[HN Gopher] Biden launches action on "Big Tech, Big Pharma, and ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Biden launches action on "Big Tech, Big Pharma, and Big Ag" - can
       it be real?
        
       Author : horseradish
       Score  : 444 points
       Date   : 2021-07-11 18:22 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (mattstoller.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (mattstoller.substack.com)
        
       | josh_today wrote:
       | Executive orders were a constant theme of the previous
       | administration. It was the first time that I've really heard
       | about them consistently as a presidential technique and similarly
       | as much in the media.
       | 
       | The lower executive order numbers from the previous 2
       | administrations before made me think that these were tools used
       | for media attention when I kept hearing about them.
       | 
       | Now the current administration is using them (for causes that I
       | hope will benefit) and I'm wondering are these going to hold
       | weight or is this another media ploy?
        
         | tyre wrote:
         | Really? They were a huge topic of conversation when W was
         | president and then again for obama.
        
           | josh_today wrote:
           | Looking at EO's issued per year to account for 8 vs 4 year
           | terms, Trump's administration is the highest
           | 
           | https://www.federalregister.gov/presidential-
           | documents/execu...
        
         | jimbob45 wrote:
         | Obama dwarfed Trump's number of EOs. Bush Jr. and Clinton were
         | extremely high as well. This seems to be a response to
         | congressional stonewalling (with varying outcomes).
         | 
         | https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/statistics/data/executive-or...
        
           | GeneralMayhem wrote:
           | >Obama dwarfed Trump's number of EOs.
           | 
           | By your own source, this is so misleading as to be blatantly
           | false. Trump issued 220 EOs in 4 years. Obama issued 276 in 8
           | years. I wouldn't call that "dwarfing" even looking at the
           | raw numbers, and as a rate, Trump was the highest in history,
           | nearly twice Obama.
           | 
           | Of course, that's only relevant if you believe a priori that
           | (a) EOs are a bad thing, and (b) that all EOs are created
           | equal. Neither of those is true, obviously.
        
             | dudul wrote:
             | > Trump was the highest in history
             | 
             | Looks like Trump's average is lower than a lot of previous
             | presidents'.
        
           | ta2155 wrote:
           | I hate anecdotal evidence, but jimbon45 is a perfect example
           | showing that inbreeding leads to lower IQ.
        
           | wffurr wrote:
           | From your link:
           | 
           | Barack Obama (D) Total 276 Avg/year 35
           | 
           | Donald J. Trump (R) Total 220 Avg/year 55
           | 
           | Hardly "dwarfed". If anything Trump issued 60% more executive
           | orders than Obama on an annual basis over his one term.
        
       | apercu wrote:
       | So why do we a accept that VC's invest in software tech but we
       | don't expect them to do the same in biotech (obviously some do I
       | am generalizing) but instead expect Americans (mostly, I live in
       | Canada though) to subsidize Big Pharma through taxes and, in many
       | many many cases outrageous costs for decades old drugs?
        
         | jfengel wrote:
         | Apparently, because Americans tolerate it. A bunch of factors
         | lead to higher drug prices here and an almost complete
         | inability to agree on a way to fix it.
         | 
         | A lot of it comes down to tribalism: "I'd rather pay higher
         | drug prices than lower drug prices your way."
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | If the whole country gets a California-style ban on noncompetes,
       | will Silicon Valley start to lose it's hold on tech?
        
         | xenihn wrote:
         | imo: yes, absolutely
        
       | YinglingLight wrote:
       | Biden vs. the Deep State, oh my (At)Lanta
        
       | deregulateMed wrote:
       | Big pharma is significantly less of a problem than the physician
       | and hospital cartels.
       | 
       | I have no idea why these groups have survived scrutiny for their
       | literal multi-hundred million dollar lobbying/bribery of
       | politicians.
       | 
       | My closest guess is that we all know "My" physician or a well
       | paid nurse that benefits from the bribery.
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | I have a medical condition with no cure, yet I still have to
         | pay a doctor every 6 months to keep my prescription with no
         | changes. Total racket.
        
           | dd36 wrote:
           | My contact lens prescription is similar.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | Contact lens prescriptions change though, and bad contacts
             | can do subtle damage to the wearer's eye. I have permanent
             | scarring in my eyes because I over-wore my 2 week contacts,
             | my fault I know, but without an eye doctor appointment I
             | would have done even more damage.
        
               | qq4 wrote:
               | Wow, no kidding? I used to wear mine for months, maybe
               | even close to a year. Anytime I had my eyes examined I
               | asked how my eyes looked due to the constant wear and the
               | optometrist told me they looked great but frowned at me
               | doing so. I figured the disposable contact thing was
               | mostly a racket, but I had some doubts. I wear glasses
               | now.
        
               | ashtonkem wrote:
               | These were the 2 week variety that were on sale between
               | 2008 and 2012, after which I changed to 1 month lenses.
               | It's possible that newer lenses are better when worn
               | outside the recommended range.
        
               | dd36 wrote:
               | I've had the same script for 20 years.
               | 
               | I should add that the same thing applies to glasses.
        
           | SignalNotSecure wrote:
           | Have you considered stocking up at the Mexican border? So
           | many things are available over the counter in Mexico its
           | awesome.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | Is that legal?
        
               | ashtonkem wrote:
               | ... kind of. There are certain personal use exceptions,
               | but definitely something you want to speak with a lawyer
               | about.
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | Don't need to speak to a lawyer. Millions of folks do
               | this every year to save money. Doesn't mean they'll have
               | unique drugs in stock however.
        
               | pkaye wrote:
               | You can personally import up to 3 months worth of
               | medications if you have doctors prescription.
               | 
               | https://www.fda.gov/industry/import-basics/personal-
               | importat...
        
               | nostromo wrote:
               | You can buy prescription drugs online from India without
               | a prescription for super cheap. They arrive in your mail.
               | 
               | This is probably illegal, but not enforced.
               | 
               | I'm insured so it'd actually be cheaper for me personally
               | to go in to the doctor and ask for a prescription. But I
               | got tired of taking time out of my day for this - these
               | are just beta blockers for fuck's sake.
        
               | foolinaround wrote:
               | the good pharmacies in India have started asking for
               | prescriptions.. so, one is left to go the sketchy/tinier
               | ones, where quality can be expected to be lower as well.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | > You can buy prescription drugs online from India
               | without a prescription for super cheap. They arrive in
               | your mail.
               | 
               | And what guarantee do you have of their contents?
        
               | KirillPanov wrote:
               | Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS [1]) by an
               | independent third-party lab [2]. For unscheduled
               | substances they'll even email you the mass plot.
               | 
               | Nearly all of our (US) pharmaceuticals already come from
               | India anyways. Manufactured there from Chinese bulk
               | precursors.
               | 
               | I trust a third-party GC/MS plot way more than any brand
               | slapped on a package.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_chromatography-
               | mass_spec...
               | 
               | [2] https://energycontrol-international.org/
        
               | koheripbal wrote:
               | I'm confused. Are you saying that every time you receive
               | a package of medications from India, you send a sample
               | off to for spectrometry?
               | 
               | That seems extremely arduous.
               | 
               | The point is that you don't trust this specific supply
               | chain/manufacturer, which is part of the approval
               | process.
               | 
               | "India/China" is not some monolithic entity that is
               | either good or bad, there are some manufacturers that you
               | can trust, and some you cannot.
               | 
               | Quality control in drug manufacturing is what ensures
               | that every single pill has the correct dose, and not some
               | random batch accidentally having 100x the active drug you
               | need - or 0.01%.
        
               | SignalNotSecure wrote:
               | Been there done that but from a different continent
               | flying in. Nobody cares in general unless you're
               | importing scheduled substances. You need to do your
               | research but it's a way to beat the racket.
               | 
               | Drive up to the border and walk across on a day trip to
               | the pharmacy. I believe the first few miles into the
               | country are a NAFTA special economic zone with very
               | relaxed paperwork requirements.
        
           | throwaway4220 wrote:
           | Sorry to say but you'll have to find a better doctor if all
           | you're getting is refills without being seen. It's a sad
           | state of medicine but primary care is being rapidly replaced
           | by NP/PAs who do a good job but are very regimented in their
           | thinking.
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | Having a doctor verify that you're not having any issues with
           | your prescription medication is pretty normal.
           | 
           | Maybe you can find someone that'll do telehealth.
        
             | Spivak wrote:
             | When a prescription becomes your baseline you should stop
             | having to mother may I except for changes to it.
        
             | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
             | I take a medication for a rest-of-your-life condition I've
             | had since childhood. The simple blood test used to
             | calibrate dosing is about $10 in saner countries. In order
             | to get the blood drawn and tested it costs me >$100 out of
             | pocket and I also have to see a doctor for a half hour
             | ($250) before they'll update my prescription, regardless of
             | if there is any change. This is with insurance, and must
             | happen every 2 years or so. Medication cost is $10/mo or
             | so.
             | 
             | This is completely ridiculous, and yet my situation is
             | downright reasonable compared to what a lot of people have
             | to deal with.
        
             | perryizgr8 wrote:
             | I shouldn't have to take permission from anyone to be able
             | to buy the medicines I need. This is a cartel-type
             | situation where your pharmacist won't sell you meds unless
             | you pay a doctor.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | If I'm having issues I'll call the doctor. I don't need a
             | babysitter.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | Some people do though. Imagine someone who just lets this
               | stuff lapse and they are still being regularly prescribed
               | stuff that should have been cancelled 8 years ago.
        
               | fny wrote:
               | I'm in the same position my dr is kind enough to let me
               | email in for refills.
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | People already die quietly alone all the time. How far do
               | we need to go to have everyone have a babysitter,
               | especially at their own expense?
        
               | benrbray wrote:
               | I think the idea is that the doctor is actively
               | intervening in your medical treatment, so they have a
               | responsibility to make sure they're getting it right.
               | This person is free to stop taking their meds and die
               | alone whenever they like.
               | 
               | Visits to the doctor should be cheaper and more
               | efficient, but people shouldn't stop going to the doctor.
        
               | TheSpiceIsLife wrote:
               | Doctors are the third leading cause of death, after only
               | heart disease and cancer.
               | 
               | By many measure: if you see a doctor, cross the street.
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | I find it fascinating that the HN crowd complains about
               | doctors being too expensive. I mean what is the
               | comparative value that software developers add to society
               | compared to doctors that justify their salaries (which
               | are often on the same level or higher)?
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | Most people in IT related fields aren't at doctor level
               | pay.
               | 
               | I suspect the sentiment is from commonly interacting with
               | absolutely useless doctors. There are a lot of them.
        
               | throwaway4220 wrote:
               | I've seen 200k+ salaries as standard here. Look up
               | salaries of primary care physicians. Then add on the
               | 50k+/year MD debt, and any undergrad debt.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | False equivalence. Software developers "charge" companies
               | (that are very much able to pay) for their services.
               | Doctors charge everyone, from the rich to the poor, for
               | their services. The poor (and even not-so-poor) get
               | screwed by this, more often than not. I haven't heard of
               | a bunch of software developers bankrupting people in
               | exchange for their health...
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | Just like how we require people to check in with their
               | accountant every 6 months to make sure their finances are
               | doing well, check in with a teacher and take a test every
               | year to make sure our education is still up to date, and
               | we have the cops investigate us biannually to catch any
               | signs of legal trouble early.
               | 
               | We don't and we shouldn't require everyone to be nannied
               | just because some people might benefit - they can seek
               | those services on their own if they wish. Requiring
               | someone else's permission to maintain your personal
               | health would be considered just as absurd if it weren't
               | the status quo.
        
               | throwaway4220 wrote:
               | Please, sign a notarized document saying you, your family
               | or the DA won't sue because you were (a) lost to follow-
               | up, (b) developed a medical condition as you grew older,
               | (c) got a side effect because of long term medical use.
               | Then, don't waste ER time if you have a stroke or heart
               | attack because government can't tell me not to eat trans
               | fats.
               | 
               | And, by the way, if you have an accountant, you should
               | check in more than once a year. It's not fair to them to
               | dump stuff only during tax time. Also, I do have to do
               | regular tests to make sure my medical knowledge is up to
               | date.
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | If we could sue hospitals into paying out because we
               | developed medical conditions as we aged, there wouldn't
               | be any hospitals.
               | 
               | You have to qualify your statement with "if you have an
               | accountant" because I don't have to have an accountant,
               | it is an optional service I can seek if I want. In my
               | case, I do my own taxes, and if I don't get as big a tax
               | return as I could've back, it hurts nobody but me.
               | 
               | The requirement for you to do regular tasks for the
               | _privilege_ of practicing your profession is forced upon
               | you because the the consequences of any lapse in your
               | knowledge are borne by others, not you. I too have
               | professional requirements, but I can choose a different
               | profession and be absolved of all of them.
               | 
               | A chronic condition is not a choice. Dealing with your
               | pain is not a privilege, it is a right. The idea that
               | people should be forced to forego their right based on
               | the idea that some others will benefit (a dubious claim
               | for which I can find no evidence supporting) is absurd.
        
               | wellbehaved wrote:
               | So? Some people need exercise, does that mean the
               | government should force everyone to exercise?
        
               | alphaoverlord wrote:
               | There are definitely doctors who will space it out if
               | you're stable or do a phone refill
        
               | TearsInTheRain wrote:
               | I think some tech health platforms like Capsule will even
               | have a pharmacist call your doctor for a refill for you.
        
               | pradn wrote:
               | I personally prefer a proactive doctor. Life gets busy
               | and I don't always find time to get checkups and such. A
               | small nudge from the doctor's office to get a checkup
               | pays dividends. People with chronic conditions do need
               | monitoring. It shouldn't be absurdly expensive.
        
         | diogenescynic wrote:
         | Sutter Health is one of those hospital cartels. They've made it
         | so that giving birth in Sacramento is now one of the most
         | expensive cities in America. It's all a racket.
         | 
         | Source: https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/205822/northern-
         | californi...
        
         | throwawayswede wrote:
         | They're part of the same mafia, Pharmaceutical Research &
         | Manufacturers of America spent $8664000 in 2021 only on
         | lobbying.
         | 
         | https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-spenders
        
           | deregulateMed wrote:
           | So much evil in 1 list.
        
           | the-dude wrote:
           | That looks like a big number, but it is $8.6M ? Is that a
           | lot?
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | Its certainly more than I paid in taxes
        
             | dillondoyle wrote:
             | No it's not. Lobbying in that reported sense is also a very
             | small slice of persuading politicians and regulators and
             | bureaucrats.
             | 
             | PHRMA plays _big_ in politics, 501c4 space etc.
             | 
             | They also are known for the revolving door which is hard to
             | quantify, but surely it makes a big difference on regs.
             | Look at the Purdue, they got the regulator responsible for
             | approving the label to actually sit in a hotel room and
             | help write their oxy label together...
             | 
             | Here's an article shows "in the US from 1999 to 2018, found
             | that the pharmaceutical and health product industry spent
             | $4.7 billion, an average of $233 million per year, on
             | lobbying the US federal government; $414 million on
             | contributions to presidential and congressional electoral
             | candidates, national party committees, and outside spending
             | groups; and $877 million on contributions to state
             | candidates and committees."
             | 
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054854/
        
             | perryizgr8 wrote:
             | It was purposefully written to mislead, hence the lack of
             | commas or the M suffix. So yeah, it is definitely not a
             | lot. For comparison, Facebook alone spent $17M on lobbying
             | in 2019.
        
             | gregsadetsky wrote:
             | I double checked -- another source[0] mentions amounts that
             | are a bit higher:
             | 
             | "The Chamber [of Commerce] spent nearly $82 million on
             | lobbying in 2020"
             | 
             | But generally in line with the list posted by the GP:
             | 
             | "Facebook and Amazon were the only companies in the top 10
             | spending list and spent nearly $19.7 million and more than
             | $18.7 million on lobbying in 2020, respectively"
             | 
             | I too, am surprised as how little this is for these
             | gigantic companies ($20M for FB? 1/1000th of their
             | quarterly revenue?) and more generally, how little money
             | this is... in comparison with the entire US government
             | budget?
             | 
             | Sorry, this is probably all obvious? Just a bit.. sad?
             | 
             | [0] https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/536082-us-
             | chamber-nu...
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | How much do you think lobbyists should earn instead?
        
               | ncphil wrote:
               | Really. Who doesn't get how cheap our politicians come?
               | Old joke about Spiro Agnew (Nixon's VP who had to resign
               | because he took around $30,000 in bribes while Governor
               | of Maryland years before): When Armstrong set foot on the
               | Moon he would have been set for life if his first words
               | had just been "Coca Cola!" Of course if it had been Agnew
               | he probably would have said something like, "Fred's
               | Tailor Shop, Baltimore!" Point is, US politicians really
               | do come cheap. Political favors are a wholesale business,
               | they make out on volume.
        
           | bpodgursky wrote:
           | Do you think this is a big number? $8mm across a huge
           | industry is barely enough to get a legal team out of bed.
           | This is really pocket change.
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | What about $8664000.00? I made it slightly longer. I can
             | add some more zeroes.
        
         | Andy_G11 wrote:
         | I would think tech is now at the point to undermine micro-
         | exploiters who extract punitive payments from people who feel
         | that there is no viable alternative provider (e.g. a specialist
         | who requires completely unnecessary monthly visits, gives a
         | cursory glance, keeps treatment unchanged and charges hundreds
         | in the process).
         | 
         | What do you think? - Is this something tech CAN do today, with
         | an open source application and publicly available data?
        
         | mpmpmpmp wrote:
         | "Well paid nurse"... Now thats a funny one.
        
           | pydry wrote:
           | Capital loves to blame labor, capital owns the media and
           | we're inclined to believe their stories.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | I don't see most physicians being an issue. Many of them are
         | fed up with the insurance, pharma, and regulations. Most are
         | forced to work for large providers instead of being independent
         | just due to the overhead of dealing with digital record
         | systems, legal, insurance billing, etc.
        
           | deregulateMed wrote:
           | When they spent $400,000,000 on favorable monopolistic
           | legislation it helps to aim the spotlight on anyone else.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | What organization and legislation was that?
        
               | deregulateMed wrote:
               | American Medical Association, aka physicians
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | And what was the legislation? How was it monopolistic in
               | favor of physicians?
               | 
               | The AMA does not really represent physicians. Less than
               | 1/4 of doctors belong to the AMA. Many of them do not
               | feel the AMA represents them. The AMA also accepts
               | substantial donations from other sources, including
               | corporate donors and foundations.
               | 
               | https://www.physiciansweekly.com/is-the-ama-really-the-
               | voice...
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | The lobbying to:
               | 
               | A. Limit medical care to being provided by these people
               | 
               | B. Limit number of residencies
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "Limit medical care to being provided by these people"
               | 
               | Who else would provide this care? This licensure is
               | similar to other professions, like lawyers, and really
               | doesn't take very much lobbying since the majority of the
               | public want oversight of these sorts of professionals.
               | 
               | Residencies simply haven't kept pace with medical student
               | numbers. They have gone up though. The main question is
               | "where does the funding come from for residency
               | training?". Medicare provides most of that funding, but
               | that is a constrained resource. I find it hard to believe
               | that the AMA lobbied for this provision.
        
               | CryptoPunk wrote:
               | >>the majority of the public want oversight of these
               | sorts of professionals.
               | 
               | The majority of the public wants whatever they are
               | lobbied to believe they need. The majority also supports
               | the War on Drugs and criminalizing the sex trade, and for
               | the same reason: fear tactics used to convince them that
               | the mere option of doing an ostensibly harmful activity,
               | is to the detriment of themselves and society at large,
               | even though the activity would harm no one but the party
               | engaged in it.
               | 
               | Plenty of medical procedures _could_ be done by nurses
               | and other non-physician medical professionals, yet this
               | entire option is barred to the public. There should be a
               | free market, with consenting adults free to choose for
               | themselves who to hire to perform services for them.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "The majority of the public wants whatever they are
               | lobbied to believe they need."
               | 
               | Ok, can you show me the lobbying that swayed their
               | opinion on this topic then? If they are just gullible
               | like you claim, then do you think these incapable people
               | will have the capacity to choose well after removing
               | license requirements for providers?
               | 
               | "Plenty of medical procedures could be done by nurses and
               | other non-physician medical professionals, yet this
               | entire option is barred to the public."
               | 
               | This is not banned at all. Physician assistants and nurse
               | practitioners exist and can perform some medical
               | procedures/tasks. Even pharmacists. Granted I've
               | personally had some negative experiences with some PAs
               | and try to choose actually physicians for most things.
               | 
               | "There should be a free market, with consenting adults
               | free to choose for themselves who to hire to perform
               | services for them."
               | 
               | That would be nice in many ways, but I can see a downside
               | too. Once someone is found to be incompetent, fraudulent,
               | and harmful, how would they be barred from the profession
               | to prevent the issue from happening to others? Usually
               | things like insurance and bonding are requirements to
               | cover any issues for people in this and other licensed
               | fields.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | You find it hard to believe a thing that the AMA made an
               | overt aim of. Fascinating. Well, I'm out of this
               | conversation.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Then show me a source.
        
               | long_time_gone wrote:
               | I showed you a source earlier in the thread and you
               | didn't respond. It is the website of AMA, where they
               | celebrate their success in lobbying against any bill that
               | would allow other professionals expanded capabilities.
               | 
               | "For over 30 years, the AMA's state and federal advocacy
               | efforts have safeguarded the practice of medicine by
               | opposing nurse practitioner (NP) and other nonphysician
               | professional attempts to inappropriately expand their
               | scope of practice."
               | 
               | Here it is again: https://www.ama-assn.org/practice-
               | management/scope-practice/...
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Ah, that prior comment is dead.
               | 
               | So this is a source just saying they oppose inappropriate
               | expansion. That they want PAs and NPs to practice as part
               | of a team that includes a physician. I don't really see
               | this as an issue. I also see PAs, NPs, and nurses as
               | falling into the medical profession and subject to
               | licensing, etc. So I see them as being on the inside of
               | the system, not one of the "other people".
               | 
               | What I was specifically looking for was a source about
               | the second part of this thread - the restriction of
               | residency by the AMA.
        
               | long_time_gone wrote:
               | ==Who else would provide this care?==
               | 
               | Nurse practitioners.
               | 
               | AMA has a whole campaign on their website celebrating it:
               | https://www.ama-assn.org/practice-management/scope-
               | practice/...
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | When asked on the street people always say "yes I want
               | healthcare to be safe" but if you actually see who is
               | lobbying for certification requirements it is always
               | incumbents.
               | 
               | If people wanted and needed licensure for health, hair
               | cutting, whatever, you'd expect that they would be at the
               | state house. But they're not.
        
               | geogra4 wrote:
               | I hate this line that's repeated all the time because its
               | simply wrong. Osteopathy has its own residencies and the
               | DO is legally equivalent to an MD
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | You have that backwards. The AMA is actively lobbying to
               | _increase_ the number of residencies.
               | 
               | https://www.ama-assn.org/press-center/press-releases/ama-
               | fun...
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Haha this is exactly why point source information is so
               | damaging. The AMA spent years keeping this tightened down
               | by spending money and then they started issuing press
               | releases asking for the opposite (but this time,
               | conspicuously leaving off the money spending).
               | 
               | This naivete is typical of HN. You'd read a press release
               | from ISIS and conclude they've built a paradise. You need
               | more knowledge than you can Google up. You need to be
               | aware of what they did and do over the last 30 years.
               | 
               | But it's okay, you can believe falsehoods. No skin off my
               | back.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Sources?
        
               | throwaway4220 wrote:
               | I say this as an MD: AMA can suck it. I don't pay them
               | and I don't think they represent me or the profession.
        
           | fma wrote:
           | I've heard they're fed up w/ insurance, billing...but the few
           | times I've asked "hey what if I pay cash, not through
           | insurance, is it cheaper?" (I knew I wont meet deductible...)
           | 
           | It was actually more expensive. I've stopped asking and feel
           | it's a urban myth.
        
             | eganp wrote:
             | The list price will nearly always be a multiple of your
             | cost with insurance. The issue here is that insurers have
             | provisions in their network contracts that prevent
             | providers from publically advertising lower prices than
             | what's charged to the insurer, which mandates discounting.
             | In many other industries, these most favored nation
             | arrangements are considered anti-competitive and, thus,
             | illegal.
             | 
             | Large hospital systems totally separate business and care,
             | so it can be difficult to negotiate a discount. Smaller and
             | independent providers are often more accommodating.
             | However, you need to _ask_ for a discount, you can 't
             | simply offer to pay cash (i.e. "If I pay cash, can I get
             | 40% off"). The providers can counter your offer, but can't
             | discount you off the bat or else they invite legal action
             | from insurers.
        
               | fma wrote:
               | Good to know! Dang 40% is a lot but I believe it hah!
        
           | whearyou wrote:
           | Seen the same
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | I think pretty much all players in the US health system are a
         | problem. They all benefit to some degree from this corruption.
         | If I had to pick the worst I would name hospitals. But
         | everybody else profits handsomely too.
        
           | mpmpmpmp wrote:
           | Everyone except for the people who are actually providing
           | direct patient care like the nurses and the technicians.
        
         | dv_dt wrote:
         | Are you kidding?
         | 
         | https://www.rand.org/news/press/2021/01/28.html
         | 
         | > Prescription Drug Prices in the United States Are 2.56 Times
         | Those in Other Countries
        
           | xyzzyz wrote:
           | So are the nannies and the landscapers. Are these also a
           | racket?
        
             | pkphilip wrote:
             | It is just amazing to watch people in the US defend the
             | price gouging in healthcare in the US.
             | 
             | The medicine prices are MUCH lower in other parts of the
             | world - including in places where the cost of living is
             | much higher than in the US such as Norway and Switzerland.
             | 
             | The cost of Insulin is 8x higher in the US than in
             | comparable countries around the world.
             | 
             | https://pharmanewsintel.com/news/insulin-prices-8x-higher-
             | in...
        
             | stjohnswarts wrote:
             | We're talking western countries, not places where you would
             | expect it to be less like Mexico, India, Brazil. Basic
             | domestic services are going to be about the same across
             | various western countries. Drugs and health services in
             | general are 2-4x what other western countries pay AT A
             | MINIMUM. Most have free health care.
        
             | hnbad wrote:
             | Maybe I'm weird but I don't have a nanny or landscaper and
             | neither does anyone I know or any of their relatives that
             | I'm aware of. But I pay a flat EUR5 for most prescription
             | drugs (the rest are free) and my public health insurance
             | costs are capped at about EUR700 per month (and I get to
             | keep it for free if I become unemployed).
        
             | jacobolus wrote:
             | Services from nannies and landscapers are nontradeable
             | goods. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tradability
        
               | mlindner wrote:
               | Drugs are almost non-tradable goods because of all the
               | regulations and differences in drug standards between
               | countries.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | So they're _artificially_ non-tradeable, not _innately_
               | non-tradeable like the other examples.
        
             | throwaway743 wrote:
             | Are you that out of touch to not realize those services are
             | luxuries and not life saving health treatments?
        
       | wormslayer666 wrote:
       | Direct link to the executive order (it's in the article, but
       | might as well put here):
       | 
       | https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-action...
        
         | ece wrote:
         | Here are the remarks he delivered before signing the order:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wTlzbKpidU
        
         | sb057 wrote:
         | I found this fact sheet more useful than the order itself or
         | articles about it:
         | 
         | https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases...
         | 
         | In the Order, the President:
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to ban or limit non-compete agreements.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to ban unnecessary occupational licensing
         | restrictions that impede economic mobility.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC and DOJ to strengthen antitrust guidance
         | to prevent employers from collaborating to suppress wages or
         | reduce benefits by sharing wage and benefit information with
         | one another.
         | 
         | * Directs the Food and Drug Administration to work with states
         | and tribes to safely import prescription drugs from Canada,
         | pursuant to the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003.
         | 
         | * Directs the Health and Human Services Administration (HHS) to
         | increase support for generic and biosimilar drugs, which
         | provide low-cost options for patients.
         | 
         | * Directs HHS to issue a comprehensive plan within 45 days to
         | combat high prescription drug prices and price gouging.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to ban "pay for delay" and similar
         | agreements by rule.
         | 
         | * Directs HHS to consider issuing proposed rules within 120
         | days for allowing hearing aids to be sold over the counter.
         | 
         | * Underscores that hospital mergers can be harmful to patients
         | and encourages the Justice Department and FTC to review and
         | revise their merger guidelines to ensure patients are not
         | harmed by such mergers.
         | 
         | * Directs HHS to support existing hospital price transparency
         | rules and to finish implementing bipartisan federal legislation
         | to address surprise hospital billing.
         | 
         | * Directs HHS to standardize plan options in the National
         | Health Insurance Marketplace so people can comparison shop more
         | easily.
         | 
         | * Directs the DOT to consider issuing clear rules requiring the
         | refund of fees when baggage is delayed or when service isn't
         | actually provided--like when the plane's WiFi or in-flight
         | entertainment system is broken.
         | 
         | * Directs the DOT to consider issuing rules that require
         | baggage, change, and cancellation fees to be clearly disclosed
         | to the customer.
         | 
         | * Encourages the Surface Transportation Board to require
         | railroad track owners to provide rights of way to passenger
         | rail and to strengthen their obligations to treat other freight
         | companies fairly.
         | 
         | * Encourages the Federal Maritime Commission to ensure vigorous
         | enforcement against shippers charging American exporters
         | exorbitant charges.
         | 
         | * Directs USDA to consider issuing new rules under the Packers
         | and Stockyards Act making it easier for farmers to bring and
         | win claims, stopping chicken processors from exploiting and
         | underpaying chicken farmers, and adopting anti-retaliation
         | protections for farmers who speak out about bad practices.
         | 
         | * Directs USDA to consider issuing new rules defining when meat
         | can bear "Product of USA" labels, so that consumers have
         | accurate, transparent labels that enable them to choose
         | products made here.
         | 
         | * Directs USDA to develop a plan to increase opportunities for
         | farmers to access markets and receive a fair return, including
         | supporting alternative food distribution systems like farmers
         | markets and developing standards and labels so that consumers
         | can choose to buy products that treat farmers fairly.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to limit powerful equipment manufacturers
         | from restricting people's ability to use independent repair
         | shops or do DIY repairs--such as when tractor companies block
         | farmers from repairing their own tractors.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to prevent ISPs from making deals with
         | landlords that limit tenants' choices.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to revive the "Broadband Nutrition Label"
         | and require providers to report prices and subscription rates
         | to the FCC.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to limit excessive early termination fees.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to restore Net Neutrality rules undone by
         | the prior administration.
         | 
         | * Announces an Administration policy of greater scrutiny of
         | mergers, especially by dominant internet platforms, with
         | particular attention to the acquisition of nascent competitors,
         | serial mergers, the accumulation of data, competition by "free"
         | products, and the effect on user privacy.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to establish rules on surveillance and the
         | accumulation of data.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to establish rules barring unfair methods
         | of competition on internet marketplaces.
         | 
         | * Encourages the FTC to issue rules against anticompetitive
         | restrictions on using independent repair shops or doing DIY
         | repairs of your own devices and equipment.
         | 
         | * Encourages DOJ and the agencies responsible for banking (the
         | Federal Reserve, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and
         | the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency) to update
         | guidelines on banking mergers to provide more robust scrutiny
         | of mergers.
         | 
         | * Encourages the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) to
         | issue rules allowing customers to download their banking data
         | and take it with them.
        
           | mlindner wrote:
           | > * Encourages the FTC to restore Net Neutrality rules undone
           | by the prior administration.
           | 
           | This is the worst thing in the list. The politicians still
           | don't seem to understand how the internet works and how
           | different service types cost differently and have different
           | effects on the network. A new Netflix-like service is a very
           | different thing than a new social-network-like service.
        
             | 542354234235 wrote:
             | You don't seem to understand. If I have 100 mbps down
             | speed, my ISP should have no say in how I use it. If it is
             | Netflix of Facebook, it doesn't matter. It's my 100 mbps.
             | That is like saying that my electric provider should have a
             | say on what I use my electricity for. That if I use a GE
             | brand washer it costs less per kwh than a Samsung, or that
             | electricity for a computer is more expensive per kwh than
             | electricity for a refrigerator. No. They give me the
             | electricity, I decide how to use it. They give me the
             | internet bandwidth, I decide how to use it.
        
           | fomine3 wrote:
           | It seems to contain many HN topics
        
           | mlindner wrote:
           | All the good ideas are under the "Encourages" type of thing.
           | How does this actually do anything?
        
             | voidfunc wrote:
             | It doesn't and it can all be undone by the next president
             | unless Congress acts and makes some of these laws (they
             | wont).
        
             | TheHypnotist wrote:
             | It's an executive order, there is only so much the
             | President can mandate outside of the organizations he
             | controls. Look at most of Trump's presidency, feckless EO's
             | that in the end were reversed anyway or were blocked by a
             | court. My guess is that the goal here is to have the
             | regulating authorities be "encouraged" to put the screws to
             | some of these big-X companies. In other words, have them
             | set their policies based on the general direction given by
             | the President. I think that's probably normal operation.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | A more cynical view is that the goal is to make it _seem_
               | like the administration is trying to follow through with
               | some campaign promises while not doing much of legwork to
               | actually do it.
               | 
               | It takes very little to issue an EO. It takes more to
               | work with colleagues in congress to actually implement
               | some of the stuff laid out here. Biden's predecessor
               | really laid the framework here and turned it into an
               | artform - issue a worthless EO, get a great photo op and
               | some feel good stories in the media, then everyone
               | forgets why they can't figure out hospital prices in a
               | few weeks again.
               | 
               | For some more context, it is within Biden's power to
               | appoint an assistant attorney general for antitrust, but
               | as of last week, he still hasn't [0]. I'm not sure how
               | serious this rhetoric around strengthening antitrust
               | guidance really is, in light of that.
               | 
               | I'd love to be proven wrong, but I think this
               | administration has earned my skepticism. Time will tell.
               | 
               | 0 - https://www.politico.com/newsletters/morning-
               | tech/2021/07/07...
        
             | Fredej wrote:
             | My understanding is that the "encourages" part relates to
             | agencies that are independent and are therefore not
             | directly under the control of the president. He therefore
             | cannot directly order them to do anything.
             | 
             | However, from what I could gather from news interviews,
             | this has not been published without the collaboration from
             | those agencies, who in general are on board with the
             | changes.
        
               | ascagnel_ wrote:
               | Correct, the President is actually fairly limited in how
               | much control they exert over regulatory agencies -- such
               | agencies are created by Congress, commissioners are
               | nominated by the President and confirmed by Congress, and
               | commissioners report back to Congress.
        
       | ohashi wrote:
       | I hope they take a look at VeriSign's monopoly power over
       | .com/.net. We saw how dangerously close .ORG got to being turned
       | into a rent seeking tax on non profits. .COM/.NET are a licensed
       | rent seeking monopoly with increasing prices and decreasing costs
       | to serve and no contract competition. Those contracts need to be
       | made competitive, there are plenty of registry providers who can
       | do it cheaper and VeriSign as a company exists because of those
       | no-compete contracts.
        
       | stjohnswarts wrote:
       | Why don't they allow insurance companies to operate in all states
       | so people can shop around more? Currently they have regional
       | rackets.
        
         | dudul wrote:
         | This would be a good move, but don't most people get insurance
         | through their employer? To me that would really be the thing to
         | break asap. Can people really shop around? It's either getting
         | an expensive insurance on your own or a much cheaper one via
         | employment but extremely limited choice.
         | 
         | The main barrier to getting rid of insurance via employment
         | seems to be the very high cost of premiums. Employers are able
         | to get much better deal for their employees than a single
         | individual would be able to negotiate with a carrier. Maybe we
         | would need an electroshock including banning employment based
         | insurance and allowing carriers to operate anywhere. This would
         | immediately kickoff the competition between carriers.
        
       | cryptica wrote:
       | I'm generally skeptical about all such news but a few things make
       | me cautiously optimistic:
       | 
       | - Lina Khan: I had heard about her a long time ago before she
       | even got into politics. She is known for her academic work on
       | antitrust and big tech so she definitely understands how
       | monopolies work and how they are unfair.
       | 
       | - Biden saying "Capitalism without Competition is Exploitation";
       | simply the acknowledgment by a sitting president that what we
       | have today doesn't look like capitalism anymore is in itself a
       | huge achievement and lays the groundwork for real improvement.
       | Now, everyone knows that something needs to be done and everyone
       | knows that everyone else knows that!
       | 
       | - Biden is getting old and probably doesn't care about a second
       | term in office. It's possible that he decided to make as many
       | powerful enemies as necessary to secure a great legacy for
       | himself.
       | 
       | That said, I think that people have such low trust in government
       | and media nowadays that I don't expect anyone from the right to
       | warm to Biden until we see actual results.
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | Sort of good, but we'll see how it plays out without other
       | policies supporting it. Frankly, many consolidations are not
       | malicious but necessary for survival. Economies of scale and
       | verticle integration are required to complete with foreign
       | companies with lower costs. Look at domestic steel production. No
       | way the market can support numerous domestic options that can
       | compete with the low cost of foreign imports.
       | 
       | Then there's vertical integration. I don't know if this will
       | effect vertical integration. If it does, I wonder how domestic
       | companies will compete without it.
       | 
       | As a beekeeper, it's vastly cheaper foreign imports (some of it
       | fake) that are more damaging than large domestic producers
       | (although there's a healthy variety). The low prices have been
       | forcing consolidation, or for some people to switch from
       | producing domestically to packing imported honey. It's tough to
       | market local honey for even $12/lb when walmart sells honey for
       | less than $5/lb.
        
         | tayo42 wrote:
         | What are some uses for honey by the pound? Off topic but
         | curious, I only ever put it in tea rarely or simmiliarly rarely
         | use it as a sugar alternative when cooking.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | Price per pound is mostly just a standardized measure used to
           | compare prices regardless of container size. The most common
           | container size is a one pound jar, but 8oz jars are fairly
           | common too. You would buy a jar and use it in tea, other
           | drinks, on waffles, etc. You can buy larger quantities to do
           | things like baking, making candy, making mead, etc.
        
             | tayo42 wrote:
             | I see, yeah I only ever get a the little honey bear ones
             | lol, but the big jars at farmers markets look interesting
             | but they're always huge and I almost never use honey
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | As long as they're airtight they stay good for years.
               | Some local producers sell small jars too. I mostly sell
               | pint jars (1.4 lbs). I will probably switch to standard 1
               | lb jars soon.
        
               | dehrmann wrote:
               | > they stay good for years
               | 
               | The lifespan is indefinite. If crystals start to form,
               | you can heat the honey and it'll return to it's normal(?)
               | state.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | As long as it's air tight, sort of. They found honey that
               | is safe to eat from the pyramids. I wouldn't recommend
               | eating it as it probably doesn't taste good at all. The
               | flavor will decrease after a while, but that generally
               | takes years. Eventually it will taste bad, but that
               | should take decades.
        
               | NotSwift wrote:
               | Honey stays good for an amazing time. It is due to two
               | things. It is mainly sugar, which means that it has a
               | high osmotic pressure which kills other organisms like
               | bacteria and fungi. The bees make their own antibiotics
               | to fight of infections and some of these are present in
               | their honey as well.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | golemiprague wrote:
           | With peanut butter instead of jam, in soy honey marinade, on
           | green apples, in yogurt or ice cream. There are many nice
           | combinations where honey works.
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | "The most interesting pushback was by Google, Facebook, and
       | Amazon, as well as Chinese giants DJI and Alibaba. All of these
       | firms speak though the trade association Netchoice, which has
       | them as key members. Netchoice didn't bother to try and convince
       | Democrats. Instead, the big tech trade association used the order
       | to lobby Republicans, making the case that Biden's actions
       | against monopoly are opening the door to a larger more powerful
       | government. Here's the key part of Netchoice's statement:
       | 
       | "Sen. Lee and Rep. Jordan's warnings were right - when
       | Republicans back progressive antitrust proposals because of
       | concerns about tech, they open the door to progressive antitrust
       | activism... By backing hard-left proposals, like nominating Lina
       | Khan to the FTC and Rep. Cicilline's antitrust legislation, anti-
       | tech Republicans bear responsibility for the damage that will
       | result from importing a European-style antitrust framework to all
       | sections of the American economy."
       | 
       | Netchoice represents mostly American giants, but also Chinese
       | dominant players. So it's interesting is to see the Chinese tech
       | giants through their lobbying proxy coming out against Biden's
       | anti-monopoly actions, and praising conservative Republicans Jim
       | Jordan and Mike Lee in the process. It's clear that both big
       | tech, and China's own tech giants, do not want to see anti-
       | monopolists like Lina Khan succeed. But conservative Trump-
       | supportive ranchers, by contrast, do."
       | 
       | It is almost as if these "tech" companies are trying to sow
       | divisiveness. Divide and conquer.
        
         | walkedaway wrote:
         | > It is almost as if these "tech" companies are trying to sow
         | divisiveness
         | 
         | It's worked in their business model for over a decade. Their
         | actions over the last five years have shown they have built up
         | operations as core competencies in helping divide our country.
         | Although one could argue they are just delivering what their
         | customers want (otherwise customers would leave said
         | platforms).
        
       | Sophistifunk wrote:
       | "Big Pharma" in the eyes of the public is two related but
       | separate issues; 1) the weird employment-insurance-hospital loop
       | that has developed in the US, and the terrible second-order-
       | consequences of all the open-high/settle-low insurer<->carer
       | system it led to, and 2) the medicine advertisements, and all the
       | terrible consequences thereof.
       | 
       | The second one seems like a much easier thing to get rid of using
       | hard government power, and should be the low-hanging fruit.
       | 
       | The first will require a decade of masterful leadership, co-
       | operation from competing interests, and delicate undoing over
       | time that I don't think any country in the west has right now.
        
         | ampdepolymerase wrote:
         | And the Congress mandated monopoly on residency positions and
         | building new hospitals. We would have a lot more advances in
         | medical science if MD positions were not gate kept by the
         | artificially limited residency positions.
        
           | CrimpCity wrote:
           | Agreed! Also if residents worked regular hours like normal
           | people instead of going after the cokehead who came up with
           | the whole residency process. This isn't the military there's
           | no reason for that sort of environment.
        
         | deviledeggs wrote:
         | The corruption runs deeper than that. Something like 50% of
         | drug discovery is funded by US govt, taxpayers. Yet 100% of the
         | profits from new drugs goes to big pharma. They're robbing us.
        
         | o8r3oFTZPE wrote:
         | ""Big Pharma" in the eyes of the public..."
         | 
         | What the public does not see is how the patent system is gamed
         | by generic sellers. How this works is not something that can be
         | easily explained in a single paragraph.
         | 
         | The problem is specifically mentioned in the Fact Sheet/Order.
         | This is a legitimate antitrust issue but it is exceedingly
         | difficult to succeed in the courts.
        
           | runeks wrote:
           | > How this works is not something that can be easily
           | explained in a single paragraph.
           | 
           | Where can we find the explanation?
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | I think they mean that existing generic drugs are
             | repurposed for new medical conditions. Where the new
             | condition is then patented.
        
             | o8r3oFTZPE wrote:
             | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26817958/
             | 
             | Another line of research would be PBMs (Pharmacy Benefit
             | Managers). These are another primary means through which
             | drug prices are manipulated by Big Pharma, away from public
             | scrutiny. Some Big Pharma companies have actually formed
             | their own PBMs to provide better secrecy.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy_benefit_management
             | 
             | Understanding what's really going on, i.e., exactly how it
             | works, would require reading and understanding a
             | significant amount of case law or working for Big Pharma.
             | Note that understanding how it all works will not
             | necessarily lead to change, unfortunately. PhRMA does a
             | reliable job of making sure things stay the same year after
             | year. These problems with gaming Hatch-Waxman have been
             | around since the 90's. IMO, Big Pharma's lobbyists are far
             | more skilled than Big Tech's lobbysists. Time will tell.
             | 
             | There is no single factor that is wholly responsible for
             | higher drug prices. It is many factors. This is probably
             | why it is such a difficult problem to solve.
             | 
             | Here is one example of one Hatch-Waxman "loophole." This is
             | the one with antitrust issues that I had in mind when
             | making that comment.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_payment_patent_settle
             | m...
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | Lutger wrote:
         | These are all mostly non-issues outside of the US where
         | virtually all countries have implemented some form of universal
         | healthcare. The US is really unique in this respect, being so
         | affluent and having an almost unbridled capitalism with a huge
         | influence on politics.
         | 
         | It's always strange to me to read discussions about healthcare
         | on somewhat 'global' forums like this, because this is a US
         | specific issue. It's healthcare system is such a deviation from
         | what is the norm globally.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_systems_by_country...
         | 
         | There is, of course, 'Big Pharma' everywhere. However I think
         | in the eyes of non-US public it's rather about large
         | corporations wielding a disproportionate power. A power that is
         | incentivized by profit motivates which don't necessarily align
         | with the public health interest.
        
         | hyperhopper wrote:
         | There is also a third issue:
         | 
         | The high cost of medicines that are low cost to produce, and
         | are sold at low cost elsewhere
        
           | Sophistifunk wrote:
           | This is mostly what I meant by the first issue, sorry I
           | wasn't clearer. And that was after re-writing that sentence a
           | few times, even :-/
        
           | whoooooo123 wrote:
           | As a non-American, this is the only thing I think of when the
           | prompt is "Big Pharma", and OP's original two points went
           | right past me.
        
           | AnthonyMouse wrote:
           | This one is particularly prickly because the high cost paid
           | in the US funds medical R&D and extremely expensive clinical
           | trials which other countries are free riding on by imposing
           | price controls. We still need to fund the R&D and clinical
           | trials (unless they could be made less expensive somehow), so
           | the most obvious solution would be to have other countries
           | pay their fair share so the US could stop subsidizing
           | everybody else. But that's hard to get.
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | That does not compute though. If prices are lowered, sales
             | volumes will go up because people (and insurance companies)
             | can afford it. I'm no economic, but we've seen time and
             | time again that lowering prices boosts volume sold to the
             | point where eventual profit is much higher.
             | 
             | I mean the government can pitch in via subsidies for
             | medicine R&D if it's really necessary, but honestly the
             | pharma companies are swimming in money, they can afford to
             | funnel money into R&D and pay their taxes instead of
             | pushing it upwards to shareholders and foreign bank
             | accounts.
        
               | koolba wrote:
               | > I'm no economic, but we've seen time and time again
               | that lowering prices boosts volume sold to the point
               | where eventual profit is much higher.
               | 
               | The current system has whoever can afford it pay the high
               | price, whoever can afford less pay a lower price, and
               | whoever can't pay anything doesn't pay anything.
               | 
               | Lowering drug costs won't change the number of people
               | taking drugs. That already based on need. All that
               | changes is the amount of total profits.
               | 
               | The only politically and morally acceptable answer for
               | this is to raise the price of drug costs globally to
               | soften the change in profits.
        
               | Nasrudith wrote:
               | Amusingly I would have expected the opposite in terms of
               | what people find acceptable. Trying to charge say $200
               | for HIV medication to subsistence farmers in Sudan would
               | be viewed as unconscionable.
               | 
               | In a period of unemployment I found that my medications
               | basically operated on the afford less lower price - they
               | gave coupons usable without insurance to far more
               | reasonable prices. I can see clear brand promption and
               | price discrimination here - they don't want to surrender
               | market mindshare and brand name recognition by giving up
               | the low end or their margins by cutting the cost across
               | the board. So they give discounts that usually only the
               | low end could or would take. Ironically such slightly
               | sleazy behavior fits with one hypocratic oath vow to only
               | charge what was within their ability to pay.
               | 
               | Or course "globally" probably means more charge other
               | first world nations so it would be more "splitting the
               | check among coworkers" than "demand the penniless man in
               | the breadline pay a dollar". Still a position I expect to
               | be US popular only.
               | 
               | As far as I can tell drug prices are driven by mainly one
               | thing, realpolitik. Hepatitis C cures are targetted based
               | upon organ transplant costs because that is the only
               | alternative so it still helps but they make huge profits
               | as say $75k drug treatments are still a big improvement
               | over $150k of transplant costs. Unified blocs can twist
               | arms to a certain degree, tiny blocs pay more for reasons
               | beyond just spikey risk pools and meta-insurance, and
               | companies will accept lower profits from some sales if it
               | helps maintain higher profit sales.
        
             | onethought wrote:
             | "Imposing price controls" !? Couldn't the company just not
             | sell at that price... it is obviously still profitable to
             | them.
        
             | adrianN wrote:
             | I wonder why we don't fund drug development directly, using
             | tax money and then let companies produce the drugs for a
             | reasonable fee. I feel like drug development shouldn't be
             | prioritized by the estimated amount of profit one can get
             | from the drug.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Is there reason to think that government bureaucrats
               | would do a better job at efficient resource allocation? I
               | expect they would channel funding based on politics with
               | little regard for outcomes.
        
               | adrianN wrote:
               | Is there a reason to think that government bureaucrats
               | would do a worse job? I mean, generally I trust the
               | government to run things like building roads, or taking
               | care of security and education reasonably well. At least
               | as well as a private organization would.
               | 
               | "Efficient" resource allocation strongly depends on your
               | performance measure. I don't think that "maximize
               | shareholder value" is necessarily the best measure to use
               | for healthcare.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | > Is there reason to think that government bureaucrats
               | would do a better job at efficient resource allocation?
               | 
               | Yes. Government institutions (academia, DARPA, CERN,
               | etc.) created the original internet!
               | 
               | And then companies messed it up.
        
             | passivate wrote:
             | For vaccines, most major countries want trials repeated
             | with their local population before approving them.
             | 
             | Ironically, in the US, many/most(?) core-science phds and
             | post-docs are immigrants who are used as "cheap labor". For
             | double irony, they're often from countries that have price
             | controls on pharma/biotech products.
        
             | slumdev wrote:
             | If American drug makers fired all the young ladies whose
             | job is to bring coffee and donuts to your internist's
             | office, and they stopped sending your internist away for
             | golf weekends to learn more about why they should be
             | prescribing Rosuvamax instead of Crestulon, I think they
             | could probably bring costs in line with those in other
             | countries...
        
             | TearsInTheRain wrote:
             | Idk why any politicians arent picking up on foreign price
             | controls as a means of lowering costs in the US. It should
             | be a part of the discussion during any trade talks with
             | Europe.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | The problem is chemistry isn't that different from
               | software. Once you publish the idea it isn't too
               | difficult to derive the chemical composition. Replication
               | is the easy part. Design and testing cost money.
               | 
               | So in essence we'd have to design drugs and not publish
               | the chemistry which would be uncovered soon enough
               | anyways. This leads to a situation where investment
               | dollars go into other things and human health suffers,
               | especially with so-called rare diseases.
               | 
               | Not to mention the USA loses hegemony. The USA provides
               | Europe with a great deal of military technology and
               | protection as well as medicine but it isn't for free. The
               | EU exchanges agency in many ways important strategically
               | to American interests. It's mainly a fair deal.
        
               | Glawen wrote:
               | How on earth would that happen? It will just be as
               | expensive in Europe as in the US.
               | 
               | You really think that nobody outside the US are making
               | drugs? Like no drugs are ever developed in Europe??
        
               | perryizgr8 wrote:
               | > It will just be as expensive in Europe as in the US.
               | 
               | Cost can be shared among the US and Europe populations.
               | So per user cost would come down by a lot.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | What you're literally saying is: instead of ending
               | predatory pricing, enforce it for the rest of the world.
               | 
               | Here's a novel idea: cut military spending in half, and
               | you can provide all the free medicine to all Americans
               | for the rest of their lives. All the while making the
               | world a safer place.
        
               | l33t2328 wrote:
               | Are you aware that the US government already spends far
               | more on health care than it does on the military?
               | 
               | Half the US defense budget is no where near the amount
               | spent on healthcare in the private sector.
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | I wasn't, so I went and looked it up and you were right
               | from what I found -
               | 
               | Healthcare:
               | 
               | The federal government spent nearly $1.2 trillion in
               | fiscal year 2019. In addition, income tax expenditures
               | for health care totaled $234 billion.
               | 
               | https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/briefing-book/how-much-
               | does-...
               | 
               | Defense:
               | 
               | Defense spending amounted to $714 billion in FY 2020--and
               | is expected to increase to $733 billion in FY 2021.
               | 
               | https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-21-415t
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | although I guess it is true the U.S could cut defense
               | spending less than in half and pay 234 billion for
               | everyone, so the original comment isn't totally off.
        
               | l33t2328 wrote:
               | That's not accounting private insurance, which is more
               | than a trillion per year[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-
               | Systems/Sta...
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | thanks! didn't know that.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | VictorPath wrote:
               | > Defense spending amounted to $714 billion in FY 2020--
               | and is expected to increase to $733 billion in FY 2021.
               | 
               | A soldier whose leg was blown up in Afghanistan and is
               | still in a hospital - is not part of that $714-733
               | billion. So the US military budget is only that low if
               | your definition of "defense" spending does not cover
               | that.
               | 
               | The reality is the US spends over one trillion a year in
               | military spending.
               | 
               | Your own link says as much. It puts "Veteran's medical
               | care" under the health care entitlement side of the
               | equation, as opposed to the military spending side of the
               | equation.
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | >A soldier whose leg was blown up in Afghanistan and is
               | still in a hospital - is not part of that $714-733
               | billion.
               | 
               | first off I thought it was clear from my comment that I
               | had not believed the original comment that healthcare was
               | greater than defense spending, but some initial
               | investigation seems to confirm it.
               | 
               | The reason that I had not believed it was that I thought
               | there was an ideological axe to grind behind the
               | statement, so I was surprised.
               | 
               | It seems to me that you maybe are thinking the same thing
               | about me, that is to say I have an ideological axe to
               | grind proving that U.S defense spending is not that high.
               | If so a quick examination of my posting history and the
               | posts here should dissuade you of this.
               | 
               | As far as your argument - I agree the medical costs of
               | the soldier still in the hospital should probably be
               | counted in defense costs somehow but not sure how you
               | would do it as I do not believe a veteran out in the job
               | market working 9-5 and going to the VA for some medical
               | costs should be counted as defense spending. Thus I don't
               | think it is possible to just move all the costs of the VA
               | over and get any fairer an accounting than one has now.
        
               | l33t2328 wrote:
               | > A soldier whose leg was blown up in Afghanistan and is
               | still in a hospital - is not part of that $714-733
               | billion.
               | 
               | Where are you getting that? From here
               | https://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/IF11442.pdf and the link
               | in the comment you responded to it seems that it is only
               | about 80 billion.
               | 
               | Even if you add that to the 700 billion figure for the
               | military, and add 200 billion for the entire VA, Medicare
               | and Medicade alone account for well over a trillion
               | dollars, and that's not even the majority of healthcare
               | expenses in the US.
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | >Medicare and Medicade alone account for well over a
               | trillion dollars,
               | 
               | damn, right again. That sure is a mind blowing situation
               | the U.S is in.
               | 
               | https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-
               | Systems/Sta...
               | 
               | Medicare spending grew 6.7% to $799.4 billion in 2019, or
               | 21 percent of total NHE.
               | 
               | Medicaid spending grew 2.9% to $613.5 billion in 2019, or
               | 16 percent of total NHE.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | > Are you aware that the US government already spends far
               | more on health care than it does on the military
               | 
               | At least 34% of that is spent on admin alone:
               | https://time.com/5759972/health-care-administrative-
               | costs/ and most of _that_ is on privately insurers
               | overhead.
               | 
               | > Half the US defense budget is no where near the amount
               | spent on healthcare in the private sector
               | 
               | It would be way more than enough _if_ there was some
               | political will behind it.
        
               | l33t2328 wrote:
               | > and most of that is on privately insurers overhead.
               | 
               | It's true that the plurality of healthcare costs are
               | private insurance, but medicare and medicade combine to a
               | little less than twice the entire defense budget.
               | 
               | The US government could cut significantly into the out of
               | pocket expenses if they halved the defense budget. This
               | link is interesting: https://www.cms.gov/Research-
               | Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Sta...
        
             | tigerBL00D wrote:
             | Isn't part of the problem that the US/FDA trial and
             | certification process is designed to be very expensive? And
             | who benefits from a moat created by high cost of R&D if not
             | big pharma? I seriously doubt that pharma lobby would be
             | thrilled if costs of bringing new drugs to market suddenly
             | fell by several orders of magnitude, so it's not going to
             | happen.
        
             | legulere wrote:
             | Pharmaceutical companies spend even more on advertising
             | than on R&D and still highly profitable though.
        
               | RomanAlexander wrote:
               | It could easily be the case that without the advertising
               | spend they would not be profitable. Do you think these
               | publicly traded companies are wasting tons of money on
               | advertising? Where is the shareholder outrage?
        
               | 1auralynn wrote:
               | I worked in pharma advertising for a little bit: There
               | are two sides, consumer and clinical which I believe are
               | about equal spends (might be wrong, but it's significant
               | anyway). Clinical advertising is mostly used to recruit
               | doctors to recruit patients to take part in clinicial
               | trials, and is a necessary component of R&D. Think lots
               | of tradeshows with fancy signage, interactive
               | touchscreens, apps, etc.
        
               | legulere wrote:
               | It could also be tragic of the commons effect though.
               | High ad spend is necessitated by the high ad spend of
               | competitors.
        
               | nerfhammer wrote:
               | According to one google search result total pharma ad
               | spend was $6.58 billion in 2020.
               | 
               | According to the CBO pharma R&D was $83 billion in 2019.
               | 
               | References:
               | 
               | https://www.fiercepharma.com/special-report/top-10-ad-
               | spende...
               | 
               | https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57126
        
               | diffeomorphism wrote:
               | You are off by a factor 10. The 1 billion is in total
               | over all the time needed to produce the drug (about 10
               | years), while ads are per year.
        
               | nerfhammer wrote:
               | ok, so 65 drugs in development, with 6.5 drugs _released_
               | per year? does that seem plausible for the entire pharma
               | industry?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | The FDA approved 53 novel drugs in 2020. That was
               | relatively high; most years have lower totals.
               | 
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/817534/annual-novel-
               | drug...
        
               | diffeomorphism wrote:
               | You notice you are off by a factor 10 and don't pause for
               | a moment but instead immediately go "ok, so"?
        
               | nerfhammer wrote:
               | If it costs a billion dollars to develop a drug and
               | pharma spends 6.5 billion on ads, that would mean an
               | implausibly small number of drugs being developed, no?
               | 
               | I don't see any reason to believe that pharma spends more
               | on ads than R&D. Do you?
        
               | ABCLAW wrote:
               | Just to chime in; the poster you're replying to is
               | correct regarding your incorrectness related to the
               | relative weighting of R&D vs. Marketing spend.
               | 
               | Pull a public filing for these companies and take a look
               | at their balance sheets; it's pretty straight forward.
        
               | diffeomorphism wrote:
               | > that would mean
               | 
               | No.
               | 
               | > Do you?
               | 
               | The fact that you just reposted your above comment
               | without any change despite knowing it was wrong and
               | despite being called out on that. That seems like a
               | strong point in favor of the opposite of whatever your
               | position is.
        
             | snarfy wrote:
             | I was under the impression a large amount of medical R&D is
             | paid for by taxes and done by university students. We pay
             | for it and private industry benefits.
        
             | onion2k wrote:
             | I always assumed a fairly significant chunk of that
             | research is to find minor modifications to existing drugs
             | in order to maintain patents that are about to expire. It
             | certainly feels like that happens a lot.
        
             | PaywallBuster wrote:
             | are the clinical trials more expensive in the US than
             | anywhere else??
             | 
             | Maybe that's part of the reason medicines cost multiple
             | times more?
        
             | mucholove wrote:
             | The rising price of Insulin is not funding the R&D of new
             | drugs.
        
             | cycomanic wrote:
             | Do you have any data to back up that claim? Traditionally
             | US pharma has had lower R&D budgets than their
             | international competitors.
        
             | FooBarWidget wrote:
             | I've heard of this argument before but I think it really
             | needs some evidence. Is there a study that corroborates
             | this claim?
             | 
             | Even if the US really "subsidizes" medicine for the rest of
             | the world, what motives do pharmas have to sell medicine at
             | lower-than-production/R&D-cost to the rest of the world?
             | Couldn't they just sell to the US exclusively, let the rest
             | of the world rot, and then sit on a bigger pile of cash as
             | a result?
        
             | diffeomorphism wrote:
             | That is a common talking point, but I don't know of any
             | data actually backing that up. It just sounds nice like
             | "they hate freedom". No, nobody does, try again.
        
               | jpttsn wrote:
               | Would you know of the data if it existed? Absence of
               | evidence is a low bar for disbelieving a proposition.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | I've been a fan of increasing tax credits for medical R&D
             | in exchange for price limits along, or simply, with a limit
             | on the ratio a drug can be sold domestically versus
             | overseas.
        
             | philjohn wrote:
             | Not necessarily - look at Valeant Pharmaceuticals.
             | 
             | They bought smaller Pharma co's, gutted R&D, and jacked up
             | prices of the medications they sold.
        
             | NicoJuicy wrote:
             | Then why is every covid vaccine ouside the US, if other
             | countries are "free-riding" the US R&D?
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | > This one is particularly prickly because the high cost
             | paid in the US funds medical R&D
             | 
             | Most of those money goes on marketing.
             | 
             | Moreover, I think that US citizens did not signed up to pay
             | medical R&D for whole world while they are sick. In fact,
             | US citizens tend to have issues with paying researcher,
             | social support and so on from their money.
             | 
             | R&D paid from taxes or insurance makes way more sense then
             | paid by those who already deal with health crisis.
        
             | matt_s wrote:
             | We're also funding massive advertisement campaigns, those
             | can simply go away with a couple Thanos-like snaps as far
             | as I care.
             | 
             | There is zero need to advertise drugs to potential patients
             | which need a doctors prescription.
        
             | Notanothertoo wrote:
             | Except these companies spend more on marketing than rnd.
        
             | jeeeb wrote:
             | I've seen this claim made a few times.
             | 
             | If this is true then surely it would be in the US's
             | interest to stop doing it! Stop us freeloaders from
             | mooching off your drug development!
             | 
             | Personally I'm doubtful that this claim is broadly true
             | though. I think it should at least be backed by some decent
             | analysis.
        
               | IfOnlyYouKnew wrote:
               | The US does pay about twice as much per capita for
               | healthcare, while getting rather mediocre results. No,
               | it's not in the country's best interest as any normal
               | person would understand it.
               | 
               | But there's a large segment of the US population that has
               | very strange priorities. They are willing to pay a bit
               | extra to avoid the possibility of, say, poor people
               | getting healthcare.
               | 
               | (They also pay 5x as much for their military, compared to
               | their NATO peers. It's the export version of their
               | particular brand of sadism.)
        
             | andyferris wrote:
             | Europe does drug R&D and still manages to sell their drugs
             | at a reasonable price to sick people (generally because
             | their governments utilize their buying power for the good
             | of their citizens).
             | 
             | It seems to me that US people have been sold FUD by there
             | own pharma companies, if I'm honest.
        
               | namdnay wrote:
               | > Europe does drug R&D and still manages to sell their
               | drugs at a reasonable price to sick people
               | 
               | Every European drug firm also sells in the US, so I
               | suspect that's taken into account in their business model
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Europe does drug R &D and still manages to sell their
               | drugs at a reasonable price to sick people_
               | 
               | Most novel R&D, in America and Europe, happens in
               | biotech. ("Big" pharma does trials, manufacturing scaling
               | and distribution.) The investment thesis for most of this
               | research does not work without the American market.
               | 
               | This doesn't mean high drug prices are a necessity. Just
               | that the funding needs to be replaced if we want to
               | preserve innovation.
        
               | m12k wrote:
               | But to be fair, the US pharma sector spends roughly as
               | much on marketing as it does on R&D. And a huge chunk of
               | that R&D budget goes into analogue drugs to either
               | sidestep patents from rivals or maintain profit margins
               | when their own patents expire (they can then use that
               | huge marketing budget to get the newly patented drug to
               | take over for the old one with the nearly-expired patent,
               | despite small or non-existent benefits from a medical
               | perspective). So long story short, there's a pretty good
               | case to be made that public research with somewhere
               | between 1/10th and 1/5th the budget of big pharma is all
               | it takes to match or overtake them in innovation, as
               | measured by actual benefit to the patients.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > But to be fair, the US pharma sector spends roughly as
               | much on marketing as it does on R&D.
               | 
               | Spending money on marketing lowers prices by increasing
               | volumes.
               | 
               | If you spend a billion dollars on R&D and then spend
               | nothing on marketing and sell to 200,000 customers, they
               | would each have to pay $5000 to fund the R&D. If you
               | spend a billion dollars on R&D and two billion dollars on
               | marketing and sell to a million customers, they would
               | each have to pay $3000 to fund both the R&D and the
               | marketing.
               | 
               | And it also does something useful, assuming the new drug
               | is actually beneficial, by making people aware of the
               | existence of something that would make their lives
               | better. It helps no one to invent a great new thing that
               | then nobody uses because nobody knows it exists.
               | 
               | > And a huge chunk of that R&D budget goes into analogue
               | drugs to either sidestep patents from rivals or maintain
               | profit margins when their own patents expire (they can
               | then use that huge marketing budget to get the newly
               | patented drug to take over for the old one with the
               | nearly-expired patent, despite small or non-existent
               | benefits from a medical perspective).
               | 
               | It doesn't actually cost that much to do that because you
               | already know what you're looking for in that case. It's
               | the real R&D that costs money.
               | 
               | > So long story short, there's a pretty good case to be
               | made that public research with somewhere between 1/10th
               | and 1/5th the budget of big pharma is all it takes to
               | match or overtake them in innovation, as measured by
               | actual benefit to the patients.
               | 
               | The biggest problem with public research funding is how
               | to allocate it.
               | 
               | With a profit motive and market competition, the people
               | who allocate research funding inefficiently go out of
               | business and the people who allocate it well make a lot
               | of money, and then have more money to fund more research.
               | 
               | Without that, research funding turns into defense
               | contracting and then we waste trillions of dollars and
               | have nothing to show for it. Or worse, politicians say
               | we'll only need 1/10th of the budget even though the
               | incentives aren't actually there to improve efficiency,
               | and then we get 1/10th of the research.
        
               | frenchy wrote:
               | > Spending money on marketing lowers prices by increasing
               | volumes.
               | 
               | That explains why they do it, but not why it's useful to
               | the public. Marketing isn't necessarily a zero sum game,
               | but it in the case of direct-to-consumer drug
               | advertisments, it's pretty close.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | That's fair enough, maybe Europeans should pay more than
               | they do for pharmaceuticals and get away with paying less
               | due to the huge profits Pharma makes out of the US health
               | care system.
               | 
               | That's not really on Europe though. It's for the US to
               | sort out it's horrifically dysfunctional health care
               | system, if it chooses to. Honestly I don't know if what
               | Biden plans to do, particularly in relation to Big Pharma
               | is reasonable. I suspect it's likely to be treating the
               | symptoms with regulation rather than the disease through
               | reform, but maybe that's what you do when treating the
               | disease runs into insurmountable political resistance.
        
               | guiriduro wrote:
               | Political resistance is the disease.
        
               | hellbannedguy wrote:
               | China, and Russia, and other countries, are making big
               | breakthroughs in biotech, but we are hesitant on
               | believing their results--now.
               | 
               | They have the advantage of pushing through Clinical
               | trials without much oversight.
               | 
               | I am all for strict Clinical trial protocols, but our
               | biotech companies are testing their drugs in countries
               | that don't have strict protocols on safety.
               | 
               | I don't get the price increase argument anymore. The
               | biotech companies are multinational. It's just Americans
               | give them the most money.
               | 
               | I'm getting afraid of the whole, "American biotech will
               | cure anything because of the financial perks they get"
               | mantra too.
               | 
               | I pay out of pocket for my needs at Costco. Their prices
               | are a bit above wholesale. That said, I pay way to much
               | for certain drugs. I guarantee their are shinagigans
               | going on in the pricing if certain drugs.
               | 
               | Bupenorpine us a generic drug. Why gave I been paying $70
               | for a decade?
               | 
               | (This drug is America's answer to the opioid crisis. I
               | was prescribed this drug off label for another condition.
               | It's the price that has me scratching my head. It's been
               | the same price for too long. Other pharmacy's price it
               | higher.)
               | 
               | I won't get started on the drugs (new--not genetic)
               | prescribed for depression. And then reading Irving
               | Kirsch's research. His paper can be found, but you need
               | to hunt for it. I'll offer this interview.
               | 
               | https://www.aarp.org/health/drugs-
               | supplements/info-05-2010/d...
               | 
               | I am proud of Biden's promise to lower prices. I am so
               | glad he's at the helm. I'm not being overly political. I
               | just am just at bit hopeful now. Something I haven't been
               | in 4 plus years.
        
               | IfOnlyYouKnew wrote:
               | To get approval in US and Europe, the trials need to be
               | of the same quality no matter where they are run.
               | Sometimes it may be cheaper in poorer countries because
               | you don't have to pay your volunteers as much. You still
               | need to check all the appropriate boxes regarding
               | informed consent as anywhere else. And, of course,
               | western companies are entirely capable to run trials
               | anywhere in the world. The COVID vaccine trials were run
               | in Europe, the US, South Africa, Israel, and really any
               | place where the incidence was high enough.
               | 
               | And China and Russia are not "making big breakthroughs":
               | just look at the vaccines again: BioNTech/Moderna/J&J/AZ
               | all work extremely well, all things considered. The
               | Russian and Chinese vaccines don't. Just ask/look at the
               | charts of Chile. Or any Russian.
        
               | Monory wrote:
               | Am Russian, am vaccinated with Sputnik V, would do it
               | again. Yes, the study was rushed and details were
               | missing, but, eventually, all things got in order.
               | 
               | And it's a real working vaccine, effects of which I see
               | basically every day on my friends.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Yes: unless a vaccine is harmful, it's better to have
               | than not. Higher effectiveness is better, of course, but
               | if there was ever a time to say "don't let perfect be the
               | enemy of good", it's during a raging pandemic.
        
               | madengr wrote:
               | Well he seems to be doing the opposite.
               | 
               | https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/01/politics/biden-trump-drug-
               | pri...
        
               | BobbyJo wrote:
               | > They have the advantage of pushing through Clinical
               | trials without much oversight.
               | 
               | This isn't an advantage. What you end up with is a lack
               | of clarity on what works well, what doesn't, and why. It
               | makes it easy to go from A to B, a hypothesis to a drug,
               | but it clouds what C, D, and E should be, as that lack of
               | oversight turns into a lack of deeper insight.
        
               | bigbizisverywyz wrote:
               | MY understanding (at least in the UK) was that hospitals
               | and universities also do a lot of research (often
               | cutting-edge), and are often the source of innovation.
               | These entities are largely publicly funded.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | Most drugs appear first in publicly-funded research, but
               | so does every other compound that can get past a p value
               | of 0.05.
               | 
               | The main value proposition of big pharma is that they
               | take those results, find the ones that actually work
               | (very few of them do), study them for side effects, and
               | characterize them. There is a LOT of work between the
               | published research and an actual drug (there is actually
               | significantly more risk and cost to go from a paper to a
               | drug than to write the initial paper).
        
               | mft_ wrote:
               | In the context of this discussion, 'Europe' doesn't do
               | 'R&D'.
               | 
               | Biotech/Pharma are international. Irrespective of the
               | home location of the organisation, virtually every drug
               | trial from phase I onwards will be run in multiple
               | countries. Further, virtually every drug found to work
               | and filed with regulators for a license, will be filed
               | internationally: Europe (EMA), US (FDA), and a whole host
               | of smaller independent country regulators: Japan,
               | Australia, Switzerland, etc.
               | 
               | So within the overall business model of a given company,
               | there's no link between the countries in which research
               | is performed, and the prices ultimately set in those
               | countries.
               | 
               | Drugs are more expensive in the US simply because there
               | aren't any pricing controls (beyond maybe some bargaining
               | by providers; I can only assume this is because of the
               | power of lobbying over the political process in the US).
               | Drugs are cheaper where there's an established process
               | for determining or controlling prices.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | > In the context of this discussion, 'Europe' doesn't do
               | 'R&D'.
               | 
               | Ever wonder why it's the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine? It's
               | because the simple nationalist narrative you're repeating
               | is misrepresenting a far more complicated international
               | research story.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioNTech
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | > Drugs are more expensive in the US simply because there
               | aren't any pricing controls...
               | 
               | There aren't any other markets where "pricing controls"
               | are needed. Drugs are more expensive in the US simply
               | because it is illegal for a 3rd party to sell them.
               | 
               | If it were legal, anyone could buy the drugs where they
               | are cheapest and ship them to America. The problem is
               | obviously that competition is banned. If that isn't the
               | problem, the entire population of the world is remarkably
               | indifferent to a really easy opportunity to make lots of
               | money.
               | 
               | And, I suppose almost to obviously to add, if competition
               | is illegal then prices go up.
        
               | mft_ wrote:
               | I'm not an expert on the import/export side.
               | 
               | When I used the term 'pricing control', I was referring
               | to the systems that some countries (eg UK, Germany) have
               | in place for determining the price they'll pay for a drug
               | based on (roughly) the value it brings to patients. (The
               | best known of these is probably NICE in the UK; it's not
               | a perfect system, but it's a pretty good attempt.) Other
               | countries in turn 'reference' their price from a number
               | of similar countries including those with formal
               | processes.
               | 
               | Broadly, this is why drug prices are controlled and lower
               | in Europe vs. the US.
               | 
               | In the US, even where there are competing drugs in the
               | same disease, there's no pressure on prices -
               | manufacturers can just keep on racking up their prices
               | almost without a concern.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | Well, ok. But the reason it costs more in the US is
               | because it is illegal to go to Germany, buy drugs, ship
               | them to the US & sell them.
               | 
               | If that was legal, someone would do it and make bank. And
               | it is the US that is responsible for those laws.
        
               | long_time_gone wrote:
               | ==There aren't any other markets where "pricing controls"
               | are needed.==
               | 
               | The minimum wage rate is a price control.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | sre79chn wrote:
             | This is an unfortunate moral hazard due to the petrodollar.
        
             | wvenable wrote:
             | In 2018, the average insulin price in the US was $98.70,
             | compared to $6.94 in Australia, $12.00 in Canada, and $7.52
             | in the UK. This is a 100 year old drug.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | It isn't a 100 year old drug. There are newer
               | formulations that are faster acting, longer lasting,
               | easier to administer, etc. They're newer so they're still
               | under patent so they're a lot more expensive (because the
               | rest of the world makes the US pay to develop the newer
               | formulations). When insurance is paying for it, people
               | prefer the newer formulations.
               | 
               | Then, since most people have insurance, there wasn't
               | enough of a market for the older formulations for anybody
               | to bother making them for the margins you get for making
               | a generic. So the prices were high for people paying out
               | of pocket.
        
               | code_duck wrote:
               | That was true at one point, but the newer formulations of
               | insulin are old enough to mostly have biosimilars, aka
               | follow-ons, the equivalent of generics for drugs produced
               | by bioengineering. Humalog/Lispro/Admelog,
               | Lantus/Basaglar and others, in many cases made by the
               | same company as the original.
               | 
               | The prices of insulin have been increased steadily each
               | year by about 11% for the past 20 years. There's nothing
               | about research or costs that justify that for 20 year old
               | drugs.
               | 
               | https://www.businessinsider.com/insulin-price-increased-
               | last...
               | 
               | The old formulations (Human insulin, NPH) can be
               | purchased without a prescription at Walmart for fairly
               | low prices - the price that people pay for modern insulin
               | in the rest of the world.
        
               | prestigious wrote:
               | At least give the option of the old shit
        
               | AuryGlenz wrote:
               | Walmart sells vials of the generic "old shit" for cheap.
        
               | xmprt wrote:
               | Do you have a source? I wasn't able to find any mention
               | of it on Walmart's website.
        
               | themaninthedark wrote:
               | https://diabetesstrong.com/walmart-insulin/
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _At least give the option of the old shit_
               | 
               | It's available. It's just _far_ less convenient and much
               | easier to fuck up in a life-threatening way.
               | 
               | The insulin price meme is a particularly bad one.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | It is really not. The price disparity between US and rest
               | of world is quite massive.
        
               | kongolongo wrote:
               | The often quoted prices do not take into account the
               | actual price paid by consumers, the type of insulin being
               | compared, or relative purchasing power of the countries.
               | I don't actually know how if insulin is actually all that
               | much more expensive across the world when taking those
               | factors into account. Seems like cherry picking without
               | controlling for all of those factors
        
               | hug wrote:
               | This doesn't pass the smell test.
               | 
               | Anyone making the decade-old version of insulin and
               | selling it for 1% of the price would corner a large
               | portion of the market immediately. Anyone without good
               | health insurance, which is a large and increasing part of
               | the population, would immediately jump on the lower
               | priced version.
               | 
               | And since when are insurance companies excited to pay for
               | the more expensive drug with limited extra utility
               | anyway?
               | 
               | You are giving far too much credit to what is on the face
               | of it a broken system.
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | ^ Exactly this. They can sell the premium version for
               | however much they choose to, but the cheaper one - the
               | affordable, the one that should be given out for free -
               | is simply not available enough, it's being suppressed by
               | the pharma industry in favor of their own premium,
               | expensive product.
               | 
               | I mean what are people else going to do, die? Oh wait.
               | 
               | I don't understand commenters in this thread coming out
               | in defense of pharmacy companies using their monopoly or
               | influence to deny health care to people that need it. It
               | should be considered a criminal offense. It's anti-
               | competitive. I mean with insulin it's a massive hole in
               | the market - why hasn't anyone else been able to jump
               | into that gap and make a killing?
        
               | brigandish wrote:
               | > This doesn't pass the smell test.
               | 
               | We saw something similar happen during the pandemic.
               | There has to be infrastructure and people with the skill
               | and knowledge to support an industry available, and even
               | if you had those people available you can't just ramp up
               | production in any old place. That's why there were supply
               | chain problems and will continue to be, the UK won't be
               | making its own drugs (designing, yes, making, no) just
               | because it did in the past, the US won't be making
               | computer chips just because it did in the past. There
               | being a profit to be made isn't enough.
               | 
               | > You are giving far too much credit to what is on the
               | face of it a broken system.
               | 
               | The system may be broken but fixing it takes more than a
               | wave of the hand.
        
               | dtech wrote:
               | > Anyone without good health insurance, which is a large
               | and increasing part of the population, would immediately
               | jump on the lower priced version.
               | 
               | Medicine isn't like a supermarket, people usually just
               | take what their doctor/hospital prescribes. In addition,
               | I think it's likely that those with no/worse health
               | insurance are on average less informed.
        
               | coryrc wrote:
               | You can buy the old one for cheap now:
               | https://diabetesstrong.com/walmart-insulin/
               | 
               | That's 6% not 1% of the cost of new ones, though.
        
               | MagnumOpus wrote:
               | Since this month - and it is headline news all over the
               | country... It shouldn't be extraordinary that cheap drugs
               | needed by millions are available cheaply. (See also: Epi
               | Pens.)
        
               | themaninthedark wrote:
               | Since 2000.
               | 
               | >McInnis explained since 2000, Walmart has sold ReliOn
               | insulin, the only private insulin brand on the market
               | retailing at $24.88 per vial.
               | 
               | https://www.wfmynews2.com/article/news/verify-yes-
               | walmart-do...
               | 
               | Walmart just started selling analog insulin(the newer
               | formulation) just recently.
               | https://nypost.com/2021/06/29/walmart-to-launch-its-own-
               | low-...
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | > Then, since most people have insurance, there wasn't
               | enough of a market for the older formulations for anybody
               | to bother making them for the margins you get for making
               | a generic.
               | 
               | Is there some research confirming that? It doesn't quite
               | match my out-of-us experience with other drugs. I get a
               | choice of 2-3 brands of ibuprofen and another 1-2
               | generics for it. Why wouldn't the same apply to insulin?
               | I expect that it's also not 100% covered? (please correct
               | me here)
        
               | code_duck wrote:
               | You can buy the original insulins from 80 years ago for
               | $35-50. Those are human/porcine insulin and one called
               | NPH that has an intermediate duration. Some people who
               | used those before the newer long/short/rapid actings were
               | developed still prefer them, and others use them for cost
               | reasons esp. because they can be obtained in the US
               | without a prescription. I only know of one brand, Humulin
               | by Lilly.
               | 
               | For modern insulin, they were indeed patented but mostly
               | generics called follow-ons or biosimilars are available.
               | Lantus has an alternative Basaglar that costs about 1/3
               | as a much. Humalog can be replaced with Admelog. The
               | manufacturer of Novolog makes a biosimilar of their own
               | insulin and sells it for 1/3 as much, if that makes any
               | sense.
               | 
               | The various types differ a bit... Lantus has a slower
               | absorption and thus longer duration than it's main
               | competitor, Levemir. Novolog differs from Humalog in one
               | protein on one side of the chain or something. Some
               | people can't use one or the other due to allergies to the
               | excipients or unexplained resistance to the effects.
        
               | mlindner wrote:
               | If it was actually 100 years old the patent would be
               | expired. So you're actually seeing newer drugs that use
               | the same name.
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | I encourage you to look up evergreening. Pharmaceuticals
               | are playing every (legal and illegal) trick to extend
               | patent protection. The purpose of the new formulations is
               | often only to extend patent protection. Together with
               | extensive advertisement campaigns to get doctors to use
               | the new formula not all.
        
               | pkphilip wrote:
               | Correct. The price of Insulin has nothing to do with
               | "funding research." It is simply price gouging - that's
               | it.
        
               | fennecfoxen wrote:
               | The price of insulin specifically is largely a
               | consequence of perverse regulatory incentives,
               | particularly the Obamacare-related expansion of the 340B
               | Drug Pricing Program and its mandatory, byzantine, opaque
               | rebate structures. Don't think it's just the
               | manufacturers who are at the center of this price
               | gouging, not by a long shot; hospitals and pharmacies are
               | all too happy to ride that gravy train.
        
               | spicyramen wrote:
               | Where can I find out more information about it.?
        
             | naasking wrote:
             | > This one is particularly prickly because the high cost
             | paid in the US funds medical R&D and extremely expensive
             | clinical trials
             | 
             | This is what pharma wants you to believe because it's a
             | positive spin on their pricing. I suggest watching Rep.
             | Porter grilling these pharma CEOs if you want to understand
             | the true costs:
             | 
             | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wpdhD4ZLBxc
             | 
             | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0L0XbnvJ6I
             | 
             | TLDR: marketing alone outweighs R&D investment, and stock
             | buybacks often account for more than both combined.
        
             | furyg3 wrote:
             | You're putting the cart before the horse here. The reason
             | why the other developed nations get cheaper access to to
             | medicine is because of collective bargaining from more
             | organized insurance schemes (e.g. single payer), or because
             | of price capping by governments. Not 'because' the US
             | subsidizes R&D through high prices. The US pays high prices
             | because it chooses as system in which that's acceptable,
             | and the pharmaceutical companies design their own pricing
             | around it.
             | 
             | If the US stopped the madness, the companies would
             | rebalance their pricing systems. If what you say is true,
             | maybe every other developed nation would have to pay more.
             | 
             | I'm skeptical of this entire theory, however. It's not like
             | major pharmaceutical companies just barely breaking even,
             | and are selling their products at a loss in Europe. There
             | is a lot of room for profit margins to be squeezed.
        
             | anthony_barker wrote:
             | I would argue Big Pharma free rides its self on research
             | from universities around the world which are mostly
             | publicly funded and not for profit.
             | 
             | The US represents less than 34% of global research.
             | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17354441/
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | I'm sure they benefit from public research, lost of
               | industries do, but even public Universities are perfectly
               | capable of patenting their discoveries and getting paid
               | by companies using them. Ours here in the UK certainly do
               | this.
        
               | hajile wrote:
               | Patents are an attempt to protect risk. If you're getting
               | my money to invest without any risk to yourself, you
               | don't deserve a patent.
               | 
               | Here's an easy solution:
               | 
               | Patent and copyright times are limited proportionally by
               | the percentage of government money invested and at the
               | end of that time, the research must be made publicly
               | available.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | > The US represents less than 34% of global research
               | 
               | and yet, the US has about 5% of the world's population.
               | So proportionally, they are punching way above their
               | weight.
        
               | hnbad wrote:
               | And 25% of the world's prison population. Do we want to
               | keep this stats dump going or did you have a point?
        
               | din-9 wrote:
               | It would be fairer to compare by wealth, where the USA is
               | at 30.2%
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_total_
               | wea...
        
               | jpadkins wrote:
               | if you use wealth, we are a back at why americans spend
               | more on per captia than any other countries: because they
               | can (because they are wealthier).
               | 
               | Healthcare, especially in older population, starts to
               | behave like a luxury good at upper ends of cost / care.
        
           | H12 wrote:
           | I think it's fair to characerize this as a symptom of the
           | emplyment/insurance/hospital loop outlined in issue #1 of the
           | original comment.
           | 
           | That relationship between those three parties is the root
           | cause of the messed up incentive model responsible for the
           | ridiculously high costs of all products/services in US
           | healthcare; pharma included.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | Ironically, it's the governments attempts to lower health care
         | costs that produced this mess of high prices.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | I highly doubt that even without government intervention
           | prices would be lower.
           | 
           | Healthcare is not a free market and yet Americans still try
           | to pretend it's one. The information asymmetry is huge and
           | nobody's going to negotiate/look around for anything when
           | they think they're close to their deathbed.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | The rise in health care prices at a faster rate than
             | inflation started in 1968, coincidentally with the arrival
             | of Medicare/Medicaid (an attempt to reduce costs).
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | Health care spending in the US was tracking with
               | countries like Germany, Denmark, Sweden (increasing from
               | 6% of GDP to 8%) throgh the 70s.
               | 
               | After 1980 US really took off though. In 1980 US spend
               | 8.2% of GDP, Germany 8.1%, Denmark 8.4%
               | 
               | By 1990 US was 11.2%, Germany and Denmark 8%
               | 
               | US plataued in 1993 about 12%, lasting until 2000 when it
               | took off again, reaching 16% in 2009, then was mostly
               | flat (slightly reducing) until 2013.
        
               | unishark wrote:
               | What are you saying was the cause though? And either way,
               | people still got healthcare and negotiated payments
               | thinking they were close to their deathbeds prior to that
               | era of increase.
               | 
               | Also 1986 was the emergency room mandate, which used
               | Medicare payments as leverage. And of course the obesity
               | epidemic and the low-fat diet (blaming fat for heart
               | disease) started around then. The ACA started in 2010 but
               | phased in over four years.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | The government's 1940s intervention that ensured white
               | collar professionals would be removed from the problems
               | for 60yr is generally considered the root cause of the
               | current healthcare debacle. Without it we'd likely have a
               | system that's more akin to what's the norm
               | internationally.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | > Healthcare is not a free market
             | 
             | Health care was a free market until the following events:
             | 
             | 1. requirement for government licenses for doctors, which
             | was done to drive Jewish and Black doctors out of business,
             | and to restrict the supply of doctors
             | 
             | 2. the advent of employer-provided health care during WW2,
             | which due to tax policy married health care coverage to
             | one's job
             | 
             | 3. the 1962 FDA amendments which required efficacy for drug
             | approval (not just safety) leading to a tripling of drug
             | costs and a corresponding drop in new drug development
             | 
             | 4. the introduction of Medicare/Medicaid in 1968
             | 
             | 5. ever more regulation and interference in the market,
             | like requirements the emergency rooms treat for free
             | 
             | Regardless of whether one thinks these are good things or
             | not, they detract from health care being a free market.
        
             | dcolkitt wrote:
             | > I highly doubt that even without government intervention
             | prices would be lower.
             | 
             | Without government intervention , Amazon Basics would
             | assuredly make dirt cheap versions of every major drug.
             | 
             | You can argue that this is bad for other reasons, but
             | theres zero doubt that drugs would be cheap as water
             | without government intervention (including IP protection
             | and FDA mandated trials).
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Do I have to spell it out?
               | 
               | "Cheaper but people die due to lead poisoning" (replace
               | "lead" with your favorite toxic chemical) does not count
               | as cheaper, for medicine. It needs to be cheaper and
               | trustworthy. The Iron Line of medicine, I guess.
        
               | jpadkins wrote:
               | vitamins are pretty much unregulated for decades, but
               | doesn't have this lead or toxic chemical problem. Why do
               | you feel so strongly this would happen in medicine? Do
               | you really think companies (who spend a lot of capital
               | building a business) will knowingly waste it all away by
               | selling medicine that poisons people?
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | > vitamins are pretty much unregulated for decades, but
               | doesn't have this lead or toxic chemical problem.
               | 
               | Check out John Oliver and see how many problems we're
               | having due to unregulated vitamins.
               | 
               | Also vitamins are used by a ton fewer people than
               | medicine, and for purposes far, far less risky than
               | medicine.
               | 
               | > Why do you feel so strongly this would happen in
               | medicine?
               | 
               | Because it would happen for sure without regulation.
               | Maybe not to the degree I pointed out, but if they
               | wouldn't be forced to go through all those clinical
               | trials, etc., I'm 99% sure that bean counters in a
               | company would decide: "you know, maybe we could reduce
               | the dosage of that super expensive ingredient by 10%, the
               | side effects will only be known after 10 years and we're
               | here only until we cash in our checks in 2 quarters".
               | 
               | > Do you really think companies (who spend a lot of
               | capital building a business) will knowingly waste it all
               | away by selling medicine that poisons people?
               | 
               | There are companies that periodically change their name
               | to "cleanse" their image. Telecom companies, for example.
               | Plus, they'd only have to persuade doctors, not regular
               | people. Regular people don't really know who makes their
               | specific medicine anyway (don't believe me, go ask your
               | grandpa who makes each of his 10 drugs he's taking).
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > vitamins are used by a ton fewer people than medicine
               | 
               | Really? Every supermarket has plenty of them for sale.
               | The local drug store has whole aisles devoted to them.
               | They don't stock items that don't move.
               | 
               | > Because it would happen for sure without regulation.
               | 
               | Poisoning people is not something allowed by the free
               | market, any more than hitting people with a baseball bat
               | is. Free markets _require_ government to proscribe fraud
               | and abusing peoples ' rights.
               | 
               | > Regular people don't really know who makes their
               | specific medicine anyway
               | 
               | They do when it turns out to be a problem, like the
               | Tylenol murders.
        
       | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
       | Perhaps we would look at the donations to see if this is likely
       | or not?
        
         | jedmeyers wrote:
         | Is buying a son's painting considered a donation or not?
        
           | jjeaff wrote:
           | No. In what world does buying setting from an adult relative
           | consist of a donation?
           | 
           | And if a foreign government overpaying for hundreds of
           | thousands of dollars worth of hotel stays in properties owned
           | by the politician is not considered a donation, I can't
           | imagine anyone thinking the painting thing would be.
        
           | mathisonturing wrote:
           | Elaborate? Out of the loop
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | It's a game of "Spot the Fox News viewer". If you're a fan,
             | you believe the largest ethical quandary facing the nation
             | in the last quarter-century is that a person related to the
             | President of the United States is selling a painting in an
             | anonymous auction.
             | 
             | https://www.foxnews.com/politics/obama-ethics-chief-
             | hunter-b...
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > a person related to the President of the United States
               | 
               | The sitting president's son, you mean?
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | While I detest bias in all media (Fox included but in no
               | way do they have a monopoly on)...
               | 
               | Are you saying Hunter Biden (the son of, not just "a
               | person related to") hasn't recently sold his artwork for
               | $500,000 a pop to anonymous buyers?
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | As I understand it from reputable reporting, all such
               | sales are hypothetical.
               | 
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/deal-of-the-art-
               | whit...
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | I vividly remember when Billy Beer was a scandal. Simpler
               | times.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Beer
        
             | cabaalis wrote:
             | Here's an article from the NYT about how they are trying to
             | ethically sell Hunter Biden's artwork. "Ethically sell" was
             | a term I chose specifically because Hunter Biden is not an
             | artist, and the question of why his paintings are being
             | sold for half a million dollars and to whom is substance.
             | 
             | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/08/us/politics/hunter-
             | biden-...
             | 
             | Edit: Anyone can be an artist of course. Selling artwork
             | for such a price would be quite an artist.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | > Anyone can be an artist of course. Selling artwork for
               | such a price would be quite an artist
               | 
               | Quite an artist indeed. Here is a Picasso that sold last
               | month for $150,000.
               | 
               | https://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/104029896_pablo-
               | picasso...
        
           | oh_sigh wrote:
           | That's anonymous - there's no way for the Biden's to ever
           | know the buyer. Of course, the buyer can just show them a
           | picture of the painting in their house or whatever but that
           | would be unethical.
        
             | alea_iacta_est wrote:
             | It's unethical for the public to know who's the buyer,
             | that's what they meant.
        
             | qeternity wrote:
             | > Of course, the buyer can just show them a picture of the
             | painting in their house or whatever but that would be
             | unethical.
             | 
             | Unethical, yes...something which a good chunk of society
             | have no qualms with, especially those in the business of
             | bribing politicians.
        
         | ErikVandeWater wrote:
         | Don't know why your downvoted for asking a basic question.
         | 
         | Career politicians do not betray those who fund their
         | campaigns, especially in the highest office.
        
       | anonymouswacker wrote:
       | Yeah, like the democrats will bite the hands that feed. This is
       | democrat posturing for 2022, that is all.
        
       | Hani1337 wrote:
       | The reason we can afford universal health care in my country is
       | because there are hard caps to the prices health professionals
       | can legally ask, be it for fees or medication prices. If the
       | prices are kept closer to their real value, and not inflated
       | prices, then it's already much more affordable to consider paying
       | for universal health care.
        
         | CountDrewku wrote:
         | Yes there's a good argument that insurance in the US has
         | artificially increased prices. College loans have done similar.
         | This is why the ACA (obamacare) kinda failed to fix most of the
         | issues. Care is much too expensive.
        
       | DoreenMichele wrote:
       | Well, I hope this does some good, but I'm a bit skeptical. I
       | think we need more focus on how to help freelancers, gig workers
       | and microbusiness actually succeed as a counterpart to preventing
       | big business from preying upon small business.
       | 
       | It's something I personally try to promote but I feel I have
       | little in the way of success. I still struggle to make it through
       | the month myself and my various projects intended to help others
       | seem to mostly kind of languish, with one exception and I have no
       | hard data on how much good that is doing.
       | 
       | I think my efforts aren't pointless or fruitless, but it never
       | seems to be enough to actually resolve my chronic poverty and I
       | don't get enough feedback affirming that the lives of others suck
       | less thanks to me.
       | 
       | That kind of thing is maybe part of what helps drive a
       | concentration of money and power.
       | 
       | I think we overregulate small business. You need to know a lot of
       | laws and regulations to operate at all and if you are one or a
       | few people, that's a big burden. It's less of a burden for big
       | business to play that game because they make enough money and
       | have enough people that it's a relatively small part of what they
       | do and I think that regulatory burden is one of the things
       | hampering small business, just like it tends to impede the
       | development of affordable housing.
       | 
       | I don't know the answers. I just am skeptical that focusing
       | exclusively on breaking up monopolies and putting a break on big
       | business actually breathes life into small business. It's perhaps
       | a necessary but insufficient precondition.
        
         | nr3msd wrote:
         | > _I don 't get enough feedback affirming that the lives of
         | others suck less thanks to me._
         | 
         | I have always liked your posts a lot over the years here.
         | 
         | I'm in the same boat, I have created a few things that are used
         | by actual people but I have not yet thought about trying to
         | make a living that way. Ideally I would open source everything
         | and go the Patreon / donation route, but I want to get some of
         | my work in order and nail at least one of my bigger ideas...
         | then it might be feasible, but for now money is absolutely the
         | limiting factor and I don't even need much relative to some :(
        
       | sakex wrote:
       | The sentence "Capitalism without Competition is Exploitation"
       | immediately makes me think about the many monopolies held by the
       | government. Will he do something about those too?
        
       | ratsmack wrote:
       | I can understand them going after Ag and Pharma in a big way, but
       | I'm skeptical about the Tech part. There is just too much to lose
       | in political support from that industry for any politician to
       | attack them too aggressively.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | But, see, if I'm a politician, it's exactly "there is just too
         | much to lose in political support from that industry" that
         | worries me. I've seen how much weight they can throw against a
         | politician they don't like; I've seen them decide to go from
         | "not throwing that weight" to "throwing that weight" very
         | abruptly; and I realize that such a move can be made against
         | _me_ at the drop of a hat. That would worry me. Would it worry
         | me enough for me to risk _triggering_ their wrath right now? I
         | don 't know.
         | 
         | As a non-politician, here's what I think needs to happen. They
         | either need broken up, or they need heavily regulated. (We
         | didn't break up the power companies. But we _did_ create the
         | Public Service Commissions to heavily regulate them.) I could
         | see a Public Network Committee or something, saying:  "No, you
         | can't make that change your UI to make it even more addictive.
         | No, you can't gouge advertisers. No, you can't directly sell
         | personal information..."
        
           | fallingknife wrote:
           | The Republicans will never go this route because of the risk
           | it would work and be used on other industries. The Democrats
           | will never go for this because it would open up social media
           | to 1st amendment claims which would prevent the censorship
           | they depend on.
        
         | boomboomsubban wrote:
         | Both health and agriculture have huge lobbying budgets, I'm
         | skeptical that tech offers much more political support than the
         | other two.
        
         | deregulateMed wrote:
         | What does Ag do? "Efficiency Is Everything" eats for $500/year.
         | Compare that to medical which is a minimum of a few thousand
         | dollars a year if you are perfectly healthy and $20000 if you
         | have a 1 day stay at a hospital.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | Big Ag is responsible for horrible factory farming practices
           | growing the wrong crops and producing food lacking nutrients
           | while destroying the environment and torturing animals. They
           | take huge subsidies and use them to support these
           | unsustainable practices.
        
             | arrosenberg wrote:
             | Not to mention the fragile state of supply chains for food,
             | the food deserts, absurd water usage.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | The fact that one of the largest famines in the Western
               | world as of late was caused by an economic system that
               | led to people relying on monoculture crops to feed
               | themselves[1], the fact that ours results in
               | monocultures, as well, should be worrying.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)#
               | Causes_...
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | What part of that is big ag, opposed to ag in general. I
             | don't see the difference on those topics personally.
        
               | worik wrote:
               | Economies of scale, when viewed from the perspective of a
               | cattle beast in a feed lot are a horrible thing in
               | agriculture.
               | 
               | Modern industrial agriculture with its expensive inputs,
               | ruination of land, and abuse of live stock is a quite
               | horrifying thing and is impoverishing the people
               | responsible for the base of our food supply.
               | 
               | It is the most efficient in terms of output per input,
               | but not by most other measures.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | But you don't need to be a monopoly or even a big company
               | to have an awful feedlots, monocrop farming, ect.
        
               | warglebargle wrote:
               | if you have 2 big companies they're "too big to fail" and
               | can better whether lawsuits with massive legal teams,
               | settlement money, pr firms... if you have a thousand
               | smaller companies you can bankrupt 100 and be ok
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Wanting to avoid companies that are "too big to fail" is
               | a perfectly valid reason to favor smaller companies. Most
               | of the reasons above are not.
        
               | warglebargle wrote:
               | a lot of it can be rolled into "diversity is better" IMO
               | - lots of diverse types of leaders, diverse strategies,
               | perspectives, risks, failures, etc... mega large
               | companies don't give us as much benefit as they'd like us
               | to think... I'd even argue that they're worst in _most_
               | ways for 99% of the people involved
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I prefer a more competitive, dynamic, and diverse market
               | for almost all products as well. However, most of this
               | thread is pie in the sky wishful thinking that busting
               | big corps will solve all of societies ills. Attribution
               | of these ills to mega corps often ignores the actual
               | problem and obfuscates the real solutions.
        
               | warglebargle wrote:
               | sure but you also have to consider that big corps often
               | lobby against solutions... busting them up isn't the sole
               | solution, but it probably helps
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I think it could help with some issues, and perhaps hurt
               | with others.
               | 
               | I grew up in a farming community and even mom and pop
               | farms paid into national associations with a strong
               | lobbying arm. on the up side, at least these associations
               | favor policy that is usually good for the industry at
               | large.
               | 
               | That said, I think the real solution is making sure that
               | government officials are accountable and not for sale. No
               | amount of big company busting would fix that problem.
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | What you say is true in theory but not in aggregate. It's
               | no different from any other business in that respect.
               | Look at companies in a field you are familiar with and
               | you will find that the very large ones are a lot more
               | impersonal, ruthlessly efficient, and amoral.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | That's the huristic I'm pushing back on: Big = bad,
               | efficient = bad, ect. Some problems are indeed
               | exaserbated at scale, others are not. I think this is
               | especially true for the ag industry and the issues
               | mentioned up thread. You can bust up the biggest factory
               | farms into 100 smaller companies, but they would still
               | have the same practices. Same with monocrop farming.
        
               | longwick wrote:
               | But at least the concentration of wealth would not occur,
               | and right now wealth = power, which often means anti
               | competitive practices like simply buying competitors.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I'm not sure that true either. All the same people could
               | own 100 farms as easily as one. They would just be
               | independent companies.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | That may be, but no politician is stupid enough to be the
               | one who causes food prices to go up.
        
         | postpawl wrote:
         | Even in 2019, 2/3 of Americans supported breaking up big tech
         | companies: https://www.vox.com/policy-and-
         | politics/2019/9/18/20870938/b...
         | 
         | The political support is definitely there. But if you're
         | talking about rich Silicon Valley donors, yeah they might have
         | a problem with it.
        
         | ardit33 wrote:
         | I think for tech, the forks/knifes are out from both parties,
         | for different reasons. As for the other industries, I am much
         | more skeptical anything significant will be done.
         | 
         | This administration as pushed lots of 'agendas' just for
         | political show even though it new it had 0 chance for them to
         | pass and wasting everybody's time.
         | 
         | Time will tell if this is just another political show, or they
         | will actually accomplish anything.
        
         | throwawayboise wrote:
         | Isn't that exactly the reason they should be attacked?
        
         | FractalHQ wrote:
         | I hope it's real. We need modern anti trust laws, big tech is
         | out of control. You're right though.. sadly. Most importantly,
         | we need to get money out of politics to free our government
         | from the grips of these corporate conglomerates.
        
           | dkdk8283 wrote:
           | We must free ourselves from censorship.
        
             | worik wrote:
             | Clearly you are suffering a lot from censorship...
        
             | seattle_spring wrote:
             | Moderation is not censorship.
        
               | thoughtstheseus wrote:
               | If there is no viable alternative then it's censorship.
               | Put the power of moderation in the hands of people,
               | create a market for it, that's a winning strategy.
        
               | seattle_spring wrote:
               | What are some of your opinions that can't be shared
               | freely on at least some platforms? "Conservative
               | opinions" don't count, because if they were actually
               | censored then I wouldn't have to have them rammed down my
               | throat every minute of every day from every angle.
        
       | Bancakes wrote:
       | Cut sugar industry subsidies and promote real food. Covid
       | pandemic is nothing to the obesity one.
        
       | gautamcgoel wrote:
       | He misspells Tyler Cowen as Tyler Cowan.
        
       | throwawayswede wrote:
       | No it can't.
       | 
       | Top 10 spenders on lobbying in 2021:                   "Lobbying
       | Client","Total Spent"         "US Chamber of
       | Commerce","$17590000"         "Pharmaceutical Research &
       | Manufacturers of America","$8664000"         "National Assn of
       | Realtors","$7985521"         "American Medical Assn","$6520000"
       | "American Hospital Assn","$5852623"         "Blue Cross/Blue
       | Shield","$5774300"         "Raytheon Technologies","$5360000"
       | "Amazon.com","$5060000"         "Facebook Inc","$4790000"
       | "Northrop Grumman","$4610000"
       | 
       | Look up more stuff: https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-
       | lobbying/top-spenders
       | 
       | Plus, Biden is the last person to be trusted with this. The
       | overall lockdowns in the US are basically a joke. Your government
       | let big pharma abuse the entire society for more than a year and
       | people are still so discombobulated by what happened that they've
       | started to develop a stockholm syndrome.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | > Your government let big pharma abuse the entire society for
         | more than a year
         | 
         | Explain.
        
           | throwawayswede wrote:
           | Lockdowns are useless.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | Evidence? Also, motivation?
        
               | throwawayswede wrote:
               | One of the principles of public health is that you can't
               | just look at one disease isolated, you have to look at
               | public health as a whole. With lockdowns there's been a
               | lot of collateral public health damages: Cancer
               | treatments and scanning that were not provided, worse
               | cardiovascular disease outcomes, diabetes not being
               | properly taken care of, tragic mental health situation,
               | education of kids going to school, and other unintended
               | side effects. One of the things known from the beginning
               | is that, even though anyone can get infected with covid,
               | there's a 1000 fold difference in the risk of mortality.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | MichaelMoser123 wrote:
       | here [1] they say that Kamala Harris is seen as a friend of big
       | tech and silicon valley, that would imply she is a friend of big
       | tech corporations. Does this step signify a rift between Biden
       | and Harris, or is that not the case?
       | 
       | [1]
       | http://web.archive.org/web/20210206212101/https://www.nytime...
        
         | jjcon wrote:
         | That's possible but the article is a year old. This past year
         | and a half I think if you polled the HN crowd you would even
         | see a dramatic shift in perspective on proper policy for big
         | tech antitrust legislation.
         | 
         | It is not unreasonable to assume those same realizations are
         | happening or being expressed by government officials as well.
        
           | MichaelMoser123 wrote:
           | it makes sense that Biden wants to tax big corporations to
           | finance his infrastructure projects. [1] that would make
           | sense if Biden is a big fan of president Franklin D.
           | Roosevelt, i am not sure if Roosevelt is as attractive to
           | someone from the generation of Harris. (however i don't know
           | if the generation aspect is a matter of importance, in this
           | context)
           | 
           | [1] https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory/biden-offers-
           | tax-d...
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | bilbo0s wrote:
       | Finally, they've started attacking big tech on the privacy front.
       | The whole "monopoly" and "anti-trust" thing was going nowhere.
       | But privacy orders like this are a step in the right direction.
       | 
       | And to put the nail in big tech's coffin, congress should pass a
       | law forbidding the sharing of any personal information on any
       | resident of the US for any commercial reason whatsoever. With
       | draconian penalties assessed per user infraction. That would stop
       | these tech companies in their tracks.
        
         | dodobirdlord wrote:
         | While ultimately a ban on sharing personal information for
         | commercial reasons would be good in the long term, in the short
         | term (many years, certainly, maybe forever) it would serve to
         | entrench existing big tech companies. Google, for example,
         | doesn't directly share personal information with advertisers.
         | Where side-channels exist that would enable advertisers to
         | extract data from Google, Google has the scale and the
         | resources to create technical solutions like having advertisers
         | send their entire software stack to run in Google datacenters
         | so that Google can ensure nothing is being logged, and force
         | advertisers to comply. Facebook, Amazon, and Apple likely have
         | the resources and scale to pull of the same feats. Anybody else
         | would be put out of business. Hardly a mandate that would make
         | sense in the context of encouraging competition.
        
         | bogwog wrote:
         | > With draconian penalties assessed per user infraction.
         | 
         | You mean like chopping off a limb/finger for every violation?
         | 
         | Unfortunately, that won't work for a certain lizardman CEO who
         | is purported to be able to regrow limbs.
        
           | bilbo0s wrote:
           | I was thinking more along the lines of heavy fines.
           | 
           | I'm not a big supporter of violence against pharma, tech, and
           | Ag CEOs. I'm not a big supporter of violence against anyone
           | where massive fines will serve the same purpose. In fact, the
           | fines would work better.
        
         | ratsmack wrote:
         | And how do you feel about sharing the collected data of your
         | conversations and travel with government agencies?
        
           | bilbo0s wrote:
           | I feel there is nothing the government is going to do about
           | that. This doesn't mean that I throw up my hands and say, OK,
           | I'll let everyone have all of my communications logs since
           | the government has them.
        
             | ratsmack wrote:
             | I personally believe being targeted with advertising is
             | much less intrusive than the government having unfettered
             | access to my daily interactions with people and various
             | institutions. I would prefer to not have to worry about
             | either.
        
         | wincy wrote:
         | After all, now that the NSA has all their spy networks set up
         | they don't need the tech companies to do the spying anymore.
         | Time to crack down.
         | 
         | Makes me think of an abusive relationship where the abuser is
         | very jealous and protective of the abused.
         | 
         | "If anyone spies on my citizens, it's gonna be me!"
        
           | bilbo0s wrote:
           | I actually agree with this, it is an abusive relationship.
           | Only the abuser has a gun to your head so there's nothing you
           | can do about it.
        
         | qeternity wrote:
         | > And to put the nail in big tech's coffin, congress should
         | pass a law forbidding the sharing of any personal information
         | on any resident of the US for any commercial reason whatsoever.
         | 
         | At this point, a huge number (majority?) of Facebook et al
         | users know what Facebook are doing. They value their own data
         | less than Facebook do and are happy to trade it in return for
         | free social media service. You may not like it, but free people
         | should be able to engage in a transaction if it's not
         | infringing on other peoples' rights.
         | 
         | I'm not sure why you would know what's better for them than
         | they would.
        
           | laurent92 wrote:
           | Some people buy an iPhone just because Apple imposes
           | draconian rules on Facebook. People do put a price on
           | privacy, thousands of dollars probably.
           | 
           | When you reduce the value of interconnecting people to a
           | linear scale, it's unfair. How much value do you put on a
           | friendship? How much value do you extract from belonging to a
           | Facebook group? It's probably a million dollars per person.
           | It doesn't mean the privacy part isn't extracted by coercion,
           | taking friendships as hostage, threatening to remove you from
           | participation to a lot of the social life if you revoke your
           | Facebook account.
        
             | qeternity wrote:
             | > thousands of dollars probably.
             | 
             | > How much value do you extract from belonging to a
             | Facebook group? It's probably a million dollars per person.
             | 
             | No idea what you're on about. The average person doesn't
             | buy Apple products, they have a small percentage of market
             | share. You're just throwing absurd numbers around.
             | 
             | You've argued my point: people value socialization
             | (millions, according to you) more than they value privacy
             | (mere thousands, again according to you).
             | 
             | Nobody forces anybody to use Facebook. Yet billions use it.
             | It boggles my mind when people feel they should dictate
             | other people's personal choices.
        
               | tomschlick wrote:
               | Nit: Apple has 52% of the US mobile market share:
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/266572/market-share-
               | held...
        
               | qeternity wrote:
               | And has about 15% market share globally...
        
               | tomschlick wrote:
               | This entire thread is about the US taking action. Global
               | market share doesn't matter in this case.
        
           | jeffreygoesto wrote:
           | It is infringing other's peoples rights. Shadow profiles are
           | and even if you paid for subscriptions everywhere in the net,
           | you could not get away untracked and being targeted for ads
           | you neither want nor need.
        
             | qeternity wrote:
             | I'm not saying I agree with it, but what rights are being
             | violated by shadow profiles?
        
           | Mountain_Skies wrote:
           | Facebook shares lots of data about people who have never
           | signed up for a Facebook account. Everyone is a Facebook
           | "user" whether they want to be or not.
        
             | qeternity wrote:
             | Well, I guess this makes sense because you can be a
             | Facebook user without an account...
        
             | Supermancho wrote:
             | > Facebook shares lots of data about people who have never
             | signed up for a Facebook account. Everyone is a Facebook
             | "user" whether they want to be or not.
             | 
             | Same with Twitch/AMZ, YouTube/GOOG, Target, Wall Street
             | Journal, etc. It's basically the state of digital
             | advertising today, which is not remotely limited to or
             | monopolized by FB. I've worked on the adservers, across
             | multiple companies, for over 15 years now.
        
           | jbluepolarbear wrote:
           | Source because I'm pretty sure that's not true. If that was
           | true GDPR wouldn't exist in the EU. California has CCPA in
           | the works which is similar/same. People don't like how big
           | tech is using their data and actions are being done to
           | counter it.
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | A lot more people support action than support any given outcome.
       | I worry that the majority will be disappointed by the outcome
       | because of this.
       | 
       | Take the big tech action: some people support it because they
       | want less censorship (that's me), others because they want more.
       | The same applies in other aspects of peoples' issues with big
       | tech (fake news, hate groups, grooming and CP, privacy, foreign
       | election meddling etc). We can't all be happy with whatever the
       | FTC does to social media sites can we, given we mostly want
       | different things.
        
       | dukeofdoom wrote:
       | Is he really in a position to keep doing this? Biden recorder the
       | most votes in history, while winning the fewest counties. That's
       | a head scratcher. The fact remains most of the geographic area of
       | the country voted red. If he keeps this up, states are going to
       | start ignoring his executive orders. That's not how democracy is
       | supposed to work. Laws get passed by legislature, not by dictate
       | of the King.
        
         | jbluepolarbear wrote:
         | Go home QAnon.
        
         | jbluepolarbear wrote:
         | Since my other got flagged, you're clearly a confused person.
         | You post videos of trumps lies and defend some narrative that
         | does harm to our democracy. The election was won by Biden.
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | > Biden recorder the most votes in history, while winning the
         | fewest counties.
         | 
         | Say what now? That doesn't seem right.
        
           | dukeofdoom wrote:
           | "Biden won 81 million votes and 509 counties in the Nov. 3
           | election, while Trump won 74 million votes and 2,547
           | counties, according to data aggregated by think tank the
           | Brookings Institute. Obama won 69 million votes and 873
           | counties in 2008. " https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factc
           | heck/2020/12/23/fac...
        
         | ModernMech wrote:
         | > Biden recorder the most votes in history, while winning the
         | fewest counties. That's a head scratcher.
         | 
         | Why is that a head scratcher? 40% the us population lives in
         | just 100 counties (of 3000)
        
           | dukeofdoom wrote:
           | The stacking of improbabilities is a head scratcher. 12
           | million vote increase over Obama with 300+ fewer counties.
           | Must be wildly more popular. Yet was losing the nomination of
           | his own party. Can't 10k views on youtube, but somehow more
           | black people turned out to vote for him in Detroit than
           | Obama. I, like 40%+ of Americans have doubts about this
           | Election.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > The stacking of improbabilities is a head scratcher. 12
             | million vote increase over Obama with 300+ fewer counties.
             | Must be wildly more popular.
             | 
             | Counties are a meaningless, nonuninform unit, and even if
             | they were the exact same counties minus 300, so what? That
             | just means bigger margins in the counties he won, which
             | would be consistent with greater regional polarization.
             | 
             | > Yet was losing the nomination of his own party.
             | 
             | Biden was the clear winner much sooner in the process than
             | Obama was.
             | 
             | > more black people turned out to vote for him in Detroit
             | than Obama.
             | 
             | Why is it surprising that more black people turned out to
             | vote _against_ Trump than McCain? (That votes in a two-
             | party system are quite often more against the oppoaing
             | major party than really "for" the partt marked is well-
             | known.)
        
             | ModernMech wrote:
             | I just don't understand why you're focusing on the
             | counties. Obama's win was over a decade ago. People move
             | around and concentrate in cities.
             | 
             | What would have been wildly improbable was Biden's opponent
             | winning. The man was deeply unpopular, failed to win the
             | popular vote _twice_ , couldn't crack 50% approval for 4
             | years, was impeached, was being blamed for the terrible US
             | government pandemic response, and had some of the deepest
             | most consistent unpopular ratings of any president since
             | that kind of sentiment has been tracked. Talk about
             | stacking improbabilities.
             | 
             | > I, like 40%+ of Americans have doubts about this
             | Election.
             | 
             | I can understand having some doubts after the election --
             | it was a very tumultuous time. But why do you still have
             | doubts today? The dust has settled, the results have been
             | looked at in Wisconsin, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Georgia,
             | and Arizona, and no systemic fraud was found. Just read
             | this report by Michigan Republicans [1]. They earnestly
             | looked at everything alleged and found _nothing_.
             | Absolutely nothing. What exactly are you having doubts
             | about except vague feelings of improbability related to
             | counties? Improbable things _do_ happen, yes?
             | 
             | [1] https://misenategopcdn.s3.us-
             | east-1.amazonaws.com/99/doccume...
        
       | alessandroetc wrote:
       | It's not actually real. The lobbying firm behind most of the fact
       | sheet is made up of people on the boards of different tech firms.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | chelmzy wrote:
         | Do you have a source for this? I'm extremely curious.
        
         | seriousquestion wrote:
         | Related? "WestExec represented major corporations throughout
         | the Trump years. Now it's in the White House."
         | 
         | https://theintercept.com/2021/07/06/westexec-biden-administr...
        
         | nojs wrote:
         | Betteridge's law of headlines strikes again :)
        
         | landryraccoon wrote:
         | What fact sheet are you referring to? I'm curious what names
         | are on it.
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | This is a very serious accusation, but I can't find any
         | substance to it, and it doesn't make much sense. What tech firm
         | have lobbyists on their board?
         | 
         | Presumably you're talking about this fact sheet?
         | 
         | https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases...
         | 
         | If a lobbying firm is behind official White House
         | communications, and not WH-employed staff, that alone would be
         | a serious allegation. But to say that tech is behind this is
         | even worse.
         | 
         | Where is the evidence?
        
       | ampdepolymerase wrote:
       | How about Big Telecom and Big Fintech and Banking? Or is it
       | simply because the rest did not pay enough to the lobbyists?
        
         | bilbo0s wrote:
         | The ISPs have been getting hit in this series of orders.
         | 
         | That said, yes, fintech and banking are conspicuously absent.
         | Which kind of lets you know that they are just too powerful.
        
           | fastssd wrote:
           | And people say crypto is bad. Sad world we live in.
        
           | TheRealPomax wrote:
           | Or that you really, really need to establish precedent (and
           | ideally, a pttern) by first successfully going after the
           | "easier" targets. It's much easier to go after fintech and
           | banking if you can go "what's the problem, you're just next
           | in line, your industry's hardly getting singled out"
        
           | dodobirdlord wrote:
           | Banking is getting impacted in this series of executive
           | orders, there's a mandate that banks make customer financial
           | history portable so that customers aren't locked into
           | continuing to use their current bank to keep their financial
           | records. Aside from that issue that stops customers from
           | being likely to _switch_ banks, there's a ton of competition
           | in banking. There are many consumer banks, they all provide
           | essentially the same services, and they compete on things
           | like branch density, customer service, and saving /loan
           | rates. Aside from that, consumer banking is already one of
           | the most regulated industries.
           | 
           | Fintech consumer products and services are rare with the
           | exception of tax preparation. E-trading is becoming more
           | popular, but existing consumer banks and brokerages are
           | stepping up to compete across the board. Intuit's TurboTax
           | product is really the only example I can think of in the
           | fintech industry that needs antitrust attention.
        
           | kyawzazaw wrote:
           | when you say fintech, which companies are you referring to
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | There's much more in the actual order addressed toward banks
         | and telcos and ISPs than there is language directed at "big
         | tech".
         | 
         | https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-action...
        
         | summerlight wrote:
         | This executive order is really comprehensive, it touches
         | literally every economical areas where competitions are
         | withering away. To be specific, I think this part addresses
         | your concern on big telecoms.                 > (l)  To promote
         | competition, lower prices, and a vibrant and innovative
         | telecommunications ecosystem, the Chair of the Federal
         | Communications Commission is encouraged to work with the rest
         | of the Commission, as appropriate and consistent with
         | applicable law, to consider:
         | 
         | The following also partially addresses big banks, though I'm
         | not sure it's sufficient enough to tame them. Better than
         | nothing though.                 > (e)  To ensure Americans have
         | choices among financial institutions and to guard against
         | excessive market power, the Attorney General, in consultation
         | with the Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal
         | Reserve System, the Chairperson of the Board of Directors of
         | the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the Comptroller
         | of the Currency, is encouraged to review current practices and
         | adopt a plan, not later than 180 days after the date of this
         | order, for the revitalization of merger oversight under the
         | Bank Merger Act and the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956
         | (Public Law 84-511, 70 Stat. 133, 12 U.S.C. 1841 et seq.) that
         | is in accordance with the factors enumerated in 12 U.S.C.
         | 1828(c) and 1842(c).       > (t)  The Director of the Consumer
         | Financial Protection Bureau, consistent with the pro-
         | competition objectives stated in section 1021 of the Dodd-Frank
         | Act, is encouraged to consider:
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | We need to bring back the Glass-Stegall Act, which kept banks
           | and brokerages separate. It's not really about competition,
           | though; it's about isolating broker failures from bank
           | failures. That was in Trump's plaform, by the way.
        
           | nr3msd wrote:
           | There is nothing concrete in any of those three points.
           | 
           | I read through the whole thing, there are some decent ideas
           | but a lot of filler.
        
         | justbored123 wrote:
         | Well, the Obama admin that included him was fully in the pocked
         | of the bankers as revealed by Wikileaks. They chose 29 of 31
         | cabinet positions. Seems that not much has changed there.
         | 
         | https://newrepublic.com/article/137798/important-wikileaks-r...
        
         | ergocoder wrote:
         | I have no idea why big tech is in there.
         | 
         | If you think Google, apple, Microsoft, and Facebook are evil,
         | then other kinds of business like Pharma, insurance, bank,
         | agriculture are 10x Satan reborn combined.
        
           | mlindner wrote:
           | Well those haven't had a couple decades of time working with
           | the government to build regulations that suit them. They're
           | early stage still.
        
             | Apocryphon wrote:
             | > Facebook and Amazon are now the two biggest corporate
             | lobbying spenders in the country.[9]
             | 
             | > Big Tech has eclipsed yesterday's big lobbying spenders,
             | Big Oil and Big Tobacco. In 2020, Amazon and Facebook spent
             | nearly twice as much as Exxon and Philip Morris on
             | lobbying.
             | 
             | > Big Tech's lobbyists are not just numerous, they are also
             | among the most influential in Washington. Among the 10
             | lobbyists who were the biggest contributors to the 2020
             | election cycle, half lobby on behalf of at least one of the
             | four Big Tech companies. Together, just these five
             | lobbyists contributed over $2 million to the 2020
             | elections.
             | 
             | https://www.citizen.org/article/big-tech-lobbying-update/
        
           | noelherrick wrote:
           | This is more about power and reach. I'm going to pick on
           | Facebook since they are easy to dislike. They are the medium
           | of disinformation that is hurting the US and the world.
           | First, people are joining extremist groups due to FB
           | recommendations [0]. Second, vaccine misinformation has been
           | spreading on FB. [1] Those are two horrific examples, but
           | there's more.
           | 
           | 0. https://foundation.mozilla.org/en/campaigns/facebook-stop-
           | gr... 1. https://www.vox.com/recode/22319681/vaccine-
           | misinformation-f...
        
         | Jenk wrote:
         | Some is better than none.
        
           | annadane wrote:
           | No, this is Hacker News, where we have to gripe about every
           | single little thing until it loses all fucking meaning
           | 
           | Edit: you downvote me because you know this is exactly how it
           | goes around here
        
             | Notanothertoo wrote:
             | Yes and that's a good thing. Politics is mostly a game of
             | pretend and therefore bullshit, as uhh.. engineers we like
             | to be more practical. We simply see the bullshit they are
             | selling regardless of political affiliation. If they wanted
             | to actually solve problems the approach and results would
             | be totally different.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | _Politics is mostly a game of pretend and therefore
               | bullshit, as uhh.. engineers we like to be more
               | practical._
               | 
               | I've found that when engineers talk about politics,
               | they're no more practical than anybody else. On HN I see
               | a ton of uninformed and simplistic overbroad solutions.
               | They imagine it's pragmatism, but they don't actually
               | know any of the real problems.
        
             | momento wrote:
             | The irony of griping on HN about griping on HN.
        
       | specialist wrote:
       | Around 2005, I asked Kevin Phillips:
       | 
       | Me: According to your book, America's political parties have
       | flipped every ~70 years. It should have happened around the time
       | of Ross Perot, so I guess we're overdue. Do you think another
       | realignment is emminent?
       | 
       | Phillips: No. It won't happen while Wall St. and finance remains
       | in control of our political discourse.
       | 
       | --
       | 
       | It'll be amazing if Biden Admin is able to uncork the next cycle.
       | But I'm not holding my breath.
       | 
       | Wealth and Democracy: A Political History of the American Rich
       | [2003] https://www.amazon.com/Wealth-Democracy-Political-History-
       | Am...
       | 
       | Here's a more recent account:
       | 
       | Lobbying America: The Politics of Business from Nixon to NAFTA
       | [2015] https://www.amazon.com/Lobbying-America-Politics-Business-
       | So...
       | 
       | Edit: I changed "Last decade" to "Around 2005". Time flies. My
       | bad.
        
       | the-dude wrote:
       | > hospital price transparency,
       | 
       | Wasn't this already put in place by the previous administration?
        
         | ryanSrich wrote:
         | Of course it was, also see "value based care". It's all
         | bullshit.
         | 
         | Hospitals have zero incentive to be transparent, and all the
         | incentives to be opaque. So long as you're a non-
         | Medicare/Medicaid patient you'll continue to suffer.
         | 
         | The American healthcare system is completely fucked (there's no
         | better word).
        
           | o8r3oFTZPE wrote:
           | Is it fscked for physicians and various healthcare
           | professionals (e.g., paid higher wages than other countries
           | with different systems). Is it also fscked for wealthy
           | patients who do not really care about costs.
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | > Is it fscked for physicians and various healthcare
             | professionals
             | 
             | It's an underappreciated point. The US healthcare system is
             | one of the largest wealth transfer systems ever invented.
             | It's a heavily protected cartel that plunders wealth from
             | the top 2/3 and lines the pockets of a few million
             | employees in the system.
             | 
             | There is an excess cost bounty of $1.2 trillion (or more)
             | being plundered and redistributed every year to the
             | healthcare cartel.
             | 
             | There are millions of people working artificially high
             | paying jobs in the healthcare cartel in the US courtesy of
             | the hyper inflated costs in the system. From nurses to
             | doctors to pharma sales reps to scientists to management
             | and everything inbetween.
             | 
             | Nobody ever talks about the need to slash the pay of nurses
             | & doctors though, it's far too unpopular of a subject, it's
             | downright taboo. Just a notch below slashing the pay of
             | teachers. They'd all go on strike tomorrow morning if a
             | serious attempt were made to bring their pay in-line with
             | other developed nations.
             | 
             | The US has to remove a minimum of $1.2 trillion in cost
             | from its healthcare system (which would produce an end cost
             | structure still far above that of eg Britain). Only about
             | 10-15% of that can come from slashing costs out of the
             | pharma drug price side. The bulk of it has to come out of
             | inflated salaries of millions of workers in healthcare
             | across the board.
             | 
             | When politicians talk about universal healthcare in the US,
             | they always, without exception, go far out of their way to
             | dodge this epic scale problem of inflated salaries in
             | healthcare and of where to find $1.2 trillion in costs to
             | slash (they primarily focus on high drug prices as a matter
             | of political convenience; that segment by itself won't
             | remotely cut it though). This is why every time a state
             | decides it's going to look at doing universal healthcare,
             | it immediately runs away after the cost study is completed,
             | it's impossible until you remove a dramatic amount of cost
             | from the system. Now someone go tell all the nurses and
             | doctors in California they get to make 25%-35% less money
             | (good luck).
        
               | AussieWog93 wrote:
               | About 50% of that $1.2 trillion is in unnecessary admin.
        
               | FlyingLawnmower wrote:
               | Do you have some sources where I can read up more on
               | this? I have always believed that the cost of front line
               | worker salaries (Doctors/Nurses) was a relatively small %
               | of the total cost of healthcare.
               | 
               | Studies like this [1] led me to believe that massive
               | rises in administration costs and inefficiencies due to
               | insurance structure are bigger culprits than doctor/nurse
               | salaries. But I am admittedly not very well informed in
               | this area.
               | 
               | [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31905376/
        
               | pininja wrote:
               | Do you have an example of a cost study? I'm curious, but
               | don't know how to find one.
        
               | hamandcheese wrote:
               | I mean, someone is paying the price anyways, right? Why
               | cant we as a society continue to pay the same (inflated)
               | price now, but give the government the leverage it needs
               | to fix the problem over several decades?
        
               | borski wrote:
               | I see your point, but I will raise you that medical
               | training in other countries doesn't also put you in
               | hundreds of thousands of dollars of debt before you've
               | even begun to practice. The cost of a medical education
               | has a _large_ impact on why salaries are  "artificially"
               | inflated.
        
               | hn_acc_2 wrote:
               | Sure, high salaries are justified for this minority.
               | 
               | The people mentioned specifically in the comment are of
               | more concern; sales, admin, etc. salaries in this field
               | are also inflated compared to other industries.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | Got it. Thanks for the clarification. I think I agree on
               | that.
        
               | r0m4n0 wrote:
               | Removing insurance companies from the equation saves
               | billions. There are hundreds of thousands of insurance
               | employees working on complex payer software, business
               | workflows, payments, clearing houses, membership, plan
               | negotiations, sales, actuarial, claims, member support
               | etc. Also on the hospital side all the people that
               | interface with the insurance companies.
               | 
               | There would be some overhead for single payer but it
               | would be much more efficient and simple.
               | 
               | Massive insurance company dissolution might also be an
               | unpopular reality for folks to come to terms with as well
               | though
        
         | sethammons wrote:
         | A couple years past, def under Obama, I went in for a retina
         | exam. They absolutely could not tell me the price for the
         | appointment. "It depends on services rendered" - "what if it is
         | a standard appointment with no extra services, how much (ball
         | park) should I expect? $50? $500? $5k?" - "I couldn't tell you,
         | I can't imagine that high."
         | 
         | There is no price transparency. Sure would like it since I have
         | a high deductible plan.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | If the customer won't be told the price and can't opt out,
           | it's not market, it's a racket.
        
           | bushbaba wrote:
           | Price transparency plus high deductible plans would drive the
           | cost of health insurance down.
           | 
           | Health insurance is supposed to cover you for catastrophic
           | health issues that were previously unknown. For some reason
           | it changed to also cover all your recurring or minor
           | illnesses.
        
             | riverlaw2 wrote:
             | I agree with your take. I work in the industry. The for
             | some reason has partly to do with the U.S. tying insurance
             | to your employer and not charging taxes. It makes sense to
             | offer as much as possible pretax.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | It'd help a little but it'd still be a long way from an
             | Econ 101 market. Preventative care is hugely effective at
             | reducing costs but high-deductible plans ensure that many
             | people will not get it.
             | 
             | Many people simply aren't capable of shopping around,
             | either: emergency care, cognitive impairments, limited
             | geographic options, and the conflicts of interest inherent
             | to for-profit medicine all make it hard for people to know
             | what they need and whether it's worth the money. As with
             | preventative care, making it harder to get treatment is
             | certain to lead to many people not getting problems treated
             | prior to them becoming major.
        
               | warble wrote:
               | You don't need everyone shopping around. You just need
               | enough to drive the market, it isn't even necessarily a
               | majority.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Kind of like how list price means everyone pays the same
               | price for a car? What would happen is more of what we
               | already see: tons of addons being pushed, rebates or
               | other ways to adjust prices for some people without
               | lowering them, random specialists and unnecessary
               | services being pulled in relying on the fact that most
               | people don't realize they can and should say no, and a
               | whole industry of people finding ways to say you had some
               | obscure complications not covered by the standard price.
               | 
               | Look at it from an economic incentive standpoint:
               | Americans pay 2-3 times more for the same service. That
               | is a huge amount of money, and it ensures that rooms full
               | of smart people will be working to ensure that their
               | employers continue to get it.
        
               | bushbaba wrote:
               | Flip side you can actually shop around for the best car
               | price. Can't even do that at us hospitals
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Exactly - it's not a normal market and there are hard
               | limits preventing it from ever working like that, no
               | matter how many people desperately try to pretend
               | otherwise because it's personally profitable for them.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | I'm not so sure. There's a lot of waste in _all_ of our
             | health care system, and many areas are served by few care
             | providers. Transparency on prices without effective
             | competition won 't change much.
        
               | spaetzleesser wrote:
               | You have to start somewhere. Knowable prices are the
               | first prerequisite for markets.
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | That's an excellent point! It can't hurt, and might help.
               | I don't know why I felt negatively about it at first,
               | anything to start disrupting the bad parts of the system
               | should be welcome.
        
             | alasdair_ wrote:
             | Part of that is because it's far cheaper to catch (say)
             | cancer at an early stage and treat it than it is to catch
             | it at stage 3 or 4 and spend potentially millions on a
             | possibly preventable catastrophe.
             | 
             | There is fairly strong evidence that if the cost of routine
             | preventative care isn't paid by insurance, quite a lot of
             | people opt to skip it because they can't afford it, leading
             | to worse outcomes.
        
               | jdlshore wrote:
               | > leading to worse outcomes.
               | 
               | Do you have evidence of this part specifically? Because
               | the Oregon Experiment found no improvement in health
               | outcomes in a large randomized trial of low-income
               | recipients of Medicaid. (Partly because their health was
               | generally good in the first place.)
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_Medicaid_health_expe
               | rim...
        
               | t-writescode wrote:
               | It's the entire model to Kaiser Permanente, so it's
               | working for someone.
        
               | WillPostForFood wrote:
               | _It's the entire model_
               | 
               | It is part of large complicated model. If it was their
               | entire model they wouldn't be operating medical offices
               | and hospitals. It is the whole package that helps them
               | control costs.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | t-writescode wrote:
               | It is my understanding that obligatory routine care is a
               | major component of Kaiser's model. In the experience of
               | those I know who use Kaiser, effectively, if they come in
               | for something and their routine checkups are out of date,
               | they're obligated to get that routine checkup (at the
               | same time due to streamline of service), before they can
               | get what they came in for.
               | 
               | From this, I derived the argument that routine checkups
               | are a *major* component of Kaiser's system, to the point
               | that, given the flow of discussion, I felt it appropriate
               | to call it "their whole model". I'm sorry my hyperbole
               | was too far.
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | I've been on a Kaiser plan for years. I don't think I've
               | ever had a "routine checkup", but have had other
               | services.
        
               | ak217 wrote:
               | Kaiser has no specific preventative care requirements and
               | does not withhold care if you are not up to date on some
               | schedule. In fact Kaiser works pretty much exactly like
               | any other HMO with the main difference being that
               | insurance is in-house (but a different department, so
               | insurance screwups still happen, but at least the
               | hospital and the insurance are not constantly fighting
               | each other with you stuck in the middle).
               | 
               | Well that and with Kaiser it's a lot easier to tell who
               | is in network (they never commingle in and out of network
               | care).
        
               | t-writescode wrote:
               | That's interesting. The person I'm familiar with wasn't
               | allowed to get meds for their strep throat until they
               | went through their regular exams since it had been a year
               | or over one or something. It was all very, very quick,
               | but they were quite serious about getting their regular
               | checks in. The patient in particular was in her 50s at
               | the time, so perhaps that's where the difference comes
               | in?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | You're not getting the whole story from that person.
               | Competent providers will strongly recommend preventative
               | care services but patients can always refuse.
        
               | co_pilates wrote:
               | If we had socialized medicine like my local Kaiser, I
               | would be so excited. I honestly haven't been treated
               | anywhere else with the same level of care and concern. I
               | used to hate doctors because of bad experience, but the
               | Kaiser system convinced me to take care of myself on a
               | routine basis. Just one opinion, but thought I'd share.
        
               | ak217 wrote:
               | Glad it worked for you. I've had both good and terrible
               | experiences at Kaiser (in pretty serious circumstances
               | such as major op and post-op experiences), and a similar
               | spectrum at other HMOs. I don't think Kaiser is a
               | panacea, although I agree single-payer looks like the
               | only way to fix the systemic economic issues and Kaiser
               | is a bit closer to that model than other HMOs.
        
               | hanniabu wrote:
               | I had no health insurance so put off on a specialist i
               | needed to see until i could sign up for medicaid (can
               | only apply at the end of the year for some retarded
               | reason). Just putting my issues off for 4 months turned
               | an easy thing to fix into needing to spend the past 8
               | months in and out of the doctors and hospital.
        
               | Volundr wrote:
               | If the plural of anecdote is data, when the ACA was first
               | rolled out, someone close to me discovered they had colon
               | cancer. They had been having symptoms for quite some
               | time, but had been managing them with home treatment, the
               | first day the had insurance they went to get it checked
               | out. Lucky they did, as devastating as it was (and
               | continues to be, turns out your chemo is brutal and
               | having large sections of your colon removed isn't great
               | either) their doctors already weren't sure they could
               | treat it effectively.
               | 
               | While they credit the ACA with saving their life, had we
               | had some form of socialized medicine from the start, this
               | likely would've been caught much earlier, treated much
               | more easily, and with significantly less long term
               | effects.
               | 
               | I couldn't easily find studies on preventative care
               | leading to better outcomes, but given how many diseases
               | (like cancer for example) can go from easily treatable to
               | a catastrophic nightmare depending on how early they are
               | detected, I find it hard to believe that easy, cheap (or
               | free) access screenings would have no effect on outcomes,
               | though I realize how treacherous it can be to rely on
               | instinct instead of data.
        
               | jdlshore wrote:
               | Counterintuitive as it may be, the Oregon Experiment
               | showed _increased_ costs.
               | 
               | It did show an improvement is psychological outcomes, I
               | presume due to peace of mind, because their wasn't a
               | corresponding increase in psychiatric medication.
        
               | freeone3000 wrote:
               | Did the increase in cost also come with an increase in
               | outcomes? I don't think it's counterintuitive that people
               | who couldn't afford healthcare see a doctor, you'll see a
               | lot of issues; did we see a decrease in medical issues
               | across the population?
        
               | jdlshore wrote:
               | No, there was no increase in health outcomes.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | The Accountable Care Act (Obamacare) requires most health
               | plans to cover several screening services at no cost to
               | the patient.
               | 
               | https://www.healthcare.gov/coverage/preventive-care-
               | benefits...
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | Only for billing cost of procedures. It's still a mess.
         | 
         | Did you know that hospitals make money by using name brand
         | medications? They will get a contract with a brand, like
         | Motrin, and charge you full price at $8 a pill. Then Motrin
         | will will evaluate how much the hospital used and give them a
         | big rebate to bring the hospital's cost down under $1 per pill.
         | You can literally buy a bottle of ibuprofen for what they
         | charge for a single pill, but of course in the name of safety
         | (and really kickbacks too) they won't allow the cheaper outside
         | medication. It's effectively an internal monopoly.
        
           | revscat wrote:
           | I'm not sure what your point is. These contracts between
           | seller and merchant were voluntary. There are other hospitals
           | available should you choose, and if not then you have no one
           | to blame but yourself.
        
             | pfisch wrote:
             | Is this supposed to be satire or are you so disconnected
             | from reality that you think this makes sense?
        
             | LimaBearz wrote:
             | I love how conservatives still make this argument. You're
             | arguing for the free market in a system that literally
             | isn't, and doing it in such a way that it tries to be a
             | thought-terminating cliche.
             | 
             | If you get into a car accident tomorrow driving to work,
             | the ambulance/paramedics aren't going to ask you to do your
             | research prior to shuttling you to a hospital to get life
             | saving treatment. Even if you could how would you be able
             | to tell which hospital has what price structure, what
             | services you'll actually need given your medical condition,
             | and what arrangements they have with various drug
             | manufacturers and how that relates to what you require to
             | help your condition. Save it.. "no one to blame but
             | yourself" is so incredibly idiotic is comical.
             | 
             | Take something even more benign, like someone falling and
             | breaking/straining something. Wanna still do your research
             | first? Is it a sprain, fracture, break? How do you know? Is
             | it clear cut? What pain medication will you need? Will you
             | require surgery? What lab work will you need? How many
             | tests will you need? X-rays? CAT scan? MRI? What kind of
             | surgeon? How many nurses? Will you require blood? Whats the
             | recovery like? What about follow up visits? Do you expect
             | us all to practice free market principles and know all that
             | crap in advance for price discovery before deciding to seek
             | treatment?
             | 
             | True free market principles require an asymmetry of
             | information for the system to work, and even "fathers" of
             | the theory understood that and acknowledge the need for
             | regulation when its absent.
        
               | Karsteski wrote:
               | I agree with the premise of your argument, but why did
               | you have to start it with "I love how conservatives still
               | make this argument"?
               | 
               | You have no idea what that person's thoughts or beliefs
               | are...
        
               | ozfive wrote:
               | Because this is the premise of the conservative argument.
               | The thoughts are clearly conveyed.
        
               | visualradio wrote:
               | Price transparency regulations could also be used to
               | implement public price controls or public fines on
               | monopolies engaging in price discrimination.
               | 
               | For instance if a provider billed a patient over 100% of
               | their stated price or over 120% the minimum price for the
               | same item published by comparable providers, there might
               | be some public fine or tax on the biller and rebate to
               | the patient in proportion to the entire amount by which
               | the patient was over-billed regardless of their insurance
               | status.
               | 
               | This would possibly amount to something similar to
               | universal public price negotiation.
               | 
               | But yes the idea of using pricing transparency to
               | suppress over-billing by monopolies could possibly be
               | interpreted as suggesting a rejection of the alternative
               | idea of centrally fixing all consumer facing prices using
               | a public office and then determining all government
               | facing prices from external suppliers providing necessary
               | inputs for the public healthcare system through minimum
               | bid.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | Parent is not labeling the poster as conservative; he is
               | labeling the argument as the underpinning of the same
               | argument conservatives often make. That's a nuanced
               | difference.
        
               | visualradio wrote:
               | If we are concerned with nuance, there's probably at
               | least 2 different conservative arguments.
               | 
               | There is the hyper-libertarian argument which says that
               | if someone arrives at a hospital unconcious, and the
               | hospital bills them the maximum amount they estimate the
               | patient can pay before bankruptcy, so the hospital can
               | maximize initially reported earnings before writing down
               | unpaid debts, that this is somehow a voluntarily market
               | price as long as the hospital is private and not owned by
               | the government, because value is purely subjective and
               | has no relation to cost.
               | 
               | Then there is the other argument which says if hospitals
               | are over-billing people which are under duress, that this
               | is bad and we want to do something about it, but we don't
               | want to immediately nationalize healthcare and ban
               | private health insurance. This second type of
               | conservatism usually focuses on price controls or
               | regulation of monopolies.
               | 
               | With pricing transparency regulations, it's probably
               | possible to implement universal public price negotiation
               | by fining non-elective healthcare providers which bill
               | patients over 100% of their previously published price or
               | 120% of the minimum price published by comparable
               | providers. Then rebate patients the entire amount they
               | were over-billed regardless of their insurance status.
               | 
               | With over-billing rebates there is less need to collect
               | payroll tax to finance social insurance premiums. Need
               | based assistance could be financed from more progressive
               | property taxes on the rich, and the actual price controls
               | could be implemented relatively cheaply by randomly
               | auditing providers to ensure compliance, by allowing
               | patients to manually submit invoices whenever they felt
               | they were over-billed, and by financing rebates to
               | patients entirely from fines on providers.
               | 
               | It's certainly possible that other systems would work
               | better. However if we want to be nuanced there are many
               | different strands of U.S. conservatism. Historically U.S.
               | conservatives subscribed to some form of cost or labor
               | theory of value. The kind of hyper-libertarian
               | conservative movement which says private prices are
               | always fair is probably less than 100 years old.
        
               | bobthechef wrote:
               | > and even "fathers" of the theory understood that and
               | acknowledge the need for regulation when its absent.
               | 
               | I would emphasize that traditional forms of conservatism
               | were never opposed to all regulation and never embraced
               | this libertarian worship of the unregulated market. They
               | were opposed to collectivism, but the only remaining
               | option isn't radical individualism. Neither are good for
               | the individual or for society.
        
               | nick__m wrote:
               | I think you meant :                 True free market
               | principles require a symmetry of information for the
               | system to work
               | 
               | But great post otherwise!
        
               | ozfive wrote:
               | Why is this being downvoted?!?!
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | Too political without basis, I would guess.
        
               | nr3msd wrote:
               | The basis is so completely obvious though, if your health
               | is badly compromised then you will be much less able to
               | make good decisions in any circumstances, let alone
               | dealing with the current for-profit healthcare system in
               | the US.
               | 
               | You Americans are getting so screwed... I got 4 separate
               | X-ray scans done for $40 recently, modern machine, sent
               | home with physical copies and USB, etc.
        
             | BuyMyBitcoins wrote:
             | I've actually tried to "shop around" for hospitals and it's
             | basically impossible. Just about everything is hidden
             | behind some barrier and there's just no way to effectively
             | compare prices. Additionally, you really have no idea what
             | products or services you'll end up receiving while at the
             | hospital.
             | 
             | Most importantly, ALL of this planning and sense of choice
             | goes out the window when you have a true emergency. When
             | that happens all that matters is getting to an ER, fast.
        
               | to11mtm wrote:
               | > Most importantly, ALL of this planning and sense of
               | choice goes out the window when you have a true
               | emergency. When that happens all that matters is getting
               | to an ER, fast.
               | 
               | Yep. I was a victim of this in the -worst- way. 11 years
               | ago I was hospitalized, and it 'just so happened' that
               | the only doctor that would take me while I was admitted
               | was out of network.
               | 
               | BCBS of Michigan in fact later settled out of court in a
               | class action over this behavior, although the 50 or 100$
               | I would have gotten certainly did not make up for the
               | hundreds of dollars that the out of network provider cost
               | me.
        
               | lumost wrote:
               | Not to mention that for scheduled procedures nearly every
               | doctor will require their own imaging for 40-50k a pop at
               | list price before even discussing treatment options and
               | cost.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | What kind of imaging? That seems really high.
        
             | alisonkisk wrote:
             | Are you trolling?
             | 
             | A hospital has even more lock in than the App Store. They
             | can literally legally lock you in.
        
               | raspasov wrote:
               | At least in the US, that would have to go through a
               | court. I don't think a hospital can force you to stay in.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | They mean lock you in to their services only. Once you're
               | in there you're forced to pay for whatever services they
               | provide, which could be a lot in an emergency or if your
               | unconscious. I think they were also referencing the idea
               | that you are forced to pay a high amount for Motrin, when
               | an alternate source would be much cheaper.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Not everywhere has multiple hospitals to choose from. Even
             | if there are multiple hospitals, your insurance might
             | influence your choices too. And at the end of the day, if
             | you're incapacitated, they will just take you to wherever
             | is closest.
             | 
             | The point was that the hospitals are doing things behind
             | the scenes that are not well known that affect the pricing.
             | In this example, they charge you more for using name brand
             | medication and then get a kickback to make money for
             | themselves.
        
             | ModernMech wrote:
             | > These contracts between seller and merchant were
             | voluntary.
             | 
             | I'm guessing you've never been placed on an involuntary
             | psych hold, or woken up at a hospital after an accident
             | left you incapacitated.
        
             | jwilber wrote:
             | This may be the most uninformed comment I've ever read in
             | this site. Ever.
             | 
             | Just completely clueless as to how things are/operate
             | regarding healthcare in the real world.
        
             | dralley wrote:
             | The hospital you end up in is not a free market and usually
             | it's not even a choice. Anyone who who gets in a car
             | accident, falls off a roof, has a heart attack will be
             | lucky to still be conscious when the ambulance picks them
             | up, much less in a state of mind to be considering the
             | relative merits.
        
               | dantheman wrote:
               | Yet emergency care is relatively small portion of health
               | care costs - so maybe deal with that last. It'd be hard
               | for hospitals to make the case that emergency care is
               | substantially more costly than similar procedures they
               | offer.
        
               | unishark wrote:
               | Even for ER visits alone, it's not true that patients are
               | "usually" incapacitated or on the verge of death.
               | Something like a third aren't even urgent and only a
               | small percentage are admitted to the hospital. And the
               | most common reasons for visits are mostly pain complaints
               | with a conscious patient. On average people get triaged
               | to the waiting room to wait for 40 minutes or whatever.
               | 
               | There was a thread here a while back about something like
               | an emergency-mode uber for replacing ambulances for most
               | ER trips. Something similar might also be done for
               | shopping for cheaper urgent care too perhaps. Say a
               | clinic that is open late and will check out your scary
               | rash/cough/pain without charging so much.
        
               | vletal wrote:
               | In Czechia we have sufficient capacity of ambulances and
               | other emergency services. What happens is that off peak
               | they serve to help move old people to hospital, like a
               | super expensive taxi. In these cases I can see how
               | "emergency Uber" could help. On the other hand the
               | doctors serving in these ambulances are usually extremely
               | well prepared, the best MD students go to study to serve
               | there. Even if it is one in a hundred cases, they will
               | recognize the stroke from a random chest pain. Replacing
               | them would surely increase the death rate in these
               | cases...
        
               | unishark wrote:
               | Sure but you can make such an argument about every single
               | medical issue. People can drop dead in a few days due to
               | an unexpectedly aggressive toe infection. At some point
               | we need to compare risks to costs.
               | 
               | There will always be a trade-off between quality and
               | cost. If you accept nothing less than highest quality
               | (enforced by law and an extremely litigious society),
               | then you get the US hyper-inflation of healthcare prices.
               | 
               | Also in the US, I think ambulances typically only have
               | EMT's and paramedics. Though sometimes it can cost as
               | much as the ER itself.
        
           | spaetzleesser wrote:
           | As far as pricing goes I view US hospitals basically as money
           | grabbing scam operations. What they are doing is just insane.
           | It's hard to believe Americans are putting up with this
           | nonsense or even defend it.
        
         | ytdytvhxgydvhh wrote:
         | It was, but apparently we're not there yet in terms of
         | compliance: https://www.axios.com/hospitals-price-transparency-
         | costs-reg...
        
         | Black101 wrote:
         | yes... One of the good things Trump did
        
           | cirrus3 wrote:
           | no one took or will take that chump b*itch seriously
        
         | crawsome wrote:
         | definitely not trump
        
           | TheHypnotist wrote:
           | I actually think this was maybe one of the few things Trump's
           | admin did that roundly was viewed as good.
        
       | stuart78 wrote:
       | Would "Small Pharma" have gotten us our COVID vaccines faster?
       | 
       | I get the complaints, but so much of these actions feel like they
       | don't start with an understanding of the benefits large can
       | bring.
        
       | Black101 wrote:
       | My health insurance is buying hospital company stocks.
        
         | jbluepolarbear wrote:
         | Vile
        
           | Black101 wrote:
           | it is not my fault that they are being let run free
        
             | jbluepolarbear wrote:
             | Oh I'm not calling you vile. The insurance companies are.
             | Mine is already very intertwined with the hospitals in my
             | area.
        
               | ambicapter wrote:
               | I think you misunderstood GP. I don't think he was
               | claiming that the insurance company was literally buying
               | stocks, he is saying his manner of insuring his health is
               | buying hospital stocks (in the hope that their value will
               | go up high enough to pay off any medical procedures he
               | needs in the future).
        
               | Black101 wrote:
               | that is correct
        
       | throwawayboise wrote:
       | "Hearing aids cost thousands of dollars apiece, for no other
       | reason than there is a cartel established by government that
       | prevents firms from selling hearing aids without a prescription."
       | 
       | An example of how many (most?) monopolies are able to exist
       | because of some sort of legal authorization or protection.
       | Regulatory capture.
       | 
       | There are dozens of companies who would no doubt start making
       | inexpensive hearing aids tomorrow. Absent government regulation,
       | they already would be.
        
         | ISL wrote:
         | Queue "overpowered OTC aids destroyed my hearing" pushback...
        
           | oliv__ wrote:
           | Queue private agency testing, evaluating and rating products
           | on the market
        
             | antifa wrote:
             | https://github.com/auchenberg/volkswagen
        
             | rtkwe wrote:
             | Cue rating agencies passing anything because hearing aid
             | companies can go to another rating company if they don't,
             | like what happened with mortgage securities in the 00s...
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Yeah, it is totally impossible to have competition on
               | regulated market. Monopoly is only possible solution.
               | 
               | Or something.
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | Credit rating agencies and the subprime crisis: https://en.
             | wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_rating_agencies_and_the...
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | Is that really going to be a thing? Earbuds have been out for
           | a long time and are easily capable of destroying hearing.
        
             | PoignardAzur wrote:
             | As someone with a relative who install these: yeah, it can
             | be a thing.
             | 
             | The gap between "too soft, doesn't help you hear" and "too
             | loud, damages your hearing" can be narrow.
             | 
             | Usually it's more of a problem in the other direction, with
             | doctors playing it safe and tamping down the aid to the
             | point of uselessness.
        
           | im_down_w_otp wrote:
           | Total aside, in this context I think it's "cue". Like a cue
           | card.
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | Bose's hearing aids were recently approved by the FDA, and
           | they're only $850. The APM Marketplace program recently
           | covered this development and the hearing aid monopoly. The
           | sky isn't going to fall.
           | 
           | https://www.npr.org/podcasts/381444600/marketplace
           | 
           | https://www.bose.com/en_us/products/headphones/earbuds/sound.
           | ..
        
             | mgerdts wrote:
             | $850 each and as of a month or so ago only available in 3
             | states.
             | 
             | At Costco you can get what seem to be high end hearing aids
             | for $699 each. The current generation are rechargeable and
             | support bluetooth. This includes the free hearing test free
             | fitting ("real ear", which is current best practice) and
             | followup so long as you have a membership.
             | 
             | The key thing that is lacking is a decent app or api for me
             | to write my own. Oh, that and phone conversations using the
             | hearing aid's bluetooth is pretty bad.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Half seriously, Medicare should consider including a
               | Costco membership with their coverage for the elderly.
        
             | the_third_wave wrote:
             | > Bose's hearing aids were recently approved by the FDA,
             | and they're only $850.
             | 
             |  _Only_ $850? That is a new use of the word _only_ as far
             | as I 'm concerned. These things, which are in many ways
             | similar to if not identical with bluetooth earbuds should
             | not cost more than those - and given the fact that Apple
             | managed to convince people that $200 is a normal price for
             | these things that should leave more than enough margin for
             | an unhealthy profit margin seeing as how the ones I'm using
             | cost [?] of that while achieving a longer battery life.
        
               | SamuelAdams wrote:
               | Hi, I wear hearing aids full time and have been wearing
               | them all my life. They are not identical to Bluetooth
               | earbuds. The sound is completely different. Hearing aids
               | need to be able to be adjusted to the wearer's particular
               | hearing loss. For example I need more amplification on
               | high frequency pitches and less amplification on lower
               | pitches.
               | 
               | Good hearing aids are also environmentally aware. They
               | will adjust the amplification to be different in a car,
               | bus, and quiet conference room. Cheap hearing aids rarely
               | do this well. There is a very drastic difference between
               | 800 dollar hearing aids and 10,000 aids. Trust me, I've
               | tried both of them.
               | 
               | At best these Bluetooth headphones / earbuds you mention
               | can just make all noises louder, across all environments.
               | That helps a bit but it is not the same as what a good
               | pair of hearing aids can do today.
        
               | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
               | Is there an earbud costs $30 with active noise
               | cancelation and transparency mode? I want this.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Traditionally, the cost for hearing aids runs in the
               | thousands of dollars. Perfect is the enemy of good
               | enough, progress takes time.
        
               | the_third_wave wrote:
               | The only progress needed here is for the protection
               | racket to be broken down, this can be done with the
               | stroke of a pen. Allowing it to "take time" only gives
               | those who seek to extract as much money as possible from
               | the artificially limited market more time to do so.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | I encourage you (and others) to actively engage with your
               | Congressional representatives and regulators in this
               | regard.
        
               | the_third_wave wrote:
               | Being European I think they will pay even less attention
               | to me than they would to their constituents. Hearing aids
               | are expensive on this side of the Atlantic as well though
               | - although less expensive than in the USA - so it is
               | still worth finding a way to open up this market. Just
               | like intrepid hackers managed to turn routing appliances
               | into versatile network components by creating OpenWRT,
               | DD-WRT and similar "hacks" it would be refreshing to see
               | something like this happening by someone creating new
               | firmware for earbuds. While this would not be a real
               | solution - hearing aids need longer battery life than
               | earbuds for starters - it would give lie to the defence
               | of high hearing aid prices. Any earbud with active noise
               | cancellation probably has enough DSP capacity to
               | implement the equaliser necessary to function as a
               | hearing aid so the hardware should be available for such
               | a hack.
               | 
               | There was an IndiGogo project aiming to produce 2-in-1
               | earbuds/hearing aids, it was funded in 15 minutes...
               | 
               | https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/olive-
               | pro-2-in-1-hearing-...
        
               | pkaye wrote:
               | The high price for hearing aids in the US is due to that
               | independent providers need to mark up their hearing aids
               | to pay for their overhead. So a $4k/pair hearing aid
               | might have cost $2k/pair for them. Here Costco also sells
               | hearing aids so they private label the same top end
               | hearing aids for $1.4k/pair. They are a lot cheaper
               | because they make profits through their overall
               | membership base. Also they can negotiate a volume
               | discount. Based of talking to the audiologist, I'd say
               | the supplier sells them for $1.3k/pair tops.
               | 
               | Having hearing aids myself, the big thing is amplifying
               | the sound without the noise. The device needs to figure
               | out what to focus on. If I'm in a restaurant with lots of
               | background noise and people talking, what should be
               | amplified. Most hearing aids use multiple microphones and
               | program settings to identify what to focus on. And there
               | are different kinds of noise like car engine noise or
               | HVAC noise. And don't forget the wind noise on the
               | microphone when you are walking. Also hearing aids
               | compress the dynamic range and frequencies to extend the
               | range of hearing to improve comprehension. And if there
               | is a sudden loud noise it shouldn't go beyond a
               | comfortable power level.
        
               | the_third_wave wrote:
               | > <list of hearing aid functions/>
               | 
               | Yes, a hearing aid is not the same as a noise-cancelling
               | earbud, they use different algorithms and the former
               | needs to be more configurable than the latter. Then
               | again, this functionality is implemented in firmware and
               | uses common audio processing algorithms on off-the-shelf
               | low-power DSPs, just like those noise-cancelling earbuds.
               | The IndieGogo example I mentioned seems to be able to
               | sell a pair of multi-purpose buds for around $250 a pair,
               | $600 for 3 pairs. Assuming they are actually making a
               | profit on these sales - and I don't see why they
               | wouldn't, the hardware seems quite standard for noise-
               | cancelling earbuds - this is proof of what I stated
               | before and gives lie to the "overhead" excuse for the
               | high mark-up, especially given the small size of the
               | company behind the things. Of course I do not know
               | whether the buds sold through IndieGogo are as capable
               | hearing aids as "regular, overpriced" ones and I do
               | notice that the stated running time (18 hours) is that of
               | the buds and the charging case together - the buds
               | themselves last for 7 hours between charges. They're
               | specified for "mild ~ moderately-severe hearing loss" and
               | seem to have the required amplification and equalizing
               | capabilities [1]. Maybe give them a try? I don't need
               | hearing aids myself but my mother does use them so I'm
               | thinking about getting her a pair of these once her
               | current pair is in need of replacement.
               | 
               | [1] https://c1.iggcdn.com/indiegogo-media-prod-
               | cld/image/upload/...
        
           | odiroot wrote:
           | *Cue
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > There are dozens of companies who would no doubt start making
         | inexpensive hearing aids tomorrow. Absent government
         | regulation, they already would be.
         | 
         | And with the lack of certification requirement, someone _will_
         | start cutting corners to make an extra chunk of profit. Just
         | imagine a faulty hearing aid that fails while a person is
         | driving, and the person causing an accident as a result. Good
         | luck suing anyone over that one. Or people mis-tuning hearing
         | aids leading to more damage than before.
         | 
         | Another thing I can easily imagine is unscrupulous
         | manufacturers using banned chemicals to manufacture the hearing
         | aids. We have enough of this sort of shenanigans with nickel
         | allergies in jewelry.
        
           | alisonkisk wrote:
           | Hearing is not required to safely operate a vehicle.
           | 
           | And why wouldn't someone be able to sue successfully?
        
             | tomc1985 wrote:
             | What? Driving with headphones is forbidden where I am. And
             | at minimum you need to be able to hear a carhorn.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | Are deaf people forbidden to drive where you are?
        
               | mlindner wrote:
               | They're not, but it's still illegal to drive with
               | headphones.
               | 
               | Deaf people still are unable to properly hear so are more
               | unsafe when driving. They're legally allowed to do so
               | because of deaf people lobbying legislators to force them
               | to be allowed to do so.
        
               | jdavis703 wrote:
               | And emergency sirens/bullhorns, motorcycles, train horns
               | at unguarded railroad crossing gates, etc.
        
               | comex wrote:
               | Even assuming that's true, if your hearing suddenly cuts
               | out, and you decide to pull over in response, the chance
               | you'll encounter one of those objects in the few seconds
               | it takes to pull over is rather low.
               | 
               | For this to be a real danger, either the driver would
               | have to not notice that they suddenly couldn't hear
               | anything, or the faulty hearing aid would have to pass
               | through some sounds but not others. Both of those
               | scenarios seem pretty unlikely.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, from some quick googling, it seems to be
               | common for completely deaf people to drive; apparently
               | there are devices that can translate sirens and such into
               | visual cues, but such devices are not universally used.
               | To be fair, it's a bit different if you're not expecting
               | it or practiced at it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | "monopolies are able to exist because of some sort of legal
         | authorization or protection"
         | 
         | The entire point of patents...
        
           | throwaway5752 wrote:
           | It was not great before patents when a big company could
           | steal your work and put you out of business after you put in
           | the R&D effort.
        
             | alisonkisk wrote:
             | what big business was doing that before 1789?
        
             | ModernMech wrote:
             | Now they just file the patent before inventing it, let you
             | do the R&D for them to make it a reality, and sue your for
             | patent infringement when you go to market.
        
             | Notanothertoo wrote:
             | As someone who started a business only to get a bullshit
             | suit that I was unable to afford by one of the largest re
             | insurance providers in the world (#1/2), the idea that the
             | ip/patent legal framework as it is today helps the little
             | guy is a slap in the face.
             | 
             | They preemptively sued me in a state I've never worked in
             | or entered for that matter because the favorable corporate
             | law there, and that is why they have their hq there. They
             | would file a bullshit motion, get everyone in front of the
             | judge. Somebody would point it out, they would retract it,
             | and immediately file a new one and request everyone have
             | time to review it. All the while bleeding me dry at 500$ an
             | hour for litigation on top of travel expenses plus the
             | regular legal fees of multiple lawyers across two states.
             | 
             | The whole thing was bullshit, lots of red flags but I
             | lacked the capital to assert my agency legally..
             | 
             | The ip/patent framework as it is today helps nobody but big
             | co and promotes regulatory capture. It prevents the kind of
             | reverse engineering you see in China and why we don't have
             | things like removable battery cell phone mods and other
             | "hacks" here. It's why the right to repair is an issue at
             | all, if they didn't have this legal framework they wouldn't
             | be able to enforce any of it legally. Somebody would come
             | along and offer a service to do it at a fraction of the
             | cost. Why do I have to keep buying the same media over and
             | over again on different formats. It's amazing to me seeing
             | the most authoritarian regime in modern history leverage
             | the free market better than the "capitalists". Sorry for
             | the rant but this shit is imo the reason for most of the
             | corporate bullshit today. It's what empowers the lawyers.
        
               | throwaway5752 wrote:
               | If you tossed out the patent system, would you get any
               | less screwed? Or just screwed in a different way, or
               | worse?
               | 
               | I really don't know. Your experience is awful and clearly
               | unjust and an abuse of the system. You didn't mention
               | Texas, but I'm guessing Texas. What happens there is a
               | national disgrace.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | The court system is a joke. It has nothing to do with
               | justice. On the criminal side, you can get a citation for
               | a $500 fine and it's better to just plead guilty because
               | a lawyer will cost you at least that much. It's a
               | financial punishment even if you are innocent. If you
               | don't hire a lawyer the judge won't take you seriously
               | and call you names like "sovereign citizen". The number
               | of mistakes and the amount of ignorance by the people
               | running the system is repulsive and leads to violations
               | of rights.
               | 
               | As _just one_ laughable example, I had a magistrate think
               | that requesting the case to be dismissed with prejudice
               | was me calling him prejudice. You dont even need to have
               | a law degree or pass the bar to be a magistrate.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Yeah, that used to be the point of patents. Now it seems
             | it's mostly to squeeze as much out of people by capturing
             | the majority of the market by not allowing similar
             | products.
             | 
             | I mean, we have CEOs of biomedical companies admitting that
             | they aren't basing prices off of what it costs to research,
             | develop, and deliver a therapy, but rather base it off of
             | what a deaparare person is willing to pay for it. This is
             | the very thing antitrust laws were supposed to prevent, but
             | the patent system is used to create a similar environment.
        
               | throwaway5752 wrote:
               | Agreed? Patents are being misused. We should fix that.
               | Patents fixed gross injustices when they were created,
               | and we shouldn't forget that, either. Software is
               | probably the worst example of a field for patents and I
               | think the case for patenting algorithms or design is
               | dicey. But if you sink 100M into drug R&D, a novel type
               | of medical device, or a new type of semiconductor CVD
               | process you should have some protection against reverse
               | engineering from competition for a period of time.
               | 
               | Since the problem seems to come a lot, maybe the problem
               | is the role of money in politics and we should address
               | the root cause. Just a thought.
        
               | Notanothertoo wrote:
               | No you shouldn't.. The idea that your idea is so novel it
               | should be legally enforced as "yours" is pretty
               | egotistical imo. How do you credit the millions of ideas
               | you are basing yours off of. It's also information, it's
               | not "stolen" in the sense that multiple people can't use
               | it at the same time.
               | 
               | Benefit of rnd is being first to market. You will capture
               | much of the market while everyone else catches up and you
               | are in a better position to innovate.
               | 
               | Also without these legal barriers if somebody can improve
               | on it and make it better that's better for the community
               | and consumer at large and allows for constant iteration.
               | 
               | Also there is a lot of bad behavior and things encouraged
               | by the patent system. You have judges giving patents over
               | technical nuances they can't possibly learn in a
               | courtroom. You have companies like Intel spending
               | millions on legal teams to enforce things rather then
               | engineering innovation, which is great until you are no
               | longer the dominant player and global players don't play
               | by those rules.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Drug companies spend more on marketing than on R&D. Much
               | of the research is done with grants and government money.
               | The vast majority of medical devices use the 510K process
               | for approval, which means they are substantially similar
               | to existing device (to bypass testing).
               | 
               | Sure some protection is necessary. You could make it
               | based on development costs and have much shorter times
               | for things that were cheap to do.
               | 
               | "maybe the problem is the role of money in politics and
               | we should address the root cause. "
               | 
               | There are a lot of problems in politics that should be
               | fixed - rules for thee but not for me (rule of law
               | ignored), basically insider trading, high lifetime
               | pensions, long careers, two party system, media
               | bias/lies, and even problems in the voter base (us v
               | them). Money is an issue, but it's really only good if
               | the constituents are gullible or believe in the ends
               | justifying the means. The real root of all of this is
               | that politicians are a separate class from the rest of us
               | and aren't accountable to anyone unless their
               | transgressions are egregious, and then only sometimes.
               | Rule of law has become a joke.
        
               | throwaway5752 wrote:
               | Drug companies are just similar to software in that
               | regard. They acquire a bunch of companies that do basic
               | R&D and get drug pipelines. Those founders get rich
               | because they have patent protection. Just look at
               | biosimilars for a taste of what might happen without
               | patent protections.
               | 
               | I am more familiar with the 510(k) that most people are.
               | It bypasses _some_ testing, but there is still a fair
               | amount of work. It has nothing to do with R &D
               | expenditures that may or may not be behind an submission.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | 510K is faster and cheaper in regards to studies given
               | that it doesn't necessarily require human data nor
               | clinical trials, which can be fairly large costs.
        
           | em3rgent0rdr wrote:
           | There are good arguments for abolishing or limiting patents.
           | The cost of monopoly may exceed any benefit.
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | > The entire point of patents...
           | 
           | Well, if that were so, you would expect them to be secret and
           | to never expire. The fact that are published and expire after
           | a relatively short period belies the simplicity of that
           | statement.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | In today's world, 20 years could mean the patented object
             | is obsolete by the time it is public domain. Having
             | exclusive use of the technology for the duration of it's
             | useful life expectancy seems like a monopoly to me...
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | Yes, there is probably a good argument to be made that
               | many patents should have a shorter protected period. Also
               | the "non obvious" requirement for an invention seems to
               | need more emphasis, when an idea like "one click
               | ordering" can be patented.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I really feel like ideas shouldn't be patented at all,
               | just their implementation.
        
             | Notanothertoo wrote:
             | Ever greening patents is standard practice today. This is
             | why insulin is so expensive. Another good example is
             | Disney's bs. They have kept thinks out of public domain for
             | over a hundred years.. The 20 years thing is for the little
             | guy, if he can ever afford the 50k patent and legal fees in
             | the first place.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Disney is copywrite, not patent. Copywrite lasts 50 years
               | past the creators death (was shorter, but Disney lobbied
               | to have it extended).
        
         | Johnny555 wrote:
         | _There are dozens of companies who would no doubt start making
         | inexpensive hearing aids tomorrow. Absent government
         | regulation, they already would be._
         | 
         | There are already dozens of companies making them:
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/Hearing-Amplifiers/b?ie=UTF8&node=377...
        
         | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
         | If it's true that hearing aids shouldn't need a prescription
         | and can be made cheaply, shouldn't it be easy for anyone who
         | needs one to buy online from overseas? The same way you can get
         | grey market viagra.
        
           | notriddle wrote:
           | The problem is that you don't want zero regulation. That's
           | how you get fire hazard USB chargers from no-name Amazon
           | sellers. You want minimal safety regulations -- and no more.
        
         | slg wrote:
         | >An example of how many (most?) monopolies are able to exist
         | because of some sort of legal authorization or protection.
         | Regulatory capture.
         | 
         | To be clear this "legal authorization or protection" is not
         | necessarily over regulation. Depending on the market, sometimes
         | monopolies are the result of too much government regulation and
         | sometimes they are the result of not enough government
         | regulation. For example, most of the big tech monopolies do not
         | exist because of regulatory capture. They exist because the
         | government never put in enough effort to stop the monopolies
         | from forming.
        
           | Notanothertoo wrote:
           | Big tech wouldn't have the silos or platform lock downs (ie
           | power/user capture) they have today without the ip legal
           | framework. People would be able to legally circumvent their
           | bs and offer services around gaps in their platforms and
           | would encourage more competition and result in a less
           | monopolistic practice.
           | 
           | I think all monopolies are violence enforced or they are
           | competitive otherwise somebody would step in and undercut
           | their costs and the government has a monopoly on violence
           | so...
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | Software patents are a failure. Software shouldn't be
             | patentable. I bet software innovation would increase, not
             | decrease, without patents.
        
           | walkedaway wrote:
           | > do not exist because of regulatory capture
           | 
           | It's reasonable to conclude that Facebook and Twitter have
           | benefitted greatly by not having expenses to properly monitor
           | their platform due to section 230 safe harbor exemption. They
           | are able to get away with selective enforcement on their
           | platform and not pay a monetary penalty for doing so.
        
           | ipaddr wrote:
           | Some exist because of copyright otherwise Microsoft would
           | have been legally cloned out of business back in the day.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | > For example, most of the big tech monopolies do not exist
           | because of regulatory capture. They exist because the
           | government never put in enough effort to stop the monopolies
           | from forming.
           | 
           | Is it possible they exist because the immense economies of
           | scale and near zero marginal cost that software provides
           | makes for a winner take all market?
           | 
           | As a customer, why would one use the 2nd best option, when
           | the best option is available at no extra cost or very little
           | cost?
        
             | slg wrote:
             | Well yes, that is the "Depending on the market" part I
             | mentioned in the sentence before the one you quoted. Some
             | markets have traits that are more likely to lead to natural
             | monopolies. A government acting in the best interest of its
             | citizens would usually work on creating regulation in these
             | markets to discourage monopolies.
        
               | lwouis wrote:
               | You make an implicit assumption that a monopoly can't be
               | the best way to organize an industry, and that
               | competition is always better.
               | 
               | I'm not convinced by this assumption as i've seen
               | contrary evidence. I've seen monopolies doing a great
               | job, and i've seen competition destroy quality of service
               | and price.
               | 
               | I would agree that the government needs to mitigate
               | private actors. This regulation can take the form of
               | splitting a monopoly but it can also take the form of
               | keeping it a monopoly and regulating it by having a
               | presence on the Board or through law.
               | 
               | The idea that we need multiple groups of people working
               | on solving the same goal concurrently doesn't strike me
               | of a one-size-fits-all approach. Multiple competing
               | restaurants in a town is probably the way to go. Having
               | virtual operators on the back of one physical infra as is
               | the case with phone carriers for instance I would say is
               | probably causing lots of overheads. I've seen it first
               | hand from the inside. Turns out it's really complex to
               | virtualize infra and have tenant-based billing. The only
               | real difference is now you have 5 companies competing on
               | marketing and offers on top of the same physical reality.
               | Marketing costs can't vanish so the consumer is losing
               | that money one way or another
        
               | cD2nmRoHAbI wrote:
               | Quoting: 'Markets have traits'
               | 
               | [sings]  IN REAL LIFE WE ARE ALL ZONED IN SPACES  (-:
        
             | foota wrote:
             | I don't know if I would argue it applies to tech, but the
             | economic term for this is a "natural monopoly", a market
             | where the most efficient outcome is to have a single
             | supplier. A common example is electrical transmission,
             | since it wouldn't make sense to have 3 separate overlapping
             | distribution networks. These are typically allowed to exist
             | by regulation and controlled in some way, for example there
             | is the common carrier concept for electrical transmission.
        
             | nicoburns wrote:
             | That and lack of anti-trust action (or other deterrents
             | against large businesses) on the part of the government.
             | 
             | A consumer shouldn't chhose the second if they don't want
             | to. But governments should step in to ensure that the
             | market remains competetive.
        
             | 8ytecoder wrote:
             | That assumption doesn't go well with what we saw in the
             | case of Instagram and then Snapchat. Both took significant
             | share out of Facebook but Facebook was able to buy
             | Instagram and copy Snapchat to retain its monopoly. The
             | Instagram acquisition shouldn't have been possible is what
             | the parent seems to be alluding to.
        
               | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
               | Instagram had 10mn users and a one week old Android app
               | at the time it was acquired.
               | 
               | Their ad system was pretty much ported from FB, one
               | assumes, and their ads were sold by FB reps as part of a
               | package.
               | 
               | I honestly don't know if they would have made it
               | independently (and we'll never know, I guess).
               | 
               | The snapchat thing was different. Snap had a policy of
               | focusing on iOS, while FB, IG and Whatsapp (all of which
               | cloned their core feature) were available on Android. I
               | personally think Snapchat shot themselves in the foot
               | with bad product strategy.
               | 
               | And look at TikTok. They are definitely the biggest
               | competitor FB have ever faced, so I'd imagine that the
               | future competitive landscape for them looks much more
               | difficult than the past.
        
               | stevetodd wrote:
               | > I personally think Snapchat shot themselves in the foot
               | with bad product strategy.
               | 
               | Seems to have worked out poorly for them.
        
         | maxk42 wrote:
         | The only problem I see with allowing anyone to offer hearing
         | aids is the hypothetical problem that a malfunctioning product
         | may harm someone's hearing further.
         | 
         | That's a real issue to be addressed, but generally I agree that
         | making it easier for people to help other people is better than
         | throwing up obstacles.
        
           | yissp wrote:
           | A huge number of everyday products have the potential to
           | cause serious harm if they're defective, but they generally
           | aren't regulated to the extent that hearing aids are. As a
           | sibling comment points out, the threat of law suits keeps
           | manufacturers in check.
        
           | nostromo wrote:
           | Earphones can damage someone's hearing. Should those require
           | a prescription too?
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | In the pre-regulatory system, you could sue the manufacturer
           | in those cases.
           | 
           | I think that was better for most cases.
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | I assume there are countries where you can already buy hearing
         | aids without prescription?
        
       | stevespang wrote:
       | Big corporations are better organized and better lawyer equipped
       | than the Gov't, and can generally outspend the Gov't in legal
       | proceedings.
       | 
       | The best and brightest lawyers don't work for the lower paying
       | Gov't - - they work for the best paying huge corporations.
        
       | chiefalchemist wrote:
       | It's about control. These "Big" companies are in a position to
       | collect plenty of data about the market - companies and
       | individuals. They are now able to do what previously was
       | exclusive (read: monopoly) to the government.
       | 
       | I'm not defending "Big *", simply noting that historical context
       | is mostly irrelevant. The game is different now. The rules also
       | different. It's not about markets and dominance. It's not about
       | economic monopolies. It's about control. Control of the future.
       | Control of the narrative.
        
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