[HN Gopher] Protect student privacy: ban eproctoring
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Protect student privacy: ban eproctoring
        
       Author : giuliomagnifico
       Score  : 474 points
       Date   : 2021-07-09 08:08 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.baneproctoring.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.baneproctoring.com)
        
       | inglor_cz wrote:
       | I wonder to what degree is the cheating epidemics rooted in the
       | fact that we have made a college title something of a Golden
       | Calf. Or at least Bronze Calf with a thin gold finishing. (Even
       | idol vendors cheat...)
       | 
       | Too many people feel the push to have a degree even if their
       | capabilities (not just raw intelligence, but things like grit)
       | aren't on the necessary level. Then they resort to cheating.
        
       | maweki wrote:
       | We employed the method of mixing the order of questions, not
       | giving question titles, and having a pool of subtly different
       | questions (a negation or a different constant slipped in) in
       | order to vastly increase the amount of necessary communication to
       | collaborate.
       | 
       | We had the students turn on their webcams just to discourage them
       | sitting in the same room, which basically would negate our former
       | efforts. Neither did we flag any behavior nor did we record
       | anything or used some automatic software.
       | 
       | I believe that worked quite nicely. A few cheaters were easily
       | spotted when they had the wrong constants in their answer.
       | 
       | I understand that not every course and exam style is suitable for
       | that. But for our databases course, it was applicable.
       | 
       | I think that this was not much more invasive than a traditional
       | exam. Anything more, like watching the screen, or having audio,
       | would make me feel uncomfortable.
        
         | notenoughhorses wrote:
         | This semester all my exams are open note, no proctoring. I
         | think it is harder for professors to write a good exam this way
         | (they need to make the questions things that test understanding
         | instead of just recall.) I'm certainly doing way better with
         | this method, but I think I am still learning the subject just
         | as well as I would in the "old" method of stressful proctoring
         | and memorization.
         | 
         | It seems like with software, you could easily write math
         | questions with different inputs, as you suggest (in fact, our
         | homework software already did that for math last semester), but
         | it seems that those tools are not built into the testing
         | software so much. It definitely seems like a solvable issue
         | though!
        
         | pfortuny wrote:
         | I (undegrad. prof. of mathematics, Spain) did "nothing" (see
         | below) except prepare (not so) different exams.
         | 
         | Same results as always. Exactly the same.
         | 
         | Someone will have cheated. Well, as always: I am sure people
         | cheat at my exams as they do at any other.
         | 
         | I do not repent and I do not think I would do otherwise.
         | 
         | *However*: I _DID_ spend a lot of time preparing materials,
         | attending tutorials, replying to emails, correcting my lecture
         | notes, recording videos...
         | 
         | I honestly think my students acted in accordance to my
         | attitude: if you are honest, we are going to be as well.
        
           | Frost1x wrote:
           | I had an very relaxed Indian professor who served as as
           | department chair when I went to university and he always had
           | open book/note quizzes, tests/exams with no restrictions.
           | These exams weren't designed to be more difficult, some
           | answers you could very quickly reference from the associated
           | text, handouts, or your notes.
           | 
           | People asked if he was concerned that people cheated or
           | wouldn't learn anything and he once gave an insightful
           | comment m that stuck with me: if people cheat, and they will,
           | they're only cheating themselves.
           | 
           | He was right because while almost everyone passed his
           | classes, not everyone ended up with successful careers. If
           | they did, they probably had to pickup the sort of knowledge
           | he crafted together like a masterful chef and hand fed us.
           | The education is the product, not the degree. The degree is
           | often a necessary rubber stamp to get past the first
           | interview filters but it's not going to help you in most
           | positions for the subsequent interview or actual job demands.
           | You're really only cheating yourself of the education because
           | the education is the real product here.
           | 
           | Things have changed a bit and you can find pretty much
           | anything online readily, but you have to chop up the
           | information, prep it, and craft it into a meal. Over time
           | these skills improve and you too can become a knowledge chef
           | but your (good) university programs give you the tools to
           | become a knowledge chef in your field. They start you out as
           | a cook who knows how to do certain things but they also give
           | techniques you need to make your own new dishes. That's what
           | you're paying for.
        
             | nybble41 wrote:
             | > He was right because while almost everyone passed his
             | classes, not everyone ended up with successful careers.
             | 
             | That can hurt the school's reputation if it becomes known
             | for passing students who aren't actually prepared to do the
             | work. Employers would prefer to recruit from schools where
             | having a diploma actually means one is capable of doing
             | what the job requires.
        
         | undfg wrote:
         | >We employed the method of mixing the order of questions, not
         | giving question titles, and having a pool of subtly different
         | questions (a negation or a different constant slipped in)
         | 
         | What an awful burden to put on the shoulders of the already
         | overworked and underpaid professors.
        
           | notenoughhorses wrote:
           | I pay over $6,000 a semester to attend a reasonably-priced
           | state university. While the professors may be overworked and
           | underpaid, from a student perspective, for the money I give
           | the institution, the institution can invest a little in
           | systems that do all this automatically.
           | 
           | International students pay significantly more, and there are
           | often 100 students or more in a class.
           | 
           | So it's also not a great solution to put the burden of
           | overworked professors onto the students by invading privacy
           | and making them use poorly built suffrage to do so.
           | 
           | The trouble is at the institution level.
        
             | undfg wrote:
             | I posted this during EU time; I understand they are ripping
             | you off, but your comment does not apply to what I'm
             | saying.
        
               | lol768 wrote:
               | Expensive fees are a thing in countries that observe
               | timezones aligned with "EU time" too.
        
           | maweki wrote:
           | We did this through the exam software (Browser-Based).
           | Everything not checked automatically (multiple choice) was
           | sorted by question in the backend. We (the examiners) had all
           | the information. It was just hidden from the students.
        
             | legutierr wrote:
             | Might I ask, was the exam software you used something you
             | acquired from a third-party, or was it something you built
             | yourselves? Would you recommend it? I have been
             | dissatisfied with everything we have tried so far in my
             | organization, and what you used sounds pretty good.
        
               | maweki wrote:
               | https://github.com/ILIAS-eLearning/ILIAS
               | 
               | It's a whole platform for e-learning. The exam system is
               | ... usable. The fine arts, law, and social silences like
               | it very much, because long form answers are readable.
               | 
               | The natural sciences with the math bit have to work
               | around it. We manage.
        
               | easton wrote:
               | I don't know what you use for your LMS, but I know Canvas
               | can do most of that as part of its Quiz system (randomize
               | questions given, randomize constants and answers, etc).
               | I'm sure Blackboard and moodle have something similar.
               | 
               | https://community.canvaslms.com/t5/Instructor-Guide/How-
               | do-I...
        
             | undfg wrote:
             | Glad that you had an automatic system going, but most
             | universities don't have one and can't fund its development,
             | and wanting to shift this burden to professors is
             | unreasonable.
        
               | p49k wrote:
               | Your stance is that it's unaffordable for a university to
               | spend a small amount of money on randomized browser
               | tests, therefore they should spend a large amount of
               | money on intrusive spying software?
        
               | undfg wrote:
               | I don't believe a public institution would be able to
               | come up with a system like this that works reasonably and
               | have it developed in a reasonable amount of time within a
               | reasonable budget.
        
               | mkl wrote:
               | Your belief is contradicted by reality. For example:
               | https://stack-assessment.org/
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | > _I don 't believe a public institution would be able to
               | come up with a system like this that works reasonably_
               | 
               | I don't believe "e-proctoring" companies are capable of
               | it, either. I got disqualified from an exam for five
               | `onblur` events (while my screen was being recorded), and
               | it kept counting while the "DO NOT CHEAT" lockout message
               | was displayed; if that's "works reasonably" then I don't
               | know what isn't.
        
               | loktarogar wrote:
               | In 2009 I developed a system like this as part of my
               | course at the equivalent of a community college. The
               | premise of the class was to develop a real world
               | application employing the skills we had learned so far
               | (project management, programming, etc). The whole class
               | (10 people) participated in building this software.
               | 
               | We spent 6 months on it and as far as I heard was still
               | in use as late as 2015.
               | 
               | You don't have to create a whole system; just a database
               | that prepares variants of questions, and a method to put
               | it into the existing exam software.
        
               | mkl wrote:
               | You are misinformed. Moodle (LMS) and STACK (maths quiz
               | system with symbolic comparison etc.) are open source and
               | fit that description.
        
               | ShroudedNight wrote:
               | > ...and wanting to shift this burden to professors is
               | unreasonable.
               | 
               | Why is it unreasonable? What level of duty do you
               | perceive course instructors having to achieving positive
               | outcomes for their students? Who is responsible for
               | pushing improvements beyond the trough of the status quo?
        
               | maweki wrote:
               | In Germany we have multiple state-sponsored open-source
               | e-learning platforms that basically all support
               | examinations.
        
           | tchalla wrote:
           | It could also be a good argument to increase funding for
           | professors and education.
        
         | maeln wrote:
         | I teached a C class during coronavirus lockdown in France and I
         | also did something of the sort (having different question per
         | student, mixing their order, etc).
         | 
         | But I think, most importantly, I put a lot of emphasis on group
         | work & home work. This has also its own issues. I like to do
         | group homework because I believe that in the real world, you
         | rarely work alone, and group work allow to have more fun
         | project than what you can do in a 1-2h exam. On the other hand,
         | I know some student hate it because there is always a slacker
         | in every group. And home work is also an issue because not
         | every student has time to work outside of school sadly. I try
         | to give time during the classes for them to work on their
         | homework but it is not all the time possible (limited number of
         | hour for the whole course).
         | 
         | Overall, I hate grading and exams, I consider that my job is
         | teaching, not grading, but this doesn't really work in the real
         | world sadly.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | > I believe that in the real world, you rarely work alone,
           | and
           | 
           | Real world work is nothing like group work. In real world,
           | you can carve part of project on yourself and be judged on
           | that. You can complain about co workers doing nothing. The
           | teamleader deals with interpersonal or productivity issues.
           | 
           | And ultimately, you can leave team or find new job if above
           | dont happen.
           | 
           | > group work allow to have more fun project than what you can
           | do in a 1-2h exam.
           | 
           | Or someone else from the group do the fun parts and will try
           | to offload only boring parts on others.
           | 
           | School group work is less fun then individual, unless you are
           | lucky to work with really good matching people. It has none
           | of the processes and structures that mediates political
           | issues in real work.
        
           | BiteCode_dev wrote:
           | > I know some student hate it because there is always a
           | slacker in every group
           | 
           | My experience is that there is sometimes somebody who is not
           | a slacker, and it's usually the only one doing the work for
           | the entire group.
        
             | mprovost wrote:
             | That's why this is good training for the real world.
        
               | BiteCode_dev wrote:
               | As most things in school, it's an artificial situation
               | that bears no resemblance to the real world.
               | 
               | IRL:
               | 
               | - people has much higher stakes, while in school tanking
               | a class project is no big deal for most slackers. IRL,
               | they can get excluded, isolated, shamed, fired and so on.
               | 
               | - such group would exist rarely in the first place,
               | because institutions filter people;
               | 
               | - if you are in the rare situation it happens, you can
               | get out of it, but you it's very hard to move in the
               | school structure, not to mention out of it.
               | 
               | Anecdotally, I've seen the scenario playing out many
               | times in schools, but rarely in a restaurant, a dev team,
               | a NGO or a sport club. There are productivity
               | differences, sometimes immense, and an occasional
               | slacker, but that's not the same order of magnitude at
               | all.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | I've seen the same school-type dynamic play out in
               | companies amongst people getting paid the sort of numbers
               | that make folks on HN say "most people don't get that,
               | not everybody works at a FAANG."
               | 
               | We (as a species, really) are bad at interviewing lots of
               | people that we don't already know well - just like we're
               | bad at testing academically, surprise! - and we're also
               | bad at coaching/firing/managing them.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Everyone thinks they are that one person. It is hard to be
             | objective when different people are doing different things.
        
               | BiteCode_dev wrote:
               | Nah, it's very easy to be objective when on a 5 pages
               | homework, one write 5, and the others 0. Or if only one
               | person has compiling code on their machine the day before
               | the project. Of if only one person speak on the conf
               | because the others don't have anything to say.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | I've never personally seen that. I've seen cases where
               | one person writes four pages, and one writes one page
               | claiming it was the hardest. I've seen cases where one
               | person writes the code, and one writes the paper about
               | the code. The only case I've seen where one person does
               | all the work the person who does all the work refuses to
               | allow the others to help.
        
         | captainmuon wrote:
         | Especially at universities I don't see the reason for invasive
         | e-proctoring.
         | 
         | When I was studying (physics, early 2000s in Germany), we
         | didn't even have a honor system, we had the assumption that
         | everybody is there to learn something. If you cheat, you harm
         | yourself.
         | 
         | Progress was assessed by weekly excercise sheets where you were
         | _encouraged_ to work together with others, and to learn how to
         | use the library to find solutions. After each semester there
         | would be a test for each course, and you would get a
         | certificate if passed. Attendence to lectures was usually not
         | checked. The tests were  "closed" and watched, but if you were
         | determined you could probably have easily cheated. Anyway
         | regular cheaters would have failed miserably at the latest in
         | the oral exams or the lab courses.
         | 
         | I think a major function of universities is to teach people to
         | be independent and responsible, and if we school-ize them we
         | loose a lot.
        
           | fallingknife wrote:
           | That was Germany in the 2000's. This is the USA in the
           | 2020's. College is a game. They are getting rid of even
           | having tests as a requirement for your application. And the
           | admissions process is openly racist, even though this is
           | directly banned by our constitution (for public
           | universities). But don't mention this, or you will be called
           | racist. You will be required to take "distribution
           | requirements" (courses that have nothing to do with what you
           | are there to study) for up to 2 years of credit hours
           | depending on the school. The reason they do this is because
           | department funding is set by the "asses in seats" formula
           | where each student enrolled in the class is assigned a dollar
           | value to the department. And, if you are an unpopular
           | department, these 300 seat 1 level distribution requirement
           | classes will be the vast majority of your funding.
           | Departments typically squabble with each other about how many
           | classes they get to have on the list. And everybody gets an
           | A. Wouldn't want to have a reputation for being hard, or
           | nobody will enroll in your cash cow class. These are all 1
           | and 2 level courses, which means they are basically high
           | school level, or sometimes not even that. But they are not
           | free like high school! Most people will be deep in debt when
           | they graduate. And there is no way to distinguish yourself.
           | The grades are so inflated that the median GPA is around 3.7
           | / 4.0! So I can't blame anybody for cheating the system that
           | is cheating them.
        
             | titanomachy wrote:
             | > There is no way to distinguish yourself
             | 
             | If you actually learn something in a class, that
             | distinguishes you from many other students.
             | 
             | I agree though, university is not a good system for
             | determining who is capable and deserves the best jobs. It's
             | unfortunate that our society leans on it so much as a
             | sorting hat.
        
           | mannykannot wrote:
           | The notion that higher education is all about self-
           | enlightenment would be more plausible if these institutions
           | did not issue degrees or other certificates and their
           | students would be satisfied with this.
        
           | jordanpg wrote:
           | The real story here is that cheating is rampant, everyone
           | knows it, and that _the universities_ (as opposed to
           | individual professors) are not prepared to do what is
           | necessary to stop it.
           | 
           | I'm speaking, of course, of measures like expulsion. Too much
           | of a hit to the bottom line, too much messy litigation, and
           | too much bad PR.
           | 
           | All of this is another way of making your point, which is
           | that the core mission of universities has drifted away from
           | idealized learning to big business and sports.
           | 
           | I suspect the entire thing needs to be nuked from orbit
           | before it can be rebuilt and I'm happy to see COVID
           | accelerating the process.
        
             | Grimm1 wrote:
             | Idk cheating in the college I was in (Top #30 US
             | Institution) was punished severely. I fondly remember my
             | Data Structures professor, bluntly telling us she'd end our
             | academic careers if we were caught cheating. Fondly because
             | she was a great professor who clearly had no time or
             | patience for that kind of bs. It was school policy for
             | expulsion, and this is a very well known school.
             | 
             | This of course may have changed dramatically in the last
             | two years given the major shift in how we all live but I
             | would suspect that this is more common than you think.
        
               | ticviking wrote:
               | How many people do you know of who failed a class or were
               | expelled for that kind of thing?
               | 
               | Where there ever any rumors of that kind of thing. In a
               | large enough class someone will be tempted to cheat, and
               | if the school is taking decisive action there will be
               | rumors even if they are making great effort to protect
               | the students privacy and make the discipline a learning
               | experience
        
               | Grimm1 wrote:
               | Rumors yes, there were rumors of people getting caught
               | cheating, but I didn't know anyone personally.
               | 
               | The people I knew on a personal basis weren't the kind to
               | do that or really care about it enough to do so and
               | without going into a story about the people I know and
               | how we're all doing well in life you'll have to take my
               | word for it.
        
             | unishark wrote:
             | Universities will definitely expel cheaters, though they
             | may give a couple chances first (with increasingly-worse
             | penalties like failing grade and violation on transcript).
             | One of the things people are complaining about with this
             | software is people claiming to be wrongly punished.
             | 
             | Typically there's a faculty union or senate which
             | negotiates policies with the administration. Individual
             | professors aren't all alone in the fight. Though they may
             | individually choose to give lax punishments or look the
             | other way.
        
             | asdfasgasdgasdg wrote:
             | A sibling was caught cheating in university. This would
             | have been around ten years ago. He wasn't expelled, but he
             | was suspended for the remainder of the semester and failed
             | on all his classes that term. I don't remember if he
             | finished uni late as a result or did makeup work during the
             | summer.
        
               | ev1 wrote:
               | being forced to do an extra semester costing like 50k+
               | results in some very interesting incentives, or lawsuits,
               | when profit is involved..
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | Again, I think the problem is elsewhere. Where I'm
             | from(Poland) cheating is rampant and universities have
             | absolutely no trouble kicking people out over it. Got
             | caught cheating? Good bye, apply again next year. It
             | doesn't lead to litigation or messy PR. Maybe it's because
             | all universities are free to attend so no one can argue
             | that they paid for something they aren't getting - all they
             | are losing is their own time.
        
               | basisword wrote:
               | I went to university a bit later in life. When I was in
               | high school smartphones weren't a thing yet and cheating
               | in exams was difficult and not common. At university
               | cheating seemed rampant and easy. It was easy to spot the
               | potential cheaters but not easy to prove they were
               | cheating so they got away with it. You just go to the
               | bathroom (in a long exam they can't exactly stop you from
               | this) and you have all your notes on your phone. There
               | were people I'm surprised got into the university in the
               | first place getting really good grades because of this.
               | It was frustrating but I'm not sure what universities can
               | do in this case. It seems to me that the "exam" process
               | needs rethought entirely. I'm not sure how it could be
               | changed but it is far too easy to cheat now. Like a lot
               | of things in life too, the dishonest people tend to get
               | away with it and manage to succeed while some portion of
               | the honest people work very hard and struggle.
        
               | mkl wrote:
               | How do you have your phone with you? Stash it in the
               | bathroom? At my university the invigilators make you show
               | what's in your pockets before and after going to the
               | bathroom (which has itself been checked, and which has a
               | log of people and times), and you can't take anything out
               | (e.g. formula sheet to secretly copy somehow-bathroom-
               | stashed notes onto) or bring anything in. Phones are in
               | bags up the front of the room, inaccessible. The kinds of
               | things you're talking about very rarely happens, and
               | consequences include fines and academic penalties.
        
               | atatatat wrote:
               | > The kinds of things you're talking about very rarely
               | happens, and consequences include fines and academic
               | penalties.
               | 
               | You are making assumptions based on your own experiences,
               | and they are incorrect.
               | 
               | You have a lot of faith in for-profit entities.
        
               | ttonelli wrote:
               | Maybe making questions that you have to think about
               | instead of just looking up the answer would help?
        
               | basisword wrote:
               | Depends on the subject. In a long form essay where you
               | need to cite sources or technical details you could make
               | a big difference to your score by quickly looking these
               | up. Nobody can go into the exam blind but they can
               | improve their answers significantly by looking up the
               | details that others have to spend a long time trying to
               | remember. For example in an English exam, direct
               | quotations from literature. Or in a law exam, case names.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | > Or in a law exam, case names.
               | 
               | I want my lawyer to double check the sources. Even if he
               | has the case name memorized, joe vs sally is easy to get
               | confused with joe vs sue (or sally vs joe...), and those
               | details are important to get right, lest I lose the case
               | on a technicality.
               | 
               | There is a time to memorize details, but for the most
               | part I want people who verify before making a statement.
        
               | Fredej wrote:
               | But why should you not be allowed to look them up?
               | 
               | Isn't that just testing for memory rather than
               | comprehension?
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | Beats me. A well designed exam asks one to apply
               | knowledge not to regurgitate it. You should be able to
               | look up any of the supporting information but you also
               | need to be able to organize that information.
               | 
               | All of my BSc Applied Physics exams including the final
               | (Exeter Uni. 1977) were open note and this really helped
               | sort the competent students from those who thought that
               | they were at university to learn facts. The latter
               | brought fifty litre rucksacks full of notes in to the
               | finals and without exception either failed entirely or
               | scraped through to third class honours.
               | 
               | They seemed to have not realized that the faculty would
               | not set questions that could be directly answered by
               | looking up the question in one's notes. The best example
               | was the final quantum mechanics paper which did not
               | contain a single question that had a direct answer in the
               | notes we had taken or the textbooks we had used.
               | 
               | My most recent exam was a C# course and that exam was
               | open book. It wasn't as extreme as my QM final but had
               | basically the same idea: apply what you have learnt.
        
               | LeifCarrotson wrote:
               | It sounds like the root problem is that your exam grade
               | is boosted more by a direct quote or case name more than
               | by your comprehension of the message from the quote or by
               | the case name rather than the precedent established by
               | the case.
               | 
               | It should not matter if you have the exact line "To be or
               | not to be" verbatim if you can explain what Shakespeare
               | tried to convey about suffering and the meaning of life.
               | More importantly, you should be allowed to have the book!
               | You can't expect to jump from confusion to comprehension
               | by reading the whole thing during the exam.
               | 
               | It shouldn't matter if you can regurgitate "Miranda v.
               | Arizona, 1966" or not if you can explain when a person is
               | giving voluntary statements or is under custodial
               | interrogation. Access to the full PACER database wouldn't
               | enable you to understand those distinctions.
               | 
               | And as comes up here all the time, it shouldn't matter in
               | a whiteboard interview whether you have the arguments
               | reversed in your strcmp(), an editor, compiler, or
               | reference (or just running the code) would show you which
               | way it was supposed to be. The important thing is the
               | planning, algorithm tradeoffs, data structures, and
               | debugging process that you used to write the thing. Heck,
               | it shouldn't even matter if you can remember that the
               | function is called 'strcmp'.
               | 
               | Reliance on these factoids usually indicates that the
               | grader is taking the easy way out - scanning for expected
               | quotes, for case names, or compiling the code and seeing
               | if it works or not - rather than gauging comprehension.
               | I'll grant that it is far easier to do the former, but
               | that's not what the goal is supposed to be.
               | 
               | Edit: What can't be allowed is regurgitating someone
               | else's comprehension of the question while having none of
               | your own. If that's a possibility, you need to either ask
               | different questions or have some way to prevent people
               | from accessing that explanation. Remote exams need more
               | of the former and less of the latter.
        
               | unishark wrote:
               | You need to give a range of questions from challenging
               | like that to easy regurgitation to discern their level of
               | understanding and be able to assign them an appropriate
               | grade.
        
               | zo1 wrote:
               | Why do you need a grade at all? Fail, pass, distinction.
               | You either know the answers because you know and
               | understand all the material, or you have no business
               | functioning in that field period.
        
               | hobofan wrote:
               | > Good bye, apply again next year.
               | 
               | Apply again next year? In Germany, a university expulsion
               | usually comes with a lifetime ban on studying the same
               | subject again.
        
               | fouc wrote:
               | in Canada you'd likely be unable to get into ANY
               | university with a note about plagiarism in your records.
        
               | corty wrote:
               | Same in Germany, but universities don't always share
               | records. You are supposed to fill in a form on
               | immatriculation where you state previous universities and
               | why/how you left there, and you will get expelled if you
               | lie on that form. However, if you pass your final exam
               | without getting caught, there is a good chance you'll get
               | away with it.
        
               | blagie wrote:
               | I'm not sure that would fly in the Western world.
               | 
               | Poland has a completely different culture from Western
               | Europe or the US. It's rapidly Westernizing, but it's
               | still a world of difference. I think it's a pity. I
               | prefer Slavic cultures to Western. One of the things
               | which bugs me most is how modern Poland is starting to
               | have the same surface, insincere friendliness as the
               | West.
               | 
               | - EU membership is clearly a net win, but doesn't help
               | preserve Polish culture.
               | 
               | - Many of the cultural differences are not recognized on
               | either side -- people say the same things sometimes, but
               | it takes deep digging to understand that they mean very
               | different things.
               | 
               | - Historically, Poles also looked up to and tried to
               | emulate the West, which is part of the reason the culture
               | is shifting so rapidly.
               | 
               | So the change was rapid, but far from complete.
        
             | Bayart wrote:
             | >Too much of a hit to the bottom line, too much messy
             | litigation, and too much bad PR.
             | 
             | Well, that wouldn't be a problem to the person you're
             | answering to, considering German universities aren't
             | businesses who take people in for capital (both financial
             | and social).
             | 
             | In France it's certainly very easy to get yourself thrown
             | out for cheating or not showing up.
        
           | nicbou wrote:
           | I agree with you, but at the same time, it diminishes the
           | value of a degree, because it no longer certifies that meet
           | certain requirements.
        
             | moron4hire wrote:
             | They already don't certify competence.
        
               | conductr wrote:
               | Which is why employers see undergrad has a filter and not
               | adding value. They either don't hire or even interview
               | without experience or they look to your internships and
               | accomplishments as a more significant qualification
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Assuming everyone is not constantly cheating and the
               | coursework is somewhat relevant and rigorous, surely they
               | signal a higher probability of at least awareness of the
               | subject matter or ability to learn something.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | You're 0-2 on those assumptions, though.
        
               | moron4hire wrote:
               | Seriously. Even assuming those things--I would say the
               | program I went through was very relevant and I don't
               | think cheating happened very often. It was a really small
               | program and everybody got to know everyone else. So while
               | I can't say for certain, I never saw cheating amongst my
               | friends, nor was ever approached to assist in cheating
               | (though I was frequently asked for help in studying).
               | 
               | The problem is, I knew some of the guys who graduated,
               | with extremely low GPAs, who didn't cheat, have the same
               | degree as me, exited with the same student loan debt as
               | me, and can't code their way out of a wet paper bag. I've
               | ran into some of them working retail jobs back in my home
               | town.
               | 
               | It's a _fucking_ travesty. They had to be saddled with a
               | student loan debt load they would have no chance of
               | paying back. I only paid mine back so early because of a
               | lucky break on an insurance claim. I 'd still be paying
               | on them, 20 years later, if I hadn't lost _everything I
               | owned_ in a flood.
               | 
               | Universties talk about how they don't want to be seen as
               | vocational training facilities. Well, they need to admit
               | the reality. Primary education is not preparing people
               | for the work force. We give people a free education for
               | 13 years, and if they want to have economic opportunity,
               | they want to do something more than just manual labor, we
               | can't give them another 2 to 4 years? It's bullshit.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | It's preparing them just as well as primary education +
               | college. It's just that college degrees were more
               | meaningful back when the old people running most
               | companies got them, and employers need a weed out, so we
               | still use it.
        
               | atatatat wrote:
               | > though I was frequently asked for help in studying
               | 
               | Your type of social group is not the one that this
               | behavior happens in.
        
               | moron4hire wrote:
               | I'm saying, I knew _all_ the other students in the
               | computer science program on a first name basis. Most of
               | us even partied together. There were really only about 20
               | or 30 of us. We all knew what each of us were really
               | capable of, and I didn 't see anyone have any
               | unexplainable wins in tests or assignments. The people
               | who were failing just transferred to a different program.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | I have not been in the education system for 15 years, but
               | I would hope it is true for at least the high end schools
               | in the hard sciences.
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | My calculus 3 professor would pass out tests 10-15 minutes
           | early on test days. He'd dump them right on top of your study
           | materials and expect you to push them out of the way if
           | wanted extra time to study.
           | 
           | Applying a panopticon to children to prevent cheating is
           | questionable since it normalizes authorities using
           | electronics to bully people. Applying it to adults at a
           | university is arguably a human rights violation and a failure
           | to write good course materials.
        
             | stjohnswarts wrote:
             | This is the scary part. Teaching students and younger
             | generations that's it's normal and okay to be surveilled
             | 24/7.
        
             | unishark wrote:
             | instead let's teach them that if they cheat, nothing
             | adverse happens.
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | Replace exams with vivas and see how far the cheats can
               | get. At least make a viva voce a large proportion of the
               | final score.
        
               | titanomachy wrote:
               | Probably the best way to evaluate people, I guess it just
               | doesn't scale that well...
        
               | TravisHusky wrote:
               | I have never had an oral exam, but I have always thought
               | it would be great for smaller classes. Basically I would
               | love to have an exam where I sit down with a professor
               | for 30 minutes to an hour and talk about the content and
               | answer questions they ask. I feel like it would be a bit
               | more in-depth while also eliminating the possibility of
               | misunderstanding a mistakenly ambiguous question. I am
               | not sure how realistic that is for a class above about 15
               | students, and also how things like disabilities would be
               | handled, but I'd love to try it.
        
               | swiley wrote:
               | > Basically I would love to have an exam where I sit down
               | with a professor for 30 minutes to an hour and talk about
               | the content and answer questions they ask.
               | 
               | That would have been fun! The only time I did something
               | like this was when I tested out of one of the intro to
               | programming classes. I was one of the last students to
               | talk to the professor that ran it before he left.
        
           | erik_seaberg wrote:
           | When a university grants a degree, they are attesting that
           | the student has demonstrated mastery of the subject matter,
           | because that's important to both employers and postgraduate
           | programs. Without that it's harder to justify paying a
           | university's price, or spending such a large fraction of your
           | adult life there.
        
       | holstvoogd wrote:
       | It took me 5 minutes to figure out what eproctoring is
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | kzrdude wrote:
       | I think this site should use _one sentence_ to explain what
       | Eproctoring means or what it is.
        
       | ShroudedNight wrote:
       | I may not be neurotypical, but surely I'm not the only one having
       | a hard time not parsing the domain name as "Bane Proctoring",
       | which admittedly sounds rather ominous.
        
         | ckastner wrote:
         | I also read it that way.
         | 
         | One would think that after the issues with whorepresents.com
         | and expertsexchange.com (and dozens of other popular examples)
         | from at least a decade ago, people would be somewhat more
         | careful as to how their domain name could be misread.
        
           | mercora wrote:
           | i could not unsee it anymore after it got pointed out to me
           | in "therapists" and sometimes giggle childishly when i
           | encounter it
        
         | drudu wrote:
         | Given that "bane" is a nearly infinitely more common word than
         | "eproctoring" I bet you (and I) are in the majority.
        
         | Hamuko wrote:
         | More people should use dashes in domain names.
        
       | VLM wrote:
       | To amuse a client who did "security by checkbox" everyone needed
       | some entry level comptia certs, even old timers who "wrote the
       | book" back in the old days LOL, so I took some proctored tests
       | live at a testing center recently.
       | 
       | I read a lot of reports of eproctor'd tests being cancelled by
       | rando e-proctors with zero recourse. There are three problems.
       | The first is some of these tests cost hundreds of dollars,
       | although I suppose getting kicked out of uni for cheating would
       | be even more expensive, its just a huge risk to e-proctor
       | compared to the human touch at my local test center. Secondly
       | there is no feedback no oversight and no escalation procedure for
       | most e-proctor systems that I'm aware of, some amazon turk nobody
       | can cancel your test on you for any reason they feel like with
       | zero recourse and you're out all the money and theres absolutely
       | nothing you can do about it. Infinite power with no oversight
       | will be infinitely abused. Thirdly the demands for a sterile test
       | location were kind of a PITA. Honestly its easier to go to a test
       | center than to provably and verifiably remove every book and
       | piece of paper and anything with writing on it, from my office at
       | home. I need to remove the kids from the house as any sight of
       | another person is an instant disqualification and loss of my
       | expensive test fee. I can't take it outside what if my neighbor
       | starts mowing the lawn or it starts raining, instant fail when I
       | leave the camera view. I have to silence every electronics device
       | in the house because any interruption is again another forfeited
       | expensive test.
       | 
       | (edited to add, I remember another complaint about e-proctor that
       | to prevent brain dumps and copying questions out of their "secret
       | test" any mumbling or even facial expressions were considered an
       | autofail according to some online reports of people taking my
       | test. I did the net+ and found it quite easy but sure enough I
       | can't discuss for NDA reasons or whatever but I was eye rolling
       | "you gotta be kidding" about one question and at a testing center
       | locked in a room alone nobody cares when I roll my eyes but that
       | would have cost me $350 if I did e-proctor testing.
       | 
       | also to prevent copying their top secret test they needed proof I
       | had no electronics devices in sight, so it wasn't just removal of
       | all paper products but anything electronic had to be removed from
       | my office/lab it was just ridiculous)
       | 
       | Its just easier and faster and vastly less stressful to get out
       | of the house and test onsite at the nearest Vue facility, which
       | is a school I formerly attended LOL.
        
         | fddddd wrote:
         | from the other comments, it is a pain for honest ppl and a
         | blessing for cheaters.
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | That seems like the kind of situation credit card chargebacks
         | are made for, as their process of discerning cheating is
         | nonsensical. Not that doing so would have helped you get the
         | magic piece of paper, but perhaps you could have assuaged the
         | client with a piece of paper from a different company.
        
       | accurrent wrote:
       | When I was TAing last year we had to proctor the students via
       | zoom (trust me its not fun for anyone). Quite frankly I found
       | different professors approached things in different ways. All the
       | exams were made open book, because its impossible to figure out
       | if people are looking at their notes.
       | 
       | One of the profs decided to make it impossible to cheat by
       | basically making the exam so hard that even the A+ students would
       | have a hard time solving it. This worked well in preventing
       | cheating because for the A+ students to collaborate with others
       | they would need spare time. On the other hand it left lot of
       | students very demoralized.
       | 
       | Some of the other profs came up with question randomization
       | schemes. So the assesment tool would shuffle questions for
       | different students. People were still on discord channels but to
       | not much effect. Of course this required that the professors (or
       | the TAs) were conversant with basic programming skills.
       | 
       | For humanities oriented assessments however, I know most of the
       | profs chose to do things via project work (it's a bit hard to
       | cheat when writing essays. You can't possibly have the same
       | argument as someone else so...)
       | 
       | One thing I can't help but wonder is that I realized when we
       | moved things online we missed out a lot on student interaction.
       | Students were generally far more aggressive for their own grades,
       | often at the cost of other students. Furthermore, I found
       | students were far more ready to abuse the teaching staff than
       | when we were physically there. Conversely, teaching staff was far
       | more strict and stressed out than before. I can't help but wonder
       | if the same courses were conducted face to face whether there
       | would be more kindness all round.
        
         | noodlesUK wrote:
         | > For humanities oriented assessments however, I know most of
         | the profs chose to do things via project work (it's a bit hard
         | to cheat when writing essays...)
         | 
         | This is true of copying and collusion generally, but not of
         | commissioning unique work from an essay mill, which is
         | shockingly prevalent in humanities subjects for this very
         | reason. I am aware of no effective defence against this other
         | than in-person exams or oral vivas. I'm glad I'm not a
         | humanities lecturer right now.
        
         | mkl wrote:
         | I think making the exam really hard is more likely to backfire
         | and push people to cheat. One of the main drivers of cheating
         | is the perception of unfairness. The time limitation is not
         | really an obstacle if you're organised, just divide and conquer
         | doing a subset of the questions each.
        
           | 10000truths wrote:
           | Almost every college and university course I took would curve
           | grades to adjust for difficulty. I've even had professors
           | tell me that top scorers in a test were only expected to get
           | x% of questions correct.
        
             | shagie wrote:
             | I recall calc 2 exam that I had... It was a rather hard
             | exam and I left with a bit of a "meh" feeling to how well I
             | did on it.
             | 
             | The professor handed back the exam the next lecture with
             | the percent on it. I was looking at a 50% on my exam. This
             | was a Tuesday Thursday class (rather than MWF) and so was
             | an hour and a half long. I'm staring at my exam thinking
             | "F, maybe a D, hope I got a C, I'd settle for a D, probably
             | an F... hope I got a C" all through the lecture. Just
             | before the bell rang, the professor wrote the curve on the
             | chalkboard.
             | 
             | * 100 - 75 : A
             | 
             | * 50 - 75 : B
             | 
             | I don't remember any of the rest... I was stuck on "I got a
             | B!" As I left, my TA congratulated me for getting a B.
        
       | alanfranz wrote:
       | Recent gatech OMSCS graduate here. I fail to recognize any real
       | issue with proctoring. I have used proctortrack and honorlock.
       | 
       | * proctoring software can be installed before an exam and
       | uninstalled afterwards. It doesn't need to stay on your
       | pc/browser, and its activation is very obvious. I have no info
       | about permanent security issues caused by such software.
       | 
       | * what proctoring does is mostly recording video and audio
       | (possibly with room scans at the beginning ) and uploading it to
       | a remote server for later verification. Then, such footage is
       | automatically scanned for anomalies. The teacher can then check
       | what happened in flagged content parts and choose what to do. The
       | system does not impose a "cheater" label by itself.
       | 
       | * proctoring systems don't force a closed book approach. I took
       | open book exams where the only enforcement was "be alone and no
       | collaboration with other people during the exam".
       | 
       | It seems that some people are concerned with some very specific
       | details of some implementations, or with shitty teachers that say
       | some people cheated just because they were flagged for whatever
       | reason.
       | 
       | Some things that happened to me and I still passed the exam:
       | 
       | * a coworker accidentally entered the room where I was taking the
       | exam and I had to talk with him to send him away.
       | 
       | * I had to change my position since I had setup my laptop in a
       | way that was unbearable for a many-hours exam, and I briefly
       | exited the webcam view.
       | 
       | I contacted the teachers when this happened and I got no issue at
       | all.
       | 
       | Of course some teachers happened to be silly, at the beginning of
       | the pandemics: I heard things like "no drinking, no eating, no
       | restroom" for 4 hours exams. Blame the people, not the software.
        
         | kevincox wrote:
         | I think the main problem is that these are all malware by
         | definition. They are grabbing all of the data they can get and
         | the users are not the ones who what that. I could install this
         | on a separate user account which should restrict its access to
         | my stuff but it is still a lot to ask. And a lot of these
         | software requires admin access, which is absolutely not ok even
         | for a second on my personal PC. If the school wants to ship me
         | their PC with it installed I have very little complaints other
         | than the biases in the video analysis.
         | 
         | There are other concerns, such as they often only support a few
         | proprietary operating systems, however many programs require
         | these anyways, so that isn't a major step back in most cases.
        
         | poplarstand wrote:
         | Current (almost finished) OMSA student here.
         | 
         | I agree that the tools themselves aren't terrible, but I do
         | believe they're an example of "doing the wrong thing faster".
         | My claim would be that all time-limited exams are bad news.
         | 
         | 1. The strictness and quality of exams varies significantly by
         | instructor (as you mentioned in your post)
         | 
         | 2. Exams aren't representative of any real-world analogue (how
         | often does your boss lock you in a room and tell you to solve
         | the Lagrangian by hand, alone, under a time limit)
         | 
         | 3. They don't actually stop determined cheaters (anyone with
         | the foresight to put up notesheets in their bathroom)
         | 
         | In short, proctored exams do not effectively assess student
         | proficiency in a subject, and do not effectively prevent
         | cheating. Making proctoring more scalable means propogating a
         | bad practice at ever-greater rates.
         | 
         | What I would suggest instead, and what many classes in OMSA
         | have already done, is to leverage project-based assessments.
         | 
         | * Demonstrates learning by actually _using_ the material,
         | instead of hollow repeat-backs
         | 
         | * Encourages further learning since practice entails dealing
         | with real-world complications
         | 
         | * Helps students develop a portfolio so they have more to show
         | at graduation than transcripts
         | 
         | There are many other options though if that particular solution
         | doesn't tickle your fancy.
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | > _proctoring software can be installed before an exam and
         | uninstalled afterwards. It doesn't need to stay on your pc
         | /browser, and its activation is very obvious. I have no info
         | about permanent security issues caused by such software._
         | 
         | The permanent security issue is that violating a security
         | assertion (eg running an untrusted program) on your machine
         | means you can never trust that machine until it gets completely
         | wiped. I'm well past the age where I have to worry about
         | bullshit like eproctoring and my computing environment has
         | become much more deliberate, but even in college I was running
         | Linux as my primary. Reading how it's being normalized that in
         | order to pass a class you're forced to install random spyware
         | on your own machine gives me the willies. This is not what we
         | should be teaching kids for information security practice!
        
           | cesarb wrote:
           | > The permanent security issue is that violating a security
           | assertion (eg running an untrusted program) on your machine
           | means you can never trust that machine until it gets
           | completely wiped.
           | 
           | That hasn't been the case ever since firmware became
           | updatable. Nowadays, even wiping the machine completely is
           | not enough, because the firmware might have been maliciously
           | modified by whatever violated the security boundary. And it
           | might not even be the firmware you'd expect (the SPI chip
           | containing the UEFI); see the recent post here
           | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27740295) about someone
           | who modified his laptop's EC firmware _and_ his laptop 's
           | wireless card firmware, making the first intercept all key
           | presses (the EC is also the keyboard controller) and send
           | them to the second to be broadcast over the radio, completely
           | invisible to both the operating system and the UEFI firmware.
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | I hadn't wanted to go into that level of detail, but you're
             | right to. My own definition of wipe includes reflashing
             | libreboot.
        
               | cesarb wrote:
               | My point was, even reflashing libreboot wouldn't be
               | enough, you'd have to also reflash all the small
               | controllers here and there (hoping you hadn't missed
               | some), and somehow do it in a way each controller cannot
               | lie to you and just pretend it has been reflashed.
        
         | nonameiguess wrote:
         | I was a TA in the first OMSCS cohort. I think the biggest
         | difference between the OMSCS experience and what other people
         | are giving here as anecdotes is Georgia Tech was prepared for
         | this. They created an online program on purpose that was well
         | thought-out and planned in advance. Many universities that did
         | this in the past year, in contrast, were forced into it by the
         | pandemic and scrambling to do whatever they could with no real
         | plan, bad or no policies in place, professors and TAs that were
         | not properly prepared.
         | 
         | Though I actually agree here with the people saying this type
         | of software is usually a rootkit by design and unacceptable for
         | that reason alone. I understand why the school did it, but in
         | my experience, we never caught a person cheating on an exam.
         | Where we caught cheating was in project submissions, and that
         | was often quite blatant with people turning in identical code
         | or code identical to code on the Internet, sometimes even
         | identical comments. No need for malware on student's personal
         | home networks to catch that.
         | 
         | There is somewhat of a fundamental conflict in the structure of
         | the OMSCS courses, though. Personally, I don't think there is
         | much value in even having the exams at all on top of the
         | usually extremely comprehensive practical project assignments,
         | for the terminal masters students. But that's everyone in
         | OMSCS. The exams tend to test your knowledge of prior research,
         | which is mostly valuable for people going on to a PhD
         | afterward.
         | 
         | Of course, some students do that, even if you need to
         | separately apply after completing the terminal masters and
         | can't just move straight into it like the on-campus grad
         | students. So I don't really know the answer, but the structure
         | right now is imposing a heavily research-focused curriculum on
         | students who are overwhelmingly not going into research. And
         | the OMSCS program largely exists because of sponsorship from
         | industry that wanted stronger industry-focused CS education for
         | their own workers from a school more reputable than a plain
         | MOOC with no university behind it.
         | 
         | They do an amazingly good job of best of both worlds right now,
         | but it is a conflict as I think many of the exams are
         | unnecessarily difficult for people who are never going to
         | become researchers. I guess it's the classic Google approach to
         | hiring, though. You end up filtering a bunch of students who
         | may have been perfectly good as programmers, but you're
         | probably never going to let anyone through who wasn't, and that
         | is ultimately more important for maintaining the school's
         | strong reputation in industry.
        
         | mannerheim wrote:
         | > * proctoring software can be installed before an exam and
         | uninstalled afterwards. It doesn't need to stay on your
         | pc/browser, and its activation is very obvious. I have no info
         | about permanent security issues caused by such software.
         | 
         | I wouldn't trust a computer that had spyware installed on it
         | without a full system wipe.
        
         | reayn wrote:
         | 1. The software should've never existed, it's a testimony to
         | the failure of our education system.
         | 
         | 2. You are far luckier than most when it comes to your
         | circumstances, i have seen myself people failing exams for
         | similar mishaps to yours.
        
           | alanfranz wrote:
           | 1. Explain why.
           | 
           | 2. Shitty instructors are not the software's fault.
        
             | reayn wrote:
             | 1. Re-stating what half the comments on this thread are
             | already saying would be a waste of my time.
             | 
             | 2. This has nothing to do with instructors (in my
             | experience instructors have little to no say or
             | participation in the usage of these systems), badly written
             | algorithms will frequently kick students out of tests for
             | non-adverse behavior or failure in facial recognition (once
             | again oft-mentioned in this thread).
        
       | raverpundit wrote:
       | How I am hacking my university exams. - installed a virtual
       | machine - renamed reg keys values to hide drivers name - use vm
       | hardner etc. - on host machine installed charles to get
       | response(html) of the proctor website - wrote a python script
       | that takes in response html and outputs google search result for
       | all the questions at once
       | 
       | I got lucky and University hosted a mock test through which i was
       | able to grab the whole proctor website The proctor software dev.
       | Didn't obscure the JS Found so many vulnerabilities that led me
       | to go full god mode. I can get questions paper 60min before the
       | exam starts.
        
       | zamalek wrote:
       | > discriminate against students with disabilities.
       | 
       | As someone who actually has learning disabilities (ADHD,
       | dyslexia) this definitely isn't universally true. I have yet to
       | complete a degree, but the most progress that I have ever made
       | was in one was almost completely thanks to eproctoring. I had
       | virtually no anxiety because I was in the comfort of my own home,
       | and couldn't over-hear worrying discussions other students were
       | having prior to the exam. It almost a complete 180 from every
       | other examination experience that I've had.
       | 
       | I had a few courses which required on-site (Pearson Vue)
       | examination, and I experienced far more anxiety (by virtue of
       | experiencing _none_ at home).
       | 
       | I can certainly understand how certain (potentially the majority
       | of) disabilities could face discrimination, as described by the
       | linked article, but this is worded as a blanket statement.
       | 
       | > Want to tell Fight for the Future about your eproctoring horror
       | story? We'd like to hear it.
       | 
       | I'd prefer to submit my in-person horror stories. I have more
       | than a decade of them.
        
       | erhk wrote:
       | Amazon requires you show ID and have a camera on for their online
       | peogramming screening.
       | 
       | I chose to not enable my laptop webcam and to instead apply
       | elsewhere, mostly from self respect.
       | 
       | In paying an institute for education i doubt students have a
       | similar luxury. I hope that the EU might enforce privacy similar
       | to the move against cookies. Likewise i would love to see
       | restrictions that prohibit facial recognition in private
       | businesses without consent
        
         | miki123211 wrote:
         | This seems not to be a thing in the EU at all.
         | 
         | At least in Poland where I live, it's pretty much unheard of.
         | Sure, cameras are required once in a while, sometimes you need
         | to show your student ID, but the scary e-proctoring software
         | doesn't exist at all.
        
           | Etheryte wrote:
           | Anecdotal evidence, but I heard TU Delft (in the Netherlands)
           | used e-proctoring software like this in some high level
           | exams. So it might not be that black and white. If anything,
           | I'd wager you mostly just don't hear about it because most
           | students have nearly no leverage in situations like this.
        
             | user_7832 wrote:
             | I'm a TU Delft master's student so I can comment on this.
             | E-proctoring here is highly dependent on your department
             | (also called faculty). I am in the TPM faculty where we
             | don't have any proctoring whatsoever (most of our exams are
             | open book). But I do know from my friend that Aerospace has
             | quite heavy proctoring with closed book exams. Similarly CS
             | too (if I recall correctly) has proctoring.
             | 
             | Additionally, proctoring is unsurprisingly quite unpopular
             | amongst students - for privacy reasons, and also perhaps
             | because of the "assumed guilt". There's a lot of push to
             | completely stop e-proctoring university wide.
             | 
             | Here are some interesting articles from our newsletter, TU
             | Delta, with a lot of relevant information:
             | 
             | 1. https://www.delta.tudelft.nl/article/online-proctoring-
             | i-was... 2. https://www.delta.tudelft.nl/article/why-ae-
             | students-have-so... 3.
             | https://www.delta.tudelft.nl/article/dont-want-online-
             | procto...
        
       | Negitivefrags wrote:
       | I can see why universities want to use a system like this.
       | 
       | A friend of mine is a University lecturer for physics and one of
       | his students gave him an invite to the discord channel where half
       | his students are in there sharing all the answers during the
       | final exam.
       | 
       | He basically told me there is nothing he can do about it.
       | 
       | He talked to the head of department and they basically said if
       | you have proof of specific people cheating then they can escalate
       | it for those people but short of that, nothing can be done.
       | 
       | Not that I'm saying these systems are great either. But I really
       | don't know how exams in the current form can be conducted
       | remotely without endemic cheating.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | Idea taken from real life: Flood the discord channel with
         | misinformation, so people don't know what's real and what
         | isn't.
         | 
         | No, I don't really advocate doing that, but it's what first
         | came to mind.
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | Discord accounts are tied to real identities and the company is
         | pretty aggressive about removing duplicate accounts. It should
         | be possible to ID most of the people in that chat and report
         | them to the administration.
        
           | TheFreim wrote:
           | > Discord accounts are tied to real identities
           | 
           | Since when? My discord account doesn't have my name or phone
           | linked at all, just email.
        
             | swiley wrote:
             | You got grandfathered in then, congrats.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | I think the only alternative to eproctoring is standard in-
         | person exams in a room at the school/university.
         | 
         | We can debate how far eprotoring solutions should reasonably go
         | but really if someone is allowed to take an exam remotely alone
         | there has to be a form a surveillance.
         | 
         | This can include providing an approved, locked laptop with
         | monitoring sofware instead of letting students use their own
         | devices with eproctoring software but that obviously comes with
         | an additional cost.
        
           | elliekelly wrote:
           | We allow students to take exams alone, unsupervised, all the
           | time and we have been doing it just fine for hundreds of
           | years. Have you ever written a paper as a final for a class?
           | Or done a problem set? Or a project? Or even a take home
           | test? No surveillance needed if you structure the format of
           | the final to suit the "testing" environment.
           | 
           | If the answers to your final are easily Googled then you've
           | written a shitty final.
        
             | krull10 wrote:
             | Then you're lucky to have students with a lot of integrity
             | at your college/university. Even with a great unique exam
             | where nothing can be looked up online, this doesn't prevent
             | students from copying each other, posting problems on sites
             | like Chegg and paying for help, or working together...
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | A final paper is different and the concept itself obviously
             | does not lend itself to surveillance, which used to be less
             | important because it is/was less easy to cheat. There are
             | growing problems with this as well because of all the
             | online "help" students may get access to these days.
             | 
             | Allowing students to take exams alone, at home,
             | unsupervised is just a recipe for disaster without
             | surveillance. It's not just Google but any sort of help in
             | the room or remote, which can go all the way to someone
             | else taking the exam. That really simply is the reality. I
             | don't think this is contentious and I am surprised by the
             | debate.
             | 
             | On the other hand, it is of course possible to discuss how
             | far surveillance should go and how perhaps to avoid too
             | much intrusion (as mentioned in my previous comment). That
             | said, with the expensive connectivity people have these
             | days, in addition to all they can think of if the exam
             | takes place at home this is really an arm race situation.
             | 
             | So, again, the alternative is good old in-person, on-site
             | exams, where students are also under surveillance, by the
             | way, but that feels less intrusive because students aren't
             | in their own private space at home.
        
         | christophilus wrote:
         | Spitballing here, but maybe exams need to be reconsidered. What
         | if instead, the professor has a 1:1 conversation with each
         | student, Socrates-style? You'd know pretty quickly whether or
         | not the student was familiar with the material, and if not,
         | where they were weak and needed more focus.
         | 
         | Maybe systematizing everything about education is the wrong
         | approach.
        
           | shagie wrote:
           | I had class where the final exam was indeed a socratic style
           | oral. It was for an ancient philosophy class (300 or 400
           | level - this was well beyond the 101 level) where we had
           | studied Socrates (the dialog was on platonic forms). The exam
           | was a 2:1 and lasted an hour if I recall correctly.
           | 
           | For a class of 30, this took the professor 15 hours (three
           | hours a day over the course of a week) to have all of the
           | students go through the exam process during exam week.
           | 
           | Trying to scale this up for something that can handle ~100
           | students becomes difficult.
           | 
           | Another part with this is the objective vs subjective
           | evaluation of the student.
           | 
           | With the "I got a poor grade because the professor didn't
           | like me" type issues that come up, being able to objectively
           | point to "this is the score on the homework" and "this is the
           | score on the final" allows that subjective grading to be
           | removed and protects the professors from students who feel
           | that the grade they received was influenced by external
           | factors.
           | 
           | While systematizing the verification of material learned may
           | be the wrong approach, it is where we are for a number of
           | factors that the university doesn't have too many options
           | (allegations of professor bias, even if unfounded, still take
           | up a lot of time; class sizes for some classes go beyond what
           | can be reasonably verified on a 1:1 basis)
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | This is exactly it.
             | 
             | It's not scalable, and it's _way_ too open to professor
             | bias.
             | 
             | Except for in some niche seminar classes, it's a non-
             | starter.
        
           | MaxBarraclough wrote:
           | Others have already pointed out that thesis defences and
           | hiring interviews already use this format. I'm not an
           | educator, but I can see some downsides:
           | 
           | * Unless it's recorded, you can't easily get another opinion
           | on how to grade it, except from those at the event
           | 
           | * Some students will naturally be better at interview-style
           | exams, independent of their skill in the relevant material.
           | This is also the case with written exams, of course, but I
           | imagine the 'skilled bullshitter' types might do better in an
           | interview-style exam, and a nervous student might do much
           | worse.
           | 
           | * I imagine it would be tougher on students who don't speak
           | the language natively
           | 
           | * The 'imprecision' of a wandering organic conversation might
           | make it harder for the student to know what to study
           | 
           | * Different students don't get the same exam, which might
           | raise questions of fairness in itself, but it's worsened by
           | that the examiner's mood is likely to change. (With written
           | exams, an examiner can mark all students on the first
           | question before moving on to marking the second question, to
           | protect against this.)
           | 
           | * Physical appearance and deportment might skew the
           | examiner's judgement. (This is widely believed to be an issue
           | with juries, after all.)
           | 
           | * You can't hide the student's identity from the examiner, as
           | a measure against favouritism. With written exams this can,
           | and should, be done
        
           | machinehermiter wrote:
           | The older and more educated I become from free classes online
           | the more ridiculous our education system seems.
           | 
           | I pretty much know if I learned the material or not. A test
           | is nice to confirm this for myself but the way we have put
           | test scores above everything is just ridiculous.
           | 
           | It is all the symptoms of credentialism. Imagine taking the
           | same class for free that you don't get "credit" for. It is
           | not "cheating" then if someone else gives you the answers to
           | things you don't know. It is just a waste of your own time.
           | Why even bother taking the class.
           | 
           | Instead we have people paying tens of thousands of dollars
           | basically to focus on test taking to get credentials that no
           | one really cares about anyway instead of actually becoming
           | more educated.
           | 
           | The irony to me is I always got good grades when I was
           | younger and in school because I have always been a great test
           | taker. I didn't have to "waste" much time actually learning
           | the material. "waste" time actually benefiting from the
           | material.
        
             | solveit wrote:
             | > I pretty much know if I learned the material or not.
             | 
             | Yes, but have you never met someone that was _convinced_
             | they knew the material when they in fact didn 't? They're
             | everywhere! Accurately assessing oneself is a skill that
             | needs to be taught for a lot of people, and an important
             | part of it is by having people fail tests they're not
             | capable of passing.
        
             | eldaisfish wrote:
             | This is a very bad take.
             | 
             | A major component of the university experience is
             | collaboration and networking. Dividing tasks and plugging
             | holes in each other's understanding. Bouncing ideas off
             | other people to test your own understanding and verify
             | against theirs.
             | 
             | Any good university isn't simply about grades and there's a
             | limit to what you can learn online. Credentials exist as a
             | minimum filter, not as a mark of competence. One cannot be
             | tested for an expressed numerically.
        
             | kiba wrote:
             | Testing is a very good reality check on what you think you
             | know. Unfortunately, testing are seen and maligned as only
             | an assessment tool, not a learning tool.
             | 
             | Testing is itself a form of learning, because you are asked
             | to recall facts, concepts, and practice skills.
        
             | unishark wrote:
             | I can't begin to count the number of books I am partway
             | through when left to my own motivation.
             | 
             | Signing up for a class with a hurdle at the end I need to
             | jump over is exactly what I need. Free online classes are
             | like gym memberships, but even cheaper. Most people won't
             | stick to it.
        
           | hugey010 wrote:
           | This is how technical screens are done, as a conversation.
           | Cheating happens, but it's blatantly obvious.
        
           | denton-scratch wrote:
           | It's certain that this Socratic professor has preferences and
           | biases, like everyone else in the world, some of which he
           | will be unaware of. How is he to avoid these biases affecting
           | the conclusion he draws?
        
             | erhk wrote:
             | Who is to say these biases dont already exist in exams?
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Your charizma certainly plays less role.
               | 
               | We had oral exams in university. They are less fair then
               | written ones for sure. For the record, I did well and
               | tendes to know what to say. Could also bluff my way when
               | encountering edge of my knowledge.
               | 
               | And seen a lot of bluffing, appeals to emotion,
               | negotiation for better grades or special advantage. Once
               | I have seen a guy negotiate C all the way to A - and no,
               | no additional questions were asked.
               | 
               | Oral exams are not fair in any way.
        
             | noodlesUK wrote:
             | One way of doing this is to make the viva entirely pass-
             | fail, with a fairly low bar for passing. More of a sanity
             | check to see that a student is generally familiar with the
             | material as taught, and is capable of explaining their
             | answers to questions they've previously solved (or
             | variants)
        
           | unishark wrote:
           | Then it's like a job interview. If the answer doesn't pop
           | into your head the instant after you hear the question you go
           | into panic mode and can't even answer questions you should
           | know.
           | 
           | Though I suppose it would make people a lot better at job
           | interviews if done for every class.
        
             | j605 wrote:
             | I had oral exams in Belgium where usually you are given
             | time to prepare your written work. In the oral, the task
             | then is to expand on your written work and answer questions
             | that probe your understanding a bit deeper than the
             | question itself. The professor might also ask you to
             | hypothesize by changing some assumptions in the questions
             | to check that you actually know the theory and have not
             | regurgitated the book or copied it from someone.
        
           | YakBizzarro wrote:
           | at my university (Italy), exams were typically composed by
           | one or more written session and a final oral exam. In the
           | written one we were asked to solve exercises, no multiple-
           | choices questions. They would last between 30m and 2 hours,
           | depending on the size of the exam. In the oral one, we would
           | also go over the solved exercises and discuss about mistakes
           | and choices. Sometimes, mostly for laboratories, the written
           | one was replaced by an assignment to be done at home,
           | typically in form of a report of the activities.
        
           | amitport wrote:
           | Of course, this, in the rare cases it is applicable. In my
           | current course we have 400 students with 3 Prof. ... So it is
           | not really applicable.
           | 
           | Another thing to note is that undergrades' first job usually
           | depends on having good grades. Some people will get lower
           | grades and those will complain to the point of suing the
           | university into having a more seemingly fair and unbiased
           | process. (Note actually fair, but I'm pretty sure whoever
           | will get a low grade on the Socrates style conversation will
           | be pissed and demand something else. This kind of mentoring
           | only makes sense in the PhD level really, where grades matter
           | less)
        
             | christophilus wrote:
             | I thought of this when posting. Honestly, universities are
             | the educational equivalent of industrial farming. We need a
             | rethink.
             | 
             | When I was in university (some time ago!), it was always
             | the large courses that were easiest to game. They were also
             | generally the subjects I was least interested in.
             | 
             | My small comp sci courses were amazing in contrast. Easily
             | worth the cost of admission. I think the education system
             | would be much improved if we had fewer, but significantly
             | smaller courses.
             | 
             | So, you pay the same price, but instead of 100 courses of
             | massive size, you get 25 courses of small size.
        
               | mkl wrote:
               | Fewer courses that are also smaller? Wouldn't that mean
               | the number of students has to go way down? Paying the
               | same price seems unlikely.
        
           | polytely wrote:
           | I did Communication and Multimedia Design at the Hogeschool
           | van Amsterdam, and they did a lot of stuff like that: having
           | a dialogue with your teacher or exams where you could bring a
           | couple of handwritten notes.
           | 
           | The largest part of the grades came from delivering projects,
           | where you were graded both on result and process (you would
           | present an end-product, and deliver a report documenting the
           | product & the process of creating it). At the start of each
           | project you would get a document explaining what categories
           | the product & presentation would be graded on and what a
           | failing, passing and excellent grade would look like, so you
           | had a clear goal.
           | 
           | I have the feeling the system only works with great teachers
           | (which was the case in 90% of the teacher I had during my 4
           | years).
           | 
           | They would also have feedback rounds after each semester and
           | actually change things based on feedback, applying the design
           | process on the course itself.
           | 
           | It was a really great experience and I would whole-heartedly
           | recommend that program to anyone interested in
           | design/programming.
        
         | MattGaiser wrote:
         | Even for people who have cheated in a very obvious way, nothing
         | is done.
         | 
         | A friend of mine copied an assignment right down to the name
         | and student number as he didn't even bother to read the whole
         | block of code so also copied the comments with the submission
         | information.
         | 
         | He got 100%, but was told not to do it again.
        
           | legutierr wrote:
           | This is in the United States?
        
             | MattGaiser wrote:
             | Canada. Heard plenty of similar stories though for the USA
             | as well.
        
           | consp wrote:
           | Completely anecdotal and not in the US:
           | 
           | My experience as a TA are quite different, though this in in
           | Europe. Especially with the algorithmic courses there was
           | quite a lot of copying since there were multiple TA's and
           | they thought we didn't compare notes. Several of them got
           | reported (you get a mark, two marks is suspension, three is
           | out) and I know of at least one case who got caught again at
           | a different course and was suspended.
           | 
           | For a programming course for first year engineering students
           | we didn't care they copied each others code but just asked
           | students to explain specific parts of the programs they
           | handed in. Those who copied failed mostly instantly and got
           | one retry, and most at least tried to understand what it was
           | about after that. Though copy/pasting and not even changing
           | the student's ID numbers was an instant fail.
        
             | denton-scratch wrote:
             | Another anecdote (Britain):
             | 
             | I was a part-time visiting lecturer in computing, paid by
             | the lesson. Cheating was rife; I often got duplicate
             | submission of coding exercises. Scoring was mainly by
             | coursework, not exams.
             | 
             | I asked my colleagues what to do about it. They said:
             | 
             | 1. You can ignore it.
             | 
             | 2. You can report it; you will be accused of racism (the
             | majority of the class were people with brown skin). You
             | will be required to sit on an exam board for several days
             | during the holiday season, unpaid.
             | 
             | 3. You can explain to them that collaboration is
             | encouraged, but submitting work you didn't do as if it were
             | your own is cheating, and not permitted.
             | 
             | I took option 3.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | That's a very sad state of affairs. I think that's partly
               | due universities having indeed taken the easy and lazy
               | path of making the least waves possible while collecting
               | tuition fees. (2) is also a product of the current
               | climate in society but that's a wider anbd bigger issue.
        
       | fcatalan wrote:
       | We tested a couple eproctoring products last year while we geared
       | up to move every exam online. We disliked them on ethical
       | grounds, but also as ultimately unpractical. I had also a bad
       | feeling about the vendors, there was a strong whiff of "bad used
       | car salesmanship" in the whole interaction. I also felt there was
       | a correlation between the push for these tools and bad or
       | antiquated teaching methods.
       | 
       | Then to our relief the education authorities in our region
       | straight banned the practice so we just drew up a document with
       | various ideas about how to go about online assessment in a humane
       | and reasonable way and we went through thousands of online exams
       | with very few incidents.
        
       | aero-glide2 wrote:
       | Banning e-proctoring is unfair to students who worked hard.
        
         | josephcsible wrote:
         | You don't think students who worked hard deserve privacy?
        
       | hrnnnnnn wrote:
       | I took a course recently and the final exam had this kind of
       | eproctoring setup where I would have to install proprietary
       | software, show the examiner around my room, under my desk and so
       | on.
       | 
       | I did not take the exam.
        
         | op00to wrote:
         | I took a test like this in the bathroom. Real easy to clear the
         | room.
        
         | alanfranz wrote:
         | Was that a curveball? Nobody had told you beforehand?
        
           | 0xffff2 wrote:
           | It's certainly possible. Thankfully I graduated before Turn-
           | it-in was fully mainstream and before online tests were even
           | a thing AFAIK. Nonetheless, I had one professor decide midway
           | through the semester that our final paper would need to be
           | submitted to Turn-it-in. I had to go to office hours, point
           | out that this requirement was not in the syllabus, and that
           | if it was I would not have taken the course, and finally
           | threaten to go complain to the dean. I was incredibly lucky
           | to make it through school without ever having to submit to
           | this kind of BS, but I rather think it's simply impossible
           | today.
        
         | ShroudedNight wrote:
         | > I did not take the exam.
         | 
         | I assume at significant cost?
         | 
         | I feel similarly strongly about my dominion over my own
         | computing devices and the boundaries placed on their intrusion
         | into my environment.
         | 
         | I wonder, at what point should this reasonably be considered
         | equivalent to a religious belief and provided the same sort of
         | protection.
        
           | erhk wrote:
           | Surely you should lease my harddrive space if you believe it
           | is necessary.
           | 
           | I charge $10/megabit/minute as i am an exclusive artisianal
           | cloud. And thats not including badwidth or installation fee.
        
             | erhk wrote:
             | And while we are on the topic my work from home office is
             | 2300/month to lease
        
           | dspillett wrote:
           | _> I feel similarly strongly about my dominion over my own
           | computing devices_
           | 
           | Same here. If I ever need to take remote exams like described
           | I'll get a cheap laptop, or something like a Pi attached to a
           | TV/monitor, and take the exam on that. They can have me
           | install anything they like, it will be on a guest wireless
           | network that can't cross to the rest of the local network,
           | will be freshly installed with an account that is not one of
           | my primaries, and will be wiped down when the exams are done.
           | In fact I have an old slow laptop that would do, assuming it
           | still works.
           | 
           | Of course, not everyone has the luxury of being financially
           | and technically able to do that.
           | 
           | I'm the same with work. If work wants specific control on the
           | devices I use, then they need to provide devices instead of
           | taking control of my personal ones. I did install the comms
           | software on an old phone in 2020 but if the ability to
           | remote-wipe this granted is ever used (accidentally or
           | purposefully) I'll lose nothing but my "get up for work"
           | alarm as that is the only other thing on the device. If I
           | work from home it is via RDC over VPN to my machine at the
           | office - if there becomes a requirement for more control of
           | the machine I'm VPN+RDCing from then either they provide a
           | machine they control or I stop being able to work out of
           | hours (not a problem for me!) or work from home should that
           | be convenient/required (which isn't often, other than during
           | lockdowns over the last 18 months).
           | 
           | I don't have an adversarial relationship with work (which
           | might be implied by the above paragraph), at least not as far
           | as I can tell, but I find it better for my mental health (and
           | my work, I think, though that is the secondary concern from
           | my PoV) to silo my work and personal life somewhat. I can see
           | a day when extra requirements will turn up, as we work with
           | clients in strongly regulated industries and many of them are
           | actively tightening their internal controls and making
           | increasing demands on their suppliers (including us) to do
           | the same.
           | 
           |  _> and the boundaries placed on their intrusion into my
           | environment._
           | 
           | That you can do less about in many cases, though again I'd
           | have options. I only have a two-bedroom flat, but the little
           | bedroom is used as a training room, so I could setup a chair
           | and something as a desk in there. All they'll see in the tour
           | of the room is the treadmill, weights, mats, and related bits
           | & bobs.
           | 
           | Again, many do not have the luxury of this option.
        
             | mkl wrote:
             | An old laptop is the way to go, as long as its networking
             | is good. A Raspberry Pi is unlikely to be supported; these
             | programs usually only support Windows and macOS (and
             | possibly ipadOS or Android). A virtual machine is not an
             | option either, as it will be detected and the program will
             | refuse to run.
        
       | jackvalentine wrote:
       | My institution is currently undergoing a review of our assessment
       | policy and I am participating as a stakeholder.
       | 
       | Nobody, academic or otherwise, wants to use e-proctoring ongoing.
       | It was a kludge for sudden covid in 2020 but ongoing use will be
       | restricted by policy to where it is used to accommodate a
       | student's need for an alternative assessment arrangement.
        
       | heisenbit wrote:
       | People who have to cheat to get through university and succeed
       | doing so have cheating skills to succeed without having to invest
       | the time and money for a degree.
       | 
       | People who would pass but cheat anyways because they believe
       | grades matter are stupid enough that they will fail in any job.
       | 
       | We are all poorer for the importance we assign to grades and the
       | resulting design for testability of education
       | 
       | Anyone here giving anything on grades when hiring? I know I never
       | did.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | _Anyone here giving anything on grades when hiring? I know I
         | never did._
         | 
         | For a new graduate with little other experience, I'd look at
         | it. But, on the list of things that really mattered, it was
         | near the bottom - at most, a "low" GPA would trigger me to ask
         | more basic tech questions than I might normally.
         | 
         | For anybody with career experience, I don't care.
        
       | LysPJ wrote:
       | For anyone unfamiliar with the term (like me!), Wikipedia says
       | Eproctoring is:
       | 
       | [...] a form of exam proctoring which involves monitoring student
       | behaviour during exams administered electronically [...]
        
         | deadfish wrote:
         | Massive failure to not have "What is Eproctoring" as the first
         | section of the page.
        
           | vultour wrote:
           | I had no idea what it was, but reading the first few
           | paragraphs makes it quite obvious.
        
           | dspillett wrote:
           | I assume the target audience would all know the term, and
           | others could work it with a little deduction or Googling.
           | 
           | Though it is a bit US centric I think. Here in the UK what I
           | think is referred to as a proctor would instead be called an
           | invigilator. Though again, unless the target audience is
           | international, that probably does not matter.
        
             | noodlesUK wrote:
             | I would add as an aside that the invigilated exam halls you
             | likely remember from your British education don't really
             | exist in most US universities. Final exams are generally
             | administered by the lecturers themselves rather than
             | independent invigilators, and there's (generally) less
             | emphasis on having a standardised process from one course
             | to another.
        
               | onorton wrote:
               | Funny, at my UK university for Computer Science we did
               | not have independently invigilated exams. I would assume
               | other courses were similar. We did have them for
               | secondary education though.
        
               | dspillett wrote:
               | At York we certainly piled into Central Hall or other
               | large locations for exams, often multiple in the same
               | room not all Computer Science at the same time. Though
               | this was more than two decades ago so a lot may have
               | changed.
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | I was recently sponsored by my employer to do a professional
       | certification which involved an online e-proctored exam. I was
       | asked to install the e-proctoring software on my personal
       | computer, because corporate security policy does not allow
       | unvetted 3rd party software onto company devices. I told my
       | employer that's my policy too, and that I would need to be
       | supplied with a separate laptop if they wanted me to take the
       | exam. They did.
       | 
       | I think if universities want to mandate use of e-proctoring
       | software, they need to provide temporary/burner devices too.
        
       | poplarstand wrote:
       | Imagine a business that sells deliverable medical testing kits.
       | This business is the best at what they do; they sell more kits
       | than any other organization, they cost less, they're delivered
       | faster, and are superior in any way, shape, KPI, or form
       | imaginable to traditional alternatives. The only issue being that
       | each kit is in fact a bloodletting kit, and their intended use is
       | to inform you which of your four humours is out of balance.
       | 
       | I'm of the opinion that e-proctoring, whatever its privacy
       | concerns, is fundamentally an exercise in "doing the wrong thing
       | faster". Our exams are a poor reflection of student ability. Our
       | exams have no bearing on actual proficiency in the subject
       | matter. Our exams are ineffectual at catching cheaters. Leaving
       | aside any discussion of privacy, e-proctoring (and traditional
       | proctoring) fails to accomplish its fundamental goals.
       | 
       | To automate these exams, to make them ever-more scalable and
       | easier to distribute, is not a victory. We've merely perpetuated
       | a flawed system.
       | 
       | If we want a meaningful assessment of student ability then we
       | need to use better methods. Dethrone exams from our curriculum.
       | Leverage project-based assessments. Use oral exams where
       | feasible. Replace the infinitely looping lecture halls with
       | recorded videos and open-source textbooks. Use the recovered
       | instructor time for something meaningful. This is not a Gordian
       | knot. It can be solved with a little courage and a little
       | pragmatism.
        
       | bitL wrote:
       | Algo for teachers affected by cheating:
       | 
       | 1) make questions brutal and unique (compared to previous year or
       | current groups) if possible
       | 
       | 2) make everything open-book
       | 
       | 3) set a tough time limit
       | 
       | 4) curve the results to a desired grade distribution (that is
       | often imposed from above anyway)
       | 
       | 5) use software that can the catch most obvious frauds (i.e. 360
       | degree room scanning, ban use of phones/second computers etc.)
       | 
       | 6) if the exam requires algos, use software analyzing AST of the
       | code produced to catch possible "cooperation", then decide on
       | those cases individually (i.e. if an algo is common, then there
       | is a high chance of very similar AST for non-cooperating people,
       | but if it's unique, the chance is low)
        
         | noodlesUK wrote:
         | I'm not sure about curving the grades. It creates a level of
         | adversarial competition between students that I don't think is
         | healthy in an academic environment. Sometimes it can be
         | necessary, but it's not fair to punish people for having better
         | peers than last year.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | In most cases, at least for medium and large courses (over
           | 30) the curve is calibrating the exam contents more than the
           | peer group.
        
             | noodlesUK wrote:
             | I agree with you on that point, especially with extremely
             | large sample sizes (think national exams like SATs or
             | A-Levels).
             | 
             | My point is more that universities (in my opinion) should
             | hope to foster a cooperative rather than ruthlessly
             | competitive learning environment, and students know that
             | curves mean that there's effectively a quota of good grades
             | available, and they're competing with their friends for
             | them. I feel this massively impacts peer learning dynamics.
        
         | wizzwizz4 wrote:
         | > _i.e. 360 degree room scanning_
         | 
         | Tape a smartphone to the laptop screen. Out of view of the
         | webcam at all times. (This isn't hard.) Such room scanning is
         | harmful, and doesn't prevent cheating.
        
           | op00to wrote:
           | The tests I've taken (amateur radio, tech certs) require a
           | second device to show the rest of the first device.
        
             | bitL wrote:
             | Some tests I've taken required a 360-degree scan first
             | including under-the-desk walk (to show no cheat sheets were
             | glued anywhere) and then required a second device with a
             | side-view of the desk I was sitting at. When I was taking
             | an ETS test for a Stanford admission, they just required
             | 360 room scan and the test itself only with a laptop
             | camera.
        
         | ShroudedNight wrote:
         | Do you have personal experience finding success with #6? My
         | limited experience with detecting code plagiarism has been that
         | detecting re-use that has been non-trivially obfuscated is a
         | rather difficult problem.
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | One of the Top 10 CS universities I studied at had some
           | system for that, obviously it couldn't catch somebody who was
           | a good programmer and could reshuffle AST with properly
           | renamed variables. But it was still helpful for less-gifted
           | students who cheated. Typically teachers had to set a
           | threshold of similarity for their given assignments over
           | which it was automatically reporting student names. The
           | software scrapped GitHub as well.
        
           | anonymousDan wrote:
           | For me what tends to happen is it becomes easy to catch the
           | weaker students students who are cheating, since they often
           | make weird/unusual mistakes that would be unlikely to occur
           | in the same way (e.g. weird misspellings of certain
           | keywords/variables).
        
       | rednerrus wrote:
       | Honest question: Who cares if people are cheating? It's not like
       | I can't call my friend when I have a question at work.
        
         | aeorgnoieang wrote:
         | I'd imagine your friend(s) would care if you called them with
         | questions frequently enough!
        
       | tristor wrote:
       | When I was in college, cheating was already rampant. I ended up
       | dropping out the semester prior to graduation, despite performing
       | well, because I just couldn't muster the desire to continue. Part
       | of that was because of seeing how many people around me were
       | blatantly and consistently cheating compared to the work I put
       | in.
       | 
       | Without the credential it's definitely created some challenges in
       | my career, but I took the far more valuable /education/ with me
       | into my career and have been very successful overall. When I look
       | up most of my former classmates, they have not achieved near my
       | level of success, partly because they failed to learn due to
       | their rampant cheating. They may have received the credential,
       | but they failed to learn anything they could take forward in life
       | with them.
       | 
       | I'm of two minds on this. I think that rampant cheating greatly
       | undermines student morale for those students that don't cheat,
       | but on the other hand it doesn't really matter because in the
       | long-run it cheats the student who's cheating, not the class. The
       | piece of paper at the end doesn't matter.
       | 
       | All that aside, the way e-proctoring is done now, and new
       | "advancements" with facial recognition being added into it, is
       | horrifyingly privacy invading and often done in a way which is
       | effectively malicious software being forced to be installed on a
       | student's personal equipment. As a strong advocate for privacy
       | and security, I cannot be anything but opposed to the way things
       | are going. When I do remote proctored certification exams for
       | continuing education, I've always preferenced taking them in a
       | testing center kiosk specifically so I don't need any such
       | software installed on my own computer systems.
        
         | zelphirkalt wrote:
         | Thank you for standing up for what you thought is the right
         | thing to do. Takes character to swim against the stream and not
         | simply falling back to group behavior.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | masondunn wrote:
       | Snowflakes... "Youth were never more sawcie, yea never more
       | savagely saucie . . . the ancient are scorned, the honourable are
       | contemned, the magistrate is not dreaded."
        
       | JasonFruit wrote:
       | One problem here is analogous to the separation of powers in
       | government: education and testing are separate powers, and
       | shouldn't be exercised by the same body. Educators ought to be
       | doing everything they can to help students gain understanding,
       | and such evaluation as is necessary for them to guide that
       | process ought to be consequence-free, except to alert the
       | educator to what next step is needed. Doing otherwise creates a
       | needlessly antagonistic relationship between teacher and student,
       | and causes all sorts of unhelpful incentives in both parties.
       | 
       | Evaluation of the success of that education, on individual and
       | institutional levels, ought to be done by people not involved in
       | the process of education. Such testing should be infrequent
       | enough that live, in-person proctoring would be no burden. There
       | is no reason for high-stakes evaluation to be a constant feature
       | of education.
       | 
       | I don't think that'll happen anytime soon, but it seems like the
       | right approach, to me.
        
         | jjeaff wrote:
         | This is an interesting point. Testing and professors and their
         | curriculum were always so intertwined in my college days that I
         | never even considered a "separation of powers" but it makes
         | sense.
        
         | edtechdev wrote:
         | This is how Western Governors University works - they have
         | separate instructors and evaluators. Not sure how well it works
         | in practice, however. I have read a few complaints.
        
       | stuartbman wrote:
       | Medical students in the UK were forced into incontinence for
       | their exams due to proctoring failures. The same has also been
       | happening with doctors doing their postgraduate exams.
        
       | news_user wrote:
       | Related: Bengaluru (India), Student alleges invigilator addressed
       | her as 'baby', sparks row.
       | 
       | https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/bengaluru...
        
         | quenix wrote:
         | Not related, really.
        
           | insomniacity wrote:
           | I think it's related because eproctoring often forces people
           | to electronically invite strangers into their homes and show
           | them round.
           | 
           | Creeps are going to creep, but it's legitimate to want to
           | reduce the number of avenues they can do that.
        
       | imwillofficial wrote:
       | On the linked site it calls the eproctoring algorithms that have
       | difficulty with dark skin tones "racist" I think it's foolish to
       | ascribe human belief systems to computer vision frameworks.
       | Instead you could describe them as "buggy" or "missing critical
       | features that make it unusable"
       | 
       | But no, the article linked on baneproctoring.com is instead
       | saying something more along the lines of "eproctoring hates black
       | people" This isn't helpful.
        
       | dna_polymerase wrote:
       | > A federally-funded study found that even the best facial
       | recognition algorithms fail to work on Black and brown people,
       | trans and non-binary people, as well as children and women in
       | general.
       | 
       | I assume it is black and brown trans and non-binary people. I
       | don't see an algorithm fail because someone identifies as
       | anything. However, why even mention it here, in this context? It
       | makes the people behind this sound ridiculous.
       | 
       | Aside from the technical difficulties with image recognition on
       | BPoC which make this sort of tech a non-starter, I think
       | universities and schools need to (finally) find a way to assess
       | people that does not involve anything that can be cheated by
       | having a book open next do the computer. Projects and papers and
       | weekly problem sets to solve are a way better way to assess
       | people.
        
         | jarcane wrote:
         | Recognition algorithms often make assumptions about the way
         | people "should" be shaped according to their recorded gender or
         | the way the machine attempts to "guess" said gender, and a
         | clash in expectations gets flagged and generates false
         | negatives because things aren't in the "right" places it thinks
         | they should be.
         | 
         | For a really simple example if this problem, the TSA body
         | scanner machines flag on trans people constantly. It detects as
         | an "unknown mass" if gendered body parts (ie. breasts/genitals)
         | don't match its binary expectations for what gender is marked
         | on their passport. Often they get it coming and going: a trans
         | femme still marked M will get flagged for having breasts, but
         | if they've changed it to F, they get flagged for their genitals
         | instead.
         | 
         | Now you get a full grope patdown from a suspicious TSA officer,
         | because a machine was coded to make binary assumptions about
         | bodies.
        
           | AussieWog93 wrote:
           | >Now you get a full grope patdown from a suspicious TSA
           | officer, because a machine was coded to make binary
           | assumptions about bodies.
           | 
           | No, you get a full grope patdown from a TSA officer because
           | the United States' reaction to 9/11 was disproportionate and
           | insane.
           | 
           | In no other free nation on Earth* would a machine detecting a
           | suspicious, dick-shaped lump where your vagina should be
           | cause an airport security agent to want to sexually assault
           | you.
           | 
           | *Yes, I'm sure there are a few, and I'm sure someone will
           | respond to my comment with at least one of them.
        
           | goatxi wrote:
           | It just means that the body scanner is programmed to
           | recognize biological realities (that transwomen are men
           | presenting as women, and transmen are women presenting as
           | men), rather than questionable self-beliefs.
        
           | donkarma wrote:
           | So we put sex on passports? What is the issue?
        
             | goatxi wrote:
             | One problem is that in some countries (such as the UK), you
             | can legally change your birth certificate to have it record
             | your supposed 'gender identity' in the sex field instead.
             | Your actual sex is erased.
        
             | wizzwizz4 wrote:
             | > _Often they get it coming and going: a trans femme still
             | marked M will get flagged for having breasts, but if they
             | 've changed it to F, they get flagged for their genitals
             | instead._
             | 
             | An F sex marker isn't going to stop this happening.
        
           | nyanpasu64 wrote:
           | Is there a source or explanation for how a proctoring service
           | running on a computer webcam (not a body scanner) would flag
           | students because their outward appearance doesn't conform
           | well to a particular gender distribution? I didn't see any
           | links in the article.
        
         | goatxi wrote:
         | Reminds me of that AI model for sex classification that would -
         | quite accurately - recognize trans people as their birth sex
         | rather than their 'gender identity'.
         | 
         | People were complaining that it was transphobic or whatever,
         | but it was just saying what it saw. Like what most of us see,
         | even if we politely acquiesce to the fantasy.
        
         | MattGaiser wrote:
         | It isn't so much a book that is a problem. It is divide and
         | conquer by groups of students.
        
         | spoonjim wrote:
         | Everyone wants a tie-in to the hot button issue of the day. You
         | don't need to get black trans kids involved to point out all of
         | the flaws in Eproctoring.
        
           | wizzwizz4 wrote:
           | To point out _enough_ flaws to disqualify e-proctoring, no.
           | To point out all of them, yes.
        
         | fcatalan wrote:
         | In our initial trials involving about 5 people the software
         | systematically failed to recognise one woman just because her
         | (pretty standard) hairstyle. It also failed to detect my kids
         | coming up on camera a few times.
        
           | dna_polymerase wrote:
           | Sounds like these solutions are just outright garbage. I
           | wonder if ML/CV will ever work outside of GAFAM.
        
       | RegBarclay wrote:
       | There are basic technical hurdles for a lot of users too. My wife
       | recently took a professional certification exam at home. She is
       | an RN. We had to borrow my son's desktop gaming system, set it up
       | in the kitchen, and jump some technical hoops (buy an external
       | web cam) to meet the proctoring requirements. My wife probably
       | couldn't have done it without my technical help and it was more
       | stressful for her than going to a testing center.
        
       | TravisHusky wrote:
       | Just to throw it out there, I graduated during the pandemic, and
       | it was so frustrating not only the amount of cheating that
       | occurred, which meant that if you didn't cheat you fell behind;
       | but also how professors responded. I had a few professors who
       | made exams ridiculously hard with strict time limits, just
       | because they expected people to cheat. So the exams were designed
       | in a way they cheating was the only way to get through it, which
       | just encouraged more people to cheat. Not to say every person
       | cheated, or every professor designed tests to be harder, but both
       | groups were larger than you'd expect.
       | 
       | The good news is I think that with classes being in person again
       | things will go relatively back to normal. Honestly I don't think
       | I can fault students who cheated during the pandemic, it was just
       | so abnormal that most people did whatever they had to to cope.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | I graduated in 2000, and cheating was rampant if you knew where
         | to look.
         | 
         | One variety was legal - you'd have a doctors note to get a
         | reasonable accommodation for ADD. In the 90s, it was pretty
         | trivial to do that. Once you had that, you were taking tests in
         | a facility that made cheating very easy (open book) if you were
         | motivated.
        
         | ridiculous_leke wrote:
         | > Honestly I don't think I can fault students who cheated
         | during the pandemic, it was just so abnormal that most people
         | did whatever they had to to cope.
         | 
         | I beg to differ. Saying that dishonesty is acceptable in
         | certain scenarios will only motivate them to further partake in
         | bad acts. In extreme cases, the child will end up as a
         | criminal.
        
           | johnnyanmac wrote:
           | "In extreme cases, the child will end up as a criminal."
           | 
           | these are university students pressured to have high grades
           | for internships/first jobs, not some impressionable
           | elementary schooler. Thinking way too obtusely for this to be
           | a factor and compare this to some middle schooler getting
           | into drugs.
        
         | cowpig wrote:
         | I had an experience like this in Numerical Methods in
         | university years ago.
         | 
         | The exams were incredibly difficult for bad reasons: you had to
         | calculate many iterations of an algorithm by hand. You also had
         | to memorize a bunch of algorithms (rather than understanding
         | how they worked or how to modify them to solve different
         | problems).
         | 
         | The professor also had a "can't do anything about it" attitude,
         | and so the entire class was blatantly cheating as a result, and
         | I got the worst grade of my academic career.
         | 
         | It sort of broke the camel's back for me; I consider our
         | current approach to academics to be fundamentally broken.
         | 
         | It's harder to design exams where people cannot cheat, but it's
         | certainly possible. Randomize the orders of questions on the
         | test. Have multiple versions the same question (e.g. in a math
         | exam, change a 2 to a 4, or a sin to a cos). Now you have
         | unique exams for each student.
         | 
         | Most importantly, design questions that require critical
         | thinking, and allow everyone to use their
         | computers/books/notes/whatever. That's far more representative
         | of real life anyway.
         | 
         | These simple changes would both make cheating very difficult,
         | and result in better learning: memorizing a bunch of crap the
         | day before an exam will have basically no impact in my life.
         | Learning how to reason critically about the subject matter will
         | give me lasting benefits, even if that subject never comes up
         | again.
         | 
         | This ProctorU stuff is just quadrupling down on a fundamentally
         | broken approach and making it much worse.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | You must not have seen a modern home cheating rig. The
           | student read/scrolls through the entire test to read each
           | question, as is recommended. A small camera that sees the
           | screen transmits the questions to a team in another room.
           | Each team member works on one question at a time. A single
           | person then communicates the prepared answers back to the
           | test taker via an earpiece, one small enough that it isn't
           | detectable on the camera. Such a rig costs a few hundred
           | dollars at most.
           | 
           | Another common trick: looking at your keyboard isn't
           | cheating. Any small display secreted on your keyboard will go
           | unnoticed. You will just look like you aren't a great typist,
           | someone who needs to look at the keys.
           | 
           | Want to go real hardcore? Cut into your laptop and send the
           | screen/keyboard/mouse signals to a different monitor. Then
           | you can have an actor sit in front of the webcam pretending
           | to take the test. I doubt they are correlating keypress
           | sounds to characters appearing on the screen... yet. As any
           | security expert would tell you: if the attacker has
           | unfettered access to your hardware then all bets are off.
        
             | SiempreViernes wrote:
             | How much does the team cost?
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | That would depend on the level of expertise you need. To
               | pass a highschool calc exam, probably less than 100$. To
               | have someone sit the LSAT for you in person, probably in
               | the low five figures. I've never been involved with
               | people actually being paid for such things but they do
               | happen. Huffman allegedly paid $15,000 to get her
               | daughter unlimited time on the SAT. Paying to have
               | someone actually stand in would have certainly cost more.
        
               | pjbeam wrote:
               | This is one of those situations in which it pays to have
               | likeminded friends.
        
           | SiempreViernes wrote:
           | Fundamentally, what you are complaining about is teaching
           | being under resourced: making lots of variations of questions
           | obviously takes more effort both to create and to score so
           | that's why it's not done. Making questions that require
           | critical thinking is very hard because you need a _very_ good
           | understanding of the students mind to test the correct thing,
           | so it 's usually not done.
        
           | kiba wrote:
           | Have you considered that memorization is a good thing?
           | 
           | I memorized a lot of information, but I still search just as
           | often on google and stackoverflow whenever I needed to check
           | something.
           | 
           | It also help that I don't try to memorize a bunch of a crap
           | before an exam.
        
           | jdmichal wrote:
           | My AP calculus teacher allowed us to use calculators on our
           | tests. Why? Because he knew _exactly_ how to design questions
           | such that the calculator would switch from exact to
           | approximation mode. So you could enter any problem on the
           | test into the calculator, and all it would spit out is a
           | useless answer with as many decimal places as it could
           | handle. Of course the calculator worked fine on every
           | homework question. But you better have still learned the
           | material if you wanted to make it through the test.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | Calculators are generally useless in Calculus. Or at least
             | they should be. Calculus is a process, and normally you are
             | graded on that process, not on the answer.
             | 
             | We were allowed calculators too, but the problems were
             | designed that anyone even mildly good at mental math didn't
             | need them. In theory you could teach all of calculus
             | without ever even using numbers (perhaps except 0).
        
               | cbsks wrote:
               | It's been a while since I took calculus, but I seem to
               | remember that a TI-89 calculator could show its steps
               | when solving a problem.
        
               | voxic11 wrote:
               | Yeah I also had a TI-89 and you could directly type in
               | most calc problem and get a great step by step answer.
               | The symbolic solver on that thing was great.
        
               | astura wrote:
               | >Calculators are generally useless in Calculus. Or at
               | least they should be. Calculus is a process, and normally
               | you are graded on that process, not on the answer.
               | 
               | Yes.
               | 
               | It's been so long since I took calculus but that's the
               | reason why we weren't allowed calculators in my Calculus
               | class. All the formulas needed for the test were also
               | provided (as we weren't being graded on our memorization
               | skills either)
               | 
               | My professor also said don't bother doing simple
               | arithmetic just to simplify an answer - leave it at 12/56
               | or whatever.
               | 
               | Turns out, it was a really, really great system.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | > Calculators are generally useless in Calculus. Or at
               | least they should be.
               | 
               | Mathematica, on the other hand...
        
               | Teknoman117 wrote:
               | Wolfram Alpha and Mathematica got me through Calculus. I
               | paid for an account because I absolutely loved the "show
               | step by step process" feature so you could actually learn
               | how and why you were getting various results.
        
               | shadilay wrote:
               | In calculus a calculator can often give you the answer
               | but you only get credit for showing the steps which the
               | calculator can't help you with.
        
               | charcircuit wrote:
               | Just get or a program a calculator that shows steps then.
        
               | titanomachy wrote:
               | I think you need more numbers than that. At least 1, pi,
               | and e. Definitely don't need any numbers bigger than 4.
        
             | sonograph wrote:
             | I don't follow. Do you mean to say that the calculator
             | would produce .333333333 repeating but the student was
             | expected to write 1/3 ?
        
               | VLM wrote:
               | Those reciprocals are too small.
               | 
               | Lets see if the kids know how to multiply fractions:
               | 
               | factorial(256) times ( 1 divided by factorial(256) )
               | equals ?
               | 
               | And yes, there will unfortunately be kids trying to brute
               | force it by typing it in instead of cancelling the
               | factorial(256).
        
               | voxic11 wrote:
               | The TI-89 comes with a excellent symbolic solver that can
               | do solve this or any calc problem and give the proper
               | symbolic result. It can even do things like equation
               | simplification and give the results in terms of the
               | variables. Looks like this https://imgur.com/a/FmdCyYU
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | azalemeth wrote:
               | I suspect think more along the lines of spitting out a
               | numerical answer instead of sqrt(pi) when fed with
               | \int_-\infty^\infty exp(-x^2) dx...
        
           | xg15 wrote:
           | I think professors should ask themselves if their exam would
           | make a good CAPTCHA. If a machine could solve the exam easier
           | than a human, it's a bad exam.
        
             | someguyorother wrote:
             | Calculus captchas do exist, which I guess proves the point!
             | 
             | https://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2011/03/09/a-complicated-
             | ca...
        
             | skeeter2020 wrote:
             | "circle all pictures that represent sqrt(pi)"
        
         | deregulateMed wrote:
         | In engineering school, our professors wanted to treat things
         | like the real world (as much as you could during test time).
         | 
         | Their solution was to let us use whatever we wanted except
         | other students. Cellphones, textbooks, laptop, Internet.
         | 
         | You had 2 hours to answer 2 or 3 questions, it was definitely
         | reasonable if you studied... But the questions were insane.
         | 
         | You know how homework would be assigned 1-50 odds? These were
         | like the problems 74 and 76, 1/4 page long and difficult,
         | multiple parts.
         | 
         | That seems as similar as engineering school got to the real
         | would outside our sophomore and senior design projects.
        
         | zelphirkalt wrote:
         | > Honestly I don't think I can fault students who cheated
         | during the pandemic, it was just so abnormal that most people
         | did whatever they had to to cope.
         | 
         | Cheating is never OK. Look what that lead to. A few bad apples
         | ruined it for the other students. People have to learn, that
         | their behavior in such a setting does not only affect
         | themselves. In this case it very negatively impacted everyone
         | studying with them.
        
           | johnnyanmac wrote:
           | >People have to learn, that their behavior in such a setting
           | does not only affect themselves
           | 
           | at some point it's like defensive driving. Sure, they are at
           | fault and an idiot, but for the sake of your own safety you
           | shouldn't "stick to your morals" or just "hope they get
           | theirs". Look out for yourself, because for some people
           | that's the only person that will do it.
           | 
           | With that lens, yes. I don't blame people who need to do what
           | they do for one day in some artificial environment so they
           | aren't impacted in their transition to real world work where
           | they are otherwise moral.
        
           | gopher_space wrote:
           | Why are we constantly surprised when people focus on the only
           | metrics they're judged by?
        
         | fddddd wrote:
         | i still cannot understand why american (i am assuming)
         | education is based on competition and ranking students.
         | 
         | almost like the point is NOT education at all.
         | 
         | your comment makes no sense in my universe. Thankfully.
        
         | ModernMech wrote:
         | > I had a few professors who made exams ridiculously hard with
         | strict time limits, just because they expected people to cheat.
         | So the exams were designed in a way they cheating was the only
         | way to get through it, which just encouraged more people to
         | cheat.
         | 
         | That's such a strange response to that expectation. For the
         | class I teach, I made my exams open book, open notes, open
         | internet and gave them a extended time to work on the exam. If
         | they're gonna cheat, they're gonna cheat. Don't fight the tide.
         | But the questions I asked where analysis/synthesis questions
         | that couldn't simply be looked up, and student performance was
         | on a bell curve with a 80 average (in line with previous
         | years). I think a lot of professors need to embrace the
         | situation and adapt rather than forcing a police state on
         | students during exam times.
        
           | TravisHusky wrote:
           | I had a couple professors do exactly what you did and it was
           | much more enjoyable. I feel like I leaned a lot more in
           | classes like that, and now that I have a real engineering job
           | I have realized this style is a lot more accurate to what the
           | real world is like.
        
         | an_opabinia wrote:
         | > it was so frustrating not only the amount of cheating that
         | occurred
         | 
         | Yeah, it's crazy that cheaters are the protagonist of the ban
         | e-proctoring story.
         | 
         | What if the university only admitted students who don't cheat?
         | 
         | How do we know that policy works for real at a place like
         | Caltech?
         | 
         | Academic culture is accommodating, and you feel that way too.
         | But universities must know that cheating harms everyone, it's a
         | losing proposition. The right response should have been to
         | suspend grading.
        
           | cvwright wrote:
           | Or just grade other work that doesn't require proctoring.
           | 
           | Personally, I removed exams entirely in the last courses I
           | taught in Spring 2020, and it seemed to work out OK. I had no
           | faith that the proctoring systems would catch everything, and
           | I had no desire to inflict them on my students in any case.
        
           | zepto wrote:
           | > What if the university only admitted students who don't
           | cheat?
           | 
           | It's a common fallacy to attribute behavior to innate
           | qualities of people, rather than situations.
        
             | bulatb wrote:
             | For anyone interested, it's called the fundamental
             | attribution error.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | We had a particularly articulate young man in our graduating
         | class that argued that checking the book is ultimately not
         | cheating in the world of professional CS and software
         | development. Rather, it's considered being responsible. So why
         | should we be taking tests that treat it as anomalous or
         | cheating?
         | 
         | He convinced one professor, possibly two, but if he had any
         | more luck than that, I wasn't in those classes with him.
         | 
         | Most of what we do is synthesizing facts into knowledge. But I
         | know from copious personal experience that there is a wide grey
         | area between recalling a fact at will and forgetting it exists
         | entirely. I am fairly good at recalling concepts in general
         | terms. Y might be applicable in this case, but I need to check
         | the details to be sure/explain how.
         | 
         | Which is also why I think banning computers from planning
         | meetings is stupid. You want us to agree to do things without
         | being able to spot check any of our hunches that will
         | drastically effect our estimates? That's a winning plan /s.
        
           | ekidd wrote:
           | > _We had a particularly articulate young man in our
           | graduating class that argued that checking the book is
           | ultimately not cheating in the world of professional CS and
           | software development._
           | 
           | My school's CS department defaulted to allowing students to
           | use almost any available resource (unless specifically
           | indicated otherwise). But you were required to _write down_
           | what resources you used.
           | 
           | So a professor might assign a whole pile of nasty algorithm
           | proofs, and say, "You're allowed to work in groups to find
           | the general solution. But you need to write down your group
           | members, and you need to do your own writeups." Tests were in
           | person but not especially proctored. The penalty for cheating
           | was a heavy suspension and a transcript annotation, with
           | permanent expulsion for a second offense.
           | 
           | This actually worked pretty well, back in the day.
        
           | camgunz wrote:
           | Totally agree. Generally my response to that situation is
           | usually, "wait you did that from memory without looking it
           | up? That's super irresponsible, check your work or use an
           | existing ___".
        
         | tppiotrowski wrote:
         | Does anyone in academia know if tests are designed on a curve?
         | You can give a test that everyone gets 100% on (assuming they
         | show up) and you can give a test that everyone fails. Is part
         | of creating a test thinking about how many students in your
         | class are capable of scoring A's, etc or is it just a side
         | effect
        
           | nextlevelwizard wrote:
           | If school is using grading curves that school has already
           | failed and there is no saving it before grading system
           | changes.
        
           | mikepurvis wrote:
           | I had a highschool calculus teacher who was very explicit
           | about designing their tests on an A/B/C system.
           | 
           | The idea was that the A section was the basic plug-n-chug
           | versions of the problem that everyone should be able to get
           | if you were even half paying attention in class; the B
           | section is stuff that requires a bit more reasoning and
           | analysis, and may have a pitfall or two, but they'll be
           | things that were at least mentioned; and the C section is
           | effectively extra credit-- a problem where you needed to have
           | a deeper understanding in order to figure out something novel
           | about it, or like you needed to re-derive something from
           | first principles in a way that was slightly different from
           | what was shown in class, that kind of thing.
           | 
           | And the sections weren't equally weighted; I think it was
           | usually like 50/30/20, or even 60/30/10.
           | 
           | Some people hated this, but I really liked how explicit it
           | was. There was no mystery meat-- the whole evaluation scheme
           | was very open about its design and intent.
        
           | denimnerd42 wrote:
           | From my experience... it varies widely. The university will
           | have a standard, the department will, the professor will.
           | 
           | I had experience taking undergraduate courses at 4
           | institutions in the USA and of course many departments.
           | 
           | I had some professors that expected the grades to fall like
           | grade school did with 90-100 % being a high percentage.
           | Others gave 4-6 difficult multi part problems and graded on a
           | transparent curve. Others gave difficult problems and were
           | not transparent about the grading scheme.
        
           | corty wrote:
           | Depends on country, university and professor. In Germany, the
           | general rule is that grading on a curve isn't allowed or at
           | least strongly discouraged. There was a short while when such
           | a system was acceptable, called ECTS grades (not to be
           | confused with ECTS credits), but that was done away with in a
           | year or so. Currently, grades are based on the lecture
           | contents and the expectation of the lecturer for the progress
           | a student should make. Lecturers are relatively free to do
           | whatever they please within those bounds. If a test ends in
           | everybody failing, tough luck, maybe next time. If that
           | unfortunate event does repeat too often, the dean might get
           | involved, but can't do a lot more than talk to the lecturer.
        
           | allgreed wrote:
           | Not strictly curve grading, but when I was studying
           | electronics one of the professors had a 9-step algorithm for
           | processing raw scores into grades. That involved normalizing
           | the lab scores between different reviewers (so that harshness
           | of a particular reviewer would be compensated for). He also
           | assigned `cos(percentage_from_other_test as radians)` instead
           | of resits if you missed one of the tests for valid reason but
           | had shown up on the other.
           | 
           | On one hand I really like the former approach and could
           | understand the latter (organizing resits is likely a huge
           | PITA). On the other that's the only professor I heard of that
           | was attacked with an axe by one of his students.
        
       | jrm4 wrote:
       | Important to suss out the two issues, because they are in
       | conflict:
       | 
       | 1) EProctoring is bad when it does not work as intended (racism,
       | getting people wrong, etc)
       | 
       | 2) EProctoring is bad when it works exactly as intended.
       | 
       | The second is the bigger issue, IMHO. I refuse to use it
       | categorically. We teachers need to learn to adapt to the current
       | world. This means understanding that there is _very little_ use
       | for this kind of testing in general. Very few situations in life
       | require rote memorization in a time sensitive environment where
       | you can 't talk to people or use the internet. Teachers, teach
       | better.
        
         | krull10 wrote:
         | How are you supposed to assess whether a student has learned
         | quantum mechanics, or chemistry, or calculus if any questions
         | you ask them they can simply contact another student for help,
         | or get someone to do it for them on sites like Chegg? Short of
         | giving an individualized oral exam, which is not feasible for
         | anything but tiny classes, proctored exams are necessary for
         | assessment in such classes. This has nothing to do with
         | memorization or time pressures, and everything to do with
         | making sure the student is the one who actually did the work.
         | In an ideal world one could trust students to do take-home
         | exams on their own, but I've yet to be at a university where
         | undergraduates did not take advantage of such trust...
        
       | kevin_young wrote:
       | Nothing to hide, nothing to fear. Simple really.
        
       | spoonjim wrote:
       | I agree that these e-proctoring measures seem draconian, but the
       | flip side of this is absolutely RAMPANT cheating at universities.
       | I don't know what kind of fair system lies between these two
       | issues.
       | 
       | Also, the domain is poorly chosen, "Bane Proctoring" sounds like
       | a particularly terrifying proctoring service.
        
         | bruce343434 wrote:
         | > but the flip side of this is absolutely RAMPANT
         | 
         | I REALLY doubt this. There's plenty of alternative or hardened
         | testing methods.
        
           | noodlesUK wrote:
           | You'd be absolutely shocked by the amount of flagrant
           | plagiarism that you get in certain courses.
           | 
           | There are ads for essay writing services targeting every
           | university student out there. A lot of them take those
           | offers.
           | 
           | It's usually a symptom of a larger problem though.
        
           | MattGaiser wrote:
           | Ones that scale?
        
       | mvanaltvorst wrote:
       | Me and my roommate are first year undergraduate students. We do
       | different bachelors; I have taken all my tests this year with
       | online proctoring, my roommate has had all his tests without
       | online proctoring.
       | 
       | The proctoring process is actually pretty simple: I have a Google
       | Chrome extension installed that I enable when I have to take an
       | exam. It takes 5 extra minutes before the exam: I have to show my
       | identification, the materials I'm using on my desk, my ears to
       | check whether I'm using wireless earphones, and do a quick sweep
       | around the room. It records my screen, my webcam, and my
       | microphone. Of course, the system is not fool proof (I've heard
       | some students use post-its on their display), but communicating
       | with other students becomes nearly impossible.
       | 
       | My roommate is actually jealous of my proctoring. He does not
       | cheat, but knows most others in his year do. There are groups of
       | students who meet up and take exams with each other. As a result,
       | some of his peers consistently get higher grades, while my
       | roommate clearly put in more effort and is more capable of
       | achieving a high grade on his own. Because the barrier to
       | cheating is so low, it almost becomes a requirement to cheat if
       | you want to achieve grades that are high relative to your peers.
       | 
       | I do not believe proctoring is a breach of my privacy. Google
       | Chrome's sandbox is good at explaining what information the
       | extension is requesting, and when it is turned on. Chrome's
       | battle-tested sandboxing makes me confident that the extension is
       | not snooping through my files, for example. It only sees my
       | screen. I can hide things I do not want the online proctor to see
       | before the exam starts. Similarly with my room, you can hide
       | everything that would breach your privacy before the exam starts.
       | Of course, online proctoring is invasive, but I believe students
       | should think more carefully about the dilemma our teachers are
       | facing. Lack of online proctoring discourages smart students,
       | discourages learning, and hurts the reputation of the university
       | in the long term with unreasonable diploma's. This pandemic
       | requires flexibility from everyone, and simply crying "privacy"
       | without considering both sides is short-sighted. The data
       | recorded for online proctoring is reasonable, and does not bring
       | us closer to any kind of "big brother" scenario.
        
         | MeinBlutIstBlau wrote:
         | College is a game. If you arent cheating, you really dont care
         | about your gpa and waste too much time in school. Those
         | students that cheat and get away with it are actually much
         | wiser than your friend seeing as they save way more time.
        
         | MereInterest wrote:
         | > Similarly with my room, you can hide everything that would
         | breach your privacy before the exam starts.
         | 
         | The need to hide things is itself an effect of privacy having
         | been breached. Privacy isn't just to keep information secret,
         | but also to provide a space in which you can be comfortable
         | because it is your own space. Needing to hide things away is a
         | reaction to privacy being breached, not a way to preserve
         | privacy.
        
           | mvanaltvorst wrote:
           | I do not understand how hiding private items from the camera
           | breaches your privacy. That is like saying you have already
           | died of thirst because you have to drink water; the
           | preventive measure does not cause the thing it tries to
           | prevent.
           | 
           | Furthermore, you do not have to take the exam in your own
           | room. Any quiet room where there are no other people is
           | theoretically fine. Having access to such a room is your own
           | responsibility, just like having access to a laptop to do
           | your study is your own responsibility. In practice, hiding
           | private items in your study room is usually the most
           | practical way to get access to a comfortable room, but I do
           | not believe requiring students to have access to a private
           | room for 2 hours breaches their privacy.
        
             | joppy wrote:
             | "Having access to such a room is your own
             | responsibility"...
             | 
             | It might be a little much to ask for during a pandemic
             | where people are stuck in places they didn't expect to be
             | for a long while though, with a whole bunch of other people
             | also stuck inside.
        
             | MereInterest wrote:
             | > I do not understand how hiding private items from the
             | camera breaches your privacy. That is like saying you have
             | already died of thirst because you have to drink water; the
             | preventive measure does not cause the thing it tries to
             | prevent.
             | 
             | I think I see the difference here. You're seeing "privacy"
             | in terms of information being leaked. So long as no
             | information is revealed, then no privacy has been lost. The
             | information security is key. Is that an accurate way of
             | describing your views?
             | 
             | For me, "privacy" is a state in which effort does not need
             | to be expended to maintain information security. The cost
             | is not the personal information being leaked, but rather
             | the effort needed in order to prevent information from
             | being leaked. Of knowing that your sanctuary has been
             | violated, that your comfortable place has been exposed to
             | others. And sure, you may try to minimize other effects of
             | that breach of privacy by hiding away aspects of yourself,
             | but that is a response to an invasion that has already
             | occurred.
             | 
             | To use your analogy, suppose I'm going on a trip through
             | the desert. I know that water may not be readily available,
             | so I take several gallons of water with me. On the other
             | hand, if I'm going to a restaurant, I can assume that water
             | will be available and do not pack my own. In neither case
             | have I died of thirst, but in one case I have needed to
             | spend additional effort to ensure that was the case. If I
             | hide things away from the camera, I haven't had information
             | leaks (died of thirst), but I have needed to take extra
             | precautions (carrying several gallons of water) due to the
             | breach of privacy (travel through the desert) that has
             | already occurred.
             | 
             | > Furthermore, you do not have to take the exam in your own
             | room. Any quiet room where there are no other people is
             | theoretically fine. Having access to such a room is your
             | own responsibility, just like having access to a laptop to
             | do your study is your own responsibility.
             | 
             | During normal times, when there may be publicly available
             | study rooms at a university, those options exist. When
             | those same study rooms are closed to stop the spread of a
             | pandemic, or when those study rooms cannot be booked due to
             | lack of availability, a person's private room may be the
             | only room available. In that case, the requirement of
             | exposing one's exam space implicitly requires exposing
             | one's personal space.
             | 
             | > I do not believe requiring students to have access to a
             | private room for 2 hours breaches their privacy.
             | 
             | Requiring students to have access to a private room isn't
             | the issue. Requiring proctors to have access to the
             | student's private room is.
        
         | mkl wrote:
         | What proctoring product is it you're using?
        
           | isiahl wrote:
           | It sounds like HonorLock
        
       | tchalla wrote:
       | The banning of such a tool is a good start. One could also think
       | about creation of requirements for tools to protect student
       | privacy in the future that goes beyond a specific tool or
       | software.
        
       | noodlesUK wrote:
       | Eproctoring is a terrible solution to a real problem.
       | 
       | There is cheating at universities. Traditional invigilated exams
       | are fairly effective at detecting certain kinds of cheating, and
       | ensuring a minimum level of competence in some subjects.
       | 
       | I'm aware of a number of different notions of cheating, though I
       | am by no means an expert:
       | 
       | The sort of looking over somebody's shoulder to see their answers
       | is what comes to mind first, and this is fairly easy to detect
       | through existing means (turnitin etc for written work). This is a
       | common form of plagiarism.
       | 
       | There is collusion, where people try to share answers. There are
       | varying schools of thought on how bad this is. I personally don't
       | worry too much about it because most assignments are primarily
       | formative rather than summative examinations, and in these cases
       | it is basically peer learning a lot of the time.
       | 
       | The most heinous kind of cheating and the hardest to detect is
       | commissioning. This is basically when students use essay writing
       | services or similar. They will generate an original work of
       | appropriate quality.
       | 
       | It's almost always possible to detect the kind of blatant
       | cheating people are particularly worried about (commissioning and
       | plagiarism) through sufficient contact time between the students
       | and staff. A brief conversation every now and then with students
       | will promptly reveal blatant cheaters.
       | 
       | There is no magic technological solution to this. Eroding student
       | trust and privacy through invasive surveillance will inevitably
       | lead to worse outcomes.
       | 
       | The solutions to this are to set better assignments, which
       | require thoughtful answers, rather than scantron-like quizzes
       | where answer keys can be shared, high levels of contact time to
       | get to know students, and occasionally controlled exams to ensure
       | nothing is slipping through the cracks. There's a big difference
       | between teaching and certification, and it's very hard to balance
       | those needs.
       | 
       | Anything summative needs to be marked anonymously (or at least
       | pseudonymously), and often needs to be done under controlled
       | conditions.
       | 
       | It is not possible to detect a sufficiently advanced cheater
       | (particularly people commissioning work) working in an
       | environment they control, on a device they control. The cheaters
       | will beat you. They do in video games, and they will in academic
       | pursuits too.
       | 
       | The people selling this are preying on a legitimate fear of
       | cheating that universities have, but their solutions are snake
       | oil, and degrading to the majority of students who are honest and
       | want to learn. Better teaching solves many of these problems, and
       | individual projects with vivas are an extremely effective
       | solution for where you need higher assurance. We can go back to
       | invigilated exams if we desperately need to after covid.
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | An adjacent issue, not from a privacy standpoint, but from an
       | "inappropriate use of tech" standpoint, is anti-plagiarism
       | software.
       | 
       | A relative of mine recently took an English course, and
       | constantly had to lobby for re-evaluation of low grades caused by
       | false positives with Turnitin[1].
       | 
       | The issues were varied, but the most frustrating one was that
       | passages in her paper that were quoted and footnoted were marked
       | as "sourced from the internet". Turns out that would happen with
       | any passage quoted from a book that someone put on the internet,
       | somewhere.
       | 
       | Of course, instructors are supposed to manually review for this
       | sort of thing, but it's such a basic miss. One that's going to
       | get worse over time. People put existing source material on the
       | internet, and it gets indexed.
       | 
       | Also, see this example from Reddit:
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/WTF/comments/h731k/thank_god_for_tu...
       | Argh.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.turnitin.com/
        
         | 542458 wrote:
         | In turnitin's defence, in my recollection their training
         | material explicitly and repeatedly tells you not to do this -
         | that a positive turnitin result is not the same as plagiarism,
         | and that all positives should be manually reviewed. The
         | student-facing side of it can be bad, as it errs on the side of
         | extreme caution.
         | 
         | When I (as a TA) had to mark dozens and dozens of papers pre-
         | screening for obviously copied paragraphs was a very nice time
         | saver. Otherwise the only students I would catch are the ones
         | with poor English skills (grammar switching from flawless to
         | flawed and back again is a pretty good tell that the paragraph
         | was written by somebody else).
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | I do agree that instructors hold a fair amount of
           | responsibility for using the tool right.
           | 
           | But the tool is shite. It misses some very basic stuff. Like
           | "stuff in quotes followed by a footnote/citation" is copied,
           | by definition, on purpose.
           | 
           | It also notes things like missing commas as if it's 100%
           | authoritative. Even though the passage in question passed
           | Grammarly, Word, etc. There's no notion of nuance or
           | suggestion, just "right/wrong".
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-07-09 23:01 UTC)