[HN Gopher] Japan pitches 'Society 5.0' to keep its edge in tech...
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       Japan pitches 'Society 5.0' to keep its edge in tech and science
        
       Author : okareaman
       Score  : 164 points
       Date   : 2021-07-26 14:25 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (asia.nikkei.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (asia.nikkei.com)
        
       | Iwan-Zotow wrote:
       | Without birth grows or immigration issue resolved there would be
       | no edge
        
       | AlbertCory wrote:
       | "Japan getting an edge with future technology!" When have I heard
       | that before?
       | 
       | Oh, yeah, it was 1983:
       | 
       | https://www.amazon.com/Fifth-Generation-Artificial-Intellige...?
        
       | debarshri wrote:
       | Is the Society 5.0 also funded by vision fund?
        
       | throwaway284534 wrote:
       | That's all well and good but IMO this isn't inspiring any
       | confidence. Japanese companies make some incredible tech that
       | never finds its way off the showroom floor. And worse, There's
       | little interest in marketing their technologies to foreign firms.
       | 
       | I wish there was more in this plan to attract foreign talent, and
       | offer easier access to investment for individual entrepreneurs.
        
         | _edd wrote:
         | I've had the opposite experience with one of the largest ISPs
         | in Japan. We were supposed to have a lucrative deal between
         | both companies but our side fucked up. Instead of a polished
         | working product, it didn't pass basic tests by their engineers.
         | Nonetheless, we were given a few opportunities to remedy the
         | problem.
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | I sure do love my Ryobi tools. They have a hobby-user
         | engineering and price point, and features for people who are
         | bad with tools, like myself. Some plastic makes it light /
         | cheap. Brushed motors because of the lighter workload. Plenty
         | of guide lights that you don't find on Dewalt. Half the price.
         | 
         | Hell, the Toyota Tundra is one of the best loved pickups
         | around. It feels like a Ryobi pickup: For the light workload,
         | probably urban, non-career-hauler.
        
           | coopsmoss wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure Ryobi just licenses their name, and the tools
           | are designed/made by Hong Kong's Techtronics. I don't think
           | you can even buy Ryobi tools in Japan.
        
         | keewee7 wrote:
         | >Japanese companies make some incredible tech that never finds
         | its way off the showroom floor
         | 
         | Japanese tech does find its way into industrial robotics and
         | CNC.
        
         | redis_mlc wrote:
         | 1) Japan doesn't want foreigners.
         | 
         | 2) Their central bank owns everything, hence their stock market
         | is frozen.
        
         | warent wrote:
         | Agreed. From my perspective, the Japanese are so hostile to
         | foreigners/immigrants that it's borderline xenophobia. I'm not
         | seeing a way forward for them as a technological power again
         | until they first address some of their social issues. It's like
         | someone wanting to become a marathon runner while refusing to
         | quit smoking cigarettes.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | tjpnz wrote:
           | >the Japanese are so hostile to foreigners/immigrants that
           | it's borderline xenophobia.
           | 
           | That's not been my experience over the previous six years
           | I've lived here. Initially I had a company sponsor me for a
           | work visa but I've now got two relatively straightforward
           | paths towards PR if I want it. Locals have been very
           | accommodating and have bent over backwards to help me
           | integrate into this society - that even includes the older
           | generations.
        
             | alephnan wrote:
             | > that even includes the older generations.
             | 
             | I've personally found the older people to be the most
             | friendly. That was one of the biggest surprises. Not sure
             | how much of that is older people just being happier in
             | general. This could totally be biased as the older people I
             | interact with are either in a service role, or a wealthier
             | traveler, which may be more friendly than the general
             | population.
             | 
             | It's refreshing to see other foreigners not feel bitter
             | about Japan. The subreddit of foreigners in Japan feels
             | like a cesspool of people with this dogmatic view that
             | Japan isn't like their home country
        
               | spike021 wrote:
               | It's been a mix for me. One time I accidentally lost my
               | paper ticket for the metro before I had gotten a Suica,
               | and an older gentleman hanging out with friends near the
               | ticket gates went and bought a new ticket outside for me
               | to put into the reader so it'd let me out.
               | 
               | On the other hand, I've met a plethora of young people
               | who've become friends I meet and stay in touch with.
        
               | alephnan wrote:
               | You can be friends with old people too :p
        
               | spike021 wrote:
               | Heh, fair enough! Can't say that opportunity has quite
               | presented itself yet but one of these days I'm sure it'll
               | happen.
               | 
               | Honestly the funniest experience I had with culture clash
               | was one day at a hotel I stayed at in Takasaki. I got in
               | an elevator occupied by a young family. As soon as I
               | walked in, the little girl, maybe 6 or 7 years old, just
               | dropped her mouth open, completely gaping at me the whole
               | time we rode the elevator.
               | 
               | Probably not too surprising, assuming they're from Gunma
               | or a similar prefecture that doesn't see as many
               | foreigners.
        
               | tjpnz wrote:
               | >Not sure how much of that is older people just being
               | happier in general.
               | 
               | That's the vibe I've been getting which did come as a
               | surprise. I think the movies I watched (both Hollywood
               | and Japanese) do a disservice to them - especially the
               | ojiisan's.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | runawaybottle wrote:
           | So, what are you saying, Japanese over abstract their
           | society? That sounds about right actually.
           | 
           | You'll never beat the pragmatism of Americans.
        
           | neither_color wrote:
           | Compared to what other Asian technological power? Japan at
           | least has a pathway to citizenship for foreigners, China does
           | not. In China if you're Elon Musk you might get an offer of
           | permanent residence or if you're well-connected to the party,
           | but regardless they are not a nation of immigrants(their
           | words, not mine) and they're doing fine.
        
             | robjan wrote:
             | It's not impossible for a foreigner to become a Chinese
             | citizen but for most people it's not particularly
             | attractive because you have to renounce your original
             | citizenship. Since the passport isn't particularly strong
             | at the moment that would mean you most likely need to go
             | through an annoying visa process just to visit your home
             | country.
        
             | grillvogel wrote:
             | >Japan at least has a pathway to citizenship for foreigners
             | 
             | pretty sure that is not true, unless you are of japanese
             | descent. you can get permanent residency but not
             | citizenship
        
           | alephnan wrote:
           | > I'm not seeing a way forward for them as a technological
           | power again until they first address some of their social
           | issues
           | 
           | Japan closed its borders for a period of 214 years known as
           | Sakoku Suo Guo .
           | 
           | The collapse of the Shogunate was because Samurais lived off
           | tax revenue on farmers, while the wealthy merchants ( who
           | were the the lowest in the class system) were not directly
           | taxed because commerce was viewed as an immoral activity.
           | 
           | After World War II, Japan became insular and focused on
           | improving domestically, and almost became _the_ superpower.
           | 
           | I don't think they care about being the financial superpower
           | if it means having to give up the very thing which makes them
           | great ( tradition ). It's a very American ideal / virtue to
           | treat financial wealth as the ultimate goal ( ironically not
           | necessarily the highest standard of living ). Modern China on
           | the hand is more willing to import ideas. That said, during
           | the Meiji restoration where Japan rapidly industrialized, one
           | of the mottos was 'western technology, Japanese spirit'.
           | Covid-19 has barred out foreigners which means less tourist
           | revenue, but my impression is that tourist revenue was a
           | 'nice to have' since they're here anyways. Only a small
           | minority of business owners in Kyoto have indicated to me
           | they actively want tourists back.
           | 
           | Japan's preservation of its tradition and culture is two
           | faceted. Unfortunately, you can't pick and choose the things
           | you think is backwards about Japan while admiring their
           | tradition. It's a bundle.
        
             | neither_color wrote:
             | It's important to note that part of what contributed to
             | Sakoku was overzealous missionaries destabilizing Japanese
             | society. Makes you wonder if there is a modern equivalent
             | overzealous belief system in the west that has caused
             | country after country to to fall into revolution and
             | disarray.
             | 
             |  _Christianity and the two colonial powers it was most
             | strongly associated with were seen as genuine threats by
             | the Tokugawa bakuf... Religious challenges to central
             | authority were taken seriously by the bakufu as
             | ecclesiastical challenges by armed Buddhist monks were
             | common during the sengoku period. The Empress Meisho
             | (1624-96) also had grave doubts when she heard about how
             | the Spanish and Portuguese were settling in the New World,
             | and thought that Japan would soon become one of the many
             | countries in their possession.
             | 
             | Protestant English and Dutch traders reinforced this
             | perception by accusing the Spanish and Portuguese
             | missionaries of spreading the religion systematically, as
             | part of a claimed policy of culturally dominating and
             | colonizing Asian countries. The Dutch and English were
             | generally seen by the Japanese to be able to separate
             | religion and trade, while their Iberian counterparts were
             | looked upon with much suspicion. The Dutch, eager to take
             | over trade from the Spanish and Portuguese, had no problems
             | reinforcing this view. The number of Christians in Japan
             | had been steadily rising due to the efforts of
             | missionaries, such as Francis Xavier and daimyo converts.
             | The direct trigger which is said to have spurred the
             | imposition of sakoku was the Shimabara Rebellion of
             | 1637-38, an uprising of 40,000 mostly Christian peasants. _
        
               | legutierr wrote:
               | > Makes you wonder if there is a modern equivalent
               | overzealous belief system in the west that has caused
               | country after country to to fall into revolution and
               | disarray.
               | 
               | Communism?
        
               | alephnan wrote:
               | > Makes you wonder if there is a modern equivalent
               | overzealous belief system in the west that has caused
               | country after country to to fall into revolution and
               | disarray.
               | 
               | This is quite a profound point. Thank you!
        
           | maccolgan wrote:
           | I don't think it's reasonable to look at every country's
           | society and demand a US-style society
        
             | deltaonefour wrote:
             | It's hard for people in the US to completely respect this.
             | Just look at US attitudes towards China. From our
             | perspective some of the things China does are Atrocious,
             | but from the Chinese perspective it's just normal
             | enforcement of rules from a central regime for the
             | betterment of society.
             | 
             | Essentially US cultural standards mark certain behaviors as
             | horrible in the same way Muslim countries think women
             | wearing a bikini is a crime. Very hard to change the way we
             | think and arguably maybe we shouldn't change the way we
             | think.
        
             | alephnan wrote:
             | Yesterday I learned about the case of Michael P. Fay that
             | left a strain on US-Singapore relations.
             | 
             | Michael Fay was an American who was sentenced to caning by
             | the Singaporean court. The United States felt this practice
             | archaic. One of Singapore's senior ministers responded: "If
             | you like it this way, that is your problem. But, that is
             | not the path we choose"
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | FWIW, I remember this case well when it was in the news,
               | and saying it "left a strain on US-Singapore relations"
               | is a bit of a stretch.
               | 
               | Most importantly, there were _plenty_ of Americans, I 'd
               | bet a majority, that agreed with Singapore. Not
               | necessarily that we want caning in the US, but more that
               | this boy didn't deserve any special treatment just
               | because he was American.
               | 
               | To me it felt like the media (and, in fairness, the boy's
               | parents) were really trying to play this up because it
               | had the elements of a good story.
        
               | xxpor wrote:
               | It's kind of silly considering it was the British that
               | introduced the practice in the first place. It's not like
               | it's some ancient tradition.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | The entire world feels that the imperial system is
               | archaic, isn't going to change anything in the U.S.
        
           | jvanderbot wrote:
           | A native-Japanese-turned-US-citizen colleague once told me
           | that career advancement is slow, because you pay dues with
           | time, not accomplishments. Also, family matters in business.
           | So, if we apply that one bit of knowledge I have, I can
           | imagine newcomers from overseas are not pushed against
           | because they are from another country, they might just chafe
           | the traditions. Culture clash.
           | 
           | He works in the US for that reason.
        
           | spike021 wrote:
           | >the Japanese are so hostile to foreigners/immigrants that
           | it's borderline xenophobia
           | 
           | Have you ever actually visited Japan?
           | 
           | If so, how do you usually behave?
           | 
           | I'm white and haven't really had a single negative
           | experience. I've also made several friends who are incredibly
           | friendly, keep in touch, etc.
           | 
           | When I've been lost, random Japanese citizens, not even
           | government officials, have helped me find my way, even taking
           | me over a block away from where they were to make sure I
           | found what I was looking for.
           | 
           | Occasionally there are glances and stares but I'd definitely
           | not classify that as "hostile".
        
             | blinzy wrote:
             | Not the person you replied to but I've been to Japan twice,
             | with different people, each for a month across
             | Honshu/Kyushu and can definitely say there's a duality in
             | how they behave towards foreigners...
             | 
             | On one hand, as you mention, we experienced lots of acts of
             | politeness, as I would put it, e.g., being helped to find
             | some location as in your example, being helped to
             | understand some menu dishes when I couldn't decipher them
             | (I had at most intermediate level of Japanese), being bowed
             | to upon entering hotels, ryokans, etc.
             | 
             | On the other hand, we also experienced straight up nasty
             | behaviour, e.g., someone standing up and leaving the train
             | wagon when we sat next to him (and then reentering through
             | the next door and sitting far away from us), being
             | forbidden from entering a bar because of being foreigners
             | (despite the fact I can speak Japanese, not great
             | admittedly, but more than sufficient to order, pay, etc.).
             | 
             | When talking with people from my country settled there the
             | common negative theme is "you'll never be accepted/treated
             | as one of them".
        
               | spike021 wrote:
               | >On the other hand, we also experienced straight up nasty
               | behaviour, e.g., someone standing up and leaving the
               | train wagon when we sat next to him (and then reentering
               | through the next door and sitting far away from us),
               | being forbidden from entering a bar because of being
               | foreigners (despite the fact I can speak Japanese, not
               | great admittedly, but more than sufficient to order, pay,
               | etc.).
               | 
               | Sure, I observed some of these things and didn't always
               | feel comfortable about it. But I wouldn't consider them
               | hostile. The way I was told, some of the things about
               | bars not allowing foreigners is more that they get booked
               | for post-work drinking parties. Maybe that's not always
               | the real explanation, but I realized it wasn't a big
               | deal. If you're in a large city like Tokyo, Sapporo, or
               | Kyoto, there are bars and restaurants everywhere, just
               | move on to the next one.
               | 
               | As far as people coming and going out of trains or not
               | sitting next to you, yeah, I had that happen. But I'd be
               | lying if I said I've never observed or even done the same
               | thing here in the US.
        
               | blinzy wrote:
               | The train situation is not "we were sat down --> he
               | entered the train --> he decided not to sit down next to
               | us and sat elsewhere", but "he was sat down --> we
               | entered the train and sat close to him (not literally
               | next to him, just close) --> he stood up, exited the
               | train through the closest door, entered the train again
               | through a different door and sat further away from us"
               | which is a WTF situation in my opinion.
               | 
               | The bar banning foreigners is not just hostile but also
               | illegal in many other countries, if you try that shit in
               | the UK, Germany, or Spain (I can speak from experience
               | having lived there, but I guess it wouldn't fly in the US
               | either?) they'll shut down your venue and possibly fine
               | you.
        
               | spike021 wrote:
               | But that's not a hostile situation. He didn't engage you
               | at all.
               | 
               | He felt uncomfortable and moved away. Maybe over-
               | dramatically, but it didn't cause you or anyone else,
               | including himself, any harm. Again, I encountered this
               | behavior too. It made me feel uncomfortable, but it was
               | understandable. Some people just don't feel comfortable.
               | Honestly I'd rather someone do something to feel more
               | comfortable than let me invade their space and bother
               | them.
               | 
               | Not sure on the rules in the US, but bars and restaurants
               | can certainly restrict people from entering for various
               | reasons.
        
               | blinzy wrote:
               | I believe we are interpreting hostile differently because
               | for me it doesn't necessarily imply actively antagonistic
               | or harmful, it can simply mean inhospitable/unfriendly
               | and that to me is a textbook situation.
               | 
               | Here there are also situations where they can refuse
               | entry/service, e.g., you're not wearing tshirt and shoes,
               | or you're drunk and belligerent, but certainly not
               | because of your race, sex, gender, etc.
               | 
               | In any case, to avoid going back and forth on the same
               | topic, I reiterate that my personal experience (and my 2
               | friends from the first trip, and my partner from the
               | second) was that although we had wonderful experiences
               | with Japanese people that made us feel generally welcome
               | as tourists, we were left with the impression that if we
               | already had issues like those I wrote about what other
               | problems someone living there permanently could encounter
               | (maybe problems when renting, dating, etc.)
               | 
               | I loved visiting Japan, it's the most unique/different of
               | all countries I've been to, but the bittersweet taste it
               | left in me took away any desire to look for jobs there
               | when I left Germany (not my country of origin either).
        
           | blacktriangle wrote:
           | You say that as if both the US and Europe aren't having some
           | pretty massive downsides from their immigration policies.
        
             | rejectedandsad wrote:
             | The US is notably the most immigrant-friendly country in
             | the world*, and has been since 1965. Birthright citizenship
             | is unheard of in most of the world, but it's a
             | constitutional right in America. Even skilled workers have
             | a fair shot in America, but I do personally think it should
             | be easier and more flexible than the H1B system we have
             | today. More immigrants of all kinds are good for this
             | country.
             | 
             | *recent president notwithstanding
        
               | Rd6n6 wrote:
               | I know somebody who was highly skilled who spent years
               | trying to get permanent residency in the USA, but gave
               | up, moved to Canada, and got it almost immediately.
        
               | FalconSensei wrote:
               | I know people who spend a few years working remotely for
               | a US company while 'waiting their turn' to be able to
               | actually go to US.
               | 
               | Meanwhile I got invited to apply for a provincial process
               | (Canada) while still living in Brazil, and both processes
               | (provincial nomination + permanent residency) were easy,
               | transparent, and I guess quick?
        
               | dukeyukey wrote:
               | > Birthright citizenship is unheard of in most of the
               | world
               | 
               | Well, unless you're almost anywhere in the New World [1].
               | 
               | > The US is notably the most immigrant-friendly country
               | in the world
               | 
               | I wouldn't necessarily disagree, but countries like
               | Canada and Australia give the US a run for their money.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jus_soli#/media/File:Ju
               | s_soli_...
        
               | rejectedandsad wrote:
               | You're correct, I do think Canada is going to continue to
               | be a major competitor in this regard. They do have a lot
               | of our advantages here with a more skills-focused
               | immigration policy.
        
               | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
               | > More immigrants of all kinds are good for this country.
               | 
               | The way a discussion works is you are supporting
               | something like the above sentence with arguments.
        
             | dsr_ wrote:
             | Yes, the US needs to treat immigration as though it were
             | the lifeblood of the country... which it has been for most
             | of its existence.
        
             | keewee7 wrote:
             | There is a difference between skilled and unskilled
             | immigration.
             | 
             | There is little opposition to skilled (or educated)
             | immigration in Europe.
        
           | falsaberN1 wrote:
           | My experience, and that of my colleagues, has been the
           | opposite, and I'm a walking mess of a man when not at work. I
           | have made very high quality friendships with Japanese people
           | and the average Joe isn't any more racist than people in the
           | US, I'd dare say they are a lot less racist than people was
           | in Spain. They dislike illegal immigrants like most countries
           | do, and tourists that think Japan is like an anime and they
           | can go around groping waitresses or making a spectacle in the
           | middle of busy crossroads. Anything else you can think of is
           | nothing the general populace partakes into, blame who you
           | need to blame. It's like saying every Chinese person is in
           | line with the CPP's interests, that's nonsense.
           | 
           | I never understood why Japan of all places is so demonized
           | online. It's far, FAR from a perfect country, but most people
           | just do their non-outrageous, boring life things. There are
           | no used panties vending machines littering the streets, not
           | everyone is obsessed with cute things, there are no child
           | wives everywhere and there are no game shows where guys fuck
           | their female relatives. With every other country there are at
           | least people calling this stuff out, but when it's Japan
           | everyone just accepts the fabricated or misunderstood article
           | at face value and goes "oh Japan you are so wacky/xenophobic"
           | or even "Two nukes weren't enough" (I swear this comes up
           | more often than it's comfortable, I'm not making this up).
           | 
           | If anything I get the impression that people is _very racist
           | against Japan_.
        
             | Barrin92 wrote:
             | I've worked in Asia and I know quite a few foreigners who
             | worked in Japan and the country is still very xenophobic.
             | It is still common for say, landlords to flatout not rent
             | out to foreigners. I've heard numbers like 20%-30% thrown
             | around. There's also still "Japanese only" bars, sometimes
             | with that literal sign on the door. You'd be very hard
             | pressed to find that attitude even among very nativist
             | Europeans or Americans.
             | 
             | Japan also still virtually has no legal protection against
             | this kind of stuff, discrimination of that type is often
             | not being prevented.
             | 
             | That said a lot of the younger Japanese don't share these
             | attitudes. Large cities are more diverse than they were 20
             | years ago.
        
               | falsaberN1 wrote:
               | I don't know, I was very foreigner and I stick out like a
               | sore thumb (you could probably spot me from satellite
               | photos in a busy street), and I had absolutely no issues
               | finding rent, banking and all other services outside of
               | obtuse language. Other English speakers I met around
               | never had issues with it either, including other Asians
               | and even people of color (who you'd think would be
               | affected a lot, but Japan's actual racism is very
               | targeted to their neighbors, not unlike everywhere else
               | I've been at).
               | 
               | It seems to me nobody has any problem with you if you
               | make a minimal attempt at speaking using Japanese (most
               | of them don't understand English at all and that puts
               | them "on the spot", and while you can find some who are
               | adept at Spanish and Italian and other languages you'd
               | never expect, by raw statistics you aren't going to meet
               | one of those in the streets if you are asking for
               | directions or something). They seem to be pretty
               | reasonable about it if you suck or make mistakes, but
               | they seem to really value the effort.
               | 
               | About the bars, I never pried too much, but I was told it
               | was Yakuza hangouts and I probably don't want to go in
               | there anyway. I don't think locals are welcomed either.
               | Not sure if they were messing with me or not, but to be
               | honest they didn't look like a place I would have fun
               | into if I was magically accepted. None of the actually
               | fun places seemed to have an issue having me or my
               | colleagues as patrons.
               | 
               | I have far more people checking me out while shopping
               | like if I was a shoplifter, giving me weird looks,
               | troubling me with paperwork and rent, trying to charge me
               | more in restaurants or shops, and generally making me
               | feel unwelcomed when I am in Spain. And I was born there!
               | (I did lose the accent and I don't look very "typical" so
               | they think I'm British or American).
        
       | ogogmad wrote:
       | This article suggests that the reason Japan fell behind in
       | personal computing, and over-focused on appliance-oriented
       | computing, is because of its writing system:
       | https://blog.gatunka.com/2008/05/05/why-japan-didnt-create-t...
       | 
       | They use the fax machine over there a lot more than we do because
       | of this.
        
         | distribot wrote:
         | Are there any books kinda in this vein?
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | BurritoAlPastor wrote:
       | What were the previous major versions? Heian period, Tokugawa
       | shogunate, Meiji restoration, and postwar/Economic Miracle era?
        
       | desine wrote:
       | They named it "Society 5.0" but they don't address the issues of
       | their society that will actually cause problems keeping up. Their
       | technological prowess is already well established, and does not
       | need much boost. However, Japan's got a few social issues that
       | will hold it back - particularly the work hours requirements, and
       | related to that, it's low birth rates.
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | Reminds me of Japan's "Fifth Generation" initiative/boondoggle
       | back in the 80s.
       | 
       | Apart from the sheer technical limitations of the age, it fell
       | prey to structural limitations. For example I remember when
       | visiting I talked with some programmers. Even there, the
       | developers sat in rows of desks with the manager perpendicular at
       | the end. I asked one why it was like working there and he said
       | "It's good, I only have to share my terminal with one person"
       | (The terminals of course connected to a KL-20, so they had almost
       | the state of the art equipment). So different from my office in
       | the US where I had a lispm.
       | 
       | 10 years later SCEI and Nintendo had a more relaxed, "US style"
       | office, but the rest of the industry hadn't caught up.
       | 
       | Today though Japan has a demographic need for a big move forward.
       | I wonder if they will pull it off?
        
         | adamc wrote:
         | Do we have any examples where such an initiative, starting at
         | the government level, has worked?
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | In the USA: WPA, Atomic bomb, Moon landing, and most
           | successfully development of the Military Industrial Complex,
           | exultation of the military (integration into Hollywood,
           | professional sports etc) coupled with the forever war system
           | to channel taxpayer funds to friends in a way that cannot be
           | unwound. It's hard to understand the public attitude towards
           | the US military 1780s-1960s if you only know the 180deg
           | position from the mid 1980s onward.
           | 
           | Great Leap Forward? Electrification of the Soviet Union?
           | Elimination of the smallpox virus?
           | 
           | Arguably the Cultural Revolution and, to a lesser extent the
           | restructuring of German culture in the 1930s were extremely
           | "successful" in that they accomplished their putative goals,
           | and also had led to long term changes in those societies,
           | though fortunately not the long term changes intended by
           | their instigators.
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | Japan could make it easier and more social acceptable for
         | married women to work, but I know of no country that has been
         | able to get its citizens to have more children, once they have
         | been reduced (on the contrary, it seems the world over women
         | are having fewer children in just about every country, as the
         | economy of that country becomes more prosperous).
         | 
         | And of course any child not born, is also a child that does not
         | grow up to have children.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | I hear the Czech Republic is back above replacement.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > on the contrary, it seems the world over women are having
           | fewer children in just about every country, as the economy of
           | that country becomes more prosperous
           | 
           | That observation seems to be generally correct:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_and_fertility
           | 
           | An aspect that is missing from the Wikipedia article however
           | is _being able to afford_ moving out or having children - a
           | problem that is really prevalent in the poorer EU countries
           | (see e.g. https://www.handelszeitung.ch/panorama/hotel-mama-
           | warum-jung...). When lots of young people are
           | unemployed/underemployed and rents astronomical, they have to
           | stay at their parents' home for very long time (in Croatia,
           | average is 32 years). Hard to procreate when you don't have
           | your own space and privacy to have sex in, and even harder to
           | raise children in such conditions.
           | 
           | Many Western countries seem to have adopted immigration as a
           | band-aid fix against employment vacancy (Germany recruits its
           | healthcare staff from countries as far away as the
           | Philippines ffs), but exploiting migrants isn't sustainable
           | in the long term - the "brain drain" kills the origin
           | countries slowly (good luck finding a nurse on the Balkans).
           | 
           | The _real_ fix would be to improve on the conditions that
           | parents need to have children: build affordable housing, (US
           | specific) increase employment security by killing off  "at
           | will employment", raise minimum wages to a level where a
           | single worker can feed a family on their wage, and provide
           | assistance to parents.
        
       | alephnan wrote:
       | Bank ATMs in Japan stop working between 6-9PM, and on weekends.
       | 
       | My debit card got de-magnetized ( like a flaky hotel room key )
       | and stopped working at the official bank ATM. It doesn't work at
       | most third party ATMs, but I've found the 7-11 ATMs are quite
       | robust and is actually able to transact. Seems like a weird
       | security mechanism if the official bank ATM can't authenticate
       | the card, but somehow 7-11 ATMs can bypass this and allow me to
       | withdraw money.
       | 
       | The bank's website also has a very strange username / password
       | rules. They can only contain numbers and letters, case
       | insensitively. Also, you can't have more than 2 consecutive
       | numbers or letters. For example, 'foo2bar' would not be valid,
       | nor would 'fo911baz'. 'fo23ba23' works.
       | 
       | One of my friends in Japan is a doctor from Belarus, one of the
       | poorest countries in Eastern Europe. She came to Japan thinking
       | it was technologically advanced, and was shocked to find that in
       | some aspects Belarus is more technologically modern.
       | 
       | I have a very cynical theory about why technology is seemingly
       | archaic here. I think the state of digital technology is due to
       | structural / hierarchical social reasons that these initiatives
       | don't really address. Not directly related to the hierarchical
       | constructs, but examples of traditional practices include:
       | 
       | - resumes must be hand-written
       | 
       | - the stack of paperwork you need to sign for an apartment is
       | about 1 inches thick. If you're purchasing a property, you'll
       | probably need a couple binders.
       | 
       | - you need to create Hanko ( personal seal stamp ) as your
       | official signature for some paperwork
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | I did some business with Singapore which is pretty cutting edge
         | with tech and has a nifty Singpass app that pulls everything a
         | resident might need with regards to the gov't - taxes,
         | property, license, medical records, etc.
         | 
         | But then I learned that they passed the electronic signature
         | act in 2010 and it only applies to some signatures - purchase
         | orders, but not property leases, letters of intent but not
         | company founding documents. Everything else needs to be on
         | paper and often needs a company stamp.
         | 
         | The US, which I wouldn't have considered that cutting edge,
         | passed an electronic signature act 10 years earlier and it
         | applies to pretty much everything.
         | 
         | It's just one example, and yes, many Asian countries can't let
         | go of their paper copies and wet signatures, but still leave
         | the US in the dust in other ways, but I thought it was
         | fascinating where countries have challenges moving to more
         | efficient processes.
        
           | dheera wrote:
           | I did an internship in Singapore once. One of the most
           | backward things I remember about my time there is needing an
           | "MC" (medical certificate from a doctor) when I wasn't
           | feeling well one day.
           | 
           | Like goddamn, it was just a minor cold, nothing serious, I
           | just needed to stay at home and rest, not trek out to a
           | doctor and infect other people on public transit on my way to
           | the doctor. There wasn't anything the doctor could do anyway
           | other than just tell me to take some Panadol for the low
           | grade fever, which I was doing anyway.
           | 
           | If it had happened again I would probably have just gone to
           | work sick because of the silly system. _I_ should decide if
           | and when I need to see a doctor, not my employer. Considering
           | how well-educated people were at the company I was at, there
           | 's no reason to not trust people when they say they need
           | rest.
        
             | philliphaydon wrote:
             | When I lived in Australia I had to present MC if I too time
             | off on Monday or Friday. So I used to show up to work sick
             | and get sent home because it was cheaper than seeing a
             | doctor for a sniffle.
             | 
             | In Singapore we have the MC requirement but I've been with
             | the company 9 years so I just tell my boss when I'm sick.
             | Don't bother seeing doctor. Unless I'm sick for a few days
             | with no feeling of getting better than I go and take time
             | off work at that point.
        
               | dheera wrote:
               | Damn. Even in Australia? Yeah, I mean, the employee
               | should decide if they need medical help. The company
               | should trust the employee if they say they are sick.
               | Staying at home in bed is a valid way to deal with minor
               | sickness and minor injury. Not all health issues need a
               | doctor. The body is wonderfully good at recovering from
               | minor issues by NOT trekking out when you don't need to.
               | That fact should be recognized.
               | 
               | I generally didn't understand at all the bureaucratic
               | trust issues in such a well-educated place where most
               | people were trustworthy to start with.
        
               | philliphaydon wrote:
               | Australia is super common for people to take sickies on
               | fridays or mondays to get long weekends hence the request
               | for mc. While tuesday-Thursday usually not required.
               | Depends on the company tho. Singapore is more strict tho.
        
               | dheera wrote:
               | > super common for people to take sickies on fridays or
               | mondays to get long weekends
               | 
               | Why not just give them enough PTO so they can get a few
               | long weekends here and there, and they won't need to lie.
        
             | anonAndOn wrote:
             | That's better than in Japan where people come to the office
             | with full blown colds and a mask. Viral containment is not
             | seen as a collective good.
        
         | thejackgoode wrote:
         | If Robert Sapolsky was in this thread, he would have probably
         | elaborately explained why island cultures cling to tradition
         | more strongly than the continental ones.
        
           | alephnan wrote:
           | There's also a phenomenon where migrants are more likely to
           | cling to their prototypical tradition than people who stay.
           | 
           | For example, the Taiwanese use traditional Chinese whereas
           | Mainland China use simplified Chinese. Or the orthodox Jewish
           | communities in Brooklyn. The Vietnamese diaspora.
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | That's what they say in anthropology, and there is truth to
             | it, but I think you could find better examples. Israel is a
             | new country that was populated by immigrants by and large.
             | Hasids sought others out and settled like places because
             | they wanted that culture, on the other hand secular jews in
             | nyc are indistinguishable from anyone else (and they too
             | are immigrants). China adopted simplified logograms to
             | combat illiteracy. Honk Kong was not an immigrant city and
             | it retained traditional characters. Cities in Vietnam
             | exhibit some cracks in traditional culture, but go to the
             | provinces and it's still traditional.
        
             | odiroot wrote:
             | > For example, the Taiwanese use traditional Chinese
             | whereas Mainland China use simplified Chinese
             | 
             | It may be political though. As in Taiwan keeping up with
             | the "true" Chinese tradition -- as opposed to post-
             | Cultural-Revolution China.
        
         | SapporoChris wrote:
         | >Bank ATMs in Japan stop working between 6-9PM, and on
         | weekends.
         | 
         | That's really not the case. It will of course vary by bank and
         | by location. Counter Example showing 4-24 hours availablity 7
         | days a week in Japanese:
         | http://map.bk.mufg.jp/b/bk_mufg/info/BA590467/
        
         | guskel wrote:
         | Don't forget the prevalence of faxing as well.
        
         | cbracken wrote:
         | This is also quite dependent on which part of Japan we're
         | discussing.
         | 
         | As an example, while my daughter's record of birth in Tokyo is
         | a printout of a digital record, my son's record of birth in
         | Kyoto is hand-written, and other than the handwriting, looks
         | identical to my wife's from the 1970s.
        
         | jhgb wrote:
         | > For example, 'foo2bar' would not be valid, nor would
         | 'fo911baz'. 'fo23ba23' works.
         | 
         | But according to what you wrote, "foo2bar" would be OK? It
         | seems to satisfy the 'no more than 3 consecutive numbers or
         | letters' requirement.
         | 
         | Also, the obvious answer to this is RLE compressing your
         | passwords. ;) foo2bar could be easily written as f1o221b1a1r1
         | to make it acceptable.
        
           | alephnan wrote:
           | Sorry off-by-1 error.
           | 
           | I meant exclusive of 3, not inclusive. So no more than 2.
        
         | olingern wrote:
         | When I went to register my apartment in Musashino, a woman went
         | and found a physical folder, thumped what looked to be 10+
         | pounds of paper onto the desk between us, and then proceeded to
         | find my apartment. It was found 10+ minutes later.
         | 
         | I was both amazed at the organization and horrified at the
         | inefficiency.
        
           | alephnan wrote:
           | > I was both amazed at the organization
           | 
           | I used to be impressed by the organization, but as I look at
           | my shelves of Muji document filers, I realized the
           | organization is necessary.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | Isn't Belarus one the most rapidly innovating on the digital
         | society ? or is it another eastern country .. I forgot.
         | 
         | That said banking may not be the best example about japan.. for
         | a long time everything mobile was years ahead in japan.
         | 
         | Maybe all brains died at Sony Computer Entertainment :)
        
           | ekabod wrote:
           | Belarus main cities are modern. It didn't not feel like a
           | poor country during my visits.
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | but is it still a poor country or just a slightly ignored
             | post USSR small block people really knew.
        
           | javier123454321 wrote:
           | Might be thinking about Estonia, or E-stonia.
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | could be yeah
        
         | havetocharge wrote:
         | The "strange" password limitations are probably due to some
         | mainframe backing authentication.
        
           | jhgb wrote:
           | Or maybe some weird TRON thing? I know that Japan has some
           | interesting and widespread-yet-exotic-for-us embedded things,
           | some of which are bound to end up in their ATMs.
        
           | ethbr0 wrote:
           | The broader "this" seems at the root of a lot of Japanese IT
           | anachronisms.
           | 
           | Incredibly conservative culture (especially with regards to
           | business hierarchy) + early social digitization = huge number
           | of antiquated systems
           | 
           | The typical way things would finally get replaced in most
           | companies ("If you're not migrated by X date, we're cutting
           | it off, and your stuff will stop working") seems pretty
           | anathema to Japanese corporate political expectations ("Don't
           | make someone else look bad").
        
         | drstewart wrote:
         | >I think the state of digital technology is due to structural /
         | hierarchical social reasons that these initiatives don't really
         | address.
         | 
         | Maybe a trite / cliche saying now, but the quote about Japan
         | being the most futuristic society you could imagine in the
         | 1990s just rung so true after visiting.
        
           | stopnamingnuts wrote:
           | I suspect I hit the sweet spot when I lived in Japan from
           | 1993-1995 if I interpret your comment correctly. I remember
           | being impressed by the tech. For example: ATMs into which one
           | inserted not only a card, but also a transaction book which
           | would be mechanically updated (versus spitting out a slip). I
           | still have mine. We're talking about Japan so, naturally, my
           | bank book features Snoopy prominently on its cover.
        
             | cactus2093 wrote:
             | I also lived in Japan in the mid 90's. I was a kid so of
             | course my memory is probably pretty skewed and I have no
             | idea about grownup things like ATMs, but I remember the
             | tech being absolutely amazing. All the game consoles were
             | Japanese (nintendo, sega, playstation) and often got
             | releases first before the US. The arcades were incredible,
             | I remember playing arcade versions of essentially DDR and
             | guitar hero/rockband like 5 years before they caught on in
             | the US. Cell phones also seemed to be a few years ahead of
             | the US (back when flip phones were the rage and smaller was
             | better). Complex vending machines were pretty common, e.g.
             | making things like multi-step hot coffee drinks, I think it
             | was probably a full 15 years later that I first saw one of
             | these in the US.
             | 
             | It's fascinating and also kind of sad to me how much less
             | relevant Japan today seems to be as far as consumer tech
             | goes.
             | 
             | Looking back, I also think a big part of it was Tokyo as a
             | city just being on a totally different scale than anything
             | else I had experienced. In the 90's I don't think there was
             | anywhere in the US remotely similar to a place like
             | Shinjuku. Now days I think parts of midtown Manhattan or
             | perhaps in other ways the Vegas strip might have a little
             | bit of a similar energy, but I had never been to either of
             | those as a child, and back then they were much different
             | than they are today anyway.
             | 
             | The ease of getting around by fast, reliable trains (and
             | especially bullet trains) also seemed super futuristic to
             | me back then. Of course that part is still pretty far ahead
             | of the US to this day.
        
               | da39a3ee wrote:
               | That might not be a Japan thing: in the late 1990s /
               | 2000s the US was behind Europe (as well as many bits of
               | first-world Asia I guess) with respect to cell phones and
               | consumer banking. For example, free SMS messages came
               | late to the USA. And the USA still doesn't really
               | understand debit cards (think about all the times in the
               | US that you hand over a debit card with a Visa symbol and
               | the cashier says "debit or credit?"; all they do in the
               | rest of the world is scan the fucking card and let the
               | system figure out where the money comes from.)
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | NavinF wrote:
               | I haven't been asked that question in a long long time in
               | the US. The cashier just swipes it.
               | 
               | Then again, I don't know anyone that uses a debit card
               | after high school. Not using a credit card kinda implies
               | that they're financially irresponsible right now (leaving
               | cash back/points on the table) or were in the past and
               | ruined their credit.
        
               | entropyie wrote:
               | FWIW, this is not even remotely true in Europe. People
               | use debit cards day to day, more likely to use a credit
               | card if they don't have enough in the bank I suspect. At
               | least where I am, there isn't much to be had in terms of
               | points or whatever.
        
               | cactus2093 wrote:
               | In the US every merchant factors in an extra 3-4 cents on
               | every dollar for credit card transaction costs on all of
               | their prices. If you pay with cash or debit card you eat
               | that cost yourself, if you pay with a credit card you can
               | make back like 2 - 4 cents of that amount depending on
               | the purchase category, and it can really add up over
               | time.
               | 
               | It's a very bizarre system, and incredibly regressive,
               | and would actually probably be pretty simple to get rid
               | of with federal legislation. I actually can't believe
               | none of our current wave of progressive politicians have
               | thought to come after it yet.
        
               | the-dude wrote:
               | You forgot to tell about the cheques.
        
             | novok wrote:
             | My pet theory as to why is the 90s is when japan was at its
             | peak productive (late 20s, early 40s) population
             | demographics, and now with the county having more seniors
             | than children, they are stuck in the past, since the
             | dominant age group still wields all the political and
             | business power. The olds see no reason to change, as olds
             | are prone to do.
             | 
             | You see it in the USA today too with their aging boomer
             | ruling class, but since its not as bad as japan, they're
             | not staying as stuck in the past.
        
             | kace91 wrote:
             | Wait, were those not universal?
             | 
             | I'm from Spain and I remember those transaction books from
             | my childhood (I was born in 1991).
             | 
             | By the time I was old enough to get my first debit card
             | they were long gone though.
        
               | ErneX wrote:
               | Those still exist and the ATMs still accept them. For
               | savings accounts, you introduce the thing and it prints
               | on all the pages it needs.
        
             | jholman wrote:
             | Bank books worked like that in Canada in the late 80s or
             | early 90s, yeah. It's interesting what seems impressive.
        
             | rwmj wrote:
             | I'm afraid Building Societies in Britain had transaction
             | books that would be updated by a printer back in the 1980s.
             | Quite useful actually, I'm rather sad we no longer have
             | them :-(
        
           | namelessoracle wrote:
           | the fact that one of their big things to show off in their
           | expo is the deep sea submarine they got running in 1991 is
           | kind of telling of that.
        
         | yarky wrote:
         | > resumes must be hand-written
         | 
         | I like this one, a hand-written paper helps in judging someone,
         | which I guess is the ultimate goal of a resume.
        
           | alephnan wrote:
           | I'm curious how well this works for evaluating physicians
        
             | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
             | I guess it sort of works for surgeons
        
           | mekoka wrote:
           | It sounds to me like a measure of conformity, because surely
           | you now have to choose from a set of recommended handwriting
           | styles that are considered "acceptable". By straying out of
           | the standards, you're risking the subjective appreciation of
           | the interviewer.
           | 
           | Do they test you on your handwriting during the interview to
           | make sure that _you_ wrote your resume? If they do, then it
           | implies that they truly think that they can _see_ something
           | in how someone writes. If they don 't then why not let the
           | machine do it?
        
             | grillvogel wrote:
             | >It sounds to me like a measure of conformity,
             | 
             | yes. people need to realize if they want to work/live in
             | japan stuff like this comes with the territory.
        
           | babypuncher wrote:
           | This sounds awful. I have terrible handwriting, and
           | handwriting skills are entirely non-essential in my line of
           | work. People would be tossing my resume because it's hard to
           | read, even though it has no bearing on my ability to do the
           | work I'm applying for.
        
             | grillvogel wrote:
             | sounds like japan may not be the place for you then
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | chucksta wrote:
         | The major US company I worked for 6-7 years ago had a global
         | presence, but were all sort of independent. We started to merge
         | into 1 formal company, and started reviewing IT processes.
         | 
         | The Japan location still had people walking through the data
         | center with a sheet of paper and a pen, going through and
         | manually checking servers off a list in the data center. It
         | blew everyone's mind
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | Having built out infra in Japan - it was a really strange
           | experience, esp WRT dealing with Data Centers...
           | 
           | There was this one data center in Tokyo that we needed to put
           | stuff into - and we needed a GPS antenna on the roof of the
           | DC piped down to our cage...
           | 
           | The DC itself was the most aesthetically beautiful DC I have
           | been to; Bamboo forest and waterfall in the lobby, black
           | granite everywhere, the receptionists were two beautiful
           | women... The place was pristine in look and super super
           | clean.
           | 
           | We met with the execs that ran it and they agreed to all our
           | requests - to pull lines from the roof to our cage, etc...
           | 
           | But in the end, they said yes to everything, but didnt
           | actually do anything that was requested.
           | 
           | It was a waste of a trip (aside from the fun we had while not
           | doing work), but it was stunning how much work was turned
           | down based on them saying yes, but not actually doing any of
           | the work requested...
        
             | dr-detroit wrote:
             | its not normal for them to flatly say no and explain things
             | to people they deem unworthy of the status that would merit
             | an explanation.
        
             | tovej wrote:
             | This might be a cultural/linguistic barrier you went up
             | against. It might also not be related to what happened to
             | you, but it feels like it is.
             | 
             | Japanese use a lot of back-channel chatter when they talk
             | to indicate that they are actively listening (Auzuchi).
             | This includes saying "Yes" to indicate "Yes, I understand
             | what you are saying" instead of "Yes, I agree that we
             | should do as you are suggesting". They may not always
             | indicate disagreement by saying "No" either, but simply by
             | not committing to your suggestion when its their turn to
             | talk (or some other, subtler expression than "No", such as
             | a head tilt and an intake of breath)
             | 
             | This active listening behavior has apparently led to
             | similar misunderstandings before.
             | 
             | Of course, if you made sure you actually came to a clear
             | agreement with the execs, it's an entirely different story.
        
               | retrac wrote:
               | True. Cliche almost. More cultural than linguistic.
               | Plenty of (usually different) contexts in America or the
               | UK where "Mhm", "sure", and "we are looking forward to
               | moving ahead with that" means nuh-uh.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | >> with a sheet of paper and a pen, going through and
           | manually checking servers off a list
           | 
           | Military here. We still do that. Classified systems have to
           | be mustered (counted) regularly. Electronic records can be
           | hacked/altered/spoofed remotely. In many situations that
           | clipboard on a hook remains a perfectly valid security
           | device, especially for systems/weapons/things that are not
           | powered up 24/7.
        
             | arp242 wrote:
             | In a similar vein, in some countries they just went back to
             | paper voting after trying electronic machines (e.g.
             | Netherlands). It's not perfect, but it electronic solution
             | also doesn't seem to be, and overall it seems to work well
             | enough.
             | 
             | There's this perception that "digital = better", but that's
             | not always how it works. Actually, in quite a few cases the
             | analogue solution was quite a bit better (analogue buttons,
             | for example, but also just having some things on paper was
             | a lot easier IMHO, like bus tickets and whatnot).
        
               | chucksta wrote:
               | Completely understand where you are both coming from with
               | ideas about security and "good enough" technique. But
               | these were incredibly simple tasks which any simple
               | automated system would suffice. Things that could be
               | analyzed with a graph and 5 minutes of time to review it
               | were taking days.
               | 
               | I also should have specified this was in an e-commerce
               | company, so no state secrets or anything like that.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | >> simple tasks which any simple automated system would
               | suffice.
               | 
               | Show me a machine that can go from room to room, from
               | vehicle to vehicle, counting rifles without error. In the
               | dark. In the mud. When all the vehicles are parked in
               | different places every day. Or another regular task at my
               | unit: itemizing first aid kits. Good luck telling a robot
               | to count the number of tourniquets in a locker without
               | making a mess of things.
               | 
               | >>and "good enough" technique.
               | 
               | These aren't good enough things. The human being counting
               | things and signing a piece of paper is _better_ than the
               | automated /online system. A human's positive control
               | cannot be hacked remotely. Go to a hospital and see if
               | the surgeons are ok with their tools being cleaned and
               | counted by machines, without human backup. Will never
               | happen.
        
             | closeparen wrote:
             | So can we defund the NSA then? If their conclusion is "lol
             | just don't use computers for anything important" why pay
             | them hundreds of billions of dollars to "secure" them?
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | NSA's encryption trickery means little when the "secured"
               | system isn't actually turned on. You still need to count
               | things even when they are not in use, especially when
               | they are in long term storage.
        
           | spamizbad wrote:
           | I sometimes wonder if Japan's work culture that demands long
           | hours from workers disincentivizes time-saving "automation":
           | In the US, where the expectation is closer to 40 hours, you
           | don't have the luxury of always assuming employees will be
           | cool putting in 10-12 hour days.
        
             | ensiferum wrote:
             | You might be onto something. I read in a book about the
             | world's economic history and why the industrial revolution
             | started in the UK that one of the likely reasons was the
             | rising expense of labour which forced businesses to then
             | find more efficient ways to work which lead to machines and
             | industrialization. So basically In any setting with a
             | surplus of cheap labour this incentive simply isn't there.
        
             | anonAndOn wrote:
             | The long hours are largely for saving face in front of the
             | team. Nobody leaves before the boss leaves, with full
             | trickle down effect. So if the director is working until
             | 9pm that means his managers are there until 9pm and then
             | the staff is sitting at their desks looking busy-ish until
             | 9pm, regardless of utility. Anybody who leaves early is not
             | "giving their best" to the success of the team.
        
               | sharken wrote:
               | Hmm, my goal is to do something memorable during a
               | workday and not just showing up.
               | 
               | Let alone the fact that in IT, you can rarely produce
               | something worthwhile after 4-6 hours.
               | 
               | It would also be hard to respect arbitrarily chosen
               | rules, that have no proven effect on productivity.
               | 
               | It's hard to see Japan being competitive with archaic
               | rules like the above.
        
             | keewee7 wrote:
             | >I sometimes wonder if Japan's work culture that demands
             | long hours from workers
             | 
             | Japan is placed somewhere in the upper middle among OECD
             | countries when it comes to average working hours per year
             | and the percentage of workers working more than 60 hours
             | per week.
        
               | newfriend wrote:
               | Isn't it weird then that there are so many stories of
               | massively overworked workers in Japan?
               | 
               | I wonder if those statistics are wrong, or perhaps
               | misleading.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | Using that same example, you could consider American
               | statistics misleading. US studies show that wage theft by
               | corporations is a multi billion dollar a year industry.
               | Things like that lead to underreporting of actual hours
               | worked, hence, skewing statistics.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | There are a large number of workers in Japan. Even a mid-
               | range percentage of a large number could be "so many".
               | 
               | By all means, the statistics could very well be wrong or
               | misleading, but the number of stories you've heard isn't
               | really evidence.
        
             | chaorace wrote:
             | I'm not sure if I buy that logic. The U.S. is also on the
             | high side, in terms of average annual hours worked.
             | 
             | If we tried to extrapolate that hypothesis, shouldn't it
             | imply that countries with considerably lower averages
             | (e.g.: Germany, France, Sweden) ought to be considerably
             | further ahead in automation than they currently are?
        
               | CerebralCerb wrote:
               | I do not know how automation is measured, but a couple
               | Americans I've met here in Norway has said that
               | automation is higher here.
        
             | indigo945 wrote:
             | The average Japanese employee works less hours per year
             | than the average American, on what comes down to having an
             | additional two weeks off per year (1713 vs 1783 hours
             | worked annually [1]).
             | 
             | Of course, with statistics like these one has to consider
             | the fact that second-income earners working part-time jobs
             | make the statistic skew low, which means that in countries
             | where wages are high enough to feed a family with only one
             | parent working, the numbers will skew higher despite less
             | actual hours worked. I am note sure to what degree the
             | statistics address this issue.
             | 
             | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_ave
             | rage_a...
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | Japan also doesn't report its work hours fully. The
               | notorious 12 hour work days in Japan are not commonly
               | reported as such. American workers by contrast are
               | (properly) penny counters when it comes to overtime,
               | shift differential, et al. Every hour they work over is
               | going to get counted and credited. The US has stricter
               | labor laws at this point than Japan does.
        
               | newfriend wrote:
               | This list is useless.
               | 
               | If you compared two families using this same system:
               | 
               | * Family A - 1 worker, 40 hours per week, 1 non-worker
               | 
               | * Family B - 2 workers, 20 hours per week each
               | 
               | You'd get an average of 40 vs 20, which makes it appear
               | as though Family A works "more" than Family B.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | >> The average Japanese _employee_
               | 
               | Employee is now a loaded word. Does this statistic
               | include contractors or just hired "employees"? A great
               | many workers in the US, from delivery drivers to doctors,
               | are no longer actual employees. Do their hours count?
        
               | harpersealtako wrote:
               | This uses the official numbers for average hours worked
               | in Japan, which are definitely not accurate as a lot of
               | overtime is unreported (and unpaid), especially at
               | particularly bad companies.
        
             | toyg wrote:
             | _> Japan 's work culture that demands long hours from
             | workers disincentivizes time-saving "automation"_
             | 
             | I reckon it's more that initiative is not expected, or even
             | discouraged. You will work on what the direct superior
             | tells you, end of story. And the more people the boss can
             | lord on, the bigger his empire looks like; so there is
             | little incentive for middle-managers to pursue efficiency.
        
             | dayvid wrote:
             | I was an english teacher in Japan for 2 years at a junior
             | high school.
             | 
             | The rep from a textbook company would go to the teacher's
             | lounge every semester, bow to each of the teacher's one at
             | a time in front of their desks, and ask them what they
             | wanted to order from the catalog. The teacher's could've
             | easily put in an order online or over the phone and I
             | imagine the salesman had to go to each school in person.
        
             | MattGaiser wrote:
             | Does it demand just long hours or also a certain level of
             | busyness?
             | 
             | As walking around with a clipboard looks a lot more busy
             | than typing.
        
               | namelessoracle wrote:
               | Having worked in a data center. The "walk around with the
               | clipboard" kinda still happens. Except its a tablet that
               | syncs up with an actual database instead of lots of
               | useless paperwork. Easy enough to look just as busy with
               | the tablet.
        
               | zeeZ wrote:
               | You can't stamp a tablet with your hanko, and faxing it
               | is difficult as well. A tablet would require changing a
               | lot of established procedures.
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | Could there one day be a stamp that also has an RFID/HSM
               | inside, that signs things digitally but gives the same
               | UX?
        
         | BinaryAsteroid wrote:
         | I worked in a national Japanese Lab for a year. For me, the
         | illusion of tech advancement was shattered when I was told I
         | needed to fill-out a form by hand to get access to a high-
         | performance computing facility. I got my login and pass info
         | about 5 business days after I mailed my application form by
         | post.
        
           | dr-detroit wrote:
           | you had to be there in the 1980s when all the brand new tech
           | apple and tesla are inventing for the first time ever were
           | commonplace
        
         | coopsmoss wrote:
         | I've noticed this kind of thing happens a lot, especially with
         | banks. The institution or counties that "went digital" earliest
         | are now hampered by the tech debt and infrastructure from the
         | early days. And slower institutions/counties can leap frog
         | them.
        
           | donatj wrote:
           | I think that's just true about everything. You spend a ton of
           | money deploying something, you're not going to rush to spend
           | a ton of money deploying every incremental change.
        
           | Tijdreiziger wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_the_handicap_of_a_head_.
           | ..
        
           | oconnor663 wrote:
           | Yeah I think this is why the US is so behind the curve on
           | paying for things with phones. We went all in early on credit
           | cards, and those are still mostly good enough for most cases,
           | so there's not a lot of incentive to upgrade.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | twostorytower wrote:
             | I feel like Apple Pay is almost everywhere I go now.
        
           | BeFlatXIII wrote:
           | Hotel wi-fi is my go-to example of this. The fancy downtown
           | hotels full of business travelers all signed contracts with
           | digitization providers who charge $20/night for flakey and
           | slow service. The Motel Six by the interstate has free and
           | faster connections. For the hotels, there is the added
           | complication that expensive hotels often have people other
           | than the guest paying for the expenses while cheap hotels
           | have travelers comparing on price.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | It's so new, that 4.0 doesn't suffice. Wow
        
       | Aeolun wrote:
       | I don't have a lot of faith in the Japanese government pulling
       | this off. They botched the COVID response, they botched the
       | olympics. Like, there isn't a lot going for them in the previous
       | successes department.
        
       | atentaten wrote:
       | The Society 5.0 idea comes out of the U.N. Sustainable
       | Development Goals, which is also promulgated by the World
       | Economic Forum. Japan is calling their implementation Society
       | 5.0. Other countries will use a different names or similar naming
       | schemes.
        
         | lioeters wrote:
         | Here's a reference about the U.N. Sustainable Development
         | Goals.
         | 
         | United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs -
         | Sustainable Development: 17 Goals - https://sdgs.un.org/goals
        
       | lawrenceyan wrote:
       | I think focusing on improving current rigid education, work
       | culture, and immigration policies are far more likely to make a
       | meaningful impact.
       | 
       | It's the more boring solution, and also one that most requires
       | facing uncomfortable truths, however.
        
         | x3iv130f wrote:
         | Encouraging diversity in leadership would be a good first step.
         | 
         | Including younger, female, and international leaders in the
         | decision making process would bring a lot of fresh
         | perspectives.
        
           | i_am_new_here wrote:
           | I don't see why Japanese men shouldn't be up to the job
           | compared to the groups you listed with their obvious
           | downsides:
           | 
           | younger - lack of experience
           | 
           | female - women to the rescue
           | 
           | international - lack exposure to local customs
           | 
           | "Fresh perspective" / " _leaders_ in the _decision_ making
           | process " (leadership positions) - Hacker News agrees that
           | "it's all about execution" and that "adding more
           | ideas/perspectives" as you suggest here might be rather
           | counterproductive or at least not a benefit.
           | 
           | It's _software engineers_ that get payed a multiple of other
           | (regular) jobs in silicon valley, which sets SV apart from
           | the rest of the world.
           | 
           | People arguing like you are either young, not-male and/or
           | not-native and want one of the _financially attractive_
           | leadership positions for the money. They don 't want or
           | promote diversity anywhere else but in this limited area
           | (leadership positions), which just quickly exposes their true
           | underlying motivation: Hypocrisy and your own greed.
        
             | andrewzah wrote:
             | That's your personal interpretation, and in my opinion it's
             | quite revealing.
             | 
             | It should go without saying, but I guess it needs to be
             | explicitly stated here: it's good to have -qualified-,
             | diverse candidates in leadership roles. Obviously just
             | putting some underqualified person isn't going to work out
             | and it's a bit tautological to state this. There's nothing
             | about "young" that automatically means "lack of
             | experience", or "old" that automatically means
             | "experienced". There's nothing about "more diverse
             | candidates" that means "not qualified"- that's your
             | personal interpretation. It doesn't mean "more qualified"
             | either.
             | 
             | Leadership (and really, all company roles) benefit from
             | having different perspectives. When your perspective is
             | from generally one group it's easy to be out of touch and
             | just start missing the mark.
        
               | i_am_new_here wrote:
               | > Obviously just putting some underqualified person isn't
               | going to work out and it's a bit tautological to state
               | this.
               | 
               | You have nothing to add to my reply so you reply with a
               | tautology and to your own defense you point it out
               | yourself ?!
               | 
               | Diverse often means to accept less qualification for the
               | sake of accomplishing diversity, unfortunately.
               | 
               | It's not the perspectives that matter, its execution. Did
               | you understand this?
        
               | andrewzah wrote:
               | "You have nothing to add to my reply"
               | 
               | Please re-read the rest of my reply.
               | 
               | "Diverse often means to accept less qualification for the
               | sake of accomplishing diversity, unfortunately."
               | 
               | This is your opinion. It's not factual, and I'm pointing
               | this out. There is nothing intrinsic about being more
               | diverse that makes it lower quality or less able "to
               | execute" than a monoculture. There is nothing about
               | monocultures that means they are more, or less, capable
               | "to execute" in the first place... a lot of them are just
               | buddies hiring buddies. It's your assumption in the first
               | place that these are efficient or meritocratic in the
               | first place. They can be. Many businesses aren't even
               | efficient or good at executing.
               | 
               | "It's not the perspectives that matter, its execution."
               | 
               | ...perspectives are what influence execution in the first
               | place. You need to be able to execute a plan well, but
               | creating a good plan is also vital. Diverse perspectives
               | catch potential design flaws and other things that can be
               | missed by having a monoculture (any monoculture) in
               | leadership.
        
               | i_am_new_here wrote:
               | I find it discriminating of you that you distrust any
               | ones ability to do the job. In Japan there are Japanese
               | people. Who should do the job? They of course, why not,
               | they live there. Why shouldn't "some of them" create
               | enough diverse views? What do you want? That people from
               | other countries go to Japan and enrich them? Gentrify and
               | replace them? Will they have/add better perspectives?
               | Will they mix or integrate into the local population
               | while providing more diverse views and creating a more
               | diverse population (also: physically - like "mixed
               | ethnicity babies")?
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | While watching the Olympics this past weekend and I recalled how
       | the flip phone cellphone era of the late 90s/early 00s was always
       | on some other level in Japan. No one in North America had
       | anything like we would sometimes get a glimpse of what was being
       | used in Japan. Yes, even EU had some of the more advanced stuff
       | but it was always Japan at the bleeding edge. So many designs,
       | features, video etc. Reminds of the Fast & Furious Tokyo Drift
       | movie that showed all the kids relaying video during races etc.
       | And movie audiences in NA thinking that's crazy/wow/unheard of.
       | 
       | But then things changed first tipping with Blackberry and then
       | iPhone/smartphones and now Japan is nowhere in the conversation.
       | (How Japanese _use_ some of their tech /apps/interfaces in the
       | city etc is a different thing, culture that's somewhat kept on,
       | their relationship with technology has a fascinating evolution
       | that's kept them in otherworldly territory in some regards, but
       | that's a different discussion) It's all samsung and apple and
       | google designs etc. Crazy how that changed.
        
       | mortenjorck wrote:
       | _> Cyberdyne 's HAL, standing for "hybrid assistive limb," which
       | the company claims to be the world's first "wearable cyborg."_
       | 
       | Whether intentional or not, an homage to not one but _two_
       | dystopian science fiction stories is an odd look for a robotics
       | company.
        
         | airstrike wrote:
         | I for one can't wait until they start fitting the Detroit
         | police force with their cyborg exoskeletons...
        
         | fullstop wrote:
         | It's up there with Espressif's Skainet [1]
         | 
         | 1. https://www.espressif.com/en/solutions/audio-
         | solutions/esp-s...
        
         | ghostbrainalpha wrote:
         | No one thinks deeply about the meaning of stories. They just
         | like including pop cultural references.
         | 
         | When the U.S. military creates an advanced android soldier
         | there is a 100% chance it will unironically be called "Project
         | Terminator" at some point in its development.
        
         | ginko wrote:
         | I wouldn't call 2001 a dystopian story.
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | the film overall is not, but I don't think you want your
           | wearable exoskeleton to take any cues from HAL 9000
        
       | m0llusk wrote:
       | Maybe some political innovation would be good also. They should
       | legalize the herb.
        
       | RedComet wrote:
       | We're watching the destruction of what's left of Japanese culture
       | and hegemony in real time.
        
       | science4sail wrote:
       | I can't help but be reminded of Japan's failed Fifth Generation
       | Computer Systems project.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_generation_computer
        
         | KineticLensman wrote:
         | That was my thought as well. I was at Uni when it happened and
         | one of our profs was convinced that the Japanese would
         | immediately leapfrog western computing efforts.
        
         | tyiing8 wrote:
         | The Japanese sure love the number 5... 5th generation computer,
         | Society 5.0. The number five holds tremendous significance in
         | nearly all Buddhist traditions:
         | 
         | https://www.onmarkproductions.com/html/number-five.html
        
       | fighterpilot wrote:
       | https://archive.is/oEY6G
        
       | throwaway889900 wrote:
       | Society 5.0: Dystopian tracking and extra suicides! Feels like
       | another government project that probably won't have much tangible
       | benefit for society and is all just a flashy name.
        
       | gjsman-1000 wrote:
       | Unrelated, but why do we need ".0" at the end of things like
       | this? I'm sure they won't announce Society 5.1 later...
        
         | whatshisface wrote:
         | Semantic versioning. 4.0 -> 5.0 indicates that the new society
         | may be backwards-incompatible, whereas 5.0->5.1 implies that
         | society will keep all of its existing APIs while adding more. A
         | patch version that changed its internals without adding or
         | removing any new features would be called 5.0.1, but society
         | versioning doesn't include the last digit because civil
         | servants don't ever get credit for their behind-the-scenes
         | improvements.
        
           | bool3max wrote:
           | Stfu
        
             | superduperycomb wrote:
             | It's a joke my dude
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | I've seen a surprising amount of things with functional version
         | numbers.
         | 
         | The frozen vegetable "meat" that's being delivered my way is on
         | v1.1 apparently. If people get used to food versionning, I
         | think they'll be fine with any other versionning.
        
         | Rd6n6 wrote:
         | Significant figures. Without that decimal place we don't know
         | how specific the measurement is
        
         | nixpulvis wrote:
         | Sounds more technical this way, and avoids confusions with
         | "Society Five" sounding like a group of people.
         | 
         | Do you remember Web 2.0?
        
           | layoutIfNeeded wrote:
           | >Do you remember Web 2.0
           | 
           | Yes. That was when the Web started really going downhill.
        
         | vermilingua wrote:
         | It disambiguates it as a version number, as opposed to a count
         | or size. I agree it sounds dumb, but you do immediately know
         | what it means.
        
           | dqpb wrote:
           | Don't you need two decimals to disambiguate? Otherwise it
           | might just be a float.
        
         | plainnoodles wrote:
         | I think it gives it a clearer indication that it's a version
         | number, whereas "Society 5" either sounds like either yet
         | another sequel to Society, or part of the title itself.
         | 
         | Also, point-oh sounds cool in English and just based on how
         | much they use fractional percentages in Neon Genesis
         | Evangelion, I assume it sounds cool in Japanese too.
        
       | echlebek wrote:
       | Oh, deregulation is needed for flying cars you say? Well OK then,
       | who cares about the safety of the populace. Progress marches
       | onwards!
        
       | alephnan wrote:
       | > At the capital's iconic 634-meter Tokyo Skytree, over 200 items
       | are being exhibited as examples of Japan-born innovation
       | 
       | Tokyo Skytree is part of the 'All-Japan Tower Association'
       | franchise of 20 observation decks around Japan. One of the
       | observation decks I went to in Fukuoka didn't have commercial or
       | residential units, and appeared to be purely an observation deck
       | and one sad little cafe.
       | 
       | Observation deck tickets in Japan are an order of magnitude
       | cheaper than the observation decks in the states, which makes me
       | curious how the economics work out. With notable exceptions such
       | as the Space Needle which was built for the World Fair, most
       | observation decks in the states are in skyscrapers that are
       | developed with luxury real estate.
       | 
       | Maybe not coincidentally, Fukuoka tower was finished in 1989 in
       | the midst of the Japan asset bubble, which succeeded a period of
       | opulence and hedonism with the anticipation at the time that
       | Japan would be _the_ global superpower, until it didn 't.
        
         | q_andrew wrote:
         | I believe the same company owns a decent amount of train
         | stations and routes. The skytree was a way to get more traffic
         | to a less-traveled station, and it worked like a charm. I'm
         | willing to bet that the other observation decks serve a similar
         | purpose.
        
         | ehnto wrote:
         | I might be wrong, but I believe a lot of them are re-purposed
         | TV-towers. Japan has an enormous amount of TV-Towers.
        
           | alephnan wrote:
           | I'm curious why we don't see converted TV towers in the
           | States.
        
       | Hokusai wrote:
       | This exhibition looks amazing. Each time I go to Japan I try to
       | find new exhibits, there are so many times that one can go to the
       | national museum in Tokyo and finding something new (some items
       | rotate, so probably I will go again, thou).
       | 
       | I hope that they repeat it next year, I hope that travel
       | restrictions are lifted. I like science and it's fun to see real
       | mechanical engineering instead of just software.
        
       | mc32 wrote:
       | I don't know what society 5.0 means[1] in practice, but after
       | faltering a few decades, it's good to see them publicly redouble
       | their efforts into science and technology. I'm excited to see
       | what their sea exploration/exploitation technology delivers.
       | 
       | [1]"a human-centered society [helped] by a system that highly
       | integrates cyberspace and physical space,"
        
         | i_am_new_here wrote:
         | Tim O'Reilly wrote a seminal paper about the "Web 2.0" in 2005
         | [1]. I remember reading it and it truly was an influential
         | masterpiece "one of it's kind". Since then cohorts of _much
         | less important_ groups keep counting up and releasing things
         | echoing Tim 's "2.0", e.g. "Industry 4.0"
         | 
         | From a time line perspective we seem to have reached "5.0".
         | This time with the prefix "Society".
         | 
         | [1] https://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/web2/archive/what-is-
         | web-20.ht...
        
         | alephnan wrote:
         | > but after faltering a few decades, it's good to see them
         | publicly redouble their efforts into science and technology
         | 
         | If the faltering you're referring to is deflation and economic
         | stagnation over the past three decades, the biggest issue now
         | is population decline ( due also in part to the decades of
         | deflation, and 1.5 generations developing a habit / culture of
         | saving ). Science and Technology is good, and maybe both issues
         | should be addressed, but I'm curious whether a push for STEM is
         | a distraction from these potentially even harder problem
        
           | MattGaiser wrote:
           | STEM could solve this problem if you could automate all the
           | low value stuff and use the humans for higher economic value
           | tasks, but it is uncertain whether you can educationally get
           | all people up to that level.
        
             | alephnan wrote:
             | > it is uncertain whether you can educationally get all
             | people up to that level.
             | 
             | Japan has one of the most educated populace.
             | 
             | > use the humans for higher economic value tasks
             | 
             | People are under-employed.
             | 
             | There is also the social expectation that people work hard,
             | so it's not obvious to me if universal basic income would
             | be well received, even by the people who would benefit from
             | it.
             | 
             | > STEM could solve this problem if you could automate all
             | the low value stuff
             | 
             | Japan has access to cheap labor in neighboring southeast
             | asian countries. Many of the workers at the convenient
             | store are from Vietnam, Philippines, Turkey.
        
           | throw0101a wrote:
           | > _If the faltering you 're referring to is deflation and
           | economic stagnation over the past three decades_
           | 
           | And yet they have a high standard of living, some of the top
           | health metric on the planet, and low unemployment. If you
           | look at GDP per working-age adult, they've grow at the same
           | rate of the US:
           | 
           | * https://twitter.com/paulkrugman/status/1215628645869420545
           | 
           | A lot of places would be very happy to have that kind of
           | "faltering".
        
             | alephnan wrote:
             | > high standard of living
             | 
             | And that's why I took a 60% salary cut to live in Japan.
             | 
             | > low unemployment
             | 
             | I don't think Japan having lower unemployment than other
             | developed countries is an indicator that other countries
             | are worst off. A part of the employment rate is due to
             | cultural reasons. There are people who can afford not to
             | work, but choose to work anyways.
             | 
             | > some of the top health metric on the planet
             | 
             | The Japanese eat less processed food, eat moderate
             | portions, use public transportation which involves a fair
             | amount of walking, and just take more sanitary measures
             | such as wearing a mask and washing hands.
             | 
             | After a certain economic level, this is also a cultural
             | phenomenon.
             | 
             | > A lot of places would be very happy to have that kind of
             | "faltering"
             | 
             | It doesn't change the fact that Japan was going to be _the_
             | global superpower, until it didn 't. Deflation is a fact. A
             | lot of places would be very happy to have the American
             | standard of living even during 07-08 recession, but that
             | doesn't change the fact that it was a setback.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | > washing hands
               | 
               | ...without soap and without drying them after.
        
           | mc32 wrote:
           | They may no have reached population equilibrium yet. Does
           | Japan have to exist at 115MM people? Maybe it's viable at
           | 50MM. Same for everyone else. Does the US have to have 330MM,
           | or can we be okay with 250MM, or China at 750MM, etc.
           | 
           | Declining pops diminish the need for expansionism and
           | internal unrest. Less fighting over limited resources.
        
             | JohnClark1337 wrote:
             | Lower population is good as there are more resources to go
             | around, however there start to be issues as the older
             | generations start retiring and/or are unable to work and
             | have to rely on the smaller younger generations to support
             | them.
        
             | JohnWhigham wrote:
             | I think this switch from supporting an always-growing
             | economy to one that one whose population numbers are in
             | relative stasis will be the biggest challenge of this
             | century. It's something we've never encountered as a global
             | civilization. And I think it could break said civilization.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | _> It 's something we've never encountered as a global
               | civilization_
               | 
               | I'm not sure what that means. There have been periods of
               | population stagnation in continent-size swaths of land
               | before.
               | 
               | Culturally speaking, stagnation has effectively been
               | "official policy" in Europe for centuries, before the
               | XIX/XX century changes. It ended simply because
               | technological advance by growing societies made it
               | culturally unsustainable to pursue ideals of eternal
               | stagnation. If you don't grow, somebody else will and
               | eventually they will show up at your door. This is also
               | the case of Japan, btw. They were effectively forced to
               | grow and progress by foreigners demonstrating military
               | power and tech that they could not match. If they
               | stagnate too much, they are at serious risk of somebody
               | else (China) doing it to them again.
               | 
               | If you think a global policy of stagnation would not have
               | such drawbacks, you're effectively stating that no
               | interplanetary species will ever show up at our door with
               | big guns, ever. That's kind of a big gamble.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | The "always growing" part, I think has a lot to do with
               | the stock markets and public companies. Private companies
               | can go up and down, expand and contract (it's not
               | painless of course). But a lot of this is due to
               | expectations.
               | 
               | Society can adjust if it's allowed. Before the 1900s old
               | people didn't retire (unless they were wealthy and never
               | actually did hard work). Maybe we need to rid ourselves
               | of the idea of living idly with golfcourses and driving
               | an RV all over the country and instead to add to the
               | household, if in diminishing amounts as one ages.
        
               | breckenedge wrote:
               | It'll be rough no doubt, but the Black Death didn't break
               | civilization, and it was a much more drastic population
               | reduction.
               | 
               | I do wonder how we will accomplish really big projects,
               | such as properly decommissioning nuclear power
               | facilities, with a reduced population. All of the models
               | for licensing and re-licensing reactors assume population
               | growth, and doing it wrong or neglecting it could lead to
               | some really fucked up situations.
        
             | cactus2093 wrote:
             | Sure the US could probably exist with 250MM people, in the
             | sense that there are certainly countries which are smaller
             | than that which are doing well. But the path to get there
             | would be shockingly painful and result in a huge decrease
             | to the average quality of life. The path to get to 500MM or
             | 1B people on the other hand would bring about a huge
             | increase to the average quality of life. You have it
             | backwards thinking that life is better if the population
             | shrinks.
             | 
             | This is getting into a whole other can of worms but I
             | firmly believe the most moral path for the US to aim for is
             | the latter.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | Could we? Maybe. I don't think we want to. Not the way we
               | consume our resources. We already have water issues in
               | much of the country when there is a drought.
               | 
               | We do not need that many people. The planet does not need
               | it. We need to learn to live with less and without never
               | ending growth.
               | 
               | Just as we target the 1990s or some other period for C02
               | production, we should do the same for population
               | stabilization. A couple of droughts here and there (as we
               | used to suffer from in the past) and we'll have massive
               | hunger and famine problems.
               | 
               | We need slack in the system for safety. We cannot operate
               | at the limits and not expect catastrophes.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Peak water use in the US was decades ago and isn't
               | related to population growth, nor does economic growth
               | require increased resource use. It requires efficiency.
               | 
               | Degrowth is just killing people, in which case the people
               | proposing it rarely want to go first.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | Population decline is not killing people. Japan and S
               | Korea aren't killing anyone.
        
               | cactus2093 wrote:
               | > We do not need that many people. The planet does not
               | need it. We need to learn to live with less and without
               | never ending growth.
               | 
               | This is where I really think it gets into the grounds of
               | a moral or philosophical argument. Life without this
               | neverending economic growth is nasty, brutish, and short.
               | We would never have advanced modern medicine, increased
               | lifespans, or invented any of the conveniences we all use
               | every day without it. There are no systems other than
               | broad economic/productivity growth that have ever worked
               | on a large scale for improving the living conditions for
               | humanity. And we still have a long way to go to make life
               | better for the poorest communities around the world.
               | Denying this type of progress to future generations of
               | humans, for a purely aesthetic reason such as we're
               | comfortable enough today in our upper middle class
               | lifestyles and we just kind of feel like we don't need
               | more people around, is unconscionable.
               | 
               | There is plenty of water on the earth, and capacity for
               | clean energy production, it's just a question of how do
               | we harness it effectively while mitigating the downsides.
               | I'm all for making some short term sacrifices and paying
               | some costs now to avoid the worst of climate change, but
               | that does not mean accepting that the future for humanity
               | should be degrowth.
        
             | shock-value wrote:
             | The issue with Japan is not specifically the decline nor
             | absolute level of overall population. It's rather the
             | demographic makeup which is shifting older. The next few
             | decades will be increasingly difficult for them as their
             | economy will need to support a larger level of retirees.
             | https://www.populationpyramid.net/japan/2019/
             | 
             | China has a similar issue coming down the line.
             | https://www.populationpyramid.net/china/2019/
             | 
             | For reference, the U.S. population pyramid looks a bit
             | "healthier" (more balanced), though the retirement of the
             | boomer generation will still pose a challenge.
             | https://www.populationpyramid.net/united-states-of-
             | america/2...
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | That's the usual specter; however, before modern times,
               | populations grew and shrank for many reasons. Once people
               | were out of the weeds from childhood disease, people
               | lived reasonably long lives.
               | 
               | One big difference now is people expect to "retire".
               | That's a modern construct. Sure, people used to add less
               | and less to society as they aged and ultimately would
               | need some subsidy, but much less than today.
        
               | bserge wrote:
               | They expect it because it's been the norm for a couple of
               | generations. And we're paying a lot for it (in Europe, at
               | least).
               | 
               | But yeah, it looks like we'll go back to no retirement
               | soon enough, the current systems are not sustainable.
               | Lots of people will be pissed off.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | We'll be better off as a species if we find a natural
             | stable state, but that doesn't mean that getting there will
             | be a good experience for everyone.
             | 
             | Shrinking populations in particular puts a lot of strain on
             | workers to support a larger elderly population. The more
             | rapid the decline, the worse the strain is.
        
               | tbihl wrote:
               | We would be much better off as a species if we were able
               | to handle the transition to a stable state. On the other
               | hand, population growth is what allows us the enormous
               | specialization that lets us achieve unbelievable
               | technological feats while also wasting time during work
               | on HN.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | There are enormous amounts of people who don't add to
               | innovation. Very few people are needed for innovation.
               | Most people even on HN are doing routine things. Not
               | discovery or in support of discovery. Most people's minds
               | are not being taxed -and that's okay. That's to say,
               | having millions of idle minds to produce one very
               | productive mind isn't a requirement. I think this
               | initiative could be part of this solution where we need
               | fewer raw numbers but more productive percentages.
        
             | tbihl wrote:
             | >Declining pops diminish the need for expansionism and
             | internal unrest. Less fighting over limited resources.
             | 
             | This is probably true, but the problem is that its logical
             | conclusion is the literal death of everyone. Stop anywhere
             | short of that, and people will return to the point where
             | they're no longer too preoccupied with avoiding imminent
             | death to compete for resources. At that point, the less
             | fighting is unlikely to be less per capita, and the only
             | good thing to say will be that technology will have
             | regressed so far that we won't be able to fight and kill
             | very efficiently.
        
             | Taylor_OD wrote:
             | My understanding is that the issue with declining
             | population is that typically that also means an aging
             | population. Younger people are not having children which
             | causes a whole slew of issues.
        
               | tbihl wrote:
               | What you've described is the best-cast scenario of an
               | aging population.
               | 
               | Far worse is the modern reality in most places, which is
               | systems that take growth and a certain demographic shape
               | as base assumptions, and then make promises to people
               | decades in advance based on those promises. That's what
               | we do in the United States (and probably most places, but
               | I won't speculate.)
        
       | brandelune wrote:
       | And Japan is betting on pervasive hydrogen based electricity
       | generation to manage carbon neutrality by 2050... A lot of
       | wishful thinking + hot air and "I won't be there to see the
       | disaster" from current politicians...
        
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