[HN Gopher] AI Explorables: big ideas in machine learning, simpl...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       AI Explorables: big ideas in machine learning, simply explained
        
       Author : smitop
       Score  : 90 points
       Date   : 2021-07-05 16:41 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (pair.withgoogle.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (pair.withgoogle.com)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | biasedbrain wrote:
       | These are now the "big ideas" in machine learning? I guess they
       | have given up on AGI then?
       | 
       | In my book, this AI diversity nonsense is not even AI research.
       | The SJWs pretend they discovered the concept of bias, when it has
       | always been a core part of Machine Learning from the beginning.
       | 
       | Even more concerning, it is an attempt to permanently encode
       | their distorted sense of reality in AI models that affect
       | billions of people. This needs to be fought, not celebrated.
        
       | throwaway789257 wrote:
       | I clicked expected to see big ML ideas explained, and all I found
       | was Google scrubbing its AI ethics reputation after the debacle
       | last year. I hope they devote their energies to actually
       | explaining some ideas about ML rather than nattering on about
       | fairness.
        
       | Graffur wrote:
       | In short: garbage in, garbage out
        
         | azinman2 wrote:
         | That's actually not a good summary at all. You could have
         | quality in, but apply to a different group than was trained on,
         | and get garbage out (eg face recognition trained on one set of
         | races or genders, then try to apply to different races to
         | genders). Or you train on data that's high quality but is the
         | result of inequity (eg police profiling, or credit worthiness),
         | and then you get inequity out of the model.
        
       | sharikous wrote:
       | God know how nice explanations of ideas in ML would be useful.
       | 
       | But this is ML enforcement of made up "social values", like
       | diversity and fairness
        
       | daenz wrote:
       | Nobody is actually smarter or better than anyone at anything.
       | It's a result of biases and privilege. And if all biases were
       | taken into consideration, everyone would (and should) score
       | exactly the same on everything, regardless of age, sex, race,
       | gender, ethnicity, orientation, etc etc.
       | 
       | That's the underlying message about ML initiatives that touch
       | sensitive topics. Yes, we should be very careful not to encode
       | biases into our models, and these biases are definitely real.
       | Absolutely 100%! But what happens _if_ the models still show
       | disparity? Are we prepared for that possibility? Does it mean
       | there are more biases yet to uncover and we must root them out?
       | Or should we hide anything that reveals disparity in the absence
       | of biases? Or are all biases impossible to remove, so they must
       | forever remain the explanation for all disparity? Is disparity a
       | proof of bias? Because if that is true, then the only conclusion
       | is that every person is exactly functionally equal and the only
       | differences are human biases.
       | 
       | I've seen smart tech people unable to say that men are on average
       | taller than women because (I believe) they were afraid to say
       | that some "favorable" outcome (tall) was a result of some
       | component that could be genetic. Their argument was anecdotes of
       | tall women, and saying there is no such thing as an "average" man
       | or "average" woman.
        
         | spoonjim wrote:
         | Yes, it's a common "argumentation" strategy on Twitter. "Do you
         | know that someone was once born with a horse's head? Clearly
         | the concept of 'human' does not exist!"
        
         | mustafa_pasi wrote:
         | That is not my understanding of the ethical dilemma. People are
         | different, and belonging to groups is highly predictive, and
         | that is what ML algorithms depend upon to classify you (every
         | feature is a group). The ethical dilemma is, should you be
         | doomed to be assessed based on your belonging to an arbitrary
         | set of groups? It is highly predictive, but also by definition,
         | discriminatory.
         | 
         | Business entities benefit, because on average the predictions
         | are right, but individuals are being discriminated against, and
         | btw, besides the protected categories, other types of
         | discrimination are also unfair.
        
           | biasedbrain wrote:
           | You should be allowed to think and perceive and notice
           | things, and use tools to help you do so. It is ridiculous to
           | mandate algorithms should be modified to hide statistical
           | facts about the world.
           | 
           | by all means, educate people that just because some
           | population is perhaps on average more criminal, it doesn't
           | imply any individual belonging to that population is also
           | more criminal.
           | 
           | To hide the statistics would also hurt efforts to find
           | solutions. That can not be a good thing.
           | 
           | Edit: if you don't like the criminal example, what about
           | noticing some populations are on average poorer than others?
           | Would that be a good thing, because government money could be
           | diverted their way, or a bad thing, because banks would be
           | less inclined to lend them money, and landlords would be less
           | likely to rent them a home?
        
         | j7ake wrote:
         | It would be nice to do a well-designed experiment to ask what
         | are the biological differences in different categories of
         | humans (eg old vs young). Then use that ground truth to assess
         | whether an ML model is generating the biases that deviate from
         | the ground truth. That way there is no a priori assumption of
         | what is technical bias and what is real signal.
         | 
         | With the level of investment people are putting into ML
         | technologies, these types of ground truth calibrations would
         | cost only a fraction of the total budget.
        
         | phreeza wrote:
         | > And if all biases were taken into consideration, everyone
         | would (and should) score exactly the same on everything,
         | regardless of age, sex, race, gender, ethnicity, orientation,
         | etc etc.
         | 
         | "Should" is the operational word here. It is a normative
         | decision that these (protected in many jurisdictions) classes
         | should not receive any different treatment due to membership in
         | the class. I agree with this goal, it seems you do not? Or are
         | you objecting to a normative decision being disguised as a
         | descriptive one? In that case I think it is largely a straw
         | man, it's not how most people actually think.
        
           | bordercases wrote:
           | > In that case I think it is largely a straw man, it's not
           | how most people actually think.
           | 
           | Why do you believe this? Even the notion of bias, which you
           | must conceive as real for your claim to hold any weight, is a
           | version of the descriptive being confused for the normative.
           | And for biases to be as problematic as they are considered,
           | they must be common in key places. Why couldn't researchers
           | have an unreasonable bias against reasonable biases?
        
         | joe_the_user wrote:
         | _Nobody is actually smarter or better than anyone at anything.
         | It 's a result of biases and privilege._
         | 
         | Where is the linked article claiming this? Your post seems like
         | complete derail of the article discussion for the purposes of
         | making broader political points. [insert hn caveat about being
         | more nuanced in potentially more flamebait topic]
        
         | nxpnsv wrote:
         | The political debate is endless and not very enlightening.
         | However, this stuff max constitute useful tools to make better
         | models in a non political way. A model that is biased because
         | of too narrow test data will perform worse than a model trained
         | on a suitable dataset. It can be hard to spot these issues, and
         | having some checks and bounds to avoid common sources of bias
         | is a good thing. Furthermore, an analysis might expose more
         | info about the users than intended. This can have pretty bad
         | consequences. For this purpose I thought the one about
         | "collecting sensitive information" was a pretty good start.
        
         | NicoJuicy wrote:
         | I usually mention that nature experiments more with men than
         | with woman.
         | 
         | That's an explanation for why top talent are usually men, but
         | the lesser ones are usually men too.
         | 
         | ( + I was it was an explanation of a study)
        
         | 3grdlurker wrote:
         | > But what happens if the models still show disparity?
         | 
         | You have yet to qualify exactly what you mean by disparity here
         | --it doesn't help that the example you used (i.e gender-height
         | correlation) isn't an ML model.
        
         | Jack000 wrote:
         | It shouldn't be controversial to say that on average, men are
         | taller than women. However it is a problem to say that "since
         | you are a woman, I infer that you must be short". The
         | difference is (not really) subtle but the first statement can
         | be true while the latter statement is obviously fallacious.
         | 
         | With an objective quantity like height it's easy to see the
         | error, but harder with less well-defined quantities like
         | intelligence, character, etc..
         | 
         | It's frustrating to see people talk past each other with ill-
         | defined terms.
        
           | daenz wrote:
           | >It shouldn't be controversial to say that on average, men
           | are taller than women. However it is a problem to say that
           | "since you are a woman, I infer that you must be short". The
           | difference is (not really) subtle but the first statement can
           | be true while the latter statement is obviously fallacious.
           | 
           | I agree, but the person I was speaking about specifically was
           | the former, not the latter. They were extremely resistant to
           | the idea of measurable biological differences. This is an
           | intelligent, science-believing person.
           | 
           | I think there are a few main groups that people fall into
           | around these kinds of subjects:
           | 
           | 1) People who suspect that there may be differences in groups
           | of people, but know that acknowledging them will probably
           | lead to arguments that support sexism, racism, homophobia,
           | transphobia, etc (because they have historically), and so
           | they avoid acknowledging any differences that can't be
           | explained by bias.
           | 
           | 2) People who _want_ there to be differences in people so
           | that they can justify their biases against groups of people.
           | 
           | 3) People who _don 't want_ there to be differences in
           | people, because it doesn't align with a fair worldview that
           | they want to be real.
           | 
           | 4) Everyone else who just want people to be honest about
           | potentially uncomfortable truths.
        
             | jimmygrapes wrote:
             | Where are all the #4s?
        
               | [deleted]
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-07-05 23:00 UTC)