[HN Gopher] Show HN: Pay It Forward - P2P Crowdfunding for Afric...
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       Show HN: Pay It Forward - P2P Crowdfunding for African
       Entrepreneurs
        
       Author : jkurnia
       Score  : 33 points
       Date   : 2021-07-15 18:28 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.zidisha.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.zidisha.org)
        
       | jkurnia wrote:
       | Hi HN, I'm Julia, the founder of Zidisha, a loan crowdfunding
       | platform for entrepreneurs in developing countries. We've been
       | doing this since 2009 and were a YC nonprofit way back in the W14
       | batch. Our key approach this whole time has been to bypass the
       | local banks and NGOs used by other microlending websites, and
       | connect lenders and borrowers directly via a P2P community. This
       | allows us to reduce the administrative cost of the loans relative
       | to traditional programs and enable unfiltered communication
       | between lenders and borrowers.
       | 
       | Our model has gone through several iterations over the years, and
       | I thought HN might be interested in our latest one! It's called
       | "Pay it Forward" and the key idea is that entrepreneurs fund new
       | projects by other entrepreneurs instead of repaying lenders
       | directly. Some background on why we arrived at this iteration:
       | 
       | With our traditional microloans, when the borrower repaid their
       | loan, the money went back to the lenders, who then would choose
       | new projects to fund with it. The problem was that funds often
       | went unused for long periods, because many lenders don't have the
       | time to choose new projects each time repayments come in. We
       | built an automated relending tool to try to address this, but it
       | lacks the ability to vet projects for quality or to provide the
       | human connection that manual lending does. Normally, the lending
       | process involves messaging, photo sharing, and so on, between
       | lenders and entrepreneurs, which is more meaningful for
       | everybody.
       | 
       | The users who typically spend the most time on our platform are
       | the entrepreneurs. Access to loans is often a life-changing
       | opportunity for them, and many choose to give back to the
       | community by serving as Volunteer Mentors - a role that involves
       | vetting new applicants, conducting orientations of new members
       | via WhatsApp, and mentoring newer members as they grow their
       | businesses. They are often best placed to know who is most
       | trustworthy and which projects are good investments. Many have
       | expressed interest in "graduating" from a borrower to a lender on
       | the platform, but up until now we had no mechanism for the
       | entrepreneurs to fund loans. So we've built one!
       | 
       | In the new system, projects must be repaid, just like traditional
       | loans. But instead of repaying lenders, the entrepreneurs
       | allocate the repayments to other projects on the platform. The
       | original lenders can track the follow-on projects that are funded
       | by their chosen entrepreneurs, so they get to see how their
       | impact continues to multiply as funds are recycled over and over.
       | 
       | Unlike loans, Pay It Forward projects have no fees or interest
       | other than a 5% service fee to cover money transfer and operating
       | costs. (First-time participants who don't have an invite from an
       | existing member also pay a one-time fee of about $10, which
       | covers the cost of a background check and lifetime membership.)
       | Once projects are repaid, the entrepreneurs can choose to deposit
       | an extra amount of between 0 and 25% of the amount raised to fund
       | other projects in the platform. Their next project fundraising
       | amount limit is then increased by the extra amount they chose to
       | deposit, plus a matching increase from us. (For example, an
       | entrepreneur who raises $100 can choose to repay the $100 then
       | contribute an extra up to $25 to the community. If they
       | contribute an extra $25, then their next fundraising amount is
       | $150.) This enables financial sustainability and growth of the
       | project funding capital, without burdening any entrepreneur who
       | prefers not to make extra payments.
       | 
       | We have opened the Pay It Forward product to the community after
       | a period of beta testing. Early data suggest that repayment
       | performance will be the same or better than that of our
       | traditional loans. Thus far, the majority of entrepreneurs have
       | opted to make some extra payment into the community at the
       | conclusion of their projects.
       | 
       | This is a departure from the traditional P2P lending concept and
       | we're not aware of a similar model being tried elsewhere. I'm
       | very interested to hear your ideas and feedback in the thread,
       | and you are always welcome to contact me at julia@zidisha.org!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dnlll wrote:
       | Cool project! Will definitely 'invest' some money.
       | 
       | However, are the repayments by the entrepreneurs also required to
       | pay the 5% service fee? This new pay it forward models seems
       | mostly to be a way to keep all the money in the system and slowly
       | make it yours via the 5% fee. I don't see what the benefit of
       | this model is towards the lender. Or am I misunderstanding it?
        
         | jkurnia wrote:
         | The fee is paid by the entrepreneurs as a percentage of each
         | project funded. It covers the cost of transferring funds
         | (credit card and other payment transfer fees, Fx margin we pay
         | when transferring funds internationally) and administering the
         | platform (web hosting, phone and SMS communications with
         | entrepreneurs, etc). At our current scale we are just breaking
         | even with our operating costs covered by the 5% fee.
         | 
         | The 5% fee does not take away from the loan funds, which are
         | kept separate from operating costs and fees.
         | 
         | For comparison, most traditional microlending programs charge
         | over 20% in fees and interest, and comparable unsecured small
         | business loans in the markets we serve are much more expensive,
         | or not available at all. Since the entrepreneurs are acquiring
         | assets and operating capital they could not otherwise afford
         | and which continue to generate profits after the loan is
         | repaid, the value to them is normally far higher than the 5%
         | cost of the loan.
         | 
         | Here is an aggregator of project updates posted by the
         | entrepreneurs, which gives an idea of the impact of the loans:
         | https://www.zidisha.org/project-updates
        
           | oezi wrote:
           | Can you share some numbers on zidisha? Is there a dashboard
           | of sorts?
           | 
           | I would imagine:
           | 
           | - Amount of loans outstanding
           | 
           | - delinquency rate
           | 
           | - breakdown of country of origin of lenders. Are people
           | really paying it forward?
        
           | dnlll wrote:
           | Thank you for the clear and quick response. The aggregator is
           | a nice overview.
        
       | patrickbolle wrote:
       | Love it! Fantastic idea.
       | 
       | I am checking out some of the projects now.
       | 
       | Is there still an opportunity to get paid back, rather than
       | keeping it in the system?
       | 
       | I love the idea of the loan continuing through the system for
       | myself (I don't personally need the payback), but I'd imagine
       | there would be some funders / loaners that would like the
       | original system of getting paid back. Is that still a
       | possibility?
       | 
       | I am sending this to a few friends that are really excited about
       | African entrepreneurship (myself included). Great idea!
        
         | jkurnia wrote:
         | At the moment, we are offering both Pay It Forward projects and
         | traditional loans (where lenders are repaid) to our existing
         | lenders, and showing only the new Pay It Forward projects to
         | new users who sign up. This makes things easier to understand
         | for new users and helps us gather clear feedback on the Pay It
         | Forward concept.
        
       | donclark wrote:
       | Kiva has been around for many years. I am curious if they
       | inspired your service, and if so, how?
       | 
       | https://www.kiva.org/
        
         | jkurnia wrote:
         | Yes, my experience in cofounding a Kiva field partner NGO in
         | 2006 was an inspiration for Zidisha. The intent was to reduce
         | the high charges to the entrepreneur inherent in the Kiva model
         | by eliminating field partner organizations and connecting
         | lenders and borrowers directly. This had not been feasible at
         | the time Kiva was founded, due to low internet penetration in
         | developing countries then. (See
         | https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-story-of-zidisha-dram_b_9...
         | for more background.)
        
         | deregulateMed wrote:
         | I felt weird about kiva. I didn't really need the money repaid.
         | I wanted to basically donate. Anyway I think I profited after a
         | few years if I remember correctly. Anyway I cashed out and
         | ended up donating the money elsewhere.
        
       | ayewo wrote:
       | 1. What percentage of your loans end up being delinquent for each
       | of the countries you are in?
       | 
       | 2. How do you handle defaults?
       | 
       | Your FAQ mentions:
       | 
       |  _If you miss a scheduled payment, Zidisha will issue one
       | courtesy reminder by text message to your mobile phone. If the
       | payment still is not made, Zidisha will request mediation from
       | members of your community. If mediation is not effective, Zidisha
       | may determine that the loan is defaulted. The consequences of
       | defaulting on a Zidisha loan include disqualification from
       | funding any new loans in the future, reporting of the default to
       | your national credit bureau, and legal prosecution resulting in
       | confiscation of property, fines and other legal penalties._
       | 
       | But then I noticed elsewhere on the site, mentions of a " Credit
       | risk payment: Goes into a fund that compensates lenders for loan
       | defaults".
        
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       (page generated 2021-07-15 23:01 UTC)