[HN Gopher] Ohio GOP ends attempt to ban municipal broadband aft...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Ohio GOP ends attempt to ban municipal broadband after protest from
       residents
        
       Author : pseudolus
       Score  : 221 points
       Date   : 2021-06-29 19:24 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arstechnica.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arstechnica.com)
        
       | threatofrain wrote:
       | > As we wrote earlier this month, the Ohio Senate approved a
       | version of the budget containing an amendment that would have
       | forced existing municipal broadband services to shut down and
       | prevented the formation of new public networks. The proposed law
       | was reportedly "inserted without prior public discussion," and no
       | state senator publicly sponsored the amendment.
       | 
       | > It was approved in a party-line vote as Democrats opposed the
       | restrictions in municipal broadband.
        
         | CameronNemo wrote:
         | How can an amendment get proposed without a legislator publicly
         | sponsoring it? That is insanity.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | dvtrn wrote:
           | Ballot initiatives are one way it happens in some states. A
           | means for the population to ask their legislators to enact a
           | law or statute absent the legislature making such a proposal
           | on their own.
        
             | kissickas wrote:
             | This is an amendment to a bill.
        
               | dvtrn wrote:
               | I'm aware of that. I was answering the question that was
               | asked, not intimating this was the way it happened in
               | Ohio.
        
               | ummonk wrote:
               | The question was "How can an amendment get proposed
               | without a legislator publicly sponsoring it?". You did
               | not answer that question.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | cat199 wrote:
         | seems like a clear case where version controlling & signing
         | changes to draft legislation would be useful
        
       | luke2m wrote:
       | Thank goodness. My town has muni, but I'm still waiting to get it
       | out to my area.
        
       | throwawaymanbot wrote:
       | I think everyone is missing the point here. The point of
       | municipal broadband is not to Run efficiently, but to keep the
       | ATTs of the world HONEST! -- IF ATT and the rest did, there would
       | be zero need for it. Europe shows that somebody needs to keep the
       | "Capitalists" honest. If this is how its done. so be it. the ATTs
       | of this industry, spend more time lobbying for laws to make
       | enable them to charge people more for less. Its laughable, and
       | bad for the US.
        
         | slownews45 wrote:
         | The US (and its companies) will COMPLETELY dominate Europe in
         | IT under the US's capitalist model. It's not going to be close
         | I'm afraid.
         | 
         | The EU is busy making rules about super complex cookie banners
         | (largely pointless - just block / expire / delete cookies
         | browser side).
         | 
         | Meanwhile, I expect US (and likely chinese companies long term
         | - see Tiktok / Zoom etc) to absolute dominate global market.
         | 
         | What are the big EU websites being used globally? I can think
         | of a ton of apps and more with global usage from US and China.
         | 
         | Things like WhatsApp are being used for GOVT services
         | internationally (!).
         | 
         | We will see how the EU's efforts plays out globally. I'm
         | skeptical personally.
        
           | simion314 wrote:
           | Probably OP was thinking at services like ISP, cable and
           | mobile providers. I do not see US ISP or mobile companies
           | have a chance to compete in EU markets.
        
           | simonbarker87 wrote:
           | OP is talking about ISPs not "US Tech". In the UK (and
           | talking to F&F across Europe) we have significantly better
           | access to broadband than the US. I have at least 6 companies
           | I can purchase broadband from (thats off the top of my head,
           | it's probably more if I did some research) - I currently pay
           | PS32 per month (so like $45) for 200Mb up and 20Mb that is
           | bullet proof stable.
        
       | freedomben wrote:
       | Can someone explain (preferably steel man) the GOP argument here?
        
         | barney54 wrote:
         | * There is a limited role for government. For example,
         | government should provide public goods, but should not be in
         | the business of competing with private businesses.
         | 
         | * There is no need to have government involved in the provision
         | of broadband (or phone service or cable TV).
        
         | winstonewert wrote:
         | I think I can articulate the argument:
         | 
         | In order to ensure the best outcome for consumers, we want
         | customers to have a variety of competing options for broadband
         | service. That way they can select the option which gives them
         | the best cost/value proposition. No individual provider can
         | abuse or take advantage of customers, because they can just
         | switch to another provider.
         | 
         | Municipal broadband, by its nature, is incompatible with this
         | competition. Such service is at least partially taxpayer funded
         | which means that everyone pays for it whether they use it or
         | not. Further, the city controls access to the corridors needed
         | for providing internet service. The consequence is that the
         | city ISP would have a great advantage over other ISPs,
         | preventing any real competition.
         | 
         | The case then is that we need to ban city-run ISPs so as to
         | promote competition amongst ISPs in order to ensure the best
         | service.
         | 
         | However:
         | 
         | I'm not sure of a good defense of forbidding it at the state
         | level, instead of allowing individual municipalities to make
         | their own decisions. Furthermore, I'm not sure of a good
         | defense ensuring competition by forbidding public isps but not
         | also requiring cities to make it easy for new isps to enter
         | markets by giving access to corridors.
        
           | philjohn wrote:
           | That's all well and good, but 88.3m americans are only served
           | by a single ISP. The market has resoundingly failed to work.
        
         | wonderwonder wrote:
         | Private broadband contributes / donates to Republican
         | politicians. Private broadband does not want municipal
         | broadband.
         | 
         | https://www.theverge.com/2017/3/29/15100620/congress-fcc-isp...
        
         | gameswithgo wrote:
         | It is a perfectly normal GOP position to be against a
         | government service that isn't police or military. What is kind
         | of weird is when the GOP bans at say, a state level, something
         | some cities might want to do. This does run counter to some of
         | the other GOP political ideas, that local governments should be
         | free to make their own decisions and not hampered by state or
         | federal government.
         | 
         | Perhaps they are worried that municipal broadband will be
         | popular and thus spread, if cities are allowed to do it, which
         | then would threaten some of their donations, and some of their
         | fundamental ideas.
        
         | ZoomerCretin wrote:
         | The public argument or the private argument?
         | 
         | The private argument is that it lowers profits for the
         | corporations who give them campaign contributions.
        
         | lvspiff wrote:
         | Nineteen states currently have laws limiting and in some cases
         | effectively prohibiting municipalities from offering commercial
         | services on broadband networks. Most of them did so under the
         | guise of constructing and operating community broadband
         | networks requires taking on public debt via bond offerings,
         | tying up money that could otherwise have been used for public
         | safety, public pensions, roads and other infrastructure.
        
           | DudeInBasement wrote:
           | Great steel man run down. It's hard to compete against tax
           | cows.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | not involved, not a lawyer here - there is a theory in local US
         | law about "regulated monopoly of municipal services" .. related
         | to the way relatively expensive infrastructure is built, who
         | pays for that, and who has rights to revenue and who has rights
         | to do business on the infrastructure.
         | 
         | It has been ruled in most places that I know of, that certain
         | utilities like water are in this category, but also sometimes
         | things like garbage collection. The reason is that it does cost
         | capital to build acceptable infrastructure, and also the
         | services are less expensive to the consumer when a single
         | business can recoup their costs over a longer period of time.
         | 
         | naturally, corruption and cronyism also thrive in this
         | environment, seeking long-term returns as vendor lock-in. The
         | amounts of money over years, plus the security of income, can
         | be very attractive to certain parties.
         | 
         | I suspect that this background affects the debate and policy,
         | but generally, political talking points do not rely on
         | precedent and fact, more the emotions and loyalties.. no idea
         | on that
        
         | legerdemain wrote:
         | - Municipal broadband is a government handout. It artificially
         | lowers prices.
         | 
         | - Municipal broadband expands the role of government. It's an
         | extra program for the municipality to manage.
         | 
         | - Expanding government programs is a tax on residents, even if
         | they don't benefit from broadband access.
         | 
         | - Municipal broadband is hostile to business. Companies cannot
         | reasonably compete with a service that the government pumps
         | money into.
        
           | newacct583 wrote:
           | All of which are decent arguments in the abstract.
           | Unfortunately the practical situation is that US broadband
           | solutions outside of major urban cores are _really_ bad (and
           | even in the cities, we 're essentially just barely at parity
           | with the rest of the industrialized world).
           | 
           | The free market, objectively, has failed us. That's why these
           | initiative exist to begin with.
           | 
           | Protecting the abstract market is a worthless philosophy when
           | the effect is to impede progress.
        
           | notyourwork wrote:
           | Why is internet connectivity NOT viewed similarly to road
           | connectivity? We expect to be able to travel across the city
           | to do stuff. We similarly expect to be able to use the
           | internet.
           | 
           | The world is becoming ever increasingly connected online and
           | people should expect to have fast consistent access to online
           | services. ESPECIALLY when government's are using internet for
           | interfacing to do things citizens have to do.
           | 
           | edit: minor typo corrected.
        
             | deeg wrote:
             | For myself, it's because it's physically prohibitive to
             | have competing roads but it is possible in most cases to
             | have competing internet providers.
             | 
             | In general I am of the opinion that fostering competition
             | results in the best internet. That said I disagree with the
             | GOP here; for some rural areas it's hard to get companies
             | to run cable without some guarantees. Outright banning them
             | hurts rural communities.
        
               | newacct583 wrote:
               | > In general I am of the opinion that fostering
               | competition results in the best internet.
               | 
               | How do you square this with that the US trails all the
               | more heavily regulated internet infrastructures in the
               | rest of the world?
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >In general I am of the opinion that fostering
               | competition results in the best internet.
               | 
               | I wholeheartedly agree.
               | 
               | That said, I posit that municipal broadband, implemented
               | as wired infrastructure to the premise, fosters
               | competition rather than limits it.
               | 
               | IIUC, most planned/completed municipal broadband networks
               | only provide last-mile connectivity, while internet
               | connectivity is (or will be) provided by private ISPs.
               | 
               | This definitely fosters competition because a broader set
               | of ISPs can service these customers since they don't
               | actually have to run wires to each premise, rather they
               | just need internet uplinks from the municipal broadband
               | interchanges.
               | 
               | What's more, we can even have private or quasi-public[0]
               | businesses/entities using ISP connection fees to manage
               | and maintain the last-mile infrastructure. Quite possibly
               | with a surplus for upgrades/support for other municipal
               | programs.
               | 
               | That leads to _more_ competition and not less.
               | 
               | I suppose it's possible that my analysis is flawed, but
               | I'm not seeing how. If I missed/glossed over some stuff,
               | I'd appreciate being corrected.
               | 
               | [0] Such as the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority
               | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels )
               | 
               | Edit: Added cited reference.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > for some rural areas
               | 
               | Not just rural. I live in a medium density suburban metro
               | and we can't get more than one provider to compete.
               | They've divvied it up amongst themselves so they maintain
               | a monopoly in their area.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Exactly. I am in silicon valley (FFS) and have exactly
               | two choices: AT&T and Comcast.
               | 
               | Curiously they cost the same and run about the same
               | speeds. Both of them continue to increase their rates.
               | 
               | I'm all for competition, but I'm not seeing it. Worse, I
               | see the U.S. heading in precisely the opposite direction
               | with acquisitions, mergers, buyouts.....
        
               | wonderwonder wrote:
               | "competing internet providers" I wish this was the case.
               | I have lived in 6+ homes in the last 15 years and I cant
               | remember a single time I had a choice of internet
               | provider. They seem to have an agreement amongst
               | themselves to not compete.
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | Competing internet providers still need to invest in last
               | mile costs, which are prohibitively expensive (just like
               | roads).
               | 
               | Why is competition the goal? Because it ultimately lowers
               | prices for consumers? That is what municipal internet
               | achieves.
        
               | jonnycomputer wrote:
               | And innovation. Don't forget that.
               | 
               | I'm being somewhat sarcastic here, as its not clear there
               | has been that much innovation in this space for a while.
               | Or if there is, I welcome hearing about it.
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | I think any innovation we'll see is 5G wireless towers
               | going up.
        
               | trothamel wrote:
               | Starlink doesn't.
               | 
               | My feeling is municipal broadband is a good idea from a
               | decade ago, but about to be made obsolete by fast
               | wireless.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Is starlink performance comparable to a symmetric fiber
               | connection? I'm not aware of any wireless technologies
               | that come close.
        
               | philjohn wrote:
               | That's all well and good - but when there are 88.3m
               | Americans that have only a single ISP serving them, that
               | model breaks down.
               | 
               | In this case, the competition only seems to come from
               | municipal broadband, so to your argument that fostering
               | competition results in the best internet, the status quo
               | currently in operation is in opposition to that.
        
               | kemotep wrote:
               | If you count all the people whose 2nd or 3rd ISP options
               | are Hughesnet and Frontier dsl (or mobile broadband
               | hotspots with abysmally low data caps) those options
               | barely count.
               | 
               | If only 1 option can provide me with greater than 25 Mbps
               | bandwidth (what is the minimum requirements for a single
               | 4k Netflix stream) with unlimited (or at least reasonably
               | high) data caps, it is hard to see the alternatives as
               | truly competitive options.
               | 
               | If we count everyone who then falls under this definition
               | that be double the number you provided.
        
           | greydius wrote:
           | - building and maintaing roads is a government handout. It
           | artificially lowers prices.
           | 
           | - building and maintaing roads expands the role of
           | government. It's an extra program for the municipality to
           | manage.
           | 
           | - Expanding government programs is a tax on residents, even
           | if they don't benefit from building and maintaing roads.
           | 
           | - building and maintaing roads is hostile to business.
           | Companies cannot reasonably compete with a service that the
           | government pumps money into.
        
           | merpnderp wrote:
           | You forgot the biggest one: breaking up monopolies and
           | forcing more competition is better than government
           | bureaucratic services.
        
           | Taek wrote:
           | Just wanted to say thanks. I disagree with these arguments
           | but they helped me to understand how the other side feels.
        
           | bduerst wrote:
           | > Municipal broadband is a government handout. It
           | artificially lowers prices.
           | 
           | - This is a feature of muni broadband and other natural
           | monopolies, like water, electricity, transportation, where
           | economies-of-scale cost savings stimulate economic growth.
           | 
           | > Municipal broadband expands the role of government. It's an
           | extra program for the municipality to manage.
           | 
           | - The State government stepping in to interfere with city
           | government by blocking muni broadband is an expansion of the
           | role of government.
           | 
           | > Expanding government programs is a tax on residents, even
           | if they don't benefit from broadband access.
           | 
           | - The same argument has been made against public roads, not
           | everyone uses them directly but indirectly they still benefit
           | regardless.
           | 
           | > Municipal broadband is hostile to business. Companies
           | cannot reasonably compete with a service that the government
           | pumps money into.
           | 
           | - Natural monopolies are hostile to business. The natural
           | barrier to entry prevents competition and innovation, hence
           | why the government needs to pump money into it.
        
           | meristohm wrote:
           | Even if I don't directly benefit from a service, if other
           | people benefit is that a good thing? If I'm acting selfishly,
           | perhaps I can console myself that some of those beneficiaries
           | might spend more money on my for-profit service.
        
           | bluejekyll wrote:
           | > Municipal broadband is a government handout. It
           | artificially lowers prices.
           | 
           | Government is funded by taxes from the people who live in the
           | municipality. Even if they offer it for "free", everyone in
           | the area gets the benefit of it. This is like roads. Most
           | communities pay for roads out of taxes or bonds levied on the
           | community. None of that is a handout, on top of that, most
           | places will still require you to pay for internet.
           | 
           | > Municipal broadband expands the role of government. It's an
           | extra program for the municipality to manage.
           | 
           | This isn't necessarily bad, and requires voters be more
           | involved in local politics to ensure that infrastructure in
           | general is being kept up.
           | 
           | > Expanding government programs is a tax on residents, even
           | if they don't benefit from broadband access.
           | 
           | This repeats the first point, but, yes it's a tax, but to say
           | that not everyone benefits? This past year showed how
           | important it was for every student to have broadband access
           | to attend remote learning. Seems hard to argue at this point
           | that not everyone would benefit.
           | 
           | > Municipal broadband is hostile to business. Companies
           | cannot reasonably compete with a service that the government
           | pumps money into.
           | 
           | To ISPs possibly, but not all businesses. Counter point,
           | municipal broadband will benefit many businesses by ensuring
           | that they have high-quality fast internet, that allows them
           | to keep in better touch with their customers. This is pro-
           | business, not anti.
        
             | nickysielicki wrote:
             | > Even if they offer it for "free", everyone in the area
             | gets the benefit of it.
             | 
             | To play devils advocate, not everyone wants or needs
             | internet. My grandmother has buried fiber available
             | straight to her rural home. I'm sure it cost tens of
             | thousands of dollars to get that buried fiber run a mile
             | down her dead-end road. She's never owned a computer and
             | never will. Neither do any of the Amish families in the
             | area.
             | 
             | http://www.marquetteadams.com/about-us/
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | I generally don't need a fire department every day
               | either. That doesn't make it a good idea to sever the
               | connection to that utility.
        
               | bluejekyll wrote:
               | The Amish don't get the benefit of all the highways in
               | their area, generally don't need paved roads, and don't
               | send their children to public school. Additionally they
               | are pacifists who don't believe in war.
               | 
               | They still pay taxes that fund all of that.
               | 
               | My grandmother became interested in computing and learned
               | how to use the internet in her 80's before she passed
               | away a decade later. The number of people who don't
               | require or want internet access going into the future is
               | going to be very few.
        
               | ChrisLomont wrote:
               | And the Amish do opt out of some taxes and benefits that
               | almost no other group does.
               | 
               | So, there is clear precedent for not paying some common
               | taxes and not using the benefits.
        
               | tekromancr wrote:
               | Other replies to you post make some good points, but
               | there is also the fact that having a fiber line running
               | to her property significantly increases the value of the
               | property and attractiveness to future purchasers.
        
             | lliamander wrote:
             | > Government is funded by taxes from the people who live in
             | the municipality. Even if they offer it for "free",
             | everyone in the area gets the benefit of it.
             | 
             | But if I wish to purchase internet from a different
             | provider, I still have to subsidize other people's
             | internet. I'm forced to pay for something whether I use it
             | or not.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | That's how taxes work. I don't have any children, but my
               | taxes fund schools. My house isn't burning down, but my
               | taxes fund fire departments. I don't commute with a car,
               | but my taxes fund bridges and highways. There is a net
               | economic benefit to pulling your fellow person out of the
               | gutter when it comes to some things. We are all richer
               | because we have an educated populace, cities that don't
               | burn down, highways to move people and goods. To put it
               | into HN friendly terms, all of these benefits increase
               | the quality of our labor, which increases our valuation
               | in the eyes of global investors and makes them want to
               | invest in American companies and keep us paid and
               | employed. And who knows, some day you might need help out
               | of the gutter, too, or a fire put out.
        
               | patrickthebold wrote:
               | I realize this isn't your point, but one of my pet peeves
               | is about 'your taxes paying for other people's kids'.
               | 
               | Everyone gets to go to school for free, your taxes should
               | be thought of as paying off your own education.
               | 
               | It seems silly to me that someone goes through public
               | schools, then doesn't have kids and starts complaining
               | that schools don't benefit them and they shouldn't have
               | to pay.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | >Everyone gets to go to school for free, your taxes
               | should be thought of as paying off your own education.
               | 
               | Are you sure you want to make the argument that a public
               | school education cost you many many times what a private
               | school education would paid over a lifetime of taxes?
               | 
               | Of course not. There is nothing wrong with the argument
               | you are paying for other people's kids. You are. It's a
               | net good for society. Deal with it, don't make weird
               | excuses and pretend scenarios.
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | Arguably, your purchased internet will be of better
               | quality and have better support because of competition
               | than if they remained a local monopoly (which is the case
               | is a vast majority of regions).
               | 
               | Especially if the service eventually becomes revenue
               | positive and pays for itself, possibly providing non-tax
               | revenue into the municipal general fund and _lowering_
               | your tax load.
        
               | fabbari wrote:
               | You can get you own armed guards - but you will still
               | subsidize other people's police force.
               | 
               | You pay taxes to provide a minimum service to all of the
               | community, you can then take advantage of it or not -
               | that's your prerogative.
               | 
               | I pay for school taxes, but I don't have kids - should I
               | get my money back?
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | This line of reasoning could be used to justify
               | government expansion into literally any market. Given
               | that most people don't want government providing services
               | in _every_ market there has to be some other factor that
               | limits the scope which is where the disagreement lives.
               | 
               | Government mediating equal access to last mile lines and
               | funding their construction -- probably good to everyone.
               | 
               | Government running consumer ISPs end-to-end is a tougher
               | sell.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | I understand you're trying to use examples that seem
               | clear to you, but you're begging more questions than you
               | answer:
               | 
               |  _> " You can get you own armed guards - but you will
               | still subsidize other people's police force."_
               | 
               | Why? This is an especially open question in areas with
               | large police forces and high crime rates, or histories of
               | police abuse of power.
               | 
               |  _> "You pay taxes to provide a minimum service to all of
               | the community, you can then take advantage of it or not -
               | that's your prerogative."_
               | 
               | Again, why? What's 'a minimum service to the community'?
               | Do you mean public goods, or services that have positive
               | externalities, or things that help the poor?
               | 
               |  _> "I pay for school taxes, but I don't have kids -
               | should I get my money back?"_
               | 
               | Maybe! Depends on your beliefs surrounding political
               | authority and ethics.
               | 
               | Perhaps you might do better to point to your ethical
               | framework, and highlight what it means with respect to
               | municipal fiber.
        
               | FactolSarin wrote:
               | Public Schools aren't just benefiting people with kids.
               | It benefits society (a society you and OP are members
               | of). Getting rid of schools is like getting rid of the
               | military. Maybe you feel like you don't personally
               | benefit from it and you want your taxes back, but that's
               | not how it works.
               | 
               | Not should it. An ideal government functions to help the
               | people not individual persons.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | _> "Getting rid of schools is like getting rid of the
               | military."_
               | 
               | I see national defense and public schools as very
               | different. Defense is a non-excludable, fixed cost, so-
               | called 'public good'. Primary and secondary education are
               | not public goods, though they may be long-term
               | investments (which defense is not).
               | 
               | I am not saying that I 'like' or 'dislike' either, but
               | they're very different.
               | 
               |  _> "An ideal government functions to help the people not
               | individual persons."_
               | 
               | I've never heard this argument before, could you please
               | elaborate, or point to a good source for your "ideal
               | government" ethical framework?
        
             | dominotw wrote:
             | > To ISPs possibly, but not all businesses. Counter point,
             | municipal broadband will benefit many businesses by
             | ensuring that they have high-quality fast internet
             | 
             | > Municipal broadband is hostile to business.
             | 
             | I think 'business' in second sentence means business its
             | competing with( ISP) not business in general.
             | 
             | But in general it discourages any business by signaling
             | that govt might swoop in and kill your business that you
             | build over decades by starting it own that isnt' bound by
             | the same pressures of market.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | I seriously doubt there are very many (any?)
               | entrepreneurs worried about that.
               | 
               | Government is going to swoop in and provide free nail
               | care.
               | 
               | Government is going to swoop in and provide free Mexican
               | food.
               | 
               | Government is going to swoop in and paint homes for free.
               | 
               | Etc.
        
           | 908B64B197 wrote:
           | > Expanding government programs is a tax on residents, even
           | if they don't benefit from broadband access.
           | 
           | Doesn't have to be true. With enough launch day subscriber
           | you can build the infrastructure without any additional
           | taxes.
           | 
           | > Municipal broadband is hostile to business. Companies
           | cannot reasonably compete with a service that the government
           | pumps money into.
           | 
           | That's the reason FedEx and American Airline went bankrupt;
           | they simply couldn't compete against the US Postal Service
           | and Amtrak!
        
           | psychometry wrote:
           | Well done. Not one of those is even a little bit reasonable,
           | but I could totally imagine your standard Repub attempting to
           | argue those points.
        
             | fooker wrote:
             | Why are none of these reasonable?
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | For one municipal broadband can be profitable without
               | subsidies. It can be run by local governments but can
               | also be spun off after the infrastructure is built etc.
        
               | bduerst wrote:
               | Also the state government stepping in to block city
               | governments in the name of "stopping government
               | expansion" is actually government expansion.
               | 
               | Let the municipal governments dictate how they govern
               | themselves with their own infrastructure.
        
               | edrxty wrote:
               | They're not unreasonable at face value (obviously, that's
               | how the game works) but they're entirely in bad faith as
               | none stand up to any real scrutiny. US political
               | discourse is about boiling a complex system down to feel
               | good talking points that sound snazzy and evoke strong
               | emotions.
               | 
               | "government handout" leading language, no substance
               | 
               | various "expands government" also leading, still no
               | substance/data
               | 
               | "hostile to business" obviously, that's the point.
               | Private enterprise has failed here and created a number
               | the most customer hostile organizations in existence.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _they 're entirely in bad faith as none stand up to any
               | real scrutiny_
               | 
               | The expansion of the role of government bit is not
               | nothing. Yes, there is a cozy relationship between the
               | federal government, many state governments and ISPs. But
               | municipal broadband makes it _much_ easier for _e.g._ the
               | Louisville police department to influence how much of
               | what type of information is collected on whom, and under
               | what circumstances it may be shared.
               | 
               | I support municipal broadband. Any competition is good
               | competition. But it's disingenuous to write off the
               | concerns so quickly.
        
               | edrxty wrote:
               | Sure, but we've been fighting this exact battle against
               | the entrenched ISPs for decades now (think MPAA, RIAA etc
               | DMCA notices). If the ISP is actually "owned" by the
               | people it serves, through the process of government these
               | issues can be addressed directly instead of through a 3rd
               | party corporation that has no incentive to fix anything.
        
               | psychometry wrote:
               | Well, how much time do you have?
               | 
               | To start, all arguments about price are nonsense. Cities
               | offer broadband because it's cheaper per household. This
               | has been repeatedly demonstrated. Right-wingers are
               | threatened by this fact because it's yet another disproof
               | of their claim that the free market can do everything
               | better than government.
               | 
               | Arguments about business being unable to compete with
               | government are irrelevant in the case of utilities needed
               | by everyone, since free market principles break down in
               | innumerable ways.
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | - Municipal broadband is a government handout. It
               | artificially lowers prices.
               | 
               | Artificially lowers price in what sense? Unless it's
               | operating at a loss, it's just another market
               | participant. In my experience with municipal broadband,
               | this was the case. Their prices were below the other
               | options, but they were operating at a profitable level
               | (not a high profit, mind you). But with the general race
               | to the bottom on prices, short of very high demand or
               | collusion, their prices weren't really that much cheaper
               | than what the local cable company would have dropped to
               | if there'd been real competition (in fact, I had to go
               | through the local cable company because I was in an
               | apartment that had contracted them, and the cable company
               | got to add a $5/month fee while doing nothing but
               | billing).
               | 
               | - Municipal broadband expands the role of government.
               | It's an extra program for the municipality to manage.
               | 
               | This one is kind of true, however the billing (if you
               | weren't like me) what through the same office that
               | handled other municipal utilities (in that area, water
               | and sewer were billed by the county). The labor itself
               | was contracted out, both for the initial roll out and the
               | maintenance. This potentially adds some oversight
               | positions but we're not talking about hundreds of extra
               | government jobs here. And actually, if what I was told
               | was correct their contract went to their competitor, the
               | local cable company who had opted not to roll out their
               | own high-speed service in the area (which precipitated
               | the local push for municipal broadband).
               | 
               | - Expanding government programs is a tax on residents,
               | even if they don't benefit from broadband access.
               | 
               | The program covered its own costs. Residents choosing not
               | to participate were not charged. So it was only a tax on
               | those residents who elected to participate in the
               | program, but those residents were also getting better
               | service for 50-75% lower prices compared to the old DSL
               | and dial-up in the area (NB: This was in the late 00s,
               | dial-up and low-speed DSL as the best options in a
               | college town with several major businesses is insanely
               | stupid.)
               | 
               | - Municipal broadband is hostile to business. Companies
               | cannot reasonably compete with a service that the
               | government pumps money into.
               | 
               | The local cable company could have competed, again, if
               | what I was told was correct. It was their own labor that
               | put the fiber and last-mile connections in place.
        
               | okennedy wrote:
               | For many goods and services, they are actually quite
               | reasonable requirements. Internet access, however, is a
               | form of public infrastructure, regardless of whether it
               | is administered by a for-profit corporation or a
               | government.
               | 
               | > - Municipal broadband expands the role of government.
               | It's an extra program for the municipality to manage.
               | 
               | It requires physical infrastructure, and that physical
               | infrastructure needs to reach people's houses. That, in
               | turn requires the use of public resources (streets)
               | and/or eminent domain. In short, government is already
               | involved.
               | 
               | > - Municipal broadband is a government handout. It
               | artificially lowers prices.
               | 
               | The level of infrastructure investment required makes it
               | hard to justify new for-profit investment, especially if
               | the area is already being served or isn't populated
               | enough for the company to make a profit. As a result,
               | internet access providers naturally tend towards being a
               | monopoly, which in turn artificially increases prices.
               | 
               | > - Expanding government programs is a tax on residents,
               | even if they don't benefit from broadband access.
               | 
               | I can see where this point is coming from, and it's not
               | wrong. At this point, however, even those who don't
               | directly benefit from internet access seem like they
               | benefit indirectly. It's also worth noting that a lot of
               | locales (mine included) already pump money into corporate
               | broadband providers to entice them to build and maintain
               | the infrastructure. In other words, the tax gets applied,
               | regardless of whether it's a for-profit corporation
               | reaping the benefits or not.
               | 
               | > - Municipal broadband is hostile to business. Companies
               | cannot reasonably compete with a service that the
               | government pumps money into.
               | 
               | Companies already can't compete with a service that
               | requires enormous infrastructure investments and the use
               | of government property.
               | 
               | Internet access (and most large-scale infrastructure) is
               | different due to the heavy infrastructure investment
               | required.
               | 
               | - It's hard to convince a for-profit organization to
               | build out that sort of infrastructure in an area that
               | isn't populated enough to allow the organization to make
               | a profit.
               | 
               | - It's hard to convince a for-profit organization to
               | build out a second set of infrastructure in an area that
               | already has it, as increasing competition will lower
               | prices and make it harder to make a profit on the
               | investment.
               | 
               | - Building out multiple redundant infrastructures can
               | also be a hassle for normal citizens. More closures due
               | to maintenance/construction work, more use of eminent
               | domain, more unsightly telephone poles, etc...
               | 
               | In short, Internet access tends towards being a monopoly.
               | With that in mind...
               | 
               | - Artificially lowering prices is a good thing if it
               | counters the natural tendency of a monopoly to push
               | prices up. - Expanding the role of government is a bit of
               | a non-argument, since
        
           | valec wrote:
           | > Municipal broadband is a government handout. It
           | artificially lowers prices.
           | 
           | prices are artificially high due to pseudo or actual
           | monopolies in part due to existing regulation and prohibitive
           | costs. internet is effectively a utility anyways so cheaper
           | is better.
           | 
           | - Municipal broadband expands the role of government. It's an
           | extra program for the municipality to manage.
           | 
           | not necessarily a bad thing
           | 
           | - Expanding government programs is a tax on residents, even
           | if they don't benefit from broadband access.
           | 
           | a large majority of residents use internet in most of the
           | USA. either way, removing the right for a community to choose
           | seems heavy handed and anti-libertarian to me
           | 
           | - Municipal broadband is hostile to business. Companies
           | cannot reasonably compete with a service that the government
           | pumps money into.
           | 
           | does everything have to be exploitable for profit??
        
           | barkerja wrote:
           | I live in a small village in central NY and we are months
           | away from rolling out municipal broadband.
           | 
           | For years, Spectrum has had a stronghold on this region with
           | prices they set without any competition. The citizens of this
           | region have pleaded with numerous carriers to bring better
           | internet, but all balk at the prospect.
           | 
           | We finally said enough is enough and decided to rollout FTTH
           | for every resident, without a single penny spent of tax
           | dollar money. We've been fortunate to get enough grant money
           | from both state and federal to get this off the ground. The
           | service will be fully subscriber-funded and end up making the
           | town money in several years.
           | 
           | There is absolutely nothing about this service that is:
           | 
           | 1. A handout from government. You must pay for the service.
           | 
           | 2. Expanding the role of government.
           | 
           | 3. Increasing taxes
           | 
           | 4. Hostile. The only hostility until now has been Spectrum
           | bullying the competition.
        
             | mimikatz wrote:
             | "without a single penny spent of tax dollar money. We've
             | been fortunate to get enough grant money from both state
             | and federal to get this off the ground."
             | 
             | How are state and federal grants not made up of tax
             | dollars?
        
               | jancsika wrote:
               | They are, but you are either being ungenerous in your
               | question or missing vital context that anyone familiar
               | with a city council meeting would already know.
               | 
               | OP is bragging that the municipality is paying for a
               | service without increasing local taxes to pay for it.
               | Increasing local taxes is the obvious way that
               | municipalities typically pay for something like this. But
               | increasing local taxes also generates predictable and
               | often persuasive complaints from old cranks who never
               | want to increase local taxes. OP's muni is thus
               | circumventing those complaints by using grant money for
               | the rollout.
               | 
               | While it's true that state and fed grants _use_ tax
               | dollars, it 's irrelevant to the OP's brag. E.g.,
               | 
               | Old crank at meeting says, "I don't want to pay more
               | money for a service I don't need." Applause break.
               | 
               | Old crank at meeting says, "I don't think it's right to
               | take a grant created with state and federal taxes which I
               | don't believe in paying." Awkward silence.
               | 
               | Edit: clarification
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > How are state and federal grants not made up of tax
               | dollars?
               | 
               | State is different because the funding situation of state
               | and federal governments are not equivalent, but marginal
               | federal spending is not tied to marginal increases in tax
               | revenue even in principal, so quite literally changes in
               | federal spending do not come from tax dollars.
               | 
               | If you assume that (1) the lifespan of the federal
               | government is finite, and (2) the federal government will
               | have no unpaid, transferred, forgiven, or externally
               | covered debt from now until and including the eventual
               | final shut-down, then it follows that any spending must
               | _eventually_ be covered by taxes, but while (1) is a
               | reasonable assumption, (2) is...less clearly justified.
        
               | starik36 wrote:
               | I am still confused how this isn't tax payer funded. If
               | it comes from the government, it's tax payer funded.
        
               | selimnairb wrote:
               | Well, any Federal funds are categorically not tax payer
               | funds. The Federal government spends money into existence
               | as it is a currency issuer (through the Federal Reserve).
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > I am still confused how this isn't tax payer funded
               | 
               | Because federal government spending doesn't depend
               | marginally on taxes.
               | 
               | > If it comes from the government, it's tax payer funded.
               | 
               | This would be true if changes in government spending were
               | tied to changes in taxes, but it isn't because they
               | aren't.
               | 
               | For state government operational spending its closer to
               | being a general truth.
        
               | ghiculescu wrote:
               | That's ridiculous. Why have taxes at all if spending is
               | not dependent on them?
        
             | cproctor wrote:
             | This is inspiring to hear. I'm a recent transplant to a
             | small city in Western NY (20k residents). Are there any
             | studies or documents available from your village's
             | deployment? I'm interested in getting involved in this
             | issue in my own city. Thanks!
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | >There is absolutely nothing about this service that is...
             | 
             | Your implementation may be good.
             | 
             | Living in NY it should not stretch your imagination to
             | think up what an implementation that meets all those
             | criteria would look like.
             | 
             | Municipal broadband is the hip new thing right now so
             | nobody half-asses it. I expect in time (like over the next
             | 80yr) it will follow the model of other government services
             | and everywhere that can afford the graft, boondoggles and
             | BS will have the graft, boondoggles and BS and the Detroits
             | and BFEs who simply can't afford to do it wrong it will be
             | the only ones left with municipal broadband done right.
             | 
             | That said, if a town or city wants to do their own
             | broadband they should be able to do so without state
             | interference. Local government is best government. Allowing
             | the towns to have a "well we could DIY it and not buy your
             | services at all" option as a backstop when negotiating with
             | ISPs furthers competition in a market that is otherwise
             | mostly devoid of it IMO.
        
               | cat199 wrote:
               | > I expect in time (like over the next 80yr) it will
               | follow the model of other government services and
               | everywhere that can afford the graft, boondoggles and BS
               | will have the graft, boondoggles and BS and the Detroits
               | and BFEs who simply can't afford to do it wrong it will
               | be the only ones left with municipal broadband done
               | right.
               | 
               | so, basically what we have now for non-muni net in most
               | places with telco+cableco duopoly?
        
               | woah wrote:
               | Municipal fiber is a far easier service to provide than
               | almost anything else a municipality does. One tiny
               | plastic cable into the house. It can be run on telephone
               | poles. Plumbing, sewer, and roads are many orders of
               | magnitude more complex and expensive to build and
               | maintain.
        
             | dominotw wrote:
             | > Spectrum has had a stronghold on this region with prices
             | they set without any competition.
             | 
             | > Spectrum bullying the competition.
             | 
             | Curious how did Spectrum bully out the competition.
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | Outside of major urban areas, there is often no bullying
               | required. It was not economical 20+ years ago for there
               | to be more than one physical cable or telephone provider
               | in an area. Moving away from dial-up and DSL (which sit
               | on top of phone lines which anyone can buy access to)
               | toward cable (and fiber in the past decade) has put the
               | power on the cable companies who physically own and
               | maintain the lines. Since, in contrast to phones, cable
               | has not typically sold access other than direct-to-
               | customer, they maintain that same model. They don't sell
               | access for someone who buys a fast fiber connection to
               | then connect to the cable network and then their cable
               | customers "dial into" that person's box. Instead, you
               | only get service through the cable company itself.
               | 
               | Because cable requires a massive financial outlay, we end
               | up with regional monopolies unless cable companies are
               | forced to open up their physical platform to others.
               | Which is rare.
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | I heard it costs a lot of money to do these builds, for
               | low return. You might even call it a natural monopoly, if
               | you believe in such things like basic economics.
        
               | dominotw wrote:
               | how does that contrast that with what GP said
               | 
               | > The service will be fully subscriber-funded and end up
               | making the town money in several years.
               | 
               | seems like an a business lots of private operators would
               | be interested in building.
        
             | viro wrote:
             | The GOP argument is kind of highlighted here. Your city
             | didn't have to spend any of its own money. while a business
             | would have had to spend millions to build then to maintain.
             | A business must have ROI and profit to survive(due to
             | inflation). Your city doesn't need to any of that.
        
               | harikb wrote:
               | > profit to survive
               | 
               | If only they stopped their greed at ... enough profit to
               | survive
        
             | deregulateMed wrote:
             | Welfare city.
             | 
             | You are welcome.
        
               | nwiswell wrote:
               | And you're welcome for your welfare roads.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Welfare fire department, welfare police.....
        
               | tick_tock_tick wrote:
               | That's hardly a fair comparison they are calling it
               | welfare as the town in question didn't pay a cent to get
               | it's own broadband.
        
               | thebradbain wrote:
               | And most small municipalities don't/didn't pay a cent
               | toward the highway construction, either
        
               | thebradbain wrote:
               | What's wrong with welfare, "the health, happiness, and
               | fortunes of a person or group" ?
               | 
               | [1] https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definit
               | ion/eng...
        
           | the_only_law wrote:
           | This the same state that wanted to make Google a public
           | utility?
        
             | Vaslo wrote:
             | Are you the same person who wants Google to remain public?
             | Arguments like this work both ways.
        
               | the_only_law wrote:
               | Not sure exactly what's that's supposed to means, but the
               | difference ofc, is I hold no power and my opinions are
               | mostly not worth anything.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | I read a republican article on CO2 taxes and it had exactly
           | the same talking points with the exception that CO2 taxes
           | artificially increase prices.
           | 
           | I don't know why but the lack of nuance and inability to
           | admit that some things can be a good idea given the right
           | situation is really getting old. When you are following
           | absolutes (with nothing forcing them to be true) you are
           | bound to get it wrong eventually.
        
           | ineedasername wrote:
           | All of these assume municipal broadband is subsidized by
           | taxes.
           | 
           | That might or might not be true, and could vary from example
           | to example, but is something you need data to support, and it
           | should be possible to determine if such operations are
           | revenue positive or negative.
           | 
           | It is also difficult to swallow that it's hostile to
           | competition in those cases where the alternative is a private
           | monopoly by an ISP. The theory of competition in a free
           | market is that it is also beneficial to consumers.
           | 
           | If there is already no potential for private competition,
           | then the market has failed and consumers may be harmed. If
           | the municipality steps in to offer an alternative-- as long
           | as it is not subsidizing it & artificially lowering prices--
           | then it is enhancing the competitive landscape.
        
           | takinola wrote:
           | Seems like the simple solution is to require that all
           | infrastructure be open. Anyone can lease, for a reasonable
           | cost (margins set by regulation), the wires that any other
           | entity has laid. This way, there is still incentive to lay
           | and upgrade infrastructure but you don't get to gouge
           | consumers by being the only game in town
        
           | mfer wrote:
           | In the US there are usually limits on who can get on a pole
           | to run cables to homes to provide cable based broadband.
           | Utilities, cable TV companies, telephone companies, and
           | municipalities. This is why people want municipal broadband.
           | You can't just start an ISP and get on the pole with your
           | cable.
           | 
           | > - Municipal broadband is a government handout. It
           | artificially lowers prices.
           | 
           | There are many places where municipal broadband is at cost
           | rather than subsidized or a hand out. With little to no
           | competition the higher prices vs at cost can look funny.
           | 
           | > - Municipal broadband expands the role of government. It's
           | an extra program for the municipality to manage.
           | 
           | Totally. If ISPs could get on poles to run lines to peoples
           | homes I expect there would be a lot less of a call for them
           | as there would be more capability for competition.
           | 
           | > - Expanding government programs is a tax on residents, even
           | if they don't benefit from broadband access.
           | 
           | I'm not sure about this. If it's at cost or close to it than
           | I'd be curious to see the case.
           | 
           | > - Municipal broadband is hostile to business. Companies
           | cannot reasonably compete with a service that the government
           | pumps money into.
           | 
           | Who can do broadband is constrained by law which is hostile
           | to business. You can't just start and ISP and run lines to
           | homes. That's against the law most places.
           | 
           | Municipal broadband is often a work around to the other
           | hostile laws that benefit telephone companies and cable tv
           | companies which have staked out local monopolies most places.
        
             | hardtke wrote:
             | Your first point is important. Governments have protected
             | citizen's quality of life by restricting the number of
             | wires going around on poles and/or digging up of the
             | streets. This is why local governments created regulated
             | telephone and cable monopolies in the first place.
             | Unfortunately the regulated telephone and cable
             | infrastructure later become much more valuable due to the
             | emergence of broadband internet. The companies that owned
             | this infra then loaded up on debt based on the skyrocketing
             | value of this infrastructure and we are forced to pay for
             | this debt.
        
             | viraptor wrote:
             | > In the US there are usually limits on who can get on a
             | pole to run cables to homes to provide cable based
             | broadband. Utilities, cable TV companies, ...
             | 
             | I wonder if we'll ever see anyone trying to technically
             | sidestep this requirement. "We're a TV company, you can go
             | to this url to see our 'clear sky 24/7' channel. Also we
             | provide internet access."
        
         | amznthrwaway wrote:
         | If individual voters have contact with a portion of the
         | government that performs well and offers good value, it
         | undermines the Republican effort to vilify all publicly
         | provided services.
         | 
         | There are other talking points, but making municipal actions
         | illegal also stands against GOP talking points around local
         | government and control.
         | 
         | It's just an attempt to make sure people don't like their
         | government; because liking government is a gateway drug to
         | voting against Republicans.
        
         | antattack wrote:
         | Government employees tend to vote Democrat.
        
           | fuzzylightbulb wrote:
           | citation needed
        
             | antattack wrote:
             | Poll: Biden Leads Trump Among Federal Workforce by 28%
             | 
             | https://www.govexec.com/workforce/2020/09/poll-biden-
             | leads-t...
             | 
             | Democrats Lead Ranks of Both Union and State Workers
             | 
             | https://news.gallup.com/poll/146786/democrats-lead-ranks-
             | uni...
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | I suspect that Trump's policies working against the
               | federal workforce may have skewed those results.
               | 
               | For an example, see this:
               | 
               | https://www.govexec.com/pay-benefits/2020/02/white-house-
               | rev...
               | 
               | Not sure about state and local government employees.
        
         | nitwit005 wrote:
         | Despite all the discussion here, the real answer seems to be
         | that there is no such argument. As the article notes, they
         | won't even admit they're in favor of it:
         | 
         | > The proposed law was reportedly "inserted without prior
         | public discussion," and no state senator publicly sponsored the
         | amendment.
         | 
         | It's purely a favor to industry slipped in by some senator.
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | _The proposed law was reportedly "inserted without prior public
         | discussion," and no state senator publicly sponsored the
         | amendment._
         | 
         | They aren't even trying to make an argument, since they aren't
         | owning up to it. Maybe they were either just hoping it would
         | sneak by with no one noticing, or they just let the ISP lobby
         | write it and didn't bother to read it themselves.
        
         | justinzollars wrote:
         | This GOP argument is the capitalist argument. It also often
         | overlaps with centrist Democrats like the Clinton/neoliberal
         | view.
         | 
         | The government is not productive. The Government can't create
         | broadband because the government doesn't actually create
         | anything. But the government can implement a mandate, for
         | something like "broadband for all". It sounds great, but it
         | will fall short. The Government will inefficiently allocates
         | resources leading to downtime and shortages. The free market
         | allocates resources properly and will provide better and less
         | expensive broadband internet, at no cost to the tax payer.
        
           | azinman2 wrote:
           | > The free market allocates resources properly and will
           | provide better and less expensive broadband internet, at no
           | cost to the tax payer
           | 
           | I think the problem is that the opposite has actually
           | happened, which is what motivates municipal broadband.
        
           | jliptzin wrote:
           | So then why institute a ban? If opponents are so confident
           | that the private sector will do such a good job, let the
           | municipality compete with private providers and offer
           | residents the choice, see who wins.
        
             | Grimm1 wrote:
             | Largely because you're running that experiment at the
             | expense of tax payers.
        
               | akomtu wrote:
               | It's the taxpayers who want it and vote for this
               | experiment.
        
               | Grimm1 wrote:
               | Clearly not all of them or we wouldn't be in this thread
               | discussing it under this particular OP. I don't care
               | either way though I was just working through what the GOP
               | logic likely is. Not representing my own opinion.
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | It is rare, in the US at least, for any representative or
               | direct democratic situation to ask for _unanimous_
               | consent. Someone will almost certainly disagree once you
               | get past 1 voter (or one representative), and possibly
               | they 'll disagree with themselves.
               | 
               | What's interesting about this case is that the
               | municipalities have made moves towards this with their
               | own money and efforts. And it is the state which is
               | attempting to squash it, that is those around them. It
               | would be as if you said to your neighbors, "I'm going to
               | try and do something which will have zero impact on you,
               | like eating more vegetables that I grow at home." Then
               | they all gang up on you and deny you the right to grow
               | and consume your own vegetables. If the action were
               | harmful to you and your neighbors, like say you decided
               | to make meth in your home, then it could be a reasonable
               | response.
               | 
               | What about municipal broadband causes harm to those
               | outside the community which wants it such that their
               | representatives in the state legislature have any
               | reasonable standing to try and bar it?
        
           | dr-detroit wrote:
           | The infrastructure is/was built with our tax dollars. But GOP
           | are freeloader culture they dont want to pay me back just
           | take take take and then blame it on the blue place.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | akomtu wrote:
         | Another argument I've seen on redstate (a GOP news agency):
         | "and the left keep shifting goalposts of what speed is
         | considered broadband, they say you need 1 Gbps, while a typical
         | video stream fits in 3 Mbps, and reality is that 25 down / 5 up
         | is a great speed!" I guess the big ISPs don't forget to donate
         | to GOP.
        
       | nijave wrote:
       | Someone aptly mentioned in the Ars thread, Ohio runs an ISP--
       | OARnet and it's pretty successful
        
       | draw_down wrote:
       | This was such madness for them to do. Love that freedom.
        
       | pyrophane wrote:
       | I worry that when things like this happen, the real lesson
       | legislators take away is to be be more sneaky about it next time.
        
         | handrous wrote:
         | In my state there was a ballot measure passed by a large margin
         | (by voting standards, anyway). The legislature _hated_ it (it
         | had to do with making gerrymandering harder, among other
         | things), so they introduced another ballot measure ASAP that
         | read like did a couple very minor things that _seem_ like good
         | ideas, provided you don 't think about them too much, and that
         | was what the ballot measure highlighted--but also entirely
         | undid the most important parts of the prior measure.
         | 
         | It passed by like 1%. They lied and got what they wanted. 0%
         | chance a version of that with honest language would have
         | passed.
        
         | ianlevesque wrote:
         | You are right to worry. Remember net neutrality? Those were the
         | days.
        
       | pram wrote:
       | Would the broadband situation today be better or worse had the
       | Bell System been left in place as a monopoly, with the "universal
       | service" mandate?
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | The current broadband monopolies/duopolies are strangling the
         | US broadband markets (which lag the rest of the OECD), but I
         | think a bell world would have been even worse (and I'm a Bell
         | system fan!).
         | 
         | One good thing would be that the bell system really pursued
         | universal service, and did its best to raise the service
         | quality floor (e.g. they did install, or take over party lines,
         | but also did the work to eliminate such service for individual
         | lines). The QoS requirements in city center (how many times
         | they are allowed to have someone pick up a phone and have no
         | dial tone; how much capacity they needed to provision (the
         | famous Erlang unit) and so on) were the same for almost every
         | subscriber.
         | 
         | And even "disconnected" phone lines would still make a 911
         | call.
         | 
         | BUT
         | 
         | The flip side of what I said was true too: they didn't deploy a
         | service unless they could tariff it and had to. They had a
         | circuit-switched mentality and could't deal with packet-
         | switched architectures that didn't have a tollbooth. They
         | deployed ISDN and considered that an adequate data service.
         | 
         | Their regulation and tariffing also lead to mistakes. For
         | example the price to make a call was typically fixed and
         | regulated by state regulators. Thus calls to mobile phones were
         | the same as non-mobile phones with the person walking around
         | paying for the radio charge (there was less capacity) because
         | _they_ were the ones benefiting for the convenience. This is
         | why mobile phone numbers look the same as fixed ones in the
         | USA.
         | 
         | In Europe they went the opposite way: reciving a call on a
         | mobile device was free (just like receiving one on a landline)
         | while calling a mobile number cost extra. Thus mobile numbers
         | had different area codes so the caller could tell. This lead to
         | a huge uptake of mobile phones in the GSM territory while the
         | US mobile providers were stuck in their old bell mentality,
         | causing the US to be 10-15 years behind in mobile calling and
         | SMS.
        
       | dr-detroit wrote:
       | Take my access to voting I don't care just keep your hands off my
       | facebook dopamine drip and high speed pornography.
        
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