[HN Gopher] Juul bought an entire issue of a scholarly journal
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Juul bought an entire issue of a scholarly journal
        
       Author : i_love_limes
       Score  : 463 points
       Date   : 2021-07-08 09:51 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (prospect.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (prospect.org)
        
       | excalibur wrote:
       | Vaporizers are extremely useful as smoking cessation tools. Juul
       | is not really configured correctly for this purpose. You have to
       | give your customers control over the nicotine content, there need
       | to low-nicotine and nicotine-free options.
       | 
       | But yes, the hysteria over flavors is uncalled for. Flavors are
       | useful. If you don't prefer the taste of your vape to the
       | cigarettes, you're not going to switch.
        
         | stronglikedan wrote:
         | When I switched to vaping, I specifically chose the fruity
         | flavors to disassociate tobacco from nicotine. It seemed to
         | work, because I quickly found myself becoming disgusted with
         | the smell of burning tobacco. So much so that my drunken-bummed
         | cigarettes would be extinguished after only one or two puffs,
         | and even then I was risking physical nausea. Having access to
         | flavors was a huge part of my success with ditching tobacco.
        
       | uniqueuid wrote:
       | That's quite outrageous.
       | 
       | If this special issue was peer-reviewed, people donated their
       | time for free to publish 11 studies with potentially severe
       | conflicts of interest.
       | 
       | If the issue was _not_ peer-reviewed, then the editors handed out
       | free publication for money, which is what predatory journals do.
       | 
       | There is no way to spin this as remotely related to good
       | scientific practice, which would mean:
       | 
       | - Funding is independent of results
       | 
       | - Double-blind peer review
       | 
       | - Pre-registration wherever possible
        
       | axiosgunnar wrote:
       | That photo of the Juul advertisement with the huge government-
       | mandated warning
       | 
       | > ,,This product contains nicotine. Nicotine is addictive"
       | 
       | made me wonder...
       | 
       | Maybe social media needs the same?
       | 
       | > ,,This Facebook product contains dark patterns and is
       | engineered by a team of psychologists to maximize time spent
       | scrolling the news feed. It is highly addictive."
        
       | shusaku wrote:
       | > But a Tuesday New York Times article on the subject contained a
       | fascinating nugget midway through, which could be described as a
       | buried lede (journalese for putting the most explosive part of a
       | story in the middle of the piece).
       | 
       | I'm going to come down on the opposite side and say that a
       | garbage journal that nobody reads publishing garbage research for
       | money isn't news. Though it is certainly a good example of why
       | you shouldn't believe something just because it is published.
        
         | uniqueuid wrote:
         | The American Journal of Health Behavior apparently has an
         | impact factor between 1 and 2, which isn't stellar but also
         | isn't "nobody reads".
        
           | shusaku wrote:
           | It's pretty hard to find a journal with an impact factor
           | below 1 considering how frequently scientists cite their own
           | work. Heck just look at the special edition papers and see
           | how often they cite each other.
           | 
           | Edit: but I also don't want to argue this point too much
           | because impact factor is not a good measure of the quality of
           | a journal
        
           | nabla9 wrote:
           | Impact factor 2 is bad.
           | 
           | Nature Scientific Reports has 5-year impact factor ~4.5 and
           | it's very low quality megajournal with tendency to publish
           | junk science. The peer-review is designed to be very low
           | quality (scientific importance is not criteria for example).
        
         | Tenoke wrote:
         | Yeah, they bought it for $50k. It's like complaining about
         | paying for an issue of some 3rd rate magazine.
        
           | uniqueuid wrote:
           | Okay, but the studies will still end up in meta-analyses and
           | potentially skew results.
        
             | Tenoke wrote:
             | It depends. I haven't looked at them but good meta-analyses
             | have rules for what to include that might preclude those
             | studies. Were there even experiments or just general
             | reviews?
        
               | uniqueuid wrote:
               | It seems the studies are mostly observational, I didn't
               | see any randomly controlled trial in there.
        
         | paulcole wrote:
         | > I'm going to come down on the opposite side and say that a
         | garbage journal that nobody reads publishing garbage research
         | for money isn't news.
         | 
         | It's a test to see what they could get away with. If this
         | wasn't a story then juul would move up to a non-garbage journal
         | and try again.
        
       | throwitaway1235 wrote:
       | Cigarette smoking is so harmful, in addition to the reasons cited
       | by other comments, because you are _inhaling burnt matter_.
       | Vaping doesn 't involve this.
       | 
       | Big difference between inhaling a heated liquid vs combusted
       | solid. And yes the nicotine is mostly harmless. I rather enjoy my
       | nic addiction with good black coffee.
        
       | pope_meat wrote:
       | Juul was bought by big tobacco a few years back, and then like
       | magic state representatives in a bunch of states all started to
       | get lobbied for a vape tax that was very beneficial to pod based
       | systems like Juul, and Vuse(also owned by big t) and that's how I
       | went out of business.
        
       | irthomasthomas wrote:
       | So Marlboro buys 35% of Juul and now Juul is advertising
       | recklessly and inviting an e-cig ban or heavy regulation.
       | Interesting
       | 
       | Well here are some fun facts about the ingredients in tobacco,
       | for comparison...
       | 
       | The main* reason smoking causes cancer is the high amount of
       | polonium 210, yeah, that same stuff they used to murder
       | Litvenchenko. The reason for the presence of polonium 210 is
       | flavour. Truly. It sounds far fetched, but while the polonium is
       | thought to contaminate the plant from the environment, (Tobacco
       | plants have lots of sticky little hairs which attract particles.)
       | it could be washed out of the product. However, the manufacturers
       | found that the harsh cleaning required, ruined the flavour
       | profile of the end product. This was thought to be a disservice
       | to the consumer. So the highly radioactive polonium 210
       | remains... For Flavour! [0][1]
       | 
       | *Edit: Comments point out it may not be the "main reason". Well I
       | thought I read it was. Measurements show that smokers receive
       | radiation equivelant to 300 chest xrays a year:
       | https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/2008/08/29/radioactive-pol...
       | 
       | Another ingredient you may be surprised at is urea.  Pig Urine.
       | But this one is intentional, and in fact is probably the main
       | flavour you pick up from a smoke.
       | 
       | This history of this particular flavour enhancer is very
       | interesting. They no longer use real pig urine in stuff any more,
       | but a synthesized version. This synthesis was invented in the
       | late 19th century by Friedrich Wohler. But the paper that
       | introduced urea synthesis to world is regarded as the beginning
       | of the field of organic chemistry, and an important moment in
       | history. That paper is now part of the western literary canon,
       | and is often required reading for numerous academic fields.
       | 
       | [0]:https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/smoking.htm
       | [1]:https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/2008/08/29/radioactive-
       | pol...
        
         | beiller wrote:
         | How much polonium in cigarette smoke versus a campfire? It says
         | polonium occurs naturally in the soil and air. How much
         | polonium then is taken in as a baseline? Other commenters
         | mention radiation is not the factor that causes cancer in
         | smoking so why does this CDC article even exist?
        
         | Gatsky wrote:
         | Although interesting, tobacco is not primarily carcinogenic via
         | this mechanism. Smoking related cancers harbour DNA damage
         | resulting from chemical carcinogenesis, not radiation.
        
         | AkshatM wrote:
         | > The main reason
         | 
         | Neither of the two sources you cite the presence of radioactive
         | polonium as the _main_ carcinogenic effect, just FYI. It is a
         | contributing factor, but there are about 70 different compounds
         | in tar that are known to be carcinogenic, one of which is
         | radioactive polonium.
         | 
         | https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-canc...
        
         | failwhaleshark wrote:
         | Tobacco products killed about 10 of my mom's extended family
         | members.. the macho cowboy types who didn't go to doctors.
         | 
         | I say make Juul and cigarettes cheaper and pack _more_ poisons
         | in them.
         | 
         | Sooner to get rid of self-absorbed, littering, cognitive
         | dissonant, inconsiderate drug addicts, the better for the
         | healthcare system, shorter unpleasant dying for their families,
         | and other people's health.
         | 
         | Smoking is suicide on the installment plan.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | > So Marlboro buys 35% of Juul and now Juul is advertising
         | recklessly and inviting an e-cig ban or heavy regulation.
         | Interesting
         | 
         | Marlboro know they're above consequences for their product
         | safety, and they've done this kind of thing before, so they're
         | going to do it no matter how unethical it is.
        
         | toomanybeersies wrote:
         | > Another ingredient you may be surprised at is urea.  Pig
         | Urine
         | 
         | This is the kind of stuff that kids get taught in school to try
         | and shock them into not smoking. It's marginally correct at
         | best.
         | 
         | If that shocks you, then I hope you don't drink beer, because
         | urea is commonly used in the brewing industry as a yeast
         | nutrient.
        
         | tgb wrote:
         | Your citations don't back up your claim that "the _main_ reason
         | smoking causes cancer " is polonium 210. They just note that
         | polonium 210 is one possible reason for smoking causing cancer.
         | From your [1]:
         | 
         | > Do these doses lead to lung cancer? It's hard to say,
         | especially since the effects of polonium are only part of a
         | wider range of damaging consequences caused by inhaling
         | cigarette smoke. But animal studies certainly give us cause for
         | concern.
         | 
         | Moreover wikipedia cites two articles saying:
         | 
         | > In contrast, a 1999 review of tobacco smoke carcinogens
         | published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute
         | states that "levels of polonium-210 in tobacco smoke are not
         | believed to be great enough to significantly impact lung cancer
         | in smokers."[224] In 2011 Hecht has also stated that the
         | "levels of 210Po in cigarette smoke are probably too low to be
         | involved in lung cancer induction".[225]
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_tobacco#Radi...
        
         | elliekelly wrote:
         | > So Marlboro buys 35% of Juul and now Juul is advertising
         | recklessly and inviting an e-cig ban or heavy regulation.
         | 
         | I'm disappointed this transaction didn't get more scrutiny from
         | an antitrust perspective.
        
       | johnnyApplePRNG wrote:
       | Well whatever they're doing is working.
       | 
       | The amount of juul pod junk under my feet in my city seems to be
       | growing exponentially year over year.
       | 
       | At least cigarette butts are biodegradable!
       | 
       | They should be forced to make these things out of cellulose or a
       | similarly biodegradable product as their consumers are going to
       | treat them as butts and just chuck them on the ground when
       | they're done.
        
         | rastapasta42 wrote:
         | It's getting worse now.
         | 
         | Disposable vapes are gaining in popularity, and some of those
         | disposable vapes even come with a USB charger (even though
         | they're not designed to be refilled without fluid).
         | 
         | This means every time someone is done with the vape, they throw
         | away much larger piece of plastic (compared to Juul pod).
         | 
         | When comparing the price-point of a refillable vape (or Juul),
         | disposables are around the same price or cheaper, without the
         | hassle of getting fluid on your hands.
         | 
         | Disposable vape buyers tend to ignore the price of refills is
         | cheaper than buying a whole new vape, so most of the clientele
         | are kids.
         | 
         | Disposables are also very popular for products such as Delta 8
         | - since Delta 8 has higher price point compared to Nicotine -
         | the disposable plastic is just a marginal part of the cost.
        
           | 34679 wrote:
           | >When comparing the price-point of a refillable vape (or
           | Juul), disposables are around the same price or cheaper,
           | without the hassle of getting fluid on your hands.
           | 
           | That's only true of the device. JUUL pods contain 2ml and a 4
           | pack is ~$20, about the same price as a 30ml bottle of juice
           | for refillables.
        
         | timbit42 wrote:
         | Cigarette butts are NOT biodegradable. They are made of
         | plastic.
        
       | 99_00 wrote:
       | Follow the science.
        
       | sva_ wrote:
       | This study is pretty interesting:
       | 
       | > Smoking Trajectories of Adult Never Smokers 12 Months after
       | First Purchase of a JUUL Starter Kit
       | 
       | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/png/ajhb/2021/0000...
       | 
       | The survey conveniently only asked about cigarette or "Juul" use,
       | take note how it doesn't ask if users switched to a different
       | vaping product.
       | 
       | Though the study was described as
       | 
       | > "JUUL customer online survey about JUUL vapor products, vaping
       | and smoking."
       | 
       | Makes me wonder if they conveniently left out some questions to
       | get their p-value right.
        
       | pcdoodle wrote:
       | Juul has sabatoshed their product. I quit smoking using the Mango
       | flavor (now banned in the USA). I moved onto Virgina Tabbaco
       | flavor which did the trick. About 6 months ago, all the pods
       | started tasting like laundry detergent (Batch codes JJ25SA20A and
       | forward). I had a few of the old to compare with. Waited 6 months
       | now and bought another pack and it's still horrible. Now I buy
       | mango pods from Russia. I hope that option lasts.
        
       | fromfar wrote:
       | I used to be a cigarette smoker who went to juuling and
       | eventually "quit" (I still cave to a few puffs of e-cigs every
       | month or so when I'm with someone that has one).
       | 
       | I agree if you have no intention to quit, juuling is much safer
       | than continuing to inhale smoke.
       | 
       | But you might want to be careful using it as a smoking cessation
       | tool. I smoked about 7 cigarettes a day but after I picked up
       | juuling the sheer convenience of not having to go outside, being
       | able to use it in bed, etc. got me up to 1-2 pods (equivalent to
       | 1-2 packs of cigarettes) per day in nicotine consumption.
       | 
       | My lungs caught a break by vaping but my nicotine addiction was
       | uncontrollable. I eventually used nicotine gum to quit and it was
       | absolute hell. I suspect it would have been much easier if I
       | wasn't so used to a constant stream of nicotine 24/7.
        
         | hummusandsushi wrote:
         | I have a similar story but with just non-juul vaping. I
         | actually started smoking again to stop vaping because I was so
         | heavily addicted to the high nicotine availability. At least
         | with cigarettes you get a sick feeling if you smoke too much,
         | but with vape I would sometimes just puff away until I would
         | start jittering from too much nicotine.
         | 
         | Ended up just quitting cigarettes instead which ended up being
         | easier after getting over the mental block that makes you think
         | it's so much harder than it really is. Everyone's mileage
         | varies though of course.
        
       | dna_polymerase wrote:
       | > Pretty much all the articles take the Juul party line that
       | e-cigarettes help convert smokers away from combustible tobacco
       | products, and thus aid public health. Pretty much none of the
       | articles mention that Juul and other vaping companies make their
       | money by attracting countless new people to nicotine addiction.
       | 
       | Well maybe it's because Juul bought the journal or maybe the
       | researchers found no correlation between Juul's profits and
       | public health.
        
         | possiblelion wrote:
         | Well, nicotine addiction is a debatable topic as nicotine
         | itself is actually not addictive as a compound.
        
           | struxure wrote:
           | Any source for that claim? I can only say from the personal
           | experience that people I know and I used to be addicted to
           | nicotine (not only in tobacco products)
        
             | possiblelion wrote:
             | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16177026/
        
         | i_love_limes wrote:
         | This has been a hot topic of research in the public health
         | community, and from more legitimate researchers there is still
         | a lot of debate. However this kind of move is striking in it's
         | similarity to the known tried and tested maneuvers of the
         | tobacco industry to undercut public understanding of the risks
         | with their products.
         | 
         | This is the 21st century equivalent of attempting to disprove
         | the links between smoking and cancer.
        
           | smolder wrote:
           | It's similar but not what I'd call equivalent, because the
           | risks of smoking and vaping are different and differently
           | understood in their respective PR battles. The science is
           | still out on how safe vaping is in the long term, but apart
           | from liquids having certain additives like diethyl that are
           | known to be unsafe now, it appears to be reasonably safe.
           | 
           | The undercutting of understanding the risks of cigarettes was
           | happening when the risks would have been blatantly obvious to
           | researchers, unlike with current vaping products. So while
           | the PR technique is similarly appalling, the context is
           | different.
        
         | tokai wrote:
         | Over half of the researchers are employees of Juul. Not funded
         | or financed, but employed.
        
         | bserge wrote:
         | I mean, yeah they're a smoking cessation tool which has been
         | taken up by non-smokers, like any other drug with somewhat
         | recreational effects out there.
         | 
         | Vaping for fun can be done without nicotine, though. They could
         | place some more visible stickers that say "Smoke only nicotine
         | free - same fun, no stupid addiction!" or something.
         | 
         | And locking e-cigarettes behind a prescription would just make
         | people continue smoking the freely available tobacco products.
         | Nicotine patches failed to gain wide adoption in part because
         | of that.
        
       | plank_time wrote:
       | We spent decades trying to get rid of cigarettes and it worked
       | and now we let this fucking Juul through the front door. It's as
       | if we haven't learned a fucking thing in decades, and the fact
       | that this founder is celebrated in Silicon Valley sickens me. He
       | just found another opportunity to hook kids on nicotine for
       | another few generations and now he's a fucking billionaire. Fuck
       | that guy.
        
         | waylandsmithers wrote:
         | 1) I get the sense that millennials (such as myself), having
         | not lived through the era of ubiquitous cigarette smoking, kind
         | of recognize smoking as more of a legitimate life choice, live
         | your truth, healing crystals, class warfare, can't judge, etc.
         | 
         | 2) Juul, being run by a bunch of amateurs, will continue to
         | operate in an extremely sloppy manner like this and go bust
         | eventually, and Altria & Co. will be there to benefit from the
         | mess in the end.
        
         | yeetman21 wrote:
         | who cares if people want to smoke, i don't smoke but i don't
         | see this kind of hate towards drinking (no one preaching
         | Teetotalism) or even weed
        
         | CaveTech wrote:
         | When exactly do you think we got rid of cigarettes?
        
           | Centigonal wrote:
           | 1. GP said "trying to get rid of cigarettes," implying it was
           | not a completed effort.
           | 
           | 2. It was (and is) a fairly successful effort:
           | 
           | https://news.gallup.com/poll/1717/tobacco-smoking.aspx
           | 
           | https://www.statista.com/chart/20385/cigarette-sales-in-
           | the-...
        
             | m10i wrote:
             | In full, he said "trying to get rid of cigarettes and it
             | worked", implying that it was a completed effort, imo.
        
               | Centigonal wrote:
               | alright, I can see how the sentence could be read that
               | way.
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | I don't know about elsewhere but smoking is has been dropping
           | for decades in the UK. See figure 4 here: https://www.ons.gov
           | .uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthan...
           | 
           | I would say "it's working" rather than "it worked" but his
           | point is valid.
        
         | gremloni wrote:
         | Is there anything bad about having a nicotine only addiction?
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | If only we would work on the real health issues in this country
         | (world?) and start looking at what is being put into our foods.
         | We largely only went after smoking because of its
         | externalities. There is no such thing as second-hand sugar,
         | sadly.
        
         | gundmc wrote:
         | I haven't seen Juul or its founder "celebrated" to any great
         | extent in Silicon Valley. Is this a common sentiment?
        
         | macspoofing wrote:
         | >We spent decades trying to get rid of cigarettes
         | 
         | We spent decades trying to get rid of carcinogens from
         | cigarettes. What's the problem with cigarettes without
         | carcinogens?
        
           | missedthecue wrote:
           | It's like the people who think smoking a cigarette or Juul is
           | one of the seven deadly sins, but also smoke pot every day
           | and see no problem with it.
        
             | conductr wrote:
             | That's not me, but I can kinda relate conceptually.
             | Constantly pumping _anything_ into your body seems bad; to
             | use your deadly sin adage, I 'd call it gluttonous. Even a
             | daily pot smoker, would likely not be smoking a bowl every
             | ten minutes all day long. Sure those people exist, but they
             | probably aren't looking down on nicotine users.
        
           | dillondoyle wrote:
           | Do those exist? Maybe can argue vapes but we don't know
           | either way just can guess.
           | 
           | Also aren't there a LOT of other problems from smoking and
           | nicotine alone, in terms of lung health and hypertension,
           | heart stuff etc
        
             | macspoofing wrote:
             | >Also aren't there a LOT of other problems from smoking and
             | nicotine alone, in terms of lung health and hypertension,
             | heart stuff etc
             | 
             | Probably. Weed isn't good for you either. Neither is
             | Alcohol. At some point, you got to let people make some
             | decisions.
        
             | gremloni wrote:
             | I don't think so. A cursory google search sounds like
             | nicotine itself causes minuscule to no damage by itself.
        
         | dntrkv wrote:
         | Juul is the largest player in the game and were the first ones
         | to use nicotine salts. There are many other companies ready to
         | take their place (and they already are).
         | 
         | The only "option" is to ban vaping outright. But then you're
         | also banning the best smoking substitute.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | > The only "option" is to ban vaping outright. But then
           | you're also banning the best smoking substitute.
           | 
           | That's not the only option. So much of the deserved vitriol
           | against Juul is because their marketing and everything else
           | about their product (e.g. fruit flavors) were specifically
           | designed to get kids hooked.
           | 
           | Juul's marketing should be the poster child for the banality
           | of evil.
        
             | dntrkv wrote:
             | Fruit flavors do not exist because of the need to market to
             | kids. Go into any vape shop and watch as grown-ass men, one
             | after another, buy vape cartridges with names like Unicorn
             | Blueberry Smoothie. Children aren't the only ones that like
             | tasty flavors.
             | 
             | As far as their marketing targeting children, I haven't
             | seen any examples of that. Using millennials in your
             | adverts does not equate to targeting children.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | I'm not denying that adult smokers can enjoy fruit
               | flavors, but at this point _not even Juul_ is trying to
               | deny their early marketing was targeted to youths.
               | 
               | https://www.vox.com/2019/1/25/18194953/vape-juul-e-
               | cigarette...
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | None of the evidence in that whitepaper shows that they
               | were targeting kids. They were targeting millennials
               | (ages 24-40 now), like most other products out there
               | today. Once they caught the attention of the media and
               | anti-smoking groups, they made changes to lay low and
               | actively avoid many of the usual advertising channels and
               | approaches.
               | 
               | Minimalist design, tasty flavors, colorful ads, and using
               | social media does not equate to targeting kids.
               | 
               | The kids aren't getting hooked on Juuls because of
               | advertising. They're getting hooked on them because they
               | give you a buzz and are convenient.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | > Minimalist design, tasty flavors, colorful ads, and
               | using social media does not equate to targeting kids.
               | 
               | Well, we clearly just agree to disagree. That article I
               | think shows well how the early Juul marketing followed
               | the cigarette marketing _so_ closely, and there is
               | voluminous evidence that cigarette marketers _know_ you
               | need to target young people because hardly anyone starts
               | smoking after their early twenties.
        
       | scottlamb wrote:
       | The journal is: "American Journal of Health Behavior".
       | 
       | Why did they agree to this? Why aren't they afraid of damaging
       | their reputation? I'm not an health researcher or medical
       | professional, but I would think if I were one, I wouldn't want to
       | publish in this journal afterward, take seriously articles
       | written in it, or be associated with it. They lost three
       | editorial board members at least. Maybe AJHB will be an example
       | that $51,000 isn't worth trashing a reputation that took decades
       | to build.
        
       | lemonberry wrote:
       | My father has COPD from over 50 years of smoking. I convinced him
       | to switch to vaping and he's been using a Juul for a few years
       | now. Awhile after the switch his primary care physician listened
       | to his lungs and said they sounded a lot better. She said she
       | because the science isn't in "I can't tell you to vape but I can
       | tell you to keep doing what you're doing".
       | 
       | Should non-smokers pick up vaping? Probably not. But in this one
       | instance it was a good move for a smoker.
       | 
       | I'd like to see more studies in this area and some more
       | regulations on the "juice" for vapes. The quality, and I assume
       | health effects, vary widely between different juices. For
       | example: I bought him a non-refillable vape by another company
       | and he started coughing and complaining of soreness in his
       | throat.
       | 
       | I also think the arguments against the flavored juices are
       | hysterical/hypocritical given the variety of flavors of liquor
       | one can find.
       | 
       | Disclaimer: I think all drugs should be legal.
        
         | conductr wrote:
         | Something as simple as saline is highly regulated by FDA (in
         | US), so vape probably should be just as highly regulated.
         | Potentially more so since it's use is continuous.
        
         | ohdannyboy wrote:
         | My uncle was a lifelong smoker and survived lung cancer (in
         | remission getting close to 5 years). He vapes now and seems to
         | be doing a lot better. It seems preferable to cigarettes
         | considering his odds of full cessation are basically zero.
        
         | hellbannedguy wrote:
         | I wish this was around for a friend of mine. I might have been
         | able to talk him into these vaping products. He didn't want the
         | gum, or the patch.
         | 
         | He smoked 4-5 packs of Benson & Henson Menthols/day.
         | 
         | He stopped when he was 64, but it was to late. He didn't die of
         | lung cancer, but they just stopped working one night in his
         | sleep.
         | 
         | He had some undiagnosed psychological problem that I believe
         | added to his constant smoking?
         | 
         | I must have asked him to cut back a 1000x.
         | 
         | I don't like nicotine, but I'm glad these are still legal.
         | 
         | (That said, I had him go a doctor to check his coronary
         | arteries. They were completely clean. I think the only thing
         | that saved him besides good genes, he didn't eat much.)
        
           | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
           | > but I'm glad these are still legal.
           | 
           | This is a great story. But it can be legal and restricted --
           | prescription only, just like Nicorette gum was when it was
           | first introduced.
           | 
           | > He had some undiagnosed psychological problem
           | 
           | There is definitely a correlation between schizophrenia and
           | smoking. I dont know if there are studies on it, but ask any
           | psychologist experienced with schizophrenics if they see that
           | pattern.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | A Tl;DR of the situation with the FDA:
         | 
         | - "E-Cigs are the greatest public health invention of modern
         | times!"
         | 
         | - Oh wait! "Think of the Children(tm)"
         | 
         | - "We need to full on demonize e-cigs a la '90s anti drug
         | style!"
         | 
         | This is pretty much what went down. It was recognized as
         | miracle, but the fear of kids getting addicted was too great.
         | So instead we're going the path of full on propaganda against
         | it, while kids get addicted anyway.
        
           | JohnWhigham wrote:
           | And the most hilarious part? Altria is laughing all the way
           | to the bank.
        
         | jjice wrote:
         | As an alternative to smoking cigarettes, it seems like a great
         | choice. As someone fairly young who was still in high school
         | when vaping started to pick up, the amount of people I know at
         | my age (recent college graduates) that vape and picked it up as
         | a habit without ever having smoked before is insane.
         | 
         | I was out with some friends and two people I had never met
         | before, and they immediately hit it off on their shared habit.
         | I guess that's kind of like the social aspect of cigarettes.
         | It's an interesting thing to see, and it's less intrusive than
         | cigarette smoke for sure, so to each their own.
        
           | jlangemeier wrote:
           | I'm going to push back on the "less intrusive" than cigarette
           | smoke; yes, vaping smoke doesn't stick to your clothes or on
           | your breath, but that precludes the weird habit of vapers
           | using the product where ever they darn well please because it
           | isn't "smoking." The amount of times I've ran into a cloud of
           | "banana margherita" is a bit ridiculous, and honestly I'd
           | rather sit in a smoking section of a restaurant in podunk
           | Wyoming than be randomly accosted by vape smoke, because at
           | least with the smoker section I am willingly choosing to be
           | there.
           | 
           | Also, as a smoker, I've never "hit it off" with somebody
           | because we smoked. Hitting it off with someone in the
           | smoker's pit outside a bar is just shooting the shit with
           | someone that's in a common area; folks that vape and vegans
           | are very similar in that it's a major point of conversation,
           | as if they've assimilated it as part of their personality.
           | 
           | All that being said, vaping is fine, but the uptick in high
           | schoolers smoking (because it's still smoking under a
           | different name) is a bit alarming; and will be interesting to
           | see how that consumer pipeline changes as regulation of them
           | changes.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | The NHS actually _recommends_ vaping to help stop smoking.
         | 
         |  _" In recent years, e-cigarettes have become a very popular
         | stop smoking aid in the UK. Also known as vapes or e-cigs,
         | they're far less harmful than cigarettes and can help you quit
         | smoking for good."_
         | 
         | https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/quit-smoking/using-e-cigarettes...
        
         | afavour wrote:
         | I think if Juul was marketed as a smoking cessation product I'd
         | have no problem with it. But it's marketed as a lifestyle
         | product and a ton of young people with no history of smoking
         | have started vaping as a result.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | But it's _not_ a smoking cessation product. It can be used
           | effectively as such, but it 's first and foremost a
           | _healthier substitute_ to smoking.
           | 
           | People like to go to both extremes wrt. vaping - "but it
           | creates new addicts" vs. "but it's effective tool for
           | breaking addiction", forgetting about the biggest benefit
           | vaping brings: letting smokers who _don 't_ want to quit to
           | keep smoking, without risking lung cancer.
           | 
           | I'm definitely against marketing vaping to non-smokers. But
           | I'm fine with converting existing smokers to vaping _without_
           | any talk about quitting, because smoking e-cigarettes is
           | strictly better than smoking analog ones.
        
             | wayneftw wrote:
             | Yes, it is a _smoking_ cessation product. It helps you
             | cease smoking. Vaping is not smoking.
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | Ok, so it's a _smoking_ cessation product if you take the
               | definition strictly - but it doesn 't do anything to get
               | you off your nicotine addiction, which people usually
               | mean by "smoking cessation product"...
        
               | moftz wrote:
               | A vape can be much cheaper than cigarettes and you get
               | the benefit of not inhaling smoke and smelling like
               | smoke. You can also begin reducing the amount of nicotine
               | in your vape juice without reducing the amount of time
               | you spend vaping. Most brands offer numerous levels of
               | nicotine from something that's a little stronger than
               | regular cigarette down to none.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | All the smokers I know want to quit smoking, not
               | nicotine.. Smoking is 99% of the problem with cigarettes,
               | and nicotine is 1%.
        
               | yCombLinks wrote:
               | You've created your own definition and now expect us to
               | accept it, which I don't.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | Nicotine is the thing people obsess over, but there are
               | far more harmful substances than nicotine in tobacco
               | cigarettes (for example, radioactive elements
               | Polonium-210 and lead-210), and there are MAOIs that make
               | the nicotine in tobacco smoke far more addictive.
        
             | leereeves wrote:
             | > I'm definitely against marketing vaping to non-smokers.
             | But I'm fine with converting existing smokers to vaping
             | 
             | How can a society allow marketing vaping as a _healthier_
             | way to smoke without allowing marketing that makes non-
             | smokers think vaping is a _healthy_ way to smoke?
             | 
             | (Especially considering that the marketers are eager to
             | market to non-smokers.)
        
               | smeej wrote:
               | Related: Why is there talk about banning Juul from
               | selling its products in the U.S. entirely, but no such
               | conversation about banning any of the big tobacco
               | companies from selling theirs?
               | 
               | It's all about power.
               | 
               | There are so many things it would be useful to quantify
               | and compare:
               | 
               | Does anybody know the difference between the percentage
               | of non-nicotine users who begin smoking cigarettes and
               | the percentage who begin vaping? It sounds like the
               | percentage for vaping is higher, but how much higher? Is
               | it as much higher as the risk of dangerous health
               | complications smoking has over vaping?
               | 
               | Never mind the question of why nicotine addiction is so
               | dangerous it must be prevented on a federal level, but
               | alcohol addictions aren't? How much more dangerous is
               | nicotine than alcohol?
        
               | rhinoceraptor wrote:
               | > How much more dangerous is nicotine than alcohol?
               | 
               | If you divorce nicotine from its problematic delivery
               | systems, nicotine itself is a pretty good drug (albeit
               | very addictive). It's potentially protective against
               | diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, it's
               | associated with weight loss, and it improves short term
               | memory and attention.
               | 
               | It's also great in combination with caffeine, and it
               | speeds up caffeine metabolism.
        
               | toomanybeersies wrote:
               | Replace nicotine with amphetamine and your statement
               | still holds true.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | Exactly. Whatever positive effects nicotine has are
               | completely overshadowed and undermined by its
               | addictiveness.
        
               | sarsway wrote:
               | Wouldn't be so sure about that. Nicotine alone has
               | problematic effects on the heart and vascular system,
               | especially since the addictiveness leads to constant
               | admission. Vaping isn't all that great delivery system
               | either.
        
               | vimacs2 wrote:
               | This is one of the main reasons why I vape.
               | 
               | I first got interested in the nootropic properties of
               | nicotine long before I took up the pen when I came across
               | Gwern's article on it. In particular, the possibility of
               | reinforcing habits using it was the biggest thing that
               | made me look into it. However, he uses gum instead.
               | 
               | https://www.gwern.net/Nicotine
        
               | leereeves wrote:
               | > Related: Why is there talk about banning Juul from
               | selling its products in the U.S. entirely
               | 
               | Important distinction: I didn't say anything about
               | banning _sales_ , just marketing, which we've already
               | done for both smoking and alcohol.
               | 
               | > How much more dangerous is nicotine than alcohol?
               | 
               | According to the CDC, "cigarette smoking is the leading
               | cause of preventable death in the United States...causes
               | more than 480,000 deaths each year in the United States"
               | while "excessive alcohol use is responsible for more than
               | 95,000 deaths in the United States each year, "
               | 
               | https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/h
               | eal...
               | 
               | https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/features/excessive-alcohol-
               | death...
               | 
               | Edit: as for vaping specifically, the risks are not yet
               | fully known, but some health authorities argue "a growing
               | body of evidence shows that smoking e-cigarettes, or
               | vaping, may be even more dangerous than smoking
               | cigarettes".
               | 
               | https://www.nm.org/healthbeat/healthy-tips/emotional-
               | health/...
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | That last article says, " _The Centers for Disease
               | Control and Prevention (CDC) suspects that exposure to
               | THC, as well as a mix of THC, nicotine and vitamin E, an
               | additive in many vape carriages, is causing serious lung
               | injury._ "
               | 
               | Would you agree that exposure to THC, in itself, causes
               | serious lung injury?
               | 
               | (Yes, I know, vitamin E acetate (an oil) in cannabis
               | vaping products was likely the cause of a number of cases
               | of lung injury.)
               | 
               | Also, " _An FDA analysis of e-cigarettes from two leading
               | brands found that the samples contained carcinogens and
               | other hazardous chemicals, including diethylene glycol,
               | which is found in antifreeze._ " Diethylene glycol is
               | also used as "a humectant for tobacco, cork, printing
               | ink, and glue. It is also a component in brake fluid,
               | lubricants, wallpaper strippers, artificial fog and haze
               | solutions, and heating/cooking fuel" as well as an
               | industrial solvent. This statement is largely meaningless
               | unless you know _how much_ is in there:  "The U.S. Code
               | of Federal Regulations allows no more than 0.2% of
               | diethylene glycol in polyethylene glycol when the latter
               | is used as a food additive. The Australian government
               | does not allow DEG as a food additive; it is only allowed
               | at less than 0.25% w/w of DEG as an impurity of
               | polyethylene glycol (PEG) even in toothpaste."
               | (Wikipedia)
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | However note that's comparing _smoking_ not nicotine.
               | 
               | Inhaling smoke is _very bad for you_. Lots of people die
               | this way in fires. Like, you cut the victims open and
               | there is _soot_ in their _lungs_. So, no surprise smoking
               | cigarettes is also a bad idea even if it 's less bad than
               | being in a literal burning building.
               | 
               | Nicotine is poisonous, but so is booze. There may be
               | other things about vaping which are bad for you, but it
               | seems pretty clear that the main problem is the nicotine,
               | which is why people are doing it anyway, so, fine.
               | 
               | Booze has another important difference though: The ones
               | drinking aren't always the ones dying. That can be
               | because they're impaired while operating machinery (e.g.
               | someone has "a few beers" then drives home, next morning
               | they don't remember anything about how they got home, but
               | there's a blood red stain on the bumper and someone else
               | is found dead in a ditch) or they might just become
               | violent and cause deliberate harm to others.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > According to the CDC, "cigarette smoking is the leading
               | cause of preventable death in the United States...causes
               | more than 480,000 deaths each year in the United States"
               | while "excessive alcohol use is responsible for more than
               | 95,000 deaths in the United States each year,
               | 
               | The question was about nicotine; it is not generally the
               | _nicotine_ in cigarettes that kills you. That's what
               | keeps you smoking them (to a large extent) but it's not
               | what kills you.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | >Related: Why is there talk about banning Juul from
               | selling its products in the U.S. entirely, but no such
               | conversation about banning any of the big tobacco
               | companies from selling theirs?
               | 
               | Juul is a product of one of those big tobacco companies.
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | Hot take. Ban marketing/advertising?
               | 
               | These are conversations that belong in a physicians
               | office. Advertising is a scam on both sides and destroys
               | instead of creates value for humanity. Historians will
               | look back upon advertising the way many look back upon
               | slavery.
        
               | franga2000 wrote:
               | Is it not already? Genuine question. In all of the
               | coutries I'm familiar with, both smoking and vaping are
               | illegal to advertise. Even alcohol in some cases,
               | although more commonly it's allowed but strictly
               | regulated (must be purely factual, no glorification,
               | mandatory health disclaimer...)
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | Banned, in theory? Enforced? Nah.
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/12/health/juul-vaping-
               | lawsui...
        
               | janeroe wrote:
               | > How can a society allow
               | 
               | What's the lastname of this Society guy?
               | 
               | It's kind of hypocritical to wrap your personal wishes
               | and desired in the veil of common good, care for others,
               | etc.
        
               | leereeves wrote:
               | > What's the lastname of this Society guy?
               | 
               | Legislature would be its lastname, I suppose. As in
               | [nation] legislature, [state] legislature, etc.
        
               | Nasrudith wrote:
               | Yeah but that kind of defeats the consent manufacturing
               | illusion to say the actual entity instead of the vague
               | "society" to brainjack people with presumed social
               | pressures.
        
               | leereeves wrote:
               | Presumed social pressures? There's plenty of very real
               | social pressure against marketing vaping to non-smokers.
               | 
               | Alarmingly there are also many people, especially young
               | people, who believe that vaping is safe, and if educating
               | them is "consent manufacturing" then let's manufacture
               | some consent on this issue.
        
             | egeozcan wrote:
             | Healthier substitute to smoking practically means a smoking
             | cessation product. Impossible meat, likewise, is a meat
             | "cessation" product.
             | 
             | If impossible meat makes vegans start eating burgers, you
             | can't just argue "well, it's still better than meat".
             | 
             | > I'm definitely against marketing vaping to non-smokers.
             | 
             | But this is the whole point, they do attract non-smokers.
             | They should explicitly detract them instead.
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | > Impossible meat, likewise, is a meat "cessation"
               | product.
               | 
               | No it's not. Meat isn't addictive. People don't "quit"
               | meat and develop a habit of impossible burgers. People
               | don't wake up every morning feeling shitty about enjoying
               | meat.
               | 
               | I fully support vegan and vegetarian lifestyles. To
               | compare tobacco to meat is foolish.
        
               | nohuck13 wrote:
               | > But this is the whole point, they do attract non-
               | smokers. They should explicitly detract them instead.
               | 
               | This is magical thinking. Do we apply this requirement to
               | healthier alternatives in any other market?
               | 
               | For example: I really like McDonalds fries, but I mostly
               | don't eat them because they're unhealthy. However
               | anecdotally some "heavy users" eat them 3 to 5 times a
               | week.
               | 
               | Imagine if McDonalds introduced "Beyond Fries" tomorrow,
               | equivalent in every salient way, but less unhealthy (say,
               | baked potato-level healthy). Would anyone apply the
               | standard above, calling for it to be _only_ a "fry
               | cessation product" for heavy users, and expecting it to
               | explicitly repel the abstaining-for-health-reasons users
               | like me?
               | 
               | I can't see how it's even possible to achieve both goals
               | at once. A healthier alternative to _anything_ is going
               | to draw some former abstainers-for-health-reasons into
               | the market. And smoking has a _lot_ of abstainers-for-
               | health-reasons.
               | 
               | By all means let's call vaping a smoking cessation
               | product, but I'm not sure it's reasonable to assume that
               | we can have our cake and eat it too here.
               | 
               | Edit: sense
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | I suppose in a very literal sense, if you replace
               | addiction A with addiction B, you could say that B is an
               | A cessation product.
               | 
               | But by that logic, smoking could be called a weight loss
               | product.
               | 
               | Other people have a more complex definition, which
               | precludes cigarettes from being considered a health
               | product, despite their appetite-suppressing properties.
        
               | thebean11 wrote:
               | > smoking could be called a weight loss product
               | 
               | And it was! The difference is that smoking isn't really
               | healthier than obesity, so it's not a very good way to
               | lose weight overall.
        
             | ReGenGen wrote:
             | Its easy to forget that heart-disease kills as many smokers
             | as Cancer. Vaping is still ingesting mystery compounds &
             | heavy metals directly into the blood stream for the body's
             | immune system to freak out on. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/
             | data_statistics/fact_sheets/heal...
             | https://www.jhsph.edu/news/news-releases/2018/study-lead-
             | and...
        
             | Semaphor wrote:
             | > letting smokers who don't want to quit to keep smoking,
             | without risking lung cancer.
             | 
             | I started smoking when I was 18 (2004), picked up some of
             | the first vapes in 2009 (they were horrible), and finally
             | stopped smoking in 2012. But I don't want to stop vaping. I
             | don't like the modern mainstream ecigs like juul (I mix my
             | own liquid and build my own coils on a dual 18650 battery
             | device), but I'm just glad that vaping exists, because, if
             | all my fruitless attempts at quitting were any indication,
             | otherwise I'd still be smoking a pack a day.
        
               | boredtofears wrote:
               | Is it accurate to say you quit smoking when you've really
               | just switched the device that delivers the substance
               | you're addicted to?
        
               | yCombLinks wrote:
               | 100% accurate, he didn't say he wanted to quit being
               | addicted to nicotine. He wanted to quit smoking, which he
               | has done.
        
               | boredtofears wrote:
               | You haven't really overcome your main addiction in that
               | case though. I don't think that people colloquially
               | interpret that as "quitting smoking" when that term gets
               | used in this context, even if the meaning is literal.
        
               | dude187 wrote:
               | When you quit smoking, you quit smoking. Vaping is not
               | smoking. What's inaccurate is to insist that someone
               | still smokes when they do not, because you insist on
               | calling something that is not smoking "smoking".
        
               | cwkoss wrote:
               | If we accept that addiction is an evil in and of itself,
               | social media addiction should warrant significantly more
               | societal attention that nicotine addiction: it's much
               | more prevalent, both in general population and among
               | children in particular.
        
               | yCombLinks wrote:
               | I think people have mixed definitions, but I really think
               | smokers just want to avoid the lung cancer and emphysema.
               | It's not my place to judge them as failures because they
               | don't meet my criteria of not being addicted to nicotine.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | But is that the _point_? I think many people are pretty
               | much okay with being addicted to nicotine if it's not
               | going to kill them.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | It's not the addiction that causes lung cancer, it's the
               | smoke. So the goal of stopping smoking should have
               | positive health outcomes.
        
               | bmj wrote:
               | My understanding is that the proverbial jury is still out
               | on whether vaping truly is less harmful to the lungs that
               | smoking[0][1]. That would mean that vaping (instead of
               | smoking) isn't necessarily a positive health outcome.
               | 
               | [0] https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2020/05/risks-vaping
               | 
               | [1] https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-
               | preventi...
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | [0]: " _Studies suggest nicotine vaping may be less
               | harmful than traditional cigarettes when people who
               | regularly smoke switch to them as a complete
               | replacement._ "
               | 
               | [1]: " _Vaping Is Less Harmful Than Smoking, but It's
               | Still Not Safe_ "
               | 
               | [1] has some problems. It seems to be conflating the
               | vitamin E acetate issue with vaping in general. ("
               | _However, there has also been an outbreak of lung
               | injuries and deaths associated with vaping. As of Jan.
               | 21, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
               | (CDC) confirmed 60 deaths in patients with e-cigarette,
               | or vaping, product use associated lung injury (EVALI)._
               | ") The section on " _Research Suggests Vaping Is Bad for
               | Your Heart and Lungs_ " focuses on nicotine. Which raises
               | your blood pressure. And not much else, according to
               | other sources.
        
               | intuitionist wrote:
               | Nicotine is great, I would be incapable of functioning in
               | society without it, and if the US Government makes it
               | impossible for me to get a nicotine fix without giving
               | myself cancer I will be tempted to turn to direct action.
        
           | jimbilly22 wrote:
           | It is. Their advertising is extremely strictly regulated and
           | literally all of their ads and marketing material focus on
           | smoking cessation.
           | 
           | Note: this came after initial warnings from the FDA years ago
           | that they were going to ban the product unless.
        
           | rorykoehler wrote:
           | There is no incentive to sell it as something to make you
           | quit
        
           | shadilay wrote:
           | Somehow "It kills you slower than cigarettes" isn't an
           | attractive slogan.
        
           | gremloni wrote:
           | But it is not a cessation product. It is for people that want
           | to continue to smoke nicotine at a fraction of the risks. Is
           | nicotine bad by itself?
        
             | coryfklein wrote:
             | _smoking_ cessation product
        
           | pope_meat wrote:
           | Fun fact, if you claim to be a smoking cessation product you
           | get the FDA at your door going "oh, so this is a medical
           | product" and you're now obligated to prove that your product
           | works as a medical cessation product, and requires a doctor's
           | note to pick up. You can't market yourself as a smoking
           | cessation product without getting the hounds of hell being
           | unleashed on you by the regulators.
        
             | jasonhansel wrote:
             | > you're now obligated to prove that your product works
             | 
             | And that's a bad thing?
        
               | elif wrote:
               | See marijuana if you believe regulators will actually
               | listen to a preponderance of evidence. FDA/pharma
               | executives are a revolving door, and therefore concerned
               | chiefly with the health of pharma rather than humans.
        
               | folli wrote:
               | Recent developments (see aducanumab) have shown that the
               | FDA mainly cares about safety but much less so about
               | efficacy.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | rmellow wrote:
               | For business? Absolutely
        
               | qwerty456127 wrote:
               | Also bad for the people who might benefit from the
               | product even though it didn't help a statistically
               | significant portion of people in an expensive clinical
               | trial.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | mumblemumble wrote:
               | There's an interesting tradeoff there. Getting through
               | clinical trials to prove it works is expensive, though
               | that's realistically more an annoyance to the company
               | than a problem for the public. But once you have gone
               | through all of that, you're probably looking at the
               | product now being sold for a higher price (increased
               | barriers to entry means more competition), and possibly
               | only by prescription. Which might severely reduce
               | availability to less-wealthy smokers. Which, I think at
               | this point, is most smokers. On the other hand, that
               | would also severely reduce availability to kids who
               | aren't already addicted to some other tobacco product. So
               | there's that.
               | 
               | Long story short, I can imagine a lot of valid arguments
               | pointing in every which way here.
        
               | theli0nheart wrote:
               | > _And that 's a bad thing?_
               | 
               | If your product causes harm in any way--regardless of the
               | benefits--you're going to have a difficult time getting
               | regulatory approval. It will also greatly affect access
               | to the product, as not everyone has access to good
               | doctors, and most items that are FDA-regulated requires
               | prescriptions.
               | 
               | For a product which is a superior, healthier option to
               | cigarettes, it's a massive regulatory burden that could
               | kill the business. I can't imagine anyone would defend
               | that as preferable to the status quo.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | acituan wrote:
               | > If your product causes harm in any way--regardless of
               | the benefits--you're going to have a difficult time
               | getting regulatory approval
               | 
               | Question stands, is that a bad thing?
               | 
               | Besides not everything FDA approved becomes a
               | prescription medication. On topic; nicotine gums and
               | patches as smoke cessation products are widely available
               | as OTC.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | > Nicotine gums and patches as smoke cessation products
               | are widely available as OTC.
               | 
               | The first nicotine gum, Nicorette, began as a
               | prescription-only product in the US.
        
               | twojacobtwo wrote:
               | I think the implication is that a product can do some
               | harm, while reducing the overall harm in the system. In
               | this case, vaping might cause some harm, but it
               | potentially reduces the overall harm by doing much less
               | harm than cigarettes. I believe the comment is saying
               | that, by pushing for regulatory approval, the product may
               | never enter the market and would thus not be able to
               | reduce the overall harm being done.
               | 
               | In this case, we would certainly have to consider the
               | potentially increased harm of non-smokers taking up
               | vaping to assess the overall harm being done, but I see
               | the merits of the basic argument at least.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | tw04 wrote:
             | *these statements have not been validated by the FDA
             | 
             | There are countless products from weight loss to joint pain
             | to "improve your memory" that sidestep the issue with those
             | 9 simple words. I don't see why it would be any different
             | for Juul.
        
               | billh wrote:
               | Because that language is for dietary supplements which
               | have a specific legislative carve out from falling under
               | FDA regulation.
        
               | folli wrote:
               | These products can do that because they contain no
               | substances that need approval in any way, so they are
               | likely just food supplements without any active
               | ingredients.
               | 
               | Nicotine will count as an active ingredient, you can't
               | just slap these 9 words to any random drug and just sell
               | it over the counter.
        
             | ouid wrote:
             | Working as intended: moved to won't fix.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | But... you get to charge 10x more and make the insurance
             | companies or government pay.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | > requires a doctor's note to pick up.
             | 
             | I don't think this is true. I can buy Nicolette all over
             | the place without a doctors note. In the US at least.
        
               | pope_meat wrote:
               | That's the case now, initially the product was
               | prescription only.
               | 
               | Oh and it tastes like shit, to save the children.
        
             | egeozcan wrote:
             | Getting licensed for vaping is easier? (really asking)
        
               | CodeWriter23 wrote:
               | No. The only companies eligible in the PMTA License
               | process for vape had to have been manufacturing in 2015
               | or 2016 when the FDA began its moratorium on new players
               | entering the market.
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | They're both incredibly expensive and laborious. Like
               | millions of dollars per sku expensive. The fda has put
               | all the good vape shops out of business and extortionate
               | taxes are killing the rest as people revert back to
               | cigarettes. The fda is actively hurting Americans by
               | shifting these costs onto retailers which was a Coup
               | d'etat for big tobacco who had been completely blindsided
               | by the success of startup vape companies.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | > The fda has put all the good vape shops out of business
               | and extortionate taxes are killing the rest as people
               | revert back to cigarettes
               | 
               | I'm not a conspiracy theorist, but I'll just point out
               | the observation that there are a lot of perverse
               | incentives to keep the tobacco money flowing, public
               | health be damned. Hell, remember back 2019 public health
               | officials were running made-up 'e-cigarettes are causing
               | lung injury' scare which turned out to be entirely caused
               | by contaminated black market THC cartriges? SF _still_
               | hasn 't walked back their e-cigarette ban that led to a
               | doubling of tobacco use by high schoolers[1].
               | 
               | To give an idea of where priorities are, the state of
               | California does 10x the number of checks to make sure
               | stores are paying their cigarette taxes as they do to
               | make sure stores aren't selling to minors.
               | 
               | [1] https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fulla
               | rticle/...
        
               | OptionX wrote:
               | Several "Citation needed" in that comment.
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | Here's a good primer. I was a bit off, it's not millions
               | per sku, more like hundreds of thousands, but all the
               | combinations of products also need to be accounted for
               | and approved at great cost.
               | 
               | https://vaping360.com/vape-news/105656/how-will-the-pmta-
               | dea...
               | 
               | If that's not enough detail let me know, I'm happy to dig
               | up other old articles for you. This small business
               | destroying charade by the fda has been well documented
               | and publicized. Though not as well as the fear mongering
               | about children juuling.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | > fear mongering about children juuling.
               | 
               | Why is that fear-mongering? My anecdotal evidence is that
               | it's rampant with teens. Do you have any stats that are
               | not anecdotal so I can educate myself?
        
               | markzzerella wrote:
               | When I was growing up all the teens were smoking and
               | drinking. Considering how bad we know alcohol and
               | cigarettes are for a developing brain, I'm inclined to
               | not panic over the newest trend.
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | Because the stories are pushing an agenda and ignoring
               | the broader scope of the issue that is children using
               | addictive substances. Conversations about children vaping
               | should be had, but in comparison to the rate of other
               | tobacco and nicotine use. If it's really about the kids
               | shouldn't we also be looking at alcohol and other drugs
               | like marijuana too as reference? I don't see articles
               | about the high school kids that start drinking, taking
               | opiates, or smoking cigarettes and marijuana every year.
               | These are expected behaviors, vaping is new, and the
               | preponderance of evidence says is far less dangerous than
               | smoking, so a lot of ignorant and easily frightened
               | people got caught up in the rhetoric and forgot how to
               | rationalize about new risks. The fear mongering about
               | juul was little more than a perfect excuse to quash
               | outcry over the ridiculous legislation against vaping
               | products on the state and National level.
        
               | pope_meat wrote:
               | It was rampant with teens, but then we "fixed" things.
               | 
               | They went back to cigarettes.
               | 
               | Mission accomplished I guess.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | Do you have any (non-anecotal, ideally) evidence that
               | it's dangerous?
        
               | pope_meat wrote:
               | I'm a living citation. Was a small business owner, retail
               | vape shop. Did fine for 5 years. Then the regulations to
               | save the children and hit pieces in the news. All the
               | small independent shops went under and now you can only
               | buy the vuse, and juul, both owned by...you guessed it,
               | the same folks who sold cigarettes.
               | 
               | Basically, the wrong people were making money, and the
               | regulators fixed that. Now the money is flowing to the
               | right people and no one gives a shit that teen smoking
               | rates went back to higher than they were before vaping.
               | Harm reduced, a slow clap to our regulators.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | Philip Morris owns 35% of Juul.
        
           | qwerty456127 wrote:
           | What about marketing as a smoking replacement product? There
           | are people who smoke and don't plan to quit. I recommend them
           | to switch to vaping.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | rchaud wrote:
           | > I think if Juul was marketed as a smoking cessation product
           | I'd have no problem with it.
           | 
           | This is precisely how I remember e-cigarettes being marketed
           | when I first heard about them 10 years ago. I was a smoker
           | then, so my ears perked up.
           | 
           | They clearly switched their marketing to target kids who
           | didn't even smoke to begin with. 'Juul' was synonymous with
           | teenagehood during the mid-2010s, at least if my recollection
           | of IG memes from that time are accurate.
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | Someone who was involved with the early founding of that
           | company has posted here before. It's as rotten as the
           | cigarette companies. They're on a level bellow even consumer
           | electronics OS vendors.
        
           | egeozcan wrote:
           | Exactly. The false dichotomy they bring forward anytime
           | people mention the adverse health effects is really
           | impossible to swallow.
           | 
           | There have always been products to battle nicotine addiction.
           | They should compare this to those.
        
             | krrrh wrote:
             | > They should compare this to those.
             | 
             | Or we could trust the adults who chose one product over the
             | other to make those decisions.
        
               | egeozcan wrote:
               | False marketing does need government intervention. If you
               | think otherwise, that's a whole different kind of
               | discussion.
        
         | replicatorblog wrote:
         | Ecigs are likely one of the most impactful public health
         | interventions of the last 50 years. They provide a substitute
         | that is less dangerous _and_ pleasurable which keeps compliance
         | high.
         | 
         | Juul and their competitors were genius product managers paired
         | with irresponsible to the point of malevolent product
         | marketers.
         | 
         | I would like someone to do a "Years of life saved" calculation
         | that tallies the expected years save by switching smokers to
         | vaping balanced against those who were attracted by vaping who
         | eventually went to smoking. My guess is even with the new
         | entrants the years of life saved would be extraordinary.
        
           | Judgmentality wrote:
           | > I would like someone to do a "Years of life saved"
           | calculation that tallies the expected years save by switching
           | smokers to vaping balanced against those who were attracted
           | by vaping who eventually went to smoking. My guess is even
           | with the new entrants the years of life saved would be
           | extraordinary.
           | 
           | My understanding is entire high schools are getting addicted
           | to vaping, where before smoking was a relatively minor
           | phenomenon. I suspect vaping is causing multiple times as
           | much harm as it is providing relief, especially since they
           | target young people for new customers.
           | 
           | I know plenty of people that have never smoked in their lives
           | that vape regularly. I actually don't know a single smoker
           | that switched to vaping, but I think that latter part is rare
           | and unique to me.
           | 
           | So, if I'm correct, I don't think it should be "years of life
           | saved" but "years of life lost," and I'd bet it's
           | astonishingly high since many of those high school kids will
           | be addicted for life. Don't forget Juul got billions (not
           | millions) in funding from the cigarette companies in exchange
           | for 35% ownership, so it's all the same to them - addiction
           | is money.
        
             | wholinator2 wrote:
             | Yes, it seems like the elder generations are benefiting
             | greatly from vaping but the "kids these days" are having
             | huge issues with it. I agree that majority of a high school
             | will just suddenly be all in on vaping, the social pressure
             | is just waayyy too high in a place like that and a bunch of
             | people get pulled in that wouldn't just cause a couple of
             | the more influential ones picked up something they view as
             | a toy, but that they can portray as a status symbol, at
             | least within the high school.
             | 
             | I will say that when those juul kids come to college, very
             | specifically my college, they hit the reality that everyone
             | there still looks down on it and that they're basically
             | just broadcasting their "highschoolness", and then they
             | realize how hard it is to quit. We had smoking at my non-
             | smoking campus, just behind one of the buildings, but it
             | was by definition not popular. Vaping existed but if you
             | were walking around blowing huge clouds of cotton candy
             | shit, people would both actively avoid you and look down on
             | you. It was the culture at the time.
             | 
             | Disclaimer: I left a couple years ago, that was my
             | experience, things could've greatly changed by now
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | I suspect you are right about the age division, but would
             | love to see some real numbers and studies about each side.
             | Every study I have seen about the youth pushes your
             | sentiment that "entire high schools are getting addicted",
             | but when you look at the questions, they are typically very
             | misleading and something along the lines of "have you ever
             | tried a vape".
             | 
             | OTOH, being older, I have never met someone who vapes that
             | didn't smoke before, and know several smokers who quit and
             | switched over.
        
             | lolc wrote:
             | So what's the harm of vaping? As far as I know, there is
             | some evidence of harm, but it compares very favorably to
             | smoking. It's a different class.
             | 
             | To talk about "years of life lost" is quite off from what I
             | know about it. And I never vaped, just smoked.
        
               | ehnto wrote:
               | It's still a product using nicotine to form addiction so
               | that you'll be reliant on their product, it's an evil
               | practice. You can vape without nicotine, and it's a great
               | way to quit smoking, but that's not what's happening with
               | all the Juul hype. It's just teenagers getting hooked on
               | nicotine again because marketing has told them it was
               | cool.
               | 
               | It gets a pass because of it's relationship with smoking,
               | giving them a believable reason to keep the nicotine, but
               | if I started putting nicotine in bottled water there
               | would be a class action in a week.
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | We don't have as much data on vaping as we do for
               | smoking, but this reminds me of what cigarette companies
               | said for decades: "where is the data showing our products
               | are harmful?"
               | 
               | We already know vaping causes popcorn lung. I suspect 1:1
               | between vaping and smoking that vaping is safer, but who
               | knows? We won't know until we have decades of data about
               | mortality related to vaping. It seems plausible that it
               | increases lung cancer rates and we just don't have enough
               | data to know yet.
               | 
               | https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/cancer-
               | topics/lung...
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | > We already know vaping causes popcorn lung.
               | 
               | Not true. The data we have shows that it was being caused
               | by Vitamin E acetate, which was used by off-brand THC
               | cartridges. None of the major nicotine vapes used this
               | chemical.
               | 
               | Also, this attitude of "oh we don't know" could be
               | extended to any new product anywhere, including the
               | vaccines we are using now. All of the current data
               | supports vaping to be significantly safer than
               | cigarettes, so let's proceed with that data and if the
               | data later changes, we can update our guidelines.
               | 
               | Otherwise, you are killing people in the meantime.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > The data we have shows that it was being caused by
               | Vitamin E acetate, which was used by off-brand THC
               | cartridges.
               | 
               | That's a different, less well understood respiratory
               | problem. Some ecigarette liquid contains (or used to
               | contain; it's banned in Europe but maybe not in the US?)
               | diacetyl as a flavouring; that causes popcorn lung and
               | various other problems.
               | 
               | Regardless, neither of these are a concern where not
               | present, which they generally aren't.
        
               | deftnerd wrote:
               | Well, there also incidents about 5 years of people making
               | vape juice with Diacetyl, a food additive that gives a
               | creamy buttery taste. Turned out that while it was food
               | safe, bringing it to the temperature necessary for vaping
               | did bad things to it and it also caused "popcorn lung"
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | I'm sure there were even more sketchy recipes used
               | before, but it's not an argument against vaping, it's an
               | argument against those recipes.
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | > Otherwise, you are killing people in the meantime.
               | 
               | What? I'm arguing vaping is more dangerous than not
               | vaping. I specifically said I believe vaping is safer
               | than smoking.
               | 
               | For what it's worth, I believe _all_ drugs should be
               | legal. I don 't care if you want to vape or not. I don't
               | care if you want to inject fentanyl into your veins or
               | not. It's your body.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | "I suspect 1:1 between getting vaccinated and not, that
               | getting vaccinated is safer, but who knows?"
               | 
               | See the problem with this type of rhetoric? There have
               | been tons of studies done at this point with regards to
               | vaping. Everything shows it as being safer. This is not
               | equivalent to the tobacco companies lying to the public.
               | Juul never makes any claim as to their product being 100%
               | safe, just look at the packaging.
               | 
               | On top of that, you also repeated a known falsehood that
               | vaping causes popcorn lung.
               | 
               | My point is that repeating these arguments and casting
               | doubt on vaping being safer further promotes these bans
               | on vaping, which in turn will kill more people.
               | 
               | > I'm arguing vaping is more dangerous than not vaping.
               | 
               | There is no need to argue an obvious fact that 100% of
               | people will agree with.
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | You're comparing vaping to getting vaccinated. You've
               | clearly got an axe to grind.
               | 
               | > There have been tons of studies done at this point with
               | regards to vaping. Everything shows it as being safer.
               | 
               | I haven't seen them, but there were also lots of studies
               | that cigarette companies touted to show how safe their
               | product was until they could no longer deny it. And
               | seeing as how those same companies just invested a
               | shitload of money into Juul, it doesn't seem crazy to
               | think they'd use the same playbook. We also have no
               | reason to believe vaping isn't purposefully designed to
               | get people hooked on nicotine only to later sell them
               | another product like cigarettes or something else they
               | later develop. In fact, there are studies suggesting
               | exactly that
               | (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6652100/).
               | There are many ways vaping could prove to be more harmful
               | than we can currently see because it's a relatively new
               | product.
               | 
               | I get your point about vaping potentially being helpful
               | by getting people off smoking if it's safer, but it's
               | simply unproven. Like I said if people want to vape let
               | them, but I'll wait for the data before concluding
               | whether or not it's safer. I suspect it's more dangerous
               | and I'm sticking to that until the data proves otherwise.
               | Similar to how you suspect it's less dangerous and will
               | stick to that until the data proves otherwise. The common
               | thread is we're lacking data and neither of us can
               | confirm our hypotheses.
               | 
               | In other words we disagree and it's impossible to know
               | who's right until we have more data. From my perspective
               | your stance is just as harmful as you perceive mine to
               | be.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | > You're comparing vaping to getting vaccinated. You've
               | clearly got an axe to grind.
               | 
               | Not sure what you mean by this, but I think everyone
               | should be vaccinated unless you have some health
               | condition that prevents you from doing so.
               | 
               | The reason I'm making that comparison is that there is an
               | ongoing public debate about vaccines and long-term health
               | effects that use very similar arguments to yours. All of
               | our current data shows that getting vaccinated is a
               | better risk tradeoff than potentially getting covid. Just
               | like all of our current data shows that vaping is safer
               | than smoking. Both of the counter arguments center around
               | "but we don't know what the long term effects are" and
               | can be applied to both these new vaccines and to vaping.
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | I understand the point you're making but I don't think
               | you understand the point I'm making. If it turns out
               | vaping is a net positive for society then I will
               | genuinely be happy that you were right and I was wrong.
               | 
               | Let's just agree to disagree.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | I've seen countless people replace smoking with vaping
               | and the massive benefits it has had on their physical
               | health. So yeah, it pains me to see the push to ban the
               | only working smoking alternative.
               | 
               | Not implying that you wanna ban it, but that's the reason
               | why I'm so in favor of it.
               | 
               | > Let's just agree to disagree.
               | 
               | Agreed.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | " _We already know vaping causes popcorn lung._ "
               | 
               | We know that vaping fluid with a particular flavoring
               | chemical caused popcorn lung. That chemical is now rare.
               | 
               | " _The chemical that gave this condition its nickname is
               | diacetyl. After workers at a factory that packaged
               | microwave popcorn were found to have bronchiolitis
               | obliterans more often than other people, some companies
               | stopped using diacetyl as a flavoring. But it 's still
               | used in some electronic cigarette flavors in the US. Many
               | e-cigarette makers state they aren't using this chemical
               | in their products and its use in e-cigarettes is banned
               | in Europe._" (https://www.webmd.com/lung/popcorn-lung#1)
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | " _My understanding is entire high schools are getting
             | addicted to vaping, where before smoking was a relatively
             | minor phenomenon. I suspect vaping is causing multiple
             | times as much harm as it is providing relief, especially
             | since they target young people for new customers._ "
             | 
             | I think I'd want a citation for that. It's been a long time
             | since I was in high school, but smoking was incredibly
             | common (if reasonably well concealed) back then. I can see
             | vaping as being somewhat more popular (if not "entire high
             | schools"), but...
        
         | uniqueuid wrote:
         | Congratulations on your father's change of habit, I hope he
         | continues to recover and has a long life!
         | 
         | That aside, the collective balance is: - how many cigarette
         | smokers will switch (benefit)
         | 
         | - how many people will start vaping instead of smoking
         | (benefit)
         | 
         | - how many people will switch from vaping to smoking (harm)
         | 
         | - how many people will start vaping but wouldn't have started
         | smoking (harm)
         | 
         | Perhaps someone with expertise can explain the current state of
         | research. IIRC I saw a study arguing that the beneficial
         | effects were less frequent and vaping as an entry to smoking
         | was shockingly prevalent.
        
           | grasshopperpurp wrote:
           | Isn't it also about the amount of harm or benefit for each?
           | 
           | The articles I saw (years ago) claimed that vaping was a
           | gateway to smoking, but the data showed that vaping just
           | replaced smoking for teens. That is, once e-cigs became
           | available, the same amount of teens were doing one or the
           | other, but more were using e-cigs than cigarettes. So, if the
           | amount of teens doing one or the other remained stable, but
           | e-cig use largely replaced cigarette use, I think you have to
           | consider the teens using the e-cigs. If you removed e-cigs as
           | an option, would they smoke cigarettes or abstain altogether?
           | It seems to me that they'd be more likely (as a group) to
           | smoke cigarettes.
           | 
           | Disclaimer: I switched from smoking to vaping in 2013 and
           | haven't smoked a cigarette since. I use unflavored e-liquid
           | for a few reasons, but, as I understand it, inhaling
           | flavorings meant to be ingested is the primary health risk
           | with vaping. Last I checked, this issue was still under
           | debate.
        
           | symlinkk wrote:
           | We don't know that vaping is harmful. It's addictive, yes,
           | but not necessarily harmful.
        
             | user-the-name wrote:
             | We do know that nicotine is harmful, whether vaped or
             | smoked or ingested in any other way. No mysteries there.
        
               | mirekrusin wrote:
               | Is it? I thought it's basically addictive.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | Pretty much. I've never smoked, and tried picking up
               | nicotine at one point (via patches and gum) because it's
               | one of the safest nootropic substances we know with a
               | clear effect next to caffeine. (My tolerance was too low
               | and in the end I couldn't be bothered to figure out the
               | dosing).
               | 
               | Even the physical addictiveness of nicotine is not that
               | strong when separated from the rituals of smoking
               | compared to e.g. caffeine (where addiction is also
               | massively affected by rituals).
        
               | symlinkk wrote:
               | That's incorrect.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotine
               | 
               | > Nicotine is classified as a poison. However, at doses
               | used by consumers, it presents little if any hazard to
               | the user.
        
             | uniqueuid wrote:
             | I don't know (not my area of expertise), but aren't there
             | some reliable meta-analyses on the effects of vaping?
             | 
             | I would be surprised to see that inhaling _any_ kind of
             | smoke or non-water aerosol is good for your lungs, so I 'd
             | expect at least a minor harmful effect.
             | 
             | This study, for example, claims increased risks for heart
             | disease [1] (disclaimer: I'm not a medical doctor and
             | cannot evaluate its credibility)
             | 
             | [1] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40138-020-00
             | 219-0
        
               | kortex wrote:
               | Anything going into the lungs besides atmospheric air,
               | and specific medications, is potentially inflammatory. At
               | best, the VOCs (in vaping) do absolutely nothing in
               | either direction. At semi-worst, they cause low-grade
               | inflammation, and worst-case they cause chemical
               | pneumonitis.
               | 
               | However, by comparison, tobacco smoke is like "what if we
               | could engineer the perfect lung assailant."
               | 
               | Tar causes inflammation, damages DNA directly,
               | intercalates DNA and induces replication errors,
               | collapses alveoli, and paralyzes cillia, making clearance
               | of all those chemical assailants from the lungs even
               | harder.
        
             | viraptor wrote:
             | If something is addictive (as in actually creating a
             | physical and mental dependence on continued use in
             | significant number of people) - why would you not classify
             | that as harmful?
        
               | jlund-molfese wrote:
               | I mean, coffee is an addictive stimulant which isn't
               | usually classified as harmful.
               | 
               | Vaping might have social and physiological benefits which
               | outweigh the harm also.
        
               | TheFreim wrote:
               | Caffeine?
        
               | hnzix wrote:
               | Gwern (an active user on HN) wrote a compelling paper
               | presenting nicotine as a potential nootropic.
               | 
               | https://www.gwern.net/Nicotine
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > If something is addictive (as in actually creating a
               | physical and mental dependence on continued use in
               | significant number of people) - why would you not
               | classify that as harmful?
               | 
               | You want to classify sugar as harmful? It's
               | physiologically addictive (go a few days without carbs
               | altogether and tell us how it goes).
               | 
               | What about caffeine?
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | Yes, of course they are. It's well established.
               | 
               | But some harmful things are worth the tradeoff if you can
               | maintain a low enough dose (sugar or caffeine)
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | Yes, sugar is slightly addictive for some people. It's
               | also slightly harmful. (Go sugar free and see how your
               | dental health improves; dropping sugar / most carbs from
               | diet is enough for me to get back to ideal weight)
               | 
               | Caffeine is also addictive and if you drink enough,
               | stopping gives you withdrawal headaches. But in my
               | experience not drinking caffeine at all makes me just as
               | alert as getting used to the daily dose I thought I
               | needed before.
               | 
               | So yeah, I'd totally classify both as slightly harmful.
        
         | re-al wrote:
         | Just think, the science isn't in for vapes. But it is in for
         | rna vaccines!
        
           | kenjackson wrote:
           | It's certainly not in for mRNA vaccines, but I also wouldn't
           | say to take an mRNA vaccine just for kicks.
        
         | dkersten wrote:
         | > "I can't tell you to vape but I can tell you to keep doing
         | what you're doing".
         | 
         | > Should non-smokers pick up vaping? Probably not
         | 
         | Yeah, I imagine that its a lot better than smoking cigarettes,
         | but still worse than not smoking at all. So for your father,
         | its a benefit because its something he finds sustainable (I
         | assume quitting would be even better, but maybe rather
         | difficult), but for a non-smoker, they would do themselves
         | damage (even if not as much as smoking cigarettes would). So
         | definitely good for smokers, but maybe not the best for non-
         | smokers (although I'd love to know how it compares to other
         | common unhealthy things we do like alcohol or fast food)
         | 
         | I have heard some negative things about vaping, but I assume
         | its like you say: the quality and health effects vary widely
         | between the "juice".
         | 
         | In any case, regardless of overall "good" or not, it seems to
         | be a benefit for smokers, so that's a good thing!
        
         | totalZero wrote:
         | > the arguments against the flavored juices are
         | hysterical/hypocritical given the variety of flavors of liquor
         | one can find.
         | 
         | I would assume a significant difference in impact between
         | putting flavor substances in your lungs and putting flavor
         | substances in your esophagus/stomach.
        
           | smolder wrote:
           | I think the argument they are referring to is the one that
           | because there were tasty flavors, the products were targeting
           | youth... as if adults do not enjoy tasty flavors. That's one
           | way regulators rationalized bans on vaping products. No one
           | is making similar arguments to ban tasty liquor.
           | 
           | I haven't ruled out that they were trying to target youth
           | with their products, but having nice juice flavors is the
           | furthest thing from a smoking gun, and yet it was presented
           | as one.
        
             | aliasEli wrote:
             | Many ex-smokers try tobacco flavors when they start vaping.
             | Many switch to other flavors after a while, because tobacco
             | does not really taste nice.
        
             | dmurray wrote:
             | > No one is making similar arguments to ban tasty liquor.
             | 
             | People do make these arguments, and they catch on from time
             | to time. There was a moral panic about alcopops in the
             | 1990s in the UK [0]. They weren't banned by regulators but
             | several supermarket chains stopped selling them.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-23502892
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Some supermarkets not selling them didn't last very long.
               | 
               | The government increased the tax on alcopops several
               | times, but in the 00s the big drink companies started
               | promoting Swedish i.e. sugary cider. Now your 1990s
               | alcopop has some os in the name and 10% added apple
               | juice.
        
             | Talanes wrote:
             | Somehow every anti-vape campaign I've seen that tries that
             | argument only makes vaping look more desirable. "Flavors so
             | good that kids don't find them gross" is a pretty decent
             | draw.
        
             | hwayne wrote:
             | Juul's advertising was specifically targeted at teens:
             | https://www.vox.com/2019/1/25/18194953/vape-juul-e-
             | cigarette...
             | 
             | (Referenced paper: http://tobacco.stanford.edu/tobacco_main
             | /publications/JUUL_M...)
             | 
             | Juul bought ads on socialstudiesforkids,
             | dailydressupagames, and collegeconfidential:
             | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/12/health/juul-vaping-
             | lawsui...
        
         | k__ wrote:
         | My girlfriend switched to vaping 10 years ago.
         | 
         | It saved her thousands of Euros and she is much fitter, and her
         | breath smells delicious, haha. But she doesn't use big brands,
         | she mixes her liquid at home and tries to lower the dose over
         | years.
         | 
         | But every time she can't vape, because her machine broke, or
         | she lost it, or whatever, she get's quiet angry and smokes a
         | few regular cigs.
        
           | 83457 wrote:
           | Teenagers vaping then switching to regular cigarettes is one
           | of the big concerns.
        
             | TchoBeer wrote:
             | How often does this happen?
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Probably high when vaping is banned.
        
               | ilikecakeandpie wrote:
               | From what I've seen, as soon as their expensive-ish vape
               | breaks or they run out of juice and there's a pack of
               | cigs at the gas station for which they don't have to wait
        
             | k__ wrote:
             | She was smoking as a teenager and switched to vaping in her
             | twenties.
        
             | aliasEli wrote:
             | But I really wonder if that happens frequently. Cigarettes
             | really taste and smell awful. I discovered how terrible
             | they really are only after I quit smoking. As long as
             | e-cigarettes remain available, I doubt that many people
             | would switch to real cigarettes.
        
               | twojacobtwo wrote:
               | Anecdotal evidence: My girlfriend has been smoking since
               | she was 14. She had no motivation to quit, no matter how
               | many times I annoyed her about it. After she switched to
               | vaping, she can't even bring herself to smoke again
               | because the smell and taste are much more obvious to her
               | now, even with flavored cigarettes.
               | 
               | In a separate but similar case, the same thing happened
               | to me with marijuana smoking. I never had an issue with
               | the 'smoke' aspect of consuming cannabis, but now that I
               | have tried cannabis vaping products (e.g. precision
               | heating dry plant material or liquid concentrates), I
               | nearly gag when I try smoking it again and I am
               | immediately aware of and irritated by the awful smell
               | that clings to me afterward.
        
               | wholinator2 wrote:
               | Ive seen it go two ways, you start with the vape pod or
               | all in one systems, get bored and you
               | 
               | 1. Buy a big boy vape, roll your own coils, maintain and
               | clean it, the whole shabang. Or 2. Smoke cigarettes
               | 
               | I have seen many people choose option 2. The big vape
               | systems are sometimes large, heavy, and clunky, require
               | sometimes very publicly dis and re assembling a little
               | contraption, carrying juice on you, lots of things that
               | put fellow people off. Ive seen people be ridiculed for
               | carrying around so much vape stuff. It kinda falls into
               | the neckbeardy categories at least for my place/time,
               | just because the first people to do it made it their
               | whole lives and refused to talk about anything else, it
               | got a reputation. It's both easier and less socially
               | risky to just buy some cigarettes.
               | 
               | Though I will say smoking cigarettes is not without
               | social risk. Typically women will heavily dislike the
               | habit except for the ones that do it themselves. I've
               | seen whole houses get addicted to cigarettes just because
               | one person went out to smoke when they drank every
               | weekend. I have never seen the same phenomena with
               | vaping. Though I very nearly missed the target generation
               | for things like juul.
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | That was case years ago. Nowadays people just buy
               | refillable tanks with disposable coils that perform on
               | par or better with what an above average person can
               | create. The devices are inexpensive when amortized over
               | months-years depending on how well taken care of. 30-200
               | is the range for devices with the sweet spot around
               | 60-100. Tanks are 20-50, but a lot of devices include
               | them. Coils are about $2 or less wholesale/from China,
               | and retail for 5-15/ea depending on how greedy/low volume
               | the shop is. Coils last for 1-4 weeks. Juice costs about
               | $0.01-0.04/ml to make and 60ml bottles previously sold
               | online for $5ish, they go for 20-60/ea in retail stores
               | including taxes. Yeah, $0.6-2.40 in product is being sold
               | for 10-30x the cost to manufacture. At most half of that
               | is tax, the rest is profit and funding asinine marketing
               | or paying for lawyers and lobbyists to pull the ladder
               | up. This ain't about children, it's about a cash cow.
               | 
               | Source: I'm friendly with a few people that have run vape
               | shops/companies and got out because they can't afford to
               | lobby against Phillip Morris or comply with pmta with
               | annual revenue in the tens to low hundreds of thousands
               | of dollars. Blame Juul for the vaping crisis in schools,
               | and shut them the duck down. Then let adults have their
               | safer and less expensive alternative to cigarettes back.
               | I'll take cotton Candy clouds over cigar smoke every
               | single time.
        
               | cwkoss wrote:
               | I quit smoking with Juul, and still use Juul - better
               | experience and more convenient than smoking. I quit
               | smoking because it was inferior to the juul experience
               | AND had health benefits AND juuling is significantly less
               | antisocial - it wasn't a challenge because it was better
               | in about every way. Nicotine gum or previous generations
               | of vapes didn't scratch the itch well enough, juul
               | scratches the itch better.
               | 
               | Apparently juul can no longer ship to private addresses
               | in my state, so I guess I'll have to start looking at
               | other alternatives or go to the tobacco shop to pick up
               | refills regularly.
               | 
               | I'd like to step down my nicotine dosage gradually, but
               | juuling is unfortunately not very conducive to that -
               | only 5mg or 3mg, so I'll probably have to roll my own
               | solution, which is less convenient so I worry about
               | compliance.
        
               | fromfar wrote:
               | Anecdotal, but all my friends juul'd in university (some
               | quit some still use it daily). Probably about 30% of them
               | at some point tried to quit juuling by smoking cigarettes
               | instead thinking that the bad taste would deter them for
               | smoking and therefore cause them to consume less nicotine
               | overall. Needless to say that did not work and a few of
               | them now use both cigarettes and juuls.
        
         | BoxOfRain wrote:
         | I can't speak for Juul but I credit my smoking cessation
         | entirely to vaping. I've not had any nicotine since 2020,
         | vaping or smoking!
         | 
         | I think there's a real attitude among a small number of non-
         | smokers that quitting without some form of sustained suffering
         | is "doing it wrong" and that addicts of any kind deserve pain
         | to atone for the sin of being an addict. This attitude is
         | extremely unhelpful and should be condemned along with all
         | other types of moral puritanism in my opinion.
        
           | ehnto wrote:
           | I don't think anything along those lines but I am extremely
           | disappointed that another generation is hooked on nicotine
           | through vaping. You hear kids bragging about how much 'nic'
           | they go through.
           | 
           | I was always confused about that particular part of smoking
           | culture, it's got this mixed message of bad-boy persona and
           | defiance yet it's very much a corporate curated habit. Nobody
           | should have ended up addicted to nicotine, it was entirely
           | unnecessary, and now here we are again even after all those
           | lessons learned.
           | 
           | I am glad it's not nearly as harmful as cigarettes, but
           | people are once again being sucked into an addiction in order
           | to buy product and that stinks.
        
           | kevincox wrote:
           | It may not be "doing it wrong" but different people work in
           | different ways. I know one friend who tried to quit a couple
           | of times by easing off with no luck. However one time they
           | decided to just stop and it worked. They felt like crap for a
           | week or two but then they were off it.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Whether easing off is more or less effective than cold
             | turkey, and for whom, is a technical matter. GP is talking
             | about something orthogonal: some people believe that
             | breaking addiction _requires suffering_ , so if you found a
             | way to avoid it, you've somehow cheated, or hadn't really
             | quit.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | BoxOfRain wrote:
             | I'm not against people quitting cold turkey if that's what
             | works for them, addiction is different for everyone and if
             | that's the most effective way of quitting for a person then
             | fair enough. What I'm against is non-smokers preaching that
             | it's the _only_ way as opposed to something like vaping
             | when they 're in no position to make such a claim.
        
           | cmckn wrote:
           | Congrats! Quitting smoking is really difficult; I feel lucky
           | to have kicked it myself. I started in high school, like many
           | folks (especially in the southern US); and was on-and-off
           | through college. A Juul really helped me power through times
           | of stress without buying a pack of cigarettes. I remember
           | e-cigs were initially pitched to consumers as a way to quit
           | smoking, and I think it's unfortunate that part of the
           | message seems to have fallen off. I think it was a huge part
           | of tapering the dependence, for me.
        
             | BoxOfRain wrote:
             | Cheers! And yeah I started around the same sort of time in
             | my life, about 17 years old. When I was at uni me and my
             | mates bought vapes because around the time they hadn't been
             | banned by most pubs yet so we could use them inside, West
             | Wales is a bastard of a place to be a smoker in the winter!
             | I was the only smoker at my current job when I started
             | though, so I went on just the vape as not to be the only
             | one reeking of cigarettes. Once the social aspect of
             | smoking was gone it just became a bit of a shackle rather
             | than a break for me so I decided to taper down and quit by
             | the start of 2020 which turned out to be an outstanding
             | move!
        
         | 908087 wrote:
         | My main issue with Juul personally is that they seem to have
         | absolutely no quality control at all in their production
         | process. Before I quit using them, you never knew until you
         | opened them whether a pack of pods would be okay, or dark
         | yellow and taste/feel like smoking burnt plastic.
        
         | Synaesthesia wrote:
         | Yeah there's the interesting issue of popcorn lung, which comes
         | from inhaling a certain chemical, diethyl. I don't think it's
         | in juul.
        
           | KuiN wrote:
           | Most manufacturers haven't used Diacetyl in their juice for
           | years (like 7+ years by now).
        
           | techrat wrote:
           | The 'popcorn' issue is pretty much linked to one artificial
           | flavor... Diacetyl... anything that involves a buttery taste.
           | Often found in microwave popcorn, hence popcorn lung.
           | 
           | Custards, a popular group of vape flavors, was the main
           | source of it.
           | 
           | The catch?
           | 
           | Diacetyl is also a byproduct of cigarette smoking.
           | 
           | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/10408444.2014.88.
           | ..
           | 
           | The risk was not considered to be noteworthy among cigarette
           | smokers and food workers who had higher exposure to the
           | chemical diacetyl...
           | 
           | > Further, because smoking has not been shown to be a risk
           | factor for bronchiolitis obliterans, our findings are
           | inconsistent with claims that diacetyl and/or
           | 2,3-pentanedione exposure are risk factors for this disease.
           | 
           | So basically... vaping causes popcorn lung = FUD.
        
         | alsetmusic wrote:
         | I'm also a former smoker who switched to vaping as a step
         | toward eventually quitting nicotine products. It's been a huge
         | improvement (I no longer smell / taste like cigarettes), and I
         | hope it's doing less damage to my body.
         | 
         | Poor behavior by Juul, marketing to youth, makes me wary that
         | I'll have this stopgap regulated away. I wish they'd stop
         | bringing negative publicity to vaping as a whole. The temp ban
         | on delivery doubled prices when they were only available in
         | retail shops. I'm always concerned it'll be taken from former
         | smokers who want to quit.
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | " _I also think the arguments against the flavored juices are
         | hysterical /hypocritical given the variety of flavors of liquor
         | one can find._"
         | 
         | If you have a product that people enjoy using and has
         | associated dangers, some people will use it anyway. If you have
         | a second product that replaces the first product with less
         | danger[1], more people will use it. That's simple economic
         | reasoning.
         | 
         | The hysteria over vaping is largely a product of a puritanical
         | mindset---the horror at the thought of someone, somewhere,
         | enjoying themselves. People have made their peace with tobacco
         | itself[2], alcohol[3], and marijuana[4].
         | 
         | [1] " _Evidence so far indicates that e-cigarettes are far less
         | harmful than smoking as they don't contain tobacco or involve
         | combustion. There is no smoke, tar or carbon monoxide, and
         | studies looking at key toxicants have generally found much
         | lower levels than in cigarettes. They do contain nicotine,
         | which is addictive, but isn't responsible for the major health
         | harms from smoking._ "
         | (https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-
         | professional/awarene...)
         | 
         | " _In September, a paper in The Journal of Clinical
         | Investigation described mice exposed to e-cigarettes for 4
         | months, nearly one-quarter of their life span. Farrah
         | Kheradmand, a pulmonologist at Baylor College of Medicine in
         | Houston, Texas, who led the work, says that, at first, "There
         | was absolutely no emphysema, nothing" in the animals that
         | inhaled aerosol from e-cigarettes. That finding jibes with
         | earlier research showing combustion products are the cause of
         | airway inflammation in smokers._"
         | (https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/11/how-safe-vaping-
         | new-...)
         | 
         | [2] Ever seen one of the bans on the sale of vaping products
         | associated with a similar ban on cigarettes? I didn't think so.
         | 
         | [3] Here's a toast to those who collect the statistics on the
         | externalized costs of anything.
         | 
         | [4] Smoking marijuana has exactly the same dangers as smoking
         | tobacco. (You do have a filter on that reefer, right?) The same
         | particulates, the same "tar", and the same assortment of
         | combustion by-products, right?
        
         | JohnDoerian2 wrote:
         | As someone who vapes and has tried out some different products.
         | Atleast here in Europe Juul was the only "pre-filled"
         | cartridges product which contains nicotine salt instead of
         | freebase nicotine.
         | 
         | Nicotine salt is much easier to vape and feels less harsh. I.e
         | I can easily vape 50mg/ml nicotine salt, while above 10mg/ml
         | freebase gets uncomfortable for my throat. That might have been
         | the reason for your dad coughing.
         | 
         | But I still agree, besides the salt/freebase aspect there can
         | be different aspects of the ingrefients, each affecting health
         | differently.
        
         | dude187 wrote:
         | Why "more regulations"? The market is just fine as is it. That
         | feels like one of those things that people just feel obligated
         | to say.
        
         | Bayart wrote:
         | I was a smoker for 14 years and vaping is the _only_ thing that
         | could get me off of it. And I do feel quite a bit better.
         | 
         | The only issue I've had was with propylene glycol, a main
         | ingredient of most juices, to which I've got a mild allergic
         | reaction (it essentially gives me bronchitis). Your dad may
         | have something similar, it's quite common.
         | 
         | Anyhow, all the FUD in the US about vaping, its cultural
         | association there with irritating types, the rush here in the
         | EU to tax it as if it was cigarette (it isn't), and the growth
         | of corporate trash on top of it has been incredibly
         | discouraging. It's putting a barrier in front of smokers for
         | something that's for all intents and purposes the most
         | effective medication.
        
         | EMM_386 wrote:
         | I agree that vaping is _far_ safer than smoking cigarettes.
         | 
         | > I'd like to see more studies in this area and some more
         | regulations on the "juice" for vapes.
         | 
         | Remember the media chaos when the "vaping lung disease" was
         | making the cycle? This was likely due to the juice they were
         | using. It contained vitamin E acetate and was found primarily
         | in THC vape juice. Normal e-cigs have standard VG/PG, nicotine
         | and food grade flavoring. And that's it.
         | 
         | https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/s...
        
           | trophycase wrote:
           | The only person I know that vapes regularly has a persistent
           | cough as long as she is vaping and goes away immediately when
           | she stops. I don't think it is as safe as everyone is
           | claiming.
        
       | rastapasta42 wrote:
       | I don't get why Americans target their own companies when it
       | comes to vaping. A couple of years ago regulators banned all the
       | popular flavors of Juul while other brands still have plenty of
       | vaping flavors.
       | 
       | The flavor ban completely destroyed Juul as a company, and I
       | would argue Juul is already dead, and more sinister products are
       | taking its place.
       | 
       | Vaping (and Delta 8) markets are now ran by a bunch of Chinese
       | companies now, and their safety standards are much lower than
       | American companies.
       | 
       | With Delta 8 exploding in popularity, I would much rather prefer
       | large and established American companies (such as Juul) making
       | the product with American safety standards.
       | 
       | But after most of the Juul flavors have been banned, Juul is now
       | an empty shell of a company compared to what it once used to be,
       | while Chinese are still cracking out those flavorful vapes, but
       | now they're also disposable (which is even more appealing to
       | kids) so you throw out a battery and plastic shell when the
       | cartridge runs out of vaping juice.
       | 
       | I miss the days of DYI vaping where you would have to build your
       | own coil and cotton - maybe even mix your own fluid - and the
       | whole thing was more akin to a hobby.
        
       | esseeayen wrote:
       | Wait, as someone overseas who hasn't seen any of the Juul
       | advertising what are some of the examples of them "blatantly
       | advertising to children"? Is it just the fact that they are
       | making flavoured nicotine products or has it been more nefarious
       | than that. As an adult I kind of like some of the flavoured
       | tobacco products from smoking shisha (argile, hookah etc) and
       | they have had flavours forever and not been in the spotlight to
       | marketing to children?
        
         | TchoBeer wrote:
         | >they have had flavours forever and not been in the spotlight
         | to marketing to children?
         | 
         | I think my mum would disagree
        
         | hwayne wrote:
         | Here ya go!
         | http://tobacco.stanford.edu/tobacco_main/publications/JUUL_M...
        
         | samizdis wrote:
         | This article seems to give a fair discussion of the issue, with
         | some examples:
         | 
         | https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2019-09-24/hiltzik-ju...
         | 
         | Edit to add this article, too:
         | 
         | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kathleenchaykowski/2018/11/16/t...
        
       | nathias wrote:
       | I have followed the story of e-cigarettes and can only say it's
       | eye opening, its probably very symptomatic to how things are
       | done. It went from innovators and communities to being large
       | enough that the cigarette companies responded by a smear
       | campaign, disinformation and panic, that was then used to
       | regulate in a way that benefited only the cigarette companies.
       | What a transparently corrupt world we live in.
        
         | KingOfCoders wrote:
         | And everyone who doesn't want funny smells in their face.
         | 
         | While since some decades cigarette smokers go outside, many
         | ecigarette users spread funny smells without any empathy.
        
           | mgr86 wrote:
           | in Connecticut beginning 1 OCT 2021 business will require no
           | smoking in public spaces. I know it specifically targets
           | e-cigarette use indoors. But believe it also means no smokers
           | outside the front of the office, or outside of the bar.
        
           | nathias wrote:
           | Yea lets put the same heavy regulation on shoes because some
           | people are not taking their off when coming to visit ...
        
           | MayeulC wrote:
           | I much prefer "funny smells" to regular cigarette smoke, be
           | it for the smell of the cloud, the one it leaves on your
           | clothes, or the aggressiveness of the smoke on your lungs.
        
           | Tenoke wrote:
           | The smell from vaping is not comparable and it goes away
           | quick, at least if you are not using some fancy liquid. Even
           | if it doesn't, it's no worse than the smell of kebab which
           | people are allowed to eat indoors.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | KingOfCoders wrote:
             | So vaper says, non-vaper should not be annoyed by what they
             | is doing?
             | 
             | "Even if it doesn't, it's no worse than the smell of kebab
             | which people are allowed to eat indoors."
             | 
             | Shouldn't it be me to decide instead of you?
        
             | leoedin wrote:
             | Vaping indoors for any length of time leaves a sticky
             | residue over everything - perhaps either nicotine or
             | propylene glycol residue. Even ignoring the air quality
             | issues for people who didn't sign up for it, it's not
             | completely impact free.
             | 
             | Maybe kebab also creates poor air quality and sticky
             | residues, but in my experience people don't tend to eat
             | kebabs continuously every 5 minutes through the day.
             | 
             | I'm all for e-cigarettes as an almost-certainly-better
             | alternative to real cigarettes (banning vaping but not
             | smoking is ludicrous to me) - but allowing using them
             | indoors does have a real impact on everyone else. Perhaps
             | some are discreet, but the cloud chasing guys ruin it.
        
               | Tenoke wrote:
               | I believe residue is just from big cloud VG. I certainly
               | don't see any around my flat, if there's any it must be
               | slower to build up than dust.
               | 
               | If the impact is big enough sure, but it makes little
               | sense to me to treat them harsher than anything else.
        
             | richthegeek wrote:
             | But if my colleague was sat at his desk eating a kebab for
             | 8 hours a day, I'd find it problematic.
             | 
             | Not everyone is as able to ignore sounds and smells as you
             | might be.
             | 
             | In particular the sound of someone vaping over a
             | headset/phone makes me shiver.
        
         | objclxt wrote:
         | > the cigarette companies responded by a smear campaign,
         | disinformation and panic, that was then used to regulate in a
         | way that benefited only the cigarette companies
         | 
         | That and the cigarette companies just bought into the industry.
         | Altria (AKA Philip Morris) owns 35% of Juul.
        
       | cmauniada wrote:
       | I can't read this stupid website on my phone. The content keeps
       | shifting up and down for some weird reason, and like every other
       | bloated website it asks me allow cookies as soon as I visit it.
       | So frustrating......
        
         | MayeulC wrote:
         | Use Firefox's reader mode.
        
       | blfr wrote:
       | Scientism has become the state religion and companies are paying
       | for indulgences.
       | 
       | At least they made it open access. At first I thought they bought
       | out the entire issue so that people couldn't read it.
        
         | ud_0 wrote:
         | _> Scientism has become the state religion and companies are
         | paying for indulgences._
         | 
         | I was unfamiliar with that term and googled it: it's described
         | as " _excessive belief in the power of scientific knowledge and
         | techniques_ ". I'm struggling a bit to understand how a belief
         | in the importance of scientific knowledge and techniques
         | equates to a religious mindset.
         | 
         | In an ideal world, I would absolutely prefer my government to
         | make decisions based on facts and methods of finding out more
         | facts. Currently, that's only one small part of our
         | governmental decision making process, with the other notable
         | parts being powerful special interests and public opinion.
         | 
         | Could you elaborate a bit on what exactly you meant by this?
        
           | wccrawford wrote:
           | I'm not who you replied to, but I've experienced this with
           | some of my friends.
           | 
           | Some people _believe_ in science. They don 't take the facts
           | and understand them, they just say "Science says this is
           | true. Anyone who disagrees needs to be shouted down." They
           | will shame people for expressing any doubt against a
           | "scientific consensus". This is actually the opposite of
           | science.
           | 
           | For instance, the Theory of Gravity. I know people who take
           | it to be a _law_ , even though science itself hasn't moved it
           | into that category. If you dare to suggest that there might
           | be some as-yet-undiscovered mechanism for gravity, they will
           | literally get louder and louder until you stop arguing. They
           | won't provide any evidence, they'll just keep saying the same
           | thing over and over.
           | 
           | And it happens for this that are much less certain, too.
        
             | blackbear_ wrote:
             | > Some people believe in science. [...] This is actually
             | the opposite of science.
             | 
             | Adding to this, belief in science actually means believing
             | in the _process_ of scientific discovery, i.e. believing
             | that _eventually_ the "truth" will be discovered.
             | 
             | As you correctly point out, questioning the current
             | consensus is a fundamental part of the process, but not all
             | challenges to scientific knowledge are legitimate. Many
             | (most?) concerns you hear in the mainstream media are not
             | legitimate but based on logical fallacies, strawmen, ad
             | hominem attacks, etc. I found this list [1] quite useful to
             | guard against such unfounded attacks.
             | 
             | [1] http://utminers.utep.edu/omwilliamson/ENGL1311/fallacie
             | s.htm
        
               | enkid wrote:
               | I don't think science is about "the truth", as the
               | scientific process shouldn't allow definitive claims.
               | Rather, there should always be an understanding that
               | whatever is being said comes with a probability of being
               | true. We can make a prediction and assign a likelihood
               | the prediction will be accurate, but we can never say
               | "this is the truth" using the scientific method. There
               | are going to be things that are so close to true that
               | they can be taken at face value, but science doesn't
               | determine what that level is, that's a personal decision.
               | It's up to the individual to determine what they accept
               | as truth given the data they have, including
               | nonscientific sources of information, such as expert
               | opinion. Science has to reject expert opinion as a source
               | of information, and yet the individual ( including
               | scientists when not performing science) must accept
               | expert opinion in order to live their lives.
        
               | pietrrrek wrote:
               | Since is not about finding "the truth" as you put it, but
               | it is about finding the current, most fitting truth. As
               | circumstances change "the truth" also changes, as such
               | science will never be able to find anything but "the
               | current best bet".
        
               | enkid wrote:
               | Sure. I just don't think it's accurate to think science
               | comes to a definitive conclusion. It is a process of
               | constant discovery and coming closer and closer to the
               | truth, but will never arrived at a final answer.
        
               | toomanybeersies wrote:
               | The idea that science is about finding the "less wrong",
               | rather than the absolute truth, is actually fairly
               | recent, only really becoming mainstream during the 20th
               | century.
        
             | ud_0 wrote:
             | Thank you for answering. I agree that "scientific
             | consensus" is an elusive thing in practice: interpretations
             | change, new data comes in, sometimes it turns out data was
             | held back or falsified. On top of that, what is consensus
             | and what isn't is often distorted in the public view. There
             | is no established quorum process (which is a good thing).
             | 
             | > _For instance, the Theory of Gravity. I know people who
             | take it to be a law, even though science itself hasn 't
             | moved it into that category. If you dare to suggest that
             | there might be some as-yet-undiscovered mechanism for
             | gravity_
             | 
             | There is no scientific consensus on the mechanism that is
             | causing gravity, at least not on the level you suggest.
             | There is consensus on how gravity _behaves_ , in regimes we
             | can currently observe.
             | 
             | The problem with suggesting "some as-yet-undiscovered
             | mechanism" is that you can generate arbitrary many such
             | mechanisms, because there aren't good options yet for
             | experimental corroboration. We all have favorite ideas for
             | how gravity might work behind the scenes, and it absolutely
             | is fun to speculate. But if your goal is to actually make a
             | contribution, your need to come up with an idea that can be
             | falsified.
             | 
             | In my opinion you are completely within your rights to make
             | claims that contradict empirical findings or theoretical
             | frameworks. There often are holes in our knowledge, and
             | continuously re-examining established science is absolutely
             | part of the process. Of course, the burden of proof is on
             | you in that case. But science is absolutely _meant to be_ a
             | living process.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | "theory" and "law" are synonyms in science. the difference
             | is that a law is a simple one line general statement
             | (F=gMm/r^2) and a theory is fleshed out model with details.
             | 
             | "Theory" does NOT mean "unproven". That's "conjecture".
        
             | ChrisLomont wrote:
             | >For instance, the Theory of Gravity. I know people who
             | take it to be a law,
             | 
             | You mean Newton's Law of gravity [1]?
             | 
             | I'm not sure where you get the idea there are "theories"
             | and "laws" in science and science moves things from one
             | category to the other.
             | 
             | The closest I can find is this distinction: "Scientific
             | theories explain why something happens, whereas scientific
             | law describes what happens." [2]
             | 
             | By this description, laws generally happen first, then
             | theory, because observation makes it clear what happens
             | before we understand why it happens.
             | 
             | In which case law and theory go hand in hand in pretty much
             | every single law and theory I can think of (and the page
             | lists zillions)
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_univers
             | al_gr...
             | 
             | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_law
        
               | wccrawford wrote:
               | https://ncse.ngo/gravity-its-only-theory
        
               | ChrisLomont wrote:
               | Satire isn't making your case.
               | 
               | What exactly is this link demonstrating?
        
               | justanotherguy0 wrote:
               | Horrible example but the basic idea is right. Social
               | sciences are probably a better place to point to.
        
             | lilgreenland wrote:
             | A law in science isn't used the same as how you are using
             | the word. A law isn't a really good theory. Laws are
             | mathematical predictions based on data collected.
             | 
             | Often it's just an equation that fits some data for a range
             | of values.
             | 
             | Almost all laws are found in the physical sciences. Some
             | examples are: Ohm's Law, Universal Gravitation, Coulomb's
             | law, and Kirchhoff's laws. None of these are perfect
             | descriptions of reality.
        
             | TchoBeer wrote:
             | >For instance, the Theory of Gravity. I know people who
             | take it to be a law, even though science itself hasn't
             | moved it into that category. If you dare to suggest that
             | there might be some as-yet-undiscovered mechanism for
             | gravity, they will literally get louder and louder until
             | you stop arguing. They won't provide any evidence, they'll
             | just keep saying the same thing over and over.
             | 
             | What a strange example. Has this ever happened to you?
             | Additionally, does General Relativity count as "an
             | underlying mechanism for gravity"?
        
             | vincent-toups wrote:
             | Gotta ask: is this gravity example real? You really have
             | friends who have some sort of mystical commitment to the
             | idea that gravity is somehow entirely epistemologically
             | self-grounded?
             | 
             | Almost literally every physicist since Newton has believed
             | that there is some sort of underlying theory which explains
             | gravity. Its hard to imagine how anyone could get the idea
             | that the matter was somehow settled.
             | 
             | I'd love it if you could share more context.
        
               | bena wrote:
               | Most people think we understand gravity better than we
               | actually do.
               | 
               | To compare it to an actual hot-button issue, we know more
               | about the mechanisms of evolution than we do about the
               | mechanisms of gravity.
               | 
               | We know kind of how it behaves at various scales, but we
               | don't know why it does. We don't know what makes gravity.
               | Why do denser objects have more of it. Why is it weaker
               | than other forces, yet felt on larger scales? Does it
               | actually exist or is it an emergent property kind of like
               | the centripetal force (or is it centrifugal, I keep
               | getting those flopped)?
        
             | 542354234235 wrote:
             | > They will shame people for expressing any doubt against a
             | "scientific consensus".
             | 
             | Doubt based on what? This is the classic "my ignorance is
             | just as good as your knowledge". The scientific consensus
             | absolutely can be wrong on something, but people that read
             | a few Facebook articles and think they're argument holds
             | any weight whatsoever deserve to be shamed. You want to
             | question the scientific consensus? Conduct a study or get
             | in a lab, have it peer reviewed. If you want to say "I
             | think the major experts and accumulated understanding in
             | this field are wrong " then you are going to have to bring
             | more to the table than some random doubts and suggestions.
             | 
             | > For instance, the Theory of Gravity.
             | 
             | Wonderful example. As almost every physicist has stories of
             | people that send them their pet theories about theoretical
             | physics models. Have they done mathematical models? Of
             | course not. But they are sure their theory is going to
             | crack this unifying theory wide open. Maybe ask yourself
             | "if I disagree with all the experts, have they all
             | misunderstood what I am seeing or do I not understand the
             | subject as much as I think I do?" Shame is the cousin to
             | humility.
        
             | nly wrote:
             | We have pretty reasonable models for how gravity might
             | work.
             | 
             | A suggestion that there may be a yet undiscovered mechanism
             | for gravity isn't useful to science. It's imaginative
             | perhaps, but without a piece of math, or a suggestion for
             | an experiment by which to test it, it's just science
             | fiction. Ideas are cheap.
        
               | TheFreim wrote:
               | > A suggestion that there may be a yet undiscovered
               | mechanism for gravity isn't useful to science.
               | 
               | How do you know the impact of something that's
               | undiscovered? Also how do discover new things but by
               | looking where others aren't?
        
             | ilikecakeandpie wrote:
             | Anecdotally, I've seen this too. I think people look for
             | something to believe in, and they take almost everything a
             | celebrity scientist they agree with tweet or share as
             | gospel without much scrutiny of the research. It's
             | ridiculous
        
             | jrochkind1 wrote:
             | I actually agree with your first paragraph, and agree that
             | "science" is treated religiously by many currently.
             | 
             | But you misunderstand what the words "theory" or "law" mean
             | in scientific usage such as the "theory of gravity".
             | 
             | https://www.livescience.com/21457-what-is-a-law-in-
             | science-d...
        
             | BoxOfRain wrote:
             | I think scientism is best summed up as the fallacious idea
             | that science is a priesthood rather than a process. Some
             | people really struggle separating the politically neutral
             | idea of using the scientific method to inform policy with
             | the politically charged idea that a scientific technocracy
             | is a desirable state of affairs in my opinion, a problem
             | that's only got worse in recent years.
             | 
             | Science is a powerful contributor to the sum of human
             | knowledge, but it's absolutely not the _only_ pillar of
             | human knowledge and there 's a lot of people who think that
             | scientific advancement means we can just do away with
             | philosophy, politics, and other fields like that
             | altogether, as though one day with the right equations all
             | of ethics or culture is just going to pop out of physics.
             | These people don't just throw the baby but the whole
             | nursery out with the bathwater in my opinion!
        
           | toxik wrote:
           | Science is myopic by construction. Science does not consider
           | what questions to answer, but rather tries to answer what can
           | be answered. Science cannot tell you how to run a country or
           | city. It can, at best, tell you how NOT to.
           | 
           | Over reliance on science as guidance has also lead to some of
           | the darkest chapters of human history, like phrenology and
           | its use to justify racial supremacy.
        
             | mclightning wrote:
             | Exactly this. Science has too much emphasis on the "now",
             | on present knowledge.
             | 
             | Take 17th century science... most of it would be ludicrous
             | by any standard today. Now imagine applying that science
             | onto humans/society... Science as a tool to deal with
             | present knowledge, should not be used solely to manage
             | societies or human situations with irreversible
             | consequences.
        
               | uniqueuid wrote:
               | Then propose another way of getting reliable, robust and
               | explainable guidelines for managing societies?
               | 
               | But of course, evidence-based decision making should not
               | be turned into decision-based evidence making; science
               | alone is not a basis for politics.
        
               | mclightning wrote:
               | In your very last sentence there; you summed up what I
               | meant. I don't know why you expect me to come up with a
               | solution on how to manage societies in a comment section.
        
               | uniqueuid wrote:
               | Sorry, that was needlessly aggressive. Glad we agree
               | then.
        
               | justanotherguy0 wrote:
               | Well it would be helpful if you did.
               | 
               | Maybe some nice corp would be willing to buy an issue of
               | a journal so that you can publish and distribute the
               | solution!
        
               | mclightning wrote:
               | hahaha indeed! issue of a journal seems to go pretty
               | cheap these days :D
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | I don't think they expected you to come up with a
               | solution to managing societies; I assume if you know of a
               | better way to come up with reliable guidelines for
               | running society you wouldn't have thought of it yourself.
               | Maybe you could link to a book that contains the
               | methodology that you think is better than science.
        
               | mclightning wrote:
               | Dude, we (me and other commenter) are already in
               | agreement. Other commenter summed it up pretty
               | succinctly. So I just didn't want to start a flamewar on
               | semantics, except for pointing out that I can't come up
               | with a solution in a short form here.
               | 
               | I have a medium article in draft over 3 months on this
               | exact topic. That's why my wording of the issue came out
               | sounding more complicated. But other commenter saying
               | "science alone" and me saying "using science solely" are
               | basically pointing to same understanding.
               | 
               | There are many examples in history for the said situation
               | leading to social catastrophes; see Malthus (or Thanos'
               | ideology if you like pop-cult), or Darwinian take on
               | managing societies. Some lead to racism, some eugenics
               | etc etc.
               | 
               | Like the original commenter said; science is myopic and
               | highly focused on the present body of knowledge
               | available. But once we applied those results onto people
               | and cause suffering, and 10 years later find some of
               | those were wrong, we can not undo the human suffering.
               | 
               | There needs to be a balance; when science is treading
               | closely to the human dignity, well-being, life in
               | general.
        
             | krisoft wrote:
             | > Over reliance on science as guidance has also lead to
             | some of the darkest chapters of human history, like
             | phrenology and its use to justify racial supremacy.
             | 
             | Could you clarify this? I understand that humans committed
             | terrible atrocities in the name of "racial supremacy". I
             | also understand that the same people used science as a fig
             | leaf to justify their actions. But you seem to be saying
             | that over reliance on science lead to these atrocities.
             | 
             | I simply can't imagine someone saying "I like these people
             | and normally wouldn't hurt them, but the scientific
             | consensus is so strong therefore I will kill/maim/throw
             | them into a concentration camp." It sounds more likely that
             | the racist ideology was there first, which caused both the
             | racist science and the atrocities both. In other words
             | racist people wanted to commit atrocities and they
             | manufactured excuses for themselves to do so.
             | 
             | But I'm far from an expert on human history, so please
             | correct me if I'm wrong.
        
               | elliekelly wrote:
               | I'm not the person you're replying to (and I agree with
               | your) but thinking about your question the closest thing
               | I could come up with is _maybe_ lobotomies? Even then I'm
               | not really sure about the chicken and the egg. Was it
               | ever about treating the patient or was it meant to make
               | caring for an "embarrassing" patient easier for the
               | family by turning the patient into a shell of a human?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | Also, unlike e.g. phrenology, I wouldn't say lobotomies
               | were one of the darkest chapters in the history of
               | mankind. Sorely misguided and tragic, but not that.
        
               | toomanybeersies wrote:
               | Eugenics was a mainstream science for a large part of the
               | 20th century, not just amongst white supremacists, and
               | was often carried out with "good intentions", as opposed
               | to simply being a way to legitimise white supremacist
               | ideologies.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | The problem is that there's facts and there's facts; if a
           | company basically buys their way into a reputable journal and
           | publishes peer-reviewed papers, are you trusting that as
           | fact? I mean if you religiously believe in science /
           | scientism, you would take the Word of a scientific paper as
           | the Word of God, even if you should do your own research into
           | the sources, citations, reviewers, and who paid for it.
           | 
           | I mean the current slew of flat earthers, anti-
           | vaxxers/maskers, bleach eyeballers andsoforth also cite
           | Science as their source - lending credibility to their
           | arguments, making their thing not just emotional or gut
           | feeling.
           | 
           | And religious people will take (parts of) the bible as a
           | scientific fact as well.
        
           | uniqueuid wrote:
           | Not OP, but I find it important to mention:
           | 
           | Science is not a state of knowledge.
           | 
           | Science is a process for getting better (or less bad)
           | knowledge. Eventually.
           | 
           | I think we all agree that many studies are flawed and/or
           | wrong. But I also think most people agree that there is a
           | realistic expectation that we will find out over time [1]
           | 
           | [1] Caveat emptor: With sensible scientific methods, see my
           | other comment on this post.
        
           | iseethroughbs wrote:
           | > I'm struggling a bit to understand how a belief in the
           | importance of scientific knowledge and techniques equates to
           | a religious mindset.
           | 
           | The scientific method doesn't include the word "belief" at
           | all. If you reduce it to belief, it's not science anymore,
           | it's religion.
           | 
           | > In an ideal world, I would absolutely prefer my government
           | to make decisions based on facts and methods of finding out
           | more facts.
           | 
           | Science is a process, not a collection of hard facts. The
           | only hard facts (or the claim of them more accurately) come
           | from religion.
           | 
           | Science concerns itself with building speculative models that
           | have predictive power, and trying to match observation with
           | prediction of the models. Redundancy (peer review) is used to
           | REDUCE (not ELIMINATE) errors. Social and cultural factors
           | can result in false positives and false negatives in peer
           | review.
           | 
           | That's it in a nutshell. The models don't reflect reality,
           | they only reflect an approximation of aspects of reality in
           | given contexts.
           | 
           | Anyway, the problem is that people do have a religious
           | instinct. And when they're incapable of perceiving science
           | with all its subtleties, they simply reduce it to a religion,
           | which requires the belief that it's basically flawless, it
           | provides hard facts, the best solutions, and that it's
           | uniform (and any contradictions are just examples of
           | "interests" corrupting it).
           | 
           | While politics are very corrupted and often result in
           | incompetence rising to the top, even it weren't the case,
           | those competent politicians have no single place to turn to
           | to understand what "science" thinks on any given problem of
           | society. Science isn't a guy, so it has no opinion.
        
           | heavenlyblue wrote:
           | I don't know what parent meant exactly, but I personally
           | think that scientific methods are only useful for people who
           | are smart/educated enough to interpret them.
           | 
           | There were so many studies for example about cancer along the
           | lines of "eating apples reduces cancer by 5%" and then you
           | see people start eating apples for this reason. Somebody
           | wrote a paper to get a publication with questionable results
           | and people blindly believe in the power of science.
           | 
           | Don't forget that a lot of the papers are also written in
           | unintelligible scientific jargon and that scientists would
           | massage numbers because their writings directly affects their
           | job prospects and salaries.
           | 
           | Religion didn't necessarily start from being a highly
           | politicised power-hungry beast it became in middle ages.
           | Bible says a lot about being a better human being. So is
           | science - the scientific method does allow us to learn new
           | things; but academia is a political entity which is only
           | going to be growing in it's power and thus corruption.
        
             | ajsnigrutin wrote:
             | > There were so many studies for example about cancer along
             | the lines of "eating apples reduces cancer by 5%" and then
             | you see people start eating apples for this reason.
             | Somebody wrote a paper to get a publication with
             | questionable results and people blindly believe in the
             | power of science.
             | 
             | This is the problem with interpreting results... you can
             | set up a study witn n=100k people, and find out that people
             | who eat apples die 5% less from cancer, correlation is
             | shown, and somewhere in the conclusion "more research is
             | needed to find exact cause".
             | 
             | In practice, people who eat more fruits probably take care
             | of themselves better, eat better diet,... etc.
             | 
             | I understood the parent as people believieng in something,
             | without actually looking at data itself, thinking about it,
             | considering other posibilities, and of course, declaring
             | others (opposers) as heretics... for example, spring, last
             | year, my government (and our scientists, and probably yours
             | too, depending on where you live) said that masks are
             | useless for fighting covid, even detrimental, so
             | "believers" called the people who bought and wore them
             | fearmongering paranoics.... then a random saturday came,
             | masks became mandatory "from monday on", and those same
             | people called the "antimaskers" conspiracy-theorists and
             | worse for not wanting to wear masks.
             | 
             | Reality is of course a mixed bag... cotton masks prevent
             | you from spitting everywhere, but don't actually block a
             | lot of virus in the air. Surgical masks were practically
             | impossible to buy back then. Masks outside, away from
             | people are useless. etc.
        
           | goodpoint wrote:
           | > how a belief in the importance of scientific knowledge
           | 
           | You quoted it yourself: scientism is "excessive", or, more
           | correctly, it treats scientists as authoritative sources of
           | truths that should not be questioned. This form of blind
           | trust goes against the scientific method.
           | 
           | Also scientism can make categorical error in the type of
           | questions that can be answered e.g. journalists asking
           | physicists about "god particles" and such
           | 
           | > I'm struggling a bit to understand how a belief in the
           | importance of scientific knowledge and techniques equates to
           | a religious mindset.
           | 
           | I think the poster refers to dogmatic mindset. Assuming that
           | all religions are dogmatic is incorrect.
        
             | TchoBeer wrote:
             | >e.g. journalists asking physicists about "god particles"
             | and such
             | 
             | Can you give an example? There is something called "the god
             | particle" but a journalist asking about it wouldn't be a
             | categorical error.
        
           | blfr wrote:
           | In an ideal world, maybe. In the real world it means treating
           | a study on 31 American undergrads as scripture (the studies
           | that failed to replicate its result go unpublished),
           | regulation based on a study sponsored by the regulated, or a
           | diet recommendation for half a century based on a hypothesis
           | that saturated fat causes heart disease.
           | 
           | This policy by science simply doesn't seem very effective. It
           | largely provides cover for bureaucrats who can say that they
           | followed science while doing what they wanted to do in the
           | first place.
        
             | ud_0 wrote:
             | Sorry I missed your reply amongst the other comments.
             | 
             |  _> In the real world it means treating a study on 31
             | American undergrads as scripture_
             | 
             | My opinion is that scripture shouldn't be treated as
             | scripture to begin with.
             | 
             |  _> This policy by science simply doesn 't seem very
             | effective._
             | 
             | As a tool for making policy decisions, science gives you
             | access to solutions that might work based on the evidence.
             | Now, that evidence may be completely bogus, so there is no
             | getting around the need for evaluation. But saying that
             | data is a bad basis for goal-oriented action planning is a
             | self-defeating position.
             | 
             | Policy by science is not a meaningful concept on its own,
             | policy action requires a component we haven't talked about
             | yet: a value system. Science can give you the data, but
             | your goals determine what actions should follow. You're
             | certainly correct when you say that politicians are getting
             | _some_ cover from improper data, but overall I find they
             | seldomly hide their motivations.
        
           | mrtksn wrote:
           | The problematic part is not the belief in science but in the
           | absence of good science relying on or outright exploiting the
           | things that resemble science. With bad science and statistics
           | you can justify pretty much anything. When challenged simply
           | say "Ah sorry, the science says so".
        
           | xgb84j wrote:
           | I think scientism relates to beliefs that equate the current
           | state of scientific knowledge with absolute truth and
           | ignoring unknown unknowns and limits of scientific methods
           | like statistics.
           | 
           | A common fallacy is that "absence of evidence is evidence of
           | absence". For a government this might mean "There is no
           | definite scientific evidence that substance X causes cancer,
           | so we do not ban it.".
        
             | TchoBeer wrote:
             | Should we ban everything until we don't have solid proof
             | that they don't cause cancer? Not banning something isn't
             | acting like the substance is benign, it's acting like we
             | don't know.
        
               | xgb84j wrote:
               | There is a middle ground that exists only when you
               | combine science with common sense.
               | 
               | Let's say a chemical X is used in baby food production.
               | There are no studies that show that it is harmful,
               | because no studies have been done yet. Many chemicals
               | with similar structure have been shown to be harmful.
               | 
               | Scientifically speaking you would be correct to say that
               | there is no evidence that chemical X is harmful. There is
               | no way yet to accurately model the interaction of any
               | chemical with your body without any actual
               | experimentation. You can make an argument that chemical X
               | might be harmful because similar chemicals are harmful,
               | but that would not be science.
               | 
               | I would not buy that baby food with chemical X if given a
               | choice. Best case I don't lose.
               | 
               | Finding conclusive evidence in science often takes lots
               | of time to gather enough data because there are so many
               | different variables to consider. So absence of evidence
               | means a lot more when you have been looking for a long
               | time and invested lots of resources.
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | >Scientifically speaking you would be correct to say that
               | there is no evidence that chemical X is harmful.
               | 
               | I wouldn't say that's true, if chemicals with a similar
               | structure are harmful then there's weak but real evidence
               | that X is harmful too.
        
           | matheusmoreira wrote:
           | Not all science is good. You can publish papers which
           | literally do not allow any valid conclusions to be drawn due
           | to methodological errors. I suspect that's most of them since
           | academics are judged by the number of papers they've
           | published in impactful journals.
           | 
           | Just because science says something doesn't mean it's true.
           | Truth must be verifiable. It's possible to easily and cheaply
           | verify basic physical concepts like gravity. This inspires
           | trust. Professors routinely reproduce physics in classrooms:
           | 
           | https://youtu.be/hezfZ91ayiA
           | 
           | Reproducing some medical experiment is hard, expensive and
           | time consuming. Once a study is published, a huge number of
           | people will simply assume it is true. Very few will actually
           | check the methodology of the study. Virtually none will
           | attempt to reproduce it.
        
             | ud_0 wrote:
             | > _Just because science says something doesn 't mean it's
             | true. Truth must be verifiable._
             | 
             | I don't mean to sound condescending, but if science as a
             | concept 'says' anything, it is exactly that truth must be
             | verifiable.
             | 
             | There absolutely are problems with how study results are
             | weighted. Starting from the way the press reports on
             | findings, up to and including the uncritical acceptance of
             | questionable material by many members of the scientific
             | community.
             | 
             | However, there is no workable alternative to the _process
             | of science_ , because defaulting to whatever people
             | personally like and discarding any inpportune data is
             | certainly not how we move forward as a civilization if we
             | have any ambition to continue our ascent (and we might in
             | fact not have that ambition, but I do like to pretend that
             | we do).
             | 
             | Studies and data in general must be weighted. Sometimes the
             | proper weight is zero. I see little other options but to
             | continue stumbling towards improvement and knowledge.
             | Acting on data will always be an imperfect process on a
             | sliding scale, very few people would disagree with that.
             | 
             |  _Edit_ : I would also say that there is a distinction
             | between the opinion that we're generally moving too fast
             | and the opinion that we have severe deficits in how we
             | weigh incoming data. Both of these can be addressed,
             | although the solutions appear to be way easier in the
             | former case. We need to be honest about which camp we're in
             | though.
        
             | toomanybeersies wrote:
             | > Truth must be verifiable
             | 
             | On the contrary, truth must be falsifiable [1]. The value
             | of a theory is not in how easy it is to verify, but in how
             | easily it could possibly be refuted.
             | 
             | [1] https://science.jrank.org/pages/9302/Falsifiability-
             | Popper-s...
        
             | uniqueuid wrote:
             | I want to agree here because this comment seems to be
             | misunderstood.
             | 
             | In science as cumulative evidence, studies can in fact be
             | harmful. If they are wrong or highly ambiguous, or if they
             | make it hard to uncover errors, then they make it more
             | difficult for future research to be correct.
             | 
             | The reasons include publication bias (rejecting studies
             | with null effects and/or contradicting previous
             | literature), p-hacking and so on.
             | 
             | That's why it is so important to apply rigorous standards
             | everywhere: Transparency, data sharing, peer review,
             | replication, pre-registration. In other words: There is no
             | alternative to open science.
        
           | RickJWagner wrote:
           | I think it's the belief that whatever science _currently_
           | says is final. And it 's heresy to question the findings.
           | 
           | We do see some of that in some of today's arguments, I think.
        
           | chalst wrote:
           | Scientism is a term popularised by Hayek that means the
           | fetishisation of the institutions of science and a failure to
           | recognise the role of uncertainty in scientific judgement.
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | Dividing the world into alleged institutions that produce
           | facts, and institutions that don't is exactly what scientism
           | is.
           | 
           | Querying public opinion is a method of determining facts,
           | even special interests provide facts. 'Scientism' consists of
           | what Feyerabend called 'methodological monism', believing in
           | the notion that there is any privileged authority to 'speak
           | facts'.
           | 
           | Someone who properly understands 'science' understands that
           | the processes to produce knowledge are as dynamic as facts
           | themselves. All efforts to produce some sort of privileged
           | methodology produce bureaucracy and standardization that
           | closes science off from avenues that can produce knowledge.
           | Elevating this bureaucratic caste of scientists to political
           | authority is scientism.
        
           | fennecfoxen wrote:
           | As a hypothetical example: "excessive deference to science"
           | might occur when you have a global pandemic, and a government
           | official says, "I am following the science. Therefore an
           | attack on me is an attack on science." This official asks for
           | exciting new emergency powers, and uses them to push through
           | measures which coincidentally achieve policy goals he
           | couldn't achieve before the pandemic. In the name of
           | Science(tm), he tries to silence any dissent that says his
           | measures are ill-suited to mitigate the pandemic, or unduly
           | burdensome; maybe he even has an excuse to ban opposition
           | political parties, perhaps because they are antivax (eww --
           | but still) or just because they are questioning his power
           | grabs.
           | 
           |  _(This is a hypothetical government official. Any
           | resemblance to real-world government officials is
           | coincidental.)_
        
             | kenjackson wrote:
             | That isn't deference to science. That's just someone who
             | can align himself to something and use it t to make himself
             | untouchable. You see the sand thing with religion or
             | nationalism. "An attack on me is an attack on our
             | veterans!"
             | 
             | It really has nothing to do with science.
        
               | fennecfoxen wrote:
               | Yes, that's the point.
        
         | toomanybeersies wrote:
         | I thought the indulgences of the 21st century were carbon
         | credits.
        
       | qwerty456127 wrote:
       | > Juul's dominance dissipated around the time that over a
       | thousand people contracted a mysterious vaping-related sickness
       | in the fall of 2019, and state and federal regulators started to
       | investigate the company's blatantly obvious marketing to
       | teenagers.
       | 
       | Surely as hell I support investigating marketing to teenagers but
       | in this case it would seem to me more adequate if they would
       | rather investigate the cases of the sickness and find out what
       | exactly was causing it. I even doubt the sick were using Juul.
        
         | qvrjuec wrote:
         | I think the case was closed on the vaping sickness, as it was
         | attributed to black-market THC vapes using vitamin E oil to
         | thicken their otherwise diluted distillate to give the illusion
         | of a higher quality product. It's too late for the PR damage to
         | be undone to vapes in general.
        
       | Aldipower wrote:
       | I quit to smoke after 13 years of smoking. And I was a heavy
       | smoker. I am a non-smoker for 10y now and will never smoke again.
       | No need for vaping or such. I think if you substitute you do not
       | catch your addiction at the root. Vaping is really the wrong way.
       | You need to get rid of the addiction. My main point why it was
       | easy for me to quit finally, I hated to be controlled by an
       | chemical. A chemical that has control over my brain? No way
       | anymore! I've destroyed this beast. I am a free man!
        
         | kortex wrote:
         | That's wonderful, but be careful generalizing your experience
         | to others. You don't know who is struggling with mental
         | illness, executive control issues, ADHD, OCD, depression, etc.
         | 
         | Tobacco is more than nicotine delivery. It contains harmaline
         | alkaloids, which among other effects, is a monoamine oxidase
         | inhibitor. Quitting a cocktail of nicotine and MAOIs, while
         | those stimulants are "treating" underlying conditions, is a
         | _way_ harder task.
         | 
         | For these folks, vaping is absolutely a step up, and allows
         | them to wean off the tobacco MAOIs, especially in conjunction
         | with treatment such as bupropion.
        
           | Nav_Panel wrote:
           | Yep -- this is how I use my vape, to reduce my overall MAOI
           | intake. And I started smoking to begin with for the
           | antidepressant effects (which it's surprisingly effective
           | at).
           | 
           | Were I to switch to vaping alone, it would be far easier to
           | quit, mainly because the nature of conditioning relating to a
           | vaping habit (hitting my juul at my desk) is very distinct
           | from cigarettes (going on the roof and having a smoke
           | triggered by certain events). The latter is far more
           | "attached" to specific event triggers and lasts a specific
           | amount of time, while the former is a more "ambient" act with
           | much less habituality attached.
        
         | stjohnswarts wrote:
         | n=1 is only a new data point. If vaping helps someone else then
         | I'm all for it, if they can sub it out for smoking, it really
         | does seem to be a better option if people don't use cheap
         | ingredients and companies.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | The most harmful part of smoking is the smoke, not the
         | addiction to nicotine. The critical thing to do is to get
         | people off the actual smoke. However they achieve that safely,
         | including with nicotine vaping, should be supported.
        
           | nurb wrote:
           | Nicotine is harmful for your mind more than your body. Every
           | time the need to smoke appears, it replace everything you had
           | in mind, to the point that the only thing you can think of is
           | <<Damn I need to go to smoke>>.
           | 
           | To me this is by far worst than any potential cancer risk.
           | 
           | (I smoked for 15 years and stopped 3 years ago, if that
           | precision can add any value)
           | 
           | EDT: Juste to add that realizing this gives you motivation
           | when you quit. And the freedom gained is also rewarding.
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | > Nicotine is harmful for your mind more than your body.
             | Every time the need to smoke appears...
             | 
             | Right but you don't need smoke for nicotine - that's the
             | point.
             | 
             | Nicotine is still harmful, but it isn't as lethal as smoke.
             | 
             | And more critically - smoke is dangerous to people around
             | you, while nicotine is just your problem alone. If we can
             | get people off smoke but still on nicotine, that's better
             | for everyone.
        
             | dntrkv wrote:
             | > To me this is by far worst than any potential cancer
             | risk.
             | 
             | I think anti-smoking/vaping organizations should put more
             | focus on this. I never realized how much this aspect of
             | nicotine takes over your life.
             | 
             | Personally, my thought process was always something like:
             | Lung cancer and all those other health effects are scary
             | and all, but they're gonna happen decades from now, and I'm
             | gonna quit by then so it doesn't matter.
             | 
             | Whereas focusing on the immediate effects of nicotine
             | addiction and how it drives your day-to-day life, that's
             | not talked about enough.
        
         | alsetmusic wrote:
         | > My main point why it was easy for me to quit finally, I hated
         | to be controlled by an chemical. A chemical that has control
         | over my brain? No way anymore! I've destroyed this beast. I am
         | a free man!
         | 
         | I quit for seven years. It was one of the hardest things I've
         | done. Starting again was the worst decision of my life, but I
         | was in crisis at the time. Quitting a second time, with full
         | knowledge of the first, is even more daunting. I'm happy to
         | have something in between while I try to reduce dependence.
         | 
         | Saying that vaping is not a legitimate path toward reducing the
         | harm of cigarettes is like saying there's no use for the patch
         | or nicotine gum. They're better than smoking, even if a crutch.
        
       | wyuenho wrote:
       | Is that why a while back HN is full of articles supposedly
       | extolling benefits of nicotine?
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | A little more R&D into the ingredients of vape products could
       | have eliminated or reduced so many of the health concerns.
       | 
       | I really wonder why industry didn't do that. No industry wants
       | their own products to be banned or legislated about by regulators
       | - and paying a few more scientists to find replacements for
       | ingredients that cause lung cancer would seem like a no-brainer.
        
       | Traster wrote:
       | This seems to be just standard procedure for any company
       | operating in a health related sector. Maybe the scale is
       | different, but any competent regulator would be aware of these
       | types of relationships and should be adjusting for selection bias
       | in their evaluation.
        
         | counternotions wrote:
         | This is all fair game for Juul, and merely serves as a
         | distraction by the media. Modern capitalism enforces no moral
         | responsibilities on companies besides enriching its
         | shareholders. The academic system has long been exploited by
         | these same players and left standing as a shell.
        
       | The_rationalist wrote:
       | I never understood why smoke users don't use metal chelators,
       | that would remove a lot of a the toxicity/carcinogenesis
        
       | mik09 wrote:
       | (scihub all the way)
        
       | Gatsky wrote:
       | Juul is a company selling mind control juice to children, and is
       | being advised by Big Tobacco, the most morally despicable
       | industry in the world. They cannot be trusted, not at all, and
       | this shameless fake journal issue is a perfect example straight
       | out of the Big Tobacco playbook.
        
       | petercooper wrote:
       | Before I start I note that I'm old enough to do what I want and I
       | have no other habits/vices, but don't vape, kids ;-)
       | 
       | So I, a total non-smoker, started experimenting with nicotine a
       | few weeks ago. First I tried gum which did nothing but give me an
       | itchy throat. Then I bought a vaping device and some juices. Why?
       | I think I'm low in dopamine (I am not depressed, though) and had
       | read nicotine provides a temporary boost (until you get hooked)
       | and I was intrigued to feel the difference.
       | 
       | I can't really tell what's happening. I like the taste and mouth
       | feel of the smoke but the nicotine itself is a bust. Perhaps a
       | very mild caffeine-esque feeling at a push. It hasn't proven
       | addictive as it's been sat out in my car untouched for the past
       | four days! Perhaps the nicest sensation is that of taking a truly
       | deep breath.. but that feels just as good without the vape!
       | 
       | I remain intrigued what this means and hope to speak to someone
       | medical about it one day. There's nicotine because it stings the
       | throat if you hold it there (versus a zero nicotine juice) but
       | whatever this amazing sensation people get has clearly passed my
       | receptors by.
        
         | grawprog wrote:
         | >I quite like the taste and mouth feel of the smoke but the
         | nicotine itself is a bust. Perhaps a very mild caffeine-esque
         | feeling at a push? It hasn't proven addictive as it's been sat
         | out in my car untouched for the past four days!
         | 
         | As someone who stupidly started smoking later in life, that's
         | pretty much how it goes. Nicotine addiction isn't like on TV
         | where you smoke a cigarette or puff a vape and suddenly you're
         | hooked. It's a slow process you find yourself doing more and
         | more often until you realize one day, it's every day all the
         | time.
        
           | axaxs wrote:
           | I'll add to that - I never found nicotine that addictive.
           | Some grogginess, a little on edge, gone before you know it.
           | 
           | What's hard to quit are the motor memories/habits. Get in the
           | car, reach for your ... wait no we quit that. You start
           | realizing how many little habits you have that way.
        
             | grawprog wrote:
             | This is the hardest part. This and being around people who
             | smoke. You get used to those times when you have a smoke,
             | or socializing with people who're smoking. Even just having
             | your smokes in your pocket or something becomes one of
             | those things.
        
           | petercooper wrote:
           | If that's the case, I'll ditch the nicotine juices and enjoy
           | the zero nic ones on a rare occasion then. The smoke/flavor
           | part is amusing, but as a drug, I'm not seeing the appeal.
           | Sugar or caffeine has a more noticeable effect.
        
             | grawprog wrote:
             | I'm only speaking from my own personal experience.
             | Everyone's different, bit i definitely found nicotine to be
             | a slow building thing. I never found it all that great.
             | Like you say, it's not much different than a cup of coffee
             | or something, maybe not even as strong and that's almost
             | why you don't tend to notice when it becomes a habit. It's
             | really subtle.
        
           | qvrjuec wrote:
           | I've also heard similar experiences from heroin users when
           | talking about their path to addiction. A real negative of
           | anti-drug/smoking education is the hyperbole used when
           | describing how addictive and amazing the substance is. When
           | the user tries it and finds that their first hit is kind
           | of... underwhelming, at least compared to everything they've
           | heard, it's easier for them to say "eh, I'll never get
           | addicted. I can do this casually" until, whammo - they're
           | hooked.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | I smoked a variety of tobacco products for years and never got
         | anything out of it either, so it may be that some people just
         | don't work with it. I quit trying long before vaping became a
         | thing but I would expect similar results.
         | 
         | I did end up moving to dip (Skoal) however and that worked. It
         | was never more than a minor buzz but at least it did something.
         | For me it was incredibly relaxing. I quit dip years ago as well
         | but I still find myself with urges to put one in while driving,
         | and especially after meals. Highly addictive stuff and you
         | don't even see it coming.
         | 
         | If you're thinking of trying it though, it is _really_ easy to
         | overdo it and end up dizzy or sick. This is especially true on
         | your first dip. If you 're going to try it, take a small pinch
         | first! If you overdo it, lie down and take a nap and sleep it
         | off.
        
           | petercooper wrote:
           | Tobacco doesn't appeal to me so I won't be likely to go down
           | that route, but it's interesting to hear your experience.
           | 
           | The only thing I've ever taken that's given me a true buzz
           | plus relaxation is doxylamine which is a common OTC sleep aid
           | in the US. The only problem is shortly thereafter it also
           | knocks me out well into the next day so isn't exactly
           | something to take with any regularity(!)
        
         | vizzier wrote:
         | Interesting thoughts. Some back for you from an ex smoker: I'm
         | not entirely sure that the feeling would be described as
         | amazing. When smoking Cigarettes I'd get a mild "buzz" nothing
         | so strong as cannabis or alcohol in its effects, but
         | noticeable. Probably something akin in strength to a strong
         | coffee. I was unable to replicate that 'buzz' with a vape pen
         | that I used while attempting to give up. However, I have to
         | draw a difference between that feeling of buzz from the direct
         | chemical effects from the feeling of relief of having your
         | addiction fulfilled. The latter maybe the more extreme, the
         | craving of nicotine is a near constant building tension that is
         | released with that next cigarette.
         | 
         | Apart from yourself others have noted the meditative aspects of
         | cigarette smoking. Beside the chemical addition aspect when
         | giving up smoking you're losing a ritualistic break where you
         | can spend a few minutes away from what you're currently doing,
         | usually alone, to do a deep breathing exercise. This ritual is
         | often a contributor to the difficulties in giving up.
        
         | zeroego wrote:
         | Have unfortunately been a smoker on and off for a while. Am
         | currently using a Juul and have successfully been winding down
         | my nicotine dependence again. They way I initially got hooked
         | was in college. I would not mix alcohol with your nicotine
         | experience. You'll feel it much more acutely. I've also
         | read/heard that people with ADHD are far more susceptible to
         | nicotine addiction FWIW.
        
         | beowulfey wrote:
         | I have never smoked, but the impression I had was that
         | sensation of relief happens _after_ you become addicted. When
         | addicted but not smoking, you feel withdrawal effects that are
         | diminished in a quick surge upon smoking again.
         | 
         | Not feeling anything is good...
        
         | klyrs wrote:
         | I think I'm sensitive to nicotine; ymmv on actual effects. If I
         | smoke a cigarette, it gives me a dizzy buzz, nausea, shakes,
         | sweats... and that doesn't go away even if I smoke regularly
         | for months. I wouldn't call it "relief" of any sort. I usually
         | quit after a couple of weeks, and stay off for years, but I've
         | been addicted since I was in high school. My last stint was
         | because I'd read that nicotine can moderate stress... but I've
         | found that stepping outside for a quick walk and _not_ smoking
         | is even better.
        
         | w0de0 wrote:
         | As a nicotine addict I caution you against assuming addiction
         | is not looming. In my experience the onset of nicotine
         | addiction is sudden and consuming.
         | 
         | For some time, perhaps, you smoke or vape merely socially,
         | experimentally, after a whisky at a party. Then, suddenly,
         | perhaps after one too many the night before, ferocious
         | withdrawal threatens. It is not a slow process, but a sudden
         | toggle.
        
           | w0de0 wrote:
           | I will also add that in my experience a nicotine high only
           | exists when consuming a large amount before you have
           | developed a tolerance. I believe most addicts do not get real
           | pleasure, either.
        
       | legulere wrote:
       | We should just take it at face value: make Juul a medical product
       | that you need to get prescribed to get away from cigarettes.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | has anyone worked on nicotine-analogues that might be less
       | addictive?
        
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