[HN Gopher] The Mighty Fallen: Argentina and the Great Depression
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Mighty Fallen: Argentina and the Great Depression
        
       Author : Thevet
       Score  : 27 points
       Date   : 2021-08-06 22:23 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.historytoday.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.historytoday.com)
        
       | erikw wrote:
       | I was hoping for an in depth historical treatment of Argentina's
       | fall from the club of wealthy nations, but this article feels
       | much more shallow. It's immediately clear that the author is
       | neither an economist nor sociologist, and I would hazard to say
       | has never lived in Argentina. While strictly true that the Macri
       | administration's "neoliberal toolkit" failed, I feel like the
       | article suggests that there is some inherent flaw in
       | neoliberalism, whereas in reality Argentina is uniquely
       | ungovernable. I'm reminded of the classic quote: "There are four
       | types of nations- wealthy, poor, Japan, and Argentina". There is
       | so much wealth in the county- you see these massive
       | infrastructure projects everywhere: huge hydroelectric dams,
       | well-constructed pristine highways in even the most remote parts
       | of the country, beautiful parks... but for the most part, these
       | projects are used to feed the corrupt state. The amount of
       | corruption and bureaucracy is difficult to grasp as an outsider.
       | I remember the first time I visited Chile by bus. At immigration
       | before we got off the bus, they made an announcement that we
       | should not try to bribe the Chilean police, as they wouldn't take
       | kindly to it. They couched it in terms of the police being too
       | proud to take a bribe, as though there were something abnormal
       | about that. This illustrates the key sociological problem to me-
       | beyond the normalization of bribery, there is a pervasive
       | bureaucracy used for resource extraction by the political class,
       | and I think it has too much momentum to end.
       | 
       | To return briefly to the economic side and why I think a bit of
       | neoliberalism would be a breath of fresh air, I'm reminded of
       | when the government banned beef exports. They wanted to lower the
       | price of beef, and thought they could do this by banning exports.
       | I don't think it's uncharitable to say that any moron could
       | predict how this would play out with a bit of thinking. Ranchers
       | stopped raising unprofitable cattle, switched to soy (which the
       | government then also raised export tariffs on) and other crops.
       | Argentina is rife with this type of economic magical thinking,
       | not just in the political elite, but in the popular classes they
       | pander to. Argentina has been poor since the advent of Peronism,
       | and yet the average person- perhaps like how a fish might not be
       | aware of what "water" is- continues to support the same policies
       | that continue not working 80 years later.
       | 
       | In summary, I think that the author should take a more in depth
       | look at the sociological and economic currents that make
       | Argentina such a unique case of a poor country that by every
       | right should be wealthy.
       | 
       | Edit: I feel like the above comes off as too negative, so I want
       | to add that Argentina is a great place to live, especially if you
       | are a person of means, and not tied to the Argentine Peso. There
       | are a lot of world class software developers in Buenos Aires, and
       | apparently Argentina is one of the top spots to buy 0day
       | exploits. The culture, food, weather (you can choose anywhere
       | from arctic to tropical depending on your preferences) are all
       | perfect for me- I just can't stand the bureaucracy and
       | corruption.
        
         | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
         | > Argentina has been poor since the advent of Peronism, and yet
         | the average person- perhaps like how a fish might not be aware
         | of what "water" is- continues to support the same policies that
         | continue not working 80 years later.
         | 
         | Much has been written on this very topic. Compelling logic,
         | written by very smart people. Yet, it has become impossible to
         | talk about. Such intellectual waste.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | I'm from a much poorer country (Bangladesh) but I see the same
         | thing. We squander a large fraction of what little we have to
         | this sort of corruption.
        
         | is_true wrote:
         | The government banned beef export again a month ago. It didn't
         | work before, but this time...this time it won't either
        
       | mothsonasloth wrote:
       | I think the article was being disingenuous juxtapositioning that
       | the president had the sputnik vaccine, then mentioning they got
       | coronavirus.
       | 
       | I'm sure the decision to use sputnik or moderna, Johnson etc. is
       | not deterministic in getting COVID-19
        
       | mgh2 wrote:
       | Two factors: Religion/culture and corruption
       | 
       | https://m-g-h.medium.com/in-data-we-trust-2978dacc8c22
       | 
       | PS: I grew up there
        
       | telesilla wrote:
       | I visited around 10 years ago and found it to be a truly
       | interesting country, though indeed mired in recent controversy
       | and historical bloodshed and all the political to-and-fro
       | discussed in the article, but also full of delights and
       | fascinating people and strong cultural elements (grilled meat!
       | Late night dancing!), a clear cross between old Europe and the
       | new world, more than any other perhaps. My anecdote on the
       | finance system: the local street market had signs posted by the
       | local government that mandated prices-in order to curb inflation.
       | That was a first for me, seeing vendors unable to set their own
       | prices.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | There's something sick about their economy. Quite a few
         | economic dynamos emerged from the legacy of bloodshed and
         | dictatorships. Argentina has natural resources. It has
         | institutions. But perhaps it lacks vision and the will to carry
         | out that vision.
        
           | ericol wrote:
           | We have a very crooked political caste. I'm giving this as an
           | example; I don't want to get into a political discussion. But
           | in the last government alone, we received around 50 billion
           | dollars from the FMI also alone, that was entirely
           | dilapidated.
        
             | is_true wrote:
             | Do you have a source on that? Most of the money was used to
             | pay the debt from Kirchner's government
        
         | ericol wrote:
         | > local street market had signs posted by the local government
         | that mandated prices-in order to curb inflation. That was a
         | first for me, seeing vendors unable to set their own prices
         | 
         | I'm sorry, could you be more specific about what it is what you
         | saw?
         | 
         | There are no "government mandated prices" in this country, at
         | least not like you make it sound(Apologies upfront if I miss
         | understood you).
         | 
         | There is a government program where all big market have to
         | carry products where their price is fixed by the government.
         | The idea is that you can always have the chance to go for a
         | cheap product if you are poor, but it's not for instance that
         | all milk brands have to have the same price.
         | 
         | And milk can get pretty expensive pretty fast in this country:
         | It always come in 1 litre recipients, and the cheapest one (The
         | one that is within the mentioned program) is right now at ~70
         | pesos (Some 73 dollar cents at the official dollar price, 40
         | cents at the current rate for the dollar in the back market...
         | but foreigners can hardly get this price for their dollars).
         | 
         | I don't know what the prices are in other countries, but I
         | think tourists will find prices rather high compared to their
         | countries once tourism starts again.
        
           | telesilla wrote:
           | Yes, it was an outdoor farmer type market in a suburb of
           | Buenos Aires, there were signs saying for example, butter
           | costs 10 pesos a kilo(or whatever, sorry I can't recall the
           | values). Maybe I misunderstood but it seemed to be a notice
           | that the consumer shouldn't pay higher than that price, to
           | keep inflation controlled. It was not a tourist market at
           | all, everything in espanol.
        
           | eafer wrote:
           | > And milk can get pretty expensive pretty fast in this
           | country: It always come in 1 litre recipients, and the
           | cheapest one (The one that is within the mentioned program)
           | is right now at ~70 pesos (Some 73 dollar cents at the
           | official dollar price, 40 cents at the current rate for the
           | dollar in the back market... but foreigners can hardly get
           | this price for their dollars).
           | 
           | That's actually extremely cheap by international standards,
           | if this source[0] is to be trusted. Of course it seems
           | expensive for most argentinians because wages are also
           | terribly low.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-
           | living/country_price_rankings...
        
       | rayiner wrote:
       | As someone who comes from a very poor country, I feel like
       | academics don't do enough to help understand why some countries
       | succeed and why some don't. They blame "colonialism" or some such
       | thing, but that doesn't explain this. Argentina was rich in the
       | early 20th century:
       | 
       | > Something has gone awry in what was the most successful of all
       | the 19th-century liberal republics in Spanish America. In the
       | early 20th century, Argentina's per capita GDP ranked among the
       | world's top ten, on a par with Australia and Canada and ahead of
       | France and Italy.
       | 
       | What explains the coups and political instability? If the GDP is
       | the same, why is the government of Canada and Australia so much
       | more stable than Argentina? This seems to be one of the biggest
       | things holding back Latin America, but there seems to be no
       | effort to understand what's causing it.
        
         | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
         | > I feel like academics don't do enough to help understand why
         | some countries succeed and why some don't
         | 
         | What have you read so far? Did you do any research? The field
         | of philosophy and political science does not lack publications.
         | 
         | I can recommend "The Rise and Decline of Nations" by Mancur
         | Olson. Further authors which I still have to go through, but
         | seem relevant:                   Theodore Dalrymple
         | Rene Girard         Roger Scruton         James Burnham
        
           | whoaisme wrote:
           | LOl you're the guy being a dick about how in depth the field
           | of fantasy novels is then your personal recommendation is
           | Harry Potter. Why not become a snooty sommelier and recommend
           | stella rosa while you're at it. Then you recommend writers
           | you haven't read because get real if you're gonna actually
           | read stuff before you talk about how much research there is
           | hahaha
        
       | gus_massa wrote:
       | > _Speculators amass basic necessities and grocery stores were as
       | empty if not emptier in December 2019 than any supermarkets in
       | the UK at the height of the pandemic._
       | 
       | I don't remember that.
        
         | ericol wrote:
         | Me neither.
        
         | kragen wrote:
         | Yeah, I don't remember supermarkets here in Argentina being
         | particularly empty in December 02019. On the other hand, it's
         | hardly unusual for supermarkets here to have a noticeable
         | amount of empty shelf space, especially Chinese supermarkets
         | off main streets on Sundays; maybe in the UK that's what they
         | looked like at the height of the pandemic?
         | 
         | I don't remember bars in Palermo being full of English-speakers
         | at the time, either, just the occasional group.
         | 
         | Overall, though, I feel like the article is mostly accurate.
        
       | scythe wrote:
       | >Argentina did not pledge allegiance to the US in the Second
       | World War and was officially neutral.
       | 
       | This is a _weird_ way to put it. The US entered WW2 after more
       | than two years of fighting. Did Stalin  "pledge allegiance to the
       | US"?
        
         | kragen wrote:
         | Vice versa, if anything, since Stalin was already fighting the
         | Germans.
        
       | bishoprook2 wrote:
       | wow, does that article not deliver on the title.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-08-07 23:00 UTC)