[HN Gopher] Canada: Hundreds of unmarked graves found at residen...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Canada: Hundreds of unmarked graves found at residential school
        
       Author : akbarnama
       Score  : 246 points
       Date   : 2021-06-24 14:09 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | steve_adams_86 wrote:
       | I'm not in favour of controlling language, but it's far past the
       | point that it's evident these institutions were not really
       | schools. I'm sure some learning occurred, and perhaps some
       | functioned in ways we might recognize as schools. However it
       | seems like a disservice to allow such an elevated label for such
       | a low and destructive institution.
       | 
       | Again, I'm not advocating controlling what people are allowed to
       | call them. Just, the word "school" implies this was somehow
       | positive or even positively intended. But these were not that, or
       | enough were not such that it seems we could have a more honest
       | term for what they were and what happened.
       | 
       | I'm not an indigenous person in Canada so I can't speak for them,
       | and I'm not trying to. Perhaps most of them are fine with
       | "residential school" and prefer to be more honest about the
       | history of it. It's just so egregiously incorrect to me to
       | continue to call them schools.
       | 
       | Perhaps the word 'residential' in association is enough to remind
       | people, as we expose more about them, that they weren't actually
       | a place meant to foster growth and learning and success. I don't
       | know. It just seems like such a bizarre name to continue using.
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | Detention centres seems too benign as well at first thought.
         | Cultural genocide and child murder centres feels more
         | appropriate - destroying not only culture but families and
         | communities - which clearly has caused continued multi-
         | generational dis-ease progression.
        
       | JohnWhigham wrote:
       | I find it very strange how little the genocide and forced re-
       | educations of Native Americans is focused on in schools. Winners
       | really do write all the narratives.
        
         | zapataband1 wrote:
         | No one told us about the forced experiments, about bringing the
         | nazi drs back to the US with us, the bombing of black communist
         | communities, black wall street etc, CIA interventions in latin
         | america, and essentially forcibly under-developing the rest of
         | the world.
         | 
         | Only about how 'awesome' we were in WW2 when arguably the
         | soviets played a much larger role in crushing fascism.
        
           | javagram wrote:
           | > about bringing the nazi drs back to the US with us
           | 
           | Pretty sure that Wernher von Braun makes an appearance in
           | pretty much any history book that covers the Space Race,
           | along with a mention that he and his colleagues had
           | originally worked on the German V-2.
        
           | cambalache wrote:
           | "Arguably"
           | 
           | hahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahaha
        
       | kube-system wrote:
       | My great grandparents survived an Indian School in the US. They
       | grew up with none of their traditional culture as a result --
       | they were forced to be "white". I sometimes wonder what culture
       | they could have passed down to me as a child, had they been
       | allowed to partake in it themselves. Instead it just feels like a
       | fragment of my family's genealogical culture that has been lost
       | to intentional destruction.
        
         | ghthor wrote:
         | You can pull it back out of the ether if you listen close
         | enough. All your ancestors are here speaking to you, all is not
         | lost.
        
           | geranim0 wrote:
           | Ether? Elaborate.
        
       | glangdale wrote:
       | It seems like time to pull out the ground-penetrating radar at,
       | well, anywhere the church-y types have been allowed custody of
       | children. The Irish "homes for fallen women", for example.
       | 
       | It's amazing, in Australia, how religious types are still by
       | default trusted with children and welfare in general, and even
       | state-subsidized to continue doing what they do. We've had a raft
       | of scandals like this (and rape scandals, and child abuse
       | scandals), yet the taxpayer continues to fork over major $$$ to
       | subsidize religious schools and charities. It's one of the things
       | the USA got broadly right, by contrast.
        
       | alex_anglin wrote:
       | For those unaware of the history here, 'Residential School' is a
       | misnomer for what these institutions were. There are plenty of
       | details on Wikipedia [1] for those seeking more information.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Indian_residential_sc...
        
         | trutannus wrote:
         | Residential school is a coy name for "internment and
         | reeducation camps for children".
        
           | hnuser847 wrote:
           | Now for the real eye opener - all compulsory schooling can be
           | described as "internment and reeducation camps for children".
           | Children are taken from their parents, forced to learned a
           | standardized dialect of the dominant language, indoctrinated
           | with myths and ideals that are useful for the state, taught
           | history that's heavily skewed to present the nation in a
           | positive light, and trained that obedience to authority
           | figures is highly desirable.
           | 
           | Rulers throughout history have found it useful for their
           | subjects to speak the same language, pray to the same gods,
           | and extoll the same values. The goal of compulsory education
           | has always been to assimilate people into a single culture.
        
             | trutannus wrote:
             | I think it's pretty disingenuous to compare the residential
             | school system to the compulsory public school system. Yes,
             | the standard school system is skewed towards a positive
             | view of the state _in North America_ (note Germany as a
             | counter-example), but they 're summer camps compared to the
             | residential schools. You won't be beaten by a teacher for
             | speaking Arabic if you're Afghan for example.
        
               | beerandt wrote:
               | Cajun-French almost went extinct, and it was illegal for
               | a long time to speak it.
               | 
               | Immigrants from all over were forced in school to use
               | English and punished for speaking their ancestors'
               | languages.
               | 
               | And physical punishment was pretty standard until
               | recently, and a surprising number of schools still give
               | spankings.
               | 
               | There might be things that need to be addressed with
               | residential schools, but Americanizing (Canadianizing?)
               | children and forcing English while banning ancestral
               | language and culture were the norm across the continent.
        
         | stavros wrote:
         | So more like concentration camps for children?
        
           | hluska wrote:
           | Precisely concentration camps for children. :(
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | Yay :(
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | I wouldn't say precisely concentration camps for children -
             | at least not late-war concentration camps that were focused
             | precisely on eliminating the population. I'm not saying
             | residential schools were good in anyway - I just don't want
             | to minimize just how bad the nazis were... Residential
             | schools were pretty close to the US internment camps of
             | Japanese citizens though.
        
               | glangdale wrote:
               | You are conflating "concentration camp" with
               | "extermination/death camp". The modern "concentration
               | camps" were invented by the British during the Boer war.
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | Okay folks, I've got to put a trigger warning here. This
               | next paragraph is absolutely brutal - it's physical,
               | sexual abuse and infanticide. :(
               | 
               | This may be a time when we need a new word. Residential
               | school doesn't quite capture the horror, the unbelievable
               | level of physical and sexual abuse or the endless stories
               | from residential schools across Canada of babies
               | conceived in sexual assault being taken from their
               | mothers and thrown into furnaces.
               | 
               | I'd really recommend reading some of the testimony from
               | the survivors. These places were a special form of evil.
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | > The school system was created to remove Indigenous children
         | from the influence of their own culture and assimilate them
         | into the dominant Canadian culture.
         | 
         | So... Basically the goal of current Chinese re-education camps,
         | only applied to the indigenous Canadian population?
         | 
         | How 'nice' to frame that as a 'school'.
        
           | gnulinux wrote:
           | It wouldn't be farfetched to call these institutions
           | concentration camps for indigenous Canadian children, given
           | that mass graveyards were found. It's not unusual to disguise
           | concentrations camps under euphemistic names such as
           | "Internment Facilities". [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internment_of_Japanese_Amer
           | ica...
        
             | throw0101a wrote:
             | > _given that mass graveyards were found._
             | 
             | They were just graveyards. Nothing "mass" about them. A
             | mass grave is where a backhoe is used to open a giant pit
             | and dump bodies in _en masse_.
             | 
             | These are just individuals dying and graves made for them
             | as needed. Given most of these were run starting in the
             | 1890s and the first-half of the twentieth century,
             | mortality rates were quite high. Reminder: penicillin was
             | only generally available after 1945.
             | 
             | Before that, it didn't matter if you were the US
             | President's son, life could be extremely fragile:
             | 
             | > _The general story is well-known: while playing lawn
             | tennis with his brother on the White House grounds,
             | sixteen-year-old Calvin [Coolidge], Jr. developed a blister
             | atop the third toe of his right foot. Before long, the boy
             | began to feel ill and ran a fever. Signs of a blood
             | infection appeared, but despite doctors' best efforts,
             | young Calvin, Jr. was dead within a week._
             | 
             | * https://coolidgefoundation.org/blog/the-medical-context-
             | of-c...
             | 
             | A little while ago there was a news article from BC about a
             | former school having 210 graves. People seem to have been
             | shocked that this number was 'high', but it seems that most
             | people didn't do the math: the school ran for over 70
             | years, and with that many graves, all you need is 3 deaths
             | a year over the decades to get to that number.
             | 
             | Given historical child mortality rates, 3 isn't a crazy-
             | high number IMHO:
             | 
             | * https://www.statista.com/statistics/1041751/canada-all-
             | time-...
        
               | ignoramous wrote:
               | It is one thing for a white kid to die from playing golf
               | or tennis, and another to pass laws, giving a free reign
               | to those who are more than willing to torture colored
               | kids to death.
        
             | sgallant wrote:
             | Yes. Death (and rape) camps for children.
             | 
             | [1] This is a very good interview with Murray Sinclair, the
             | former chair of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
             | where he states:
             | 
             | "The parents were often not notified that their children
             | have died and little effort was made to get the bodies
             | home"
             | 
             | The government stopped documenting child deaths in 1920 at
             | these "schools" because the death rates were so high. They
             | documented 3,200 child deaths by 1920 but experts estimate
             | the number increased up to 25,000 by the time last
             | residential school closed in 1996.
             | 
             | Could you imagine what it would be like to have the police
             | take your child away to an institution then to never hear
             | from them again?
             | 
             | I'm so sad for the children and parents who had to endure
             | this.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/the-current-for-
             | june-2-2...
        
             | slipframe wrote:
             | > _Interment_ [euphemism for] _concentration camp_
             | 
             | "Concentration camp" is a euphemism when you're actually
             | talking about death/extermination camps.
             | 
             | The difference between an "internment camp" and a
             | "concentration camp" isn't entirely clear to me, but the
             | terms were originally meant to mean what they say at face
             | value: camps where people are concentrated or interned. The
             | interment camps for Japanese Americans were concentration
             | camps in the literal face-value meaning of the at term.
             | They took a group of people that was spread out over the
             | whole west cost and concentrated them down into a few small
             | camps.
             | 
             | A camp that is purpose built to exterminate people, not
             | merely concentrate them, should be called an extermination
             | camp. In casual conversation, extermination camps are often
             | called concentration camps, but that is euphemistic.
        
           | em500 wrote:
           | Yes. It's easy to paint the current Chinese policies as
           | barbaric, but such was the official policy in democratic
           | Canada (and the US, which had similar policies) barely a
           | generation ago. It does not justify current Chinese minority
           | policy, but it does make them more understandable and
           | relatable.
           | 
           | It also suggests to me that outside pressures for policy
           | change in China are probably largely futile. Would the
           | Canadian or American Natives policies have changed much under
           | foreign pressure?
        
             | isoprophlex wrote:
             | The hell these policies become "relatable". I can
             | understand why these policies are made, but relate to them?
             | I want to see a better world. I won't compromise and relate
             | to policies causing destruction of human rights.
             | 
             | I'm saying this as a hyper-privileged, cuddled native of a
             | country that acquired it's position on the world stage in
             | part by enslaving other humans. We were homicidal,
             | genocidal asshats, just like the Canadians with those
             | natives, just like the Chinese with their Uyghur
             | population.
             | 
             | We're a violent race. If we want to be better, we shouldn't
             | tolerate any of our shitty behavior, and we shouldn't
             | soften the messaging when talking about abject atrocities.
        
               | em500 wrote:
               | "Relatable" in the sense that you can imagine that if you
               | grew up in Canada or the USA one or two generations ago,
               | you could easily have been supportive such policies
               | yourself in your own country.
        
             | jszymborski wrote:
             | > It does not justify current Chinese minority policy, but
             | it does make them more understandable and relatable.
             | 
             | Does it? Strong democracies don't assure that atrocities
             | don't happen, it just means that governments are able to be
             | held accountable for them.
             | 
             | There will never be a Truth and Reconilliation commission
             | in Xi Jinping's China, and there certainly is no mechanism
             | by which any consequences can be had for their actions.
             | 
             | Canadian's and their politicians are faced with this
             | current atrocity, and its politicians may face consequences
             | if such actions were to continue or aren't reconciled.
             | 
             | I would say that actually the extent to which it is
             | possible that politicians do not face consequences is a
             | reflection of weaknesses in the representation of our
             | democracy (e.g.: first-past-the-post, voter suppression,
             | etc..)
        
               | michael1999 wrote:
               | Never say never. I expect de Klerk never expected to
               | testify to his crimes either.
        
               | p_j_w wrote:
               | >Strong democracies don't assure that atrocities don't
               | happen, it just means that governments are able to be
               | held accountable for them.
               | 
               | Has any government been held accountable for the
               | "Residential School" system? No. Governments have
               | apologized after the fact for actions of previous
               | instances of the government. There has been zero
               | accountability on the matter. Same with the atrocities,
               | against first nations or slaves, here in the US.
               | 
               | >There will never be a Truth and Reconilliation
               | commission in Xi Jinping's China
               | 
               | Likewise, there wasn't a T&R commission in under the
               | Canadian governments that were in charge while these acts
               | were committed.
               | 
               | >its politicians may face consequences if such actions
               | were to continue or aren't reconciled.
               | 
               | >I would say that actually the extent to which it is
               | possible that politicians do not face consequences is a
               | reflection of weaknesses in the representation of our
               | democracy
               | 
               | These statements are true only to the extent that the
               | atrocities are politically unpopular. We don't need to
               | look very far, temporally or spatially, to find examples
               | of genocide being politically popular.
               | 
               | I'm glad I live in a liberal democracy and not under a
               | dictatorship or some other kind of authoritarian system,
               | but we shouldn't pretend that our form of government is
               | capable of doing all, or even very much, of the hard work
               | of respecting human rights for us. That's a key
               | ingredient in the recipe to backsliding.
        
             | loceng wrote:
             | If the democratic-free nations of the world made a multi-
             | lateral trade agreement then all manufacturing could come
             | back and buying power of the CCP would greatly reduce.
        
           | MomoXenosaga wrote:
           | Yes I have always held that what happened to the "First
           | Nations" in North America is not so different from the Uighur
           | situation.
           | 
           | Only difference is that America's genocide was already
           | successfully completed. The original inhabitants in Canada
           | have been disenfranchised and marginalized.
        
       | vkou wrote:
       | The most depressing thing is the lack of prosecution for the
       | perpetrators of these crimes.
       | 
       | It sends a clear message that this sort of thing _is_ something
       | the country can live with.
        
       | cperciva wrote:
       | Important missing context: The school in question was built on
       | top of a cemetary.
        
       | adventured wrote:
       | > Between 1863 and 1998, more than 150,000 indigenous children
       | were taken from their families and placed in these schools. The
       | children were often not allowed to speak their language or to
       | practice their culture, and many were mistreated and abused.
       | 
       | This is still going on in Europe today. Denmark has a large scale
       | cultural genocide program similar to what Canada did to their
       | indigenous population, except it targets Muslim children instead.
       | The openly stated goal is to sterilize Muslims in Denmark of
       | their own culture and force them to be acceptably Danish. The
       | Europeans seem to be entirely fine with it, apparently, judging
       | by the near complete lack of serious political effort to try to
       | make Denmark stop the attack on Muslims and their culture.
        
         | BonoboIO wrote:
         | That Sounds like utter QAnon Bullshit
        
         | 0xdeadc0de wrote:
         | Could you point me to any new sources on this?
        
           | tokai wrote:
           | I think adventured is interpreting danish integration
           | policies a bit too harsly when it is calling them genocidal.
           | They are hard though, and there is a current of xenophobia in
           | danish policy making.
           | 
           | It would be more relevant in this case to mention that
           | Denmark did very similar things, as Canada, towards the
           | Greenlandic population during the last century. Utilising
           | forced adaptations of kids, suppressing greenlandic language
           | and culture, and force moving communities to hinder them
           | being able to live in a traditional greenlandic way.
        
             | neom wrote:
             | If you happened to be Danish, I watched this 30 min minidoc
             | the other day and it was eye opening, I was curious how
             | accurate it is: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9A1LtmxkAYk
             | - If you have some time, i'd love to know. Thanks.
        
               | tokai wrote:
               | Skimmed through it. Seems mostly accurate. There is a lot
               | of laws made explicitly to control the muslim minority.
               | There is something about it that feels off to me though.
               | Maybe its the "oh wholesome Denmark is actually awful".
               | It's not really a dark secret, nationalistic populism has
               | been on the rise in all of Europe for 20+ years.
               | 
               | The scene with the 'antifascists' being used as an
               | argument for the animosity in Danish society seems
               | construed imo. We don't see what lead up to it. But if I
               | saw someone vlogging with his pals in that spot, just
               | after a Paludan 'event', I would also tell them to stop
               | filming. That corner as been used as hangout for a gang,
               | and coupled with the boiling atmosphere in the
               | neighbourhood its not really safe. Regardless I find the
               | video factual but very bombastic.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | What should Denmark do then? Stop accepting migrants? Also is
         | there even a serious source for this?
        
       | scruffyherder wrote:
       | Canadian schools are pure trash. The only people surprised by all
       | of this are as always Canadians.
       | 
       | They treated left handed people pretty shitty too but luckily
       | they didn't get the chance to send us to concentration camps to
       | die.
       | 
       | I'm definitely never sending my kids to Canada, I'll send them to
       | Beijing way before that.
        
         | ghthor wrote:
         | Yes, Canada has really been showing it's TRUE colors with how
         | the government is handling covid. Fascism and propaganda are
         | close to heart. I feel for all the mennonite communities and
         | pray for them every day.
        
         | hluska wrote:
         | Being left handed and cultural genocide have absolutely nothing
         | in common.
        
           | scruffyherder wrote:
           | They do, it's how the schools are designed to encourage
           | bullying and bearings from staff and teachers.
           | 
           | It was not one school or one teacher.
           | 
           | Of course Canadians just want to pretend it was just one
           | group they screwed with, I'm just simply pointing out that it
           | was NOT an isolated thing that Canadian schools are pure
           | trash.
        
             | allannienhuis wrote:
             | I don't believe that ensuring children conformed to the
             | current cultural norm was or is unique to Canadian schools.
             | 
             | My mother was left-handed and was forced to write, etc with
             | her right hand by her Dutch teachers, as were all other
             | lefties. Force included bloody knuckles from rulers wielded
             | by teachers and other corporal punishments. I've heard
             | similar stories from other lefties from other countries.
             | 
             | Schools were (are?) about teaching children to confirm as
             | much as teaching them reading and math, etc - I think that
             | was a pretty universal thing in previous generations. Just
             | because your experience was in Canada doesn't mean there
             | was anything specifically Canadian about it.
        
           | scruffyherder wrote:
           | Also left handed is culture, but some conformist righty
           | wouldn't understand so instead we had it beaten out of us .
        
             | hluska wrote:
             | You're equating being a left handed person to being stolen
             | from your parents, beaten and raped? That is one of the
             | most disrespectful, disgusting things that I have ever read
             | on this website. You need to seriously read up on history
             | and learn a bit before you ever say that to anyone again.
             | 
             | That is complete and utter racist garbage.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Please don't respond to bad comment with a worse one, nor
               | attack other users personally regardless of how wrong
               | they are or you feel they are. All of that just makes the
               | thread even worse.
               | 
               | If you wouldn't mind reviewing
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and
               | taking the intended spirit of the site more to heart,
               | we'd be grateful. Note this one:
               | 
               | " _Don 't feed egregious comments by replying; flag them
               | instead._"
               | 
               | a.k.a. please don't feed the trolls
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | I'm sorry Dan - I was in a really bad spot after I saw
               | the press conference. I know the Chief of the Cowessess
               | First Nation. It's no excuse but I was in an awful awful
               | place. I'm sorry.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Understood and I appreciate the kind reply.
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | I owe you for calling me out. That was over the top and
               | I'm pretty embarrassed. Thanks for being kind to me -
               | you're loved and appreciated.
        
       | brailsafe wrote:
       | I recently came to learn--for those also unaware--that it wasn't
       | just indigenous people that were put into residential schools.
       | There were also the Doukhobors among probably other groups.
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doukhobors
        
       | neom wrote:
       | I'm mad as hell about this. My father was the executive director
       | of Anishinaabe Community Counseling, a mental health services
       | non-profit set up by the federal and provincial government in
       | North Western Ontario. I spent a lot of time on and around the
       | reserves, and it's not like this stuff was unknown. People told
       | stories often about the residential schools, people wouldn't go
       | near certain areas because they knew what was there. I can't
       | believe I'm saying this, but as a Canadian I would echo Chinas
       | call for a full human rights inquiry at the international level.
       | If Canada is seriously about truth and reconciliation, we need to
       | do more than just continue to publish reports acknowledging the
       | wrongs committed, we need real change in Canadian society. The
       | recommendations put forward by the government never go far
       | enough, and frankly, the Indian Act is stain on our country.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | What does Canada need to do and what will it accomplish?
        
           | jsjsbdkj wrote:
           | We had a multi-year project called the Truth and
           | Reconciliation Comnmission which came up with a very
           | exhaustive collection of testimony and calls to action. Their
           | findings are heart-breaking, and the government has done
           | nothing to follow through on their findings:
           | http://www.trc.ca/about-us/trc-findings.html
           | 
           | If you just want the 94 calls to action, they're summarized
           | here:
           | http://www.trc.ca/assets/pdf/Calls_to_Action_English2.pdf
        
             | michael1999 wrote:
             | We got the Truth. But did nothing about the Reconciliation.
        
           | neom wrote:
           | Remove the Indian Act.
           | 
           | Integration of aboriginal culture into the Canadian education
           | system. Not just offering an aboriginal studies class, but
           | truly taking the native perspective into the education
           | system. Most native people I've talked with don't take
           | advantage of their free educational affordances because they
           | don't want to continue to be whitewashed/don't feel
           | comfortable in institutions that don't understand their
           | culture/are understandably extremely scared of "education" in
           | Canada given the residential school system.
           | 
           | Including traditional aboriginal health practises into the
           | health care system, both mandating and expanding the services
           | that are covered by our national insurance, but allowing a
           | medicine man to charge OHIP for their time performing
           | service. People don't die on reserves because they're lazy
           | drunks(as is often portrayed), they die because they don't
           | trust the Canadian health care system.
           | 
           | Adding Ojibway as an official language (either federally, or
           | mandate the provinces provide services in the predominant
           | native language of that territory).
           | 
           | Guaranteed seats in the Canadian parliament.
           | 
           | All of that on top of continuing the repreve on on taxation,
           | and in my likely unpopular opinion, a reexamination of
           | reparation.
           | 
           | What will it accomplish? It will only serve to minimally undo
           | the damage that was inflicted upon these people by
           | colonialists, my forefathers.
        
             | hervature wrote:
             | I'm sorry, but many of these ideas are nonsensical and ill-
             | defined.
             | 
             | > Integration of aboriginal culture into the Canadian
             | education system.
             | 
             | No thank you. I prefer the education to be secular. At this
             | point, we have many more people from other cultures. So
             | many cultures that integrating all of them into the
             | education system becomes contradictory. The issues that
             | natives have with the education system have nothing to do
             | with the content. In fact, having "aboriginal first"
             | education on reservations might seem like a feel-good idea
             | that everyone wants but actually sets them up for failure
             | by presenting a huge barrier to entry when going to normal
             | universities. The exact "whitewashing" barrier you are
             | talking about.
             | 
             | > Including traditional aboriginal health practises into
             | the health care system [...] they die because they don't
             | trust the Canadian health care system.
             | 
             | Sure, as long as the treatment being offered has at least
             | an iota of scientific evidence of efficacy.
             | 
             | > Adding Ojibway as an official language (either federally,
             | or mandate the provinces provide services in the
             | predominant native language of that territory).
             | 
             | Just sounds ridiculous when Ojibway is not even the most
             | spoken aboriginal language. Less than 1% of the population
             | is a has an aboriginal language as a mother tongue. Making
             | any of these languages as an official language is just an
             | extremely costly virtue signal that doesn't actually help
             | anyone.
             | 
             | > Guaranteed seats in the Canadian parliament.
             | 
             | Guaranteeing seats, for any group of people, is always a
             | bad idea and should not even be entertained. Look at the
             | demographics [1]. 5% by population but have something
             | closer to 6% of federal districts where they have the
             | plurality of the vote. Seems like the system is working.
             | 
             | > and in my likely unpopular opinion, a reexamination of
             | reparation.
             | 
             | Funnily enough, that's the only thing I agree with you.
             | Finding a way forward via their input and not excluding
             | them by chatting on an online forum.
             | 
             | [1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_C
             | anada#U...
        
               | neom wrote:
               | While I don't agree with your perspectives, I'm certainly
               | not going to call them nonsense or ill defined. I would
               | not expect you to write a novel on hackernews laying out
               | the full nuances of your thoughts, and I'd appreciate
               | you'd extend me the same courtesy. Two nitpicks in your
               | reply if I may. I would not propose on-reserve of first
               | nations universities or anything like that, I would
               | propose a total re-architecture of what you called
               | 'normal' universities in collaboration with the first
               | nations peoples. I mentioned Ojibway because in the
               | discussion around this, there has been a feeling in the
               | first nations that a push towards a wider adoption of
               | Ojibway might be acceptable. However, I couched it in the
               | event that was not the case, hence suggesting giving the
               | power to the provinces.
        
             | stackedinserter wrote:
             | > taking the native perspective into the education system >
             | Including traditional aboriginal health practises into the
             | health care system
             | 
             | Thanks, but no thanks.
             | 
             | > People don't die on reserves because they're lazy
             | drunks(as is often portrayed), they die because they don't
             | trust the Canadian health care system
             | 
             | Interesting take. When a white person doesn't trust
             | "official healthcare", they are
             | bigots/antiwaxers/idiots/you name it. But if they belong to
             | FN, it turns out to be a noble thing. All of a sudden,
             | "we've been doing it for hundreds of years" trumps science.
        
             | theluketaylor wrote:
             | I also want to see us pour far more resources and money
             | into First Nations' lead preservation of as many languages
             | as we can. Without native speakers languages die and so
             | does the culture that produced them.
        
             | hluska wrote:
             | I'd vote for you.
             | 
             | The Indian Act is a truly messed up document with all these
             | clauses that ultimately remove status from people. I'd be
             | incredibly happy if they removed it, provided it was
             | replaced with something designed by Indigenous people for
             | Indigenous people.
             | 
             | I'm from Saskatchewan where an almost unbelievable number
             | of people believe Indigenous people pay no taxes. That's
             | not true at all but that sure fuels a lot of racism. Under
             | the Indian Act, a person with status does not pay federal
             | income tax on any money they earn on reserve. Some reserves
             | have almost no opportunity so it ends up being a hollow
             | benefit. I figure we have to either teach non-Indigenous
             | people how the Indian Act really works, replace it
             | entirely, build strong economies on reserves or extend the
             | tax free status to any employment in Canada.
             | 
             | I love the idea of integrating Indigenous culture and
             | health practices into our system and making them available
             | for everyone. The First Nations University of Canada is a
             | start. Sadly, if you watch the press conference in an hour,
             | the Chief of the Cowessess First Nation (Cadmus Delorme)
             | graduated from FNUniv, was heavily involved in their
             | students association, hosted Prince Charles and Camilla
             | when they were here a decade ago and then worked in Student
             | Recruitment. It is a wonderful place...
             | 
             | I'd also like to see a more interesting path for Indigenous
             | kids who are being released from the criminal justice
             | system. In my city, when kids are released, one of the
             | biggest programs teaches them how to be short order cooks
             | and dishwashers. That's fine, but it ignores that some of
             | these kids are absolutely brilliant and can do so much
             | more. We could have art based programs, tech based
             | programs, teach them OSCP or any of a wide variety of
             | possibilities. But it's pretty hard on a kid to go from
             | making $1,000 a day selling drugs to $12 an hour slanging
             | french fries. I think if our system acknowledged their
             | talent and potential the world would only get a little
             | better.
             | 
             | I'd also love if they expanded Gladue factors in criminal
             | justice sentencing, as well as started using more
             | traditional Indigenous forms of restorative justice.
             | Sentencing circles for example are not 'going easy' on
             | crime. They're hard on crime but in a way that's distinctly
             | Indigenous and that fits in with their entire culture,
             | religion and belief system.
             | 
             | On a more personal level, I wish that everyone in Canada
             | was as open about referring to colonialists as their
             | forefathers as you are. Right away, just that small bit of
             | personal responsibility could change the tone of dialogue.
             | 
             | And finally, honestly friend, your reparations idea will be
             | unpopular, but you are 100% correct. It's necessary...
        
               | neom wrote:
               | I'm a 6th generation Canadian on my father's side, my
               | mother immigrated from Scotland. I'm about as colonialist
               | as they come. I agree with everything you said. I just
               | wanted to add one thing... I don't hold my views out of
               | some misplaced or misguided post-colonial white guilt. I
               | hold my views because of the reality of the situation. I
               | cannot stand the "I will not pay for what happened
               | generations before me" stance, I just cannot tolerate it.
               | Even if one was to feel that, it so illogical with
               | regards to the reality on the floor in Canada that I just
               | cannot entertain it. If we do not do the best we can to
               | back ourselves out of forced entry into an existing
               | "Canadian" society, and then try to reintegrate with the
               | guidance and permission of the natives, the future of
               | Canada, in my opinion, is not at all bright. I realize
               | some reading this may find my perspective extreme,
               | nevertheless, I hold this belief deeply.
        
               | requin246 wrote:
               | The issue with assigning guilt from the actions of
               | ancestors is that not everyone is guilty.
               | 
               | I'm first generation Canadian. Is it fair that I should
               | pay for the sins of your great grandfathers when mine
               | weren't even in the country? Canada accepts 300k
               | immigrants per year. Since the closure of the residential
               | schools, (very roughly speaking) 9m people have entered
               | the country so it's not a small number we're talking
               | about here.
               | 
               | There's also the added issue that not everyone supported
               | the residential schools. What if my ancestors protested
               | the system? Should I still pay reparations?
               | 
               | I agree the quality of life on the reserves is a real
               | problem that needs to be fixed but pushing the blame on
               | the children of the settlers (or not even their
               | children!) is not a good solution.
        
               | alisonatwork wrote:
               | I am also a first generation Canadian. If you became a
               | citizen at least in the past 10 years (not sure about
               | before), you perhaps remember the Discover Canada
               | guide[0], which we were asked to study prior to taking
               | our citizenship oath. It discusses the multicultural
               | nature of Canada and gives special mention to the unique
               | status of its indigenous peoples. When we choose to
               | become Canadians, we accept the same responsibilities
               | that Canadians whose ancestors were born here have. That
               | includes sharing responsibility for reconciliation, and
               | perhaps also reparations for poor decisions that were
               | made in generations past.
               | 
               | One outcome of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
               | report (published 2015) was a proposal made for a change
               | to the oath of citizenship to clarify this
               | responsibility[1]. That change has now been made. It was
               | used for the first time on June 22[2]. Hopefully this
               | will help new Canadians to better understand what
               | becoming a Canadian means.
               | 
               | There is no intention here to assign guilt. There is
               | simply an understanding that as Canadians we have a
               | responsibility to the indigenous peoples of the land that
               | we now inhabit.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-
               | citizenship/co...
               | 
               | [1] https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-
               | citizenship/ne...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-
               | citizenship/ne...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | neom wrote:
               | Personally I think it's rather naive to immigrate to a
               | country and then not to expect to inherit what comes with
               | that, both the good and the bad. I think everyone who
               | claims themselves as a Canadian hold this responsibility
               | equally, I don't really care what generation Canadian you
               | are or where you immigrated from, you don't get to pick
               | and choose your Canadianness, we're all in this together.
               | Isn't that part of the beauty of Canada? To embrace each
               | other, tackle hard problems, and move our society
               | forward?
        
               | michael1999 wrote:
               | This isn't really about blame, or individuals (although I
               | do wish we pursued criminal priests and nuns half as
               | thoroughly as we do aging nazis). It certainly isn't (or
               | shouldn't be) about descendants inheriting some kind of
               | blood-guilt. This is about the necessity of
               | reconciliation, and justice.
               | 
               | The Canadian Crown made solemn promises in the form of
               | treaties. Either Canada stands by a promise, or it
               | doesn't. We are all bound. If you don't feel you should
               | be held to a Canadian promise, you might reconsider your
               | conception of being Canadian.
        
               | 908B64B197 wrote:
               | > It certainly isn't (or shouldn't be) about descendants
               | inheriting some kind of blood-guilt.
               | 
               | But they did cash their inheritance checks.
               | 
               | > The Canadian Crown made solemn promises in the form of
               | treaties. Either Canada stands by a promise
               | 
               | What about
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Acadians
        
               | michael1999 wrote:
               | What about it? I believe we should honour our treaties.
               | It is shameful when we don't. Did I suggest otherwise?
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | I don't think it's extreme at all. Honestly, I'm touched
               | by your words - you're 100% correct, I love your
               | perspective and you are an absolutely wonderful person.
               | This conversation has been an absolute honour.
               | 
               | My Dad was in the RCMP. I was born on reserve and spent a
               | large part of my youth on and around reserve. My Dad did
               | some bad things and his uniform is certainly not absolved
               | of guilt. A lot of my privilege came because of his job.
               | It's quite sad to know how much I've benefited from white
               | privilege and this entire awful system.
               | 
               | I will happily pay for what happened. My privilege is as
               | obvious as oxygen and I have gained tremendous advantages
               | as the result of an awful system. I will happily pay,
               | never stop paying and advocate until I'm blue in the
               | face. Worst case scenario, we might change some minds.
               | Best case scenario, we might change some worlds.
               | 
               | Thank you friend - you're a wonderful person and I
               | genuinely appreciate this support and fellowship. I just
               | saw a press conference where they announced 751 possible
               | graves in Cowessess. That's 751 missing Kookums and
               | Mooshums...:(
               | 
               | I really needed to read your words.
        
               | 908B64B197 wrote:
               | > My Dad was in the RCMP. I was born on reserve and spent
               | a large part of my youth on and around reserve. My Dad
               | did some bad things and his uniform is certainly not
               | absolved of guilt. A lot of my privilege came because of
               | his job. It's quite sad to know how much I've benefited
               | from white privilege and this entire awful system.
               | 
               | > I will happily pay for what happened. My privilege is
               | as obvious as oxygen and I have gained tremendous
               | advantages as the result of an awful system. I will
               | happily pay, never stop paying and advocate until I'm
               | blue in the face. Worst case scenario, we might change
               | some minds. Best case scenario, we might change some
               | worlds.
               | 
               | Are you willing to give-up your father's inheritance?
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | Sure am.
        
             | Tiktaalik wrote:
             | The notion of simply removing the Indian act is too
             | simplistic and a flawed idea because of the fact that so
             | many rights that Indigenous people have stem from the act.
             | Removing the act would remove their rights.
             | 
             | Ending the Indian Act was proposed decades ago by Trudeau
             | Senior in the famous White Paper, and this idea was panned
             | by indigenous groups.
             | 
             | The Indian Act needs to go away in general terms, but it
             | will be part of the more complex task of creating real
             | First Nations governance in this country.
        
         | f38zf5vdt wrote:
         | The scale of death at residential schools was known since at
         | least 1907.
         | 
         | > Upon taking the job, Bryce began (in his words) the
         | "systematic collection of health statistics of the several
         | hundred Indian bands scattered over Canada." In 1907, Bryce
         | released a report drawing attention to the fact that, according
         | to his surveys, roughly one-quarter of all Indigenous children
         | attending residential schools had died from tuberculosis: "of a
         | total of 1537 pupils reported upon nearly 25 per cent are dead,
         | of one school with an absolutely accurate statement, 69 per
         | cent of ex-pupils are dead, and that everywhere the almost
         | invariable cause of death given is tuberculosis." [1]
         | 
         | Bryce, a whistleblower, was defunded and removed from his
         | position over reporting on it. The government moved to stop
         | collecting statistics on infectious diseases in residential
         | schools afterwards.
         | 
         | > as a Canadian I would echo Chinas call for a full human
         | rights inquiry at the international level.
         | 
         | Not to diminish the tragedy of this, but China's genocide is
         | current and ongoing. Their call for an investigation is an
         | attempt to deflect from that. Canada should be doing something,
         | but not on account of China's urging. That's like Nazi Germany
         | asking for an inquiry into American Slavery. Of course it was
         | wrong and tragic.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.cmaj.ca/content/192/9/E223
        
         | beiller wrote:
         | I think China is just trying to take pot shots and their
         | comments on the situation really just shows how their
         | leadership appears to act like children. Yes the residential
         | schools are an atrocity. The children were stolen from their
         | parents under a "best intentions" situation and died of disease
         | that they had little natural immunity brought over via
         | Europeans and buried in unmarked graves because the Christians
         | thought they were all going to hell. Nice to see 2 churches
         | burned down under suspicious circumstances in Canada recently.
         | Maybe the church should be shouldering more of the blame here
         | perhaps?
        
           | SonicScrub wrote:
           | > I think China is just trying to take pot shots and their
           | comments on the situation really just shows how their
           | leadership appears to act like children
           | 
           | Yes. The reasoning behind their statements is a a way to
           | distract from Canadian criticisms of Chinese human rights
           | abuses, but the political agendas behind their statements do
           | not make them any less true.
           | 
           | > Maybe the church should be shouldering more of the blame
           | here perhaps?
           | 
           | I see this sentiment a lot in Canada with regards to the "who
           | should be responsible for fixing this" question. The Church
           | bearing all the responsibility gives most Canadians the
           | convenient out of feeling deeply uncomfortable with a core
           | part of their identity being associated with these horrific
           | crimes. All Canadians are Canadian, but only some Canadians
           | are Catholic after all. The history of these events tell us
           | that both the government and the church were heavily
           | involved, so I don't find the question "well which entity is
           | MORE at fault" to be particularly useful.
        
             | soperj wrote:
             | Just to be clear, it wasn't just the catholic church that
             | was running these, there was also the anglican church.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | It was more than even then two, a great many
               | denominations ran residential schools.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | yeah I see the presbys in there as well. I just knew the
               | Anglican Church was involved off the top of my head,
               | because they ran the Residential school in my city.
        
             | beiller wrote:
             | Well at least we agree on one tiny part of the above. I
             | guess I was a bit callous in my reply. This news has set of
             | a somewhat violent chain reaction in Canada. I'm glad the
             | news came out but lately I am disturbed how much "news" is
             | just overhyping and conveniently lacking details in order
             | to drive ad revenue, and this is the perfect story for
             | that. Many people who I speak to are under the assumption
             | that there was government run mass children murdering
             | squads killing native American children execution style. I
             | am very sympathetic to the atrocities native American
             | people went through _and it continues to this day_.
             | Children are still taken from their homes today via child
             | services meanwhile education on reserves is under funded
             | making native children on reserves far more likely to wind
             | up in foster homes. What do we do to fix it? We're
             | protesting against figures in the past and doing nothing
             | today because we all think it's over.
        
             | pbourke wrote:
             | Also, churches and governments were working hand-in-glove
             | and the public approved of, or at the very least ignored,
             | what they were doing. Blame cannot be laid at the feet of
             | any one group as all shared equally in sustaining this
             | terrible system.
        
           | throw0101a wrote:
           | > _I think China is just trying to take pot shots_
           | 
           | Bob Rae, Canada's ambassador to the UN, had some good
           | ripostes to China (and Syria):
           | 
           | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKqBOlLRcgQ&t=11m12s
        
           | soperj wrote:
           | best intentions situation? bullshit. This was to beat their
           | culture out of them.
        
             | JulianMorrison wrote:
             | "Kill the indian to save the man" was how they thought of
             | it.
        
             | hluska wrote:
             | As fucked up as this sounds, beating their culture out of
             | them was one of the more mundane things that went on in
             | these awful places. I'm not sure who will read this so I'm
             | uncomfortable going into much detail, but if you do some
             | digging, you'll find stories so horrific that you may find
             | yourself thinking "I wish they had stopped at beating the
             | culture out of them."
             | 
             | These are some of the most horrible stories that I've ever
             | heard. It's too horrific to even be believable fiction- the
             | fact that it all happened and that I have graves of
             | Indigenous children all around me is just about too
             | terrible to think about. :(
        
               | monkeynotes wrote:
               | Then there is this, which is admittedly unverified but if
               | true would not surprise me:
               | https://www.snopes.com/articles/347191/queen-kamloops-
               | abduct...
               | 
               | I live in Canada as an immigrant and I am constantly
               | ashamed of this history, and how indigenous people get
               | treated to this day. RCMP often regard indigenous people
               | as 3rd class citizens, like full on treating folk as
               | criminals all the time. We have all this dialog about
               | black lives matter and the disgusting reality is no one
               | gives a single fuck about the most beaten down minority
               | in Canada. I live in a very white province and work with
               | many people of colour, but not one single native
               | Canadian. All this HR drive to up our diversity but no
               | one gives any thought, at all, to hiring indigenous
               | people. I don't actually agree with hiring singularly for
               | diversity, I believe in equal opportunity though. Even
               | so, HR is up its own ass about driving diversity but this
               | does not encompass native ethnicities. That conversation
               | just does not happen at any level anywhere.
               | 
               | This all makes me so angry. Native Canadians had their
               | children stolen, murdered, and buried in unmarked graves
               | and there are people on this forum excusing it as being
               | "best intentions". Can you imagine the reaction to this
               | if the story was of African Slaves in the 1800s? These
               | kids were murdered as late as the 1960s. And let's not
               | forget the land that was stolen, the culture that was all
               | but annihilated, the lives being ripped apart to this day
               | through drugs and alcohol which is largely seen as a
               | criminal nuisance rather than an epidemic that continues
               | to marginalize and shun.
               | 
               | I could go on. The story is so sad, so dark, and still
               | going on and covered up to this day. And we all gloss
               | over it and pay lip service on CBC. Where is the criminal
               | investigation? Where are the task forces looking for all
               | the other mass graves?
               | 
               | I'm so saddened and ashamed by all of this. I've often
               | thought of leaving Canada due to this shit, I live on
               | unceded native territory for fuck's sake.
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | Hey friend, if you are ever going to be in Saskatchewan,
               | my email address is in my profile. Let me know when
               | you'll be here - I'd love to take you around, introduce
               | you to some people including some survivors, show you
               | some graves right in my city and maybe get you out into
               | the country for a Pow Wow or something similar.
               | 
               | You seem like a great person, you'd fit right in and I
               | think you would be as drawn to these amazing people as I
               | am. Last summer, I got to attend a really beautiful rally
               | in front of our Legislature. The feeling there, of unity,
               | love and craving justice was beyond almost anything I
               | have ever experienced. Indigenous cultures are absolutely
               | beautiful and incredibly strong, so strong that our
               | country's system of evil couldn't wipe it out. There's
               | something beautiful and inspiring in that.
               | 
               | I agree with absolutely everything you say and reading
               | this has been an absolute privilege. Like you, I'm
               | saddened and ashamed and I've had my own thoughts of
               | leaving Canada. My privilege is 100% because of white
               | supremacy. I am literally on Hacker News now because of
               | white supremacy. That is so embarrassing and shameful
               | that I don't know what to do other than fight or flee.
               | 
               | If you're interested in quite the read, read about the
               | time the TRC requested $1.5 million from the Canadian
               | government to search for graves. $1.5 million isn't even
               | a rounding error in the Canadian budget - it's so
               | insignificant it doesn't even exist. But they were denied
               | that money. The TRC was an explicit agreement to find our
               | missing Kookums and Mooshums (the words translate best as
               | Grandmas/Grandpas but in a really strong Indigenous
               | context).
               | 
               | Talking to people like you fills me with a tremendous
               | amount of hope. Goodness can overcome.
               | 
               | Take good care and thank you. I just watched the press
               | conference where they announced 751 bodies and I've never
               | needed this level of positivity more. I owe you. Thank
               | you. Honestly thank you.
        
               | monkeynotes wrote:
               | There are likely thousands of buried children yet to be
               | found. This is not news, people have known about this for
               | decades but it took a privately funded search to break
               | the ground. Government has essentially brushed this under
               | the rug until private citizens took it upon themselves
               | and paid GPR specialists to search for the graves that
               | everyone knew were to be found somewhere.
               | 
               | There is no statute of limitations on murder so why is
               | there no criminal investigation? Someone is responsible
               | for all these deaths.
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | When this is all said and done, I hope that the number is
               | less than 25,000 but I think it will be much higher.
               | We're at 1,000 kids in the last couple of weeks and
               | that's two residential schools. There is another
               | graveyard a 10 minute drive from where I live and that
               | Regina Indian Industrial Residential School was a
               | complete shit hole, even by the low standards set by the
               | other schools. Add in schools in Lebret (they used to
               | torture kids by making them crawl up a 78m hill to say
               | the Stations of the Cross) and Prince Albert and I bet
               | we'll be at over 4,500. This number is going to be
               | huge...
               | 
               | As for criminal charges, go grab a beverage of your
               | choice then come back and sit down.
               | 
               | Did you know that we located 5,300 abusers during the
               | TRC? And in all these years, Canada has laid charges
               | against less than 50 people. The 5,300 people who we
               | found were invited to testify at a compensation hearing-
               | most refused and their records are being kept private
               | from the police.
               | 
               | People say that apologizing is the Canadian trait. I
               | think it's passing the buck. When you ask police why
               | there haven't been charges, they blame the victims for
               | not coming forward. But bud, put yourself in their shoes.
               | A cop rounded you up, took you away from your parents and
               | sent you to a residential school. How much do you trust
               | police??? It's fucking asinine to expect that...
               | 
               | The TRC even operated under weird rules. If individual A
               | accused individual B of abusing them, individual B would
               | get to read the allegations and get individual A's name.
               | Individual A can't get any information about their
               | abuser.
               | 
               | So, I guess the answer to your question is 'we are a
               | really shitty country'.
        
               | Roscius wrote:
               | Like the senior boys at the schools being taken out in
               | the middle of the night to dig graves...
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | That's one of them. Have you ever read about sexual
               | assault babies?
        
             | malfist wrote:
             | I think that's the first time I've ever heard genocide
             | called "best intentions"
        
           | scruffyherder wrote:
           | It's not from the 16th century
        
             | beiller wrote:
             | The article doesn't mention when they died.
        
           | Roscius wrote:
           | Best intentions? Not even close - horrible racism and
           | genocide.
           | 
           | In many cases it wasn't disease, they were malnourished, and
           | and in some cases beaten to death.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | hluska wrote:
           | I'd usually agree but in this case, I'm not sure. The
           | residential school system is a stain on our past that
           | continues to hurt the future. As one example, Indigenous
           | women in Canada are subject to almost unspeakable levels of
           | violence.
           | 
           | If you're interested in an absolutely awful read, you can
           | read the final report from our National Inquiry into Missing
           | and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls here:
           | 
           | https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/final-report/
           | 
           | Indigenous people in Canada are several times more likely to
           | live in poverty, several times more likely to find themselves
           | imprisoned and many Indigenous communities in Canada don't
           | even have clean drinking water. The explicit genocide is over
           | but the system still remains.
        
         | goalieca wrote:
         | We are still fighting to get the truth out. Reconciliation will
         | unfortunately take generations because the problems caused by
         | these schools and other issues reverberate through the
         | generations. But i hope there is an accelerated push to get
         | more of the truth out!!
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | There's nothing wrong about aligning with the CCP's calls for
         | investigation - however the irony and hypocrisy shouldn't be
         | ignored; the genocide in Canada is also in the past, which
         | doesn't reduce its significance nor the tragedy, however
         | genocide is actively happening in China - the pot calling the
         | kettle black; a form of whataboutism among other tactics.
        
           | munk-a wrote:
           | I think the Canadian government has enough tact to agree an
           | investigation is warranted while continuing to pressure the
           | CCP on their treatment of minorities. We can do two things at
           | once.
        
             | loceng wrote:
             | Indeed, meanwhile the CCP will ironically use free speech
             | social media platforms to try to shame and guilt Canadians
             | - which I've personally encountered.
        
         | theluketaylor wrote:
         | Residential schools in particular and the treatment of First
         | Nations is our nation's original and ongoing sin and we badly
         | need to have a collective reckoning on what went on and how to
         | move forward. The Truth and Reconciliation commission was a
         | good start, but it needs to be backed with action.
         | 
         | China's call for an international review is a craven political
         | action designed to embarrass us on the international stage, but
         | frankly we should be embarrassed (and a lot more). I would
         | support using something like the International Criminal Court
         | or the UN Commission on Human Rights to help produce findings
         | on what went on and what can be done to start to heal. We could
         | set an example for the world on how to reconcile on these
         | issues and find a path forward.
        
           | MomoXenosaga wrote:
           | He who casts the first stone let him be without sin.
           | 
           | It reminds me of the situation the European Union has going
           | on with Hungary. How do you claim moral superiority as a
           | Western country when you have none?
        
           | cldellow wrote:
           | > I would support using something like the International
           | Criminal Court or the UN Commission on Human Rights to help
           | produce findings on what went on and what can be done to
           | start to heal.
           | 
           | As you say, Canada had a 7 year process to do just this. It
           | was chaired by Murray Sinclair. Sinclair is an Indigenous man
           | with a lot of standing in the Indigenous community and in
           | broader Canadian society. He was an associate chief justice
           | in Manitoba, and a federal senator.
           | 
           | It produced a bunch of documentary evidence, and a bunch of
           | recommendations.
           | 
           | If people want action on this, following those
           | recommendations would be a start. As it happens, one of the
           | recommendations is funding for the ground-penetrating radar
           | that is turning up these burial sites. While that
           | recommendation was ignored at the time it was made, provinces
           | are now funding it. We can expect more of these stories to
           | come out. We don't need to start from scratch, we just need
           | to make progress on the existing findings.
        
             | soperj wrote:
             | >While that recommendation was ignored at the time it was
             | made, provinces are now funding it.
             | 
             | They've been vocal about funding it now that it's in the
             | media, they haven't funded anything yet.
        
               | cldellow wrote:
               | That's a fair point. The announcements are relatively
               | new, so I don't infer anything negative from the fact
               | that disbursements haven't happened yet.
               | 
               | The two announcements I'm thinking of are Ontario's ($10M
               | over 3 years) and Alberta's $8M (available in $150K
               | grants, application process for the next 6 months). The
               | fact that there are dollar amounts, timelines, and
               | they're offered by a political party holding a majority
               | in the legislature makes me think it's likely to actually
               | happen.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | I'm hopeful as well. There's a history of politicians
               | being politicians though.
        
         | defaultname wrote:
         | "people wouldn't go near certain areas because they knew what
         | was there"
         | 
         | Right. Everyone knew. There have been a number of inquiries on
         | this. The deaths at residential schools has never been a
         | mystery. There is nothing new being unveiled.
         | 
         | This is an absolute tragedy, but there is a bit of a lie
         | happening in the presentation of it, with each "discovery"
         | being treated like it is unveiling some dark secret. No, it is
         | a dark, but very well known, truth that has been in the open
         | for the entirety of the program. And the truth is that
         | mortality across the entire demographics of Canada was bad in
         | that time period (3 out of 10 children under 5 died across the
         | country), so it isn't entirely atypical.
         | 
         | "we need real change in Canadian society"
         | 
         | What does this even mean? Should the country abolish the
         | residential school system, despite it being long abolished?
        
           | inasio wrote:
           | What time period are you talking about? The mortality rate
           | you mention happened in 1830, but was an order of magnitude
           | lower in the 1960s [0].
           | 
           | [0] https://www.statista.com/statistics/1041751/canada-all-
           | time-...
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | Most of the deaths occurred earlier in the 20th century [1]
             | 
             | As for the story in general ... it's not new information
             | really. We have records of the deaths, families were
             | notified, governments were notified, they didn't want to
             | pay to ship the bodies so they buried them near the
             | residences. We also knew where the graves were.
             | 
             | The Canadian government was aware at the time of the higher
             | rate of deaths than normal, it was recognized as a problem,
             | but obviously they didn't do much about it.
             | 
             | [1] https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/newly-discovered-
             | b-c-gr...
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | The residential schools are gone, but their goal -- getting
           | rid of indigenous culture so that they stop being a hindrance
           | to resource exploitation on their land -- is still going
           | strong.
           | 
           | https://www.johnralstonsaul.com/non-fiction-books/a-fair-
           | cou...
           | 
           | Has some good ideas for a mental model shift
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | "getting rid of indigenous culture so that they stop being
             | a hindrance to resource exploitation on their land"
             | 
             | Educating people is the last thing you'd want to do if
             | you're wanting to 'get rid of their hindances'.
             | 
             | Every revolutionary you can think of (i.e. Gandhi, Castro,
             | Ho Chi Minh etc.) had privileged educational opportunities
             | usually by the very people they sought to ultimately
             | overthrow.
             | 
             | In Canada specifically, there was actually a fear that
             | providing education would give aboriginals too much power.
             | 
             | The 'hindrance' towards resource extraction didn't start to
             | happen until fairly recently, when educated and literate
             | aboriginal groups were able to make proper legal challenges
             | to certain things, particularly their right to 'govern' the
             | environmental aspects of certain areas of land.
        
               | Kluny wrote:
               | There's a difference between teaching kids to read and do
               | math, and beating them for using their own language or
               | telling each other their own stories. You don't have to
               | destroy culture while educating.
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | Let's also not ignore the fact that the sixties scoop[1]
             | was a thing as well and that children in indigenous
             | households are more likely to be taken out of their
             | families than other groups (except blacks who have it
             | worse).
             | 
             | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixties_Scoop
        
               | mtalantikite wrote:
               | Somewhat related, since it also points to deep
               | institutional racism in Canada, but this made me think
               | about the "starlight tours" Saskatoon police would bring
               | First Nations peoples on. It's just horrifying:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saskatoon_freezing_deaths
        
               | teclordphrack2 wrote:
               | Also somewhat related. The courts in Canada ruled the
               | native population had a right to "subsistence"(or some
               | other key word)fishing b/c of treaties. This meant the
               | natives could crab or maybe it was lobster out of season.
               | The white local fishing fleets have been very violent
               | with the police just standing around and letting it
               | happen. Plenty of video multiple confrontations and
               | illegal acts of white on native crime and violence.
        
               | cperciva wrote:
               | _children in indigenous households are more likely to be
               | taken out of their families_
               | 
               | Children in households affected by poverty are more
               | likely to be at risk, and indigenous households are more
               | likely to be affected by poverty.
               | 
               | What would you have child services do, leave children who
               | are determined to be at risk where they are, just because
               | they're indigenous? Because that has happened, and
               | children have died as a result.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | I don't actually disagree that it's likely that child
               | welfare actions are more likely to be justifiably taken
               | against indigenous households but the sixties scoop was
               | pretty clearly not based on household stability alone.
               | But, at the heart of the matter, if this minority is much
               | more likely to live in poverty[1] then that itself is a
               | problem we need to solve. But, the sixties scoop wasn't
               | so long ago and, honestly, I think an in depth
               | investigation of child services today would reveal that
               | biases are still quite present.
               | 
               | 1. Which is definitely true in Canada https://www150.stat
               | can.gc.ca/n1/pub/89-645-x/2015001/income-... (sorry it
               | looks like this report was discontinued after 2015 so no
               | more current data is available)
        
               | cperciva wrote:
               | Right, I'm not defending the sixties scoop at all. Just
               | pointing out that comparing statistics on youth taken
               | into care _in the 21st century_ based on ethnicity
               | without adjusting for confounders is highly misleading
               | and potentially lethal for the children involved.
               | 
               | Yes, indigenous poverty is absolutely something which
               | should be addressed -- but it's not a simple matter. One
               | obvious "solution" would be to say "pack your bags and
               | move to a big city" -- rural communities across Canada
               | are poorer than urban communities -- but of course that
               | would mean leaving traditional territories behind.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | I think my reply above failed to really clearly express
               | this so I thought I'd try again briefly. There still is a
               | large racial bias in child welfare services above what is
               | explainable by income alone. I _think_ that income is the
               | larger factor now so I 'd agree it's the more important
               | point to focus on - but we have not reached a level of
               | egalitarianism where income alone can explain the
               | disparity.
               | 
               | I also agree it's an extremely complex matter since there
               | are two strongly opposed factors - urban migration (with
               | educational support and the like) could greatly improve
               | the lives of indigenous individuals but that would erode
               | native culture continuance and communities - and that's
               | one of the worst parts of residential schooling. A number
               | of the people involved thought that white washing natives
               | to improve their economic futures and let them more
               | easily integrate with common Canadian society was a good
               | thing - and it's not entirely a bad idea from an
               | egalitarian perspective.
               | 
               | So there is, I think, a continued push and pull of
               | cultural preservation vs. individual prosperity. I don't
               | think they're polar opposites, I mentioned elsewhere that
               | the Haida Cultural Center on Haida Gwaii provides a lot
               | of jobs to reservation residents and youths - but this
               | approach can't just be blindly replicated to extremely
               | remote reservations.
               | 
               | So yea - I've got no quick and easy solution to offer.
        
               | ayngg wrote:
               | It is in vogue to make judgements on the past based on
               | current moral standards without much more context or
               | understanding. These issues are far more complex than the
               | popular narrative of Canada needing to atone for the
               | genocide of native Americans, that sort of hyperbole just
               | makes it even more difficult to create meaningful
               | solutions. These issues are specifically pervasive
               | because they are extremely difficult to reconcile.
        
               | pempem wrote:
               | It should also based on the above, apply to nearly any
               | family dealing with poverty in these areas.
               | 
               | The fact is that social services does not visit and
               | escalate issues the same levels controlling for poverty.
               | 
               | The correlation of poverty and being indigenous is a
               | reflection of systemic racism and purposeful limitations
               | on societal participation, and so they co-occur. Kids in
               | abusive homes ofc need to be supported. Kids in poor
               | homes need policies that allow their lives to become more
               | stable.
        
               | bookofsand wrote:
               | Something to keep in mind when talking about confounding
               | variables is that all preindustrial cultures, including
               | European cultures, had a GDP of less than $1000 per
               | capita per year, measured in 1990 USD. The default state
               | of humanity is deep poverty. Industrialization brought
               | gradual growth of economic output per capita to the tune
               | of 10-100x compared to the preindustrial era, and the
               | extravagant riches by historical standards the average
               | Canadian enjoys today.
               | 
               | The huge question: how to lift populations / cultures
               | from their natural state of deep poverty. This effort by
               | necessity involves radical changes in culture, which may
               | take decades if not longer. One can't live a traditional
               | lifestyle of fishing, hunting or subsistence farming
               | _and_ afford a modern heated house with indoor plumbing,
               | driving a modern automobile to the supermarket for fresh
               | produce in the middle of the winter.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_regions_by_past_GDP
               | _(P...
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | I think there's also a legitimate question of whether we
               | should lift cultures from their natural state of deep
               | poverty - I don't think that even that point can be
               | decisively settled. Removing that traditional lifestyle
               | and encouraging office work is better for the individual
               | but will erode and destroy those cultural traditions over
               | time without a lot of careful stewardship.
        
               | marvin wrote:
               | I love this philosophical point. There is a sense of
               | imperialism in forcing cultural and lifestyle changes
               | over <<your way of doing things is objectively wrong
               | because of reasons so and so (child mortality, income,
               | age expectancy etc)>>. And that's _even if_ there are
               | only honest intentions behind forcing a minority
               | (indiginous, in this case) culture to change, with no
               | side effects that work towards the self-interest of the
               | stronger culture.
               | 
               | Iain Banks makes this point about human nature many times
               | in his books. Many people will voluntarily choose a more
               | painful lifestyle even when more comfortable options are
               | available.
               | 
               | I'd largely go as far as saying it's a fundamental human
               | right to decide what lifestyle to follow, as long as it's
               | consentual and doesn't step on the huma rights of others.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | The comment you respond to have link to citations. You
               | dont.
        
               | cperciva wrote:
               | I'm not talking about the Sixties Scoop.
        
               | Kluny wrote:
               | So the kids in question got removed from their unsafe
               | homes, and placed in equally unsafe foster homes. What
               | was gained? The actual solution is to work with the
               | families to help them create safer conditions and monitor
               | the kids, keeping them at least with their tribes if not
               | with their parents. Instead they just get placed with
               | random white families where they're abused and often end
               | up running away and becoming street people.
        
               | belval wrote:
               | One idea that floated around was to have a special
               | division to handle indigenous cases a bit like how they
               | have peacekeepers (indigenous self-policing) instead of
               | the RCMP on reserves.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | Considering RCMP members are trained to use lethal force
               | with a pretty low threshold I think this is pretty fair.
               | The RCMP is a pretty bizarre organization that doesn't
               | really have clear parallels in other developed nations. I
               | think it's accurate to call it a paramilitary force and
               | they end up juggling extremely serious crimes in most
               | cases - but tend to be the only organization with clear
               | jurisdiction in most reservations. So, for the closest
               | American equivalent, occasionally SWAT gets called in to
               | break up domestic issues and investigate robberies.
        
               | belval wrote:
               | That seems like a very uncharitable characterization of
               | the RCMP, they act as the defacto police in the maritimes
               | and that doesn't seem to have an impact on police
               | killings[1].
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_killings_by_law
               | _enforc...
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | I think our main point of comparison for the RCMP
               | behavior is the American policing system and from that
               | comparison the RCMP come out looking saintly. I also do
               | strongly believe that RCMP members take a lot of pride in
               | being a force of justice and trying to apply the law
               | evenly - there are certainly cases where that doesn't
               | happen but my point is more focused on the contrast of
               | duties.
               | 
               | RCMP members are normally trained for situations that
               | local police (that specialize in de-escalation) can't
               | handle - but when it comes to reservations they're the
               | authority in pretty much all cases. Being in the RCMP
               | isn't an easy job and it'll leave you scarred and
               | hardened in a way that can seriously impede your ability
               | to properly deescalate non-violent situations.
        
               | throw0101a wrote:
               | > _RCMP members are normally trained for situations that
               | local police (that specialize in de-escalation) can 't
               | handle - but when it comes to reservations they're the
               | authority in pretty much all cases._
               | 
               | First Nations deal with the (federal) Crown, and so the
               | RCMP is the federal law enforcement agency. Unless
               | (a/each) First Nation wants to run their own police force
               | internally?
               | 
               | But there are entire regions that don't do that because
               | of the costs involved, and so they contract out to the
               | RCMP to be the provincial (and even municipal) police.
               | 
               | The larger provinces (ON, QC) have their own services,
               | and they are also contracted out to the smaller
               | municipalities. Not sure how provincial police would work
               | (or not) on the reserves.
        
           | II2II wrote:
           | > This is an absolute tragedy, but there is a bit of a lie
           | happening in the presentation of it, with each "discovery"
           | being treated like it is unveiling some dark secret. No, it
           | is a dark, but very well known, truth that has been in the
           | open for the entirety of the program. And the truth is that
           | mortality across the entire demographics of Canada was bad in
           | that time period (3 out of 10 children under 5 died across
           | the country), so it isn't entirely atypical.
           | 
           | I understand and am partially sympathetic with what you are
           | saying, but I don't think this is the time to bring up those
           | concerns.
           | 
           | At the moment, Canadians have to reckon with yet another
           | impact of the residential school system: many children died
           | under the government's custody (even if it was indirect,
           | through various churches). It doesn't matter if the mortality
           | rate was similar to other demographics, since the decisions
           | of the government placed aboriginal children in those schools
           | which was the precondition to the specific cause of death.
           | The "abolition" of the residential school system doesn't
           | really mean anything, since many youth are still forced to
           | leave their communities and are frequently placed in the care
           | of complete strangers if they aspire to accomplish something
           | that most Canadians take for granted: earning a high school
           | diploma.
           | 
           | While the willful ignorance of these "very well known" deaths
           | is difficult to excuse, the willful ignorance of the
           | continuance of some of the hallmarks of the residential
           | school system is difficult to forgive.
           | 
           | EDIT: for clarity.
        
           | soperj wrote:
           | Then why can't they get any information about it? The list of
           | kids who died at these schools is much shorter than the
           | numbers that we're seeing here.
        
             | Roscius wrote:
             | The Churches are refusing to release the records.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | So is the Canadian Government.
        
             | defaultname wrote:
             | Firstly, the overwhelming majority of deaths have current
             | records. There are gaps because of record destruction
             | between 1936 to 1944, but the notion that this was all a
             | secret, or that real numbers are being exposed, is not
             | accurate.
             | 
             | It is a grotesque period in history, and people should be
             | angry, but a lot of people are effectively misleading
             | people to try to anger. There is a huge amount of
             | misinformation.
             | 
             | Here's one famous residential school death that has been
             | heavily leaned into - https://c2cjournal.ca/2017/10/the-
             | sad-truth-about-chanie-wen...
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | Really? Can you show me the current records for the
               | Marieval Indian Residential School where they just found
               | 751 unmarked graves?
        
               | defaultname wrote:
               | They didn't find 751 unmarked graves. Just as they didn't
               | find 215 graves at Kamloops. These numbers are in all
               | probability many multiples exaggerated over the reality.
               | 
               | And the catch 22 is that any actual anthropological
               | analysis is going to be restricted by the very group
               | publishing the exaggerated numbers. So expect at the next
               | location for it to be...why not 10,000?
               | 
               | The methodology to derive these numbers borders on
               | farcical.
               | 
               | However we know that loads of children died at these
               | facilities. Tragically. It has never been secret. It
               | never _had_ to be secret, sadly because native children
               | were considered effectively expendable. That is the pox.
               | The current culture of, effectively, horseshit isn 't
               | making it better.
        
               | mrow84 wrote:
               | Firstly, I can't even begin to fathom how you could
               | characterise people trying to determine what happened to
               | their relatives, and where their remains might be, as a
               | "culture of, effectively, horseshit".
               | 
               | Secondly, as far as I can tell you have made no
               | substantive claims in this thread, your dismissals of the
               | efforts in the article being backed solely by assertions,
               | at a variety of levels of verbosity.
               | 
               | If it is as important, as your many posts on the topic
               | indicate you believe, to discredit the progress these
               | people claim to have made, then I think you should try
               | and provide some evidence to support your case.
        
               | defaultname wrote:
               | Ah, the "you've engaged in this discussion, ergo that
               | invalidates your engagement in this discussion" ruse.
               | Always a go to for a boring troll.
               | 
               | "I can't even begin to fathom"
               | 
               | While there is zero sincerity in your pejorative,
               | trolling comment, for anyone else involved it's important
               | to view all players as intelligent, rational,
               | negotiating, and ultimately selfish human beings. It's
               | important not to treat aboriginals as childlike,
               | brainless caricatures like mrow84 does (e.g. the "noble
               | savage").
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | Sorry, you do have a current record of how many children
               | died at that school? or no?
        
               | defaultname wrote:
               | There are records from that school, yes. Are there enough
               | to account for fictional numbers? No, why would there be?
               | 
               | Do you understand how perilous counting "graves? with
               | ground radar is? Note that the people who actually did
               | the study are very careful with their language, noting
               | that they found ground anomalies. The actual correlation
               | with that and graves is _incredibly_ loose.
        
               | brandon272 wrote:
               | The "error rate" cited today by Cowessess First Nation
               | and their partnered technical teams was 10% to 15%. The
               | ground penetrating radar technology does not merely look
               | for "ground anomalies", they work to specifically
               | identify burial shafts, which tend to be rather
               | distinctive. To say that they are merely counting any
               | "anomaly" as a "fictional" grave is misrepresenting the
               | work being done.
        
               | defaultname wrote:
               | It is positively _impossible_ to cite such an error rate
               | with any accuracy without doing an archeological analysis
               | to determine the ground truth for a given site, which
               | hasn 't remotely been done (and in all likelihood would
               | be blocked by the relevant players). Any claims to the
               | contrary are simply a _lie_.
               | 
               | Ground radar grave analysis has a significant degree of
               | reading tea leaves.
               | 
               | https://www.sensoft.ca/blog/cemetery-data-grave-locator-
               | find...
               | 
               | GPR is a great tool for law enforcement to find possible
               | disturbed soil sites. Its use declines when you're doing
               | mass surveys unless it is merely guiding a dig.
        
               | brandon272 wrote:
               | > which hasn't remotely been done
               | 
               | How do you know this?
               | 
               | You either have specific knowledge of the scans and any
               | associated archeological analysis done in BC and Sask, or
               | you don't. What specific information do you have about
               | the lack of analysis done in the Balcarres area?
               | 
               | The Sensoft link has nothing to do with what has been
               | done in BC nor Sask.
        
               | defaultname wrote:
               | It is _identical_ to the technique done at the school
               | sites. Very low cost hardware is used to sweep an area
               | and then read the tea leaves of electromagnetic response
               | waves. It is enough of a red flag when the people doing
               | the survey make a big deal about such obstacles as
               | clearing brush and grass.
               | 
               | > How do you know this?
               | 
               | How do I know that they haven't done an archeological dig
               | to validate the accuracy of their scans? Because they
               | _explicitly have said so_. Indeed, they 've said they may
               | never, and I would wager will never.
               | 
               | I said nothing about the "lack" of analysis, I'm just
               | saying that you, like so many others, are incredibly
               | accepting about information flowing through multiple
               | parties, some of whom have a strong incentive to lean a
               | certain way. The deficiencies of ground penetrating radar
               | is very well known -- it's a very powerful tool, but read
               | the words of the technicians who did it compared to the
               | tribe spokespeople. They talk about anomalies, and how
               | they have tried to be careful in the language they use
               | (specifically noting that they can't say something is a
               | grave, just that the patterns look similar to "a grave
               | shaft").
               | 
               | How many grave locations do you think the team that did
               | this survey have done? Have many tests of their claims?
               | How has the rigor of their claims been validated?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | brandon272 wrote:
               | > It is identical to the technique done at the school
               | sites. Very low cost hardware is used to sweep an area
               | and then read the tea leaves of electromagnetic response
               | waves.
               | 
               | What hardware is being used by the school sites? Can you
               | provide more information about what specific GPR hardware
               | that was used on Cowesess?
               | 
               | > but read the words of the technicians who did it
               | compared to the tribe spokespeople
               | 
               | I can't find any of the information you mentioned about
               | the technicians in this latest finds describing the GPR
               | and the hedging language used. Maybe my Google skills
               | suck. Can you provide a link to that as well? I was under
               | the impression that the technicians at Cowessess have not
               | made any public statements so far when it comes to the
               | technology being used, methods, background work, etc.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | There are records from that school that the former
               | administrators of that school are refusing to release.
               | The paper trail regarding who they specifically are and
               | how many they specifically are is being intentionally
               | obscured.
               | 
               | Additionally, access to that property is pretty heavily
               | restricted.
               | 
               | Edit: Please note I was specifically talking about the
               | school in Kamloops and, actually, just yesterday a
               | sharing agreement was reached as per my follow up comment
               | below.
        
               | defaultname wrote:
               | Which property are you talking about? A number of these
               | sites have been under aboriginal control for decades.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | I was talking about Kamloops specifically but actually,
               | googling, it looks like the order that staffed the school
               | just signed on to better record sharing[1] - this is a
               | new story to me so there may be some problematic
               | limitations on access I'm not aware of but it looks like
               | things are at least moving in a good direction. I had
               | been talking about the Sisters of St. Anne as detailed
               | here[2] - but yea according to the above article this is
               | no longer correct.
               | 
               | 1. https://globalnews.ca/news/7975128/catholic-order-bc-
               | residen...
               | 
               | 2. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-
               | columbia/catholic-ord...
        
           | graeme wrote:
           | I would say "not very well known". That's why there's such a
           | furor now. The extent of the deaths was quite well known to
           | anyone who read the reporting on the residential schools and
           | the truth and reconciliation commission.
           | 
           | But clearly a lot of people didn't know that so these
           | findings are a shock. Probably an instance of "one death is a
           | tragedy, a million is a statistic". Some countable number of
           | graves has a more visceral effect than "disease was rampant
           | in residential schools are up to 40% of children in
           | attendance died".
        
             | inasio wrote:
             | Agree, this was known in that you could read about it if
             | you cared to, but was not taught in schools or acknowledged
             | officially. A different approach would be to go the Germany
             | route and confront the past head on and not shy away from
             | it.
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | >> But clearly a lot of people didn't know that so these
             | findings are a shock.
             | 
             | Only those who have actively avoided the issue. I was
             | taught it in school, then again during university. The
             | issue has been discussed on radio/TV for decades. At work
             | (government) we all attend aboriginal awareness training,
             | where residential schools are a big subject. It is an
             | acknowledged part of Canadian history. Those who are
             | shocked now are only so because they chose to remain
             | ignorant year after year.
        
               | graeme wrote:
               | Use some basic reasoning:
               | 
               | * Many people are shocked and surprised by these findings
               | 
               | * They are sympathetic to aboriginal causes and not
               | sticking their fingers in their ears. They were not
               | trying to avoid it
               | 
               | You are in the educated set (university), work for the
               | government, and are commenting on a text based forum so
               | you probably easily consume and retain text based
               | information. You also had a school that taught death
               | stats specifically (mine didn't) and are young enough
               | that these stats were known at the time the curriculum
               | was formed.
               | 
               | If most people were like you, these findings would not be
               | headline news. The fact that the finding are surprising
               | sympathetic people should indicate that you're not the
               | majority.
               | 
               | And it is not fair to people to say they "choose" to
               | remain ignorant because they didn't pay close attention
               | and integrate statistics at the time the truth and
               | reconciliation report was released.
               | 
               | Do you have no gaps in your knowledge? In particular
               | outside of bookish, text based knowledge, which you are
               | surely top 1% in.
        
               | defaultname wrote:
               | "Use some basic reasoning"
               | 
               | It is impossible to be Canadian without having been
               | thoroughly exposed to the realities of the residential
               | school system. There have been _multiple_ government
               | inquiries. There were reparations paid. There was a truth
               | and reconciliation commission. This is not at all new
               | news.
               | 
               | But it's being _presented_ as new news making people
               | think this is some new discovery, as if unknown murder
               | pits have been exposed. As if it 's in addition to what
               | everyone already knew about the residential school
               | system. But _it isn 't_.
               | 
               | Aside from some exaggerated, unverified numbers, there is
               | literally nothing new in these claims. And it has become
               | essentially a PR vehicle, so it's going to percolate for
               | months to come.
        
           | theluketaylor wrote:
           | I agree this was a open secret for decades, but I also think
           | there are a large number of people who are learning about the
           | horrifying things that went on at the residential schools for
           | the first time. The stated policy was nothing short of
           | ethnocide and if it takes "discovering" these issues to
           | finally have the national conversation and action that is so
           | badly needed then let's discover everything there is to know.
           | 
           | A problem cannot be fixed until everyone agrees there is a
           | problem (see race relations in the US and climate change), so
           | the more people who can be educated on what went on the
           | better, because then we have a chance starting to heal (which
           | will take generations).
        
             | rscoots wrote:
             | Ahh yes, generating a large righteous and hungry movement
             | with no good ideas in place. What could possibly go wrong?
             | 
             | I'm sure there are initiatives and policy changes the govt
             | is pursuing in this space. We'd do well to learn about them
             | if we do truly care.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | > A problem cannot be fixed until everyone agrees there is
             | a problem (see race relations in the US and climate
             | change), so the more people who can be educated on what
             | went on the better, because then we have a chance starting
             | to heal (which will take generations).
             | 
             | There will not be a "fix" because a "fix" for the victims
             | or descendants of victims would require massive wealth
             | transfers, mostly from people who were not alive or making
             | decisions at the time. And that is not going to be
             | politically popular.
        
               | reggieband wrote:
               | > a "fix" for the victims or descendants of victims would
               | require massive wealth transfers
               | 
               | My take on this, as a child of white immigrants, is that
               | the Native Indian population would prefer something other
               | than money. I think this kind of easy solution, just give
               | them some money, is the type of solution that has been
               | tried over and over without success. Even worse, we'll
               | carve out some land and tell a tribe "this is yours" only
               | to steal it back as soon as some commercial opportunity
               | makes it valuable.
               | 
               | In the medium sized town I live nearby, large tracts of
               | native land sit unused as undeveloped trash pits
               | surrounded by condo and townhouse developments. How are
               | natives expected to live a traditional life off the land
               | when on one side there are supermarkets and strip malls
               | and on the other side suburbs? Eventually many bands cave
               | in and throw up their own gated communities which they
               | lease to rich white retirees. One corner of the remaining
               | land gets to stand for a local band community centre and
               | maybe a small section of housing for a few lucky band
               | members. My own perception is that corruption within the
               | bands is rife, with chiefs and their family/friends
               | benefiting from the rent-seeking and pretty much everyone
               | else in the band losing out.
               | 
               | I think the harsh reality is that the kind of society and
               | life that Native Indians dream of cannot be lived
               | alongside modern industrial capitalism. It isn't just
               | forestry, mining, oil and gas pipelines ruining their
               | habitat. It is the very root of capitalist consumerist
               | culture that is incompatible with the very conception of
               | life they wish to maintain. You can't make that go away
               | with money or by temporarily relocating them. It would
               | require a cultural shift that would alter every aspect of
               | Canadian life.
               | 
               | The funny thing is, we're all just jumping on to the
               | global warming bandwagon. But the only communities I see
               | taking environmental stewardship seriously are the Native
               | Indians. They've been literally screaming at the top of
               | their lungs about the destruction we are wreaking to this
               | planet for decades. And instead of listening to them we
               | just pressure them until they give in and accept whatever
               | bribe we muster alongside a weak apology for past
               | transgressions. And then they retreat into depression and
               | alcoholism. It's a heart-breaking cycle and more money
               | (or "wealth transfer") isn't the solution.
        
               | 908B64B197 wrote:
               | > the Native Indian population would prefer something
               | other than money.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Bay_and_Northern_Queb
               | ec_...
               | 
               | > My own perception is that corruption within the bands
               | is rife, with chiefs and their family/friends benefiting
               | from the rent-seeking and pretty much everyone else in
               | the band losing out.
               | 
               | Look far north. The village doesn't have clean water, but
               | the local chief has two hummers and brand new ATVs on the
               | front lawn. Guess where your tax money went...
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | The Mayor of Vancouver currently earns 171k annual - that
               | appears to be enough for about 7 hummers, 4 after
               | taxes[1]. Purchasing two hummers would cost you about 50k
               | which is a very nice nest egg to have in the bank but,
               | considering they may get a lot of use, probably not
               | unreasonable. Most reservations have extremely poor roads
               | and these cars might be shared in the community - I don't
               | know if that's the specific case here but it's pretty
               | common... lastly, cars aren't cheap and while hummers are
               | expensive cars they aren't unreasonably priced, maybe
               | having a hummer is this chief's personal luxury - we all
               | want to have nice things, even when our lives aren't
               | glamorous.
               | 
               | I think that the Mayor of Vancouver's salary is pretty
               | fair considering the job they're doing, I can't speak on
               | the specifics of this village but I am extremely
               | suspicious of anyone who demands that people live in
               | visible poverty to receive aide. The concept of "the
               | welfare queen" originated with Reagan and was entirely
               | born to utilize as a political tool - we can stop playing
               | into stereotypes.
               | 
               | 1. I am 100% not a car person - if anyone else knows a
               | better assumed value than 24k please feel free to revise
               | or correct numbers
        
               | 908B64B197 wrote:
               | What I meant was, a lot of tribal finance is opaque. A
               | check is given but how it's spent is 100% decided by the
               | local chief.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | That can be a real problem for tribes, I agree. In my
               | youth I worked with an organization for Haudenosaunee
               | cultural preservation in the US and while the politics
               | are a lot different there the status of tribes as nations
               | means that there are a lot of weird power dynamics.
               | 
               | In particular this organization was opposing
               | considerations of the Mohawk People to invite in outside
               | investors that wanted to build casinos on reservation
               | land - that's a hard decision to make and even harder
               | when there is a single ultimate tribal representative
               | that you can throw ten million dollars at without serious
               | impacting long term financial expectations. The Mohawk
               | Council of Chiefs in Akwesasne[1] represents a tribe with
               | enough members, and historical precedent, that they
               | benefit from and enjoy an actual government body, but
               | many of these tribes are small enough or remote enough
               | that a single member is vested with a lot of power and
               | this will often go poorly. I don't think there's a really
               | clear good solution here - it'd probably make sense to
               | consolidate tribes into fewer regional bands but Natives
               | are obviously pretty skittish about surrendering any of
               | what little power of self-governance they have.
               | 
               | 1. http://www.akwesasne.ca/about/
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | diab0lic wrote:
               | I hesitate to even comment given the divisive nature of
               | the thread but...
               | 
               | Hummers cost north of $100k USD. Assuming the mayor of
               | Vancouver's salary is listed in CAD it isn't enough to
               | buy one after tax. Furthermore on that salary it probably
               | wouldn't be prudent to buy one at all.
        
               | II2II wrote:
               | > Look far north. The village doesn't have clean water,
               | but the local chief has two hummers and brand new ATVs on
               | the front lawn. Guess where your tax money went...
               | 
               | I'm not going to try justifying a Hummer, because I don't
               | know what intrinsic value it holds in their
               | circumstances. I have been to northern communities where
               | expensive pickup trucks were the norm, for very good
               | reasons. There are many parts of Canada where a car is
               | basically useless. The communities are small enough that
               | one can walk from end to end in a quarter of an hour, yet
               | the roads leading to the town would be impassible to
               | anything less than a decent truck (and even then are
               | impassible to any vehicle at certain times of the year).
               | That is before utility is taken into consideration. You
               | won't get very far with hauling loads of firewood home
               | and would not enjoy the trip to the dump with your
               | household trash in a car. Owning a truck also makes more
               | sense for the trip to the city, where virtually
               | everything from food to furniture will be less expensive.
               | Arguing that they should own inexpensive cars because it
               | supports the suburban lifestyle of the south is even more
               | tone-deaf than arguing that people in the suburbs should
               | use public transit because it is sufficient for downtown
               | residents.
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | "How are natives expected to live a traditional life off
               | the land "
               | 
               | People of aboriginal heritage in Canada do not 'live off
               | the land' as their ancestors did in neolithic conditions.
               | Other than for some very specific activities like seal
               | hunting etc.
               | 
               | "the kind of society and life that Native Indians dream
               | of"
               | 
               | ?? They definitely are not dreaming of this.
               | 
               | Or not in any different way that we often dream of maybe
               | 'going fully organic / off the grid' - but we don't
               | because we have regular jobs..
               | 
               | 'What they want' is complicated. Definitely they want
               | 'treaty rights' respected, but those are vague. They want
               | certain municipal services (i.e. water) but it's really
               | spotty - some places, water facilities are made for them,
               | but they won't do the upkeep. In other very remote
               | communities, it's exceedingly expensive. In others,
               | private mining companies have polluted the water (the
               | answer here should be easy though - the mining companies
               | pay to fix the dam problem they created). There's also
               | the problem of taxation and cost - my father pays
               | $180/month for water for his tiny little flat in a small
               | town because they live in a remote area. Municipalities,
               | via taxes, pay for water treatment. So the question
               | arises as to 'who the Federal/Provincial Government' will
               | pay for, and who they will not.
               | 
               | There are very complicated band structures where by some
               | band leadership positions are inherited and come with
               | legal powers.
               | 
               | Some hereditary band leaders in BC who've maintained
               | their 'titles' for centuries and who hold all of the
               | power but have no support from the band members, and
               | there's no democratic input, may decide to be 'against' a
               | pipeline or some such thing - even as basically entire
               | band/community themselves is 'for' it. The Canadian
               | government is in a weird position they are forced to
               | recognized the hereditary titles of the chiefs - which is
               | democratically anathemic of course.
               | 
               | And it goes on like this. It's complicated.
        
               | reggieband wrote:
               | I think I was sloppy in my comment and you linked two
               | ideas that I didn't necessarily want to link. That is, I
               | don't want to imply: "a traditional life off the land"
               | and "the kind of society and life that Native Indians
               | dream of" were the exact same thing. Nor would it be fair
               | to suggest that everyone wants the same thing based on
               | their heritage. I meant those ideas distinctly. That is,
               | a traditional life off the land does not seem possible
               | given the circumstances regardless of whether or not that
               | is the kind of life some might desire.
               | 
               | What I wanted to combat was the assumption that the kind
               | of "western values" that are represented by consumerism
               | is what those communities are failing to achieve. It is
               | the exact same kind of thinking that lead to residential
               | schools in the first place. As if we give them enough
               | money, give them education and health care then they'll
               | finally integrate into our society. But if they don't
               | want that life, if it isn't their dream to be successful
               | western capitalists, it is hard to imagine how they can
               | live alongside the western capitalists without constant
               | tension. And accommodating any other alternative
               | communities alongside our own isn't simply a matter of
               | financing. That problem is distinct from any particular
               | formulation of "alternative communities" including but
               | not exclusive to "living off the land".
               | 
               | Basically, how can we allow Native Indians to form a
               | distinct culture and identity when we constantly encroach
               | on them and disrupt them. You can't pay that problem
               | away.
        
               | adriand wrote:
               | Your comments are not at all sloppy; they are very well-
               | written and well-taken, at least by this reader (and
               | Canadian). I think you are correct in your analysis and
               | your perspective.
               | 
               | The fact is, as Canadians we ought to feel ashamed of
               | this. I know I do. When I feel shame, I want to make it
               | go away. Our entire society has become adept at turning
               | away and ignoring our past. But our task as citizens
               | right now is to not do that. It's to grapple with the
               | reality of what is very clearly a horrific injustice.
               | It's to stop claiming the past is the past. The legacy of
               | colonialism is alive and well in Canada and it is still
               | actively destroying many lives.
               | 
               | There is no way to make this right. The only thing we can
               | hope to do now is honour the dead, do our best to make
               | amends to the living and carve out a new path forward.
        
             | corndoge wrote:
             | As an outside observer, I don't understand what action you
             | think is needed? Weren't these schools abolished?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Roscius wrote:
               | There still are massive levels of racism particularly in
               | policing and the justice system. Kids are still dying -
               | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/thunder-bay/seven-youth-
               | inque...
        
               | theluketaylor wrote:
               | The schools are gone, but the damage remains. While most
               | closed in the 70s, there were a couple that lasted into
               | the 90s! and there are many living survivors who continue
               | to suffer from the trauma they experienced.
               | 
               | The stated goal of the schools was to eliminate First
               | Nations' culture and it was tragically highly effective.
               | A culture doesn't recover from generations of ethnocide
               | overnight.
        
               | nucleardog wrote:
               | > there were a couple that lasted into the 90s!
               | 
               | While true, I think this is generally misleading without
               | context.
               | 
               | The federal government took control of the schools from
               | the churches around 1970. By the mid-70s, control of most
               | of them had been transferred to the band councils in some
               | form or another, and a third of the staff at the schools
               | had Indian status. By 1980, only 15 were still left
               | operating.
               | 
               | It's really hard to find any actual information on _what_
               | the schools that remained open were like in the 90s as
               | most easily discoverable documentation is about beginning
               | to unravel the abuses that had occurred prior, but what
               | little I've ever been able to find sounds like they
               | continued to operate as a school (presumably because the
               | community needed a school), not as an implement of
               | cultural genocide.
               | 
               | This would seem to be backed up by some sources saying
               | that some of the communities that housed the schools
               | resisted their closure. Not that it's a particularly
               | great situation, but it's likely that it was the only
               | source of formal education available to them at the time
               | and they didn't want to lose it, rather reform it. The
               | current school situation on reservations is abysmal, so
               | this is... understandable.
               | 
               | None of this is to try and discount the atrocities that
               | occurred at the schools, but I like to think saying "They
               | operated until the mid-90s!" is a bit sensationalist,
               | implying that the kidnapping, experimentation, abuse and
               | murder was occurring at the same time Seinfeld and
               | Friends were airing. I think there's more than enough to
               | be horrified at here without implying a worse situation
               | which may lead some people to discount some of the actual
               | atrocities.
               | 
               | That said, if you (or anyone) can dig up some information
               | to refute any of this, I'm more than happy to hear it. I
               | am genuinely interested and I have a lot of difficulty
               | trying to find concrete information.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hodder wrote:
         | I am as well. Further, many of the people who perpetuated these
         | crimes are still alive. Residential schools were still around
         | in the 90s. Where are the arrests and charges? Where are the
         | actual criminal investigations? Thoughts and prayers pretty
         | much are meaningless and commission reports are meaningless
         | without action.
        
           | pbourke wrote:
           | I saw a tweet the other day from someone in her 40's who said
           | her children were the first generation in the family not to
           | have been sent to a residential school. Pretty sobering.
        
         | 52-6F-62 wrote:
         | It's not even a secret. Sure we didn't learn the true nature of
         | those schools in our classwork growing up, but it's been called
         | out even in pop culture for the past several decades.
         | 
         | Gord Downie even made a film about it. I don't know how many
         | Canadians can reconcile this.
         | 
         | I grew up with stories from my mother and her experience on a
         | children's work farm and my grandfather getting snapped up by a
         | Salvation Army work farm (hard to find info, but related: https
         | ://www.thestar.com/news/world/ww1/2014/08/15/home_child...) in
         | the late 30's. Children of Scottish and Irish immigrants, mind
         | you--their stories pale in comparison.
         | 
         | I know it's easier to just forget the hard things rather than
         | deal with them, but I can't understand why there has been so
         | much resistance to reforming some of those matters. It's hardly
         | as if our elected officials would even have to do much work
         | themselves--plenty of study has gone into our best actions
         | forward.
         | 
         | The inertia of it all is grinding.
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | > The recommendations put forward by the government never go
         | far enough, and frankly, the Indian Act is stain on our
         | country.
         | 
         | The current party in power is pretty much responsible for
         | residential schools. Apparently, their current leader thinks
         | crying on camera will make people believe they changed.
        
           | honkdaddy wrote:
           | Our current leader's _father_ was also the one who penned the
           | disastrous and quickly withdrawn White Paper[1].
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969_White_Paper
        
             | 908B64B197 wrote:
             | Opening relations with China and Cuba, suspension of civil
             | and constitutional rights during the October crisis and
             | multiculturalism.
             | 
             | What a legacy.
        
               | DuncanKeith wrote:
               | It's very telling that you take an issue with
               | multiculturalism.
        
         | yumraj wrote:
         | > It was one of more than 130 compulsory boarding schools
         | funded by the Canadian government and run by religious
         | authorities during the 19th and 20th Centuries with the aim of
         | assimilating indigenous youth.
         | 
         | > The children were often not allowed to speak their language
         | or to practice their culture, and many were mistreated and
         | abused.
         | 
         | Sounds eerily similar to what China is doing to the Uighurs.
        
         | Kluny wrote:
         | Yep, everyone knew. As a society we just decided not to care or
         | ask questions about it for decades. These discoveries are
         | shocking and gruesome but not surprising. I'm pissed about it
         | too.
        
         | jplr8922 wrote:
         | Hm I'm not familiar with the specifics of a ''full human rights
         | inquiry at the international level'', but you do seem to know a
         | bit about all these issues. If you don't mind, I have some
         | questions for you;
         | 
         | 1) My understanding is that there are two layers of laws ;
         | Indian Act + Treaties. The first affect the 600+ nation-bands,
         | while the seconds are specific to each of them. It follows that
         | not all nation-bands have the same relationships with the
         | governments. Hence, modifying the law might be fair for oen
         | group, but bad for another. Am I right?
         | 
         | 2) The 600+ nation-bands are not an monolithic group, they have
         | different cultures, languages, territories and interests.
         | Hence, in a political system where democracy happens inside
         | geographical electoral district, it is not straightforward for
         | nation-bands to become political allies. Am I right?
         | 
         | 3) Since the legacy of the "privileges" granted by the treaties
         | are guaranteed under the constitution, (https://indigenousfound
         | ations.arts.ubc.ca/constitution_act_1...), "real change in
         | Canadian Society" implies changing the constitution. Do you
         | agree?
         | 
         | Am I out of my shoes regarding these issues?
        
           | neom wrote:
           | Basically what you said is correct, and you're quite astute
           | to mention it. There is an _extremely_ complex issue on the
           | native side in terms of organization such that they can be
           | proportionally and correctly represented. While most
           | Aboriginal people in Canada  "generally mostly believe around
           | generally the same stuff" - it's as you can imagine hugely
           | nuanced, never mind that Inuit are their own people to
           | address in and of themselves. I could write about this
           | extensively but I'll leave it at this: while it's true that
           | the interfaces and work require to jive all of that together
           | has an onus on the native people themselves, Canada has not
           | done a particularly good job of sitting down with the chiefs
           | across the board and facilitating a re-examination what that
           | would look like in a modern context if a venue was presented
           | and agreed upon. Personally, I could imagine something more
           | like the UN?) I don't want to downplay the complexity of this
           | side of the issue, I do think real change would require the
           | constitution.
        
           | hluska wrote:
           | Honestly friend, this is a really good analysis. You've
           | managed to sum up about the last thirty years of thought in ~
           | 5 paragraphs. This is some really incredible writing and
           | thinking.
           | 
           | I can give you a bit of what I know but I'm approximately
           | five professional degrees short of being remotely qualified.
           | 
           | 1.) You're mostly correct here only there are not separate
           | treaties for each band. The Canadian government recognizes 73
           | treaties that date from 1701 - 1921. These treaties run the
           | gamut from "Please don't kill us" to "Please help us kill the
           | French" to "Okay, now give us all your land." When people
           | talk treaties, they're mostly talking about numbered treaties
           | - I was born on Treaty 6 lands and I live and work on Treaty
           | 4 lands.
           | 
           | These treaties are quite complicated and have a number of
           | complicated legal arguments associated with them. Canada has
           | violated these treaties in really messed up ways. For
           | example, most treaties called for Indigenous children to
           | receive an education on reserve. That didn't happen and
           | instead, we put them in concentration camps for kids.
           | 
           | Because the treaties have been largely violated, there's a
           | lot of debate amongst Indigenous people. Some think it would
           | be good enough if Canada would just follow what has been
           | signed. Others take on a more abolish them approach. And
           | still others take on a renegotiate them approach. All three
           | of these are complicated because treaties are foundational
           | agreements for land and resource use. I don't know enough to
           | provide more information, but I can share this paper:
           | 
           | http://www.cba.org/cba/cle/PDF/ABOR11_Craft_Paper.pdf
           | 
           | Incidentally, Aimee Craft is a very good writer - she
           | currently teaches law at the University of Ottawa and has
           | published some very interesting papers. If you're as into
           | this subject as you seem, I bet you would have a lot of fun
           | going through some of the stuff on her UO page:
           | 
           | https://commonlaw.uottawa.ca/en/people/craft-aimee
           | 
           | 2.) This is where stuff gets interesting. There are groups
           | that try to bring bands together and other groups that try to
           | keep them apart. As you mention, they have dramatically
           | different cultures, languages and territories. On a national
           | level, we have a group called the Assembly of First Nations:
           | 
           | https://www.afn.ca/Home/
           | 
           | Provinces also have assemblies. In Saskatchewan, we call it
           | FSIN (Federation of Sovereign Indian Nations).
           | 
           | https://www.fsin.ca/
           | 
           | As you go through, learn more about the various groups and
           | their ideas, I think you'll see lots of areas that pertain to
           | all Indigenous people and others that are more niche.
           | Indigenous politics are really interesting!!
           | 
           | 3.) This one is a perfect example of #2. It's a long story
           | with a lot of crazy twists and turns but the short answer is
           | that we didn't include much about Indigenous rights and
           | privileges while we were drafting our Constitution. It led to
           | a really crazy (and remarkably rare) example of Canadian
           | national unity in which virtually all the bands agreed that
           | that was a bullshit constitution so they demonstrated en
           | masse. The Prime Minister at the time was our current Prime
           | Minister's father.
           | 
           | The actual section shouldn't cause too much friction but this
           | is Canada and whenever there is any kind of constitutional
           | question that could have to go to the provinces, everything
           | goes completely to shit. So while the wording is mundane, I'm
           | pretty sure that it will turn into another constitutional
           | crisis just like we have every single time we try to change
           | something.
           | 
           | Basically though, section 35 affirms current rights but adds
           | in the provision for new rights to be added through land
           | claims or other processes. So it doesn't box Indigenous
           | affairs in too much while still acknowledging that Canada is
           | founded upon treaties.
           | 
           | It starts to get a little more interesting when you start
           | looking into Supreme Court challenges. This is R v. Sparrow:
           | 
           | https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/scc/doc/1990/1990canlii104/1990.
           | ..
           | 
           | Check out the list of respondents and consider reading the
           | ruling as well as this case which points out some holes
           | between Federal and provincial jurisdiction:
           | 
           | https://www.canlii.org/en/ab/abpc/doc/2007/2007abpc278/2007a.
           | ..
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | 99_00 wrote:
         | >I would echo Chinas call for a full human rights inquiry at
         | the international level
         | 
         | There isn't a knowledge problem. The issue is well documented.
         | The problem is figuring out what to do and convincing voters
         | and leaders to support it.
         | 
         | No government authority is hiding or impending any
         | investigation or discussion about this issue.
         | 
         | Residential schools, and the damage they caused are a part of
         | primary education.
         | 
         | There have been court cases, testimony, and settlements.
         | 
         | What would a human rights inquiry achieve? Is it possible that
         | a hostile foreign power, who is likely right now perpetrating a
         | possibly worse genocide, is using your perfectly justified
         | emotions to manipulate you?
        
       | corndoge wrote:
       | > Last month, the Cowessess began to use ground-penetrating radar
       | to locate unmarked graves at the cemetery of the Marieval Indian
       | Residential School in Saskatchewan.
       | 
       | Hundreds of unmarked graves found at cemetery?
        
         | andruc wrote:
         | How many schools do you know have their own cemetary?
        
         | cldellow wrote:
         | I'm not sure what your question is asking, but this school
         | operated under government control for ~85 years.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, Canada's memorial for IRS schools recognizes that 8
         | students died there: https://nctr.ca/residential-
         | schools/saskatchewan-fr/marieval...
         | 
         | So there's a bit of a discrepancy.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | gadders wrote:
       | Similar things happened in Ireland (but for unmarried mothers and
       | orphans, rather than indigenous people):
       | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/03/mass-grave-of-...
        
       | beloch wrote:
       | These children should be exhumed, autopsied, identified, and
       | returned to their communities wherever it is possible to obtain
       | the permission of local native communities to do so.
       | 
       | There are too many questions about what went on in residential
       | schools. It's time to address those questions.
        
       | boomboomsubban wrote:
       | It's always strange to see the Canadian shame over the memory of
       | residential schools when a slightly better version still exists
       | in the US.
       | 
       | Rather than run by the government, they're generally run by a
       | church where they make millions of dollars in profit to put
       | Native American children in foster homes and send them to public
       | school. They still often lead to abuse, only tolerate a
       | sterilized version of their culture, and they use the scummiest
       | fundraising methods to allow all this. Fewer hidden deaths, not
       | truly forced, but still a disgusting practice.
        
         | neartheplain wrote:
         | I had no idea these schools still existed in the US. Based on
         | your comment, I looked up this article:
         | 
         | https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/open-spaces/2016-02-26/to...
         | 
         | This particular school isn't operated by a church, but by the
         | Bureau of Indian Education (which I also didn't know still
         | existed) and the US Department of the Interior. Sounds like the
         | school has evolved significantly from when it was first
         | established in 1892:
         | 
         | >Things have changed a lot at Sherman in Doepner's lifetime. He
         | says a Navajo woman who went there in the 1960s and was
         | forbidden from speaking her language now teaches that language
         | at Sherman. "I believe that those efforts over the past 35 or
         | 40 years have helped transform the nature of what [Bureau of
         | Indian Education] schools have tried to do which is to
         | celebrate the culture of the students, of their families, of
         | their ancestors," Doepner says.
         | 
         | >Some Wyoming students who've attended Sherman agree. "They
         | have a beading class," says Scottie Nez, a junior at Fort
         | Washakie High School who spent his first two years at Sherman.
         | "And pottery--ceramics class. They have a basket-weaving class.
         | And they have a Navajo language class."
         | 
         | Of interest in relation to the original link, this school also
         | has a dedicated cemetery:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherman_Indian_High_School#She...
         | 
         | >Because of Bureau of Indian Affairs policies, students did not
         | return home for several years. Those who died were often buried
         | in the school cemetery. May 3 marks an old tradition amongst
         | the local tribes where many local reservations decorate their
         | cemeteries with flowers and replace old crosses. Sherman Indian
         | High School designates this as Indian Flower Day.
        
           | boomboomsubban wrote:
           | I've been told ones with a connection to a tribe are better,
           | and I'm unsure about the BIA connected ones, as I've only had
           | personal experience with the Catholic run ones.
           | 
           | The one I'm most familiar with had a one hour a week class
           | teaching their culture to K-12 students shortly after mass,
           | and when they tried to get a traditional blessing at their
           | graduation before the Christian prayer it was refused.
        
           | throw0101a wrote:
           | > _I had no idea these schools still existed in the US._
           | 
           | Canada got the idea from the US (AFAICT). See also the Nazi's
           | taking eugenics.
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | The problem is there seems to be no adults at the table in
         | government, just politicians and lawyers pandering and worrying
         | about liabilities it.
        
       | faitswulff wrote:
       | As a result of these discoveries, the US will be starting their
       | own investigation into similar institutions:
       | https://indiancountrytoday.com/news/us-boarding-schools-to-b...
        
         | munk-a wrote:
         | I think in the US most forced family separation of indigenous
         | peoples now falls under "justified" actions by CPS. The US Dept
         | of Interior's boarding schools were terrible and the
         | investigation is likely going to raise a number of painful
         | points - but CPS still ends up targeting minority families,
         | especially native americans, with a much higher rate in the US.
        
       | at_a_remove wrote:
       | As I pointed out in the last thread about this, various similar
       | things have occurred in Catholic orphanages in Europe, as well,
       | and in greater numbers.
       | 
       | My point somehow got lost the last time but I will say it again:
       | if you let an organization "do its own books," it can go corrupt
       | and stay that way. When it comes to orphanages and places where
       | children are removed from their parents, that means mass unmarked
       | graves.
       | 
       | Not too long ago, in my state, some parents killed their kids and
       | buried them in the back yard. But they were caught, and swiftly,
       | because someone else was doing the books, someone else was
       | keeping an eye out. Institutions that become accountable only to
       | themselves will _continue_ their actions, unimpeded.
        
         | macspoofing wrote:
         | >My point somehow got lost the last time but I will say it
         | again: if you let an organization "do its own books," it can go
         | corrupt and stay that way.
         | 
         | That's true, but let's contextualize this a little because that
         | point isn't necessarily relevant here.
         | 
         | The modern welfare state is .. well .. a modern post-WW2
         | invention. Pre-WW2 and certainly pre-1900, in most (if not all
         | nations) there was no such thing as a government provided a
         | social safety net - this is doubly true for the nascent
         | frontier Canadian government which had neither the funds, nor
         | the capability to administer a huge land-mass. In addition,
         | providing a social safety net was not seen as a purview of a
         | frontier government anyway. Settlers were issued a deed and
         | expected to figure things out on their own.
         | 
         | The church took on the role of providing charity because there
         | was no other institution that did.
        
       | millerm wrote:
       | I totally understand this is a tragedy, but what does this really
       | have to do with hacker news?
        
         | brandon272 wrote:
         | From HN guidelines:
         | 
         | On-Topic: Anything that good hackers would find interesting.
         | *That includes more than hacking and startups.* If you had to
         | reduce it to a sentence, the answer might be: *anything that
         | gratifies one's intellectual curiosity.*
        
       | ryanmentor wrote:
       | Germany de-nazi-fied. Will Canada de-colonize?
        
       | devtul wrote:
       | Props for Canada for caring about this issue, other places
       | wouldn't give two craps about what happened in the past. On the
       | other hand this looks like a festering wound that will never heal
       | and will plague Canadian society endlessly, including being
       | exploited by authoritarian communist dictatorships like China.
       | 
       | I wonder if there's anything we can do to, in a way or the other,
       | to leave the past in the past. Honestly I think it will be
       | forever suffered by people who never lived throught that,
       | exploited for financial and political gain, and punished upon the
       | ones who never enforced nor supported. Much like US slavery,
       | despite the 750k dead on the war to end slavery.
        
         | fukd wrote:
         | Caring my foot, indigious people are subjected to heinious
         | crimes even today
         | 
         | https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/why-are-indigenous-people-in-c...
        
       | nurgasemetey wrote:
       | You know, it is genocide masked as school. What will pay for
       | this? How these people will be repatriated?
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | There's obviously no amount of money that covers it, and so
         | ideally there are actual cultural reinvigoration goals as well
         | perhaps as Indigenous population growth goals - and supporting
         | the costs of social determinants until those communities are
         | thriving and growing at a level above average or some multiple
         | compared to Canada as a whole.
        
         | elevaet wrote:
         | Implementing the recommendations from the Truth &
         | Reconciliation will be a start. It will be a long process of
         | mending and healing that will take time, patience, and
         | deliberate effort.
        
         | munk-a wrote:
         | I think strong cultural investment is a good way to start and
         | beneficial to canadians as a whole. I went on vacation to Haida
         | Gwaii recently and really appreciated the Haida Heritage
         | Center[1] but those places are few and far between - the
         | funding for it actually originated in a standoff with the
         | government[2] that was then invested and nurtured to accrue the
         | value it has today. They host seminars and classes around
         | culture and history while employing a number of reservation
         | residents - I think it'd be wonderful if the federal government
         | put a more serious investment into cultural preservation as a
         | way to spur economic health.
         | 
         | There are other actions being called for by the tribes
         | themselves but I hope that cultural investment ends up being
         | part of the end solution.
         | 
         | 1. https://haidaheritagecentre.com/
         | 
         | 2. https://gwaiitrust.com/about/
        
       | nahuel0x wrote:
       | No church should be allowed to educate and host childrens.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please don't take HN threads on generic ideological tangents
         | and certainly not into religious flamewar.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | zapataband1 wrote:
         | preach
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-06-24 23:01 UTC)