[HN Gopher] A plan to rescue the Web from the Internet (2017)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A plan to rescue the Web from the Internet (2017)
        
       Author : freediver
       Score  : 65 points
       Date   : 2021-07-18 20:08 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (staltz.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (staltz.com)
        
       | PragmaticPulp wrote:
       | It's hard to pinpoint a cohesive thesis in this long, winding
       | article. It's a mix of explanations about how the internet works
       | (IP addresses, undersea cables) and talking about the scale of
       | Facebook, Instagram, and other big tech companies. The author is
       | concerned that too many internet users choose to use big tech
       | websites, which he suggests is a threat to the open internet:
       | 
       | > Those are large enough numbers to admit that the open Web is
       | already rather irrelevant to Zuckerberg's products.
       | 
       | But this claim doesn't make any sense, because with few
       | exceptions people still need the open internet to access
       | Facebook. Is Facebook really stopping any of us from using other
       | parts of the internet? Sure, we can point to Facebook's
       | initiatives to provide free internet access in some countries as
       | a sign that they want to control some of the internet, but it's
       | irrelevant for 99%+ of the population.
       | 
       | As much as I love mesh networks, the idea that we're going to
       | replace the internet with regional mesh networks is a pipe dream.
       | Mesh networks could be fun as a relatively low-bandwidth
       | alternative network, but there is zero incentive for the average
       | consumer or even a tech person to give up their high speed
       | internet access that already does everything they need.
       | 
       | I'm getting tired of these articles that neglect to consider that
       | maybe people who voluntarily choose to use products like Facebook
       | do so because they actually want to. It's becoming a common theme
       | to talk about the general public like sheep who are under the
       | control of evil tech companies, and to pretend that us
       | enlightened tech people need to use our hardware and software
       | skills to stop people from choosing to use websites they enjoy.
       | There are some legitimate concerns around things like privacy and
       | tracking, but the solution isn't to create an alternate internet
       | universe and hope that everyone decides to give up the main
       | internet for this alternate, Facebook-free version of the
       | internet.
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | Do you want a practical approach? Something that will actually
         | APPEAL to people and has a chance of working?
         | 
         | https://qbix.com/blog/2021/01/15/open-source-communities/
        
         | waterproof wrote:
         | +1, I also found it hard to follow the thread here. For
         | instance, they spend a lot of time on IP address scarcity, and
         | then imply - without explaining why - that it has something to
         | do with Facebook or Google's dominance. Is a lack of IP
         | addresses really preventing folks from competing with the
         | giants? No, FB and Google are huge because they provide more
         | value and people want to use them, not because Ello or Ask
         | Jeeves were starved for IP addresses.
        
         | IX-103 wrote:
         | How much of the content on Facebook is indexed by someone other
         | than Facebook and accessible to someone without a Facebook
         | account? How much of it can be archived by a third party?
         | 
         | Content that previously would have been on some personal
         | geocities(?) page on the open web is behind Facebook's wall.
         | Facebook has effectively taken something that was previously
         | open and made it closed.
         | 
         | While I also could not find a coherent solution in the OP, I
         | have to agree with them that the proliferation of closed
         | networks are detrimental to the web as a whole.
        
       | root_axis wrote:
       | I am skeptical of arguments based on MAUs. Just because someone
       | opened up Facebook a few times in the month doesn't mean FB is an
       | important part of their life. People point to these big numbers
       | as if they represent an exhaustive measurement of the internet
       | rather than a minuscule fraction of how the typical individual
       | spends their time online.
        
       | tomrod wrote:
       | > It is hard to imagine how things could be different, yet the
       | incentives for these businesses to exist were artificially
       | erected. It is not fundamentally necessary to have any
       | intermediate company profiting whenever a person reads news from
       | their friends, rents an apartment from a stranger, or orders a
       | ride from a driver.
       | 
       | This has a core flaw. While the service itself may be reasonably
       | priced without the middling service, the information search costs
       | are dramatically reduced.
       | 
       | Couchsurf was a similar service in the mid-2000s for staying at
       | strangers locations. But they were niche (couches) and didn't do
       | much user protection. Along comes AirBnB with a model of services
       | travelers want out of the middling service. Thus is thrives.
       | 
       | This is wholly unconnected to IPv4+NAT
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
       | To me, this seems totally backwards.
       | 
       | The corporate presence on the (web|internet) isn't really taking
       | advantage of IP (or TCP or any other internet transport-ish layer
       | protocol). It's taken over the _web_ , loosely defined as a
       | protocol with HTTP at its core.
       | 
       | Switching away from "the internet" buys you only one thing: for
       | now, most corporate online presence will not follow you. But most
       | of the problems that the author and most other people have with
       | this corporate presence relies only on the HTTP+above aspects of
       | the current web. If we switched the web to run on, I dunno,
       | DECnet, and corporations followed, not a single problem (ok,
       | maybe 2 :) would be solved.
       | 
       | All the chit chat in the article about IPv4 vs IPV6, about NAT,
       | about cable ownership: this is just noise. What's wrong with the
       | web, _if indeed there is actually wrong with the web at all_ does
       | not originate in the internet. How many ways does the author
       | think there will ever be of getting a packet across an ocean? The
       | answer is destined to remain in the low single digits (i.e. a
       | very small number of cables, controlled by _something_ , plus
       | perhaps a couple of satellite routings).
       | 
       | The author identifies NAT as the primary cause of some computers
       | not being "first class citizens" online, but a much more
       | fundamental issue is asymmetrical connections. Your computer can
       | pull data at 100MB/sec, but can only push 5MB/sec ... ergo, it
       | can't sensibly act as a server to any widely popular material.
       | You can consume, you cannot publish (widely popular material),
       | without using someone else's network connection. (This asymmetry
       | is not universal, but is still typical).
       | 
       | The "content-centric" alternative proposed by the author is a
       | nice distributed caching scheme. It's fundamentally a technical
       | detail that is of little actual consequence to anyone, other than
       | any impact it has on apparent performance when accessing
       | information. When I want to read an article that a friend just
       | told me about, I _do not care_ where my computer gets it from, as
       | long as it gets it. We already have this in a totally implicit
       | way, via CDNs. The scheme proposed just makes this explicit, and
       | in so doing adds an entirely new layer to content addressing.
       | Anybody familiar with cache architectures is going to see the
       | kinds of problems this can cause, and the potentially insane
       | levels of complexity required to avoid them.
       | 
       | How about we stop trying to "save the web" at all? How about we
       | recognize that "the old web" continues to exist for those who
       | care (and most do not). How about we recognize that the technical
       | aspects of a distributed, hyperlinked content system are probably
       | not likely to be the best substrate for other kinds of networked
       | communication, and that therefore it doesn't matter if the web
       | cannot "do it all".
        
       | collaborative wrote:
       | I admit to not caring too much about these things. Then Google
       | removed my app without any warning last week (it is now back in
       | the Store)
       | 
       | This has convinced me to move my model to a web-based one
       | 
       | Development is already underway. The scare I got last week fuels
       | my efforts. And WASM is great (and fast!)
        
       | thelandofrandom wrote:
       | I think we have a lot of potential with this in Web 3.0 - the
       | trick - of course is adoption.
        
         | meiraleal wrote:
         | Ironically, the "get rich fast" frenzy with crypto is making a
         | lot of people join the distributed web without thinking about
         | it.
        
       | mrkramer wrote:
       | >While Facebook was growing on the Web, Apple launched the iPhone
       | in 2007, and the world was revolutionized by smartphones after
       | that. Zuckerberg saw the mobile megatrend before many others did,
       | and as early as 2009 there was a Facebook mobile app with
       | explosive growth.
       | 
       | That's not true; Zuckerberg spent a lot of time and resources
       | pursuing HTML5 Facebook app which was meant for all smartphone
       | devices. When he realized HTML5 web app it's not going to work
       | [0] Instagram already emerged and started growing rapidly. That's
       | when he figured out he needs to make native mobile Facebook app
       | and purchase Instagram in order to gain foot in mobile space and
       | in order to eliminate possible competition in social photo
       | industry.
       | 
       | [0] https://techcrunch.com/2012/09/11/mark-zuckerberg-our-
       | bigges...
        
         | bredren wrote:
         | Ya, I'm not sure why Zuck is getting praise for foresight in
         | mobile.
         | 
         | He fought mobile, and left their mobile czar position open for
         | years.
         | 
         | I believe he's even explicitly stated he missed mobile.
        
           | arcturus17 wrote:
           | GP ultimately says exactly the opposite - Zuckerberg may have
           | had different plans for mobile to start with but he reacted
           | swiftly.
           | 
           | How can anyone say he "missed mobile" when he led the biggest
           | mobile play of any software company in the world, leading to
           | a dominant position today? Top analysts like Ben Thomson
           | widely give him credit for it.
           | 
           | If he says he "missed mobile" it's possibly false humility
           | and actual hubris, or he means something completely
           | different.
        
             | GekkePrutser wrote:
             | I think the OP refers to Facebook waiting really long to
             | offer a mobile app. Many others jumped into the gap (I
             | personally used an app called "Friendly for Facebook").
             | 
             | They were indeed really slow to recognise mobile as a
             | worthwhile platform. So long that it would have jeopardised
             | their position if it hadn't already been pretty much
             | invincible.
        
               | arcturus17 wrote:
               | They released a dedicated iOS app on the same month the
               | App Store launched (July 2008), about a year after the
               | first iPhone was launched. They had m.facebook.com
               | (dedicated mobile site) in time for the iPhone launch
               | (Remember when Steve Jobs said web apps were the future?
               | I remember!)
               | 
               | Messenger as a standalone app was released in 2011. They
               | bought Instagram pretty much within two years of birth.
               | 
               | The UX of a lot of the mobile products might not have
               | been good - I don't remember - but all things considered
               | I would say they moved fast on mobile, at both the
               | engineering and strategic levels, and it paid dividends.
        
       | Natales wrote:
       | Looking back at the time this article was written, I used to
       | believe the same things, that people would rise up, mesh networks
       | were going to change the world, and the distributed web was going
       | to change everything.
       | 
       | I ran IPFS nodes, I was on cjdns (Hyperborea network), I joined
       | all alt sites trying to disrupt FB and whatnot (Diaspora,
       | Friendica, Mastodon). I paid a lot more to my ISP to have no
       | bandwidth caps (a key blocker for dweb technologies).
       | 
       | In the end, nobody came. Nobody else cared. The huge time sink
       | that was necessary only to maintain these technologies was eating
       | either on my work or my personal life. I wasn't even capable of
       | convincing family members in 3 countries to use Signal or Wire
       | instead of WhatsApp. So I gave up.
       | 
       | Every once in a while I take a peek into the dweb world, because
       | I just love the technologies, but I see little to no movement.
       | Outside folks like archive.org, few others have serious,
       | production-quality systems based on dweb techs.
       | 
       | When I was a product lead, the most important question was "why".
       | What problems are you trying to solve. And the problems need to
       | be so clear, obvious and powerful that customers would be willing
       | to pay to solve them.
       | 
       | As I see it now, even if the problems described in the article
       | are real, the great majority of people don't care _enough_ to
       | make the effort required to change their habits.
        
         | freediver wrote:
         | > As I see it now, even if the problems described in the
         | article are real, the great majority of people don't care
         | enough to make the effort required to change their habits.
         | 
         | In order for people to care, give them something to care about.
         | 
         | It is hard to expect that an average person would 'care' about
         | IPFS or Mastodon which are unpolished, hard to use
         | technologies. But people care about their iPhones and Instagram
         | accounts. It is our job as technologists to give people
         | something to care about. The measured rate of 'caring' measures
         | our own abilities, not the lack of theirs.
        
         | Nextgrid wrote:
         | > the problems need to be so clear, obvious and powerful that
         | customers would be willing to pay to solve them.
         | 
         | The problems are clear but the _solutions_ need to be clear
         | too. So far many of the alternatives tend to focus more on the
         | _tech_ (decentralized protocols, this or that programming
         | language, etc) than solving the problem. Even worse, sometimes
         | the nature of the tech makes solving the problem more difficult
         | or impossible (decentralized protocols brings a lot of
         | challenges by itself for example).
         | 
         | I made a comment back in the day about my thoughts on Mastodon
         | and similar alternatives:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20317513
        
         | burnt_toast wrote:
         | > the great majority of people don't care enough to make the
         | effort required to change their habits.
         | 
         | I've started to wonder if the web will split for this reason.
         | 
         | Main stream stays on the normal web and techies move to their
         | own. Almost like an end to the Eternal September but really it
         | just feels like everything old is new again.
        
         | meiraleal wrote:
         | Web 3.0 and blockchain technology[1] is doing a great job
         | getting people into dweb. If we remove the "get rich fast" part
         | of it, dApps are doing a great work bringing users to
         | distributed platforms.
         | 
         | 1. https://ipfs.io/
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | I think the approach may be too radical for most users. Perhaps
         | an approach like "embrace, extend, extinguish" might work
         | better.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dsego wrote:
       | 2017
        
       | arcturus17 wrote:
       | This is cool but it doesn't address the elephant in the room:
       | regular folk don't care about any of this, they don't care about
       | the web being more closed and privative or even having some of
       | their rights trampled.
       | 
       | So how do you get them to care? Or how do you offer enough value
       | that they migrate to new systems and protocols?
        
         | enriquto wrote:
         | Millions of people do already care. Why do you want most people
         | to care? Honest question.
         | 
         | It is a really serious concern, even if a majority does not
         | directly think about it. Just like water pollution or
         | fertilizer runoff. Essential stuff, that affects everybody, but
         | there's no real need for everybody to care about it. I don't
         | understand why you paint this as a an elephant in the room to
         | address. Not all battles are won by swinging public opinion.
        
           | arcturus17 wrote:
           | Because what are ideas in technology without adoption?
           | 
           | To your point, arguably not enough people have cared about
           | climate issues for too long... It is only now that pressure
           | is piling up on governments and corporations to change, and
           | arguably it's late and much remains to be done.
           | 
           | Similarly, the trends towards a gated web described in the
           | article continue to grow.
           | 
           | I want more people to care because my rights and those of my
           | loved ones are better protected if enough people care.
           | 
           | I also want people to care because I prefer to develop open
           | web products and services, and the more demand there is for
           | them, the easier designers and developers in the space can
           | make a living.
           | 
           | Why would anyone not want more people to care?
        
         | SimeVidas wrote:
         | Ad blockers are on the rise. DuckDucGo searches are on the
         | rise. All browsers except Chrome are continuously getting
         | better at protecting the user's privacy. Global Privacy Control
         | (GPC) is gaining traction.
         | 
         | I think privacy on the web is already heading in a good
         | direction.
        
           | donkarma wrote:
           | They only care because it's very visible to them
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | _All browsers except Chrome_
           | 
           | You mean Firefox?
           | 
           | That's another problem, the lack of any real browser
           | diversity.
        
             | SimeVidas wrote:
             | Safari, Firefox, Edge, and Samsung Internet are all quite
             | popular.
        
               | sli wrote:
               | Edge and Samsung Internet are both still Chrome.
        
               | SimeVidas wrote:
               | Yes, but Microsoft and Samsung are adding privacy
               | features to their browsers. Specifically, tracking
               | protection. I can't imagine Google adding tracking
               | protection to Chrome. That's the difference.
        
         | LAC-Tech wrote:
         | > regular folk don't care about any of this
         | 
         | Regular people don't care about operating systems, yet many of
         | us are able to have a superior desktop experience by using
         | Linux.
         | 
         | Regular people don't care about fine music, but we're still
         | able to listen to Mussorgsky and are not forced to listen to
         | Ariane Grande.
         | 
         | Regular people don't care enough about technology to sit around
         | discussing it in their spare time, and yet here we are.
         | 
         | There's a lot of things that regular people don't care about.
         | Let's concentrate on making something good, that _enough_
         | people will use, rather than winning a popularity contest.
        
         | rektide wrote:
         | worrying about everyone else is a losers game. worry about
         | yourself & building the healthiest "local" community you can
         | first.
         | 
         | there's a lot of neat little networks that are active, that
         | have a community. even if you are just connecting with other
         | p2p, decentralized, whatever folk, & the whole world hasn't
         | adopted your platform, so what?
         | 
         | open source doesn't have to scale. start with what beautiful
         | ideas you have.
        
         | pictur wrote:
         | What will save the internet will probably be a project like the
         | internet that millions of people can flock to at once. I love
         | these kind of romantic articles, but I think they look at it
         | from a romantic point of view.
        
           | midasuni wrote:
           | Millions didn't flock to the internet at once. People were
           | trash talking Kirk vs Picard in 1987, they were be moaning
           | Eternal September from 1993, in 1996 there was AOL for a few
           | bleeding edge people, but the Internet was useful even with
           | just 30 million people worldwide. even in 2000 the Internet
           | was something Al Gore was waffling on about for the majority
           | of even the western world.
           | 
           | You don't need to reach a billion people to be useful.
           | Wikipedia didn't have a billion users when it was first
           | useful, nor did OSM, or slashdot, or
           | alt.Wesley.crusher.die.die.die
        
       | rektide wrote:
       | the phrasing & core idea is epic. head over heels in love with
       | the idea that the medium, pages made out of resources, is great,
       | but that the transport system is bollocks. a very astute OSI
       | Network Layer observation that i quite like.
       | 
       | it has it's limitations but personally i believe servers
       | generating signed bundles of content that we can transit as we
       | like to each other ameliorates almost all the downside of the
       | current web transport stack. That's happening under the
       | WebPackage work:
       | 
       | https://wicg.github.io/webpackage/draft-yasskin-dispatch-web...
        
       | tannhaeuser wrote:
       | (2017)
       | 
       | Wrt decentralized/p2p networks mentioned in TFA I guess we're a
       | bit more informed (disillusioned) today, seeing as even devs
       | happily flock to github where they get shafted (copilot) and
       | looking at the lack of beaker/hypercore (nee dat) and ipfs
       | adoption. And also lack of any initiative to make HTML fit for
       | non-js/doc-only delivery on protocols other than http. To the
       | contrary, http/3 is even eating TCP/IP (DoH).
        
       | u8mybrownies wrote:
       | The big missing piece in this article is the economics
       | perspective. Aka FB could dominate a mesh network just as well as
       | a traditional one and for the same reasons.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-07-18 23:00 UTC)