[HN Gopher] How Amazon, Google and Other Companies Exploit NDAs
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       How Amazon, Google and Other Companies Exploit NDAs
        
       Author : bookofjoe
       Score  : 135 points
       Date   : 2021-06-30 11:37 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | durnygbur wrote:
       | I de-Googled my digital life long time ago. Refactoring now to
       | remove the last pieces of personal infra from AWS. Suck donkey
       | dong, invasive predatory cunts.
        
       | elliekelly wrote:
       | I recently listened to an old episode[1] of the "Reply All"
       | podcast from 2018 after someone on HN recommended it. It's a
       | crazy story about Foxconn opening a plant in a small town in
       | Wisconsin and the NDAs with local politicians made it
       | difficult/borderline impossible for residents to push back
       | because they didn't even know what was happening until it was
       | already approved.
       | 
       | [1]https://gimletmedia.com/shows/reply-all/wbhjwd
        
         | beerandt wrote:
         | An NDA is a contract, so how does a politician enter one
         | without receiving some contractual consideration of value. No
         | consideration, no contract, right?
         | 
         | When you leave a company, they typically pay you something to
         | sign it.
         | 
         | How did this work in this case?
        
       | karim79 wrote:
       | I've been led to believe (through my own corporate lawyer) that
       | NDAs are pretty much useless unless they come with a penalty
       | clause. AFAIK here in Germany the maximum penalty is something
       | like 20k EUR. So at the end of the day, they do seem to be pretty
       | much useless, at least in Germany. I think they are something one
       | can forgo altogether, for all intents and purposes. Sure, it is
       | annoying if someone takes a concept from a presentation and
       | creates their own startup, claiming it to be their own invention
       | or such, but that's bound to happen one way or another given the
       | vast diversity of personality types out there. Bottom line is I
       | think it would be beneficial to everyone to abolish this nonsense
       | altogether.
        
       | prirun wrote:
       | Instead of making NDAs illegal, the tax breaks should be illegal.
       | Then corporations could not "shop" different local governments to
       | negotiate for the lowest tax bill.
        
         | sosborn wrote:
         | Used correctly, those tax breaks are a small price to pay for
         | additional jobs in your community.
        
           | mikestew wrote:
           | And communism could work if only it were implemented
           | correctly. But once one gets outside that ivory tower of
           | hypotheticals, all too often it would seem those tax breaks
           | still end up being a net deficit.
           | 
           | See also: "Revenues from hot dogs and ticket sales means the
           | sports stadium that we've so handsomely subsidized will pay
           | for itself in a couple of years."
        
             | sosborn wrote:
             | Stadiums are generally done as Public-Private Partnerships,
             | which typically go way beyond tax breaks.
        
               | aynyc wrote:
               | Almost every stadium deals in the US has been a disaster
               | for locals. I'm not talking about the group of folks who
               | get displaced and have no place to go. I'm talking about
               | local shops, businesses that aren't into venue-related
               | businesses.
        
               | sosborn wrote:
               | My statement was an indictment of stadium deals, not an
               | endorsement.
        
               | aynyc wrote:
               | Ah, got ya.
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | But are they? Or is this just like pro sports stadiums, where
           | the company/team reaps the lions share of benefits, and the
           | town is mostly left with low income jobs and a pile of debt?
        
             | sosborn wrote:
             | Of course the company will reap the lion's share. The town
             | has to decide if the remaining bits are worth the tax break
             | they give the company. Sometimes they are, sometimes they
             | aren't.
        
           | Seattle3503 wrote:
           | Wouldn't the tax breaks be pushed zero marginal utility. Ie
           | the benefits you get in employment and other impacts is
           | exactly offset by the tax loss.
           | 
           | It also gives an advantage to larger players who can
           | negotiate these deals, and the little guy is left in the
           | cold.
        
             | gentleman11 wrote:
             | Worse. The tax breaks can cost you money overall in the
             | long run but a politician might need to generate jobs so
             | badly they will write off the long term bad trade off
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | Then how smaller places with ambitions to grow and prosper
         | could lure large industry? That way, the big and profitable
         | industry, with its higher-paying jobs, would just concentrate
         | around already rich places. This happens anyway: e.g. 14% of UK
         | population lives in London. I don't think this process needs
         | any speeding-up.
        
           | snovv_crash wrote:
           | Less red tape, facilities and services, special attention in
           | planning and execution of infrastructure and other
           | development. It doesn't have to be money...
        
         | Seattle3503 wrote:
         | Alternatively, any company should be able to get the same tax
         | breaks any single company negotiates.
        
       | CogitoCogito wrote:
       | I find the NDAs to be a bit of a red herring. The real point is
       | what kinds of information must lawmakers be open about? The NDAs
       | don't really matter here because if they restrict information you
       | are legally entitled to, I don't see how they are enforceable. I
       | mean what if there isn't any NDA, but the politician simply
       | refuses to say what's happening. If citizens don't have any
       | positive right to that information, what's the essential
       | difference? You could vote the politician out later, but you
       | could do the same for anyone signing the NDA as well.
       | 
       | So really I think the focus should be more on forcing politicians
       | to be more open with their actions and for this to have the force
       | of law. Then the NDAs become irrelevant. Of course this is an
       | uphill battle since the laws probably need to be passed by the
       | very people who are running the system, but I don't really see
       | how that's avoidable outside of jurisdictions with forms of
       | direct citizen initiatives.
        
       | bjornsing wrote:
       | > And the facts too often do not support it. States and
       | localities spend about $95 billion annually wooing corporations
       | with tax incentive deals, and most of the evidence shows that
       | they receive little for it in terms of real economic benefits.
       | The loser is the public, whose tax dollars could otherwise be
       | spent on public services that provide something of value.
       | 
       | There's another loser: the companies/entrepreneurs that do not
       | get these tax benefits and are disadvantaged in the market.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | Hmm. Tax insensitive dollars are not _spent_. These are
         | hypothetical dollars _not received_ from a factory that might
         | have been built.
         | 
         | A thought experiment: let's suppose that the corporate tax in
         | your state is exactly 0%. A corporation still employs a lot of
         | people in your state, and these people pay taxes. Having them
         | unemployed or working at jobs that paid less would be a loss
         | for the state tax income.
         | 
         | Am I missing something?
        
       | vsskanth wrote:
       | Isn't this restricting speech ? How is this constitutional ?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | zepto wrote:
         | The 1st amendment only limits what the government can do to
         | restrict speech.
        
           | xdennis wrote:
           | The city is the local government.
        
           | edgyquant wrote:
           | It would seem to me that a public official signing an NDA is
           | the government restricting speech.
        
             | zepto wrote:
             | It's not the government doing the restricting.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | It is a member of the government consenting to a
               | restriction
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | Which means it is not the government legally restricting
               | people's freedom to speak.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | It depends on state law.
         | 
         | When I worked at a state government agency, we would laugh at
         | companies with these things as freedom of information and other
         | laws have precedence over some NDA.
         | 
         | Texas is a weird place, but usually these laws are pretty
         | similar between states. These economic development agencies are
         | making a conscious decision to make this information
         | privileged. I wouldn't blame the companies for this at all --
         | the government entities are the ones enabling this.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | People need to read what the first amendment actually says.
         | 
         | >Congress shall make no law [...] abridging the freedom of
         | speech, or of the press
         | 
         | NDA isn't a law made by congress, so it's fine.
        
           | vsskanth wrote:
           | Interesting, so it only restricts what congress can do. I
           | didn't know that. Thanks!
        
           | handrous wrote:
           | These restrictions are usually held to extend to the states,
           | and from there all the way down to _school districts_.
           | Basically all government at all levels.
           | 
           | States charter corporations.
           | 
           | Ergo, elected officials at any level may void corporate NDAs
           | at will.
           | 
           | (then again, something along those lines is my solution to
           | _most_ problems involving corporations....)
        
           | chii wrote:
           | there should be a law to allow whistleblowing through an NDA,
           | if there can be a judgement made where doing so is in the
           | public's interest.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Taylor_OD wrote:
       | NDA's and non completes can really make your life miserable if
       | companies want to abuse them.
        
         | gentleman11 wrote:
         | How do you avoid them? Even fast food has them now
        
       | antonzabirko wrote:
       | Wow this is a pretty dark abuse of NDAs. Where is the oversite on
       | legal misuse like this? It's technically legal but clearly
       | against the spirit of local governance.
        
       | swiley wrote:
       | All code should be public always. Easiest solution to this.
        
       | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
       | For people who can't make it past the paywall-- large tech
       | companies who want to make an economic deal with public officials
       | and politicians (for example, approval of a new data center in
       | their city) have them sign NDAs _such that they cannot say which
       | company they are working with_. This results in behavior like a
       | city council reviewing a tax break for a company without knowing
       | who the company is, and prevents the public from criticizing
       | because NDAs prevent communication to the public on the matter.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | I think the state code should forbid state officials from
         | entering agreements that force them to conceal information
         | material to do their official job. It's even more
         | straightforward than conflict of interest limitations.
         | 
         | If the code does not do that, it should be amended.
        
         | mobilio wrote:
         | Here is link: https://archive.md/MSYv8
        
         | nojokes wrote:
         | Not sure that not disclosing your conflict of interests is
         | legal.
        
         | Causality1 wrote:
         | How in the world is it legal for someone to sign an NDA when
         | working in a public capacity?
         | 
         | The entire concept of being able to sign your fundamental human
         | rights away is a bit nuts to me. It's as if it were legal to
         | sign up to get murdered.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Ask a lawyer about Freedom of Information Act. I'm reasonably
           | sure it isn't legal, but by the time you finish all the court
           | cases the information is public because the company is
           | operating thus making it not worth fighting in court.
        
           | kop316 wrote:
           | I know at least for USA federal employees, because of the
           | below law:
           | 
           | https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/1905
           | 
           | They usually do not sign NDAs (and can get in trouble if they
           | do, especially if it interferes with their offical duties).
        
           | moralestapia wrote:
           | Most NDAs don't hold during trial. Also, you have to prove
           | that it was broken, what was released, how, etc... none of
           | that is easy. But people don't know/are scared anyway, so
           | what the article describes does happen anyway.
        
       | jarym wrote:
       | This would not be (so much of) a problem if there was a statutory
       | obligation on public officials to perform their duties and as
       | part of that share certain information with the public. That
       | would override any NDA seeking to circumvent it.
       | 
       | Oh wait... there is (at least in the UK - not so sure about the
       | US but I imagine there are similar laws there). Hmm.
        
       | heymijo wrote:
       | FYI: I had to disable uBlock Origin on Firefox for the article to
       | load.
       | 
       | Even while logged in and using a subscription access code from my
       | local library.
        
         | heymijo wrote:
         | I see that the opinion author, Pat Garofalo, wrote a book [0],
         | and has a substack [1]. If anyone wants to get the gist from a
         | different source.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/40122067-the-
         | billionaire...
         | 
         | [1] https://boondoggle.substack.com/
        
         | commoner wrote:
         | uBlock Origin works fine if Bypass Paywalls Clean is also
         | installed:
         | 
         | https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/bypass-paywal...
         | 
         | https://gitlab.com/magnolia1234/bypass-paywalls-firefox-clea...
        
       | tombert wrote:
       | Tangential and largely unrelated, but a long time ago, I worked
       | for a startup that got bought out by a megacorporation. The
       | startup didn't really make us sign any NDAs or non-competes, so
       | most of the people there had a fairly active github profile.
       | 
       | The transition was fairly smooth, but the megacorporation wanted
       | us to sign NDAs, which most of the engineers did, but I made the
       | mistake of actually _reading_ it, and realizing that they kind of
       | stuck an extremely vague non-compete in there. I didn 't sign it.
       | 
       | I was at that company for a whole year longer, every week getting
       | a "reminder" email to sign the NDA, which I never did.
       | 
       | I'm not a jerk, I didn't disclose any company secrets or release
       | their code, but I doubt I was the only person who found that
       | little "we don't feel like firing you" loophole, and the others
       | might have been a little less nice than me.
        
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       (page generated 2021-06-30 23:03 UTC)