[HN Gopher] A new brain implant automatically detects and kills ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A new brain implant automatically detects and kills pain in real
       time
        
       Author : WaitWaitWha
       Score  : 124 points
       Date   : 2021-07-06 19:10 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (singularityhub.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (singularityhub.com)
        
       | warent wrote:
       | I always feel so confused by--and skeptical of--these kinds of
       | brain implant technologies.
       | 
       | It says: "The chip then automatically triggers a light beam to
       | stimulate the region, activating neurons that can override pain
       | signals."
       | 
       | Isn't that potentially stimulating millions or even hundreds of
       | millions of neurons? We don't know what each individual neuron is
       | doing. How is it possible to do this without causing bizarre
       | malfunctions of the brain at best, or completely lobotomizing
       | someone at worst?
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | It sounds like they depend on the smoke test, doesn't it?
         | Despite the huge advancements in biological sciences, when I
         | get interested in something and read about it I would encounter
         | the "We don't know why exactly it works but it works" much more
         | often than I am used to. It feels so wrong.
        
           | meepmorp wrote:
           | Life follows a simple set of rules with an extensive set of
           | exceptions.
        
         | letswim420 wrote:
         | Don't have access to the PDF but they might be using
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optogenetics
         | 
         | This requires genetically engineered mice, which is why they
         | only have this working for mice?
        
           | jahabrewer wrote:
           | Article specifically says they use optogenetics.
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | The brain is far more robust than often assumed. Read up on
         | Anatoli Bugorski for example. He had rather significant brain
         | damage yet there was virtually no damage to his intellectual
         | capacity. He did suffer from seizures after the accident, but
         | that's about it.
         | 
         | These kinds of implants have serious risks including infections
         | etc, but for people with long term chronic pain there are few
         | options.
        
           | BizarroLand wrote:
           | I've seen a few instances where pain management becomes the
           | overall deciding factor in peoples' day to day life.
           | 
           | "I can't go to work and feed my family because everything
           | hurts so bad" can become a common statement for these people.
           | In addition, addiction to painkillers, spending a huge
           | percentage of your income at compounding pharmacies, and
           | turning to illegal and possibly dangerous drugs to save a
           | buck or to fill the gap between your needs and the insurance
           | companies' coverage are all issues that a non-chemical pain
           | management system like this could solve.
           | 
           | I'm sure it's dangerous and weird to toy with your brain but
           | for many people in America alone the risk would be more than
           | worth the reward.
        
             | goldenkey wrote:
             | As a chronic pain sufferer,
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosa basically
             | saved my life.
             | 
             | The DEA tried to ban it a few years ago but too many cancer
             | patients testified before Congress how well it worked
             | compared to the prescription opioids. The DEA was forced to
             | bow out.
             | 
             | The cool thing about Mitragyna speciosa is that it's a
             | tree, a pretty hardy one. In my experience, the older trees
             | have more potent leaves, but ideally, one could plant this
             | tree in their backyard and never have to worry about being
             | dependent on outside help for their pain ever again. You
             | just dry the leaves and make tea from them.
        
             | after_care wrote:
             | I'd also like to add that this new technology could
             | actually have an impact on a smaller percentage of the body
             | than pharmaceuticals do.
        
           | hellbannedguy wrote:
           | I am so glad they are actively working on alleviating pain.
           | 
           | I know a guy who had horrid back pain. He was ok with opoids.
           | He even admitted they reduced his pain, but he just felt
           | better about life being on them.
           | 
           | His doctor just decided to not prescribe opoids for any
           | reason.
           | 
           | My friend is miserable now, and takes too much Ibuprofen.
        
             | orthecreedence wrote:
             | > His doctor just decided to not prescribe opoids for any
             | reason.
             | 
             | From my unerstanding, you can only take them for about a
             | week before they become addictive, and that in itself is
             | fine, but they become less and less effective as time goes
             | on as well. You've got to take more and more to get the
             | same effect.
             | 
             | Opioids are really only good for short-term pain. Also,
             | doctors are really under the gun right now because they
             | have been overprescribing opioids for years and a non-
             | trivial segment of the population (at least in the US) is
             | addicted to them.
        
               | superduperycomb wrote:
               | I hope your friend can seek another doctor if this is
               | debilitating. Empathy doesn't always get a fair voice in
               | prescribing guidelines / decisions
        
             | vultour wrote:
             | Any reason for ibuprofen instead of paracetamol? Ibuprofen
             | can damage your gastrointestinal tract.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | Paracetamol can damage your liver. Neither are great
               | options to take too much of.
        
         | ErikVandeWater wrote:
         | Humans are capable of building nano-lasers in the lab as of
         | 2009: https://www.technologyreview.com/2009/08/17/210962/the-
         | small...
        
         | xkcd-sucks wrote:
         | >The BMI decodes the onset of nociception via a state-space
         | model on the basis of the analysis of online-sorted spikes
         | recorded from the anterior cingulate cortex (which is critical
         | for pain processing) and couples real-time pain detection with
         | optogenetic activation of the prelimbic prefrontal cortex
         | (which exerts top-down nociceptive regulation). In rats
         | 
         | >Example ChR2 expression in the prelimbic PFC.
         | Highmagnification (100x) view of the expression of YFP-ChR2 in
         | the prelimbic PFC demonstrated the co-staining of pyramidal
         | neuron markers (CaMKII) with YFP. Arrows point to examples of
         | co-stained neurons.
         | 
         | (from abstract and supplementary info, scihub is kind of down)
         | 
         | On their own (generally speaking!), very few neurons "respond"
         | to low intensity light. "Optogenetics" stuff like this inserts
         | a gene encoding a light sensitive ion channel in order to make
         | cells responsive to a specific wavelength of light.
         | 
         | So there's two types of targeting here: Targeting gene
         | expression to a certain population of cells, and then spatially
         | targeting a group of those cells with the light - Blue light
         | doesn't travel very far in tissue. (Also targeting multiple
         | cell populations within a region using multiple colors of light
         | + differently sensitive proteins).
         | 
         | Of course your comment still stands - Presumably not _all_ the
         | CamKII-positive PFC neurons are involved in nociception, and
         | rats can 't talk about their conscious experience so the
         | answers there are limited to what questions researchers chose
         | to ask using the limited tools available.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | > _Isn 't that potentially stimulating millions or even
         | hundreds of millions of neurons? We don't know what each
         | individual neuron is doing. How is it possible to do this
         | without causing bizarre malfunctions of the brain at best, or
         | completely lobotomizing someone at worst?_
         | 
         | Many psychiatric drugs affect large parts of the brain despite
         | the drugs' efficacies being determined by their effects on much
         | smaller parts of the brain.
         | 
         | For example, some anxiolytic and antidepressant effects are
         | mediated by changes at certain serotonin-1A receptors in
         | certain parts of the brain, yet common drugs like SSRIs change
         | serotonin levels all over the brain and body.
         | 
         | You could categorize SSRI-induced activation of 5HT2C receptors
         | as a 'bizarre malfunction', as it causes increased anxiety and
         | dysphoria, which is the opposite of what you'd want if you're
         | trying to treat anxiety or depression.
         | 
         | Alcohol works like this in the body, as well.
         | 
         | I'm skeptical of most brain implants for other reasons[1],
         | though.
         | 
         | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27135696
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | bserge wrote:
         | That's how most drugs primarily affecting the brain work. Not
         | saying it's a good thing, but in the absence of better options,
         | anything is better than nothing.
        
       | krm01 wrote:
       | I wonder how healthy this actually is. Isn't pain a signal the
       | brain uses to alert you about a detected problem? Just
       | eliminating the sensation of pain could mean your body would be
       | unable to signal an issue that needs to be resolved.
        
         | jakogut wrote:
         | try:           perform_task()       except:             pass
        
         | Tarucho wrote:
         | At first I thought the same as you, but for some chronic
         | illnesses as rheumatoid arthritis where there is a lot of pain
         | but no cure, the ability to turn pain on/off as needed (and
         | under proper guidance) is probably something good.
        
         | ashes-of-sol wrote:
         | Perhaps in someone with normal pain response, sure. But there
         | are conditions which result in being in an almost constant
         | state of pain. I could see this being a very useful tool in
         | regaining some quality of life for people trying to manage
         | these conditions.
        
         | juandazapata wrote:
         | It is. Excerpt from [1]
         | 
         | > An inability to feel pain and temperature often leads to
         | repeated severe injuries. Unintentional self-injury is common
         | in people with CIPA, typically by biting the tongue, lips, or
         | fingers, which may lead to spontaneous amputation of the
         | affected area. In addition, people with CIPA heal slowly from
         | skin and bone injuries. Repeated trauma can lead to chronic
         | bone infections (osteomyelitis) or a condition called Charcot
         | joints, in which the bones and tissue surrounding joints are
         | destroyed.
         | 
         | 1: https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/congenital-
         | insens...
        
         | jliptzin wrote:
         | You don't have to completely eliminate it. Maybe someone
         | suffering from cluster headaches only has to go through a
         | migraine level of pain to realize there is a problem, not
         | suffer through childbirth level pain every time an attack comes
         | on.
        
         | WaitWaitWha wrote:
         | This is why leprosy is terrible. No pain sensation when body is
         | damaged even by the patient, themselves.
        
         | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
         | Complete elimination of pain is probably not a good idea, for
         | sure.
         | 
         | But the ability to actively shut off pain once you've
         | acknowledged the problem, or at least numb it down to it not
         | being completely debilitating, could be useful.
        
           | CountDrewku wrote:
           | >But the ability to actively shut off pain once you've
           | acknowledged the problem
           | 
           | That's not what this implant does though. It's all automatic
           | within a few seconds which implies that you'd never be able
           | to discern life threatening pain from stubbing your toe. It
           | seems you'd receive an extremely short lived pain signal (if
           | any) and then it'd be gone.
           | 
           | You'd have to give manual control to the individual for your
           | suggestion to work and that comes with its own issues of
           | "abuse"
           | 
           | >Once it detects an electrical signal that suggests "pain
           | found," it sends the information to the "sleeper agent," a
           | computer chip implanted in the front part of the brain. The
           | chip then automatically triggers a light beam to stimulate
           | the region, activating neurons that can override pain
           | signals.
        
           | Osiris wrote:
           | I recently had a very large kidney stone and let me tell
           | you... It was bad enough to make me vomit. In cases like this
           | it would be great to be able to self-medicate the pain.
           | 
           | However, I can also see how it could be abused to say "ah,
           | it's not that bad" and not have the problem resolved. In my
           | case, it could lead to permanent kidney damage.
        
             | throwanem wrote:
             | I had a 5mm stone in late 2018. Even if a therapy based on
             | this research had existed at that time, I doubt anyone
             | would have suggested brain surgery when I presented with an
             | acute abdomen at the ER. Granted I did end up having to
             | have surgery for another stone the following year, but that
             | surgery definitely did not have anything to do with my
             | brain beyond anesthesia. That's not really the end of a
             | human in which urologists specialize, you know?
             | 
             | It'd be one thing if I had a pre-existing chronic pain
             | condition for which I'd already had such an implant
             | installed, but even in that case I'd have to have enough
             | access to ongoing care to have someone I could call and say
             | "this hurts in a way that's new." The implant itself would
             | need the same kind of management as does a pacemaker or
             | ICD, I imagine. So it seems not tremendously likely that
             | the scenario you describe would play out in practice.
             | 
             | (In any case, I'm good enough at withstanding pain that I
             | waited two full days before deciding it was time to go to
             | the ER, and even at that raised the mild suspicion of the
             | doctor who attended me on the basis of how I _wasn 't_
             | screaming, vomiting, swearing, or otherwise showing much of
             | anything beyond being pale and dehydrated. If it hadn't
             | been for CT results unquestionably showing the calculus, I
             | might've had some trouble with being misidentified as a
             | drug seeker. So I'm not super sure the implant poses much
             | more of a risk for inadvertent self-harm, you know? If I'd
             | been in a worse way than I was, I could well have lost a
             | kidney entirely through sheer stubbornness, no brain
             | implant required.)
        
           | collyw wrote:
           | Meditation can do this to an extent.
        
         | root_axis wrote:
         | Sometimes this would be preferable to the alternative.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | silverlight wrote:
       | Reminds me of The Terminal Man
        
         | AdmiralAsshat wrote:
         | Reminded me of Darkman, personally.
        
       | bootmagic wrote:
       | Sounds similar to what Saluda medical does.
        
       | jacobwilliamroy wrote:
       | Yesterday I visited a friend with late stage cancer. He hasn't
       | eaten or drunk anything for a few days. He doesn't really talk or
       | move around anymore. I was just thinking a system like this would
       | be perfect for him, if he could activate his morphine pump every
       | time he feels pain. It's hard for his family to tell when they
       | need to push the morphine button right now because he's non-
       | verbal.
        
         | bserge wrote:
         | Late stage meaning incurable? If that's the prognosis, why not
         | just end their suffering?
        
         | jcims wrote:
         | I don't know how well you know his family, but it would be good
         | for them to get some advice from others that have been in that
         | situation. I was in their shoes last year and it was incredibly
         | stressful. I came out of it with a much clearer perspective.
        
       | 29athrowaway wrote:
       | Just by controlling pain you can control a person. If you implant
       | a chip into a person that can remotely cause pain, you now have
       | an electronic torture device, a torture device that does not
       | leave marks.
        
       | l1n wrote:
       | Source paper: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-021-00736-7
        
       | voidnullnil wrote:
       | Guess how can I tell this thread is bait without even opening it.
        
       | deeviant wrote:
       | > For now, the device has only been tested in rats.
       | 
       | Right, I'll be sure to check back in 10-15 years.
        
         | collyw wrote:
         | That's better than the covid vaccines!
        
           | TheCoelacanth wrote:
           | Is this supposed to be a joke? The vaccines had extensive
           | human and animal testing.
        
             | Caylio wrote:
             | "extensive"
        
       | sturza wrote:
       | If we're not in pain, we're not alive.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | sturza wrote:
         | I think of pain as A signal, not the only one. So, to correct
         | my assertion, i would say that we're not alive with the set of
         | signals we have now. Then i would consider that alive means
         | that we experience the same signals. BUT that means that a
         | blind person is not alive. My initial statement is not accurate
         | now.
        
         | Sr_developer wrote:
         | Hell no! Pain is one of the biggest causes of human suffering.
         | Having said that, until something better is "invented" pain is
         | absolutely necessary, all those people who cannot feel or have
         | a high tolerance to pain are always hurting themselves
         | involuntarily. You lose your feedback signal.
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | > If we're not in pain, we're not alive.
         | 
         | That's a silly assertion. Pain isn't a hallmark of life--
         | physical, mental, or otherwise. There's no 'merit' to it.
         | 
         | There are plenty of organisms without pain receptors that are
         | definitely alive.
         | 
         | Pain doesn't correlate with how alive we are or the worth of
         | our lives. Chronic pain sufferers would certainly rather not
         | have pain.
        
           | collyw wrote:
           | It's often said about suffering, which pain is a subset of.
        
           | bobmichael wrote:
           | Your assertion is equally as silly though. Pain is not
           | necessary for life, but it definitely has a lot of merit as a
           | survival mechanism and danger signal.
        
           | austinjp wrote:
           | Buddhists might disagree, although there's a distinction
           | between pain and suffering.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Noble_Truths
        
         | user-the-name wrote:
         | I'm sure chronic pain sufferers will feel much better knowing
         | that.
        
       | codeulike wrote:
       | ... in mice
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/justsaysinmice
        
         | 411111111111111 wrote:
         | Did you expect them to start testing it on humans before mice?
        
           | codeulike wrote:
           | No but I expect the 'in mice' to be part of the headline
           | because its quite an important detail
        
       | xwdv wrote:
       | I wonder if there's any point in using this for military
       | applications.
        
         | isuckatcoding wrote:
         | Have you watched the Manchurian Candidate?
        
         | qayxc wrote:
         | Pain is a vitally important function of the central nervous
         | system. Children born without the ability to feel pain
         | (congenital insensitivity to pain and anhydrosis/HSAN IV)
         | rarely live to puberty.
         | 
         | There's very little to be gained from an implant that
         | continuously supresses pain in an otherwise healthy person. It
         | dramatically increases the risk of dying from preventable
         | infections or permanently damaging tissue, bones and ligaments
         | due to overburdening, untreated lesions or fractures.
         | 
         | It'd basically decrease combat readiness in the long run.
        
         | polypodiopsi wrote:
         | Zynically this instantly came to my mind, too.
        
       | yewenjie wrote:
       | I'm curious, what are the preventive precautions to be taken to
       | minimize the chances of chronic pain altogether?
        
       | papito wrote:
       | There is a neural disorder where people can't feel pain, and it's
       | hell. You live your life wrapped in protective gear.
        
         | BoxOfRain wrote:
         | I'm sure there's a middle ground between our default level of
         | evolutionary baggage and no pain at all though. I wouldn't mind
         | keeping burns and broken bones being painful, but I'd love to
         | do away with minor annoyances like stinging nettles, wasps, and
         | things like that.
         | 
         | Also being able to turn off pain to a specific problematic area
         | would be nice too, I have a permanent headache from a
         | neurological issue and it'd save me a lot on the quantities of
         | CBD that goes into keeping that at bay!
        
           | anotherman554 wrote:
           | Imagine if you could turn down pain like hitting the snooze
           | button on an alarm. "Yes, I know my bone has been broken and
           | I'm working on addressing it, please snooze all pain signals
           | from that area for an hour."
        
           | shkkmo wrote:
           | I think the useful distinction is between acute pain, which
           | is generally very useful, and chronic pain, which has huge
           | negative effects with no known upside.
        
             | icelandicmoss wrote:
             | Agree. I recently read Pain is Really Strange (Steve
             | Haines) and it was such a perspective shift on my
             | understanding of how different the two are. (The
             | illustrations are fantastic as well.)
             | 
             | https://uk.singingdragon.com/products/pain-is-really-
             | strange
        
         | omgwtfbbq wrote:
         | Don't think thats the intent here. Rather to help treat people
         | with debilitating chronic pain.
        
         | ArnoVW wrote:
         | If memory serves, this is also why leprosy sufferers often miss
         | extremities. Their nerves are cut by the initial bacterial
         | infection, and repeated (unnoticed) cuts so the rest.
        
       | cglong wrote:
       | This reminds me of an episode of Black Mirror. The teenager has
       | an implant that causes stressors to be blurred out, preventing
       | anxiety.
       | 
       | <spoilers> During a fight, she starts hitting her mom and,
       | because of the involved stress, she's unable to see the physical
       | damage she's causing, ultimately murdering her. </spoilers>
       | 
       | If this was implemented broadly, it'd very quickly lead to
       | reckless/dangerous behavior.
        
         | canada_dry wrote:
         | Eliminating pain != eliminating stress
         | 
         | Though more broadly your point is likely correct that it will
         | change _some people 's_ behaviour to do dangerous/stupid things
         | because there's no negative feedback.
        
       | varispeed wrote:
       | > What's especially neat is that the stimulated brain region
       | normally doesn't generate any sense of euphoria, the downfall of
       | opioids. This means it's likely to decrease the chance of
       | addiction.
       | 
       | Ok, this is such a nonsense. Addiction is not caused by euphoria
       | - it's caused because people can't stop taking it because of
       | nasty withdrawals. Now, when you are using it for chronic pain,
       | you don't usually feel any euphoria, but pain relief. I've been
       | using prescribed opioids for years and I am really anxious about
       | doctors falling for this kind of messaging. If I had my
       | prescription stopped, that would be the end of life for me.
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | How is it perceived? As a cessation of pain? Or like early users
       | of morphine described, "There's a pain in the room somewhere but
       | I'm not sure it's mine."
        
       | iseethroughbs wrote:
       | The article speaks about using this as a way to escape addiction
       | to painkillers. Not so fast.
       | 
       | Addiction is a phenomenon that predominantly happens in the
       | brain, due to it constantly adapting to find homeostasis. And
       | being unable to perceive pain when you should be is not
       | homeostasis.
        
         | ad404b8a372f2b9 wrote:
         | Opioid addiction is not like other addiction mechanisms. After
         | prolonged use the gastrointestinal system is ravaged and when
         | people want to stop they find themselves plagued not only with
         | withdrawals symptoms but also by incredible abdominal pain, so
         | they take more opioids, which worsens the pain, which requires
         | more opioids to alleviate , which worsens the gastrointestinal
         | damage and subsequent pain, and so on... It's a vicious circle
         | called narcotic bowel syndrome, taking away the pain would go a
         | long way to solving this issue.
         | 
         | source: Am heavy opioid user
        
         | canadianfella wrote:
         | What's your point?
        
         | bawolff wrote:
         | It definitely didn't work well in that star trek episode where
         | garak gets addicted to his pain implant.
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/ESo8MM01Qv8
        
         | Jarwain wrote:
         | Couldn't this cause addiction to the implant instead? Or really
         | nasty "withdrawals" if the implant is removed?
         | 
         | Wouldn't be very different to opioids or painkillers; just
         | different mechanisms if action for similar phenomenon
        
           | alisonkisk wrote:
           | FTA:
           | 
           | > What's especially neat is that the stimulated brain region
           | normally doesn't generate any sense of euphoria, the downfall
           | of opioids. This means it's likely to decrease the chance of
           | addiction. And because the system only stimulates the brain
           | when it detects pain signals, it lowers the chance the brain
           | adapts to the stimulation.
        
           | hn8788 wrote:
           | Yeah, seems like you could get "spoiled" by it and lack the
           | mental resiliance to tolerate any pain if it's removed.
        
         | maybeOneDay wrote:
         | I think it means avoiding prescription of addictive substances
         | rather than helping addicts. Unless I'm reading your comment
         | wrong?
        
       | nszceta wrote:
       | The Hedonistic Imperative outlines how genetic engineering and
       | nanotechnology will abolish suffering in all sentient life.
       | 
       | The abolitionist project is hugely ambitious but technically
       | feasible. It is also instrumentally rational and morally urgent.
       | The metabolic pathways of pain and malaise evolved because they
       | served the fitness of our genes in the ancestral environment.
       | They will be replaced by a different sort of neural architecture
       | - a motivational system based on heritable gradients of bliss.
       | States of sublime well-being are destined to become the
       | genetically pre-programmed norm of mental health. It is predicted
       | that the world's last unpleasant experience will be a precisely
       | dateable event.
       | 
       | Two hundred years ago, powerful synthetic pain-killers and
       | surgical anesthetics were unknown. The notion that physical pain
       | could be banished from most people's lives would have seemed
       | absurd. Today most of us in the technically advanced nations take
       | its routine absence for granted. The prospect that what we
       | describe as psychological pain, too, could ever be banished is
       | equally counter-intuitive. The feasibility of its abolition turns
       | its deliberate retention into an issue of social policy and
       | ethical choice.
       | 
       | https://www.hedweb.com/
        
         | dantondwa wrote:
         | Brave New World was meant to be a dystopia, not a model to
         | follow!
        
         | scandox wrote:
         | > it is also instrumentally rational
         | 
         | How is it meaningful to say that a goal or project is
         | instrumentally rational? It may be instrumentally rational to
         | pursue a goal or project without regard to the means and only
         | focusing on the ends...In other words the people executing it
         | are instrumentally rational. But surely the thing itself cannot
         | be said to "instrumentally rational" - what would that even
         | mean? The goal is the goal. That is a value judgement that can
         | be pursued in an instrumentally rational manner, but cannot
         | itself be anything other than a goal valued by someone.
        
         | imwillofficial wrote:
         | Leave it to modern man to think we can rearchitect something so
         | fundamental as pain and pleasure in the human experience
         | without disastrous results.
        
           | educaysean wrote:
           | Let's think about the internet. Let's think about how it
           | enables us to achieve instant communication all around the
           | globe and freely share and distribute knowledge too great to
           | hold in one's brain. I'd say the modern men are more than
           | capable of overcoming biological barriers once thought to be
           | fundamentally impossible to achieve.
           | 
           | It might be a fairly rough road to get there, but I'm certain
           | our understanding of how our brains perceive pain and
           | pleasure will be dramatically different in a 100 years, and
           | it'll be for the better.
        
         | arsome wrote:
         | > Two hundred years ago, powerful synthetic pain-killers and
         | surgical anesthetics were unknown.
         | 
         | But opium sure as hell wasn't! And it seems to check most of
         | your suggested boxes too, however I don't think it makes for a
         | good society, perhaps you should consider why, because it's
         | pretty much what you're suggesting.
         | 
         | Why enjoy social interaction? Why enjoy arts? Why learn things?
         | You'd be perfectly happy with more magic hedonism pills.
         | Unpleasantness, and yes, pain is as important a part of being
         | as any other part.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | matt_heimer wrote:
         | > The notion that physical pain could be banished from most
         | people's lives would have seemed absurd. Today most of us in
         | the technically advanced nations take its routine absence for
         | granted.
         | 
         | LOL, that's absurd. I'm working from bed (again) because of
         | constant back pain that spikes to unbearable if I stay upright
         | for too long.
        
         | throwamon wrote:
         | > in all sentient life
         | 
         | I don't think we have to worry too much about ALL of sentient
         | life, since all that's gonna be left of it soon is humans and
         | pets and cattle.
         | 
         | > most of us in the technically advanced nations take its
         | routine absence for granted
         | 
         | The absence of pain is not the absence of issues. Unless you
         | can "solve" all (physical, psychological, societal) issues (and
         | what would "solving" most of them even mean?), you're
         | advocating for literally the cliche "treating the symptom and
         | not the cause", Brave-New-World-soma-style.
        
       | bigmattystyles wrote:
       | As someone with very mild / low-intensity chronic pain, this is
       | promising. My number one fear, limiting me, is that it will get
       | worse, despite medical assurances that it's unlikely. Tech like
       | this could remove that fear and let me live my life (though with
       | my personality, I have no doubt I will find something else to
       | fixate on). I'm working on it with current approaches, but CBT
       | and ssri's only work so well on me. I won't touch opiates with a
       | ten foot pole, though for now, I don't need them. If I ever did,
       | I'm sure my tune would change really fast.
       | 
       | I have also been hopeful of CRISPR targeting of pain, mimicking
       | those with a genetic congenital inability to feel pain.
       | https://directorsblog.nih.gov/2021/04/01/could-crispr-gene-e... I
       | am watching the progress, but when you suffer from pain and the
       | anxiety from it, nothing comes soon enough. I'm also just a
       | layman - if anyone here knows more and can comment on it, that
       | would be cool.
       | 
       | Last, be weary of snake oil when it comes to any medical
       | condition. Many are unscrupulous.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | Opioid receptor modulators are being researched as an avenue
         | for treating pain[1]. They don't cause opioid tolerance or
         | addiction, but do offer increased pain relief, and some are
         | available today like CBD, THC and other cannabinoids.
         | 
         | They seem kind of promising for pain that's alleviated well
         | with opioids versus non-opioids.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.pnas.org/content/118/16/e2000017118
        
       | mactournier wrote:
       | Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has some well-known benefits in
       | short term, in diseases such as Parkinson's (ref
       | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41582-019-0145-9). Although,
       | long term effects tend to fade in a lot of cases, and some
       | patients have permanent neurologic damage after the procedure.
       | Although exciting, there are a couple of non-surgical treatments
       | to pain that have to be tried before invasive approaches.
        
       | eplanit wrote:
       | And next comes automatic detection and nullification of thoughts
       | and feelings?
        
         | kruasan wrote:
         | Your comment is the exact plot of "The Want Machine", a story
         | by Exurb1a.
        
         | bserge wrote:
         | Only feelings. Eliminating thoughts is kind of counter-
         | productive.
        
       | hirundo wrote:
       | If this technique can relieve pain it can likely also cause it,
       | and also cause pleasure. So it has the potential to become a
       | technology for human puppetry. Or for self abuse, as in Larry
       | Niven's wireheads. It isn't hard to imagine various modern
       | regimes willing to implant control devices into prisoners,
       | criminal or political.
        
         | lumost wrote:
         | There are a lot of regulatory concerns with these technologies
         | due to this fear. Deep Brain Stimulation implants see the
         | patient growing steadily accustomed to greater levels of
         | stimulation - withdrawing the stimulation triggers deep
         | existential depression.
         | 
         | This isn't as significant of a concern with a patient who has
         | chronic untreatable major depression. But there is a legitimate
         | fear that these implants could be used to disastrous effects on
         | healthy individuals.
        
         | after_care wrote:
         | We can already cause pain or pleasure easily. This isn't
         | anything new. Think about how long the history of torture is.
        
           | hirundo wrote:
           | That's like, we can already print books, so digitizing them
           | isn't anything new. Or, we can already walk from San
           | Francisco to New York, a transcontinental railway isn't
           | anything new.
        
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