[HN Gopher] Feynman vs. the Abacus (1985)
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       Feynman vs. the Abacus (1985)
        
       Author : marcodiego
       Score  : 40 points
       Date   : 2021-07-23 19:52 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
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       | wolfi1 wrote:
       | I was always wondering what method the Abacus guy used for
       | calculating the cubic root
        
         | pavpanchekha wrote:
         | Suppose you have a number:                 x = a0 10^1 + a1
         | 10^0 + a2 10^-1 + ...
         | 
         | If you write down x * x * x, you get something like:
         | x^3 = a0^3 10^3 + 3 a0^2 a1 10^2 + (3 a0 a1^2 + 3 a0^2 a2) 10^1
         | + ...
         | 
         | Now equate this term by term to your goal, which is:
         | x^3 = 1 10^3 + 7 10^2 + 2 10^1 + ...
         | 
         | From the first term, you get:                 1 = a0^3
         | 
         | So a0 = 1, giving us an answer of 10 so far. Plug that in to
         | the second term and you get:                 7 = 3 a1
         | 
         | which gives a1 = 2---you always round down. The answer is 12 so
         | far. We have a carry of 1, which we need to add to the next
         | one. That gives us:                 12 = 3 * 1 * 2^2 + 3 * 1^2
         | * a2 = 12 + 3 a2
         | 
         | Which leaves a2 = 0. So the answer is 12.0 so far.
         | 
         | As you go further, there are more and more terms hence the
         | "scaling" phenomenon you see. Every time you are solving a
         | polynomial equation in one variable, where the solution is an
         | integer 0 through 9; my guess is that on an abacus you do
         | binary search instead of root finding. On paper this sounds
         | easy, but on the abacus it sounds impossible--each of those
         | adds and multiplies is its own crazy sequence of steps.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | One past thread:
       | 
       |  _Feynman vs. The Abacus_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5849665 - June 2013 (33
       | comments)
        
       | smoldesu wrote:
       | Low-precision mathematics saves lives.
        
         | Koshkin wrote:
         | (Allowing wider margins of error and larger tolerances means
         | better reliability and stability.)
        
       | beloch wrote:
       | "The number was 1729.03. I happened to know that a cubic foot
       | contains 1728 cubic inches, so the answer is a tiny bit more than
       | 12."
       | 
       | There are people lauding and panning Feynman in this thread, but
       | this story illustrates a very important lesson that I've seen a
       | lot of very smart people fail to learn.
       | 
       | Whenever you're doing a calculation, _especially_ if you 're
       | using a computer or calculator, make an approximate estimate of
       | what the result should be. Don't just assume that whatever method
       | you use will produce a correct answer.
       | 
       | A man with an abacus (or computer) is probably going to be faster
       | than someone like Feynman most of the time, but he's also going
       | to make mistakes. Big ones. He might not make them frequently,
       | but mistakes always happen sooner or later. The trick is to catch
       | them when they do happen. That's hard to do if you have
       | absolutely no sense of what the answer _should_ be. If, however,
       | you start from a rough estimate using anything your brain can
       | come up with, as Feynman does in his anecdote, you 're a lot less
       | likely to produce a badly wrong answer without realizing it.
       | 
       | If this contest had gone on long enough, Feynman would have been
       | beaten badly in several rounds if he messed up a calculation and
       | had to start over. The thing is, Feynman would know when this
       | happened because the outcome wouldn't agree with his initial
       | estimate. The man with the abacus would, eventually, have
       | produced answers off by several orders of magnitude _without
       | realizing_.
       | 
       | Rough estimates are _important_.
        
       | ypeterholmes wrote:
       | They said "When you grow up, you won't always have an abacus in
       | your pocket!" And yet here we are.
        
         | retrac wrote:
         | And if anyone saw that coming it was Feynman. This isn't quite
         | prophetic for 1959 but it's close:
         | 
         | > I don't know how to do this on a small scale in a practical
         | way, but I do know that computing machines are very large; they
         | fill rooms. Why can't we make them very small, make them of
         | little wires, little elements - and by little, I mean little.
         | For instance, the wires should be 10 or 100 atoms in diameter,
         | and the circuits should be a few thousand angstroms across.
        
           | mrtnmcc wrote:
           | Quite a coincidence... Robert Noyce invented the first
           | monolithic integrated circuit chip at Fairchild Semiconductor
           | in 1959.
        
         | MaxBarraclough wrote:
         | The _you won 't always have a calculator_ justification was
         | always a poor one, even ignoring that we all carry computers
         | these days.
         | 
         | You don't study mathematics just to improve your mental
         | arithmetic. If mental arithmetic were the point, you'd just
         | practice mental arithmetic for your whole mathematical
         | education, rather than progressing to more advanced topics.
        
       | r3trohack3r wrote:
       | It feels like, in every one of Feynman's arithmetic stories I've
       | read, he always says how lucky he was that someone used a
       | specific number.
       | 
       | At some point it stops being luck.
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | it's like the math equivalent of being fielded softball
         | questions
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | Or, when you enough special cases, you're almost always lucky
         | to hit one of them.
         | 
         | Which is another way of saying what you're saying, I think.
        
         | umvi wrote:
         | When I read his book I got the distinct impression that he
         | _grooms_ anecdotes. That is, he will subtly manipulate a
         | situation (or the recounting of it) in order to make a better
         | story. His stories are highly entertaining as a result.
        
           | leephillips wrote:
           | A lot of us do this to some extent, don't we? I mean, I'm no
           | Feynman, but I have done some things thinking, _if this works
           | out, it's going to be a great story._ Sometimes there really
           | is no other good reason for doing them.
        
         | marcodiego wrote:
         | "In the fields of observation chance favors only the prepared
         | mind."
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | Murray Gell-Mann did say once that he was annoyed by Feynman's
         | tendency to invent anecdotes about himself. He wasn't lucky in
         | the sense that he was a brilliant scientist but he also had a
         | huge ego which he needed to validate publicly.
        
           | meowface wrote:
           | I don't doubt the claim, but this story is so specific ("the
           | cube root of 1729.03") that it seems plausible there may be
           | at least some truth to it. And it starts off with him being
           | soundly beaten in adding and multiplying, so it's not totally
           | egotistical. (I get that it's still pretty egotistical, since
           | the parable is that he understands the actual numbers while
           | the salesman is just using a rote, mechanical process without
           | fully understanding the underlying theory.)
           | 
           | I could definitely see him totally making this up by working
           | in reverse (decide to teach a lesson about mechanical vs.
           | fundamental understanding, start with a tough operation, pick
           | a mentally tractable number like a bit over 1728, tack on the
           | simpler arithmetic contests before it to contrast and build
           | tension), so I'm not saying it's a good argument for it being
           | real. Just that it's tough to say one way or another.
        
           | svachalek wrote:
           | It may be annoying, but I'll grant he earned it. The world is
           | full of gigantic egos with little of substance to say.
        
           | cpp_frog wrote:
           | If I remember correctly, according to Leonard Mlodinow's
           | _Feynman 's Rainbow_, Gell-Mann wrote that in Feynman's
           | obituary for the Physics Review. It "raised quite a few
           | eyebrows".
        
             | mjreacher wrote:
             | He says the same in this interview too
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rnMsgxIIQEE&t=109s
        
         | hellbannedguy wrote:
         | I like, and respect t Feynman, but feel most of his stories are
         | a humble brag.
         | 
         | I can only take so much of his writing. On a psychological
         | level, I have thought about it over the years, and come up
         | empty. I probally don't know enough about the man.
         | 
         | What got me thinking about it was one of his stories about the
         | kid who could tell you what's wrong with your radio with his
         | hearing.
         | 
         | I understand needing to protect your ego later in life when you
         | didn't get the respect you deserved. In the stories, the trait
         | started very young.
         | 
         | And maybe I'm completely mistaken? It just might be his way
         | writing that has me wondering?
        
           | leephillips wrote:
           | I get the opposite impression. The facts of many of these
           | anecdotes would force you to believe that he must have
           | unfathomable genius. But he honestly seems to believe that
           | luck played a huge role; sometimes, the only role. I remember
           | one story where someone puts a huge blueprint in front of him
           | of some kind of plumbing installation of immense complexity.
           | It's not working right. He feels overwhelmed, so, just to
           | have something to say, he points at random at a valve and
           | asks what it does. That turned out to be the key that let
           | them solve the issue. He thinks this is just blind luck,
           | because he had no idea what anything did in the diagram. I
           | think it's more likely that his genius subconscious saw
           | something.
        
             | whoaisme wrote:
             | "He thinks this is just blind luck, because he had no idea
             | what anything did in the diagram. I think it's more likely
             | that his genius subconscious saw something."
             | 
             | Reading your comments gives me a better understanding of
             | how cults of personalities are a thing.
        
       | pmoriarty wrote:
       | Flash Anzan at the All-Japan National Soroban Championship 2012:
       | [1]
       | 
       | Background on how students train to do this using the Soroban
       | (the Japanese Abacus): [2]
       | 
       | Another demo: [3]
       | 
       | Two nine-year-old girls play shiritori[4] ("a Japanese word game
       | in which the players are required to say a word which begins with
       | the final kana of the previous word") while adding 30 three-digit
       | numbers flashed in 20 seconds: [5]
       | 
       | [1] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ktpme4xcoQ
       | 
       | [2] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Px_hvzYS3_Y
       | 
       | [3] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JawF0cv50Lk
       | 
       | [4] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiritori
       | 
       | [5] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vGMsVirYKs
        
       | FreeRadical wrote:
       | 1729 was also Ramanujan's taxi number
       | 
       | https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Hardy-RamanujanNumber.html
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | it's because 12^3 differs from 1729 by just 1, making the error
         | very small when using series
        
       | klyrs wrote:
       | I'll have to pull this one out next time I hear somebody
       | complaining about the imperial system of measures being useless
        
         | ithkuil wrote:
         | nah, that's clearly an argument in favour of full blown
         | duodecimal system.
         | 
         | 1729 decimal is 1001 duodecimal, Every kid raised in a
         | duodecimal system that had to learn how to convert into decimal
         | in order to interact with us barbarians knows this fact.
        
         | Koshkin wrote:
         | I love the chaos of the imperial system. It has the taste of
         | life itself.
        
       | uwagar wrote:
       | feynman is always smart in his autobiography.
        
         | mandmandam wrote:
         | If you're gonna try and convince people Feynman wasn't smart,
         | try a bible group.
        
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