[HN Gopher] The LaTeX Font Catalogue
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The LaTeX Font Catalogue
        
       Author : the-mitr
       Score  : 174 points
       Date   : 2021-07-22 10:40 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (tug.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (tug.org)
        
       | the-mitr wrote:
       | This has been my go to resource for choosing the fonts before
       | starting a new LaTeX project.
        
         | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
         | This is great. But how do you use them? I've not ever been able
         | to successfully figure out how to bring new fonts a latex doc
         | (I use miktek).
        
           | zauguin wrote:
           | You really want to use LuaLaTeX (if you don't do so already)
           | and then you can just load any font on your system using
           | \usepackage{fontspec}         \setmainfont{Whatever your
           | font's name is}
           | 
           | Especially you don't have to deal with installing old Type 1
           | fonts which is messy, especially when they are not included
           | in your TeX distribution.
           | 
           | You can also follow the instructions in the catalog which for
           | some fonts show how to use them in pdfLaTeX, but these days
           | pdfLaTeX mostly makes sense if you want to submit to journals
           | which do not accept modern engines and such journals probably
           | don't allow you to change the font anyway.
        
           | armalipeddi wrote:
           | if you click through to the pages for any of the fonts, there
           | is usage instructions and a working example.
        
       | tombert wrote:
       | The monsters who make LaTeX don't have Comic Sans. I guess I need
       | to stick with XeLaTeX :)
        
         | jansan wrote:
         | The legendary CERN slides:
         | https://www.slideshare.net/xzxzxz/atlas-higgs-cernseminar201...
        
       | rpmuller wrote:
       | I also like this page for latex fonts:
       | https://r2src.github.io/top10fonts/
        
       | Topolomancer wrote:
       | An excellent resource. With `fontspec` and `xelatex` or
       | `lualatex`, choosing a font can sometimes be as easy as this:
       | \setmainfont{EB Garamond}       \setsansfont{Myriad Pro}
       | \setmonofont{IBM Plex Mono}
       | 
       | No additional packages required!
        
         | andrepd wrote:
         | Unfortunately XeTeX brings some compatibility problems as well
         | as bugs, compared to pdfLaTeX.
        
           | TheRealPomax wrote:
           | Like? Because I've never seen XeLaTeX do something that made
           | me go "wow time to go back to the legacy tex-that-
           | doesn't-understand-unicode->DVI->PDF route".
        
             | dr_hooo wrote:
             | Legacy would be pdflatex in this case, which generates PDFs
             | directly and works with unicode without issues. However, I
             | would also be interested in cases which xelatex doesn't
             | handle too well.
        
               | zauguin wrote:
               | These are purely my own opinions and not official
               | positions of any groups or organizations I am associated
               | with.
               | 
               | The biggest issues with XeTeX (compared mostly with
               | LuaTeX, some of them also apply for pdfTeX) in my opinion
               | are (roughly ordered for importance)                 1.
               | the missing support for microtypesetting features,
               | especially font expansion       2. Missing support for
               | new OpenType features. I consider especially variable
               | fonts to be important, but I know that there are also
               | many users missing color font features.       3. The font
               | selection system which uses completely different lookup
               | paths for font names and filenames leads to extreme
               | confusion for users, especially since it's system
               | dependent.       4. It shares the problem with older
               | engines that many things like colors, underlines, etc.
               | require special invisible nodes which can influence line-
               | breaking in unexpected ways.       5. (From a programmers
               | perspective) adding advanced PDF features under XeTeX
               | tends to be much more complicated because of the DVI
               | based backend which makes it harder to control the PDF
               | file directly.
               | 
               | That being said, I would take XeTeX over pdfTeX any day,
               | but I don't see much reason to use it if LuaTeX is
               | available as an alternative.
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | The reason I switched from LuaTeX, which I agree is
               | otherwise superior (and...the Lua thing!), is that it has
               | some horrible and well-known bug in its font loading
               | mechanism, where if you load a large number of fonts, it
               | sucks up enormous memory and CPU resources. I have
               | documents that simply grind to a halt if I try to process
               | them with LuaTeX, but compile in seconds using XeLaTeX. I
               | hope that's fixed now, because I would rather use LuaTeX.
        
               | zauguin wrote:
               | The issue is not so much about _many_ fonts, but about
               | one _big_ font. The first time a font is loaded it has to
               | be analyzed and cached and for some fonts this leads to
               | excessive resource usage. You can avoid that in recent
               | versions by using a HarfBuzz based font-shaper instead of
               | the Lua version: Replace `\setmainfont{Some name}` with
               | `\setmainfont[Renderer=HarfBuzz]{Some name}`. The first
               | time a bug font is used you might still see a slight
               | delay (~1 second?), but it 's orders of magnitude faster
               | and does not require so much resources.
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | I'll try it! Thanks a million!
        
           | zauguin wrote:
           | Use LuaTeX. It's not bug free, but it is still developed and
           | most bugs there get fixed relatively fast. Also it is much
           | more flexible anyway.
        
             | dhosek wrote:
             | LuaTeX has incorrect default settings, like not breaking at
             | - and --. https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/604263/202780
        
       | Santosh83 wrote:
       | Are these fonts available for use outside LaTeX? Seems like
       | they're spread all over the place instead of collected in one
       | repository.
        
         | Isthatablackgsd wrote:
         | Yes, you click the OTF or TTF link to get the file.
         | 
         | Some of them didn't offer a link but you still can grab them
         | from the CTAN repository. You would need to do navigate more to
         | get the file. You can get the Type1 and AFM/PFM files (old font
         | formats back in the day).You would need to convert those format
         | to TTF/OTF because some software don't have support for Type1
         | and AFM/PFM files. You can convert them with FontTools
         | (python).
        
         | queuebert wrote:
         | There are the Tex Gyre fonts, but part of what makes Computer
         | Modern in LaTeX look so good is the typesetting quality.
         | 
         | I believe TeX actually solves a convex optmization problem to
         | find the optimum inter-word spacing for each line while
         | considering every line on the page. That's why you don't get
         | those crazy large spacings in LaTeX that you sometimes see in
         | Word.
        
           | bluenose69 wrote:
           | If you employ the `microtype` package, latex will also be
           | able to make adjustments to inter-letter spacing. This can
           | improve results by evening out the "weight". The results are
           | subtle, though -- nothing like the huge improvements that
           | result from switching from msword to latex.
           | 
           | Another slick trick is that latex (really, tex) lets you
           | alter the weightings used in the optimization, paragraph by
           | paragraph. And you can alter the weightings used in deciding
           | where to put page breaks. You can also supply hints on
           | hyphenation, for those rare cases in which the engine cannot
           | decide what to do. (Note: the system adjusts hyphenation to
           | the language, so e.g. those long words in German will be
           | handled well.)
           | 
           | The optimization scheme is a large part of what makes tex so
           | good. That, and the understanding of mathematical notation.
           | 
           | Anyone who wants to get insights into the early setup of tex
           | might enjoy reading the following Knuth (1979). It's a very
           | engaging read, for something that's technical. (Generally,
           | Knuth is a great writer.)
           | 
           |  _References_
           | 
           | Knuth, Donald E. "Mathematical Typography." Bull. Amer. Math.
           | Soc. (N.S.) 1, no. 2 (March 1979): 337-72.
        
           | maxnoe wrote:
           | One Paragraph, not the whole Page afaik
        
             | leephillips wrote:
             | There are whole-page optimizations as well. For example, to
             | avoid clashes in color between adjoining paragraphs.
        
           | red_trumpet wrote:
           | Also hyphenation helps with avoiding large spacings.
        
       | matoyce wrote:
       | I always use the San-serif fonts in the catalog. It makes the
       | document looks presentable and makes more readable.
        
       | TacticalCoder wrote:
       | Twenty years ago I did typeset a 440 pages or so book using
       | LaTeX. Sadly the editor wanted a "conventional" look and not the
       | LaTeX one. I ended up using the "Utopia" (it's in the catalogue)
       | font as the main font and sneaked as much "LaTeXism" as I could
       | without getting caught ; )
       | 
       | The editor also had zero familiarity with Linux / LaTeX (it was
       | all QuarkXPress back then) and hence wasn't confident in the
       | digital files produced by LaTeX and the converters (say ps2pdf
       | etc.) so in the end a high quality print copy ended being
       | flashed. So it was still a partly "analog" process even though
       | the computer-to-plate age had already started.
       | 
       | Good memories.
        
         | cpach wrote:
         | Out of curiosity, what does flash refer to in this context?
        
           | jjgreen wrote:
           | Photolithography?
        
             | dhosek wrote:
             | Seems likely. I had an issue with issue one of _Serif_
             | magazine where I could not move the high resolution scans
             | of some images from my computer to the service bureau that
             | was generating the film for the printers. We ended up have
             | to go old school for that and having the printers
             | photograph those pages and strip the image into the film to
             | make the plates. This was back in the days of uploading
             | files to the service bureau on a 28K modem (maybe I had
             | 56K?) and the files wouldn 't fit on the Bernoulli drive I
             | had for sneakernetting large files from one place to
             | another.
        
           | benrbray wrote:
           | book.swf
        
       | stared wrote:
       | The default LaTeX font is stunningly beautiful! To the point that
       | for me even looking at LaTeX-generated papers in an aesthetic
       | experience.
       | 
       | Recently, I was posting a preprint to arXiv. I intentionally
       | removed a journal style, which changed the font to Times New
       | Roman.
        
         | SeanLuke wrote:
         | > The default LaTeX font is stunningly beautiful!
         | 
         | You may be alone in that. I think the general consensus is that
         | Computer Modern is pretty horrible.
        
           | TchoBeer wrote:
           | I wonder if it's better for its intended medium (being
           | printed rather than displayed on a screen)
        
             | bjoli wrote:
             | it is a lot better. Quite a differemt font, even. I never
             | bother to change the original in latex for my own things,
             | but whenever I have a long paper that I really wat to read
             | typeset in CM i make sure to print it.
        
           | jimhefferon wrote:
           | I don't think "horrible" is a general opinion, although it is
           | in the end a matter of taste. But you do often hear people
           | who think that the vector derivatives initially made (Knuth's
           | originals were raster) are too light for comfortable reading
           | on a monitor. There have been some recent uploads to CTAN
           | with heavier versions of CM. I remember them as
           | https://www.ctan.org/pkg/newcomputermodern (book weight) and
           | https://www.ctan.org/pkg/mlmodern.
        
             | JorgeGT wrote:
             | They are too thin because they were designed to be printed,
             | accounting for the spread of the ink on the paper (gain):
             | https://www.levien.com/type/cmr/gain.html
        
             | leephillips wrote:
             | These are great, thank you.
             | 
             | EDIT: Do you have any insight into why people still work on
             | packages for type-1 fonts? Who still wants to use these,
             | and why?
        
               | jimhefferon wrote:
               | As contrasted with OpenType? I can't speak for the
               | developers of the fonts but when I compile, Type1 is what
               | I happen to use. I note that the documentation for the
               | MLModern fonts say: OpenType support is planned for a
               | future version.
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | Yes, as contrasted with otf/ttf. I think of Type-1 as
               | obsolete technology, not often used for new fonts and
               | only supporting 256 glyphs per font. But I guess there
               | must be some upside that I don't know about.
        
             | zauguin wrote:
             | Knuth's original are not really raster fonts, they are
             | vectors but in a format which is not supported in other
             | systems so they have to be mapped to raster fonts before
             | being include e.g. in PDF files. The important difference
             | is that you can customize for which resolution they should
             | be rasterized, so you can get good looking fonts by setting
             | sufficiently high values for your screen and zoom
             | requirements. (Of course this doesn't help if you only get
             | a finished PDF from someone else and for the Type 1
             | variants it's no longer important anyway.)
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | Has no one bothered to remake probably the most used font
               | in academic publishing in another vector format? If it's
               | already in a vector format?
        
               | zauguin wrote:
               | People did. I was only talking about the original created
               | by Knuth, the fonts used by default in modern TeX
               | installations are normal Type 1 vector font versions of
               | the font. Most other current variants (like Latin Modern,
               | New Computer Modern, etc. which also include OpenType
               | versions) are derived from these Type 1 fonts.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | queuebert wrote:
           | I want to hate it because it seems so old fashioned, and I
           | constantly search for alternatives, but I keep coming back,
           | because no other font allows me to read dense text for hours
           | at a time.
           | 
           | I guess this Knuth dude knows his stuff.
        
             | JCWasmx86 wrote:
             | I love this font. It looks nice, makes texts more readable
             | (At least it feels like that) and is for my purposes
             | perfect
        
             | jansan wrote:
             | I have a printed copy of Knuth's "Digital Typography" on my
             | desk (hardcover from 1999). The table of contents does not
             | look too great, but the rest of the book is a piece of art
             | in itself.
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | Pro tip: Never name your design/aesthetic style "Modern".
             | :-P
        
           | benrbray wrote:
           | What?? I've never met anyone who thinks that. Personally I
           | think it's a very hard standard to beat. I rarely see a
           | document with a non standard font that wouldn't look better
           | in computer modern. Especially for math.
        
             | hocuspocus wrote:
             | > Personally I think it's a very hard standard to beat.
             | 
             | I wonder if Knuth himself would even agree. Open _Concrete
             | Mathematics_ next to a volume of TAOCP and see for
             | yourself. It might not be a huge issue for a paper, but
             | anything longer typeset in CM (like many PhD theses) could
             | benefit from a better font. Even for math, there are pretty
             | good alternatives nowadays.
        
               | dhosek wrote:
               | The font in Concrete Mathematics, interestingly enough,
               | is a reparameterized version of Computer Modern. I'd have
               | to look at the MF sources, but if I recall correctly, it
               | doesn't have any changes to the actual character
               | programs. The "math italic" is the Euler typeface
               | designed by Hermann Zapf. While this was implemented in
               | Metafont, it is not really a "meta" font. Instead, the
               | grad students who worked on this (under the direction of
               | Chuck Bigelow and Kris Holmes, IIRC) instead created MF
               | outlines for each size independently. There is no shared
               | code for different sizes or even for common aspects of
               | the characters in the font.
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | It seems that modern type designers don't like Modern
             | fonts. Font design, like all design, is a style-based
             | endeavor, where things come into and go out of fashion.
             | Modern fonts are out, currently.
             | 
             | Personally, Computer Modern is a little spindly for my
             | taste (and eyesight). Computer Concrete, on the other
             | hand....
        
             | dhosek wrote:
             | I remember being at the pool at the hotel during the 1990
             | TUG conference and Michael Spivak going on a long tirade
             | against the qualities of Computer Modern. There's a reason
             | he commissioned the creation of the MathTime fonts.
        
             | magnio wrote:
             | Language and glyph support aside, the unbearable thinness
             | of Computer Modern makes it very difficult to read on
             | screen. Maybe it looks better in print, but for computer
             | monitor, Latin Modern is a better alternative IMO.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | You just need to update your reader. Any decent PDF or
               | even DVI software has the ability to display CM in a
               | readable way.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | That is not true in any way.
               | 
               | First, the main way PDF readers make strokes thicker is
               | via hinting, so it depends on how Computer Modern was
               | embedded into the PDF for starters.
               | 
               | Second, hinting distorts letterforms so many top-quality
               | renderers (like on macOS) don't use it, preferring more
               | accurate letterforms instead. And Preview on macOS is
               | certainly "decent".
               | 
               | Third, "updating" isn't going to do a thing. Whether
               | fonts are rendered as hinted or not is a design decision
               | taken when the PDF rendered was built from the ground up.
               | No "update" is going to change that.
        
               | tmoertel wrote:
               | My understanding is that the "unbearable thinness" is
               | what happens when Computer Modern outlines designed to
               | accommodate ink swell (associated with older printing
               | methods) are used on modern display and raster printing
               | surfaces without adjustment. If you check the typography
               | in TAoCP, which Knuth fine tuned, it doesn't seem so
               | unnaturally thin.
        
               | queuebert wrote:
               | Do you happen to know how he fine tuned it? I too would
               | like a bit more weight on the font when printed.
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | You are supposed to fine tune the constants yourself for
               | your specific printer when installing TeX and METAFONT on
               | your system.
               | 
               | The pre-defined modes can be found here:
               | ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | Set your printer to 300 dpi.
               | 
               | No, seriously, when UTCS replaced the 300dpi laser
               | printers with 600dpi models, Allan Emerson was very upset
               | because his papers suddenly looked different. :-)
        
               | TheRealPomax wrote:
               | The art of optimizing a typeface for print is pretty
               | elaborate, and if you're genuinely interested in learning
               | how to do this, https://typedrawers.com is a good place
               | to start. It's where all the font engineers, as well as
               | foundry owners, hang out.
        
               | zauguin wrote:
               | FYI on modern LaTeX engines like LuaLaTeX (and also
               | XeLaTeX) Latin Modern actually is the default.
               | 
               | But Latin Modern and the default Type 1 version of
               | Computer Modern have exactly the same thickness, so if
               | Computer Modern looks thinner for you then it must be
               | some weird screen effect. (The hinting is a bit
               | different, but I wouldn't have expected that to have a
               | significant effect on current systems where hinting is
               | often ignored anyway.)
        
               | Blaisorblade0 wrote:
               | AFAIK, Wikipedia's info on the Latin Modern regressions
               | from Blue Sky is accurate. Neither version is the
               | original CM font or has had as much fine-tuning put into
               | it, but (EDIT) the Blue Sky version was at least worked
               | on by paid professionals.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Modern#Latin_Moder
               | n
        
               | Mikhail_Edoshin wrote:
               | Yes, it looks thicker in print [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://www.flickr.com/photos/lonelyfox/4329034436
        
               | cpach wrote:
               | Is that Computer Modern? Wow. Looks very different from
               | seeing it in a PDF.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | That's probably because you're just used to it.
             | 
             | To any professional type designer, it's a _terribly_
             | balanced font aesthetically, basically every letterform. It
             | looks like a font designed by an engineer, not a designer
             | who knows how to create and balance shapes and lines that
             | are pleasing and easy to the eye. Which, of course, is
             | exactly what it is.
        
               | hosteur wrote:
               | I hear that a lot. What are examples of good fonts that
               | are free alternatives? And available in latex?
        
               | GiovanniP wrote:
               | Tex Gyre Termes could be. For an example, please look at
               | https://www.texmacs.org/joris/zcomp/zcomp-abs.html (you
               | can download both a pdf and the TeXmacs source---note
               | that TeXmacs is not based on TeX, you need to use the
               | TeXmacs program to edit it comfortably and to obtain a
               | pdf).
        
               | carlinmack wrote:
               | Charter is decent
        
               | jjgreen wrote:
               | Minion Pro is gorgeous (but commercial, but worth it).
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Horses for courses. A single font will never be adequate
               | for every purpose.
        
               | benrbray wrote:
               | Do you have any examples of math / engineering texts
               | written with Minion Pro? I can mostly find it used for
               | title fonts, or with a ton of line spacing.
        
               | arnarbi wrote:
               | Here's an old thesis (of mine) in CS, with a bunch of
               | inference rules, proofs, etc. (Ignore the standardized
               | front matter of ~5 pages)
               | 
               | https://skemman.is/bitstream/1946/7418/1/MSc_Arnar-
               | Birgisson...
        
               | adiM wrote:
               | Motion Mountain book:
               | https://www.motionmountain.eu/index.html (their
               | certificate seems to have expired).
               | 
               | PDF copies also available on scribd:
               | https://www.scribd.com/lists/2705622/Motion-Mountain-
               | Collect...
        
               | benrbray wrote:
               | Thanks for the example! I think the scribd pdf viewer has
               | some layout issues, but I can now recall that I've seen
               | this font in quite a few places before.
               | 
               | It doesn't look _bad_ , but I still don't think it quite
               | works for dense paragraphs of text compared to Latin
               | Modern. I do really like how it looks on the slideshow in
               | a sibling comment, though.
        
               | adiM wrote:
               | Aesthetics of a fonts is such a personal feeling. And
               | fonts feel different on screen vs print.
        
               | jjgreen wrote:
               | A slide deck I did a few years ago:
               | 
               | http://soliton.vm.bytemark.co.uk/pub/jjg/pdf/vfplot-
               | GUM11.pd...
               | 
               | Oh God, 10 years ago ...
        
               | ska wrote:
               | The equation layout in that doesn't look great, but they
               | are pretty simple so hard to tell details.
        
               | bluenose69 wrote:
               | This seems like a great method for showing direction
               | fields. And it's in the Gerris context -- double win!
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | I took a look to see the font, which I agree is
               | beautiful.
               | 
               | But I stayed for the content. Interesting! And what a
               | great presentation! I have so many questions. What
               | happened to this in the intervening decade? Is the idea
               | incorporated into any other plotting packages? Did you
               | purchase this font to use in your talks?
               | 
               | > Oh God, 10 years ago ...
               | 
               | I know that feeling.
        
               | jjgreen wrote:
               | Too kind :-)
               | 
               | The package vfplot [1] is still available and still under
               | development, it's rather hard to use in that there are
               | lots of parameters to adjust to get decent looking
               | output. There's also an issue in that the "dimension
               | climbing" approach means putting an ellipse at each
               | boundary corner and then as many as you can fit on the
               | line-segment between them, there are lots of ways that
               | this can fail for complex boundaries (coastlines, for
               | example). I think I've fixed this using the fact that "a
               | line segment is a degenerate ellipse", so one can
               | actually calculate a "distance" between a line-segment
               | and an ellipse in almost the same way as one calculates
               | the distance between ellipses. The code for this is in a
               | branch on GitLab [2], but there is still quite a bit of
               | work to do for the 2.0 release (later this year?).
               | 
               | [1]
               | http://soliton.vm.bytemark.co.uk/pub/jjg/en/code/vfplot/
               | 
               | [2] https://gitlab.com/jjg/vfplot
        
               | cnity wrote:
               | Every criticism I've seen of Computer Modern is an appeal
               | to authority.
               | 
               | > not a designer who knows how to create and balance
               | shapes and lines that are pleasing and easy to the eye
               | 
               | "Your subjective opinion of the font is wrong, because
               | you're not an expert." If OP and GP (and honestly, most
               | people I know) like the font, how is it not pleasing to
               | the eye? What does it mean for the "aesthetics" to be
               | "_terribly_" balanced?
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | It's not an appeal to authority, but rather to shared
               | taste.
               | 
               | It's true there's no reference manual for the equations
               | for pleasing shapes, because however our preferences are
               | expressed in our brain, we haven't been able to decode.
               | 
               | But to give one example to your question: the serifs in
               | Computer Modern are thicker than the thin stems of
               | letterforms. That's ugly, full stop. It's not balanced --
               | the proportions of thicknesses is backwards. The entire
               | function of serifs is to _taper_ and /or _finish_ , never
               | to _add_ weight.
               | 
               | Or another: the loop (lower part) of the double-story
               | lowercase "g" simply extends way too far to the right. It
               | makes the letter feel like it's going to tilt and fall
               | over to the left. It's not balanced, period.
               | 
               | So these are just two examples of terrible balance. Does
               | that hopefully answer your question in a way that isn't
               | an appeal to authority?
               | 
               | Edit: curious why I'm being downvoted for this comment,
               | when I'm just trying to answer the parent comment with
               | actual examples.
        
               | corty wrote:
               | The slight unbalance and the not-totally-uniform looks
               | make cmr much more readable. The breaking with the
               | typesetting tradition makes it better, because it is
               | unhindered by such useless flourishes as "must taper" or
               | "must look like any other letter fitting into a uniform
               | box of equal greying when smudged". cmr does this while
               | still looking good and pleasing when viewed in whole
               | paragraphs as opposed to single letters.
               | 
               | And where cmr absolutely excels is the accompanying
               | greek, math symbols and typesetting. Nothing else comes
               | even close in getting it readable, pleasing and uniform.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _The slight unbalance and the not-totally-uniform looks
               | make cmr much more readable._
               | 
               | That's frankly a very idiosyncratic take, and not one
               | many professionals would agree with.
               | 
               | By that logic, toolbars with icons would become easier to
               | use if their icons were all slightly off-center from each
               | other -- which is very much not the case.
               | 
               | Part of reading legibility comes from the shapes of
               | words, not letters by themselves. Generally speaking, we
               | read words -- not letters. When individual letters are
               | off balance or especially non-uniform, they draw
               | attention to themselves rather than making the word
               | coherent as a whole. This, of course, is one of the
               | reasons why kerning pairs are so important.
               | 
               | Also, tapering isn't a "flourish" it's just how roman
               | serifs work. And "uniform box of equal greying when
               | smudged" is neither a flourish nor a rule at all, it
               | appears to be something you've invented.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | " _The serifs in Computer Modern are thicker than the
               | thin stems of letterforms._ "
               | 
               | That's true of all serif fonts with thin stems, no?
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | No. Bodoni is the quintessential thin-stem font, and you
               | can see that the serifs are simply a continuation of the
               | thin stroke, not any thicker:
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=bodoni&tbm=isch
        
               | svat wrote:
               | > the serifs in Computer Modern are thicker than the thin
               | stems of letterforms.
               | 
               | 1. Is this really true? I went to the bookshelf and
               | pulled out three Knuth books, and at least to my eye, the
               | serifs don't look noticeably thicker than the letter
               | stems in the unbalanced way you mentioned. The exact
               | proportions could be found by checking Volume E or
               | generating proofs from the Metafont sources (haven't
               | tried that), but this seems like the well-known problem
               | with the "spindly" Type-1 versions of CM that many people
               | use today, than in Knuth's actual Computer Modern as in
               | his printed books. (See
               | https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/361722/48 for pictures.)
               | 
               | 2. Is this any worse in Computer Modern than in Monotype
               | Modern, the typeface that Knuth was trying to reproduce?
               | This is the font used for TAOCP Vol 1 first edition
               | (1968), Vol 2 first edition (1969), Vol 3 first edition
               | (1973) and Vol 1 second edition (1973). Those books were
               | typeset with hot-metal typesetting (on Monotype
               | machines), and in fact when Addison-Wesley approached
               | Knuth in 1962 (when he was in grad school) to write a
               | book, he was excited because he loved the appearance of
               | their books. The publishers' move to phototypesetting
               | could not recapture that look, and digital typesetting
               | was starting to become feasible, so he took up the
               | problem himself: he wanted to reproduce Monotype Modern
               | so he needed TeX to typeset it, and Metafont to specify
               | it (and Computer Modern was the result).
               | 
               | My guess is that the opinion you're expressing results
               | from a combination of both the above:
               | 
               | * Yes, what Knuth was aiming for (Monotype Modern 8A, or
               | the look of math textbooks he used as a student, or
               | mathematical journals of a certain period:
               | https://projecteuclid.org:443/euclid.bams/1183544082 )
               | was very much an early 20th-century / late 19th-century
               | look, and it seems the fashion in contemporary typography
               | circles (I suspect this started with William Morris in
               | the 19th century already) to look down on that period and
               | all that it entails (like larger spaces between
               | sentences: witness Bringhurst's comments about _" In the
               | nineteenth century, which was a dark and inflationary age
               | in typography and type design"_ etc). So, people _au
               | fait_ with modern typographical fashions don 't quite
               | like the associated style (Scotch Roman typefaces, etc),
               | while many mathematicians quite prefer it.
               | 
               | * The poor Type 1 versions of Computer Modern cause the
               | letter stems to appear thin, and even more so on low-
               | resolution devices like monitors, causing the serifs to
               | appear thicker in comparison.
               | 
               | Personally, comparing Monotype Modern (as in the first
               | editions of TAOCP) and Computer Modern (in print, and
               | using "true" CM), I don't think Computer Modern looks
               | worse than the source typeface in terms of having
               | terrible balance or appearing like "a font designed by an
               | engineer"; the issue is probably more the "shared taste"
               | you mentioned: Knuth's target aesthetic was itself
               | different.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | > To any professional type designer, it's a terribly
               | balanced font aesthetically, basically every letterform.
               | 
               | It works pretty well balanced in print on systems it was
               | originally targeted to. The main problem with using other
               | fonts in TeX/LaTeX (or anything in, say, Word) is making
               | it so complex equations lay out reasonably. Admittedly a
               | niche problem, but one one that was the original purpose
               | of TeX - and CM works well for it. There are a small
               | number of other options that don't screw it up.
        
               | benrbray wrote:
               | > It looks like a font designed by an engineer, not a
               | designer
               | 
               | This is exactly why I like it. Designed by an engineer
               | for the purpose of _typesetting engineering articles and
               | books_.
               | 
               | Most of the other alternative fonts feel like they were
               | designed by a _designer_ with all the unnecessary flairs
               | that would make a great title /heading font to pad the
               | portfolio but are needlessly distracting in a paragraph
               | of dense technical text interspersed with equations.
               | 
               | Keep in mind that Google / Facebook / Twitter / Apple /
               | Microsoft / etc hire hordes of professional designers and
               | the result is a horrible user experience for everyone. I
               | much prefer Wikipedia and Hacker News to most "modern"
               | web design by professionals.
        
               | suprfsat wrote:
               | Hacker News is in Verdana, which was designed for
               | Microsoft.
        
               | jacobolus wrote:
               | By Matthew Carter, a famous type designer who also made
               | e.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitstream_Charter,
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galliard_(typeface), and
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(typeface),
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller_(typeface) any of
               | which would be better for long prose documents than
               | Computer Modern.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | I don't know where you're getting "unnecessary flair"
               | from. What unnecessary flair do fonts like Times New
               | Roman or Baskerville or Bodoni have? (Obviously I'm
               | comparing with other similar fonts traditionally used for
               | body text typesetting with equations.)
               | 
               | I'm talking about good sense of aesthetic proportion and
               | balance, not "flair".
               | 
               | And what exactly is the horrible user experience that
               | Google has created with Roboto, or Apple with San
               | Francisco, or Microsoft with Calibri? They're actually
               | quite excellently balanced and pleasing fonts for their
               | purposes.
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | You're both wrong. It was designed by a mathematician,
               | for use in printing mathematical books.
        
               | hocuspocus wrote:
               | > Most of the other alternative fonts feel like they were
               | designed by a designer with all the unnecessary flairs
               | that would make a great title/heading font to pad the
               | portfolio but are needlessly distracting in a paragraph
               | of dense technical text interspersed with equations.
               | 
               | Serious alternatives were designed by foundries decades
               | or even centuries ago.
        
               | jgon wrote:
               | Wasn't Computer Modern created with input from Herman
               | Zapf, and Matthew Carter among other titans of
               | typography? I don't think Knuth just whipped it up in
               | isolation without any feedback, so this whole "it looks
               | like a font designed by an engineer" seems both incorrect
               | and needlessly arrogant?
        
               | dhosek wrote:
               | I don't think Carter had any input. There was some
               | (minimal) input from Zapf, mostly with respect to the
               | calligraphic capitals. Mostly, Knuth was trying to
               | replicate the Monotype Modern. Some of the fonts like
               | cmr17 are especially bad (the extrapolation of parameters
               | to larger design sizes was not correct). That said, I do
               | think that cmtt is a superior typeface for monospace
               | typesetting.
        
           | taeric wrote:
           | I think it is more a vocal consensus. Granted, most folks
           | don't care.
           | 
           | I also think most of the dislike came from bad pdf rendering
           | for a long time.
        
           | brummm wrote:
           | I have yet to find anything that reads as nicely as Latex
           | generated papers with Computer Modern.
        
             | LeifCarrotson wrote:
             | As you point out, there are two variables here: Is it
             | processed in LaTeX, or processed in something else, such as
             | Word? And is the font Computer Modern, or something else,
             | such as Times New Roman?
             | 
             | I think the renderer has much more to do with the
             | readability of a paper than the font. The combination of
             | LaTeX and Computer Modern is certainly pervasive, but if I
             | had to pick one variable, I would rather read papers using
             | a different font but rendered in LaTeX, rather than a paper
             | using a different renderer to lay out a Computer Modern
             | font. For an example of the latter, take a look at this
             | paper, rendered in Word, with Computer Modern font and some
             | LaTeX-based margins and spacings:
             | 
             | https://www.ticoneva.com/journal_files/DefaultLateX.pdf
        
             | SeanLuke wrote:
             | \usepackage{mathpazo} is pretty nice. Palatino plus good
             | math fonts.
             | 
             | The problems with CM are twofold. First, it's an
             | inconsistent and amateur remake of Modern, especially
             | italics. The bowls and straight lines are different angles
             | and widths. Second, the postscript converted version used
             | on most platforms is weirdly, bizarrely thin compared to
             | the original Modern, which does not make for a good reading
             | experience.
        
           | TheRealPomax wrote:
           | And what is that thought based on? Because that sounds like a
           | pretty wild claim.
        
           | BoxOfRain wrote:
           | They're certainly not alone, I'm a huge fan of Computer
           | Modern.
        
         | wvh wrote:
         | Default LaTeX fonts give me a nasty uncomfortable feeling in
         | the stomach by reminding me of Math and CS tests. I'm not
         | generally sensitive, so it's somewhat amusing a font can have
         | such emotional impact.
         | 
         | As a typeface aficionado I've spent way too much time building
         | font catalogues such as this in the early 2000s; it's good to
         | see that both quality and quantity of freely available fonts
         | has gone up.
        
         | netineti wrote:
         | I like the Computer Modern font when printed on paper.
         | 
         | On low DPI screens (e.g. 96 or even 144 DPI), Computer Modern
         | feels too thin and spindly.
         | 
         | Recently, I came across the mlmodern
         | (https://ctan.org/pkg/mlmodern?lang=en) font. It is a "heavier"
         | version of Computer Modern and I use it for all my documents.
        
           | pgtan wrote:
           | If you have a certain printer to use, you can tweak the
           | Metafont mode for the fonts and create your preferred look.
           | The definitions for various printers are in the file modes.mf
           | 
           | For example:
           | 
           | % From {\tt stsmith@ll.mit.edu}, 10 May 93.
           | 
           | % With |fillin=0|, the diagonal of {\tt cmtt10}'s `z' is too
           | thin.
           | 
           | % |blacker=.8| too thin, 2 too thick.
           | 
           | mode_def docutech = %\\[ Xerox 8790 or 4045 (600dpi)
           | 
           | mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);                 mode_param
           | (blacker, 1);            mode_param (fillin, .1);
           | mode_param (o_correction, 0.9);
           | mode_common_setup_;
           | 
           | enddef;
        
             | dhosek wrote:
             | Using the rasterized fonts is very much an edge case these
             | days. I'd also note that back when I used to manage this on
             | University systems (in the days before dvips would
             | automatically call mf to generate needed fonts), it was
             | often the case that at lower resolutions (<600dpi), the CM
             | code often ran into errors from the necessary mode_def
             | parameters. Xerox printers were especially troublesome
             | because they used a "write white" strategy for printing. A
             | "write black" printer (e.g., the classic HP LaserJet),
             | marked the page by using a laser to charge the parts of the
             | page that should get toner. A "write white" printer charged
             | the whole page, then used the laser to remove the charge
             | from the parts of the page that should not get toner. On a
             | "write black" printer, a pixel was a little bit bigger than
             | its claimed size. On a "write white" printer", a pixel was
             | a little bit smaller than its claimed size.
             | 
             | I was supporting Xerox 8700 laser printers at the time and
             | the settings for a write white printer inevitably caused
             | errors for many characters until I was generating at least
             | a .600gf file. I have vague recollections of the same issue
             | coming up occasionally even when I was printing to a
             | 1200dpi Compaq.
        
               | pgtan wrote:
               | Thanks for sharing! Those must be exciting times. I
               | remember tweaking the fonts only once for printing my
               | diploma thesis back in the 90s; but contrary to the most
               | opinions, I made the fonts even lighter, because of the
               | ultra white paper, we were obliged to print to. It was a
               | very big file due to the 1200dpi rasterized fonts, but
               | the result was better than any print shop could produce
               | at that time.
        
         | cwales95 wrote:
         | Have to agree. Love how the default font looks! Latex documents
         | are very pleasant to read.
        
         | NelsonMinar wrote:
         | Computer Modern Roman is a shibboleth. When I used to review
         | resumes at Google I'd give extra attention to any resume in
         | CMR; we wanted to hire the kind of nerd who has a resume.tex. I
         | don't like the look of the font myself and long ago switched to
         | Postscript fonts but that's a subjective opinion.
        
           | adiM wrote:
           | In the true nerd spirit, shouldn't you check the pdf metadata
           | to see if the resume was created by tex. I use TeX (well
           | ConTeXt but not LaTeX, but that is a minor difference) for my
           | resume, but without using CM or LM fonts. With Luatex, you
           | can use any opentype font.
        
           | hedberg10 wrote:
           | I would have submitted a Flash based resume out of spite.
        
           | dhosek wrote:
           | I used to do my resume in TeX (in fact an ancient resume of
           | mine along with the plain TeX macros to format it is on
           | CTAN), but I stopped because in most cases, my resume is
           | getting slurped into some automated system and if it's
           | anything other than a Word document, I end up with a lot of
           | pain.
        
       | 8589934591 wrote:
       | I use roboto light sans serif font for my resume. Are there
       | better alternatives to CM for reading on the screen? I found
       | mlmodern so far to be a good alternative, but would like to know
       | from others as well.
        
       | necovek wrote:
       | Unfortunately, no language coverage is listed for any of the
       | fonts: I generally care about fonts I can use both for Serbian
       | (Cyrillic) and English texts, including simultaneously
       | (programming, maths).
        
         | jtbayly wrote:
         | Yes. Greek is what I need to know support for.
        
         | ZoomZoomZoom wrote:
         | When you follow to the CTAN, there's Topics section on the
         | right which has tags for Greek and Cyrillic fonts.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-07-22 23:01 UTC)