[HN Gopher] Apple's Mistake
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Apple's Mistake
        
       Author : feross
       Score  : 932 points
       Date   : 2021-08-09 15:47 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (stratechery.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (stratechery.com)
        
       | aeoleonn wrote:
       | Sooo... once child predators switch from iphone to a regular
       | camera ... then what, Apple? Fuck everyone's privacy though?
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Well, the idea is they have to share it. If you scan their
         | Gmail, scan their iCloud, get Sony/Canon/Nikon to scan when
         | copying off the camera, get Windows and Mac OS to scan images
         | on copy, you can constrain them.
         | 
         | It will be interesting what the effect on sexting will be once
         | we know that some Apple employee can look at you naked because
         | the tool mismatched.
        
       | tartoran wrote:
       | For whoever thinks they are fine and have nothing to hide, think
       | about the clock cycles that the scanner consumes on your phone's
       | cpu slowing it down and draining the battery if it scans when not
       | plugged in. Second, this will classify and extract metadata from
       | your own private photos, receipts, photo of your router's
       | password on it and so on. This is not only a privacy concern but
       | abusive move from Apple. Windows does all kindof of shady things
       | under the telemetry pretext, now Apple's doing this. What I hope
       | is more smartphone opensource options.
        
       | J253 wrote:
       | I'm no expert in all things Apple, but this whole thing seems, to
       | me at least, pretty un-Apple like. It would be easier to
       | rationalize if this was actually a directive from, say, a certain
       | large nation who said "if you want to continue to do business
       | here, implement this capability" and what we're seeing is Apple
       | trying to spin it as a feature or in some sort of positive light.
        
       | grouphugs wrote:
       | fascism
       | 
       | alt-right
       | 
       | right-wing
       | 
       | being a corporation
       | 
       | 100% failing at privacy and security on purpose for fascist
       | interests
       | 
       | ruining the hong kong uprisings in favor of fascist and alt-right
       | interests
       | 
       | we can keep going
       | 
       | fuck everyone that supports these people forever
        
       | thow16161 wrote:
       | My friend is a camgirl and OF girl. I take most of her pics and
       | vids on my iPhone. So I have thousands of nudes of her on my
       | phone.
       | 
       | She's 24, but could pass for much younger. I'm paranoid that I'll
       | get flagged.. Especially since all of her tik-toks with any skin
       | shown, or any drinking get flagged.
        
         | YokoSix wrote:
         | It's the same as with parents photographing their naked babies
         | in the bathtub. Those images won't be flagged because they
         | aren't in the database provided to Apple. Only verified illegal
         | photos should be in the database. So you and your girlfriend
         | will be fine.
        
           | Hackbraten wrote:
           | Until one of the OF patrons mistakes her for a minor, reports
           | the images, and their hashes somehow end up in NCMEC's
           | database.
        
           | kickopotomus wrote:
           | > Those images won't be flagged because they aren't in the
           | database provided to Apple
           | 
           | This is not accurate. Apple is using perceptual hashes. If
           | the features of an image are close enough to an image in the
           | NCMEC database it may generate a matching hash.
        
             | yakkityyak wrote:
             | Not defending the new tech by any means, but you'd have to
             | have enough matches to exceed some hidden threshold, which
             | would first trigger a manual review by Apple. It seems very
             | unlikely to have your own family photo result trigger
             | anything.
        
               | ByteWelder wrote:
               | The problem with that is that the threshold is unknown,
               | so it could be 2 or 3.
        
           | tiagod wrote:
           | These are perceptual hashes though.
           | 
           | What if you take a picture of your naked baby in the bathtub
           | or your child on the beach, and the picture is very similar
           | to a known CSAM picture with a hash in the database, enough
           | to pass the distance threshold they're using?
           | 
           | The picture would be sent for screening, the Apple screener
           | would indeed say that's a naked baby/child, and soon enough
           | you've got the FBI (or whatever is the equivalent in your
           | country) knocking on your door and arresting you for
           | pedophilia.
        
           | echohack5 wrote:
           | > Only verified illegal photos should be in the database.
           | 
           | Considering PhotoDNA, the source code of Apple's
           | implementation, a 30-year Ph.D. level in cryptographic
           | knowledge, and the processes by which neuralMatch actually
           | run are unavailable to the OP, I think OP is justified in the
           | minor paranoia of not wanting to be falsely accused of owning
           | CSAM.
           | 
           | That's precisely the problem with Apple's announcement here.
           | You can't apply common sense to an algorithm and dragnet-
           | style surveillance.
           | 
           | I doubt even Apple specifically knows precisely how things
           | will turn out with this system.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | klelatti wrote:
       | This is (rightly) causing enormous damage to Apple's brand and
       | undermining one of the key messages they are using to promote the
       | iPhone. What is more I'm sure Apple's executive team would
       | realise that this would be the case.
       | 
       | I can't help but feel that someone has wielded a 'big stick' to
       | get Apple to do this. If not it's a huge misjudgment.
        
         | taylorhou wrote:
         | although I'm a HN reader, I'm in the camp of "since this
         | doesn't affect me personally (unless apple's algo's mislabel my
         | kids photos as offending), apple is helping make the world a
         | better place" - not enough to make me switch away from the gold
         | standard of today's "smartphone experience"
        
         | nonbirithm wrote:
         | I think that so long as there is an argument for arresting
         | people that possess child pornography that the negatives will
         | outweigh the positives in the eyes of the people in charge.
         | Preventing child abuse was more important than everyone's
         | complete privacy in Apple's opinion. Maybe it was because one
         | is directly related to the outcome of a human life and the
         | other is a nebulous construct to most people except those in
         | the technology sphere. But those were ultimately Apple's (or
         | the government's) values in this case.
         | 
         | I don't think that the phrase "giving up some amount of privacy
         | to stop child abusers" will sound unreasonable to enough other
         | people that don't really understand privacy. The damage to
         | Apple's brand seems to be coming mostly from technologists and
         | the privacy-conscious. Even if only a handful of people are
         | justifiably arrested because of this change, making the
         | tradeoffs not worth it in their eyes, there are still many
         | other people who would believe that catching even a few more
         | child abusers was the right thing to do.
         | 
         | Reducing the reasoning to "but think of the children" ignores
         | the fact that there are still reasons that CSAM is declared
         | illegal. It seems that most people on these threads are
         | focusing on the fact that this is a privacy disaster - which is
         | absolutely is - but until there is a viable argument that on-
         | device privacy is more important to the general public than
         | shutting down a market that actively produces evidence of child
         | abuse, I'm pessimistic that this will be walked back.
         | 
         | What is needed are studies correlating the spread of CSAM with
         | actual CSA, but they do not exist. At this point it seems to be
         | taken for a fact. The taboo around the subject appears to have
         | disincentivized the creation of such studies.
        
           | biztos wrote:
           | I can think of excellent arguments for arresting people that
           | are planning terrorist attacks using Signal.
           | 
           | What I can't think of is why scanning everyone's private
           | messages just in case they might be those terrorists is a
           | worthwhile trade-off in any kind of free society.
           | 
           | There are lots of ways to catch the bad guys, and we'll never
           | catch them all no matter what we do. In countries with a
           | concept of individual privacy before the state, there need to
           | be limits on how much the state gets to snoop.
           | 
           | There are plenty of countries without any such privacy, so
           | it's not like we have to guess what the far end of the
           | slippery slope looks like.
        
         | Rd6n6 wrote:
         | A few months ago, everywhere you looked people were promoting
         | apple as the privacy company. It was an amazing amount of viral
         | goodwill and trust
        
         | temp8964 wrote:
         | How do you know this damages Apple's brand? The HN community is
         | very very different from the public regarding to privacy.
         | 
         | Maybe most of the public do not understand privacy in this
         | absolute sense? Maybe even the public support scanning photoes
         | to find child sex abusers?
         | 
         | It could be a fact that the outrage is only among a very small
         | number of individuals. I won't be suprised if the number is
         | small even among tech persons.
        
           | klelatti wrote:
           | Can't see how 'we test all your photos' on your phone works
           | with the whole iPhone protects your privacy message but we'll
           | see.
        
           | monkeynotes wrote:
           | Yeah, I am pretty certain if I asked my friends what they
           | thought of Apple's new photo scanning privacy concern they'd
           | be like "What? Not heard about that" and that would be about
           | it, move on continue loving their iPhone.
        
             | randyrand wrote:
             | privacy is something Apple markets a _ton_ to regular
             | folks. even on billboards!
             | 
             | Apple likely did market research before they chose their
             | ads and decided that privacy was of mass interest.
        
               | only_as_i_fall wrote:
               | The real question is whether they can keep their pro-
               | privacy image intact with this change.
               | 
               | Also, if they don't then does it even matter at this
               | point?
               | 
               | It's possible that even if Apple dropped all pretense and
               | started working with authoritarian governments to
               | compromise reporters the general public in the west still
               | wouldn't care.
        
           | tomjen3 wrote:
           | /r/apple is absolutely furious.
        
             | valparaiso wrote:
             | Most people there are dumb and can't even read what Apple
             | said. They still think Apple is going to scan all your data
             | on iPhone from the start.
        
         | bredren wrote:
         | > This is (rightly) causing enormous damage to Apple's brand
         | 
         | Apple's brand according to HN has already been damaged by too
         | many trade offs: walling off the App Store, the MacOs system
         | disk, availability of stand-alone OS updates and more.
         | 
         | Extreme temperatures and wildfires are to climate change as
         | tangible customer data leaks are to Apple's implementation of
         | security and privacy around its ecosystem.
         | 
         | That is, CSAM scanning does nothing to prompt a 114 degree day
         | in an iPhone user's mind.
         | 
         | Until Americans are hauled into custody the way Belarusians are
         | right now, this will not enter the customer perception of
         | Apple's brand.
         | 
         | And if that future lies ahead, it will be way too late to
         | matter.
        
         | migueldeicaza wrote:
         | There is a big stick coming from the EU (and someone said the
         | same is coming from the UK).
         | 
         | My guess is that Apple designed this privacy protecting system
         | so that they could deliver the solution on their own terms -
         | and perhaps leading the way on how this could be done before
         | they are hit with a cookie-banner-popup-level solution from
         | bureaucrats.
         | 
         | Regardless on your opinion on whether they should scan or not,
         | both the EU and the UK now have a reference design that
         | protects the privacy of people, and still manages to either
         | identify the people that own that material, or make it more
         | inconvenient to own that material.
         | 
         | As we like to say "Deplatforming works", and in this case, a
         | good useful tool for people that own those pictures is no
         | longer available, and they have to resort to jumping through
         | hoops and relying on more inconvient solutions. The later might
         | not solve the root problem, but introduces friction that gets
         | in their way.
        
         | maerF0x0 wrote:
         | I was actually going to switch over to their eco system on the
         | next update. (mostly for the watch, partly for blue bubble on
         | texting-- sadly yes it actually matters in the dating
         | market...)
         | 
         | I'm now certainly not going to and am loudly telling all my
         | friends why.
        
           | spiderice wrote:
           | Surely sticking with Google is not the logical reaction to
           | this. I hate that Apple is doing this too, but Google is
           | still in a league of its own when it comes to violating your
           | privacy.
        
             | maerF0x0 wrote:
             | Definitely all ears for options that still allow TFA apps
             | like authy/okta/google authenticator needed for work.
             | 
             | ie, afaik pureism is not an option
        
         | duckmysick wrote:
         | I'm not sure about the brand, but their stock seems to be doing
         | fine. Barely a dent.
        
         | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
         | I keep on reading that taking steps to prevent CASM is doing
         | "huge damage" to their brand. Or that blocking minors from
         | sending nudes if they are on a child account under their parent
         | is doing huge damage.
         | 
         | Really?
         | 
         | You know some late night comedian is going to do some jokes
         | about pedo's having to switch to android. You think that is
         | damaging to apples' brand?
         | 
         | My guess is some android folks do a follow eventually (as
         | usual).
         | 
         | I'm a parent. Even for those of us who are into privacy etc
         | (yes, I did the early PGP key signing parties, EFF / ACLU stuff
         | etc) I'm having a hard time seeing how this damages Apple's
         | brand. I don't want this crap being sent to my children -
         | PERIOD. If they are on a child account PLEASE screen it.
         | 
         | Folks - pay attention to the kind of laws that will get passed
         | and do get passed. Most folks will throw away a lot of civil
         | rights for these types of issues.
         | 
         | I found the arguments against this surprisingly uncompelling. I
         | saw an HN article about how apple is committing felonies etc -
         | it just didn't seem well founded. And everything is over
         | hyperbolic over the top its insane.
        
           | brandon272 wrote:
           | My expectations from Apple would be scaled way back if they
           | weren't preaching fairly consistently that they treat privacy
           | as a "fundamental human right". They've marketed this as not
           | only a competitive difference but also a moral imperative.
           | 
           | To claim that you treat privacy as a fundamental human right
           | is an extraordinary claim that requires significant effort
           | and action to back up. To me, "fundamental human rights"
           | apply to everyone - all humans - including children.
           | 
           | Their commitment to this was already called into question for
           | several reasons, including their partial commitment to E2E as
           | well as their actions in other countries (i.e. China).
           | 
           | When you give your users privacy with numerous conditions
           | attached indicating all the times they don't have it, you
           | aren't giving them privacy. Full stop.
           | 
           | It's like going to someone's home, having them tell you that
           | they are champions for privacy and then going to the bathroom
           | and seeing a damn camera attached to the wall. "Oh, that,
           | don't worry. I only look at the footage if something gets
           | stolen."
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | You may be conflating two features. 1 - Messages fix. 2 -
           | scanning your entire Photos library and sending hashes to an
           | unaccountable, no oversight nonprofit (NCMEC) to be compared
           | with CSAM hashes - with no way to contest what you send.
           | 
           | 1 is arguably a good feature (though it's very intrusive - it
           | has a benefit).
           | 
           | 2 is a monstrous invasion of privacy. It has no benefit to
           | you, the user, only a massive potential threat.
           | 
           | Finally, the NCMEC is founded by someone who admitted, if he
           | was judged by the own law he helped pass, he'd be considered
           | a sex offender when he was dating his then-girlfriend.
        
             | bzbarsky wrote:
             | > scanning your entire Photos library
             | 
             | The parts of it being uploaded to iCloud, not the whole
             | thing, yes?
             | 
             | > and sending hashes to an unaccountable, no oversight
             | nonprofit (NCMEC)
             | 
             | As I understand it, the whole point is that the hashes are
             | computed on-device and compared to the NCMEC database on-
             | device. Is my understanding incorrect?
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | Your understanding is incorrect. The NCMEC database is
               | unavailable to your device. The hashes are checked by
               | communicating with a server. In particular, only the
               | server ever learns if there was a match, not your device.
        
               | willseth wrote:
               | Wrong.
        
               | krinchan wrote:
               | > The parts of it being uploaded to iCloud, not the whole
               | thing, yes?
               | 
               | This is policy, not capability. The capability is each
               | and every image can be scanned.
               | 
               | > As I understand it, the whole point is that the hashes
               | are computed on-device and compared to the NCMEC database
               | on-device. Is my understanding incorrect?
               | 
               | You are incorrect but also the concern is NCMEC's
               | database's accuracy. Also, going by other NPO's the
               | government has taken an interest in, NCMEC is very
               | exposed to government control. They can easily decide to
               | allow the government to slip a few extra hashes in their
               | database and tell no one. They can do this in exchange
               | for protecting their NPO status, a national security
               | letter, anything. We will never know and if we find out,
               | we will have no way to hold them accountable. Ever.
               | 
               | Anyway, the NMEC database is NDA'ed and a secret. It's
               | not open to review or auditing. It's also grossly
               | inaccurate and nearly useless.
               | 
               | You are taking these points entirely out of context and
               | in a vacuum. It reads a bit bad faith and win an Internet
               | argument at any cost.
        
               | bzbarsky wrote:
               | > This is policy, not capability. The capability is each
               | and every image can be scanned.
               | 
               | Are you familiar with the implementation? If it's in the
               | uploader, then the capability for each image to be
               | scanned sounds like it would involve a bunch of code
               | changes.
               | 
               | But let's posit that the implementation just checks the
               | "uploaded to iCloud" flag and hence this is "just
               | policy". I agree that this is concerning, but I think
               | it's important to distinguish between "could do X" and
               | "is doing X" when describing a situation.
               | 
               | > You are incorrect
               | 
               | I would love to be enlightened here. Can you please point
               | me to an explanation of how my understanding is
               | incorrect?
               | 
               | > but also the concern is NCMEC's database's accuracy
               | 
               | I absolutely share this concern.
               | 
               | > You are taking these points entirely out of context and
               | in a vacuum.
               | 
               | No, I don't think I am. I think there is enough heated
               | rhetoric going on here, with people mis-stating what is
               | actually going on to justify how they feel about it, that
               | it's worth being very clear about what the problems here
               | really are. Otherwise it feels like people are arguing
               | against strawmen and makes it too easy to dismiss
               | concerns that are very pertinent.
               | 
               | The original article for this thread, by the way, does a
               | good job here.
        
               | benhurmarcel wrote:
               | > This is policy, not capability. The capability is each
               | and every image can be scanned.
               | 
               | That capability is in every software/app that has access
               | to your photos and to the internet, on any device.
        
               | ique wrote:
               | > The parts of it being uploaded to iCloud, not the whole
               | thing, yes?
               | 
               | If you leave your phone on default settings, that's all
               | of them. In fact you need to turn off a lot of things.
               | Turn off backups, Photo Stream, Files, Mail Drop, album
               | sharing (make sure you don't accept any invites to shared
               | albums or you will get flagged) and I'm sure there are
               | more iCloud integrations I'm not aware of.
               | 
               | It's actually quite hard to not use iCloud, by design.
        
               | bzbarsky wrote:
               | Thank you, that is useful context!
        
               | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
               | No - the amount of bad info in these discussions has
               | gotten incredible. The more overblown the claims the more
               | trashy the data it seems they are based on.
               | 
               | It's funny, it is literally in the first paragraph of the
               | system overview in terms of how the database of hashes is
               | stored - "which is securely stored on users' devices"
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | You misunderstand what that quote is referring to.
        
               | willseth wrote:
               | No, he's not. Read the documentation. The hash database
               | your photos are compared to will live on your device, and
               | scanning happens entirely on-device.
               | 
               | "Apple further transforms this database into an
               | unreadable set of hashes, which is securely stored on
               | users' devices."
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | Read further down:
               | 
               | > the blinding step using the server-side secret is not
               | possible on device because it is unknown to the device.
               | The goal is to run the final step on the server and
               | finish the process on server. This ensures the device
               | doesn't know the result of the match, but it can encode
               | the result of the on-device match process before
               | uploading to the server.
        
               | willseth wrote:
               | This is a confusing paragraph, but the "final step" is
               | not matching per se. The final step _reveals_ whether a
               | match occurred - but it 's clear that the database exists
               | on-device and the database _lookup_ occurs on-device.
               | 
               | Note the last part: "... but it can encode the result of
               | the on-device match process before uploading to the
               | server." The result of the match already exists before it
               | is uploaded to the server. This is also made clear in the
               | diagram.
               | 
               | Depending on how you define "matching," it either occurs
               | on-device or _no explicit matching actually occurs_. The
               | server gets a payload for each uploaded image and
               | attempts to use its server-side secret to derive its
               | decryption key from the header. If (and only if) the
               | image _was_ a match - as determined by the blinded on-
               | device comparison - it will now have a key to decrypt the
               | rest of the payload (for review). Note that neither
               | client nor server explicitly compare the real database
               | hash to the image hash. The comparison is absorbed into
               | crypto  "properties."
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | Do you agree with these two statements?
               | 
               | 1. For every image that's scanned, whether matching or
               | non-matching, some data will be sent to the server.
               | 
               | 2. Your phone never learns and has no way to tell which
               | images match and which ones don't.
        
               | willseth wrote:
               | Ugh. Feel free to expound any of your vague replies in
               | this thread with actual explanations that make sense
               | under any reasonable interpretation of "on device."
        
             | willseth wrote:
             | > scanning your entire Photos library and sending hashes to
             | an unaccountable, no oversight nonprofit (NCMEC) to be
             | compared with CSAM hashes - with no way to contest what you
             | send.
             | 
             | This is simply incorrect. It's clearly documented how this
             | works. 1) only files about to be uploaded to iCloud are
             | scanned, 2) Apple maintains the hashes for comparison in
             | their servers (not NCMEC), 3) only after multiple photos
             | match is the account flagged for review, 4) they are
             | reviewed by Apple to catch false positives, 5) only after
             | match is confirmed is the account disabled and the user
             | reported to NCMEC, and 6) you can still appeal to Apple to
             | have your account reinstated.
             | 
             | https://www.apple.com/child-
             | safety/pdf/CSAM_Detection_Techni...
        
           | switch007 wrote:
           | > I don't want this crap being sent to my children
           | 
           | You can always not buy your child a device.
           | 
           | Parents will recoil in horror at the suggestion, being told
           | what to do and limiting their child's freedom ! Indeed,
           | welcome to our world, where we suffer huge affronts on our
           | freedom and privacy in the name of "the children".
        
           | zionic wrote:
           | Also a parent, and I couldn't more strongly disagree with
           | you.
           | 
           | We cannot protect our children by building a dystopia for
           | them to grow up in, and normalizing this kind of invasive
           | spyware on every device is pretty much guaranteeing that.
        
           | klelatti wrote:
           | > You know some late night comedian is going to do some jokes
           | about pedo's having to switch to android. You think that is
           | damaging to apples' brand?
           | 
           | No just the start of a whole stream of attacks from WhatsApp
           | / Facebook:
           | 
           | https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/6/22613365/apple-icloud-
           | csam...
           | 
           | Also just read the full range of comments.
           | 
           | The fact that you're saying elsewhere that everyone is
           | misunderstanding and it's all overblown is sort of making my
           | point that it's affecting the brand.
           | 
           | Plus you're saying other firms capture images so that's fine
           | - no! Those other firms haven't made privacy a central
           | feature of their brand.
        
           | tfehring wrote:
           | I agree that the idea of the AG bringing felony charges
           | against Apple employees because of their approach to dealing
           | with CSAM is pretty far-fetched. But the article you're
           | referring to [0] is correct to point out that Apple will be
           | silently exfiltrating unencrypted data from its users'
           | devices to be reviewed by its employees, meaning that they'll
           | be viewing arbitrary content from Apple users' devices
           | without their knowledge or consent. That's not speculation,
           | it follows directly from Apple's explanation of how the
           | system will work, with the only safeguard being Apple's
           | purported one-in-a-trillion false positive rate for the on-
           | device scanning that causes the data to be sent to Apple.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.hackerfactor.com/blog/index.php?/archives/929
           | -On...
        
             | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
             | You are confusing encryption with access to encryption.
             | 
             | Apple ALREADY has access to all you icloud photos. Period.
             | How do you think they offer them to you via website and
             | various sync services.
             | 
             | So they can encrypt them at rest or in transit, but their
             | KMS or whatever gives them access ALREADY to these very
             | same photos.
             | 
             | This illustrates I think how bad this convo has been from
             | the HN side. A lot of bad info out there on this which
             | makes the totally overblown responses even worse.
             | 
             | Heads up - your phone ALEADY uploads photos to iCloud if
             | you let it, and those photos are accessible by Apple
             | ALREADY.
        
               | danielschonfeld wrote:
               | While logical to assume, that's not a given. I think some
               | of us want to believe that the keys to those said images
               | are uploaded encrypted to the cloud. And the ability to
               | sync between devices just means adding more keys to your
               | account. So unless you know something we don't, it's not
               | 100% that they sit unencrypted on Apple's servers, or
               | that they have the keys to decrypt them.
               | 
               | It is sound judgement tho, to assume that they do.
        
             | dev_tty01 wrote:
             | The AG bringing felony charges isn't far-fetched its
             | ridiculous. Does anyone think a trillion dollar company
             | with a giant legal staff hasn't vetted this in a hundred
             | different ways? They are probably going country by country
             | to validate legality. It will not be implemented anywhere
             | they don't find that it is 100% legal.
        
           | hendersoon wrote:
           | Apple's brand won't be sullied until they give-in to a
           | government order to flag other types of illegal images (gay
           | porn in Saudi Arabia, say, or pictures of the Tank Man in
           | China) and are caught doing it.
           | 
           | Apple's rejoinder is that they will simply refuse to do that.
           | And that's great, until you consider that all the iPhones are
           | made in China and China is more than willing to apply immense
           | pressure including but not limited to shutting down Foxconn
           | if they feel strongly about it.
        
             | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
             | Most of the major tech co's have already adapted to China's
             | requests.
             | 
             | That in general means hosting data about chinese nationals
             | in china, usually using state govt controlled datacenters,
             | and making sure the keys to decrypt content are also local
             | and accessible to those state controlled employees.
             | 
             | You should have little to no privacy expectation in china
             | as an example.
             | 
             | For example AWS is careful to use this language about it's
             | china regions: "Amazon Web Services China (Ningxia) Region
             | operated by NWCD"
             | 
             | They used to block KMS services in China as well.
             | 
             | Apple has said it will (generally) follow the law in the
             | countries it operates in. Until we say apple can make its
             | own laws that is probably what it'll have to do.
        
               | hendersoon wrote:
               | Apple already acquiesced to China in that manner, yes.
               | They store all iCloud data in China and they gave the
               | Chinese government the encryption keys.
               | 
               | This is a bit different in that they're scanning files on
               | client devices, /not/ solely in the cloud.
        
           | friedman23 wrote:
           | >I found the arguments against this surprisingly uncompelling
           | 
           | I think it just goes to show that people don't actually care
           | about privacy and civil liberties. You can't argue against
           | "think of the children" without being labeled heartless or a
           | pedophile so no one with true influence will argue against it
           | since nobody wants to die on the child porn hill. This is
           | what happens when your thought leaders are all cynical and
           | value money and power above all else.
           | 
           | While I'm a privacy advocate I could see that the arguments
           | were fruitless. The popular conception of the constitution
           | today is that it is a joke. People mock liberties like
           | freedom of speech so you just know privacy is something
           | people do not care about.
        
             | temp8964 wrote:
             | People do care about privacy, but not in that absolute
             | sense. You think privacy is 100% or 0%, but vast majority
             | of the public don't think so.
        
               | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
               | exactly. This seems a pretty low intrusion way to deal
               | with a somewhat important issue to a lot of folks. They
               | already had access to these icloud photos on icloud, this
               | was in a way something to keep the scanning OFF their
               | servers.
               | 
               | I really continue to doubt this is going to have huge
               | damage to apple's brand. More likely - others will rush
               | to copy this (or be forced to by govts elected by people
               | who want this).
        
               | friedman23 wrote:
               | So you would be in favor of installing cameras in all
               | homes that detects child abuse, murder, and rape in an
               | automated fashion? It can use microphones to detect
               | people in distress. This would prevent many more heinous
               | crimes than what apple is proposing we do and it will
               | only be used for detecting horrible acts.
               | 
               | By your logic this would be acceptable and we could all
               | still claim to value privacy.
        
               | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
               | We are discussing a specific set of technologies.
               | 
               | That said, camera's are already spreading pretty quickly
               | (check out ring doorbell and friends) and homeowners are
               | voluntarily registering these with local police
               | departments.
               | 
               | So yes, people don't mind if they are recorded going into
               | and out of their own house and voluntary let police
               | review this footage.
               | 
               | Again, I think folks are overstating the "huge" damage to
               | apple's brand.
        
               | friedman23 wrote:
               | People haven't had ring forced on them inside their homes
               | yet.
               | 
               | Like I said in another comment, the principle is whether
               | forcing surveillance on people to prevent crimes is ok.
               | The set of technologies is irrelevant, Apple is going
               | through personal information that has not been
               | voluntarily shared with the public by the content owner
               | to detect criminal activities. I don't see how that is
               | different from installing microphones and cameras inside
               | people's homes with the passive ability to detect crime.
               | Why can't a landlord install this kind of technology in
               | their tenant's apartments?
        
               | temp8964 wrote:
               | I don't think so. This is a case by case reasoning. There
               | is no straight logic leads to jumping from scanning
               | iCloud photos to installing cameras in homes.
        
               | friedman23 wrote:
               | The principle is that it's fine to install surveillance
               | if we are preventing horrible things from happening.
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | As I, and a small minority have pointed out for years: Apple's
         | privacy marketing has always been fake; this is a PR failure
         | more than it is a technical failure. I had nearly given up on
         | hacker news because this idea had been so controversial here in
         | the past, and I'm not sure I should have stayed since it took
         | this long for everyone to notice.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | wayoutthere wrote:
         | You're right; this feels like a "do what we tell you or we go
         | after you for <insert any of a thousand things Apple is guilty
         | of>" situation.
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | > This is (rightly) causing enormous damage to Apple's brand
         | 
         | Is it, really? I think they feel this will blow over.
        
       | karaterobot wrote:
       | Historically, taking a position against measures which (even if
       | only nominally) stop CSAM because they have abstract, negative
       | privacy consequences is difficult. Try to explain to the average
       | person why Apple's decision here is ominous, and the first
       | question you'll get is "wait, why do you want to protect child
       | abusers?"
       | 
       | I've been getting angry about this for the last week, and am just
       | now getting to the point where I can accept the reality that the
       | snowball is already rolling. The government isn't going to step
       | in and prevent this, unless it's to make the backdoor larger, and
       | nobody who was going to buy an iPhone or use iCloud is going to
       | stop because of this. So, it's done. Apple will put a backdoor on
       | your phone and yes, and _obviously_ that backdoor will eventually
       | be used for things beyond the scope of what they 're telling you
       | now.
        
       | fassssst wrote:
       | Perhaps Apple should add "at home iCloud server" support to Macs
       | so you can selfhost your personal iCloud, and keep all your data
       | on your own property with easy UX.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | It feels like unreasonable search and seizure. That's my property
       | that is being searched constantly and without a warrant to make
       | sure I'm not committing a crime.
        
       | Jenk wrote:
       | How do we know this isn't a three letter government org silently
       | pressuring apple into compliance?
       | 
       | I see Apple getting a lot of flak but I'm surprised as anyone
       | that they have decided to suddenly buck their trend/perception of
       | being pro privacy quite so dramatically.
        
       | annadane wrote:
       | I actually completely understand WHY the average "lay-person"
       | thinks encryption must be bad because it allows terrorists and
       | child pornographers to confer in secret to plan their nasty
       | deeds. It's completely defensible to think that way from a
       | standpoint of human nature and it would make all the sense in the
       | world for that to be the case - that indeed, encryption is
       | fundamentally something we cannot have due to xyz. Now, that's
       | not how the situation actually is, but understanding that it
       | isn't is more complex than thinking about it for a brief amount
       | of time only
        
       | animex wrote:
       | Now that Apple has demonstrated ability/capacity to scan for
       | unencrypted content, law enforcement & government agencies with
       | court-backing will compel them to provide any content moving
       | forward.
       | 
       | However, the majority of Apple users are uncaring and/or unaware
       | of these recent changes and it will not affect their sales beyond
       | the tiny tech minority.
        
       | ren_engineer wrote:
       | this is just a show of loyalty to the government to prevent any
       | sort of monopoly action against Apple. The government actually
       | loves monopolies because it makes monitoring citizens easier. The
       | Feds would hate for Google, Facebook, or Apple to be broken up.
       | Much better to have everybody using a small number of platforms
       | with government backdoor access
       | 
       | Wouldn't be surprised if this was agreed to behind closed doors
       | in exchange for other assurances from the government. The
       | government passing laws forcing Apple to do this would be very
       | bad PR, better for Apple to appear to do it voluntarily
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | >The government actually loves monopolies because it makes
         | monitoring citizens easier.
         | 
         | Care to cite a source for that claim?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Rd6n6 wrote:
         | > The government actually loves monopolies because it makes
         | monitoring citizens easier.
         | 
         | You make it sound like the government is a single person with a
         | plan. I don't think people and departments in a government are
         | very coherent and aligned, it's a huge number of people with a
         | zoo of mandates and everyone is fighting to be seen as somebody
         | who makes things happen
        
           | kfprt wrote:
           | In this case the incentives align. Much easier dealing with
           | one or two parties than many.
        
       | Agingcoder wrote:
       | I'm not sure I agree with the premises that I own my device,
       | which most people seem to take for granted.
       | 
       | After all, in the iPhone case, I'm not allowed to root it,
       | install anything I want on it, etc. Apple already controls it,
       | and already decides what I can do with it.
       | 
       | So, if Apple decides that it can't be used to send child
       | pornography, how is it different from 'standard' usage
       | restrictions ? Or is it only the fact that it might trigger a
       | call to law enforcement which is a problem, and without this
       | call, everything would be ok ? In other words, would an iPhone
       | which detects child porn and refuses to do anything ('error :
       | illegal content') with it be ok? Or would this be a violation of
       | privacy?
        
       | itronitron wrote:
       | I'm trying to think of another situation where a company has a
       | default starting position that their customers are breaking the
       | law during normal use of their product.
       | 
       | If car manufacturers installed a breathalyzer ignition interlock
       | device on every car (new or currently owned) that would save some
       | lives, but I'm pretty sure very few people would tolerate it.
        
         | 0x000000001 wrote:
         | U.S. Senate bill seeks to require anti-drunk driving vehicle
         | tech
         | 
         | https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-senate-bill-seeks-requir...
        
           | kfprt wrote:
           | Truly dystopian. I can't wait until someone has to drive to
           | the hospital but has been drinking and can't.
        
             | asadlionpk wrote:
             | Should they be driving though? They can always call 911
        
             | wilg wrote:
             | There is no drunk driving exception based on where or why
             | you are driving.
        
       | aeoleonn wrote:
       | Goodbye All Apple Devices
       | 
       | Hello All Linux Devices
        
       | stakkur wrote:
       | Imagine if home builders, under pressure from law enforcement and
       | government bodies, included built-in devices in your home that
       | monitored and analyzed your behaviors and interactions, just to
       | 'keep people safe'.
       | 
       | And you couldn't uninstall them, even though you own the home.
       | 
       | And you couldn't know when a human was reviewing 'suspicious
       | behavior' telemetry, which included images, video and audio of
       | you and your family.
       | 
       | And you couldn't control anything about when and where this
       | happened, except by moving house.
       | 
       | And all of this was framed as a 'safety' problem, and if you
       | complained about this, you were considered one of the 'screeching
       | voices of the minority'.
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | Not during construction but people sure do put devices in their
         | homes that tick all those boxes and you know what, they mostly
         | don't care.
        
           | randyrand wrote:
           | What devices are you talking about?
           | 
           | specifically this box "And you couldn't know when a human was
           | reviewing 'suspicious behavior' telemetry, which included
           | images, video and audio of you and your family."
           | 
           | and this box: "And you couldn't uninstall them"
        
           | zionic wrote:
           | How do we make them care? Or more politically worded, show
           | them it is in their interest to care?
        
             | rnjesus wrote:
             | lobby, or run for their office.
             | 
             | edit: er, i think i misunderstood your question.
        
           | brandon272 wrote:
           | They voluntarily install those cameras in their homes and it
           | isn't for the express purpose of government surveillance.
        
       | wallacoloo wrote:
       | > It's truly disappointing that Apple got so hung up on its
       | particular vision of privacy that it ended up betraying the
       | fulcrum of user control: being able to trust that your device is
       | truly yours.
       | 
       | These devices haven't been "truly yours" for a _decade_. Hence,
       | jail-breaking. Maybe this is just the first time you've
       | encountered friction against the walled garden and become widely
       | aware of its existence, but that doesn't mean it wasn't there
       | before.
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | how probable is it even to find CP in an iphone, considering that
       | is not really possible to upload stuff directly and that most
       | likely those people would not use anything that s connected to
       | the cloud. I think it's more interesting that this will now be in
       | the desktop
        
       | darkwizard42 wrote:
       | I like this fairly subtle take (which I agree with the author
       | that Apple's cloud product is essentially a betrayal of their
       | privacy stance).
       | 
       | The subtle take I got is that devices should be completely
       | private... given that is what you pay for. This drives Apple's
       | phone system into that "unremovable bloatware" which I pretty
       | much want to escape from on Android devices without necessarily
       | setting up all the control myself. I wanted to trust Apple's
       | hardware for privacy (and already understood the limits of their
       | privacy in their cloud), but now I feel betrayed as this product
       | can be eventually used for more sinister practices should a
       | government pass laws necessitating it, as highlighted in many
       | other comments.
        
       | josh_today wrote:
       | I wouldn't stop where Ben Thompson drew the privacy line between
       | "your device versus the cloud".
       | 
       | Your content should be _your_ content regardless of where it
       | lives.
       | 
       | -Photos -Texts -Social Posts -Notes, Reminders
       | 
       | These are all what make up a person's life. At one point in the
       | not so distant future all of our data will live in the cloud, are
       | we then property of the cloud providers?
        
         | bialpio wrote:
         | Not sure if I fully agree with "Your content should be your
         | content regardless of where it lives." - the cloud operators
         | own the hardware that hosts this content, they could want to
         | impose limitations on it, irrespective of whether they have any
         | legal obligations to do so. An analogy to me would be: "Yes,
         | you can park your RV on my lot, just don't cook meth in it.".
         | 
         | You can still manage your own data so that it is opaque to the
         | cloud providers - encrypt it and don't share the key with them.
         | They'll have no insight into the blobs of data that you're
         | uploading to them.
        
           | josh_today wrote:
           | To use your own analogy- as an RV lot owner, should you have
           | the right to install cameras in every RV to ensure no one is
           | cooking meth?
        
             | bialpio wrote:
             | I can certainly ask every RV owner to agree to it and they
             | are free to accept my terms or look for another lot. Or
             | maybe I can say that every RV will be sniffed by a dog and
             | in case it detects something, the RV will be entered to
             | check for compliance with the rule.
             | 
             | Edit: to be clear, what I'm trying to say is that there are
             | 2 parties entering an agreement here, the owner of the
             | infrastructure also has some rights because we recognize
             | the rights to private property.
        
         | aj3 wrote:
         | That's a pretty idealistic view. I guess the issue boils down
         | to whether you believe there are things in digital realms that
         | are illegal to possess.
         | 
         | For comparison, it's pretty obvious that there are certain
         | things in physical realm that citizens shouldn't have. So it
         | would be wrong to claim "my things are mine and no one should
         | be able to inspect them or take away from me, no matter what
         | those things are". Examples for things citizens should not
         | posses: weapons of mass destruction and slaves.
         | 
         | Apple et al argue that CSAM should be digital content that
         | nobody ought to possess. So while you're obviously technically
         | capable of storing it, it shouldn't be legal.
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | > I guess the issue boils down to whether you believe there
           | are things in digital realms that are illegal to possess.
           | 
           | not at all. I'm pretty sure nobody here thinks CSAM should be
           | legal. The topic at hand is whether that means everyone
           | should be subjected to blanket surveillance by default.
           | 
           | Just because there's child abuse out there doesn't mean you
           | can walk into a random persons house and rummage through
           | their drawers, and by the same logic Apple or anyone else
           | should have no business digging through my phone.
           | 
           | It's not idealistic at all, it's simply opposition to
           | surveillance of people who have done nothing to warrant such
           | suspicion. I don't know about the US, but here in Germany we
           | have the so called _Briefgeheimnis_. (literally: secrecy of
           | letters). Privacy of correspondence is almost sacrosanct and
           | can only ever be violated under extreme circumstances, not
           | casually or systematically, that 's what the Stasi used to
           | do.
        
         | websites2023 wrote:
         | What percentage of your computer's storage are you willing to
         | rent out to storing CSAM?
        
         | least wrote:
         | I think it's a kind of fine distinction... for now. My primary
         | concern with Apple's proposed implementation of CSAM detection
         | hinges almost entirely on the fact that it is performed on
         | device. I use iCloud photos right now knowing fully well that
         | it is subject to these scans.
         | 
         | I think ideally things would truly be E2E encrypted, in which
         | case Apple or any other cloud provider doesn't have to trouble
         | themselves about what's on their servers, since no one but the
         | user could ever look at the contents of it. In this case a big
         | blob of data up to the storage limits of the person's plan is
         | the only thing they'd have to worry about.
         | 
         | That is also the other issue with Apple's proposed
         | implementation. It completely circumvents E2EE and makes it
         | entirely pointless. It doesn't preserve privacy in any respect
         | whatsoever.
         | 
         | And to what end? You might capture a few people that are
         | syncing their child porn on iCloud without encrypting it
         | themselves first, but does this really make children any safer?
         | It certainly endangers anyone using an iPhone given the
         | technology doesn't discriminate against what kind of hashes it
         | provides and increases the scope of surveillance on everyone.
         | These sorts of things are extremely hard to undo.
        
       | anonymouswacker wrote:
       | For those of us who just bought new iPhones (over the 2 week
       | return period) and are having buyer's remorse after this
       | decision, is there a way to return this now that the product is
       | different than when I purchased it? Credit card chargeback, etc?
       | I would like to switch to a phone I can control.
        
       | lbriner wrote:
       | One of the best protections against invasion of privacy and
       | feature creep is to require an independently obtained warrant
       | that is served to the person in question.
       | 
       | Firstly, this allows the general public to get an idea of how
       | much governments or police are interfering in people's lives but
       | secondly, the enforcers have to convince someone (usually a
       | judge) that their case has merit before they start defaming
       | someone or taking away their liberty.
       | 
       | We shouldn't be as scared about lacking privacy as we should be
       | about the fact that our privacy can be invaded with little
       | oversight and sometimes without us even knowing about it!
       | 
       | Also, we need to speak up for those who are much more likely to
       | be affected by privacy invasions (black, Muslim, other minorities
       | etc.) even if we are white and don't think it will be a problem
       | for us personally.
        
       | qeternity wrote:
       | Most of the comments ignore that this is likely to be well
       | received by many consumers, because it sounds good on the
       | surface: Apple is using tech magic to fight bad guys. Hooray!
       | 
       | Worse, it's nearly impossible for a competitor to market against
       | without risking the general population believing you tacitly
       | approve CSAM. How does Google market Android without coming
       | across like a safe haven for pedophilia?
        
         | wccrawford wrote:
         | In an era with so many people screaming, "Defund the police!" I
         | can't see how reporting more stuff to the police automatically
         | is going to go over well PR-wise.
         | 
         | Even before that phrase, we were already in era of "Don't talk
         | to the cops without your lawyer, especially if you're
         | innocent." Giving those same cops more information is not in
         | your own best interest.
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | > In an era with so many people screaming, "Defund the
           | police!"
           | 
           | This is a very vocal, very small minority. The most ardent
           | police reformers I know believe that law enforcement is
           | necessary. Defunding has devastating consequences on those
           | who are most vulnerable.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | asteroidbelt wrote:
         | It's hard to predict what will consumers think.
         | 
         | It will be enough to have one big scandal with police crashing
         | into innocent person house after they shared a photo of their
         | child on the beach with their close relatives to change public
         | opinion of this feature.
         | 
         | Even from business perspective Apple is playing very risky game
         | here. It can backfire.
         | 
         | Also let's keep in mind that iPhones are usually owned by
         | higher income more educated left-leaning people. And have a
         | look how MSM (which is generally left-leaning) writes about
         | this feature. For example, Guardian here
         | https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/aug/07/week-i...
         | "Privacy. That's (no longer) iPhone." Such coverage of Apple
         | may result in people switching away from iPhones, or for
         | example, switching to Google for photo storage, and switching
         | further away from iMessage.
         | 
         | It is very unclear how events will unfold.
        
       | yyyk wrote:
       | It took me time to think about this news. I despise the cavalier
       | attitude some people in software engineering have towards the
       | social consequences of their work. A community where 'think of
       | the children' is an ironic phrase is a sick one. Yet, something
       | here doesn't smell entirely right.
       | 
       | TL;DR: I think one of three must be correct:
       | 
       | A) NCMEC is seriously neglecting protecting children by accepting
       | a subpar solution. We're getting the client-side scanning
       | precedent without any benefit to society.
       | 
       | OR
       | 
       | B) Apple is not entirely ditching server-side scanning, so again
       | we'll be gaining nothing from client-side scanning aside from
       | normalization of a dubious practice.
       | 
       | OR
       | 
       | C) The client-side solution will end up way more invasive than
       | what even Apple believes it would be.
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | Lets look at the worst scenarios. One or more pedos is actively
       | molesting in order to record CSAM on a iPhone. The iPhone soon
       | syncs to the iCloud, while the pedos distribute the CSAM. This is
       | the scenario we all want to stop most and ASAP.
       | 
       | 1) Apple's is a hash-based approach, not an AI based one. So the
       | original upload must be marked as 'clear' by the iPhone, since
       | NCMEC can't yet know about the CSAM.
       | 
       | 2) Hopefully, sometimes later NCMEC does find the CSAM and marks
       | it appropriately.
       | 
       | 3) In the 'naive' server-side approach, Apple could scan iCloud
       | and find the original CSAM and then the uploaders. This is not
       | what we're doing. This is a client-side approach, and if certain
       | rumors are right Apple will eventually do end2end encryption and
       | so will not even be able to scan server-side. So do we do?
       | 
       | 4) One option is for NCMEC to give up and let Apple do a worse
       | solution than server-side scanning where the original
       | perpetrators not only go free but can use iCloud for storage
       | without being detected. That's our option A above.
       | 
       | This is undesirable and unlikely. Even if NCMEC were so
       | compromised, Apple can't want to get all this fire and then
       | implement an non-working solution. Even if Apple were to do that,
       | eventually pressure will force them to implement a working
       | solution.
       | 
       | 5) The other option is for the iPhone client to receive regular
       | hash updates, and then periodically rescan any picture that was
       | at one time uploaded to the iCloud (option C). Since the
       | incriminating files may well not even exist anymore on the phone
       | (the pedos in our scenario have good motivation to eventually
       | delete the CSAM to save space even without the issue of client-
       | side scanning), Apple will have to store the hashes of deleted
       | images on the phone in order to periodically rescan them.
       | 
       |  _So to implement effective client-side scanning, iPhone owners
       | will not be able to ever truly delete an image if it was ever
       | synced to iCloud, even if the owners deleted it from the cloud
       | and their phone_. The hash will be stored, and not only that - a
       | rough facsimile of the image should be restorable from the hash*.
       | I can 't see any other way to do it, and Apple and NCMEC must
       | want the client-side solution to work. In a world where Pegasus
       | and things like it exist, this is.. not optimal.
       | 
       | 6) Of course, Apple could avoid all this by storing the hashes in
       | their iCloud (option B), but what would be the point of client-
       | side scanning than, aside from a dubious precedent?
       | 
       | Am I missing something?
       | 
       | * AFAIK the ability to make a rough facsimile of the original
       | image from the hash is a property of visual hashes required for
       | them to work even on manipulated images, and also required for
       | the manual review system. Apple can't avoid this on a client-side
       | solution - it's either the original image or something close
       | enough so it can be manually reviewed if later found to be CSAM.
        
         | yyyk wrote:
         | Thinking about it, another client side solution would be to
         | also scan images when _downloading_ from iCloud. That way pedos
         | will have difficulty using iCloud, since the hash will be
         | rescanned when downloading and the hash might be up to date
         | this time. Would this allow Apple to not store the deleted
         | image data on the client? This would still catch significantly
         | less perpetrators than the server-side approach, would NCMEC
         | etc. agree to this, or would pressure force Apple to go even
         | further?
         | 
         | Either way, a workable client-side solution has to end up more
         | encompassing than what Apple has done.
        
       | cycop wrote:
       | Sounds like a great way to attack a target and destroy their
       | life. Most people have no idea how many or what photos are on
       | their devices.
       | 
       | 1) Either get photos on their phone with the correct HASH, or get
       | some photos that are already on their phone into the HASH list.
       | 2) FBI will be quietly informed by Apple. 3) FBI shows up one day
       | at the targets home or work. They confiscates all electronic
       | devices and ruins that persons life.
        
       | 6502nerdface wrote:
       | This makes me appreciate the tough spot that Apple is in:
       | 
       | > both the UK and the EU are moving forward on bills that mandate
       | online service companies proactively look for and report CSAM.
       | Indeed, I wouldn't be surprised if this were the most important
       | factor behind Apple's move: the company doesn't want to give up
       | on end-to-end encryption -- and likely wants to expand it --
       | which leaves on-device scanning as the only way to satisfy
       | governments not (just) in China but also the West.
        
         | mbauman wrote:
         | Even without a requirement to proactively scan, Apple is surely
         | expanding its ML stack on photos to categorize and describe
         | photos and persons in them.
         | 
         | Is that not the simpler explanation for this?
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | They can already do this now for every iCloud photo and the
           | protocol described is elaborately protecting a small number
           | of hashes. It seems unlikely that the PR brushfire from this
           | is better than simply pointing that classifier on all of the
           | photos already on Apple's servers.
        
             | mbauman wrote:
             | That's not what I'm saying. Apple is required by law to
             | report images if they have "actual knowledge" of CSAM.
             | Courts aren't too kind about superficial technicalities
             | like "that output label wasn't trained" when Apple is doing
             | on-device ML classification of pictures to identify
             | content. By proactively scanning for selective hashes they
             | can say they're doing something without being required to
             | report a less-accurate ML output.
             | 
             | That's also why this only applies if connected to iCloud;
             | otherwise they don't have "knowledge" of it.
        
         | josephcsible wrote:
         | If Apple really cared about privacy, they'd instead have spent
         | some money to lobby against those bills.
        
           | davewritescode wrote:
           | There is no company on Earth who is going to take the side of
           | child pornographers.
           | 
           | Most of the arguments against this ignore the fact there is a
           | legitimate chance that this type of technology will only be
           | used to combat child abuse and not more nefarious purposes.
        
             | tiagod wrote:
             | What about terrorism, hate speech, etc?
             | 
             | Most people would agree these are very bad things. Problem
             | is there is no objective definition of what constitutes it.
        
           | bzbarsky wrote:
           | What makes you think they didn't? (I don't know whether they
           | did or not, but I would absolutely expect such lobbying to
           | (1) be happening and (2) be kept very quiet because it's too
           | easy to spin it as "Apple supports pedophilia" or some such.)
        
       | lolsal wrote:
       | I really did not expect this from Apple. Perhaps I am too naive.
       | It makes me think Apple is doing this as a sort of litmus test or
       | as a way to force another issue:
       | 
       | - Government says Apple has to do it
       | 
       | - Apple announces they will do it
       | 
       | - Apple brand suffers immensely
       | 
       | - Apple cites suffering as a reason to not do it?
       | 
       | Seems like there would be a word/term/phrase for this kind of
       | thing.
       | 
       | I'm so optimistic I'm hoping there is an ulterior motive here or
       | some sort of outside coercion.
        
       | villgax wrote:
       | Apple literally went 1984 at this point
        
         | crookshanked wrote:
         | full circle! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VtvjbmoDx-I
        
       | backtoyoujim wrote:
       | Apple new ad strategy: "Either buy and use Apple iPhone, or you
       | are predator."
        
       | angry_octet wrote:
       | This is a great example of people being in a tech bubble. In a
       | short while nobody except techies and molesters will remember
       | that this is happening. Some significant number of KP men will be
       | caught, but not the clever ones. Most iPhone users will put it
       | out of their minds and continue using iCloud.
       | 
       | The bigger authoritarian countries (China, India) will demand,
       | and receive, the ability to match against illegal images and
       | memes, like Tank Man, Winnie the Pooh, illicit tweet screencaps,
       | etc. No one with power in the West will really care.
       | 
       | The slippery slope is actually iMessage scanning, not iCloud
       | Photos. Real time, ML based, it is fully capable of scanning for
       | keywords, the same way as NSA analysts used X-KEYSCORE (in the
       | ancient historical period, before they switched to ML).
       | (Fortunately, NSA (or others) probably won't let it's ML
       | classifiers be distributed, because they could be reverse
       | engineered to see how much NSA knows.)
        
       | intricatedetail wrote:
       | I was considering getting M1 laptop, but now that's off the
       | table. I am looking for a performant fanless laptop that will run
       | Linux. Any suggestions?
        
         | h4x0r12345 wrote:
         | Donate a few dollars monthly to https://asahilinux.org on
         | Patreon. We'll get Linux running smoothly on the M1 within a
         | year or so.
        
       | briefcomment wrote:
       | I may consider getting a stand alone camera now.
        
         | josephcsible wrote:
         | Apple is going to scan images you download too, not just ones
         | you take with your camera. Leaving their ecosystem is way more
         | important than just getting a standalone camera.
        
           | briefcomment wrote:
           | Do you mean this would apply to Macs too? So if I used some
           | non-Apple photo app, and uploaded photos from a camera, they
           | would be similarly monitored?
        
             | rvz wrote:
             | > Do you mean this would apply to Macs too?
             | 
             | From [0]
             | 
             |  _' These features are coming later this year in updates to
             | iOS 15, iPadOS 15, watchOS 8, and macOS Monterey.'_
             | 
             | So yes.
             | 
             | Also by the OP:
             | 
             | > iMessage encrypts messages end-to-end by default;
             | however, if you have iCloud backup turned on, your messages
             | can be accessed by Apple (who has the keys for iCloud
             | backups) and, by extension, law enforcement with a warrant.
             | 
             | So if you use iMessage and iCloud Photos then they will be
             | scanned by Apple. Won't be surprised to see the on-device
             | scanning feature more prevalent on M1/M1X Macs.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.apple.com/child-safety/
        
               | jeromegv wrote:
               | So if you use iMessage and iCloud Photos then they will
               | be scanned by Apple--> it is a lie. This is definitely
               | not the case.
               | 
               | Yes, with iCloud backup turned on, messages can be
               | accessed by Apple, that hasn't changed, has been the case
               | for a decade. It is specifically written in the technical
               | document that they are not scanning the iMessages photos
               | in the cloud the same way that they would scan your
               | iCloud photos.
        
               | briefcomment wrote:
               | Ah thank you.
        
             | robertoandred wrote:
             | No, they wouldn't. It's only scanning photos you're
             | uploading to iCloud Photo Library via Apple's Photos app.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | ulzeraj wrote:
             | One thing that might happen is that they could MITM your
             | internet connection by default while maskerading it as a
             | privacy feature.
             | 
             | https://www.theverge.com/22573519/apple-private-relay-
             | icloud...
        
             | sylens wrote:
             | Even if it did, iCloud is less of a necessity with a Mac
             | than it is with an iOS device. I have a little more agency
             | and utility on Macs.
        
           | ulzeraj wrote:
           | Oh... you just reminded me of the upcoming VPN service that
           | will act as a proxy of sorts for internet browsing. If they
           | do MITM HTTPS then they will basically scan evertything about
           | you and your internet habits.
           | 
           | When did it became like that? Their only saving grace was
           | that they were okay-ish with user privacy.
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | If we are going to be totally paranoid then a lack of pictures
         | on your mobile phone could be seen as an indication that you
         | have something to hide!
        
           | briefcomment wrote:
           | Sure, then let them play their authoritarian hand in
           | attempting to follow through on that. Maybe at some point, it
           | gets ridiculous enough that some critical mass of people get
           | fed up and we are able to reverse course.
        
           | ulzeraj wrote:
           | Nothing to hide right? As an otaku who collect figurines I
           | can't wait to have the police knocking at my door because of
           | a false positive triggered by a 1/8 scale statue of Megumin
           | casting a fireball.
        
         | 1-6 wrote:
         | Cameras in the future are not immune to what we may see on
         | upcoming smartphones. For example, Sony revealed an image
         | processing sensor with compute capabilities built-in. It's able
         | to not only send photon measurements but send metadata on
         | what's being captured in the image.
         | https://techcrunch.com/2020/05/14/sony-shows-off-first-combi...
        
           | angst_ridden wrote:
           | Remember when scanners would allow you to scan banknotes,
           | even those with a Eurion code?
           | 
           | I suspect we'll be seeing more of this kind of thing in
           | digital stand-alone cameras. GPS-enabled? You just lost the
           | ability to photograph demonstrations. Trademarked logos i the
           | background? Maybe the shutter won't click.
        
             | 1-6 wrote:
             | Scanners with banknotes remind me of my kid's LeapFrog
             | book. It's basically a book and a pen which can read
             | whatever you tap against. It has an optical sensor at the
             | tip of the pen and the print just has a bunch of
             | microscopic dots barely visible to the naked eye.
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeapFrog_Tag
        
         | Consultant32452 wrote:
         | The way it works is people report CP to a third party
         | organization that fights CP. A hash of some sort is recorded in
         | a central repository that is used by many services including
         | every major social media company. Those companies then use it
         | to delete/ban/etc users who post images matching those hashes.
         | Generally, they also work with law enforcement.
         | 
         | In the current iteration they are not using AI or anything to
         | identify "bad" content. They are matching hashes for files on
         | on your device against known bad hashes/content.
         | 
         | I'm not trying to convince you one way or another about it,
         | just clarifying what is happening.
        
           | tiagod wrote:
           | > In the current iteration they are not using AI or anything
           | to identify "bad" content. They are matching hashes for files
           | on on your device against known bad hashes/content.
           | 
           | This is misleading as these are not what most technical
           | people would think of as a hash. These are "perceptual
           | hashes" that can compute a distance, instead of a boolean
           | equal/different, leaving space for false-positives instead of
           | extremely rare hash collisions.
           | 
           | https://www.hackerfactor.com/blog/index.php?/archives/929-On.
           | .. https://rentafounder.com/the-problem-with-perceptual-
           | hashes/
        
       | aeoleonn wrote:
       | Many of the biggest lies ever sold, such as the Operation Iraqi
       | Liberation, started with "We must do it for The Children(tm)!"
       | 
       | Yet we have widespread evidence that political/financial elites
       | engage in Child Sexual Abuse in a Cult-like way, as a condition
       | for their assumption of political/financial power.
       | 
       | When Bill Clinton, Bill Gates, Bill Richardson, many other
       | politicians and financial elites (the majority are still in the
       | shadows, not yet exposed to the public) have been jet setting
       | with decades-known child sexual abusers such as their good friend
       | Jeffrey Epstein, it really makes me question the ACTUAL motive.
       | 
       | Ruling elites do not care about CSAM-- many of them engage in it,
       | as part of unbeknownst or beknownst honey pot schemes, whereby
       | blackmail is gathered on them as collateral that they will follow
       | the political and financial dictates of their [ultimately]
       | Israeli Intelligence handlers.
       | 
       | This is merely an excuse to exercise power. And why now? Because
       | you know qui are afraid that they've played their hand too
       | sloppily-- forbidden knowledge on their true colors has spread
       | too fast & they can't keep a lid on it-- and now populaces around
       | the world are rioting against their satanic organization.
       | 
       | Hence, this is likely to find and eliminate their political
       | opponents from effecting their mission to centralize financial
       | control.
       | 
       | One way to centralize financial control: Demoralize and Destroy a
       | capitalist society. Introduce communism. The massive revolution
       | will cause real estate and capital prices to fall in relative
       | value (such as thanks to massive inflation), making it all the
       | easier to buy up by elites to further centralize their control.
       | When you're happy with your level of control, re-implement
       | Capitalism (but not before selling the most important state
       | controlled infrastructure assets to your cronies) and the cycle
       | begins a new. Such is the Capitalist-Communist dialectic that
       | we've all been exposed to for the last ~120 years.
       | 
       | Actual solution: Eliminate Israeli intelligence agents across the
       | US Government & Economy. Hold Israel accountable.
       | 
       | (Rather inconvenient to do when they're holding blackmail
       | material on you as a politician)
        
         | nolawi89 wrote:
         | why are you only calling out BILL's - coincidence I don't think
         | so. You have a Bills only bias. :)
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | sloshnmosh wrote:
       | As the recent NSO/Pegasus scandal has proved, there is no need to
       | add backdoors into our cellphones.
       | 
       | If someone is suspected of a crime a warrant can be issued by a
       | judge and the suspects phone compromised under lawful control of
       | law enforcement.
       | 
       | What Apple is wanting to do is pre-crime where everyone is
       | considered suspect until proven otherwise.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Kharvok wrote:
       | This is just a side-step away from complying with regimes that
       | will want to use this capabilty to attack political speech or
       | outlawed literature.
        
         | davewritescode wrote:
         | Apple is a company that has gone completely out of it's way to
         | protect their users from end-to-end encryption and refusing to
         | introduce backdoors into their products to get data from
         | suspected terrorists.
         | 
         | These slippery slope type arguments tend to assume that there
         | is no middle ground between sides of this argument.
        
           | amanaplanacanal wrote:
           | "Unreasonable search and seizure" in the US has traditionally
           | meant you needed a warrant from a judge stating specifically
           | where you are going to search and what you are searching for.
           | We now seem to be just tossing that out of the window. The
           | government can't do it, but it can deputize a private
           | organization to do it and that makes it now ok?
        
             | mirkules wrote:
             | I have been saying this for years now. The gov't is
             | basically outsourcing violating the constitution to
             | companies. Free speech? Just have Twitter, Facebook and
             | Google censor unacceptable speech. 4th amendment? Have the
             | private sector violate it. Easy peasy.
        
       | yuy910616 wrote:
       | On somewhat of a side note, has anyone stopped their subscription
       | to Stratechery in the past year?
       | 
       | I've been a paid sub to Stratechery since the Amazon acquiring
       | Wholefood article - I think Ben's thinking is really unique and
       | valuable.
       | 
       | But - I've recently stopped my subscription, partly because of
       | change in my own finance, partly because I am no longer
       | interested in what Ben wants to cover - namely privacy, policy,
       | and anti-competitive. I miss the days where companies like Stitch
       | Fix could earn a email. I think Ben is covering important topics
       | - but it's not something that I'm really interested in.
       | 
       | Plus the fact that each post seems to require a large amount of
       | prior knowledge - manifested by the large amount of quotes in
       | each email.
       | 
       | What do you think? Have you found other blogs worth subscribing
       | to?
        
       | schaefer wrote:
       | This whole business makes me want to return my iPhone and iPad
       | for full refund. The terms of ownership have changed
       | significantly since time of purchase, and frankly it feels like a
       | privacy bait-and-switch.
       | 
       | I'm curious if there any possibility of a small claims case
       | forcing such a return.
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | When you signed up for iCloud, did you read the terms of
         | service? They specifically require you to not to use them for
         | illegal purposes and I'm sure they'd argue that everyone in the
         | industry scans cloud storage and this change is only shifting
         | when they make this check. I would really not expect that claim
         | to go very far.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | ursugardaddy wrote:
           | well now they can argue everyone in the industry already
           | scans locally on device for illegal content, not a huge step
           | 
           | a few years from now: "it's been such a success we're going
           | to do it everywhere for everything now"
        
       | throwaway98797 wrote:
       | Apple,
       | 
       | That winnie the pooh with text over it sure does look like a
       | problem. Can I haz alert to whoever has that?
       | 
       | k. thx.
       | 
       | -- Xi Jinping
        
         | lern_too_spel wrote:
         | Not an unreasonable request, and don't be surprised if it
         | affects phones outside of China too.
         | https://www.wired.com/story/apple-china-censorship-bug-iphon...
        
         | samatman wrote:
         | That ship has sailed.
         | 
         | iCloud in China is controlled _de facto_ by the CCP.
         | 
         | Apple is taking something from its users in the West which its
         | users in China never had.
         | 
         | I walk by an iPhone billboard fairly frequently, all it says is
         | "Privacy".
         | 
         | I can come to only one conclusion as to why Apple is doing
         | this, and it isn't because they're acting on their own free
         | will in the interest of their business and users.
        
           | throwaway98797 wrote:
           | Fair point. The sad part is that all the bad things need to
           | happen for the populace to revolt.
           | 
           | Most will forget about this intrusion and move on with their
           | lives. And yet, i cant help but shed a tear for the liberity
           | we all, in the _good_ countries, are losing.
           | 
           | bit by bit. rung by rung.
           | 
           | but at least the phones keep getting better...
        
             | samatman wrote:
             | I'm optimistic, but only because things are getting so bad,
             | so quickly, that I expect catastrophic change before the
             | decade is out.
        
         | ComodoHacker wrote:
         | FYI, all Chinese phones have a mandatory app installed for
         | years, which scans everything on device for these "problems"
         | (as well as CSAM).
        
       | ychompinator wrote:
       | There is no scanning by Apple taking place, they are not reaching
       | in to your phone, your phone is checking whether the binary data
       | of your photos matches the data in a database of known bad
       | images. This is much more secure than Apple having access to scan
       | your files or messages in the cloud. If you use cloud storage
       | services you are trusting your provider with a lot more data than
       | you are giving up by allowing your phone to check MD5 hashes of
       | images don't match offending hashes. Windows added Smart Screen,
       | this checks your apps against known bad apps to protect you from
       | malware and virus, this is very similar and not unusual at all.
       | Well the internet loves to be outraged so crack on I guess...
       | _sigh_
        
       | arbirk wrote:
       | Recent stories from the world of child porn rings have shown,
       | that members are very coordinated. If iPhones are deemed the safe
       | platform they will migrate there.
       | 
       | This is a compromise to rid them from or at least threaten a
       | potential safe space. All real compromises are bad compromises.
       | This seems to be just that
        
       | asaddhamani wrote:
       | > These efforts will evolve and expand over time.
       | 
       | I have no doubt they will. Pandora's box has been opened, and
       | okay, today the scanning is only for images uploaded to iCloud,
       | and only for CSAM. But that is not auditable and subject to
       | change at any time without notice.
       | 
       | And today it is only looking at known hashes but the devices
       | already have a capability to analyse images and even run OCR on
       | them, this is not a matter of of these things will be weaponised
       | but when.
       | 
       | Can't believe this is the same Apple that publicly defended the
       | right to privacy for known terrorists by using the slippery slope
       | argument themselves. The mind boggles.
        
         | comfymatrix wrote:
         | > today the scanning is only for images uploaded to iCloud, and
         | only for CSAM
         | 
         | This, to me, would be exponentially less privacy invasive as
         | I've come to assume all major cloud hosting providers implement
         | something like this (look at Google Drive), but Apple has said
         | that the scanning is done on-device, meaning whether or not you
         | upload your photo library to iCloud, your local photos _will_
         | be scanned with an on-device database of hashes.
         | 
         | Essentially iOS photos now implement a direct API call to the
         | feds with some vague "human verification" layer if you go above
         | an unknown threshold
        
           | bzbarsky wrote:
           | > but Apple has said that the scanning is done on-device
           | 
           | Yes, but only for images being uploaded to iCloud.
           | 
           | > meaning whether or not you upload your photo library to
           | iCloud, your local photos will be scanned
           | 
           | Not in the currently proposed implementation, if I understand
           | correctly.
           | 
           | Disclaimer: All my information about this thing is from news
           | articles; I might be misunderstanding the details.
        
             | vorpalhex wrote:
             | So child molestors will disable iCloud upload and innocent
             | people will have their privacy violated?
        
               | bzbarsky wrote:
               | That is one plausible outcome here, yes.
        
           | GeekyBear wrote:
           | > I've come to assume all major cloud hosting providers
           | implement something like this
           | 
           | They have, for the past decade.
           | 
           | >The system that scans cloud drives for illegal images was
           | created by Microsoft and Dartmouth College and donated to
           | NCMEC. The organization creates signatures of the worst known
           | images of child pornography, approximately 16,000 files at
           | present. These file signatures are given to service providers
           | who then try to match them to user files in order to prevent
           | further distribution of the images themselves, a Microsoft
           | spokesperson told NBC News. (Microsoft implemented image-
           | matching technology in its own services, such as Bing and
           | SkyDrive.)
           | 
           | https://www.nbcnews.com/technolog/your-cloud-drive-really-
           | pr...
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | asaddhamani wrote:
           | Right, this is what all the articles on this matter are
           | getting wrong, unknowingly or otherwise. It'll be one flag
           | switch to change from scanning uploaded images to scanning
           | local images.
           | 
           | This is an erosion of fundamental human rights under the
           | guise of "think of the children" so that anyone who stands up
           | against this tyranny can be labelled a "pedophile". 1984
           | wasn't like 1984 but 2021 is surely looking that way.
        
             | runawaybottle wrote:
             | It's a delayed concern for us in the West. First the bait
             | and switch will happen in all parts of the third world,
             | autocratic, and dictatorial governments. After all, our
             | list of hashes will be different from what their agencies
             | will provide. Across the globe Apple will assist in this.
             | 
             | Then one day we get another Trumpian President who adds
             | more categories of hashes in a place like America.
             | 
             | What Apple is not willing to do is have that philosophical
             | and ethical discussion with its customers. It has simply
             | made the decision.
        
         | nyx-aiur wrote:
         | The only problem is that you think a private cooperation and
         | not the government YOU elect should be in charge of your
         | privacy. Insanity this whole discussion is symptomatic with the
         | whole tech bro movement. Everyone expects that the government
         | THEY elect have the worst for them in mind. If you are really
         | scared of your government you have to change the people that
         | govern you and not build arbitrary tools to "secure" your
         | privacy.
        
           | least wrote:
           | In the United States there exists a slim majority for much of
           | the country's legislative houses. That indicates at least
           | that there's a good chance if you don't have to right now
           | that in your lifetime you will have to treat the government
           | as adversarial.
           | 
           | In all honesty I think everyone should treat the government
           | as an adversarial force when it comes to respecting your
           | privacy or rights. Much of bill of rights was introduced as a
           | response to the concerns of the government's overreach. Built
           | in protections to impede totalitarianism.
           | 
           | In that regard, you can't simply rely on the government to
           | legislate towards your interests and assuming that they will
           | is foolish. Creating tools to secure your privacy is
           | essential, not arbitrary.
        
           | josephcsible wrote:
           | > Everyone expects that the government THEY elect have the
           | worst for them in mind.
           | 
           | In basically every election, almost half of the voters voted
           | for the loser.
        
           | asaddhamani wrote:
           | The government has already done plenty of things without our
           | knowledge, PRISM and the Snowden revelations. No matter who
           | you elect the government will keep doing these things and
           | will only expand the scope, and 99% of people won't care, and
           | the rest are labelled "the screeching voices of the
           | minorities".
           | 
           | Apple made privacy their selling point (Privacy. That's
           | iPhone), and that set the expectations of privacy people have
           | with their products.
           | 
           | "Tech bro movement" what?
        
             | nyx-aiur wrote:
             | Holy shit these topics really show how delusional most of
             | Hackernews is. If you think technology can change the world
             | arbitrary from your government you are living in a dream
             | that will falter fast.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | syshum wrote:
           | Everyone should be at all times scared of government power,
           | and no saying "just elect better people" is not a solution.
           | 
           | Government should be limited in power and scope, never
           | allowed to expand beyond that power and scope, unfortunately
           | since the 1930's we have allowed the US government to expand
           | to a size that is untenable and is at odds with the concept
           | of liberty itself
        
         | shakna wrote:
         | Australia has already moved to make legislation [0] that is
         | basically an expanded version of it, with incredibly vague
         | terms ("material... may be harmful"). Weaponising it has
         | already begun.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.zdnet.com/article/canberra-asks-big-tech-to-
         | intr...
        
           | dont__panic wrote:
           | Makes you wonder if this is a case of the creator getting
           | ideas from the uproar about Apple's CSAM implementation. Or,
           | optimistically viewed, perhaps someone trying to prove just
           | how slippery the slow is?
        
           | kfprt wrote:
           | So it took about a day for the slippery slope to kick in a
           | slide right off a cliff.
        
             | noirbot wrote:
             | I mean, Australia has been putting forward insane tech
             | bills to outlaw E2EE and demand backdoors for everything
             | for years now. I don't think they're doing this because of
             | the Apple news.
        
         | nabakin wrote:
         | Where does it say OCR is used?
        
           | niea_11 wrote:
           | the gp comment doesn't say that OCR is used. It says that the
           | devices have the capability. Which is the case for recent
           | iPhones : https://9to5mac.com/2021/06/10/how-iphone-live-
           | text-ocr-work...
           | 
           |  _There is so much rich information in your photos, from
           | memorable places you've visited to handwritten family
           | recipes. iOS 15 uses secure on-device intelligence to help
           | you discover more in your photos, quickly find what you're
           | looking for, and relive special moments._
        
         | cycop wrote:
         | I am sure the product people at Apple are seeing $$$
         | 
         | 1) Scan devices for copyrighted music, to play your music you
         | need to have it purchased on Apple 2) Scan devices for
         | copyrighted videos, to play your video you need to have it
         | purchased on Apple 3) Scan devices for copyrighted photos,
         | purchase an Apple license to use this photo 4) Scan devices for
         | copyrighted text, purchase an Apple license to use this text
         | 
         | Apple - Think Licensing
        
       | bob33212 wrote:
       | It is interesting how quickly people jump to the worse case
       | scenario. Obviously, it is possible this power could be abused
       | and someone like Trump would have no problem using to steal an
       | election, but it is also possible Apple is going to put tight
       | controls in place and only use it for the states purpose. Keep an
       | open mind please.
        
         | ratww wrote:
         | The problem is that not even Apple can guarantee it's not gonna
         | be used for anything nefarious, since they won't have (and
         | probably don't want!) access to the source of the PhotoDNA
         | hashes to inspect them.
         | 
         | Not only we have to blindly trust Apple, we also have to trust
         | a (government?) institution that most of us had never heard
         | about before.
        
       | hoops8 wrote:
       | I keep seeing Apple take a beating. But I can't help but think
       | this is politically motivated. I've seen private-government
       | collusion first hand; create paranoia, goto government with a
       | solution, get some custom legislation or exec order; profit.
       | 
       | Politicians began hating on tech corp and promising changes.
       | We've seen attacks on section 230 in the press and bills popping
       | up.
       | 
       | This is not going away. My guess is it's a hedge against
       | government who decided to pass some messages along.
       | 
       | "Why won't Apple help us fight this?" being suggested by
       | political grifters in both parties. Cable news will hassle them.
       | 
       | They'll do this to avoid that.
        
       | lern_too_spel wrote:
       | > it ended up betraying the fulcrum of user control: being able
       | to trust that your device is truly yours.
       | 
       | The more opaque proprietary services a device runs, the less
       | yours it can be. I'm surprised it took this long to remember this
       | concept.
        
       | somenewaccount1 wrote:
       | > . Yes, you can turn off iCloud Photos to disable Apple's
       | scanning,
       | 
       | so, Apple now has the ability to reach into _every_ law abiding
       | citizens personal phone - report them to the FBI when the
       | algorithm makes mistakes (and it will - nothing is 100%,
       | particular in image recognition), AND THEN THE PERPETRATORS CAN
       | STILL GET AWAY BY JUST TURNING IT OFF??!??!?!
       | 
       | My goodness, I couldn't imagine a stupider way to fight CSAM.
       | 
       | > Facebook made 20.3 million reports of Child Sexual Abuse
       | Material (CSAM) in 2020.
       | 
       | Were there 20.3 million arrests of offenders? I don't think so. I
       | doubt they caught 20 perps from that data. While it may be a
       | better algorithm, it should be a good warning of how often your'
       | very legitimate and non-CSAM data will be leaked to a "verifier",
       | and worse, to the authorities.
       | 
       | Take a look at how often YouTube channels are taken down by "auto
       | triggers" that are then "reviewed" and you will get a good idea
       | of how often the government is going to screw law abiding
       | citizens. It's not zero, and imho, it will be well above a range
       | of "acceptable fallout".
        
         | recroad wrote:
         | That YouTube example hits home. I uploaded my daughter's videos
         | on there when she was little to share with family. Then my
         | account got flagged for a copyright notice and the channel got
         | suspended. Been trying to get YouTube/Google to re-instate the
         | channel - it's been six years, no luck. I keep trying. I hate
         | it.
        
           | mayankkaizen wrote:
           | There are lots of googlers here on HN. Message all of them.
           | Message them all the time. I am sure you'll get your issue
           | resolved.
           | 
           | I know it would be rude to keep messaging them but in the end
           | they represent Google and they are suppose to help you, at
           | least morally.
        
         | randomdata wrote:
         | _> My goodness, I couldn 't imagine a stupider way to fight
         | CSAM._
         | 
         | That's the point. It satisfies the letter of the demands from
         | the crazies, while not actually accomplishing anything, and
         | creating discourse in the rest of the population to work
         | towards realizing that we shouldn't be bending to the whims of
         | the crazies at all.
        
           | zionic wrote:
           | But that doesn't work, because the crazies will simply take
           | this victory and move the goalposts forward. They'll do so
           | emboldened by your capitulation and shame you for not
           | acquiescing earlier.
           | 
           | The only winning move is not to play.
        
             | randomdata wrote:
             | It was becoming clear that the goalposts were going to move
             | forward towards outlawing end-to-end encryption entirely.
             | This provides malicious compliance to prevent worse.
        
             | pas wrote:
             | Not really. Without not playing eventually any Big Tech
             | Corp that sticks to its guns will face opposition.
             | 
             | What Apple should do is educate people. (Of course then we
             | have the problem with corporate propaganda.)
        
         | JoshTko wrote:
         | The on device software is not an algorithm, it compares hashes
         | of an image vs a known list of hashes.
        
           | monkeyfacebag wrote:
           | I'm unclear how this is distinct from an algorithm. Can you
           | clarify?
        
         | BHSPitMonkey wrote:
         | Apple's goal is not to fight all CSAM on iPhones; Their goal is
         | to keep it out of their servers. A criminal could bypass the
         | iCloud-related checks, but they still have to contend with
         | similar measures taken by video- and file-sharing services.
        
         | soziawa wrote:
         | > Were there 20.3 million arrests of offenders?
         | 
         | I don't know of any data from the US but in Switzerland the
         | Federal Police pre sorts all reports from the NCEMC and around
         | 90% are unusable [1] and cannot be acted upon. The remaining
         | 10% are then forwarded to local authorities. There is no data I
         | know of what the final conviction rate looks like. But from
         | what I have gathered from local news paper these departments
         | are usually short staffed.
         | 
         | I suspect that the situation is similar in the US.
         | 
         | [1]: https://fedpol.report/en/fedpol-in-figures/fight-against-
         | pae...
         | 
         | Edit: Fix typo: persorts to pre sorts.
        
         | jptech wrote:
         | > AND THEN THE PERPETRATORS CAN STILL GET AWAY BY JUST TURNING
         | IT OFF??!??!?!
         | 
         | Not trying to defend Apple here, but we should keep in mind
         | that the goal for Apple is to prevent such photos from being
         | uploaded to iCloud and detecting those that do. If someone
         | turns off iCloud sync, then Apple would argue that it's not
         | their concern to scan photos saved on devices (and thank god it
         | doesn't otherwise the repercussions would have been much more
         | significant).
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | From what I've heard Facebook is one of the better places to go
         | to groom children.
         | 
         | Better would be educating people: don't use your real name or
         | upload pictures of yourself to the internet, be very careful
         | talking to strangers. Don't let younger children use social
         | media services.
        
           | runawaybottle wrote:
           | Hasn't the ship sailed already. What is TikTok but everyone's
           | little kid dancing around. We are here for a reason I think,
           | we let rampant exhibitionism go so far via social media that
           | teenagers and preteens are mimicking the compulsive sharing
           | of the adults who first seeded these platforms.
           | 
           | Now they literally need to check _everyone's_ phone for
           | illegal content.
           | 
           | Man, have I become my parents or what.
        
             | swiley wrote:
             | I don't know about your parents but mine _signed me up_ for
             | Facebook when I was a preteen (thankfully I never used it
             | and stuck to forums /IRC/wikis that all used psuedonyms.)
        
         | smoldesu wrote:
         | It's automated, weaponized doxxing. We used to worry about
         | teenagers calling the FBI on us, now we have to worry about
         | someone AirDropping you a photo album that will get you
         | arrested.
        
           | Klonoar wrote:
           | Given that it's already scanned server side, you could
           | literally do this to someone now. Both cases (client or
           | server side checking) simply require getting a user to
           | download it to a location that auto syncs to iCloud.
           | 
           | If this was as big an issue as people think, we'd have seen
           | more of it.
        
           | npteljes wrote:
           | Not sure why the downvotes - the more automation like this we
           | have, the more one can make another's life a hell, fighting
           | the false positives, and then the resulting checkered history
           | of it.
        
             | tdfx wrote:
             | I think people underestimate the black mark of even being
             | _investigated_ , much less charged by the police. Even if
             | they find you didn't do something wrong, even if they drop
             | charges, even if you are found innocent after a trial, the
             | mere record that you were ever suspected of something can
             | follow you the rest of your life.
             | 
             | The standard is supposed to be that criminals are those
             | "convicted" of crimes, but in reality the nature of risk
             | mitigation for most people and organizations means that
             | they will avoid anyone with any type of history with the
             | criminal justice system. No one will care that there was an
             | overzealous prosecutor, corrupt cops, etc. The burden falls
             | on you to prove you're innocent and even with convincing
             | evidence it may not be enough.
        
               | npteljes wrote:
               | I agree. Even being considered of doing something bad can
               | easily be life-changing - going by the example of
               | celebrities, for one. One of the secrets of the nothing
               | to hide argument is, I think, that people haven't
               | experience a thorough search on them, by some authority.
               | The situation where one "lives or dies" according to what
               | they find, and especially, on _how they interpret it_. If
               | not exposed to this, it 's much easier to think that it
               | won't happen to them, that they're not the type to be
               | exposed to things like this.
        
         | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
         | When I saw that - 20.3 million reports - I was like... hold on.
         | Apple's smaller reported numbers are probably almost completely
         | accurate, whereas that 20 million number is almost guaranteed
         | to be mostly wrong.
         | 
         | Who really made the mistake? The one reporting cases that are
         | almost definitely true? Or the one reporting so many false
         | cases that authorities are buried in false reports?
        
           | michaelmrose wrote:
           | For any population you test wherein the true positive rate is
           | very low even a very low false positive rate will produce
           | overwhelmingly false positives.
           | 
           | Also you could trivially have 1 bad guy with thousands of
           | photos being accounted as 5,000 reports instead of 1 report
           | listing 5000 images.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nullc wrote:
           | > Apple's smaller reported numbers are probably almost
           | completely accurate
           | 
           | Where are the hundreds of prosecutions resulting from apple's
           | reports? I can't find them: https://courtlistener.com/
        
           | fistynuts wrote:
           | Listen to the story of any former Facebook content filtering
           | employee and you would not be surprised by that figure. They
           | have horrific jobs that leave them with PTSD and drive some
           | to suicide. Also it's worth mentioning that 20 million
           | flagged images does not mean 20 million unique offenders.
        
         | mycall wrote:
         | > JUST TURNING IT OFF
         | 
         | Or just apply image filters to the data, that will kill any
         | neural network detection (since there is an infinite number of
         | filters, specially the deep fake ones).
        
         | deckard1 wrote:
         | It's the general problem that if the violations and negative PR
         | hurt more than false positives, then they will err on the side
         | of being wrong. Which means more people demonetized/banned.
         | We're all just collateral damage.
         | 
         | As for the 20.3 million reports, Facebook probably decided it
         | was better to bury the authorities in a massive pile of
         | paperwork than to see a day in court. Plus they get to claim
         | they are doing something.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | ab_testing wrote:
       | I think the real test would be the sales of the upcoming iPhone
       | 13 . If Apple sees a material difference in their sales, they
       | might consider changing that policy.
       | 
       | However as things stand now, with Apple trying to move more of
       | their revenue to services and the general stickiness of the
       | Apple's platform, this change would be palatable to most users.
        
         | frickinLasers wrote:
         | > If Apple sees a material difference in their sales, they
         | might consider changing that policy.
         | 
         | I think the problem is that it's too late; they expended the
         | effort to build the engine into iOS 15. As far as we know the
         | FBI couldn't compel them to write code like this (see the case
         | with the San Bernardino shooter), but it's easy to believe they
         | could compel Apple to maintain this backdoor in the future.
        
         | Skunkleton wrote:
         | I probably won't buy another iPhone at this point. I'm in a
         | tough position because I have said the same about Android for
         | other reasons.
         | 
         | In the end, all I can say for sure is that I have lost my
         | enthusiasm for consumer technology.
        
           | maerF0x0 wrote:
           | I dont blame you. After all this change is retroactive to all
           | iPhones, and you might see the iPhone 14 removes the
           | scanning. But then iPhone 15 re-adds it. You're at their
           | mercy.
        
           | amanaplanacanal wrote:
           | Yeah I hear you.
           | 
           | I started playing with computers in the early 80s. It was so
           | much fun I made it my career. Computers and the internet were
           | what was exciting and what I spent my time and energy with.
           | 
           | Now I'm retired, and the exciting promise of all this
           | technology has taken such a dark turn that I'm honestly less
           | and less involved with it all. Better to spend time in my
           | garden, or in nature, or eating and drinking with friends.
        
       | Tycho wrote:
       | Brilliant guerrilla marketing move, really: anyone who chooses
       | Android over iPhone now implicitly has some very unsavoury
       | reasons for doing so. And if it was really a broader surveillance
       | initiative pushed by the government, the same implication
       | neutralises any protest.
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | They're all a bunch of commies who want to repair their stuff
         | and... own? it.
        
           | coolspot wrote:
           | Private property is the opposite of communism.
        
         | briefcomment wrote:
         | As long as false positives are a thing, there are very
         | practical reasons for switching, especially for those who have
         | kids.
         | 
         | I wouldn't be surprised if a completely innocent false positive
         | gets you put on a list indefinitely, with little recourse.
        
           | whisps wrote:
           | False positives of the kind you're thinking of aren't
           | possible--it's checking for hashes that match known bad
           | images, not running machine learning/image detection to
           | detect if the photo you just took contains bad content. The
           | issue is that there's nothing stopping Apple/the government
           | from marking _anything_ it finds objectionable--like anti-
           | government free speech--as a Bad Image, beyond CSAM.
        
             | thekyle wrote:
             | False positives are possible. Apple states that their hash
             | function has about a 1 in 1 trillion chance of producing
             | one.
        
             | simion314 wrote:
             | The thing is Apple uses some custom hash thing with
             | parameters generated by AIs. As some other article shows
             | you can get conflicting hashes if some color patterns and
             | shadows match. Also the threshold they mentioned is secret
             | so it could be 1 or 2 or it could change in future.
        
             | briefcomment wrote:
             | Really, hashes are sufficiently unique? The objections I
             | saw for this news were along the lines that random images
             | could be manipulated to have hashes that match the flagged
             | cases, in a way that was undetectable by the naked eye.
        
             | watt wrote:
             | Once the policy decision is made that it can run some kind
             | of scanning, it opens the doors for any kind of scanning.
             | Today it's that "neural hash", tomorrow it's going to do
             | something even more invasive.
        
             | acuozzo wrote:
             | > it's checking for hashes that match known bad images
             | 
             | Many of the hashes provided by the NCMEC are MD5. There are
             | going to be false positives left and right.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | throwprvcyaway wrote:
             | Doesn't the hash change by exporting a photo as a new file
             | type or by changing a few pixels in photoshop?
             | 
             | If this was the FINAL solution to catch every last child
             | pornographer in one glorious roundup MAYBE it would be
             | worth the massive risk of authoritarian abuse but this
             | algorithm sounds stupidly easy to get around for the
             | deviants while still throwing our collective privacy under
             | the bus.
        
               | ratww wrote:
               | This is a PhotoDNA hash, not a file-content hash. It is a
               | bit more powerful than a normal hash:
               | 
               |  _> In the same way that PhotoDNA can match an image that
               | has been altered to avoid detection, PhotoDNA for Video
               | can find child sexual exploitation content that's been
               | edited or spliced into a video that might otherwise
               | appear harmless_
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhotoDNA
        
         | sharken wrote:
         | It is not a surveillance initiative yet, but it will be trivial
         | to expand upon the scanning capabilities once established.
         | 
         | You have more trust in Apple, something i don't. So we see this
         | change in a different light.
        
       | andrewmcwatters wrote:
       | In reality, these devices are so complex, we really have no clue
       | what they're already doing, and we've only found out about some
       | of the more recent absurd things they're doing due to flaws with
       | their implementations, such as MacBooks calling out to Apple
       | before you can login after wake causing abnormally long wake
       | times when network conditions are less than ideal or you're
       | connected over international VPN, or calling out to their servers
       | every time you launch an app.
       | 
       | They could have not told us this at all, and we wouldn't have
       | found out until some hacker playing around with network
       | interfaces noticed unusual traffic going to Apple's iCloud
       | servers from the bird daemon.
       | 
       | What Apple is doing is distasteful to me, but I'm afraid the
       | market is so poor in comparison, I don't know what else you could
       | purchase besides Dell XPS systems running Ubuntu.
       | 
       | But there's no phone version of that, to my knowledge.
        
         | ZekeSulastin wrote:
         | If you don't mind custom ROMs etc, Pixels with GrapheneOS or
         | similar?
        
           | andrewmcwatters wrote:
           | Yeah, my thought was the latest Pixel, flashed with
           | something. But I'm not up-to-date on that world. I've never
           | had an Android device as a personal device.
        
       | intrasight wrote:
       | I recently got a new iPhone for the better camera. Did this
       | rather than getting a camera. Now I'm wondering how long it'll be
       | before cameras will also have CSAM scanning.
       | 
       | It also leads me to this question about CSAM. If it only
       | recognizes existing photos, then it's of no use for photos that I
       | take. So perhaps CSAM on a dedicated camera will never be a
       | thing, and people will gravitate back to such cameras.
       | 
       | Also leads to this question. If Apple isn't scanning my photos (
       | for which there is no CSAM fingerprint), what photos are they
       | scanning? Things that showed up in my browser?
        
       | baggy_trough wrote:
       | There is little difference between Apple's proposal and a
       | continuously running AI snitch examining your display output for
       | forbidden thoughts and images.
        
       | chovybizzass wrote:
       | Coming soon. Illegal meme hash scanning
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Copyright scanning. Show us you legitimately bought and have a
         | license to this content. Worry not if you don't, the fines are
         | automatic with Apple Pay.
        
         | ezekg wrote:
         | Also on the roadmap: scanning for images of illegal firearms.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | robertoandred wrote:
           | Scanning for arbitrary subjects is wildly impractical. There
           | are, what, trillions of photographs of guns in the world?
        
           | nuclearnice1 wrote:
           | Scanning photos for images of suspects in crimes. Checking
           | location info on photos for evidence for investigation.
           | 
           | Scanning texts for online bullying and sexual harassment.
           | 
           | Searching bank statements for tax compliance and money
           | laundering.
        
       | ComputerGuru wrote:
       | This entire analysis is based off a flawed assumption - that it's
       | a matter of proactiveness and not a nature of platform
       | differences that causes the reported CSAM numbers disparity.
       | 
       | A social networking site/platform is one where previously created
       | media is shared. iMessage pictures are not uploaded to iCloud
       | Photos by default (they are part of the usually E2E content with
       | the standard online backup caveat), only photo albums or photo
       | rolls are - and those are overwhelmingly first or second party
       | just-created content.
       | 
       | This means that if comparing against known CSAM hashes, it's
       | extremely likely for Apple to find orders of magnitude less
       | content in the first place. The only thing that their system can
       | catch is first-party images that end up being distributed and
       | registered with the various hash databases.
       | 
       | Regardless of whether we are talking CSAM or anything else, it is
       | the norm for the amount of content "created" to be significantly
       | (as in several orders of magnitude) less than the material
       | consumed.
       | 
       | I don't think scanning on the device vs scanning in the cloud is
       | going to change any of that.
        
         | bloopernova wrote:
         | Will a neural hash of every picture be uploaded to Apple?
         | 
         | If so, any abusive pictures that are discovered during
         | pedophile ring arrests could be traced back to the phone that
         | took them.
        
           | ComputerGuru wrote:
           | I don't believe any non-matching hashes are uploaded (that's
           | part of the crypto work that has been done) but the device
           | will periodically rescan previously ingested content, as I
           | understand it.
        
             | tehnub wrote:
             | All are uploaded but only when the secret sharing threshold
             | is met are any of them decryptable, and then it's only the
             | ones that were a match that can be decrypted.
        
       | snyp wrote:
       | But isn't apple just hashing the image and then matching it with
       | the CSAN database on the cloud? Thats how the feature works no?
        
       | throwaway09223 wrote:
       | This article has what I would consider a major error. It
       | attributes Facebook's CSAM reporting to "scanning."
       | 
       | In truth, the issue is that photos are put on Facebook to share
       | with others and other people will be looking at them and
       | reporting them. Facebook does look at content as well, but the
       | reporting numbers are guaranteed to be vastly different simply
       | because one is a sharing platform and the other is a means to
       | back up your private data.
        
       | sharken wrote:
       | This is shaping up to be a monumental mistake for Apple, which by
       | now should result in scrapping all client-side scanning.
       | 
       | If not, it will be an interesting test of how many users Apple
       | will lose over this.
       | 
       | Those Apple devices i might upgrade will now be put on hold, it
       | is simply unacceptable what Apple is doing.
        
         | cageface wrote:
         | Even if Apple decides to roll this back they've made it clear
         | to me that I can't afford to be too locked into their
         | ecosystem. With more open platforms you have options if you
         | disagree with decisions made by any one vendor. With Apple you
         | have no other options.
        
         | websites2023 wrote:
         | >If not, it will be an interesting test of how many users Apple
         | will lose over this.
         | 
         | Lose.. to whom? PinePhone? Not trying to be flippant, but...
         | there is no longer any option for the common user.
         | 
         | No, my elderly mother is not going to download and flash a
         | custom de-googled ROM for her OnePlus 9 Pro. Pure fantasy that
         | Apple will lose users because of this. This is a nonstory to
         | everyone who lives and works east of Tahoe.
        
           | sharken wrote:
           | As far as I know Android devices do not implement the scheme
           | that Apple is considering.
           | 
           | But you're right that some users absolutely do not care (or
           | can only use Apple devices), they will now give up their
           | right to privacy.
           | 
           | But you don't have to look that far to see that a lot of
           | users disagree with what Apple is doing here.
        
             | websites2023 wrote:
             | >As far as I know Android devices do not implement the
             | scheme that Apple is considering.
             | 
             | No, instead they just scan everything you upload to their
             | service: https://support.google.com/transparencyreport/answ
             | er/1033093...
        
         | robertoandred wrote:
         | It's interesting how everyone used to be all in favor of
         | Apple's strategy of doing all photo analysis on the device
         | instead of on some remote server, and now it's reversed.
         | Suddenly Google's approach is better?
        
           | josephcsible wrote:
           | The advantage of doing analysis on your device was supposed
           | to be that your data never left your device. Now you get the
           | worst of both worlds, with your device doing the analysis but
           | your data leaving anyway.
        
             | robertoandred wrote:
             | iCloud photos always left your device.
        
           | ratww wrote:
           | Nothing changed. The issue is the same for both situations:
           | possible communication with remote servers.
           | 
           | If the scanning here was happening and merely notifying the
           | user, there wouldn't be a problem. Or course, it would be
           | completely useless to catch criminals.
        
       | PostThisTooFast wrote:
       | This is such a stupid argument. Apple is not comparable to
       | Facebook because Apple is NOT PUBLISHING YOUR MEDIA.
       | 
       | Anyone too dumb to make that distinction should not be weighing
       | in on the matter.
        
       | gmac wrote:
       | _It's truly disappointing that Apple got so hung up on its
       | particular vision of privacy that it ended up betraying the
       | fulcrum of user control: being able to trust that your device is
       | truly yours._
       | 
       | This is it. Of course I'd like child pornographers to be caught.
       | 
       | But right now my expensive phone will be using up valuable charge
       | looking for photos that aren't there.
       | 
       | And in future I can't be sure it won't be searching for evidence
       | of support for the political opposition. (This is not only China
       | or Gulf states: democracy seems on pretty shaky ground in the US,
       | UK and elsewhere right now).
        
         | Klonoar wrote:
         | What makes you think this will churn battery? It's one extra
         | processing step that's run before a photo syncs and then
         | cached. You don't sync every photo every time.
         | 
         | Out of all the arguments on this site against this feature, the
         | battery bit is by far the most unfounded one and super odd to
         | see repeated on a technical forum.
        
           | gmac wrote:
           | I agree it's probably not very much battery at all. But it's
           | not going to be none either, so the principle remains: it's
           | my phone using my electricity to check up on me without my
           | consent. I really don't like that.
        
       | GiorgioG wrote:
       | I've likely bought my last Apple device.
        
       | 1cvmask wrote:
       | This invasive capability on the device level is a massive
       | intrusion on everyone's privacy and there will be no limits for
       | governments to expand it's reach once implemented. The scope will
       | always broaden.
       | 
       | From the article:
       | 
       | Apple's choices in this case, though, go in the opposite
       | direction: instead of adding CSAM-scanning to iCloud Photos in
       | the cloud that they own-and-operate, Apple is compromising the
       | phone that you and I own-and-operate, without any of us having a
       | say in the matter. Yes, you can turn off iCloud Photos to disable
       | Apple's scanning, but that is a policy decision; the capability
       | to reach into a user's phone now exists, and there is nothing an
       | iPhone user can do to get rid of it.
       | 
       | A far better solution to the "Flickr problem" I started with is
       | to recognize that the proper point of comparison is not the
       | iPhone and Facebook, but rather Facebook and iCloud. One's device
       | ought be one's property, with all of the expectations of
       | ownership and privacy that entails; cloud services, meanwhile,
       | are the property of their owners as well, with all of the
       | expectations of societal responsibility and law-abiding which
       | that entails. It's truly disappointing that Apple got so hung up
       | on its particular vision of privacy that it ended up betraying
       | the fulcrum of user control: being able to trust that your device
       | is truly yours.
        
         | endisneigh wrote:
         | This is an interesting comment. If you had an Apple device it
         | was never truly yours to begin with.
        
           | pdimitar wrote:
           | If you own a device with builtin software that synchronizes
           | part of the data on it to the cloud then it was never truly
           | yours to begin with**
           | 
           | Fixed it for you. I hope you are not implying that Google,
           | whose bread and butter has been selling personal information,
           | has resisted the temptation for all these years?
           | 
           | I use Apple and it's an informed choice. I am pretty
           | realistic about their practices. And realistically we don't
           | have a choice. Either you use a smartphone and it's a Swiss
           | cheese of security vulnerabilities -- worst of which are
           | embedded in the device on purpose! -- or you don't use a
           | smartphone at all. This is the era we're living in.
           | 
           | I hope that custom ROM Android communities can win and give
           | us back some freedom but I am skeptical. Still, I am open to
           | try some of the de-bloated Xiaomi ROMs at one point. Or maybe
           | put LineageOS / PostmarketOS on them.
        
             | endisneigh wrote:
             | I didn't mention Google at all, not sure why you brought it
             | up
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Because I dislike the implication that only Apple is
               | doing it. No. Everybody is doing it. Apple was just the
               | first to publicly admit it. Doesn't make it better, sure,
               | but let's not delude ourselves at least. No company can
               | resist using all that valuable personal data on the
               | smartphones.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | I didn't imply only Apple is doing it either
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Let's not argue over this all day. :)
               | 
               | The fact that you only mentioned Apple makes it a safe
               | assumption that you only meant Apple. I chimed in to
               | specify that I believe everyone is doing it, and let's
               | stop at that. There's no prize to fight over here.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | It's an article about Apple so I only mentioned Apple
               | lol. While we're at it we should mention Microsoft
               | probably does this too. Probably Snap as well.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Pretty sure they do, yeah. :)
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | The thing no one seems to be discussing here as this topic
         | arises again and again is that the problem being addressed is
         | Apple's problem, not the problem of anyone who purchases an
         | Apple computer. Apple's "solution" is to create a new problem
         | for all Apple purchasers.
         | 
         | The majority of Apple hardware purchasers are probably not
         | engaged in illegal activity. Yet all Apple purchasers are being
         | forced to pay the price for Apple's mistake. Apple's hands are
         | not clean.
         | 
         | No Apple purchaser ever intentionally requested that Apple copy
         | their files to servers in Apple datacenters, or that Apple
         | perform encryption intsead of the user, store and forward the
         | user's personal messages through servers in Apple datacenters.
         | Those were business decisions that Apple made to benefit Apple.
         | 
         | Technology allows, all computer users are quite capable of
         | storing their files on their own portable media, and many are
         | capable of encrypting and then sending messages directly to
         | others, peer-to-peer, without leaving a copy with a third
         | party. Technology allows, Apple has choices. No purchaser ever
         | demanded that device storage capacity be reduced or ports for
         | removable media be removed. Nor did any purchaser ever demand
         | that her message be stored with Apple. Those are choices made
         | by Apple, not users. Users should have choices too. Instead
         | they are corralled into a user-hostile vision of personal
         | computing that props up the world's wealthiest companies who
         | horde money offshore while their domicile country falls into
         | chaotic decline.
         | 
         | As the parent comment states, "One's device ought to be one's
         | property..." Apple has actively and aggressively sought to
         | overcome this basic tenet of common sense. As people online
         | argue about "misinformation" please stop and consider the
         | "lies" that Apple and the companies they compete with are
         | telling the public about what exactly it is they do. Apple has
         | taken Jobs' idea of the "Reality Distortion Field" too far.
         | 
         | Computer users need quality hardware. Apple can design and
         | assemble it and be the best at what they do. Users do not need
         | to be manipulated by a hardware vendor after purchase. Where
         | did that idea come from. The sad fact is the "new" Apple is not
         | competing with other hardware vendors. No other vendor even
         | comes close. Apple has set its sights on competing with "tech"
         | (middleman) companies that do nefarious things and cover up the
         | truth. Apple wants user data after purchase. Why. To compete
         | with "tech" (middleman) companies. Bad decision. Users pay the
         | price.
         | 
         | The easiest way Apple could have fixed this problem with
         | storing illegal files would be to stop storing user files and
         | messages! Be a hardware company. Let purchasers use portable
         | storage or arrange their own "cloud storage" with a more
         | "competent" provider (let another company deal with the
         | inherent flaws of the "cloud" concept^1). Let users discover
         | how to encrypt their own data and use peer-to-peer
         | transmission. Let them use the Apple computer to write programs
         | without needing "permission" from Apple. Apple has only tried
         | to hide these basic capabilities and competencies from the
         | majority of new computer users, strengthening the "Reality
         | Distortion Field".
         | 
         | A long line of bad decisions from a hardware company we once
         | admired. They just keep getting worse. And all for what. Greed.
         | Immense untaxed cash reserves held offshore. Why not be a
         | hardware company and stop trying to compete with "tech"
         | (middleman) company surveillance. Why keep dumbing down and
         | locking down what a former CEO once called a "bicycle for the
         | mind".
         | 
         | 1. "Cloud" is a synonym for "someone else's computer." "Cloud
         | storage" is another way of saying "storing files on someone
         | else's computer". Perhaps "Apple" is also a synonym for
         | "someone elses's computer". If Aple can exercise control over a
         | computer after they sell it, how it is not still theirs.
         | Purchasers are just "users", not owners.
        
         | caconym_ wrote:
         | > It's truly disappointing that Apple got so hung up on its
         | particular vision of privacy that it ended up betraying the
         | fulcrum of user control: being able to trust that your device
         | is truly yours.
         | 
         | Well said.
         | 
         | It's very easy to understand that content on a physical disk I
         | own will not be scanned by some government-friendly
         | surveillance program, and content I upload to somebody else's
         | servers will. I am comfortable with [subsets of] my files
         | existing on both sides of this distinction, but only because I
         | understand it.
         | 
         | Now Apple is letting the surveillance apparatus reach into my
         | own physical hardware, blurring the lines with some
         | overwrought, proprietary crypto-gobbledygook solution. Given
         | the details they've provided, I get why they might have thought
         | this was in line with their general privacy ethos of keeping
         | everything on-device, but the fact is that it is too
         | complicated to build a reliable understanding of in my mental
         | model of my own data privacy--and that's for somebody (me) who
         | is quite technical and has even dabbled in crypto.
         | 
         | Now that I no longer understand Apple's practices as a steward
         | of my private data, I can no longer trust them with it. It's a
         | real shame.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | >It's very easy to understand that content on a physical disk
           | I own will not be scanned by some government-friendly
           | surveillance program, and content I upload to somebody else's
           | servers will. I am comfortable with [subsets of] my files
           | existing on both sides of this distinction, but only because
           | I understand it.
           | 
           | According to Apple, the only content being scanned are the
           | images you are storing in iCloud. So how is this breaking
           | your rule?
        
             | vineyardmike wrote:
             | > According to Apple, the only content being scanned are
             | the images you are storing in iCloud
             | 
             | Thats the whole point of this debate. TODAY (if you trust
             | apple is honest) it's only stuff being stored in icloud.
             | But there is no technical reason for this to be true - just
             | a "policy" reason. The scanner is already deployed to
             | devices, we already let in the trojan horse. Tomorrow, the
             | rules could change (and we might not know)
        
             | caconym_ wrote:
             | This is breaking my "rule" because the detection is being
             | moved device-side as part of a complicated scheme I don't
             | believe it's realistically possible for an outsider to have
             | a complete and persistently correct understanding of. Thus,
             | I do not trust myself to fully understand the attack
             | surface I'm exposing, and that is something I'm not
             | personally comfortable with.
             | 
             | I thought this was fairly clear from the later parts of my
             | comment.
        
             | Clubber wrote:
             | "The USA PATRIOT act will only be used against terrorist
             | threats." 12 years later, Edward Snowden proved otherwise.
             | 
             | The world is a much different place than when I grew up in
             | the 80s. I can't imagine what it would look like in another
             | 40 years. I hope I'm dead by then, because it doesn't seem
             | like it's going to a place I want to live in.
        
           | dpkonofa wrote:
           | I feel like there's a third option here, though, in that
           | Apple is very likely trying to get ahead of what's likely to
           | be requests from the government that they won't be able to
           | just not abide by. This already happens to every hosting and
           | storage provider and it's entirely plausible that politicians
           | will start publicly wringing their hands to try and justify
           | an actual invasion of privacy where "the government" will be
           | able to scan devices (and even require it from manufacturers)
           | in the interest of "saving the children". This (and I realize
           | it assumes good intentions on behalf of the actors involved)
           | seems to be an attempt to get ahead of that kind of situation
           | by saying "we'll scan things if we're 99% sure they're
           | breaking the law" but we don't want to violate people's
           | privacy. The iCloud vs Facebook comparison is great and noble
           | and all but how long do we honestly think that'll stand up
           | before the politicians move past that argument and onto the
           | next one.
           | 
           | When it stops being about the children, it'll be about the
           | terrorists. When it stops being about the terrorists, it'll
           | be about whatever the next excuse is. This seems like a
           | compromise between those unfortunate scenarios - upholding
           | privacy (we don't see the content) while still attempting to
           | solve for the problems that privacy inherently allows for (we
           | can still identify CP).
        
             | fossuser wrote:
             | Yeah - my read of this is Apple wants to increase their e2e
             | adoption while still handling CSAM in a way that gets them
             | an okay from the regulators.
             | 
             | Ben Thompson's suggested approach for them in this article
             | is to just do the unencrypted iCloud model with normal CSAM
             | reporting like FB does and make that the tradeoff.
             | 
             | Apple actually wants things to be _more_ secure by
             | encrypting everything e2e with this CSAM hash approach to
             | still fulfill that obligation (and protect themselves from
             | future regulatory requirements that are more broad).
             | 
             | Reasonable people can disagree on these approaches to
             | policy, but it's not obvious that Apple's move here is
             | strictly worse for end users - if they do make moves to e2e
             | then it's arguably better for user privacy to do it the way
             | they're doing it.
        
               | aborsy wrote:
               | Yeah, good cop, bad cop, game.
               | 
               | Bad cop: I want access to all your information.
               | 
               | Good cop: Oh, these guys are after you. Let me see if I
               | can intervene for you. I can implement a selective
               | limited search, that make these bureaucrats happy and at
               | the same time will protect you. I am on your side, I hate
               | them too. This is the best practical solution.
        
               | feanaro wrote:
               | It's been said elsewhere, but it bears repeating: E2EE is
               | useless if the ends are compromised.
               | 
               | Furthermore, since the end is compromised, it's no longer
               | a true end. The true end is the user and a system
               | compromised in this way doesn't offer any guarantees to
               | the user.
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | I don't agree with apples approach. But it's worth being
               | clear that the hash scanning they propose doesn't
               | fundamentally break e2e, except for files which match the
               | hash. Yes it might be possible to adversarially create
               | collisions, but that is an edge case.
               | 
               | What is actually bad about their plan is the potential
               | for scope creep and might wider scanning in the future.
               | Your own, handwritten messages and personal photos can be
               | secure even while this destroys many freedoms and lives.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | Why are you assuming the end is compromised? What makes
               | you say it is in the first place?
        
             | nullc wrote:
             | > Apple is very likely trying to get ahead of what's likely
             | to be requests from the government that they won't be able
             | to just not abide by
             | 
             | No. Don't make that excuses for them. If it were true it
             | would be a shocking revelation which might result in
             | thousands of cases being overturned.
             | 
             | If the NCMEC searches by providers are being done as a
             | result of government coercion then the fourth amendment
             | requires there be a search warrant. Since there isn't one,
             | these searches would all be _unlawful_ if there was
             | coercion.
             | 
             | Thus far, tech companies like Google and AOL have gone out
             | of their way to testify that there is no coercion (I
             | haven't found a case involving Apple).
             | 
             | If there were coercion it would be a _shocking_ conspiracy.
             | I wouldn 't argue that it's impossible: The USG has done
             | some shockingly unethical and illegal things in the past
             | but it fails occams razor.
             | 
             | Moreover, the excuse doesn't actually make apple look
             | better: Instead of being a corporation compromising user
             | privacy and security for commercial gain, they'd be an
             | active participant in a conspiracy to violate the US
             | constitution.
             | 
             | Apple is doing this because they believe they'll make more
             | money this way, and because they believe the complaints
             | raised here about people rejecting devices betraying their
             | trust are fundamentally inconsequential.
             | 
             | Show them otherwise, don't make excuses. Don't blame the
             | government. The government may well be to blame too, but
             | Apple's actions are apple's fault.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | > If the NCMEC searches by providers are being done as a
               | result of government coercion then the fourth amendment
               | requires there be a search warrant. Since there isn't
               | one, these searches would all be unlawful if there was
               | coercion.
               | 
               | Not a US citizen, so I'm not familiar with this argument.
               | As I understand it the government isn't searching
               | anything themselves so would the requirement for a search
               | warrant apply?
               | 
               | I think what the US government is requiring is that if a
               | service provider comes across CSAM they must report it.
               | Since I don't see why searching your own service would be
               | anything to do with search warrants either, is it
               | constitutional to make such a requirement for other
               | reasons?
               | 
               | Finally even if Apple could avoid this requirement, which
               | they seem to have largely been doing until now, was it
               | viable for them to continue like that? Even without a
               | legal mandate to actively search for CSAM, knowing there
               | must be millions of unreported CSAM images on their
               | service can't have been a comfortable position to be in.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | > _Not a US citizen, so I'm not familiar with this
               | argument. As I understand it the government isn't
               | searching anything themselves so would the requirement
               | for a search warrant apply?_
               | 
               | There's a difference between cops paying someone to break
               | into a suspect's house to steal evidence without a
               | warrant, and a 3rd party that, while doing business,
               | comes across material that might be criminal evidence.
               | 
               | The former case, in the US, falls under the doctrine of
               | the "fruit of the poisonous tree"[1]. Evidence collected
               | illicitly won't be allowed in court, and any evidence or
               | argument based on the tainted evidence can be thrown out,
               | as well.
               | 
               | I think the line is blurred with the system in the OP,
               | where it seems like it kind of fits the latter case. It's
               | fuzzy to me when parties are working in tandem with law
               | enforcement, even going as far as running law
               | enforcement's own systems voluntarily, or collecting or
               | giving up information without a warrant when simply
               | asked. To me, that seems a lot more like former case,
               | where the government persuades someone to collect
               | evidence on their behalf without warrants or subpoenas.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit_of_the_poisonous_tree
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | > voluntarily
               | 
               | In the US, that is currently where we've drawn the line.
               | 
               | They can cooperate, but it has to be voluntarily and the
               | private party can't be government-by-another-name (e.g.
               | not NCMEC which has a special legislative permission to
               | handle child porn and is overwhelmingly funded by the
               | government), but an actual private party.
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | If the government requires or otherwise coerces someone
               | to perform the search, then the searching party is acting
               | as an agent of the government and is equally subject to
               | the fourth amendment. Similarly, the government can't
               | create a privileged entity like NCMEC and allow it to
               | search without a warrant and pretend it's not the
               | government doing.
               | 
               | What is permitted is that if a private entity of their
               | own free will and self interest searches and then finds
               | something, the government can require them to make a
               | report when they found something. Just as you say.
               | 
               | But the government cannot require them to search in the
               | first place, not without extending the fourth amendment
               | protection against search.
               | 
               | Apple can decide that the commercial value of reducing
               | the risk that they're accused of helping perverts is
               | greater to them than the commercial value of respecting
               | the customers privacy. Indeed. But lets call that what it
               | is, and not make excuses that they're forced to search:
               | They're not. They are choosing to search.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | Take your argument one step further - the government
               | knows this and starts issuing warrants for exactly these
               | situations. Now, Apple is in a position where they have
               | to violate their user's privacy _and_ share content in
               | order to comply with the search warrants. The new system
               | allows them to comply with warrants without ever knowing
               | or needing to know what the contents of users' phones are
               | and only in cases where it's _known_ that illegal content
               | exists. Apple can't divulge any other content from the
               | users' devices because it doesn't have it or know what it
               | is in the first place.
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | A warrant must name the specific persons/places/things to
               | be searched. A automatic dragnet search isn't required
               | with a warrant.
               | 
               | > it's known that illegal content exists
               | 
               | A point of clarification: The system divulges the
               | encryption keys to content when the content's "perceptual
               | hash" matches one in the database the specific user is
               | being tested against. Apple claims that the hashes are
               | provided by NCMEC "and other parties". It is already
               | known that the NCMEC databases has at least some hits for
               | non-illegal content. Who knows what these databases might
               | contain in the future. There is certainly no structural
               | requirement in the system that the content is illegal or
               | some specific kind of illegal.
               | 
               | For users in Thailand the apple database could just as
               | well be full of hashes of cartoons insulting to the
               | monarch (which are illegal there, as I understand it) and
               | no one would be able to tell, at least not before apple
               | users started being rounded up and summarily executed.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | Yes but the criteria for a warrant can be nothing more
               | than reasonable suspicion. So a warrant could be issued
               | for access to someone's entire device regardless of
               | whether objectionable content exists on it or not.
               | Theoretically, a government could issue a warrant for
               | every single person's phone and get what they want. This
               | prevents anything even close to that from happening
               | because users aren't required to provide the keys and
               | Apple won't have them unless that content matches what's
               | on the list.
               | 
               | On your second point, yes... that's a very real
               | possibility and one that I'm sure Apple has already
               | considered and has responded to.
        
               | usaman wrote:
               | >> If there were coercion it would be a shocking
               | conspiracy.
               | 
               | This comment is as if the 2001-2010 decade never
               | happened. Secret wiretaps. Secret Evidence. Overseas
               | torture facilities. Imprisonment without charges. What
               | makes you think that checks and balances would
               | miraculously appear after having disappeared for over a
               | decade.
               | 
               | NOTE: this is a USA-centric viewpoint
        
               | strken wrote:
               | Those are examples of shocking conspiracies that got
               | uncovered. Illegal wiretapping and Guantanamo Bay ended
               | up in the news and we're still talking about them now.
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | But nobody apologies for them or went to prison. There is
               | little to believe the don't continue.
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | I would not argue that the conspiracy is impossible, but
               | if it exists then it makes Apple's actions _less_
               | excusable instead of more excusable.
               | 
               | If the conspiracy exists Apple is an active participant
               | in secretly and illegally undermining the constitutional
               | rights of well over a hundred million Americans. If the
               | conspiracy does not exist, then they're simply lawfully
               | invading people's privacy in order to improve their
               | profits.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | I'm not making excuses. The government can mandate that
               | Apple monitor content uploaded to its services. All the
               | other major hosting providers do this already. The only
               | difference here is that Apple is trying to maintain
               | encryption while also giving an out. They can't give more
               | information to the government if they don't have it.
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | > The government can mandate that Apple monitor content
               | uploaded to its services.
               | 
               | In the US, if the Government were to mandate Apple search
               | the users content, then Apple would be acting as an agent
               | of the government and the searches would require a
               | warrant per the fourth amendment. This is the unambiguous
               | case law.
               | 
               | If Apple is being forced they should say so explicitly
               | rather than secretly participating in an unlawful
               | conspiracy to violate their customer's fourth amendment
               | rights.
               | 
               | Other providers, such as google, have been unambiguous in
               | their testimony in court that they are not being coerced,
               | for example quoting US v. Miller (6th Cir. 2020):
               | 
               | > Companies like Google have business reasons to make
               | these efforts to remove child pornography from their
               | systems. As a Google representative noted, "[i]f our
               | product is associated with being a haven for abusive
               | content and conduct, users will stop using our services."
               | McGoff Decl., R.33-1, PageID#161.
               | 
               | > Did Google act under compulsion? Even if a private
               | party does not perform a public function, the party's
               | action might qualify as a government act if the
               | government "has exercised coercive power or has provided
               | such significant encouragement, either overt or covert,
               | that the choice must in law be deemed to be that of the"
               | government. [...] Miller has not shown that Google's
               | hash-value matching falls on the "compulsion" side of
               | this line. He cites no law that compels or encourages
               | Google to operate its "product abuse detection system" to
               | scan for hash-value matches. Federal law disclaims such a
               | mandate. It says that providers need not "monitor the
               | content of any [customer] communication" or
               | "affirmatively search, screen, or scan" files. 18 U.S.C.
               | SS 2258A(f). Nor does Miller identify anything like the
               | government "encouragement" that the Court found
               | sufficient to turn a railroad's drug and alcohol testing
               | into "government" testing. See Skinner, 489 U.S. at 615.
               | [...] Federal law requires "electronic communication
               | service providers" like Google to notify NCMEC when they
               | become aware of child pornography. 18 U.S.C. SS 2258A(a).
               | But this mandate compels providers only to report child
               | pornography that they know of; it does not compel them to
               | search for child pornography of which they are unaware.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | I think you're missing the point. If the only thing
               | stopping the government is a warrant (which the
               | government itself can authorize) then there's nothing
               | stopping the government from just issuing those warrants.
               | It may take slightly longer to do so but they will get it
               | and all they need is reasonable suspicion to make that
               | happen. This system makes it impossible for Apple to
               | provide anything to the government outside of anything
               | that is already criminal. If the government entity gets a
               | warrant, they can simply get access to the whole device.
               | This, in theory, prevents that situation because
               | everything is encrypted and only things that are
               | confirmed as being CSAM are provided. They literally
               | can't provide something they don't have.
        
             | caconym_ wrote:
             | I don't necessarily disagree with the "getting ahead of it"
             | thing, and I do see the benefits of this strategy wrt.
             | keeping data private in the face of escalating govt
             | overreach, but I'm simply not comfortable with the
             | surveillance happening on my own physical device. It means
             | trusting proprietary software to work exactly the way it
             | claims to, which in my own experience is often not the
             | case.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | I share that concern and completely understand. My only
               | response to that concern, though, is that what you're
               | asking for is not possible without submitting the content
               | in question to Apple and I would rather they not have it
               | at all and therefore not even have the ability to go down
               | that route.
               | 
               | It's like a double airlock. If your content never leaves
               | your device, there's no way for them to provide it to
               | someone upon request. It's definitely a complicated
               | situation but I have yet to see someone provide a
               | solution for how to achieve what Apple has while never
               | transferring your data to them in the first place.
        
             | feanaro wrote:
             | > problems that privacy inherently allows for
             | 
             | I wonder how we ever survived with the level of privacy we
             | had before the advent of the internet. It must've been a
             | living hell. /s
             | 
             | Privacy is not a problem, it is necessary in order for
             | freedom from tyranny to be possible. Even if all the
             | governments of the world mandate that all communication
             | devices must be compromised like this, criminals will
             | _still_ be able to have private communication channels, but
             | lawful citizens won 't.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | I never said privacy was the problem, so your argument is
               | irrelevant. What I said is that privacy (true privacy)
               | introduces problems that we may want to solve for. You
               | can simultaneously be an advocate for user privacy while
               | agreeing that CSAM is bad and should be minimized. The
               | question is how do you maintain privacy while still being
               | able to act (especially if mandated by a government) on
               | known illegal actions. In the past, that wasn't possible.
               | Apple is suggesting that this is possible but with the
               | giant caveat that you have to be willing to put trust in
               | the way the system is developed.
        
               | BHSPitMonkey wrote:
               | I don't claim to have an ideal solution here, but to your
               | point: There weren't highly-effective global distribution
               | networks for CSAM "before the advent of the internet"
               | either. This capability has created a market for these
               | people to produce/obtain this material, and thus creates
               | financial incentives for people to abuse children in this
               | way more than in pre-internet times. There needs to be
               | some way of combating this that can keep up with this
               | growth curve, and that answer can't simply be to throw up
               | our hands and say "the criminals will always win, so
               | there's no solution worth doing".
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | This is a great response and covers what I think the crux
               | of the issue is. Technology has exacerbated a problem
               | and, rather than simply bow to that, they tried to come
               | up with a solution. Whether that solution addresses the
               | negatives of the problem without introducing other, worse
               | negatives is to be seen. On paper, it feels like they
               | have addressed the problem in a reasonable way if you
               | trust that they want to make money while absolving
               | themselves of liability. They can't violate users'
               | privacy if they don't have the ability to do so.
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | We should tackle this from the other end though. That
               | there are children so abused and isolated whilst ignored
               | by society is shameful. We need solutions that treat
               | children as humans rather than a product or contraband.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | This makes it sound like there aren't entities out there
               | who are interested in such solutions. If you have one
               | that fulfills that need, I'm sure Apple and others are
               | open to hearing it.
        
         | Aperocky wrote:
         | > now exists
         | 
         | Is this true? I've always assumed apple can always do that (if
         | they somehow needed to).
        
           | BiteCode_dev wrote:
           | They always had the potential, but now the code is there and
           | running.
        
             | zionic wrote:
             | It's like your spouse's communication has broken down,
             | they're doing things that don't make sense, and they just
             | randomly went out and bought a gun without telling you.
             | 
             | Sure, they haven't killed you in your sleep _yet_ ... but
             | they sure are acting weird and recently acquired the means
             | to do so
        
         | kumarsw wrote:
         | It's an unfortunate choice because my understanding is that
         | it's possible to match encrypted files on the cloud with CSAM,
         | assuming that Apple has the public key, and this has done
         | before in a court case as evidence leading to a conviction.
         | Maybe it's computationally prohibitive?
        
           | danudey wrote:
           | The files that iCloud Photos stores are encrypted to your
           | account and Apple can't access them. Apple scans the images
           | on your phone so that this can continue to be the case, but
           | they're doing a _perceptual match_ - i.e. determining if this
           | image looks like a modified version of the original image
           | (e.g. if it 's just been resized or re-encoded or something).
           | 
           | This way Apple can scan for CSAM without having to actually
           | violate privacy by scanning a user's images themselves.
        
             | kumarsw wrote:
             | I recall a court case where a police officer was convicted
             | of possessing CSAM on his computer. The files were
             | encrypted so the prosecution was not able to view them, but
             | they were able to demonstrate that the encrypted files
             | contained known images, I believe by encrypting a known
             | image with the same public key and demonstrating that the
             | result was binary identical. Obviously this wouldn't work
             | except for unmodified files including cropping, scaling and
             | editing metadata.
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | > _The files that iCloud Photos stores are encrypted to
             | your account and Apple can 't access them._
             | 
             | This is false[1]. Apple can decrypt them, and they can
             | decrypt them and send them to law enforcement should they
             | get subpoenas. They're encrypted at rest with keys that
             | Apple has.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-51207744
        
               | danudey wrote:
               | This article is about iCloud backups. It doesn't say
               | either way whether or not iCloud Photos are encrypted.
        
               | aborsy wrote:
               | Apple's website clearly states what components are e2e
               | encrypted. iCloud photos is not one of them:
               | 
               | https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT202303
        
         | zzyzxd wrote:
         | > Yes, you can turn off iCloud Photos to disable Apple's
         | scanning
         | 
         | To me, it is such a weird implementation. The feature is about
         | scanning on-device data, not data in iCloud, but for some
         | reason disabling iCloud is the way to opt out? Did I miss any
         | technical details?
         | 
         | Apple is always pretty OK with handing over iCloud data to
         | authorities. Not only that they have already stored Chinese
         | users iCloud data in state controlled entity, this was their
         | whole argument regarding the San Bernardino case -- on-device
         | data is user's sacred privacy, but if the shooter's phone
         | uploaded data to iCloud, they were willing to send a copy to
         | FBI in a heartbeat.
         | 
         | This makes me wonder, is iCloud the underlying technical
         | boundary for privacy?
        
           | leokennis wrote:
           | The feature is because it's illegal for Apple to
           | host/have/posses CSAM (in iCloud).
           | 
           | But Apple doesn't want to know what they host for you on
           | iCloud.
           | 
           | So they need to be sure that before something is uploaded to
           | iCloud, it's not CSAM.
           | 
           | So if you don't intend to upload to iCloud (i.e. you disable
           | iCloud on your phone), then Apple doesn't care anymore if you
           | have CSAM or not.
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | The one thing that occurred to me is that this is almost seems
         | like this is a cya, Section 230 protection in disguise. There
         | has been more discussions about Big Tech and 230, and this is
         | one way to say "Look, we are compliant on our platform. Don't
         | remove our protections or break us up, we are your friend!" It
         | also shouldn't be too surprising given how Apple has behaved in
         | China. They will only push back against the government up until
         | the point it starts to affect profits.
         | 
         | I'm also curious and I don't mean this in a judging way, but
         | are all the people who are planning to sell their iDevices also
         | going to divest all their retirement holdings from Apple? Stock
         | price is the thing that actually applies pressure. Everyone's
         | comp is based on it. What would happen if enough people
         | divested from these rent-seeking companies? We can't expect the
         | government (though they should) or companies to behave in a way
         | that is pro-consumer, but if we can align incentives we have a
         | chance.
        
         | ksec wrote:
         | I think a lot of people are either stuck with images of Apple
         | under Steve Jobs or Apple under Tim Cook's marketing.
         | 
         | It is at still nice to see people are finally asking these sort
         | of questions.
        
         | ohazi wrote:
         | > It's truly disappointing that Apple got so hung up on its
         | particular vision of privacy that it ended up betraying the
         | fulcrum of user control: being able to trust that your device
         | is truly yours.
         | 
         | Disappointing, sure, but not surprising.
         | 
         | Since the introduction of the iPhone, Apple has made it clear
         | that one of their core beliefs is that they alone know better
         | than their users. They have repeatedly demonstrated that they
         | are happy to remove user control wherever possible. Their
         | decision here fits that pattern perfectly.
        
         | GeekyBear wrote:
         | > This invasive capability on the device level is a massive
         | intrusion on everyone's privacy
         | 
         | I am a user uploading a photo to the cloud.
         | 
         | Google's servers scan photos after they are uploaded to the
         | cloud, and have done so for the past decade.
         | 
         | >a man [was] arrested on child pornography charges, after
         | Google tipped off authorities about illegal images found in the
         | Houston suspect's Gmail account
         | 
         | https://techcrunch.com/2014/08/06/why-the-gmail-scan-that-le...
         | 
         | Apple wants the device to scan the photo before it is uploaded
         | to the cloud.
         | 
         | Both are equally invasive and both can only be avoided by
         | refusing to use the cloud.
        
           | BiteCode_dev wrote:
           | I don't use the cloud. I don't even sign in an email address
           | on my android phone. That makes all the difference to me.
        
           | meterplech wrote:
           | There are many photos one could take without uploading or
           | saving them in the cloud. The question is can I safely store
           | things locally on my device without a multi-national
           | corporation being able to set the policy of what's allowed
           | there. The article cites examples of banned memes/images by
           | the Chinese government.
           | 
           | There is also the risk of algorithm mistakes. Without the
           | trust + safety team or any cloud verification, does this just
           | get immediately forward to the FBI?
           | 
           | What is the process to be made non-guilty if the Apple
           | algorithm thinks you have something illegal and you don't if
           | there is no human in the loop involved before it's forwarded
           | to authorities?
           | 
           | At least if you upload to a service someone on the trust +
           | safety team can verify the algo worked properly. I would be
           | very nervous building this kind of system of the risk of
           | false positives! Maybe even so nervous to introduce many more
           | false negatives - which is in itself terrible in the case of
           | something like CSAM.
        
             | danudey wrote:
             | Here's how it works, in short:
             | 
             | 1. Images which are going to be uploaded to iCloud are
             | matched against known hashes. A match has to be very close
             | in order to actually be flagged as a match. The results are
             | uploaded to iCloud Photos along with your image. 2. If your
             | account hits a sufficient threshold of matches (i.e. you
             | have to have multiple/many images matched) then Apple is
             | alerted and they are able to decrypt low-resolution
             | versions of the relevant stored images. 3. Apple's team
             | performs a manual review of the images to ensure that they
             | are in fact inappropriate images and not false positives.
             | 4. If any of the matched images are actually illegal, then
             | Apple reports you to the authorities.
             | 
             | In other words, there are several safeguards in this
             | process:
             | 
             | 1. Only if you're uploading files are the files matched. 2.
             | Only if the matches are very close are they considered
             | matches. 3. Only if you have multiple very close matches is
             | Apple able to decrypt the low-res versions of the images
             | themselves. 4. Only if a human reviewer discovers any of
             | the decrypted low-res images to be illegal content is any
             | of your information shared with anyone else.
             | 
             | In my opinion, this is a vastly better system than
             | literally any other cloud provider at the moment; it allows
             | Apple to find and report even more CSAM with effectively no
             | risk of reporting false-positives to law enforcement, while
             | also preserving your privacy through encryption in transit
             | and at rest.
        
             | GeekyBear wrote:
             | > The question is can I safely store things locally on my
             | device without a multi-national corporation being able to
             | set the policy of what's allowed there.
             | 
             | Didn't Microsoft just start removing people's torrent
             | clients from their computer without permission and announce
             | that you wouldn't be allowed to use your own PC running
             | Windows 11 Home without using an online Microsoft account
             | to log in?
        
           | Clubber wrote:
           | >Both are equally invasive and both can only be avoided by
           | refusing to use the cloud.
           | 
           | Technically Apple can do a scan regardless of wether or not
           | you posted it to iCloud if they so desired to, or were
           | ordered to.
        
             | GeekyBear wrote:
             | Technically, Google can sell the entire trove of data they
             | have collected about you to anyone willing to write them a
             | check.
             | 
             | Do you think it's likely they will do so?
        
               | Clubber wrote:
               | The difference is you don't put your data in Google's
               | cloud, they can't sell it. With this Apple change on your
               | local device, you don't have any recourse other than get
               | a different phone.
               | 
               | Also, Google sells your data already don't they? Probably
               | not a great counterpoint.
               | 
               | https://www.tampabay.com/news/2021/05/07/google-selling-
               | user...
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | Again, the only thing different here is that when you
               | upload a photo to the cloud, Apple scans it on device
               | before the file is uploaded, while Google scans it on
               | their server after it is uploaded.
               | 
               | Nothing is happening to files you don't attempt to upload
               | to the cloud.
               | 
               | Also, if Google is selling everyone's data to third party
               | data brokers, it's news to me.
        
               | Clubber wrote:
               | >Nothing is happening to files you don't attempt to
               | upload to the cloud.
               | 
               | I am aware, but because the scanner now exists on the
               | device, they have the capability of scanning images on
               | your device regardless of whether or not you upload it to
               | the cloud if they so choose to _OR ARE ORDERED TO_. Do
               | you not see the difference in capability?
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | "Google has the capability to upload images from your
               | device and could choose to upload every image IF ORDERED
               | TO."
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | By that logic, Google is every bit as vulnerable to being
               | ordered to scan all files on Android devices.
        
               | NewLogic wrote:
               | This is classic what-aboutism, yes they are both equally
               | bad scenarios. Apple is just one-step closer with
               | capability already deployed.
        
               | Clubber wrote:
               | So you are saying Google can access your device at any
               | time and pull all data from it, even if you didn't upload
               | it to their servers!? No thanks on either. I'm not sure
               | "other companies can do it too," is a great counterpoint
               | either.
        
           | gigel82 wrote:
           | A webpage does authentication by downloading a list of
           | usernames and passwords and comparing your inputs in
           | JavaScript in your browser. Another sends a hash out to an
           | endpoint in the cloud.
           | 
           | To the user - using your line of reasoning - they're both the
           | same, right?
           | 
           | This isn't supposed to be a technical comparison, I just want
           | to point out that the implementation matters as much (or
           | more) than the customers' experience.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | But only Apple can, at least for now, scan content or your
           | phone. Google cannot. Yet. Small, bit crucial difference.
        
             | GeekyBear wrote:
             | Frankly, it's more of a problem for my data to be flagged
             | after Google has it than it would be for it to never leave
             | my device at all.
             | 
             | People have certainly run afoul of the law when the data
             | Google has about them is misused.
             | 
             | >Innocent man, 23, sues Arizona police for $1.5million
             | after being arrested for murder and jailed for six days
             | when Google's GPS tracker wrongly placed him at the scene
             | of the 2018 crime
             | 
             | https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7897319/Police-
             | arre...
             | 
             | We are only talking about what happens when you try to send
             | the data to the cloud, after all. Not about all the data on
             | the device.
        
             | dev_tty01 wrote:
             | Really? Apple and Google have been able to scan content on
             | your phone as long as they have sold phones. They control
             | the OS, therefore they have access to the content. The
             | ability has always been there. The only difference is that
             | Apple has now openly announced what they are going to do
             | and how. If governments wanted to pressure Apple (or
             | Google) to scan content they could have done that anytime
             | in the last few years. If Apple and Google resisted that
             | before, why is now different?
        
               | stickfigure wrote:
               | From a legal perspective, there is a significant chasm
               | between "you are hereby ordered to develop a whole new
               | surveillance feature for devices you build" and "you are
               | hereby ordered to add these new (potentially unrelated to
               | CSAM) signatures to your existing surveillance network".
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | Under what legal basis are certain corporations immune to
               | government demands while others are not?
               | 
               | Google does reporting on how many National Security
               | Letters requesting information about it's users that it
               | responds to annually.
               | 
               | Why doesn't it just ignore them?
        
               | stickfigure wrote:
               | I don't understand your question. Google, Apple, Facebook
               | et al comply with their legal obligations.
               | 
               | Apple does not have a legal obligation to install spyware
               | on your phone (at least not in the US, not yet).
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | > _Google does reporting on how many National Security
               | Letters requesting information about it 's users that it
               | responds to annually._
               | 
               | So does Apple[1]. Apple gave data on over 31,000
               | users/accounts based on National Security Letters in the
               | first half of 2020 alone[1].
               | 
               | > _Why doesn 't it just ignore them?_
               | 
               | In the first half of 2020, Apple provided data to the US
               | government (non-FISA or NSL) about 9,000 times, and
               | responded to requests for data with the data about ~85%
               | of the time, and 92% in cases of "emergencies"[1].
               | 
               | [1] https://www.apple.com/legal/transparency/us.html
        
             | artursapek wrote:
             | Apple can already find photos of my cat, of ice cream, and
             | of the sky directly on my phone using AI
        
             | veratwiger wrote:
             | My understanding is they only scan for content if it's
             | being uploaded to iCloud. Scanning on the phone, yes, but
             | only if the image is to be sent over the network.
        
               | handrous wrote:
               | And they seem to be doing that because they both 1) want
               | to enable e2e encryption for iCloud images, soonish, and
               | 2) don't want to become the world's most popular child
               | porn storage and sharing platform.
               | 
               | I get the arguments for why the fix for #2 is too
               | dangerous to be worth it, but also get why they'd be
               | inclined to choose it.
        
             | aj3 wrote:
             | On the other hand, Google can run arbitrary queries over
             | your data (published to their cloud) while Apple uses the
             | same algorithm and hash database for everyone (which
             | probably will get reverse engineered and audited by next
             | BlackHat).
        
               | jdiez17 wrote:
               | What makes you think that Apple will use the same
               | database for everyone?
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | You can't realistically reverse engineer a hash to source
               | image.
        
             | duped wrote:
             | I think so too but from a different angle. It sounds like
             | the federal government is strong arming Apple to spy on
             | their users. Apple would rather use on-device hashing to
             | preserve some amount of privacy rather than give unfettered
             | access to the feds to their cloud.
        
         | migueldeicaza wrote:
         | Apple's approach opens the door to get full end-to-end
         | encryption for other assets that are currently stored on
         | iCloud, that currently are not.
         | 
         | It is not a guarantee, but it leaves that door open, which
         | currently would face very strong headwinds to get rolled out.
        
           | exhilaration wrote:
           | That's mentioned in TFA, Apple relented to the FBI's request
           | that iCloud backups would not encrypted. I can't see that
           | changing since scanning for CP won't help the FBI in the vast
           | majority of their investigations (terrorism, drug
           | trafficking, fraud).
        
         | shuckles wrote:
         | Google could've announced the same solution for Google Photos
         | as a 3rd party app. I don't understand what privileged position
         | Apple as OS maker has used to build this solution. It's a
         | feature of their Photos application when used with their cloud
         | photo service.
        
           | BiteCode_dev wrote:
           | To be installed by default and not removable on one of the
           | most used devices in the world.
        
             | threeseed wrote:
             | You can remove the Photos app and disable iCloud Photos.
             | 
             | At no point are you forced to use either.
        
               | exhilaration wrote:
               | Are you suggesting that people who want to opt out of
               | this should stop taking photos on their iPhones?
        
             | shuckles wrote:
             | It's a pretty weak argument to say that a clearly
             | communicated change in behavior of a single application
             | compromises trust in the entire operating system. You'd
             | basically need to argue that Apple should not be allowed to
             | install any default applications or services.
             | 
             | The Photos application can't be removed, but this behavior
             | can be turned off.
        
               | BiteCode_dev wrote:
               | It does because they control the entire os, ecosystem,
               | now and in the future, and have demonstrated with PRISM
               | and this they don't play for our team.
        
               | vb6sp6 wrote:
               | > they don't play for our team
               | 
               | I'm no apple apologist but apple must follow the laws of
               | the countries they operate in. They can't advocate for
               | _us_ because we are not the ones setting the rules.
        
               | BiteCode_dev wrote:
               | Sure. If the law tell them to locate all gays so that
               | they can be jailed in the emirates, would you agree with
               | that ?
               | 
               | I could do worse, but Godwin called.
        
               | vb6sp6 wrote:
               | Of course not. I even said "i am not an apple apologist"
               | so these lame "gotcha" questions are kinda silly
        
               | BiteCode_dev wrote:
               | The lame gotcha question is to underline than for many,
               | the immorality of the choice they make override the
               | legality of it.
               | 
               | But the previous comment was more fun.
        
               | vb6sp6 wrote:
               | I think the bar is a little higher here on HN. save it
               | for facebook
        
               | amznthrwaway wrote:
               | HN is a site where "slippery slope", which is actually a
               | logical fallacy, is instead used as an argument against
               | anything that HN users don't like.
               | 
               | It's nonsensical to treat this site as anything other
               | than a complete trash fire, meant to get engagement from
               | a very specific audience.
        
           | danudey wrote:
           | It's more accurate to think of it as a feature of the iCloud
           | Photos client software (which is built into the OS). If you
           | don't use iCloud Photos, you don't use the client software,
           | so nothing changes.
        
         | jlpom wrote:
         | > there will be no limits for governments to expand it's reach
         | once implemented. The scope will always broaden
         | 
         | Speculating it is slippery slope arg.
         | https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Slippery_slope
        
           | howaboutnope wrote:
           | As the article says:
           | 
           | "The strength of such an argument depends on whether the
           | small step really is likely to lead to the effect."
           | 
           | > It is true that a computer, for example, can be used for
           | good or evil. It is true that a helicopter can be used as a
           | gunship and it can also be used to rescue people from a
           | mountain pass. And if the question arises of how a specific
           | device is going to be used, in what I call an abstract ideal
           | society, then one might very well say one cannot know. But we
           | live in a concrete society, [and] with concrete social and
           | historical circumstances and political realities in this
           | society, it is perfectly obvious that when something like a
           | computer is invented, then it is going to be adopted will be
           | for military purposes. It follows from the concrete realities
           | in which we live, it does not follow from pure logic. But
           | we're not living in an abstract society, we're living in the
           | society in which we in fact live. If you look at the enormous
           | fruits of human genius that mankind has developed in the last
           | 50 years, atomic energy and rocketry and flying to the moon
           | and coherent light, and it goes on and on and on -- and then
           | it turns out that every one of these triumphs is used
           | primarily in military terms. So it is not reasonable for a
           | scientist or technologist to insist that he or she does not
           | know -- or cannot know -- how it is going to be used.
           | 
           | -- Joseph Weizenbaum,
           | http://tech.mit.edu/V105/N16/weisen.16n.html
           | 
           | To pretend it's inherently unknowable right up to the point
           | until it's "too late" is kinda getting old.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | From Wikipedia[1]:
           | 
           | > _Argument from fallacy is the formal fallacy of analyzing
           | an argument and inferring that, since it contains a fallacy,
           | its conclusion must be false._
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_fallacy
        
         | sillysaurusx wrote:
         | I've been thinking carefully about this situation.
         | 
         | I just don't see the intrusion.
         | 
         | Firstly, you are syncing your photos to iCloud. It's equivalent
         | to developing your photos at an old timey film shop.
         | 
         | iCloud happens to have lots of security guarantees, much like
         | the film shop.
         | 
         | But the moment you develop CP, all bets are off. I think most
         | of us lead pampered, selfish lives. Perhaps this is a "think of
         | the children" cry, and perhaps this has been used for many
         | evils over time.
         | 
         | If Apple were to get their lists of hashes from China (a
         | situation they've opened themselves up to in the future), then
         | sure, that's awful. Or if they were doing these checks and
         | alerting law enforcement _without iCloud sync_ , then that's
         | awful too.
         | 
         | But this doesn't seem to be a slippery slope, yet. They are
         | targeting a specific case: you uploading your photos, and your
         | photos being of _known_ child sexual abuse.
         | 
         | Yes, there are false positive photos in the database. Maybe
         | there's even a flower in there. But if you got flagged as a
         | false positive, the moment law enforcement looks at your photos
         | (which, remember, you've surrendered to iCloud), you sexually
         | abusing a flower won't cause any problems.
         | 
         | Or will it? Please, my mind is open. I'd love to change it.
        
           | wobblykiwi wrote:
           | This is about Apple scanning the pictures on your phone, not
           | the pictures that have been synced to iCloud.
        
             | danudey wrote:
             | Do you have any general objection to client software
             | scanning content it uploads before it uploads it, rather
             | than afterwards? Scanning it on your phone means that
             | unencrypted versions of your data don't have to leave your
             | phone, which IMHO gives _more_ privacy than any other
             | option.
             | 
             | Do you have an objection even though it means that the
             | content (in a form readable by anyone else) never leaves
             | your device? Would it be preferable if Apple scanned files
             | that were synced to iCloud, but no longer encrypted them in
             | transit/at rest, or encrypted them in a way that they are
             | able to decrypt?
        
             | camillomiller wrote:
             | A good point to keep in mind, there is no "scanning". There
             | is a hashing, then a check of the hashes - not the pictures
             | - and if a hash matches the on-device NCMEC hashes list a
             | "security voucher" is generated. Said voucher will be
             | uploaded to iCloud photos along with the picture it refers
             | to, without anyone in the chain being able to know that it
             | happened.
        
             | 0x000000001 wrote:
             | they already scan all the images on your phone. that's how
             | i can search for "dog" or "flowers" and find results in my
             | photo library.
        
               | idle_zealot wrote:
               | Local scanning/indexing is fine. It's reporting the
               | results of the scan to Apple that people have a problem
               | with.
        
               | danudey wrote:
               | I'm not sure that's true. A lot of people seem to have
               | less of a problem with Apple scanning for CSAM and more
               | of a problem that they're doing it on the phone (and
               | looking for specific images, I guess?).
        
               | idle_zealot wrote:
               | It's the fact that the phone is scanning your images and
               | relaying the results to Apple that's the issue. If this
               | feature were just an extension of existing on-device
               | scanning and stayed on the device, perhaps informing the
               | owner "Hey, it appears a few of your images may be CSAM.
               | Would you like to review them?" then I don't think people
               | would be very upset.
        
             | sillysaurusx wrote:
             | Do they do device local scanning for this purpose? Apple's
             | original announcement said that it was to give law
             | enforcement answers about photos synced to iCloud.
             | 
             | If so, then I'll immediately change my mind and join the
             | protest. Device local scanning is equivalent to someone
             | checking your personal possessions at your home.
        
               | wobblykiwi wrote:
               | Yes, you can find more information here:
               | https://www.apple.com/child-
               | safety/pdf/CSAM_Detection_Techni...
               | 
               | From the overview:
               | 
               | > Apple's method of detecting known CSAM is designed with
               | user privacy in mind. Instead of scanning images in the
               | cloud, the system performs on-device matching using a
               | database of known CSAM image hashes provided by NCMEC and
               | other child-safety organizations. Apple further
               | transforms this database into an unreadable set of
               | hashes, which is securely stored on users' devices.
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | Yes, but my understanding was that they do this for
               | iCloud-synced photos.
               | 
               | If iCloud is off, do they still do this? Your quote
               | actually doesn't contradict that, which is my main
               | hangup. If you turn on iCloud, you forfeit certain
               | expectations.
               | 
               | I'll read through it carefully now.
               | 
               | EDIT: It was the very first sentence of the intro:
               | 
               | > CSAM Detection enables Apple to accurately identify and
               | report iCloud users who store known Child Sexual Abuse
               | Material (CSAM) in their iCloud Photos accounts.
               | 
               | I don't get it. It's their platform. Other image
               | platforms do this matching. Old film shops used to do
               | this matching. Why is this evil?
        
               | dmitrygr wrote:
               | If you scan in the cloud, photos not synced to the cloud
               | are 100% not going to be scanned - they are JUST NOT
               | THERE. If you can on device, you are one "if(" condition
               | away from "Accidentally "scanning other photos. See the
               | issue now?
        
               | idle_zealot wrote:
               | The sticking point is that the matching happens on-
               | device, not on their servers. Sure, it only happens for
               | photos that will be synced, but it's still your device
               | doing the matching and snitching.
               | 
               | There's also the fact that the "only scans local photos
               | marked for upload to iCloud" is a technically thin
               | barrier. A switch that could very easily and quietly be
               | flipped in the future.
        
           | camillomiller wrote:
           | >But this doesn't seem to be a slippery slope, either. Any
           | photos you're worried about can trivially circumvent the
           | hashing system: adjust their brightness. Boom, done.
           | 
           | I've been briefed about it. Apple says explicitly that this
           | is not the case. They mention that cropping, transforming, or
           | even desaturating an image won't result in a hash that's so
           | different from the matching one. The similarity will be high
           | enough to detect the photo anyway. They don't seem eager to
           | explain in detail how that actually works, though.
        
             | sillysaurusx wrote:
             | Sorry, I edited that part out one minute after commenting.
             | I realized it was a weakness in the argument.
             | 
             | Thank you for pointing that out though. I had no idea.
        
             | danudey wrote:
             | The reason they don't explain how it works is that the CSAM
             | hash matching is an algorithm from NCMEC, which was
             | apparently originally designed by Microsoft.
             | 
             | If you want to learn about the algorithm/hashes, you have
             | to, among other things, sign an NDA about it, so it's
             | likely that Apple, legally, cannot go into detail about how
             | it actually works.
             | 
             | Microsoft has a page on it here if you're interested:
             | https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/photodna
             | 
             | For obvious reasons, they don't go into a whole lot of
             | detail.
             | 
             | I've learned a lot about how the process works from this
             | blog post:
             | https://hackerfactor.com/blog/index.php?/archives/929-One-
             | Ba...
             | 
             | He gets a few facts about Apple's approach wrong, but it's
             | an incredibly interesting read.
        
               | migueldeicaza wrote:
               | Apple designed a new system, which is different than
               | PhotoDNA - they call it neural hash, and the specifics
               | are not disclosed.
        
           | x2r wrote:
           | Apple used to be able to say 'we don't have that capability'
           | if, for example, a Turkish judge ordered them to scan phones
           | for a certain picture of Erdogan. What are they going to say
           | now?
        
         | WA wrote:
         | I guess we all now just realize the truth: you don't control
         | your iPhone. Apple does. You merely use it.
         | 
         | In a way, nothing changed. Apple _could 've_ done on-device
         | scanning forever. In another way, everything changed.
         | 
         | I'm not sure what I'm going to do about it. Problem is that the
         | devices are really really good.
        
           | danudey wrote:
           | I think what you mean is that you don't control the iCloud
           | Photos client, Apple does. Your photos are scanned by the
           | iCloud Photos "client" (which is built into the OS) before
           | uploading them to the cloud.
           | 
           | Would it be any different if Dropbox was scanning files
           | before it uploaded them rather than afterwards? It already
           | computes hashes of your files on your device so that it
           | doesn't have to re-upload existing content, so I honestly
           | don't understand the objection to doing image scanning on
           | your device before uploading your content.
        
             | jdiez17 wrote:
             | The point is that if the capability for "the iCloud Photos
             | client" to scan your photos before uploading them to the
             | cloud exists, it's only Apple's policy that stops it from
             | scanning all of your photos.
        
               | tpush wrote:
               | That capability obviously already exists independent from
               | this CSAM-scanning system.
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | Yes, they were already doing facial recognition of my
               | photos, which I didn't ask for and can't turn off.
        
             | Osiris wrote:
             | You can uninstall Dropbox. You cannot uninstall Photos.
        
           | Aperocky wrote:
           | phone's are just phones. At this point multiple companies and
           | potential governments are monitoring or have the capability
           | to monitor it.
           | 
           | But computers are another story. So far we still maintain
           | some privacy there thanks to Linux.
        
             | spacebear wrote:
             | Unfortunately, phones are most people's primary computer.
        
               | howaboutnope wrote:
               | > If people could understand what computing was about,
               | the iPhone would not be a bad thing. But because people
               | don't understand what computing is about, they think they
               | have it in the iPhone, and that illusion is as bad as the
               | illusion that _Guitar Hero_ is the same as a real guitar.
               | 
               | -- Alan Kay, https://www.fastcompany.com/40435064/what-
               | alan-kay-thinks-ab...
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | Nce theory. And yet smartphones have delivered far more
               | real world computing to users than the "real computing"
               | ever did.
        
               | kuratkull wrote:
               | Phones have delivered social networks, cat pictures and
               | mobile games to the masses, that's about it, really.
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | There is no formal definition of computing which is
               | furthered by iPhones.
               | 
               | I have an iPhone, and pythonista is the only potential
               | thing which fulfils the criteria of "computing",
               | everything else is convenience.
               | 
               | Smartphones have done an incredible amount at bringing
               | the consumption of the internet, audio, video and rich
               | communication via social media.
               | 
               | But they have not brought "real world computing", because
               | "real world computing" is any goal-oriented activity
               | requiring, benefiting from, or creating computing
               | machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of
               | algorithmic processes and development of both hardware
               | and software. It has scientific, engineering,
               | mathematical, technological and social aspects.
               | 
               | You might want to read the wikipedia page.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | ACM tried to define it:
               | 
               | >"In a general way, we can define computing to mean any
               | goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or
               | creating computers. Thus, computing includes designing
               | and building hardware and software systems for a wide
               | range of purposes; processing, structuring, and managing
               | various kinds of information; doing scientific studies
               | using computers; making computer systems behave
               | intelligently; creating and using communications and
               | entertainment media; finding and gathering information
               | relevant to any particular purpose, and so on. The list
               | is virtually endless, and the possibilities are vast."
               | 
               | I basically would half agree that iPhone brought more
               | computing. Based on practical applications, iPhone has
               | not brought radically more computing. iPhone replaced
               | some stationary computing with ultra-mobile computing.
               | 
               | Cheap feature phones, that allowed people in Africa to
               | make cashless payments, brought more computing to
               | ordinary people... than expensive iPhone - that is owned
               | by people who have/had other computers.
               | 
               | People who formally require computing - engineers(all
               | kinds, incl software and structural), data collectors,
               | music professionals and so on - still rely on other forms
               | of computing. Some have shifted to iPad, which made
               | computing more fun. But then all of the heavier forms of
               | computing - they are still done on a "computer", not a
               | phone or iPad.
        
             | fsflover wrote:
             | > phone's are just phones
             | 
             | > But computers are another story.
             | 
             | Librem 5 and Pinephone smartphones are computers running
             | GNU/Linux.
        
               | Aperocky wrote:
               | Yeah I think the distinction is more with OS than the
               | form factor.
               | 
               | With a close garden and close sourced apps, there are
               | basically nothing you can do (to make sure you're not
               | being monitored). Completely at whim, true for regular
               | computers too, but a lot more choices exist for the
               | latter group.
        
             | dTal wrote:
             | One of the most pernicious sins of the smartphone
             | revolution was to rebrand the "computer". We'd evolved
             | expectations as to what we were entitled to on our own
             | machines - yes, even those with a proprietary OS - and then
             | with one weird trick, it all went in the trash.
             | Advertising, surveillance, inability to install whatever
             | you want - before smartphones, this sort of thing used to
             | be unequivocally malware.
             | 
             | The worst part is that now the dam's broken, it's all
             | bleeding back into "computers".
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | You're blaming smartphones for problem that exists
               | because of the Internet. If smartphones didn't render
               | computers irrelevant to most people, all this "bad app"
               | stuff would have happened on computers.
               | 
               | And the computers that don't have "bad apps" are hacked
               | and encrypted by ransomware. Is that better?
               | 
               | Spyware is older than smartphones.
        
               | dTal wrote:
               | Spyware is older than smartphones, but back then we
               | called it "spyware", not "ooh, the latest Android!".
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | Apple is literally going to spy on you... and then report
               | you to the authorities.
               | 
               | I'd rather give all of my DNA to an advertising company.
        
             | GekkePrutser wrote:
             | Android is also Linux. Yet some manufacturers don't allow
             | any kind of boot unlocking or root access.
             | 
             | Open source doesn't guarantee we have any type of control
             | over it if the hardware is locked down. The reason is more
             | that the industry hasn't bothered selling locked-down
             | computers yet by default. The tech is there, Secure Boot +
             | TPM. They just give us the options to override in the BIOS.
             | _For now._
        
               | Zambyte wrote:
               | > Open source doesn't guarantee we have any type of
               | control over it if the hardware is locked down
               | 
               | It can though. See: GPLv3.
               | 
               | IMO the greatest failure of Linux was not upgrading from
               | GPLv2.
        
               | btdmaster wrote:
               | This is a case of lack of enforcement, not a case of lax
               | licensing. You do have this right under GPLv2 according
               | to Conservancy:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27937877.
        
               | hbtsbuss wrote:
               | Linux has many more stakeholders than you. It's a failure
               | for you, but extremely important to many others
               | (including me). I'd go further and allege you are in the
               | minority among users of Linux, because think about what a
               | user of Linux is. Linus made the absolutely correct call
               | and Linux would be on the decline if he hadn't; the money
               | in Linux is in embedding (and SaaS), not people dabbling
               | with free software who by definition don't pay for it,
               | and until the FSF and its adherents conquer the concept
               | of "an economy" they're still fighting an uphill, losing
               | battle against the same economic forces they despite.
               | 
               | More than half of YC's hardware startups, not to mention
               | Android and probably Teslas in their current form,
               | probably would have never happened were they not able to
               | embed Linux in a controlled manner without having to
               | invest in catering to the four total users who will want
               | to build a system image and reflash the firmware on their
               | whatever. (Android has some means to do so and an
               | audience much more interested in doing so but the point
               | stands.)
               | 
               | I'm also interested in the legal framework around a
               | software license that's able to dictate the architecture
               | and design of components _around_ the software, and I
               | suspect it will not survive if challenged, particularly
               | in Europe.
               | 
               | The greatest failure of free software, to me, is thinking
               | in absolutes and not studying how the world actually uses
               | computers as time goes on. The concepts, ideas, and
               | demands are stuck in 1991 and are basically "man shakes
               | fist at capitalism," while writing capitalist exceptions
               | into the very Tivoization clause in question under
               | pressure.
        
               | api wrote:
               | Open source also doesn't guarantee any type of control if
               | it's SaaS or anchored to a closed source SaaS system.
               | There's a ton of "but it's open source!" SaaS companies
               | that I shall not name that leverage open source but in
               | reality are lock-in walled gardens. The code is open but
               | the data and network effect are not.
        
           | aj3 wrote:
           | Meh. Dropbox and Google Drive can run arbitrary queries over
           | your files stored there. iCloud (assuming they finish e2ee
           | transition) will have to push the same hashes to everyone.
           | It's not transparent and we don't have a way to inspect what
           | exactly are they searching for, but at least there's a way in
           | principle to reverse engineer the algorithm and to monitor
           | how often hash database gets updated.
           | 
           | In my book that's a step in the direction of privacy,
           | compared to old status quo.
        
             | feanaro wrote:
             | Huh? You can choose not to use any cloud service if you
             | want. If you buy an iPhone, you can't... Choose not to use
             | the iPhone you just bought.
             | 
             | This isn't a step towards privacy and it sounds (to me at
             | least) like quite the logical contortion to argue that it
             | is.
        
             | wiremine wrote:
             | This is a better way to frame the discussion, IMHO.
             | 
             | The conversation is around Apple, which is critical, but we
             | need to compare them to the rest of the industry, and
             | discuss the government/citizen tradeoffs in that light.
             | I.e., holistically, not per company.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | kbenson wrote:
               | That is indeed what the article does, does it not? It
               | makes the case that storing online with a decryption key
               | that can be used with a search warrant is probably the
               | right trade off, and the way other companies sometimes
               | implement this.
               | 
               | Then you get to choose whether to push your data to the
               | third party or not, given the risks involved.
               | 
               | The author even notes they were opposed to Facebook's
               | end-to-end encryption previously, I assume because as for
               | defaults it sets a precedent and makes it unsearchable,
               | but I'm not sure the specific tradeoffs they weigh and
               | points they consider since it's behind a paywall (and I'm
               | not sure I agree).
               | 
               | > discuss the government/citizen tradeoffs in that light.
               | I.e., holistically, not per company.
               | 
               | Right now the differences are essentially per-company,
               | since we've let our experiences be controlled almost
               | entirely by a small subset of companies. To abstract the
               | implementation from the primary implementer is to
               | obfuscate some of the cause and effect here. We _should_
               | discuss this as a societal tradeoff, as you note, but we
               | should not ignore that this was spurred by a company
               | running out in front of what was required of it and
               | implementing this system which many see as at the expense
               | of their users privacy.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > Then you get to choose whether to push your data to the
               | third party or not, given the risks involved.
               | 
               | You get to choose whether to push your data to Apple and
               | trigger the scanning with their solution too.
               | 
               | The key escrow option is strictly worse.
        
               | kbenson wrote:
               | > You get to choose whether to push your data to Apple
               | and trigger the scanning with their solution too.
               | 
               | That's purely an implementation detail, and subject to
               | change at any time. That's why people are upset.
               | 
               | One solution is limited to you actually pushing your data
               | off your private device, the other is limited to a list
               | of items you say you want to push off your device, but
               | actually happens on your device.
               | 
               | That's the difference between someone searching a large
               | warehouse you and many others have stored belongings, and
               | someone coming into your house and searching through your
               | items freely as long as they're on the list.
               | 
               | Beyond the difference in privacy that search entails
               | fundamentally, people are very worried that the list
               | itself is limited only by policy, and truly, the search
               | of items on that list has full access to your private
               | details but for the grace of those performing the search
               | and controlling the list.
               | 
               | The key escrow option is strictly worse than the current
               | implementation, but it is also naturally constrained and
               | the exposure is entirely user controlled. If you do not
               | put data online in that situation, there is no way for
               | them to process it without first exfiltrating it, which
               | we already have laws and systems in place to hamper.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > That's purely an implementation detail, and subject to
               | change at any time.
               | 
               | That's an evergreen complaint. If they want to introduce
               | a general purpose scanning mechanism they can do so at
               | any time. This is not that.
               | 
               | > That's why people are upset.
               | 
               | I don't think so. I think they are upset because they
               | don't like the fact that Apple has _any_ power over them
               | and this remind them of that _even though it is not in
               | fact an abuse_.
               | 
               | I actually agree with this, but I don't think that
               | claiming Apple's implementation to be something it is not
               | is helpful.
               | 
               | The key escrow solution is strictly worse in _any_
               | future. If key escrow becomes established as a norm
               | between cloud providers and law enforcement, then _no_
               | free alternative will _ever_ be possible.
        
               | iratewizard wrote:
               | True. The constant migration of everything to the cloud
               | has lots of consequences just like this. If the false
               | positive are as common as the fotoForensics guy states,
               | this could also become a new weapon for corporate
               | warfare. A small competitor to a market Apple wants to
               | control happens to have assets stored in an apple cloud?
               | Guess who's offices are getting raided today?
        
             | miles wrote:
             | > Meh. Dropbox and Google Drive can run arbitrary queries
             | over your files stored there.
             | 
             | However, unlike with Apple's invasive on-device scanning,
             | you can encrypt files before storing them at Dropbox or
             | Google Drive. There are even simple turnkey solutions like
             | Sookasa:
             | 
             | "Sookasa acts as a transparent layer over Google Drive to
             | encrypt your sensitive files on the cloud and across
             | connected devices..." https://www.sookasa.com/GD
             | 
             | "Sookasa protects data both on devices and in the cloud,
             | and decouples the data from the encryption keys, meaning
             | your data stays secure no matter where it goes."
             | https://www.sookasa.com/dropbox-security/
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | How do you know Sookasa isn't doing the same thing? It
               | doesn't appear to be open source.
        
               | Miraste wrote:
               | Open source software like rclone can do something
               | similar.
        
               | commoner wrote:
               | A free and open source alternative to Sookasa is
               | Cryptomator.
               | 
               | https://cryptomator.org
               | 
               | https://github.com/cryptomator
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | You can irreversibly transform the image data of photos
               | added to the Photos app as well.
        
               | aborsy wrote:
               | Rclone and gocryptfs are other options for cloud
               | encryption.
        
               | bmarquez wrote:
               | Cryptomator is another encryption software which can
               | encrypt files before they're uploaded to the cloud, and
               | it's open source.
               | 
               | https://github.com/cryptomator/cryptomator
        
             | devoutsalsa wrote:
             | I don't keep child porn on my phone (or any where else. I
             | also don't keep smallpox in my freezer or nuclear weapons
             | on my basement. Noninvasive scans for these things probably
             | make the world a better place in some ways.
             | 
             | The part I object to having my life disrupted by having my
             | personal accounts unilaterally deleted by a fucking buggy
             | bot. Our phones are too important to us to just have them
             | shut off without notice. That's bullshit.
        
               | hfsh wrote:
               | >Noninvasive scans
               | 
               | Scans on a _local_ device feel quite invasive to me.
               | Phones have become an extension of our person, let 's not
               | kid ourselves.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | Is a picture of a naked kid going to trigger this
               | algorithm?
               | 
               | In a few places taking pictures of your child naked while
               | swimming is considered child pornography. Other places
               | having children run around naked on the beach is the
               | norm. (I have a few pictures of me, at 3y/o, naked on the
               | beach)
               | 
               | In the world of remote medicine, can a parent take
               | pictures of their naked child to send to a doctor?
               | 
               | How are they going to fit their cultural specifics to the
               | world?
               | 
               | Knowing how Facebook dealt with it - they are going to
               | apply the strictest rules, so no naked child photos are
               | allowed on your iPhone anymore. For no reason.
        
               | treesknees wrote:
               | Apple has said multiple times that accounts are not shut
               | off with any automated system, that portion of the
               | process is handled by humans.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | So... They will have humans looking at pictures to
               | determine if it's child pornography? Well... That's a
               | dream job for a pedo
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | Who do I call (and how do I call them) if the person
               | agrees with the automated false positive and disables my
               | account/phone and reports me to the police? Just being
               | _accused_ of having CSAM is ruinous. What 's my recourse
               | if there's an innocent bug in their system that reports
               | me to the police?
               | 
               | I was at Apple for more than a decade and a half. I saw
               | an untold number of Michael Bolton bugs [0]. It's one
               | thing when a bug causes a dropped frame in a video or a
               | menu takes a tenth of a second too long to appear. It's
               | another when it ruins your life and bankrupts you
               | defending yourself.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NnPBSy5FsOc&t=02m24s
        
               | chimen wrote:
               | Good! Because I trust those even less. If possible, once
               | banned, no one to answer on any of the communication
               | channels, Google style.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | mcherm wrote:
             | > iCloud [...] will have to push the same hashes to
             | everyone
             | 
             | Why?
             | 
             | What's to prevent them from pushing specific hashes to a
             | specific phone?
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | There are three primary sources stating that the database
               | will be embedded in iOS. Remote hash updates introduces
               | privacy risk.
        
               | pavel_lishin wrote:
               | This entire scheme introduces privacy risk.
               | 
               | There is no technical reason why they could not push
               | individual hashes to individual phones, only policy ones.
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | In an alternative universe where they built a remotely
               | updated database, yes. But that's not this universe.
               | 
               | I'm going to go further and say that people are doing a
               | very bad job articulating why the incremental privacy
               | risk of the scheme is significant, over the always-
               | existent privacy risk of a proprietary vendor updating
               | software they entirely control to scan data uploaded to a
               | cloud service which guarantees no protection from vendor
               | access. A later software update to include more hashes or
               | whatever could always regress privacy.
        
               | feanaro wrote:
               | One is a proprietary third-party, optional service acting
               | against you, the other is your own device acting against
               | you. That's the difference and it should be pretty easy
               | to understand.
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | So if you could delete the Photos app, you'd believe
               | there is no longer any fundamental privacy risk?
        
               | YokoSix wrote:
               | They also could embed the whole database into iOS and
               | activate certain hashes only for certain iCloud accounts.
               | No one would know because the database is encrypted
               | multiple times.
        
               | shuckles wrote:
               | They could do a lot of things. They've told us what they
               | do. It's not this. The FAQ released yesterday
               | specifically says that users cannot be targeted.
        
               | pavel_lishin wrote:
               | They've told us what they do today.
        
               | YokoSix wrote:
               | > _The same set of hashes is stored in the operating
               | system of every iPhone and iPad user, so targeted attacks
               | against only specific individuals are not possible under
               | our design._
               | 
               | The problem with this sentence is that Apple assumes that
               | they can't target specific individuals because every
               | iPhone and iPad user has the exact same database in their
               | iOS device.
               | 
               | But what if they have a hash in the database where they
               | know that only one person has this exact image on their
               | device? This way you could single out one individual with
               | the same database.
        
             | BiteCode_dev wrote:
             | Not for people that didn't trust the cloud and didnt out
             | their life in there in the first place.
        
           | mortenjorck wrote:
           | While there is certainly truth to this, this is also a
           | defeatist position. Of course Apple _could_ do anything, with
           | or without telling us. And they do some fairly indefensible
           | things, though I would argue those have mostly to do with the
           | App Store.
           | 
           | But this is not the time to throw our hands up and say there
           | was nothing we could do all along. That the situation was
           | never ideal does not preclude there being something worth
           | fighting for.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | > I'm not sure what I'm going to do about it. Problem is that
           | the devices are really really good.
           | 
           | The devices are good, but still Apple has a weak value
           | proposition.
           | 
           | Also, handing them your money probably isn't going to make
           | things better in terms of alternatives.
        
           | iso1210 wrote:
           | RMS has been saying this stuff for decades, but people ignore
           | him.
        
             | silicon2401 wrote:
             | Agreed and a great example of why his message on free
             | software is so important. I would never have been as
             | cognizant of the topic if not for his laser-focused and
             | committed work.
        
             | jaredklewis wrote:
             | This sentiment gets repeated all the time and it drives me
             | crazy.
             | 
             | I've read a lot of stuff by RMS and am certainly aware of
             | his concerns.
             | 
             | I have an iPhone and Mac so I guess you would consider that
             | I "ignored" him. This is a ridiculous conclusion. I
             | considered the risks and trade-offs of non-FOSS software,
             | and regrettably accepted them, because the FOSS
             | alternatives had trade-offs that cumulatively (for me) were
             | much worse. Unlike RMS, I am not a one-dimensional person
             | that only evaluates tech on the single dimension of
             | freedom. Tech is not a religion for me; it's just a tool.
             | 
             | RMS pontificating about FOSS does not magically bring
             | iPhone comparable FOSS software and hardware into
             | existence. If the FOSS community wants consumer adoption,
             | ratio of pontificating about to building consumer products
             | needs to be much lower.
        
               | ASalazarMX wrote:
               | TL;DR: You understood the trade-off, and chose to become
               | a product for the convenience. The majority of us here
               | have done the same, because becoming a product is part of
               | the modern life. Nowadays choosing digital purity is like
               | becoming a digital Amish.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | No one takes you seriously when you describe an
               | interdependent mutually beneficial bur imperfect
               | relationship as "become a product"
        
               | ASalazarMX wrote:
               | I think people don't like to think themselves as a
               | product, but that's what we are. We're a potential source
               | of income, and companies will want to know how's your
               | health, where do you go, what do you buy, how you use
               | your time, etc., in order to realize as much of that
               | income as possible.
               | 
               | It's a mutually-beneficial trade-off, it's just that one
               | party gains individually, and the other gains by
               | quantity. Advertisers wouldn't care a lot what
               | restaurants you like, but they care a lot about what
               | restaurants people in your city like.
        
               | jaredklewis wrote:
               | Bingo. RMS is not being ignored. People are just making
               | informed decisions that FOSS purists don't like.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | Informed decision is a high bar.
               | 
               | I'm pretty sure that most go with habit and convenience.
               | I mean.... Apple could lock MacOSX down tomorrow and
               | charge you $100 for terminal access and "informed
               | decision" people would still argue how good MacBooks are
               | (they aren't that good)
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | MacOS personally looks nice and functions in a logical
               | way - so I consider MacBooks good. It's a personal choice
               | while weighing negatives like how MacOS is not 'free
               | software' that anyone can fork, change, and sell on their
               | own.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | This is a very solipsistic way to look at the world. FOSS
               | has no duty to try to appeal to you personally, and if
               | you accept the end of your privacy over UI niggles,
               | that's your choice to make. The reason Apple can spend so
               | much on UI is because of your willingness to eat whatever
               | they serve you.
               | 
               | After emancipation, there were plenty of slaves who
               | wouldn't leave the plantation, and became slaves-by-
               | another-name in the sharecropping system. I don't think
               | any of them were so up their own asses that they blamed
               | the slaves who left for not making it easier to leave.
               | 
               | Also, RMS didn't talk about "FOSS." He talked about the
               | inevitable future if we continued our trajectory, and
               | suggested Free Software as the solution.
               | 
               | I'm also not going to make lowering your carbon emissions
               | just as easy and convenient as using all of the carbon
               | you want. Take responsibility for yourself, or at least
               | _don 't actively denigrate people for being right._
        
               | syshum wrote:
               | You have hit on one of the problem permeating modern
               | society. No one wants to take personal responsibility for
               | anything.
               | 
               | it always some one else that is to blame, the rich, the
               | evil corporation, the right wing, the left wing,
               | china,.... etc etc etc
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | This is easy to say, but it's clear from decades of
               | cognitive science that people find it extremely hard to
               | avoid the affordances and incentives in their
               | environment. Blaming the victims of a concerted corporate
               | and political effort to constrain individual liberties
               | seems churlish. This is a tragedy of the commons and the
               | only solution is cooperation and dialogue to set common
               | standards and norms.
        
               | behnamoh wrote:
               | > Tech is not a religion for me; it's just a tool.
               | 
               | Ok, it is a "tool", but it's like an axe controlled by
               | another person, not you. Maybe you trust that person with
               | such a tool; I don't.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | That much was known upon purchasing the axe - maybe it
               | cuts trees 50% quicker and thus was worth the tradeoff,
               | but now you can re-evaluate your options and purchase a
               | different axe.
        
               | jaredklewis wrote:
               | You are doing the exact thing I am complaining about. I
               | DON'T trust Apple and never said I did; I quite
               | explicitly elaborated on this above.
               | 
               | Not trusting Apple doesn't magically bring a trustworthy
               | iPhone competitor into existence.
        
               | ryukafalz wrote:
               | > Not trusting Apple doesn't magically bring a
               | trustworthy iPhone competitor into existence.
               | 
               | But spending your money on Apple products certainly won't
               | either.
        
               | pshirshov wrote:
               | > magically bring a trustworthy iPhone competitor into
               | existence
               | 
               | Well, purchase a Pixel 5, install CalyxOS or Graphene,
               | lock bootloader again. Job done. Probably you'll lose
               | some convenience, but you know, you may always ask some
               | FOSS dev to bake a feature for you and pay for it.
        
               | Fnoord wrote:
               | Trust in this discussion isn't a binary 1/0. You _do_
               | trust Apple in some regards, else it 'd be impossible to
               | use their devices for anything. There's a tradeoff being
               | made, that Apple does not do 'certain evil things'. This
               | one's crossing the boundary for some, opening the
               | floodgate for others. That's the issue at hand.
               | 
               | For example, say US government. I trust the US government
               | not to kill me (Dutch citizen, not a terrorist, not a
               | criminal, etc etc). Does that mean I trust the US
               | government with my personal data? No, that's a different
               | discussion. And if I were to trust them with my personal
               | data, does that mean I believe the US government has
               | integrity? No. I've been very disappointed with the US
               | government with regards to a recent war (I'll refrain
               | from details as its irrelevant), so they need to earn
               | back credibility. In my language there's a saying
               | 'vertrouwen komt te voet, maar vertrekt per paard' which
               | translates to something akin to 'trust comes on foot and
               | goes on horseback'.
        
               | behnamoh wrote:
               | > Not trusting Apple doesn't magically bring a
               | trustworthy iPhone competitor into existence.
               | 
               | I'm afraid that'll never happen, at least, until most
               | people don't care about their privacy and are willing to
               | accept one-sided tradeoffs with phone vendors. BUT, there
               | are alternatives like LineageOS that do a pretty good
               | job. They only need more acceptance by public to be able
               | to compete at the level of a trillion-dollar company like
               | AAPL.
        
               | jaredklewis wrote:
               | Right. And I think projects like LineageOS are super
               | interesting.
               | 
               | My beef is just with statements like "people ignore RMS,"
               | as I have yet to see any evidence of this. Everything I
               | have observed is that anyone who has heard of RMS is
               | fully aware of his concerns, but most of those people
               | just have different priorities.
        
               | pshirshov wrote:
               | > If the FOSS community wants consumer adoption, ratio of
               | pontificating about to building consumer products needs
               | to be much lower.
               | 
               | Actually it's not like FOSS community is fighting for
               | your adoption, you know? It's you who should do something
               | in order to make good things happen.
        
               | zaphar wrote:
               | He did. He bought Apple products. That's the whole point.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | They didn't buy Apple products for any ethical reason,
               | and didn't claim to have done. They bought Apple products
               | because RMS didn't personally make the UI of Free
               | Software polished enough for them.
        
               | downWidOutaFite wrote:
               | Well your sentiment drives me crazy, especially for
               | techies. It is up to us whether a non-feudal digital
               | society will exist or not. It's true that FOSS will never
               | be as good as the monopolists' who are able to pour
               | billions of dollars into polish while tightening their
               | grip over our lives. But if we are unwilling to make
               | sacrifices in this fight then the battle is already lost.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | > I've read a lot of stuff by RMS and am certainly aware
               | of his concerns.
               | 
               | > RMS pontificating [...]
               | 
               | Uh, no. RMS was right all along and you're still not
               | getting it.
               | 
               | You bought devices you can't upgrade, you can't run
               | software on, that oppress indie devs, that tax 30% of the
               | market, that sell out freedom fighters in oppressive
               | regimes, and that now spy on you. And now you realize the
               | problem.
               | 
               | The only way out of this madness is to get the sensible
               | representatives in Congress to move forward with an
               | antitrust case. Breaking up the power monopoly will
               | perhaps get us back to a place where we have rights. The
               | way it is now, Apple is a central point of failure.
               | 
               | Again, everything RMS spoke was truth, and it's here
               | again rearing its ugly head.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | The real-world alternative to Apple is Microsoft, Google,
               | and Blackberry, not GNU. Because almost no one and no
               | money cares about GNU.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | The real world alternative is healthy competition.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | Which is definitely absent in mobile phone space.
        
               | zaphar wrote:
               | The funny thing is that you are failing to recognize the
               | value of devices that can render web pages, give
               | navigation instructions that won't get me lost, run
               | games, have long battery life, great screen quality, and
               | a bunch of other things.
               | 
               | I have yet to see a phone with the build quality and
               | value add that I need a mobile phone to have from Free
               | Software endeavors. These are the table stakes for the
               | majority of people. Not the list you just rattled off.
               | You aren't even in the running to compete on the other
               | value adds if you can't do the above.
        
               | notJim wrote:
               | > The only way out of this madness is to get the sensible
               | representatives in Congress to move forward with an
               | antitrust case
               | 
               | What are you looking for out of this anti-trust case?
               | Apple is not a monopoly. There are numerous privacy-
               | focused phones and Android distros available. I think
               | there just isn't a huge market for a privacy-focused
               | phone (no, 1000 people on a HN and twitter is not a huge
               | market.)
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | It's weird that people seem to trust Congress with this.
               | This is the same Congress that is considering banning
               | end-to-end encryption, remember?
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | Congress isn't wholly incompetent, despite the fun we
               | have poking at it. The US has a functioning democracy and
               | leads the world in so many good and important metrics.
               | 
               | Our government isn't one person or one party, and that's
               | a strength.
               | 
               | One of my local reps is leading the big tech breakup
               | movement, and I'm incredibly proud to have her
               | representing me.
        
               | Clubber wrote:
               | >leads the world in so many good and important metrics.
               | 
               | Can you help me with a few? Maybe 5? I'm pretty low on
               | the US government at the moment. I can name quite a few
               | things we lead in that are horrible.
               | 
               | >One of my local reps is leading the big tech breakup
               | movement, and I'm incredibly proud to have her
               | representing me.
               | 
               | I think that's great but I doubt that will ever be
               | allowed to happen. Too much money will be thrown at
               | congress and they will either do nothing, or do nothing
               | in a way that makes them look like they did.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | Innovation, science, technology, art (music, film, game,
               | etc.), athletics (Olympics, etc.), space exploration,
               | economy (by multiple metrics), energy production,
               | military power, property value, ...
               | 
               | I might agree with parts of your list, but I think that
               | people are way too down on the US and its
               | accomplishments. I wouldn't want to live elsewhere.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | Congress is trash, but they're the institution that runs
               | your life, and you at least get a nominal say about who
               | is in it. If you're arguing for revolution, I won't
               | disagree, but what it really sounds like is the
               | traditional "we can't do this one thing until we do
               | everything else first."
        
             | thesuperbigfrog wrote:
             | Quite literally: https://youtu.be/Ag1AKIl_2GM?t=57
        
             | usaman wrote:
             | who is RMS?
        
               | lightsighter wrote:
               | Richard M Stallman:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Stallman
        
             | SilverRed wrote:
             | They don't ignore him, they just don't have the same
             | priorities. Having privacy with a phone means giving up a
             | lot of other things which people value.
        
             | danudey wrote:
             | RMS is a hypocrite though, in a lot of ways, which kind of
             | undermines his message, and in a lot of other ways he's
             | just wildly out of touch with the realities of the internet
             | and technology in general.
             | 
             | That's why people ignore him. He's so wildly out there so
             | often, and so... _problematic_ (defending /implicitly
             | supporting pedophilia, eating gunk off his feet, refusing
             | to bathe, etc) that it's difficult to take him seriously
             | when he is actually saying something relevant about
             | something important.
        
               | tucosan wrote:
               | You make a grave accusation without even backing it up.
               | 
               | Are you sure you fully understand the definition of
               | hypocrisy?
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | HN loves throwing around accusations of "ad hominem", but
               | dismissing someone's ideas on IP because he picks his
               | toes is a quintessential ad hominem attack.
        
               | markozivanovic wrote:
               | Saying that it's problematic to take RMS seriously
               | because of the things you mentioned is in my opinion one
               | of the problems that led us to the hellish things we're
               | exposed to today.
               | 
               | It's the well dressed, well socially adjusted people with
               | their silver tongues that convinced the masses that
               | giving up privacy is in their interest. People like that
               | are the people responsible for the shitshow we're now
               | observing.
               | 
               | RMS is strongly opinionated, and without that kind of
               | strong conviction, we would be far worse off. I do agree
               | he's taking an extreme position, but when you're standing
               | against giants with money and power, being extreme is
               | sometimes the only way to stand a chance.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > RMS is a hypocrite though
               | 
               | For whatever failing RMS has, hypocrite is obviously not
               | one. There are few people on the world who are so
               | consistent in their message and actions as RMS.
        
               | mehrdada wrote:
               | "Hypocrisy is the practice of engaging in the same
               | behavior or activity for which one criticizes another or
               | the practice of claiming to have moral standards or
               | beliefs to which one's own behavior does not conform."
               | 
               | RMS is as close to the opposite of hypocrite as it gets.
               | He definitely practices what he preaches to the degree
               | that he used a slow Loongson when he couldn't get an
               | Intel machine with free BIOS, for example.
               | 
               | He might not act diplomatic, be way outside social norms,
               | or not people-please, but that does not make him a
               | hypocrite.
        
               | danudey wrote:
               | He refuses to own a cell phone, because they're all
               | closed-down, closed-source systems and that goes against
               | his principles, but he's totally fine with _using_ one
               | when he needs to make a phone call. This comes across as
               | startlingly performative.
               | 
               | I thought I remembered other instances, but none of them
               | come to mind and obviously googling has turned up a ton
               | of opinion pieces without a lot of actual substantative
               | points made, so I'll leave it at that; not enough to
               | argue that he is, by his nature, a hypocrite, but also
               | not 100% pure to his principles in every circumstance.
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | He played Age of Empires II at a friend's house once. Is
               | that enough?
               | 
               | I think he makes a pretty big tradeoff that nobody else
               | would, without completely shooting himself in the foot.
               | Even if he had a fully FOSS phone, the people he called
               | probably wouldn't. He's drawn the line far enough out
               | that I don't doubt his sincerity.
        
               | mehrdada wrote:
               | My point is you have to understand his principles first
               | before calling him a hypocrite: in your cell phone
               | example, the phone call he is making with someone else's
               | phone is not depriving him of his freedom/privacy, but
               | its owner's. He would likely advise and nudge the owner
               | not to carry a cellphone for the owner's own benefit, in
               | his capacity as an advocate, but if they have made the
               | choice to carry one anyway, his use of someone else's
               | cellphone for making a call is no different to him than
               | utilizing a landline phone in his capacity as a user.
               | 
               | In fact, he has stated his principles/policies publicly
               | and clearly, and someone posted it here as well. He never
               | says " _You_ are not supposed to use someone else 's
               | cellphone, but it's okay when _I_ use it. " That would
               | make him a hypocrite.
               | 
               | Thus your example is a strawman here, with the implicit
               | assumption that he has said "you ought not to use any
               | cellphone" which he never said.
               | 
               | I think most misunderstandings of RMS come from the fact
               | that people project on him what they think he would say
               | and how he would act, not what he actually says and how
               | he actually acts; while assuming he is merely some sort
               | of activist engaging in civil disobedience and boycott,
               | just trying to make a point and show the world a pure
               | example of how to live. The way he should actually be
               | thought of is he is fighting a war against people
               | building proprietary software that, based on his theory,
               | inevitably will lead to unjust power over users' lives
               | through control over their devices. He is very pragmatic
               | in that sense and willing to take any strategic advantage
               | he can get in that fight, not deprive himself of that
               | just to make a point. My understanding is at the
               | beginning he used proprietary UNIX compilers to build
               | GCC, for example.
        
               | Osiris wrote:
               | Everything has software. If he follows his ideology that
               | everything he uses be open source then he can't do
               | anything except live off completely off grid without
               | anything that has a semi conductor in it.
               | 
               | No electric meter at his house, no internet (even if his
               | router is running open source, the ISP he's connected to
               | certainly isn't), no transportation of any kind, no
               | entertainment of any kind, no shopping of any kind
               | (inventory management, cash registers, logistics). The
               | equipment used to manufacture all the pieces of his
               | precious decade old laptop was running proprietary
               | software (not to mention all the small firmwares like
               | wifi and Ethernet controllers).
               | 
               | You cannot escape it.
               | 
               | So, we should be pragmatic about it. We should push for
               | it, but realize that it's impossible to live in society
               | without interacting with closed source software.
        
               | commoner wrote:
               | Richard Stallman's positions are actually more pragmatic
               | than that. Here is how he describes them:
               | 
               | > I firmly refuse to install non-free software or
               | tolerate its installed presence on my computer or on
               | computers set up for me.
               | 
               | > However, if I am visiting somewhere and the machines
               | available nearby happen to contain non-free software,
               | through no doing of mine, I don't refuse to touch them. I
               | will use them briefly for tasks such as browsing. This
               | limited usage doesn't give my assent to the software's
               | license, or make me responsible its being present in the
               | computer, or make me the possessor of a copy of it, so I
               | don't see an ethical obligation to refrain from this. Of
               | course, I explain to the local people why they should
               | migrate the machines to free software, but I don't push
               | them hard, because annoying them is not the way to
               | convince them.
               | 
               | > Likewise, I don't need to worry about what software is
               | in a kiosk, pay phone, or ATM that I am using. I hope
               | their owners migrate them to free software, for their
               | sake, but there's no need for me to refuse to touch them
               | until then. (I do consider what those machines and their
               | owners might do with my personal data, but that's a
               | different issue, which would arise just the same even if
               | they did use free software. My response to that issue is
               | to minimize those activities which give them any data
               | about me.)
               | 
               | > That's my policy about using a machine once in a while.
               | If I were to use it for an hour every day, that would no
               | longer be "once in a while" -- it would be regular use.
               | At that point, I would start to feel the heavy hand of
               | any nonfree software in that computer, and feel the duty
               | to arrange to use a liberated computer instead.
               | 
               | > As for microwave ovens and other appliances, if
               | updating software is not a normal part of use of the
               | device, then it is not a computer. In that case, I think
               | the user need not take cognizance of whether the device
               | contains a processor and software, or is built some other
               | way. However, if it has an "update firmware" button, that
               | means installing different software is a normal part of
               | use, so it is a computer.
               | 
               | https://stallman.org/stallman-computing.html
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | >no transportation of any kind
               | 
               | How do you figure this. Cars did not always have
               | computers in them, and you can still find older cars
               | available.
               | 
               | >The equipment used to manufacture all the pieces of
               | 
               | Who actually cares about this? The consumer should only
               | care about the thing produced.
        
               | Osiris wrote:
               | He never talks about running open source CPU microcode.
               | That's the ultimate attack vector.
        
               | mehrdada wrote:
               | With all due respect, I don't believe you are familiar
               | with RMS positions. I'd argue most people who have not
               | followed him closely and haven't carefully listened to
               | what his PoV is, have a very hand-wavy understanding of
               | the nuances of what he stands for. The fact that you talk
               | about _open source_ is the tell. The term  "open source"
               | was deliberately invented to de-emphasize what RMS cares
               | about in favor of a business-friendly justification for
               | why it benefits businesses to share source code with
               | others. Open Source philosophy is not about emphasizing
               | the user rights and ownership over their computers.
               | 
               | And yes, he is concerned about microcode--he still uses a
               | Core 2 Duo laptop that can work without the microcode
               | blobs in firmware, as opposed to more modern processors,
               | for that exact reason.
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | He borrows people's mobile phones and uses them.
               | 
               | Like the Amish.
               | 
               | Both condemn certain tech, but then use it. Both are not
               | being honest, but hypocrites.
        
               | mehrdada wrote:
               | To portray RMS as "against tech" is a very misleading
               | characterization of him (he is an OS developer after
               | all). To judge someone as a hypocrite, you have to first
               | understand (1) what they say, (2) how they act, and then
               | (3) compare the two. I don't think he ever said "don't
               | use tech". You are vastly mischaracterizing what his
               | position is.
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | Both condemn _certain_ tech.
               | 
               | You are vastly mischaracterizing the few sentences I
               | wrote.
               | 
               | In the case of RMS it is non-free software tech. In the
               | case of the Amish it is many kinds of tech and depends
               | (as the child comment mentions) on the community. One
               | community I lived among they weren't allowed to own
               | phones, but they would borrow them all the time.
               | 
               | To call everybody to stop using non-free software phones
               | while depending on thise same people to own them and let
               | you borrow them in order to live is hypocritical. Sorry
               | if that bothers you.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | > To portray RMS as "against tech" is a very misleading
               | characterization of him
               | 
               | It's also a poor characterization of the anabaptists, for
               | that matter - they are not in general against technology
               | but against the impacts of particular technology (nothing
               | to do with RMS's concerns, theirs are about community).
               | 
               | For example, some anabaptist communities disallow cars,
               | some allow them in limited ways, some allow them
               | completely - but this is decided based not on a doctrine
               | but on their communities evaluation on the impact of
               | peoples housing spreading apart...
        
               | jazzyjackson wrote:
               | I really don't see Amish as hypocritical when they hire a
               | car or take the train. They are using the absolute
               | minimum of tech that lets them get on with their life, I
               | suppose Stallman is doing the same when he borrows a
               | phone, otherwise avoiding them to the best of his
               | ability.
        
             | mdoms wrote:
             | Maybe he'd get more traction if he'd stop publicly eating
             | the gunk on the bottom of his foot.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | He probably would. He's his own worst enemy.
               | 
               | Doesn't make him wrong.
        
             | pgt wrote:
             | Every year RMS sounds less crazy.
        
           | jandorn wrote:
           | Unfortunately that is accurate for every property software,
           | not only that but you can easily make a case that all
           | software that you personally don't maintain including open
           | source has same problem.
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | Apples selling point is that they decide what should be
           | running on your phone. From the various app store
           | monopolization threads, people like that apple controls your
           | iphone, and wouldn't buy one if the owner controlled it.
        
             | petra wrote:
             | The iPhone is a status symbol. That's why most people buy
             | it.
        
               | kuratkull wrote:
               | Exactly, it's easy with phones - you can have the same
               | phone your favorite celebrity has! Not so with almost
               | anything else. People have just the weirdest reasons.
               | It's also funny to me because I will never ask anything
               | about a persons phone, laptop or other tech gadget if I
               | recognize it from a distance (for example Apple
               | products), but I will ask and converse about
               | brands/devices that I have not seen much of. Not sure why
               | people think Apple products give them any credit
               | whatsoever.
        
             | feanaro wrote:
             | On the other hand, I'm not buying an iPhone due to control
             | issues. If I _were_ able to fully control it, I 'd probably
             | buy one.
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | Why would you choose apple over anyone else at that
               | point?
        
             | idle_zealot wrote:
             | > people like that apple controls your iphone, and wouldn't
             | buy one if the owner controlled it.
             | 
             | My guess is that this applies to about as many people as
             | the opposite "wants to control their device" stance. Which
             | is to say approximately nobody. Most users probably don't
             | think about these things much if at all. They want a
             | smartphone that runs the expected smartphone apps and has
             | the expected smartphone features, and do not care whether
             | or not some nerd can install and run some apps they've
             | never heard of on his own device.
             | 
             | I imagine, though, that most people would have an opinion
             | one way or the other about phones snitching on their
             | owners.
        
           | vb6sp6 wrote:
           | Steve Jobs received a standing ovation when he showed how the
           | new iOS would finally let you change your wallpaper. This
           | broke the RDF for me.
        
             | dpkonofa wrote:
             | Why is that wrong? I also applauded (internally) when
             | notifications were added because it was a feature that I
             | wanted and I didn't care that Android had it before because
             | I wasn't using an Android phone. I bought all of the
             | Google-branded Android phones when they came out and I
             | still preferred iOS and the iPhone so having that feature
             | was worthy of applause for me. I don't see how the
             | wallpaper thing is any different. As much as I would like
             | to have had the ability to change wallpaper before then,
             | that wasn't as important as all the other things I cared
             | about more.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | I've never been to one of Apple's events, but as a viewer
             | of their videos some of those applause breaks have me
             | convinced there are giant "Applause Now" signs. I imagine
             | them being on more than they are off by how over the top
             | their dialog is written. Or they fill the air in the room
             | with some sort of gas that makes the attendees very
             | susceptible to the RDF.
             | 
             | Those are much more fun explanations than just realizing
             | they probably have plants to start the cheering in a room
             | full of fanboys
        
           | benhurmarcel wrote:
           | There's not much you can do about it if you want a decent
           | smartphone. On Android Google also can do on-device scanning
           | since forever.
        
             | kuratkull wrote:
             | The problem is _not_ on-device scanning, it's on-device
             | scanning and then sending incriminating results to the
             | device maker.
        
               | nicce wrote:
               | Well... the final result is better than before, because
               | scanning applies only into targets which will end into
               | the cloud. Content was plaintext in the cloud before, now
               | they are encrypted and Apple can decrypt them only if
               | CSAM treshold is reached. If we leave all speculation,
               | this is a great improvement for privacy.
               | 
               | You can opt-out from scanning by not using iCloud.
        
           | smnrchrds wrote:
           | Buying an iPhone (and increasingly Mac) is like going to
           | Disneyland: You pay a lot of money to be allowed in so you
           | can pay them even more money. The experience is highly
           | curated and controlled. At the end of the day, you are just a
           | guest there and what you are or aren't allowed to do is
           | determined by the company.
           | 
           | EDIT: And they have CCTV and undercover security officers
           | everywhere. More than you can possibly imagine.
        
             | tomjen3 wrote:
             | A Mac is very different from an iPhone. I am writing this
             | in Firefox, I have development tools and commandline
             | scripts installed.
        
               | tgvaughan wrote:
               | Are you sure? I have a Mac too, and earlier this year all
               | of my non Apple-approved software stopped working because
               | some random Apple server went down.
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | And Disney is one of the most well-known global brands - at
             | least when people think about entertainment and
             | vacationing.
        
             | reificator wrote:
             | > _Buying an iPhone (and increasingly Mac) is like going to
             | Disneyland: You pay a lot of money to be allowed in so you
             | can pay them even more money._
             | 
             | Bought the latest SE over a year ago at considerably less
             | than my last comparable Android device. Have spent under
             | $100 in the App Store since.
             | 
             | Phone does everything that I want it to do including some
             | fairly complex multi-app automations 15 minutes before I
             | leave, when I get an SMS, etc...
        
               | jay_kyburz wrote:
               | That's just like going to Disneyland, but packing your
               | own luch and not going on any of the rides. :)
        
             | enos_feedler wrote:
             | Yes, and the price these companies can charge is determined
             | by the market. If what they are doing no longer serves a
             | large market, their business will shrink. And if there
             | actions expose a new opportunity for someone else, that
             | company will form and business will grow.
        
             | lancesells wrote:
             | I really don't Apple Hardware is a lot of money. I buy the
             | cheapest MacBook Airs with a ram upgrade and they last me
             | around ~6 years. Same with the phone I buy (iPhone SE).
             | Outside of the battery needing replaced they last me a
             | long, long time.
             | 
             | Everything else with I agree. The eco-system of all these
             | companies is never-ending (cars, food, cities, etc.). It's
             | like those sci-fi movies where one corporation owns
             | everything. The only difference is it's 5 or 6 companies
             | because they haven't yet started to merge.
        
               | alerighi wrote:
               | You can buy an Android phone with better specs (except
               | the camera, where the iPhone objectively the best) for
               | 200$, while an iPhone is minimum 500$ (and for an SE 2
               | that is an old iPhone 8 with a newer SOC).
               | 
               | For a computer you can buy for the same money that you
               | spend for a MacBook Air a computer with better specs and
               | hardware that you can upgrade. Apple tends not to upgrade
               | the oldest computers, leaving you with an insecure OS
               | where you can't run the latest software. I have my battle
               | Thinkpad that with Linux runs better than most Macbook
               | and we are talking about a PC that has more than 10 years
               | and I bought used on Ebay for 100$.
               | 
               | Really Apple is not that great. I once used to buy their
               | product thinking they were superior, and maybe once they
               | were, nowadays they are just the other crap made in China
               | but sold at (at least) twice the price because they have
               | the Apple logo on it.
        
           | ASalazarMX wrote:
           | > Problem is that the devices are really really good
           | 
           | their devices are really good, but they come with so much
           | crippling for the sake of the walled garden that their
           | goodness is wasted in some fronts.
           | 
           | There's a large list of things they are (or can be with
           | minimal effort) perfectly capable for, but are forbidden for
           | reasons, like reverse wireless charge of other iphones /
           | airpods.
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | It's hard to argue they did this for a vision of privacy.
         | 
         | They did this because they want YOUR phone to be a liability
         | not THEIR servers.
        
           | aNoob7000 wrote:
           | To make it even worse they extended the functionality to Mac
           | OSX. WTF???
        
             | freeopinion wrote:
             | How is this worse? Any Apple device you thought you owned
             | and controlled was never under your control. You were
             | wrong.
             | 
             | Perhaps your understanding of the situation has changed so
             | that you better understand how bad it is. But the situation
             | isn't worse.
        
             | cassianoleal wrote:
             | Do you have references for this? I must have missed this
             | part.
        
               | Xylakant wrote:
               | https://www.apple.com/child-safety/, at the bottom lists
               | macOS as target platform.
        
               | cassianoleal wrote:
               | It's unclear exactly what this means to be honest. Which
               | is not less scary but more.
               | 
               | This sentence:
               | 
               | > Next, iOS and iPadOS will use new applications of
               | cryptography to help limit the spread of CSAM online
               | 
               | seems to suggest that the hash-matching happens only on
               | iOS and iPadOS.
               | 
               | The rest of the text OTOH suggests many things happen
               | across all types of devices and OSs.
               | 
               | Regardless, this seems very bad.
        
               | YokoSix wrote:
               | My guess is that they're going to put it into the macOS
               | Photos app. Those images are already scanned for people,
               | animals and objects so it should be easy for them to
               | implement the child protection database there.
        
               | aethertron wrote:
               | Won't implementing this on macOS make it too easy to
               | reverse engineer? Think the hashes are supposed to be
               | secret.
               | 
               | ETA: Apple quote: "unreadable set of hashes that is
               | securely stored on users' devices". Unreadable,
               | unleakable, no doubt uninterpretable... unless someone
               | reverses them to get a blurry 'visual proxy' collection.
        
           | syops wrote:
           | That's an interesting point. Do you know I'd this is the
           | case? That is, by putting this in the phone then Apple's
           | liability is lessened.
        
           | 015a wrote:
           | Not to mention, this neural hashing can't be a cheap
           | operation. Better to use the processors paid for by your
           | customers than ones you have to pay for in the cloud!
        
             | brandon272 wrote:
             | I honestly wonder if the privacy/intrusion backlash wasn't
             | even considered because they were focused on this from the
             | perspective of "isn't this great that these phones now have
             | enough power to do this computation on-device", the same
             | way they were proud to be able to announce that Siri
             | processing would begin to happen on-device.
        
               | YokoSix wrote:
               | I thought about that as well. They rushed to publish some
               | unpolished PR pieces and FAQs right after the
               | announcement and at very unusual times (3am in Cupertino)
               | trying to damage control so my guess would be as well
               | that they didn't even consider the backlash. Maybe they
               | were really proud about the technology they implemented.
               | It's a little bit sad if you think about it.
        
             | eropple wrote:
             | I would like to see tests wrt this before I assume it--
             | Apple puts a pretty hefty premium on battery life for
             | customer devices, and while that would probably not win out
             | when placed against this kind of liability minimization,
             | they've got a lot of sharp folks there who crunch this
             | stuff in their sleep.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | I have been noticing increased background activity on my
               | phone after it reached 100% during charging, for years
               | now.
               | 
               | Pretty sure they can infer your normal sleep schedule
               | and, after your phone has fully charged (1h to 3h after
               | you fall asleep) they can freely use it as a P2P
               | computing device.
               | 
               | Nothing new really. And they can still keep their promise
               | of a good battery life -- which is quite justified by the
               | way, I am using iPhones for 4 years now and they've
               | consistently won over any of the 13 Android devices that
               | I've used in the years before (and sometimes during).
               | 
               | There are ways to achieve both -- good observable battery
               | life plus ability to use your phone for P2P computation
               | -- and it's IMO obvious that Apple has succeeded in that
               | for several years now.
        
               | Xylakant wrote:
               | Pretty sure they can infer your normal sleep schedule
               | and, after your phone has fully charged (1h to 3h after
               | you fall asleep) they can freely use it as a P2P
               | computing device.
               | 
               | They already do, the feature is called "Optimized Batter
               | Charging". It charges the battery to 80% and only does
               | the full charge a bit before you usually start using the
               | phone. You'll find the setting in the battery health
               | section.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | Optimized Battery Charging isn't the same as being a node
               | in a bot net.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | I have owned nearly every premium phone on the market and
               | none of them come close to the Sony Xperia for battery
               | life. I try new iPhones every other model or so...battery
               | life has never been outstanding.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Do you disable Background App Refresh? First thing that I
               | do on every iDevice. That feature being on is _hugely
               | overrated_ , you absolutely don't need it because you
               | enter an app and manually refresh it; what's the big deal
               | with that, are people _that_ lazy?... Gods!
               | 
               | (The only useful application of that feature is email
               | apps, I suppose; you do want to have your messages
               | downloaded when you unlock your phone because Apple Mail
               | takes ages to sync with Gmail... and it only gets worse
               | with time.)
               | 
               | With that option set to "on" the idle battery life might
               | quickly take a nose dive if you have stuff like Facebook
               | / TikTok / Snapchat et. al. installed.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | > which is quite justified by the way, I am using iPhones
               | for 4 years now and they've consistently won over any of
               | the 13 Android devices that I've used in the years before
               | (and sometimes during).
               | 
               | I find this a bit shocking. Were all of these Android low
               | battery devices?
               | 
               | I don't have a good point of comparison, as I've only
               | used Android on phones, but there are a lot of Android
               | devices with really large batteries and very long battery
               | life. It'd be pretty amazing if iOS were beating them in
               | the real world.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | There's no magic in iPhone's batteries, they are
               | basically identical to all others.
               | 
               | The secret sauce ingredient is the idle battery life. The
               | Android devices I used -- all 13 of them, without
               | exception -- routinely lost anywhere from 15% to 40%
               | battery when I was out and about without me picking them
               | up even once. We're talking anywhere from 2 to 5 hours
               | with them being in my pocket or a backpack, in the middle
               | of a big city, with excellent 4G coverage, so it should
               | not be a constant radio antenna activity (although if
               | their antennas were of lower quality that might just be
               | it).
               | 
               | I installed all sorts of root apps to try and pinpoint
               | the culprit and inevitably hit a brick wall when all the
               | apps can do is point at a system service without any way
               | to drill down further.
               | 
               | In contrast, the iPhones that I've used -- 6S Plus, 8
               | Plus and 12 Pro Max -- are all extremely frugal on using
               | battery when the device is idle. I've grown used to
               | picking the phone from my bed at 100% battery in the
               | morning on days where I had to do a lot of stuff outside,
               | be out and about for 4-5 hours and only pick up the phone
               | once or twice, and then get back home and find the phone
               | at 98% battery.
        
               | 015a wrote:
               | As someone with an iPhone 12 Pro and a Galaxy S21 Ultra,
               | swapping my SIM between each every ~two months; this
               | situation has absolutely changed sometime in the past
               | couple years.
               | 
               | Android's idle power draw, at least on the S21 Ultra, is
               | fantastic. I'll sometimes leave this phone on, with no
               | SIM in it but connected to WiFi, sitting on my desk,
               | using it every once in a while for Tik Tok or whatever,
               | and it'll last a week or more. The iPhone is pretty
               | similar.
               | 
               | But display-on time, apples to apples; the iPhone has
               | fallen behind. With the 12 Pro, most days I'll end at
               | 5-10%. At least once every couple weeks, the day will end
               | with the iPhone having already shut down. In comparison,
               | on the S21 Ultra: I give it ~20-40 minutes of charge
               | every day while I'm working, just unplug my USB-C laptop
               | and plug it into the phone, and that's it. I don't charge
               | it at night. Its battery life is ungodly; by the time I
               | go to bed, its at 50-60%. Wake up, plug it in while I'm
               | showering and making coffee, good to go.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | I think you are aware that 4G radio can draw a lot of
               | energy so that might be an unfair comparison with the
               | iPhone.
               | 
               | A more objective test would be for both to have SIM, or
               | both to not have a SIM. Then again, iPhones have
               | objectively weaker batteries compared to a lot of
               | Androids (as in, less mAh).
               | 
               | I am not claiming that there are no better Android
               | devices nowadays btw; not at all. I'd be happy if the
               | OEMs finally caught up with this nasty problem! I am only
               | saying that back in 2017 -- when I finally lost patience
               | with Android -- things were looking pretty bad for it and
               | for me that was the tipping point that made go for
               | iPhones.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | > I am only saying that back in 2017 -- when I finally
               | lost patience with Android -- things were looking pretty
               | bad for it and for me that was the tipping point that
               | made go for iPhones.
               | 
               | I'll respond to your earlier post too, but this is
               | actually the answer that I was looking for. The Android
               | world was a very different place back in 2017. The best
               | battery life that I got out of an Android back then was
               | an LG G2. I think that it was competitive with the
               | iPhone, but many other Android devices of the era were
               | not.
        
               | 015a wrote:
               | Both the iPhone 12 Pro and S21 Ultra have 5G radios
               | (though their usage here is probably 80% on wifi, 20% on
               | non-UWB 5G most days).
               | 
               | My point is comparing their battery lives when they have
               | the SIM in them. So, not which one lasted the longest
               | yesterday, one with the SIM and one without, but rather
               | comparing across time, how did the S21 (my current phone)
               | fair today, versus how did the iPhone generally fair a
               | few weeks ago when the SIM was in it. Not exactly
               | scientific; just what I've observed and felt.
               | 
               | And the unscientific conclusion I've drawn is that the
               | idle time is pretty similar between the iPhone 12 Pro and
               | S21 Ultra, but the "active" radios-on SIM-in screen-
               | being-used-all-day time definitely favors the S21 Ultra.
               | 
               | > I am only saying that back in 2017 -- when I finally
               | lost patience with Android -- things were looking pretty
               | bad for it and for me that was the tipping point that
               | made go for iPhones.
               | 
               | You're 100% right; Android's track record has been pretty
               | darn bad when it comes to standby time. But, I think its
               | actually gotten a lot better. There are some reports that
               | Samsung's Android flavors, specifically, are very
               | aggressive when it comes to background app killing; that
               | may be it (and, frankly, I don't notice any negative
               | side-effects from it. if its happening, its transparent).
               | Or maybe it was something more general in a later version
               | of Android. Or maybe just huge batteries. But; something
               | has changed.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Thank you, those are very valuable anecdotes to keep in
               | mind for the future!
        
               | tomc1985 wrote:
               | > I've grown used to picking the phone from my bed at
               | 100% battery in the morning on days where I had to do a
               | lot of stuff outside, be out and about for 4-5 hours and
               | only pick up the phone once or twice, and then get back
               | home and find the phone at 98% battery.
               | 
               | Is this true when the device is a year or two old? I've
               | always found iPhone battery life impressive... but only
               | until its about a year old or so. My iPhone 11 plus now
               | requires nightly charging, or I will inevitably hit a Low
               | Battery situation
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | I held on to my 8 Plus for little over two years and it
               | remained excellent most of the time -- although I had to
               | replace the battery before reselling it because it was at
               | 83% capacity.
               | 
               | I also always charge my phone overnight even if it's at
               | 70% (which it routinely is) because I've been bitten by
               | going out and about with 60% charge and having to spend
               | 12h outside and my phone died. So I just started
               | conservatively charging it each night no matter what I
               | expected for the next day.
               | 
               | But yes, for most people an iPhone can easily last two
               | full days and still be at 15-20% when you finally plug it
               | in on the second day's end.
        
               | dont__panic wrote:
               | iPhone batteries are only rated for 500 cycles of 100% ->
               | 0%. Or, to look at it differently: You can charge 1
               | percent of your battery 50,000 times on your iphone
               | before Apple no longer guarantees under warrantee that
               | your battery will hold 80% of its original capacity.
               | 
               | Caveat: every percent is not equivalent. Charging above
               | 90% is harder on your battery than charging from 40-50%.
               | Charging and even just using your battery while it is
               | very hot (90 degrees or above) or very cold (below
               | freezing) is also very hard on it. Apple defines
               | operating temperatures as:
               | 
               | > Use iOS devices where the ambient temperature is
               | between 0o and 35o C (32o to 95o F)
               | 
               | and claims that using the phone outside those temperature
               | ranges can _permanently shorten_ battery life. Bit silly
               | when you live someplace like I do where 60% or more of
               | days are outside of that operating range, but I guess
               | Apple is really just designing for Cupertino
               | temperatures.
               | 
               | Basically after just 365 days of phone ownership, you're
               | probably already over 50% of your way through your
               | battery and capacity might be reduced by over 10%, up to
               | 19% is still OK under warrantee. I've had a 2016 iPhone
               | SE for over 5 years now, and I've replaced the battery
               | twice in that time. Seems to be essentially required once
               | every two years.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Yes, I agree with that. The two iPhones I had before the
               | 12 Pro Max -- 6s Plus and 8 Plus -- seem to have needed a
               | battery replacement at about the 20th month mark because
               | the capacity was at ~85% at that point. And you being to
               | notice. So yes, doing a battery replacement anywhere
               | inbetween the 1.5 and 2.0 years mark for iPhones is quite
               | expected IMO.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | I've used my (original) SE for over 5 years, running it
               | down to the 20% region (often way lower) and back up
               | overnight at least 2000 times. Battery still seems
               | reasonable - health on 79%.
        
               | tomc1985 wrote:
               | Before I had an 11 I had an SE, and by year 2 or 3 the
               | battery was so weak that I had to carry around an
               | external charging pack for it. This got really awkward
               | (and a little scary) for traveling and was part of the
               | reason I upgraded to a newer model.
               | 
               | Right before I sold that SE to my friend I checked the
               | battery health, and it was in the high 80s. Yet I could
               | not get a full day's use on a single charge. This led me
               | to conclude that that Battery Health measurement was
               | bullshit.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | I haven't looked at it before.
               | 
               | Apparently if I enable analytics I will get a report
               | saying how many cycles my batter has lasted. Unless I use
               | my phone for several hours of playing spotify and youtube
               | I don't notice the battery dying during the day.
        
               | pier25 wrote:
               | > _The Android devices I used -- all 13 of them, without
               | exception -- routinely lost anywhere from 15% to 40%
               | battery when I was out and about without me picking them
               | up even once._
               | 
               | That hasn't been my experience.
               | 
               | My current (very crappy) Mi A1 still lasts 3-4 days with
               | moderate use.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | I agree Xiaomi's devices are better. I used one for a few
               | months before I switched to Apple and liked them best of
               | all Androids before.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | > The secret sauce ingredient is the idle battery life.
               | The Android devices I used -- all 13 of them, without
               | exception -- routinely lost anywhere from 15% to 40%
               | battery when I was out and about without me picking them
               | up even once.
               | 
               | I think Android and newer chips have mostly fixed this.
               | The Pixel 5 on my desk right now has gone from 100% to
               | 81% in the last 7.5 hours with 1.25 hours of screen on
               | time during that period. Last week, I had a session of 18
               | hours with screen on of 4.5 hours that went from 100% to
               | 34%. IMO, idle draw is likely still a little higher, but
               | then again I run a lot of little background apps (eg,
               | tasker, the pebble app, wear os connectivity and others).
               | 
               | Most of my previous Android devices wouldn't have fared
               | nearly so well, even back when I cared enough to spend
               | time trying to find wakelock culprits. Thankfully, I
               | haven't needed to do that in years either. :)
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | It's really good to hear that wakelock hunting is no
               | longer an expected practice. ^_^
               | 
               | I'm super interested in getting a Xiaomi (and modifying
               | it enough so I can be reasonably sure that it doesn't
               | stream all noise around it 24/7) at some point so hearing
               | about how Android got better in this regard is exciting.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | Yeah this. I'll leave my iPad on my bed for 10+ hours and
               | when I come back it's lost maybe a percent or two of
               | battery life. With my Android tablet I had it had to be
               | on the charger constantly. My phones battery lasts about
               | a day with all my apps on it, where my old android I had
               | to charge mid day.
        
               | handrous wrote:
               | The ha-ha-only-serious joke when I was at a place
               | developing for iOS and Android, so had tons of test
               | tablets for both, was that the Android tablets would be
               | completely dead after a long weekend (or sometimes just a
               | normal weekend...) in a drawer, and the iPads would still
               | have enough charge to do something useful, and still wake
               | up effectively instantly, if you forgot about them for a
               | month.
               | 
               | As for the phones, I find I get 2-day charge out of a new
               | iOS device. After 2-3 years it's about as bad as a new
               | Android. 10% low-battery warning, and put in low-power
               | mode right at bed time? It'll still have enough juice for
               | the morning alarm and some morning HN reading. I mean, I
               | try not to rely on that, but it _does_ work. Difference
               | has got to mostly be the software  & firmware.
        
               | cmurf wrote:
               | I've got an older Moto X4 and it consumes 2% per hour
               | when in my backpack. I guess the only remarkable thing
               | about the configuration is no social media apps.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | Same answer for me. No social media apps.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | I'm sorry, this is ridiculous. I don't even lose 15% of
               | my battery life in 2 hours on my galaxy S3 without using
               | it, and it is nearly a decade old at this point.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | There are likely other factors that I can't account for
               | because I was only using those phones in a single city --
               | with rare exceptions going to a rural area for 1-2 days.
               | 
               | Still, your anecdotal evidence does not nullify mine.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | No, but from your multiple posts on this article, I don't
               | know that I can take your android posts in good faith.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | You might be biased? I have no axe to grind with any
               | company. I am looking for what serves me best.
               | 
               | We don't have a perfect option, sadly. I evaluated
               | Android quite fairly, for about 5 years, and found it
               | lacking. I find the iPhone lacking as well, but in
               | departments that I care less about.
               | 
               | Do with my posts what you will, I'll only say once that I
               | have no bias either way. IMO both sides of the duopoly
               | suck... but I do need a smartphone. I picked what served
               | me better at the time.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | I don't think its fair to say your are speaking in bad
               | faith either. I had similar experiences with some older
               | devices (Nexus One, Galaxy S2, etc). There was a long
               | period of time when Android devices were really bad on
               | battery, even with relatively large (for the time)
               | batteries on board.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | I'm currently using an S3, have for nearly a decade. It
               | has never dropped 15% with no use in 2 hours.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Does the expression "anecdotal evidence" ring a bell to
               | you?
               | 
               | I am glad that you got lucky. I had both a Galaxy S4 and
               | Note 4 and both were completely awful on idle battery
               | life; both barely lasted a day in the office with 30
               | minute commutes in both directions, and no more than 2h
               | of active screen time, if even that. And I had like
               | Facebook, Twitter and Tumblr installed at the time. And
               | Gmail. That was literally all I had installed on top of
               | the stock ROM.
               | 
               | I don't get why are you coming here insisting that your
               | experience somehow nullifies mine. _That_ is what I 'd
               | call not arguing in good faith. I didn't do anything more
               | except share my bad experience with Android (which is now
               | severely outdated because it ended in 2017) and never
               | claimed anything more than that.
               | 
               | What's your goal here?
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | I'm not even talking with you any more.
               | 
               | > Does the expression "anecdotal evidence" ring a bell to
               | you?
               | 
               | Read the guidelines.
               | 
               | > Be kind. Don't be snarky. Have curious conversation;
               | don't cross-examine. Please don't fulminate. Please don't
               | sneer, including at the rest of the community.
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | > they can freely use it as a P2P computing device
               | 
               | Do you have any evidence of this, or are you just making
               | up something that sounds good to you?
               | 
               | More likely it's doing the background on-device work that
               | Apple has actively advertised for a long time, like
               | analyzing photos to attach metadata to them. (There's a
               | lot more to this than is obvious at first glance - I can
               | text "penguin" or "sunset" in my Photos.app library and
               | get a set of matching pictures back, for example.)
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | You reckon I would know of a way to gather an exact
               | evidence unless I work for Apple? (In which case I'll
               | likely be convicted and thrown in jail as well.)
               | 
               | Obviously I can't know for a fact. I also thought they
               | likely analyze photos and that's my chief suspect even
               | now. But critical thinking demands to keep an open mind
               | -- and that's how I suspect they might use fully-charged
               | iDevices (that are expected to sit on the charger for
               | several more hours) for unsolicited and non-advertised
               | P2P computations.
               | 
               | I don't _claim_ it, I merely _suspect it_.
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | > You reckon I would know of a way to gather an exact
               | evidence unless I work for Apple?
               | 
               | Monitor your network traffic.
               | 
               | Lots of people do this already for various reasons and
               | haven't noticed anything like this going on.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Yeah, sure, I can brute force encrypted traffic by
               | eyeballing it in my router's dashboard UI. Come on, dude.
               | 
               | You seem to have an axe to grind here and I refuse to
               | participate. I even objectively admitted that I can't
               | know and that I only suspect yet you (a) offer a non-
               | solution and (b) likely downvote a comment because you
               | don't like it.
               | 
               | Sheesh. Fine. You do you.
        
           | ursugardaddy wrote:
           | Apple's just really weird when it comes to the control they
           | exert over devices.
           | 
           | they do it with 'privacy' in mind and what they come up with
           | is usually better than the worst case but it can still be
           | pretty iffy
           | 
           | eg. a few months back when their notarization/entitlement
           | verification system was being discussed
           | 
           | it's all just their vision of computing (which has some
           | merits), hyper-controlled, locked down and "safe" it's not
           | going to change if you're not comfortable with it you really
           | shouldn't be using their products
        
             | MomoXenosaga wrote:
             | Hate Apple's philosophy personally but I recommend my mom a
             | Mac every single time.
             | 
             | Not everyone needs freedom, she's not downloading fitgirl
             | repacks.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | This is a weird mindset. Either you care about privacy or
               | you don't: what a person does on their device shouldn't
               | matter. If you only care about privacy when doing illegal
               | things you don't actually care about privacy you're just
               | a criminal not wanting to be caught.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | hoppyhoppy2 wrote:
           | I've heard it argued that this allows Apple to move iCloud
           | toward end-to-end encryption (which would be a good thing for
           | privacy, right?). It seems like the current US government
           | position is "we'll let tech giants use end-to-end encryption
           | for user data as long as they put measures in place to catch
           | CSAM."
           | 
           |  _by "US government position" I'm including negotiations and
           | proposed/threatened legislation, not just the current laws on
           | the books._
        
             | nicce wrote:
             | Feels like nobody here has bothered to read the actual
             | technical specifications.[1]
             | 
             | This already adds new level of encryption into iCloud
             | stored images. They have essentially created E2EE system
             | with a specific access (or backdoor), while preventing the
             | use of backdoor for other purposes than CSAM (so nobody can
             | ask randomly to decrypt something else). They can only
             | decrypt images, when user's account reaches the treshold of
             | CSAM hash count:
             | 
             | > Only when the threshold is exceeded does the
             | cryptographic technology allow Apple to interpret the
             | contents of the safety vouchers associated with the
             | matching CSAM images.
             | 
             | While this is not perfect end-to-end encryption solution,
             | it is better than only server side encryption. Now there
             | are two levels of encryption. If someone breaches Apple's
             | servers and they have also access for server side private
             | keys, they still need matching NeuralHash value to decrypt
             | the images.
             | 
             | [1]:https://www.apple.com/child-
             | safety/pdf/Expanded_Protections_...
        
               | BHSPitMonkey wrote:
               | I think the argument here is that (1) the model is going
               | to have false positives (e.g. revealing pictures of you
               | and your spouse, your beach photos, etc.) that will
               | permit access for non-CSAM (or at the very least, mark
               | your account as suspicious in the eyes of authorities),
               | and (2) the model itself can be updated/replaced for any
               | reason and potentially at any government's demand, so the
               | limits on scope are effectively moot
        
               | nicce wrote:
               | For argument (1), they are only looking matches from
               | existing database of hashes what NCMEC is providing. They
               | are not developing general AI to identify new pictures,
               | they only try to stop redistribution of known files.
               | Because of that, their claim for 1/1 trillion false
               | postives might be actually close to be correct since it
               | is easily validated on development phase.
               | 
               | For argument (2), this might be valid, but yet again, all
               | we can do is to trust Apple, as we do all the time by
               | using their closed source system. Model can be changed,
               | but it is still better option than store everything
               | unencrypted? In case you mean forging hashes to decrypt
               | content.
               | 
               | For the sake of surveillance, it is not strong argument
               | because again, system is closed and we know only what
               | they say. Creating such model is trivial, and is not
               | stopping government for demanding if Apple would want to
               | allow that. System would be identical for antivirus
               | engines which have existed since 1980s.
               | 
               | This is such a PR failure for Apple, because all their
               | incoming features are improving privacy on CSAM area,
               | everything negative comes from speculation which was
               | equally already possible.
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | > _move iCloud toward end-to-end encryption (which would be
             | a good thing for privacy, right?)._
             | 
             | "End-to-end" encryption is nothing to strive for if you're
             | destroying the _ends_. With this change, the  "ends" become
             | the users themselves. By embedding an agent acting on
             | behalf of Apple/government, the device in front of end
             | users is no longer a tool but rather an adversary. This is
             | computational disenfranchisement.
        
               | headmelted wrote:
               | Hey if the ends justify the means.
               | 
               | I'll show myself out.
        
             | babesh wrote:
             | If you really believe that, then I have a bridge to sell
             | you. The exact same safety argument can and will be applied
             | to ALL data whether on your device or Apple's servers.
             | 
             | Why limit to iMessage and photos? Why not Signal on your
             | device?
             | 
             | Why not your backups on Apple servers? Oh wait, already
             | happens.
        
               | hoppyhoppy2 wrote:
               | I think Apple would rather put this CSAM-scanning system
               | in place (which allows them to implement end-to-end
               | encryption for iCloud in the future) than deal with the
               | EARN-IT Act or similar becoming law, which could
               | effectively make all e2e-encrypted services illegal
               | (require a government backdoor).
               | 
               | >The bill also crafts two addition changes to Section
               | 230(c)(2)'s liability, allows any state to bring a
               | lawsuit to service providers if they fail to deal with
               | child sexual abuse material on their service, or if they
               | allow end-to-end encryption on their service and do not
               | provide means to enforcement officials to decrypt the
               | material.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EARN_IT_Act_of_2020
        
               | babesh wrote:
               | If that were the case, wouldn't this CSAM scanning system
               | be insufficient to meet those EARN-IT requirements?
               | 
               | You have other Apple services and third-party apps that
               | host material on Apple's servers.
               | 
               | For example, if a user turns on iCloud backups, then
               | every third-party app's Documents directory is backed up
               | to iCloud. Would it be a violation to not CSAM scan that
               | content? What if the contents are encrypted? Would they
               | be required to be decrypted so that they are CSAM-
               | scanned?
               | 
               | iCloud drive is another Apple service that backs up to
               | Apple's servers. Wouldn't its absence from the list be a
               | violation? What if a user hosts encrypted files on iCloud
               | drive? Would the user be required to decrypt them so that
               | Apple can scan them?
               | 
               | It seems that the real intention is to eliminate end-to-
               | end encryption.
        
               | hoppyhoppy2 wrote:
               | >wouldn't this CSAM scanning system be insufficient to
               | meet those EARN-IT requirements?
               | 
               | Yes. My point is that there's an ongoing dance between
               | the tech companies and the government, and through their
               | negotiations and government connections Apple probably
               | views this CSAM-scanning move as making an EARN-IT-like
               | law less likely to be passed. It's overall the less-
               | invasive option. The US federal government is putting
               | pressure on tech companies not to host CSAM, and if tech
               | giants didn't agree to do stuff like this the government
               | could respond by passing stricter laws to effectively
               | make unbackdoored e2e encryption illegal.
               | 
               | Apple has a lot of influence but at the end of the day
               | they're a US-based company that has to follow US laws.
               | Voluntarily implementing CSAM-scanning is in their own
               | interest as a "pro-privacy" company if it prevents more
               | draconian anti-encryption laws from being passed that
               | could effectively outlaw e2e encryption.
               | 
               | I don't view this as Apple singlehandedly trying to
               | eliminate end-to-end encryption; that seems like a pretty
               | radical view of the situation to me but of course you're
               | free to hold that opinion.
        
               | babesh wrote:
               | I don't hold the view that Apple is trying to eliminate
               | end to end encryption. I view this as a push by
               | governments to do so and the increasing willingness of
               | the tech industry to work with them.
               | 
               | This is more like Apple giving way gradually and the
               | government happy since in the long run they get
               | everything they want.
               | 
               | Examples: we don't unlock phones for the government...
               | but we give them all the data if you back up your
               | phone... but you have so much privacy!
               | 
               | We don't read your messages, oh wait now we do, but only
               | for child abuse, oh wait, we don't control what it looks
               | for but let's not talk about that because it hurts our
               | marketing
        
             | feanaro wrote:
             | It moves iCloud to end-to-end encryption by compromising
             | the ends. Not really a reasonable outcome.
        
             | sebzim4500 wrote:
             | Hard to believe that a law limiting that would stand up in
             | the supreme court, and Apple has previously indicated they
             | would be willing to pay whatever legal costs are necessary
             | to defend themselves from that sort of attack.
             | 
             | It is weird that Apple would do this in the first place
             | though, it certainly doesn't make me want to use their
             | products.
        
       | fay59 wrote:
       | > One of the most powerful arguments in Apple's favor in the 2016
       | San Bernardino case is that the company didn't even have the
       | means to break into the iPhone in question, and that to build the
       | capability would open the company up to a multitude of requests
       | that were far less pressing in nature, and weaken the company's
       | ability to stand up to foreign governments.
       | 
       | I think that a crucial missing piece is the FBI's argument: Apple
       | is fully capable of developing and signing a "law enforcement
       | iBoot". IIRC, the FBI was even willing to have someone else
       | develop the software and only ask Apple to sign it-which they
       | definitely have the capability to do, and only policy of not
       | signing other people's software stood in the way.
       | 
       | If we agree that Apple was right in 2016, it stands to reason
       | that Apple cannot be compelled to modify its CSAM filter to
       | capture arbitrary contents, or report it at lower thresholds, or
       | expand it beyond iCloud Photos (like to Messages itself). The
       | amount of work they would have to do for it seems like it would
       | be even higher. There are whole infrastructure pieces that just
       | don't exist. What am I missing?
        
         | 0x00000000 wrote:
         | > If we agree that Apple was right in 2016, it stands to reason
         | that Apple cannot be compelled to modify its CSAM filter to
         | capture arbitrary contents
         | 
         | The government or whoever will regularly add hashes to the
         | list. Those hashes can be for anything and it's not like Apple
         | has any way to verify what they are for. Apple doesn't really
         | have oversight on what they're doing if I understand correctly,
         | all the trust is in whoever creates the list of hashes
        
           | fay59 wrote:
           | The government will have to overcome the same issues
           | compelling NCMEC to add pictures to its data set that it
           | would have to overcome with Apple.
           | 
           | Additionally, by compelling the NCMEC, the government cannot
           | increase the scope of searching or lower the match threshold.
        
             | yellow_lead wrote:
             | It's a private nonprofit that appears to be wholly funded
             | by the government. It's reasonable to expect that if they
             | don't "play nice" with the DOJ, their funding could be
             | affected. Incentives are important.
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Missing
             | _...
        
               | fay59 wrote:
               | But it's not something that the NCMEC can do in secret.
               | Apple gets the CSAM reports and decides whether something
               | is worth sending as a tip to NCMEC.
        
             | 0x00000000 wrote:
             | I wouldn't think the government shares the images with
             | NCMEC, wouldn't they just say "we captured some hard
             | drives, add these hashes to the list"?
        
               | fay59 wrote:
               | My understanding is that the NCMEC actually has the
               | pictures, and they're basically the only people in the US
               | who can legally hold onto them.
        
           | anonAndOn wrote:
           | It's not hard to imagine that authoritarian regimes all over
           | the world will soon have their own special list of hashes of
           | "illegal" images. Seems like a great way to bury any
           | photographic evidence of government abuse.
        
         | mattnewton wrote:
         | I think the biggest thing you are missing (from my perspective)
         | is that to make those other policy changes from the San
         | Bernardino case would require large investment from the company
         | employees and would be externally visible.
         | 
         | A change to the policy of what kinds of images are scanned is
         | opaque by law, since none of the Apple employees involved can
         | even have any access to the database of hashes they are using.
         | There is also no realistic way for the consumer to understand
         | the true false positive rate, no ability for a third party
         | organization to distinguish false positives from true positives
         | on non-csam images leaving the device.
         | 
         | Additionally, these are just problems in the US. Other
         | governments can and will mandate the use of this tool for other
         | kinds of media they find objectionable in their borders.
         | 
         | And there will be bugs that expose people to the results of
         | these other governments, like the Taiwan flag emoji crashing
         | case. https://www.wired.com/story/apple-china-censorship-bug-
         | iphon...
         | 
         | The large investment from this system is almost certainly the
         | infrastructure to get it on phones, report the results, and run
         | it in scenarios where it will minimize battery impact. What
         | photos on device it is run on does not strike me as a technical
         | challenge once the tool is built, only one with policy
         | implications. And the easy answer to that will be just to check
         | some flag if the phone is in a country that requires all
         | pictures to be scanned.
        
           | fay59 wrote:
           | A change in policy regarding the pictures that are scanned is
           | a change of NCMEC policy, which would be the same kind of
           | high-level court dispute.
           | 
           | I'm not knowledgeable enough to comment about other
           | countries' policies, but the fact remains that no one has a
           | law enforcement iBoot, as far as we know; and if one exists,
           | CSAM filtering was never the opportunity that repressive
           | regimes were waiting for.
        
             | mattnewton wrote:
             | My understanding, is that existing NCMEC policy includes
             | non CSAM photos that were found alongside CSAM. I'm not
             | talking about evil government attacks surreptitiously
             | criminalizing your meme images in the US, I'm worried about
             | boring dystopia where over time the false positive rate is
             | much higher than anyone will admit and Apple employees are
             | reviewing tens of millions of false positive photos at
             | random from people's iPhones a year.
             | 
             | And a more direct dystopia outside the US where they have
             | already criminalized your memes. What stops China from
             | saying we have our own database of images objectionable to
             | the state that you must scan devices for?
        
               | brandon272 wrote:
               | This type of persistent, continuous, opaque scanning for
               | "objectional material" makes prior discussion about
               | whether law enforcement should have the ability to boot
               | into a criminal's phone seem almost quaint by comparison.
        
               | fay59 wrote:
               | I hope that there will be a transparency report for how
               | many reports happened and how many were found to be false
               | positives.
               | 
               | Regarding China, the answer is probably "nothing", but
               | the system as it exists is not amenable to what I imagine
               | their goals would be: only monitors the photo library
               | (not messages) and requires a certain threshold of
               | matches. The question is, I think, what today prevents
               | China from requiring devices to attempt to match a
               | database of pictures with a mandated match algorithm and
               | a mandated reporting server. I believe (admittedly
               | without any knowledge of the matter) that the same
               | standard would apply to both.
        
           | btown wrote:
           | > to make those other policy changes from the San Bernardino
           | case would require large investment from the company
           | employees and would be externally visible.
           | 
           | To that point - I generally think that engineers at
           | ostensibly-privacy-minded companies like Apple are competent,
           | well-intentioned, and good canaries. If I were to open
           | Twitter and see a lot of people "seeking new opportunities"
           | from Apple's security team and not able to give their
           | reasons? It's very possible that a backdoor was built
           | contrary to public statements, and they could not condone the
           | discrepancy.
           | 
           | But here, not only is the list of hashes editable with merely
           | a configuration change, but it is _fundamentally_ a list of
           | hashes that is designed to be secret and non-auditable and
           | supplied by a non-auditable supply chain. In fact, the
           | proponents of this program would argue  "don't give the Apple
           | engineers and product managers access to the hash list, nor
           | access to whether test images are matched by the hash list,
           | because it could be used for nefarious purposes if they
           | themselves are perpetrators."
           | 
           | So at any time a photograph commonly used to criticize a
           | regime or commemorate a specific event could be added to the
           | list, and there would be literally no way a well-intentioned
           | engineer even inside Apple could even know about it. This
           | isn't just a technology that could be applied with technical
           | effort to make a backdoor, it's a deployed backdoor that
           | opens up all our devices to supply chain attacks, plain and
           | simple. A state level actor would simply need to convince
           | someone at NCMEC to insert something into the un-auditable
           | hash list (whose source images are never to be looked at in
           | totality by design), then compromise any person or computer
           | in the law enforcement-side reporting pipeline to exfiltrate
           | the identity of anyone with the images in question. That's
           | absurdly dangerous.
        
             | fay59 wrote:
             | Matches aren't automatically reported to authorities. They
             | first go to Apple, and a match on an absurdly non-CSAM
             | picture will be noticed. If it passes through, it will be
             | reported as a tip to the NCMEC, which will also evaluate
             | the pictures; and only then can it be forwarded to the
             | government.
        
       | ajsnigrutin wrote:
       | > What happens when China announces its version of the NCMEC,
       | which not only includes the horrific imagery Apple's system is
       | meant to capture, but also images and memes the government deems
       | illegal?
       | 
       | This is the crucial part here. The means are there, apple can't
       | say it's impossible to do so, the implementation is simple, and
       | the consequences for individuals with winne-the-pooh photos are
       | horrible.
        
       | OzzyB wrote:
       | So in short:
       | 
       | Apple respected its Users' privacy and therefore only reported a
       | low number CSAM cases since it didn't monitor and scan anything.
       | 
       | Facebook, because it doesn't respect its Users' privacy, wants to
       | monitor and scan everything so it _has_ to report large numbers
       | of CSAM cases (in the millions).
       | 
       | It seems to me that the "number of CSAM cases" is a nice
       | (perverse?) corollary to how much a particular service respects
       | its Users privacy.
        
       | Geee wrote:
       | This is just really sad. Apple used to be the beacon of hope.
       | Maybe it was false hope all along.
       | 
       | We must go full FOSS from hardware to software to preserve
       | humanity. Everyone needs to get on board, not just the savvy
       | minority. That's the goal.
        
         | pm90 wrote:
         | I agree with you. Ultimately though, we can't rely on
         | Technology companies to make the right decisions. Businesses
         | exist to make profits, if there aren't regulations against
         | doing this someone was ultimately going to come up with a way
         | to do it. Even with regulations many corporations fail to be
         | compliant.
         | 
         | I feel like we almost need a "Constitution for the Digital
         | Age", which would eg guarantee privacy rights.
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | I never thought of Apple as a beacon of hope, but I was willing
         | to give them the benefit of the doubt that perhaps they could
         | succeed at giving non-technical people the majority of their
         | digital rights. Build systems that are secure from everybody-
         | but-Apple, use top-down control to police bad actors, and allow
         | privacy/security/freedom to flourish _within_ their walled
         | garden.
         | 
         | Sticking government spyware onto people's phones is a direct
         | repudiation of this philosophy. I'm not surprised this would
         | happen eventually, but I am surprised it has happened this
         | quickly. It has been what, a mere 5 years since the San
         | Bernardino affair? The authoritarian delusion is a strong siren
         | call, but I had expected it to result in ever more App Store
         | restrictions and perhaps a few breaks where the government
         | compelled signing trojan horse targeted updates - not a full
         | rejection of the very idea of user privacy by placing a
         | government agent in every phone.
         | 
         | With this development, Free Software is once again the only
         | option if you'd like to preserve your own digital rights. Its
         | story for mobile historically kind of sucks (Android with
         | varying amount of bad bits stripped out), but that is changing
         | with things like PinePhone. IMO inexpensive devices are a
         | necessity to get iterations into many people's hands, as
         | opposed to the waterfall-feeling model of OpenMoko (etc).
        
       | theonlybutlet wrote:
       | Has Apple or someone at Apple commented on the whole thing
       | following the outcry? Any chance of them reneging?
        
         | tummulfingur wrote:
         | Maybe not what you were looking for, but some FAQs[0] were
         | released by Apple today. I found them here [1].
         | 
         | [0] https://www.apple.com/child-
         | safety/pdf/Expanded_Protections_...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.macrumors.com/2021/08/09/apple-faq-csam-
         | detectio...
        
           | theonlybutlet wrote:
           | Thanks!
        
       | firecall wrote:
       | I was at an outdoor exhibition last week, and one of the staff
       | called me out and said "No Digital Photography Allowed... it says
       | so on your ticket"
       | 
       | Meanwhile, it feels like almost everyone is taking photos, videos
       | and live steaming the entire thing from high-end smartphones!
        
       | aeoleonn wrote:
       | When Bill Clinton, Bill Gates, Bill Richardson, many other
       | politicians and financial elites (the majority are still in the
       | shadows, not yet exposed to the public) have been jet setting
       | with decades-known child sexual abusers such as their good friend
       | Jeffrey Epstein, it really makes me question the ACTUAL motive.
       | 
       | Ruling elites do not care about CSAM-- many of them engage in it,
       | as part of unbeknownst or beknownst honey pot schemes, whereby
       | blackmail is gathered on them as collateral that they will follow
       | the political and financial dictates of their [ultimately] Qui
       | Intelligence handlers.
       | 
       | This is merely an excuse to exercise power. And why now? Because
       | you know qui are afraid that they've played their hand too
       | sloppily-- forbidden knowledge on their true colors has spread
       | too fast & they can't keep a lid on it-- and now populaces around
       | the world are rioting against their satanic organization.
        
         | cwkoss wrote:
         | What does Qui mean in this context?
        
           | aeoleonn wrote:
           | It's... code for a meme which is... representative of a tight
           | knit group... speaking any criticism against whom outlawed in
           | many countries. Hence I can't even say.
           | 
           | youtube search this: france qui interview
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | Well hot damn.
         | 
         | THIS is so FN important. Its disgusting that there are many
         | like yourself, and myself who have been aware of and been
         | talking about it for DECADES and we were ridiculed and called
         | "conspiracy theorists"
         | 
         | CSAM blackmail is the bread-and-butter of Dark Intelligence
         | Agencies.
         | 
         | As a victim of abuse myself, where I lived on a Commune in
         | Lafayette California in the 1970s, which was riddled with child
         | sexual abuse - i was told by my father on his death-bed that
         | the Commune (More University (The 'Purple People') was a
         | "destination" and people, including rich and celebrities came
         | there for "Experiences".
         | 
         | There was a write up about it in Penthouse Magazine in the 80s
         | - and it was known that the CIA played a role in putting Vic
         | Baranco in the position he was in as head of that cult.
         | 
         | My parents also knew Jim Jones when he was still in SF before
         | the mass suicide..
         | 
         | In talking with other kids from the commune, we found out just
         | how bad the abuse was, and the fact that the CIA was closely
         | monitoring it.
         | 
         | I was involved in a study to follow a bunch of the kids from
         | there , held by University of San Diego where they followed us
         | as we grew up and interviewed us every few years to see what
         | our life-path would turn out as based on our childhood
         | situations... (it was a lot of different kids from all sorts of
         | socio-eco backgrounds...)
         | 
         | This was also at the same time the Michael Aquino abuse was
         | happening to kids in the Presidio and other parts of San
         | Francisco...
         | 
         | Personally, I feel pedophilia should be a capital crime. and I
         | would have no issues exacting it on people who abuse small
         | children.
         | 
         | One girl from the commune, Maria, was turned into a prostitute
         | at the age of 4 years old by her father.
         | 
         | We got out in 1978....
        
         | kfprt wrote:
         | This is a perfect example of the hypocrisy involved with such
         | 'for the children' schemes. Elites are allowed to have massive
         | birthday parties whereas plebs are not allowed to gather,
         | elites are allowed to rape children while plebs are not.
        
       | cannabis_sam wrote:
       | The people who have written <<scientific papers>> on this
       | absolute insane garbage should be laughed out of every serious
       | conference on cryptography.
       | 
       | And the people pushing this behind the scenes know that the
       | majority of CSA happens in the home or with adults that the child
       | trusts, so if we are to be fine with reaching into everyones
       | private life, video surveillance in every kid's bedroom should be
       | far more effective than attacking the distribution of CSAM
       | alone...?
        
       | devwastaken wrote:
       | The decision shoots CSAM policing in the foot. Before, people
       | trusted their iphone, and when a phone was conphiscsted as apart
       | of an investigation orgs like the FBI had methods to break them
       | due to their singular popularity. Now, those with actual intent
       | to create and distribute are going to be far more cautious and
       | use more secure systems. The actual perpetrators of abuse slip
       | through the cracks once again while we pat ourselves on the back
       | that we maybe will catch a few idiots that only consume it.
       | 
       | Same happened with Fosta, same with the war on drugs. The actual
       | perpetrators don't get caught, the abuse continues, but the
       | metrics make it look good.
        
       | sharikone wrote:
       | I think HN readership is so used to live in the digital world
       | that many forgot we can live without internet as humans.
       | 
       | ANY connected digital media can become a 1984-style spying device
       | if you don't have full access to it or even if you have that but
       | you are not an experienced electrical engineer.
       | 
       | The only defensible platforms are nondigital media and airgapped
       | computing. I, for one, wouldn't shoot a nude with any digital
       | device nowadays. Only exception would be a camera that gets
       | connected only to airgapped computers.
       | 
       | But we are losing that too. In a short time we won't even be able
       | to pay for that Polaroid or to buy a Librephone without being
       | traced in some digital form.
       | 
       | We are losing all the battles but we need at least to prioritize.
       | The cloud is lost, connected devices are lost. We need at least
       | to keep cash payments, and to pressure the government to break up
       | digital monopolies.
       | 
       | I don't want to sound like desperate luddite but I really think
       | that warrants requirements are unenforceable in the digital world
       | and we really really need to keep important parts of our lives in
       | the analog one.
        
         | ccvannorman wrote:
         | >we can live without internet as humans.
         | 
         | Sorry, but I'm not going back to pre-internet days to
         | accomplish my life goals. You might as well tell people in 1900
         | that they could live just as well without electricity.
         | 
         | If you want to be a monk or Amish, sure. If you want to be a
         | normal human in pursuit of self-actualization and helping the
         | world, internet is a de-facto critical piece of your life.
        
         | npteljes wrote:
         | The internet I think is critical nowadays, and therefore I'd
         | like to see a part of it open, or having open alternatives.
         | Email, for one, is still in a fine place, considering the
         | myriad of proprietary and closed services.
         | 
         | It's technically true what you write, that we can live life
         | without the Internet. But we can live life in a million other
         | sucky ways too, and that doesn't mean that we should. I find it
         | arbitrary how people draw the line, and they are fun to argue,
         | but no amount of good reasons make the line not arbitrary.
         | Abuse has a long history and the older ways of living had their
         | share too.
        
         | fragmede wrote:
         | Technically speaking, yes, _any_ thing with firmware can be
         | corrupted. But I refuse to meekly accept that level of tech
         | nihilism because smartphones are an invaluable tool in this
         | modern era. I'm not going to stop having one, although the
         | vendor may change, because the important things in my life are
         | better stored as digital. Photos and videos of friends and
         | family who have since passed. Physical photos will be lost in a
         | fire but with cloud backups, they can be reprinted. Analog
         | works, until, realistically, it's impractical. The cloud isn't
         | lost yet. Don't give up. Please help us fight for it.
         | 
         | Donate to the EFF.
        
       | kevwil wrote:
       | If I could go out and buy a Google-free Android phone today, I
       | would. Now that I no longer trust Apple with privacy doesn't mean
       | I trust Google. Even less so, actually.
       | 
       | The alternative now is: no phone. Bye-bye Facebook and Instagram
       | and Twitter and Snapchat and Candy Crush, etc. The mobile app
       | market, and the advertising market, could fall apart if everyone
       | did the same. The economy would be significantly impacted.
       | 
       | What a huge mistake.
        
       | camillomiller wrote:
       | Apple was in a very bad damn if you do damn if you don't
       | situation.
       | 
       | Their CSAM reporting looked awful. They needed a solution. They
       | came up with something that's definitely more elegant and more
       | privacy-oriented than scanning all iCloud Photos.
       | 
       | They went for the more complicated solution, which incidentally
       | is one that less people will properly understand (or care about),
       | therefore limiting the size of the inevitable dent on their
       | privacy reputation.
       | 
       | I think they are also preventing the consequences of some
       | upcoming legislation in the US, UK and other parts of the world
       | to make CSAM scanning mandatory in the Cloud, which would carry
       | the risk of weakening Apple's privacy infrastructure even more.
       | 
       | So, if you're given the choice to go for a haute cuisine gourmet
       | sandwich with a side of shit salad, and a huge shit clam chowder,
       | what would you rather go for? In Cupertino they picked the
       | sandwich.
        
         | cblconfederate wrote:
         | > more privacy-oriented than scanning all iCloud Photos
         | 
         | But they ll be scanning all icloud photos
        
           | camillomiller wrote:
           | They don't. It's technically not a scan, but a hashing of all
           | content. It's a non trivial difference.
        
             | cblconfederate wrote:
             | is there any difference in effect?
        
               | lolsal wrote:
               | Scanning in this context implies understanding what is in
               | the image. Hashing doesn't. A hash of a tree only tells
               | apple "This is not a CSAM image", it doesn't say "there
               | is a tree in this image."
        
               | cblconfederate wrote:
               | ok i thought we were talking about "scanning for CSAM
               | images". I dont understand why we derailed to different
               | image identification techniques. The point is, whatever
               | apple is doing on the phone could be done exactly in
               | their icloud servers
        
               | rjakobsson wrote:
               | I believe the difference is that on device they can do it
               | prior to encrypting the image. On the cloud it is
               | encrypted.
        
         | klelatti wrote:
         | Why are they 'preventing' the upcoming legislation?
        
           | camillomiller wrote:
           | Sorry, bad phrasing. Clarified.
        
       | darwingr wrote:
       | The canary died for Apple when they made it clear to all that
       | they had developed a way to selectively bypass all device
       | firewalls.
        
       | jliptzin wrote:
       | 20 MILLION reports just from Facebook alone in one year?? I am
       | surprised there is no discussion of the sheer scale of the
       | problem. Will we need to build more prisons once this new system
       | is rolled out?
        
       | y04nn wrote:
       | The decision of Apple is bad for the simple fact that it assuming
       | that everybody is suspected to be guilty until you have been
       | scanned, inspected and proven clean. Until now you would have to
       | be under an investigation for your data to be
       | monitored/inspected. But now everybody is a suspect and has to be
       | under scrutiny, this is really bad and will lead to abuse of the
       | system in the future.
        
       | nbzso wrote:
       | These features are coming later this year in updates to iOS 15,
       | iPadOS 15, watchOS 8, and macOS Monterey.
       | 
       | The Elephant in the room is "this will be on Mac OS". So the fact
       | that the user cannot have root access to an Apple mobile device
       | is well established by now. But to have my desktop/laptop
       | computer do things on behalf of third party, whatever the
       | "logic", is total madness. This is not some SaaS app. When I buy
       | a car I expect that I am in control. When I buy a computer I care
       | about my control over my property.
       | 
       | What is this madness? Is due process and innocent until proven
       | guilty bed time stories now?
        
         | selsta wrote:
         | > Next, iOS and iPadOS will use new applications of
         | cryptography to help limit the spread of CSAM online, while
         | designing for user privacy. CSAM detection will help Apple
         | provide valuable information to law enforcement on collections
         | of CSAM in iCloud Photos.
         | 
         | The CSAM scanning is only getting added to iOS and iPadOS. If
         | it does getting added to Mac at some point it will be part of
         | Photos.app, not the general OS.
        
           | hosteur wrote:
           | No one knows. They could make it part of the os. They could
           | even hide the fact that it is there. Like the intel ME stuff.
           | I am switching to Linux for desktop.
        
         | zionic wrote:
         | To be honest, this entire episode is starting to radicalize me.
         | 
         | Everything stallman has said about proprietary software is
         | slowly coming true, and I must admit that now I'm reevaluating
         | a lot of the technology in my life.
        
       | ComputerGuru wrote:
       | I also want to add that anyone that says "you can just turn off
       | iCloud photos" can just see themselves out of the conversation.
       | Apple iPhones ship with such low free space after OS and apps and
       | they refuse to support SD cards (although it would be trivial for
       | someone with their resources to abstract away the UX problems)
       | and each photo is now 8+ MiB while videos quickly reach a GiB+
       | that users really have no choice - especially given how badly
       | iPhones double as mass storage USB devices to allow for manual
       | curation - but to enable iCloud photos.
        
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       (page generated 2021-08-09 23:00 UTC)