[HN Gopher] Some locals say a Bitcoin mining operation is ruinin...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Some locals say a Bitcoin mining operation is ruining one of the
       Finger Lakes
        
       Author : car
       Score  : 140 points
       Date   : 2021-07-06 14:40 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nbcnews.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nbcnews.com)
        
       | eutropia wrote:
       | What's fascinating to me about bitcoin is how much it shortens
       | the chain of transmutation between electricity and money.
       | 
       | A typical situation might involve a business or manufacturer
       | taking power, raw materials, and labor to create something of
       | value and sell it.
       | 
       | With bitcoin, anyone with sufficient capital can simply exploit
       | natural resources and turn it directly into money. It's a
       | capitalist dream: remove nearly all labor from the equation
       | leaving only capital and land (land in the Georgist sense being
       | natural resource like coal, oil, land, water, etc). I think in
       | this way it exposes market failures faster than anything else
       | since the efficiency of capital-infused actors is so high...
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | > It's a capitalist dream
         | 
         | Except it gets more difficult the more you (and others) mine.
        
         | Nursie wrote:
         | It certainly reinforces that externalities are not priced in to
         | the current energy markets!
        
         | quadrifoliate wrote:
         | (moved to the other thread at
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27749247)
        
           | brabel wrote:
           | > Bitcoin is driving people towards more environmental
           | awareness.
           | 
           | WHAT? What makes you think Bitcoin is driving anything other
           | than speculation and greed?
        
             | Huwyt_Nashi052 wrote:
             | Profit. The cheaper your electricity, the higher your
             | margins.
             | 
             | The greenies won't care to admit it but Bitcoin has finally
             | provided the motivation to pursue cheap, efficient,
             | reliable renewable energy where all they've ever had to
             | offer was financially-punishing "save the planet" vibes.
             | 
             | Depending on the source, 50% (+-20%) of crypto mining is
             | already powered renewably.
        
               | matheusmoreira wrote:
               | Absolutely. I have solar energy and I mine XMR with it.
               | It's nice and clean.
               | 
               | My country has an obnoxious "incentive" structure where
               | the power companies aren't actually required to pay me
               | for the energy I generate. They give me "kWh credits"
               | which expire if unused for over one year. So I have no
               | reason to generate more energy than I need.
               | 
               | Cryptocurrency changed everything. It allowed me to sink
               | my surplus energy production into proof-of-work. I get
               | paid for it and get to support an amazing project like
               | Monero.
        
               | rspeele wrote:
               | > The cheaper your electricity, the higher your margins.
               | 
               | Isn't that true for _every_ user of electricity?
        
             | ohhhhhh wrote:
             | Theres a literal incentive for bitcoin miners to find the
             | cheapest use of energy possible. Literally pushing the
             | technology to find efficiencies
        
             | quadrifoliate wrote:
             | That was not well phrased, I apologize. The sentence should
             | have been "These absurd scenarios involving Bitcoin are
             | driving people towards more environmental awareness".
             | Pretty much _all_ the mentions of Bitcoin I have heard
             | within my social circle have been about the environmental
             | impact. People think it 's absurd that we are literally
             | converting energy into money!
             | 
             | Does it sound more plausible / correct with that phrasing?
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | > These absurd scenarios involving Bitcoin are driving
               | people towards more environmental awareness
               | 
               | It is better to turn it around:
               | 
               | Those with environmental awareness are shocked by the
               | absurdity of Bitcoin.
        
               | 411111111111111 wrote:
               | And there are _a lot_ of people around which don 't
               | "believe" in climate change.
        
             | Huwyt_Nashi051 wrote:
             | Profit. The cheaper your electricity, the higher your
             | margins.
             | 
             | The greenies won't care to admit it but Bitcoin has finally
             | provided the motivation to pursue cheap, efficient,
             | reliable renewable energy where all they've ever had to
             | offer was financially-punishing "save the planet" vibes.
             | 
             | Depending on the source, 50% (+-20%) of crypto mining is
             | already powered renewably.
        
       | data_spy wrote:
       | I hate it when people claim jobs or work trump citizens rights. A
       | minor example of this, why should developers and construction
       | sites close sidewalks and car lanes?
        
         | kristopolous wrote:
         | The jobs argument can be made for just about anything. People
         | use it when nothing else is valid.
         | 
         | Everything creates jobs. Car crashes, wild fires, drug dealing,
         | sex trafficking, aerial bombing campaigns, it means nothing.
         | Exxon Valdez was the greatest job creator of any ship that
         | sailed that year.
         | 
         | When people say "jobs jobs jobs" just stop listening.
         | Seriously, just walk away. They're saying it's of no value
         | whatsoever and they have to fall back on perennial truisms
        
           | frankbreetz wrote:
           | The argument for closing roads and sidewalks is not "jobs,
           | jobs, jobs" It is "You must perform on going maintenance of
           | our infrastructure, or it is going to crumble and become
           | unusable" Do you think people just close roads so someone has
           | a job?
        
             | kristopolous wrote:
             | Nah. Closing roads is perfectly valid. Infrastructure is
             | super important. Large construction can be dangerous and
             | it's a great idea to block the public from hazardous risks
             | (like moving giant beams suspended from cranes, an accident
             | of that slipping and killing people sounds like a
             | legitimate risk)
             | 
             | I live in LA, roads get shut down for silly TV shows all
             | the time and that's fine with me as well. Entertainment is
             | important for people's happiness.
             | 
             | Jobs arguments are scams though
        
         | frankbreetz wrote:
         | What is the alternative? Sometimes you must close a road or
         | sidewalk in order to perform maintenance. This is an out of
         | touch stance.
        
           | data_spy wrote:
           | The alternative, the business pays a fee per day for lane and
           | sidewalk closures. I guarantee they will close the lanes and
           | sidewalks less often and for shorter durations.
        
             | undfg wrote:
             | I don't know how it is where you live, but that's the way
             | it works here. You pay a daily fee.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Because the fee isn't paid to them they don't notice or
               | care.
               | 
               | Much of the "solutions" provided for apparent existing
               | problems _already exist_. Some kind of analogy to the
               | Dunning-Kreuger effect is going on - any problem I don 't
               | understand is simple.
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | This is already how it works. Also, in the process of
             | applying for a permit, the city will make sure your
             | construction plan is reasonable and you're doing everything
             | you can to minimize impact to the public. I think anywhere
             | in the world with a functioning local government will be
             | similar.
        
               | bhickey wrote:
               | > anywhere in the world with a functioning local
               | government will be similar.
               | 
               | Boston does not have a functioning local government. A
               | developer in my old neighborhood blocked a sidewalk for
               | three years without a permit. Public works issued them
               | one $50 fine. The same developer also abandoned the site
               | in an effort to pressure the zoning board to allow them
               | to add floors to their plan.
        
               | notJim wrote:
               | Most places in the US do not have functioning
               | governments, to be fair, including at the national level.
        
       | NickM wrote:
       | Ars Technica did a great piece about this a couple months ago:
       | https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2021/05/private-equity-f...
       | 
       | The gist is that a private equity firm bought a defunct fossil
       | plant and are running it to power mining rigs directly, without
       | any connection to the outside power grid. Apparently this allows
       | them to do an end run around certain regulations and taxes which
       | only apply to grid-connected power plants.
       | 
       | The scariest part is that this is apparently insanely profitable
       | for them. NY is pretty progressive and it would not surprise me
       | if they crack down on this kind of thing, but other states or
       | countries seem unlikely to do that.
       | 
       | All the stories we've read lately about fossil plants shutting
       | down due to being replaced by renewables could ultimately be for
       | nothing if companies like this one buy them all up and restart
       | them.
        
         | chmod775 wrote:
         | > NY is pretty progressive and it would not surprise me if they
         | crack down on this kind of thing
         | 
         | The notion that a government which regulates and 'meddles' is
         | progressive, as opposed to being the former normal from which
         | we have departed, is historical revisionism and propaganda
         | disseminated by those who oppose this kind of government.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | CarelessExpert wrote:
         | > The scariest part is that this is apparently insanely
         | profitable for them. NY is pretty progressive and it would not
         | surprise me if they crack down on this kind of thing, but other
         | states or countries seem unlikely to do that.
         | 
         | And this is why you need a carbon tax.
         | 
         | These clowns are basically making money by turning negative
         | externalities into bitcoin. And the best way to deal with a
         | negative externality is to tax the heck out of those folks and
         | thereby either a) make the activity unprofitable, or b) use the
         | resulting revenues to plow into mitigation efforts to offset
         | the effects of the externality.
        
           | whywhywhywhy wrote:
           | Why does the answer to everything have to be a tax that
           | allows government to become even more bloated.
           | 
           | If using computing power like this is so bad just make it
           | illegal to use excessive computing power, why allow it but
           | let the government scoop up the cream.
        
             | jude- wrote:
             | > Why does the answer to everything have to be a tax that
             | allows government to become even more bloated.
             | 
             | Because assholes exist who will gladly burn the planet down
             | to make a buck.
             | 
             | > If using computing power like this is so bad just make it
             | illegal to use excessive computing power, why allow it but
             | let the government scoop up the cream.
             | 
             | Because enforcing an effective regime on capping the amount
             | of power each US resident can use for computing is
             | considerably _more_ difficult (and results in _more_ bloat)
             | than just taxing emissions.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | Carbon taxes have come up in Congress from time to time, but
           | the fossil fuel industries are much too politically
           | connected. The excuse is usually that if you tax carbon all
           | you do is move the polluters offshore, and since CO2 is a
           | global problem it doesn't solve anything. Global problems
           | need global solutions, but our international treaty systems
           | are insufficient to make progress on this pressing issue.
           | 
           | People still try, Kyoto was a heroic effort, but at the end
           | of the day the incentives to cheat are powerful and thus the
           | level of trust is very low.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > The excuse is usually that if you tax carbon all you do
             | is move the polluters offshore, and since CO2 is a global
             | problem it doesn't solve anything. Global problems need
             | global solutions, but our international treaty systems are
             | insufficient to make progress on this pressing issue.
             | 
             | Which is, of course, ridiculous.
             | 
             | They bought a coal power plant in New York, because it
             | already existed. They're not going to disassemble it and
             | transport it to China because that wouldn't be cost
             | effective, so the alternative is that it would remain
             | offline.
             | 
             | Likewise, if people buy electric cars or high MPG hybrids
             | in the US because there is a carbon tax, that reduces the
             | CO2 emitted by the US independent of what anybody else
             | does. It doesn't require any international agreement; you
             | can just do it on your own.
             | 
             | "What about global effects," you say. But that goes the
             | other way.
             | 
             | Africa doesn't buy new cars by and large, they buy used
             | cars exported from America and Europe. If the new cars
             | people buy in America or Europe become electric then
             | they'll still be electric when they're the used cars sold
             | to Africa.
             | 
             | Oil is a global commodity. If America burns less then the
             | price goes down. Which makes it cheaper for other countries
             | to independently enact a carbon tax. Which they have the
             | incentive to do because they get brownie points, and their
             | domestic population doesn't rebel against a change that
             | only keeps the price the same, and it generates revenue at
             | the expense of the (foreign) oil companies. The more
             | countries do this, the easier it is for the others to do
             | it, at the expense of oil net exporters like Saudi Arabia
             | and Russia.
             | 
             | Nothing about this requires an international agreement or
             | any kind of cooperation from anyone. Just enact a carbon
             | tax and pay the revenue back to the population as a
             | dividend. It will be extremely popular as soon as everybody
             | gets the first check and realizes that they get back more
             | than they paid because some of the money comes from oil
             | companies and other corporations (who receive none of the
             | dividend).
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | It's not too hard to imagine that there are
               | decommissioned coal fired power plants in other parts of
               | the world. Many were shut down when natural gas became
               | cheaper than coal because they were too old or in a bad
               | location for conversion to natural gas.
               | 
               | > Oil is a global commodity. If America burns less then
               | the price goes down. Which makes it cheaper for other
               | countries to independently enact a carbon tax. Which they
               | have the incentive to do because they get brownie points,
               | and their domestic population doesn't rebel against a
               | change that only keeps the price the same, and it
               | generates revenue at the expense of the (foreign) oil
               | companies. The more countries do this, the easier it is
               | for the others to do it, at the expense of oil net
               | exporters like Saudi Arabia and Russia.
               | 
               | Or those countries don't enact a carbon tax and then
               | start sucking up factories from countries that did.
               | 
               | If every country enacted the same taxes then the question
               | comes down to which country has the most lax enforcement.
               | If the enforcement is all the same then you have a
               | potential solution, but of course this is a huge ask in
               | the modern world. It's hard to get competitors to work
               | cooperatively. As long as people treat the world economy
               | like a big zero sum game this problem is basically
               | unsolvable.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | > Or those countries don't enact a carbon tax and then
               | start sucking up factories from countries that did.
               | 
               | Then you can implement tarrifs on countries that refuse
               | to implement carbon taxes.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | You can't because now they make all of your stuff. It's
               | just as much political suicide.
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | Just a few years ago, the US put a tariff on tons of
               | manufactured imports based on other concerns, and it
               | didn't turn out to be the biggest factor in the impending
               | political suicide.
        
               | ericffr wrote:
               | Unfortunately, no country would do it on its own, knowing
               | that a neighbor could have an economic advantage. By
               | making it a global problem with a global treaty, it makes
               | everyone accountable. Like the Cold War weapons race:
               | until the Arm treaty, it was going nowhere. Me and my
               | neighbors driving an electric car won't make a difference
               | until oil companies feel the pressure from international
               | laws
        
             | mirekrusin wrote:
             | Wouldn't emitting CO2 in dense forest contribute to green
             | mass gain?
        
               | lrem wrote:
               | Apparently only for a short time:
               | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/ask-the-
               | experts-d...
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Plants in general tend to be more water, mineral, and
               | light limited than CO2 limited.
        
               | mirekrusin wrote:
               | NASA seems to say yes
               | https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/carbon-dioxide-
               | fer...
        
           | josu wrote:
           | This isn't correct, they are carbon neutral.
           | 
           | https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/greenidge-
           | generatio...
        
             | mikestew wrote:
             | You're using their press release as a source? I can't tell
             | if it's intended to be ironic or serious.
        
             | henearkr wrote:
             | Why would they operate out of a gas plant if they intend to
             | be carbon neutral?
             | 
             | Either they offset it by creating green electricity
             | elsewhere, in which case they should be using that instead
             | of gas in the first place, or either they are offseting
             | using very slow "net-neutral" schemes such as agroforestry,
             | in which case the harm they do will not be compensated
             | until 30 years on.
        
           | lordnacho wrote:
           | I don't get why the law separates between connected and
           | disconnected power plants? Seems a lot less simple than just
           | saying "everyone who pollutes pays x".
           | 
           | This is also why carbon tax is gonna be a disappointment.
           | There are way too many rules surrounding it, when really
           | there should just be one carbon budget that every firm can
           | try to buy some of on equal terms.
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | I wouldn't be surprised if the law dated back to
             | electrification and specifically existed to grandfather in
             | mills that had independent electrical supplies before the
             | grid was established - like a textile mill with a water
             | wheel that hooked the axle up to a generator.
             | 
             | Remember too that AC vs. DC was very much up in the air in
             | the early days of electricity so any early investors in
             | generators would have to gamble on which standard would win
             | for transmission and some of them would end up being
             | incompatible with the grid unless they installed
             | transformers. A sane government would want to allow those
             | early adopters to keep using what they've got until it
             | breaks and not penalize those companies for investing in
             | new technology.
        
             | MisterTea wrote:
             | > I don't get why the law separates between connected and
             | disconnected power plants?
             | 
             | Assuming they made an exception for private plants that
             | belong to a campus of some sort. Many airports,
             | universitys, housing projects, water treatment facilities,
             | prisons, data centers, etc, run their own power plants
             | primarily for heating and cooling needs with the added
             | benefit of 24/7 onsite power in case of a blackout. They
             | may be grid tied and export some power but are not primary
             | grid suppliers like a utility.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | Why should those private plants get an exception? All you
               | jave done is provide a "who", not a "why".
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Partially it is a scale thing. The state only has so many
               | inspectors, so if you limit the law to large industrial
               | users you don't need to have inspectors driving around to
               | tens of thousands of tiny single-use boilers inspecting
               | them for environmental requirements they would never be
               | able to afford in the first place.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | Then it seems like scale should be part qualifying for
               | the exemption. In this case the power plant is absolutely
               | at a large enough scale that it should be regulated.
        
               | MisterTea wrote:
               | > Why should those private plants get an exception?
               | 
               | Ask the law makers who wrote it.
               | 
               | > All you jave done is provide a "who", not a "why".
               | 
               | The word "private" is the "why".
               | 
               | If you want an analogy: Do you follow food safety and
               | preparation laws or submit to inspection in your private
               | kitchen before making yourself breakfast? No. Because
               | it's private.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | You analogy is completely inaccurate and flawed.
               | "Private" commercial kitchens (e.g. on campuses)
               | absolutely have to follow food safety regulations.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | The law likely didn't consider disconnected power plants,
             | as why would such a thing exist? I guess the only reason
             | before bitcoin is a self-contained power plant to run a
             | self-contained facility, and even those (like a datacenter)
             | are often grid tied with the power plant as a backup.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | > _The law likely didn 't consider disconnected power
               | plants, as why would such a thing exist?_
               | 
               | I think the point is that why would the law make the
               | distinction anyway? Like why would it say "power plants
               | connected to a power grid pay X tax"? Why wouldn't it
               | just say "power plants pay X tax"?
               | 
               | A sibling comment points out a reasonable explanation for
               | why non-connected power plants might be exempt from tax,
               | though.
        
               | p1mrx wrote:
               | I think this is an example of capitalism finding exploits
               | in the legal system. We should try to patch this one
               | quickly.
        
               | gwright wrote:
               | Capitalism isn't exploiting anything. People make the
               | laws, people operate businesses.
               | 
               | It isn't clear to me that these concerns are absent under
               | any other system -- in fact I would argue that capitalism
               | paired with a liberal representative democracy and strong
               | individual rights is the best system for addressing any
               | concerns.
        
               | p1mrx wrote:
               | I don't think capitalism is "wrong" for finding an
               | exploit, but those liberal representative democracies
               | should realize that turning retired power plants into
               | miners is bad, and pass laws to prevent that business
               | model from working.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I don't think people realize how much of things like the
               | tax code are basically code patches to law to fix
               | exploitable bugs.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | Probably because the owners, operators, and/or
             | manufacturers of generating equipment lobbied to get
             | excluded. It's the same reason why emissions regulations
             | apply specifically to reciprocating engines only up to a
             | certain threshold of displacement per cylinder: it exempts
             | the products of Caterpillar.
        
         | p1mrx wrote:
         | Seems like a good opportunity for governments to tax their
         | carbon dioxide emissions. It would be easier to get public
         | support for a carbon tax that only targets "unproductive"
         | sources.
         | 
         | Edit: What if governments just imposed a carbon tax on all
         | crypto mining? The legal framework necessary to support that
         | could be extended to cover other carbon sources in the future.
        
           | MithrilTuxedo wrote:
           | Wouldn't it make more sense to tax fossil fuels as they leave
           | the ground?
        
             | p1mrx wrote:
             | Yes, but I think Earth's general voting population is too
             | short-sighted to support something like that.
        
             | only_as_i_fall wrote:
             | If all uses of a fossil fuel produces the exact same carbon
             | output, but my understanding is that this is almost never
             | the case.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Burning the same fuel is always going to produce the same
               | amount of CO2. Here are the amounts, for various fuels:
               | 
               | https://www.eia.gov/environment/emissions/co2_vol_mass.ph
               | p
               | 
               | You might get more or less usable energy out of it
               | depending on your efficiency, but if you're less
               | efficient you'll have to burn more fuel (hence paying
               | more tax, directly or as part of the price of fuel if
               | it's taxed at the source).
        
               | Nursie wrote:
               | But fuel is not the only use for those resources.
        
               | only_as_i_fall wrote:
               | But isn't it the case that
               | 
               | A) petroleum products are used for other purposes?
               | 
               | B) carbon capturing is used to various levels of
               | effectiveness?
               | 
               | C) there can be different levels of partial combustion?
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | All of the fuel that is burned should release roughly the
               | same amount of carbon.
               | 
               | The stuff that is turned into lubricating oils, plastics,
               | etc... will keep most of the carbon contained.
        
               | nonfamous wrote:
               | ... but will nonetheless pollute the environment in
               | differently harmful ways.
        
               | only_as_i_fall wrote:
               | What about carbon capture?
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Mostly doesn't exist.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | But if you did that then drivers would have to pay their
             | fair share instead of pretending like bitcoin actually
             | matters.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | They quite often are, but not as much as is necessary. Oil
             | tends to be taxed at refinement, but there's no such stage
             | for coal.
        
       | djrogers wrote:
       | This seems rather fishy to me. First of all, they're currently
       | running at only 18MW, and that lake has about 4 billion gallons
       | of water in it. That's not enough energy use to produce a
       | noticeable change in that much water.
       | 
       | Second problem - there are literally no lake water temperatures
       | in the article, either now or historical. The entire premise of
       | the article seems to be that locals _feel_ that it 's warmer.
       | 
       | I personally think this kind of power use for bitcoin mining is
       | wasteful and should be heavily taxed, but c'mon man - how about
       | the reporter does a _little_ bit of journalism?
        
       | ww520 wrote:
       | There were some discussion among people who want to invest in
       | solar farms. A major hurdle is the interconnection into the grid.
       | There're lots of regulation and large fee to transmit electricity
       | through the gird. From the people who have done it, they just
       | chose not to connect to the grid but sell the electricity
       | directly to the local users, like a local plant. It's quite
       | lucrative with all the tax credits and the sales of green credits
       | while the electricity income was minuscule in comparison. The
       | limitation is they have to be near some major electric users and
       | totally relying on the few users.
       | 
       | With bitcoin mining, it's possible to run a solar farm to mine
       | the coins while disconnected from the grid. I'd imagine it's
       | quite competitive without all the interconnected fees.
        
         | engineer_22 wrote:
         | How can you sell solar power to local users without connecting
         | to the grid?
        
       | tzs wrote:
       | > The power plant, Greenidge, which is being closely monitored by
       | the Department of Environmental Conservation, is allowed to suck
       | in 139 million gallons of water and discharge 135 million gallons
       | daily.
       | 
       | What is the rationale for the suck in allowance being 4 million
       | gallons a day higher than the discharge allowance?
        
         | etrautmann wrote:
         | Evaporation?
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | That seems like a reasonable explanation for why they might
           | have less water to discharge than they sucked in, but I don't
           | understand why it would be written into the limits of what
           | they are allowed to suck out and discharge.
           | 
           | If they were to take 139 MG one day and only 2 MG were lost
           | to evaporation, so that they had 137 MG left over, I fail to
           | see the logic in saying that they can only put 135 MG of that
           | back into the lake.
           | 
           | That's effectively saying that if they take their limit of
           | 139 MG per day, then they are required to net drain the lake
           | by 4 MG per day.
           | 
           | I'd have expected the limits to be of the form: You can take
           | up to X per day, you can put back up to what you take, and
           | you must put back enough so that the net taking for that day
           | is less than T.
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | Changing the temperature of the water that drastically is
       | potentially lethal to all sorts of species. It screws up when and
       | where they breed, lay eggs, have access to cool water to cool off
       | in, what plants grow (that is part of a complex ecological web),
       | and might provide an opportunity for growth of harmful bacteria.
       | 
       | Here's an article from November about the plant and trout
       | fishing. https://fingerlakes1.com/2020/11/14/fish-arent-biting-
       | on-sen...
        
       | xwdv wrote:
       | In the old days at least we got something of value to society in
       | exchange for pollution. Now we get nothing.
        
       | sadfasf122 wrote:
       | lol
        
       | thedudeabides5 wrote:
       | Don't worry folks, uncle @jack says bitcoin is good for the
       | environment so nothing to see here
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | Bitcoin is many things, but "good for the environment" has
         | never been one of them. Staggering inefficiency has always been
         | a fundamental part of the design. Back when it was a nerd
         | curiosity nobody cared too much, but now that it is a major
         | industry the pollution can no longer be overlooked.
        
           | coolspot wrote:
           | OP refers to Twitter CEO (@jack), who said that "Bitcoin
           | incentivizes renewable energy"
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/jack/status/1384903902907314176?s=21
        
         | wesleywt wrote:
         | I wonder if you drove your car today. Or bought apples from
         | South America.
        
           | thatguy0900 wrote:
           | Bitcoin is explicitly designed to be worse and worse the more
           | people buy into it. Say what you want about importing apples
           | but they arnt explicitly designed to eat all available power
           | and hardware as a stated goal.
        
             | rspeele wrote:
             | What if they were though?
             | 
             | There are 6.25 apples farmed every 10 minutes. Adding more
             | orchards does not produce more apples or make the apples
             | better, but whoever builds the biggest orchard has the
             | highest chance of getting the 6.25 apples to grow on their
             | property. The apple orchards now consume 1/200th of the
             | earth's arable land.
             | 
             | An apple is $33,000 and not even very good to eat, so
             | mostly they are traded symbolically on exchanges with
             | little reason to actually take delivery.
        
       | silexia wrote:
       | Proof of work cryptocurrency is an absolute environmental
       | disaster and should be banned.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | plank_time wrote:
       | Biden needs to make Bitcoin illegal. It would instantly increase
       | electricity capacity in many parts of the US and it would stop a
       | large part of the money laundering that is going on in the US
       | including ransom ware.
       | 
       | Why they haven't yet made it illegal but made online poker
       | illegal is beyond me.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.is/ByenE
        
       | jlizzle30 wrote:
       | Why does this article not have the temperature change of the
       | water?
        
         | whywhywhywhy wrote:
         | Because journalism. Can't let data get in the way of a good
         | story.
        
       | iamben wrote:
       | Buying carbon credits is like a corporate greenwashing get out
       | jail free card, isn't it? "Hey, no need to hate us! We're buying
       | carbon credits!"
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | It's a mechanism that uses market to let the economy and its
         | participants know what actual costs of co2 emissions are
         | instead letting them operate on assumption that they cost zero.
         | 
         | I wouldn't mind if sugar manufacturers would have to buy 'sugar
         | credits' for emitting sugar into the human population.
        
           | lozenge wrote:
           | But it doesn't use the actual cost of CO2 emissions.
           | 
           | Nor does it "balance out" emissions by removing CO2 in one
           | place and allowing CO2 emissions in another place. It
           | actually works off schemes that reduce the amount of CO2
           | emitted compared to a hypothetical.
           | 
           | So, it's like me saying I've made "savings" by not buying a
           | coffee every day, even if I never actually bought coffee in
           | the past.
        
           | ErikVandeWater wrote:
           | Putting "actual" in quotes. Estimating the cost is insanely
           | difficult.
        
             | scotty79 wrote:
             | You are right, the only thing it comunicates is that there
             | actually is some cost.
        
           | nightski wrote:
           | They do. The government controls all sugar production in the
           | U.S. They control how much can be grown, imported, and
           | exported. It is a very unique commodity in that sense. I've
           | worked in the industry for 10 years now.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | This is the fundamental problem with carbon credits. There is
           | currently no wide scale production system for scrubbing CO2
           | from the atmosphere. Because of this, the price of the carbon
           | credits is set arbitrarily by politicians. It's meaningless.
           | 
           | A carbon market only works if there are sellers. Companies
           | that sequester carbon for X dollars per ton so producers need
           | to buy enough credits to cover their emissions. There could
           | even be competition as people find more efficient ways to
           | remove carbon from the atmosphere. Currently the whole thing
           | is a big game that nobody takes seriously. It is a game
           | because if we actually priced in the cost of scrubbing CO2
           | from the atmosphere using current technologies no fossil fuel
           | industries would be competitive. It would threaten the gravy
           | train for people like Rex Tillerson, so it's a nonstarter
           | politically.
        
         | brippalcharrid wrote:
         | It's like indulgences, for the remission of venial sins. The
         | buyer is delivered publicly a clean bill of moral health, and
         | the seller gets to build some new chateaus, estates and
         | cathedrals.
        
       | deviledeggs wrote:
       | Hear me out, I don't buy this. NY would have never approved
       | operating a power plant that did such damage to the lake.
       | 
       | Notice they mentioned "surface temperature". Many lakes are
       | naturally stratified in summer. Especially lakes deep for their
       | size. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_stratification
       | 
       | Indeed, Seneca lake is very deep, and naturally thermally
       | stratified in summer:
       | 
       | > Because of Seneca Lake's great depth its temperature remains a
       | near-constant 39 degF (4 degC).[3] In summer the top 10 to 15
       | feet (3.0 to 4.6 m) warms to 70-80 degF (21-27 degC)
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_Lake_(New_York)
       | 
       | I think crypto mining is a huge waste of energy. But this article
       | has an ax to grind. A simpler explanation for warm surface temps
       | is a warmer than usual summer.
       | 
       | Indeed, NY state has had two major heat waves already this year
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | I wonder if part of the problem is that they are maybe water
         | cooling the datacenters full of cryptominers? So not only is
         | there the waste heat from the power plant as originally
         | designed, but also the waste heat of its entire energy output
         | is being dumped into the lake instead of being distributed
         | around town.
         | 
         | I do suspect that this is a surface temperature problem. Lakes
         | form thermal gradients pretty easily so if they are only
         | heating the top layer this power plant could noticeably warm
         | the water even if it is producing nowhere near enough heat to
         | warm the entire lake.
         | 
         | I can't argue against the take that this whole thing is just
         | killing the planet for a profit.
        
         | henearkr wrote:
         | 27degC doesn't "feel like a hot tub", so currently it must be
         | higher.
         | 
         | The thermal conductivity of water makes that even a temperature
         | a few degrees cooler than the body temperature feels
         | refreshing, which is not the case right now according to the
         | witnesses.
        
         | Alex3917 wrote:
         | How different is this from Cornell's lake source cooling plant?
         | Opponents of that made the same sorts of claims, but afaik were
         | never able to prove that lake temperatures were any different
         | once you get more than a few yards away from where the water
         | was released. E.g.:
         | https://fcs.cornell.edu/sites/default/files/2020-06/Final_FA...
        
           | deviledeggs wrote:
           | It's not different :)
           | 
           | Water can absorb enormous amount of energy. And releases huge
           | amounts as it evaporates. And the lake is in contact with
           | massive land surface that also absorbs ton of energy.
           | 
           | The deeper parts of Seneca lake are isothermal with regional
           | ground temperature, so there's clearly no problem with heat
           | dissipation
        
         | godelski wrote:
         | Honestly, even if they did then blaming bitcoin doesn't seem to
         | be the right thing to blame. Blame the plant regulations. I say
         | this agreeing that mining is a huge waste of energy. But going
         | after bitcoin is like blaming a junky and giving the dealer a
         | free pass.
        
       | quadrifoliate wrote:
       | (Ported from the duped thread [1])
       | 
       | I think it's kind of good that these absurd scenarios involving
       | Bitcoin are driving people (in the larger sense of companies and
       | governments) towards more environmental awareness.
       | 
       | If you think about it, the entire system is just as absurd as
       | Bitcoin. Business pollute the environment we live in, and then
       | get to brag to shareholders about "delivering value", "increased
       | revenue margins", and "efficiency" that they later get rewarded
       | by the stock market for.
       | 
       | The green company that makes a slightly lower profit, but takes
       | care of the environment falls out of the index to be replaced by
       | the polluter that either does the bare minimum, or actively
       | breaks laws and treats fines as the cost of doing business. The
       | market rewards rapacity over environmentalism.
       | 
       | Well, Bitcoin is even more efficient, it's directly burning coal
       | and converting it into money that the market will _also_ pay for!
       | 
       | The (hopefully) good outcome of this is that it will drive
       | corporations and governments to take a breath, and formulate
       | policies that prioritize the long-term health of the environment
       | over short term priorities like jobs and the economy.
       | 
       | -------------------------------
       | 
       | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27749932
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | +1 here on this analysis ; four or five decades of stupid
         | capital investment and population explosion plus plastics -- no
         | contest ! I literally mean this.
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | Bitcoin has commodified wasting resources for money.
        
           | ohhhhhh wrote:
           | Saying it's a waste is like putting a moral qualifier on the
           | use of energy - and for the purpose and affect that this
           | decentralized monetary system can have on the world is
           | definitely worth it in my eyes. People dont make a fuss about
           | using 2 clothes dryers and 24/7 christmas lights that use
           | more energy, but hey that's an _approved_ use of energy.
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | Luckily Christmas lights lit 24/7/52 don't generate xmas-
             | coins.
             | 
             | Morals or not. We will see if Ethereums "proof of stake"
             | will be able to solve anything.
        
           | mirekrusin wrote:
           | Proof-of-Waste (PoW) is quite accurate.
        
         | AnthonyMouse wrote:
         | And if you solve the general problem, you solve the specific
         | problem.
         | 
         | Is this a story if there is a carbon tax and as a result the
         | profit-maximizing activity is to mine Bitcoin by building wind
         | turbines?
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | This. Bitcoin mines were not the first to dump heat into
         | natural bodies of water, but their number makes the damage and
         | need for regulation obvious.
        
       | jonfw wrote:
       | Hot tubs are pretty warm. That'd be an extraordinary amount of
       | energy. Would be interested to see data, measuring water
       | temperature is pretty easy
        
       | stretchwithme wrote:
       | How wasteful crypto is depends on how its energy consumption
       | compares to the energy consumption of the traditional banking
       | system.
       | 
       | What is the energy consumption of armed trucks anyway? How much
       | energy is required to build a bank branch?
       | 
       | Sure, the transaction charges are tiny with Bitcoin and storage
       | is free. Is that an indicator of the differences in total energy
       | consumption once the mining is over?
       | 
       | Also, what is the total energy consumed by coping with fiat
       | currency's inflation? Probably should include that.
       | 
       | I think some hyperinflation events also contribute to wars
       | happening. These use energy too.
        
         | UncleMeat wrote:
         | But BTC does not replace the banking system. The banking system
         | does way way way more than simply hold money in accounts and
         | send it places. I could sort of buy this argument for something
         | like Ethereum that is truly programmable, but even if BTC
         | completely takes over and no other currencies exist then there
         | will still be banks and bank branches.
         | 
         | The discussion of inflation and wars is just fantasy. Everybody
         | in the world using BTC isn't going to end standing armies.
        
       | 40four wrote:
       | If I may offer a little critical thinking, to a very biased,
       | alarmist piece. This it seems very clear this is hit piece. It
       | throws around some big numbers and a quote from some local, and
       | comes up very short on analysis, and very big on leading readers
       | into a particular conclusion.
       | 
       | Firstly, using lakes to cool power plants is not unusual or
       | uncommon. They don't really make that clear, and it feels like
       | they want the reader to think this is nefarious. To me the title
       | of this should be something more like "Residents forgot the lake
       | gets warmer when the power plant operates".
       | 
       | As far as the 135 million allowed to be discharged into the lake
       | daily, it is an incredibly small amount compared to the size of
       | the lake. According to Wikipedia, the volume of the lake is 3.81
       | cu/miles of water. A quick search tells me 1 cu/mi =~ 1.1
       | trillion gallons. Okay, some more rough math gives us a total of
       | about 4.2 trillion gallons in the lake of which 135M gallons is
       | something like 0.000032% of the total volume.
       | 
       | So my point is that when the article throws a figure like 135M
       | gallons at you with no context it _seems huge_. But when you look
       | at it in context, 3 one hundred thousands of one percent of the
       | total, I have a hard time imagining that has any measurable
       | impact on the lake whatsoever. I 'm sure the quoted resident that
       | lives very near to the plant had noticed the warmth, but anywhere
       | else on the lake?
       | 
       | On top of this, the plant is under strict scrutiny by the
       | regulators, and they appear to be operating withing the limits
       | outlined by said regulators. So if there is anyone to get mad at
       | here it's not the plant operators, it's the Department of
       | Environmental Conservation.
        
         | mirekrusin wrote:
         | They should provide free heating to locals in winter.
        
         | shkkmo wrote:
         | Your own numbers lack a great deal of context and your comment
         | seems far more biased than this article. The article avoids
         | making any conclusions about the effects on the lake while you
         | seem quite happy to jump to conclusions with insufficient data
         | and bad math.
         | 
         | Edit: My own stance would be that we should wait to until we
         | have the data on how much warming is happening at the various
         | layers of the lake and then use that data assess the
         | regulations governing the power plant. In the meantime, we
         | might look at bringing the regulations for disconnected power
         | plants in-line with grid power plants.
        
         | kens wrote:
         | I'm not a fan of starting up power plants for bitcoin mining,
         | but I agree with your analysis. I did the same calculations
         | before finding this thread, so I'll point out that it's 0.0032%
         | not 0.000032% (you need to multiply by 100 for percent).
        
           | 40four wrote:
           | Thanks, I did the calculation quickly & admittedly didn't
           | double check, so I'll take your word on it.
           | 
           | But the point stands true. This will certainly warm the lake
           | in the local vicinity, where the quoted resident came from.
           | But to slant this warming story as if it will effect the
           | whole ecosystem of the lake is silly & inaccurate.
           | 
           | It's a _really_ big lake. I'm more used to seeing smaller,
           | man made lakes for this purpose. My old hometown has one, and
           | yes the water was warm. But that didn't stop anyone from
           | canoeing  & fishing in it.
           | 
           | And I must point out, a detail that gets buried in this story
           | is the power plant was not repurposed as natural gas and
           | started back up with the sole intention of mining Bitcoin. It
           | was intended to provide extra electricity during peak usage
           | hours in the summer. The Bitcoin mining is basically a 'side
           | hustle'.
        
         | CarelessExpert wrote:
         | > On top of this, the plant is under strict scrutiny by the
         | regulators, and they appear to be operating withing the limits
         | outlined by said regulators. So if there is anyone to get mad
         | at here it's not the plant operators, it's the Department of
         | Environmental Conservation.
         | 
         | Actually, the correct answer is: both.
         | 
         | There's a difference between what's legal and what's moral or
         | ethical.
         | 
         | It is clear, at least to me, that emitting large quantities of
         | CO2 into the air, and heated waste water into a lake, for the
         | sole purpose of enriching oneself mining cryptocurrencies, is
         | simply immoral. It is a classic example of the tragedy of the
         | commons.
         | 
         | The regulations clearly do not adequately limit this kind of
         | activity.
         | 
         | So we should be angry that the laws don't reflect our values.
         | 
         | And we should be angry that these folks are taking advantage of
         | that fact to enrich themselves at the expense of the rest of
         | us.
        
           | doublejay1999 wrote:
           | > It is clear, at least to me, that emitting large quantities
           | of CO2 into the air, and heated waste water into a lake, for
           | the sole purpose of enriching oneself
           | 
           | i agree, but that would make bitcoin mining merely the most
           | recent addition to a very, very long list of immoral
           | endeavours undertaken for the sole purpose of enriching
           | oneself.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | ohhhhhh wrote:
           | We as a society deem it a fair use of energy to have dryers,
           | and christamas lights all year long, which use more energy
           | that a decentralized monetary system that brings sovereign
           | banking to the masses. Before letting this story and all the
           | other propaganda make you angry (intended) actually look what
           | bitcoin IS, how it works, and what problems it solves in the
           | world. A comparison that always comes to mind is like someone
           | saying that the internet is a big waste of energy.
        
             | CarelessExpert wrote:
             | > We as a society deem it a fair use of energy to have
             | dryers, and christamas lights all year long, which use more
             | energy that a decentralized monetary system that brings
             | sovereign banking to the masses.
             | 
             | It... really doesn't. It brings wild speculation to a few.
             | And ransomware to many.
             | 
             | But banking? To the masses? Hah! Sorry, no. That would
             | imply Bitcoin is useful for, you know, actually engaging in
             | day to day monetary transactions. It'd imply large numbers
             | of commercial and government interests to be willing to use
             | Bitcoin as a medium of exchange. It'd imply a stable,
             | reliable, regulated, insured location where people could
             | store their wealth confident that it wouldn't be stolen.
             | It'd require reversible transactions to deal with fraud,
             | fat fingering, and so forth.
             | 
             | Basically, it'd require Bitcoin to be something completely
             | different than what it is.
             | 
             | > look what bitcoin IS, how it works, and what problems it
             | solves in the world.
             | 
             | I have. I've been watching it for ten years now. And it's
             | still just yet another speculative "asset" with no merit as
             | either a currency or a store of value due to, among many
             | many things, its massive volatility.
             | 
             | As a form of digital gambling, though? Unparalleled!
             | 
             | > A comparison that always comes to mind is like someone
             | saying that the internet is a big waste of energy.
             | 
             | And if all the internet was was a giant digital slot
             | machine, they'd be right.
        
       | dj_gitmo wrote:
       | This is shameful either way, but per the NBC article it sounds
       | like they will need a few years to be sure the lake is warming:
       | 
       | > A full thermal study hasn't been produced and won't be until
       | 2023, but residents protesting the plant say the lake is warmer
       | with Greenidge operating. Greenidge recently published average
       | discharged water temperatures from March 1 to April 17, during
       | the trout spawning season; they were around 46 degrees to 54
       | degrees, with differences between inflow and outflow of 5 degrees
       | to 7.5 degrees.
       | 
       | https://www.nbcnews.com/science/environment/some-locals-say-...
       | 
       | But apparently they plan to expand this business model.
       | 
       | > In March, Greenidge said its Bitcoin mining capacity of 19
       | megawatts should reach 45 megawatts by December and may ramp to
       | 500 megawatts by 2025 as it replicates its model elsewhere.
       | Larger gas-fired plants in the U.S. have capacities of 1,500 to
       | 3,500 megawatts.
        
       | betwixthewires wrote:
       | I read the whole article looking for some indication as to the
       | mechanism by which the power plant or mining operation are
       | warming the lake. If there is one, it's not in the article. I
       | assume offloading waste heat from the power plant and/or mining
       | operation? That would have to be one hell of an operation to
       | noticeably change the surface temperature of a lake that big. I
       | wonder if anyone has anything more granular than "feels like a
       | hot tub."
        
       | josu wrote:
       | Not sure about the lake temperature, but the energy company just
       | announced that all their bitcoin mining operations are carbon
       | neutral.
       | 
       | https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/greenidge-generatio...
        
         | henearkr wrote:
         | Sounds like a joke.
         | 
         | They are literally operating out of a gas plant...
        
       | yodelshady wrote:
       | Oh boy, fermi estimation time! Big caveat: all of the below
       | assumes ideal mixing, which is not a given at this scale at all.
       | So I'm not rubbishing the residents. (Nor disputing the idiocy of
       | burning 45 MW to "mine" numbers for that matter.)
       | 
       | From wiki, the lake has a volume of 15 km3, or 15 trillion
       | litres. The daily discharge of 135 million gallons is ~ 600
       | million litres. So, per day, it's cycling about 40 parts per
       | million. Alternatively, you'll cycle the volume of the lake once
       | every 67 years at that rate.
       | 
       | That same discharge is ~ 7000 litres per second, which will
       | require 30 MW to heat by one degree Celsius. It's listed at at
       | most 45 MW, so one and a half degrees rise, unless any of the
       | water is evaporated, which it quite possibly is (after all, more
       | is licensed to go in the plant than come out. I wonder if they
       | have some scheme where a small volume of water is heated to a
       | point where evaporation matters, then it is mixed back in?).
       | 
       | Once again, the locals _may_ be noticing, but only if very
       | significant stratification is occurring. Water is _good_ at
       | dissipating heat.
        
         | hexane360 wrote:
         | Running 45 MW of miners != Producing 45 MW of energy !=
         | Producing producing 45 MW of waste heat. First you have to
         | consider the thermodynamic efficiency of the power plant. With
         | a ~40% efficiency, 1 W of produced heat wastes 1.5 W of heat.
         | Then you have to consider the overhead for running the miners.
         | Ballpark, about half of the energy probably goes to HVAC.
         | Furthermore, that 45 MW of mining power is also eventually
         | getting released as heat, some of which may be returning to the
         | lake.
         | 
         | Overall, 45 MW of bitcoin produced could mean 135 - 180 MW of
         | waste heat.
        
         | gkfasdfasdf wrote:
         | So putting it all together, assuming no evaporation and ideal
         | mixing, at its current max rate of 45MW it would take 67 years
         | to raise the lake temperature 1.5 degrees Celsius?
        
           | slownews45 wrote:
           | I think cooling rates may increase as lake temperature
           | increases. That said, over 67 years may be just in the noise.
        
         | not2b wrote:
         | It's quite likely that the real situation isn't anywhere close
         | to ideal mixing, especially since warm water is lighter and the
         | deep part of the lake might not be mixing efficiently with the
         | warm discharged water. Then the surface water might be warming
         | much more than your calculation suggests, to the point where
         | locals are noticing a major difference.
        
           | slownews45 wrote:
           | If this is a critical issue it probably wouldn't be overly
           | difficult to spend some energy to pump in from a colder /
           | deeper part of the lake if that is the concern, then heat and
           | dump on the top. May be actually COLDER still than existing
           | surface waters.
        
           | avisser wrote:
           | The Finger Lakes are famously deep as well. Seneca averages
           | 291' with a max depth of 618'
        
       | ilamont wrote:
       | This isn't the only crypto mining setup causing problems in rural
       | New York state. A few firms set up shop near the St. Lawrence
       | river in the northern part of the state to take advantage of
       | cheap hydropower and rent. Locals complained that their
       | electricity rates were being jacked up, which resulted in a slew
       | of new rules at the municipal and state level.
       | 
       | https://www.northcountrypublicradio.org/news/story/40458/202...
        
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