[HN Gopher] Finland provides housing and counseling to the homel...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Finland provides housing and counseling to the homeless (2020)
        
       Author : mpweiher
       Score  : 323 points
       Date   : 2021-07-25 12:36 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (scoop.me)
 (TXT) w3m dump (scoop.me)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Proven wrote:
       | > In the past 10 years, 270 million euros were spent on the
       | construction, purchase and renovation of housing as part of the
       | "Housing First" programme
       | 
       | Almost $300 mil in properties to acommodate 10,000 people. That's
       | California-style efficiency!
       | 
       | Plus the government gets to play landord with taxpayer money.
       | 
       | But no such info in the title - it's always about the benefit,
       | never about the cost, as long as the money can be printed out of
       | nothing or endlessly borrowed so nobody has to pay for that
       | largesse!
        
       | kaliali wrote:
       | Also they keep their borders protected from begging parasites.
        
       | Wowfunhappy wrote:
       | NYC has right-to-shelter laws, which prevent anyone from being
       | denied access to a homeless shelter. If the shelter runs out of
       | space, they will literally rent out hotels.
       | 
       | I think this is great, and it makes me proud of my city--but
       | frustratingly, there are still beggars on the streets, who for
       | one reason or another have decided not to accept the city's
       | shelter. What has Finland done differently?
        
         | flavius29663 wrote:
         | I think the answer is in the article. They don't just provide
         | shelters, which have many issues on their own, they put the
         | homeless in apartments with tenant agreements, dragging them
         | back into society.
         | 
         | In most of Europe there are enough shelters for the homeless,
         | but many people avoid them, I'm guessing violence, theft and
         | strict rules is what turns them away. For example, whenever
         | there's a cold snap, the Romanian police is canvasing all the
         | homeless locations and bringing everyone in shelters...I guess
         | they prefer dealing with homeless people rather than dead
         | bodies.
        
         | nerdponx wrote:
         | NYC shelters are notoriously bad places to be. I've heard and
         | read many times that the streets tend to be safer and more
         | comfortable. Maybe things are good if you time it just right
         | and get a hotel room during one of those overflow periods.
         | 
         | I'm not sure what the solution to that issue was, but it seems
         | to one of or the main reason why the shelter system does not
         | work like you'd expect.
        
       | perfobotto wrote:
       | Whenever I read articles like "Nordic country succeeds doing X" I
       | always wonder if that would work on a country that is not 6
       | million people with tons of natural resources available per
       | capita (Oil, timber, ore). Sadly I generally think not, but I'd
       | be happy to be proved wrong ...
        
         | floitsch wrote:
         | Finland is not really a country that relies heavily on natural
         | resources.
         | 
         | First page I found ranks the US as having more income from
         | natural resources than Finland.
         | 
         | https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/rankings/natural_resources_...
        
           | cscurmudgeon wrote:
           | I never understood comparing Finland and other small
           | countries with the US.
           | 
           | Finland's population is less than that of NYC.
        
             | floitsch wrote:
             | That's why you compare per capita.
        
               | cscurmudgeon wrote:
               | That's where you learn some systems are just not
               | scalable.
               | 
               | There is a reason why we use complexity measures in
               | computer science.
               | 
               | Why do we assume a-priori all social systems are scalable
               | by 10 to 20 times?
               | 
               | That seems unscientific.
        
               | maqp wrote:
               | Why do you need to compare the entire US? Only 20 states
               | have more people than Finland does. Also, if Japan with
               | its 125 MILLION people can have 0.3 homeless per 100k
               | (about half of what we have in Finland) why can't
               | California with 40M people pull it off. The GDP in
               | California is 70k per capita, In Japan its 40,2k.
        
             | fallingfrog wrote:
             | Meanwhile, if I suggested doing housing for all, healthcare
             | for all, etc on an island with only 2000 people, you'd tell
             | me that was too _few_ people and you can't do it that way.
             | So it seems that the only case where it will work is for a
             | country with the exact number of people in the exact
             | latitude as the countries that are already doing it, which
             | are coincidentally the only places where it has been tried?
             | 
             | Or maybe, you're just coming up with excuses.
        
               | cscurmudgeon wrote:
               | > Or maybe, you're just coming up with excuses.
               | 
               | Where did I say that? Look up logical fallacies.
               | 
               | Why do you assume social systems are easily scalable?
               | That seems like an a priori belief without any scientific
               | support.
        
               | fallingfrog wrote:
               | You really think that economies of scale are some kind of
               | myth?
        
               | rscoots wrote:
               | >Meanwhile, if I suggested doing housing for all,
               | healthcare for all, etc on an island with only 2000
               | people, you'd tell me that was too few people and you
               | can't do it that way.
               | 
               | No?
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | Finland has very few people. It's like comparing Luxemburg
           | with India, do you think you can just reapply what works in
           | small countries regardless of scale?
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | It is measured as percent of GDP, so is not an absolute
             | ranking. So you can absolutely compare Luxembourg to India
             | if you'd like.
        
               | perfobotto wrote:
               | But your really can't. GDP per capita doesn't capture so
               | many parameters and conditions (like being landlocked
               | surrounded by wealthy countries that use you as a de-
               | facto tax haven)
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | It's not GDP/per capita, but total GDP. To say the USA
               | earns more of its GDP from natural resource extraction
               | than Finland does is completely meaningful if the claim
               | being shot down is "Finland can only afford these
               | programs (and the USA cannot) because of all the money
               | they are making from natural resources."
        
             | maqp wrote:
             | The main reason it doesn't work in US is, you don't tax the
             | rich and corporations like you should, and because your tax
             | dollars are spent on inefficient massive military
             | industrial, intelligence industrial, prison-industrial, and
             | medical industrial complexes, that are effectively theft of
             | government budget. End the limitless corruption and be
             | amazed what you can afford. :)
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | OCCNS (Our Country Can Never Succeed) Mentality: Our country
         | can never succeed at doing X because our people have the OCCNS
         | mentality.
         | 
         | It's just a bad excuse.
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | The question is valid, but I disagree with your belief. If
         | anything, I would expect the default outcome of an abundance of
         | natural resources per capita to be Dutch disease:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_disease
        
         | dazc wrote:
         | Homlessness solutions are very expensive and, in countries such
         | as the UK, very inefficiently managed. We have a system here
         | where you can ask for help and if you are classed as vulnerable
         | you often will get it.
         | 
         | The best 'help' is offered to people with kids. This will often
         | be a low budget B&B type accomodation which is usually just one
         | room. It will be a step up from living on the street but only
         | just.
         | 
         | Next best comes to people who've just been released from
         | prison, drug addicts and alcoholics. They may be offered a bed
         | in a hostel full of people with similar problems. Not
         | surprisingly, the sensible ones choose to stay on the street.
         | Those who are truly vulnerable will take the bed and may end up
         | worse off in the long term.
         | 
         | At the bottom of the pile are people who just made a few bad
         | decisions or had a temporary bout of depression. These people
         | are not judged as vulnerable and can literally just go and
         | screw themselves, the system wasn't set up to help these kinds
         | of folks.
         | 
         | Of course, there are success stories where people have worked
         | their way through the system and eventually been offered a
         | state-sponsored place of their own but such stories are not the
         | norm.
         | 
         | I have been homeless and I got lucky, a complete stranger
         | offfered me help and I grabbed it with both hands. I got sweet
         | nothing from any agency - of which their are multiple here.
         | They are part of the problem since they employ lots of people
         | who would never get a job elswhere and have huge cash resources
         | to misappropriate.
         | 
         | I don't know if the Nordic example given here would fare better
         | but it certainly could not do worse.
        
       | yawaworht1978 wrote:
       | Every country should have this. Capitalism is the way to go
       | currently, but make sure the bottom of the food chain is provided
       | for.
        
       | HissingMachine wrote:
       | This is fake news, almost nothing about this article is accurate
       | or factual, homelessness is a problem in this country that
       | usually is unearthed by investigative journalists because
       | apparently we don't have homeless problem so we don't even keep
       | an official record, but we get articles like this to pat
       | ourselves in the back which makes this even more embarrassing. t.
       | a 40yo finn
        
         | Popegaf wrote:
         | Links of that investigative journalism would be nice to support
         | your claims of this being fake news.
         | 
         | The Y-Foundation exists https://ysaatio.fi/en/home and they
         | have reports too.
         | 
         | > apparently we don't have homeless problem so we don't even
         | keep an official record
         | 
         | There is an official record by the Housing Finance and
         | Development Center of Finland: https://www.ara.fi/en-
         | US/Materials/Homelessness_reports
         | 
         | More information can also be found at
         | https://housingfirsteurope.eu/countries/finland/
        
         | svnpenn wrote:
         | Saying something is fake with your only reference being your
         | claim that "you're a Finn", is pretty much meaningless.
        
           | HissingMachine wrote:
           | I used to be one of those homeless people that officially
           | don't exist about a decade ago, we didn't exist then and I'm
           | sure they didn't exist now either.
        
         | davidshepherd7 wrote:
         | Are you sure? The graph in the article seems to match a graph
         | on the ARA's website: https://www.ara.fi/en-
         | US/Materials/Homelessness_reports/Repo... (the ARA seem to be
         | the organisation in charge of housing in Finland).
         | 
         | Not that it's completely reliable, but Wikipedia also has
         | information which matches the article
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homelessness_in_Finland), no
         | discussion on the talk page, and no signs of an edit war in the
         | history.
        
         | deanclatworthy wrote:
         | Lived in Finland a decade now. There are drunks and drug
         | addicts hanging around on the streets all night and in parks,
         | but I have never once seen someone sleeping on cardboard, or in
         | a sleeping bag on the street. Not once.
        
           | taneliv wrote:
           | They are in the forest, not on the streets. Makeshift or real
           | tent, sleeping bag. I've seen a bunch of this in Espoo and
           | Helsinki, admittedly more in the 80s and 90s than later on.
           | (Whether this development is due to my own situation or that
           | of the homeless people, I don't know.)
        
         | vladharbuz wrote:
         | Could you point us to a resource where we can read more about
         | this? Perhaps a source pointing to data being covered up?
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | what's the general sentiment about homeless in the population ?
         | is it more like "chase them out, i dont care" or "we would like
         | to do something but nothing ever happens" ?
        
           | fsloth wrote:
           | Generally finns want and expect the government to offer
           | everyone in need free housing. When this does not happen
           | everyone is surprised.
        
       | desktopninja wrote:
       | States side: https://www.tmz.com/2021/03/18/jon-cryer-wife-lisa-
       | joyner-do...
       | 
       | I commend this project. Also personally wish 3D printing homes be
       | formalized, at the very least for single dwelling units. Cities
       | can rezone for it and probably use the land better than golf
       | courses. I'll go on to wish that each SDU is has a cost limit of
       | 10k$ anywhere you go in the country and can only have one human
       | owner. If the unit is to be rented out, then rent would also be
       | capped to number that is reasonable for basic living. The idea
       | here is every adult citizen can own a dwelling. There's may
       | ethical things to consider but pretty optimistic we could come up
       | with good governance policies.
        
       | collaborative wrote:
       | When I became homeless and broke I was lucky enough to have a
       | friend who at the time let me use his address to apply for a job
       | 
       | I also tried seeking help from my local authority and was told
       | there wasn't any
       | 
       | 2 months of work, couch surfing and eating boiled pasta got me to
       | a stage where I could rent a room
       | 
       | I think that for most, support is all it takes to get back on
       | your feet
        
       | wirthjason wrote:
       | I wish there were more in depth articles about these problems.
       | They tend to focus on "feel good" aspects while glossing over the
       | details and trade offs made.
       | 
       | As I get older more and more I find that all new ideas are old
       | ideas. As if great idea just sitting there, oblivious to everyone
       | else, waiting for someone to pick it up.
       | 
       | Often someone else tried the solution but it never worked. What
       | changed? That's what I want to know.
       | 
       | For example, the article has a click-bait headline that makes you
       | feel good because homelessness "ended". Apparently homelessness
       | was reduced, not ended. It's a better outcome than before.
       | > In the last 10 years, the "Housing First" program provided
       | 4,600 homes in Finland. While in 2017 there were still about
       | 1,900 people living on the streets, the program could reduce this
       | number to less than 1000 long-term homeless by 2019 - but there
       | were enough places for them in emergency shelters so that they at
       | least didn't have to sleep outside anymore.
       | 
       | Also, the math is murky. The article states that the direct cost
       | of housing is cheaper than the current expenses. It's quite easy
       | to figure out the cost of building new things but very difficult
       | for those other services.                   >  Creating housing
       | for people costs money. In the past 10 years, 270 million euros
       | were spent on the construction, purchase and renovation of
       | housing as part of the "Housing First" programme. However, Juha
       | Kaakinen points out, this is far less than the cost of
       | homelessness itself. Because when people are in emergency
       | situations, emergencies are more frequent: Assaults, injuries,
       | breakdowns. The police, health care and justice systems are more
       | often called upon to step in - and this also costs money.
       | 
       | The first book I read that went into these complex issues was
       | "Basic Economics" by Thomas Sowell. He made convincing arguments
       | about how economics work and how of often polices designed to
       | help people hurt them. Rent control in NY was a policy designed
       | to help people but actually made it worse for many.
        
         | kubb wrote:
         | When and where was it tried before? <1000 homeless sounds like
         | a success.
        
       | PicassoCTs wrote:
       | The homeless are there, to provide the lowest working-poor caste
       | the illusion, that there is always a even lower station in life
       | that fate could have delt them.
        
       | kebman wrote:
       | This reads like one of the silly headlines you'd see in the first
       | iteration of Civilization. Except it's real. And heartwarming!
        
       | kiza wrote:
       | So the homeless are provided an apartment but they still have to
       | pay rent.
       | 
       | The article seems to be missing some key info about how the rent
       | is different from a normal rental.
        
         | Hamuko wrote:
         | Y-Saatio offers non-profit apartments, so the rent is based on
         | cost.
         | 
         | https://m2kodit.fi/en/
         | 
         | I for example found a 35 m^2 apartment in Espoo that's 542
         | EUR/month. I rented a similar size apartment in Espoo from a
         | private company for about 800 EUR/month some years back. The
         | safety deposit is also 0 EUR. My apartment had a very cheap
         | safety deposit - 200 EUR, but that is probably too much if
         | you're homeless. Some might charge way more, like two months
         | worth of rent, which would've been 1600 EUR for me.
         | 
         | They also ignore payment deliquencies, which make it very hard
         | to find an apartment on the free market.
        
           | ex3ndr wrote:
           | This is a price of 200m^2 flat in the center of Saint
           | Petersburg, Russia. With ~same prices for food that makes ~x3
           | to the price of food.
           | 
           | In what world this is ok for homeless to pay that much?
        
             | maqp wrote:
             | Finnish social welfare includes free medical/dental care
             | and drugs. The social welfare and housing support total
             | about 1200EUR / month. So after bills, they have between
             | 400-700EUR / month for food, clothing etc. It's not
             | anything fancy, but it will keep you off the streets,
             | begging.
        
       | lmilcin wrote:
       | I always wonder what is the point of progress if we can't use it
       | to solve basic problems like people not having food, shelter or
       | access to basic medical help.
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | This is not a new question. In fact, over 100 years ago, a
         | person got really famous writing a book called Progress and
         | Poverty: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progress_and_Poverty
         | 
         | His name was Henry George, and he famously recommended reducing
         | all taxes to one: the land tax. His book was hailed by everyone
         | from Milton Friedman to Leo Tolstoy and US Presidents wrote
         | glowing reviews. And somehow, it is all forgotten today, except
         | among trained economists who had to maybe read it in college.
         | Most libertarians in the US today are capitalist, and have no
         | concept of Georgism or left-libertarianism.
        
           | at_compile_time wrote:
           | Link to the audiobook for anyone else interested:
           | https://librivox.org/progress-and-poverty-by-henry-george/
        
           | lmilcin wrote:
           | The trouble is that the times of land meaning anything are
           | over.
           | 
           | In today's world of intangible goods you can produce without
           | owning any land.
           | 
           | Why would multi-billion pharma company pay less taxes than a
           | local farmer, because the land needed for offices to run bio-
           | research is less than a small field to grow crops for couple
           | families?
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | Looking at real estate prices, land is far from worthless.
        
               | lmilcin wrote:
               | I am not saying land is worthless. I am saying that
               | owning land is no longer prerequisite for producing a
               | lot.
               | 
               | Two hundred years ago you had to own land to be "big",
               | because most ways to produce anything required land to
               | grow crops or land to extract natural resources or
               | services with connection with those two types of
               | activity.
               | 
               | If you look at top 10 largest companies in the world,
               | only one is tied to a lot of land or services for other
               | companies with lots of land (Saudi Aramco).
               | 
               | Before one hundred years ago the largest companies or
               | wealth creators would inevitably be largest land owners
               | or ones that provide services for largest land owners.
        
         | panic wrote:
         | What we think of as 'progress' depends on a lot of dangerous
         | and unpleasant labor. It would be difficult to get people to do
         | this labor without the the threat of homelessness and
         | starvation.
        
           | bsanr2 wrote:
           | There are many historical examples of people participating in
           | less-than-ideal labor situations because they were well-
           | compensated and saw that their work would lead to greater
           | prosperity for their community and country. The carrot was
           | enough and the stick superfluous.
           | 
           | Capitalists often fall prey to the notion that hard and
           | productive work isn't being performed unless someone is
           | sacrificing their health or safety or happiness; that's
           | wrong. We can do these things and provide a good life for the
           | people doing them, too. In some cases this will mean that the
           | doing will be its value itself, or even a loss leader for
           | other efforts. That's fine; not everything needs to be
           | profitable to be valuable.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | Perhaps viewed differently: providing everyone with food,
           | water, power, housing, and medical care takes a lot of
           | unpleasant and coordinated effort and that needs to be paid
           | for somehow.
        
         | ashtonkem wrote:
         | I'd argue that progress and "people not having food, shelter,
         | or access to basic medical help" are definitionally
         | incompatible.
        
         | jokoon wrote:
         | Well, technological progress doesn't necessarily cause social
         | progress, but it might allow it though.
         | 
         | It's a problem of values. Despite abundance, people still
         | believe that people who don't work a 9to5 job are not worthy or
         | good treatment.
         | 
         | Most people still believe in a hierarchy of people and values,
         | and that "there is no free meal", except yes, there is: most
         | food is subsidized and cheap.
         | 
         | Like it or not, "Arbeit macht frei" ("Work sets you free") was
         | displayed at the entrance of concentration camps, and I really
         | think that if you ask people around, they would still hold the
         | same opinion that 100% of people should work and that nobody
         | should escape that.
         | 
         | Now, work is divided between "noble" work, which is essentially
         | office work, and "essential" jobs, which are necessary. Like in
         | the middle ages, nobility is better valued because they're
         | privileged.
         | 
         | Society is really upside down, and despite the years of
         | communism and socialism, which are mostly dead now, it seems we
         | haven't really evolved.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | The contradiction lies in the fact that people work so they
           | can work less and once there are people that do not have to
           | work then how do they get access to that abundance? Through
           | their own work? That would defeat the point. Through the work
           | of others? The working people will get angry because they
           | want to work and for the sake of fairness, they demand others
           | to work just as hard even if there is no work for them to be
           | done. Yes you can create more work so that everyone has work
           | but what people forget is that you have to create those jobs
           | in the first place.
           | 
           | The reason why politicians should strive for full employment
           | is that abundance of labor leads to desperation, which leads
           | to a worse treatment of workers and thus employers are more
           | willing to waste their time. When there is full employment
           | then labor is scarce and precious, meaning the time of the
           | workers is scarce and precious which means employers will
           | either make sure that the workers are treated well and enjoy
           | their time or at least let their time be used for more
           | "productive" endeavors.
           | 
           | >Society is really upside down, and despite the years of
           | communism and socialism, which are mostly dead now, it seems
           | we haven't really evolved.
           | 
           | They are solving the wrong problem. Really, just make sure
           | basic macroeconomic accounting rules work and everything will
           | be fine. For example: Everything produced must be consumed.
           | When you apply this principle on labor, full employment
           | becomes inevitable. How does our economic system violate that
           | rule? It is possible to earn more than you spend, meaning you
           | produce more than you consume. The excess is the deposit in
           | your bank account. If you don't consume labor through work
           | then it will be consumed by being idle. Thus the real value
           | of your savings is eroding day by day until one day your
           | savings have no value because all the freed time was spent
           | idle.
           | 
           | Thus the logical conclusion is that there must be a deadline
           | for your savings. At some point you must spend them before
           | they lost all their value, not because there is an evil
           | government stealing your money or whatever, because nature is
           | eroding the real value of your money. Labor is spoiling the
           | same way fruit spoil. If you want to save then you should
           | save in real terms. i.e. you use your money to buy goods that
           | last longer than labor (a house or industrial machinery) or a
           | promise of a future payment (bonds or stocks). Saving in real
           | terms leads to the employment of other people rather than
           | their unemployment because it still counts as spending for
           | accounting purposes.
           | 
           | The reason why a gold standard is a stupid idea is that
           | linking money to something like gold will make people hold
           | onto the currency because of the exposure of gold. When gold
           | goes up in value people will stop spending because their
           | nominal wealth is going up even though their real wealth
           | isn't going up. In fact, by not spending your money there
           | will be people that didn't work and your real wealth is
           | actually going down.
           | 
           | There is another reason why spending should be forced or
           | encouraged: Debts create money and repaying them destroys
           | money. Holding onto money prevents debts from being repaid or
           | in other words: The debt will exist as long as the deposit
           | exists. There are obvious implications: Government debt can
           | never go down because deposits never go down because people
           | are not forced to spend them.
        
           | stadium wrote:
           | > Most people still believe in a hierarchy of people
           | 
           | This is a broad generalization and it varies widely by
           | culture.
           | 
           | Some people believe that all work is important.
        
         | crisdux wrote:
         | We have solved those issues for the vast majority of the
         | country! Heck we provide all of that and more. Now we are even
         | giving welfare payments to middle and upper middle income
         | families(in the form of an enhanced child tax credit).
        
         | ithinkso wrote:
         | I think it comes down to 'I work to have what I have, why
         | others should have things for free'. Even though the things you
         | get for working are good and you have a great life, and the
         | free things are shit but let you at least survive just barely,
         | it's still too much. 'If I work to have a great life, those
         | that don't are not eligible for _anything_ , not even the
         | smallest things' and then you can complain about homelessness
         | in your area because it's more important to be able to complain
         | than to solve the issue and get rid of the issue to complain
         | about
        
         | throwaway-x123 wrote:
         | Lets consider more common case with working poor. At the same
         | time we see high income inequality. We see unemployment. We see
         | that productivity is a few times higher than it was in 1930.
         | What is the solution? I think you know it, it was done once,
         | 100 years ago. The work day was reduced to 8 hours/day. It
         | could be reduced now to say 4 hours/day. No wage cut. In the
         | past, who reduced the work day? The workers organized and
         | reduced the work day. Why they do not do that? I think they do
         | not know that they can work less. They still think they need to
         | work more to produce all the food, more houses, etc. While in
         | reality they produce income inequality, lots of bullshit jobs
         | and unemployment.
         | 
         | You can help, agitate, organize, join union for shorter workday
         | same wage.
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | A point on the 8 hour work day, because a lot of people will
           | instantly think "Ford", is that it took _decades_ of union
           | campaigning, and quite a few dead and injured in clashes with
           | police and Pinkerton agents, to start getting traction. By
           | the time Ford shortened his working hours, the unions had
           | already gotten hours cut a lot and put in a huge amount of
           | effort changing the narrative on working hours.
           | 
           | Most people are also unaware that May 1st as the
           | international day for labour demonstrations is in part in
           | commemoration of the Chicago Haymarket Massacre, and as the
           | starting point for a renewed fight for the 8-hour working day
           | in its aftermath, on the request of the AFL president at the
           | time.
        
           | ericd wrote:
           | There are also far fewer barriers to working with people
           | around the world who don't demand nearly so much as you are,
           | than there were in 1930. We could put some up, but it's not
           | as just simple as saying "we want twice the hourly wage and
           | half the workday".
           | 
           | Cheap international flights, instant high fidelity
           | telecommunication, standardized container shipping, and
           | streamlined trade with low trade barriers are just a few of
           | the things that have made it less necessary to find workers
           | locally.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | world is complex, i'm not excusing but i've seen enough
         | absurdity like these to start to know that, at large scales,
         | simple becomes problematic. money flows where big pockets and
         | trends go, unless it's a country which values a solid higher
         | ground for all, you'll be left out
        
         | hereforphone wrote:
         | It's almost like the problem's harder than it seems at first
         | glance or something
        
           | runarberg wrote:
           | Nah, these are two separate problems. First is the
           | technological problem of producing enough food, building
           | material, medicine, etc. Then there is the problem of the
           | political class not unwilling to fund infrastructure and
           | projects to put this technology in use.
           | 
           | Think of it like a software team that has excellent
           | developers but terrible devops. The developers have long long
           | since fixed many of the bugs and implemented most of the
           | features, but the devops is slow, corrupt, and incompetent so
           | very few of the features actually make it to production.
        
             | lmilcin wrote:
             | > Nah, these are two separate problems. First is the
             | technological problem of producing enough food, building
             | material, medicine, etc.
             | 
             | There is no technological problem. We are already wasting
             | more food that would be necessary to feed people who are
             | starving.
             | 
             | Even USSR, at the height of its inefficiency, was able to
             | build housing for most of its inhabitants. It wasn't
             | palaces but it did its job.
             | 
             | And when we need we can somehow find a way to crank out
             | vaccine to vaccinate entire countries. And these are given
             | out for free (of course, we pay for them in taxes, but
             | still it can be done...)
             | 
             | > Then there is the problem of the political class not
             | unwilling
             | 
             | I think you meant "willing".
             | 
             | Here, this is the problem.
             | 
             | When you say it is "political class", what you really say
             | it is not _your_ problem. And this is the cause of why this
             | is not getting solved.
             | 
             | Because the problem is really you and other people like you
             | who think it is not their problem.
             | 
             | If the people decided it is a problem worth solving and
             | supported it with their votes, the "political class" would
             | follow and solve the problem.
             | 
             | The "political class" responds to what is on peoples minds
             | and to what people want. If people decide to spend their
             | focus quabbling over building big walls or election results
             | or vaccine efficacy, guess what is not getting solved?
             | _Anything else_ isn 't getting solved.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | Being an immigrant and not allowed to vote, it is not
               | fair to claim I'm responsible for the political class.
               | 
               | Also public opinion rarely results in policy. Most
               | Americans for example favor spending on green
               | infrastructure to tackle the climate crisis, most
               | Americans favor a more universal health care system, etc.
               | yet the political class is hesitant.
        
               | lmilcin wrote:
               | Being an immigrant you are in a special position. In most
               | countries people do have power to change things, if
               | enough of them want to.
               | 
               | There are some exceptions like China or various regimes.
               | 
               | But even Chinese Communist Party is very scared to allow
               | their population to exchange knowledge freely, for fear
               | they can just coordinate and decide together.
        
               | amalcon wrote:
               | The technological problem (assuming it exists, which I
               | tend to agree it does not) is in logistics, not in
               | production.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | That feels like an excuse a politician would make.
               | Logistics is never a real problem that halts execution.
               | Yes it is often a hard problem and is often done wrong,
               | resulting in things getting done slowly and
               | inefficiently. However it is seldom the reason for
               | nothing being done at all. E.g. usually we don't wait
               | months or years until the logistics problem has been
               | solved.
               | 
               | The technological problem of feeding and housing every
               | human on earth has been solved many times over. The
               | logistics of distributing the available food and shelter
               | to those that need is poorly designed and needs an
               | overhaul. This is a political problem and can only be
               | fixed with the political class that is seemingly
               | unwilling.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | In USSR and many other countries of the Soviet Bloc, it
               | was also illegal not to work.
               | 
               | Exceptions applied (mothers with young kids, registered
               | artists), but otherwise this was enforced and if you
               | stayed out of work for a certain period and didn't have a
               | valid employer stamp in your papers, you would be chucked
               | into prison for Parasitism (that was the name of the
               | crime).
               | 
               | As a result, the Bloc had almost no visible homelessness,
               | but this kind of solution would probably not fly in the
               | West.
        
               | lmilcin wrote:
               | I am certainly not defending USSR.
               | 
               | Just showing that there is no need for technological
               | progress to build a lot of housing from public budget,
               | only willingness to do it.
        
           | kiba wrote:
           | The most difficult problems in life are sometime political,
           | not physics or technical challenges.
        
             | lmilcin wrote:
             | Not sure why you are getting downvoted, obviously you are
             | right.
             | 
             | Now, the political problem reflects us as people. If people
             | wanted the problem solved, politicians would find a way to
             | solve it for the sake of their own interest.
             | 
             | The way I understand it is that most people are really
             | selfish in that they only care about themselves and maybe
             | family and friends.
             | 
             | And it doesn't get any better because people are more and
             | more focusing on themselves and getting cut off from
             | community.
        
           | jeffrallen wrote:
           | The first job is buy-in. When a society collectively chooses
           | to solve some difficult problem, it gets solved, no matter
           | how hard it is. Apollo program or homelessness.
        
             | tedunangst wrote:
             | When was the last time somebody stepped on the moon? If
             | that's success criteria, we just need to stick all the
             | homeless in a hotel for a night, declare the problem
             | solved, then kick them out in the morning.
        
             | patrec wrote:
             | Back in reality, the majority of society was opposed to the
             | Apollo program (even after the successful landing support
             | was only lukewarm) and I have no difficulty thinking of
             | difficult problems with enormous societal buy-in and vast
             | funding that proved intractable.
             | 
             | https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/09/moon
             | d...
        
             | orzig wrote:
             | Or cancer! Oh oops
        
               | jeffrallen wrote:
               | 5-year survival rates have improved -- for some cancers
               | -- in adolescents and young adults
               | https://sph.unc.edu/sph-news/5-year-survival-rates-have-
               | impr...
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Cancer is many things rather than one, and some of those
               | things have been solved.
        
               | FeepingCreature wrote:
               | So's homelessness.
        
               | lmilcin wrote:
               | Cancer is a hugely complex problem. It is not a single
               | attack vector like a virus.
               | 
               | But we are still making great progress on it, just think
               | that the best vaccines for Covid came as fruit of cancer
               | research.
        
             | umvi wrote:
             | I don't buy it. Apollo almost failed many times by
             | administrative churn and lack of public support. Apollo was
             | successful because of passionate engineers working on the
             | problem not by public support
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Their passion helped, but it consumed 4.4% of the US
               | federal budget at peak and might well have been cancelled
               | if JFK hadn't been assassinated -- for basically the same
               | reason no human has returned there since Apollo or gone
               | to Mars at all, and for the same reason Space Station
               | Freedom was cut back and morphed into the ISS -- or if
               | NASAs work hadn't been deliberately spread through most
               | states to make it a pork barrel for senators looking to
               | boost their own state using the Federal budget.
               | 
               | It's basically only now that we have a new space race run
               | by absurdly rich space-nerds that we don't need active
               | public support, merely that the criticism is limited to
               | grumbling.
        
               | lmilcin wrote:
               | The engineers did not pay for the project or their
               | salaries. And certainly they weren't working for free or
               | even under market rate.
        
               | umvi wrote:
               | The salaried engineers worked way more hours than a 9-5
               | and were not paid overtime AFAIK
        
               | lmilcin wrote:
               | Which is almost every company I have worked for for the
               | past 20 years.
               | 
               | Listen, these guys were very good, dedicated engineers.
               | 
               | But to say they did this without public support is
               | stupid, because they were paid for from public money in
               | the first place.
               | 
               | The public support comes in many ways. Just because some
               | people didn't like the idea doesn't mean there was no
               | public support.
               | 
               | The ultimate public support is the government, which is
               | officials elected by... wait for it... _THE PUBLIC_.
        
               | umvi wrote:
               | > The ultimate public support is the government, which is
               | officials elected by... wait for it... THE PUBLIC.
               | 
               | Well if that's your definition of "public support",
               | Apollo just barely had enough to succeed. The Lyndon B.
               | Johnson Administration that came after JFK was actively
               | defunding Apollo and trying to dismantle the space
               | program.
               | 
               | Back to my original point, society didn't "collectively
               | decide" to make moon landings happen. JFK made a few bold
               | claims to boost his public image against Russia and his
               | successors tried to dismantle said space program. If it
               | weren't for the tenacious engineers and leaders at NASA,
               | moon landings would not have happened. In other words, if
               | the engineers/leaders at NASA were not passionate enough,
               | LBJ would have succeeded at dismantling Apollo.
        
             | bradleyjg wrote:
             | It depends on the kind of problem. An engineering
             | challenge, even a really difficult one, is something that
             | can be attacked with effort. Changing human beings is far
             | far more difficult. Perhaps impossible on timescales less
             | than generations.
             | 
             | We've had societies that really wanted to stop people from
             | using mind altering substances, agree with that goal or not
             | it was something that multiple societies choose to try to
             | solve and mostly they failed. The ones that partly
             | succeeded were the ones that used heinously brutal methods.
        
           | im_down_w_otp wrote:
           | Certainly half of it is. Unfortunately, it's not the half of
           | the problem that progress is helping with since we're not for
           | a lack of productive output or a dearth of needless waste.
        
         | endisneigh wrote:
         | you could make a strong argument that humanity has barely
         | progressed socially in spite of vast technological development
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | We do all of those things! Medicaid, Section 8, SNAP, SSDI,
         | etc.
        
         | yarky wrote:
         | I'd guess it's all about individual vs collective progress.
         | I've realized that places with homogeneous demographics (e.g.
         | nordics) are usually those interested in solving what you call
         | basic problems while the focus tends towards individual
         | progress wherever people look less alike.
         | 
         | I guess there must be well understood tribe/ethnic reasons to
         | explain that.
        
           | fighterpilot wrote:
           | Most definitely. You see this effect within Amazon fulfilment
           | centers too. More ethnic diversity is correlated with less
           | willingness to unionize on an inter-center basis.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Unions depend on a feeling of we are all together, so
             | diversity is one possible Union killer. There are others,
             | and unions need other things, but a sense of togetherness
             | is part of it
        
               | baron816 wrote:
               | Unions have also historically been pretty racist--
               | explicitly excluding anyone who wasn't a white male.
               | That's probably less the case today, but they're still
               | dominated by white, socially conservative men.
        
           | lmilcin wrote:
           | Nordic countries are kinda special in this regard.
           | Historically, you were very unlikely to survive in northern
           | climate on your own. Being part of community was necessary
           | prerequisite for survival.
           | 
           | I have been on couple trips to northern Norway/Sweden. People
           | there did not even have locks in their houses, it wasn't even
           | necessary. I wonder if it changed now with advent of
           | migrations from eastern Europe and Middle East.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Same in Northern Canada. When buying a house there usually
             | at the end of the financial part of the transfer of a house
             | you get the keys. The previous owners rather sheepishly
             | admitted they didn't have them. Lawyer pipes up 'then we'll
             | have to change the locks'. Owners say that's going to be a
             | lot of work because the doors never had any locks in the
             | first place. We kept it like that.
        
               | wccrawford wrote:
               | I can't even imagine _not_ changes the locks on a house
               | you just bought. (Unless, as in your case, locks aren 't
               | even desired.) Even if the previous owner had no
               | malicious intent, they might have accidentally kept a key
               | that someone else could get ahold of... Or they might
               | have given out a key, etc. There's no good reason to
               | avoid it, IMO.
        
               | bittercynic wrote:
               | It's also a fun thing to do.
               | 
               | The re-key kit is only a few bucks, and it's a pretty
               | simple process, and you get to enjoy the ingenuity
               | contained in the lock while you work on it.
        
               | wincy wrote:
               | As a middle point, I've been living at my house in the
               | Midwest for 4 years now and while we have locks, I didn't
               | changed them out from the previous owners. I suppose they
               | could have some extra keys but I trust that they don't
               | and won't come into my house (and unless they're playing
               | a really long game, they haven't, and the previous owners
               | live fairly close as we got some letters from their
               | child's daycare accidentally sent to us).
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | Where I grew up in the US - Appalachia - in the 1980s and
             | 1990s it was common to not lock your house or car. Crime
             | was rare, murder was non-existent, homelessness didn't
             | exist, and drugs weren't a problem yet. In my neighborhood
             | everybody knew everybody else, all working class types
             | (mixture of middle class and lower middle class mostly), it
             | simply wasn't much of a concern.
             | 
             | Small groups of people with intimacy and a culture of low
             | rates of crime. Violence or crime would make you an
             | immediate outcast.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | cma wrote:
             | I didn't think I'd be seeing great replacment theory
             | talking points on hn. Were western European migrants ok
             | because they were unlikely to survive the winter where they
             | came from? No cold parts of eastern europe compared to
             | parts of western?
        
             | kurofune wrote:
             | That also seemed to be the norm in northern Spain not so
             | long ago, none of my grandparents (maternal/paternal side)
             | locked their doors, even at night.
        
               | rhino369 wrote:
               | People don't lock their doors in many parts of America
               | either like safe suburbs.
               | 
               | My house growing up couldn't really even be properly
               | locked up. You could lock the door but the first floor
               | windows and sliding door on the deck didn't lock at all.
        
               | throwaway09223 wrote:
               | I haven't ever locked my door unless I'm leaving for a
               | several day trip.
        
               | wincy wrote:
               | If I notice the door is unlocked before bed I'll lock it,
               | but my neighborhood is very safe and I'm sure the locks
               | often go unlocked before we go to sleep.
               | 
               | Before we moved here after our daughter was born, we
               | lived in a rougher part of town and would instinctively
               | lock the doors any time we went in our out. Our neighbor
               | got robbed while she was at work, and my wife was at home
               | when it happened, so we were very cautious. As a last
               | resort we had a gun, which luckily we never had occasion
               | to use.
               | 
               | It's amazing how moving 10 miles away was such a huge
               | stress reducer for me and my family.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | That was also the case in France at least till the 50/60s
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | It wasn't that long ago when there were only 4 unique
               | keys in the world and a thief had a skeleton key that
               | would replace them all. In those days nobody locked their
               | door because there was no point. As lock technology got
               | better people in places of crime installed good locks and
               | told their friends to do the same. Most people have no
               | need to lock their door, but nobody knows if they are the
               | exception.
        
               | heikkilevanto wrote:
               | With all respect, I call bullshit to your "4 unique keys"
               | theory. Locks have a long and varied history all around
               | the world. There is no way a single skeleton key would
               | even fit into an Arabic, Chinese, Indian, Venetian,
               | Swiss, or German lock.
        
             | bsanr2 wrote:
             | As a point of comparison, North America has harsh winters
             | that can be difficult to survive if one is unprepared. Many
             | (a majority of?) early European colonists died within a
             | year of arrival for this reason. Indigenous peoples were
             | instrumental in their coming to understand the cultural and
             | behavioral changes that needed to be made for Europeans to
             | survive in America at the technological level they were at.
             | This did not foster a communal spirit, however; the general
             | rule seems to be that European diseases decimated
             | Indigenous populations, and many (though not all) of the
             | survivors were slaughtered in land disputes. Curiously,
             | there are cases up and down the East Coast of European-
             | Native American integration; it would be interesting to see
             | why they were different, and where the tipping point
             | between true communal integration and simple appopriation
             | is when survival is on the line.
        
             | psadri wrote:
             | What makes you think Middle Eastern or Eastern Europeans
             | specifically would change anything?
        
               | aaron-santos wrote:
               | To understand the parent commenter's question (in a US-
               | centric way) you have to examine the political-economic
               | parallels, historical and contemporary, between the US
               | and Nordic countries and decide whether the same
               | structures and conditions exist or not. Presumably, the
               | parent commenter was hinting at the way by which US
               | elites in the 1600s developed a theological basis for
               | social-economic stratification which divided and maligned
               | non-property holders in order to maintain the status quo
               | the effects of which reverberate to this day. Nordic
               | countries, being perceived by the US as being racially
               | homogeneous presumably wouldn't have be susceptible to
               | the same divisive forces, but with shifting racial
               | demographics, inch themselves closer to those same
               | initial conditions.
               | 
               | To answer the original question, it depends on the
               | likelihood that social divisiveness foments either
               | spontaneously or cultivated purposefully. Someone with
               | more knowledge on topics like the Sweden Democrats,
               | Norway's Progress Party and their progress toward social
               | division would be better at addressing it than me.
        
               | zo1 wrote:
               | Also curious why he forgot about all the migration from
               | Africa. Everyone locks their doors here in Africa and
               | builds cages around their houses effectively.
        
               | lmilcin wrote:
               | The last time I paid attention to statistics, in Norway
               | the migrants were a small minority of inhabitants but
               | large majority of all crimes.
               | 
               | As a note, the people who like to "do crime" for some
               | reason are not willing to move up north and prefer to
               | stay in Oslo.
        
               | Popegaf wrote:
               | What statistics? Are there stats on convicted criminals
               | by country of origin in Norway?
        
               | karencarits wrote:
               | Sure: https://www.ssb.no/sosiale-forhold-og-
               | kriminalitet/artikler-...
               | 
               | Regarding countries; when adjusting for gender and age,
               | three countries have > 100 offenders per 1000 immigrant
               | (table 3.3), namely Kosovo, Somalia and Iraq. The lowest
               | rate is 26.8 for the Netherlands (or 10.1 for Oceania,
               | but data not available per country).
               | 
               | Note that immigrants, in general, were underrepresented
               | for some crimes (damage to property, drug-related) and
               | overrepresented for others (ratios): 1.73 for theft, 1.5
               | for violence and abuse, 1.2 for trafic. When adjusted for
               | age, gender, place of living, and occupational status,
               | immigrants from Africa were overrepresented by 174% and
               | 101% for violence/abuse and offending public
               | order/integrity, respectively (p. 34).
               | 
               | From the abstract:
               | 
               | > [W]e use data on all immigrants, Norwegian-born persons
               | with two immigrant parents and people in the remaining
               | population who were 15 years or older and permanent
               | residents as of January 1, 2010, and explore the
               | proportion in each group that was charged with at least
               | one offense committed between 2010 and 2013. The results
               | show that both immigrants and Norwegian-born persons with
               | two immigrant parents are overrepresented as registered
               | offenders, with the rate of overrepresentation being
               | highest in the latter group. Among immigrants, the
               | overrepresentation is most substantial among family
               | immigrants and refugees, as well as for individuals from
               | African countries. For Asian immigrants the picture is
               | more complex. Overall, Asian immigrants are
               | overrepresented. However, while immigrants from certain
               | Asian countries are similarly overrepresented, other
               | Asian countries are underrepresented. Individuals from
               | Western Europe and North America, as well as education
               | immigrants, are underrepresented as well. The pattern is,
               | with some minor exceptions, relatively similar for
               | Norwegian-born persons with two immigrant parents. The
               | patterns of over- and underrepresentation also apply to
               | most types of offenses, except for drug offenses where
               | most immigrant groups are underrepresented. Overall the
               | overrepresentation is substantially reduced when we
               | account for differences in age and gender, especially in
               | the groups with the highest rates of overrepresentation -
               | including Norwegian-born persons with immigrant parents.
               | Place of residence and employment have limited
               | explanatory power once the demographic differences are
               | accounted for. For most immigrant groups a certain level
               | overrepresentation persists also after sociodemographic
               | characteristics are taken into account. It is, however,
               | important to stress that the vast majority of individuals
               | in all population groups were not registered as offenders
               | during the period we consider.
        
           | ASalazarMX wrote:
           | The bigger the country, the more diverse their population is,
           | and empathy is less generalized. Colonizers used ethnic
           | cleansing as a workaround, but as the population grows, it
           | starts differentiating again.
           | 
           | It seems nations, like people, can get too big for their own
           | health.
        
           | michaelscott wrote:
           | I think half the success of this approach is due to culture
           | as well. I know in my home country, an approach like this
           | would definitely not work and you'd be stuck with unemployed
           | squatters with slow legal recourse to get rid of them (and if
           | you have to get rid of them are you really successful in the
           | first place?).
        
           | eplanit wrote:
           | That's actually a good anti-diversity argument (not saying
           | that's necessarily your intent). Japan is another, similar
           | example re: "solving what you call basic problems".
        
           | Hasnep wrote:
           | I'm not sure about that because places like Japan, Korea and
           | the UAE are very ethnically homogeneous, but my impression is
           | that they are quite individualistic. Although from skimming
           | Wikipedia, Korea and Japan have extremely low levels of
           | homelessness so maybe there is a link!
        
             | ketzu wrote:
             | Korea and Japan are usually some of the first examples when
             | discussing individualistic vs collectivistic cultures,
             | where they are examples for colectivistic cultures.
        
         | gmadsen wrote:
         | because those problems involve messy parts of the human
         | experience. math/physics, basic science can be pretty divorced
         | from human sociology/psychology/etc.
         | 
         | you don't need to think of the 2nd/3rd/4th order effects on
         | society if you prove some theorem in number theory.
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | Just as a point of comparison, one of the programs San Francisco
       | introduced during the pandemic was "safe sleeping sites", which
       | are parking lots where homeless can have their tent without it
       | being periodically swept by police. To that, they add chemical
       | toilets, a water supply and (I'm not sure why) 24/7 security
       | staff. For this, the city pays around $60k per tent site per
       | year. I'm not sure if this is in part due to some unsavory
       | relationship between the org administering the program and some
       | city official. Recently the program was extended. It would be
       | cheaper to rent apartments at current market rates, even in San
       | Francisco.
       | 
       | Our revealed preference seems to be that we'd rather have
       | homeless people live in tents than have poor people get free or
       | nearly free housing.
        
         | option wrote:
         | people living in tents in SF are not just "poor" - many have
         | severe mental health issues and drug addiction. In fact, many
         | are there because of SF's open-air drug market.
         | 
         | My point is that the program you mentioned is even crazier and
         | more cruel and wasteful. We need many of these people booked
         | into the rehab (mandatory if needed) and then subsidize cheap
         | apartments for them.
        
         | derefr wrote:
         | > and (I'm not sure why) 24/7 security staff
         | 
         | You can lock your stuff in a house or car and walk away. You
         | can't lock your stuff in a tent and walk away. This is the real
         | reason for homeless people "keeping their life in a shopping
         | trolley": they need to move their possessions around with them
         | because there's nowhere _secure_ to keep them.
         | 
         | Security staff, preventing randoms from stealing these people's
         | possessions out of their tents (or especially, discouraging
         | them from stealing from _each-other_ ) makes a tent into
         | something much closer to a home.
         | 
         | -----
         | 
         | An alternate approach I've seen applied to my local area
         | (downtown east-side Vancouver) is to offer something half-way
         | between "safety deposit boxes" and "storage units" as a
         | free/cheap service -- where each homeless person gets their own
         | assigned 53-litre storage tote, with mediated check-out to
         | ensure nobody has access to your tote but you.
         | 
         | This doesn't solve _exactly_ the same set of problems -- you
         | can 't usefully store your food and cooking implements in a
         | place that's only open 9-5 -- but it at least allows you to
         | trust that your sentimental objects, small collectibles, etc.
         | are being kept safe.
        
           | ashtonkem wrote:
           | And, sadly, to prevent random people from attacking the
           | homeless people.
        
             | ralusek wrote:
             | And to prevent homeless people from attacking each other.
        
               | riffraff wrote:
               | Parent comment was down voted but AFAIK it's correct,
               | many homeless people avoid shelters because they consider
               | them unsafe due to other homeless people, some of which
               | _are_ dangerous to others.
        
           | nly wrote:
           | Wouldn't lockers be a relatively affordable option?
        
             | baby wrote:
             | If your possessions fit in a locker. But I think security
             | here is to prevent or react to violence, not necessarily
             | theft. I've heard stories of homeless people avoiding
             | shelters because you can get raped, for example.
        
               | exolymph wrote:
               | > But I think security here is to prevent or react to
               | violence, not necessarily theft.
               | 
               | Perhaps I'm quibbling, but I suspect that violence and
               | theft aren't necessarily separate categories of incident.
        
               | baby wrote:
               | I was just thinking that it'd be really hard to avoid
               | theft in a camp settlement.
        
               | oldsecondhand wrote:
               | The reasons I've heard for avoiding homeless shelters
               | were theft, robbery and lice.
        
           | jlokier wrote:
           | I knew someone homeless who told me his tent had been
           | attacked twice - slashed, and set on fire one of those times
           | - while he was sleeping in it.
           | 
           | That sounds like enough of a reason for 24/7 security to me.
        
         | JamesBarney wrote:
         | > For this, the city pays around $60k per tent site per year
         | 
         | Is that 60k per tent site or per tent?
        
         | devwastaken wrote:
         | Renters would rather have empty rooms than homeless. No
         | commercial renter references, no full time employment, even a
         | hint of "homeless" = no apartment.
         | 
         | Friend in Canada is purely disabled along with their relative,
         | and lives on disability - which is guaranteed rent. Renters
         | wanted nothing to do with them. They had to go to a government
         | agency that locates housing based on income, and they only got
         | that because their parents cosigned and the landlord was nice.
        
         | tdeck wrote:
         | Presumably this is the source for that number, for those who
         | might be interested in digging further:
         | 
         | https://www.sfchronicle.com/local/article/S-F-pays-61-000-a-...
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | > $60k per tent site per year...It would be cheaper to rent
         | apartments at current market rates, even in San Francisco.
         | 
         | That's $5k per month. Absolute best case, that's two one-
         | bedroom apartments, so 6 people? Surely there are more than 6
         | people at the tent site.
        
           | cldellow wrote:
           | No, the price seems to be $5k per _person_ per month:
           | https://californiaglobe.com/section-2/sf-homeless-
           | department...
        
             | LegitShady wrote:
             | At those prices some consultant/contractor/vendor must be
             | getting outrageously rich.
        
         | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
         | "(I'm not sure why) 24/7 security staff."
         | 
         | Despite your doubts - homeless folks are not idiots. I live
         | near a similar site. It has a no visitor policy, 24/7 security
         | etc. I would call it a huge success relative to the surrounding
         | homeless impacts.
         | 
         | The issue for the homeless and many govt run programs is that
         | it's often easier for govt to do nothing. Ie, your stuff is
         | stolen, visitors etc cause problems etc. A huge amount of
         | public housing really suffered from this - despite being govt
         | run it was worse, not better.
         | 
         | If you can carve a (small) space, no zoning issues, tent on
         | pallet, secuirty for your stuff and yourself, no visitors
         | causing trouble - you can give people some basic stability in
         | sleeping etc.
         | 
         | As to the $60K - you need to be comparing to costs in SF
         | generally for services for a homeless person - I'd estimate
         | $110 - $150K (higher end is if you include the excess ambulance
         | runs etc). So this is relatively competitive.
        
           | opportune wrote:
           | Yeah getting your stuff stolen is a huge deal for homeless
           | people because they don't have much to begin with. So they
           | value a lot the possessions they do have. Ever see a homeless
           | camp or person with tons of black trash bags? That is
           | everything that person owns. And the police probably
           | can't/won't get that stuff back if it's stolen.
           | 
           | You may be thinking "who would steal stuff from homeless
           | people?" Other homeless people, so in a camp where they're
           | concentrated it's a real concern.
           | 
           | There's also the concerns that drug dealers will hang out at
           | the camp/shelter since many of the homeless are addicted, and
           | the ones that aren't are vulnerable. Same with petty crime
           | rings like shoplifters/fences.
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | Something is seriously wrong if it costs $150k per year to be
           | homeless in SF.
           | 
           | 6 years ago, I lived there quite comfortably making only $70k
           | BEFORE taxes, and was able to save a decent bit per year on
           | top of that.
           | 
           | Even now, I /only/ spend $90k per year - and my lifestyle is
           | quite extravagant.
           | 
           | It's just out of control if it costs almost twice as much
           | money to have almost nothing.
        
             | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
             | SF does $600 million to $800 million per year just through
             | DHSH.
             | 
             | My guess is around 300 - 400 million through other depts
             | (SF DPH etc). Behavioral health services alone run $500M
             | and DPH is at $2.4 billion in their budget.
             | 
             | I'm excluding Fire / Police / MOCD / other services (there
             | are a ton).
             | 
             | Rough numbers maybe $1B/year? for 8-12,000 folks?
             | 
             | This is both very large, but SF probably only spends around
             | 8-10% of budget on this - the SF budget is very large.
        
               | mardifoufs wrote:
               | That's crazy! I know american cities handle services that
               | are handled at a provincial level here in Canada but the
               | budget for the city of Montreal is only around 6B$ in
               | Canadian dollars. And that's with all the costs that come
               | from snow removal and the never ending repairs our roads
               | need due to winter damage.
        
               | whoknowswhat11 wrote:
               | Montreal is much larger though I think? Sf is 800K or so
               | in population
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | You also presumably were able to manage your own affairs,
             | had a reputation and connections that meant you could get
             | safe living quarters without being assaulted or having your
             | stuff stolen, weren't leaving dangerous biohazards around
             | someone else needed to be paid to deal with - all of that
             | adds up.
        
         | baybal2 wrote:
         | > To that, they add chemical toilets, a water supply and (I'm
         | not sure why) 24/7 security staff. For this, the city pays
         | around $60k per tent site per year.
         | 
         | This is ridiculous, it's more than enough for annual rent of a
         | very decent apartment.
         | 
         | The fact that a mighty country of America can't fix such a
         | trivial problem shocks me.
         | 
         | With countless billions thrown onto the problem, they can
         | equally well build a few blocks of luxury skyscraper
         | apartments, and give them away.
         | 
         | Literally, for these money you can build an apartment block
         | somewhere in Dubai.
        
           | selectodude wrote:
           | You going to put a parking lot full of people into an
           | apartment?
        
             | baybal2 wrote:
             | I mean such money will be enough for multiple apartments.
             | 
             | And with West Coast states allegedly spending countless
             | billions on "doing something" about homelessness, just
             | giving away luxury apartments doesn't sound that crazy in
             | comparison to these digits.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | Consider whether you would be safe sleeping there in a tent?
         | And how about keeping all your stuff there too? Some neighbors
         | may have mental issues, there may be a criminal element (crime
         | is high in San Francisco), and others (who aren't dangerous, or
         | even if they are) need to be protected from them.
         | 
         | So I'm not sure this is best thought of as similar to normal
         | housing or similar to a campsite where they can easily kick out
         | anyone dangerous since they're far away from the city. Instead
         | you might compare with hospitals, nursing homes, or even
         | prisons, but in primitive conditions and without the necessary
         | security infrastructure. The costs aren't going to be similar.
         | 
         | Actual walls and doors with locks would probably help a lot to
         | reduce the staffing needed.
        
         | harikb wrote:
         | It is nearly impossible for an entity (city or state), with a
         | limited budget and no borders to enforce, to provide a perfect
         | solution. The "country" on the other hand is a completely
         | different matter..
        
         | pkdpic_y9k wrote:
         | With that 60k number on the table Im wondering where people
         | think a universal basic income might fit into this discussion?
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | UBI would work well for some homeless and would be a disaster
           | for others (those with severe substance abuse issues).
        
             | maqp wrote:
             | What's the actual percentage of homeless people with severe
             | substance abuse problem (i.e. one where its ~daily and they
             | wouldn't agree to treatment)?
             | 
             | This comment makes it sound like it applies to something
             | like 50% of SF homeless and that can't be right.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | For the long term chronic homeless, pretty high (that
               | and/or mental illness). For the less chronic short term
               | homeless, not high at all (or they wouldn't be short
               | term).
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | It actually is about 50%:
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http
               | s:/...
        
               | maqp wrote:
               | I'm sorry, where on that 23 page document does it say
               | 50%?
               | 
               | On Page 2 it says "On a given night in January 2010" --
               | 
               | "26.2% of all sheltered persons who were homeless had a
               | severe mental illness"
               | 
               | and
               | 
               | "34.7% of all sheltered adults who were homeless had
               | chronic substance use issues"
               | 
               | of course that was 10 years ago, so I wouldn't be
               | surprised if it has increased but still, I'd prefer more
               | accurate numbers. Did I look at wrong page?
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | Page 4
        
               | maqp wrote:
               | Ah, very good, thanks! So yeah, half of the chronically
               | homeless. That's extremely bad news. But let's remember
               | that doing drugs to forget your life has been a mess for
               | a long time is not a lifestyle choice decision.
               | 
               | There's no study on this so we can't be sure how many
               | will say yes, but given a "Finnish opportunity" of free
               | housing if you agree on medical treatment/rehabilitation
               | for the drug problem, free debt debt counseling, and a
               | state-supported employment, I suspect not many would say
               | no to what's essentially a fresh start.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | 50% actually seems way too low to me, and I wish I had
               | some time and resources to look at their methodology.
               | 
               | The other number that would seriously affect solutions is
               | whether homeless in general travel to cities that better
               | support being homeless or not. That is, how much of the
               | problem is homegrown and how much is just because
               | Seattle, LA, SF have good resources and weather? Because
               | if mobility is an significant option, the better any one
               | city does at solving their homeless problems, the worse
               | their problem will become.
               | 
               | All the studies I've seen so far have been really flawed
               | (eg most Seattle homeless living in pioneer square before
               | they became homeless).
        
         | dogorman wrote:
         | > _and (I 'm not sure why) 24/7 security staff_
         | 
         | Are you trying to make some sort of point with a show of
         | feigned ignorance, or do you really not get it? Security is the
         | second rung on Maslow's hierarchy of needs, one of the most
         | _basic_ needs.
         | 
         | You may as well write _" and (I'm not sure why) water"_.
         | Baffling. Any human being should be able to understand this
         | need without having it explained to them.
        
         | ralusek wrote:
         | My revealed preference is that, due to the economic surplus
         | produced by economic liberty, we have the _luxury_ of being
         | able to allocate resources to individuals in need. A luxury,
         | mind you, in no way guaranteed by the conditions of nature.
         | 
         | Now, given that we have the resources in order to allocate some
         | resources to individuals in need, I think it's a perfectly
         | serviceable objective to provide housing for those unable to
         | house themselves. I _don 't_, however, think it's a perfectly
         | serviceable objective to provide housing for those unable to
         | house themselves by saying that they have a right to remain on
         | an extremely space-constrained peninsula which has led to one
         | of the most competitive and expensive real estate markets on
         | the entire planet.
         | 
         | So to reiterate my revealed preference: no I don't think the
         | homeless should be housed in tents in SF, and neither do I
         | think that they have a right to be housed anywhere in SF. I
         | think that we have the luxury of surplus resources to provide
         | housing for those in need, but I think that this housing should
         | be built in an area that is not space constrained, and is as
         | economically viable as possible.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ashtonkem wrote:
         | The majority sentiment appears to be that homeless people
         | deserve to suffer to some degree, and that without pain they'll
         | never be properly motivated to get a job and rejoin society.
         | 
         | The fact that this _never_ works doesn't really seem to
         | dissuade anyone. No city has managed to solve the homelessness
         | problem with anti-sleeping architecture and police crackdowns,
         | but they'll keep trying.
        
           | bradleyjg wrote:
           | The majority sentiment in our large US cities, especially on
           | the west coast, seems to be that tens of millions of people
           | ought to have significantly reduced quality of life rather
           | than thousands of people have their freedom curtailed. Even
           | if that freedom is being used in ways that are not only
           | degrading quality of life for the tens of millions but not
           | even creating especially great quality of life for the
           | thousands.
           | 
           | We've prioritized autonomy so much that we've ended up in a
           | miserable equilibrium for all involved.
           | 
           | The only things progressives have to offer is maybe if we
           | spend just a few more tens of millions; maybe if we throw
           | just a few hundred more well intentioned social workers, drug
           | counselors, and psychologists--then those few thousands will
           | _choose_ a different path. Because obviously the universe is
           | a just one and there's never any tough tradeoffs to be made.
           | If only everyone cared as much as we progressives (aka good
           | people) wouldn't life be so glorious?
        
             | archagon wrote:
             | What is the "non-progressive" solution to homelessness? As
             | far as I can tell, it's "I don't care where you stay, but
             | it can't be here," which is obviously not an actual
             | solution in a global sense.
        
               | bradleyjg wrote:
               | Institutionalization. I'm all in favor of nice
               | institutions and every effort at rehabilitation but if
               | you are in such a condition that you can't go about your
               | life without ruining those of everyone around you, then
               | society is entitled to protect itself by removing you.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | joshribakoff wrote:
           | I don't think homeless people should suffer but there should
           | be rules. Instead of allowing people to ruin a sidewalk by
           | storing 100 stolen bicycle scraps and other trash, they
           | should be relocated to safe sleeping sites. Should tax payers
           | have their view ruined, live in stench, and have HIV positive
           | schizophrenic folks with an ax running into their place of
           | business? My friend owns a business and had to stop selling
           | merchandise due to theft. This literally happens daily here.
           | The mayor doesn't want to place some of these people in
           | conservatorship which is what's required at a certain point.
           | 
           | (I'm aware I'll be down voted by people who do not live here,
           | haven't had to call the cops for help themselves, and think I
           | am just exaggerating)
        
             | noobermin wrote:
             | Your comment seems to suggest you don't actually want the
             | situation to get better, you want people to suffer for some
             | reason. The point is the Finland solution actually works
             | and that's why it should be done.
        
               | joshribakoff wrote:
               | I literally stated I do not want them to suffer. I am not
               | arguing against sleeping sites I clearly stated I am in
               | favor of them
               | 
               | I am just stating if someone refuses the safe sleeping
               | sites and continues to break into yoga studios and throw
               | feces and blood at people, maybe there ought to be a
               | backup "solution".
               | 
               | Why does homelessness become an excuse to commit crimes?
               | We can both help homeless people and also not make them
               | immune to laws.
               | 
               | Why should my neighbor who is wheelchair bound have no
               | access to her sidewalk because a homeless guy is storing
               | 100 stolen bicycle wheels on the sidewalk?
               | 
               | I specifically want more safe sleeping sites, but I also
               | want people arrested if they refuse the safe sleeping
               | site and choose to be a menace to a society.
        
               | gordian-mind wrote:
               | Very cool application of the "Principle of charity".
        
               | noobermin wrote:
               | May be I can clarify, when I said, "it suggests..." I
               | probably should have said that if you follow the logic
               | all the way through, they don't want to actually solve
               | the issue. Who cares about how you feel? Do you want to
               | solve homelessness or do you not? What other alternative
               | is there?
        
           | bequanna wrote:
           | I don't think the sentiment is that they "deserve to suffer"
           | so much as "why should I be subsidizing the comfort of a
           | group that is so aggressively antisocial?".
           | 
           | I think it is fair to categorize the majority of interactions
           | the public has with the homeless as negative. With most
           | falling somewhere between simple harassment (aggressive
           | panhandling) and serious crime (mugging, assault, property
           | damage, etc).
           | 
           | Of course, this is a huge generalization and #notallhomeless
           | blah blah blah... But I think even those that advocate for
           | homeless would have a tough time arguing that they increase
           | the quality of life in the neighborhoods they inhabit.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | > I don't think the sentiment is that they "deserve to
             | suffer" so much as "why should I be subsidizing the comfort
             | of a group that is so aggressively antisocial?".
             | 
             | What is the effective difference between believing someone
             | deserves to suffer, and purposefully withholding aid that
             | could be rendered? One might be dressed up in more
             | comfortable language, but they both result in homeless
             | people not being helped on purpose.
             | 
             | Homeless people have objectively been let down by society,
             | of course they're antisocial. They're hungry, exposed to
             | the elements, and treated like garbage by most people they
             | interact with. Every single one of us would behave in
             | antisocial ways if we were in that situation. If you want
             | them to change, you have to begin changing the
             | circumstances that motive their current behavior. Denying
             | aid until they change is just a polite way to deny aid
             | permanently.
        
               | bequanna wrote:
               | > What is the effective difference between believing
               | someone deserves to suffer, and purposefully withholding
               | aid that could be rendered?
               | 
               | This is silly. By your logic we in the Western world are
               | essentially causing the suffering of the Uyghurs in China
               | because we haven't started a war to stop their
               | oppression.
               | 
               | You aren't complicit just because you don't try to fix
               | every wrong in the world.
               | 
               | The real world is difficult and involves suffering, pain,
               | unfairness, etc. Our resources to limit these negative
               | aspects of existence are finite. When we view someone
               | "suffering" and see it as the result of their own
               | actions, yea, I think we are even more reluctant to do
               | anything.
               | 
               | All that to say: Good luck convincing people that they
               | should allocate scarce resources to help out the people
               | who throw containers of urine at them and defecate on the
               | sidewalk in front of their apartment.
        
             | noobermin wrote:
             | If you agree homelessness is an issue than the right
             | attitude to have is to reduce it no? The Finland solution
             | actually works, so do it regardless of how you feel about
             | it? Anything short of that means you actually don't want it
             | to get better.
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >If you agree homelessness is an issue than the right
               | attitude to have is to reduce it no?
               | 
               | Back in the mid 1980s, the Village Voice[0] ran a feature
               | article entitled "What do homeless people want?"
               | 
               | The author helpfully provided an answer in the first
               | sentence of the article: "Homes, mostly."
               | 
               | Given the very visible homeless population in New York
               | City[1] at the time, and that more and more of those
               | folks were families with children, it seemed a reasonable
               | question to ask, with a readily available answer.
               | 
               | And in 2000, there was a piece in the San Jose Mercury
               | News[2] about full-time school teachers working in the
               | San Jose public schools who were living in homeless
               | shelters because they couldn't afford housing on their
               | salaries in the South Bay.
               | 
               | And yet, 30+ years later the problem is getting worse --
               | due to the lack of affordable housing stock, increasing
               | economic insecurity and inequality, among other, lesser,
               | issues.
               | 
               | So let's not continue to believe the Grimm-esque fairy
               | tale that poor people are poor because they're lazy or
               | stupid. And that _all_ homeless people are drug-addicted,
               | mentally impaired losers.
               | 
               | So what is it that homeless people want? Homes, mostly.
               | 
               | Yet our zoning and housing policies make increasing
               | housing stock to meet demand and effectively difficult,
               | if not impossible.
               | 
               | Yes, homelessness is a serious issue. And something I
               | experienced back in those fabled 1980's. And I did have a
               | drug (cocaine) problem while I was homeless. Then again,
               | I didn't start using those drugs until I was already
               | homeless. Hmmm. Correlation isn't causation, but...
               | 
               | [0] https://www.villagevoice.com/
               | 
               | [1] https://citylimits.org/2013/03/11/a-brief-history-of-
               | homeles...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.mercurynews.com/
        
               | bequanna wrote:
               | I'll go back to what I noted in my original comment: "why
               | should I subsidize the comfort of people who are so
               | aggressively antisocial?"
               | 
               | This group has generated so much negative goodwill with
               | the general public that any "logical" solution that
               | requires public $ is going to have a difficult time
               | prevailing.
               | 
               | The easiest and intuitively cheapest solution in the
               | minds of most people is: make them go somewhere else.
        
               | noobermin wrote:
               | My point is you subsidize them or the issue is not fixed
               | and the issue persists including the aspects you don't
               | like. Making them go somewhere else doesn't work because
               | somewhere else will make them go back to you.
               | 
               | I get that it's not popular with the public, that's why
               | we have these debates, because the public needs to figure
               | out whether it really wants to solve the issue by
               | partially getting over itself or it doesn't and prefers
               | to live in the bad situation that current exists.
               | 
               | EDIT: usually these arguments from the progressives
               | appeals to morality or whatever, but in this case, it's
               | literally an effectiveness argument. It works, regardless
               | how one feels so it should be done.
               | 
               | Now, if one argues "well, it might not work here," that
               | to me is a more interesting and worthwhile discussion.
               | But if one's point is "well, I don't dispute whether it
               | works or not or whether it won't work here, I just hate
               | the homeless so much I don't want to do the thing that
               | would actually fix it," leads me to question whether one
               | hates it enough to actually address the issue or not.
        
               | bequanna wrote:
               | > Making them go somewhere else doesn't work because
               | somewhere else will make them go back to you.
               | 
               | Not really true at all. If you are a Midwestern city with
               | a homeless "problem", giving them a one-way ticket to San
               | Francisco (or somewhere else that is hospitable to
               | homeless) seems to be a good way to get rid of them for
               | good.
               | 
               | If one is able to look at this situation objectively,
               | this is a really interesting and complex problem to
               | consider at the level of the municipality. Different
               | cities will have different strategies.
               | 
               | ...and like in my example above, a change in one city's
               | strategies might actually change your strategy. If San
               | Francisco starts cracking down on tent cities and tries
               | to prohibit panhandling, open drug use, etc. then those
               | Midwestern cities may have to start sending their
               | homeless to another place, or just deal with them in-
               | place.
               | 
               | The equilibrium that this game reaches may be the place
               | that has the most reasonable, humane and probably
               | expensive solution to homelessness actually increases the
               | number of homeless they have to accommodate as they
               | become a permanent draw.
        
               | wonnage wrote:
               | So your proposed outcome is that nobody has homeless
               | services?
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | Majority among _who_? People in SF?
        
           | Kalium wrote:
           | > The majority sentiment appears to be that homeless people
           | deserve to suffer to some degree
           | 
           | As far as I can tell, San Francisco doesn't seem to believe
           | this. San Francisco _does_ seem to collectively believe that
           | adding housing is an abomination to avoided at all costs and
           | that helping the homeless is a moral imperative.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | > No city has managed to solve the homelessness problem with
           | anti-sleeping architecture and police crackdowns, but they'll
           | keep trying.
           | 
           | That isn't true, of course they've solved _their_ problem
           | using such measures...by pushing them to another city. For
           | example, Bellevue WA will have the riot squad out pretty
           | quickly if you so much as lay down on a bench, and it works
           | since Seattle WA is right across the lake.
        
           | JamesBarney wrote:
           | > The majority sentiment appears to be that homeless people
           | deserve to suffer to some degree, and that without pain
           | they'll never be properly motivated to get a job and rejoin
           | society.
           | 
           | I don't think this is true at all. Citation is needed for
           | this.
        
         | opportune wrote:
         | You can't give apartments away at market rates to fix
         | homelessness because about half of the homeless people are too
         | mentally troubled/addicted to be able to handle an apartment.
         | So you still have to pay for security and now you also have to
         | pay for people to come and clean the apartments.
         | 
         | Also, SF has indoor shelters and such. Including putting people
         | in hotels. The tents, AIUI, are for people who wouldn't be
         | allowed in the shelters for whatever reason (like people with
         | dogs or people who are using drugs very frequently, not allowed
         | around children, etc.)
        
           | WhatIsDukkha wrote:
           | """about half of the homeless people are too mentally
           | troubled/addicted to be able to handle an apartment."""
           | 
           | citation needed
           | 
           | You're simply expressing your prejudice about a huge group of
           | people and you have immediate experience about a very few of
           | them that you noticed (probably because they were loud).
           | 
           | Are some people too troubled for easy housing? Absolutely,
           | but you've made this huge step into "about half" and you are
           | expressing a prejudice which keeps the problem from being
           | solved because it becomes seemingly impossible with this
           | hurdle you've invented.
        
             | Enginerrrd wrote:
             | An over estimate, but not too far off the mark:
             | 
             | "In 2019, 36% percent of the chronically homeless suffered
             | from a chronic substance abuse problem, a severe mental
             | illness, or both" [1] For the published data used to come
             | to this conclusion see [2].
             | 
             | This doesn't include less sever mental illness which almost
             | certainly contributes.
             | 
             | [1] https://sunrisehouse.com/addiction-
             | demographics/homeless-pop...
             | 
             | [2] https://files.hudexchange.info/reports/published/CoC_Po
             | pSub_...
        
               | tdeck wrote:
               | That statistic doesn't come near to supporting OP's
               | claim. There are plenty of people with substance abuse
               | problems or mental illness who could "handle" living in a
               | free apartment if it were provided to them. The fact that
               | they can't afford market-rate housing doesn't necessarily
               | mean they'd destroy any home they lived in.
        
               | Barrin92 wrote:
               | The US isn't the only country with homeless people. In
               | much of Europe where people actually can literally go and
               | obtain free social housing there are still sizeable
               | homeless populations for exactly the reason OP pointed
               | out, they cannot manage their day-to-day affairs because
               | they are drug addicted or mentally ill.
               | 
               | In Germany we have about 50k people living on the
               | streets. Technically none of those people need to be.
               | They could all get the necessary financial aid.
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | The quote you provided states that:
               | 
               | "In 2019, 36% percent of the chronically homeless
               | suffered from a chronic substance abuse problem, a severe
               | mental illness, or both"
               | 
               | The key word here is "chronic." According to the National
               | Alliance to End Homelessnes[0][1] (based on data,
               | including the link you cited, from HUD[2]), less than 20%
               | of homeless people are chronically homeless. As such,
               | less than 10% of the total homeless population "suffer
               | chronic substance abuse problem, a severe mental illness,
               | or both"
               | 
               | So you're projecting the traits of a (relatively) small
               | group onto the larger whole. An assertion which seems
               | problematic at best.
               | 
               | [0] https://endhomelessness.org/homelessness-in-
               | america/homeless...
               | 
               | [1] https://public.tableau.com/static/images/20/2020SOH_P
               | IT_bars...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.hudexchange.info/programs/coc/coc-
               | homeless-popul...
        
             | weswpg wrote:
             | > > about half of the homeless people are too mentally
             | troubled/addicted to be able to handle an apartment.
             | 
             | > citation needed
             | 
             | To fully qualify the statement made by the person you're
             | replying to:
             | 
             | I would argue that it is indeed clear that around half of
             | the individuals facing chronic homelessness urgently
             | require mental health and addiction support.
             | 
             | for those people, they may likely face crisis and be
             | consequently unable to upkeep any dwelling that is freely
             | provided to them unless they have extensive support and
             | possibly even in-patient care.
             | 
             | * About 30% of people who are chronically homeless have
             | mental health conditions.
             | 
             | * About 50% have co-occurring substance use problems.
             | 
             | https://www.homelesshub.ca/resource/individuals-
             | experiencing...
        
           | joshribakoff wrote:
           | Incredible that you're down voted for simply speaking the
           | truth. There are literally people who fling their HIV
           | positive blood or feces at anyone who approaches them and
           | carry machetes and axes. They need conservatorship not an
           | apartment
        
             | opportune wrote:
             | I guess what I said just sounds callous to people who are
             | aware of homelessness but don't have direct experience
             | trying to help them. It's a complex problem and there's a
             | reason beyond graft that it hasn't been fixed.
             | 
             | As with many things I'm sure 80% of the resources are going
             | to the 20% of people who are the most difficult to handle.
             | Many homeless people are normal people who are just very
             | down on their luck. But those homeless people are often
             | "invisible" to the general public since they usually don't
             | sleep rough, yell at people on the street, etc.
             | 
             | Finland can probably solve it because they fund "inpatient
             | mental health services" which is what can actually fix
             | homelessness for the most difficult people suffering it.
             | That is super expensive though.
        
               | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
               | On the other hand, you cannot force people into the wards
               | unless they pose grave danger to themselves or the
               | society.
               | 
               | And the current sentiment is that yelling slurs or
               | urinating in a subway is not grave enough to justify
               | involuntary confinement.
        
               | ghufran_syed wrote:
               | Not quite true in California - being "gravely disabled"
               | also justifies involuntary detainment and treatment: "A
               | condition in which a person, as a result of a mental
               | health disorder, is unable to provide for his or her
               | basic personal needs for food, clothing, or shelter."
               | 
               | In reality though, the lack of funding for such people
               | means that only the most severe are treated under this
               | category. What's required is the funding and political
               | will to enforce it, the necessary legal structure is
               | already in place.
               | 
               | https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySec
               | tio...
        
               | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
               | > "A condition in which a person, as a result of a mental
               | health disorder, is unable to provide for his or her
               | basic personal needs for food, clothing, or shelter."
               | 
               | Wait a minute. Does it also apply to all these infamous
               | unemployed college graduates who still live with parents?
        
               | kayodelycaon wrote:
               | This really isn't funny or comparable. Unemploymed
               | college graduates do not lack the capacity to do these
               | things, they have a choice to do them or not do them.
               | 
               | People with mental health issues that compromise their
               | ability to care for themselves don't have a choice.
        
               | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
               | Not funny, indeed, but how do we tell people who "can,
               | but don't want" from those who want, but cannot care for
               | themselves?
        
               | kayodelycaon wrote:
               | In most cases, that's fairly easy to tell by looking at
               | their history, current living situation, and cognitive
               | abilities.
               | 
               | Also, are those who are lazy really the majority case
               | here? Or a straw man being used to justify ignoring the
               | problem?
        
               | swearwolf wrote:
               | From what I've heard from mental health professionals, in
               | practice simply being able to answer some very basic
               | questions (like "Are you hungry? If so, what should you
               | do?") with plausible answers ("I should eat") is
               | sufficient to pass the "gravely disabled" test.
        
               | smoe wrote:
               | The difference might be that mental issues are identified
               | and cared for much earlier, before people end up on the
               | streets and things worsen more and more. Locking people
               | up into wards is not the only option.
               | 
               | Not at all an expert in this, but it sounds like there
               | are much more mentally ill people in the streets in the
               | US compared to other places.
        
               | FooBarBizBazz wrote:
               | I'd bet more American families kick their problem
               | relatives out instead of caring for them within the
               | household. "Not my responsibility."
        
             | jimbob45 wrote:
             | Sounds like those people belong in an asylum then, not an
             | apartment.
             | 
             | I know some asylums are mismanaged and let's just pretend
             | they're not here and that states properly fund and regulate
             | them.
        
               | FooBarBizBazz wrote:
               | It's a gray area. There are people who, with care and
               | looking-after, can be useful-if-weird members of society,
               | but who without that support would spiral out of control.
               | "Crazy"/"not-crazy" isn't a binary.
        
           | andrepd wrote:
           | You're not wrong except when you say "about half". Unless you
           | have hard statistics it's better to refrain from throwing
           | numbers up in the air.
        
         | eplanit wrote:
         | They used to be called "Hoovervilles" [1].
         | 
         | San Fran can instead appropriate newly vacated office buildings
         | and turn them into modern, high-rise versions. Because they've
         | created the shithole that the city is now, it's frankly hard to
         | give a damn how much more they befoul themselves.
         | 
         | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hooverville
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dnautics wrote:
         | > Our revealed preference
         | 
         | Is this revealed preference? It's clearly due to political
         | drag, corruption, hubris, or something that is not necessarily
         | preferences of individuals in SF.
         | 
         | It's not like people aren't trying. IIRC Marc Benioff (who I
         | have no particular love for) donated 30 million to homelessness
         | "research" to UCSF, and 17 million to various direct programs.
         | Last homeless point in time count estimates 8k homeless in SF;
         | let's round up to 10k; leaving aside the soft corruption that
         | might have gone into that grant (come on, we have a probably
         | 80% correct model of what causes homelessness), that's TWO
         | PEOPLE who could have given enough money to go a third of the
         | way to paying $1500mo/homeless person rent. estimating that the
         | all-in cost for social services per person is a generous
         | $1000/mo.... it seems that this situation is eminently
         | solvable.
        
           | scottLobster wrote:
           | In any democratic system the government exists with the
           | consent of the majority of people. If solving the homeless is
           | a priority for the constituents, they can vote out the ruling
           | government as punishment. That hasn't happened yet,
           | indicating it's just not a high priority for most people
           | living in SF. The gap between voicing an opinion and taking
           | action is large.
           | 
           | Of course voting out the ruling government might mean voting
           | in someone they disagree with on other issues, but this is
           | why single issue voters get more things done politically than
           | their "wiser" counterparts who try to consider all the
           | variables.
           | 
           | It's the same with the various opinion polls that make
           | headlines showing "75% of Americans want X, so why is the
           | government still refusing?" The simple answer is far less
           | than 75% are willing to base their vote solely on X, whereas
           | the opposition often is.
        
             | dnautics wrote:
             | > Of course...
             | 
             | so, in short, it's not revealed preference.
        
               | scottLobster wrote:
               | Depends on how you define "preference". Any number of
               | people would "prefer" any number of things in a vacuum
               | that fall apart when put up against the real world.
               | That's not a particularly useful definition of
               | "preference". I'd argue what people truly "prefer" is
               | revealed by what they are willing to take action on.
        
               | dnautics wrote:
               | Many people prefer that china not torture uighurs, but
               | they are, understandably, not willing to take action on
               | it.
               | 
               | Preferences are not 'revealed' by action because even if
               | we were hyper rational, action would take into account
               | expected success, which may be depressed by factors that
               | have nothing to do with our preferences.
               | 
               | I reject your operational definition of preferences. I
               | Think most people would be with me on this one.
        
               | scottLobster wrote:
               | I'd argue most people would be willing to take action on
               | it, they simply don't have to power to do so and can't be
               | reasonably expected to achieve that power. Whereas people
               | in SF who have voting rights DO have power over what
               | politicians do about the local homeless situation.
               | 
               | When a group has the power to change something but
               | chooses to prioritize other things instead (which may be
               | a valid response, depending on circumstances), it's clear
               | that the group "prefers" the thing they do over whatever
               | they might say.
               | 
               | This is all a long-winded version of "Actions speak
               | louder than words", or more in context: "votes speak
               | louder than opinions".
               | 
               | I reject your purely theoretical definition of
               | "preferences". I imagine most people would "prefer" to
               | eat and drink whatever they want, never exercise and
               | still maintain perfect health. Unfortunately in the real
               | worth that "preference" is completely irrelevant, and
               | plenty of people (myself included) don't "prefer" health
               | all the time for any number of reasons.
        
             | nerdponx wrote:
             | > In any democratic system the government exists with the
             | consent of the majority of people.
             | 
             | This is incomplete to the point of being incorrect. The
             | correct version is:
             | 
             | > In any democratic system the government exists with the
             | consent of the majority of people who happen to have the
             | time/energy/intelligence to research candidates and
             | physically cast a vote in spite of various barriers to
             | voting, choosing from among the small number of candidates
             | who happen to be running.
        
               | scottLobster wrote:
               | Sure, but so long as the democracy is still technically
               | functioning those laws can be changed with enough
               | support. Most of the barriers in place, whether they
               | should be there or not, are not insurmountable.
               | 
               | I guess I'm defining consent as "anything less than a
               | desire for violent overthrow of the government" because
               | that's the primary problem democracies solve. Things can
               | still get bad to the point where in any other system a
               | violent rebellion would take place, it's just that in a
               | functioning democracy there's a bloodless rebellion at
               | the ballot box instead of a civil war.
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | This is really a curse of the two-party system, although
             | California has open top-two primaries so you'd think they'd
             | be less susceptible to this issue.
        
               | option wrote:
               | California has been single party for quite some time.
               | Much like "united russia" in Russia.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | If different factions in a party can put forward
               | different people who can make it to the top two, the open
               | primary makes the point moot as long as they disagree
               | enough.
               | 
               | The religious and more recently nativist turns that the
               | GOP has taken nationally have made them uncompetitive in
               | California; it's notable that the last Republican
               | governor of California was neither of those things while
               | that transition was happening.
        
               | Leherenn wrote:
               | Even multi-party systems suffer from this. You will never
               | have enough parties to satisfy everyone on every issue.
               | It's also worsened by the multiple years between
               | elections, the feedback cycles are very slow, and too
               | much is muddled together when there's an election.
               | 
               | I would have said the solution is referendums, where the
               | population can regularly vote on some specific issue. But
               | as far as I understand California's "proposition" fit
               | this, and they don't really seem to work.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | Referendums are flawed because
               | 
               | * referendums, as a single-issue-only vote, suffer when
               | an electorate is only thinking about immediate first-
               | order effects, and due to how many issues are happening
               | at the same time it's also very easy to get voter
               | fatigue. WA has been through a few cycles for lowering
               | car tab fees to $30, it ends up being ruled
               | unconstitutional by the state Supreme Court due to
               | procedural errors, and in the meantime it totally wrecks
               | budgets. But who would vote down a tax cut for themselves
               | even if the final figure has no bearing on reality?
               | Similar story with Prop 13 and all the nasty knock-on
               | things it has caused.
               | 
               | * referendums only represent a snapshot in time, but due
               | to inertia it is hard to change it. Is Scotland going to
               | get a second vote after Brexit? Who knows? New Caledonia
               | is trying a third time in three years for an independence
               | referendum.
        
         | durpkingOP wrote:
         | How does it only cost $60k when 1 individual security guard
         | would be homeless earning only $60k themselves in a year in San
         | Francisco?
        
         | Salgat wrote:
         | The hardest part of dealing with homelessness in America is
         | that homeless people will migrate to the best areas to live and
         | beg, which unfortunately also means that certain cities become
         | targets to bear the brunt of the nation's homeless expenses,
         | which incentivizes them to try to push out homeless to make
         | other city's/state's problem. Finland is smart by making this a
         | nation-wide solution.
        
           | umvi wrote:
           | Why don't all of EU's homeless simply migrate to Finland
           | then?
        
             | maqp wrote:
             | "You cannot secure your means of support with benefits paid
             | by the society."
             | 
             | See more info under "income requirement" under
             | https://migri.fi/en/residence-permit-on-other-grounds
             | 
             | Sure, you can apply for e.g. political asylum, but even
             | then some restriction apply.
        
             | gsnedders wrote:
             | There's a bunch of complexity in EU law around certain
             | benefits, housing and unemployment benefits among them.
             | 
             | Those who weren't already resident in Finland, Finland
             | doesn't have any responsibility towards.
        
             | stepanhruda wrote:
             | Language and cultural barrier. Moving between EU countries
             | is a much bigger psychological deal than between US states.
             | 
             | Also, Finland's weather is a negative if you are homeless.
        
             | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
             | Freedom of movement is conditional, you cannot be an undue
             | burden on social assistance system of the host member
             | state, which you are if you are homeless and don't have any
             | job.
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | unfamiliarity of culture and language probably plays a big
             | role compared to the US, where everything is available in
             | English by default. A large amount of Finns speak English,
             | but then that would require a person moving there to also
             | speak English well, which I wouldn't say is a given.
             | 
             | Also, compared to the moderate Mediterranean climate of,
             | say, SF, Finland has very harsh winters, which would make
             | it very unattractive for sleeping outdoors.
        
         | re-al wrote:
         | "Our revealed preference seems to be that we'd rather have
         | homeless people live in tents than have poor people get free or
         | nearly free housing."
         | 
         | Well, I'm sick of your preferences; they make no sense to me.
         | 
         | I'm being facetious, but why talk that way? You are an
         | individual. If you have an opinion state it.
         | 
         | Government and its decisions are not you, you do not need to
         | pretend that you agree with these decisions, or that they are
         | somehow the result of a benign expression of voting decisions
         | that you are bought into.
        
           | Kalium wrote:
           | > I'm being facetious, but why talk that way? You are an
           | individual. If you have an opinion state it.
           | 
           | This phrasing makes clear the policy preference of the polity
           | of San Francisco while _also_ implying that the author does
           | not agree with it.
           | 
           | As you say, the author is an individual and does not need to
           | pretend to agree! This author seems to agree with you. They
           | have expressed their opinion as well as noted that of of the
           | polity.
        
         | JoeyBananas wrote:
         | > Our revealed preference seems to be that we'd rather have
         | homeless people live in tents than have poor people get free or
         | nearly free housing.
         | 
         | The reason why such programs exist in the first place is
         | because of San Francisco's highly liberal government. There is
         | no doubt that the politicians would absolutely love to give
         | people houses for free, but they can't because that would be
         | even more expensive.
         | 
         | The San Francisco system is flawed by design. It's not
         | economical to support people with welfare because America is
         | not a communist nation. Homelessness should not be considered
         | to be primarily the government's problem. If the economy is
         | strong, homelessness as a problem will largely disappear and
         | charities will take care of the rest of them.
        
         | baron816 wrote:
         | The city is still giving out lots of housing. Except when the
         | city tries to build housing, it takes many years and $800k per
         | unit.
         | 
         | The city has put up so many regulatory hurdles that make it
         | almost impossible to build anything. Consider this project that
         | would've added 19 housing units
         | https://twitter.com/samdman95/status/1415839145386196993. It
         | was blocked because it would've increased shadow cover on
         | Delores Park by .001% (as if SF has a shadow problem instead of
         | a housing problem).
         | 
         | There really is no point in the city trying to build housing
         | for the homeless without addressing the regulatory issues
         | first. If the city were to try to build housing for all its (by
         | the official count) 8000 homeless people, it would cost >$6
         | billion.
        
           | malandrew wrote:
           | Relative to pretty much all other markets, it's practically
           | impossible to solve homelessness in San Francisco. There are
           | at least two major considerations. The first is the one you
           | pointed out that there are far too many barriers. The second
           | is that San Francisco is a fundamentally hard city to succeed
           | in. Even competent folks with good educations and no real
           | personal problems struggle to do well in San Francisco. If it
           | is hard for such people, it's only going to be far more
           | difficult for people without the same education and with many
           | personal problems.
           | 
           | With these two major constraints in mind, it boggles my mind
           | that we continue to try and solve the problem in San
           | Francisco, instead of directing all the resources to other
           | markets without these constraints.
           | 
           | Providing resources elsewhere and removing support in San
           | Francisco will serve to incentivize the homeless to relocate
           | to places where programs like housing first can be tried and
           | where they have a chance of actually getting on their own two
           | feet because they aren't in a hyper-competitive local market.
           | 
           | Last time someone asked me to donate money to the homeless
           | problem in San Francisco, I told them no, but then proceeded
           | to donate money to a homeless program in another city (at the
           | time I chose a program in Sacremento) because it's beyond
           | stupid to keep putting money into trying to solve the problem
           | in San Francisco if you actually want to see results from the
           | money you spend on the problem.
           | 
           | People working on this problem in San Francisco either have
           | more heart than brains or they are part of the San Francisco
           | homelessness industrial complex and have a vested interest in
           | keeping these programs in San Francisco because they want to
           | live in San Francisco and are employed in this industry.
           | 
           | Social worker salaries in San Francisco are $60k to $100k a
           | year. If you can pay for two to three social workers in other
           | markets instead for the same price, why pay for such people
           | to work in San Francisco.
        
           | ashtonkem wrote:
           | And solving the regulatory hurdles might also might start to
           | reduce the homelessness problem before the city even starts
           | giving away free units to anyone in need.
        
         | ineedasername wrote:
         | The causes of homelessness may be different in SF vs. Finland.
         | Mental health & drug addiction are common problems among long-
         | term homeless in the US. Resolving homelessness requires better
         | solutions to those issues as well.
        
           | maqp wrote:
           | You need both, like here in Finland. E.g. see info on housing
           | under https://www.espoo.fi/en-
           | US/Social_and_health_services/Health...
        
             | ineedasername wrote:
             | Thanks for the reference, pretty much as I would expect
             | things to be. Homelessness doesn't just happen, there's a
             | cause that must be dealt with.
        
           | kebman wrote:
           | As far as I can see, Finland has some of the lowest drug
           | abuse in the world, so it stands to reason that providing
           | homes is more affordable for them. As far as I remember, they
           | used to have a bigger problem with alcohol than their Nordic
           | neighbours, but I'm unsure if this is still the case.
        
         | zhoujianfu wrote:
         | How many tents fit in one of those sites? $5K a month for maybe
         | 50 people seems pretty affordable ($100/mo)?
        
           | dannyr wrote:
           | It's 60K PER tent!
        
         | joshribakoff wrote:
         | Currently people experiencing homelessness can effectively
         | sleep anywhere without being sweeped by the city. The police
         | department lets me know they cannot physically move the tents
         | without an eviction process and can only issue a misdemeanor
         | which only entails fines that these people most likely will not
         | pay anyway. The police department lets me know this is Chessea
         | Boudin's policy and that all they can do without a court order
         | is ask the homeless people to move nicely. By Fulton and Great
         | Highway there are often lines of cars to buy drugs from people
         | living in this one RV who apparently have a "right" to be
         | there. Police state the individuals turn down the help offered
         | by the homeless outreach team. The individuals turn the area
         | into a literal dump, junk yard, and trap.
         | 
         | (I'm aware I'll be down voted by people who do not live here,
         | haven't had to call the cops for help themselves, and think I
         | am just exaggerating)
        
           | swearwolf wrote:
           | For the record, this kind of thing is absolutely happening in
           | San Francisco, and it's happening in other West Coast cities
           | as well, like Portland. The OP is a little off in their
           | attribution. The biggest cause of this is the 9th Circuit
           | ruling in Martin v. Boise, which dictated that cities cannot
           | force a person not to camp on public land unless they can
           | offer a meaningful alternative. Cities have built their own
           | policies to deal with this, and then multiple cities on the
           | West Coast also elected progressive District Attorneys, who
           | explicitly consider things like what the OP is describing to
           | be "non-violent" crimes, and therefore not a priority. Here's
           | what San Francisco DA Chesa Boudin said about this:
           | 
           | "We will not prosecute cases involving quality-of-life
           | crimes," he said. "Crimes such as public camping, offering or
           | soliciting sex, public urination, blocking a sidewalk, etc.,
           | should not and will not be prosecuted. Many of these crimes
           | are still being prosecuted; we have a long way to go to
           | decriminalize poverty and homelessness."
           | 
           | That's a noble goal, but it comes with a HUGE blind spot -
           | namely the intersection of homelessness and criminality. The
           | apparent implication is that the citizens impacted by these
           | "quality of life crimes" can go pound sand.
        
         | Cpoll wrote:
         | > the city pays around $60k per tent site per year
         | 
         | Is this number missing a zero? That sounds very reasonable for
         | use of land and 24/7 security. And at $5k a month I'm not sure
         | how many apartments you can afford. Or is that meant to be $60k
         | per tenant? How many people can you house in one of these
         | sites?
        
           | graeme wrote:
           | $60K per tenant
        
             | morsch wrote:
             | https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/S-F-
             | officials-w...
        
           | bzbarsky wrote:
           | "Tent site" usually means "place for a single tent". If
           | grandparent has the usual usage, it's $60k/tenant, unless
           | people are sharing tents.
        
             | Cpoll wrote:
             | Thank you for the clarification, that makes much more
             | sense.
        
           | sologoub wrote:
           | It's $5k per tent per month - you can rent 2-3 studios for
           | that, even in SF. A similar program in LA is coming in at
           | $2100 per rent per month, definitely enough for at least one
           | apartment: https://ktla.com/news/local-news/east-hollywood-
           | tent-village...
           | 
           | That's the point the original article made - they were
           | throwing money at short-term shelters and other things, just
           | like everyone else and the problem got worse not better.
           | Instead, doing stable housing first and applying conditions
           | later allowed people to adapt. I suspect that they also get
           | to re-use units the NGOs bought to house next set of people
           | once the initial occupants have improved their situation
           | enough.
           | 
           | If one were to use the $2100 for mortgage payment as well,
           | with taxes/hoa/insurance included, that would finance over
           | $400k worth of unit.
        
             | s5300 wrote:
             | Landlords aren't going to be so keen on letting the
             | homeless be shoved in their rentals when they'll likely be
             | filled by non-homeless soon enough.
        
               | sologoub wrote:
               | Have you heard of Section 8? There are landlords who
               | specialize in such programs - the benefits are quite
               | compelling for the right cashflow setup, taking the
               | Finnish model as the example: you rent to the NGO that
               | has government backing (e.g. risk of nonpayment goes to
               | near zero), the NGO assumes all risk and is responsible
               | for the unit. That's a pretty great deal compared to the
               | Landlord being responsible for vacancy, individual tenant
               | management, etc.
        
               | maqp wrote:
               | Plus here in Finland the city owned apartments etc. are
               | distributed around the city (not the Manhattans but the
               | rest). Thus there are no slums in Finland and thus
               | there's practically zero gang problems: there's exactly
               | two city districts in the entire Finland I would not feel
               | safe walking at night. So individuals renting to NGOs,
               | city buying apartments etc. benefit both the community as
               | well as the individual who gets out of the crayfish
               | trap.*
               | 
               | *There's a popular analogy with crayfish traps here in
               | Finland wrt. one individual finding their way out of the
               | trap, only to have the other crabs pull them back in.
        
               | s5300 wrote:
               | Sorry, I was speaking specifically with regards to San
               | Francisco w/the parent. And yes, I believe there is some
               | Sec 8 in SF, but not exactly the point of the current
               | issue.
        
               | sologoub wrote:
               | We have to structure the incentives to drive the outcome.
               | Sec 8 is one program that (for all its faults) has shown
               | effective and manageable. The door swings both ways -
               | need to ensure good landlords want to provide housing and
               | the "slumlords" are identified and punished/removed from
               | programs.
               | 
               | SF also has the BMR program that's designed to provide
               | ownership opportunities for low income people. If NGOs
               | with State backing could be involved, BMR inventory could
               | be an interesting starting point. Then you could provide
               | additional incentives to developers to include even more
               | BMR units, etc.
        
           | dillondoyle wrote:
           | is per tent site === one single 'parking space' for one
           | homeless person's tent? if so it's outrageous.
           | 
           | Even if it means say a parking lot for 20, that seems pretty
           | crazy. You can just give $2k to buy an apartment, if you are
           | puritan and have to control whether or not they spend it on
           | substances just pay the landlord directly. Probably has to be
           | a place that can get cleaned up easily though after they move
           | on.
        
             | pbourke wrote:
             | That amount of money buys a lot of tiny houses - maybe 2
             | for $60k.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | It can't possibly be $60K just to provide 24/7 security for
             | a year for a whole location, right? That's a bare minimum
             | of 5 full-time employees, but more likely 6 to 8.
        
               | maqp wrote:
               | How much does a set of bullet proof window for a tiny
               | one-bedroom apartment, and a security door cost? Guarded
               | tent-site sounds like pouring truckloads of money to the
               | sea.
        
         | jlmorton wrote:
         | > It would be cheaper to rent apartments at current market
         | rates, even in San Francisc
         | 
         | Indeed it would, but that is not a realistic option. These are
         | high needs groups, many with severe mental disorders and drug
         | addictions.
         | 
         | It is an embarrassment that we don't have better infrastructure
         | to serve these groups, but it's tough renting out market rate
         | apartments to serve them. Landlords of course have to agree.
         | 
         | SF is able to do this with custom-built housing, or Project
         | Roomkey, but it's not like we can find 4,500 private apartments
         | where landlords will happily put up a schizophrenic guy with a
         | meth addiction.
         | 
         | It's also worth pointing out that $60k for these sites is not
         | just payment for shelter. It includes three meals a day, social
         | services, security, sanitation.
        
           | noobermin wrote:
           | May be for some of the houseless but many don't have mental
           | disorders or drug addictions, many people are just down on
           | their luck. Also, pretty sure Finland has people with those
           | issues as well.
        
             | hutzlibu wrote:
             | "but many don't have mental disorders or drug addictions,
             | many people are just down on their luck"
             | 
             | Be out of luck for a while and chances are high, that you
             | develope mental disorders as well as drug addictions.
        
             | azinman2 wrote:
             | Do you live in SF? It's quite apparent that a huge
             | percentage of the homeless, if not the majority, have a
             | mental disorder, drug addiction, or both.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | That's just for the visible chronic homeless. There are
               | plenty of homeless people living under the radar in their
               | cars and such that really are just down in their luck,
               | and don't get noticed them because they aren't chronic
               | cases.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | Sure. But they do get captured here:
               | https://hsh.sfgov.org/wp-
               | content/uploads/2020/01/ExecutiveSu...
               | 
               | 69% are reporting being disabled in some way that's
               | preventing them from being housed (read: addiction,
               | mental illness, health issues resulting from these, etc).
               | 42% are self reporting _current_ addiction, 39% have
               | _self reported current_ psychiatric /emotional disorder
               | of some kind, and 37% with PTSD (apparently getting
               | separately reported from the prior stat). These numbers
               | are likely higher in reality.
               | 
               | Of course there are some that lost their job, don't make
               | enough, etc. That's the population that you could expect
               | to make a come back with support. But a very significant
               | portion are beyond tractable. Drive thru the tenderloin
               | and tell me what you see is rehabilitatable.
               | 
               | Seems to me the easier story would be preventing
               | homelessness in the first place, which would involve
               | making our society kinder for all, not just the homeless.
               | It got significantly worse after Regan defunded the
               | mental health wards. Many progressives support this cause
               | of holding people against their will -- I'm not sure
               | being homeless and mentally ill is more humane. At some
               | point it's easier to centralize long term care than to ad
               | hoc beds and social services.
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | That isn't a given. It could be that the standard strong
             | social safety net is enough to keep people without
             | substance abuse or mental illness problems out of
             | homelessness. It would be interesting to do an honest
             | accounting, at any rate.
        
               | noobermin wrote:
               | Are you saying talking about the social safety net in
               | Finland or the US? I don't understand the argument you're
               | making, if anything the weakness of the social safety net
               | in the US bolsters my argument that a larger fraction of
               | homeless people in the US are just down on their luck
               | relative to the fraction of homeless people in Finland.
               | 
               | EDIT: In order to avoid deepening the thread, may you
               | restate your point so that I can understand what you
               | mean?
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Finland.
               | 
               | Also I'm not sure how to evaluate "a large fraction of
               | the homeless are just down in their luck." Those are the
               | easy cases that are more likely to get effective help
               | already, even in more dysfunctional American cities. And
               | if they aren't, we have a much better chance of doing a
               | better job there, since their problems are much easier to
               | solve than those of the more chronic homeless.
               | 
               | In fact, our first priority should be to prevent "down in
               | their luck" homeless cases from becoming chronic
               | "substance abuse/mental illness" homeless cases.
        
           | abeppu wrote:
           | > where landlords will happily put up a schizophrenic guy
           | with a meth addiction.
           | 
           | Isn't this a discrimination under the Fair Housing Act? My
           | understanding is that both mental illness and drug addiction
           | can constitute a disability.
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | Neither the mentally ill nor drug addicts are protected
             | classes. The best protection they will get is under the
             | ADA, and I've never seen it be used to argue for access to
             | housing for non-physical handicaps.
        
               | jjeaff wrote:
               | That is not correct. I'm sure mental illness would
               | qualify for ADA protection with the correct doctor's note
               | and filings. Drug addiction is definitely protected under
               | the ADA.
               | 
               | (Pdf) https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/drug-
               | addiction-aand-...
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Not for housing. Protection yes, but landlords are not
               | required to not evict a paranoid schizophrenic that has
               | threatened violence on other residents (and the eviction
               | sticks when they try to rent later). The ADA also doesn't
               | prevent landlords from ignoring drug convictions from
               | someone a substance abuser. They can't ask you for your
               | status, but they won't ignore any other signals that are
               | a consequence of that status.
        
             | bequanna wrote:
             | Maybe... but most localities will allow you to do a
             | background check.
             | 
             | As a former landlord, I can almost guarantee someone with
             | the problems you mention will and felonies, poor rental
             | references, and/or evictions. You can easily use those to
             | legally disqualify a prospective tenant.
        
         | kebman wrote:
         | An important difference is that Helsinki regularly has
         | temperatures down to -7degC or 19.4degF in the winter, on
         | average. While you _can_ live in tents at those temperatures,
         | given well insulated sleeping bags and clothes, it 's not
         | exactly comfortable. And for people with drug or mental issues
         | it can be deadly, say, if they're too far gone to take the
         | proper precautions. Meanwhile San Fran winter temps are as far
         | as I can see about 14degC or 52.2degF on average. But yeah, if
         | the cost you're indicating is true, then it's completely
         | outrageous. Though it's not the first time I've heard about
         | high costs involved with social cases in the West. I suspect
         | some of it is political, but some might also be due to simple
         | profiteering since these people doesn't exactly present a
         | strong political lobby themselves.
        
         | mioasndo wrote:
         | > For this, the city pays around $60k per tent site per year.
         | I'm not sure if this is in part due to some unsavory
         | relationship between the org administering the program and some
         | city official. Recently the program was extended. It would be
         | cheaper to rent apartments at current market rates, even in San
         | Francisco.
         | 
         | 60k per tent site, as in - multiple, like a dozen, tents? Or
         | 60k per tent?
        
           | option wrote:
           | 60k per single tent
        
             | mioasndo wrote:
             | Wow, that's almost double the median individual income.
        
       | saklani wrote:
       | Finland be like: fuck it, lets just end homelessness by giving
       | everyone a home.
        
       | wcerfgba wrote:
       | The Housing First approach has been around for a while and has
       | plenty of evidence to support it [1]. Good to see further uptake
       | and to see this on front page HN. :)
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_First
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | These programs have existed in several large US cities for over
         | a decade. They're not well known, though. Usually people who
         | live in a city with one of these programs think that their city
         | is unique for having done it.
         | 
         | The programs do help, but they're not a magic bullet for all
         | homelessness. I have a group of friends who have made careers
         | in this space. Sadly, getting housing for these people is only
         | half the of the solution. The temporary homeless really do use
         | these housing units as a springboard to get back on their feet,
         | usually moving out as they get their lives in order. The
         | challenge is the rest of the residents who aren't interested in
         | even free services to help get them change their lives or
         | overcome their issues. It's also a challenge to get some of the
         | residents to cooperate with the rules of these housing units
         | (which aren't different than regular rentals, nothing onerous).
        
           | bjornsing wrote:
           | > The challenge is the rest of the residents who aren't
           | interested in even free services to help get them change
           | their lives or overcome their issues.
           | 
           | As I understand it, the trick is to just accept that these
           | people exist and still need a roof over their head. Turns out
           | that's cheaper than policing them when living on the streets.
        
       | tcbasche wrote:
       | It's definitely noticeable as a newly-adopted Helsinkian. I think
       | I might have seen like 3 people on the street asking for change
       | in the last couple of months. And it's the same 3 people...
        
       | 988747 wrote:
       | I forsee a lot of people becoming "homeless" in the near future,
       | so that they can get the free housing.
        
         | MeinBlutIstBlau wrote:
         | >"Housing First", on the other hand, reverses the path:
         | Homeless people get a flat - without any preconditions. Social
         | workers help them with applications for social benefits and are
         | available for counselling in general. In such a new, secure
         | situation,
         | 
         | It's more of an IOU handout. We will help you if you're willing
         | to help yourself. Although this is somewhat of a detractor:
         | 
         | >4 out of 5 homeless people will be able to keep their flat for
         | a long time with "Housing First" and lead a more stable life.
         | 
         | Not sure that I'd like to live somewhere with constantly
         | changing tenants and people who may have bouts of mental issues
         | that I'd have to suffer through. I've lived in a low cost
         | apartment. It's fine so long as you ignore the relationship
         | issues.
         | 
         | My only beef with this is then it gives a lot of people the
         | reason to believe that it's okay to live a lifestyle outside
         | your means because you can always get free housing if you lose
         | it all. Part of the incentive to prevent you from blowing all
         | your money on toys is ending up homeless since you can't pay
         | your bills.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Please provide data to back this unfounded assertion.
        
           | CryptoPunk wrote:
           | There is nothing unfounded about the claim that people are
           | driven by self-interest. What data is he/she supposed to
           | produce for a new policy that is only going to show the full
           | scope of its impact over 50 years?
           | 
           | EDIT, I'm being rate-limited, so I'll respond to the below
           | here:
           | 
           | No, there is very clear negative correlation between economic
           | growth and government spending levels:
           | 
           | https://web.archive.org/web/20170821004405/http://ime.bg/upl.
           | ..
           | 
           | Calling it "wild speculation" is disingenuous given social
           | welfare spending's well documented negative impact on
           | economic efficiency, and the basic economic theory that
           | predicts this outcome.
           | 
           | >>there are overwhelming examples of entitlement systems that
           | are solvent and functional despite a level of free ridership.
           | 
           | The most commonly cited example, Scandinavia, shows the
           | opposite of what's popularly believed:
           | 
           | https://iea.org.uk/publications/research/scandinavian-
           | unexce...
           | 
           | >>Stop holding back progress with unconstructive and
           | uneducated critiques of iterative improvements to the social
           | safety net apparatus.
           | 
           | Stop taking it as a priori that any move toward your
           | preferred economic system; social democracy, is progress, and
           | any one who questions it is being "unconstructive and
           | uneducated". It's a very emotional/unconstructive attitude to
           | bring to a discussion of such importance.
        
             | cloudfifty wrote:
             | as usual you're just using your market fundamentalist links
             | to prove your market fundamentalist ideas despite
             | overwhelming on-the-ground evidence that e.g. Scandinavia
             | has been a remarkable success.
        
               | CryptoPunk wrote:
               | If you dismiss any evidence that shows that social
               | democracy doesn't work, including the evidence I provided
               | about Scandinavia, which clearly shows how unsuccessful
               | social democracy has been there, then of course you're
               | only going to see the evidence supporting your pre-
               | conceived notions. It would be impossible for any amount
               | of evidence to cause you to change your mind when you
               | take it as a priori that such evidence is from "market
               | fundamentalists" and thus not credible.
               | 
               | "as usual",
               | 
               | the only thing "usual" is how reluctant those conforming
               | to the mainstream ideology are to examine evidence that
               | contradicts their narrative.
        
               | jahaja wrote:
               | As the saying goes; Extraordinary claims requires
               | extraordinary evidence. A couple of free market think
               | tank links don't meet that standard. There has to be some
               | kind of a bar that must be met to warrant the effort of a
               | response.
               | 
               | Please provide a link to a single respectable [economic]
               | historian that support your claim that social democracy
               | is a proven failure compared to others. No free market
               | think tanks or figures please.
               | 
               | > as usual
               | 
               | Yes, you are always using the same ~3 think tank links
               | and have obviously never ever even tried to refute your
               | own ideas because you otherwise wouldn't say thinks like
               | "we've moved increasingly towards soc dem the last 60
               | years". Third-way soc dem that actually happened is
               | exactly the opposite? It's just so blatantly wrong it's
               | pathetic, why should one spend efforts refuting that when
               | you've clearly haven't put in any effort in yourself.
               | Government spending is not synonymous with Social
               | Democracy ffs.
               | 
               | Here's an actual paper from this year explaining what
               | actually have happened:
               | 
               | "The rightward shift and electoral decline of social
               | democratic parties under increasing inequality"
               | 
               | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01402382.202
               | 1.1...
               | 
               | Key quote:
               | 
               | "As equality was a founding principle of social democracy
               | and protection of the welfare state has historically been
               | a strong means of mobilisation for Social Democrats, the
               | party family's turn away from these traditions, while
               | inequality rises across the West, has been detrimental to
               | their fortunes."
               | 
               | They adopted more and more market principles, and with
               | that rising inequality, and has as such declined all over
               | Europe.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | Wild speculation masquerading as an educated opinion holds
             | negative value. If you make the assertion, provide facts to
             | back it. People _are_ self interested and yet there are
             | overwhelming examples of entitlement systems that are
             | solvent and functional despite a level of free ridership
             | (which is unavoidable). We provide food assistance to
             | people, some of whom might be able to work a bit more to
             | not need it, but the benefit is overwhelmingly positive.
             | Everyone will not immediately become reckless if universal
             | healthcare is provided. This is no different. Everyone will
             | not quit their jobs tomorrow to get a free home, just as
             | everyone has not quit their jobs to live off of food stamps
             | (or your country 's equivalent benefit).
             | 
             | The worst that happens is its an experiment that fails, and
             | there is still value in the data point. If you're not in
             | Finland, and you're not contributing financially to this,
             | I'd like you share _why_ you _feel_ so revolted by this
             | idea, as we have to get to the heart of the core belief or
             | value system being challenged by this effort.
             | 
             | (removed last sentence quoted in comment I replied to
             | because it felt unhelpful and unkind to the discussion)
        
             | bufferoverflow wrote:
             | How is it unfounded? They created a crazy incentive to do
             | so.
        
         | CryptoPunk wrote:
         | And it shows a lack of mental discipline and character to not
         | seriously wrestle with the potential consequences of the
         | perverse incentives created by social democracy.
         | 
         | EDIT, responding to the comments below:
         | 
         | >>Painting social democracy, of all things, as a dangerous
         | unproven experiment amounts to declaring complete moral and
         | intellectual bankruptcy.
         | 
         | Social democracy is a proven failure, despite how many people
         | are indoctrinated to believe otherwise. There has been a broad-
         | based move toward social democracy over the last 60 years:
         | 
         | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/social-spending-oecd-long...
         | 
         | And it has correlated with a significant decline in the rate of
         | wage growth, and the West losing its lead in industrial growth.
         | 
         | >>Someone with the bio "Promoting an Ethereum-based world"
         | probably shouldn't be tossing around too much criticism of
         | "potential consequences" and "perverse incentives"?
         | 
         | I'm not asking for any tax dollars to be involuntarily ceded to
         | Ethereum. It will only succeed if it's more efficient than the
         | incumbents. Social democracy can 'succeed' in spreading even as
         | it wastes trillions of dollars in economic output, because it
         | only has to convince a barely informed electorate once every
         | four years, that it's the right path. There is no informed
         | consumer voting with their own dollars like exists in the
         | market.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | Someone with the bio "Promoting an Ethereum-based world"
           | probably shouldn't be tossing around too much criticism of
           | "potential consequences" and "perverse incentives"?
        
           | brazzy wrote:
           | It shows a lack of mental discipline and character to act
           | like these "consequences" have not manifested and been dealt
           | with for decades.
           | 
           | Painting social democracy, of all things, as a dangerous
           | unproven experiment amounts to declaring complete moral and
           | intellectual bankruptcy.
        
         | jowsie wrote:
         | You should try reading the article instead of having an instant
         | reaction to the headline alone. They don't simply give free
         | houses to people who claim they don't have one.
        
         | endisneigh wrote:
         | Even if this is true, so what? All types of assistance will be
         | gamed by a minority.
        
         | matthewmacleod wrote:
         | The housing isn't free, which is clearly stated in the article.
         | Your prediction is based in your own bias and not any form of
         | data or reality.
        
           | finnjavel wrote:
           | Hi Finnish guy here.
           | 
           | The housing is subsidized by the government, as most homeless
           | people do not have an income. So essentially, the taxpayers
           | are paying for the housing, not the tenants.
           | 
           | The company mentioned in the article has just found a way to
           | tap into those government funds to provide housing, nothing
           | more.
        
       | bestcoder69 wrote:
       | Cheaters. You gotta do this a roundabout way, not by just
       | addressing the issue directly.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | snthd wrote:
       | [2020]
        
       | konart wrote:
       | What about people who refuse to use the shelter?
        
         | jamil7 wrote:
         | I got the impression from the article that they would have to
         | go through a social worker and explicitly apply for housing but
         | that it's granted more or less unconditionally. I didn't look
         | into details (actual website is down) but it doesn't seem like
         | it's forced on people in a way that they would have to "refuse"
         | it.
        
         | brazzy wrote:
         | People refuse shelter when it's dangerous to them or comes with
         | prerequesites they cannot fulfill.
         | 
         | I think you can figure out the rest.
         | 
         | Here's an inside view:
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/vagabond/comments/o5yalm/accordong_...
        
           | xyzzyz wrote:
           | Like, for example, inability to consume alcohol or use drugs,
           | which is half of the reason people in US refuse shelters (the
           | other half is that shelters are full of homeless people).
        
             | brazzy wrote:
             | Yes, a shelter program that does not adress addicts (and
             | keeping them out does not count as "addressing") is in fact
             | designed to fail.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Or designed to handle homeless cases not related to
               | addiction. That the arguments "Not all homeless are drug
               | addicts and/or mentally ill" and "homeless services not
               | designed to deal with drug addiction and/or mental
               | illness will fail" are often located close to each other
               | annoys me. There is plenty of low hanging fruit to be had
               | in dealing with the easier homeless cases. While we
               | shouldn't ignore the harder cases, it's no excuse for
               | waiting to pick that low hanging fruit.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | The problem is, you cannot (legally) force addicts to
               | stop (in the US). They either accept the help, or they
               | don't. Some do, many more do not.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | You can, at least for some drugs: in many places,
               | possession of drugs is a criminal offense, carrying jail
               | term. However, it is commonly understood today that
               | jailing addicts so that they can recover in controlled
               | setting is inhumane, as opposed to letting them overdose
               | under the bridge.
        
               | brazzy wrote:
               | Note that that is only a problem as long as you consider
               | addicts consuming drugs in government-provided shelters a
               | worse problem than addicts consuming drugs on the
               | streets.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Which is precisely why "Housing First" works as a policy;
             | it solves both issues via private apartments.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Housing first works for easier homeless cases that don't
               | involve substance abuse or severe mental illness (or
               | both). It makes sense to give people housing if they can
               | handle maintaining it on their own. For the harder
               | homeless cases, at best they will sublet for drug money
               | and at worst, the neighbors aren't going to be very
               | happy. You can't just handout housing without some
               | treatment or supervision.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | That's why it's housing _first_ , not housing-only.
               | Utah's successful experiment in it included using that
               | housing to enable regular access to social workers and
               | other services, for example; it's a lot easier to deal
               | with a mental illness if you're not worrying about a roof
               | over your head.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | The Utah system has huge gaps, however, especially
               | related to mental illness, eg
               | https://www.usnews.com/news/best-
               | states/utah/articles/2021-0...
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | The Utah system got _defunded_.
               | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-homelessness-
               | housing/...
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | That's not what the article says. Instead, it specified
               | that costs increased and the state didn't build new
               | subsidized housing units to keep up with increasing
               | demand.
               | 
               | So how much more money does Utah need to spend to really
               | solve its problem?
        
             | vardump wrote:
             | I once went to talk to a group of homeless guys. That's
             | exactly what they told me as the reason.
             | 
             | They were offered proper apartments, but they refused it
             | because it came with a condition: no alcohol allowed.
        
         | antiframe wrote:
         | Maybe a better title would have been "Finland ends involuntary
         | homelessness".
        
       | jSully24 wrote:
       | This is an interesting experiment in Minneapolis. I can't find
       | any earl results yet. What I like is it's meant to be a
       | transition, not permanent. https://www.freethink.com/social-
       | change/tiny-house-village-f...
        
       | Geee wrote:
       | Just to clarify, in Finland housing and basic living expenses are
       | provided for everyone who doesn't have enough income. Still,
       | there are people who end up on the streets for some reason, and
       | this program is aimed at helping those people.
        
       | jollybean wrote:
       | By their own data it seems they were able to effectively combat
       | and reduce homelessness long before the 'housing first' strategy,
       | which is worth noting.
       | 
       | Also notably - is that the 'big dent' made by the program is
       | those that are living temporarily with friends, not those on the
       | street.
       | 
       | In fact, those living 'Outside, in temporarily shelters or
       | dormitories' has actually grown quite a lot into 2019.
       | 
       | It's always interesting to see how detailed data sheds insight
       | into big picture schemes.
        
       | peakaboo wrote:
       | Communism. They should do it like in America and just charge
       | people 10 times more for their shelters. Thats progress! /s
        
       | timonoko wrote:
       | This is what Sweden did 50 years ago. My Vespa broke down on the
       | way to Paris. I needed money, so I just went to the Goteborg
       | employment office and got a job and an apartment. But all this is
       | now gone. They have huge homeless problem among older ethnic
       | Swedes especially. Because this is HN, I wont go into details and
       | causes and consequences...
        
       | 100011 wrote:
       | lol at people lapping this article up to support their
       | brainwormed political opinions. i actually live here, no
       | homelessness has been ended.
        
         | container wrote:
         | Beyond the clickbait headline, even the article didn't say it
         | was.
        
       | known wrote:
       | Why do we need to know about progress if we are concerned about
       | the world's large problems?
       | 
       | https://ourworldindata.org/problems-and-progress
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-07-25 23:01 UTC)