[HN Gopher] Pronouncing non-English names for English speakers
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Pronouncing non-English names for English speakers
        
       Author : ingve
       Score  : 260 points
       Date   : 2021-07-26 00:44 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | HuShifang wrote:
       | Not a native speaker, but at least in a Beijing accent, I
       | wouldn't say that "Chen" rhymes with "fun." "Cheng" or "Zheng,"
       | or "Feng," sure, "fun" works as a comparison. "Chen," "Zhen,"
       | etc. would rhyme more with "pen" or "hen."
        
         | zhte415 wrote:
         | That one threw me too, quite a few did, and it's certainly not
         | a north/south accent thing.
         | 
         | It might be easier just to use one of the many dictionaries
         | with embedded audio.
        
         | yellow_lead wrote:
         | Yeah, I don't understand this one either. One of the first few
         | names in this doc too.
        
       | Markoff wrote:
       | Wrong title, should read Pronouncing Chinese and Japanese Names
       | For English Speakers
       | 
       | I thought it will be some great tool where I enter
       | nationality/language of certain person, enter their name and I
       | will get pronunciation in English, meanwhile all I got is some
       | blog about pronouncing Chinese and Japanese names (which I
       | already knew anyway)
        
       | honie wrote:
       | I was wondering if someone could comment on the pronunciation of
       | "q" in Chinese (Mandarin). From time to time the advice that "q"
       | is pronounced as "ch" pops up. While I have no issues with "q"
       | sounding like "ch" in "quan", but it bothers me that the "q" in
       | "qian" sounds nothing like "ch" to me.
       | 
       | Thank you very much in advance!
       | 
       | Edit: added "but", "to me".
        
         | paradite wrote:
         | Native Chinese speaker here.
         | 
         | I tried to tell the difference between "q" and "ch" here by
         | pronouncing them. As the other comment noted, "ch" is actually
         | a valid pinyin as well, so they are definitely different.
         | 
         | My observation is that for "q" your tongue tip is closer to
         | your teeth and for "ch" your tongue tip is somewhere in the
         | middle of the mouth. Hope that helps.
        
           | ajuc wrote:
           | Is this the difference between cz and c?
           | 
           | https://translate.google.com/?hl=pl&sl=pl&tl=en&text=cza%20%.
           | ..
           | 
           | Click on the speaker under Polish.
        
             | enedil wrote:
             | I'm native polish speaker and after 3 years of learning
             | mandarin, and I need to somehow confirm, and somehow
             | rebute. Pinyin ch is almost exactly like polish cz. Pinyin
             | q is quite close to c, but to make that sound you need to
             | touch your lower teeth with your tongue. In polish the
             | tongue stays mostly flat. There is similar difference in x
             | vs s and j vs dz.
        
         | oconnor663 wrote:
         | "Pronounce q like ch" is good advice for a English speaker, but
         | it's worth noting that pinyin does have another consonant
         | that's actually written "ch", and the two are quite different
         | from each other. To my ear they kind of "sit on either side" of
         | the English "ch", and it's not surprising to me that sometimes
         | they don't seem to match.
        
       | IncRnd wrote:
       | > The goal of this guide is to produce a simple guide to help you
       | pronounce a surname from a non-English speaking culture that
       | sounds reasonably correct.
       | 
       | FYI, the first sentence of the article isn't proper English. It
       | purports to teach how a non-English speaking culture can sound
       | resonably correct.
        
         | yesenadam wrote:
         | Yup, better would be "pronounce a surname from a non-English
         | speaking culture in a way that sounds reasonably correct."
        
         | dkdbejwi383 wrote:
         | There's a lot of redundancy in the opening part of the
         | sentence.
        
       | magicalhippo wrote:
       | A family friend had parents from New Zealand and Norway. He was
       | born in New Zealand, and was named Brent after his grandfather.
       | 
       | As an adult he moved here to Norway, and immediately had an issue
       | with his name. In Norwegian "brent" means burnt, and is
       | pronounced almost exactly like "Brent".
       | 
       | So, he changed his name to a fairly common Norwegian name: Bernt.
       | 
       | Fast forward a couple of decades and he moves back to New Zealand
       | and, as you can imagine, again finds himself in need of a name
       | change since everyone is pronouncing his name as "burnt"...
        
         | waylandsmithers wrote:
         | That sounds a lot like Oprah. Her given name was Orpah (a
         | biblical name)
        
         | mongol wrote:
         | Haha... That was quite hilarious actually. On a similar note, a
         | childhood friend had last name Eld, meaning "fire" in Swedish.
         | That did not work well when it was time for conscriptive
         | military service....
        
       | teekert wrote:
       | My name is Freek, a sort-of common Dutch name, usually people
       | call me Frank from the start (when the name is not written
       | anywhere and they only hear it being said), I'll leave it at that
       | for Starbucks situations. Otherwise, in a Teams chat for example,
       | people see my name and they call me Freak hesitantly. If I leave
       | it like that they start to use it with more confidence. For long
       | term relations I tell people to pronounce it like "Frake" (like
       | brake and snake), which is very close to how it sounds if a Dutch
       | person says my name.
       | 
       | Over time, I've come to see my name as a nice conversation
       | starter.
        
       | kragen wrote:
       | Maybe I should submit a pull request for Spanish names. It'd be
       | nice to get Arabic, Hindi, and Russian in there too.
       | 
       | Common errors I've heard for Spanish:
       | 
       | - Juan being pronounced as [wan] rather than [huan] or [xuan]
       | 
       | - Jesus, of course
       | 
       | - Javier mysteriously gets mispronounced (only by British English
       | speakers!) with the akSENT on the wrong syLOBBle, as ['hav je]
       | HAVyer instead of [hav 'je] hav YAIR (the closest approximation
       | fitting English phonotactics to the correct [xab i 'er]).
       | 
       | Other people in the thread mention Jaime, for which [hajmej] is
       | much more reasonable than the commonly heard [dZejmi], and
       | Vicente for which [bisentej] is a lot better than [vIns@nt] or
       | [vintSentej]. (I'd be careful about [bithentej] though; Vicente
       | might be from Latin America.) I bet Julian gets [dZuli@n] rather
       | than [huli'an] pretty often, too.
       | 
       | The only one I've noticed from Hindi is people pronouncing
       | "Rohit" as "Roheat" instead of the straightforward "Rohit". Like,
       | "row hit". Couldn't be easier, but for some reason English-
       | speakers screw it up all the time. But then, I don't speak Hindi
       | or any other Indian language (yet!) so there may be a lot of
       | others I'm overlooking.
       | 
       | Also in 02021 there is no excuse for not having some reasonable
       | idea about how to pronounce "Nguyen", even if [wIn] is the best
       | you can do. Don't go around saying [n@gaj@n].
        
         | SamBam wrote:
         | I would submit a small rule for almost _all_ foreign names and
         | words, or at the very least European and Middle Eastern ones:
         | The letter  "e" is almost _never_ pronounced like  "bee."
         | 
         | Though I shouldn't be, I am continually surprised by this
         | Anglophone quirk. Just yesterday I was at a book club after we
         | had all read the book "Piranesi," and without failure every
         | American pronounced it "Piranisi." There are two different
         | vowels there, i and e. Most languages besides English have the
         | expectation that different letters are pronounced differently.
         | I know English is weird in this regard.
         | 
         | My rule of thumb: if it's a foreign word and it has the letter
         | "e," default to "eh" and you'll be close 90% of the time.
        
           | kragen wrote:
           | Well, it's certainly true that "e" for [i] is almost unique
           | to English.
           | 
           | But it's pretty common for languages to preserve phonetic
           | distinctions in their orthography that have disappeared from
           | the spoken language--Latin American Spanish has silent "h",
           | "z"/"c"/"s", and "b"/"v", so "Helvecia" would be pronounced
           | exactly the same way if it were spelled any of "Helbecia",
           | "Helbezia", "Helbesia", "Helvezia", "Helvesia", "Elbecia",
           | "Elbezia", "Elbesia", "Elvecia", "Elvezia", or "Elvesia", and
           | if you think "Helvezia" is impossible I refer you to
           | "azimut", "zinc", and "enzima". And on my local blacksmithing
           | group on Fecebutt I regularly see people spelling "haber" as
           | "aver". Not to mention "k"/"qu"/"c"--no reason "cuakerismo",
           | "folklorico", and "kilovatio" couldn't be spelled
           | "cuaquerismo", "folclorico", and "quilovatio", but they
           | aren't. _?Kesesto?_
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4DbC1rbERg
           | 
           | In the other direction, it's pretty common for languages to
           | have more vowels than the Latin alphabet, like English's 13
           | or so (14 in my idiolect). Even Latin itself had 10 vowels.
           | There are several different ways to handle this problem: you
           | can just hope people guess the right pronunciation from
           | context (like modern English and classical Latin, though
           | modern transcriptions of classical Latin often have macrons
           | to help you out); you can use digraphs, as in "floe" and
           | "each"; you can use a different alphabet with more vowels,
           | like bopomofo (12 or 17 vowel signs, depending on whether you
           | count codas that include consonants) or Cyrillic (9 or 13
           | vowel signs, depending on how you feel about diacritics) or
           | hangeul (10, 21, or 22 vowel signs, again depending on how
           | you count); or you can use diacritics, as in Portuguese "a"
           | [a], "a" [a], "a" [a], "a" [a]. Or some combination.
           | 
           | Speaking of Portuguese, though, many dialects of Portuguese
           | are an exception to your generally excellent rule: "livre" is
           | _totally_ pronounced [livri] in, for example, Rio Grande do
           | Sul. This is made more complicated by the fact that in
           | stressed syllables it 's totally [e] and not [i].
           | 
           | I think [e] "90% of the time" is an exaggeration given that
           | only 86% of people are non-Chinese, and Chinese is another
           | exception; as noted in the original article, "e" in hanyu
           | pinyin is [@], as in French (another 1% of people). But [i]
           | is a very rare value for "e" outside English.
        
       | random12345678 wrote:
       | do you mean Chinese and Japanese names for English speakers?
        
       | sverhagen wrote:
       | My name is "Sander". It's a common Dutch calling name, related to
       | the (baptismal, in my case) name Alexander. I have always
       | introduced myself in the US as "sender", which is easy and fine
       | to me, but not how you pronounce it in Dutch, where the "a" is
       | more like in the English "hard" (I suppose). I don't care. Until
       | my mom visited, who started calling out everyone in my sphere for
       | mispronouncing my name, despite my pleading to leave it alone...
       | oh, well...
        
         | Ambroos wrote:
         | I wonder if you can use a rhyme to help people. Sander, rhymes
         | with wander (for Americans). Bjork inspired me with her own
         | brilliant rhyming word. I'll leave it up to you to discover
         | what she uses: https://youtu.be/AGtMv-EQp20
         | 
         | For my own name, Ambroos (Dutch as well), I've yet to find a
         | good English rhyming word. I've just settled with telling
         | people to pronounce it as Ambrose. It's better than people
         | turning it into Am-bruce. For TTS I sometimes use Ahmbrohs.
        
           | eythian wrote:
           | Hm, Ambroos is a tricky one. The best I could think of would
           | be "arm" (assuming they're not with a rhotic-r accent, though
           | I could imagine people then making it sound like aam) +
           | "close" (as in dichtbij, not sluiten.)
        
         | yosito wrote:
         | I suppose you don't like the way Americans pronounce the A in
         | the English word "sander". I'm multilingual and it's gotten
         | difficult for me to be sure how native speakers pronounce
         | things, but here are some other variations that come to mind
         | that might make sense to a native English speaking American:
         | 
         | Xander - a common nickname for Alexander. The x is pronounced
         | as a z, but it still has the problem with the American a.
         | 
         | Sunder - Not as common, but it's a name Americans might have
         | heard and in my opinion is closer to the Dutch Sander than
         | "sender".
         | 
         | San Der - For the large percentage of Americans who are
         | familiar with Spanish pronunciation, you might have luck with
         | this spelling, but those Americans probably aren't the ones who
         | mispronounce the Dutch version.
         | 
         | "Like Shaun Der, but with an S instead of an Sh on the front" -
         | The way I explain the Hungarian variant Sandor to Americans is
         | "like Shaun Door".
        
         | dhosek wrote:
         | I remember when I learned how to pronounce the Dutch _ui_ which
         | I had been treating as if it were Spanish (wee). Once I learned
         | it corresponded to English ow, suddenly a whole host of written
         | Dutch opened itself up to me.
        
           | schoen wrote:
           | If you happen to know German, ui --> au is an amazing
           | discovery (huis --> Haus, uitgang --> Ausgang, various
           | others).
        
             | bjowen wrote:
             | I cannot thank you enough
        
       | AussieWog93 wrote:
       | I'm not sure I agree that the best mapping of Pinyin "e" is to
       | the English "u".
       | 
       | To my ears, Chinese "he" sounds closer to (non-American) English
       | "her" than "huh".
       | 
       | Same for "chen" - "chun" captures neither the Chinese phonemes
       | nor the English spelling. I'd argue even "Cheng" (hard e) is less
       | likely to cause confusion/disrespect.
        
       | dialogbox wrote:
       | The title reminds me my favourite yt video about Korean name.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/p1RKkRCiU90 Title: "having a non-white name" by
       | ProZD
        
       | axiosgunnar wrote:
       | It annoys me when people use Github for blogging because that's
       | what they're used to, especially if it's not the best medium.
       | 
       | What do you think, are elaborate markdown tables the best way to
       | show how to pronounce something, or... a wav file?
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | I could see myself using Github for something like this because
         | people can easily contribute by sending pull requests.
         | Particularly a page like this I would hope people with language
         | experience in other areas would send PRs to build a nice big
         | reference.
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | The main value is I think for people to stop and think about
         | where they stand on the issue.
         | 
         | I read through the post and agree with you that I still don't
         | have a clear understanding of the correct sounds, but I doubt I
         | would have gone sound by sound trying to hear the differences.
         | 
         | Overall my takeaway is that there are common names and sound
         | that are worth remembering, I checked a few like Nguyen, and
         | will probably check others when coming across some Chinese name
         | that reminds me of the article.
        
         | felipellrocha wrote:
         | I mean, that sounds like a you problem more than anything.
        
       | Sophistifunk wrote:
       | Is this the wrong link? All I see is how to pronounce 3 Chinese
       | consonants.
        
       | pelasaco wrote:
       | I would love see something like that for Germans. I have the
       | impression that Germans get quite lazy or simply ill will to even
       | try to pronounce it and it's quite disrespectful. If you are
       | German and you are reading it. That's for you.
        
       | jldugger wrote:
       | "Non-English" -> Mainland Chinese.
       | 
       | Well, it's a start I guess. Probably worth adding Vietnamese
       | considering how few people in the US know how to pronounce
       | "Nguyen".
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | That's the one I looked for on the list.
         | 
         | I knew a guy that went by "Win", is it always that?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tdeck wrote:
         | Personally I can more or less do Nguyen but I still don't know
         | how to pronounce Huynh.
        
         | wink wrote:
         | Be careful though, not too long ago I watched a YouTube video
         | in very demeaning tone of how to not offend people yadda yadda,
         | but it turns out they pronounced it completely differently than
         | a guy from school pronounced his own family name. (He was born
         | there and emigrated, so not some generations-old mishmash).
        
         | alexfromapex wrote:
         | Thought the same, would like to know how to pronounce some
         | Polish and other Scandinavian and European pronunciations as
         | well.
        
         | zamadatix wrote:
         | The one thing I've learned about pronouncing Nguyen is that
         | everybody agrees English speakers pronounce it wrong. And when
         | I say everybody agrees I mean you can't find an example of
         | somebody saying it where there isn't further debate that
         | example is also incorrect somehow. Typically because it's an
         | anglicized version but also debates on dialects. At this point
         | I'm not sure there is an always "right" way to say that name in
         | an English context even if there is a "correct" way it should
         | be said.
        
         | akdor1154 wrote:
         | Vietnamese is great, it's another really regular latinization
         | scheme. A few things are a little bit different from your
         | default English interpretation of letters, but all vowels etc
         | are completely predictable (... once you know the rules).
         | Unfortunately all the helpful diacritics telling you exactly
         | how to pronounce things normally get left off names in an
         | English context. :(
        
         | axaxs wrote:
         | Ng is a sound most Americans cannot make, including myself.
         | 
         | I just say 'wen' now, which is a step up from my initial
         | 'engooyin'.
        
           | blackshaw wrote:
           | The "ng" sound exists in English, it's just that we don't
           | have it at the beginning of words like Vietnamese does.
           | 
           | Say "singer", then say it again without the "si".
           | Congratulations - you know how to pronounce a word that
           | starts with "ng".
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | citrin_ru wrote:
       | Useless fact about Russian names surnames - if you'll try to read
       | how it is written in an ID (e. g. a password) you'll likely
       | mispronounce it, but if you'll read how people write their name
       | in less formal situations e. g. in email, you have more chances
       | to get it right.
       | 
       | There are multiple common ways to transliterate Russian to Latin
       | alphabet [1]. For some reason for passports Russian authorities
       | chose the scheme which is more confusing to English speakers than
       | other popular schemes.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian
        
       | toastal wrote:
       | No one could produce the sounds for my name in Thailand, so I
       | just picked a nickname (as is the local custom) and I've rolled
       | with that as my primary name ever since.
        
         | peteretep wrote:
         | Having a common name they've heard before helps to some degree
         | here, but also there's a Thai way of saying it and woe-betide
         | you if you don't say it the Thai way...
         | 
         | My favourite Thai pronunciation is the common Thai nickname
         | "Apple" which is a loanword. However they pronounce it "ah-
         | poon" because the character they use for the l sound (l) is
         | pronounced as an n in the terminal position. Also, Thais like
         | to shorten words, so sometimes this nickname becomes simply
         | Ple, pronounced "Poon" O_o
        
           | toastal wrote:
           | The schwa + 'l' ("le") is the exact sound I'm talking about.
           | As a someone wanting to practice good privacy, having an
           | alias is always nice.
           | 
           | It's pretty obvious now though. Most all 'weird' Thai
           | pronunciations for English come from transliterating English
           | into the RTGS Romanization system (whose sounds don't align
           | with English, like 'p' being p, the unaspirated version of
           | that sound which English doesn't have) an _then_ translating
           | from the Romanization to the Thai abugida to be pronounced.
           | Speculating, since someone misunderstood stress syllables
           | always put a falling tone on the final syllable and now you
           | have the Thai pronunciation. Pepsi isn 't translated as
           | phonemes as ephphchi, but p-e-p-s-i as p-e-p-ch-*ii; smash in
           | that falling tone and you get eppchii which honest to
           | Godzilla sounds like bep-SEE instead of PEP-si. Ask someone
           | to read your ID and they'll use this same system to read it
           | instead of trying to think about how English writing works.
        
       | gamegoblin wrote:
       | Something that always kind of bugs me is when I am traveling at
       | an airport in the US, and there is an announcement like
       | "Passengers X and Y, please come to gate 7" and the announcer
       | obviously has no idea how to pronounce non-English names. This is
       | even in airports like LAX which see a massive number of travelers
       | from Latin America and East Asia.
       | 
       | I would think that after making those sorts of announcements
       | frequently for one's job, one would learn just a few minor
       | adjustments to improve accuracy.
       | 
       | The basic ones I can think of that would increase accuracy
       | measurably are:
       | 
       | 1. How to pronounce "Nguyen"
       | 
       | 2. Spanish 'j' is close to English 'h'
       | 
       | 3. Spanish 'h' is silent
       | 
       | 4. Spanish 'll' is close to English 'y'
       | 
       | 5. Chinese 'q' is close to English 'ch'
       | 
       | 6. Chinese 'c' is like English 'ts'
       | 
       | 7. Chinese 'x' is close to English 'sh'
       | 
       | 8. Most languages do not use 'a' as in the American English
       | "and". If you have to guess, better is 'a' as in "father". In
       | general if you have to guess, the vowels of Spanish are usually
       | going to be closer than the vowels of English for most languages.
       | 
       | If the airport announcers were taught these basics on day 1 it
       | would make a tangible difference in people's lives for so little
       | invested effort.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | And English 'r' is not 'R' despite having the same latin
         | alphabet letter, with rare exceptions in certain dialects. And
         | plurals are easy, just add an 's' to most.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | > The basic ones I can think of that would increase accuracy
         | measurably are:
         | 
         | > 1. How to pronounce "Nguyen"
         | 
         | You say that like there's only one way to do it.
        
           | Sophistifunk wrote:
           | I've always aimed at "ngwen" although as a native English
           | speaker I'm still not great at starting words with "ng"
           | despite years of trying. It's more common in Australia than
           | most western countries as a lot of Aboriginal words use it so
           | we have it in place names, such as "Ngunawal" an area near
           | Canberra. On TV (since we have a few celebrities named
           | Nguyen) they just wuss out and tend to go with "Win"
        
             | sieutsoi wrote:
             | I'm Vietnamese, but I never figured out a good way to teach
             | people pronouncing "ng" until a recent vocal lesson, so
             | I'll give it a try here. When you say "Go", you'll find the
             | back of your tongue make a quick contact with the roof of
             | your mouth to make the "k" consonant. If you try to
             | gradually slow that down, keeping your tongue touching the
             | roof for longer, and tone down the edge in "k", and you'll
             | get "ng". And hopefully you'll be saying "Ngo" after a few
             | tries.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | Yes, "g" and "ng" both involve the back of your tongue
               | contacting the roof of your mouth. (Technically, that
               | area of the roof of your mouth is the "velum", and they
               | are called "velar" consonants.)
               | 
               | The difference is that, with "g", the flow of air is out
               | from your mouth (and the "g" interrupts that flow, which
               | is why a "g" sound cannot be held), whereas with "ng",
               | the flow of air is out from your nose (which is why a
               | "ng" sound can be held indefinitely).
        
             | dirkt wrote:
             | > I'm still not great at starting words with "ng" despite
             | years of trying
             | 
             | The trick that worked for me is that I know how to end on
             | "ng", and that I can hold that sound. So I froze my mouth
             | in that position, and used that position at the start of
             | the word. After doing that a few times, it became easy.
        
           | xeromal wrote:
           | I just say "Win" and hope for the best. lol
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | Indeed. When I worked with a partner in Asia I asked how to
           | pronounced "Ng" because I heard it said a few different ways
           | (different from the US version of "ing"). Turns out they are
           | all correct, just different dialects.
        
           | gamegoblin wrote:
           | If you were to pick any major Vietnamese dialect and learn
           | that pronunciation, you will be much, much closer than the
           | oft-repeated-in-America "nuh-gooyen".
           | 
           | Most Americans who learn how to pronounce it "correctly"
           | learn something like "wen", which while not quite right, is
           | still a huge improvement.
        
           | thrwyoilarticle wrote:
           | It's not even one name. Nguyen is the very popular family
           | name & Nguyen is a distinct given name with a distinct
           | pronunciation.
        
       | dorkwood wrote:
       | > First, if you can remember only 3 things:
       | 
       | > Zh is like a J sound (as in "Jam") > X is like a Sh sound (as
       | in "Shot") > Q is like a Ch sound (as in "China")
       | 
       | This is very useful to know, but I have a question. When
       | converting the original characters into English, why didn't the
       | creators of this system choose letters which more closely match
       | the native pronunciation? For example, why "Qi" instead of "Chi"?
        
         | bmn__ wrote:
         | > When converting the original characters into English
         | 
         | Latin characters is correct, not English
         | 
         | > why didn't the creators of this system choose letters which
         | more closely match the native pronunciation?
         | 
         | Because among other things the designers of Pinyin wanted the
         | users to be able to type the letters on commonly available
         | typewriters (in the 1950s).
         | 
         | A 100% match is of course the IPA, but that was exceedingly
         | difficult to type until late after the advent of personal
         | computers. Pinyin is a compromise. Compare:
         | 
         | tcki: * qi
         | 
         | tskr * chi
        
         | paradite wrote:
         | Native Chinese speaker (though not linguist) here.
         | 
         | For "q" and "ch", both are valid pinyin. "ch" in pinyin is
         | actually the same as "ch" in English in terms of pronunciation.
         | "q" in pinyin doesn't have a equivalent in English so it is
         | just "q", which is similar to "q" but not really.
        
           | tralarpa wrote:
           | It was explained to me that the difference between "q" and
           | "ch" (and the same for "j" and "zh") is the position of the
           | tongue, that is it is rolled back in "ch" and "zh". Correct?
        
             | paradite wrote:
             | That is correct. However it's quite hard to describe how to
             | pronounce it exactly in words. I guess it comes from
             | hearing it and practicing it.
        
         | GordonS wrote:
         | Basic-level Mandarin speaker here, but well-versed in Pinyin.
         | 
         | There are actually kind of 2 "sh" sounds and 2 "ch" sounds in
         | Mandarin.
         | 
         | "Sh" is a "heavy" sound, as in "shot", where your mouth makes
         | an O shape, whereas "X" is a much "lighter" sound that AI don't
         | believe has a comparison in English.
         | 
         | Similarly, "Ch" is a "heavy" sound, and "q" is much lighter
         | sound.
        
       | k__ wrote:
       | I know a Xue, and her pronounciation didn't sound like shoe.
       | 
       | More like kshoe but the end was something in between an "u" and a
       | German "u".
       | 
       | Languages are hard. I just have to think about "Sh" and "Shch"
       | which both sound a bit like "sh", but with subtle differences for
       | English speakers.
        
       | p1esk wrote:
       | The title should be "How to pronounce Chinese surnames"
        
         | _kst_ wrote:
         | The initial commit was 2 hours ago as I type this. The author
         | is probably planning to expand it.
        
       | rodgerd wrote:
       | Decades of watching cricket has given me a bit of a handle on
       | South Asian names. And I enjoy watching cricket.
        
         | kavothe wrote:
         | One of us! One of us! One of us!
        
       | qalmakka wrote:
       | It always puzzles me how little knowledge of foreign languages
       | the average English native speaker has.
       | 
       | Every time I hear an English speaker trying to pronounce Italian
       | or Spanish words it generally ends up in a complete disaster
       | (especially Italian). For instance, lots of folks haven't
       | realized that the Great Vowel Shift happened, and so try to
       | pronounce vowels as in English, without realizing that 99% of
       | cases, that's wrong.
       | 
       | Also, English speakers have an incredibly hard time not only
       | pronouncing but even understanding the whole concept of geminated
       | consonants, which makes them funnily destroy Italian or Japanese
       | names (gemination is especially important for Italian, where
       | certain words are otherwise undistinguishable, se calo/callo,
       | casa/cassa, pala/palla, ..).
        
         | mmarq wrote:
         | I find it very annoying when Italian speakers pronounce foreign
         | names using sounds that do not exist in Italian. Pronouncing
         | "Merkel" as a German would, makes it impossible to write and
         | unrecognisable to 99% of Italian speakers. It is not reasonable
         | to expect people to be able to pronounce and process sounds
         | from all languages. It doesn't mean that one shouldn't even
         | try, but if your name is " Friedrich" you should accept that
         | it's unpronounceable for an Italian and that "fredrik" is
         | probably good enough. Likewise I don't expect English speakers
         | to pronounce my name correctly (they never will), and I'm sure
         | I don't pronounce theirs as a native speaker would.
         | 
         | As a side note, I find it funny that the English seem to enjoy
         | pronouncing guttural Rs and nasal sounds when they say French
         | names. The English love saying "Macron" (usually producing the
         | sound of a lung exploding and being expelled through their
         | nose), while they don't mind vandalising Italian or Spanish
         | names.
        
           | qalmakka wrote:
           | > if your name is " Friedrich" you should accept that it's
           | unpronounceable for an Italian and that "fredrik"
           | 
           | I think that the only unpronounceable things in "Freidrich"
           | for an Italian speaker are the guttural Rs and the /c/ sound
           | at the end. Most Italians are acquainted to the fact that
           | 'ei' is /ai/ in German thank to South Tyrol and names such as
           | "Einstein" being common knowledge - nobody would ever
           | pronounce it /'einstein/. Thus an Italian would probably not
           | mind pronouncing it as /fraidrik/, with a rolled R (which
           | isn't technically incorrect in German, AFAIK) and a /k/ sound
           | in place of /c/.
        
             | jagger27 wrote:
             | I think people really overdo the idea that certain sounds
             | simply cannot be replicated by non-native speakers. If
             | there is any remote proximity to native speakers and a bare
             | minimum effort is made to practice tricky sounds, it's
             | totally doable.
             | 
             | I certainly picked up French quite easily in school. Later,
             | in university, I picked up Italian very easily (though I
             | had some exposure from older relatives). More recently, I
             | absorbed a tiny bit of "hey how are you" Mandarin from
             | coworkers, who were surprised at my ability to accurately
             | parrot some words after a little bit of practice.
        
               | mmarq wrote:
               | Of course you can replicate all sounds, I can pronounce
               | Friedrich, but an Italian speaker with no exposure to
               | German (which is 99% of the population) will inevitably
               | butcher it, because both the R and the "voiceless palatal
               | fricative" do not exist in Italian phonology. This
               | hypothetical Friedrich can either accept that he is
               | talking to foreigners that can't pronounce his name as
               | native Germans, or he may spend 2 hours trying to explain
               | how to articulate a voiceless palatal fricative, assuming
               | he can put that in words (I wouldn't know where to start
               | to explain how to pronounce "gli"). We all know what a
               | polite person would do.
        
               | jagger27 wrote:
               | Perhaps my perspective is skewed as a Canadian
               | consistently exposed to multiple languages in media and
               | in casual conversation.
               | 
               | Italy shares borders with two German majority speaking
               | countries (Switzerland and Austria) and is close to
               | Germany itself. Wouldn't Northern Italians especially
               | have good exposure to them?
               | 
               | As for the Italian 'gli', that was probably the hardest
               | for me to pick up.
        
               | mmarq wrote:
               | No, apart from Alto Adige, which is an Austrian region
               | occupied after WWI, still inhabited by Austrians, nobody
               | has any exposure to German. (I honestly don't know if
               | they consider themselves Italians or Austrians, but they
               | usually are native German speakers and have limited
               | knowledge of Italian).
               | 
               | It is hard to find a 45+ year old Italian who knows a
               | foreign language.
        
               | qalmakka wrote:
               | Sure certain sounds can definitely be picked by non-
               | native speakers. I'm not an English or German native
               | speaker, but I've learned to pronounce /x/, /c/, /th/,
               | /d/ and the guttural Rs just fine, all sounds I didn't
               | grow up with. It took time, exercise and willpower, and
               | I'm kind of a language nut so I always put in some extra
               | effort to get my pronunciation right. A common person
               | that doesn't know the slightest amount of German is
               | definitely not going to put in the effort to learn how to
               | say [ch] right, just to say "Freidrich".
        
         | dkdbejwi383 wrote:
         | I'd be interested in some examples for both, if you could!
         | 
         | I'm a stupid/ignorant English speaker, because I only know
         | English and German so can't pronounce Italian intuitively.
        
           | qalmakka wrote:
           | Italian is somewhat simple to pronounce (probably it is not,
           | but I like believing that).
           | 
           | - The cardinal rule is that EVERY SINGLE LETTER MUST BE READ.
           | We don't write unnecessary stuff, we don't eat letters like
           | in French.
           | 
           | - The only exception is the letter h, which we use sparingly
           | by itself as a Latin leftover, and is ALWAYS silent. Like
           | "ho" and "o" sound the same.
           | 
           | - there are only 7 vowels (English has around 16? 17?), and
           | no "weird" consonants.
           | 
           | - E and O have two allophones, but everyone in Italy has a
           | different accent so it's quite irrelevant how you pronounce
           | them as long as it's a "boring" E and O, like in the English
           | "eh". The O sound is especially difficult for English
           | speakers, because O is almost always pronounced like "ou"
           | /oU/. Just try to drop the /U/ part. Italian vowels are
           | boring and plain. They don't sound fancy or complicated. They
           | are barebones and flat.
           | 
           | - In general, _1 letter = 1 sound_. This is quite a hard
           | rule, and it 's rarely broken.
           | 
           | - There's a few gotchas to this, like [gn] and [gl] which
           | sound like the Spanish [n] and [ll] respectively1.
           | 
           | - [gh] is always a hard g, like in English "get". [gi] and
           | [ge] are _always_ soft Gs, like the one in the English word
           | "justice". The same applies to [c]: [ch] is hard (read it as
           | k), [ci]/[ce] are like in "cherry".
           | 
           | - [l] is never dark, while in English it often is. L in
           | Italian always sounds the same, /l/, as in "litter".
           | 
           | - Syllables are not as stressed as in English. English has
           | this tendency to "squish" one part of a word together and
           | then slow down at the end. Italian usually has a quite
           | "constant" tempo, with a bigger emphasis on the "accent",
           | which is a stress put on a specific syllable.
           | 
           | The biggest hurdle IMHO for English speakers are geminated
           | sounds (i.e. double letters), which do not exist _at all_
           | AFAIK in English, and that are often fundamental to
           | distinguish words in Italian. It's something conceptually
           | similar to what Japanese go through when they learn English
           | and discover that so many words require a distinction between
           | /r/ and /l/, like right and light.
           | 
           | For instance, "pollo" means chicken, while "polo" is pole. An
           | English speaker will usually pronounce them the same.
           | 
           | It's also important to remember that English went through the
           | Great Vowel Shift, so it's whole alphabet is now way more
           | messed up compared to basically every other language that
           | uses the Latin alphabet. Also, the Latin alphabet was
           | designed around the phonology of Latin, so it's very good at
           | representing Italian phonetically, while quite bad to
           | represent Germanic languages (way too many vowels). Given
           | that you know German, you can use the German reading of vowel
           | letters with Italian, and it would probably work better than
           | the English one. German also has lots of vowels, but they
           | tend to write them closer to how Romance languages do (so A
           | is /a/, e is /e/, ...)
           | 
           | 1 [gl] sounds /y/ only when followed by i, like in "sceglie".
           | Otherwise, it sounds like /gl/ like in English "glue"
        
             | dkdbejwi383 wrote:
             | There are some geminated sounds in English, mostly in
             | compounds e.g. "roommate", "midday", "misspell".
        
               | qalmakka wrote:
               | That's right, I had never realized those existed. They
               | could be a good way to teach people how to pronounce
               | geminated sounds.
        
         | edanm wrote:
         | You're making some _very_ broad generalizations, which is why
         | you are puzzled IMO.
         | 
         | Firstly, "English speakers" includes many people who speak
         | multiple languages. Technically, English speakers also includes
         | people who are non-native English speakers, who by definition
         | know another language.
         | 
         | Secondly, there are many native English speakers who speak a
         | second language, or who are at least exposed enough to second
         | languages to know how they sound. For example, many states in
         | the United States have a very large Hispanic population, parts
         | of Canada have people who speak both English and French, many
         | people from England speak second languages (French is fairly
         | common if I recall correctly).
         | 
         | I think who you're thinking of are _only_ the native English-
         | speaking people who are _not_ much exposed to other languages.
         | There is a fairly large population of these, because the United
         | States is fairly large and has lots of areas that are
         | surrounded by only English speakers (as opposed to most other
         | countries in the world, whose neighbors speak another
         | language). Of course if you 're only looking at the subset of
         | people who _aren 't_ exposed to another language, you'd expect
         | to see them have little knowledge of foreign languages!
         | 
         | (Side note: I wonder if even this phenomenon is decreasing,
         | given greater immigration, the Internet, foreign TV/Movies
         | being more available/popular, etc.)
        
           | wink wrote:
           | In my (limited) experience there is no discernible difference
           | between Americans and British people mispronouncing Italian
           | (or German, for that matter) and to a degree Spanish words.
           | 
           | I think this is what the parent poster meant. If your native
           | language is English AND you don't know any others, then your
           | mispronunciations will be similar.
        
             | qalmakka wrote:
             | This, exactly. I also saw a quite big difference between
             | monolingual English speakers and Italian speakers. The
             | average monolingual Italian speaker that has had a basic
             | exposure to certain English words through TV or media in
             | general WILL definitely mispronounce the words, but the
             | result is never so corrupted and garbled to result
             | incomprehensible to an English speaker. For instance, the
             | average Italian might pronounce a word like "cocktail" as
             | /'koktel/ instead of the correct English /'kakteIl/, or
             | "underground" as /ander'graund/ instead of /^nd@'graUnd/;
             | I've yet to find an English speaker that hasn't studied
             | Italian that doesn't do butcherings like /S@'ba:da/, which
             | an Italian won't definitely recognize as "ciabatta" due to
             | the fact that it is supposed to sound /tSa'batta/. I think
             | it's a process somewhat similar to how Japanese corrupts
             | loanwords, but in the other direction: English has a vastly
             | larger array of sounds compared to Italian, so speakers
             | somewhat fail to understand that Romance languages (except
             | French and friends, but we don't talk about French) are
             | usually much "flatter" in sound than your average Germanic
             | language with 16 vowels.
        
               | edanm wrote:
               | I wonder if it is indeed a difference in base language,
               | or just a difference of exposure. I assume that, even
               | without "trying", almost every Italian has more exposure
               | to English than English speakers have to Italian.
        
               | qalmakka wrote:
               | My personal theory is that it's mostly due to exposure
               | and cultural influence. The English speaking world is
               | mostly refractory towards the non-English speaking world,
               | i.e., books and movies published in Italian will almost
               | always never get an English translation because there
               | really isn't a market for translated novels. In the same
               | way, Italian singers and bands have 0 chances of success
               | unless they start singing in English; that's also the
               | reason why at Eurovision only a very few countries sing
               | in their own languages.
               | 
               | This causes people to hear English sounds since their
               | very early childhood - in song, mostly. Movies are
               | dubbed, but in general names of non translatable things
               | are kept as-is, with a "flattened" but somewhat correct
               | pronounciation.
               | 
               | English is also a mandatory subject in school. While the
               | vast majority of students suck badly in that subject (I
               | think among my classmates only 3 people, counting myself,
               | had a mark above a passing grade in high school), at
               | least you get that Millennials and some Gen X at least
               | can grasp how stuff is supposed to get pronounced, so
               | they can correct their parents or relatives when they say
               | something completely out of place. I don't think there
               | are enough people knowing a foreign language in English-
               | speaking countries to offset this, so the "creative"
               | pronunciations tend to stick and become the norm.
        
       | bernardv wrote:
       | A great idea, and useful not just for English speakers. My French
       | background doesn't make me any better at pronouncing Chinese
       | names!
        
         | tasogare wrote:
         | Try searching for EFEO (Ecole francaise d'extreme Orient)
         | transcriptions instead. That system was made for French
         | sprakers and the resulting pronunciation should be somewhat
         | understandable by a native. I wish that system would have been
         | kept in use for education (a least in the beginning) because
         | badly pronunced pinyin cause mistakes that stick for years in
         | learners.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | > My French background doesn't make me any better at
         | pronouncing Chinese names!
         | 
         | It would have, back when the sound currently written "r" was
         | written "j" instead.
        
       | enriquto wrote:
       | The "opposite" side of this issue is people who intentionally
       | adopt a pronounceable name of their destination country. I may
       | have observed that, but I'm not really sure. Some of my Chinese
       | students, who could barely speak French, were called totally
       | french-sounding names like "Cedric" or "Pauline". I guess they
       | invented them on the spot, to avoid people butchering their real
       | names. But I never thought of a non-awkward way to ask them about
       | that.
        
         | fqye wrote:
         | Chinese has this idiom Ru Xiang Sui Su , meaning in other
         | people's land you follow other people's custom.
         | 
         | It is a culture of us to make the hosts feel comfortable by
         | giving ourselves a name of the hosting country, though of
         | course some Chinese chose not to.
         | 
         | A french friend who worked in China for a long time gave
         | himself a very nice Chinese name Ou Da Zhuang , literally
         | Europe, Big And Strong. It is a very down to earth Chinese
         | name.
         | 
         | He was liked instantly when he introduced his Chinese name.
        
         | tremon wrote:
         | At uni I had a Vietnamese classmate in my group called Thanh.
         | This was easy enough to pronounce, or so we thought. One day he
         | introduced us to his brother, called Than. If I remember
         | correctly, the difference between their names was in the
         | melodic intonation, which none of us could master.
         | 
         | Ultimately, we ended up naming then Hans and Daan. I don't
         | recall if they were bemused or bewildered by our inability to
         | distinguish their names, but they accepted their new names with
         | grace.
        
       | MomoXenosaga wrote:
       | I have my phone set up in English. Google maps is hilarious and
       | basically unusable when it tries to pronounce street names.
        
         | eythian wrote:
         | While my phone is in English, I have Google Maps set to Dutch
         | so that it will pronounce street names correctly (in English
         | it'll butcher "Spui", but however it says "Utrechtsestraat" is
         | pretty much unrecognisable.)
         | 
         | However there's an annoying/funny bug. If you open maps and
         | start navigation, it's fine. However if, while navigation is
         | running, you switch to another app temporarily, the language
         | voice will change to the English voice, but the direction-
         | generation part will still be generating directions in Dutch.
         | This then becomes the worst of all possible worlds, as not only
         | are the street names being butchered, but the instructions are
         | too. In particular, "sla rechtsaf" (turn right) becomes "ess
         | ell aye rektsaaf" as it thinks it's an acronym.
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | A majority of the street names around Santa Fe where I live are
         | named in Spanish. I'm always quite impressed that (english
         | language) gmaps manages to say "Suh-ree-os" for "Cerrillos",
         | but every once in a while it totally goofs up some Spanish
         | streetname, for no apparent reason.
        
         | Y_Y wrote:
         | This happens in Ireland too. Even though mostly people speak
         | English, a lot of the place names have a spelling that's a
         | compromise between the Irish Language original and the
         | "Anglicised" pronunciation. Any system (including Google Maps)
         | that doesn't specifically add phonetic pronunciation has no
         | hope. Good examples include "Graiguenamanagh", "Dun Laoighre"
         | and the classic "Cobh".
        
       | ulfw wrote:
       | Oddly enough, pronouncing non-German names is much easier for me
       | as a German-native speaker as many sounds (in the linked github
       | above) are pronounced the same in German as in e.g. Japanese
       | (thus we'd always pronounce "a" as "ah" anyway or "i" as "ee"). I
       | change how I pronounce letters for English, not for many other
       | languages.
        
       | ithinkso wrote:
       | People are giving pronunciation tips for other languages in the
       | comments, here are tips for polish. Polish often seems
       | incomprehensible for english speakers because of the sheer amount
       | of consonants though it actually flows quite nicely if you know
       | the rules
       | 
       | 'sz', 'cz' - those are equivalent to 'sh' (shop,shell) and 'ch'
       | (chop, check)
       | 
       | 'w' - it's a hard 'v' as in 'very', 'vary'. Always, no exceptions
       | and never anything else, it's Ko-v-alski (Kowalski) and Le-v-
       | ando-v-ski (Lewandowski). This is, I think, the most common
       | mistake when reading polish names because english speakers often
       | soften the 'w' to english 'w' as in 'when'/'why'
       | 
       | 'L or l' - that's the thing you think of when you see 'w' in
       | english. It's the same sound as in 'when'/'why'/'when'. It's not
       | a weird accent on 'L', for some reason we don't have 'v' in our
       | alphabet and we moved 'v' sound to 'w' and 'w' sound to 'l'
       | 
       | o - it's called 'closed u', the same as normal, open u,
       | pronounced as in 'put'/'dude'. The only difference between open
       | and closed 'u' is in writing, none in speaking
       | 
       | y - a vowel, I don't think the sound exists in english but often
       | 'yyyyyy...' in polish is used as 'ummmmm...' in english
       | 
       | a, c, e, n, s, z, z - good luck ;)
       | 
       | One thing that makes polish a bit easier is that it's
       | pronunciation is 98% consistent, you need to learn the sound of
       | each letter or digraph once and it will never change so every
       | polish person will pronounce even made-up words in the same way
       | because there's only one way (you may write it incorrectly as in
       | the open/closed u above, or z/rz, but you will read it back
       | correctly so just don't show anyone how you've written it :) )
        
         | felipelemos wrote:
         | z has the sound of soft g, as in germs
        
           | ajuc wrote:
           | g in germs would be "dz" not "z" in Polish. Same sound as j
           | in English - for example in "jungle" (dzungla in Polish). As
           | usual - English encodes it in many ways Polish always as
           | "dz".
           | 
           | Polish "z" without "d" before it is more like French j for
           | example in "je taim".
        
             | jgtrosh wrote:
             | Sorry but it's << je t'aime >>
        
             | pomian wrote:
             | Zak = Jacques in French. Which is easier?
        
         | ajuc wrote:
         | Yup Polish is actually quite regular in pronunciation, there
         | are very few exceptions and only about a dozen rules to
         | remember to be able to pronounce any word.
         | 
         | The reputation comes from different conventions. In English
         | letter+h is the escape code (gh, th, sh, ch) in Polish it's
         | letter+z (rz,sz,cz,dz,dz,dz,dzi).
         | 
         | Especially vowels are much easier than in English. Each vowel
         | in Polish maps to exactly one sound and vice versa.
         | 
         | > y - a vowel, I don't think the sound exists in english
         | 
         | it's the English short i like in bIt. As is the rule- Polish
         | has a special letter for that sound and English has 2 sounds
         | encoded the same way and you have to remember which is which :)
         | 
         | Another difference is that Polish j is English y. And English j
         | is Polish dz (dzungla = jungle).
         | 
         | n is the same sound as the funny n in Spanish word for Spain:
         | Espana
         | 
         | > w is v [..] Always, no exceptions and never anything else
         | 
         | There actually are exceptions, but they are regular as well - w
         | before last syllable is often devoiced to f. Levandofski. But
         | even most Polish speakers don't know that it's the rule, they
         | just speak that way without thinking :) And if you ignore it
         | you are fine, it sounds unnatural but it's still correct. Like
         | saying "I am" instead of "I'm" in English.
         | 
         | BTW I think all that additional complexity in English writing
         | system is the reason you have to teach kids to read for so
         | long. In Polish kids are usually taught reading in preschool or
         | first class at school and they are expected to be able to
         | correctly read any text after 6 months to 1 year.
         | 
         | There are some gotchas the other way around (hear something and
         | write it) because that way the mapping isn't unique (there are
         | sounds that have 2 ways to write them), but reading is easy.
        
           | ithinkso wrote:
           | >There actually are exceptions, but they are regular as well
           | - w before last syllable is often devoiced to f. Levandofski.
           | But even most Polish speakers doesn't know that it's the
           | rule, they just speak that way without thinking :)
           | 
           | Well, true, but I don't think devoicing w in 'Levandofski' is
           | correct, sounds a bit sloppy but hard to hear the distinction
           | to be honest so maybe
           | 
           | There is though a clear devoicing not only before the last
           | syllable but before 'sz' as in 'wszystko'(all),
           | 'wszedzie'(everywhere). Not sure if there's a surname that
           | that applies to.
        
             | mkotowski wrote:
             | Wszystko and Lewandowski both are subjected to the same
             | principle, namely: in Polish consonant clusters, including
             | across a word boundary, the obstruents are all voiced or
             | all voiceless.[1]
             | 
             | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_phonology#Voicing
             | _and_d...
        
               | ithinkso wrote:
               | Yup, thanks, that's the rule.
               | 
               | I think I should change the 99.99% in my original post to
               | 98%
        
               | mkotowski wrote:
               | I wouldn't be so strict with it to be honest -- it is
               | still a rule that is internally consistent, and as far as
               | I know it lacks any significant exceptions.
        
               | ajuc wrote:
               | I wonder if there is a rule that lets people get away
               | with "Lewandoski" :)
        
               | andrewl-hn wrote:
               | Rule of thumb of consonant clusters in mos languages:
               | break the cluster. Don't try to pronounce "VSK" directly.
               | Instead, split it and add different parts to syllables
               | before and after: Le-van-dov-ski. Adding "ski" after the
               | word is much easier than dealing with three consonants in
               | a row
        
               | mbel wrote:
               | There is, it's called ,,dialekt malopolski" ;)
        
               | ithinkso wrote:
               | Ej, co kurwa? Jeszcze mi powiesz ze wychodzi sie na dwor
               | a nie na pole ;)
        
         | Markoff wrote:
         | What about rz, is it same as r in Czech? Good luck with this
         | letter to any native English speaker. :-))
        
           | Vaphell wrote:
           | no, it traces back to the same thing pretty much, but in
           | modern Polish it's indistinguishable from z (z?) I assume
           | that long time ago it went like this r' -> r -> rz -> z,
           | which effectively removed the foundational r-ness of the
           | thing.
           | 
           | Off the top of my head, the Polish language has lost the
           | phonetic distinction between
           | 
           | rz and z -> z,
           | 
           | h and ch -> ch,
           | 
           | u and o (flat u vs long o) -> u
           | 
           | In some regional dialects near southern/eastern borders you
           | could still find some of these distinctions, but in modern
           | Polish it's gone.
           | 
           | at a glance shit looks unnecessarily confusing especially for
           | non-slavic foreigners, but once you look more into it
           | explains many things and helps greatly with writing of
           | related words, declination and conjugation, eg where grammar
           | mandates sound substitution (assuming you are Czech you are
           | probably aware of this effect already) For example there are
           | clusters of sounds that often change one into another.
           | 
           | g/h/z are one such cluster of closely related sounds
           | 
           | noga (leg, noun) vs nozny (adjective)
           | 
           | drugi (second) vs druh (friend, companion) druzba (guy
           | helping the newlyweds with wedding)
           | 
           | Sapieha (noble name of Ukrainian origin) vs Sapiezanka
           | (daughter of Sapieha)
           | 
           | rz/r:
           | 
           | drzewo (tree) vs drewno (wood)
           | 
           | ch/sz is another:
           | 
           | mucha (fly) -> muszka (diminutive)
           | 
           | o/o/e is another:
           | 
           | bog (god) vs bozek (lesser god)
           | 
           | pioro (feather) vs pierzyna (bed cover stuffed with feathers)
           | 
           | It also helps seeing similarities between Slavic languages,
           | as this stuff preserves a ton of the common roots. Any Slav
           | seeing 'gora' will know what's up, not so much with
           | phonetically equivalent 'gura'.
        
           | ajuc wrote:
           | No, it's either the same as "z" (in most cases) or the same
           | as "sz" (after devoiced consonants). And there's like 3 words
           | where it's pronounced as separate r and z letters (tarzan,
           | marznac, I don't remember the 3rd :) ).
        
         | Kosirich wrote:
         | For south Slavic last names: c- "ch" as in cheddar or the
         | choose so same as "cz" in polish c - "tj" ...this one is hard,
         | and only some dialects pronounce it differently enough so using
         | "c" is good enough z - same as "J" in french names "Jeanne
         | d'Arc" or Jean-Luc Picard dz - same as "J" in the word "John"
         | or "Jordan" or G in "George" d - just use dz s - "sh" as in
         | short
        
           | ithinkso wrote:
           | Do you guys also have the open/closed u distinction?
        
             | Kosirich wrote:
             | Nope. That is why people struggle with Danish o,o,a,y,u and
             | a,ae.
             | 
             | But in reality, at least for Croatia, the differences in
             | dialects mean that in some dialects some words with "o" are
             | pronounced as "o", or "a" as "ae"...
             | 
             | Anyway, reading Slavic compared to English/Danish is a
             | piece of cake. Grammar on the other hand...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mkotowski wrote:
         | To elaborate on <l>  - there is quite a good reason for the way
         | it is spelled. Originally, its pronunciation was /l/ ("dark l"
         | in English) so it was very close to /l/ in sound quality.
         | 
         | It evolved to /w/ over time. During the first part of 20th
         | century, it was already used only in dialects and by
         | professionals such as actors and singers (because of it, it is
         | also called "scenic l" -- ,,sceniczne l").
         | 
         | Ironically, if I remember correctly the original sound quality
         | of <v>  in Latin was also /w/, so in some roundabout way you
         | could say that English and Polish both swapped traditional
         | pronunciation of their letters.
         | 
         | <y>  is often transcribed as /i/ but it is in practice closer
         | to English schwa.
         | 
         | And to correct one thing: because of Polish orthography rules,
         | <w>  can also be pronounced:
         | 
         | * as /f/ if preceding consonants are voiceless as in the second
         | w in Lewando__w__ski, although I think one would still be
         | understood if that rule was ignored
         | 
         | * as /w/ if the word is an English loanword, as in ,,weekend"
         | /wikent/
        
           | narag wrote:
           | _the original sound quality of <v>  in Latin was also /w/_
           | 
           | IIRC, there wasn't a U letter in Latin, so the vowel was
           | written as V. I guess it tended to souns like W when starting
           | a syllabe, as in versus.
        
             | ajuc wrote:
             | > there wasn't a U letter in Latin
             | 
             | Yup they used V for both. This is probably why German (and
             | then Polish) uses W instead of V - to distinguish it from
             | U.
        
               | squiggleblaz wrote:
               | When the Latin alphabet was first used in Old English,
               | Latin w had already come to be pronounced v. The was no
               | need for it in English at that stage, because v was just
               | considered a variant of f.
               | 
               | But English made good use of w, and there were two ways
               | of writing the w sound: either as two u's (because that
               | way you can indicate the consonantalness of it, even
               | before consonants as in writan) or using the old rune
               | wynn. The uu approach spread to the continent and Old
               | High German (which still used the English sound) adopted
               | it. Old High German also didn't have a v sound at that
               | time, and v was considered a variant of f - which it
               | still is in modern German (e.g. Vater = father,
               | pronounced fah-ta). Meanwhile, uu fell out of use in
               | England, and the runic wynn dominated. But the English
               | spelling system was gradually replaced following the
               | Norman invasion, which led w to dominate over wynn. And v
               | was now considered its own sound, so the letter began to
               | be used for a v sound. So even though English seems to be
               | a bit of a exception, with w=/w/, it's a practice that
               | came from England and came back to England and was a
               | medieval norm.
               | 
               | But the w sound changed to v in German too. They didn't
               | have such a radical interruption to their orthographic
               | tradition as the English did, so the idea that V=F
               | remained, and the letter w just come to be used for the
               | new v sound. It spread from there.
               | 
               | So it's not really w instead of v to distinguish /v/ from
               | /u/. It's more w instead of v to distinguish /w/ from
               | v=/f/.
               | 
               | The crazy thing about that is it wasn't until several
               | centuries after all that transpired that v and u became
               | separate letters. So the Germans were using u for the
               | sound of Buch and the sound of Uater (=Vater), and a
               | different letter w for the sound of Wasser, when W and
               | U=Buch were very similar and U=Buch and U=Vater were very
               | different.
        
         | wink wrote:
         | What kinda gets me is the name Lukasz, because in German and
         | English it is indeed an L and all the ones I know actually use
         | the L (maybe unless talking to other native speakers).
        
           | ithinkso wrote:
           | Yeah, Lukasz is the same name as Lucas and because ASCII and
           | internet it's very common to just write it as Lukasz because
           | no matter if you're talking to the native or not, they will
           | know what you mean (it is very common for polish people to
           | omit polish letter altogether when texting/writing informally
           | online because the correct letters can be inferred from the
           | context so why bother pressing that alt key). If you were to
           | pronounce it correctly though it would be something like
           | 'Wookash' (which looks ridiculous in written form but hey)
        
             | ajuc wrote:
             | > it is very common for polish people to omit polish letter
             | 
             | Is it still common? It was popular when there were many
             | encodings that always broke and when people wrote SMS by
             | pressing number keys 5 times for 1 letter, now I don't see
             | it that often. I'd say it's about as common as writting l8r
             | in English :)
        
               | mkotowski wrote:
               | Less common than it used to be, but still happens. Mostly
               | when writing in a hurry (of course without auto-
               | correction turned on) or interacting with older systems
               | and applications. Also, it is so rare to use Polish
               | letters in a URL, that if you were to dictate one based
               | on a Polish word(s) most people would simply spell it
               | without them (l - l, a - a, etc.).
               | 
               | By the way, never try to use Polish letters in a Windows
               | username. It works, but every once in a while something
               | third-party or rarely used breaks unexpectedly.
        
               | ithinkso wrote:
               | I think I rarely use polish letters when I write on
               | whatsapp/signal etc. and I don't think I often see them
               | written. I don't pay that much attention though so it may
               | be that I'm the only one
        
         | OldOneEye wrote:
         | Thank you very much for this summary! I have a lot of polish
         | colleagues in my work, and I always feel bad for not knowing
         | how to start pronouncing their names aside from memorization
         | (which I will promptly forget). This will definitively help me.
        
           | ithinkso wrote:
           | > and I always feel bad for not knowing how to start
           | pronouncing their names
           | 
           | No worries, give it your best approximation and if it's way
           | off or if someone cares a bit too much they will correct you,
           | use the corrected version since then and you're golden.
           | 
           | We know it may be hard, no problem whatsoever and no one
           | cares, don't worry about it one bit and definitely don't feel
           | bad about it. I think poles actually prefer if you say their
           | name in 'english way' rather than super-correctly in polish
           | because it sounds more natural instead of being suddenly
           | jerked back into polish for a millisecond and then back into
           | english. Just remember the 'w'->'v' and you will get a lot of
           | street cred for free
        
         | narag wrote:
         | _' w' - it's a hard 'v' as in 'very', 'vary'. Always, no
         | exceptions and never anything else_
         | 
         | I've been interacting with a Polish web and got very confused
         | because what happens with stand-alone _w_ , that seems to mean
         | _in_. Indeed Google Translate pronounces it as a v. First time
         | I see a word in any language that consists only of consonants
         | :-m
        
           | d1sxeyes wrote:
           | English has a couple of pure examples: 'Mrs' and 'Nth' I can
           | think of.
           | 
           | You can extend this with exclamations/onomatopoeia (eg:
           | 'hmm', 'shh', 'brr'), but can see that these are not 'normal
           | words'.
        
             | bloak wrote:
             | Interjections can contain sounds that don't occur in
             | ordinary words. In German there's "tja", and in English
             | there's "tsk", which is a click, quite an unusual sound:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_click
        
           | mkotowski wrote:
           | It is quite funny, because when I was learning English, it
           | was so bizarre that the first-person pronoun was only one
           | letter (putting aside the required capitalization). On the
           | other hand, having to write _and_ instead of _i_ still seems
           | quite unwieldy to me.
        
             | ajuc wrote:
             | Well in English it's actually 2 sounds (a+i) they just have
             | them mixed into one letter :)
             | 
             | Not unlike Russian where the reversed R is the same sounds
             | just in reversed order (i+a) and it also means I.
             | 
             | Polish prefers to have sounds separated so it's "ja". And
             | it's never capitalized, English is very egocentric about
             | it's pronouns :)
        
           | ajuc wrote:
           | > First time I see a word in any language that consists only
           | of consonants
           | 
           | Polish is quite tame with these as far as Slavic languages
           | go. "Strc prst skrz krk" is a proper sentence in Czech and
           | Slovak :)
        
             | carlob wrote:
             | Except in most Slavic languages r can work as a vowel.
             | 
             | (if you are confused think about how the y in year is a
             | vowel sound but works as a consonant in the syllable)
        
               | andrewshadura wrote:
               | Y in year does not represent a vowel sound.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | Phonetically, it is a vowel (a sound produced with an
               | open vowel tract), but phonologically, it is a consonant
               | (a sound that forms the onset of a syllable).
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | Romanian has the opposite oddity: we have whole words made
             | up of vowels, with a proper sentence like that: "Aia e o
             | oaie" ("that is a sheep", pronounced roughly 'ah-ya ye awe
             | wa-ye').
        
         | skipants wrote:
         | I took a Ukrainian class but this also applies to Polish:
         | 
         | The tip they gave English speakers for pronouncing "szcz", was
         | that it sounded like the sh-ch connection between the words
         | "Fresh Cheese".
         | 
         | Ironically, I didn't know how to pronounce it properly until
         | then and it's in my last name! I always anglicized its
         | pronunciation to "sha".
        
         | m12k wrote:
         | Also, in Polish a regular 'c' is pronounced approximately like
         | an English 'ts'
        
         | smcl wrote:
         | > It's the same sound as in 'when'/'why'/'when'
         | 
         | Note: this is ONLY applicable if your "wh" is non-aspirated. If
         | you pronounce Lukasz as "Whookash" you're going to get some
         | funny looks :) I'd have written this as "It's the same sound as
         | in 'wise' or 'weather'"
        
           | mkotowski wrote:
           | Also, if we are talking about aspiration, word-initial p and
           | t are also left un-aspirated in Polish, contrary to many
           | (most?) English dialects.
        
             | smcl wrote:
             | That is interesting, I can't think how else to pronounce
             | the word-initial "t"s in something like "Tu jest carrefour,
             | a tu jest kurwa jez" (a phrase that has entered the canon
             | of my friend group) any other way, I wonder if I'm already
             | saying it unaspirated.
             | 
             | :D
        
               | ithinkso wrote:
               | I'll be honest, I'm very interested in knowing how that
               | polish phrase entered a Scotsman's, living in Czech
               | Republic, canon and what it means
        
               | smcl wrote:
               | It's all down to this video where a Polish guy was amazed
               | at a hedgehog he saw in some city centre somewhere:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwR6KS6vJWg
               | 
               | Edit: oh and it means "Here's the carrefour (supermarket
               | chain), and here's the fucking hedgehog"
        
               | ithinkso wrote:
               | Lol, first time I'm seeing this. But the very top
               | recommendation from yt was 'Jez kurwa - czeska parodia!'.
               | I love how memes travel. I think the last very popular
               | Czech meme in Poland was Jozin z bazin
        
           | ithinkso wrote:
           | That's interesting, could you elaborate on the difference in
           | 'w' between 'wise' and 'when'? I'd say 'Wookash' as in star-
           | wars 'Wookie' is a good way (way, hehe) to say Lukasz.
           | 
           | I'm not a linguist though so I'm curious
        
             | ajuc wrote:
             | Some English speakers pronounce "w" differently than "wh".
             | They will say sth that sounds like "hwhen" instead of
             | "when" for example. I think it's a dialect thing I only met
             | like 5 people online who spoke like that but they were all
             | native English speakers so it must be correct?
        
               | Veen wrote:
               | It's "correct" but quite rare. The wh was originally a
               | digraph pronounced with a voiceless labial-velar, but but
               | most variants of English have undergone what linguists
               | call the whine-wine merger so those words sound the same.
               | Exceptions are Scots, Irish, and some Southern US
               | varieties.
        
               | ajuc wrote:
               | The guys I met are from Canada.
        
               | aasasd wrote:
               | IIRC the 'History of English' podcast mentions that
               | pronunciation like 'hwat' was the norm either in Old
               | English or before that. Then it changed, and the spelling
               | was changed accordingly.
        
               | blackshaw wrote:
               | Obligatory Family Guy link:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMopBpOfv_E
               | 
               | I'm not sure I've ever met anyone in real life who says
               | "hwen", "hwere", etc., although you can hear it in some
               | Johnny Cash songs. I'm not sure exactly where in America
               | you can hear it - is it a southern thing? You'll never
               | hear anyone say "hwen" in the UK.
        
             | smcl wrote:
             | That's a _much_ better example! I 'm not sure how to
             | accurately describe the w/wh difference in text. A comment
             | in this thread suggested that it's like prepending a "h",
             | like "hwhen" which is actually incorrect - this exists but
             | it's what you'd do as part of an over-the-top impression of
             | an old fashioned upper class accent :) In reality the
             | pronunciation is just like blowing a tiny little bit of air
             | when your mouth makes the shape for the "w". I didn't know
             | it was largely just a Scottish/Irish thing nowadays,
             | though.
             | 
             | Also while we're all gathered in our shared appreciation of
             | pronunciation weirdness I have one more "wh" example. Where
             | I'm from (Northeast Scotland) English words following a
             | "wh-" pattern are transformed in the local dialect to be
             | spelled and pronounced differently as "f-". So "fit"
             | instead of "what" ("fit like?" = "how's it going"), "far"
             | instead of "where" ("far dae ye bide" = "where do you
             | live") etc. Dialects are weird :)
        
         | blackshaw wrote:
         | > pronounced as in 'put'/'dude'.
         | 
         | FYI: "put" and "dude" have a different vowel sound in most
         | dialects of English.
        
           | ithinkso wrote:
           | Yeah, that's why you can hear 'polish/slavic accent' because
           | it's hard for us to say it differently
        
         | aasasd wrote:
         | Now practice: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jaMcIbIWt_4
        
       | canjobear wrote:
       | If you're interested in learning to pronounce non-English things,
       | I highly recommend learning the IPA
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabe...
       | 
       | You can get away from this vague stuff like 'an "ah" vowel', and
       | learn (1) the real way the pronounce the names, including sounds
       | that aren't in English, and (2) the precise closest English
       | approximation, without having to go through analogies and
       | metaphors that won't be valid across English dialects.
        
         | hazbot wrote:
         | I was chatting to a speech pathologist the other day,
         | apparently when they were being awarded their degrees, the
         | entire class submitted the IPA transcription of their names to
         | be read out at the graduation ceremony.
        
         | lmm wrote:
         | I lost enthusiasm for IPA once I found out that there's no
         | unambiguous way to denote a rolled r. It sounds like IPA has
         | already accumulated its own historical baggage and recommends
         | users to specify what they mean by each symbol, so you're just
         | trading one set of vague analogies and metaphors for another.
        
           | bradrn wrote:
           | I'm not sure what you mean by this. In phonetic
           | transcription, rolled r is unambiguously [r]. In phonemic
           | transcription... well, /r/ can be ambiguous depending on what
           | language you're transcribing, but that's OK because phonemic
           | transcription isn't supposed to represent specific sounds
           | anyway.
        
           | canjobear wrote:
           | Sometimes linguists transcribing particular languages have
           | developed conventions so they don't have to hunt around in
           | the special characters. For example the English r sound is
           | really r but people writing about English might write it as
           | r. But in standard IPA, rolled r is the symbol r and nothing
           | else.
           | 
           | Some of the other things that look like nonstandard IPA are
           | actually Americanist notation, which a lot of older linguists
           | were trained in rather than IPA:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americanist_phonetic_notation
           | 
           | Still it's a lot less ambiguous than "sounds like 'ah'" which
           | could be just about anything.
        
             | qalmakka wrote:
             | This, exactly. The rolled r is only r in IPA, but way too
             | often people reach out for the wrong symbols when
             | representing English pronunciation. Often I also see *k
             | being often left out when a consonant is usually aspirated,
             | and so on.
        
         | reirob wrote:
         | I agree fully, and I wish, for written communication (chat,
         | emails) people could use some latin/ascii based transliteration
         | of IPA. There is X-SAMPA [1], though it's not much used yet. I
         | think a simple input method, available on all keyboards and
         | maybe some textual annotation for text sections being in IPA,
         | might give this a much bigger audience. Many people are often
         | in meetings where they don't know how to pronounce the names of
         | meeting participants - would be really great to have an ASCII
         | based IPA notation.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-SAMPA
        
           | bradrn wrote:
           | This would be a bad idea, due to inter-dialectal variation.
           | As I said in an earlier comment
           | [https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27070624]:
           | 
           | > Phonetic spelling is useless when you've got more than one
           | dialect. For instance, consider the word 'castle'. Is this
           | [kaesl], or [ka:sl], or [ka:su] (as it is for me), or
           | something else entirely? Having an orthography which is not
           | purely phonetic avoids this problem.
        
       | jollybean wrote:
       | Question for someone knowledgeable - why doesn't Chinese
       | transliteration make rational use of vowels and consonants?
       | 
       | Why Q? Why not simply 'Ch'?
        
         | kleton wrote:
         | In the older Wade-Giles system, they indeed tried to maintain
         | some similarity with how English uses the Latin alphabet. Ch
         | was used, for example Ssu-ma Ch'ien, which is now Sima Qian.
         | Using Latin q for a ch sound isn't unheard of in European
         | languages, for example, in Albanian. Mandarin pinyin is
         | "rational" in the sense that any other language with phonemic
         | values for the Latin alphabet widely divergent from Latin or
         | English, like Turkish, Albanian, or Irish.
        
         | physicles wrote:
         | As always, "rational" is subjective. Pinyin, the
         | transliteration scheme in use in this post (in use in the PRC
         | since the 50s or so), is necessarily full of trade-offs.
         | 
         | Ch is already needed to represent a sound which is much closer
         | to the English "Ch", as in Chen. But then there is this other
         | sound, which sounds superficially like Ch to a non-native
         | speaker, but actually is quite different (and if you mix them
         | up, you might not be understood by a native speaker). What
         | letter do you use for that?
         | 
         | Originally people used Ts, as in Tsingtao the beer, named for
         | the city on the coast (but that wasn't perfect either, because
         | the sound also has very little in common with T). Then in the
         | 50s Pinyin came along and it was changed to Q, so Qingdao (the
         | final consonant was changed too).
         | 
         | Btw this change in transliteration schemes is why Peking Duck
         | is still a thing: even though the city's name is now spelled
         | Beijing, the old spelling of Peking lives on in the name of the
         | dish (and a few other places).
        
         | bdon wrote:
         | It does use almost all vowels and consonants. "Ching" CHIENG is
         | a technically valid syllable in the Pinyin system but does not
         | correspond to any word in the dictionary.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | > "Ching" CHIENG is a technically valid syllable in the
           | Pinyin system
           | 
           | No, it isn't; "ch" cannot be followed by a front vowel.
           | 
           | There are plenty of theoretically-valid but nonexistent
           | syllables such as seng or nu, but "ching" is not such a
           | syllable.
        
             | bdon wrote:
             | Yes, I mean that it is a valid syllable in the orthography
             | rules but that does not imply it can be pronounced
             | sensibly.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | But it isn't a valid syllable in the orthography rules.
               | Pinyin has a set of syllable onsets and a set of rimes.
               | You determine the spelling of a syllable by choosing the
               | onset/rime combination you want and looking it up in a
               | table. Thus, the spelling of n-/-u is "nu", and the
               | spelling of [?]-/-u is "yu". Same syllable column; zero
               | characters in common in the spelling.
               | 
               | And if you look up ch-/-ing, the table will tell you "no
               | such syllable", just like it will for "m-/-iang" or
               | "h-/-weng".
               | 
               | All three of those are invalid in terms of orthography --
               | the standard specifically defines that there is no way to
               | spell them. But "miang" is perfectly valid conceptually,
               | and "ching" isn't even that.
        
               | bdon wrote:
               | So by your definition, are "biang", "kiang" and "duang"
               | valid pinyin, considering those are pronounceable and
               | understandable to millions of people, though they don't
               | appear in your table?
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | Not being defined by "the Pinyin system", they cannot be
               | valid elements of the Pinyin system.
               | 
               | I know that biang is the name of a particular noodle; I'm
               | not aware of kiang; and I believe that duang is a sound
               | Jackie Chan made once. Which leads into a tangential
               | question -- "duang" has no meaning. What would it mean to
               | say it is "understandable" to millions of people?
        
               | bdon wrote:
               | A cursory search of media published in the last month
               | [1][2] shows those can be used to productively
               | communicate in Chinese languages. You can argue that it
               | is outside of what is prescribed in a table, but if not
               | Pinyin, then what writing system is being used here?
               | 
               | [1]
               | http://finance.eastmoney.com/a/202107151999911843.html
               | [2] https://www.marieclaire.com.tw/lifestyle/art/58762
        
         | Clewza313 wrote:
         | Chinese has both, and they're different sounds: ch [tsk] vs q
         | [tck]. Unfortunately the Chinese "q" doesn't exist in English,
         | so "ch" is the closest approximation.
         | 
         | https://www.fluentinmandarin.com/content/break-through-chine...
        
         | legerdemain wrote:
         | Because the standard transliteration used for Mandarin (pinyin)
         | already has a CH. Q sounds similar, but not identical to CH.
         | Similar enough that "just pronounce Q as CH" is ok advice,
         | different enough to make a huge difference when actually
         | speaking Mandarin.
        
         | hermannj314 wrote:
         | I am no expert, I asked the same question.
         | 
         | It seems this system is the Pinyin system common to mainland
         | China, there are other transliteration systems used in Taiwan
         | (Bopomofo) and Wade-Giles (which seems to create more
         | phonetically obvious transliterations).
         | 
         | This link has a nice table in the symbology section.
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bopomofo
        
           | legerdemain wrote:
           | Bopomofo is not a transliteration system. It's a phonetic
           | spelling system used to teach reading to young children in
           | Taiwanese schools. The characters it uses are not meaningful
           | outside of Taiwan.
        
             | bdon wrote:
             | There are plenty of other uses of Bopomofo: 1) as a faster
             | electronic input method for Mandarin and other Chinese
             | languages 2) in casual or abbreviated writing 3) in
             | overseas education
        
             | hermannj314 wrote:
             | Thank you for clarifying.
        
         | tasogare wrote:
         | > why doesn't Chinese transliteration make rational use of
         | vowels and consonants
         | 
         | Usage is way more rational than in English where the number of
         | graphemes and phonemes associations is mind blowing. Save for a
         | few contextual allophones, vowels is very regular, and
         | consonant letters has a 1:1 mapping to consonant which is very
         | rational in pinyin.
        
         | AussieWog93 wrote:
         | Chinese has (at least) two different sounds that map to "Ch" in
         | English. Pinyin has both a "Ch" and a "Q" to capture this
         | nuance. Of course, when you translate it to native English
         | phonemes that difference is lost.
         | 
         | You can listen here:
         | 
         | https://dictionary.hantrainerpro.com/chinese-english/transla...
         | 
         | https://dictionary.hantrainerpro.com/chinese-english/transla...
        
       | LAC-Tech wrote:
       | > The vast majority of Chinese people in the world today writing
       | their names using the English alphabet use a system called Pinyin
       | 
       | Pet peeve of man, but roman script is not the 'English alphabet'.
       | Unless you think people write Spanish in 'English'...
       | 
       | If you want to be super pedantic and say you can write pinyin
       | using the subset of the roman alphabet that English uses, I can
       | in turn be even more pedantic and say Pinyin is meant to be
       | written with tone marks.
        
         | SlapperKoala wrote:
         | Pinyin uses English style punctuation, which is different from
         | what is used in other Latin alphabet languages
        
       | njharman wrote:
       | Why the fuck is "zh" not transliterated into "j" if it suppose to
       | be a Jay sound?
        
         | pierrec wrote:
         | "j" is already used to represent another consonant that
         | arguably sounds closer to Jay (not that it's supposed to
         | specifically match how English uses the Latin alphabet, but in
         | this case it doesn't matter). Both of these consonants could
         | maybe have been represented by "j" since they're always used in
         | different contexts (IIRC), but pinyin avoids writing multiple
         | sounds in the same way.
        
       | secondcoming wrote:
       | Nguyen... I've been told how it's pronouned several times but I
       | always forget.
        
         | ptha wrote:
         | I've heard it's pronounced "Win", but don't take my word for
         | it.
        
       | Kiro wrote:
       | I don't want my name to be pronounced natively outside my native
       | language. It would feel strange. I very much prefer the English
       | bastardisation of it, which fits better in an English sentence.
        
       | unsigner wrote:
       | Slavic pet peeve: Ivan is ee-`vahn, not `eye-vun.
        
       | ape4 wrote:
       | Perhaps add the phonetic pronunciation beside the name. Of course
       | people would need to lean the phonetic alphabet.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | robocat wrote:
       | At least English speakers often try to pronounce names correctly,
       | for example celebrities and well known sports stars. Not that we
       | always succeed, and many people don't care! Bach, Cezzane, Jesus,
       | Jahn etcetera.
       | 
       | I notice Spanish people don't seem to try, I think in part
       | because there is a one-to-one correspondence between words and
       | pronunciation in Spanish. The common Spanish pronunciation of
       | Michael Jackson is unintelligible to a native English speaker for
       | example. Pirata Drake was another I didn't recognise, but should
       | have.
       | 
       | If I had more examples of the pronunciation of pinyin names, I
       | would naturally start to pronounce those names more correctly
       | given pinyin.
       | 
       | I suspect many native English speakers grok some of the rules
       | associated with foreign languages without specific training.
        
         | happy_path wrote:
         | Don't know what kind of Spanish speaker you spoke to, but no
         | Spaniard/Latin-American I know would pronounce a famouse people
         | name lke Michael Jackson "wrong".
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | It was in Spain, say 20 years ago, and they pronounced it as
           | though it was Spanish words. I suspect you know a different
           | demographic from that I knew.
        
           | lou1306 wrote:
           | Not the original commenter, but I'll try to explain because
           | something similar happens in Italy as well
           | 
           | It's not a "wrong" pronunciation, but it's clearly influenced
           | by how Spanish/Italian stresses individual letters way more
           | than English.
           | 
           | Let's take Hillary Clinton as another example: Italians
           | pronounce it "Heel-lah-ree Clean-tone" (/'ilari 'klinton/),
           | which is way different from the actual pronunciation.
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | I don't think they pronounce it "Clean-tone", though.
             | Knowing Italian, it's more likely to be Clean-tohn.
        
               | lou1306 wrote:
               | Indeed, it's more like "tohn" (is there any common
               | English word with that sound?)
        
         | ajmurmann wrote:
         | Is this actually true for English speakers? Especially
         | prominent Latin names have been totally butchered. For example
         | Markus Antonius always gets butchered as Mark Anthony which
         | clearly isn't a name anyone in Rome would have had. This also
         | seems to go hand in hand with the general ignorance of the huge
         | problem that's the great vowel shift that messes everything up
         | for native English speakers pronouncing words from other
         | languages.
        
           | dkdbejwi383 wrote:
           | Mark Anthony is a transliteration rather than a
           | mispronunciation is it not?
        
             | seszett wrote:
             | It's more of a translation than transliteration.
             | 
             | Mark and Anthony are just the English translations of
             | Marcus and Antonius. In French he's called Marc Antoine, in
             | Spanish and Italian Marco Antonio, etc.
             | 
             | All Latin languages do that for names (at least historical
             | names, but it's common enough for other names too) it's
             | just less common for Germanic languages except English
             | which is like always a bit in-between the two.
        
           | kingofpandora wrote:
           | No one is reading "Markus Antonius" and pronouncing it as
           | "Marc Anthony".
           | 
           | A few historical figures have Anglicized names for whatever
           | reasons, so we use those.
        
             | robocat wrote:
             | That is some Latin name translation thing. Christopher
             | Columbus (EN), Cristobal Colon (ES), Christophe Colomb
             | (FR), and Cristoforo Colombo (IT) are all Christophorus
             | Columbus (his original Latin name). Edit: the same things
             | happen with Ancient Greek names - one person has different
             | spellings and pronunciations in different languages -- look
             | up He Ma  or sokuratesu.
        
         | dhosek wrote:
         | It varies. The American practice is generally to try and get it
         | horribly wrong. The English practice is to try to get it
         | horribly wrong. In Byron's poem _Don Juan_ , the title
         | character's name is pronounced Don Jew-on. This is, of course,
         | just one example of many.
         | 
         | Assuming you're speaking of Spanish speakers from Spain (and
         | not Latin America), they may be reacting to the customary
         | mangling of Spanish by their UK counterparts. Most of the Latin
         | Americans I've met have no problem with English names. They may
         | say them with some odd vowels on occasion, but they're no
         | unintelligible. It could be heavy exposure to American media.
        
           | gonzus wrote:
           | This reminds me of the movie The Name of the Rose, which I
           | love. One of the characters was named "Jorge", and he was
           | from Spain, so it was really baffling to hear everyone
           | calling him "Yorgeh"... I guess they didn't have anyone on
           | board who knew any better. Still love it.
        
         | yosito wrote:
         | Spanish speakers in the Dominican Republic often leave our S
         | sounds in words, and some do it in foreign names as well. I
         | remember a friend excitedly asking me if I like what I heard as
         | "Brooli". It took me a good 5 minutes to realize that he was
         | asking if I liked Bruce Lee.
        
       | feintruled wrote:
       | Youtube is surprisingly great for this, has a "how to pronounce"
       | video for just about every name going. (Usually more than one, so
       | you can verify).
        
         | morebortplates wrote:
         | It is definitly a good advice to check out more than one source
         | in that regard ;) :
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/d3_DjiLLDfo
        
       | koyote wrote:
       | > For example, in the US, many families that immigrated many
       | years ago have changed the way their name was pronounced from its
       | original heritage pronunciation
       | 
       | As a native German and French speaker, this is actually an issue
       | for me.
       | 
       | If I see a common German or French name, I do not actually know
       | how it would be pronounced in English and it's very difficult for
       | me to guess or get my head to think of that pronunciation in an
       | 'English' way.
       | 
       | This is especially difficult when talking about a third person
       | who you might not know well/at all: "I think a John Dubois, based
       | in the X Office, is tech lead for that service"
        
         | tasogare wrote:
         | Except for obvious cases I go for the French or Alsatian
         | pronunciation and let the person correct me. This is what
         | English speakers are doing too after all. Conversely I don't
         | take it personally when people mispronounce my names (given and
         | family) the first time, especially since the family name is
         | problematic even in France. That being said, it pisses me to no
         | end when someone doesn't make any efforts after a given period
         | of time (like my thesis director who still mispronounce it
         | after 3 years, or can't align few letters properly).
        
         | dhosek wrote:
         | I generally go with a native pronunciation unless told
         | otherwise. So I would pronounce it John Dubwah, but I've
         | learned that it's W.E.B. Du-boys.
         | 
         | But the single most important thing to do is ask how to
         | pronounce and keep trying to get it right. My wife's first name
         | is a Mexican name with an ll in the middle that should be
         | pronounced as j/y (most Spanish speakers don't really hear a
         | difference between the two English phonemes so it's perfectly
         | fine to use either in working towards the correct sound, but j
         | is probably the better choice for most English speakers since y
         | between vowels tends to disappear, at least in Midwestern
         | pronunciation). It's really not a hard name to say, but it does
         | take paying attention for one whole second and remembering
         | something that's not in the standard repertoire of American
         | first names so a huge number of people get it wrong and don't
         | care or say things like, "can I call you -- instead?" (the
         | answer, of course, is NO, what the -- is wrong with you, you
         | lazy twit).
         | 
         | Take the time to learn how people pronounce their names and
         | give them the courtesy of getting it right. I doubt that most
         | Croats, for example, will care if you don't pronounce c and c
         | differently, but if you insist on pretending that either makes
         | a k or s sound, you _will_ annoy them.
        
           | apurtbapurt wrote:
           | So, it is really easy and almost no one manages to do it
           | right even after instructions?
           | 
           | And after failing to do it right after instructions, it is
           | the other people who are arrogant for asking to use something
           | they are able to pronounce, not you for insisting on making
           | them uncomfortable?
           | 
           | Names are just sounds people make when they want someones
           | attention. Respect goes two ways.
        
             | SamBam wrote:
             | The sounds may be easy to pronounce. The people may just
             | not be devoting the attention to remember it. They've been
             | told it's "Isabeya," say, but they just keep forgetting
             | it's not "Isabella."
             | 
             | I would treat this as similar to forgetting someone's name.
             | Yes, plenty of people have a "terrible memory for names,"
             | but at the end of the day it's a matter of respect. If you
             | really care -- if it's someone who's becoming a friend, if
             | it's someone you ought to know for your job, if it's
             | someone who's been introduced to you five times -- it's on
             | you to remember the name, unless you have a genuine
             | neurological condition.
        
             | dhosek wrote:
             | The most basic form of respect is to get someone's name
             | right. Or at least make the effort.
        
       | dynamic_sausage wrote:
       | I've had some luck with looking up name pronunciations on
       | forvo.com. For common names, you can sometimes get several
       | different recordings by native speakers, which may also help with
       | regional variations.
        
       | seventytwo wrote:
       | Pinyin has done more harm than good for translation.
        
       | est wrote:
       | > Zh is like a J sound (as in "Jam")
       | 
       | More like the "dg" sound, as in "Draw"
        
       | rendall wrote:
       | If you speak any non-English language, you will know that this
       | obsession with getting English-language speakers to pronounce
       | foreign words "correctly" is unique. No speaker of any other
       | language in the world even tries to pronounce foreign words like
       | foreigners do, nor are they expected to.
       | 
       | Just pronounce it the way it's spelled, and if you're speaking
       | English, that is the correct way. Join me in my militant quest to
       | aggressively redefine what it means to "correctly" pronounce
       | foreign words in English: go ahead and proudly say "g'nock-chi"
       | for _gnocchi_ and  "buy frost" when you mean the _Bifrost
       | Bridge_.
       | 
       | If someone gives you a hard time, smirk at them for being the
       | unsophisticated provincial they are. "When I speak Japanese, I
       | will say _Kyoto_ with only two syllables, even accent on each.
       | When I speak English, I shall proudly, without shame, pronounce
       | it _KEE-oh-toe_. When I speak Dutch, I will pronounce _Van Gogh_
       | with a soft consonant at the end. While speaking English, it
       | shall remain _van go_. "
        
         | ithinkso wrote:
         | Celebrating incorrectness, eh? Nothing wrong with being wrong,
         | but not willing to learn... I don't know.
         | 
         | > If you speak any non-English language, you will know that
         | this obsession with getting English-language speakers to
         | pronounce foreign words "correctly" is unique
         | 
         | It's not unique, you think is unique because you are English-
         | language speaker. Anyone speaking X natively will correct
         | others learning X if they ask, but they will not mention it or
         | pay attention to it if they are just talking, only encourage
         | it. The proper 'correctness' will come much later when you
         | _really_ want to learn the language but at that point you will
         | ask for the correcting yourself
         | 
         | And if you mean the names of people/places/movies/etc. how can
         | you not be corrected? It's literally the name you are trying to
         | say
        
           | rendall wrote:
           | > _you think is unique because you are English-language
           | speaker_
           | 
           | I am a native English-language speaker, but I speak other
           | languages as well. In all languages, there is exactly zero
           | expectation that speakers will pronounce English words like
           | English-speakers do. Because in all languages, foreign words
           | are remade into native words. As it had been in English until
           | the mid 20th century.
           | 
           | > _And if you mean the names of people /places/movies/etc.
           | how can you not be corrected?_
           | 
           | Not sure what language you speak natively, but no one
           | corrects Italians for saying "Germania" instead of
           | _Deutschland_ , nor Spaniards for saying "Nueva York", nor
           | the French for saying "Angleterre".
        
             | throwaway02824 wrote:
             | > no one corrects Italians for saying "Germania" instead of
             | Deutschland
             | 
             | This is a strawman.
             | 
             | Italian here. I would never dream of using the word
             | "Germania" with someone that does not speak Italian
             | expecting them to understand that it's the Italian way to
             | pronounce Deutschland.
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | Great.
               | 
               | > _I would never dream of using the word "Germania" with
               | someone that does not speak Italian..._
               | 
               | That's the strawman. In the example, we're talking about
               | Italians, speaking Italian, not being corrected for
               | speaking non-Italian words like Italians do.
               | 
               | So, when speaking Italian, if a German insisted that you
               | pronounce his homeland as _Deutschland_ not Germania you
               | would think he was a nut.
               | 
               | So, when speaking English, why would you insist that
               | someone saying "brusheta" is _wrong_? Help me understand.
        
               | throwaway02824 wrote:
               | You are still strawmanning. "Germania" is the Italian
               | name for Germany. It's not a butchering of "Deutschland".
               | 
               | There is an English equivalent for the French "crepe":
               | pancake, and it's OK.
               | 
               | OTOH there isn't an English word "brusheta". It's 100%
               | butchering of the Italian word.
               | 
               | Even worse if you use it in a restaurant and demand
               | native Italian speakers to understand it and refuse any
               | correction.
               | 
               | It's like I call you "rendass".
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | ithinkso wrote:
             | You are being downvoted, as should you, but I still want to
             | answer your questions.
             | 
             | > Not sure what language you speak natively
             | 
             | Polish
             | 
             | >but no one corrects Italians for saying "Germania" instead
             | of Deutschland, nor Spaniards for saying "Nueva York", nor
             | the French for saying "Angleterre".
             | 
             | It's literally the second thing people learn when learning
             | a second language. The first is how to say your name, the
             | second is where are you from. And then you pretend to be
             | from somewhere else and do to the above. After the first
             | lesson of any language the only thing you know is your name
             | and names of other countries lol so I'm not sure what are
             | you talking about
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | > _You are being downvoted_
               | 
               | I am not being downvoted
               | 
               | > _as should you_
               | 
               | Downvotes are for "contravenes guidelines" not "holds
               | opinions with which I disagree"
               | 
               | > _lol so I 'm not sure what are you talking about_
               | 
               | With sincere respect, I think you should take the time to
               | understand my argument instead of assuming it is invalid.
        
         | scaryclam wrote:
         | > If you speak any non-English language, you will know that
         | this obsession with getting English-language speakers to
         | pronounce foreign words "correctly" is unique.
         | 
         | It's really not.
         | 
         | The entire point of language is to be understood by others. If
         | you're unwilling to take any time to find out how to be
         | understood, then you're really just failing at basic
         | communication. It's not up to others to interpret your
         | misunderstanding of how to correctly say something, it's up to
         | you to put some effort into being understood.
         | 
         | And if you're smirking at people instead of taking the
         | opportuinity to learn, well, I wish you all the best in your
         | small minded world.
        
         | bloak wrote:
         | "Just pronounce it the way it's spelled" might make sense in
         | some languages, and it probably makes a lot of sense in
         | Russian, say, where the person who transcribed a name from
         | Latin letters has already decided how it should be
         | (mis)pronounced (though the position of the stress makes a big
         | difference in Russian), but it doesn't make sense in English
         | because the spelling is rather inconsistent even if you're
         | looking just at ordinary everyday words like "machine",
         | "chemical", "bough", "cough", "put", "but", whatever.
        
           | rendall wrote:
           | Yes. This confusion of spellings is due to English having a
           | long history of literacy. The _k_ in _knock_ is silent, but
           | once was pronounced. The pronunciation of _knock_ changed but
           | its spelling did not. Nevertheless, there are historical
           | reasons for these various spellings, its not just
           | "whatever". In any case, these are English words, not foreign
           | words.
           | 
           | English words follow specific conventions. This is why
           | English speakers who read "bruschetta" will not pronounce the
           | _ch_ with a hard _k_ , as Italians do. Unless they are told
           | this pronunciation is "incorrect". If it's really important
           | to bruschetta marketers that English speakers pronounce it
           | the way Italians do, they should consider spelling it using
           | English conventions, eg _brusketa_
           | 
           | As you pointed out, English spelling is confusing. We don't
           | need to add to the cognitive load by insisting that words
           | spelled according to foreign conventions be pronounced that
           | way too
        
             | nautilius wrote:
             | I don't know what conventions that would be, are you
             | familiar with the poem 'The Chaos'?
             | https://ncf.idallen.com/english.html
             | 
             | Just one example" " Just compare heart, beard, and heard,
             | Dies and diet, lord and word, Sword and sward, retain and
             | Britain. (Mind the latter, how it's written.) Now I surely
             | will not plague you With such words as plaque and ague. But
             | be careful how you speak: Say break and steak, but bleak
             | and streak; Cloven, oven, how and low, Script, receipt,
             | show, poem, and toe."
             | 
             | It seems that any English speaker expecting a certain
             | pronunciation from spelling alone would have quite a hard
             | time.
        
             | SamBam wrote:
             | You have it backwards. Pronunciation in English does _not_
             | follow many strict conventions -- and when it does it doesn
             | 't do so consistently -- and it's precisely because it's
             | taken on so many loan-words and kept something close to the
             | original pronounciation.
             | 
             | You suggest "ch" should be pronounced as in "cheese" in
             | English. Well, what about chemistry, christian, school,
             | alchemy, anarchy, anchor, chaos, archeology, echo, and
             | literally hundreds of other words in English with a hard
             | "ch"?
             | 
             | Yes, unless a child is told that pronouncing them with a
             | soft "ch" is "incorrect" they will pronounce all those
             | words incorrectly if they come across them written down.
             | Such is the burden of the English language, the language
             | with the least consistent spelling-to-pronunciation rules
             | on Earth.
             | 
             | Yes, English spelling is not regular. It's mostly from all
             | those loanwords. It's unfortunate, and is the cause of such
             | weirdly quirky Anglophone things such as "spelling tests"
             | in schools, and "spelling bees" where one can win a modicum
             | of fame and money -- they don't have this in other
             | alphabetic languages. But's it's the way it is and refusing
             | to pronounce words correctly isn't taking some kind of
             | principled stand.
             | 
             | (Or should we say, for all those, "If it's really important
             | to schoolteachers that English speakers pronounce it the
             | way Italians do, they should consider spelling it using
             | English conventions, eg skool"?)
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | > _refusing to pronounce words correctly_
               | 
               | That's skewing the argument. The discussion is "should
               | English speakers be expected to pronounce foreign words
               | as they are pronounced in the original language"?
               | 
               | Not "pronouncing words as foreigners do is the correct
               | pronunciation when speaking English"
               | 
               | Despite the stereotype, it's not Americans running around
               | telling foreigners how to pronounce English words in
               | their native tongue. No American tells Poles how to
               | pronounce New York nor Yoruba how to pronounce jazz nor
               | Italians how to pronounce pepperoni.
        
               | SamBam wrote:
               | > Despite the stereotype, it's not Americans running
               | around telling foreigners how to pronounce English words
               | in their native tongue.
               | 
               | This seems to be the root of your annoyance, but it's
               | also false. If an Italian said "President Bee-den" there
               | would be plenty of Americans falling over themselves to
               | let them know that it's pronounced "Bye-den." I've been
               | there. I've experienced it.
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | Were they speaking Italian at the time, or English?
        
               | SamBam wrote:
               | It doesn't matter, they'd try to pronounce it correctly.
               | 
               | This whole thing is a strange strawman regarding your
               | belief that other cultures pronounce things however that
               | spelling would be pronounced in their country, but
               | there's simply no citation for that.
               | 
               | You brought up the pronunciation of "gnocchi." I have
               | heard French people pronounce it while speaking French (I
               | have travelled in France a lot). They pronounce it as the
               | Italians do, while speaking French.
               | 
               | How did they learn that? If a French kid saw the word
               | spelled out the first time, and hadn't been taught
               | Italian, they'd have no idea what to do with that "ch."
               | (The "gn" would have been less confusing.)
               | 
               | Yet they _did_ pronounce it correctly, because, like most
               | words, the word would generally have been learned orally.
               | And if some French school kid started saying  "gno-shi,"
               | his peers would have corrected them.
        
               | rendall wrote:
               | > _It doesn 't matter_
               | 
               | That is exactly the entire point. I dispute the idea that
               | "correctly" means what you say it means.
               | 
               | If Italians collectively decided that "be DEN" was the
               | correct Italian pronunciation of the American name Biden,
               | it's arrogant to tell them "No, when speaking Italian,
               | you must say BYE den"
               | 
               | If you can agree with that even a little bit, then you
               | agree a little bit with my larger point.
        
         | throwaway02824 wrote:
         | > No speaker of any other language in the world even tries to
         | pronounce foreign words like foreigners do
         | 
         | [citation desperately needed]
         | 
         | I'm a mothertongue Italian speaker. Never in my life I heard
         | someone pronouncing "Bill Gates" or even "Google" with the
         | Italian grammar/pronunciation rules.
         | 
         | People would routinely ask how to pronounce foods in a Japanese
         | or Chinese restaurant. Or thank the waiter/waitress for
         | correcting them.
         | 
         | > If someone gives you a hard time, smirk at them for being the
         | unsophisticated provincial they are.
         | 
         | This is incredibly arrogant.
        
           | SamBam wrote:
           | I absolutely agree, parent comment is completely incorrect.
           | 
           | Growing up as an American in Italy, people would frequently
           | try to pronounce my family's names correctly. They _wouldn
           | 't_ simply say the word as if it were an Italian word.
           | 
           | Same for any other name. They pronounce president Biden as
           | Americans would, they don't say "Bee-den" as they would of
           | the word were Italian.
           | 
           | Ditto for non-English foreigners coming to Italy. Does GP
           | really think that the Spanish and the French say "guh-nocci"
           | for gnocchi? They don't have the "gn" digraph any more than
           | English does, yet they all pronounce it correctly.
           | 
           | The _word_ is the same world-round. Just because it 's
           | uncommon enough that each language hasn't bothered to give it
           | is own spelling ( _noci_ in Spanish, maybe, _nhoci_ in
           | Portuguese, _nioki_ in English) doesn 't suddenly mean the
           | word changes in other languages.
        
           | rendall wrote:
           | > _Never in my life I heard someone pronouncing "Bill Gates"
           | or even "Google" with the Italian grammar/pronunciation
           | rules._
           | 
           | But if you native Italian speakers did happen to pronounce it
           | "gah-tes" or "googleh" or whatever _while speaking Italian_ ,
           | Americans would not insist that Italians are pronouncing it
           | _wrong_. They would just say that 's how Italians pronounce
           | it.
           | 
           | By contrast, if a native English speaker pronounces an
           | Italian word according to how it's spelled according to
           | English conventions (we're using "bruschetta" as the example,
           | so, as BREW-shet-uh), _while speaking English_ an Italian
           | will insist that this pronunciation is _wrong_.
           | 
           |  _> > If someone gives you a hard time, smirk at them for
           | being the unsophisticated provincial they are.
           | 
           | > This is incredibly arrogant._
           | 
           | I was making a joke. Probably didn't land well with those who
           | disagree with me.
           | 
           | It might be a cultural difference, but it strikes me as
           | incredibly arrogant to tell people who are speaking their own
           | native language that they are pronouncing a word wrong simply
           | because it originated in your native language and they don't
           | pronounce it like you do.
           | 
           | e.g https://youtu.be/rHBFt11zz7U
        
             | throwaway02824 wrote:
             | > But if you native Italian speakers did happen to
             | pronounce it "gah-tes" or "googleh" or whatever while
             | speaking Italian, Americans would not insist that Italians
             | are pronouncing it wrong.
             | 
             | Of course the would. And I can ensure you other people from
             | Italy would correct someone that say "gah-tes". When
             | politicians are caught speaking terrible English they
             | quickly turn into memes on social networks and are mocked a
             | lot.
             | 
             | You are being dishonest here.
             | 
             | >> This is incredibly arrogant.
             | 
             | > I was making a joke. Probably didn't land well with those
             | who disagree with me.
             | 
             | I don't believe you. You keep moving the goal posts.
        
         | nautilius wrote:
         | >If you speak any non-English language, you will know that this
         | obsession with getting English-language speakers to pronounce
         | foreign words "correctly" is unique. No speaker of any other
         | language in the world even tries to pronounce foreign words
         | like foreigners do, nor are they expected to.
         | 
         | Oh boy, generalize much?
         | 
         | If I had a dime every time an American explained to me how to
         | properly pronounce Porsche, Adidas, Bach, etc....
        
           | rendall wrote:
           | Americans drive this too. If you read carefully I didn't say
           | we don't.
        
             | nautilius wrote:
             | You wrote "Despite the stereotype, it's not Americans
             | running around telling foreigners how to pronounce English
             | words in their native tongue."
             | 
             | Sure, technically 'Americans running around telling
             | foreigners how to pronounce their own words in their native
             | tongue.' is different, but it seems an even lower
             | threshold.
        
         | jpxw wrote:
         | Agreed. Changing pronunciation mid-sentence to a language you
         | don't even speak is very difficult, and in any case comes off
         | as pretentious.
         | 
         | Non-native speakers will be used to the English pronunciation,
         | even if it's wrong. If you try and pronounce the name
         | "correctly", the chances are you'll mess it up and cause even
         | more confusion.
        
           | rendall wrote:
           | q.v.: The guy who over pronounces foreign words
           | 
           | https://youtu.be/fKGoVefhtMQ
        
       | wodenokoto wrote:
       | > The way English speakers say Tokyo as 'Toh-Kee-Oh' is the
       | mistake you want to avoid here. Toh-kyoh.
       | 
       | I once came across a "how to speak English like a native" video
       | on YouTube aimed at a Japanese audience. It spend a lot of time
       | teaching the viewer to say Tokyo with 3 syllables instead of 2.
        
         | wccrawford wrote:
         | Which is funny, because pronouncing it correctly doesn't cause
         | any confusion. I've been learning Japanese for like 10-15 years
         | now and that has changed my pronunciation of Tokyo, and nobody
         | is confused when I say it correctly. They never even try to
         | correct their pronunciation, but I take that as further
         | evidence that they don't even hear anything different.
        
       | scanny wrote:
       | A Canadian journalist and youtuber covered this same topic
       | recently in a decent amount of depth, I found it a decent watch:
       | 
       | Title: "The Impossible Challenge of Names"
       | 
       | subtext: "Foreign names are the biggest challenge of language,
       | and it doesn't seem like we've ever come up with any good way of
       | dealing with them -- though some western countries have been
       | trying."
       | 
       | Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bx7cIb1IRLc
        
       | mikkelam wrote:
       | As a guy with a name that's hard for everyone except my
       | nationality, I don't really mind much. People are not doing it to
       | be assholes, sometimes it's just hard to make certain sounds, if
       | they're not part of your language.
        
       | yoz-y wrote:
       | I don't care how you pronounce my name at all. However I do care
       | about how people write it - if they have a way of knowing the
       | correct spelling. I find it quite baffling that some people don't
       | even bother to look at the signature, much less copy paste it.
       | 
       | Making people who dwell upon pronunciation is harder. The article
       | misses half of the story by ignoring Chinese tonalities. Also in
       | my experience many sounds from Eastern European languages are
       | indistinguishable by some non-practitioners. (E.g. a difference
       | between a "n" and "n" is seldom heard by the French)
        
       | Symmetry wrote:
       | Another aspect of pronouncing Japanese names is paying attention
       | to how long you're supposed to hold a syllable. I knew a Japanese
       | researcher named Yuuki (moderately common Japanese name meaning
       | "courage") who was bothered by people always calling him Yuki
       | (common girl's name meaning "snow") so he just went by a chosen
       | English name.
        
       | prvc wrote:
       | One thing that has puzzled me about complaints about English
       | speakers' pronunciation of transliterated Chinese words (the only
       | topic of TFA), is why the speaker is blamed rather than the
       | transliteration. If the official transliteration into the Roman
       | alphabet leads to less accuracy in pronunciation than some other
       | (for example see the second vs third columns in the table in
       | TFA), then would it not make better sense for the aggrieved name-
       | holders to adopt a more accurate transliteration instead? Could
       | it be that the transliteration rules which are now standard are
       | not optimally suited to this purpose?
        
         | bdon wrote:
         | There are plenty of other transliteration systems that might
         | lead to more accurate pronunciations for English speakers in
         | particular (as opposed to say, native Russian speakers); see
         | Wade-Giles or Gwoyeu Romatzyh. The factors that led to the
         | current de-facto standard are more related to 20th century
         | history rather than optimizing for the particular use case of
         | reading aloud by non-natives.
        
         | caseyross wrote:
         | Of course.
         | 
         | But the "official" (as you say) transliterations of world
         | languages enjoy wide usage not because they're necessarily the
         | best anyone could come up with --- rather, they just
         | represented the right local maxima at the right time in
         | history.
         | 
         | Displacing those romanization systems with better ones
         | (assuming those exist) would be an uphill battle lasting
         | decades, and I wager there aren't many people who would find
         | that struggle worth the effort.
        
           | usrusr wrote:
           | Particularly when the dominant language that uses roman
           | letters is lacking a consistent alphabetic encoding system
           | itself. Before you start replacing pinyin, you might want to
           | take a long, critical look at how English is written.
        
         | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
         | I'm always puzzled by certain British imperial transliteration
         | schemes that seem to do their best to set you up for failure
         | and embarrassment.
         | 
         | Apparently "Burma" is supposed to be pronounced in a non-rhotic
         | fashion, but would it have killed the non-rhotic speakers to
         | write "Bama"? Then the rhotic speakers who form the majority of
         | English speakers would have at least had a fighting chance to
         | get it right.
         | 
         | Another thing is their scattering of seemingly pointless "h"s
         | in their transliteration of Devanagari, which together with
         | "s"s leads many speakers to incorrectly assume a fricative:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8l8x36fjvjk
        
           | squiggleblaz wrote:
           | > Apparently "Burma" is supposed to be pronounced in a non-
           | rhotic fashion, but would it have killed the non-rhotic
           | speakers to write "Bama"? Then the rhotic speakers who form
           | the majority of English speakers would have at least had a
           | fighting chance to get it right.
           | 
           | To be fair, Bama wouldn't be the right pronunciation. The
           | easiest way for an RP speaker to indicate what the right
           | pronunciation should be is to write "Burma". An American
           | might try Buhma.
           | 
           | And your complain about "rhotic speakers" being "the majority
           | of English speakers" could only have been taken into account
           | of the British transliterator had access to a time machine to
           | determine the future.
           | 
           | At the time, a person in the British empire wouldn't have
           | been considering the opinions of an American, because America
           | and Britain had separate spheres of influence and a generally
           | amicable but not integrated existence. To them, RP was the
           | language of the elite and that was all that mattered.
           | 
           | But if they were to consider the situation in America, they
           | would have seen that in America as in Britain, non-rhotic
           | accents were on the rise and were somewhat prestigious. If
           | they were going to consider the future situation of the 21st
           | century globe and how someone might pronounce the word in an
           | American-centred word, it would have been entirely reasonable
           | for them to have supposed it would have been one with a non-
           | rhotic accent.
           | 
           | Another matter you might consider is that a very strict
           | spelling would not necessarily help matters anyway. The J in
           | Beijing is pronounced more-or-less like an English j, but
           | that doesn't stop people from mutilating it into the s of
           | measure. Or the person who responds to you, who observes that
           | "Punjab" should be pronounced roughly like the English
           | spelling should indicate, but which is often pronounced with
           | the u of push instead - both because of a widespread
           | assumption that all words in foreign languages are pronounced
           | like Italian, Spanish or French.
           | 
           | And the final matter, which might hopefully set your blood at
           | some ease, is to note that when a word is borrowed into a
           | foreign language, it is subject to different pressures. You
           | are not obliged to pronounce "Burma" or "Myanmar" the way any
           | particular natives of Burma or Myanmar do. The English words
           | are English words, intended to help English speakers identify
           | a place in a generally non-offensive manner. There will
           | always be variation between the source pronunciation and the
           | destination pronunciation, especially once a few hundred
           | years have intervened, and that's fine. The question is can
           | we all agree that these are suitable words for referring to
           | that country?
           | 
           | English is one language with multiple dialects, so words that
           | enter the language from a certain dialect will reflect that
           | history to a greater or lesser degree. Even when there isn't
           | an "r" in the spelling, Americans still manage to put an r
           | into the pronunciation, as with Goethe or Godel. So to blame
           | the British for unetymological r is just false. Americans do
           | it because they recognise the unity of the language, and
           | they're communicating rather than upholding any particular
           | notion of perfection. It is unreasonable to say that the only
           | reason for the British to do the same is that their life
           | depends on it.
        
           | LordAtlas wrote:
           | OK, I'm Indian and I will stipulate that transliterations of
           | Devanagari are inconsistent, but that guy you linked to is
           | just being a crude racist asshole. (0:39 "and it's so
           | appropriate because she's Indian." Fuck you, Paul Henry!)
           | 
           | In the specific case, her last name would be pronounced
           | "deekshit", with both "d" and "t" being soft like in Spanish.
           | Both those consonant sounds do not exist in standard
           | American/British English.
           | 
           | What is more exasperating to me is that we are not even
           | consistent in English spellings of the same names. For
           | instance, "Sameer" and "Samir" are both pronounced the same
           | but the first is closer to the actual pronunciation.
           | 
           | As far as pronunciation goes, I have made peace with
           | foreigners incorrectly pronouncing sounds that don't exist in
           | their languages, but it bugs me when they can't be arsed to
           | get the syllable emphasis right or when they use the wrong
           | vowel sound even though the correct vowel sound is familiar
           | to them.
           | 
           | Example of #1: A friend of mine is named "Manohar". The
           | syllable emphasis and spelling is: "Muh-NOH-huhr". But his
           | name gets pronounced as "Man-oh-HAAR" in the US. And it's not
           | because he's pronouncing it wrong. Imagine if he pronounced
           | every "Michael" as "Mikhail". People would be pissed.
           | 
           | Example of #2: I can understand them not pronouncing the soft
           | "t" and "d" in "tandoori", but not so much having the first
           | syllable rhyme with "can" instead of "run". Or "Punjab"
           | becoming "Poon-jab" instead of "Puhn-jaab".
           | 
           | Also, #PSA, Hindi does not have the "zh" sound in it, so
           | please stop pronouncing "Raj" as "Razh". Thank you. :)
        
             | OJFord wrote:
             | I'm studying Hindi as a second language, and the
             | inconsistency of transliterations drives me crazy, I'd
             | rather nobody transliterated and just used devanagari if
             | it's not going to be IAST.
             | 
             | Worse, Google has updated the (abc -> hiNdii) keyboard on
             | Android so that in many cases it actually refuses the
             | standard transliterations in favour of popular ones, I
             | assume. And so if you want piitaa you have to type 'peeta';
             | 'piita' won't get it, even if you click the caret for more
             | options.
             | 
             | It also reinforces things like huuN - which I can
             | understand if you're writing by hand, but why wouldn't a
             | digital keyboard input the 'correct' / 'proper' / whatever
             | huuN?
             | 
             | (To write it there I used the direct input method rather
             | than transliteration one, with which afaik it's not
             | possible to write it.)
             | 
             | In fairness to butcherers of Manohar's name though, you
             | really do need to be told/have learnt how the
             | transliteration (IAST or roughly) is supposed to work.
             | Otherwise of course you're going to read it in the language
             | you know.
             | 
             | The trouble is, once you do know, you're left wondering if
             | something is transliterated 'correctly' (in standard as
             | opposed to popular fashion) or English-phonetically...
             | Particularly with vowels: 'e' for example is either 'ay' as
             | in 'pay' or 'e' as in 'pee' accordingly. (The latter
             | 'should' be 'i' or 'ii'.)
        
               | LordAtlas wrote:
               | You have my condolences for Google's nonsense. I have not
               | written anything in Hindi for the past couple of decades,
               | I think, despite growing up in Delhi and speaking the
               | language fluently. All my work communication and
               | conversation with friends is in English. The good thing
               | about Hindi is that if you know the script, it's
               | pronounced exactly as it's written. There are no strange
               | inconsistencies like the monstrosity that is English.
               | 
               | > In fairness to butcherers of Manohar's name though, you
               | really do need to be told/have learnt how the
               | transliteration (IAST or roughly) is supposed to work.
               | Otherwise of course you're going to read it in the
               | language you know.
               | 
               | I have absolutely no ill-will for people who pronounce
               | any language's names solely after reading them. But if
               | you work with someone and they introduce themselves to
               | you, it's just common courtesy to at least make a best
               | effort attempt to get the syllable emphasis and the
               | vowels right. If you _hear_ it and still get it
               | hopelessly wrong, I would be less charitable.
        
             | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
             | > In the specific case, her last name would be pronounced
             | "deekshit", with both "d" and "t" being soft like in
             | Spanish. Both those consonant sounds do not exist in
             | standard American/British English.
             | 
             | So he did get the fricative right after all? The sounds
             | certainly exist, unfortunately there is no unambiguous way
             | of denoting them without resorting to the now archaic "d"
             | and "th".
             | 
             | Could you perhaps shed some light on what a seemingly
             | silent "h" after a consonant really indicates? Take names
             | like "Delhi" and "Bhopal".
             | 
             | > Example of #1: A friend of mine is named "Manohar". The
             | syllable emphasis and spelling is: "Muh-NOH-huhr". But his
             | name gets pronounced as "Man-oh-HAAR" in the US. And it's
             | not because he's pronouncing it wrong. Imagine if he
             | pronounced every "Michael" as "Mikhail". People would be
             | pissed.
             | 
             | I agree that errors in emphasis are far more jarring than
             | errors in sounds, but using the native cognate in the
             | language being spoken of a foreign name in that category is
             | actually very common and often encouraged by the bearer of
             | the name. Perhaps because it has already been mangled so
             | many times since its Hebrew origin through Koine to all the
             | modern languages that use it.
             | 
             | On thing that has always puzzled me is despite of what a
             | dumpster fire Devanagari transliteration to Latin is, it
             | seems to still have a massive buy-in with native speakers
             | online. In places like social media or the Indian channels
             | on the company Slack, it seems more common than actual
             | Devanagari. I see the same pattern with Malayalam being
             | written in Latin rather than its own script. If there's no
             | need to accommodate people who don't know the script, I
             | fail to see the point. I've asked but people usually get
             | very defensive about it. Are they ashamed of having
             | different scripts from the globally dominant one, Latin? I
             | would rather consider it a point of pride.
        
               | LordAtlas wrote:
               | > So he did get the fricative right after all?
               | 
               | Did not sound like that to me. He pronounced "d" and "t"
               | as dd and tt when it should be d and t. I _think_ the
               | first consonant is closer to how you might pronounce the
               | article  "the".
               | 
               | > Could you perhaps shed some light on what a seemingly
               | silent "h" after a consonant really indicates? Take names
               | like "Delhi" and "Bhopal".
               | 
               | Oh boy. OK, "Delhi" is the Anglicised name of the city
               | name, which in Hindi is "Dilli", so it's actually
               | pronounced "Del-hi", hard "D", faint "h". Though it could
               | be clipped to sound just like "deli" depending on whom
               | you're speaking to.
               | 
               | But in cases where it's a transliteration, _usually_ it
               | means that it's an aspirated version of the consonant in
               | question. "Bhopal" is one such instance. The Devanagari
               | script has, for some consonants, multiple versions: soft,
               | aspirated soft, hard, aspirated hard. (I'm not a
               | linguist; there may be better terms for these.) Let's
               | take "d". There's the soft "d" pronounced as Spanish-
               | speaking people pronounce "d". There's a hard "d"
               | pronounced as in "door". Then there's "dh" and "ddh",
               | which are the aspirated forms of the respective letters.
               | 
               | (Google "pronounce Bhopal" and switch to the "Indian
               | English" pronunciation option. I also checked the top 5
               | or so youtube videos and ALL of them are wrong; they have
               | an American pronouncing it. WTF?)
               | 
               | But as I mentioned, our transliteration is not
               | standardised and it's indeed a dumpster fire, so
               | sometimes, the consonant is "ddh", but it's written as
               | "dh" in a word, which does not help things at all.
               | 
               | Want more complications? In South India, "th" is often
               | used instead of "t" in names where there's a soft "t".
               | But it's pronounced exactly the same. [1]
               | 
               | Oh, and Devanagari is a simpler script. Other Indian
               | languages like Malayalam have even more sounds that
               | Westerners have zero hope of pronouncing correctly. Heck,
               | Indians from other states struggle with it.
               | 
               | As for names, you'll find multiple spellings for names
               | that are pronounced the same. I have friends named
               | "Aarti" and they are spelt "Aarti", "Arathi", "Aarthi",
               | and "Arati". A royal mess.
               | 
               | And this is before some idiotic
               | astrological/numerological superstition makes them add
               | unnecessary letters to their names. (Not common, but does
               | happen.)
               | 
               | > In places like social media or the Indian channels on
               | the company Slack, it seems more common than actual
               | Devanagari.
               | 
               | I can only speculate that there are two reasons for this:
               | 
               | 1) PC keyboards in India are English QWERTY and typing
               | regional language text on them is a pain.
               | 
               | 2) The medium of instruction in middle class education is
               | English, so many of us grow up speaking English well. And
               | in some cases like mine, think in English too. As we
               | progress in our careers, communication in the workplace
               | is in English, and writing fluency in native languages
               | decreases. It's just easier to type it out in English. I
               | consume pretty much all my Internet content in English
               | (though I can speak 3 Indian languages), and it bugs the
               | hell out of me too because I have to translate from the
               | weird English transliteration to the native language in
               | my head first. And that's before people use SMS-like
               | contractions for words.
               | 
               | [1] Speculative answers here: https://www.reddit.com/r/in
               | dia/comments/5uwcwi/people_from_s...
               | 
               | This will only make sense to you if you read Hindi:
               | https://qr.ae/pG5zMP
        
               | valarauko wrote:
               | > "Delhi" is the Anglicised name of the city name, which
               | in Hindi is "Dilli", so it's actually pronounced "Del-
               | hi", hard "D", faint "h". Though it could be clipped to
               | sound just like "deli" depending on whom you're speaking
               | to.
               | 
               | To be fair to the English orthography, the English
               | 'Delhi' doesn't come from the Hindi dillii, but rather an
               | anglicization of the Persian dhly when the East India
               | Company arrived, retained in modern Urdu as dhly or
               | 'dehli'.
        
         | fishywang wrote:
         | Do you also blame French system when you mispronounced
         | Guillaume Dubois? Like, French should use a better system to
         | transliterate into Roman alphabet for English pronunciation?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | Pinyin is pretty close. At least it's predictable. Wade-Giles
         | is way off -well, I guess it was based off Cantonese?
         | 
         | In any case, my pet peeve is people expecting speakers of
         | English to accommodate foreign sounds, but not extending the
         | same ask to foreign speakers who often mangle English name
         | sounds just as much.
         | 
         | I say just let them say it however they know how and let it be.
         | I don't mind if they can't pronounce my name well.
         | 
         | But back to pinyin, that was intended as an alphabetic
         | alternative for native Chinese speakers to use instead of
         | logographs/characters. So it's audience wasn't foreign language
         | speakers and thus will have shortcomings for them. This was
         | back when they were tackling illiteracy and pinyin was seen as
         | both potential replacement of characters or at least an aid in
         | learning a simplified version of the original characters.
        
           | Markoff wrote:
           | > In any case, my pet peeve is people expecting speakers of
           | English to accommodate foreign sounds, but not extending the
           | same ask to foreign speakers who often mangle English name
           | sounds just as much.
           | 
           | You fail to understand most of the world use international
           | English where nobody really cares about correct
           | pronunciation, but about understanding each other and only
           | small minority of English users are nowadays native English
           | speakers, one could say it's questionable nowadays what is
           | the correct pronunciation (intended original use changed), so
           | it would be quite foolish to insist on correct pronunciation
           | in international enviroment.
           | 
           | I don't think same can be said about English native speakers
           | who usually don't speak even second language and can't go
           | their way to at least pronounce few names correctly, while
           | rest of the world is learning whole other language, not just
           | pronunciation of bunch of names.
           | 
           | Agreed with your pinyin commnets.
        
           | prvc wrote:
           | >But back to pinyin, that was intended as an alphabetic
           | alternative for native Chinese speakers to use instead of
           | pictogram/characters. So it's audience wasn't foreign
           | language speakers and thus will have shortcomings for them.
           | 
           | Yes that makes sense, and is reasonable. But the expectation
           | for all foreigners to be familiar with it is not.
        
             | dirkt wrote:
             | But I'd say the expectation that professionals who have to
             | pronounce Chinese names pretty frequently, like those who
             | do announcements at an airport, or newscasters, could spend
             | the time to familiarize themselves with it IS reasonable.
        
               | carlmr wrote:
               | I agree, it's crazy how often the news talk about China
               | nowadays and almost nobody pronounces the names
               | correctly.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | It's not a big deal. Watch some news in Chinese and
               | you'll hear similar butchering.
               | 
               | It's so exaggerated US cities are given totally different
               | names in Chinese -there is little resemblance to the
               | North American name of the city.
        
               | carlmr wrote:
               | That's true, although in Chinese these are official
               | transliterations as Hanzi.
               | 
               | I think if someone says Milan in English instead of
               | Milano it's fine because the city has an English name as
               | well.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | Right, often what they do is they try to find "close"
               | syllables. Close is the wrong term as some are not close
               | at all. Vancouver and Philadelphia for example.
               | 
               | It's like taking Milano and cutting it up into Mil + Ano
               | and saying, hmm, in English the closest syllables are
               | approximately Mill + Anus, we'll call it Millanus, oh,
               | but that's got a word we should avoid so let's call it
               | MillLand.
               | 
               | The point is, it's not wrong or bad for (any) people to
               | get foreign words wrong when they pronounce them.
        
           | darkwater wrote:
           | > In any case, my pet peeve is people expecting speakers of
           | English to accommodate foreign sounds, but not extending the
           | same ask to foreign speakers who often mangle English name
           | sounds just as much.
           | 
           | Sorry... what? Us non native speaker live in a world where
           | English is taught in almost any school on the planet and
           | where you have a peer pressure to know and speak decently
           | English. This on top of one of the most irregular languages
           | in the world wrt pronunciation of dictionary words, let alone
           | names.
           | 
           | PS good luck getting right Greenwich, for example.
        
             | 22c wrote:
             | As a native English speaker, for the most part I typically
             | know what someone means when they say "gl-OW-kester square"
             | or "Green-witch mean time", so don't worry about it.
             | 
             | I have a Russian friend who has specifically asked me to go
             | out of my way to correct their mispronunciations, but for
             | the most part if someone says an English word in a weird I
             | don't even blink.
             | 
             | I'd say part of being an effective English communicator is
             | not just about speaking English, but also about being able
             | to understand foreign English accents (and I include
             | different dialects of native English in that as well).
        
               | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
               | > I have a Russian friend who has specifically asked me
               | to go out of my way to correct their mispronunciations,
               | but for the most part if someone says an English word in
               | a weird I don't even blink.
               | 
               | Yes, English has so many weird native dialects that weird
               | foreign pronunciations shouldn't throw you off either.
               | 
               | The Finns seems obtuse in their insistence on using
               | Finnish phonology when speaking English, which is easy to
               | make light of on the surface, but when you think about it
               | it's not actually a bad system. It's consistent, easy to
               | understand and it lets them focus on gaining fluency over
               | memorising pointless irregular pronunciations.
        
               | neltnerb wrote:
               | English is also unusually flexible, something I noticed
               | abroad. In English you can do ridiculous wrong things and
               | still create something that a skilled listener can easily
               | understand. Subject and verb all you know? Eh, I can
               | guess from context.
               | 
               | Try putting the subject and verb in the wrong order in
               | Japanese or forget your counter particle for a particular
               | kind of counting and you just get blank stares.
               | 
               | I think that English, for its many faults, is at least
               | extremely error tolerant in terms of it being possible to
               | say something that's comprehensible enough dozens of ways
               | and often with words practically in random order. It's
               | probably the most amazing thing about English to me,
               | although I only know a few other languages they are much
               | more strict.
        
               | Zababa wrote:
               | I think you have to understand that "international
               | English" is not the same as English. We have the same
               | thing in France where lots of people come to study from
               | other countries where they speak French, and their French
               | is a little different. I'm not going to waste anyone's
               | time on correcting someone because they said "le table"
               | and not "la table". Same thing with the pronunciation. I
               | can understand them, they can understand me, and that's
               | what matters. That's the "price" of having a huge
               | influence in the world.
        
           | gurkendoktor wrote:
           | Pinyin is predictable if you memorize every single syllable
           | that exists, it is not logical on a letter-by-letter basis.
           | 
           | For example, "liu" should be pronounced "liou" and "shui"
           | should be pronounced "shuei", but the "o" and "e" are omitted
           | in Pinyin for brevity. Similarly, the "u" in lu and mu is
           | different from the "u" in "ju" and "qu"; the latter is
           | actually "ju" and "qu" as in "nu" and "lu", again the
           | diareses are omitted purely for the convenience of the
           | writer. The "a" in "yan" and "ya"/"yang" is completely
           | different, etc.
           | 
           | I like Pinyin as a reasonably concise input method, but it's
           | not great for romanizing names.
        
             | iflp wrote:
             | > liu" should be pronounced "liou" and "shui" should be
             | pronounced "shuei"
             | 
             | This is nuanced: in some cases it's omission for brevity
             | [1] and in other cases it's how the phonemes sound 100
             | years ago [2]. And if you pronounce them fast enough there
             | isn't much difference.
             | 
             | The omitted diaeresis is certainly for brevity, although
             | using v is more common to me.
             | 
             | [1]: https://www.zhihu.com/question/26010099 [2]:
             | https://www.zhihu.com/question/313646560
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | Probably you speak more Chinese than I do, but as I
             | understand it, you don't have to memorize the syllables,
             | just the 22 (?) onsets and 17 (?) vowel+codas, same as in
             | bopomofo, just more sneakily. Plus nu and lu, I guess. But
             | that still means memorizing 41 pronunciations instead of
             | the 374 you suggest. Is that right, or is the situation far
             | more complicated than it appears?
        
               | gurkendoktor wrote:
               | I've never learned bopomofo in earnest, and for pinyin I
               | just memorized everything that felt like an exception to
               | me, even though it might have some internal logic. For
               | example, I guess that the "a" in "yan" is different from
               | "lan" because "yan" is its own coda, whereas "lan" is "l"
               | + "an"?
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Hmm, I don't know.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | Pinyin is not a transliteration into English, it's a way to
         | write Chinese using the latin alphabet. Learning how to
         | pronounce Pinyin is no difference than learning how to
         | pronounce French or German text.
         | 
         | So when you say " _why the speaker is blamed rather than the
         | transliteration_ " it's like saying " _why the English speaker
         | is blamed rather than the French spelling_ " about an English
         | speaker having problems pronouncing a French word.
        
         | AYBABTME wrote:
         | In some place, the transliterated rules aren't up to the name
         | bearer. There's official rules and when you apply for
         | international documents, the government decides how your name
         | looks like in romanized form.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | cabalamat wrote:
         | > If the official transliteration into the Roman alphabet leads
         | to less accuracy in pronunciation than some other (for example
         | see the second vs third columns in the table in TFA), then
         | would it not make better sense to adopt a more accurate
         | transliteration instead?
         | 
         | Can't be done. The Roman alphabet is a pretty good alphabet for
         | Latin, but it isn't for Chinese, which has different sounds
         | than are in Latin (or English).
         | 
         | For example, stop consonants in English have a voiced-unvoiced
         | distinction: /p b t d k g/
         | 
         | Latin is similar: /p b t d k g kw gw/
         | 
         | Chinese is totally different. Instead of a voiced-unvoiced
         | distinction, it has aspirated-unaspirated: /p ph t th k kh/
         | (with the h denoting an aspirated stop).
        
           | akersten wrote:
           | Is there a resource (maybe with sound samples) that expands
           | on the voiced/unvoiced vs aspirated/unaspirated distinction?
           | It sounds fascinating, but I'm struggling to conceptualize it
           | just with the text here.
        
             | ylyn wrote:
             | Compare the t in 'stellar' vs the t in 'tell'.
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | What's the difference between the t in 'stellar' vs the t
               | in 'tell'? I seem to pronounce them identically,
               | dictionary pronunciation guides (https://www.oxfordlearne
               | rsdictionaries.com/definition/englis... and https://www.o
               | xfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/englis...) do
               | not make a distinction..
               | 
               | [edit] ah, one (!) of the two "tell" audio recordings in
               | that dictionary seems to pronounce it in a different way
               | that would illustrate the aspiration, but that seems
               | different to how I've usually heard 'tell' being
               | pronounced.
        
               | bjowen wrote:
               | This is so hard to explain in text, given the variation
               | of English accents and that aspiration is not meaningful
               | in English. For my regional speech, the strongest
               | difference would be something like the difference between
               | the /k/ sounds in "kale" and "scale". Nothing to do with
               | my feelings for the vegetable, but it gets an extra
               | scornful bit of turbulence.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Are you a native English speaker? It's common for native
               | speakers to be pretty deaf to the differences between
               | allophones. Try recording yourself in Audacity saying
               | "Tell the stellar tart to start stewing a tall stall
               | too," then highlight the two "tell" sounds and listen to
               | them repeatedly. Also the two "tart" sounds, the two
               | "too"/"tew" sounds, and the two "tall" sounds. Maybe
               | you'll be able to hear the puff of white noise that's
               | missing in "stellar", "start", "stew", and "stall".
               | That's the aspiration.
        
               | elros wrote:
               | Both recordings of the "tell" word exhibit aspiration. I
               | guess it is perhaps more noticeable to me because I'm
               | quite well-versed in phonetics.
               | 
               | A common way of illustrating aspiration is: hold a sheet
               | of paper in front of your mouth (or your hand), as you
               | say the words. "tell" will give you a noticeable puff of
               | air as it leaves the mouth, as opposed to "stellar",
               | which won't.
               | 
               | Maybe these recordings are helpful to you: https://en.wik
               | ipedia.org/wiki/Aspirated_consonant#Allophonic
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | Thanks, that was helpful, I seem to get the difference
               | now - just the "tell" example wasn't working as I
               | (apparently unlike most English speakers) seem to
               | pronounce that word with an unaspirated t.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | retrac wrote:
             | The Wikipedia articles on it might be approachable for a
             | layperson with no particular background. I studied some
             | linguistics in university and it's a hobby interest so I
             | can't really judge that anymore. The articles have plenty
             | of sound examples.
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirated_consonant
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)
             | 
             | English actually has all the relevant sounds in most
             | dialects so I will try to explain in it reference to that.
             | Most English dialects have environments where consonants
             | are reliably aspirated, or not, depending on their voicing
             | and surrounding environment. Unvoiced stops (p/t/k) in
             | isolation "pat" or "cap" are moderately aspirated. Voiced
             | stops (b/d/g) are not like "dog" or "bad". (Leaning on this
             | pattern as a partial hack using a feature common in a lot
             | of European languages, is why p and b are what they are in
             | Pinyin, and many other Chinese romanizations.)
             | 
             | In principle, if your dialect does not have a length
             | contrast for /ae/ after a voiced consonant (many do though
             | including mine, making the vowel longer in that
             | environment, so you'll have to try to say them with equal
             | vowel length) then "pap" and "bab" (to rhyme with cap and
             | cat) when whispered (no vocal chord movement, so all
             | equally unvoiced) should be differentiated only by
             | aspiration similar to Mandarin's p/b difference. Though
             | aspiration is Mandarin is a bit more forceful.
             | 
             | As an aside, most people can hear the difference between
             | those words when whispered, hearing a voiced or unvoiced
             | consonant, based solely on the aspiration hint. Phonetic
             | interpretation is a strange and subtle thing. And voicing
             | in Mandarin? It plays the inferior role to aspiration's
             | main starring role, a role reversal of the English
             | arrangement.
        
               | cabalamat wrote:
               | > Unvoiced stops (p/t/k) in isolation "pat" or "cap" are
               | moderately aspirated. Voiced stops (b/d/g) are not like
               | "dog" or "bad". (Leaning on this pattern as a partial
               | hack using a feature common in a lot of European
               | languages, is why p and b are what they are in Pinyin,
               | and many other Chinese romanizations.)
               | 
               | Some languages, such as Hindi, have both the
               | voiced/unvoiced and aspirated/unaspirated distinction, so
               | they have 4 consonants (/t d th dh/) where English only
               | has two (/t d/).
               | 
               | Hindi also has retroflex equivalents of those 4
               | consonants, and there are minimal pairs between all 8 of
               | them. A typical English speaker would struggle to tell
               | the difference between them.
               | 
               | For these sorts of reasons, a Romanisation of names in
               | different languages that (1) is easy to pronounce for
               | English speakers, and (2) sounds like the word in the
               | original language, is going to be a tall order.
        
         | Clewza313 wrote:
         | Pinyin was not designed as a system for making it easier for
         | English speakers to pronounce Chinese, but as a way for native
         | Chinese speakers to write their own language. During the early
         | years of the revolution in China, there were proposals of
         | various levels of seriousness to ditch characters entirely in
         | favor of a Latin script like pinyin, and this actually happened
         | in Vietnam.
         | 
         | Wade-Giles, an earlier system of transliterating Chinese, was
         | designed more with English speakers in mind, but suffered from
         | a number of problems of its own, particularly requiring
         | apostrophes all over the place.
         | 
         | And in Japan you can still see two competing systems duking it
         | out, with the Japanese-for-Japanese Kunrei system ("Huzi")
         | officially anointed as standard but in practice the Japanese-
         | for-Americans Hepburn ("Fuji") being far more common.
        
           | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
           | Kunrei Shiki is really annoying. Nobody knows how to
           | pronounce Mitutoyo correctly because someone in Japan got
           | scared of the supposed ambiguity caused by "tsu".
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | I recently saw some publicity video _by Mitutoyo America_
             | on YouTube that pronounced it [mitutojou]. All the
             | machinists I watch on YouTube pronounce it [mItsutojou]
             | though.
        
           | prvc wrote:
           | >Pinyin was not designed as a system for making it easier for
           | English speakers to pronounce Chinese, but as a way for
           | native Chinese speakers to write their own language.
           | 
           | In this case, it makes even less sense to blame English
           | speakers for incorrect pronunciations resulting from this
           | system.
        
         | sverhagen wrote:
         | I find the title misleading, as the link is only covering
         | Chinese. But the same problem exists with other languages that
         | are already using the "Roman alphabet". So, with that in mind,
         | what makes you think the transliteration should be optimized
         | for English? :)
        
           | tasogare wrote:
           | Yeah, I was kind of blueballed by the page. Maybe the author
           | expected pull requests for other languages?
        
         | Epenthesis wrote:
         | The goal of pinyin was not to make Mandarin words pronounceable
         | to English speakers, but to be a consistent means of
         | representing the sounds of Mandarin to Mandarin speakers.
        
         | tdeck wrote:
         | I wondered this too when learning Pinyin. I believe the reason
         | is that while Pinyin's X and Q may sound like "sh" and "ch" to
         | English speakers, they are actually different sounds (and
         | contrast with the "sh" and "ch" sounds that also exist in
         | Mandarin). That said, I still wonder why -ui was chosen for
         | "wei", "shi" is pronounced "shr", "-ian" is pronounced "yen",
         | etc...
         | 
         | MPS-II seems much closer to intuitive pronunciation for English
         | speakers, although it never caught on:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Phonetic_Symbols_II
        
           | loycombinate wrote:
           | A Chinese teacher once told me that pinyin is based off
           | Russian
        
             | bmn__ wrote:
             | That's more wrong than correct. There's only one minor part
             | of the design where we can see a relation: Latin _q_
             | resembles Cyrillic _ch_.
        
           | Markoff wrote:
           | > That said, I still wonder why -ui was chosen for "wei",
           | "shi" is pronounced "shr"
           | 
           | Shi is pronounced Shr? That sounds more like your typical
           | pirate Beijing hua. Which can get quite confusing when you
           | get out of Beijing to let's say to Shanghai business trip and
           | you can't figure if something cost 4 or 10 kuai at street
           | vendor (my personal anecdote, I think they actually do it on
           | purpose since normally 4 would have very different sound).
        
           | squiggleblaz wrote:
           | > I believe the reason is that while Pinyin's X and Q may
           | sound like "sh" and "ch" to English speakers, they are
           | actually different sounds (and contrast with the "sh" and
           | "ch" sounds that also exist in Mandarin).
           | 
           | Neither Mandarin sh nor x exist in English. X is sharper and
           | is a little more like shy-, whereas sh is darker and a little
           | like shr-. In reality they both strike English speakers as
           | being quite like sh, because we use the space differently.
           | 
           | I've heard various native English speakers who are fluent in
           | Mandarin saying e.g. Xi as Si. I don't know if there's a
           | dialectal difference in English or in Mandarin or both that
           | accounts for it.
           | 
           | > That said, I still wonder why -ui was chosen for "wei"
           | 
           | It looks better, if you have a certain aesthetic.
           | 
           | > "shi" is pronounced "shr"
           | 
           | As far as I know Mandarin speakers just consider them the
           | same. Pinyin is designed for native speakers.
           | 
           | > "-ian" is pronounced "yen"
           | 
           | The e in Pinyin isn't really the English e sound. It's more
           | like the American short u in fun or the NZ short i in pin.
           | It's not obvious what letter to use to represent that, but e
           | is not completely unreasonable. When they do have an e-sound
           | according to the internal logic of Mandarin, it's a variant
           | of an a-sound.
        
         | phreack wrote:
         | Maybe it's transliterated for a more Latin-like crowd where
         | vowels have exactly one pronunciation, like in languages like
         | Spanish, where reading the second columns as they'd naturally
         | think to, would likely be 95% OK
        
       | pledess wrote:
       | Because of categorical perception (as defined on the
       | https://dictionary.apa.org/categorical-perception page), there's
       | no general agreement on the "correct" way to pronounce a non-
       | English name within English communication to a mostly English
       | speaking audience. Some people argue that the right approach is
       | to always use the closest equivalents within the English phonemic
       | inventory. In this view, it's _incorrect_ to suddenly shift
       | English speech into the phonemic inventory of a name 's origin.
       | Listeners, on average, simply can't and won't hear the name
       | consistently, and thus communication is less effective. The
       | opposite view is that this is just another example of cultural
       | arrogance, and it's best to shift out of the English phonemic
       | inventory whenever that's reasonably possible. (For example, in
       | this view, the shift should occur when a name is part of news
       | coverage, and the speaker had an opportunity to learn the
       | phonemes of the original language in advance.)
       | 
       | This isn't specific to English: it's the general question of
       | whether a speaker _should_ always stay within the phonemic
       | inventory of the communication 's main language.
        
         | tdeck wrote:
         | I see this a lot in with Americans having Polish surnames (or
         | other Slavic). People typically pronounce theirs somewhere on a
         | spectrum between the original and a monolingual english-
         | speaker's attempt to make sense of the letters, so you just
         | have to wait for them to say it. Example: Susan Wojcicki, whose
         | name is apparently pronounced "woh-jisky" but I think in Polish
         | (not a speaker) would be more like "voy-chitsky". This site
         | shows a whole variety of other American pronunciations:
         | https://www.pronouncenames.com/pronounce/wojcicki
        
           | pchm wrote:
           | C in Polish is pronounced as ts/tz and 'ck' is an interesting
           | case in Polish-American surnames: American pronunciation
           | turns 'ck' into 'kk' and Polish speakers will often have a
           | hard time recognizing the original spelling.
           | 
           | Listening to audio mentioning Susan Wojcicki, I could never
           | figure out the spelling of her name... BTW, Polish
           | pronunciation for Wojcicki (notice the 'o') is Vooy-chits-ki
        
           | ithinkso wrote:
           | Susan Wojcicki - polish people would immediately assume it's
           | written online and would correct the surname to Wojcicki
           | because it makes much more sense grammatically speaking and I
           | think that's what it was originally before being anglicized.
           | 
           | Note that 'o' in not a form of 'o' but of 'u' so subsequent
           | pronunciations with 'o' sounds a bit weird for us polish
           | speakers
        
         | jan_Inkepa wrote:
         | I can't think of any examples off-hand right now, but I
         | remember reading an analysis of English where it was talking
         | about using only a subset of its phonetic
         | inventory/phonotactics for foreign words (a bunch being
         | reserved for native words). So even in cases that the English
         | has all the sounds for a word it may not always render them
         | because of the 'foreign word' register.
         | 
         | English-speakers like to struggle with issues of pronounciation
         | of non-native words. Some other languages are just hardcore
         | "naturalize the hell out of foreign words". I personally don't
         | see much of a moral component in English approach. Though I
         | understand that many people are super big on it as indicating
         | respect, for me, I'd never be so arrogant as to judge people of
         | random language X too harshly for only getting a rough
         | approximation of my name, or mapping it to the nearest common
         | name in their language.
        
         | gryson wrote:
         | The article brings up categorical perception when it says one
         | shouldn't assume they are hearing sounds in another language
         | correctly, since our brains will map those sounds to the
         | nearest English equivalent.
         | 
         | What the article is really addressing is how different
         | orthographic romanization systems map to English sounds. It's
         | not advocating (as far as I can tell) that English speakers
         | attempt to produce non-English sounds, which is, as you say, a
         | difficult issue and probably not realistic without phonetic
         | training.
        
           | flyinghamster wrote:
           | > The article brings up categorical perception when it says
           | one shouldn't assume they are hearing sounds in another
           | language correctly, since our brains will map those sounds to
           | the nearest English equivalent.
           | 
           | I've noticed a similar thing with Spanish (my second
           | language). I can kind-of read Portuguese as a side effect,
           | but if I try to listen to spoken Portuguese I find it
           | completely incomprehensible. My auditory circuits just aren't
           | wired for it.
        
         | rlpb wrote:
         | Even within English there are different accents. I'm British.
         | If I meet an American "Annie" then do I put on a faux American
         | accent while saying her name? Or do I just say "Annie" with a
         | British accent? If it's allowed or even expected that I shift
         | "Annie" into my accent, why not a non-English name? What about
         | European names that have English equivalents but are pronounced
         | differently in European languages?
         | 
         | My own name is foreign. Native English speakers cannot
         | pronounce one of the vowels in it, and if they try, they end up
         | using what is to me a different vowel entirely (imagine someone
         | saying "Dive" instead of "Dave"). I gave up when I was about
         | six, and am quite happy for people to use a common, roughly
         | similar English name for me instead. In fact I prefer it, since
         | then I don't have to hear it being mangled constantly.
        
           | neltnerb wrote:
           | I personally think it's entirely fine to switch between
           | accents to try to match the locals, but I get the argument
           | that it's offensive. I think it's unfortunate that this is
           | the perception because I really really really really like
           | phonetics. I'm a singer, this is our bread and butter.
           | 
           | It's frustrating that doing my best to sing with an
           | Australian accent is surely entirely unacceptable in 2021,
           | even if it's an Australian composer and the rhyming scheme
           | makes no sense in an American accent.
           | 
           | At least for some reason it's perfectly fine to use a British
           | accent at all times, even if it's a horrible accent. We
           | almost _always_ sing with a  "British accent" by default
           | because of particular ways it improves the understandability
           | of the words when sung. We tend to only use an "American
           | accent" (and even then, which one right?) when singing Gospel
           | music.
           | 
           | The rules are a little strange and clearly asymmetric in the
           | sense that adopting accents that have historically been over-
           | emphasized or glorified or straight up were the accents of
           | conquering empires is fine while the reverse is not. This is
           | a reasonable guideline, but I admit it feels hollow as
           | someone who simply wants to sing as best I can.
        
             | jan_Inkepa wrote:
             | Good points.
             | 
             | Yeah; it's possibly ironic that a lot of efforts/values in
             | this direction have a strong indirect effect of enforcing
             | the status quo and the cultural norms of the prevailing
             | power. ("It's always ok to wear jeans" is my shorthand).
             | 
             | I remember being surprised at Hugh Laurie's blues
             | recordings. He's the person I can think of off-hand that
             | went all-out on accent while singing with his mother
             | tongue.
             | 
             | OTOH if you go all out and sing in another language it's
             | regarded as ok try to try render things more exactly (But
             | most people make lots of mistakes that native speakers pick
             | up on and so the audience may not enjoy the aesthetic
             | outcome. It's super hard!)
        
               | jan_Inkepa wrote:
               | OTOOH I just recalled the singer John Linnell settling
               | for singing in Latin because of (interpolating his words
               | a little) not wanting to sing badly in a living language
               | ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b7MJ71RPGhU ).
               | 
               | "I'm deeply jealous of people who are fluent in a second
               | language and can apply that skill to their creative work
               | in a way that doesn't seem like cultural appropriation of
               | the most offensive and embarrassing kind" (
               | https://www.openculture.com/2021/07/they-might-be-giants-
               | joh... )
        
           | elros wrote:
           | > (imagine someone saying "Dive" instead of "Dave")
           | 
           | So, an Australian? :D
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | I'm Scottish-American immigrant. Pronunciation is a funny
           | thing.
           | 
           | Marry (tie the knot), Mary (the person), and Merry (happy at
           | Christmas). My parents and I pronounce them differently (mah-
           | ry, mai-ry, meh-ry). My younger sister, who lacks any
           | Scottish accent, pronounces them the same. Same with the
           | woman's name Carrie/Kerrie - same in the US, but subtly
           | different in Scotland.
           | 
           | Then there's the "wh" sound. More of a "hwh" sound vs the
           | American plain-old "w". Lots of teasing from friends when I
           | say white or wheels or which.
           | 
           | This all used to cause good-natured fun for my mom and her
           | peers, as she was an ESOL teacher.
           | 
           | For the most part, I'm just happy if people get my name
           | mostly correct. Alistair shouldn't be that hard, but
           | apparently it is.
        
             | jnwatson wrote:
             | In parts of the American South, "wh" is still pronounced,
             | though it is fading.
             | 
             | The South had a large influx of Scottish immigration
             | 200-300 years ago and it still shows.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | This is very reasonable. But I wonder if there is a word (in
         | any language) for the pointless pleasure of saying a foreign
         | word in the foreign language pronunciation.
         | 
         | And for the pleasure of observing someone mistakenly do so. How
         | many Pauls build a Les Paul?
         | 
         | For my part, even my two syllable first name can be hard for
         | Anglophones, though they are usually very eager to learn how to
         | say it (people are usually very kind). I Postel principle the
         | shit out of it, anyway.
        
           | neltnerb wrote:
           | Cosmopolitan aesthetics would be the root of the phenomena I
           | imagine, if that word doesn't still apply.
           | 
           | I know it was a discussion for many decades about whether a
           | piece of music should be in the original language or the
           | translation. Everyone settled on the original, so we all sing
           | with absolutely atrocious accents in foreign languages as
           | best we can.
           | 
           | I feel like this whole area is a giant minefield for actors
           | now, switching accents for roles is extremely normal. If that
           | is suddenly interpreted as signaling a lack of respect for
           | the real accent of the people they are portraying it makes an
           | awful lot of everything harder.
        
             | flyinghamster wrote:
             | > I know it was a discussion for many decades about whether
             | an piece of music should be in the original language or the
             | translation. Everyone settled on the original, so we all
             | sing with absolutely atrocious accents in foreign languages
             | as best we can.
             | 
             | I can relate to that. Pre-pandemic, I was singing in a
             | community chorus, where we routinely had to sing in
             | languages we don't necessarily speak. Typically, the
             | director would coach us. We had an actual German in the
             | audience one time when we did some Christmas pieces in
             | German, and he told us that we sang the words correctly,
             | but it was still odd to hear German with a Chicago accent.
             | :)
             | 
             | I've heard of one top-level group bringing in a professor
             | to coach Church Slavonic when they did Rachmaninoff's
             | _Vespers_. Since I don't even speak modern Russian, I have
             | no idea how well they did it, but their musicianship was
             | outstanding.
        
               | neltnerb wrote:
               | If you dig into the linguistics for the singing a bit
               | more, it's even more odd. Singing is traditionally done
               | in "High German" so a lot of the pronunciation is as it
               | is supposed to be, but it's not standard modern German.
               | French is even odder, the sung version is quite different
               | from spoken. I have tried simply speaking the poems that
               | were set to music and people who know French have
               | absolutely no idea what I am saying.
        
       | golemiprague wrote:
       | There are so many combinations of native speaker of language x
       | pronouncing a name in language y, not only Americans and Chinese.
       | It is a waste of time and effort trying to learn all those
       | combinations. Much easier to just not be too sensitive when
       | someone misspell it, most people will be polite enough to adjust
       | it if someone feel the need to correct them, which is usually
       | when they develop more than a one time anecdotal encounter.
        
       | flohofwoe wrote:
       | Now try German :) Personally I don't have a problem with foreign
       | speakers butchering my name. And what's the correct pronouncation
       | anyway for a first name that's the French version of a name with
       | Greek origin that seems to be most popular in Russia, and a
       | family name that's an Old-German word for a profession that died
       | out many centuries ago but somehow survived in some backwoods.
        
       | theCodeStig wrote:
       | There seems to be an assumption in this thread, that only
       | American English speakers mispronounce non-English names. I've
       | found the British and Australians, to be equally terrible at
       | this.
        
         | naturalauction wrote:
         | I remember moving to the UK and being shocked at how much some
         | people "butchered" their own names (mostly Indian origin ones
         | in a British accent). I don't even know if that counts as
         | mispronunciation at that point.
        
       | Epenthesis wrote:
       | A good addition might be to point out good first guesses for the
       | vowels in non-English names (Examples used assume a General
       | American accent):
       | 
       | * "A" as in "ah" (like "ah, I see")
       | 
       | * "E" as in "e" in "pet", or the "ai" in "pain"
       | 
       | * "I" as in the "i" in "pit" or the "ea" in "peat"
       | 
       | * "O" as in the "o" in "cot" or the "o" in "cone"
       | 
       | * "U" as in the "u" in "put" or the "oo" in "doom"
       | 
       | (Americans might notice that this approximately reflects the
       | sounds those letters represent in Spanish)
       | 
       | Exception/refinement: If you know the name is from an Indian
       | language, read "a" as the "u" in "putt"
       | 
       | (Edit: Improved the example given for "a")
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | thedravidian wrote:
         | > If you know the name is from an Indian language, read "a" as
         | the "u" in "putt"
         | 
         | Please stop making up stuff like "an Indian language". If you
         | mean Hindi-Urdu and that language family, then just call it
         | that, don't subtly encourage people to think that is the
         | language for all of India.
        
           | Epenthesis wrote:
           | I believe it's true for most of the sprachbund, including my
           | native language Kannada (which is a Dravidian language very
           | much unrelated to Hindi)
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | > Exception/refinement: If you know the name is from an Indian
         | language, read "a" as the "u" in "putt"
         | 
         | Used to be written that way; compare Calcutta -> Kolkata,
         | suttee -> sati.
         | 
         | > (Examples used assume a General American accent that
         | pronounces "cot" and "caught" differently)
         | 
         | In combination with the directive to read "a" as in "caught", I
         | don't know how to take this except as a call to add lip
         | rounding to the pronunciation of foreign "a". But that can't be
         | right?
        
         | qalmakka wrote:
         | Also known as "pronouncing Latin alphabet vowels as in Latin"
         | :)
         | 
         | I like how English managed to offset for his relatively simple
         | grammar by totally destroying its spelling. The whole fact that
         | things like "spelling bees" can exist was very hard to grasp to
         | me as a kid watching stuff dubbed in Italian.
         | 
         | Seven years old me was always very confused by why the kids in
         | TV shows were rewarded for knowing how to spell stuff, which is
         | something every second grader can do in Italy for any arbitrary
         | word. In Italian you just write things the way you hear them,
         | and there's an almost 1:1 strong correspondence between written
         | and spoken language. If you don't know how to write something,
         | you also don't know how to say it.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | They had a crazy vowel shift where vowels, which for example
           | in Romanian are defined as sounds that "stand by themselves"
           | [1] all became 2-sound things.
           | 
           | To make it obvious, I'll use the Romanian spelling for
           | vowels, which is practically Latin (except for "a" which is
           | pronounced "uh").
           | 
           | A became _ei_.
           | 
           | E became _i_ (ok, this one 's the exception, but in practice
           | it's still crazy, "Mercedes" manages to have 3 - three!!! -
           | pronunciations for it).
           | 
           | I became _ai_.
           | 
           | O became _au_.
           | 
           | U became _iu_.
           | 
           | So if you look at them, they're all 2 distinct sounds (ergo
           | the 2 letters in the Romanian spelling, except for E, which
           | is crazy enough anyway).
           | 
           | I'm not counting W, Y and such because I think they weren't
           | used in Latin.
           | 
           | [1] I.e. they're need a single sound to be pronounced, don't
           | need an additional supporting sound.
        
             | qalmakka wrote:
             | Without counting all those circumstances where A is still
             | /a/, u is /a/ or a similar vowel, and so on. Basically,
             | there's nothing that's still pronounced as it should :)
        
         | yesenadam wrote:
         | > "A" as in the "au" in "caught"
         | 
         | Not an expert, but I can't offhand think of a language where
         | this is even approximately how _a_ is pronounced--which ones
         | are you thinking of?
        
           | macdice wrote:
           | Try "ah". This confusion could be caused by the caught-cot
           | merger, possibly in combination with the father-bother
           | merger.
        
             | Epenthesis wrote:
             | Thanks for the suggestion. It was difficult for me to think
             | of an example without resorting to IPA, since my own
             | American accent is fully cot/caught + father/bother merged.
        
           | Epenthesis wrote:
           | * Spanish: "hacer"
           | 
           | * French: "pas"
           | 
           | * Italian: "casa"
           | 
           | * Mandarin (written using pinyin): "bang"
           | 
           | * German: "katze"
           | 
           | * Japanes (written in romaji): "arigato"
           | 
           | * Bahasa Indonesia: "bahasa"
           | 
           | Note that the sounds in these various languages are not
           | _exactly_ the same, but the  "au" in "caught" is the closest
           | sound in the native phonological inventory of a General
           | American speaker (given said speaker pronounces "caught" and
           | "cot" differently).
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | It's worth noting that "given said speaker pronounces
             | "caught" and "cot" differently" is a bit misleading
             | qualifier - there are many who have some difference between
             | "caught" and "cot" (with "caught" being similar to "cot"
             | but longer/smoother, with a clear differentiation), but
             | it's clearly not the sound you intended that would match
             | Italian "casa" and IPA 'a'; so pronouncing "caught" and
             | "cot" differently apparently does not necessarily imply
             | pronouncing "caught" the same way you do.
             | 
             | Also, if I listen to the audio examples at
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cot%E2%80%93caught_merger
             | then it's exactly the other way around, that the "merged"
             | pronunciation seems like an appropriate representation of
             | "a" in words like Italian "casa", with "non-merged"
             | "cought" sounding very different from that?
        
               | Epenthesis wrote:
               | Oh wow, my mistake!
               | 
               | I personally have the merger, and so I misunderstood
               | which direction the split went.
        
           | eliseumds wrote:
           | Apparently there's a subset of American-English speakers that
           | would pronounce "caught" as "kaat". I've always heard it like
           | a longer/smoother "cot" though.
           | 
           | I'd say a good first guess is the "a" in "about" instead.
        
             | dkdbejwi383 wrote:
             | In southern English English, it rhymes with the number 0
             | (nought).
        
               | flyinghamster wrote:
               | That's also how it rhymes in northern Illinois
               | (Chicago/Rockford/Quad Cities). I've never pronounced
               | "cot" and "caught" alike. Using different pronunciations
               | is a pretty good indicator that someone came from the
               | Chicago area.
        
             | _kst_ wrote:
             | Yes, in my dialect of American English (raised in Southern
             | California by parents from the midwest), "cot" and "caught"
             | are pronounced almost identically.
        
               | tkgally wrote:
               | I was also raised in Southern California, and both my
               | sisters and I--all born in the 1950s--have had complete
               | cot/caught merger since childhood. The local friends our
               | age whom I surveyed informally about the distinction in
               | 1975 or so, after I learned about it in a linguistics
               | class in college, also had the merger.
               | 
               | Our parents, who were born in the 1920s, both made the
               | cot/caught distinction. Our mother was from the midwest,
               | but our father grew up in the same Southern California
               | city as we did. This suggested to me that, with respect
               | to at least this one phonemic distinction, our language
               | acquisition was influenced more by our peers than by our
               | parents.
               | 
               | I should note that my sisters and I were initially
               | flabbergasted that anyone pronounced those words
               | differently and had trouble hearing the difference, while
               | our parents were upset to learn that we pronounced them
               | the same.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | ericbarrett wrote:
           | Gotta be careful with "caught":
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cot-caught_merger
        
             | yesenadam wrote:
             | "The _cot-caught merger_ or _LOT-THOUGHT merger_ , formally
             | known in linguistics as the low back merger, is a sound
             | change present in some dialects of English where speakers
             | do not distinguish the vowel phonemes in "cot" and
             | "caught". ...An additional vowel merger, the _father-bother
             | merger_ , which spread through North America in the
             | eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, has resulted today in
             | a three-way merger in which most Canadian and many American
             | accents have no vowel difference in words like "palm" /a/,
             | "lot" /a/, and "thought" /o/."
        
           | JohnHaugeland wrote:
           | Most of New England, as well as much of old England
           | 
           | This too can be looked up
        
       | Causality1 wrote:
       | _The sound most English speakers guess in these cases is to make
       | them sounds like the Zh sound in the middle consonant in the
       | English word "measure"._
       | 
       | Then why the hell do we transliterate that sound as "Zh" instead
       | of J?
        
         | nojs wrote:
         | Not sure of the reason, but worth noting that a good chunk of
         | people in the south of China pronounce it like the English "z".
        
       | mastazi wrote:
       | Four points for Italian:
       | 
       | 1. Vowels are like in Spanish ("a" always sounds "ah" etc.)
       | 
       | 2. The group "ch" sounds like a "k" sound, e.g. bruschetta is
       | "broos-keh-tah"
       | 
       | 3. The groups "gl" and "gn" sound like Spanish "ll" and "n"
       | respectively. Those are hard to pronounce for English speakers,
       | the easy shortcut is just imagine that the "g" is silent and that
       | the "l" or "n" are a bit more pronounced.
       | 
       | 4. Double consonants need to have a much more pronounced sound,
       | almost as if you pause for a moment on that consonant. It should
       | be easy to tell apart "nonno" ("grandpa") and "nono" ("ninth")
        
         | ajmurmann wrote:
         | "Vowels are like in Spanish ("a" always sounds "ah" etc.)"
         | 
         | This is mostly true for every language that uses the Roman
         | alphabet and isn't English. The great vowel shift in English
         | changed his vowels get pronounced in English when they were a
         | lot more similar. This even holds for transliteration systems
         | like Hepburn and painting. If you try to pronounce vowels in a
         | language other than English you are likely gonna be less wrong
         | pronouncing it as if it were any other language that's not
         | English. English speakers literally decided to pronounce vowels
         | differently at some point due to fashion. This should get
         | drilled into all school children in English speaking countries!
        
           | mastazi wrote:
           | > This should get drilled into all school children in English
           | speaking countries!
           | 
           | Yes I totally agree, my daughter who grew up speaking
           | English, was having trouble reading some Japanese words that
           | were transliterated (Romanji) because she couldn't figure out
           | how to pronounce the vowels, but for me (I'm Italian) it was
           | easy to read them correctly, even though I had never seen
           | those words before and I didn't know what they meant.
           | 
           | > This is mostly true for every language that uses the Roman
           | alphabet
           | 
           | Yes and surprisingly it works fairly well even with some non-
           | European languages where the Latin alphabet was adopted, such
           | as Malaysian and Indonesian.
           | 
           | However there are some languages that have frequent
           | exceptions, e.g. French comes to mind where there are several
           | word endings like e.g. "-eau", "-aux" and "-aix" etc., other
           | languages also have exceptions like "-de" endings in
           | Portuguese and some diphthongs in German like "ie", "au" etc.
           | 
           | PS. it's strange that the Great Vowel Shift is not widely
           | known among English speakers - it caused the English language
           | to have highly irregular phonetics which is one of the most
           | evident features of the language.
        
           | Symmetry wrote:
           | My last name has an 'ough' in it and that has made me
           | intensely aware of that fact.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ough_(orthography)
        
           | Mordisquitos wrote:
           | > This is mostly true for every language that uses the Roman
           | alphabet and isn't English.
           | 
           | That is not actually the case. In Catalan, for example, "e"
           | and "o" may be pronounced either open or close ( _/ e/_ vs _/
           | e/_, _/ o/_ vs _/ o/_), and the difference may only be marked
           | with an accent mark (e, e, o, o) if that syllable was to be
           | accentuated according to the rules, or if it happens to
           | distinguish two differently pronounced words that would
           | otherwise be spelt the same. Also, the most prevalent dialect
           | of Catalan will pronounce non-stressed "a" and "e" as schwa (
           | _/ @/_) and non-stressed "o" the same as "u". I believe
           | something similar to this happens in Portuguese.
           | 
           | And don't even get me started on French...
        
       | xdennis wrote:
       | You can't solve this problem by compounding the issue: forcing
       | people to know the spelling of every language.
       | 
       | The solution is to give people your IPA pronunciation. Instead of
       | listening pronouns in Twitter you can list the pronunciation:
       | "Ioan Raducanu /i'wan r@dukanu/"
        
       | keltex wrote:
       | There's a Sass for that:
       | 
       | https://cloud.name-coach.com/
        
       | AYBABTME wrote:
       | Some people take this idea to heart a bit too much. Barely anyone
       | can pronounce my name properly and I really don't bat an eye at
       | it. It's not pragmatic to expect most people to do so, especially
       | in a place like the US where so many people come from different
       | backgrounds. And that's nothing to say about the fact that the
       | same name, written the same way, can be pronounced very
       | differently depending on the bearer's background. At last, it
       | seems to me that the people who care the most about this issue
       | are monolingual.
       | 
       | It's one thing to do a quick effort at it; you can ask "how do
       | you say your name" real quick and let it go after a try. Or just
       | try to catch how I'll introduce myself, and say it the same way.
       | 
       | On the other hand, some folks get hung up on pronouncing my name
       | "properly" and get very annoying about it: "no no no I reaaally
       | want to say your name properly, it's important _for me_". In a
       | 30min meeting, I don't feel like spending 5 minutes giving a
       | useless French pronunciation class for something so pointless. I
       | much prefer hearing my name pronounced wrong by mistake, than
       | wasting time in a useless woke-posturing session with someone
       | using my time to teach them how to make sounds their mouth hasn't
       | been trained to make, supposedly out of respect for my
       | foreignness.
        
         | draw_down wrote:
         | Not only this, but the reverse never seems to go remarked upon.
         | Speakers of other languages have their way of pronouncing our
         | names and we're fine with it.
        
         | jaimebuelta wrote:
         | I have an strategy of two pronunciations for my name (Jaime,
         | it's a Spanish name):
         | 
         | - Quick chats, like answering your name at Starbucks, talking
         | with the electric company on the phone, etc. I use directly the
         | English pronunciation of my name (like Jamie). It's faster,
         | easier and who cares, frankly... Gratefully, I can now use
         | "wrote as Lanister" and fix some writing problems
         | 
         | - With more meaningful relationships, like coworkers or
         | acquaintances that I will be talking several times, etc, the
         | only thing that I care about is an honest try. Most people
         | tends to have problems with the ending vowel, and the initial
         | "hard H" sound, so it sounds more like "Hi-me", but that's
         | absolutely no problem. Different languages have different
         | sounds, and I mispronounce things all the time. All I care
         | about it's the other person putting a bit of effort into it,
         | but that's about it...
        
           | eyko wrote:
           | Same boat here. Vicente in Spanish so I go by Vincent most of
           | the time (either the english or the French pronounciations, I
           | don't care). Most people see my name in Spanish and pronounce
           | it like it was Italian ("Vinchente", they always add an N).
           | I've never been bothered by it one bit, at least they tried.
           | For the curious, the correct pronounciation is either "Vee-
           | sen-teh" or with the spanish voiceless-dental-fricative th[1]
           | "Vee-then-teh".
           | 
           | If you ever bought into this idea that mispronouncing
           | someone's unfamiliar/foreign name is somehow rude or racist
           | or an extension of white supremacy/privilege, you should see
           | how english names and surnames are pronounced in non-english
           | speaking countries. People give it their best shot and fail,
           | that's all there is to it.
           | 
           | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_dental_fricative
        
             | FroshKiller wrote:
             | My first name is Jonathan, and my Indian colleagues whose
             | mother tongue is Marathi either say "Jonatan" or avoid it
             | altogether because they think it has five syllables due to
             | Marathi's implicit schwa. I'm sure I've done all kinds of
             | violence to their names myself.
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | Yup. Take Bob; in English, especially American English it's
             | pronounced like "Baawhb" (exaggerated, weirdly phonetic),
             | but over here (Dutch) it would be pronounced as "Bop", with
             | a very short / clipped O sound.
             | 
             | Of course there's also names that have transformed to
             | nearly unrecognizable forms; George over here has evolved
             | into Sjors (or the other way around?), John into Sjon, etc.
        
               | eyko wrote:
               | Another interesting one: James and Jacob are the same
               | name (from the Hebrew Ya'qob), and in spanish it's either
               | found as "Jaime", "Jacobo" or "Santiago" which comes from
               | "Saint Iago" (Iago being an old spanish conversion of the
               | Latin "Iacobus" which came to other romance languages as
               | Yago, Iaco, Jacob, Yacobo, Jacobo etc).
               | 
               | The "J" consonant leads to many interesting things
               | because of how many pronounciations it has. It can be an
               | english "J" or the softer latin "J" (identical to an I)
               | or an in between Y which could be between an english J
               | and SH. In current spanish, however, the J is pronounced
               | as the "voiceless velar fricative"[1] (a very strong H?),
               | so whilst the name started sounding like "Iacobo", it's
               | now a very firm HHakobo.
               | 
               | 1.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_velar_fricative
        
               | LegitShady wrote:
               | The hebrew 'jacob' is pronounced with a v rather than b
               | sound at the end as well. It's more like Yaqov than
               | Yaqob. It uses the same letter 'bet' but with a dot in
               | the middle its a b sound, without the dot in the middle
               | its a v sound, and in modern use they don't add the dots
               | in at all and assume everyone knows how to pronounce
               | things.
        
               | eyko wrote:
               | TIL! So many (most?) christian names have hebrew origins
               | so it's just great to see how much hebrew pronounciation
               | has been completely violated to create words that
               | sometimes barely resemble the original.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | I belive San Diego could also be translated back to Saint
               | James or any of those other variants but there's some
               | other odd step or two in between that I can't remember
               | right now.
               | 
               | Ah it turns out that may not be true, though widely
               | believed for the last couple of centuries:
               | 
               | https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/Diego#Spanish
               | 
               | The one that shocked me the most was the number of
               | different names that I associated with different
               | countries that all turned out just to be variations on
               | John.
               | 
               | Ivan, Ian, Euan, Hans, Sean, Jens, Juan, Yiannis,
               | Giovanni, Evan, Ifan, Janko, Ivanko and many more
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_(given_name)#In_othe
               | r_l...
        
               | enlightens wrote:
               | > softer latin "J" (identical to an I)
               | 
               | That's a fun one here in the US. My employer has an
               | office in Romania, so many of my coworkers have names
               | that start with an I for the voiced palatal approximant
               | sound. These names would start with a J in English, have
               | the I in Romanian, and are pronounced (more or less) like
               | an English "y" sound. For example, Julian -> Iulian,
               | approximately pronounced Yoo-lee-an. For extra
               | complication for those in the States, many default fonts
               | show minimal differences between a capital I and a lower-
               | case L, so some people read it as Loo-Lee-An.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_palatal_approximant
               | 
               | And then don't get me started on us Americans trying to
               | understand the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-comma
        
               | jejones3141 wrote:
               | That's more the New England pronunciation of "Bob". Here
               | in the Midwest it's shorter. It was a fun part of _This
               | Old House_ back when Bob Vila was on; he'd ask a
               | subcontractor (this was in Boston) how things were going,
               | and they'd say "Well, Baawhb..."
        
             | Vinnl wrote:
             | Super off-topic, but my name is Vincent and I'm learning
             | some basic Spanish vocabulary, and it's been at the back of
             | my mind for a while that I'm not really sure how I'm
             | supposed to pronounce my name in Spanish. So maybe you
             | could help: how would you pronounce my name when speaking
             | Spanish - would you turn it into Vicente, use the English
             | or French pronunciation, or is there a "proper" Spanish way
             | to pronounce it?
             | 
             | (Feel free to ignore of course, I just got interested.)
        
               | eyko wrote:
               | Most people pronounce the spanish Vicente as "Beethenteh"
               | in castellano but you can definitely ignore the "th"
               | sound and pronounce it like an S, it's your name after
               | all, you make the rules! In some spanish languages
               | there's no "th" sound (e.g. Catalan) so it's really not
               | an issue.
               | 
               | It will definitely be much easier for spaniards to
               | pronounce the english version of Vincent than the french.
               | We probably have the worst french pronounciation in
               | Europe despite the fact that we're neighbours! I always
               | chuckle with how some people pronounce croissant:
               | "curasan" (an attempt to transliterate as "cruasan", I
               | believe).
        
               | Vinnl wrote:
               | Ha, you haven't heard the Dutch pronunciation of
               | croissant yet I take it :P
               | 
               | But thanks! I'll probably stick to the English Vincent
               | then, as I'm not sure Vicente would trigger a response
               | from me if I'm not paying attention, but maybe if I ever
               | get to spend a longer time in a Spanish-speaking
               | community I might give Vicente a try.
        
             | kortex wrote:
             | I totally read it as "Vincente" and _didn 't even notice
             | there was no n until you pointed it out_. Brains are super
             | weird.
        
               | harwoodr wrote:
               | I totally get it. The brain's autocorrect has "fixed" my
               | last name (Harwood) for people my entire life. Hardwood,
               | Howard, Hayward... and even stranger modifications.
               | 
               | Fun fact, I can't type hardwood without great effort.
        
             | fipar wrote:
             | 43 years speaking Spanish, not in Spain, but certainly
             | aware of different accents from Spain (both from speaking
             | to other people and watching Spanish movies), and TIL that
             | the name for that sound is " voiceless-dental-fricative".
             | 
             | !Gracias!
        
             | empeyot wrote:
             | In English the /v/ in the phonetic spelling [edit, was:
             | transcription] vee usually represents a voiced labiodental
             | fricative (as /v/ in Italian Vincente) whereas most Spanish
             | speakers will pronounce v (just like b) as voiced
             | _bilabial_ fricative or approximant. That is, I 'd expect
             | Vicente to be phonetically spelled bee-sen-teh (well aware
             | that English /b/ is not a fricative as Spanish /v/ and
             | /b/).
        
               | eyko wrote:
               | You're right! Most castellano speakers don't make a
               | distinction between /b/ and /v/. Some latin american
               | countries do make the distinction and also some spanish
               | regions, like catalan/valenciano speakers in certain
               | regions have a stronger or softer, yet still distinct /v/
               | sound, such as in "a veure, Vicent" (let's see, Vincent).
        
           | happy_path wrote:
           | Good idea. Establishing a relationship between your name and
           | with some named thing of the real world: a TV series
           | character, a city, etc.
        
             | throwaway287391 wrote:
             | I get your point but I like that you describe the name of a
             | character in a fictional TV show as a "thing of the real
             | world", as compared to the name of a coworker you speak
             | with regularly. :p
        
               | happy_path wrote:
               | Well, maybe "thing of their culture" would have been a
               | more appropiate term.
        
         | nindalf wrote:
         | > it seems to me that the people who care the most about this
         | issue are monolingual.
         | 
         | Sort of. I'd speculate that those who care about it the most
         | are people who've never struggled and failed to pronounce a
         | name in another language. In my limited experience of knowing 3
         | languages I never had trouble with any pronunciation. So I came
         | to the unfounded conclusion that a. I can pronounce anything
         | and b. everyone should pronounce everything correctly and if
         | they don't, it's for lack of effort.
         | 
         | I was wrong. I learned this while learning how to pronounce
         | Chinese names. I thought I was saying them right. For example
         | I'd pronounce "Xi" as "Shi". But it wasn't the right Shi,
         | evidently (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion-
         | Eating_Poet_in_the_Ston...). My friend sat with me patiently as
         | I attempted it over and over. Every time she'd say "no, not
         | Shi, it's more like Shi". I couldn't hear the difference. So
         | even if I put in more time, I wouldn't succeed.
         | 
         | So now I'm more tolerant of people making mistakes. As long as
         | they make an effort, it's good enough.
         | 
         | If anyone would like a challenge, try pronouncing the word
         | "Tamil" from the language Tamil. I haven't heard anyone who
         | wasn't a native speaker pronounce it correctly.
        
           | GoblinSlayer wrote:
           | I have no problem learning foreign languages, but when I saw
           | how Chinese phonetics works I ran away screaming.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | kragen wrote:
           | How's http://canonical.org/~kragen/tmp/tamiltamiltamil.ogg?
           | I've never tried to utter a retroflex approximant before, and
           | while I think I might have pronounced it correctly, I think
           | I'd have a hard time reliably distinguishing it from a
           | retroflex tap or a voiced (really) alveolar approximant.
           | 
           | As for learning to distinguish X from Sh, and the Ch/J/Zh/Q
           | and C/Z distinctions in Mandarin, I think your beliefs may
           | have swung too far from one pole to the other. It took me six
           | or seven years to learn to pronounce American English [r]
           | correctly, and I made lots of hearing errors during that time
           | as well. It can take time to learn to hear phonetic
           | differences. Unsurprisingly you weren't able to learn the
           | difference between [c] and [s] in a single fifteen-minute
           | session, but if you'd done two fifteen-minute sessions a day
           | for two years, you'd almost certainly get it. In fact, you
           | might find that it only takes you a few weeks!
        
             | nindalf wrote:
             | I don't think you're quite there yet. It's more like how
             | this lady says it in the first 10 seconds -
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RMJNV61I9iU. She guides you
             | through pronouncing these sounds.
             | 
             | You're right though. I could probably get Chinese
             | pronunciation correct given enough time and effort. but
             | it's not trivial, like I thought earlier.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Thanks!
        
           | valarauko wrote:
           | > try pronouncing the word "Tamil" from the language Tamil. I
           | haven't heard anyone who wasn't a native speaker pronounce it
           | correctly.
           | 
           | (non-Tamil here) Off the top of my head I can think of at
           | least two distinct ways I have heard native Tamils speakers
           | pronounce the name, and both are convinced that they are
           | correct. Plenty of Tamils pronounce it with a retroflex 'r',
           | while a majority consider it archaic and pronounce it with a
           | retroflex 'l'.
           | 
           | The lll was originally kind of a retroflex 'r' sound, but
           | many Tamils consider it archaic & pronounce it as similar to
           | a retroflex 'l' ll - when questioned a native Tamil speaker
           | from Tamil Nadu told me that ll and lll are pronounced the
           | same.
           | 
           | Consider the word vaalllai plllm (banana), with two retroflex
           | 'r' sounds. I have heard people pronounce it with both (and
           | how its retained in Malayalam), and many will change one of
           | them to a retroflex 'l'. In my restricted sample of asking a
           | handful of native speakers to say the word, at least one
           | consistently changed both to a retroflex 'l'.
        
         | xwolfi wrote:
         | Ahah Im French too with a difficult name and usually I just
         | correct with humour if it s super far off, we laugh and done.
         | People hung up on perfect pronunciation I tell them to just use
         | the english equivalent (think William for Guillaume) and basta.
         | 
         | I gave my daughter a perfectly language neutral, 2 syllable, "a
         | monkey can say it" name to avoid all this next generation :D
        
         | tarsinge wrote:
         | French is a good example, nasal vowels are everywhere and are
         | just impossible to pronounce correctly for English speakers
         | without training, so not only we shouldn't take offense but
         | it's even insensitive to expect it.
        
         | speleding wrote:
         | I feel the same way. I avoid the problem by pronouncing my
         | (Dutch) name the way an American would pronounce it when
         | introducing myself. (If there happen to be other Dutch people
         | present, they'll figure it out, as it's a common name)
        
         | Veen wrote:
         | I find the same. My (English) name seems very challenging for
         | French people to pronounce correctly. Probably because it has a
         | diphthong in the middle that doesn't occur in French. I've
         | basically never heard a French person say it right (even my
         | French ex-gf). It doesn't matter. So long as people attempt
         | some approximation and it doesn't sound too outlandish, who
         | cares. It's just part of their accent.
        
         | notafraudster wrote:
         | I am E/F bilingual. I taught in an educational institution
         | which is multicultural with dozens of cultural origins. When I
         | get names wrong, I see grimaces on their faces. When I hear
         | other people get common but foreign names -- like Nguyen for
         | instance -- wrong, I grimace too. I am now at an institution in
         | a country where basically no one outside the country knows how
         | to pronounce anything.
         | 
         | It takes me about 5 minutes to Google names I'm unfamiliar with
         | before I start a new class to make sure I get it right. I don't
         | know and I should not be expected to know Chinese, but I think
         | I should be expected to be polite enough to try to get it right
         | before I take a stab and butcher someone's name.
         | 
         | I don't think it is an enormous burden to put on myself, and I
         | don't think I'm performatively self-flagellating by doing it. I
         | think it's just me trying to be polite. I think everyone should
         | try to be polite in as many contexts as possible.
         | 
         | On another context of names:
         | 
         | My own names are Hebrew and Germanic respectively, two
         | syllables each. My given name is common in North America. Most
         | people pronounce it wrong anyway. I would greatly prefer if
         | they didn't. It's a little disrespectful. I politely correct
         | people and then find most of the same people make the same
         | mistake again and again. I find it disrespectful, the same way
         | I find it disrespectful if someone spells my name wrong even
         | though my email address is first@last. It's not because they're
         | frothing at the mouth racists, it's because they're minorly
         | inconsiderate.
         | 
         | My wife has a common name with two English spellings (let's say
         | similar to Meghan/Megan). People frequently misspell it. She's
         | not bothered by people guessing wrong. She is bothered when she
         | corrects them and they still get it wrong. When I met her, it's
         | not like I cosmically knew which of the two spellings was
         | correct. I simply learned which of the two spellings was
         | correct. It was a basic act of politeness and care. When people
         | don't do it, it comes off like they don't care.
        
           | rootsudo wrote:
           | That seems so much work, to not ask or help someone pronounce
           | a name.
           | 
           | The world is globalized, it's not expected as a norm to be
           | able to pronounce every name properly.
           | 
           | My name isn't in "English" and I grew up in the USA. The
           | people whom act like you when I introduce myself and talk are
           | the most annoying. I don't have any onus on everyone
           | pronouncing my name properly and if they say it with English
           | phonetics then that's acceptable because they're trying to
           | adapt their language to my name.
           | 
           | That is much more polite then having this internal monologue
           | and judging/having bias to everyone else that they're
           | "inconsiderate."
           | 
           | Just ask how to pronounce if you can't, read the room and
           | then apologize if it needs to be said.
           | 
           | Loosen up.
        
           | mynegation wrote:
           | The proper pronunciation of my name requires an emphasis that
           | is not on a first syllable, rolling R, and palatalization of
           | a consonant in the middle. Even if I tell people how to
           | pronounce it properly, repeating it back to me would be too
           | much to ask from people who never palatalized a consonant in
           | their life. My point is: I don't grimace and I don't bother.
        
           | bitcurious wrote:
           | The idea that you can Google how to pronounce a name is in
           | itself presumptuous. My name from a European country is
           | spelled the same but pronounced differently as a name much
           | more commonly used in South America. If you googled how to
           | say it you would get the wrong answer. I'd rather you just
           | butcher it in American than make assumptions about my origin.
           | 
           | If you want an analogue, think of Muhammad Ali. Arabic name,
           | non-Arabic pronunciation.
           | 
           | That said, I certainly wouldn't get upset at the effort. I'd
           | assume you mean well, so no foul. It's just not that
           | important.
        
           | II2II wrote:
           | > It's not because they're frothing at the mouth racists,
           | it's because they're minorly inconsiderate.
           | 
           | There is a very good chance that your correction is coming
           | off as inconsiderate since it is interrupting the flow of
           | conversation and perhaps even the other person's train of
           | thought. That interruption is also going to affect how well
           | they remember the correction. If they were unprepared for an
           | off-topic interjection, it is probable that they didn't hear
           | what was being said or it did not register in their memory.
           | 
           | So yes, getting people's names correct is important. On the
           | other hand, letting people get your name is important (rather
           | than forcing the issue).
        
           | mkotowski wrote:
           | > When I hear other people get common but foreign names [...]
           | wrong, I grimace too.
           | 
           | To be honest, this seems as one of the worst ways to handle
           | such situations. Feeling distraught over an imprecise
           | pronunciation feels like something to get rid of rather than
           | accepting as a norm.
           | 
           | And I am saying this as someone with a slight speech
           | impediment using one of the more consonant cluster-rich
           | languages on the continent. I would have to be delusional to
           | expect someone from an English-speaking country to pronounce
           | names such as _Grzegorz Brzeczyszczykiewicz_ on first or even
           | second try.
           | 
           | Also, how do you decide which names are common? Not trying to
           | be rude, but this can easily depend on from where someone is
           | coming from and their age/generation. Names popular in the
           | generation of my grandparents sometimes are completely absent
           | from my own and rarely written down.
           | 
           | This all also comes with the prerequisite that a person in
           | question still uses the original pronunciation and not one
           | adapted to the dominant language in the region.
        
         | ZeroGravitas wrote:
         | Are you saying these people should be more aware and
         | considerate of your culture and experience as an immigrant with
         | a hard to pronounce name in an English speaking country? That
         | they should consider your feelings and change how they behave
         | to suit you better?
         | 
         | Because that sounds pretty 'woke' to me, and you seem to be
         | attacking people for trying to be woke and annoying you in the
         | process.
         | 
         | I just worry that if someone attempts to make you happy by
         | doing this, there will be an even smaller minority of people
         | with hard to pronounce names and right-of-center political
         | views who will be absolutely furious that the PC brigade (i.e.
         | you) are trying to dictate what English speakers are allowed to
         | make small talk about about in their own country, stifling free
         | speech just in case some foreigner gets annoyed. Then they'll
         | insist that English speakers should always do whatever their
         | gut instinct tells them to even, no especially, if it annoys
         | some oversensitive immigrant. Some people would much prefer to
         | defend the noble principle of free speech than worry about
         | something silly like wasting 5 mins in a meeting.
        
           | AYBABTME wrote:
           | You got me well confused here. Take my experience of the
           | phenomenon as you wish and incorporate it or not into your
           | decision making process, at your leisure. I'm not the only
           | one who feels this way when citizens corner us immigrants
           | into pronouncing our names for a while.
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | > I much prefer hearing my name pronounced wrong by mistake,
         | than wasting time in a useless woke-posturing session with
         | someone using my time to teach them how to make sounds their
         | mouth hasn't been trained to make, supposedly out of respect
         | for my foreignness.
         | 
         | The French language is perceived as refined and hard to get
         | right. And France in general is very romanticized in American
         | culture. Maybe it's less "woke respect" and little more
         | curiosity than you think.
        
         | brezelnbitte wrote:
         | I have a German last name that not even my family pronounces
         | "correctly" and myself didn't learn the "correct" pronunciation
         | until I studied German at university. Most other Americans
         | butcher it, Germans get the German pronunciation right but
         | never the way I grew up hearing it.
         | 
         | My opinion is just call me what you want as long as I know to
         | respond to it.
        
         | xenocratus wrote:
         | Thanks, I have the same problem - I'm an Eastern European
         | living in the UK, must've heard my name pronounced correctly
         | (just from someone seeing it written down) maybe 3 times in 9
         | years. But I actively avoid telling people the correct
         | pronunciation because it's not in anyone's interest (unless
         | they're a close friend, I guess). I never understood why
         | someone would selfishly expect a stranger to pronounce their
         | name correctly if your name is difficult/not intuitive. There
         | are billions of people out there whose names are so difficult
         | to get right, isn't it more important for us to spend that
         | mental energy being nice to each other in a practical way
         | instead of doing this useless ritual?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | > I really don't bat an eye at it. It's not pragmatic to expect
         | most people to do so, especially in a place like the US where
         | so many people come from different backgrounds
         | 
         | This. My name is a whimsical permutation of a Monacan name but
         | I'm south Asian so it confuses the heck out of people. So I
         | just go by Ray, which frankly is kind of a sketchy name, like
         | "Trent" or "Chad." But it's easy to pronounce.
         | 
         | It's no big deal! Why would I take offense when an American who
         | is often mispronouncing his own French, German, or Polish
         | family name mispronounces mine? (Sorry, Mr. Koch, your name is
         | "Cock" not "Coke.")
        
           | Y_Y wrote:
           | Monacan like the Native Americans, or like Monegasque?
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | The latter (he said sheepishly). My mom named me after: htt
             | ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainier_III,_Prince_of_Monaco.
             | But added a vocalized "y" for whimsy. (Boomers--my kids all
             | have biblical names.)
        
         | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
         | Conversely, I had a friend named Gogo, a Greek name
         | trasliterated as "Gogo" in the Latin alphabet. When she went to
         | stay in France she wrote her name as Roro to help French
         | speakers produce the correct sound (gamma, "g", is pronounced
         | much like the French "r").
         | 
         | And to avoid being called "go-go" of course.
        
         | Abishek_Muthian wrote:
         | >At last, it seems to me that the people who care the most
         | about this issue are monolingual.
         | 
         | I had someone asking for a way to identify 'gender from the
         | names of overseas customers'[1] on my problem validation
         | platform. At a glance it seems like a similar problem and there
         | could be some who doubt the veracity of the problem. Then there
         | were several business solutions posted for that problem.
         | 
         | The same people who wanted to know the gender could probably
         | also benefit from knowing how to pronounce the name if they
         | ever get on a call or meet the person.
         | 
         | [1] https://needgap.com/problems/94-identifying-gender-from-a-
         | na...
        
         | kodah wrote:
         | I commonly refer to my last name as vowel soup (I'm french, and
         | it's the Americanization of my family name). It's such a niche
         | last name that I've heard all of two people get my name right
         | and both of them were Cajun or Cajun adjacent - most native
         | French speakers are totally lost on it. I always tell people to
         | call me by my first name when this comes up.
         | 
         | I've watched as people did as you described where they spend an
         | inordinate amount of net time (it usually occurs in fragments,
         | such as at the beginning of a meeting) trying to get someone's
         | name "right". When I let people do this, instead of just opting
         | for my very American first name, it almost always felt like I
         | was watching a parody of my last name play out in real time. I
         | didn't put too much thought into it, but holy hell does it get
         | old. I don't like being in the spotlight and wokeism is already
         | very offputting to me.
         | 
         | If you find yourself doing this, consider this: I have a weird
         | name and I don't remember people's names very well at all. I
         | remember faces, experiences, and feelings much more. You'll get
         | my name right over time as you hear people around me say it.
         | That's just fine with me.
        
           | GoblinSlayer wrote:
           | Heh, I think employees should be given a fully synthetic
           | identity, mostly for privacy reasons, but it can help with
           | this thing too. The nickname can be also selected so that
           | names aren't reused in a team, which would reduce ambiguity
           | in communication. Even in small teams a lot of time is spent
           | resolving ambiguities which John was referred.
        
             | kodah wrote:
             | I've thought on this before. I think it's a really cool
             | idea, and maybe a great place to use something like PGP.
             | 
             | Some other usecases:
             | 
             | - prevents hero worship in software (eg: I'm an x-Googler,
             | believe me)
             | 
             | - might put a dent in bigotry based identity issues
        
         | neltnerb wrote:
         | I get what you mean and agree with the broad point, but I
         | really, truly do both want to learn more about foreign
         | languages and also feel it is both polite and good culture to
         | try to pronounce the names of long-term colleagues as well as I
         | can. I love foreign languages, I love Korean consonants, I love
         | German Vowels, I love the French Schwa.
         | 
         | I wouldn't want to put that on anyone to explain when obviously
         | I can just get more foreign language tapes, but I do actually
         | legitimately prefer to get it right if I can, and the process
         | of learning to say it right is super fun... but I've spent my
         | whole life having to spell and pronounce my name for everyone
         | so it just doesn't seem like a big deal.
         | 
         | But yeah, I can see it getting annoying. I definitely wouldn't
         | insist on it over a casual "<foo> is fine" but I do _want_ to
         | learn to do better at things if I can!
        
         | remarkEon wrote:
         | My last name is French, but in reality the name comes from
         | Germany. My family has been pronouncing it incorrectly for 100
         | years, and I ... just don't care enough to enforce the correct
         | pronunciation. It feels snobbish to me, like you said. Might be
         | an artifact of being an American.
        
           | seszett wrote:
           | > _My family has been pronouncing it incorrectly_
           | 
           | Well, the French usage for names generally is just to use
           | either a straight French pronunciation based on how the name
           | is written, or an approximation of the foreign pronunciation
           | using sounds that exist in French. Only a handful of well-
           | known names get to have a special pronunciation.
           | 
           | If your family has been in France for 100 years, I wouldn't
           | say they pronounce the name "incorrectly", they just
           | pronounce it the correct way in France.
        
             | neltnerb wrote:
             | This reminds me of the story of the town of Versailles,
             | Indiana.
             | 
             | It was common knowledge nearby that anyone who came in and
             | pronounced it "ver-sai" was from out of town. Because
             | everyone living there called it "ver-sails".
             | 
             | I use this as an example of how if anyone gets to decide
             | how something is pronounced, it's the people who live
             | there. The city is simply called "ver-sails" and that's all
             | there is to it.
             | 
             | It is not "wrong", anymore than pronouncing it as you
             | likely say "karate" is not more wrong than "ka-ra-te" (the
             | japanese pronunciation) or that the japanese prounciation
             | of the english word "sweater" being "su-we-ta" is wrong.
             | Borrowed word pronunciation is entirely up to the user.
        
               | Radim wrote:
               | And also of "Socrates", an American Quake 3 player who
               | insisted on the "soh-crates" pronunciation :-)
               | 
               | I also love the double mind-fuck of "karaoke":
               | 
               | EN: _pronounced "owe-kee"_
               | 
               | JP: _" oh-keh"!_
               | 
               | EN: _but "oke" comes from the English "orchestra" (kara-
               | oke = empty orchestra)... so really should be pronounced
               | "or-keh"? Are we mispronouncing a Japanese
               | mispronounciation of OUR OWN WORD??_
               | 
               | (and then of course the Greeks chime in, OG)
        
               | MereInterest wrote:
               | There's a apocryphal story about a translator at an anime
               | convention being asked why he changed a name in the
               | English dub, using an L sound, where the name in Japanese
               | used an R sound. The translator's response was a very
               | flat "Because 'Alucard' is 'Dracula' spelled backwards."
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | > This reminds me of the story of the town of Versailles,
               | Indiana.
               | 
               | Detroit would be the same way if it wasn't such a big
               | city. Easier to see when you add back the accent,
               | Detroit.
        
               | myself248 wrote:
               | Oh, DEE-troit is just the beginning. Other notables
               | include the home of Milan Dragway, pronounced MYL-in, or
               | Lake Orion, pronounced OR-ee-yin.
        
               | b3morales wrote:
               | Versailles, France, is much more well-known than Le
               | Detroit, France, though. (In the U.S.)
        
               | s3cur3 wrote:
               | Here in Missouri (or rather in _Missourah_ country), we
               | have a ver-SAILS, MAH-l 'n (Milan), New MAD-rid (Madrid),
               | BALL-ah-ver (Bolivar), and La PLATE-ah (La Plata). :)
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | > My family has been pronouncing it incorrectly for 100 years
           | 
           | Yes! This is why I'm not the least bit offended when someone
           | mispronounces my name.
        
         | GoblinSlayer wrote:
         | Even language carriers don't get my name right. Sometimes I say
         | it myself, they realize they were mispronouncing it and say
         | "why didn't you say about it?", but two weeks later they
         | mispronounce it again as if nothing happened.
        
         | j45 wrote:
         | So people can learn names like Schwarzenegger but not others?
         | 
         | We can learn chai and yoga and namaste but not the names of the
         | people it belongs to.
         | 
         | Seems more not wanting to make people uncomfortable which is
         | fine, I have had to navigate the same.
         | 
         | When I come across a name I haven't heard before, I just go out
         | of my way to ask people how to pronounce their name and say
         | it's important to me. Sometimes demonstrating how to have the
         | conversation of asking comfortably is the most important first
         | step.
        
         | Causality1 wrote:
         | As usual, the people with the biggest stick up their ass tend
         | to be the least useful and most time-wasting.
        
       | axaxs wrote:
       | I appreciate the effort, but I don't like this attitude of
       | blaming the speaker. My company once even had a video saying that
       | mispronouncing a name was a 'microaggression.' That insanity
       | aside, there are sounds and consonants people just cannot make
       | past a certain age. As long as we aren't being demeaning, why go
       | for perfection? Nearly every foreigner pronounces the short 'i'
       | in my name as 'ee', and I've never once cared enough to be upset
       | or attempt to correct them.
        
         | tluyben2 wrote:
         | Not even age... English-only speakers generally (let's say it
         | never happened and my business is with British and Aus people
         | mainly) cannot correctly pronounce either or both my first or
         | last name. Some of them, especially the closer partners, want
         | to try but we literally had sessions where we recorded me
         | saying it and them saying it and listening to it to show them
         | it was still different even though in their head it sounds
         | exactly the same... and I really really don't care: I have a
         | client calling me 'tiktok' (long before the tiktok app) because
         | he got fed up struggling with my name. Fine with me.
        
           | wink wrote:
           | Had a native English speaker as a coworker who struggled with
           | U vs U in German. No matter how we tried to convey the
           | difference in sound, "you're saying the same thing".
        
           | axaxs wrote:
           | Thanks for sharing. The worst for me personally is 'ng'. My
           | wife has tried a hundred times to teach me. To me it just
           | sounds like a nasally 'n'. I tried that and get laughed at.
           | She tries our short 'i' and gets laughed at. All in fun of
           | course.
        
         | nielsole wrote:
         | When I (German) was ~15 I was blaming esp. US folks for not
         | managing to pronounce my handle correctly. That changed when I
         | completely failed to pronounce Baltic and Arabic names to the
         | name-holders satisfaction. I can't even hear where I am going
         | wrong.
        
           | JPLeRouzic wrote:
           | > I can't even hear where I am going wrong.
           | 
           | Same effect for me, once on a flight between Florida and New
           | York I asked for water (I'm French), I did my best to
           | pronounce it correctly but the flight attendant couldn't
           | understand me. Another passenger told him "I think he wants
           | water". For me, he used the exact same pronunciation as me.
           | 
           | I never understood what was wrong.
        
             | FroshKiller wrote:
             | No kidding, try asking for "agua" (Spanish) next time.
        
         | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
         | I heard from a linguist that the best way to learn foreign
         | pronunciation as an adult is to learn to imitate the accent of
         | a native speaker of that language. Which of course is also a
         | microagression, so you just can't win no matter what you do.
         | 
         | It makes sense, though. Trying to learn the grammar, vocabulary
         | and phonology all at once makes you task saturated, learning
         | them separately is easier.
        
         | gnicholas wrote:
         | > _there are sounds and consonants people just cannot make past
         | a certain age._
         | 
         | It's not that people can't make the sound above a certain age,
         | it's that above a certain age it becomes difficult to learn new
         | sounds that are not in your language.
         | 
         | This age varies by person, and for some people it is well
         | before adulthood arrives (when you are likely to be exposed to
         | a much greater diversity of names).
         | 
         | One of my linguistics professors, whose specialty is to learn
         | and document 'dying languages', told me that if I wanted to
         | learn a new language, I should do it before 30. Even for him --
         | a trained linguist who knows the IPA forward and backwards --
         | age makes a difference.
        
           | axaxs wrote:
           | Thanks for your experience. I think the age is closer to 13
           | than 30.
           | 
           | You can learn and speak 'well enough' at many ages, but past
           | a certain age you will always sound different, and it's much
           | younger than 30 for the majority of folks.
        
         | bmn__ wrote:
         | > there are sounds and consonants people just cannot make past
         | a certain age
         | 
         | That's false.
         | 
         | > why go for perfection?
         | 
         | It's politeness, nay, more than that: respect. Trying hard to
         | produce a name as accurately as one can shows one's dialogue
         | partner or audience that one is making an effort. A name is a
         | very personal thing. People like it when they notice that they
         | are paid attention to, and will approve of and in their mind
         | raise the social status of the speaker.
         | 
         | Positive examples are:
         | 
         | * Max Miller of "tasting history" who quite obviously spends
         | some time to learn a word or name correctly from an experienced
         | speaker.
         | 
         | * Louis Rossmann who does not prepare, but is apologetic
         | ("pardon me for butchering the pronunciation") or would
         | altogether skip reading a name out loud rather than mangling
         | it. This is okay because the text of the news article is also
         | on the screen.
         | 
         | Negative examples are:
         | 
         | * Most other people who in general just hope for the best and
         | simply blindly apply the rules from the embedding language
         | (here: English), or if confronted with something out of their
         | experience, just make shit up.
         | 
         | * Adam Ragusea whose argument boils down to "I am American,
         | therefore exceptional and I get a free pass to knowingly and
         | willingly mispronounce".
        
       | thom wrote:
       | > rhymes with "fun" in US, in UK rhymes with the second syllable
       | of London
       | 
       | Are there USians who pronounce fun like this ("I'm having fn")?
       | Struggling to hear it.
        
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