machine translation doesn't fix that; it changes the nature of
       | the bias and which targets count as niche.
        
       | tablespoon wrote:
       | > But what if we could ensure that everyone across the globe saw
       | the same page? What if we could create one universal Wikipedia --
       | one shared, authoritative volume of pages that users from around
       | the world could all read and edit in the language of their
       | choice?
       | 
       | > This would be a technological feat, but probably not an
       | impossible one. Machine translation has been quickly improving in
       | recent years and has become a part of everyday life in many non-
       | English-speaking countries. Some Japanese users, rather than read
       | the Japanese version of Wikipedia, choose to translate the
       | English Wikipedia using Google Translate because they know the
       | English version will be more comprehensive and less biased. As
       | translation technology continues to improve, it's possible to
       | imagine people from all over the world will want to do the same.
       | 
       | IIRC, Wikipedia _used_ to have a machine translation utility, but
       | they canned it because the results were so bad, and actually had
       | a project to clean up the mess.
       | 
       | I think the issue is that machine translation is _usually_ pretty
       | good, but also frequently introduces significant errors (e.g.
       | missing or misapplying a negation, which totally inverts the
       | meaning of a sentence).
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | aaron695 wrote:
       | > English Wikipedia is considered by many researchers to be
       | almost, but still not quite as accurate as traditional
       | encyclopedias.
       | 
       | This is garbage. No one's claimed this for years. The citations
       | are all over 10 years old.
       | 
       | What is fun and productive is reading Wikipedia in the language
       | relevant to the article. So read about German beers on the German
       | Wiki as well as English.
        
       | h4wzdbf wrote:
       | London Breed is a nazi.
       | 
       | I hope she gets her ass fucked up on the street.
       | 
       | Fucking cunt.
        
       | Chico75 wrote:
       | My impression was that wikidata was the main answer to this
       | problem by centralizing all the facts in a central database to
       | avoid each page having its own data and sources, but I can see
       | how there is much more than the data at stake.
        
         | tablespoon wrote:
         | > My impression was that wikidata was the main answer to this
         | problem by centralizing all the facts in a central database to
         | avoid each page having its own data and sources, but I can see
         | how there is much more than the data at stake.
         | 
         | IIRC, Wikidata doesn't centralize "all the facts," it just
         | centralizes the basic infobox data, which is only a small part
         | of any article
        
       | crazygringo wrote:
       | I've often wondered if it would be not just possible, but user-
       | friendly, to write in a way that guarantees machine translation
       | is 100% accurate.
       | 
       | Specifically, imagine you write a few sentences in English. Then
       | when you hit "publish", it would look for the potentially
       | amibiguous parts of your sentences, and then give you "nearby
       | synonyms" for you to select which one you meant. It wouldn't
       | change the text in your source language, but it would remove the
       | ambiguity so all the output translations would be correct, no
       | guessing.
       | 
       | It would do things like ask which noun "it" referred to since
       | some languages have male/female versions, ask for clarification
       | of verb tenses as necessary, etc.
       | 
       | After all, the hardest part of machine translation is inferring
       | meaning. If that part could be guaranteed to work accurately, it
       | seems like machine translation could become a ton more useful.
        
         | yorwba wrote:
         | Abstract Wikipedia is kind of trying to do this, but using
         | structured data instead of English.
         | 
         | https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Abstract_Wikipedia
        
       | rootsudo wrote:
       | Disagree entirely on Japanese translating the English wiki - that
       | is too many steps and most people do not do that. Also within
       | Japan, SEO and such always put Japanese content first (especially
       | on google.) vs en.wikipedia.org.
       | 
       | The article is touching heavy on Japanese and if you do not have
       | a basic fluency of the langauge, it's easy to jump to
       | conclusion...
       | 
       | Alongside, same with the renaming of Nanjing - what if the
       | government renames the incident and it becomes the status quo?
       | What is the source of truth?
       | 
       | Machine translating one "wikipedia" is also wrong, because
       | context is removed, and having English be the language of truth
       | and all other languages translate from it - you'll miss out on
       | many things, especially words that do not have a specific English
       | translation.
       | 
       | The article is poorly written and documented.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > Alongside, same with the renaming of Nanjing - what if the
         | government renames the incident and it becomes the status quo?
         | What is the source of truth?
         | 
         | The "source of truth" should be scientific consensus, not
         | government decrees and policies.
         | 
         | The problem is obvious: it takes a _lot_ of resources to
         | determine what the consensus is on hotly debated topics.
        
           | philwelch wrote:
           | "Scientific consensus" is easily gamed by any authority with
           | enough power to influence the scientific community.
           | 
           | In the crudest version of this, any scientists who publicly
           | disagree with the "consensus" are thrown into gulag. In more
           | refined versions, they are excluded or expelled from the
           | field, sometimes by activist mobs. The problem with the more
           | refined version is that it's intentionally difficult to
           | distinguish honest and qualified dissidents from kooks unless
           | you know enough about the actual science.
           | 
           | Consensus is a social and political phenomenon, not a
           | scientific one.
        
           | quanticle wrote:
           | What is the "scientific consensus" on the name of a city?
           | When the government of India decides to rename Calcutta to
           | Kolkata, then has the "scientific consensus" on the name of
           | the city shifted?
        
             | 908B64B197 wrote:
             | It's what the inhabitants calls it.
             | 
             | Calcutta, Pondicherry and Pekin were "best attempts" by
             | Europeans to transcribe the sounds from the locals that
             | were relayed to them by illiterate sailors.
        
           | lwouis wrote:
           | See my sibling comment. You don't need a consensus. You can
           | list multiple perspectives and have them coexist. That's how
           | we have to do with religion for example. There can't be a
           | consensus there clearly, so we share all perspectives. Facts
           | of life such as what's on Wikipedia should be edited as well
           | as narrated by a variety of sources so that it represents the
           | diversity of humankind
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | The question if something was a "massacre" or an "incident"
             | or if a Nazi installation was a
             | "concentration/extermination camp" or a "collection camp"
             | is _not_ something that allows coexistence or diversity.
        
         | pavon wrote:
         | The article also assumes there is one audience which is also
         | false. The English language page for a Japanese subject will
         | inherently need to describe things differently for a western
         | audience to understand than the Japanese language page would.
         | Trying to merge these would make things worse for both
         | audiences.
        
           | TchoBeer wrote:
           | Do you know of any examples where the English version of a
           | wikipedia article has a more "Western" explaination whereas
           | the Japanese version has a more "Eastern" one?
        
         | lwouis wrote:
         | She seems to dream of this "one absolute source of truth".
         | There is no universal truth. The best way to know something is
         | to know as many perspectives on it as possible. In her example
         | of "massacre" changing to "incident", both are descriptions
         | that groups of people find appropriate.
         | 
         | You open a left-wing journal and read about what people in that
         | bubble think of the world. You open a right-wing journal and
         | read a different perspective.
         | 
         | Plurality of information and perspective gives you the richest
         | knowledge. Not some Orwellian universal truth that some
         | committee/government approved.
        
           | selfhoster11 wrote:
           | There is universal truth (though there may be many
           | perspectives - some biased purposefully, some merely
           | imperfect), and that truth is rooted in the fact that the
           | real world is an objective thing that exists. Claiming that
           | "there is no universal truth" just feeds the recent concept
           | of "alternative facts" and lends validity to absurd
           | worldviews that don't take the objectivity of the physical
           | world as foundational feature.
           | 
           | I agree that it's good to try to see things from various
           | angles, but "there is no such thing as universal truth" seems
           | like a very damaging idea.
        
           | philwelch wrote:
           | But at the foundation, there _is_ a universal truth. Whether
           | you describe something as a  "massacre" or an "incident" is a
           | moral judgment, but whether the event happened in the first
           | place is a fact that continues to be true regardless of the
           | strength of anyone's delusion to the contrary.
           | 
           | Plurality of information and perspective gives you the
           | richest knowledge because (a) the knowledge of which
           | judgments different people apply to the same facts is a fact
           | in itself and (b) all sides lie and omit information to
           | further their own agenda, so you have to try your best to
           | interpolate the universal truth from what everyone else is
           | saying.
        
       | Decabytes wrote:
       | I know Esperanto isn't the greatest language in the world. It has
       | its problems like other languages. But I feel like this is a good
       | use case for it. I've heard of Esperanto being a good
       | intermediate language to translate things into due to it being
       | much more regular of a language. There have even been
       | investigations in using it in Machine learning.
       | 
       | It would be easier for someone to pick up, and translate to from
       | their native language compared to other languages, even in cases
       | where your native language had not cognates with Esperanto. Then
       | since its grammar is regular it could be translated into another
       | language with less effort. A benefit of using Esperanto as
       | opposed to inventing a new language is that it does have some
       | traction. There are websites and apps that teach it. It's on
       | google translate, mozilla common voice etc. It is not completely
       | unfamiliar, and it is not tied to any one nation. This
       | simultaneously avoids the social issues that would inevitably
       | arise if English were used, while also building off of an already
       | established (and over 100 year old language). It also has support
       | from countries who have had difficult relation ships with the
       | U.S.A for example Radio China has a 1 hour broadcast in
       | Esperanto, Cuba has a broadcast, and other countries as well!
       | 
       | I've been learning Esperanto for a couple months and it has been
       | fun. While the community is small it is definitely enthusiastic.
       | It's #35 on wikipedia with over 300k articles, has both a normal,
       | and meme(memeo) subreddit, and a large Telegram group (over 1k
       | members).
       | 
       | 1.
       | https://www.proquest.com/openview/dfaf840b0267d1bb8a38d9d719...
       | 2.
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_Language_Translati...
       | 3. http://esperanto.cri.cn/2521/more/2622/more2622.htm 4.
       | https://esperanto.net/en/esperanto-broadcasts/ 5.
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias 6.
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/Esperanto/
        
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       (page generated 2021-08-12 23:02 UTC)