[HN Gopher] Hungarian journalists and critics of Orban were targ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Hungarian journalists and critics of Orban were targeted with
       Pegasus
        
       Author : r_sz
       Score  : 580 points
       Date   : 2021-07-20 06:42 UTC (16 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (telex.hu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (telex.hu)
        
       | bwb wrote:
       | I always am amazed by how many people value their nation over
       | larger groups of human beings who are just like them... isn't it
       | time to up our game as humans and start thinking bigger? Why not
       | abolish nations within the EU and just become the EU with
       | different provinces?
       | 
       | Nationalism is an ancient mentality, get rid of it and start
       | moving into larger groups who can do more.
       | 
       | I keep reading about the North American Alliance in sci fi books,
       | how long until the usa, canada and mexico combine to create a
       | bigger economic block?
        
         | raverbashing wrote:
         | You can't fully remove nationalism, it's always going to exist
         | in some way or the other, even in things that have nothing to
         | do with "nations". (Yankees vs. Red Sox for example)
         | 
         | The "no-borders" people are as out of touch with reality as
         | Orban, though in different extremes.
        
           | johnnycerberus wrote:
           | Nationalism is a new concept invented by the French. You
           | can't say about Greece that it is/was a nation. The
           | nationalization of Greece's city-states represents a Greek
           | tragedy, one that culminated in economic collapse. People
           | focus on their group and they think that the same rules apply
           | globally, which isn't the case.
        
           | pferde wrote:
           | Fully agree. I believe that taps into many thousands of years
           | of tribalism - every human that ever lived had an "us" group
           | and one or several "them" groups, and inter-group relations
           | were rarely friendly.
        
         | tiborsaas wrote:
         | > Why not abolish nations within the EU and just become the EU
         | with different provinces?
         | 
         | With the borders opened, it's very similar to what you
         | describe. It just takes lots of time and stability which Orban
         | and friends undermines all the time. That's why we can't have
         | nice things.
         | 
         | Don't underestimate the power of cultural diversity, it's not
         | like the US where everybody speaks English and you can fit in
         | quite easily if you move a state or two.
        
         | visarga wrote:
         | Playing devil's advocate for a second: be careful what you're
         | saying: some will interpret your call as an attack on their
         | identity and attempt at hiding historical injustice. Same
         | happens with people who say "I see no color" believing this is
         | a good approach to nondiscrimination.
         | 
         | I think emphasizing differences at the expense of commonalities
         | is a huge mistake, just as much as disregarding those
         | differences. Diversity in unity and unity in diversity, always
         | a difficult balancing act.
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | I am always amazed how many people say things like this while
         | comfortably living behind the economic walls of their rich
         | nation typing on a phone made by near slaves on the other side
         | of it.
        
           | bwb wrote:
           | I am always amazed by the assumptions people make :)
           | 
           | What do you disagree with?
           | 
           | I have family living in China, and I live in Portugal. Why do
           | you like nationalism so much and feel so threatened by the
           | loss of your nation as an identity? Why is it not enough to
           | just be human surrounded by other humans who are identical to
           | you?
        
         | pydry wrote:
         | Economic alliances have never been a particularly good way of
         | forming tribal allegiances.
         | 
         | Belonging to a trading bloc doesnt make you actually care about
         | the other group.
         | 
         | Also, replacing "French" nationality with "EU nationality"
         | doesnt get rid of nationalism it just scopes it at a larger
         | level. There exist "EU nationalists" and to be honest, I find
         | them as annoying as any other kind of nationalist.
        
         | poisonborz wrote:
         | While this is a very simplistical and easy to rebuff argument
         | as other replies did, a non-national "country" could be
         | theoretically doable - save for the landmass, which is all
         | occupied by existing ~national countries. Culture has not that
         | much to do with national borders anymore. Just think about a
         | "nation" of Elon Musk Followers, a nation of LGBTQ+ supporters,
         | Real Madrid fans, or admirers of Oprah Winfrey.
         | 
         | Whenever we will be able to colonize landmasses like the Moon
         | or Mars, it would be possible that these kind of artificial
         | communities could flurish. Colonisation will most likely be
         | done by market-driven corporations, which could allege with
         | these communities based on donations/taxation.
        
         | daliusd wrote:
         | How do you abolish nation? What's wrong with current EU
         | situation endorsing diversity? You can federate EU and abolish
         | national governments and that's happening slowly.
        
           | msravi wrote:
           | Even if you were to abolish the national governments you
           | would still need a local government that can always be at
           | odds with the central government, right?
           | 
           | But if you abolish these local governments as well, then
           | you're basically imposing central diktats on a population,
           | correct?
           | 
           | How do you resolve the dichotomy?
        
             | daliusd wrote:
             | Kind of correct. E.g. you may eliminate national
             | parliaments and have only EU parliament. Yes, it has
             | problems, but it feels something like that will happen
             | eventually in EU. I am OK that this happens slowly.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | > Why not abolish nations within the EU and just become the EU
         | with different provinces?
         | 
         | I can think of a few reasons.
         | 
         | - It would erase culture, a slow process already ongoing.
         | National identity, regional culture, etc would all go. - You'd
         | have to reconcile the differences in rules, culture and law.
         | Take drugs; the Netherlands is liberal with soft drugs,
         | Portugal is more liberal with hard drugs, other countries still
         | put you in jail for having any of those. Which one will it be?
         | Who will pick what option? - Wealth disparity. Euro-skeptics
         | have long complained about how much money the wealthy countries
         | pay to Europe, and how much is funneled to the poorer
         | countries. Make it one nation and every city, every farm, every
         | individual will instantly demand to receive and be paid the
         | same amount. Same complexities with health care / insurance,
         | government stipends, benefits, taxes, etc.
         | 
         | Just abolishing nations is infeasible. Europe as it is is
         | slowly turning its members into a more uniformized whole, but
         | it can't be an overnight thing. And we have made some really
         | big steps towards erasing borders; see the Schengen accord,
         | removing border posts and customs between member states. See
         | the Euro, removing barriers for moving money from one country
         | to the next. And see the UK, who decided that was not to their
         | benefit and removed themselves from the EU again.
        
           | bwb wrote:
           | It wouldn't erase culture in anyway... just help us remember
           | we are all earthlings. You can still be french, french-
           | basque, etc etc.
           | 
           | Abolishing nations is totally feasible, what it is replaced
           | with is just democracy on a local to global level.
           | 
           | It will take time but I have high hopes it will get there.
        
         | apexalpha wrote:
         | What's the point of becoming one nation if everyone has
         | different languages?
        
           | mejutoco wrote:
           | Leverage against common threads or to accomplish common
           | goals. Besides, there are many nations/countries with several
           | official languages already. Having several languages does not
           | invalidate all the advantages.
        
           | adrianN wrote:
           | There are a number of benefits, one that comes immediately to
           | mind is having a common army and saving costs. Another one is
           | that having a common currency, but not a common fiscal policy
           | is not a good idea.
           | 
           | I don't think language differences are a problem. There are a
           | couple of nations with multiple official languages.
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | Ask Switzerland, or, on a larger scale, China.
        
         | reader_mode wrote:
         | >Why not abolish nations within the EU and just become the EU
         | with different provinces?
         | 
         | Because outside of your bubble nobody wants this. A random
         | person from Bulgaria is going to have a very different culture
         | from a random person from Netherlands. What do you think
         | happens with power in such conglomerate ?
         | 
         | If you want to see what happens when you create a forced
         | conglomerate of different nations (but still more similar than
         | EU member, languages were way closer and cultures were close as
         | well) into a super state look up Yugoslavia.
        
           | 3np wrote:
           | > A random person from Bulgaria is going to have a very
           | different culture from a random person from Netherlands.
           | 
           | And somehow me, a person from Denmark, has more cultural
           | overlap with a hacker hipster from Mexico than most of my
           | childhood classmates. And somehow I still coexist peacefully
           | with my neighbors.
           | 
           | The internet and global travel are breaking down the national
           | cultural barriers (largely induced/imposed by mass media).
           | Meanwhile, power imbalance and widening gaps in the social
           | fabric are increasing issues globally, even in monocultures
           | and regardless of immigrants.
           | 
           | I think the points you raise are orthogonal. Except that
           | you're most likely right that most people don't want this -
           | because the illusion of the shared nation-culture and history
           | has been so deeply imprinted in us by propaganda from the
           | education system, the government, advertising, and media.
        
           | blocked_again wrote:
           | India does this already. With 3x more population and probably
           | has much more diversity and cultural differences than EU.
        
             | Arun2009 wrote:
             | The world's second largest standing army that can be called
             | to crush insurgencies also helps.
        
             | biscotte_ wrote:
             | India and USA are often cites as examples of federations
             | than EU should look to implement but that comparison is not
             | valid.
             | 
             | The US were a blank page, with roughly the same crowd
             | starting with the same common goal and aspirations. Europe
             | comes with 15centuries of nationlike structures and
             | history. Latin and AngloSaxons have very different
             | approaches on life and work (particularly visible in the
             | "PIGS" recent controversy...).
             | 
             | As someone said, you cant make the european omelette with
             | nations hard boiled eggs.
             | 
             | The mere facts that the euro bank notes has zero european
             | symbol (because they couldnt find one) speaks for itself.
             | So they put bridges and windows... India has Gandhi.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | _> Latin and AngloSaxons have very different approaches_
               | 
               | "Anglo-Saxons" are not part of the federation anymore,
               | and stuff like "PIGS" is simply casual racism. Do
               | Northern European countries have a casual-racism problem?
               | Very much so. Would that stop a federation from working
               | in the long run? I doubt it very much. Otherwise Texas
               | and New Jersey would have parted ways a long time ago.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | Both India and the US also had their bloody moments to
               | make it happen, in the Partition (and then Bangladesh
               | Liberation War) and Civil War respectively.
        
               | biscotte_ wrote:
               | True, but there have been many attempts to create Europe
               | in the past, the 3rd Reich being one of them, Napoleon,
               | and others before. Europhiles dont like that reminder but
               | people at the time used the same rethoric of "building
               | the great Europe", "nations are too old etc", I can give
               | you references of actual political figures of the 30s and
               | 40s who had that speech and led their country to
               | collaboration with the nazis in the name of "Europe".
        
               | dalbasal wrote:
               | Agreed, but it's not like europe was all nation-centric
               | politics before. Europe _was_ divided into provinces
               | within empires. Ottoman, Russian, Austro Hungarian...
               | most of Europe was part of a multinational empire, most
               | of the time.
               | 
               | The idea that nation states are old, and multinationalism
               | is new is fallacious. It's only post WWII that borders,
               | political control, and ethnic homogeneity are strongly
               | national... Yugoslavia being the most recent example.
        
               | doctorbaum wrote:
               | > I can give you references of actual political figures
               | of the 30s and 40s who had that speech and led their
               | country to collaboration with the nazis in the name of
               | "Europe".
               | 
               | I would love to (interested in the topic)
        
               | biscotte_ wrote:
               | Check out a guy called Laval in france, leader of
               | collaboration, with his famous speech "i wish germany's
               | victory".
               | 
               | First national exhibition hosted by the Vichy government
               | during occupation: "la France europeenne". Showing maps
               | of future europe, where nation-states would have
               | disappeared.
               | 
               | French far-right at the time was also calling England,
               | "the enemy of europe", for instance on a book from M.
               | Deat, another politica leader from the 40s.
        
               | Engineering-MD wrote:
               | I think those comparisons are unhelpful. The idea of
               | closer integrity in Europe is not what is unsavoury in
               | those examples, it is the manner in which it was
               | attempted. The EU is an attempt at democratic and
               | mutually agreed union, celebrating differences. Napoleon
               | and the third reich were conquest, bloodshed and forced
               | change.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | I think that's partly parent's point: that integration
               | between disparate cultures has mostly been (and maybe can
               | only be) accomplished with force and bloodshed, however
               | high minded the ideals might seem to its drivers.
               | 
               | And in contrast, this thread's point: that attempts to
               | unify disparate cultures via democracy and mutual
               | agreement, celebrating differences, have difficulties and
               | failures when constituents decide to abandon good faith.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | reader_mode wrote:
             | By that logic India and Pakistan should also merge.
        
               | blocked_again wrote:
               | No your logic was it's not possible to have a country
               | with so much diversity. I just showed a counter example.
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | You are comparing uncomparable, the population of India
               | and EU are composed of very different people with
               | different mindsets, expectations, opinions. Indians are
               | generally much more docile (spent 6 months backpacking
               | all around that place, it is really different in this
               | regard).
               | 
               | Also, comparing diversity is tricky - natives from
               | Lappland have 0 in common with say Greek or Spaniards.
               | Same would go for india's extremes, its rather impossible
               | to say who is more different (personally I would still
               | say Europe, since ways of life are almost the same if you
               | look on India east, south, north, west, very similar
               | cuisine etc... not so much in Europe).
               | 
               | We have proven track of how it doesn't work here in
               | Europe, no need to spin another set of wars to re-confirm
               | it.
               | 
               | Also, India sees quite a bit of domestic terrorism in its
               | eastern parts exactly due to mindsets like yours. Not
               | something we like to see here in Europe.
        
               | blocked_again wrote:
               | I never said EU should become a country. I just showed an
               | example of a country with more population and more or
               | less the same diversity which made it work. Obviously
               | there are pros and cons with both approaches. And I think
               | EU is better off the way it is now.
        
               | reader_mode wrote:
               | I know very little about history of India or the culture,
               | but I guarantee you that creating such entity would
               | result in a civil war, demonstrated throughout European
               | history.
        
               | blocked_again wrote:
               | Yeah. I also don't think it's probably a good idea for
               | the EU to become a country. Countries have a lot more
               | power, autonomy etc which states lack. I think the
               | current system of EU is pretty good.
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | Indian content has a very long history of common governance
             | in the region and very few opportunities for clear cut
             | delineation. A few, but not many.
        
           | mipsi wrote:
           | I would not overemphasize the cultural differences between
           | the Balkan people and call Yugoslavia a super state. The
           | history of the people there is intertwined and national
           | divisions are very much superimposed by ideologists.
        
           | bwb wrote:
           | It requires people to become more than what they are now, the
           | same as when we didn't have nationalism and people made that
           | leap "up"...
           | 
           | People need to think beyond these tribes and up it a level. A
           | random person from Bulgaria is very similar to a random
           | person from Netherlands. I welcome the day that our tribe is
           | Earth...
        
           | mihaaly wrote:
           | I belive there is a serious confusion here concerning the
           | terms of nation, country, culture.
           | 
           | EU is made of countries and having countries merged does not
           | mean that cultures has to be, actually hundrends of cultures
           | and subcultures live together with other cultures in present
           | countries, even as parts of nations, even inside cultures
           | (subcultures).
           | 
           | It is a basic human need and necessity to collaborate,
           | everybody wants and needs that!! (except those living in a
           | lone grumpy bubble) Those not doing it are not really viable:
           | see Yugoslavia. : )
           | 
           | The EU - and in fact many many countries with hudreds of
           | years of success - is made of and founded by former arch
           | enemies btw....
        
           | maigret wrote:
           | Or Switzerland or Belgium. I'd argue that, by now, there are
           | more differences (cultural, economic, political...) between
           | parts of the countries, like cities vs countryside, than
           | between countries.
        
             | biscotte_ wrote:
             | Not really... take a look at the average salary in Romania
             | and compare to France of Luxembourg ...
        
             | joelbluminator wrote:
             | Isnt belgium unable to form a government for years? I don't
             | know that Belgium is a diversity succeess story.
        
               | tut-urut-utut wrote:
               | What's wrong with not having the government? It looks
               | like Belgium functions quite well on an administrative
               | level that it doesn't really need a "government".
        
               | joelbluminator wrote:
               | A lot of countries would have loved to be Belgium, I
               | agree. But we're making the case whether national
               | diversity is good or not. If Belgium would have split to
               | the flemish and french parts - why would that have been
               | worse?
        
           | C19is20 wrote:
           | As a euperson i want it. And i know many more that would like
           | the same. The bubble may be bigger than you think.
        
             | reader_mode wrote:
             | I think it doesn't matter how big the bubble is - you saw
             | what happened with Brexit (and it got validated by EU
             | handling of COVID crisis), now imagine what happens when
             | the only option to leave is succession/civil war.
             | 
             | There are independence tensions within European _countries_
             | (eg. Spain /Basque, UK/Scotland).
             | 
             | You have to be a blind idealist to think this would work.
             | There are going to be a lot of crisis scenarios for EU in
             | the next few decades, refugees being the looming one EU
             | failed to reach a consensus on and botched previously (that
             | helped radicalise parts of it like Hungary and further
             | alienated UK). The pending post COVID inflation/economic
             | shock could also storm the Euro zone, Greece is still
             | devastated from the "bailouts" in the financial crisis.
        
               | goodpoint wrote:
               | > There are independence tensions within European
               | countries (eg. Spain/Basque, UK/Scotland). > You have to
               | be a blind idealist to think this would work
               | 
               | You are confusing independence from nationalism. They are
               | very different things and you can have the first without
               | the second.
        
               | johnnycerberus wrote:
               | What is wrong with the EU handling of COVID crisis? We
               | have vaccinated more people than the US and there was no
               | major breakout since summer 2020. In constrast with the
               | UK where restrictions have been draconic.
        
               | reader_mode wrote:
               | EU botched acquiring vaccine compares to most developed
               | countries by months, in no small part due to the retarded
               | mindset that pharma companies shouldn't profit off of
               | this and trying to renegotiate prices forever (overriding
               | some countries who tried to acquire it individually and
               | would have gotten it faster).
               | 
               | Measures were not dictated by EU, each country decided
               | it's own policy.
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | The only large countries that did better were the UK and
               | US due to banning the export of vaccines. It's mainly the
               | UK trying to spin this as a propaganda win after BREXIT.
        
               | reader_mode wrote:
               | What other comparable developed countries are there ?
               | Australia had it's own isolation thing so it's a
               | different context entirely.
               | 
               | Russia had vacation faster, China as well.
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | Japan and South Korea for instance, but what's your
               | point?
        
               | reader_mode wrote:
               | That some EU members had deals for faster delivery and
               | got overturned by EU causing a worse situation for those
               | countries, just like UK would if it was a part of EU.
               | 
               | Von der Leyen even said so herself, and she still
               | believes it was the right thing to do to stifle the big
               | countries in order to maintain the EU.
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | If Germany or the Netherlands decided to ban exports on
               | vaccines they'd probably have had the highest vaccination
               | rates on the planet. But that would just be selfish.
               | Stifling big countries in favor of a fair distribution of
               | vaccines WAS the right thing.
               | 
               | What if some US state with most of the vaccine
               | manufacturing had stopped the export of vaccine over
               | state borders? Would that be fine by you because it's in
               | their self interest?
        
               | 3np wrote:
               | Hardly Japan (it being a disconnected island nation)
        
               | throwaway473825 wrote:
               | > Russia had vacation faster, China as well.
               | 
               | No, they did not. Here's a site where you can see the
               | share of people vaccinated against COVID-19:
               | https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations
        
               | _fizz_buzz_ wrote:
               | Norway, Canada, Switzerland etc.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > Russia had vacation faster, China as well.
               | 
               | ... Wait, what makes you think that? Per OurWorldInData,
               | except for a brief period in early January, EU total
               | doses per capita have always been ahead of Russia and
               | China, until June, when China drew ahead (Russia is still
               | _far_ behind). And even then, that wasn't supply-driven;
               | if you consider EU countries with high vaccine acceptance
               | (Ireland, Germany, Denmark etc), those are still ahead of
               | China; China overtook the EU as a whole due to vaccine
               | reluctance in parts of the EU.
        
               | biscotte_ wrote:
               | Not UK's fault if whatever the EU does ends up a mess,
               | whether trying to name a corridor in a Brussels building,
               | or trying to have The European GPS up and running.
               | 
               | Normal, with 27 participants all responding to different
               | national and political interests. Try having a flatshare
               | with 27 families and agreeing on how to paint the wall.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > EU botched acquiring vaccine compares to most developed
               | countries by months, in no small part due to the retarded
               | mindset that pharma companies shouldn't profit off of
               | this and trying to renegotiate prices forever
               | 
               | Eh, that's a dubious narrative. In practice, Europe made
               | an at the time fairly reasonable-looking bet on the wrong
               | horse; significant production problems were expected with
               | mRNA vaccines, while no-one really expected big problems
               | with viral vector vaccines.
               | 
               | As it turned out, mRNA production went amazingly smoothly
               | (to the point that overdelivery by Pfizer/Biontec largely
               | saved the EU programme) while viral vector production was
               | a _disaster_. If AZ and J&J had been able to deliver what
               | they planned, or even modestly underdeliver, the issue of
               | contracts would not have arisen.
        
               | johnnycerberus wrote:
               | Pharma companies should not profit off pandemics. It is
               | an ethical thing to do. And beside that, I know that drug
               | companies are heavily subsidised by state and their
               | research is mostly done with tax-exempt money.
        
               | reader_mode wrote:
               | Profit is the strongest market incentive, you want them
               | to profit and invest full on in this kind of research.
               | And pharma profits insanely is still negligible to the
               | loss due to delaying vaccine deployment, spending any
               | nin-trivial amount of time negotiating prices is full on
               | retarded from that perspective, not to mention protecting
               | vulnerable groups ASAP.
        
           | guerrilla wrote:
           | > Because outside of your bubble nobody wants this.
           | 
           | This is just dismissively asserrting your opinion as if it
           | were fact. Where are your statistics on this?
        
         | rorroe53 wrote:
         | There are many practical problems to actually implementing this
         | idea.
         | 
         | First, money. Some parts of the EU are way richer than others,
         | with superior welfare systems. If every EU citizen is to be
         | truly equal, then that would mean same standards of government
         | services and welfare everywhere, which would be costly to the
         | richer states. Of course, alternatively we could lower
         | standards everywhere, but that's not good for people.
         | 
         | Then there's cultural, economic, geolocial differences in
         | general, higher corruption in many members states of
         | east/south... Plenty of things to consider. Leaders in some
         | parts of the EU really won't understand the situation in other
         | parts, which makes any kind of centralized government
         | problematic. Perhaps a very decentralized model could work
         | though, but then again that's not much different from what we
         | have now.
         | 
         | Also, nationalism is hardly "an ancient mentality". Healthy
         | nationalism, a common idea and identity is something pretty
         | much all well-functioning countries have. United States of
         | Europe would never work without a common European identity, and
         | controlled outer borders. Cultural differences between
         | different parts of the world are still way too large for
         | anything like democratic one world government to work.
        
         | biscotte_ wrote:
         | So if the concept of nation is ancient why do you want to
         | create an EU... nation ????
        
         | bagacrap wrote:
         | On the contrary I think people would be happier in the US if it
         | did split into multiple nations.
        
           | bwb wrote:
           | Would people be happier if they never faced any loss or
           | conflict? I think the answer to that question is clearly no.
           | Forget about the deeper question of what is real "happiness"
           | and is that a meaningful goal in life...
           | 
           | We are resilient and these current conflicts are merely the
           | by product of growth, learning, and building a stronger
           | community and culture.
        
         | sharken wrote:
         | I am not at all surprised by the popularity of Orban.
         | 
         | An important part is the strong resistance to migrants, which
         | would mean a great influx of mainly Arabs with an incompatible
         | culture and religion compared to Europe.
         | 
         | Look to Sweden to see how it goes when you allow too many
         | migrants into a European country.
         | 
         | On the other hand there are many serious problems with Orbans
         | rule, e.g. trying to control the free press, not respecting the
         | rights of LGBT.
         | 
         | But to many hungarians it is better to have a controlled
         | migration than all the listed downsides.
        
           | turbinerneiter wrote:
           | This is what people in Austria said when the Hungarian people
           | were allowed to work here. It was all hate and "they took our
           | jobs".
           | 
           | Many people in the west saw and see the eastern Europeans
           | just as the eastern Europeans see the "Arabs".
           | 
           | I'd honestly rather see my tax money spent on helping a
           | refugee from Africa than see it funneled to corrupt Orban in
           | Hungary.
        
         | wrnr wrote:
         | Lets merge all soccer clubs into one, then there will no longer
         | be a need for matches since one club just has all the players
         | they don't even need to be the best.
         | 
         | Nationalism is a very recent affair, the idea that people and
         | not just the nobility have nations is a 19 century concept.
        
           | tome wrote:
           | > Nationalism is a very recent affair, the idea that people
           | and not just the nobility have nations is a 19 century
           | concept.
           | 
           | Is that right? Sounds like the opposite to me. The English
           | King, German Kaiser and Russian Tsar during WWI were cousins.
           | 
           | https://www.history.co.uk/articles/the-kaiser-the-tsar-
           | and-k...
        
             | boomboomsubban wrote:
             | Yes. The German Kaiser was the result of the nationalist
             | German speaking people uniting under the Prussian King.
             | Russia had steadfastly rejected the ideas of nationalism
             | and maintained the Tsar had the divine right to rule, and
             | the British royalty was already largely a figurehead for
             | the British "nation."
             | 
             | There can exist nationalist monarchies, just the thing
             | keeping then bound is not that they are the same rulers
             | subjects.
        
           | upgrejd wrote:
           | Nationalism may be relatively young but tribalism has existed
           | as long as humans. Nationalism just happens to be the most
           | successful form of tribalism.
        
         | jakub_g wrote:
         | As someone who moved countries within the EU, I started looking
         | at things from global perspective, and what matters today is
         | the power balance between EU, US, China. Whereas within EU most
         | countries still look at their own interest, fueled by
         | politicians and their 4-5 years election periods. This is
         | really sad, because the EU is digging their own grave.
         | 
         | Re: your comment, it's not only on nation level. People have
         | tendency to form groups and build their identity on "us vs
         | them" basis. That's why you have rivalries between football
         | clubs from different cities etc.
         | 
         | Anyway, language and culture/history is a powerful thing that
         | people can't get over in us-vs-them thinking. There's also
         | business in play which collides with politics a lot. For
         | example Germany are fine doing business with Russia, while for
         | Poland, Lithuania and other Russia-bordering countries, RU is
         | #1 evil and existential threat.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | > their nation over larger groups of human beings who are just
         | like them.
         | 
         | Because when the going gets really tough that abstract "human
         | being" from across the Continent won't care at all about you,
         | while at the same time the person geographically closer to you
         | and who might belong to the same nation might prove to be a
         | better ally. Just think of the Greece crisis of 2012 when the
         | "human beings" from The Netherlands were generally just
         | assholes to their fellow human beings who happened to live in
         | Athens or in Thessaloniki.
        
           | greendesk wrote:
           | Or just think of the mirror statement. It is a practice to
           | reverse a statement, to see if it logically consistent. Here,
           | it will go:
           | 
           | Or think of the Greece crisis of 2012 when the "human beings"
           | from Greece were generally just assholes to their fellow
           | human beings who happened to live in Slovenia, Munich or
           | Denmark. Note that the Greek crisis included a transfer from
           | poorer Slovenia to the richer Greece. Note that Greeks as a
           | nation has a high savings - the money has been within Greece
           | jurisdiction all along. Note that Greece has a high
           | corruption rate.
           | 
           | While the first statement stands, the use of Greek crisis of
           | 2012 signifies the authority different jurisdictions have in
           | aiming for effective administration.
        
             | paganel wrote:
             | > Note that Greece has a high corruption rate.
             | 
             | Merkel actively lobbied for the corrupt Wirecard company in
             | front of China officials while the company had been under
             | investigation, afaik the highest Greek official has done no
             | such vile and corrupt things. Unfortunately what Merkel did
             | does not get counted in various "corruption charts" for
             | various reasons (Orientalism being just one of them).
        
         | seaknoll wrote:
         | Isn't it all just a question of what scale is the "best"? I
         | agree with your premise but in practice, determining the best
         | policies on trade - much less issues like education and poverty
         | - on a smaller scale is much more tractable than thinking in
         | terms of ever larger subsets of the human race. We should be
         | just as saddened by civilians dying in Iraq as the US, but that
         | doesn't mean we know what's best for them in terms of any of
         | the above. Any grouping of people advocating for themselves
         | ultimately needs an organizing body, and the cycle of tribalism
         | continues.
        
         | bluthund wrote:
         | What a sick mentality. Globalism and mass immigration is the
         | destructor of culture.
         | 
         | Nationalism is the only rational mentality for long term
         | sustainability.
         | 
         | A people should never be ruled by those who have no blood in
         | the soil or by those who don't serve the needs of that people.
         | 
         | Nationalism is what makes great nations. You can forget about
         | that for a while and play the game of the inevitable failure of
         | multiculturalism, but it will always fail, you will always
         | destroy society, and from the ashes, a cohesive, homogeneous
         | people will reemerge to build back from the ashes of your
         | stupidity as has always been done
        
           | bwb wrote:
           | Eh? What a weird response and I can't tell if you are a troll
           | given the age of your account...
           | 
           | Globalism is one of the best things to happen to our planet.
           | I look forward to the next 1,000 years and hopefully reaching
           | a point where everyone realizes we have a responsibility to
           | every other person on this planet, as well as the planet
           | itself. And, that a base level of respect and acceptance
           | should be granted to every person on this planet. Nationalism
           | is an interesting step on which we climbed. But, it is an
           | arbitrary marker to divide people and I look forward to
           | history washing it away in xxx years.
           | 
           | I do not think people should be ruled, I think people should
           | rule themselves through some form of democracy.
           | 
           | Are you advocating something other than democracy?
        
           | nameequalsmain wrote:
           | > Globalism and mass immigration is the destructor of
           | culture.
           | 
           | In what way? It might change the cultural landscape but that
           | happens all the time, even the most nationalistic state does
           | not have the exact same culture it did 100 years ago. Old
           | culture will go away to make place for a new one, or rather,
           | culture is always evolving.
           | 
           | > You can forget about that for a while and play the game of
           | the inevitable failure of multiculturalism, but it will
           | always fail, you will always destroy society, and from the
           | ashes, a cohesive, homogeneous people will reemerge to build
           | back from the ashes of your stupidity as has always been done
           | 
           | Do you have any examples?
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | People are tribal by nature. They will get into fights because
         | their neighbour supports the "wrong" sports club, and you can
         | extend that up to any level. Within a country there's city vs
         | city, city vs countryside, and above country level there's EU
         | vs US, or "the west" vs "the east".
         | 
         | People group together with others that share certain cultural
         | values. Ever since borders, passports and standard languages
         | have been the norm, this has only been reinforced.
         | 
         | I don't feel culturally similar to many other European
         | countries, most notable Hungary, Poland and some other
         | countries that have been sliding towards the far right. I
         | wouldn't want the people who voted Orban into power to outvote
         | me, either.
         | 
         | Grand unification of humanity is a good ideal, one we should
         | work towards, but it's not something that will be possible
         | within our lifetimes. There are very practical reasons against
         | the North American Alliance; for example, Canada has socialised
         | healthcare, while you can't even get the suggestion off the
         | ground in the US. Such political differences don't just
         | disappear.
         | 
         | I don't want a European superstate because I disagree with most
         | people that would live in it. My ideals would no longer be
         | represented by my government. I think that's enough reason not
         | to go for complete European unification. Opinions can change,
         | so maybe some day we can all agree, but with Hungary fighting
         | the free press and its people cheering Orban on, I can't say I
         | expect this situation to change any time soon.
        
           | Hokusai wrote:
           | > People are tribal by nature.
           | 
           | Maybe, but what "tribe" are you part of is completely fluid.
           | Your tribe can be extremely inclusive or exclusive.
           | 
           | > Grand unification of humanity is a good ideal, one we
           | should work towards, but it's not something that will be
           | possible within our lifetimes.
           | 
           | And it is quite of inevitable as communication and travel
           | becomes cheaper.
           | 
           | > I don't want a European superstate because I disagree with
           | most people that would live in it. My ideals would no longer
           | be represented by my government. I think that's enough reason
           | not to go for complete European unification.
           | 
           | That is easily an argument against any form of government. No
           | country would exist this way for good or bad. But they
           | exists. As you said, bigger communities are a matter of time.
           | What it would have been an impossible union 100 years ago it
           | makes a lot of sense today.
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | "Maybe, but what "tribe" are you part of is completely
             | fluid"
             | 
             | There is a lot of friction when changing tribes. Especially
             | if it means changing your religion, language and culture.
             | Few people can make that jump.
             | 
             | I would not call this "completely fluid".
        
               | goodpoint wrote:
               | On the contrary, studies clearly show that people are
               | aligning themselves more and more with "tribes" that are
               | based on a geographic area.
               | 
               | Cheap travel and social networks made it possible.
               | 
               | We are doing it right now on HN.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | This only really concerns highly educated professionals
               | who can speak fluent English or other lingua franca. We
               | on the HN are precisely such a self-selected subset.
               | 
               | But European electorates as such (and we are talking
               | about the EU here) do not, in the big picture, resemble
               | this self-selected elite, and elected politicians must
               | take that into account or risk growth of populist parties
               | thriving on topics where the general population and the
               | elite disagrees.
        
             | rorroe53 wrote:
             | I would argue that a tribe at least need some kind of a
             | common identity to remain strong, which by nature excludes
             | it from people who lack that identity. An extremely
             | inclusive tribe probably won't be a strong one with a sense
             | of community. An example could be citizenship - we may not
             | relate that much with someone just because he happens to
             | live in the same country, compared to him being also our
             | neighbour or colleague.
        
           | snickerer wrote:
           | > People are tribal by nature.
           | 
           | By nature or not by nature -- they are in fact very tribal.
           | 
           | But I see this as an argument for the United States of
           | Europe. Let's give tribalism to the people in the USE. Big
           | _cultural_ autonomy for all the regions! The government
           | should fund all the locals' funny dances, clothes, and
           | rituals.
           | 
           | Having regional culture makes the average tribalist more
           | happy than having nation wide culture, I believe.
        
           | goodpoint wrote:
           | > People are tribal by nature
           | 
           | This is "appeal to nature" nonsense. Tribalism, just like
           | every other social behavior, can be learned and unlearned.
           | 
           | Imagine if someone was getting tribal along odd VS even
           | apartment number or floor number. It would be seen as
           | ridiculous just because it's not in line with the social
           | construct indicating what to be tribal about.
           | 
           | > People group together with others that share certain
           | cultural values.
           | 
           | By this logic, relocating across countries should be made
           | illegal to prevent diluting culture. This would be
           | ultranationalism.
           | 
           | > I don't feel culturally similar to many other European
           | countries
           | 
           | Societies are not countries and are not people. We can be
           | feel very disconnected from some societal values and yet find
           | similar minded individuals in it.
           | 
           | > Grand unification of humanity is a good ideal, one we
           | should work towards, but it's not something that will be
           | possible within our lifetimes.
           | 
           | Citation needed. Humanity has never seen the level of culture
           | and information sharing that is happening now.
           | 
           | For the first time in history some 15 years old girl in
           | Vietnam can watch at a viral meme put on social media by an
           | equally young boy from Canada. Practically for free and with
           | no effort.
           | 
           | > Such political differences don't just disappear.
           | 
           | History shows otherwise. Big, unexpected grass-root social
           | changes happen. Especially under the pressure from climate
           | collapse and so on.
        
         | jollybean wrote:
         | Why not abolish the EU?
         | 
         | EU nationalism is actually stronger than local nationalism in
         | many circles - I rarely see comments defending any nation state
         | here (except the Swiss, cough, cough, mostly kidding) but any
         | criticism of the EU is met with zealotry.
         | 
         | More pragmatically, the EU makes little sense as anything but
         | an economic block.
         | 
         | The notion that Germans and Greeks are going to accept real
         | transfer payments, common taxation, common fiscal policy and
         | similar rights to healthcare quality is basically ... bonkers.
         | Germany would be the first to split.
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | _> Nationalism is an ancient mentality_
         | 
         | Not just nationalism, but _tribalism_.
         | 
         | That's why the US has such an appalling record of bias. Each
         | new wave of immigrants (not to mention the ones that were here,
         | to start with, and those that were dragged over, against their
         | will) has been met with torrents of hatred, abuse, and state-
         | sanctioned terror. In most cases, it had little to do with skin
         | color, and everything to do with cultural differences.
         | 
         | When I lived in Africa, I saw tribalism writ large. It gets
         | _bad_. If we think it 's only in the developing world, then we
         | simply need to look at what happened to Yugoslavia, after Tito
         | died.
         | 
         | I think that tribalism is in our DNA, and it takes a real,
         | concerted, conscious, effort to fight it. That's hard,
         | humbling, work, and most folks aren't up for it.
         | 
         | Externally-imposed structure (Tito) works, but it's a temporary
         | band-aid.
        
           | bwb wrote:
           | Agreed, it is going to take time to change this cultural
           | response to what is different/new. We are not purely slaves
           | to our DNA, but it will be an upward battle. Government and
           | business can improve this and have. As does time :)
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | When you get big enough it's hard to hold people accountable.
         | The US federal government is almost too big already.
        
         | dalbasal wrote:
         | >> Nationalism is an ancient mentality
         | 
         | In some sense, maybe... The foundations are ancient. But...
         | 
         | The "world order" where the globe is divided into nation states
         | is quite new. Before that, multinational empires were the
         | dominant mode. We tend to think of west european empires as the
         | canonical: french, british and spanish. These empires had clear
         | "home countries," so the dynamic was "nation ruling other
         | nations."
         | 
         | Other empires were more ambiguous. EG the Austro Hungarian
         | Empire & the Ottoman empires. They had capitals, centres of
         | power and such. But, geographic and ethnic national boundaries
         | were much fuzzier within these empires.
         | 
         | The border changes, forced migrations and ethnic cleansing that
         | created the modern nation state world happened mostly within
         | the last 100 years. Take Warsaw, for example. Before WW2,
         | ethnic Poles were about 50% of the population. Jews & Germans
         | were the next biggest groups. This was typical of european
         | cities. After the war, Warsaw and Poland within its new borders
         | was/is >90% Polish. Also typical. Meanwhile, countries like
         | Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Northern Ireland & Belgium that
         | didn't fit into the "nation state" template were pretty
         | unstable.
         | 
         | The USSR's dissolution pretty much cemented a world order where
         | nation states dominate. That's recent.
         | 
         | What you are advocating for is, by some definition, the
         | establishment of an EU Empire. Maybe a democratic empire is
         | possible, but we don't really have example to draw on.
        
         | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
         | We barely trust 'our' own representatives and you want us to
         | trust those other guys?
         | 
         | In all seriousness, the issue is trust. And I have no idea how
         | we could possibly get there as a human kind.
        
           | bwb wrote:
           | I trust my reps to be human, and I trust anyone else to be
           | human as that is what they all are :)
           | 
           | It might take a hundred or a thousand years, but that is
           | where I'd like to see us go. And, it seems like that is where
           | we are going given the global nature of business. Do you
           | think people working at FB or Google who are working with
           | people in 15+ countries don't realize how similar we all are?
           | And, that this entire concept of nations is largely a farce?
        
             | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
             | I like that optimism and am hoping.
             | 
             | To your point:
             | 
             | But what kind of human are they? Do they share belief A? Do
             | they use position B on Tuesdays? Do they not associate with
             | Cs? Do they have righteous gene D?
        
               | bwb wrote:
               | Ya agreed, it is going to take some time but a good place
               | to aim for :)
               | 
               | I'd like to see a shared believe that we are all human
               | beings who are not that different in the grand scheme of
               | things. And that everyone is worth a base level of
               | respect. That seems like a good place to aim for.
               | 
               | And... still thinking on this one... but I think that the
               | quickest way to lose that base level of respect is if you
               | are someone who advocates that someone else is not worthy
               | of that base level of respect. I am blown away by how
               | many people define themselves by who they
               | hate/dislike/don't-understand, and somehow that becomes a
               | rally cry for their identity. It is a weird mentality.
               | 
               | The conflict between being in society and an individual
               | is a hard one. I always like to imagine a global system
               | where you opt into a legal system / social contract of
               | your choice. I'll take Shite law, or I'll take the
               | American society contract, or I'll take Chinese CCP
               | contract, or Nordic contract....
        
         | workallday21 wrote:
         | You are naive.
        
       | mayank_vashisht wrote:
       | It'd be interesting to learn how the NSO group's marketing
       | worked. Did NSO go knocking on the doors of all these despotic
       | regimes? Or was it the other way around?
       | 
       | And what was the hand of the Israeli government in the deal-
       | making? For instance, reports state that the spying in India
       | began right after the India's PM met with Netanyahu in 2017 [1]
       | So was NSO actively backed by the government?
       | 
       | Sigh. So many questions.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.theguardian.com/news/2021/jul/19/key-modi-
       | rival-...
        
       | Vaderv wrote:
       | Thank you tje country that made it
        
       | haspok wrote:
       | TL;DR: the government hacking into private mobile phones is
       | completely legal practice according to Hungarian laws and nobody
       | can be held responsible for it.
        
       | saagarjha wrote:
       | > The son and one of the closest confidants of former oligarch
       | Lajos Simicska. They were both selected as targets before the
       | Hungarian national election of April 2018. Back then, Simicska
       | was the owner of a media empire, and he was openly waging war
       | against the Orban government. (It would have been futile to
       | target Simicska with this spyware as he did not use smartphones.)
       | 
       | There's literally no winning here. You can literally disconnect
       | from the internet and they'll just target the people around
       | you...
        
       | alexseman wrote:
       | Haha so many comments from the SV & Bruxelles globo-homo bubble.
       | 
       | Hungary is a sovereign nation with a freely elected body of
       | leaders who uphold the national, traditional & Christian values
       | on which it is founded and which allowed this nation's continuity
       | throughout history.
       | 
       | Get over it.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | NicoJuicy wrote:
       | Orban is a cancer on Europe, i really the EU has a decent
       | response this time.
        
         | xiphias2 wrote:
         | Sure, and Orban would have never been able to have so much
         | power if EU wouldn't give so much free money to him without
         | verifying where that money goes.
        
         | tarere wrote:
         | > "Orban is a cancer on Europe"
         | 
         | Orban too little "woke" ? One would say "EU is a cancer for
         | european nations and people", I strongly think that this
         | techno-totalitarist institution is on the brink of total
         | collapse. Brexit first, Hungary, Poland, I sure hope France is
         | next with our "startup nation" CEO.
         | 
         | French people voted NO to EU in 2005, it was forced upon us.
         | You may argue as much as you want EU and its supra-national
         | institutions are not a democratic process.
         | 
         | If EU was good for Europe, US would not have set it up back in
         | the days. Everything is about power. Before it was power of
         | nations, now it is obviously power from a selected few over the
         | mass, supra-national oligarchy.
        
         | biscotte_ wrote:
         | Always funny to see the europhiles say how much they love
         | europe... but... the Hungarians this... and the lazy greeks
         | that... and the Luxembourg cheaters... and the Polish that...
         | yes of course they are very "tolerant, "humanists", etc, but
         | dont you dare step out of the very fine line of what THEIR
         | europe is.
        
         | dstick wrote:
         | I read in the newspaper today that the EU issued an ultimatum
         | to Poland: get rid of the unlawful special court that deems
         | itself above the EU law, or face repercussions. Finally they're
         | growing some teeth.
         | 
         | https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/europea...
         | 
         | However, after Googling for an online source, I came across
         | this article about another ultimatum for justice reform in
         | 2017, and things only got worse after that :-/
         | 
         | https://euobserver.com/justice/138627
        
           | jollybean wrote:
           | And how does the EU justify it's legal supremacy?
           | 
           | Where do they get that right? By treaty?
           | 
           | Or perhaps the European Court of Justice simply 'ruled' that
           | it's laws were 'supreme' in a bizarre act of defining it's
           | own jurisdiction outside of treaty agreements?
           | 
           | Europeans _never agreed_ to give the ECJ supremacy. The ECJ
           | just  'took' that power.
           | 
           | It's a baffling bit of legal history [1][2] and it
           | demonstrates just how powerful these institutions can become
           | outside of democratic norms.
           | 
           | A quote: "The principle was derived from an interpretation of
           | the European Court of Justice, which ruled that European law
           | has priority over any contravening national law, including
           | the constitution of a member state itself. The majority of
           | national courts have generally recognized and accepted this
           | principle, except for the part where European law outranks a
           | member state's constitution. As a result, national courts
           | have also reversed the right to review the conformity of EU
           | law with national constitutional law."
           | 
           | Because of this and the resulting vaguery, it's still not
           | always perfectly clear which 'court' is supreme in exactly
           | what ways.
           | 
           | The Germans resolve that EU laws cannot contradict their
           | Basic Law - to be determined by their own Supreme Court,
           | which is kind of a backwards way of saying 'our national
           | courts still have supremacy'.
           | 
           | It would be pretty interesting to see Poland take on the ECJ
           | in this case, because it might cause an EU level
           | constitutional crisis as they'd probably challenge the
           | legitimacy of the 'Supremacy' ruling from 1964 that set the
           | precedent.
           | 
           | It's not as clear cut as the headlines would have us believe,
           | like for example a US State taking on the Supreme Court.
           | 
           | Even in Canada, the provincial leaders invoke Constitutional
           | shenanigans to make up their own laws that can't be rescinded
           | by the constitution.
           | 
           | We'll have to see what happens.
           | 
           | [1] https://eur-
           | lex.europa.eu/summary/glossary/primacy_of_eu_law...
           | 
           | [2]
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primacy_of_European_Union_law
        
             | mariusor wrote:
             | In your post you seem to imply that European Law has
             | precedence over national laws in all cases. As your first
             | link details a couple paragraphs down, it's not so, it only
             | covers those where nations submit to EU sovereignty
             | explicitly:
             | 
             | > It should be noted that the primacy of EU law only
             | applies where EU countries have ceded sovereignty to the EU
             | -- fields such as the single market, environment,
             | transport, etc. However, it does not apply in areas such as
             | social policy and taxation.
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | 1) True - but was 'sovereignty ceded'? By legislative
               | vote? Referendum? Treaty?
               | 
               | Not so much. It was 'ceded' when the ECJ 'took' the
               | power. 'Ceding' wasn't a vote or referendum, it was more
               | or less recognizing the ECJ's power grab. Justices in the
               | national courts started 'recognizing' the ruling, and
               | because France has a weird constitutional basis in 1958
               | which recognizes treaties above their own law ... ECJ
               | becomes the supreme court.
               | 
               | Nobody voted for it. There was no specific legislation.
               | There was no specific treaty. It just happened like legal
               | dominos falling over one another after a niche court
               | ruling.
               | 
               | In Germany, we are not really sure what the situation is.
               | The Germans said that their federal court could 'review'
               | ECJ rulings, but never did. So what is the legal
               | standing? Well the FCC (Germany) finally did take an ECJ
               | case to task in 2020 and now ECJ Supremacy will be
               | tested.
               | 
               | It's basically crazy that in 2021 nobody really knows who
               | the Supreme Court is in Europe and in what areas. Here is
               | the case. [1]
               | 
               | By the way - the French recognition of ECJ rulings
               | depends on reciprocity, meaning, they only respect the
               | rulings if the other states do. If Germany decides that
               | it's courts have jurisdiction in Germany ... then this
               | puts France's recognition of ECJ in jeopardy. (They did a
               | constitutional review 20 years ago and had to ensure this
               | 'reciprocity' which will be called into question by this
               | Germany 2020 FCC case.)
               | 
               | It's basically kind of absurd that there is this much
               | ambiguity in one of the major pillars of liberal
               | democracy.
               | 
               | 2) Yes, as you point out, the ECJ specific areas, but
               | notably, the 'The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the
               | European Union' is a vague, and therefore very widely
               | scoping document. In Canada, after the introduction of
               | such a charter, a whole host of laws where overthrown and
               | the Supreme Court changes their minds about things and do
               | as they please with vague wording such as 'freedom of
               | expression and conscience' etc.. So this brings up some
               | complicated questions for the EU as well on this. Rulings
               | on this charter can delve into anything.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.clydeco.com/en/insights/2020/05/germanys-
               | federal...
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | dogma1138 wrote:
           | It's hard to issue these ultimatums when in Germany the
           | constitution is supreme too and the courts would and do take
           | it over EU law when there is conflict.
        
             | trasz wrote:
             | Except they don't. Please don't spread polish government's
             | propaganda.
        
               | dogma1138 wrote:
               | Except they do https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-
               | prepares-legal-action-aga...
               | 
               | Overall the EU has about the same number of procedures
               | open against Germany as they do against Poland, both are
               | pretty high on the list Germany is #5 Poland is #4.
        
               | volta83 wrote:
               | While the German court ruled against the EU, the German
               | government immediately complied with EU law.
               | 
               | Those in the EU suing Germany for its court decision here
               | are actually German, and are only doing this to establish
               | legal precedent.
               | 
               | This makes it a completely different situation than
               | what's going on with Hungary and Poland.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | Except they don't; there's no similarities between those
               | cases other than the courts being involved. The German
               | case has nothing to do with the government openly
               | ignoring its own constitution.
        
           | desine wrote:
           | How terrible that local laws, written and enacted by the
           | voting population they preside over, take precedent over
           | international laws written and enacted by legislators several
           | times more distantly removed from the population.
           | 
           | Hopefully the UN gets enough funding to occupy the roles of
           | state and municipal police soon. Then we can free the common
           | man from the tyranny of local government.
        
             | raverbashing wrote:
             | You're free to write all local laws you want and the rest
             | of the world is free to not buy anything for you and give
             | you one cent for anything.
        
             | majgr wrote:
             | First, these local laws were against Polish Constitution,
             | because politicians cannot influence judiciary and now they
             | can and do, thus, breaking Rule of Law. Second, in Polish
             | Constitution international agreements take precedence over
             | local laws. By that EU Tribunal is actually defending
             | Polish Constitution.
        
             | jeroenhd wrote:
             | The whole point of international law is that countries
             | choose to commit to following the same laws. There's no
             | point signing any treaty if you're not planning on actually
             | applying its legislation.
             | 
             | If people they don't like the laws they've committed
             | themselves to, they can choose not to follow them anymore.
             | However, the advantages they receive in return, in this
             | case the freedoms and economic benefits of being in the EU,
             | will also disappear if they decide to play by their own
             | rules. With the massive benefits Poland has gotten from the
             | EU, I don't think it's in their interest to leave,
             | especially since it doesn't have the negotiating power the
             | UK had (and Brexit has been a series of catastrophes
             | nonetheless).
             | 
             | Nobody is forcing these people to follow foreign laws, it's
             | just that they want the benefits without doing anything in
             | return. The EU is not just a trade bloc, it's an
             | institution to create a shared European ideal. They may not
             | like the deal, but they're free to refuse it and negotiate
             | a better one.
        
             | rad_gruchalski wrote:
             | > How terrible that local laws, written and enacted by the
             | voting population they preside over
             | 
             | They're written by the politicians who were voted into
             | power and who have certain vested interests in voting them.
             | They were not voted by a population, sorry.
        
             | trasz wrote:
             | Erm, the root of the problem is that polish government is
             | breaking polish law, in particular the constitution. It's
             | not "polish constitution against EU", it's "polish
             | government against polish constitution and the EU".
        
               | blfr wrote:
               | > polish government is breaking polish law, in particular
               | the constitution
               | 
               | This is either not true or impossible to tell because
               | Polish constitution was really poorly written with very
               | many issues being delegated to lower acts. The
               | Constitutional Tribunal gets to freely decide what is or
               | isn't against the constitution and current Tribunal
               | judges are favourable to the gov.
               | 
               | It's as if the US constitution was stitched from multiple
               | Commerce Clauses. The SCOTUS could rewrite it on the fly
               | (they already do to some extent).
        
             | Dah00n wrote:
             | >Hopefully the UN gets enough funding to occupy the roles
             | of state and municipal police soon. Then we can free the
             | common man from the tyranny of local government.
             | 
             | Yeah, then you will all become yanks with government in
             | Washington you can't vote for (why are we suddenly talking
             | about the UN?)
        
         | ipatec wrote:
         | Between the power/control being taken over by someone elected
         | and supported by most of his country or being taken over by
         | some bigger organization like EU with very twisted interests...
         | well.. I thing the first is preferred.
        
         | labster wrote:
         | I'm sure he'll get a huge GDPR fine for using transferring that
         | much PII without consent. And not even one cookie warning! How
         | much is 4% of Hungary's GDP?
        
         | jsbdk wrote:
         | I'm not defending his actions as I have no horse in this race,
         | but he seems to have the support of his country - why should
         | the EU be above that?
        
           | meibo wrote:
           | Because they are an EU member, which comes with certain
           | obligations and values.
           | 
           | If you don't want that part of the deal, you shouldn't get
           | the money either.
        
           | jonathanstrange wrote:
           | Because any country that joins the EU agrees with the
           | European Union Treaties in a legally binding way, and among
           | other things these guarantee certain minimal democratic
           | standards and human rights in the European Convention on
           | Human Rights. The government of a country cannot just pick
           | those parts of signed and ratified treaties they happen to
           | like at one time or another and reap the benefits of
           | membership without also fulfilling corresponding requirements
           | and duties.
           | 
           | They would have to leave the EU first, which they are free to
           | do at any time. Of course, then they would also not get any
           | membership benefits.
        
           | ceilingcorner wrote:
           | This doesn't matter if the elected winner is on the wrong
           | team. See: the history of Egypt in the last 30 years.
        
           | tobltobs wrote:
           | The EU shouldn't be above that. But when Hungary doesn't like
           | the rules of the EU it should leave. Of course it never will,
           | as it is depending on the 3.000.000.000 Euro yearly support.
        
             | upgrejd wrote:
             | Why would they leave when they can have the cake and eat
             | it?
        
             | ipatec wrote:
             | Those 3b are such a simplistic narrative. How much money do
             | Western companies make in Hungary due to EU? The reality is
             | that EU is mostly a neo-colonial project where the East
             | Europe is depleted of resources (especially human capital)
             | and treated as nothing more than a marketplace for W
             | European products.
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | What a load of bullcrap to be polite. I hear this from
               | various eastern far right wing supporters quite a bit,
               | and it isn't based on any facts, just some wishful
               | thinking.
               | 
               | Hungary is a net receiver of direct money subsidies. The
               | fact is most of it is stolen by government-aligned forces
               | within economy, this is a well-oiled machine in place for
               | a long time. Western companies come to Hungary because
               | its cheap force, despite being generally lower quality
               | than west, many of which would be rather unemployed
               | otherwise and probably migrate west or live miserable
               | life on social support.
               | 
               | The simple problem is, and that's not just Hungary but
               | all countries in the east, there aren't enough big
               | domestic companies that would be successful and employ
               | people. Most failed long time ago, most really skilled
               | people went west since life is simply so much better
               | elsewhere. Why bother with corrupt semi-dictators, when
               | you can thrive in fair and just society not so far.
               | 
               | If you have kids/plan them, its a no brainer - all
               | parents want the best for their kids, and giving them
               | such a bad starting position in life in a fucked up
               | corrupt primitive environment like eastern Europe is
               | really just selfish acting at best. I know what I am
               | talking about, I am coming from one of those places. Its
               | not about how many good things are still there, but the
               | amount of bad, and not just some top politics. Society is
               | rotten on many, if not all levels. And there is no hope
               | for change, not for the better for sure.
               | 
               | Eastern Europe, like many other poor places in the world,
               | is depleted of human capital because its simply such a
               | crappy place to live. Its not a conspiracy, rather result
               | of people wanting better lives for themselves and their
               | children.
        
               | ipatec wrote:
               | >Western companies come to Hungary because its cheap
               | force, despite being generally lower quality than west
               | 
               | I doubt the average Hungarian is of "lower quality" than
               | the average Belgian (I live in Belgium and I lived in
               | Romania and UK as well) - when it comes to people doing
               | manufacturing jobs you refer to I'd say that E Europe has
               | a more solid and reliable human capital.
               | 
               | >in the east, there aren't enough big domestic companies
               | that would be successful and employ people
               | 
               | Before the collapse of communism E Europe was perfectly
               | capable to keep all their population in employment. Sure
               | those companies were not prepared to compete in an open
               | market and were decimated by their Western counter-parts.
               | Today E Europe cannot strong competitors (although that
               | is changing in sectors like IT) primarily due to the open
               | market (impossible to compete with somebody that has 10x
               | your capital; even when some promising E European actor
               | appears, gets acquired by some W European company before
               | it manages to pass a certain size)
               | 
               | But besides the point, check the unemployment rate in any
               | E European country and most fair way better than their
               | Wester coutner-parts.
               | 
               | > Eastern Europe, like many other poor places in the
               | world, is depleted of human capital because its simply
               | such a crappy place to live.
               | 
               | Quite a broad unsubstantiated statement. What is crappy?
               | The fact that most people are able to own a house while
               | in countries like Belgium is getting impossible to buy
               | anything for young people? The nature? The job
               | opportunities that are plenty due to continuous and fast
               | growth? I don't recall last time a new large corporation
               | entered Brussels in the past 10 years.
               | 
               | The main issue is that there is a salary gap. A middle
               | class salary in Hungary gives you a similar standard of
               | living and lifestyle as a middle class salary in Belgium.
               | But working in Belgium temporarily and planning a return
               | to let's say Hungary... gives you an even better
               | potential lifestyle. That is the issue. The gaps were too
               | big to have an open market and there's little focus on
               | closing the gaps.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tester34 wrote:
               | >Eastern Europe, like many other poor places in the
               | world, is depleted of human capital because its simply
               | such a crappy place to live.
               | 
               | What makes you think that it's crappy place to live (e.g
               | Poland)? except politics
        
               | jq-r wrote:
               | Because unless you're rich, you're not living, you're
               | surviving. And those are vastly different things.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | Apart from economy, healthcare, pensions, schooling, and
               | law enforcement? :-)
               | 
               | Food's good, though.
        
               | tester34 wrote:
               | I do agree that higher edu institutions tend to be mehh
               | unless you attend country's top, but law enforcement?
               | 
               | what do you mean? fighting corruption?
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | Poland's top universities - both of them - are at the
               | very end of international rankings. As for law
               | enforcement - it's just horribly ineffective. A trivial
               | open and shut software piracy case can last a decade.
        
               | tester34 wrote:
               | >Poland's top universities - both of them - are at the
               | very end of international rankings.
               | 
               | It's hard to compare universities, unless you have
               | attended both of them
               | 
               | Innovation output != Quality of teaching
               | 
               | Polish "computer-related" people are very often in top
               | when it comes to e.g security (src: https://ctftime.org/)
               | and top universities grads tends to have open doors to
               | faang
               | 
               | I've seen people from both of those groups speaking very
               | good about the schools they attended
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | Polish "computer-related people" can come out well even
               | without graduating. This doesn't say much about
               | universities.
               | 
               | Let me put this way: I know people who graduated in
               | Computer Science, in Poland, who can't program. Not in
               | some particular language; they can't write programs, they
               | just don't quite get the idea.
        
               | tobltobs wrote:
               | Hungary has a trade surplus with the EU.
        
               | ipatec wrote:
               | Of course. Check the largest exporters... yea... mainly
               | German companies. That surplus ain't staying in Hungary
        
               | tobltobs wrote:
               | what are you trying to say? Hungary has a trade surplus
               | against Germany.
        
               | ipatec wrote:
               | where are the profits going? if a German company opens a
               | factory in Hungary where it produces let's sau Automotive
               | parts of course Hungary develops a trade surplus. they
               | sell automotive parts to Germany. however the profits of
               | the German HU subsidiary will all go back to Germany.
               | that trade surplus means nothing.
        
               | majgr wrote:
               | It means that GDP per capita rises, isn't it good?
        
               | NicoJuicy wrote:
               | Hungary benefits much more of the EU. That's how it works
               | in the short term. In the long term it's hoping to level
               | up Hungary as a whole so we can have more trade with it.
               | 
               | ( Speaking as a citizen of Belgium)
        
           | gznyirfa wrote:
           | Actually, the laws of elections have been "fixed" by Orban as
           | a very first step - and media completely taken over to stream
           | 100% propaganda 24/7 as a second step - so the "support"
           | behind Orban is just like behind any other modern
           | dictatorship - that uses mass media manipulation and election
           | system upgrades instead of tortures and prisons.
        
           | pestaa wrote:
           | I'm not sure the premise is certain - in the last election
           | his party received slightly less than half of the votes,
           | however voting laws were altered in their own favor (managed
           | to get super majority with <50% votes).
           | 
           | My feeling is that even most of his voters don't like him,
           | they just hate change more.
        
       | poisonborz wrote:
       | If there is one single lasting international effect of Orban and
       | his party, it's how he demonstrated how EU is completely helpless
       | against rouge states (as well). The delicate political balance of
       | its parliamental politics make it impossible to react to any
       | complex, even if lethal threats. The EU funds and fuels a
       | Belorussian-style regime in its own heartland for a decade now,
       | and all they can do are angry notices and legal disputes that
       | take years without a noteworthy resolution. Due to how alliances
       | within the union work - Hungary has the full support of Poland
       | and the V4 - any major blowback would result in shattering
       | itself.
        
         | rini17 wrote:
         | "Hungary has the full support of Poland and the V4"
         | 
         | Oversimplified view. There was common interest of V4 against
         | accepting refugees, but Czech & Slovak rep. generally support
         | EU's side in judicial and media independence issues.
         | 
         | Elsewhere, German automakers have vast investments in the
         | eastern EU and they have been holding Merkel back against
         | Orban, together with conservative faction of CDU.
        
           | js8 wrote:
           | > Czech & Slovak rep. generally support EU's side in judicial
           | and media independence issues
           | 
           | In Czechia, I wish that was true, but our current prime
           | minister Andrej Babis is actually openly admiring Orban, and
           | playing up the same nationalistic politics (before the
           | upcoming elections in October). I am not sure he would
           | necessarily support media and judicial independence if it
           | came down to that.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | rini17 wrote:
             | Oh, same with recent Slovak governments, they say one thing
             | at home and another toward EU. But it is only populism as
             | usual that the EU could eventually work out. So far.
        
             | krzyk wrote:
             | And here in Poland we already have problems since few
             | years, people that oppose judicial and media independence
             | are in charge, elected mostly by elderly and eastern parts
             | of the country.
        
           | peteretep wrote:
           | > German automakers ... have been holding Merkel back against
           | Orban
           | 
           | Between this, Nord Stream 2, etc, Germany's commercial elite
           | are having more and more to answer for...
        
         | cabalamat wrote:
         | > Hungary has the full support of Poland and the V4 - any major
         | blowback would result in shattering itself.
         | 
         | Countries can only be kicked out of the EU with unanimity of
         | all states except the one being kicked out. But Poland and
         | Hungary have a pact to support each other, so that can't
         | happen. I suspect though that if Hungary and Poland pissed off
         | the EU in a big way, the other states would all leave and
         | simultaneously form a new EU2021.
        
         | mcosta wrote:
         | EU can't do anything because many other countries are doing the
         | same.
        
         | ceilingcorner wrote:
         | Orban exists because of EU overreach. If the Brussels set
         | weren't intent on turning the EU into a federal United States
         | of Europe, none of these "rogue states" (a completely absurd
         | label for Hungary, btw) would have any political interest in
         | Fidesz/PiS/etc.
        
           | jq-r wrote:
           | Wrong. EU is the boogeyman for the governments in Eastern
           | Europe. Whatever unpopular move they make, EU gets blamed for
           | it.
           | 
           | It is easy to blame some entity everyone knows exits, but at
           | the same time, that entity is more like a group which doesn't
           | fight back against it. Even if they fight back and criticize
           | the government here and there, the latter own the media and
           | that becomes a non-story.
           | 
           | Right wing governments always need a boogeyman to rally
           | against. Today it is EU, LGBT+ groups, Roma etc. Tomorrow it
           | might be you and me.
        
             | ceilingcorner wrote:
             | Sorry but this is a caricature. These countries were dying
             | to join the West 30 years ago. Orban himself was one of the
             | most prominent pro-West figures in the 90s.
             | 
             | The only reason these countries are now "hostile" is
             | because the EU and the West have changed.
        
               | dathos wrote:
               | I feel like you're missing a few key points that have
               | also changed. I think almost everything is different from
               | 30 years ago, not just the west and EU.
        
               | ceilingcorner wrote:
               | Of course but I don't think it's controversial to say
               | that the "problem" EU countries are quite happy with a
               | 1990s vision of Europe, while the West isn't.
        
               | jq-r wrote:
               | So what's your point then? Of course stuff changes in 20
               | or 30 years. Everyone wanted to join the EU. They've
               | joined, and for the last 20 years the elites are reaping
               | the benefits.
               | 
               | And that doesn't change the fact that there is a very
               | strong anti EU sentiment among the Eastern European
               | population. Did the EU screw them? They did not. Who did?
               | Those same politicians now blaming EU for 30 years of
               | their own corruption, suppression of freedoms, stalling
               | and maintaining status quo.
               | 
               | Here we had war which ended 26 fucking years ago. No war
               | can do as much damage as corruption and incompetence. And
               | somehow EU gets blamed for it. I understand that EU is no
               | saint, but what we have here is a disaster happening in
               | slow motion.
        
               | ceilingcorner wrote:
               | Because these countries joined an organization with X
               | agenda which now has Y agenda. This change (and
               | demonization of anyone against it) is what gives
               | politicians like Orban ammo.
               | 
               | If the EU were more decentralized, none of these
               | political parties would exist.
        
               | jq-r wrote:
               | My whole point is that "EU-talk" is just a convenient
               | scapegoat. It even doesn't matter if EU exists or not.
               | Those crooks like Orban don't need a solid boogeyman,
               | everything is good for them. Be it EU, "Communists",
               | Jews, Roma, gays, trans, immigrants, dwarfs, Serbs,
               | Croats, Albanians, hairy women or aliens, there is always
               | someone else to blame for their own problems.
               | 
               | This is what fuels these guys. The tanking economy of
               | their own doing which leaves citizens poorer and poorer.
               | So they take away the money with one hand, and point to
               | someone else with another.
               | 
               | EU has its own internal problems and huge overhead, and I
               | agree it doesn't help the situation, but blaming EU for
               | Orban's success is naive.
        
               | ceilingcorner wrote:
               | The only reason Orban is the way he is and Fidesz exists
               | is because of the overreach of the EU.
               | 
               | Study the history of Orban himself. He isn't just some
               | random right wing nut. He was a part of the first wave of
               | liberalization in the 90s and was very pro-West.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | Is it better to shatter itself, or to have this within it? Do
         | you want the EU to be smaller, or to be a bloc without ideals?
        
         | gghhzzgghhzz wrote:
         | I'd argue that it's in their interests. Right populist politics
         | and bland status quo centrism need the other to justify
         | themselves. Bland centrism needs the threat of the right to
         | keep the left in their box (see Biden, Macron, Chirac), then
         | through representing the interests of the status-quo and not
         | addressing any systemic change they create the conditions for
         | right populists.. and so it goes on.
        
         | TheFreim wrote:
         | > helpless against rouge states
         | 
         | Is Hungary a rogue state?
        
           | b0rsuk wrote:
           | From the perspective of EU, it is a rogue state. It acts in
           | concert with Putin and Kremlin to destabilize EU.
        
         | dreen wrote:
         | > Hungary has the full support of Poland and the V4
         | 
         | this is not going to last forever, its already diminished a lot
         | since 2015
        
         | bwb wrote:
         | It takes time, good systems move slow :)
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | > The EU funds and fuels a Belorussian-style regime
         | 
         | Afaik Orban's party has won the last rounds of elections pretty
         | conclusively, with no fraud allegations involved (unlike what
         | currently happens in the US, I'm talking about election fraud
         | allegations). What's with this "Belorussian-style regime"
         | nonsense?
        
           | mod50ack wrote:
           | Fidesz did win the last election. Part of this has to do with
           | a number of scandals from the previous Socialist government
           | (before 2010), part of this has to do with the hybrid
           | electoral system (half gerrymandered FPTF, half proportional
           | party-list) and part of this has to do with horrendous
           | organization of all non-Fidesz parties.
           | 
           | Now all the major opposition parties have united into a
           | single electoral slate for the next election. Primary
           | elections are being held for the first time to determine the
           | compositions of the electoral slate. One minor problem is
           | that the coalition would be very incongruous. But hey, still
           | gonna vote for them (personal opinion).
           | 
           | But while it is not a dictatorship, it is, as Orban himself
           | puts it, an "illiberal democracy". And the government's
           | attitudes and laws create a ton of problems. And that's not
           | even getting into the corruption and so on...
        
           | chpatrick wrote:
           | The last election they won fair and square was 2010. After
           | that, one of their first acts was to modify the previously
           | proportional electoral system to ensure that they get a
           | supermajority in parliament despite winning 40%. Since then,
           | they've had full control over the constitution and the law
           | despite 60% of the country not voting for them, and all
           | "debate" has been pointless.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_Hungary#The_votin.
           | ..
        
           | chx wrote:
           | > Afaik Orban's party has won the last rounds of elections
           | pretty conclusively, with no fraud allegations involved
           | (unlike what currently happens in the US, I'm talking about
           | election fraud allegations).
           | 
           | You are partially right: they won the elections conclusively.
           | However, their supermajority was due to fraud. I am not even
           | sure whether that can even be called "allegations" at this
           | point, it's more like "everyone knew on election night
           | already but what could you do".
           | 
           | I think the best description of the events in English can be
           | found at https://www.unhackdemocracy.eu/en/investigation
           | Summary:
           | 
           | > Unhack Democracy's year-long investigation into the April
           | 2018 Hungarian Parliamentary elections indicates Prime
           | Minister Viktor Orban secured his one-seat supermajority
           | thanks to a combination of outright fraud, gerrymandering and
           | by engineering the electoral system.
           | 
           | > Our findings reveal extensive polling station
           | irregularities including forged voter logs and intimidation
           | of ballot counters; a suspicious ticket splitting rate twice
           | as likely in areas where there we no opposition delegates;
           | electoral clientelism involving large-scale vote buying and
           | intimidation of voters, the unlawful transportation of voters
           | from Ukraine, Romania and Serbia; missing absentee ballots;
           | and a mysterious failure of national election software.
           | 
           | And the full version goes into "fake" parties and more.
        
           | poisonborz wrote:
           | Sure they did. I also think Lukashenko would have also won
           | most of his elections if they were democratic, losing maybe
           | only the last one marginally. Same with the Chinese communist
           | party. To no surprise - if your people sit on all levels of
           | the government, if you control the media and the public
           | discourse, if you persecute anyone having any chance against
           | you, you win. This doesn't mean other countries need to
           | support this. And voicing an opinion against these tactics
           | isn't "meddling in national affairs" as these governments
           | like to tout.
        
             | f6v wrote:
             | This sort of implies people can't think for themselves. By
             | this logic, the liberal countries are only liberal because
             | the media tells the people to be liberal. Maybe you're
             | right.
        
               | mlang23 wrote:
               | Yes, that sounds about right. "public opinion" is
               | constructed, covid showed that pretty nicely.
        
               | krzyk wrote:
               | Nope, because there are different media available, and
               | one can watch/listen/read those.
               | 
               | In Orban like states you loose that free access to all
               | media and you are forced into the state one.
               | 
               | For those that are not aware countries that were under
               | former Soviet boots all have a state television, which is
               | the default source of information for older people (they
               | are used to it), whichever party wins the elections sets
               | up this TV broadcast to their liking.
               | 
               | All other TV broadcasters need to have a special
               | privilege approved by the state - do you see what can
               | happen here?
        
               | f6v wrote:
               | > For those that are not aware countries that were under
               | former Soviet boots all have a state television
               | 
               | Most countries in the world have state-owned television.
               | 
               | > In Orban like states you loose that free access to all
               | media and you are forced into the state one.
               | 
               | So many people own smartphones and have internet access.
               | Even older ones, who learn to use them faster than PCs.
               | People can consume whatever media they want. And people
               | can certainly teach their parents how to consume non-
               | government news.
        
               | Amhaengosa wrote:
               | > Most countries in the world have state-owned
               | television. Yes, but not state-owned television almost
               | exclusively. The Orban government managed to buy out
               | pretty much every independent TV channel leaving
               | basically only RTLklub which is free-to-air and available
               | anywhere in the country.
               | 
               | > So many people own smartphones and have internet
               | access. Even older ones, who learn to use them faster
               | than PCs. People can consume whatever media they want.
               | And people can certainly teach their parents how to
               | consume non-government news.
               | 
               | Still not everyone has access to the internet, especially
               | in rural areas. For some people the only news source is
               | television and the radio, both which are predominantly
               | owned by the government.
        
               | f6v wrote:
               | Don't want to downplay the government's role in shaping
               | the public opinion. But quick check shows that the number
               | of internet users is well over 50%, which gives a good
               | shot at winning at election if one decides to defeat the
               | government.
        
               | porkbrain wrote:
               | I'd like to stress the "_may happen_" in the parent's
               | post. I'd argue that in Czech Republic the state TV (CT)
               | works well so far. One cannot filter out out biases from
               | journalism completely, but in general the quality of
               | production is a good indicator to me that they do have
               | processes in place which try to address some biases. In
               | my eyes on average CT wins compared to the private TV
               | stations in the country.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Television#Management
        
           | Turms wrote:
           | Sorry, but that is totally factually incorrect. I am a
           | Hungarian citizen and there are many well known and worrisome
           | circumstances about Fidesz's electoral victories:
           | 
           | - The election system has been changed in a way that
           | overcompensates the winner. Fidesz is supported by about 50%
           | of the voting population, yet it has a 2/3-s supermajority
           | which enables them to pass any law they wish without any
           | resistance.
           | 
           | - Fidesz has built up a MASSIVE database of the voting
           | population over the years, basically they can tell the voting
           | preferences for each home address. There is video evidence of
           | this, I am not talking out of my ass.
           | 
           | - Based on this database large scale gerrymandering took
           | place in the past years.
           | 
           | - The governing body overseeing the elections is run by long
           | standing Fidesz cadres. Many polling districts especially in
           | rural areas only had Fidesz-affiliated polling-clerks during
           | the last election.
           | 
           | - Thousands if not tens of thousands of Ukrainian citizens
           | (many of whom have Hungarian ancestry, but many do not) have
           | been registered in the Eastern part of the country with
           | voting rights. They are eligible for pensions multiple times
           | the amount they would receive from the Ukrainian government
           | because of an old agreement made bw the Soviet Union and
           | Hungary. In exchange they are voting for Fidesz. Again, this
           | may sound like bullshit, but it is a documented fact.
           | 
           | - Small cities are told that they won't get any EU funding
           | from the government if they elect a non-Fidesz mayor.
           | 
           | - There is a massive amount of very poor people dependent on
           | government distributed "public work" in the countryside. It's
           | basically modern day servitude. These people are also often
           | threatened that if they vote the "wrong way" they will not
           | get work.
           | 
           | - Most of the relevant news outlets (TV, Radio, Newspapers,
           | online media) are owned by Fidesz-frienly businesspeople and
           | they are in 24-7 propaganda mode. I am talking about 1950-s
           | style Stalinist propaganda, not some kind of "pro-government
           | bias". There have been by now basically one TV station and a
           | handful of small websites left that are not controlled by
           | Fidesz.
           | 
           | - And add to that that any opposition leader, any journalist
           | critical towards Fidesz or any businessman who is not part of
           | their circles can be monitored by these spy softwares and
           | then you will understand what the term "hybrid regime" stands
           | for.
           | 
           | Yes there are elections every four years, but they are just
           | for show.
        
           | antman wrote:
           | There are military and there are civilian dictatorships.
           | Taking control of the legal system, legally removing
           | oversight, silencing the media, bribing etc does constitute
           | fair elections. Your definition of fairness might need to
           | expand its scope.
        
           | eperfa wrote:
           | It is true that Fidesz, his party, has won 2/3rds of the
           | seats in the Parliament, though they only got 45.2% of the
           | total votes. This victory was in part due to them
           | significantly re-drawing the regions used during the
           | elections to their favour, changing rules for voting from
           | abroad (making it easier to vote from neighbouring regions
           | where most of the people are traditionally their supporters,
           | but more difficult from other parts of the world, where most
           | of the population would like to see a change). It was also
           | helped by using the state to fund and run their own campaign
           | with virtually unlimited amount of money (they were the
           | ruling party in the previous term as well), gradually taking
           | control of all media outlets (especially traditional print
           | and TV ones, further strengthening their base in more rural
           | areas), etc.
           | 
           | Since then they have taken even more control of the media,
           | diverted the majority of EU and state funds to loyal
           | businessmen (a regular gas-fitter became the wealthiest man
           | in the country in a few short years, believed to be the straw
           | man of Orban himself), filled all major positions with their
           | own people (including most recently the high court), created
           | laws directly against the civil society and LMBTQ+ people,
           | stopped most of the funding to towns that have elected
           | politicians from the opposition, taken control of all
           | universities and actively worked on getting rid of CEU (one
           | of the best, independent university, which was criticised due
           | to being funded by George Soros), signed secret business
           | deals for enormous amounts of money with Chinese and Russian
           | interests that will almost certainly never be beneficial for
           | Hungary, etc.
           | 
           | The comparison to Belarus is not correct in the sense that in
           | Hungary violence has not been used (fortunately), but apart
           | from that the governing party has done everything else they
           | can to keep their power and crush everyone else.
        
             | Nesze wrote:
             | > they only got 45.2% of the total votes
             | 
             | Think the figures are somewhat higher: Party/FPTP:
             | 49.27%/47.89% [0]
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Hungarian_parliament
             | ary_e...
        
               | ganafagol wrote:
               | That's more than what Trump got in 2016. Still nobody
               | compared the U.S. to Belarus.
        
               | eperfa wrote:
               | Sorry, you are right, I quoted the wrong number.
               | 
               | The point is the same though: due to the nature of the
               | Hungarian voting system, the winner can easily get more
               | mandates than what would follow from the raw results, and
               | this is why it is beneficial to manipulate the voting
               | areas.
        
               | wildmanx wrote:
               | So, just like the US then.
        
               | cguess wrote:
               | Sure, but no one was discussing the US. Not everything
               | has to be related to them.
        
             | native_samples wrote:
             | I think the problem is that a lot of these claims could
             | apply to many other countries as well, and don't obviously
             | implicate Orban in doing things that are clearly beyond the
             | pale. For example:
             | 
             | - The UK has got a bunch of boundary changes queued up that
             | have been pending for years, which will benefit the ruling
             | party. It sounds bad when put like that, however the
             | boundary changes themselves were recalculated using census
             | data (I think) in a neutral way, so although it helps the
             | ruling party that isn't what led to the changes.
             | 
             | - It's hard to understand for a non Hungarian exactly what
             | the voting rule changes might be about, but it sounds like
             | it may be related to postal voting (people in neighbouring
             | regions can go there physically). A lot of countries either
             | restrict or want to restrict postal voting because it's
             | drastically more susceptible to fraud, and there are
             | constant allegations that left wing parties in particular
             | like to abuse postal voting. Again the UK has exactly the
             | same problem and some conservative MPs want to tighten the
             | rules over who may vote postally due to a string of
             | scandals related to it.
             | 
             | - Using the state to fund their own political campaigns.
             | Again, any consistent standard that said this is evil would
             | need to have considered the UK a rogue state in 2016,
             | because the government at the time used vast sums of
             | government money to fund the campaign to remain in the EU.
             | For example the government sent a mailshot to everyone in
             | the entire country, which alone cost more than the
             | theoretical spending limit for the entire campaign.
             | Government resources were routinely deployed in other ways
             | to try and win the vote. Yet unsurprisingly, nobody in the
             | EU complained at the time.
             | 
             | - "Gradually taking control of all media outlets" sounds
             | like a reference to supporters of Orban coming into
             | editorial positions rather than the government literally
             | passing a law that gives Fidesz direct control over the
             | press. Is that not so? In which case, under what standard
             | can that be described as illegitimate? European media is
             | totally dominated by supporters of the EU Commission and
             | centre-left parties to the extent that in some parts of
             | Europe, Eurosceptic conservative media hardly exists at
             | all. Clearly the same thing has happened with different
             | political movements in other parts of the world.
             | 
             | - Filling major positions with their own people and other
             | such things, that's exactly what governments are meant to
             | do. It's a necessary step in order to govern, in fact. No
             | government can run a country if all major positions are
             | controlled by people who oppose the government. Again, the
             | UK is an interesting counter-point: it has major
             | constitutional problems due to the _lack_ of the government
             | doing this, with the result that various organizations that
             | are technically parts of the government are run by people
             | who see themselves as some kind of quasi-official
             | opposition, and who constantly try to undermine the actual
             | elected government instead of doing their job.
        
               | eperfa wrote:
               | What is being done by Fidesz is definitely not what "most
               | other developed countries" do. I won't be able to discuss
               | all topics, but I'll give you a few examples of the media
               | situation.
               | 
               | There were several businessmen who became extremely
               | wealthy within a very short period, either by working
               | directly for the government (usually with all the typical
               | signs of corruption), or by getting financed directly or
               | indirectly by the government in the form of huge free
               | loans, grants, etc. These businessmen then started buying
               | different media outlets, some of which were 'usual'
               | business transactions, while others were very nasty
               | stories in themselves (the ownership change of the news
               | site Index.hu was probably the biggest scandal). At some
               | point all of these supposedly independent businessmen
               | decided to give away ALL of the media companies they
               | owned for free to a new non-profit entity. This
               | transaction was given a special exemption by the
               | government from all the usual checks and requirements
               | (like antitrust), even though hundreds of media outlets
               | were concentrated in a single entity, which now governs
               | the majority of print newspapers and radio stations.
               | Since this has happened, all of them transfer exactly the
               | same messages - for example look at the following picture
               | to see the front page of the 19 or so county news sites
               | the day before the last election, where the headline says
               | "Both votes for Fidesz!". These used to have independent
               | editorial boards and focused on local news previously.
               | 
               | https://assets.4cdn.hu/kraken/78sQpRcFFKsevwZIs.jpeg
               | 
               | The state-owned national media holding MTVA (like the BBC
               | in the UK), which of course is supposed to give an
               | unbiased view of the world, also transfers exactly the
               | same messages - there were several scandals where it
               | became public that even senior editors had to send their
               | content for review to Fidesz's people for review, and
               | they got detailed instructions on what and how to say.
               | 
               | Viktor Orban, the prime minister for 10 years, refuses to
               | answer questions or give interviews to any media that is
               | considered to be 'the opposition', even the sites with
               | the highest number of daily readers. At the same time
               | members of the opposition parties are given close-to-0
               | airtime on the state-owned national channels, and even
               | when they are shown, it is in a negative context.
               | 
               | The national media regulatory body does not check any of
               | the previous issues, but they have been very active for
               | example in revoking the license of one of the last non-
               | Fidesz-friendly radio stations (Klubradio) recently,
               | which also became a scandal.
               | 
               | The work of journalist is made more and more difficult
               | because the state refuses to give information to them or
               | even answer basic questions - for example during the
               | corona virus epidemic, Hungary had by far the least
               | informative site on the topic, yet it was filled with
               | propaganda news. For example to create a chart of the
               | daily cases, journalists had to manually check the site
               | every day and save the currently shown numbers. In order
               | to get a breakdown per county about the cases, they had
               | to submit an official inquiry, where first they said that
               | such data is not available (!), then used all 45+45=90
               | days to give an answer. Of course the answer only
               | contained the data for the time period when the questions
               | was sent, so it was basically impossible to get up-to-
               | date information.
               | 
               | Viktor Orban still frequently uses the same defence that
               | "they are working in an unfriendly media environment and
               | only try to restore balance", but that is simply not
               | true.
        
           | praptak wrote:
           | "Afaik Orban's party has won the last rounds of elections
           | pretty conclusively"
           | 
           | AFAIK Lukashenko also has some no-fraud elections under his
           | belt. You don't need an election fraud to go from a democracy
           | to a dictatorship.
        
           | majgr wrote:
           | If you only watch regime media, it is impossible to vote
           | differently, only successes, no problems, no shady affairs,
           | no nepotism. Opposition, on the other hand, is portrayed as
           | the root of all evil.
        
           | alkonaut wrote:
           | Democracy isn't merely "majority rule". It's also the concept
           | of everyone's equal value regardless of ethnicity, sexuality,
           | freedom of expression and so on. Merely getting 51% of votes
           | by disregarding those values is neither acceptable nor
           | democratic. And the EU can't stand for it just like it could
           | t stand for a regime that takes power through violence.
           | 
           | "Belorussian style regime" I assume is in reference to
           | freedom of press/expression/artists/minorities etc in the
           | country.
        
             | gattilorenz wrote:
             | > Democracy isn't merely "majority rule". It's also the
             | concept of everyone's equal value regardless of ethnicity,
             | sexuality, freedom of expression and so on.
             | 
             | As much as I would like this to be true, I don't think it
             | is. In practice - and to a certain extent also in theory,
             | if you at least add add some nuance - in every democratic
             | country the majority has power to decide who's granted full
             | rights and value, and who isn't (think of voting rights for
             | inmates or immigrants, right to be elected, right to obtain
             | a job etc.). Even when the constitution sets those rights
             | "in stone", a vast majority has the legal right to change
             | the constitution.
             | 
             | Update: part of the nuance is that democracies won't
             | technically change the _value_ of a person, to use your
             | term. But by removing their rights, the effects are hardly
             | different.
        
               | ant6n wrote:
               | Modern democracies (i.e. the ones set up including the
               | learnings from the Weimar Republic) should include
               | minority protections and defenses of democratic
               | institutions that can not be overridden by simple
               | majorities.
        
           | tiborsaas wrote:
           | While I wouldn't call if a fraud, but they skewed with the
           | election system to bend it towards in their favour. They for
           | example introduced monetary support for small parties in a
           | way that made it really easy to commit fraud, which
           | surprisingly did happen at a large scale. It also resulted in
           | people voting for those fake parties and not on the
           | opposition with real power. They won 2/3 power like this.
           | 
           | "Belorussian-style regime", to name a few:
           | 
           | - control of state media packed with non-stop propaganda
           | 
           | - openly friendly towards dictators / other regimes
           | 
           | - suppressive, openly anti-liberal laws
        
             | ReptileMan wrote:
             | Since liberal means nothing lately, anti liberal is the
             | same. I have seen quite authoritarian tendencies about
             | stripping people from basic rights after corona epidemic
             | began from self proclaimed liberals.
        
               | tiborsaas wrote:
               | Sure, liberal is an umbrella term. Instead, imagine a
               | country where we let people live their life however they
               | want, do whatever they want to their bodies and think for
               | themselves.
               | 
               | This is not Hungary and we are heading towards the
               | opposite direction.
        
               | emteycz wrote:
               | Which country in EU is like that? I don't know of any.
               | And there are much worse counter-examples than Hungary.
        
               | ReptileMan wrote:
               | And after corona lockdowns, talking about stripping all
               | kinds of rights from the unvaccinated which country in
               | the world right now is moving in the right direction?
               | 
               | Hungary is not worse than the rest.
        
             | wildmanx wrote:
             | US style, to name a few:
             | 
             | > - openly friendly towards dictators / other regimes
             | 
             | Trump cuddling with Kim-Jong Un and being a good buddy of
             | Putins.
             | 
             | > - suppressive, openly anti-liberal laws
             | 
             | US Republicans are working on overturning Roe v. Wade,
             | opening the door to more anti-liberal laws. Heck, in some
             | states, women have to drive hundreds of miles to the next
             | abortion clinic and risk getting intimidated by big guys
             | with guns on their way in. Cause freedom.
             | 
             | > - control of state media packed with non-stop propaganda
             | 
             | I give you that, the non-stop propaganda in the US is
             | privatized, e.g. Fox News, Washington Post, OANN, MSNBC,
             | etc. Still propaganda.
        
           | dessant wrote:
           | People voting themselves right to the edge of a totalitarian
           | regime does not make that criticism any less legitimate.
        
             | jsbdk wrote:
             | For many people, any political change that is not a move
             | towards an even more liberal view of the world is
             | automatically authoritarianism.
        
               | cannabis_sam wrote:
               | Far more people have an apoplectic fit at anything that
               | can even vaguely be described as "liberal"..
        
               | bbv-if wrote:
               | Even when the word is being used in its european sense,
               | meaning more or less the same as 'libertarian' in the US.
        
               | cannabis_sam wrote:
               | It can be for sure, but at least in Northern Europe, it
               | can also suggest a more social liberal ideology (e.g.
               | look at Sweden's recent debacle)
               | 
               | To be honest, my comment was mostly a jab at the GP for
               | their touch anxiety when using the word "liberal",
               | although it's less obvious now, when their followup
               | comment is dead.
        
               | dessant wrote:
               | I think what's important is respecting human rights, not
               | ideological affiliation, and in that sense Hungary has
               | noticeably regressed in the past decade.
        
               | Dma54rhs wrote:
               | Human rights are a human construct and constantly change
               | over time.
        
               | huetius wrote:
               | If you deny any form of transcendence, which is the case
               | in the positivist, technocratic culture of the West, then
               | this is the inevitable conclusion.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | It's either this, or basing ones moral code on old wives
               | tales.
        
               | jsbdk wrote:
               | "human rights" is a liberal construct.
        
               | dessant wrote:
               | I guess you will change your views about human rights
               | when you and your family will be the ones being
               | specifically targeted by your own government.
        
               | hyper_dynamics wrote:
               | No it's not.
        
         | sharikone wrote:
         | It has actually elicited a response. Through many mechanisms
         | now big countries in Europe have gained much more power than
         | before, when the model was very egalitarian.
         | 
         | And you can look at it in a very different light if you see it
         | as Hungary becoming a small vassal state of Germany (an
         | autocracy helps it to stay that way, and German manufacturers
         | want the situation to remain like this) rather than a "rogue
         | fascist" state. Just follow the money.
         | 
         | If you look at things this way you expect to see a war of
         | sphere of influence of big countries in the near future. I
         | think the Balkans will be the next soft battlefield between
         | German and Italian influence.
        
           | pmontra wrote:
           | As Italian I've got very few doubts about the outcome of a
           | struggle between German and Italian influence. Maybe Italy vs
           | France as it happened in Libya but not against Germany. As
           | you wrote, "follow the money" and Germany has much more of
           | that and can buy out Italy together with France at any time.
        
           | jq-r wrote:
           | If you put it that way, the "war" has already been won by
           | Germany/Austria here in Croatia. There is next to no Italian
           | influence (only in one small region). Everything else is
           | German/Austrian owned. Banks, Telecoms, big business,
           | construction etc. Most of the houses on the coast and islands
           | are theirs as well.
           | 
           | EU needs our country just to be minimally stable. Stable
           | enough so millions of foreigners can come to their villas
           | each summer, and as poor as possible so their money is worth
           | more here. Whatever happens outside summer, that's not their
           | problem. That includes tolerating far right politics,
           | Christian fundamentalists and other lobbying groups, super
           | corrupt politicians (better to say whole governments), huge
           | government incurred debt, no freedom of the press or speech,
           | and pretty much non-existing economy.
           | 
           | I'm sorry to say, but I'm sure that trouble is coming to this
           | part of EU, maybe not in couple of years, but eventually
           | surely will. The seeds of radicalization, corruption and all
           | that nasty "us vs them" mentality were planted 20 years ago
           | already. Only now they are starting to bear fruits.
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | As someone living in Austria, I noticed this as well. Rich
             | Austrians own all big businesses and all desirable
             | properties in Croatia.
             | 
             | I wonder what will happen to Croatia, politically, in the
             | future, when the young there find themselves priced out of
             | their own country by richer foreigners.
             | 
             | Seems like uncontrolled capitalism has enabled a form of
             | economic colonialism, as proven further by the money
             | printer let loose during Coving, making the rich richer and
             | the poor poorer, to which the response is always "that's
             | just how the _free_ market works ".
        
               | jq-r wrote:
               | I'm glad that I'm not the only one seeing this effect.
               | And economic colonialism is a succinct way of putting it
               | as you said.
               | 
               | I mostly blame the government for it. If we had a better
               | economy we could compete and the prices for us locals
               | wouldn't be prohibitively expensive. But no, our
               | government (and most of opposition) is a corrupt criminal
               | organization so there is no way out of it. We're just
               | getting poorer and poorer relatively speaking
               | unfortunately.
        
         | inglor_cz wrote:
         | EU is primarily an economic bloc and economic interests will
         | carry the day any time, or at least 99 per cent of the time.
         | 
         | Orban has integrated Hungarian industry deep into German supply
         | chains and milks this fact as much as he can.
        
           | dalbasal wrote:
           | Agree with "primarily an economic bloc." On that note though,
           | I don't think German-Hungarian industrial integration is all
           | that weighty. Hungary's economy isn't big enough to make it
           | compelling.
           | 
           | The EU just doesn't have a political culture where Hungarian
           | press freedom is "our problem." It's more of a "very
           | unfortunate, next" kind of issue. No more of an EU concern
           | than Uzbek press freedom.
           | 
           | This doesn't compute. I agree. The EU clearly _is_ a very
           | political union. But that 's how it is. Press freedoms, human
           | rights or minority freedoms _outside_ of the EU are more
           | likely to become politically hot than inside it.
           | 
           | Maybe this will change over time, but the EU has a weird
           | trajectory. I have no idea where it's going. For the most
           | part, "culture war" issues don't seem to have a grasp on
           | it... as they do on most polities.
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | There were thin provisions against member states getting out of
         | hand, but they became useless the second Poland conspired with
         | Hungary.
         | 
         | I'm not sure if I would've liked en EU with stricter punitive
         | measures over its member states before all this, but it's clear
         | that the measures to prevent situations like these have all
         | failed.
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | I'm not sure if conspired is the right word. Poland just has
           | very strong sympathy for Hungary as a country and its people.
           | 
           | Poland has nothing to do with Orban and wants nothing to do
           | with Orban. Unfortunately we have our own populists that like
           | Orban wants to remodel our country to be easier for them to
           | rule as they please. And results are similar as with Orban in
           | Hungary and threats to that from EU are the same so
           | cooperation against EU safeguards is kind of natural and
           | spontaneous.
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | "Polak, Wegier, dwa bratanki, i do szabli, i do szklanki."
             | 
             | (Pole and Hungarian -- two brothers, good for saber and for
             | glass.)
             | 
             | Some countries in the EU have better relations than others.
             | Czechs and Slovaks, the three Baltic nations, and Poland
             | and Hungary. Things must get really bad before they will
             | stop having each other's back on the international scene.
             | 
             | This is a historical and diplomatic fact that must be taken
             | into account when conflicts arise.
        
               | b0rsuk wrote:
               | Poland has common geopolitical interests with nordic
               | countries like Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark.
               | Hungarian strategy of playing both sides can work because
               | Hungary is not between the hammer and the anvil. And the
               | languages are radically different. "Gulasz" and "Dobosz"
               | are not enough. If you ask 100 Poles on the street, you
               | won't find 1 that can count to ten in Hungarian. Finnish
               | is an equally hard language and there are common values
               | and sentiments between Poland and Finland, for example
               | wars against Russia. Simo Hayha is pretty well known.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | I don't want to make too much of this, but it is possible
               | that you are a part of or have rather eclectic social
               | circle. My personal advice would not be to extrapolate to
               | the entire society.
               | 
               | That said, I would welcome a citation supporting this
               | assertion. My personal experience is very different and I
               | do not want to swap anecdata.
        
               | b0rsuk wrote:
               | I'm not sure which parts do you find questionable.
               | 
               | The common geopolitical interests - true as long as you
               | believe Poland is more comfortable with the West rather
               | than in "Eurasian Union". Nordic countries are way more
               | liberal, but they are wary of Russia. Historically Russia
               | was often in conflict with Poland. Scandinavian Peninsula
               | can be a great obstacle to Russia if it wants to expand
               | west. It threatens sea routes and airspace and it's only
               | going to become more important as global warming makes
               | the north more navigable (without icebreakers).
               | 
               | Hammer and anvil - alternate names for the location of
               | Poland (and Ukraine) include Bloodlands(Timothy Snyder),
               | crumple zone(Jacek Bartosiak). Russia and Germany are
               | powerful states and many transport routes lead through
               | Poland. The Carpathian mountains in the South and Baltic
               | Sea in the north form a sort of a bottleneck. Timothy
               | Snyder is of the opinion that central-east Europe had the
               | great misfortune of lying right between two totalitarisms
               | - fascism and communism.
               | 
               | This is a bit of contrast with Hungary, which is now
               | completely inland and land transport is about 10x more
               | expensive so it's not as good for trade.
               | 
               | Or do you mean the Finland? I can expand but you can find
               | common points between Poland and Finland.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | I was referring to Poland, but I am now even more
               | intrigued as I never explored Hungary's history as much.
               | Thank you for sharing the books -- I added them to my
               | reading list.
               | 
               | Can you expand on the Poland and Finland?
        
         | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
         | Don't underestimate the EU. It's a slow beast but it can bear a
         | grudge. The language used to address Hungary is slowly becoming
         | more and more aggressive. A head of state from a small EU
         | country explicitly called for Hungary to leave.
         | 
         | You also have to remember that the EU is an union of sovereign
         | countries. Plenty can be done by EU members where the EU is
         | powerless. History shows that messing with France and Germany
         | can be costly.
        
           | hypocry12 wrote:
           | History also shows that when Germany messes about with east
           | europe it can get messy rather quickly. And sadly hungary is
           | in bed with russia. The eu should just cut funding for
           | hungary and let everything else play out from there. Anything
           | more that that is pure suicide for an already declining eu.
        
             | dmix wrote:
             | History as in 80+ years ago?
        
               | hypocry12 wrote:
               | AFAIK last time it was when the eu and germany pushed for
               | ukraine regime change. ended up with ukraine getting
               | invaded and loosing territory. so germany better stay out
               | of east europe and so should the eu. the only way to win
               | is by economics. thats how the us eventually won the cold
               | war. also germany is not particularly popular,
               | considering its bullying tactics and it being one of
               | europes largest polluters, eu corruption it supports and
               | so on. all i want is to make sure the most effective
               | tools are used against hungary, as that country is a
               | symptom of a much deeper problem. germany should let
               | established powers deal with hungary and get into it
               | before it messes things up again.
        
         | dalbasal wrote:
         | The EU is still, at core, an economic/trade union, not a
         | geopolitical actor. That's both cultural and structural.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, european people's appetite for "international"
         | politics is been mostly satisfied with world politics...
         | especially US politics, which was good and saucy for the last
         | few years. The most animating issues of recent years have been:
         | Trump, BLM related US politics, Israel-Palestine conflicts &
         | climate change. Most of what happens in EU parliament attracts
         | very little interest in the greater citizenship-journalism-
         | politics sphere. National politics is, by far, still the main
         | political sphere.
         | 
         | European politics rarely becomes primary news/politics
         | "stories." That applies to both Hungary, within the Union and
         | Belarus, an immediate neighbor. It also applies to Ukraine and
         | the Russia-Ukraine conflict, which was largely _about_ EU
         | affiliation.
         | 
         | Notable exceptions are Brexit, peek refugee migration and the
         | Greek/Euro crisis... 12 years ago. The ironic exception to "EU
         | politics doesn't exist" is the nationalist, eu-skeptical camp
         | which _has_ been developing an EU-wide audience.
         | 
         | In any case, IDK if "helpless" is the right word. It's more
         | like "uninterested." Hungarian freedom of the press and such
         | just aren't on anyone's agenda. The fact that they're EU
         | doesn't really mean much.
        
         | underscore_ku wrote:
         | EU is as helpless as USA. what would US of A do with a rogue
         | Texas? nothing
        
           | mod50ack wrote:
           | Little-known fact, this actually occurred before:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
        
           | bogomipz wrote:
           | You might want to look up the American Civil War. It lasted
           | from 1861 to 1865 and some 600K people died. That's what
           | happened the last time any states threatened to secede from
           | the Union in the US of A. It's also a pretty well-known bit
           | of history.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | That was about secession, though, not misbehavior. In fact,
             | arguably it proves the point; after the US civil war there
             | was a period of 'reconstruction', which largely failed, and
             | then the southern states carried on doing pretty much
             | whatever they felt like for the next century.
             | 
             | EDIT: As mentioned below, desire to misbehave was certainly
             | at the root of the secession, but in practice even after
             | the war was won the federal government wasn't able to
             | impose its will particularly effectively.
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | No it was not. The Civil War was about states wanting to
               | abolish federal laws they didn't support such as those
               | that impinged upon the right to keep slaves and take them
               | wherever they wanted to(see Western Expansion.) How could
               | that be considered anything but "misbehavior"? Secession
               | was simply the byproduct of this.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | Oh, sure, but afterwards, the federal government wasn't
               | able to impose its will particularly effectively. It's
               | really hard to see reconstruction as anything but a
               | failure.
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | I don't disagree however my posts were in context to the
               | OP's assertion of "what would US of A do with a rogue
               | Texas? nothing." And clearly the US did something. Also
               | as disappointing as Reconstruction was it was in fact
               | responsible for creation of the 13th, 14th and 15th
               | amendments to the U.S. Constitution aka the "the
               | Reconstruction Amendments."[1] The important of which can
               | not be overstated. Surely those should be factored in to
               | any judgement of "failure", no?
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Amendments
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | Again, though, the 15th in particular just wasn't
               | enforced for about a century in the states concerned. The
               | civil war probably provided impetus to pass these very
               | important amendments, and that, as you say, shouldn't be
               | understated, but they weren't particularly effective in a
               | reasonable timescale. Going back to the original point,
               | more or less the entire south were rogue states to a much
               | greater degree than Hungary, for a very long time.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | The war started well after states started seceding and even
             | then only in response to a military attack by the south. So
             | it's not quite the example you portray it to be.
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | The secession convention meeting in Charleston, South
               | Carolina occurs on December 20, 1860. Confederate troops
               | fired on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861. Let's see that's
               | 3.5 months later. And for 3 of those 3.5 months the US
               | has a lame-duck President in James Buchanan whose cabinet
               | was also famously split oh the issue. Lincoln isn't
               | inaugurated until March 4, 1861. Further, the attack on
               | Fort Sumter is just the "official" start of the war. It's
               | not like nothing was being done by the Union in the
               | interim. Far from it. As early as January 5th of 1861
               | hundreds of troops and provisions were sent to fortify
               | the Sumter garrison. Lastly on April 4th Lincoln tells
               | his southern delegates that he intends to attempt to
               | resupply Fort Sumter. This is understood by the Southern
               | states to be a declaration of war. So yes I think this is
               | exactly the example I portray it to be.
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | I mean the US had a civil war over the "rules", so it's kind
           | of clear what it would do.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nix23 wrote:
           | The EU is not a state...thank god for that, and that it never
           | happens.
        
             | johnnycerberus wrote:
             | But it can be a federation of states. Hopefully, that will
             | happen.
        
               | bluthund wrote:
               | Hopefully that never happens. Hopefully more Hungary's
               | emerge. Hopefully more Western countries start actually
               | serving their people
               | 
               | Hopefully nationalism crushes this perverse anti Western
               | virus which has taken over the once greatest nations in
               | the world
        
               | johnnycerberus wrote:
               | I'm certain that every Romanian sees Vitkor Orban as a
               | wolf in sheep's clothing. The protector of interests for
               | V4 group through unethical means and corrupted
               | politicians. Hopefully, sanctions will follow soon.
               | Masking local interests of a few corrupted individuals
               | with nationalism is borderline criminal.
        
               | nix23 wrote:
               | >Hopefully nationalism crushes this perverse anti Western
               | virus
               | 
               | Being totally against the EU, i think full on nationalism
               | is wrong too. We life on one big spaceship and with that,
               | we should have one organizing (not governing entity) like
               | the UN was once meant to be.
        
               | johnnycerberus wrote:
               | EU is built on the European thought at least, it is the
               | child of Christianity, strongly influenced by Greco-Roman
               | world sprinkled with some Germanic austerity. No wonder
               | why countries with Muslim minorities cannot join the
               | Union. UN would never work because what binds Europe
               | together is exactly this shared Christian past starting
               | from the division of Catholic and Orthodox Church and
               | ending with Protestant thought. Even if our European
               | elite act as religion does not play a role anymore that
               | is simply not true. Christianity is the most enduring and
               | influential legacy of the ancient world, and its
               | emergence the single most transformative development in
               | Western history. Even the increasing number in the West
               | today who have abandoned the faith of their forebears,
               | and dismiss all religion as pointless superstition,
               | remain recognisably its heirs. From Western France to
               | Eastern Romania, the legacy can be felt in everything,
               | from language to cuisine, from architecture to music.
               | Imagine that those countries are on opposite sides of the
               | EU but they both speak a Romance language.
        
               | nix23 wrote:
               | >No wonder why countries with Muslim minorities cannot
               | join the Union.
               | 
               | Germany has a Muslim minority. And Cyprus has 25%. I
               | don't think Religion is a point here at all, culture
               | definitely is.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | You do realize that Islam is essentially a Christianity's
               | sequel, right?
               | 
               | Also, your mistaking Christianity - which is doing just
               | fine in the western world, probably better than ever -
               | with its degenerate form of fundamentalist groups, based
               | mostly on hate, eg homophobia. This is most visible in
               | Poland - which is very Catholic, and definitely not
               | Christian.
        
               | egeozcan wrote:
               | In this day and age, don't people like you read/watch
               | some world history? What you are saying seems so narrow-
               | minded (ignoring the racist undertone), it makes me
               | confused.
        
               | bluthund wrote:
               | It's precisely a studying and understanding of history
               | which makes me so.
               | 
               | Perhaps people like you would do better to engage in
               | conversation where you might learn something you don't
               | know rather than throw out your classic epithets
        
               | egeozcan wrote:
               | So, to be clear, you studied and "understood" history and
               | came to the conclusion that nationalism is a good thing.
               | How? It's clear that I don't agree with you. I think you
               | must be too isolated from some nice people to be so
               | furious about other people.
        
               | bluthund wrote:
               | We can circle back to the psycho analysis later if you so
               | desire, but I'll be sticking to the topic at hand for the
               | time being.
               | 
               | You seem to have made a connection between nationalism
               | and being furious about other people. I respectfully
               | disagree that there is a necessary relationship there.
               | 
               | I have no ill will against other people. I would like
               | people who share my culture to govern me, and I would not
               | like people of my culture governing people of a different
               | culture. They can govern themselves and we can govern
               | ourselves. We can share ideas, trade, sport, etc., But
               | multiculturalism within borders is an inevitable failure
               | and globalism is an inevitable failure
        
               | egeozcan wrote:
               | > I would like people who share my culture to govern me,
               | and I would not like people of my culture governing
               | people of a different culture.
               | 
               | When did this ever happen in history? People diverge all
               | the time, that's how we have so many cultures.
        
               | nix23 wrote:
               | >People diverge all the time, that's how we have so many
               | cultures.
               | 
               | Lightly categorized in so called country's?
        
               | johnnycerberus wrote:
               | Globalism is inevitable, you cannot stop it. You should
               | rather get used to it. The fact that you get anxious by
               | ideas penetrating your culture means that globalisation
               | works. It is like my Romanian grandfather telling me how
               | bankers should have been punished in 2008. Which would
               | have never and it will never happen because that's how
               | the world works. The alternatives are far too costly and
               | our global capitalism does not allow it. Get used to it,
               | neighbor.
        
               | nix23 wrote:
               | >Globalism is inevitable, you cannot stop it.
               | 
               | If corona told us anything, then this is probably not
               | true anymore.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | Only death is inevitable and even that is not that
               | certain.
               | 
               | I am saying this as a person, who likes the science
               | fiction level of species level organization ( vs
               | geographical nation-state ), where we pay with universal
               | credits and basically have few of the issues inherited
               | from the olden days of 2021.
               | 
               | But I dream.
        
               | nix23 wrote:
               | Yeah just hope your not a belter ;)
        
               | jpetso wrote:
               | I find that despite my national background, there are
               | tons of people in my country whose ideas and principles I
               | don't share, and lots of people from other
               | countries/cultures that I would team up with anytime.
               | 
               | Drawing a line primarily along cultural lines means
               | ignoring or downplaying all of the other lines that other
               | people might find similarly important or more so.
               | 
               | Why would I bias my decisions about people over other
               | people just because they grew up within a few hundred
               | kilometres of me? Why would I prefer helping a bunch of
               | deadbeats from my own country over a bunch of promising
               | bright people from halfway across the world? Because
               | they'll stand up for me in return?
               | 
               | Because it's always one team against another? Fuck teams.
               | There are my immediate friends, and outside of that I'll
               | fight only for principles, not arbitrary teams.
               | Everyone's a different person in their own right.
               | Everyone deserves to be treated as who they are, not
               | where they're from. (Cue Backstreet Boys.)
        
               | jpetso wrote:
               | Having written this, I think it's worth pointing out the
               | main flaw that I see in nationalism: it's that it uses
               | culture and nations as a proxy for principles, as opposed
               | to digging for the actual principles underneath.
               | 
               | As an example, I stand for freedom of speech, in the form
               | of a diverse, largely independent set of publishers and
               | authors that allows me to make up my own mind by exposing
               | me to different viewpoints. Many Western countries have a
               | better track record at this than authoritarian countries.
               | But this doesn't mean that I'm on Team "The West" - if my
               | country drops this value, I'd rather drop my country than
               | my values.
               | 
               | If my country thinks that skin color or wardrobe of a
               | person is more important than what that person is saying,
               | I'd rather drop my country than team up against that
               | person.
               | 
               | If my country decides that Islamic Law or autocratic
               | dictatorship is a better form of government than
               | democracy, I'd rather drop my country than abandon my
               | principles.
               | 
               | It's great to be in a shared space where you agree with
               | everyone. The question is, when you eventually disagree
               | (because you don't get to choose what your neighbors
               | think, and because nationalism is just a proxy for actual
               | values), then are you going to follow your principles, or
               | do you let your nation and culture dictate what your
               | principles should be?
        
               | remarkEon wrote:
               | >the main flaw that I see in nationalism: it's that it
               | uses culture and nations as a proxy for principles, as
               | opposed to digging for the actual principles underneath.
               | 
               | I think the problem that you are going to run in to is
               | that culture and nations as a proxy for principles works
               | pretty well since those things are highly correlated.
               | Unless you have a strong civic identity that aggressively
               | assimilates and ensures respect of those civic norms, you
               | have an inevitable clash that just becomes a question of
               | scale.
               | 
               | >If my country decides that Islamic Law or autocratic
               | dictatorship is a better form of government than
               | democracy, I'd rather drop my country than abandon my
               | principles.
               | 
               | In your hypothetical, how exactly would this situation
               | come about? You should be able to venture a guess.
        
               | jpetso wrote:
               | > Unless you have a strong civic identity that
               | aggressively assimilates and ensures respect of those
               | civic norms, you have an inevitable clash that just
               | becomes a question of scale.
               | 
               | I'd like to suggest multicultural cities such as Toronto
               | as an example that preserving cultural backgrounds and
               | integrating with the rest of society aren't necessarily
               | mutually exclusive. You have a broad mix of people from
               | (among others) European, East Asian, South Asian and
               | Middle Eastern backgrounds here and while all of the
               | usual discussions are alive and well (left vs. right,
               | urban vs. suburban, immigration vs. bubbling), people's
               | cultures are just not the main issue dividing people.
               | You'd think that with a lot of Muslim immigrants, Canada
               | would have larger problems with value differences, but
               | guess what, most people are just people and want a good
               | life for themselves and their families. Nothing new here,
               | move along.
               | 
               | The point is that full-on assimilation isn't necessary.
               | Celebrate shared values. Celebrate diverse backgrounds
               | and differences, too. I don't have to tell a Muslim woman
               | that she can't wear religious clothing, just like I don't
               | like it if her husband tells her the opposite. I can just
               | grab food with the two of them and discuss tech, ethics,
               | religion and whatever, just like with regular people,
               | because they _are_ regular people. The kids just see a
               | lot of different ways of people living their lives and
               | learn that it 's okay to be different.
               | 
               | > In your hypothetical, how exactly would this situation
               | [Islamic Law / autocratic dictatorship] come about?
               | 
               | Recent history suggests that there is a template: a
               | politician gets voted into office, gets drunk on power,
               | finds a common enemy and sells it to the people, changes
               | elections and eventually the constitution to remain in
               | power, kills the independent press, persecutes opposition
               | leaders and intellectuals with dangerous ideas.
               | 
               | Turkey and Hungary are well on their way. Russia has
               | arrived. Iran and China went the revolution route, that
               | works too, although probably requires more of a flawed
               | system to begin with.
        
               | xdennis wrote:
               | Nationalism gets a bad rep now precisely because it has
               | accomplished many of its goals and is a part of many
               | European states and now the nationalists get confused
               | with the extreme nationalists.
               | 
               | Before nationalism, most European states were monarchies
               | "answerable by God". Now it's dominated by countries with
               | a single people/single language/single religion. Minority
               | rights are important, but a minority should never be in
               | charge of the majority as it was under the Austrian
               | Empire for example (a.k.a as the Jail of Nations).
               | 
               | It's sad that reactionaries are trying to undo this and
               | slowly turn the EU into another Austria, which will
               | inevitably be dominated by the Germans and French.
        
               | nix23 wrote:
               | Depends how much the states have their own freedom and
               | power (financial marketplace, and military), remember
               | Russia is a federation too.
        
           | taurath wrote:
           | Don't underestimate energy companies ability to bring in a
           | ton of state firepower to keep their bottom line intact -
           | that's one of the main lessons of the 20th century.
        
         | kristjank wrote:
         | True. But EU also repeatedly ignores a decent chunk of people
         | that want a stable social state without LGBTQ agitprop and
         | unlimited illegal immigration. I have a hunch that the western
         | left wing would have much more support if they focused on the
         | wellbeing of the common worker, not on the countless
         | minorities. Instead the choice always seems to be between a
         | reactionary right-wing degenerate and a hyper-progressive left-
         | wing degenerate. And to think Americans call them communists.
         | In communism most of the shit we see today from left and right
         | politicians wouldn't fly at all.
        
           | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
           | > But EU also repeatedly ignores a decent chunk of people
           | that want a stable social state without LGBTQ agitprop and
           | unlimited illegal immigration
           | 
           | Can you give me some examples of the EU doing this?
           | 
           | My understanding is that nothing has happened on migration
           | because there is no agreement.
        
             | kristjank wrote:
             | The most obvious example is Merkel's flooding of the
             | bordering european states with economic immigrants and
             | "refugees" of disputed international validity. Not only EU
             | states like Hungary, Italy, France or Slovenia, but also
             | non-EU territories like Croatia, Bosnia etc. It's a
             | difference that is showing if you like me live as a student
             | in a Schengen-border state. Ignoring the major changes of
             | public opinion and trying to arrange no compromises at all
             | is (IMO) a common pattern with the EU law- and
             | decisionmaking. Saying that a whole international union
             | with will somehow deal with and accept an overwhelming
             | influx of non-integrated, traumatized, not-fit-for-work
             | population is peak bourgeoisie. At the end of the day,
             | social state is (at least in my god-forsaken old-school
             | commie eyes) there to provide the future productive members
             | of society with an education, housing, stipends etc. for
             | the betterment of the nation/state/collective/whatever. I
             | see little sense in promotion of influx of cheap, abusable,
             | low-skill labour or even worse, perpetual social system
             | abusers.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | So how is it different from a similar influx of migrants
               | from Eastern Europe? (Disclaimer: I'm from Eastern Europe
               | myself.)
        
               | kristjank wrote:
               | Significantly lower unemployment statistically and a much
               | lower cultural barrier anecdotally. But I might be
               | ignorant or going off anecdotes. Economically, they are
               | pretty comparable if it weren't for the fact that most of
               | my compatriots in the diaspora and foreign workers where
               | I live are usually employed. EU statictics reflect this:
               | https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-
               | explained/index.php...
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | Sure, as the immigrants from Eastern EU countries can
               | legally work in the West without all the paperwork
               | required for folks from outside the EU. But I still
               | remember when it wasn't the case, and Poland was widely
               | known for stealing cars and prostitution.
        
         | antman wrote:
         | Orban was actively supported by the EU center-right wing
         | parties. Do not assume morality, no one was angry they were in
         | fact joking about it. Actions are reserved for countries with
         | left wing governments. Funniest moment, if it wasn't so tragic
         | for hungary:
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/1hl83Jpd_OI
        
         | ganafagol wrote:
         | > If there is one single lasting international effect of Orban
         | and his party, it's how he demonstrated how EU is completely
         | helpless against rouge states (as well).
         | 
         | Helpless and hypocritical. If Orban rolls out surveillance he
         | is a dictator. If UK or Germany do it, it's the noble fight
         | against terrorists, pedophiles and kids downloading moviez from
         | the internet.
        
         | cabalamat wrote:
         | > rouge states
         | 
         | States that wear lots of lipstick? It's a word often mis-spelt.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mlang23 wrote:
         | Which is an indication that the whole system is simply too
         | weak. EU was originally founded to make trade easier. Even the
         | temporary removal of borders for EU citizens was only done to
         | fasciliate trade, the free travel amongst EU states was a nice
         | side effect which could also be used to lure the citizens into
         | believing the EU was actually more. The social apsect was
         | originally only a side effect of fasciliatating trade. And now
         | that it starts to show that the different member states have
         | different political agendas, and not everything can be pacified
         | by just making commerce happy, the system starts to crumble. I
         | still remember the biggest fear of EU when brexit came up. That
         | more member states could have a similar idea. That isn't
         | particularily showing strength and confidence.
        
           | raverbashing wrote:
           | Oh so you mean the people who like to call it "EUSSR" are
           | full of it?
        
         | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
         | I think the issue is that EU was founded with an idea that they
         | can copy US creation pattern, but without sufficient
         | consideration of the simple fact that there is a thousand plus
         | years of history that is being crammed into respective
         | citizens' heads including, but not limited to wars with
         | neighbors. It is hard to forget blood; especially if survivors
         | still have a state.
         | 
         | Do not get me wrong. I like the idea of EU. I see its benefits,
         | but the idea ignores lessons of creating new federations. Apart
         | from everything else, I doubt EU would be willing to do the
         | same things US did to maintain its grip.
        
           | flavius29663 wrote:
           | > I doubt EU would be willing to do the same things US did to
           | maintain its grip.
           | 
           | I think you meant war.
           | 
           | I think the EU is unwilling to make even non-bloody
           | sacrifices, like the US did in the beginning at the
           | Connecticut Compromise (1787). Basically as early as 11 years
           | after the independence, the large US states relinquished a
           | lot of power to the smaller states. With that compromise they
           | gave 2 senators to each state, no matter how big or small it
           | was.
           | 
           | I really don't see Germany relinquishing that much power, or
           | France for that matter.
           | 
           | Also the EU cannot function like the US without the
           | absolutely massive transfer of cash from rich to poor states.
           | 
           | A poor state in the US receives as much as 10k per person NET
           | from the federal government
           | https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/federal-
           | aid... Imagine giving out 200 billions to Romania alone every
           | year... At best we get 10 billions a year, but only for a
           | limited time. In the previous budget we got like 3-5 billions
           | a year. For those funds, the richer countries expect a lot of
           | obedience in return, always dangling the threat of cutting
           | the funds if we "don't behave".
        
             | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
             | War, civil war or re-education of local populations.
             | 
             | Note that either of these would be unlikely to succeed.
             | Just about every EU state has survived numerous
             | occupations; some partitions; some ceased to be nation
             | states. How can you possibly hope to force them to see
             | themselves as Europeans first and nation A second? If
             | anything, force or even threat of force will likely result
             | further digging in.
             | 
             | Overall, I agree with your post though. I personally think
             | both France and Germany simply use EU framework for their
             | own purposes ( Germany actually just had an interesting
             | case that may finally shed some light over whether EU law
             | is above German law -- that should be fun to watch -
             | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/09/eu-launches-
             | le...).
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | throwaway4good wrote:
         | What do you want the EU to do? Kick Hungary out?
         | 
         | EU offers a lot to the Hungarian people in terms of travel,
         | freedom of business, employment etc. In 10 years Orban likely
         | will be gone. In the long run the liberal values of Europe will
         | prevail.
        
           | diegocg wrote:
           | Orban didn't become president by himself. There is social
           | support for his platform and this platform will generate new
           | leaders that will be like him or worse
        
             | throwaway4good wrote:
             | He has similar platform to what you will find in many other
             | european countries. Le Pen in France. AFD in Germany. Dansk
             | folkeparti in Denmark.
             | 
             | How does EU "fight" that? By playing for the long run:
             | freedom of movement, cultural exchange, freedom of
             | business. In the long term this leads to a more liberal
             | society, regardless of counter movements.
        
               | alkonaut wrote:
               | If there ever comes a time when AfD creates a board to
               | "review" Supreme Court justices, or moves to remove
               | "foreign influence" on media in Germany and so on - then
               | the same discussion will return there. The difference is
               | that conservative nationalism can't get that type of
               | foothold in Western Europe and the mistake was to include
               | countries in the EU that even had a risk of having a
               | nationalist majority. We should have "tiers" of
               | membership with a legal/political inner union of liberal
               | states that can have a common foreign policy, and a wider
               | less tightly coupled trade Union with the EEA that
               | doesn't necessarily need to agree on such things.
        
               | rwmj wrote:
               | > The difference is that conservative nationalism can't
               | get that type of foothold in Western Europe
               | 
               | UK says hi!
        
               | alkonaut wrote:
               | By conservative nationalism I mean something that is much
               | further removed from liberal democracy than Nigel Farage
               | or even LePen. It's not about economic conservatism,
               | closed borders and populism in immigration matters. I
               | mean (extremely) socially conservative.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | " The difference is that conservative nationalism can't
               | get that type of foothold in Western Europe and the
               | mistake was to include countries in the EU that even had
               | a risk of having a nationalist majority"
               | 
               | Does spain is included in your non-nationalistic western
               | europe? A state where old fascist are still in charge in
               | justice, police and army? Who cheeringly cracked down on
               | catalonia who dared to organize a referendum on
               | independence?
               | 
               | Or, well france. Who declared as a first move of
               | presidency of EU to make french the standard working
               | language of the EU?
               | 
               | Nationalism isn't restricted to eastern europe.
        
               | zajio1am wrote:
               | > Who cheeringly cracked down on catalonia who dared to
               | organize a referendum on independence?
               | 
               | Which would likely be done by every country that respects
               | rule of law and equal rights of its citizens.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | I supose by rule of law, you don't mean:
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-determination
               | 
               | Aside from that, the UK showed with scotland, how it can
               | be done dealing with political issues, without involving
               | the police. Because that is just in tradition of the
               | fascist way.
        
               | alkonaut wrote:
               | > Who cheeringly cracked down on catalonia who dared to
               | organize a referendum on independenc
               | 
               | Parts of states do not simply arrange independence
               | referendums without approval from the central government.
               | This would be "cracked down" in every single country on
               | earth. It may well be that Catalonia deserve independence
               | but it's not exactly surprising or authoritarian of a
               | central government to stop such attempts. Scotland
               | doesn't arrange an IndyRef without getting a nod from
               | London.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | But how could they have proceed legaly, when the central
               | government made it clear, they never respect their right
               | of self determination?
        
               | alkonaut wrote:
               | By trying to move that opinion. It might take three or
               | ten generations but it's hard to see an independence
               | movement go faster without violence.
        
           | Ygg2 wrote:
           | I somehow doubt it. EU's reaction to migrant crisis was
           | everything but liberal.
           | 
           | And that's basically only the tip of the fuckberg that will
           | be future migrations.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | underscore_ku wrote:
           | they have parliamentary elections in 2022. i bet Orban will
           | be out by then
        
         | Hokusai wrote:
         | > EU is completely helpless against rouge states
         | 
         | There is a point where politics depend on good intent. It does
         | not matter if it is the EU, USA or China. If there is a part of
         | the population that is radicalized and hate rhetoric is used
         | that will destabilize any society.
         | 
         | The main defense against this situation is that it does not
         | work to improve citizens lives. It only benefits a small part
         | of society and it will make the rest suffer. Hate calls for
         | win-lose deals and an unproductive zero sum mentality.
         | Hungarian business will suffer, and Hungarian workers will
         | suffer. That is not sustainable long term.
         | 
         | EU can be improved, but if millions of citizens support a far-
         | right government there is little to be done. Orban is a
         | problem, but that people follows him is another one. It will
         | only make Hungary poorer and the EU poorer and more dangerous.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | hyper_dynamics wrote:
           | They should be expelled, but that's not possible. So the EU
           | is indeed kinda helpless against member states gone rouge
        
             | mlang23 wrote:
             | Why, exactly? For not kissing the rainbow flag? Or for
             | opposing illegal immigration? Those are the topics
             | presented through media lately, and the argument is rather
             | weak. In fact, I think many politically centered people
             | dont actually sympathize with this "you are not hip enough,
             | you have to leave"-mentality.
        
               | Twixes wrote:
               | The government calling people subhuman simply because of
               | what gender they prefer or feel like is far more twisted
               | than some "not kissing the rainbow flag", and that's
               | what's happening in Hungary or Poland receiving huge EU
               | subsidies.
        
               | bjoli wrote:
               | The recent politicising the courts, and the political
               | aftermath, is bad enough to warrant serious action from
               | the EU. Orban has had undemocratic tendencies for a long
               | time, and his blatant misuse of power has had all
               | spectrums of the political field concerned since we'll
               | before the 2015 EU migration crisis.
        
               | pell wrote:
               | I am really not sure where this notion is coming from and
               | I've seen it repeated in this thread multiple times now.
               | The reason Orban's government is considered dangerous
               | within the EU context has never been because of his
               | stance on immigration or that he "doesn't kiss the
               | rainbow flag". The problem is that his government has
               | been attacking and dismantling democratic institutions
               | such as academia, the media, NGOs and even the judiciary
               | to some extend. The critique and this development started
               | long before the refugee situation in 2015.
               | 
               | This has really nothing to do with immigration or LGTBQ
               | policy. A number of EU countries are not really champions
               | of immigration or LGTBQ+ matters either (Slowakia,
               | Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece). This idea that the
               | issue is about him or his government not being "hip" or
               | "woke" enough is really odd to say the least.
        
               | 3np wrote:
               | While there's a fair amount of hypocrisy from other
               | countries going on, the core issues are more about human
               | rights and fascism than about hipness.
        
             | majgr wrote:
             | Orban will vote easily against Poland just when he is
             | guaranteed that he gets money from after-COVID fund. Maybe
             | that is why EU are withholding Hungary spend plan for this
             | fund.
        
             | pmontra wrote:
             | I don't recommended this scenario but: the other states
             | could join a new union and leave Hungary and possibly other
             | states outside (the usual split into a good company and a
             | bad one.) Lots of legal disputes but in international law
             | the strongest party always makes the law and shrugs
             | problems away.
             | 
             | BTW, is it rouge (as in French for red) or rogue?
        
               | Darmody wrote:
               | No, they can't make a new union, that's just stupid. It
               | took decades to build the EU as it is now. Building
               | something new isn't feasible.
               | 
               | Just look at the Brexit shitshow and that was only a
               | country leaving.
               | 
               | And besides that, the EU has never been about controlling
               | national governments. The common values thing it's
               | something new they brought to the table because they want
               | to expand their powers.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | In case of Poland the only value being forced by the EU
               | is not breaking Poland's own constitution. Which is
               | required for any kind of reliable business, which, in
               | turn, is pretty central to fundamental purpose of the EU.
        
               | scrollaway wrote:
               | It's Rogue. Common misspelling :)
        
               | peteretep wrote:
               | Or they could just develop decent sanctions and enforce
               | them. Hungary is a massive net recipient of EU funds,
               | which seems a great starting lever, plus throw just the
               | smallest amount of friction into their Schengen status,
               | and you've got something pretty potent there.
        
           | NicoJuicy wrote:
           | As far as I'm aware ( source Hungarian people), entire
           | families voted for him because he was strongly opposing
           | migrants.
           | 
           | All the other shit he does, they deem less important. It's
           | ridiculous.
           | 
           | Hungary should go out of the EU or be forced out. The lack of
           | obeying rules and abusing subsidies for own gain should be
           | enough reason. Hungarians should outweigh pro's and cons,
           | it's already a decade...
        
             | bb101 wrote:
             | I think Hungary should be very much kept in the EU, so the
             | EU can continue to exert its influence. The funding taps
             | should be turned off however, and only turned on again
             | subject to demonstrable and verified improvements.
        
           | afshin wrote:
           | > The main defense against this situation is that it does not
           | work to improve citizens lives. It only benefits a small part
           | of society and it will make the rest suffer.
           | 
           | This pattern is attenuated when there's a reliable external
           | source of energy. Hungary is not a closed system that will
           | decay into entropy. It has regular funding from the EU which
           | allows the disequilibrium to continue.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | roenxi wrote:
           | > If there is a part of the population that is radicalized
           | and hate rhetoric is used that will destabilize any society.
           | 
           | I'm going to point at this as an example of a very
           | traditional, very political example unproductive thinking.
           | One of the lessons people refuse to see in politics is that
           | the people who vote for things they don't like might,
           | potentially, be upset about something. There is a lack of
           | reflection on how rational people might have ended up here.
           | 
           | I know nothing about Hungary. But I am quite confident that a
           | happy, well organised society labouring under the grip of
           | sound economic policies tends not to radicalise very easily.
           | People get radicalised when it becomes obvious that politics
           | as usual is not going to work out well for them. There are
           | cases where the cause is lost and there is an intransigent
           | radical group. Usually there is a long lead up to that of a
           | group who is systemically not having their needs met.
           | 
           | It is totally correct that hate leads to win-lose deals. That
           | seems like a very reasonable option to people if the
           | alternative loving approach is a win-lose deal but with the
           | winners and losers reversed.
        
             | shoto_io wrote:
             | It's rare for people to look at things from the perspective
             | of the other side. I thinks it's both: lacking abilities
             | and willingness to do so.
             | 
             | The world would be a better place if we did that more
             | often.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | If you know nothing about Hungary, why are you so confident
             | GP is wrong?
        
             | rbanffy wrote:
             | > But I am quite confident that a happy, well organised
             | society labouring under the grip of sound economic policies
             | tends not to radicalise very easily
             | 
             | Brazil experienced 12 years of prosperity from 2003 to
             | 2015, with some trouble starting in 2012, but still with
             | solid numbers in unemployment, for instance. Still a hate-
             | based disinformation campaign managed to overthrow a re-
             | elected president for accusations later proved unfounded,
             | paving the way to the election of a far-right president who
             | is ripping apart the fragile fabric of Brazil's still young
             | democracy.
             | 
             | This is why we need to deal harshly with such
             | hatred/disinfo campaigns, ruthlessly deplatforming fringe
             | elements and denying them the chance to drag the Overton
             | window their way.
             | 
             | In the past century Europe saw the construction of
             | facilities used exclusively to commit murder at an
             | industrial scale, designed to be the cheapest way to kill
             | whole populations.
             | 
             | It's people like Orban, the Le Pens, Jorg Meuthen, Nigel
             | Farage, among many, many others, that took this continent
             | there and, if we don't act, they'll do it again.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | The conditions that allowed Hitler to rise to power were
               | created by the "winners" of WWI with the treaty of
               | Versailles. These are not masses of sheep being led
               | around by brilliant propaganda, they're often people who
               | don't think they have anything to lose by voting for the
               | extreme nationalist over the status quo.
        
               | Bayart wrote:
               | >The conditions that allowed Hitler to rise to power were
               | created by the "winners" of WWI with the treaty of
               | Versailles.
               | 
               | That's quite literally Nazi propaganda, although the
               | narrative was born in the US with Keynes as Americans
               | were oddly keen on washing the Germans of their sins,
               | shifting the blame everywhere else and go back to
               | business as usual.
               | 
               | The Treaty of Versailles was nothing particularly odious,
               | Germany could have coped with it fine if it stuck to the
               | terms. It didn't, it broke its economy _on purpose_ to
               | avoid honoring the treaty.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | While true, this was not the root cause any more than
               | keeping tons of explosives together in a port warehouse
               | didn't cause the explosion in Beirut.
               | 
               | You are right in the sense that eradicating poverty will
               | probably have a stabilizing effect on many societies,
               | but, in Brazil at least, it wasn't the poorest who
               | supported the rise of fascism - this was driven mostly by
               | the middle class.
               | 
               | In Germany it was the hate speech, the scapegoating, the
               | xenophobia of the nazi discourse, the framing of other
               | people as sub-human, evil and unworthy of living. This
               | led to seemingly normal people inflicting unspeakable
               | evil upon others. And it's frighteningly easy to make a
               | human do that.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | You think that you can "deal harshly with such
               | hatred/disinfo campaigns, ruthlessly deplatforming fringe
               | elements and denying them the chance to drag the Overton
               | window their way" forever, because if the right people
               | run it, they can keep the wrong people from ever coming
               | to power. That's misguided, for two reasons.
               | 
               | First, sometimes the wrong people come to power _anyway_.
               | If they can 't do it by blatant misinformation and
               | propaganda, they'll do it by "wolf in sheep's clothing"
               | tactics. Once they get power, the machinery is there,
               | just waiting for them to use it to enforce _their_
               | narrative. Sure, by protecting the narratives that are
               | allowed, you might make it more difficult for such a one
               | to come to power, and therefore less probable. You can 't
               | make it impossible, though. And if the thought of such
               | machinery in Orban's hands (or Trump's) doesn't terrify
               | you, you're not thinking.
               | 
               | Second, power changes people. You might be a perfectly
               | fine, democracy-loving person. Give you that kind of
               | power and you might not be the same person forever. As
               | Elrond said, "I fear to take the ring to guard it. I will
               | not take the ring to wield it" - and for very good
               | reason. Too much power is a danger even to the good.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | >>This is why we need to deal harshly with such
               | hatred/disinfo campaigns, ruthlessly deplatforming fringe
               | elements and denying them the chance to drag the Overton
               | window their way.
               | 
               | I can't help but to smile the smile of mild horror that
               | calls to overreaching and overzealous censorship of
               | wrongthink ( hate is sufficiently innocuous and broad to
               | cover just about any kind of wrongthink - just the fact
               | that it has been accepted by mainstream as a good enough
               | reason is horrifying ) is so common that is used with
               | adjectives like ruthlessly without any feel for the
               | irony.
               | 
               | I can certainly feel the hate.
        
               | speeder wrote:
               | Accusations are not proved unfounded, he was freed from
               | prison because of a mix of politics, procedural errors
               | from judges that imprisoned him, and changes on how the
               | judiciary works.
               | 
               | And many people rightly saw that the prosperity that
               | happened during Lula's time was because of booming
               | commodities market and exports booming, not because
               | anything he did in particular.
               | 
               | Brazillians voted for Bolsonaro not because he is right
               | wing, but because he promised he would end corruption,
               | and the workers party IS corrupt.
               | 
               | Now that Bolsonaro has proven that he won't end
               | corruption either (starting with him protecting his son),
               | I doubt he will be re-elected, instead whoever else
               | promises to end corruption and is not corrupted that has
               | a good shot.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | > Accusations are not proved unfounded, he was freed from
               | prison because of a mix of politics, procedural errors
               | from judges that imprisoned him, and changes on how the
               | judiciary works
               | 
               | You are talking about Lula, who was jailed after massive
               | procedural "errors", mishandling of evidence, witness
               | intimidation (bordering on torture), evidence inflation
               | and many, many others, conducted by a partisan judge who
               | would be named by the election winner (a win Moro helped
               | him secure by preventing Lula from running) to head the
               | ministry of justice.
               | 
               | Dilma's maneuver was later considered legal and not
               | grounds for an impeachment.
        
               | ricardobeat wrote:
               | > the prosperity that happened during Lula's time was
               | because of booming commodities market and exports booming
               | 
               | Ah, the familiar sound of facts being twisted and turned
               | to conform to what you wish reality had been. We've been
               | hearing this same rhetoric of denial since before their
               | government ended. Somehow we should believe that a
               | country of 200 million people was just "going through its
               | motions" for over a decade and the figures in power were
               | just spectators. I guess that leaves room to say the same
               | about the current government - the ongoing destruction of
               | the economy is "not their fault" either.
               | 
               | There are a thousand different policies implemented in
               | those years that helped the country achieve growth. A
               | huge number of them already reversed in the past 5-6
               | years. Hand waving _all of it_ as "the commodities market
               | boomed" is of such a despicable, willful ignorance.
               | 
               | EDIT: on why I find this so aggravating: to have a decent
               | government you need people to vote based on proposals,
               | political stance on specific issues, policies, not empty
               | promises (like ending corruption). This kind of discourse
               | just continues to poison the well by taking focus away
               | from real economic/political issues and into a red vs
               | blue team mentality.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | > we need to deal harshly with such hatred/disinfo
               | campaigns, ruthlessly deplatforming fringe elements
               | 
               | (1) If you believe that hate-based disinformation
               | campaigns routinely unseat good people ... I might
               | suggest that normalising ruthless deplatforming of
               | "fringe elements" is a strategic blunder?
               | 
               | There is a stereotype of ye goode olde Nazi/Communist
               | regimes. It involves tropes of ruthlessness and
               | deplatforming of fringe elements.
               | 
               | (2) I'm not sure dismissing political opponents as "far
               | right" and "fringe" when they are winning elections is
               | rhetorically feasible. It is hard to get away from the
               | fact that winning an election involves convincing swing
               | voters that a plan is acceptable. It is worth asking some
               | what? and why? style questions. Then getting to answers
               | that don't involve the public becoming suddenly and
               | unexpectedly susceptible to hypnosis.
        
               | kian wrote:
               | It seems a shame to downvote someone who is so genuinely
               | trying to help in this situation. The moment the populace
               | falls for 'far right' rhetoric, it becomes, by
               | definition, centric rhetoric, in the same way that what
               | was once 'left' rhetoric is now being called right-wing
               | because the center has moved so far left. De-platforming
               | and de-humanizing are _the_ playbook by which every
               | totalitarian government, no matter its political colors,
               | has established itself. Be wary listening to anyone who
               | suggests these as a genuine solution, no matter what they
               | wave in solidarity.
        
             | newacct583 wrote:
             | > One of the lessons people refuse to see in politics is
             | that the people who vote for things they don't like might,
             | potentially, be upset about something.
             | 
             | And one of the lessons other people refuse to see is that
             | appeasement of hate generally just leads to more hate. This
             | is what we're seeing in the US right now, where what seems
             | to be a majority fraction of one of the major parties is
             | captured by an escalating rhetoric of hate. The angrier
             | they get, the more votes they get. You can't placate that,
             | because at the end of the day it's feeding on _ITSELF_ ,
             | not a fundamental injustice.
             | 
             | You really think that American voters are so outraged about
             | vaccines or masks because of a genuine concern for good
             | modern medical practice? No, they hate that stuff because
             | it's pushed by the people _they already hate_. So now they
             | hate them more.
        
             | WanderPanda wrote:
             | How can win-lose (lets say in the expected value) deals
             | exist when the participants are free to partake or abstain
             | from the deal?
        
               | fighterpilot wrote:
               | In this context, they meant to say "outcome", not "deal".
               | 
               | However, win-lose deals can indeed happen, although
               | they're rather rare. Consider the example of diminsmished
               | agency, e.g a fentanyl addict "choosing" to buy more
               | fentanyl. Or consider agency conflicts of interests or
               | information asymmetries as examples where deals can turn
               | out to be win-lose.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | > the people who vote for things they don't like might,
             | potentially, be upset about something
             | 
             | Yes, but is the thing they're upset about and the thing
             | they're directing their anger towards actually linked?
             | 
             | It's often hugely successful in politics to say "all your
             | problems are the fault of this external bad actor" rather
             | than " _we_ have a problem and it 's going to take a lot of
             | hard work to fix it". It's very easy to blame external
             | Jewish financiers (George Soros always gets a namecheck)
             | and gay people for all your problems. The last time people
             | did that en masse in Eastern Europe it ended up with
             | extermination camps and millions dead.
             | 
             | Arguably Hungary's problems _are_ due to the international
             | finance industry, but there 's nothing especially Jewish
             | about it, just good old mis-selling. See e.g. https://www.f
             | t.com/content/6c27cfbc-f50b-11e2-94e9-00144feab... - Orban
             | took on the banks, which has to have been a big help to his
             | popularity.
             | 
             | The EU is not blameless in this:
             | https://www.escp.eu/news/eu-convergence-narrative-played-
             | key...
        
               | pasabagi wrote:
               | > en masse in Eastern Europe
               | 
               | Is Germany in Eastern Europe now?
        
               | d1sxeyes wrote:
               | If I remember correctly, the vast majority of the
               | extermination camps were in occupied Poland (or Austria),
               | rather than Germany itself.
        
               | pasabagi wrote:
               | Well, yeah, but if somebody said the Vietnamese had a
               | history of using napalm, because it was mostly used
               | there, people might look at them funny.
        
               | d1sxeyes wrote:
               | OP didn't say 'the Germans', OP said 'The last time
               | people did that en masse _in Eastern Europe_ '.
               | 
               | You thought you would score a point by embarrassing a
               | stranger on the internet, but it didn't work out because
               | you read something that OP didn't say. Pedantry is rarely
               | a good look.
        
               | Bayart wrote:
               | A chunk of it certainly was, before the Germans got the
               | boot. And the Nazi party was popular with a lot of
               | factions in Eastern Europe, including in Hungary.
        
               | pasabagi wrote:
               | Western europe too, and in the USA. Vichy france, for
               | example, is a pretty standout example, or Franco's spain,
               | or Mussolini's italy, or some people in the UK (the daily
               | mail, perhaps their readership?)
        
               | raddan wrote:
               | No, but Bosnia is.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omarska_camp
        
             | zpeti wrote:
             | The word radicalized is also way overused.
             | 
             | Orban is seen as hateful or radicalising because he is
             | against illegal immigration. He has made a big marketing
             | point about this.
             | 
             | But that doesn't mean that there aren't legitimate concerns
             | about illegal immigration that Hungarians might have. Just
             | because Western european nations have decided they don't
             | mind if they add 1-2% yearly to their populations of a
             | culturally totally different type of person, doesn't mean
             | that that is normal or "good".
             | 
             | Orban is using these emotions for his own purposes. That's
             | true. But it's not Orban that is creating these issues, or
             | the concerns about them.
        
               | thinkindie wrote:
               | because they are part of a community (Europe) with
               | certain rules and they are deciding to enjoy the fruits
               | of being part of this community (a lot of funds, free
               | movements for people) and then you don't want to follow
               | the rules. It's part of the basic principles of living in
               | a community. You can't have your cake and eat it.
        
               | krzyk wrote:
               | Issue is that when they joining EU there was no mention
               | of large influx of immigrants to the country.
               | 
               | There is also a difference when you get immigrants of
               | somehow similar culture vs large amount of immigrants
               | from one that is completely different (and it being the
               | same as ISIS, doesn't help, how one can differentiate
               | infiltrator from legitimate refugee?).
               | 
               | It is all good if amount of immigrants is not large
               | influx.
               | 
               | But what most Hungarians (and Poles) didn't take into
               | account is that most of those immigrants prefer to get to
               | western Europe, so blocking them was pointless. They
               | would quickly go West.
        
               | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
               | I'm not from Hungary or Poland so can you please explain
               | to me why Hungary and Poland seem uniquely inundated by
               | refugees and apparently terrorists? Are there terrorist
               | attacks happening from refugees regularly in Hungary and
               | Poland? Why are they special, or are other EU countries
               | just getting terrorist attacks and are ok with it?
               | 
               | I'm genuinely asking because looking at the map, neither
               | Hungary nor Poland are the first stop for a middle
               | eastern refugee, and I have no idea where the statement
               | of infiltrator from ISIS comes from because I haven't
               | heard of an uptick of terrorism in either country.
        
               | majgr wrote:
               | Poland is very homogeneous regarding race, church. Most,
               | who vote for populists, weren't abroad, or hadn't
               | opportunity to meet other cultures really. Everything
               | they know come from tv, or social media, and right-wing
               | uses social media extensively: Facebook groups, or
               | YouTube videos to scare them, you know, when one falls
               | into Recommended black hole there is no turning back.
               | Rapes, burning cars etc. Even government TV likes to
               | remind from time to time what a "problem" refugees are.
               | So it is mostly by showing everything negative about
               | Muslims in Europe that is ever been able to find.
        
               | enriquto wrote:
               | they will answer that they don't have terror attacks
               | precisely because they don't let terrorists in (unlike
               | those pesky french and germans)
        
               | krzyk wrote:
               | Well, don't you see it as one of the reasons?
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | The polish way of avoiding terrorism is very simple: just
               | don't count it as terrorism. Voila, problem solved. Works
               | just as well with COVID tests.
        
               | krzyk wrote:
               | > I'm genuinely asking because looking at the map,
               | neither Hungary nor Poland are the first stop for a
               | middle eastern refugee, and I have no idea where the
               | statement of infiltrator from ISIS comes from because I
               | haven't heard of an uptick of terrorism in either
               | country.
               | 
               | People are more reluctant to let immigrants from too
               | foreign culture in, e.g. Poland let in > 1M of Ukrainian
               | immigrants (they are from similar culture as Poland)
               | during last few years. Those assimilate easily.
               | 
               | Also, people are afraid of the unknown. You force that on
               | them, they will object -> vote for those that will block
               | that. There is no way around that.
               | 
               | This happens more in places that are more religious and
               | for example Poland is, if you let in people from
               | different (also religious) culture you create a clash.
               | 
               | I think it would be easier for Czech, where there are few
               | religious citizens.
               | 
               | As for terrorists. People watch TV -> see that ISIS is
               | cutting heads -> EU wants to import people from exact
               | same region into your country. Many people objected to
               | that, even those less nationalist.
        
               | pell wrote:
               | >Orban is seen as hateful or radicalising because he is
               | against illegal immigration. He has made a big marketing
               | point about this.
               | 
               | I'm not going to go into the topic of migration and the
               | "legality" of it. But the reason Orban is considered
               | "radical" by many is not because of his stance on
               | immigration first and foremost but because he's been
               | dismantling democratic institutions left and right,
               | starting with NGOs, the media, academia and to some
               | extend even the judiciary. The fact that his rhetoric is
               | hung up on blaming everything on George Soros does also
               | not help.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | You don't understand Hungarian history and why he has to
               | dismantle those institutions. After the failed 1956
               | uprising these 'democractic institutions' became soviet
               | levers of power with key left supports in power. After
               | the fall of communism there was never a real purge as the
               | left has been mostly in power. This is the purge. What
               | gets rebuilt?
        
               | pell wrote:
               | I fail to see how using spyware against journalists and
               | critics is in any way linked to a failed uprising from
               | 1956 or how his successful efforts to establish a media
               | landscape that largely backs him is supporting "the real
               | purge" you're describing. When Miklos Vaszily bought
               | Index.hu how did this help remove the soviet levers?
               | 
               | I think you're being willfully naive here, I'm afraid.
        
               | bobthechef wrote:
               | > he's been dismantling democratic institutions left and
               | right, starting with NGOs, the media, academia
               | 
               | This is precisely where I claim you've gone wrong.
               | 
               | > NGOs
               | 
               | NGOs are not democratic institutions per se. NGOs can be
               | incredibly detrimental to societies, whether
               | intentionally or through incompetence, and can be used by
               | billionaires to social engineer societies as they see
               | fit.
               | 
               | > the media
               | 
               | The media are not democratic institutions per se, even if
               | they can _in principle_ be used to communicate
               | information needed to make sound political decisions. In
               | practice, they 've owned by someone with a view that's
               | inseparable from the writing. So far I've seen corporate
               | media banned and very often, in that part of the world,
               | the corporate media are owned by powerful foreign
               | interests, thus often becoming instruments for social
               | engineering and propaganda.
               | 
               | > academia
               | 
               | A healthy academia can, again and _in principle_ , be
               | very important for the maintenance of an informed
               | society, but here, too, they are not democratic
               | institutions per se, and they have demonstrated enormous
               | susceptibility to ideology (which is quite a charitable
               | claim; they are, in fact, the breeding grounds of many of
               | the ideologies that later enter the political sphere).
               | Through funding (gov't and private foundations often
               | backed by billionaires) and biased hiring, ideologues can
               | be promoted and concentrated within the ranks of the
               | university.
               | 
               | So I have to say I am a bit frustrated by the pervasive
               | myopia about the reality of these kinds of political
               | issues. What I see is often a credulous attitude toward
               | the false narratives that corporate media have published.
               | 
               | Whether Orban is using appropriate _means_ to achieve
               | certain ends is the subject of another discussion, but
               | that Hungary and other countries are the subject of
               | foreign imperialist ideological bullying is not an open
               | question as far as I am concerned. Whatever flaws Orban
               | might have, realistically, I do not see any other forces
               | that can mount a serious enough defense against these
               | threats. (Mass immigration is only one thing Orban takes
               | issue with, btw.)
        
               | Regic wrote:
               | I call this argument "totalitarian democracy argument".
               | Yes, NGOs and media are not democratic, nor family,
               | corporations, etc... Not everything is and it is fairly
               | obvious that if everything was controlled through the
               | goverment (so in some sense, democratic) it would lead to
               | one party rule almost immediately, which unfortunately
               | seem to be the point in this particular case.
               | 
               | It is also very ironic that in Hungary these independent
               | (i.e. from state) institutions are replaced with ones
               | who's mandate last longer than 2 terms of election -
               | fairly obvious that public control is not the goal, but
               | the exact opposite.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | pell wrote:
               | I think you're playing a bit of a semantics game here.
               | Obviously media, NGOs and academia can be detrimental to
               | democracy. So can elections or the judiciary too (e.g.
               | Hitler's rise to chancellor of Germany was legal and
               | Democratic).
               | 
               | When one calls these institutions Democratic it's because
               | they do represent opposition and thus a control
               | mechanism. This does not mean that they're infallible or
               | act for the good of society by definition but if they do
               | not exist the government operates - de facto - in a
               | completely uncontrolled framework. Unsurprisingly this is
               | why many governments do try to dismantle these
               | institutions in the first place.
               | 
               | >[..] but that Hungary and other countries are the
               | subject of foreign imperialist ideological bullying is
               | not an open question as far as I am concerned.
               | 
               | I agree that this is worthy of a discussion however I
               | don't think this is the topic in question at all.
        
               | owisd wrote:
               | Institutions like that play an important role in
               | democracy precisely because they can hold views opposing
               | the mainstream and act as a moderating force even if they
               | themselves aren't 'democratic'. The populist idea that
               | institutions should kowtow to some Rousseauian 'will of
               | the people' ideal can be damaging to democracy because
               | it's easy for someone like Orban to claim to speak for
               | 'the people', so when institutions have to fall in line
               | with 'the people' really they're falling in line with
               | Orban, and then you've not got a democracy.
        
               | dogorman wrote:
               | > _Democratic institutions [...] NGOs "_
               | 
               | What is it that makes non-government organizations so
               | democratic? Do they let the general public vote for their
               | leaders?
        
               | neel8986 wrote:
               | Looks so much similar to Modi in India. At some point we
               | are all helpless in front of blatant rhetoric. We will
               | destroy our institutions just for the hatred for "others"
        
               | zo1 wrote:
               | There is a huge disconnect between the accepted "truths"
               | in "public discourse" or "mainstream" opinion, and what
               | people _really_ believe. This is a consequence of who
               | knows how many years /decades of punishing "incorrect"
               | opinions. Just look at the example presented in this
               | thread about illegal and/or wide-scale immigration. 100%
               | a thing that people can sanely and without being hateful
               | hold as an opinion, yet it is stigmatized and punished
               | when espoused in any sort of public forum or as a
               | political platform. So everyone that doesn't want to be
               | clumped into "that right-wing/hate group" category of
               | people, just decides to shut up and go with it
               | performatively.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | Rhetoric on its own is nothing. But rhetoric that
               | adresses needs and fears of a big size of the people -
               | does.
               | 
               | So I do not see the solution in fighting populist
               | rhetoric, but in adressing the cause of the fear of the
               | people.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | >but in adressing the cause of the fear of the people.
               | 
               | If you address it they won't have a reason to vote for
               | you next time. This problem plagues many US cities.
        
               | thinkindie wrote:
               | and just to clarify - joining the EU is an exercise of
               | free will. Countries are met with some conditions and
               | it's their decision to join or not. This is valid for
               | both Hungary and Poland. If they don't want to be part of
               | EU any longer I think Brexit showed the way, and all the
               | consequences of that.
        
               | varelaz wrote:
               | Brexit was a way to leave EU by country which wants this.
               | But Hungary doesn't want to leave, they want all benefits
               | and keep doing what they want. EU has very little power
               | to punish Hungary. To do something serious all countries
               | should vote for this, but Hungary and Poland have
               | agreement on protection of each other. So EU is kind of
               | hostage there.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | I seem to recall the UK Brexit and that freewill argument
               | was almost immediately challenged by calls for next
               | rounds of referenda ( presumably until the right decision
               | is reached by the population ). As always, it is
               | democracy and free will as long as it is exercised in a
               | way the conforms to rather specific view of what the
               | outcome should be.
        
               | jonp888 wrote:
               | I don't understand your argument. Britain voted to leave,
               | and they left.
               | 
               | People can 'call' for whatever they like. In this case
               | the demand was related to the refererendum being on a
               | nebulous idea without any clear idea on how to implement
               | it. No-one would ever seriously suggest having a
               | referendum on a Trade deal or Treaty before the
               | negotiations had even started. The idea of having a
               | referendum on the final deal was hardly a crazy one.
        
               | bobthechef wrote:
               | > joining the EU is an exercise of free will
               | 
               | This sounds like comments to the effect of "If you don't
               | like how America does X, then leave X." It also frames
               | things in a relativistic sense, as if consent is
               | unconditionally binding and nothing but consent has any
               | moral weight.
               | 
               | Anyway, this isn't as simple as it sounds. First, joining
               | did not give the EU license to make all sorts of weird
               | impositions and to demand these countries cooperate
               | against their own good. Second, countries aren't people.
               | Politicians in those countries at the time put a great
               | deal of energy into promoting entry into the EU among the
               | populace, and referenda results reflected a wish to deal
               | with frustration caused by domestic political realities,
               | and feelings of inferiority, more than some kind of
               | reasoned and responsible decision (I recall speaking with
               | political analysts at the time who felt that entry into
               | the EU was a bad decision, at the very least a premature
               | one).
               | 
               | > I think Brexit showed the way
               | 
               | This may be the only option. But this is politics. The EU
               | is unjust (put aside the propaganda please) and so the
               | moral high ground is not to be found in Brussels. For
               | now, tolerating and resisting bullying from the EU is
               | likely better than exiting. But I don't expect the EU is
               | last another 25 years at this rate, so it might be a
               | matter of waiting out the storm.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | There's almost seven million displaced Syrians. The real
               | failure is to not have dealt with the Syrian crisis, and
               | now the demand to kick out the refugees, no matter how
               | impractical this is or how lethal it would be to them, is
               | rising.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Pop of Hungary is 10m. What % of Syria can be absorbed by
               | Syria?
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | At 1% 100,000 or so max.
        
               | jsbdk wrote:
               | I don't really see how the Syrian issue is my fault or my
               | responsibility.
               | 
               | Why aren't all those Syrians flown to the United States
               | and Israel? Now that would be fair.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | Or to turkey, russia, iran, france ... there are many
               | powers involved in syria and fighting over it.
        
               | ramphastidae wrote:
               | https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/ > Turkey hosts
               | the largest number of refugees, with nearly 3.7 million
               | people.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrians_in_Turkey > The
               | number of Syrians in Turkey is estimated at over 3.6
               | million people as of March 2020,[3] and consists mainly
               | of refugees of the Syrian Civil War.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | Yes. And turkey is also very active in creating more
               | refugees by supporting islamists in syria and active
               | combat raids. And is using the mass of refugees regulary
               | to blackmail the EU.
        
               | ramphastidae wrote:
               | Turkey did not start the war in Syria, but they do share
               | a border with them, and have a responsibility to secure
               | their border from a failed state. They took in more
               | refugees than any other country in the world, which has a
               | massive impact on their economy and security. Requesting
               | economic aid from the EU to deal with this is not
               | blackmail. The EU benefits massively from keeping Syrians
               | in Turkey, because Syrians primarily use it as a pass
               | through on their way to Europe.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | "and have a responsibility to secure their border from a
               | failed state."
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_involvement_in_the_
               | Syr...
               | 
               | So you think supporting islamist militias is helping
               | stabilize said neighbor state?
        
               | bobthechef wrote:
               | > The real failure is to not have dealt with the Syrian
               | crisis
               | 
               | Most migrants weren't Syrians, btw. But more importantly,
               | I wish to remind you that when this mass migration was
               | inflicted on Europe, the Left was very much in favor of
               | this shitshow. There was no "dealing with the Syrian
               | crisis" then (whatever anyone means by that). Nor was
               | there any acknowledgement that the majority of migrants
               | weren't fleeing Syrians. Syrians should have been helped
               | on the ground in Syria, but only a few states seemed to
               | promote that approach (Poland comes to mind).
               | 
               | All of this should suggest that the mass migration was
               | weaponized.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | > acknowledgement that the majority of migrants weren't
               | fleeing Syrians
               | 
               | Which migrants? Where are they from in Hungary, then?
               | 
               | > should suggest that the mass migration was weaponized
               | 
               | By whom? For what purpose?
               | 
               | > the Left was very much in favor of this shitshow
               | 
               | The left (such as this can be described as a homogenous
               | bloc!) was not in favour of the collapse of Syria,
               | although they generally were against just repeating the
               | mistakes of Iraq there. Without the attack on Iraq the
               | collapse of Syria might not have happened, after all - it
               | released a huge amount of arms stockpiles into the region
               | which were taken up by ISIS.
        
               | pseudo0 wrote:
               | Syrians were under 30% of the migrants arriving in Europe
               | from 2015-2016. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_mi
               | grant_crisis#Causes...
               | 
               | > The left (such as this can be described as a homogenous
               | bloc!) was not in favour of the collapse of Syria,
               | although they generally were against just repeating the
               | mistakes of Iraq there. Without the attack on Iraq the
               | collapse of Syria might not have happened, after all - it
               | released a huge amount of arms stockpiles into the region
               | which were taken up by ISIS.
               | 
               | Obama authorized the CIA in 2013 to supply the Syrian
               | rebels with money, weapons, and training [0]. A lot of
               | those weapons ended up falling into the hands of
               | extremist groups like AQ and ISIL, either by "vetted"
               | militia groups getting absorbed into larger ones or
               | weapons getting resold on the black market. That may not
               | have ignited the conflict, but it certainly prolonged it
               | and contributed to the humanitarian crisis in Syria.
               | 
               | [0] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timber_Sycamore
        
               | barneygale wrote:
               | There would be little reason to migrate if those European
               | nations didn't exploit corruption and poor
               | labour/environmental standards in other countries.
               | Allowing free movement of goods and services without free
               | movement of people entrenches inequality and makes the
               | problem worse. Time to look at whether global capitalism
               | is culturally "good", rather than shifting the blame to
               | desperate people seeking safety or a better life for
               | their family.
        
               | bobthechef wrote:
               | > There would be little reason to migrate if those
               | European nations didn't exploit
               | 
               | Which European nations did this and how? Did Hungary,
               | Poland, Lithuania, etc. do this? If you're talking about
               | colonialism, then if _Western Europe_ has a guilty
               | conscience, let them pay the price. Don 't punish nations
               | that had nothing to do with any of that and who
               | themselves were oppressed under foreign imperialism
               | during that time. (Though two wrongs don't make a right,
               | so I would avoid the insane rhetoric of "reparative
               | cultural and national self-destruction".)
               | 
               | Besides, the idea that the world is poor _because_ of
               | European nations is a simplistic claim and the sum
               | benefits and injustices. These weren 't typically wealthy
               | nations that those European devils colonized, even if
               | they later took part in exploiting or mistreating those
               | peoples. Odd that only the West receives that attention
               | and no one else.
               | 
               | > Allowing free movement of goods and services without
               | free movement of people entrenches inequality and makes
               | the problem worse
               | 
               | Inequality is not the problem. Poverty and unjust
               | treatment are.
               | 
               | Also, free migration actually does actually make the
               | world worse. It leads to the destruction of the host
               | nation by flooding it with people of a different culture
               | beyond a rate at which they can be absorbed, but also the
               | draining of the origin nations of labor, expertise, etc.
               | It's bad for everyone. Maybe corporations benefit in some
               | myopic way. They're the one who will print the bleeding
               | heart op eds that tug at sentimentalist moralizers.
        
             | lloydjones wrote:
             | I'm not sure I agree. In the UK, the lower middle class are
             | (to generalise) materially well-off; they own their own
             | homes, they have a couple of cars, they have large
             | televisions, one partner does not have to work, etc.
             | 
             | And through pure boredom/decadence, they were radicalised
             | through years of negative messaging from the populist press
             | into 'caring' about things like Brexit, immigration,
             | welfare claimants, etc.
             | 
             | These are people that have most of their needs met and are
             | comfortable, yet their emotional buttons were pushed over
             | the course of years into making them foam at the mouth
             | about things they largely don't fully grasp and that
             | definitely don't have an impact on their lives.
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | The average life in UK is to be a drunkard with bad
               | teeth. Don't take it bad, I love such friends and you may
               | face difficulties with life, but while some find it
               | poetic and party-prone, what does it tell about the
               | country's care of its citizen? Which other nation has a
               | higher quantity of middle classes who drink themselves to
               | near-death experience every second evening? What does it
               | mean when the middleclass experience is to use pills at
               | every high-school party since 1980?
               | 
               | No matter how you look at it, you cannot possibly tell me
               | that the UK-born Englishman has been well taken care of.
               | Especially when the representative TV show of the country
               | is Top Gear, which, besides being awesome and fun to
               | watch, is also stuck in the pollution and selfish age
               | (apart from James May, who timidly looks to the electric
               | future), and shows those drunkards-with-bad-teeth are not
               | at all the lowerclasses or the unlucky, but the normal
               | life up to the top of the society. The crib of
               | Rock'n'roll is now a nation that is desperate for
               | illusions right from the bottom to the top.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | You're exaggerating. The UK isn't even in the top 10 for
               | alcohol consumption.
               | 
               | https://www.alcohol.org/guides/global-drinking-
               | demographics/
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | It's not top 10, but at 10.4 liters consumed per capita
               | it looks like it might be number 11. Not exactly _not_ a
               | problem.
        
               | carschno wrote:
               | We have seen an enormous disintegration of social
               | stability in many European countries, if not most. Those
               | parts of the middle class that have not been affected by
               | materially are right to fear they will be. This economic
               | development has been a consequence of the politics of the
               | past decades which have been dominated by austerity,
               | general redistribution of wealth towards the top, and
               | accompanying measures against democratic structures that
               | can include free press, independent justice,
               | marginalization of workers unions etc. Especially more
               | radical parties of that sort like Orban have driven these
               | classical liberal economic developments; mind the
               | hypocrisy in their "illiberalism" claims.
               | 
               | Every other topic that has emotional potential can serve
               | as a scapegoat for distraction ("we have to fight the
               | common enemy first, then we can care about the poor"):
               | immigrants, the EU, Jewish/Marxist conspiracies,
               | homosexuals etc. It does not _necessarily_ mean that
               | there are no problems related to other topics (e.g. EU
               | bureaucracy etc.), but that is hardly relevant in these
               | cases. You see this playbook in many countries inside and
               | outside of Europe (e.g. Brazil, USA, UK, Russia, Poland,
               | Slovenia, Turkey, ...).
        
               | peteretep wrote:
               | > the lower middle class are (to generalise) materially
               | well-off ... they have large televisions ... through pure
               | boredom/decadence they were radicalised ... about things
               | they largely don't fully grasp
               | 
               | 8/10 top parody comment. You could have strengthened it
               | by suggesting they turn to brioche if they don't have
               | enough bread to eat though.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | Please address parent's post in good faith. The point he
               | was not outlandish or imponderable.
        
               | nindalf wrote:
               | I agree with the parent's post FWIW. However, there is a
               | strong tendency in mainstream thought to have great
               | deference to "the People", however you define it. The
               | voice of the People is the voice of God, in fact. So for
               | a person to claim that well off people turned to radical
               | thought out of boredom and ignorance might be correct,
               | but would be considered not just outlandish, as you put
               | it, but outright heresy.
               | 
               | It's not just the UK. It's the US and every other place.
               | Trump wins 46% of the popular vote in 2016 and suddenly
               | there's a deluge of think pieces about how people are
               | hurting and what not. Yeah maybe. But there's a lot of
               | folks out there who love voting for a guy who "triggers
               | libs" and normalizes pussy grabbing. And we're not
               | allowed to say this, because again, it's heresy in a
               | democracy to imply that a large segment of voters could
               | be ignorant or stupid or racist.
               | 
               | Another example, this time with vaccines. One person
               | decides not to get a life saving vaccine because he was
               | duped by misinformation online - he's an idiot. 30% of
               | the population swallow the same bullshit - they have
               | valid concerns that we need to empathise with and
               | assuage. If they choose not to get vaccinated, we have to
               | accept their choice. We shouldn't require vaccine
               | passports because it would hurt their feelings and their
               | ability to transmit diseases to their fellow citizens.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | You touched on a lot of important things and I will try
               | to respond to all of them without distracting myself.
               | 
               | I posit to you that 'people hurting and what not' are not
               | merely think pieces (
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillbilly_Elegy ). I
               | remember driving through PA months before Trump's
               | election and recall seeing some of the sadder signs you
               | can read including "Save us Trump". It is not "triggering
               | the libs"; it is genuine despair of no options other than
               | triggering the libs. It is important to understand where
               | it comes from, if one is to have a hope to counter it in
               | any meaningful way. Just using that slogan is a mental
               | shortcut that undermines our discourse.
               | 
               | I do not see that understanding. What I see is more
               | targeted messaged intended to inflame pre-existing
               | passions. I do not see discussion. I see bumper stickers.
               | 
               | As for democracy, there is an argument to be made that it
               | relies on educated and engaged populace. I am not the
               | biggest fan, because US has neither and a lot of ways to
               | manipulate public opinion are well understood now. And
               | yet, it is still a better option than benevolent
               | dictator, monarchy or some sort of theocracy.
               | 
               | Now, we can quibble over whether US is a democracy, which
               | in itself is a discussion for a couple of pages.
               | 
               | I do think you have a point with vaccines, but I want you
               | to consider the question of choice, mandates and so on in
               | regards to government imposing choices upon you. What is
               | the lesser evil here?
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | And having elected Trump, what did they get aside from
               | triggering the libs?
               | 
               | I see a fair bit of attempts at understanding. Liberals
               | love to write books like "The Righteous Mind" and "What's
               | The Matter With Kansas?", attempting to understand
               | conservatives from a liberal point of view. I can't think
               | of anything comparable on the right. Progressives seem to
               | me desperate to understand and cater to conservatives,
               | and it feels like the only thing conservatives want is to
               | make my life harder.
               | 
               | It could very well be that I'm just not listening hard
               | enough. That seems to be the response every time liberals
               | lose elections: "understand harder", because the problem
               | is with me. But I'm starting to think that maybe I do
               | understand: they don't want anything from me except
               | someone to be angry at, and whatever despair they're
               | undergoing is more about the deliberate induction of that
               | despair than anything I actually do.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | >>And having elected Trump, what did they get aside from
               | triggering the libs?
               | 
               | Just top of my head:
               | 
               |  _Well, there is an argument to be made from purely
               | economical perspective, avg. earner did see some
               | improvement. Regardless of whether you think tax cuts
               | were a good idea, Trump tax cuts did have intended
               | effects ( even though they also added to an ever
               | increasing deficit ).
               | 
               | _ He did pull out of JCPOA, which some of his electorate
               | actually wanted for various reasons.
               | 
               | I maintain that listening is important. I would argue
               | that understanding is more than important. You want an
               | absolution and an easy answer of 'they are just assholes
               | so I can be an asshole back', but it is not that easy.
               | The people you dismiss have rationale for what they do.
               | And now that you know this, you have no excuse but to act
               | on that knowledge. Or, at least, use it to your
               | advantage.
        
               | nindalf wrote:
               | > He did pull out of JCPOA, which some of his electorate
               | actually wanted for various reasons
               | 
               | How's that worked out for them? People in Appalachia
               | feeling pleased about the pain inflicted on the Iranian
               | people? Or are they pleased that Iran stopped adhering to
               | the deal and have resumed uranium enrichment? Or are they
               | pleased about Iran's expanding influence in the Middle
               | East?
               | 
               | It doesn't take much to to give people what they want.
               | Pulling out of the JCPOA took only a couple of days. But
               | it was not a good decision, and the fallout wasn't felt
               | by the people who pushed for it.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | That is on me. The example here was more intended to show
               | that IAPAC got what it wanted out of Trump presidency.
               | 
               | You are correct to point out that people of Appallachia
               | did not get anything of value out of that exchange.
               | 
               | Since that is the case, would you accept Keystone
               | Pipeline ( https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/trump-
               | administration-app... ), which was approved and,
               | arguably, allowed for a lowering of energy cost across
               | US?
               | 
               | < It doesn't take much to to give people what they want.
               | 
               | I do disagree with that statement. This is the hardest
               | thing in politics.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | You're absolutely correct that some of what I want is to
               | make my own life easier and be lazy, but there's also a
               | political calculus. Almost anything I do to cater to them
               | helps split my own political coalition.
               | 
               | One possible way to look at 2016 is that the left wing of
               | the Democratic party felt taken advantage of. The party
               | put forth a centrist candidate (after 8 years of a
               | President who wasn't nearly as progressive as they'd
               | hoped). There was little enthusiasm, while the people
               | you've asked me to understand voted for a candidate who
               | was obviously awful in many ways.
               | 
               | So the political calculus can say, "It doesn't matter
               | what they want. You can't reach them, as evidenced by
               | their willingness to vote for such a terrible candidate.
               | I need instead to lean in the exact opposite direction,
               | doing things that they hate vocally, because they can't
               | vote against me any harder than they already do."
               | 
               | That's my excuse to not act on that knowledge. I have
               | only so many actions I can take, and I will spend them in
               | the way that does the most good.
               | 
               | Note that I'm not committed to that, merely explaining
               | the view as being something other than "they're assholes
               | so I can be an asshole back". But I do believe that the
               | time has come to consider making them chase me rather
               | than the other way around.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | _Progressives seem to me desperate to understand and
               | cater to conservatives_
               | 
               | Huh? Do you have any examples of this?
               | 
               | I think you might be generalizing too much what it means
               | to be liberal and don't really understand who is or isn't
               | progressive, even in the context of the US.
               | 
               | It sounds like by liberals, you are referring to the
               | Democratic party at large. You have to understand, the
               | Democratic party at large is barely liberal and nowhere
               | near progressive. Outside of a small number of
               | progressive politicians, they're perfectly fine to waste
               | a majority in DC doing very little because the same
               | corporate interests that back conservatives also back
               | them. They behave like controlled opposition. You can do
               | your part to vote for someone who truly is progressive in
               | a primary election.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | You're correct: I conflated liberals, progressives, and
               | Democrats. There are definitely important distinctions,
               | but I conflated them as all being roughly on the same
               | side when it comes to politics and dealing with the
               | opposition party.
               | 
               | As for "examples", take a look at those two books I
               | mentioned. There are many more books, and many op-ed
               | pieces every time Democrats lose elections.
               | 
               | It's only relatively recently that the more progressive
               | wing of the party has said, "Hey, rather than try to bend
               | over backwards to attract moderate conservatives, how
               | about you garner more enthusiasm from your left wing?" Or
               | at least, they've been saying it for a while, but were
               | generally dismissed. I think 2016 made the proposition
               | more thinkable: if they will vote for the Republican
               | candidate even if he's obviously insane, maybe a new
               | approach is needed.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | FYI, progressives did not write the books you mentioned,
               | so they aren't good examples of showing how "
               | _Progressives seem to me desperate to understand and
               | cater to conservatives_ ".
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | You're correct. I should have said "Democrats", who are
               | the party most closely aligned with progressives and the
               | more progressive of the two parties, but not really very
               | progressive. These books are written targeting centrist
               | Democrats.
        
               | nindalf wrote:
               | > Liberals every time liberals lose elections:
               | "understand harder", because the problem is with me.
               | 
               | Conservatives every time liberals win elections: "let's
               | make voting harder", because the problem is still with
               | liberals.
        
               | nindalf wrote:
               | > the question of choice, mandates and so on in regards
               | to government imposing choices upon you.
               | 
               | The government isn't imposing these requirements
               | arbitrarily, it's your fellow citizens imposing it
               | through the mechanism of government. For example, Big
               | Government will outlaw and penalise littering not for the
               | sake of it, but because that's what citizens want from
               | their democratically elected government.
               | 
               | And as a citizen who fully supports restrictions in
               | response to a pandemic - IMO the government can't require
               | you to get vaccinated. But you can't demand to be allowed
               | into nightclubs and cruise ships while unvaccinated.
               | Fair?
               | 
               | > And yet, it is still a better option than benevolent
               | dictator, monarchy or some sort of theocracy.
               | 
               | I didn't argue against democracy. I argued against
               | putting the population on a pedestal. It's ok to
               | criticise people's beliefs. And it continues to be ok
               | even if those beliefs are held by a large group of
               | people. If a large group of people think that vaccines
               | cause 5G ... I don't think we should coddle them and
               | think about it from their perspective and accommodate
               | their idiocy just because they have plenty of company.
               | Let's create rules so the damage they do is minimized.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | > I didn't argue against democracy. I argued against
               | putting the population on a pedestal.
               | 
               | Please note that democracy literally is the rule of the
               | people. You simply cannot state that you are not arguing
               | against democracy and in next breath say that people
               | should not be on its pedestal, because, theoretically,
               | people are its ruling class. If it is a democracy, people
               | are on its pedestal. That is the main weakness of
               | democracy. People, as a whole, are idiots.
               | 
               | Your issue appears to be with commonly held beliefs that
               | are not your beliefs. But that is a very different
               | discussion.
               | 
               | > And as a citizen who fully supports restrictions in
               | response to a pandemic - IMO the government can't require
               | you to get vaccinated. But you can't demand to be allowed
               | into nightclubs and cruise ships while unvaccinated.
               | Fair?
               | 
               | I have zero problem with that statement.
        
               | nindalf wrote:
               | You've misunderstood and mischaracterised my argument.
               | I'm done.
        
               | lloydjones wrote:
               | Excellently put.
        
               | joshuahughes wrote:
               | "In the UK, the lower middle class are (to generalise)
               | materially well-off; they own their own homes, they have
               | a couple of cars, they have large televisions, one
               | partner does not have to work, etc."
               | 
               | I'm glad you added "(to generalise)" in there, because
               | I'd class myself as 'lower middle' and most of my
               | family/friends in a similar bracket absolutely cannot
               | function without both partners working, and a majority
               | are renting rather than buying their home. I'd argue that
               | what you've described is only true of those OLDER lower
               | middle class folks (like my parents) who struck it lucky
               | before the housing market lost its mind.
               | 
               | The only reason I personally fit into your description
               | (well, I only have one car) is that I was lucky to find
               | my way into the software industry which pays a heck of a
               | lot better than most...
        
               | barbarbar wrote:
               | The last part of this comment is very well written.
               | Actually the whole comment is. Having said that there are
               | a lot of EU that is... Well crazy but what was before was
               | not really good either.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | Hasn't the UK's energy availability basically collapsed?
               | I keep an eye on the basic stats [0] and it looked like
               | the situation was pretty grim leading up to Brexit.
               | 
               | Someone is really hurting. Either production is
               | collapsing and people are losing good jobs, or it is
               | directly going to result in household pain.
               | 
               | I suppose it would surprise me if 20% of a country's
               | electricity can disappear, almost half its primary energy
               | production is gone, the population grows by 10% and
               | everyone is cheerful. It looks like a situation ripe for
               | rage, tension and people asking angry questions.
               | 
               | This is basically the pigeonhole principle at work. If
               | energy availability is going down and population is
               | rising, someone is going to be developing some
               | _profoundly_ anti-migrant views.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_Ki
               | ngdom
        
               | cranekam wrote:
               | Can you explain what "energy availability" means in this
               | context? My family lives in the UK and the lights work
               | and the gad flows. Prices increase over time (above
               | inflation, IIRC) but it still works, so I assume you're
               | referring to some other meaning I don't yet know about.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | The amount of energy is lower - the UK is producing much
               | less, electricity use has declined and (although it isn't
               | strictly certain) that is suggestive evidence that if you
               | tallied up all the Joules consumed in the UK then there
               | are less of them in 2016 than 2010.
               | 
               | If there are less Joules and more people, some people
               | must - by mathematical necessity - be consuming less of
               | them. If your family can still afford to consume the same
               | amount then maybe someone else on the margins is really
               | being pushed.
               | 
               | That is a pretty decent reason for why a large number of
               | people might be getting desperate for political change.
               | It is a stronger explanation than some variant of the
               | more common "maybe they are just really confused and/or
               | hateful and/or unexpectedly stupid". People don't read
               | economic stats but they'll notice if 20% of their
               | electricity goes away.
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | I live in the UK, and I don't think energy has anything
               | to do with it. We're producing less electricity because
               | we're consuming less electrcity, which is mostly due to
               | more energy efficient appliances and decreasing
               | industrial usage isn't impacting lifestyles.
               | 
               | If you want to point to something, I'd look towards
               | massively inflated house prices (almost 10x over 30 years
               | in some places), and stagnating real wages.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | Electricity usage as a metric for wealth is such a XX-
               | century construct... I have no idea why you would still
               | use something like that in a world where Climate Change
               | has been socially accepted as fact.
               | 
               | The UK temporarily _outlawed_ older-generation
               | lightbulbs, as well as putting in place a number of
               | measures to reduce energy use. Even Conservatives,
               | historically the party of industry, are now heavily
               | committed towards energy-efficiency measures of all sorts
               | (sometimes excessively so, like the push for those
               | terrible heat pumps).
               | 
               | A decline in energy consumption is a _good thing_ and is
               | absolutely not impacting standards of living in any way
               | in UK society. The reasons for discontent are many, for
               | sure, but not related to energy use in any way. The main
               | issue really is wage stagnation (and hence, availability
               | of time) for the working classes.
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | The numbers look like a combination of increased import
               | of electricity and move away from lower efficiency
               | thermal cycles for electricity production (primary energy
               | use is the thermal energy before going through the heat
               | engine; replacement of coal and nuclear with gas and wind
               | would reduce primary energy use even if electricity
               | production were unchanged.)
        
             | GekkePrutser wrote:
             | > I know nothing about Hungary. But I am quite confident
             | that a happy, well organised society labouring under the
             | grip of sound economic policies tends not to radicalise
             | very easily.
             | 
             | I've travelled a lot in Eastern Europe and I think I know
             | where this is coming from.
             | 
             | When communism fell, people rejoiced in joining the EU and
             | getting all the benefits of a free society. However what
             | really happened was that those spoils went to the people
             | who were desirable employees. Meaning mainly the young (and
             | those happy few with money or connections). Meanwhile the
             | old communist cronies stayed in power and simply became
             | capitalist oligarchs.
             | 
             | On the other side, older people's built up state pensions
             | were cut or removed due to their jobs being privatised to
             | shady agencies owned by these ex-government oligarchs. An
             | easy way to cheat them out of their benefits they worked
             | for. For all its failures, communism did provide them with
             | a sense of continuity and job security that is now lost.
             | 
             | As a result there is now a strong separation between those
             | with opportunities and those without. The haves and have
             | nots. The older people have been abandoned. Of course these
             | people tend to have traditional values and this is what
             | people like Orban target.
             | 
             | I don't think Orban will really make things better for
             | them, he is just a populist seeing a niche to take
             | advantage of. But the disillusionment is real and very
             | clear to me. I've spoken to some well educated poor people
             | that were just too old to be of interest to capitalist
             | companies. And thus ending up living in an apartment with
             | plastic bags for windows (in -20 degrees C). I spoke to a
             | very well educated school teacher who was begging on the
             | street to pay for her husband's cancer treatment. She
             | wasn't one to fall for these populists as she was way too
             | sharp. But I was shocked how society has let an entire
             | class of hard-working people just drop away into
             | insignificance. In Western Europe we have built a balance
             | between capitalism and welfare, but in Eastern Europe they
             | moved straight to a caricature of hard neoliberalism. It
             | caused a big culture shock and left a whole class of people
             | behind.
             | 
             | We (as the EU) have let this happen by letting these states
             | change their industries to capitalism overnight without
             | setting up a proper welfare system. This will not go away
             | until we find a way to give everyone a decent life in these
             | countries. For some people the EU has been nothing but
             | broken promises. Of course that's a breeding ground for
             | dissent and populism.
        
               | doctorbaum wrote:
               | I'll just add that in Israel there is a similar problem
               | with older immigrants from the former USSR (a big wave of
               | them came to Israel just after the USSR imploding), where
               | they don't have any meaningful pensions saved up.
        
               | GekkePrutser wrote:
               | The people I speak of weren't immigrants though. They
               | were just abandoned in their own countries.
        
               | krzyk wrote:
               | > but in Eastern Europe they moved straight to a
               | caricature of hard neoliberalism
               | 
               | Please don't generalise. Have you been to Czech Republic
               | or Poland? There are no such neoliberalisms (I would say
               | same about Hungary, but considering Orban, I'm not sure,
               | I haven't been there)
               | 
               | We have good welfare and educated people don't beg on
               | streets, not to mention plastic bags on windows.
               | 
               | Your description looks more like one for Ukraine.
        
               | GekkePrutser wrote:
               | I was in Romania primarily, many times. Have been to
               | Poland a couple of times, but indeed I haven't seen this
               | there. Sorry I was indeed extrapolating my experience in
               | Romania to other countries. I assumed this happened in
               | more countries.
               | 
               | The plastic bags on windows were really common though.
               | There was a really poor apartment block just beside the
               | office and I always felt so guilty looking at it. From
               | the well heated office with free coffee.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | Poland, welfare? :-D
               | 
               | As for neoliberalism: in Poland the usual way of
               | employment, called "umowa o dzielo", gives the employee
               | pretty much no rights whatsoever. It's almost as bad as
               | in the US in that matter, and not comparable at all to
               | Western Europe.
        
               | krzyk wrote:
               | I have never worked using that "way", always the normal
               | one.
               | 
               | What you describe is used by firms that you can smell a
               | mile away and don't even try to work there.
               | 
               | I'm sure western Europe has similar companies that abuse
               | employer rights.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | In the field of software development, in Poland, this is
               | the normal one.
               | 
               | Also, note that this is not an abuse of employer's
               | rights: that's precisely how "umowa o dzielo" is supposed
               | to work. That's one example of prevalent neoliberalism.
        
               | krzyk wrote:
               | No one in my or my wifes family works in any other
               | formnof emoloyment. And believe me they are not software
               | developers.
               | 
               | Yes, that's not a good proof, but you also did not
               | present any sources.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | It's a bit hard to find something on this in English; if
               | you can read Polish there's plenty, eg
               | https://biznes.interia.pl/praca/news-2030-proc-
               | zatrudnionych...
        
               | ptsneves wrote:
               | I am not a Pole, but live in Poland. Umowa o dzielo is
               | quite pervasive but this is not a problem specific to
               | Poland. Portugal, my home country has the same problems
               | just the thing is a different name. The translation would
               | be contractor. As a contractor you obviously have no
               | rights, even so i think this is not the equivalent of US
               | employment.
               | 
               | In both countries the governments are trying to make it
               | quite hard to have people with Umowa o dzielo, which are
               | de-facto employees, but do not pay the appropriate taxes
               | nor are corrrectly protected. The employers also have
               | some reason to do this, the protections offered to the
               | employees often make it a very big risk to hire somebody.
               | Regardless, i believe the southern European countries got
               | it much worse on that front. (Note, the Polish social
               | security model was heavily influenced by the spanish
               | one).
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | The difference is, in Poland "umowa o dzielo" isn't hard:
               | if anything it's easier than normal employment, because
               | you don't have to care about things like ZUS, and it's
               | much cheaper (in terms of labour costs).
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | It's not just whether peoples' lives improved. It's also
               | how much they _expected_ their lives to improve. If
               | capitalism made life 10% better, that 's good. If they
               | expected capitalism to make life 500% better, then 10%
               | isn't so good. And if they look around and see people
               | whose lives are now 500% better, then the resentment is
               | pretty natural.
               | 
               | It's not just that we (the EU, or even the West) let them
               | switch to capitalism without a proper welfare system. We
               | let them without giving them a government that knew how
               | to run a capitalist country (because we didn't give them
               | a government at all). But we let them have the
               | _expectations_ of a functioning Western government,
               | instead of the expectations of a transitioning country
               | that didn 't really know how to do either democracy or
               | capitalism.
               | 
               | It worked out pretty well for Germany and Japan to be
               | conquered, and have the US spend a decade showing them
               | how to do both democracy and capitalism. Just saying
               | "Welcome to capitalism and democracy! Glad you're here!"
               | turns out not so well. (The problem, of course, is that
               | when you aren't a conqueror, the country doesn't want you
               | to run it. And when you're fighting against the "evil
               | colonialists" meme _anyway_ , taking over is a really bad
               | look, whether or not the results would be better in the
               | long run.)
        
       | gypsyharlot wrote:
       | When you don't do the EU's bidding, their propaganda machinery
       | will work so hard that even Goebbels would be impressed. Then
       | comes the sanctions and other bullying approaches to force your
       | ways. God I hope more countries follow the UK and leave the
       | world's fattest bureaucracy.
        
       | xiphias2 wrote:
       | Orban used EU money to take total control of the country (media,
       | poor voters). If EU lets China come into Hungary, it will
       | backfire for the whole EU in my opinion.
        
         | bkovacev wrote:
         | China has already targeted Serbia and Montenegro -
         | infrastructure mainly. I can't find the source now, but I have
         | heard they already started investing in Hungary.
        
           | chpatrick wrote:
           | Orban wants to build a massive Chinese university campus in
           | Budapest, with a loan from China.
           | 
           | https://telex.hu/english/2021/04/22/hungary-china-fudan-
           | univ...
        
           | erk__ wrote:
           | A good example of that is the Fudan university campus
           | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-57372653
        
         | Dah00n wrote:
         | I don't know much about Hungary so could you provide a reason
         | why it is bad "if EU lets China come into Hungary"? Unless it
         | is because China Bad, then I'm not interested, but I'm hoping
         | for something more interesting than that. Personally I would
         | hate to see EU close in on itself and so it needs to align with
         | outsiders. China seems just as good a partner as the other big
         | markets to me.
        
           | crossroadsguy wrote:
           | You want someone to explain to you why a certain wine tastes
           | nice but you've added a condition that the explanation must
           | not include the most fundamental nature of its taste.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | Is your point that "bad" is as essential and fundamental
             | property to China as taste is to wine?
        
         | raverbashing wrote:
         | Cue the Orbanites saying how the EU wants to interfere in
         | "matters of their country"
         | 
         | This (and the events of January 6th) are a good reminder that
         | the law is worth the paper it's printed on if no one acts on
         | it.
        
       | freakynit wrote:
       | Fuc** dictator assholes. Screwing up the world and everyone
       | living in it.
        
       | freakynit wrote:
       | Fuc** inhumane dictators. Screwing up the world and everyone
       | living in it.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Where is this list of phone numbers? I want to check if my
       | numbers on it or anyone I know...
        
       | germandiago wrote:
       | I came to the conclusion that politicians are a big problem. Not
       | sure we can get rid of them but they are.
       | 
       | FWIW I just see them use the money of others for their own
       | purposes coactively and provoke a lot of polarization. Many times
       | with bad intention for selfish interests. I am talking about ALL
       | of them.
       | 
       | I think people should be able (Hungarian case at hand) to choose
       | whether they want certain contents to be taught at certain age
       | for their kids. No matter which ones. It should be a free to
       | choose thing.
       | 
       | The minimum stuff we must all agree upon should be not killing,
       | discriminating, etc. in legal terms. But when you try to force
       | people to like or dislike something, instead of respecting others
       | (whether they like or not other people ideas) then you have this
       | highly polarized environment because you will always find the
       | other half resisting, since it is imposed contents highly
       | ideological.
       | 
       | I think that things could be way better with fewer of these
       | people.
        
       | mola wrote:
       | All of Netanyahu's allies in the world seem to have profited from
       | this relationship by obtaining military grade surveillance
       | inorder to suppress human rights of journalists and opposition.
       | 
       | This is Netanyahu's legacy, a proto dictator, arming dictators.
       | 
       | I'm convince pegasus was used against Israeli journalists,
       | opposition leaders and law enforcement officials. Too bad our
       | political system is still under his thumb and doesn't shed light
       | on this crap even now that he's no longer PM.
        
         | joelbluminator wrote:
         | Hungary aside, most of Israel's allies in the region are
         | dictatorships, actaully all of them: Egypt, Jordan, UAE, Saudi
         | Arabia, Morocco (arguably, let's agree it's not a liberal
         | democracy) and so on and so on. There are zero democracies in
         | the area. So it's easy to see Israel's interest in supplying
         | technology to those regimes and assuring good relations; it's
         | not like the oppositions to these dictators are any better, the
         | Muslim Brotherhood is appalling. Now Hungary isn't really
         | important to Israel and is part of the EU, may have been wiser
         | to not do that.
         | 
         | > This is Netanyahu's legacy, a proto dictator, arming
         | dictators.
         | 
         | Isn't the U.S selling arms to Saudi Arabia?
        
           | mola wrote:
           | In the area, I agree. But Netanyahu chose to spurn democratic
           | European allies and allign Israel with Hungary and Poland.
           | Basically he made western Europe an enemy of Israel because
           | he chose settlements over a peace process, to alleviate the
           | foreign pressure he alligned Israel with Hungary and Poland,
           | also helping Russia with its cold European conflict.
           | 
           | > Isn't the U.S selling arms to Saudi Arabia?
           | 
           | How's that relevant? If you're fishing for hypocrisy, be
           | assured I dislike the US take on democracy and it's leaders
           | of late no less than Netanyahu.
           | 
           | But At least the US has a constitution, checks and balances.
           | And a tradition of freedom and democracy. Israel has a
           | growing population, the parts that grow are mostly lacking
           | any sense of democratic values or tradition. Guess which
           | electorate Netanyahu spurned and which he focused his
           | Messiyah propaganda on.
        
             | joelbluminator wrote:
             | I'm not fishing for hypocrisy, that's quite a strong word.
             | But there is some bias I'm sensing here. You would probably
             | never say "Obama's legacy is arming dictators" though it's
             | part of his legacy for sure. Merkel's as well.
             | 
             | > And a tradition of freedom and democracy
             | 
             | The U.S was a de facto apartheid state until the 60s. The
             | UK castrated gays up until quite recently. Liberal
             | democracy as we know it today is quite new. I'm not a
             | Netanyahu fan, quite far from it, but bias is bias.
        
               | mromanuk wrote:
               | And don't forget all the coups the US has forged in Latam
               | and Africa, the first years of the patriot act (NSA
               | spying on citizens), putting kids in cages, et cetera.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | US and UK policy isn't at all confused about that -
               | Israel couldn't operate the way it does without our
               | support and direct subsidy. Both countries also use
               | Israeli crowd control and intelligence tech on their
               | domestic populations, just like all of those Sunni royal
               | families attacking their Shia populations. It's only the
               | West Wing fans that are confused about how their country
               | works.
        
               | joelbluminator wrote:
               | Thanks for the support btw :)
        
           | andrepd wrote:
           | > So it's easy to see Israel's interest in supplying
           | technology to those regimes and assuring good relations;
           | 
           | It's easy to see that it's in my interest to kill a woman on
           | an unlit street and nick her purse. What kind of argument is
           | this??
           | 
           | It's especially aggravating since so much propaganda comes
           | out touting Israel as a democracy and decrying the savage
           | Palestinians for being a dictatorship.
        
             | yuvalr1 wrote:
             | But Israel is a democracy and the Palestinians didn't have
             | elections for 15 years already. These are facts, not
             | propaganda.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | But apparently they (Nethanyahu and co) do not have
               | problems with supporting dictatorships where it suits
               | them, nor of subverting their own democracy. That is the
               | point I'm making.
        
             | joelbluminator wrote:
             | It's probably not in your interest since you'd go to jail
             | and the whole metaphor seems quite simplistic to me. Since
             | you seem to be talking about ethics, not interests, If
             | Israel supports Egypt's El-Sisi is that immoral? Yes he is
             | a despot, but the opposition is worse. Same can be said
             | about Israel's support to the Palestinian Authority. It's
             | quite difficult to know what the right thing to do is.
             | Israel wants good relation with these countries for obvious
             | reasons.
        
               | ashtonkem wrote:
               | > Yes he is a despot, but the opposition is worse.
               | 
               | This is the exact mental process that has brought most
               | dictators into power.
        
               | joelbluminator wrote:
               | It's either a true statement in the general case of that
               | region of the middle east or it isn't. I'm not sure what
               | you're trying to argue.
        
               | ashtonkem wrote:
               | 1) It's a false dichotomy. There are more paths forward
               | other than "tolerate <ally>'s misbehavior" and "let
               | <perceived threat> control the region". The fact that
               | this line is used by those who want more power should
               | make anyone wary.
               | 
               | 2) Tolerating the gross misbehavior of one state or
               | leader because you perceive them as a bulwark against
               | other worse leaders is an extremely foolish course. Not
               | only does it expose ones ideals as being hollow and
               | situational, but it often creates new problems that must
               | be contained later.
        
               | cmmeur01 wrote:
               | They support who they can control, that's it.
               | 
               | Nothing to do with them thinking one is better for the
               | citizens living under their selected rulers control.
               | 
               | Israel doesn't care about half the people within its
               | borders. Saying they choose who to support based on how
               | that person will treat their citizens is laughable.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | joelbluminator wrote:
               | > They support who they can control, that's it.
               | 
               | Or they support who won't try to destroy them, see - I
               | said it in a non demonizing way.
               | 
               | > Saying they choose who to support based on how that
               | person will treat their citizens is laughable
               | 
               | I wasn't saying that. I was just saying, at least in the
               | case of Egypt, Jordan and Saudi Arabia (and also the
               | Palestinian Authority), it's not clear at all that
               | selling them tech/arms is immoral.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > Yes he is a despot, but the opposition is worse.
               | 
               | As long as you're just willing to make things up,
               | everything is justifiable.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > Isn't the U.S selling arms to Saudi Arabia?
           | 
           | The US and UK sell arms to all of these countries. That's not
           | a good sign; the US even directly subsidizes the military and
           | police of some of them. We like dictatorships that make our
           | political donors money.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | I'd argue that we like dictatorships that align with our
             | strategic interests. Raytheon doesn't really care who we
             | sell arms to, as long as they get sold. The politicians
             | want to back anyone that'll push back against our mortal
             | enemy <strike>the USSR</strike> Iran.
        
           | dogorman wrote:
           | > _Hungary aside, most of Israel 's allies in the region are
           | dictatorships_
           | 
           | Not just in the region. In the 1970s, Israel worked with
           | apartheid South Africa to develop nuclear weapons. South
           | Africa has subsequently been disarmed, but Israel has not
           | been.
           | 
           | Incidentally, in 1963 JFK was trying to stop Israel's nuclear
           | weapons program because American intelligence had failed to
           | turn up any evidence that other countries in the region were
           | pursuing the same. In a letter to Ben-Gurion, JFK wrote:
           | 
           | > _" I can well appreciate your concern for developments in
           | the UAR. But I see no present or imminent nuclear threat to
           | Israel from there. I am assured that our intelligence on this
           | question is good and that the Egyptians do not presently have
           | any installation comparable to Dimona, nor any facilities
           | potentially capable of nuclear weapons production. But, of
           | course, if you have information that would support a contrary
           | conclusion, I should like to receive it from you through
           | Ambassador Barbour. We have the capacity to check it."_
           | 
           | Egypt never developed nuclear weapons.
        
             | joelbluminator wrote:
             | Well times changed, Iran is very close to nuclear weapons
        
               | speeder wrote:
               | in response to Israel developing them first...
               | 
               | So I guess strategically for Israel, making nukes was a
               | mistake.
        
           | himinlomax wrote:
           | > There are zero democracies in the area
           | 
           | Lebanon used to be more democratic; Iran was democratic at
           | one point. What happened to Mossadegh?
        
             | joelbluminator wrote:
             | Neither of them was democratic as in liberal, free press,
             | human rights etc etc. Iran afaik was a full blown
             | dictatorship before the islamic revolution (it's still a
             | dictatorship, but different), Lebanon's history is more
             | complicated but I stand by my view that it was never a
             | liberal democracy, definitely not in the last 40 years.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | >Iran afaik was a full blown dictatorship before the
               | islamic revolution
               | 
               | Yes, but he was talking about before that wasn't he? Iran
               | was a democracy (flawed, but still) before the US-UK
               | alliance overthrew the parliamentary system and installed
               | a puppet dictator, to keep stealing their oil.
        
               | joelbluminator wrote:
               | I'm no expert on the history of Iran, but no, it doesn't
               | seem it ever was (Most countries in the region ever were
               | or are one now). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_righ
               | ts_in_the_Imperial_S...
               | 
               | "The reign of Reza Shah was totalitarian and dictatorial
               | at a time when totalitarian governments and dictatorships
               | were common in the Middle East and the world[8] and the
               | Universal Declaration of Human Rights was some years in
               | the future."
        
               | rjsw wrote:
               | It was more of a democracy before the 1953 coup [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%
               | C3%A9ta...
        
               | joelbluminator wrote:
               | OK, it was more of a democracy at that time I agree. That
               | was 70 years ago.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | Again, you've got the wrong time period.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | For the 3rd time, I'm talking about the regime that was
               | overthrown to put in the Shah Reza Pahlavi...
        
               | joelbluminator wrote:
               | You could be right, I will read up on that. But again,
               | you are pointing to a very specific point in history,
               | that was an exception to the rule.
        
             | yyyk wrote:
             | >Lebanon used to be more democratic.
             | 
             | Lebanon used to be a state. More democratic? Perhaps.
             | 
             | >What happened to Mossadegh?
             | 
             | One of the first things Mossadegh did was to suspend
             | elections because the opposition was winning too much.
        
       | iamnotwhoiam wrote:
       | Does anyone have any idea how Pegasus actually works? I haven't
       | found any teardowns or even a clear description of what the
       | iMessage says.
       | 
       | This is some kind of code injection attack that can go through a
       | text message?
        
         | est31 wrote:
         | From my understanding, the attack can happen through multiple
         | ways. Companies like NSO purchase vulnerabilities for this step
         | and probably have a set of them on their disposal, ready to
         | deploy ones as they get discovered. Pegasus is the rootkit
         | which is installed once the attack is successful, and allows
         | spying on the user.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegasus_(spyware)
        
         | fulafel wrote:
         | Pegasus is a name for their attack repertoire of the day plus
         | whatever next stage payloads are run upon a successful
         | compromise.
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | The iMessage exploit sounds like a Null terminated string
         | issue.
         | 
         | The rest of it sounds like a Metasploit-esque framework along
         | with some telemetry tools.
        
         | nuker wrote:
         | iOS iMessage bugs parsing images, I recall
        
           | deregulateMed wrote:
           | From the Amnesty report shown by another commentator, there
           | were a bunch of compromised Apple services.
        
         | abhiminator wrote:
         | This article from Amnesty International's Security Lab is a
         | good primer on the attack vector used by the Pegasus exploit
         | 
         | https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2021/07/forensic-...
        
       | janjones wrote:
       | Here is a technical report about the exploits:
       | https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2021/07/forensic-...
        
         | deregulateMed wrote:
         | Holy shit, there's literally a dozen of Apple products
         | exploited.
         | 
         | It's not a single "Apple music exploit", it's dozens of
         | separate services. Music, messenger, safari, iOS, etc...
         | 
         | I never want to hear Apple cares about security again.
         | 
         | I could forgive 1 mistake, but this seems like negligence.
         | (Don't put me down as a defender of MS or Android, but at least
         | they don't use "Security" in their marketing)
        
           | t-c-h wrote:
           | If you would have actually read the report, you would have
           | known the attacks are not specifically device or mobile OS
           | bound. They simply say that iOS leaves behind more useable
           | traces.
           | 
           | From paragraph 10:                 Much of the targeting
           | outlined in this report involves Pegasus attacks targeting
           | iOS devices. It is important to note that this does not
           | necessarily reflect the relative security of iOS devices
           | compared to Android devices, or other operating systems and
           | phone manufacturers. In Amnesty International's experience
           | there are significantly more forensic traces accessible to
           | investigators on Apple iOS devices than on stock Android
           | devices, therefore our methodology is focused on the former.
           | As a result, most recent cases of confirmed Pegasus
           | infections have involved iPhones.
        
             | deregulateMed wrote:
             | The article doesn't mention android again.
             | 
             | And I'm not even defending android, I'm attacking Apples
             | unethical marketing practices of claiming security and
             | privacy, but failing.
        
           | ohashi wrote:
           | That seems dramatic. It's a billion dollar ex-spy run company
           | catering towards governments with seemingly no ethics. No
           | offense to Apple but this is near state level actor as a
           | threat and with enough motivation ($$$$$$$$) they will find
           | ways to exploit Apple's software no matter what.
        
             | deregulateMed wrote:
             | Sure, but their marketing still claims security.
        
               | hu3 wrote:
               | That's what happens when Apple pays 100k for a critical
               | bug bounty and governments pay millions for the same bug
               | exploit.
        
               | deregulateMed wrote:
               | And closed sourced projects.
               | 
               | And marketing prioritized over quality
        
       | zsellera wrote:
       | So far Orban's regime is the only eu/western government involved
       | in this scandal. I see that no surprise.
       | 
       | There is no need of official government approval to conduct such
       | surveillance. It's enough to have weak access contol to such
       | technologies, political roles within the agencies, and poor work
       | ethics in civil servants: there alway will be someone with will
       | and motive to act in favor of the system, off the record. Orban
       | deliberately shaped the government this way.
        
       | giorgioz wrote:
       | Found this article/podcast about how to protect itself a bit more
       | more Pegasus: https://threatpost.com/protecting-phones-from-
       | pegasus-like-s...
       | 
       | Isn't Android and iOS supposed to investigate what's the security
       | vulnerability that allows the remote hacking through SMS and
       | patch it?
        
         | ignoramous wrote:
         | That's a PR piece by an upstart that sells MDM (mobile device
         | management) suite to enterprises. There are many entrenched
         | MDMs that can very well do as much, if not more.
        
       | re-al wrote:
       | "Pegasus takes advantage of so-called zero-day vulnerabilities of
       | software running on mobile phones, meaning built-in flaws that
       | not even developers and manufacturers are aware of."
       | 
       | Vulnerabilities, eh - 'flaws'?
       | 
       | Or backdoors there by design?
       | 
       | What's in a name?
        
       | immmmmm wrote:
       | a friend of mine had written an interesting piece of
       | investigation journalism on this topic
       | 
       | https://medium.com/@maribst
        
       | NiceWayToDoIT wrote:
       | I perceive this as an example why allowing privacy violation for
       | one group for the "sake of greater good" does not work. Usually
       | the same tools will be used with oppressive regimes. In the
       | beginning it will start with pretext that "we are using this
       | tools to find terrorists, pedophiles and protect children" but
       | more often it will end up prosecuting journalist, silencing
       | whistleblowers and undermining political opponents creating
       | perpetual state of oppression and corruption.
        
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